interaction_id
stringlengths 6
9
| query
stringlengths 26
101
| query_time
stringclasses 1
value | answer
listlengths 1
23
| alt_ans
listlengths 0
0
| domain
stringclasses 1
value | question_type
stringclasses 1
value | static_or_dynamic
stringclasses 1
value | search_results
listlengths 0
0
| retrieved_chunks
listlengths 50
50
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
test_400
|
seven union territories of india and their capital?
|
n/a
|
[
"Chandigarh — Chandigarh",
"Daman and Diu — Daman",
"Lakshwadweep — Kavaratti",
"Puducherry — Pondicherry"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115713",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nIndia. The Parliament of India can pass a law to amend the Constitution and provide a Legislature with elected Members and a Chief Minister for a union territory, as it has done for Delhi and Puducherry. In general, the President of India appoints an administrator or lieutenant-governor for each UT. There are seven union territories, including Chandigarh, the joint capital of Punjab and Haryana. Delhi and Puducherry (Pondicherry) operate somewhat differently from the other five. Delhi and Puducherry were given partial statehood and Delhi was redefined as the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) and incorporated into a larger area",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115714",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nknown as the National Capital Region (NCR). Delhi and Puducherry have an elected legislative assembly and an executive council of ministers with partially state-like function. The seven union territories are: Due to existence of union territories, many critics have resolved India into a semi-federal nation, as the central and state governments each have their own domains and territories of legislation. Union territories of India have special rights and status due to their constitutional formation and development. The status of \"\"union territory\"\" may be assigned to an Indian sub-jurisdiction for reasons such as safeguarding the rights of indigenous cultures, averting political",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115719",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nthe upper house of the Indian Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, Delhi and Puducherry which are also exceptional among union territories in that each has its own locally elected legislative assembly. Union territory A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states of India, which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories ruled directly by the union government (central government), hence the name \"\"union territory\"\". When the Indian Constitution was adopted in 1949, there was only one union territory: Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The National Capital Territory of Delhi, Chandigarh and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115712",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nUnion territory A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states of India, which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories ruled directly by the union government (central government), hence the name \"\"union territory\"\". When the Indian Constitution was adopted in 1949, there was only one union territory: Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The National Capital Territory of Delhi, Chandigarh and Lakshadweep were formed by separating the territory from pre-existing states. Dadra, Nagar Haveli, Daman, Diu and Puducherry were formed from acquired territories that formerly belonged to Portuguese India or French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11467431",
"chunk_text": "\"States and union territories of India\"\nStates and union territories of India India is a federal union comprising 29 states and 7 union territories, for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions. The Constitution of India distributes the sovereign executive and legislative powers exercisable with respect to the territory of any State between the Union and that State. The Indian subcontinent has been ruled by many different ethnic groups throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region. During the British Raj, the original administrative structure was mostly kept,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1228654",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal district\"\ncapital), Putrajaya (federal government administrative centre) and Labuan (international offshore financial centre). In India, the term Union Territory is used for the seven territories governed directly by the federal national government with its own Chief minister and Governor. They include — Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Lakshadweep and Puducherry. Of these Delhi and Puducherry possess partial state hoods with their own elected chief ministers. In Pakistan, the term Federal Territory is used for the five zones and 12 union councils of Islamabad governed directly by the state government as Islamabad Capital Territory.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18884455",
"chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nGovernment of India The Government of India (IAST: ), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India. Modelled after the Westminster system for governing the state, the union government is mainly composed of the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, in which all powers are vested by the constitution in the prime minister, parliament and the supreme court. The President of India",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6801482",
"chunk_text": "Delhi\nDelhi Delhi (, \"\"Dilli\"\"), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. The NCT covers an area of . According to the 2011 census, Delhi's city proper population was over 11 million, the second-highest in India after Mumbai, while the whole NCT's population was about 16.8 million. Delhi's urban area is now considered to extend beyond the NCT boundaries and include the neighboring satellite cities of Faridabad, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3505029",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed states and territories of India\"\nMaharashtra state government. Jambuwantrao Dhote led a popular struggle for Vidarbha statehood in the 1970s. Two politicians, N. K. P. Salve and Vasant Sathe, have led attempts to bring about a state of Vidarbha in recent times. Delhi, Meerut, Baghpat, Muzaffarnagar, Gurgaon, Sonipat, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida and Greater Noida form the National Capital Region, with a population of about 22 million. The political administration of Delhi more closely resembles that of a state than a union territory, with its own legislature, high court and an executive council of ministers headed by a Chief Minister. New Delhi is jointly administered by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8656353",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of India\"\nthe Eurasian Plate to deform, and the Indian Plate to compress at a rate of 4 cm/yr (1.6 in/yr). India is divided into 29 states (further subdivided into districts) and 7 union territories including The National capital territory (I.e., Delhi). India's borders run a total length of . Its borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh were delineated according to the Radcliffe Line, which was created in 1947 during Partition of India. Its western border with Pakistan extends up to , dividing the Punjab region and running along the boundaries of the Thar Desert and the Rann of Kutch. This border runs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8654640",
"chunk_text": "India\nabides by constitutional checks and balances. The Constitution of India, which came into effect on 26 January 1950, states in its preamble that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. India's form of government, traditionally described as \"\"quasi-federal\"\" with a strong centre and weak states, has grown increasingly federal since the late 1990s as a result of political, economic, and social changes. The Government of India comprises three branches: India is a federal union comprising 29 states and 7 union territories. All states, as well in addition to the union territories of Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6804450",
"chunk_text": "Delhi\nProfessional Sports Teams from Delhi Government General information Delhi Delhi (, \"\"Dilli\"\"), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. The NCT covers an area of . According to the 2011 census, Delhi's city proper population was over 11 million, the second-highest in India after Mumbai, while the whole NCT's population was about 16.8 million. Delhi's urban area is now considered to extend beyond the NCT boundaries and include",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3505003",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed states and territories of India\"\non 1 December 1963. The Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 carved out a new Hindi-speaking state of Haryana from the southern districts of Punjab state, transferred the northern districts to Himachal Pradesh and designated a union territory around Chandigarh, the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana. Statehood was conferred upon Himachal Pradesh on 25 January 1971, and to Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura on 21 January 1972. The Kingdom of Sikkim joined the Indian Union as a state on 26 April 1975. In 1987, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram became states on 20 February, followed by Goa on 30 May of the same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19636626",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal territory\"\nseven of these: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi Lakshadweep and Puducherry. In Pakistan, the federal territories are Islamabad Capital Territory and the disputed territories of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, only two of these: Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. In Brazil, although mentioned in the Federal Constitution, currently there are no federal territories. Until, 1988 there were three territories: Fernando de Noronha (today a state-level district of Pernambuco), Amapá, and Roraima, now fully recognised states. From 1943 to 1982 Rondônia was also a federal territory (until 1956 under the name of \"\"Território do Guaporé\"\"). The German",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17031",
"chunk_text": "\"Administrative divisions of India\"\nan Advisory Council \"\"to develop the habit of cooperative working\"\" among these States. Zonal Councils were set up vide Part-III of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. The North Eastern States' special problems are addressed by another statutory body - The North Eastern Council, created by the North Eastern Council Act, 1971. The present composition of each of these Zonal Councils is as under: India is composed of 29 states and 7 union territories (including a national capital territory). The union territories are governed by administrators, appointed by the President of India. Two of the territories (Delhi and Puducherry) have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1033937",
"chunk_text": "\"States and union territories of India\"\nof Gujarat and Maharashtra on 1 May 1960 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act. Nagaland was formed on 1 December 1963. The Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966 resulted in the creation of Haryana on 1 November and the transfer of the northern districts of Punjab to Himachal Pradesh. The act also designated Chandigarh as a union territory and the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana. Madras state was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1968. North-eastern states of Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura were formed on 21 January 1972. Mysore State was renamed as Karnataka in 1973. On 16 May 1975, Sikkim became the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115718",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nspecifically to Territories of India. The executive power of Union (i.e. union of states only) rests with President of India. President of India is also chief administrator of union territories per . Union public service commission role is not applicable to all territories of India as it refers to India only in . Per , supreme power is accorded to the President in regulating the affairs of the all the union territories except Chandigarh, NCT and Puducherry, including powers to override the laws made by Parliament and the constitution of India. Just two of the union territories have representation in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1033938",
"chunk_text": "\"States and union territories of India\"\n22nd state of the Indian Union and the state's monarchy was abolished. In 1987, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram became states on 20 February, followed by Goa on 30 May, while Goa's northern exclaves of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli became separate union territories. In November 2000, three new states were created; namely, Chhattisgarh from eastern Madhya Pradesh, Uttaranchal from northwest Uttar Pradesh (renamed Uttarakhand in 2007) and Jharkhand from southern districts of Bihar. Orissa was renamed as Odisha in 2011. Telangana was created on 2 June 2014 as ten former districts of north-western Andhra Pradesh. States and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16906928",
"chunk_text": "\"Capital districts and territories\"\n1844 it was the Santo Domingo Province and then the constitution of the Dominican Republic decided that the country needed the capital to be in a special district. The National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) is a special Union Territory of India. The territory encompasses three statutory towns: New Delhi (the capital of India), Delhi and Delhi Cantonment, along with 59 census towns and 165 villages. The NCT was set up as a federally administered Union Territory on 11 November 1956. In December 1991, the NCT was given a legislative assembly headed by a Chief Minister. The territory is not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11928566",
"chunk_text": "\"South India\"\nSouth India South India is the area including five Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as three union territories of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Puducherry, occupying 19% of India's area (). Covering the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau, South India is bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south. The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges–the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vaigai rivers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6801506",
"chunk_text": "Delhi\n\"\"States Reorganisation Act, 1956\"\" created the Union Territory of Delhi from the its predecessor the \"\"Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi\"\". The Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along Civil lines, though with limited powers. In December 2001, the Parliament of India building in New Delhi was attacked by armed militants, killing six security personnel. India suspected Pakistan-based militant groups were behind the attack, which caused a major diplomatic crisis between the two countries. There were further",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10759536",
"chunk_text": "\"New Delhi\"\nNew Delhi New Delhi () is an urban district of Delhi which serves as the capital of India and seat of all three branches of the Government of India. The foundation stone of the city was laid by Emperor George V during the Delhi Durbar of 1911. It was designed by British architects, Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. The new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931, by Viceroy and Governor-General of India Lord Irwin. Although colloquially \"\"Delhi\"\" and \"\"New Delhi\"\" are used interchangeably to refer to the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), these are two distinct",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6801505",
"chunk_text": "Delhi\ngiven in 1927, and the new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931. New Delhi, also known as \"\"Lutyens' Delhi\"\", was officially declared as the capital of the Union of India after the country gained independence on 15 August 1947. During the partition of India, thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees, mainly from West Punjab fled to Delhi, while many Muslim residents of the city migrated to Pakistan. Migration to Delhi from the rest of India continues (), contributing more to the rise of Delhi's population than the birth rate, which is declining. The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14115717",
"chunk_text": "\"Union territory\"\nterritories and other territories that may be acquired. The concept of union territories was not in the original version of the constitution, but was added by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956. In the constitution wherever it refers to Territories of India, it is applicable to whole country including union territories. Where it refers to only India, it is applicable to all states only but not to union territories. Thus, citizenship (part II), fundamental rights , Directive Principles of State Policy (part IV), Judiciary role, the Union Territories (part VIII), , etc. are applicable to union territories as it refers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19044864",
"chunk_text": "\"Northeast India\"\nundivided Assam until formation of the state of Meghalaya in 1972. The capital of Assam was shifted to Dispur, a part of Guwahati, and Shillong was designated as the capital of Meghalaya. The \"\"Seven Sister States\"\" is a popular term for the contiguous states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura prior to inclusion of the state of Sikkim into the North Eastern Region of India. The sobriquet 'Land of the Seven Sisters' was coined to coincide with the inauguration of the new states in January 1972 by Jyoti Prasad Saikia, a journalist in Tripura, in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "241384",
"chunk_text": "\"Tamil Nadu\"\nTamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (\"\"Tamiḻ Nāḍu\"\" \"\"Tamil Country\"\", formerly Madras State) is one of the 29 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri Mountains, the Anaimalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10591703",
"chunk_text": "\"Federalism in India\"\ncan establish an interstate council to coordinate/resolve disputes between states and the Union. says that India is a Union of States as elaborated under Parts and of the Constitution. Article 1 (3) says territories of India constitute states, union territories and other acquired territories. The concept of union territory was established by the Seventh Amendment. References to Territories of India, are applicable to the whole country including union territories. References to only India, are applicable to states, but not to union territories. The state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has a separate set of applicable laws under Article 370 read",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1033936",
"chunk_text": "\"States and union territories of India\"\ndistricts of Bidar, Raichur and Gulbarga from Hyderabad State and the province of Coorg. The Laccadive Islands which were divided between South Canara and Malabar districts of Madras State were united and organised into the union territory of Lakshadweep. Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh and Marathwada region of Hyderabad State. Rajasthan and Punjab gained territories from Ajmer and Patiala and East Punjab States Union respectively and certain territories of Bihar was transferred to West Bengal. Bombay State was split into the linguistic states",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1740944",
"chunk_text": "Haryana\nHaryana Haryana (), carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1November 1966 on linguistic as well as on cultural basis, is one of the 29 states in India. Situated in North India with less than 1.4% () of India's land area, it is ranked 22nd in terms of area. Chandigarh is the capital, Faridabad in National Capital Region is the most populous city of the state and the Gurugram is the financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it. Haryana has 6 administrative divisions, 22 districts, 72 sub-divisions, 93 revenue tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17127679",
"chunk_text": "Rajpramukh\nrecognised by the President as the Maharaja of that State; and (c) in relation to any other State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, the person who for the time being is recognised by the President as the Rajpramukh of that State, and includes in relation to any of the said States any person for the time being recognised by the President as competent to exercise the powers of the Rajpramukh in relation to that State. The eight Part B states were Hyderabad, Saurashtra, Mysore, Travancore-Cochin, Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU), and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3577235",
"chunk_text": "\"Federalism in India\"\nis asymmetric in that the devolved powers of the constituent units are not all the same. The state of Jammu and Kashmir was accorded a higher degree of autonomy than other States under Article 370. Union Territories are unitary type, directly governed by the Union government. of the constitution stipulates two tier-governance with an additional local elected government. Delhi and Puducherry were accorded legislatures under Article 239AA and 239A, respectively. The divsion of powers are defined by the constitution and the legislative powers are divided into three lists: Union List consists of 100 items (earlier 97) on which the parliament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10759537",
"chunk_text": "\"New Delhi\"\nentities, with New Delhi forming a small part of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighboring states. Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj, until December 1911. Calcutta had become the centre of the nationalist movements since the late nineteenth century, which led to the Partition of Bengal by then Viceroy of British India, Lord Curzon. This created massive political and religious upsurge including political assassinations of British officials in Calcutta. The anti-colonial sentiments amongst the public led to complete boycott of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9378413",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed states and territories of India\"\nProposed states and territories of India The creation of new states and territories in India is a power reserved solely for the Parliament of India. Parliament can do so by announcing new states, separating territory from an existing state or by merging two or more states or parts thereof. In addition to the existing twenty nine states and seven union territories some new states and territories of India have been proposed to be established over time. Before independence, India was divided into British-administered provinces and nominally autonomous princely states, which were governed by the British administration. After the partition of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8698975",
"chunk_text": "Punjab\nPunjab The Punjab (, , , ), also spelled Panjab (from Persian \"\"panj\"\", \"\"five\"\" + \"\"āb\"\", \"\"water\"\" or \"\"river\"\", thus \"\"land of \"\"five rivers\"\"\"\"; Punjabi: ), is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India. The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts. Until the Partition of Punjab in 1947, the British Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi; and the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Islamabad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6029175",
"chunk_text": "Conurbation\nof about 20 years, it consists of seven municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The region has an area of 4,355 km² and with a population of 20.5 million, and is among the top ten most populated urban agglomerations in the world. It is linked together through the Mumbai Suburban Railway system and a large network of roads. The National Capital Region (NCR) is a name for the coordinated planning region which encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi as well as several surrounding districts in the neighbouring states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan. However, since not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18653940",
"chunk_text": "\"Delhi Legislative Assembly\"\n1912, it functioned as the Secretariat for another decade, before the offices shifted to the present Secretariat Building on Raisina Hill. Delhi Legislative Assembly The Legislative Assembly of Delhi, also known as Delhi Vidhan Sabha, is a unicameral law making body of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, one of the 7 union territories in India. It is situated at Delhi, the state capital of Delhi, with 70 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). The seat of assembly is the Old Secretariat building, which is also the seat of the Delhi Government. The Delhi Legislative Assembly was first constituted on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15798174",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of India\"\nand are classified as union territories. The Lakshadweep Islands lie off the coast of Kerala in the Arabian sea with an area of . They consist of twelve atolls, three reefs, and five submerged banks, with a total of about 35 islands and islets.) (The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located between 6° and 14° north latitude and 92° and 94° east longitude. They consist of 572 islands, lying in the Bay of Bengal near the Myanma coast running in a North-South axis for approximately 910 km. They are located from Kolkata (Calcutta) and from Cape Negrais in Burma. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364773",
"chunk_text": "Chandigarh\nChandigarh Chandigarh () is a city and a union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighbouring states of Haryana and Punjab. The city is unique as it is not a part of either of the two states but is governed directly by the Union Government, which administers all such territories in the country. Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north, the west and the south, and to the state of Haryana to the east. It is considered to be a part of the Chandigarh capital region or Greater Chandigarh, which includes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3505034",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed states and territories of India\"\ndemanded that Kongu Nadu to be made a separate state. At least four states have been proposed to be carved out of Uttar Pradesh. The population of proposed Awadh state, consisting of Awadhi speaking districts of central Uttar Pradesh, would be approximately 50 million people with an area of approximately 75,000 km and Lucknow as the capital. Harit Pradesh is a proposed state, which would comprise 22 districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, currently forming six divisions – Agra, Aligarh, Bareilly, Meerut, Moradabad, Saharanpur and some parts of Kanpur Division (Farrukhabad, Etawah and Auraiya districts). The most prominent advocate for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19214867",
"chunk_text": "Chandigarh\nand 26 Police Lines; Volleyball Courts, Sector 7 and so on. Many personalities from this region have excelled in sports. Chandigarh Chandigarh () is a city and a union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighbouring states of Haryana and Punjab. The city is unique as it is not a part of either of the two states but is governed directly by the Union Government, which administers all such territories in the country. Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north, the west and the south, and to the state of Haryana",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3505004",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed states and territories of India\"\nyear. Goa's northern exclaves of Daman and Diu became a separate union territory. Three new states were created in November 2000: Chhattisgarh (1 November) was created out of eastern Madhya Pradesh; Uttaranchal (9 November), which was later renamed Uttarakhand, was created out of the mountainous districts of northwest Uttar Pradesh; and Jharkhand (15 November) was created out of the southern districts of Bihar. On 2 June 2014, Telangana was separated from Andhra Pradesh as the 29th state of the union. The agitation for the creation of a separate Bodoland state resulted in an agreement between the Indian Government, the Assam",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7947726",
"chunk_text": "Pondicherry\nPondicherry Pondicherry ( or ), officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and the most populous city of the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry, with a population of 657,209 and an area of 492 sq km. The city is situated in Puducherry district of the union territory, and is surrounded by the state of Tamil Nadu to which it shares most of its culture. It is affectionately known as Pondy and short code as \"\"Pdy\"\", and has been officially known by the alternative name Puducherry in Tamil (New Town) since 2006. Pondicherry city consists of 42 wards. Wards 1–10 are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8275371",
"chunk_text": "Dehradun\nDehradun Dehradun (), also spelled Dehra Dun is the interim capital of Uttarakhand, a state in the northern part of India. Located in the Garhwal region, it lies north of India's capital New Delhi and from Chandigarh. It is one of the \"\"Counter Magnets\"\" of the National Capital Region (NCR) being developed as an alternative centre of growth to help ease the migration and population explosion in the Delhi metropolitan area and to establish a smart city at Dehradun. During the days of British Raj, the official name of the town was Dehra. At present, Gairsain, a hill-town between Garhwal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8651337",
"chunk_text": "Haryana\ncountry.\"\" Haryana is home to Haryana Gold, one of India's eight professional basketball teams which compete in the country's UBA Pro Basketball League. Haryana Haryana (), carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1November 1966 on linguistic as well as on cultural basis, is one of the 29 states in India. Situated in North India with less than 1.4% () of India's land area, it is ranked 22nd in terms of area. Chandigarh is the capital, Faridabad in National Capital Region is the most populous city of the state and the Gurugram is the financial hub of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19044863",
"chunk_text": "\"Northeast India\"\nregion of British India consisted of Assam and the princely states of Manipur and Tripura. Subsequently, Nagaland in 1963, Meghalaya in 1972, Arunachal Pradesh in 1975 (capital changed to Itanagar) (formed on 20 February 1987) and Mizoram in 1987 were formed out of the large territory of Assam. Manipur and Tripura remained as Union Territories of India between 1956 until 1972, when they attained fully-fledged statehood. Sikkim was integrated as the eighth North Eastern Council state in 2002. The city of Shillong served as the capital of the Assam province created during British Rule. It remained as the capital of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9543316",
"chunk_text": "\"Goa, Daman and Diu\"\nGoa, Daman and Diu Goa, Daman, and Diu was a union territory of India from 19 December 1961 to 30 May 1987. The union territory comprised the present-day state of Goa and the two small coastal enclaves of Daman and Diu on the coast of Gujarat. The territory, along with Dadra and Nagar Haveli, comprised Portuguese India. The territory was incorporated into India after the Annexation of Portuguese India in 1961. Administratively the territory was divided into three districts, Goa, Daman, and Diu, with the capital at Panjim. In 1987 Goa was granted statehood, and Daman and Diu was made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7990249",
"chunk_text": "\"National Capital Region (India)\"\nNational Capital Region (India) The National Capital Region (NCR) is a coordinated planning region centred upon the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) in India. It encompasses the entire NCT of Delhi and several districts surrounding it from the states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. The NCR and the associated National Capital Region Planning Board were created in 1985 to plan the development of the region and to evolve \"\"harmonized policies for the control of land-uses and development of infrastructure\"\" in the region. Prominent cities of NCR include Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida, Faridabad and Ghaziabad. The NCR is a \"\"rural-urban\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7947742",
"chunk_text": "Pondicherry\nthere are also other Hindu gods such as Murugan, Vinayagar, Thakshanamoorthy, Perumal, Bhramah, Chandikeshwarar, Natarajar, Navagrahah, and 63 Naayanmaars. The pioneers in this temple say that the age of this temple is about 1000+ years. It is thought to have been built by one of the Chola kings. There is also a huge \"\"temple pond\"\". The \"\"Ther Thiruvizha\"\" procession is celebrated at this temple. Pondicherry Pondicherry ( or ), officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and the most populous city of the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry, with a population of 657,209 and an area of 492 sq km.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16671273",
"chunk_text": "\"Bharat Broadband Network\"\nBharatNet at various locations to provide the high speed last mile wireless broadband connectivity. There are 36 states and union territories of India, including 29 states and 7 UTs. BSNL was awarded work for 18 of these, RailTel received work in 8 and Power Grid Corporation of India in 5. BSNL was awarded work for 18+ states and UTs, namely Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh (divided into two projects, UP East and UP West), Uttarakhand and West Bengal. RailTel was awarded work",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7216441",
"chunk_text": "\"East India\"\nEast India East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha and also the union territory Andaman and Nicobar Islands. West Bengal's capital Kolkata is the largest city of this region. The Kolkata Metropolitan Area is the country's third largest. The states of Bihar and West Bengal lie on the Indo-Gangetic plain. Jharkhand is situated on the Chota Nagpur Plateau. Odisha lies on the Eastern Ghats and the Deccan Plateau. The region is bounded by the Nepal and Sikkim Himalayas in the north, the states of Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_401
|
when does nathan get in a car accident?
|
n/a
|
[
"The Show Must Go On"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952538",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nsign with him, but Dr. Kellerman told him not to. He goes to Ian's house with Clay and engages in a game of beer pong with him. After the game, Ian signs the contract and Nathan asked to go to the bathroom. Nathan goes to find it and finds the garage instead. Going inside, he finds a vintage Jeep Grand Wagoneer with front-end damage. He approaches it and finds an empty bottle of whiskey on the floor in front of the driver's seat. He realizes that is the car that hit Brooke and Jamie, knocking them off the bridge, almost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588318",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nhim or his hair and clothes. As revealed in \"\"Angels and Monsters\"\", his power is synthetic; after discovering that Nathan did not possess the genetic code for abilities, his parents decided that the Formula be used on him. He first discovered his power when he inadvertently used it to save himself from a car crash which left his wife wheelchair-bound. The first on-screen flight is in \"\"Genesis\"\", when he attempts to save Peter from falling to his death. When the body of Sylar was being manipulated to assume Nathan's role, he possessed the range of abilities attained by the serial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10431380",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Leone\"\nloses control of the muscle in his eye, but does not have a lazy eye. When Nathan was 12 years old, his mother was killed in a car accident. The song \"\"Morning Sadness\"\" is influenced by her death and Nathan has trouble talking about her in interviews. On their album Attics to Eden the track Friends & Lovers includes lyrics where he is speaking about his childhood and his mother, much like Morning Sadness. Nathan landed a sports scholarship to go to college in Indianapolis, Indiana at Butler University. He pursued professional soccer in the United States and for nine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12940826",
"chunk_text": "\"Jared Nathan\"\nat the time of his death. Nathan died from his injuries in a car crash on December 28, 2006, when the car in which he was a passenger hit a tree broadside in Hollis, New Hampshire. He was taken to St. Joseph's Hospital in Nashua where he was pronounced dead. He was 21 years old. An episode of \"\"Jeopardy!\"\" was dedicated to his memory. Hudson, MA, native Gabriel King, a best friend of the actor, was driving when the accident occurred. King was sentenced to a year in confinement after pleading guilty to negligent homicide because of speeding. Half of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11259311",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Petrelli\"\npower. As he begins resetting his bones, he asks Claire to call the police. They show up while Peter is still covered in his own blood and arrest him. 6 Months Earlier; During a dream, he sees Nathan and his wife get into the car accident that paralyzes her from the waist down. He realizes the accident was partially caused by Nathan's accidental first use of his flying ability (leaving the car with no driver). Peter later asks Nathan about \"\"the other car\"\" (one chasing Nathan's in the dream) involved in the accident, a detail no one else knew except",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18370111",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nas the paramedics are working on Haley, Lucas falls unconscious after a heart attack. They are both rushed to the hospital. In the next episode, Haley wakes up and an ultrasound is done to check the baby. They hear the heartbeat, proving that the baby is indeed fine. After Deb attempts suicide by taking an overdose, Nathan is racked with guilt. He and Haley decide to help Deb by moving out of their apartment and into the Scott mansion. A party is thrown on the night before prom. A tape of Nathan's basketball glories is played, but Nathan is horrified",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952539",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nkilling them. He confronts Professor Kellerman, who at first denies involvement, but then admits responsibility a short time later in a separate meeting. Afterwards, Clay, Nathan, and Ian gather at a local bar, where Ian buys shots for everyone. When Nathan asks what they're drinking, Ian tells him the brand name of the whiskey, which Nathan finds to be consistent with the brand on the bottle found in the Jeep, and concludes that his professor was lying about his involvement in the crash to cover up for his son. Nathan also becomes a father once again when Haley has Lydia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952500",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nseveral years ago before he had even known Haley. He and Haley fall out about this but later make up. When Haley mentions that Chris wants her to accompany him on tour, Nathan asks her if she kissed him and she finally admits it. Nathan tells his wife to choose between him and the tour. Haley chooses the tour and leaves Tree Hill. Nathan is devastated and goes on a downward spiral, drinking in class, punching his father and letting Lucas take the fall for his drunk-driving. Nathan finally gets his act together and goes to visit Haley in an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952536",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nbut it turned out negative. Still distraught over her mother's death, Haley jumps into the swimming pool hoping to feel emotion again. Nathan gets to her just in time and pulls her out of the pool after she has flashbacks about her life with Nathan. On a trip to Utah, Haley begins to get through her depression and is overjoyed when she finds out she's pregnant. Haley tells Nathan she thinks the baby is a girl. In Season 8, Nathan desperately tries to help a wounded Clay by donating his kidney, even if it means he will never play basketball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19057170",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Hastings\"\nOlivia and her family and friends, search for Nathan and Nate. Days later, Nathan realizes that life on the run is no place for his son, and he decides to return Nate to Olivia. In the process of returning his son, Nathan is hit by an automobile. Later, after an emotional hospital visit with his wife and son, Nathan dies. Nathan Hastings Nathan Hastings is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\". The role was originated in 1984 by Nathan Purdee, who portrayed the character until 1992. The character was subsequently portrayed by Randy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952501",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nattempt to get her to come home but this doesn't work out and he comes back to Tree Hill alone. When Nathan's uncle Cooper (Deb's brother and Nathan's role model) pays a visit to Tree Hill, he takes Nathan and Lucas to a racing track but tragedy strikes when Nathan attempts suicide by deliberately crashing the car. He ends up in hospital where he has a dream of what life would have been like if Dan had married Karen instead of Deb and Nathan and Lucas had grown up in each other's shoes. This dream makes Nathan realize how much",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588266",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nform, but he eventually lost control to Sylar and was then dead for good. Nathan is the eldest son of Angela and Arthur Petrelli. He was a lawyer working with the District Attorney's office. The District Attorney wanted to expose the Mafia connections of his father's client, Daniel Linderman. As he was driving his wife home from a party in a convertible, another vehicle attempted to run them off the road. Nathan inadvertently flew from his car, causing the car to lose control and veer off the freeway. The resulting crash paralyzed his wife, Heidi. Six months later, Nathan is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6640287",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nvows, though Rachel causes a scene at the reception over Cooper sleeping with her despite her age. Nathan and Haley head to London for their honeymoon and Haley has something to tell Nathan but before he gets to hear it, they have a near-collision with Cooper and Rachel (in the wedding limo) on the Mollina Bridge. Nathan dives into the water to rescue his uncle but becomes trapped and is left gasping for air and fighting for his life. Nathan wakes up in the hospital and is hailed as a hero for saving Rachel and Cooper. However, Nathan does not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16433516",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nyet. When Peter claims he can't do it alone, 'Nathan' tells him he can and convinces him to let him go. After the two tell each other they love each other one more time, Peter lets go and 'Nathan' falls to his \"\"death\"\", body shape-shifting back into Sylar for the final time before landing on the roof of a car. Sylar survives by regenerating, and Nathan is seemingly gone for good. Peter and Angela later mourn his second death together. In \"\"Upon This Rock\"\", Nathan's death is faked as having occurred in a plane crash and he gets a full",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16433488",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nNathan from falling after his explosion. After regaining consciousness, his mother told him that the Coast Guard never found Peter's body. He recovered after being injected with Adam Monroe's regenerative blood. In \"\"Four Months Later...\"\", it is revealed that Nathan has become an alcoholic, while hoping for Peter to return. In the opening scenes, he is seen bumping into Ando Masahashi on the street. He has presumably resigned from his office, and his wife and children have left him due to his erratic behavior. After a confrontation with his mother, who blames Nathan for Peter's apparent death, he goes to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16433492",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nthat they must schedule a press conference to make their abilities known to the public. It is his hope that public awareness will help stop the actions of the Company. Near the conclusion of his speech, as he is about to announce his ability of flight, Nathan is shot twice in the chest and lies in Peter's arms. Nathan is rushed to the hospital with Peter and Matt in tow, and appears to have died. However, he revives seconds later next to Peter, and has an epiphany; he believes that God has given him a second chance at life. Nathan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7092213",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nDimitri catches up to them and fires a shot at Nathan, but not before Dan can jump between them and take the bullet intended for his son. Dan secretly gives Nathan his gun, which Nathan then uses to shoot and kill a distracted Dimitri. Officer Stevens comes to the scene, holding Nathan at gunpoint, but is knocked out cold by Julian. The series finale shows Nathan and Haley continuing to lead happy lives after Nathan's kidnapping, and also shows a final kiss in the rain between the pair. In a flashforward, Nathan and Haley are still happily married and Haley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6640285",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nDeb tells Nathan that she started the dealership fire in an attempt to kill Dan; Nathan is angry with his mother and sends her away for a while to get her life in order. After some inspirational words from Lucas, they gradually begin speaking again, before making up properly. When Jimmy Edwards brings a gun to school, Nathan races inside to find Haley. They are held hostage in the Tutor Center and the deaths of Edwards and Keith leave Nathan and Haley realizing that life is too short. They move back in together and Nathan asks Haley to 'marry' him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588309",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nwith no memory of not being Nathan and is frightened to discover himself at the Carnival and flies off to get Peter's help. He learns that Angela had his schedule cleared for an indefinite vacation. Peter brings 'Nathan' to learn the truth the Haitian directed him to. They find the real Nathan's dead body. 'Nathan' looks at the body's history via touching it and sees Matt Parkman. They find Matt in a hospital, where Peter heals him. Sylar's mind takes over Matt and replants itself in Sylar's body after a tense almost-showdown. 'Nathan' attempts to flee Peter, afraid that Sylar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18370118",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nparty at a bar with Lucas and Haley to celebrate his new shoe deal, shoes called \"\"the NS 23's\"\". When Haley left to watch their son Jamie, fans of Portland, a rival NBA team, pretended they wanted an autograph from Nathan, only to mock him. When things escalated, he almost walked away thanks to Lucas, but the rival fans made a nasty comment about Haley, and he defended his wife and a fight ensued. Thrown through a plate glass window, he screamed he couldn't feel his legs and consequently his NBA career was over before it started. After his accident",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12967467",
"chunk_text": "\"Transport Accident Commission\"\na lake. He escapes the sinking car and screams for help, but there is no one around to help him save his family. Nightshift – 1997 – 1:30 – \"\"Take a break, fatigue kills.\"\" Shawn leaves his job at a restaurant and heads into his Kombi, where his girlfriend is waiting to make an overnight trip. They drive through the night, and the next morning, Shawn is clearly having trouble staying awake. His girlfriend wakes up as Shawn briefly drives into the other lane before his fatigue gets the better of him, and he crashes the Kombi into side of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952533",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nso he opts to drive the ball in for Neno to score. Neno is later called up by the Clippers, leaving Nathan still in the D-League. In the season 6 finale, Nathan gets called up to the Charlotte Bobcats and starts in his first game up. Nathan has been playing for the Charlotte Bobcats since the finale of season 6, but his contract is up and his friend and agent, Clay, puts Nathan's career in jeopardy by being too greedy during the negotiations. Nathan, Haley, and Jamie celebrate Jamie's 7th birthday, and a woman named Renee asks to take a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18951268",
"chunk_text": "\"Ryan Paevey\"\nand outdoor gear. He has a motorcycle that he named \"\"Lilith.\"\" In July 2015, Paevey was involved in a motorcycle accident that left him with a shattered wrist. Ryan Paevey Ryan Jacob Paevey-Vlieger (born September 24, 1984), better known as Ryan Paevey, is an American model and actor, best known for his role as Nathan West on the ABC soap opera \"\"General Hospital\"\". Paevey was born in Torrance, California and was raised in Los Angeles as the son of Les Vlieger and Linda Paevey. He has a younger sister Kaitlyn, with whom he is very close. Paevey ran track and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588317",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\ncut open Nathan's skull. Peter regains control halfway through and quickly stops, teleporting away. Future Nathan is last seen on the ground suffering massive bleeding from the head. Nathan possesses the power of self-propelled flight. He is one of the characters who has least demonstrated his power in the series, saying that he is afraid both of being seen as a freak and taken in for scientific study. In contrast, however, he also demonstrates a great deal of control over his power. As demonstrated in \"\"Hiros\"\", Nathan can reach speeds exceeding the sound barrier with no apparent adverse effects to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7092169",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nwhen it also reveals footage of him having sex with Brooke Davis at a time when he and Peyton had just broken up. Haley asks Nathan to make a list of his conquests and Nathan tells Haley that she is the only one he loved. Haley forgives Nathan and they kiss and then go to the prom together. After Mouth sends a text saying he needs help, the gang goes to Honey Grove, Texas, where Nathan and Haley have their dream prom. When they get back home, Nathan tells Lucas that an investigator has been calling him about point shaving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6640279",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nis, not surprisingly, angry and refuses to accept it, nor does Dan when he wakes up. Lucas and Keith return to Tree Hill and Lucas, Peyton and Brooke throw Nathan and Haley a wedding reception while Keith, filling in for Dan at the dealership, takes Nathan on as a mechanic. Haley starts to blossom as a musician but Nathan is jealous of her closeness to fellow musician Chris Keller and warns Chris to stay away from Haley. When Haley's older sister Taylor James comes to Tree Hill, Nathan realizes that Taylor is the girl to whom he lost his virginity",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7092207",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nBob Scott. In Season 9, after returning home from traveling for Clay's company to scout athletes, Nathan returns home to find that Dan is living under his roof and learns that Haley let him move in after his diner burned down. Nathan understands Haley's reasons for letting Dan move in because he says she has \"\"a good heart\"\" and that is just the kind of person she is. Nathan volunteers to scout in Europe, since Clay can't go after learning he is sick and is sleepwalking to the point of waking up in various parts of Tree Hill. However, before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12035886",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Petrelli\"\nagain. Unfortunately, Nathan jumps with the intent to kill himself. Peter manages to grab Nathan's hand, but in the end they both come to the conclusion that it is Nathan's time, so Peter lets him go and watches as a weeping Nathan falls. Midway through the fall, Nathan changes into Sylar, who hits a car at the street, then regenerates and leaves. Peter returns home and embraces Angela while grieving Nathan's death. In \"\"Upon This Rock\"\", Peter calls Claire to inform her of Nathan's death. Later, at Nathan's funeral Peter eulogizes Nathan, telling everyone about how Nathan was like a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588289",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nand tries to contact her. He eventually saves her from committing suicide by jumping into the Potomac River by flying and catching her as she leaps off a bridge. They are later seen sitting together in a room and, as Nathan had revealed his powers, Tracy reveals her power to him by freezing his drink. He takes her by her hands and notes that they are not even slightly cold. The two then share a kiss. In the episode \"\"Angels and Monsters\"\", Nathan and Tracy have consummated their relationship. Tracy explains to Nathan that she accidentally killed an innocent man",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9588267",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\nrunning for Congress. In the pilot episode, he is approached by his brother Peter, who tells him that he'd been having strange dreams and believed he could fly. Nathan claims to be unconvinced. The following morning, Nathan watches from an alley as Peter jumps off a building in an attempt to fly. As Peter falls, Nathan flies into the air and grabs his brother's hand. They descend for a few seconds, but then the brothers lose their grip on one another. The next day, Nathan denies that he flew and tries to explain away what happened as if it were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19137845",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Wylde\"\nmoney from the petty cash in the farm shop's till and is caught when Nathan collects it early. He sees money missing but conceals it when Leyla confesses and starts charming her, taking her to exclusive parties. They sleep together but Leyla feels guilty so Nathan blackmails her to take responsibility for him crashing a car whilst drunk. Struggling with her conscience, Leyla tells David that she slept with Nathan and he splits up with her but he hits Nathan for bullying her. Nathan's mother Natasha realises that something is wrong and asks Katie, who tells her David hit Nathan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10365137",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathaniel Bar-Jonah\"\nStreet and comes out at 7th, Ramsay disappeared; he has never been seen or heard from since. Despite the objections of Ramsay's mother, a judge declared him legally dead in 2011. Police investigations conducted years after Ramsay went missing determined that Bar-Jonah had access to his mother's off-white, four-door 1978 Toyota Corolla the day the boy disappeared, and that his mother and brother were out of town for a funeral. It was moreover determined that Bar-Jonah did not work on February 6 of 1996, nor on the days immediately preceding. While searching Bar-Jonah's apartment, detectives found a list of boys'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6640284",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nthough Nathan asked him not to. Nathan disowns his brother and moves back home with Deb. In the last episode(s), someone drugs Dan and sets fire to the dealership. Nathan goes to the door and there stands Haley. She returns to Tree Hill for good, but Nathan has not yet forgiven her or Lucas. Nathan learns that Haley is suffering musicians' block and pays Chris to come back to Tree Hill and help Haley with her music. Nathan and Haley grow close again and eventually have make-up sex and get back together. Dan is crowned Mayor of Tree Hill and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952522",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nthat left him paralyzed, Nathan has become an angered alcoholic. He's grown his hair long and has a scruffy beard. He gets into an argument with Haley, saying that he lost everything and has nothing. Haley angrily tells him that he still has her and Jamie, but if he keeps this up, he will definitely have nothing because Haley says that she can't keep living like this. When he realizes that he failed Jamie by not being there for his soap box derby, Nathan decides to get his life back to what it used to be. He also teaches Jamie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7092210",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nto her as a \"\"whore,\"\" causing Nathan to threaten to kill him if he hurts her. Nathan makes an escape attempt after fooling Dimitri and knocking him unconscious. Nathan is almost caught by the drug dealer that Dan and Clay confronted, Billy. As Nathan tries to find an exit and escape, he encounters Officer Stevens (the officer that is working on his missing case) in the building. Nathan takes the gun the officer gives him and Officer Stevens tells Nathan to go out the exit in a room and find his squad car and quickly leave saying that he'll catch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18370110",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nNathan decides to play his best for his son, and the Ravens win the championship with Lucas scoring the winning shot. Afterwards, Daunte, angry about Nathan's failure by not losing, tries to run him over with his car. Haley pushes him out of the way and is struck herself. Furious, Nathan beats Daunte with his fists. Dan stops him and covers for his son by pounding the ground, which breaks his hand. He is arrested for the beating of Daunte, who dies. (It is later revealed at the autopsy that the crash is what killed Daunte, not Nathan's beating.) Meanwhile,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8587076",
"chunk_text": "\"4 Years, 6 Months, 2 Days\"\naway at college. Nathan Scott (James Lafferty) is paralyzed and bitter after his dreams of playing professional basketball were crushed in a bar fight. Haley James Scott (Bethany Joy Galeotti), now a teacher, raises her son Jamie (Jackson Brundage), while her husband Nathan struggles with his problems. Peyton Sawyer (Hilarie Burton) quits her job and returns to Tree Hill. Brooke Davis (Sophia Bush) a well-known fashion designer is struggling to get along with her bossy CEO Victoria (Daphne Zuniga). Victoria tells the limo driver to drop Brooke's date Nick (Johann Urb) off as soon as they have been photographed together.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6640295",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nand they are looking at Lucas. Lucas decides to take the fall after Haley asks him to. When Nathan finds out, he decides to come forward because he doesn't want to end up like Dan, putting his future in front of everybody else. He holds a press conference about the point shaving, which causes him to lose his scholarship. Nathan soon finds out from Deb that Dan killed Keith. When he confronts Dan about it, Dan doesn't deny it and Nathan, in anger, disowns him and says he died the day Keith died. Whitey decides to help Nathan achieve his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952511",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\ncollege basketball dreams. Whitey accepts a coaching position with a nearby college and asks Nathan to be his star recruit. During graduation, Haley goes into labor in the middle of her valedictorian speech. In the season finale, Haley gives birth to their son, James Lucas Scott, on June 13, 2007 (their graduation day). At their graduation party, Haley tells Brooke that she was chosen to be the godmother, which she happily accepts. Later on the roof, Lucas and Nathan exchange pictures of their new family members and consider confronting Dan in jail, but agree that they will never do so.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952527",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nHaley he loves her, and they make up. After Jamie's birthday party, he learns Dan is dying, but tells him he is done with him, proving that he really doesn't care if Dan dies, but is sorry that he is. He then begins working on his come-back, although he refuses to have it called so. With Quentin's help, Nathan quickly gets back into shape with his basketball technique. Quentin has also befriended Jamie, who looks up to him. Unfortunately, Quentin is fatally shot while interrupting a store robbery. Nathan and Haley tell Jamie together and they also decide to take",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16433514",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Petrelli\"\ncould take over his body, but Peter absorbs Nathan's ability of flight and follows. At Thanksgiving dinner, 'Nathan' and Peter get Angela to admit Nathan's status. Sylar takes over and tries to kill Angela, but Nathan's mind regains control and he flies away, distraught by what his mother has done to him. In \"\"The Fifth Stage\"\", 'Nathan' has since lost control again to Sylar, but Peter defeats him and helps Nathan regain control with mental manipulation. Peter takes him to the rooftop where he tried to convince Nathan he could fly and the two discuss it. Nathan starts to lose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20040689",
"chunk_text": "\"Naomi Wenitong\"\nof Kin\"\" (2011), include tracks co-written by Wenitong. In September 2008, all three band members were involved in a car accident, with Wenitong receiving serious injuries. Wenitong sustained a broken femur, jaw, wrist, ribs, fractured pelvis, head injuries and was left in a coma. During her recovery Joel, who had driven the car, was distraught, their father Mark recalled \"\"You feel that kind of – especially as a big brother – he really felt that sense of whether it was his fault or not. As he could see her improving, he was improving.\"\" The accident was featured in an episode",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952523",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nhow to not be afraid. He then pays a visit to Dan to tell him he is over with him for good. To prove that he is going to get his family back, he cooks Haley dinner, and shaves. Haley, happy to see her husband back, tells him that she missed him and they all sit down to eat. Nathan also starts playing basketball with Jamie. Nathan decides to assist talented yet troublesome Tree Hill High School student Quentin Fields as he reminds him of his former self. He even confronts him, telling Fields how much he regrets his own",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14589807",
"chunk_text": "\"Joel Sonnenberg\"\nJoel Sonnenberg Joel Sonnenberg (born November 1977) is a Christian motivational speaker. He is a graduate of Taylor University as well as Columbia International University's seminary program. On September 15, 1979, when Sonnenberg was 22 months old, he was involved in a devastating accident that left him with burns over 85% of his body. Sonnenberg was burned after a tractor trailer crashed into the car he was in, resulting in the rupturing of its fuel tank. Sonnenberg was rescued from the burning car by a stranger. The tissue damage suffered included the loss of the fingers on his right hand,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18370095",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nPeyton breaks up with Nathan after she sees the kind of person he is. Nathan begins receiving tutoring lessons from Lucas' best friend Haley James as a way to upset Lucas. However, he later falls in love with her when she forgives him for taking drugs to enhance his basketball abilities. Throughout the season, Nathan and Haley's relationship blossoms into love, and in the season finale they get married and his relationship with Lucas slowly begins to thaw. Nathan and Haley learn that Dan has had a heart attack. At the hospital, they tell Deb of their marriage but she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14025062",
"chunk_text": "\"My Super Psycho Sweet 16: Part 3\"\nthe horrors; Nathan is her accomplice. Later Nico, who is upstairs, jumps out of an opened window with a knife in hand. When he falls he is wounded by his own knife as Nathan comes out and kills him. Sienna, who is now frustrated from waiting too long, finds Nathan hiding Nico's body. She gets help from him to start her car up, which has died out on her. As he has her checking under the hood, he continually slams the roof on her till she isn't moving any more, making Nathan believe she is dead. After telling her that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19500425",
"chunk_text": "\"Niki Taylor\"\nhas received universal praise landing her on the best dressed lists due to her exceptional personal style and ageless beauty On April 29, 2001, Taylor was critically injured in a car accident in Atlanta, Georgia. The driver, her then boyfriend Chad Renegar, was attempting to answer his cell phone when he lost control of the car and smashed into a utility pole. Taylor was wearing her automatic shoulder belt at the time, and she was not thrown from the vehicle. However, she suffered severe internal injuries, including a collapsed lung and serious liver damage, and two steel rods had to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15609171",
"chunk_text": "\"Nate Fisher\"\ngift for comforting grieving people. He and David initially clash because David is angry at him for leaving home and constantly points out the undertaking-related mistakes Nate is making, but they eventually mend fences and work well together. He also develops a relationship with Brenda Chenowith that began as a random sexual encounter in an airport and slowly becomes something more. In July 2001 (the end of the first season), Nate learns that he has arteriovenous malformation (AVM), a potentially fatal brain condition which could cause him to have a seizure or stroke at any time, but thanks in large",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5250159",
"chunk_text": "Shyheim\n\"\"Waterfalls\"\". He has had roles in films such as the 1996 Pam Grier, Fred Williamson, Jim Brown, and Richard Roundtree vehicle \"\"Original Gangstas\"\", \"\"In Too Deep\"\", and \"\"The Preacher's Wife\"\" and he also starred in the television show \"\"The Parent Hood\"\". Shyheim appeared in a small role in the prequel \"\"\"\". In January 2014, Shyheim turned himself into authorities facing charges for leaving the scene of an accident during a hit-and-run accident that left one person dead. On August 21, 2014, Shyheim was sentenced to 14 years in prison after he pled guilty to second degree manslaughter. He also received",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17952537",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Scott\"\nagain. He soon finds out he isn't a match. After Clay wakes up, Nathan tells Haley he has back pains and decides to quit basketball and become an agent. He soon becomes an agent and signs his first client. Nathan goes back to college, and isn't well-liked by his college professor, Dr. August Kellerman. He then starts to gain respect and gets the hang of college, with the help of Jamie. He then wants to sign Kellerman's son Ian, who is a baseball player. He is really good, but he is the life of the party. Nathan wanted Ian to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_402
|
who has the most subscribers in faze clan?
|
n/a
|
[
"FaZe Rug"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385844",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\n\"\"FaZe 2.0\"\" by FaZe members and fans. The FaZe \"\"CS:GO\"\" team went on to become one of the most successful rosters for the 2017/2018 seasons. FaZe Clan is the most popular esports organization in the world, based on the organization's social media following. As of November 28, 2018, FaZe Clan and its members together have 82 million YouTube subscribers, 11.2 billion YouTube views, 11.3 million Twitch followers, 130 million Twitch views, 43.1 million Twitter followers, 45.8 million Instagram followers, 2.8 million Facebook likes and followers. FaZe Clan has made $6,148,290.91 from esport tournament prize pools alone. FaZe Clan started on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385880",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nFebruary 18, 2018. FaZe Clan FaZe Clan (formerly FaZe Sniping) is an American esports and entertainment organization that competes in various video game tournaments. The organization was founded as a gaming clan on YouTube by players known as Housecat, ClipZ, and Resistance in 2010, who all created \"\"trickshot\"\" videos for the video game \"\"\"\". In 2012, with the release of \"\"\"\", the organization decided to expand into competitive play. In 2016, a new era for FaZe began when the organization bought a \"\"\"\" professional team. This moment marked the beginning of FaZe Clan expanding into various esports. This movement is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385843",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nFaZe Clan FaZe Clan (formerly FaZe Sniping) is an American esports and entertainment organization that competes in various video game tournaments. The organization was founded as a gaming clan on YouTube by players known as Housecat, ClipZ, and Resistance in 2010, who all created \"\"trickshot\"\" videos for the video game \"\"\"\". In 2012, with the release of \"\"\"\", the organization decided to expand into competitive play. In 2016, a new era for FaZe began when the organization bought a \"\"\"\" professional team. This moment marked the beginning of FaZe Clan expanding into various esports. This movement is referred to as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7357127",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\n30, tied the PC Kill Record for Squads, with a combined of 53 kills. Epic has released a statement of allotting 100 million USD to future tournaments and FaZe has been sure to stay on the aggression with their competitive team. \"\"Italic\"\" nicknames are not members of FaZe Clan. FaZe Clan acquired an \"\"Overwatch\"\" roster on June 23, 2016. After one year acquiring the team, the organization disbanded it. The last remaining active member, FCTFCTN, left the roster on February 16, 2018, marking the end of the FaZe \"\"Overwatch\"\" roster. The announcement of FaZe buying Gorilla Core's \"\"PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds\"\" (\"\"PUBG\"\")",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385868",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nDuty\"\" Championship. Following these placings, SlasheR and Enable were transferred back to the main roster, while ACHES and Parasite parted ways with the organization. FaZe Red disbanded for good. FaZe Clan was founded with the acquisition of Mikail \"\"Maikelele\"\" Bill, Håvard \"\"rain\"\" Nygaard, Ricardo \"\"fox\"\" Pacheco, Joakim \"\"jkaem\"\" Myrbostad, Philip \"\"aizy\"\" Aistrup of G2 Esports. The team's first tournament under FaZe was at DreamHack Leipzig 2016, where they started in Group A against Luminosity Gaming in a best-of-one match. Their first match of the tournament went well for the Europeans, with a victory. The team's next match was against Natus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385862",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nqualify for the Stage 1 Playoffs. Their first matchup was against OpTic Gaming. FaZe managed to upset OpTic, winning the series. FaZe continued through the bracket. However, they placed third in the Playoffs, losing to Splyce in the winners bracket and Luminosity in the losers bracket. FC Black is the academy team of FaZe Clan, which was signed on the 6. December, 2018. FaZe Black was initially formed after the \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship 2014 after ProoFy was given his own team after leaving the main FaZe roster. ProoFy was to be the captain of the team and he picked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7357128",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nteam was made on November 11, 2017. The team had been brought together under Gorilla Core the previous year. Gorilla's CEO Bruno Lema Santos was also acquired by FaZe to run eeports operations for the larger organization in the purchase. FaZe Clan does not have a designated professional player or team signed, but some of the players and content creators occasionally compete or have competed in the tournaments on team's behalf. The announcement FaZe Clan expanding into \"\"Rainbow Six Siege\"\" was made on January 1, 2018. The roster has participated in Six Invitationals in Montreal from February 13, 2018 to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385845",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nYouTube in 2010 as a group of video game players who performed trickshots in \"\"Call of Duty\"\" and occasionally posted clips and montages on the video sharing site. As the members' personalities and audience preferences changed, so did the video content. The more popular FaZe YouTubers started to vlog and do creative skits to further develop their channels. Although the YouTubers are the more famous members, they do not usually compete in any competitive gaming. The YouTubers make YouTube videos in order to extend the FaZe Clan brand and entertain their fans. Within the last few years, the \"\"Call Of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385877",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\n(W/D/L) means win/draw/lose.\"\" \"\"Intel Grand Slam means current victories/total victories/spoils.\"\" On January 24, 2018, FaZe Clan made their way into \"\"FIFA\"\" after signing former Hashtag United F.C. player Tass. His first tournament under the organization was the FIFA eWorld Cup in Barcelona, from January 26, 2018. Former players On March 3, 2018, FaZe announced the roster of their \"\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\" team. The FaZe \"\"Fortnite\"\" professional players continue to achieve astonishing records in the \"\"Fortnite\"\" community. On June 8 of 2018, during the weekly Friday \"\"Fortnite\"\" tournament hosted by KEEMSTAR and UMG, Tfue and Cloak, with ONE_shot_GURL and Nick Eh",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8484915",
"chunk_text": "\"Attach (video game player)\"\nAttach (video game player) Dillon Price, (born January 4, 1997) better known by his gamertag Attach, is a professional \"\"Call of Duty\"\" player who currently plays the Slayer role for the FaZe Clan. His most notable roles before being on FaZe include playing for Rise Nation and Denial eSports. He won the Call of Duty Championship 2015 with Denial. As of August 2018, Attach has won $345,142, of which over $145,000 was won in \"\"\"\". He also runs an active YouTube channel. Attach started gaming when he was a young kid. Attach first heard about competitive \"\"Call of Duty\"\" from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385875",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nAleksi \"\"allu\"\" Jalli as their new AWPer. kioShiMa was also later replaced by the 2015 world number one, Olof \"\"olofmeister\"\" Kajbjer Gustafsson. After 8 successful months, including a second place at the , olofmeister announced that he was stepping down due to personal reasons. In his place former Ninjas in Pyjamas player Richard \"\"Xizt\"\" Landström joined as a substitute. The team started shaky in their second LAN event, losing to hometown heroes Renegades but managed to surprise the community by defeating Astralis to win IEM Sydney 2018 in a narrow BO5 grand final: 19-17, 22-20 and 16-14. On May 25,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7357122",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nthe Bosnian player Nikola \"\"NiKo\"\" Kovač from mousesports. The integration of the Bosnian star proved to be successful, as FaZe were able to reach the finals of IEM Katowice 2017 and win the StarSeries Season 3 finals. Despite having a consistent streak of top placings following the StarSeries at IEM Sydney, ECS Season 3 Finals and ESL One: Cologne 2017, FaZe ended 2017's second Major, PGL Major Kraków 2017 fifteenth of sixteenth without winning a single game. Following the team's stunning elimination at the Major, the team bought out the contract of Ladislav \"\"GuardiaN\"\" Kovács from Natus Vincere to replace",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7357097",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nas FaZe Red. To complete the FaZe Black roster, ProoFy was joined by two members of the previous team, Censor and Saints, along with FormaL. ProoFy left the team for OpTic Gaming, and Dedo filled his spot. With the rosters finally settled, the teams began practicing for UGC Niagara. Unfortunately, Saints was not attending the event, so FaZe Black was forced to find a replacement: Saint. FaZe Red finished fifth of six; FaZe Black finished ninth of twelve. Much later into the life cycle of \"\"Ghosts\"\", FaZe saw yet another roster change; however, this change was the result of personal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15643945",
"chunk_text": "\"Attach (video game player)\"\nArena in Atlanta in October 2018. Attach won the 2018 Esports Play of the Year on November 12, 2018 in London, England for his 1v3 Round 11 clutch versus Optic Gaming in the Grand Finals of the CWL Season 1 Playoffs leading to Faze Clan winning the tournament. Attach (video game player) Dillon Price, (born January 4, 1997) better known by his gamertag Attach, is a professional \"\"Call of Duty\"\" player who currently plays the Slayer role for the FaZe Clan. His most notable roles before being on FaZe include playing for Rise Nation and Denial eSports. He won the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385866",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nDuty\"\" Championship 2015 finishing 3 -0 in Group G, but they under-performed in Winner's bracket losing 2 -3 and 2 -3 in the Loser's Bracket, finishing with a disappointing thirteen of sixteen placement. FaZe Black disbanded again, leaving only FaZe Red for the second time On April 5, 2014, FaZe Clan announced the acquisition of an additional roster, dividing the two teams into FaZe Red and FaZe Black. Replays, Classic, and JKap were transferred from the main roster, and Theory joined them. This roster achieved mediocre results, placing nine of twelve at UGC Niagara 2014, five of eight at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385863",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nup Saints, FormaL and Censor to make up the rest of the team. They were called a \"\"God Squad\"\" and were predicted to be a team that would be able to take down compLexity. However, after MBoZe left the OpTic Gaming team, ProoFy left FaZe Black to join OpTic Gaming. As a result, Censor became captain of the team and picked up Dedo, who had teamed with Censor and Saints under Strictly Business. The team's first event was UGC Niagara 2014 where they finished in fifth place, taking home $1,000. Sadly, Saints was unable to make it to the event,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "666976",
"chunk_text": "\"Nikola Kovač\"\nNikola Kovač Nikola Kovač (born 16 February 1997), better known by his alias NiKo, is a Bosnian professional \"\"\"\" and former \"\"Counter-Strike\"\" videogame player. NiKo got very popular within the community after his impressive performances for mousesports, especially during ESEA Season 18 where he showed his incredible aim and game sense at such young age. He currently plays the role of a lurking Rifler and secondary AWPer for FaZe Clan and he recently took the IGL role from Karrigan after poor a series of poor tournaments. He is the cousin of Valiance's huNter. NiKo's first tournament win was at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385846",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nDuty\"\" community has been frustrated with the way FaZe Clan has been/not been involved in the game in which it was founded. Most of the other FaZe members have changed their video topics and mostly do vlog videos. This sparked FaZe Clan to organize the highly successful FaZe Bootcamp on the release of \"\"\"\". FaZe trickshotters known as Kitty, Dirty, Bloo, GwidT and Replays contributed to a week dedicated to creating \"\"Call of Duty\"\" content. FaZe's first roster—consisting of players named Heist, Folsom, Secretly, and Sham— was created to compete at the 2013 MLG Winter Championship. Their next roster—consisting of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "321977",
"chunk_text": "KioShiMa\nactive line-up until which March 3rd, 2016 in the wake of the team's long slump. He was acquired by FaZe Clan a month later replacing the recently departed Maikelele. On August 20th, 2017, KioShiMa was replaced by olofmeister on FaZe Clan. On February 3rd, 2018, after 6 months of inactivity, he returned to Team EnVyUs to replace xms. After 4 months of Playing for Team EnVyUs, team got disbanded. After Team disband 3 Players of Team EnVyUs (ScreaM, KioShiMa, hAdJi) created a new team named LeftOut, and they also added 2 Team EnVyUs Formers (SIXER and xms). At 2018 October",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385867",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\neight-team MLG X Games Invitational 2014, and nine of eleven at MLG Anaheim 2014. FaZe Red had yet to outplace their FaZe Black counterpart at any event they both attended, and the FaZe organization dropped the FaZe Red roster, leaving only their FaZe Black roster. The 2015 \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship marked the return of FaZe Red and FaZe Black. ACHES, SlasheR, Parasite, and Enable were transferred over from the main FaZe roster to FaZe Red. This time around, FaZe Red was much more successful, securing third place at the 2015 North America Qualifier and at the 2015 \"\"Call of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385848",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nthe team attended the four-team MLG Fall Invitational 2013. Deciding to remain with the same roster, they were unable to break the slump as they finished in fourth place. With the launch of \"\"Call of Duty: Ghosts\"\" FaZe decided to replace Slacked with Classic, hoping to have a strong showing in the MLG Fall Championship 2013, but came twenty-fourth in the event. Following this result, the team decided to replace the team members SpaceLy and Huhdle with players named JKap and Methodz. This swap was followed by a respectable showing in UMG Philadelphia 2014, where they placed seventh. However, when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385850",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nmatch with Team Immunity. FaZe avoided another upset by defeating them along with one of the top European teams, Epsilon eSports. FaZe won again to set up a match against the favored team compLexity, where FaZe lost. FaZe lost their next match in the losers bracket. FaZe finished in sixth place and was rewarded with a $50,000 prize. After the event, FaZe decided to make some major roster adjustments. They announced that ProoFy would be starting his own team with the creation of FaZe Black. Theory would then fill his vacant spot on the team which would now be known",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385853",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nto lose. However, FaZe bounced back beating both Denial Esports and Team Kaliber to face OpTic Gaming in the finals. They beat OpTic in two best of five series to win MLG Columbus and $10,000. FaZe later attended UMG Orlando 2015 where they placed poorly, thirteenth of sixteen. As \"\"Advanced Warfare\"\" continued to move along, a deal was struck between FaZe and Denial Esports. FaZe reportedly found that Huke and Slasher were unsettled at FaZe and were seeking other teams. As a result, the organization and key members, ZooMaa and Enable, traded Huke and Slasher for Denial CoD Champions James",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7357117",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nVincere, who were the favorites of Group A. This match-up did not go well for FaZe. They were completely shut out and ended the match losing. After losing their previous match, the deciding factor between moving on and going home was a rematch with Luminosity Gaming, this time in a best-of-three. The first map went poorly for FaZe, who lost out and. This meant a five of six group stage finish earning them $3,000. On February 9, 2016, FaZe Clan added Robert \"\"RobbaN\"\" Dahlström as a coach. RobbaN was widely regarded at the time as one of the best in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385859",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nnot lose a single map going into the winners bracket. FaZe’s performance continued in bracket play, defeating Team Infused in the first round. In day 3, FaZe was sent into the losers bracket, again by the eventual World League Championship winners Team EnVyUs. FaZe came up against Millenium, and won the series, to set up a match again against Splyce. The match went to an intense Game 5, which FaZe lost. FaZe finished the championship event in seventh of eight, netting them $50,000 in prize money. FaZe started the season well, winning the PlayStation Experience Invitational. At the first major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18248245",
"chunk_text": "Sodapoppin\nlosing thousands of dollars on any given day. In May 2015, Sodapoppin lost $5000 on one hand with over 43,000 viewers watching him. Sodapoppin co-owned the Canadian eSports organization, Northern Gaming. The organization was purchased by NRG Esports which is owned by Shaquille O'Neal, Alex Rodriguez and others. Sodapoppin joined the company. Sodapoppin eliminated fellow streamer, Dr DisRespect, out of the H1Z1 Invitational tournament in October 2017. Nonetheless, Sodapoppin failed to make top ten. According to SocialBlade, as of October 23, Sodapoppin sits at the number 21 spot for the most followers on Twitch. Sodapoppin also ranks number 14 for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385876",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\n2018, FaZe Clan and olofmeister announced his return, Xizt was transferred to Fnatic. olofmeister went through a few more spells of absence, during which time the Norwegian player cromen stood in for him. While cromen was relatively unknown before standing-in, he quickly proved he was not as heavily overshadowed on the roster as many thought he would be. olofmeister finally returned to FaZe Clan on the 10th of July. The results were not looking good, with multiple seventh/fifth of eight finishes, but FaZe finally won EPICENTER 2018 over Natus Vincere. \"\"Bold denotes a CS:GO Major sponsored by Valve.\"\" \"\"Group Stage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385858",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nFaZe lost to Rise for a fourth-place finish. FaZe completed Stage 2 with a 13-9 record, securing the third seed to face Dream Team at the Stage 2 Playoffs. However, FaZe again lost to Dream Team, for another fifth of eight finish. At MLG Orlando Open 2016 FaZe finished pool play with another flawless record. However, they were beaten and sent to the losers bracket, where they progressed until facing the in-form Team EnVyUs, taking yet another fourth-place finish. FaZe Clan qualified for the 2016 \"\"Call of Duty\"\" World League Championship—the largest tournament ever played at that time. FaZe did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3219206",
"chunk_text": "Olofmeister\nOlofmeister Olof Kajbjer Gustafsson, (born January 31, 1992) better known by his in-game name olofmeister or olofm, is a Swedish professional \"\"\"\" player who is currently playing for FaZe Clan. He has previously played for H2k, Absolute Legends, LGB eSports and Fnatic. Olofmeister is widely regarded as one of the best \"\"CS:GO\"\" players in the world. He has won two CSGO Majors, ESL One Katowice 2015 and ESL One Cologne 2015, as well as many other tournaments. Olof grew up in Tyresö. He has a brother, Markus, and a sister, Linda. He developed an interest in playing football at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12257648",
"chunk_text": "Karrigan\nplace. Astralis got 3-4th at the in March. In July they got 5-8th at second Major, ESL One Cologne 2016. Karrigan transferred to FaZe Clan on October 19, 2016. \"\"Bold denotes a CS:GO Major\"\" Karrigan Finn Andersen (born April 14, 1990), better known as karrigan, is a Danish (\"\"CS:GO\"\") player who was the in-game leader for FaZe Clan. He has also played for other teams including n!faculty, Team Dignitas, Team SoloMid, Copenhagen Wolves, fnatic, and mousesports. Karrigan was a founding member of Astralis, a player-owned team established in 2015. He began playing competitively in 2006 during the \"\"Counter-Strike 1.6\"\" era.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385872",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nmore rounds, but eventually fell into the lower bracket, defeated. In the lower bracket, the Europeans went up against Splyce. The match went well for FaZe and they managed to dominantly win 16-3 with aizy having the most kills with an impressive HLTV rating of 1.65. In the loser's final FaZe was against Fnatic in a best-of-three. Fnatic took the first map. On the next map, Fnatic was still dominant and won the first half. FaZe never got a chance to come back and lost the second map; they were out of the tournament. After Maikelele stepped down, FaZe started",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385861",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nmatch with a convincing scoreline, consigning FaZe to second place. A month later, FaZe attended CWL Dallas 2017, labelled as favorites to win. They performed to this expectation, facing off against OpTic Gaming in the winners final. But OpTic defeated FaZe. FaZe once again met eUnited, this time in the loser’s final, where they lost to take home third place. The end of CWL Dallas marked the beginning of the Global Pro League. In Stage 1, FaZe were placed into Group Blue, alongside Fnatic, Rise Nation, and Evil Geniuses. Following a close series against Rise Nation, FaZe barely managed to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4327617",
"chunk_text": "\"Ninja (streamer)\"\nclassification. He began streaming \"\"Fortnite\"\" regularly and his viewership began to grow, which coincided with the game's growth in popularity. In September 2017, he had 500,000 followers; in six months, that number grew by 250 percent. In March 2018, Blevins set the Twitch record for a single individual stream while playing \"\"Fortnite\"\" after he hosted a game with Drake, Travis Scott, and Juju Smith-Schuster. In April 2018, he broke his own viewing record during his event \"\"Ninja Vegas 2018\"\" where he accumulated an audience of ~667,000 live viewers. Blevins has over 17 million subscribers on YouTube as of September 2018.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385849",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\n\"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship 2014 was announced and said that all players had to be over 18 years old, they had no choice but to drop Methodz. FaZe picked up NameLeSs, but dropped him for ProoFy shortly after. FaZe finished in fourth place in the online qualifier competition for the 2014 \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship: US Regionals, securing a spot at the 2014 \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship. At the Championship event, they were defeated in the group stage but were able to advance to bracket play with two wins. They secured the second seed in their group and set a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385873",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nto search for a replacement and only three days before DreamHack Masters Malmö FaZe acquired the French player Fabien \"\"kioShiMa\"\" Fiey from Team EnVyUs. At DreamHack Masters Malmö they started in Group D. FaZe lost the first match to Virtus.pro and headed to a match with Team EnVyUs. It was very balanced and FaZe managed to win the first half, but in the second half FaZe struggled and Team EnVyUs managed to win the match. FaZe earned $2,000 as well as another group stage exit. After aizy's departure to North, FaZe were able to strengthen their team further by signing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3219212",
"chunk_text": "Olofmeister\nto a repetitive strain injury of a hand and would be temporarily replaced by Niclas \"\"Plessen\"\" Plessen; whom was shortly replaced by John \"\"wenton\"\" Eriksson On August 20, 2017, Olofmeister officially signed with FaZe Clan, ending his 3-year tenure with Fnatic. Since joining FaZe Clan, he has won three events including: ESL One: New York 2017, ELEAGUE CS:GO Premier 2017, and Esports Championship Series Season 4 - Finals. In H2k, Olofmeister played with Joel \"\"emilio\"\" Mako, André \"\"keiz\"\" Carlsson, John \"\"wenton\"\" Eriksson, and Hugo \"\"huggan\"\" Lopez. In Absolute Legends, Olofmeister played with Andreas \"\"schneider\"\" Lindberg, Markus \"\"pronax\"\" Wallsten, Dennis \"\"dennis\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2084392",
"chunk_text": "\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\nwho gained a large number of subscribers by March 2018, in part due to his skill and through promotions on Twitch that offered free \"\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\" cosmetic items; by March 2018, he was estimated to be making a month from his streaming revenue. YouTube streamer Rubén Doblas Gundersen held a \"\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\" match with 99 other well-known YouTube streamers in late March, which drew over 1.1 million viewers, making it one of the most-watched gaming YouTube streams. The \"\"Fortnite\"\" Pro-Am event held at E3 2018 was estimated to have drawn over 1.3 million views across Twitch and other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385860",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nevent of the year, CWL Las Vegas 2017, the team beat OpTic and Splyce, to reach the semi-final against Rise Nation. FaZe lost the match, placing them in the losers bracket. They defeated Allegiance, before ultimately falling to Cloud9 in a close match, placing FaZe third at the event. At CWL Atlanta, FaZe only managed to get a fifth of sixth finish. The team fared better at CWL Paris 2017, reaching the final. The match got off to a false start, with technical issues forcing a stop while FaZe were up 42 -13. However, after the restart, OpTic won the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14036830",
"chunk_text": "\"El Rubius\"\nHe became the most subscribed Spanish channel in November 2012, after overtaking the YouTuber Willyrex. In February 2013, he reached 1 million subscribers and two years later, in February 2015, he became the first Spanish YouTuber whose channel reached 10 million subscribers. Therefore, in October 2015, he got the Diamond Play Button at the YouTube 10th Anniversary Party in Madrid. El Rubius has made appearances in the 2015 and 2016 editions of YouTube Rewind. On March 25, 2018 ElrubiusOMG broke Ninja and Drake's record for most concurrent viewers during a Fortnite stream and the record for most concurrent viewers on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16746471",
"chunk_text": "Esports\nthrough. Professional gamers, or \"\"pro gamers\"\", are often associated with gaming teams and/or broader gaming associations. Teams like FaZe Clan, OpTic Gaming, Evil Geniuses, Team SoloMid, Cloud9, Fnatic, Mineski, Counter Logic Gaming, SK Telecom T1, Splyce, Team EnVyUs, and Natus Vincere consist of several professionals. In addition to prize money from tournament wins, players may also be paid a separate team salary. Team sponsorship may cover tournament travel expenses or gaming hardware. Prominent esports sponsors include companies such as Logitech and Razer. Teams feature these sponsors on their website, team jerseys and on their social media, in 2016 the biggest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12257644",
"chunk_text": "Karrigan\nKarrigan Finn Andersen (born April 14, 1990), better known as karrigan, is a Danish (\"\"CS:GO\"\") player who was the in-game leader for FaZe Clan. He has also played for other teams including n!faculty, Team Dignitas, Team SoloMid, Copenhagen Wolves, fnatic, and mousesports. Karrigan was a founding member of Astralis, a player-owned team established in 2015. He began playing competitively in 2006 during the \"\"Counter-Strike 1.6\"\" era. Andersen was born on April 14, 1990 and is from Copenhagen. He is of half Danish and half German descent and speaks Danish and German fluently, as well as English. Karrigan's brother started playing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385865",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nloss. Following the event, FaZe Black became the only roster for the FaZe Clan organization when the entire FaZe Red roster was dropped. With the 2015 \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship around the corner, FaZe Clan decided it was time once again to split into two teams. The new FaZe Black roster would feature Censor, Apathy, ProoFy, and StuDyy. They easily passed through the online qualifiers to compete at the \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Championship NA Regional Finals 2015, where they placed seven of eight after forfeiting their final match. FaZe Black started off with a strong performance at the \"\"Call of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2385852",
"chunk_text": "\"FaZe Clan\"\nissues between Parasite and his teammates. Parasite was subsequently benched, but shortly after a very professional ordeal coming out of Censor, his actions were quickly undone as Dedo was traded to Evil Geniuses in exchange for the temporary loan of Karma, and Parasite returned to the active roster. With the release of \"\"Advanced Warfare,\"\" Impact, Censor and Apathy were looking for two players. They recruited SlasheR and ACHES and attended the MLG Columbus Open 2014. The matches were going well until ACHES severely cut his hand. He was still determined to play, but struggled and ended up causing the team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2997597",
"chunk_text": "\"Myth (streamer)\"\nother popular streamers including, Pokimane and summit1g. Myth (streamer) Ali Kabbani (born May 24, 1999), more commonly known as Myth or TSM Myth, is an American Twitch streamer and professional \"\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\" player. As of July 2018, he is among the most popular streamers on Twitch with over 4 million followers and over 50 million views. Kabbani also has over 3 million subscribers on his YouTube channel. Ali Kabbani's YouTube account was created on November 3, 2013. He started streaming on Twitch in 2016 and mainly streamed \"\"Paragon,\"\" a third-person multiplayer online battle arena developed by Epic Games. Paragon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2997595",
"chunk_text": "\"Myth (streamer)\"\nMyth (streamer) Ali Kabbani (born May 24, 1999), more commonly known as Myth or TSM Myth, is an American Twitch streamer and professional \"\"Fortnite Battle Royale\"\" player. As of July 2018, he is among the most popular streamers on Twitch with over 4 million followers and over 50 million views. Kabbani also has over 3 million subscribers on his YouTube channel. Ali Kabbani's YouTube account was created on November 3, 2013. He started streaming on Twitch in 2016 and mainly streamed \"\"Paragon,\"\" a third-person multiplayer online battle arena developed by Epic Games. Paragon has since been removed. His streams become",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13010668",
"chunk_text": "Ali-A\nAli-A Alastair Aiken (born 6 November 1993), better known by his online alias Ali-A (or by his original alias Matroix), is a British YouTuber known for \"\"Call of Duty,\"\" \"\"Fortnite\"\" commentaries, and vlogs. His main channel Ali-A has a subscriber count of over 15 million, with its total views exceeding 4 billion. His second channel, More Ali-A, has a YouTube subscriber count of 5.1 million and a total of over 959 million video views. On 23 April 2018, Ali-A created a new channel, titled \"\"Clare & Ali\"\" with his partner, Clare Siobhan. The channel has since gained over 480 thousand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "322088",
"chunk_text": "Ali-A\nsubscribers and generated more than 3.5 million video views. Aiken often refers to his YouTube subscriber fanbase as the \"\"Ali-A Army\"\". In July 2015, he was awarded the \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" for 'Most Popular \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Channel by views' and 'Most Popular \"\"Call of Duty\"\" Channel by subscribers'. Aiken frequently attends the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) as well as other video game conventions. In 2013, Aiken wrote a guest blog post in \"\"Huffington Post\"\" UK. \"\"The Huffington Post\"\" has also stated that \"\"Ali is one of the UK’s most popular and influential entities globally and is at the forefront",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18862872",
"chunk_text": "Fernanfloo\nin San Salvador, El Salvador. His channel reached 10,000 subscribers in July 2013, 100,000 subscribers in February 2014, 1 million subscribers in August 2014, and 10 million subscribers in March 2016. In December 2015, Flores launched an app called \"\"Fernanfloo\"\", which received 2.3 million downloads within its first week of release. In April 2018, Fernanfloo began to make gameplays on Twitch. Fernanfloo Luis Fernando Flores Alvarado (known on YouTube as Fernanfloo) is a Salvadoran gaming YouTuber and Twitcher. With a total of over 6.9 billion views, more than 560 videos and 29 million subscribers, his channel is the 17th most-subscribed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2773407",
"chunk_text": "\"Faze discography\"\nFaze discography Faze is a multi-award-winning and nominated Nigerian solo artiste. Faze has been active in music since 1995 releasing albums with member of his then group Plantashun Boiz. Their first album was released in the year 2000. He has spawned 6 number 1 hits and 12 chart top 20 songs through his career as a solo artiste as well as 10 number 1 videos. This places Faze one of the best charted artiste in video charts. With sales of about 6 million units, Faze is one of the biggest selling artists of all time and most charted artiste. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11234236",
"chunk_text": "Scump\nRed Bull due to OpTic Gaming's partnership with the company (although he was not a Red Bull eSports athlete), but the partnership ended January 20, 2016. As of 15 December 2018, Scump has more than $600,000 from tournament winnings, of which $261,250 was won in \"\"\"\". He also runs a YouTube channel that currently has obtained over 2.4 Million Subscribers as of December 15th 2018.. Scump and OpTic would stay together for the \"\"\"\" season. OpTic would take their only 1st-place finish at UMG Chicago, would never finish outside of the top 10. However, they continued to grow in streaming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_403
|
the removal of temperature in fire fighting method is known as?
|
n/a
|
[
"cooling",
"penciling"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10060861",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire control\"\nFire control Fire control is the practice of reducing the heat output of a fire, reducing the area over which the fire exists, or suppressing or extinguishing the fire by depriving it of fuel, oxygen, or heat (see fire triangle). The classification below relates to the United States of America. Different classifications exist in other countries. The most common method to control a class-A fire is to remove heat by spraying the burning solid fuels with water. Another method of controlling a class-A fire would be to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere in the immediate vicinity of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661536",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nits boiling point, it converts to water vapor. When this conversion takes place, it dilutes the oxygen in the air above the fire, thus removing one of the elements that the fire requires to burn. This can also be done with foam. Another way to extinguish a fire is fuel removal. This can be accomplished by stopping the flow of liquid or gaseous fuel, by removing solid fuel in the path of a fire, or by allowing the fire to burn until all the fuel is consumed, at which point the fire will self-extinguish. One final extinguishing method is chemical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5014813",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire triangle\"\nmechanically or chemically removing the fuel from the fire. Fuel separation is an important factor in wildland fire suppression, and is the basis for most major tactics, such as controlled burns. The fire stops because a lower concentration of fuel vapor in the flame leads to a decrease in energy release and a lower temperature. Removing the fuel thereby decreases the heat. Without sufficient oxygen, a fire cannot begin, and it cannot continue. With a decreased oxygen concentration, the combustion process slows. Oxygen can be denied to a fire using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, a fire blanket or water.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1637498",
"chunk_text": "Fire\ncombustible material left after a fire is called \"\"clinker\"\" if its melting point is below the flame temperature, so that it fuses and then solidifies as it cools, and \"\"ash\"\" if its melting point is above the flame temperature. Wildfire prevention programs around the world may employ techniques such as \"\"wildland fire use\"\" and \"\"prescribed or controlled burns\"\". \"\"Wildland fire use\"\" refers to any fire of natural causes that is monitored but allowed to burn. \"\"Controlled burns\"\" are fires ignited by government agencies under less dangerous weather conditions. Fire fighting services are provided in most developed areas to extinguish or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10060865",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire control\"\nhot gases spread due to the expansion of the gases as a result of the combustion. Some fires can be partially controlled by venting these gases to the outside through manufactured heat vents in the structure's roof, or by the fire department cutting holes in the roof. Fire control Fire control is the practice of reducing the heat output of a fire, reducing the area over which the fire exists, or suppressing or extinguishing the fire by depriving it of fuel, oxygen, or heat (see fire triangle). The classification below relates to the United States of America. Different classifications exist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661535",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\na very specific way. An oxidizing agent is a material or substance that will release gases, including oxygen, when the proper conditions exist. It is crucial to the sustainment of a flame or fire. Using water is one common method to extinguish a fire. Water extinguishes a fire by cooling, which removes heat because of water’s ability to absorb massive amounts of heat as it converts to water vapor. Without heat, the fuel cannot keep the oxidizer from reducing the fuel in order to sustain the fire. Water also extinguishes a fire by smothering it. When water is heated to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5014812",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire triangle\"\na substance which reduces the amount of heat available to the fire reaction. This is often water, which absorbs heat for phase change from water to steam. Introducing sufficient quantities and types of powder or gas in the flame reduces the amount of heat available for the fire reaction in the same manner. Scraping embers from a burning structure also removes the heat source. Turning off the electricity in an electrical fire removes the ignition source. Without fuel, a fire will stop. Fuel can be removed naturally, as where the fire has consumed all the burnable fuel, or manually, by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8475282",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire hardening\"\nFire hardening Fire hardening, also known as \"\"fire-danubing\"\", is the process of removing moisture from wood, changing its structure and material properties, by slowly and lightly charring it over a fire. This has been thought to make a point, like that of a spear, or an edge, like that of a knife, more durable. An initial study suggests that the process might make the wood brittle but would reduce the time needed to make a spear point substantially. Pre-historic weaponmakers would rub the end of a selected wood pole against a smooth rock surface until a point was achieved. Then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661547",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nthe temperature is lowered, only a limited amount of water is necessary to suppress the fire seat with a straight spray. For a living room of , the required amount of water is estimated as 60 L (15 gal). French firefighters used an alternative method in the 1970s: spraying water on the hot walls to create a water vapor atmosphere and asphyxiate the fire. This method is no longer used because it turned out to be risky; the pressure created pushed the hot gases and vapor towards the firefighters, causing severe burns, and pushed the hot gases into other rooms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7224865",
"chunk_text": "Pyrolysis\nPyrolysis Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere. It involves the change of chemical composition and is irreversible. The word is coined from the Greek-derived elements \"\"pyro\"\" \"\"fire\"\" and \"\"lysis\"\" \"\"separating\"\". Pyrolysis is most commonly used to the treatment of organic materials. It is one of the processes involved in charring wood. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces volatile products and leaves a solid residue enriched in carbon, char. Extreme pyrolysis, which leaves mostly carbon as the residue, is called carbonization. The process is used heavily in the chemical industry, for example,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661513",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nFirefighting Firefighting is the act of attempting to prevent the spread of and extinguish significant unwanted fires in buildings, vehicles, woodlands, etc. A firefighter suppresses fires to protect lives, property and the environment. Firefighters typically undergo a high degree of technical training. This involves structural firefighting and wildland firefighting. Specialized training includes aircraft firefighting, shipboard firefighting, aerial firefighting, maritime firefighting, and proximity firefighting. One of the major hazards associated with firefighting operations is the toxic environment created by combustible materials. The four major risks are smoke, oxygen deficiency, elevated temperatures, and poisonous atmospheres. Additional hazards include falls and structural collapse",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8475284",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire hardening\"\nprimitive humans at least 400,000 years ago—long before flint or stone points. Fire hardening Fire hardening, also known as \"\"fire-danubing\"\", is the process of removing moisture from wood, changing its structure and material properties, by slowly and lightly charring it over a fire. This has been thought to make a point, like that of a spear, or an edge, like that of a knife, more durable. An initial study suggests that the process might make the wood brittle but would reduce the time needed to make a spear point substantially. Pre-historic weaponmakers would rub the end of a selected wood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661537",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nflame inhibition. This can be accomplished by applying dry chemical or halogenated agents that interrupt the chemical chain reaction and stop flaming. This method is effective on gas and liquid fuel because they must have flame to burn. Sound waves have been successfully used in a device fabricated by two George Mason University senior engineering students, Viet Tran and Seth Robertson, but the procedure is still awaiting a patent (2015). One common way to extinguish a fire is to spray it with water. The water has two roles: It vaporizes when it comes in contact with fire, and this vapor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661550",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nin the absence of other extinguishing agents, covering the flame with a fire blanket can eliminate oxygen flow to the fire. A simple and usually effective way to put out a fire in a stove-top pan is to put a lid on the pan and leave it there. One of the main risks of a fire is the smoke; because, it carries heat and poisonous gases, and obscures vision. In the case of a fire in a closed location (building), the following two different strategies may be used: isolation of the fire or ventilation. Paul Grimwood introduced the concept of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5615203",
"chunk_text": "\"Ventilation (firefighting)\"\nVentilation (firefighting) Ventilation is a part of structural firefighting tactics, and involves the expulsion of heat and smoke from a burning building, permitting the firefighters to more easily and safely find trapped individuals and attack the fire. If a large fire is not properly ventilated, not only will it be much harder to fight, but it could also build up enough poorly burned smoke to create a smoke explosion or enough heat to create a flashover. Contrarily, poorly placed or timed ventilation may increase the fire's air supply, causing it to grow and spread rapidly. The flashover may cause the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1010326",
"chunk_text": "Firefighter\nemergency medical service, in addition to working with full-time paramedics. The basic tasks of firefighters include: fire suppression, rescue, fire prevention, basic first aid, and investigations. Firefighting is further broken down into skills which include: size-up, extinguishing, ventilation, search and rescue, salvage, containment, mop up and overhaul. A fire burns due to the presence of three elements: fuel, oxygen and heat — often referred to as the \"\"fire triangle\"\". Sometimes it is known as the \"\"fire tetrahedron\"\" if a fourth element is added: a chemical chain reaction which can help sustain certain types of fire. The aim of firefighting is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "879915",
"chunk_text": "\"Wildfire suppression\"\nWildfire suppression Wildfire suppression is a range of firefighting tactics used to suppress wildfires. Firefighting efforts in wild land areas require different techniques, equipment, and training from the more familiar structure fire fighting found in populated areas. Working in conjunction with specially designed aerial firefighting aircraft, these wildfire-trained crews suppress flames, construct fire lines, and extinguish flames and areas of heat to protect resources and natural wilderness. Wildfire suppression also addresses the issues of the wildland-urban interface, where populated areas border with wild land areas. Wildland fire, known in Australia as bush fire, has played a major role in Australia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8884317",
"chunk_text": "\"Firefighting foam\"\nin groundwater at two Royal New Zealand Air Force bases, thought to be from historic use of firefighting foam containing the substances. Residents residing near the airbases were told to drink bottled water until more extensive testing could be carried out. Firefighting foam Firefighting foam is a foam used for fire suppression. Its role is to cool the fire and to coat the fuel, preventing its contact with oxygen, resulting in suppression of the combustion. Fire-fighting foam was invented by the Russian engineer and chemist Aleksandr Loran in 1902. The surfactants used must produce foam in concentration of less than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661533",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nfalls down in drops with a sound like rain; if the temperature is high, the water vaporizes with a hiss—the sign of a potentially extremely dangerous impending flashover. Ideally, part of reconnaissance is consulting a plan for the building that provides information about structures, firefighter hazards, and in some cases the most appropriate strategies and tactics for fighting a fire in that context. There are four elements needed to start and sustain a fire and/or flame. These are a reducing agent (fuel), heat, an oxidizing agent (oxygen), and a chemical reaction. A fire can be extinguished by taking away any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13127980",
"chunk_text": "\"Firefighting foam\"\nFirefighting foam Firefighting foam is a foam used for fire suppression. Its role is to cool the fire and to coat the fuel, preventing its contact with oxygen, resulting in suppression of the combustion. Fire-fighting foam was invented by the Russian engineer and chemist Aleksandr Loran in 1902. The surfactants used must produce foam in concentration of less than 1%. Other components of fire-retardant foams are organic solvents (e.g., trimethyl-trimethylene glycol and hexylene glycol), foam stabilizers (e.g., lauryl alcohol), and corrosion inhibitors. Class A foams were developed in mid-1980s for fighting wildfires. Class A foams lower the surface tension of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5023930",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire control\"\nfire (i.e., \"\"smother\"\" the fire), such as by the introduction of an inert gas such as carbon dioxide. In a wildfire, fire control includes various wildland fire suppression techniques such as defensible space, widening the fuel ladder, and removing fuel in the fire's path with firebreaks and backfires to minimize the brush fire reaching new combustible fuel and spreading further. Some Class B fires (hydrocarbons, petroleums, and fuels on fire) cannot be efficiently controlled with water. Fuels with a specific gravity less than water, such as gasoline or oil, float on water, resulting in the fire continuing in the fuel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5014814",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire triangle\"\nWater can have two different roles. In the case of a solid combustible, the solid fuel produce pyrolyzing products under the influence of heat, commonly radiation. This process is halted by the application of water, since water is more easily evaporated than the fuel is pyrolyzed. Thereby energy is removed from the fuel surface and it is cooled and the pyrolysis is stopped, removing the fuel supply to the flames. In fire fighting, this is referred to as surface cooling. In the gas phase, i.e. in the flames or in the smoke, the combustible can not be separated from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15594829",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire retardant\"\nFire retardant A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity. This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels. Fire retardants are also available as coatings or sprays to be applied to an object. Fire retardants are commonly used in fire fighting, where they may be applied aerially",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661538",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\ndisplaces the oxygen (the volume of water vapor is 1,700 times greater than liquid water, at it expands over 4,000 times). This leaves the fire without enough of the combustive agent, and it dies out. The vaporization of water also absorbs heat; it thereby cools the smoke, air, walls, and objects that could act as further fuel, and thus prevents one of the means by which fires grow, which is by \"\"jumping\"\" to nearby heat/fuel sources to start new fires, which then combine. Water extinguishment is thus a combination of \"\"asphyxia\"\" (cutting off the oxygen supply) and cooling. The flame",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7224879",
"chunk_text": "Pyrolysis\ntheir embalming process, the ancient Egyptians used methanol, which they obtained from the pyrolysis of wood. The dry distillation of wood remained the major source of methanol into the early 20th Century. Pyrolysis Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere. It involves the change of chemical composition and is irreversible. The word is coined from the Greek-derived elements \"\"pyro\"\" \"\"fire\"\" and \"\"lysis\"\" \"\"separating\"\". Pyrolysis is most commonly used to the treatment of organic materials. It is one of the processes involved in charring wood. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces volatile products",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5615207",
"chunk_text": "\"Ventilation (firefighting)\"\nreduce smoke infiltration into those spaces. When glass windows in a burning structure burst from internal pressure and heat, or the fire burns through the roof, it may be said to have \"\"auto-ventilated\"\" or \"\"self-ventilated.\"\" Ventilation (firefighting) Ventilation is a part of structural firefighting tactics, and involves the expulsion of heat and smoke from a burning building, permitting the firefighters to more easily and safely find trapped individuals and attack the fire. If a large fire is not properly ventilated, not only will it be much harder to fight, but it could also build up enough poorly burned smoke to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14762183",
"chunk_text": "\"Suppressive fire\"\nSuppressive fire In military science, suppressive fire (commonly called covering fire) is \"\"fire that degrades the performance of an enemy force below the level needed to fulfill its mission\"\". \"\"Suppression is usually only effective for the duration of the fire\"\". It is one of three types of fire support, which is defined by NATO as \"\"the application of fire, coordinated with the maneuver of forces, to destroy, neutralize or suppress the enemy.\"\" Before NATO defined the term, the British and Commonwealth armies generally used \"\"neutralization\"\" with the same definition as suppression. NATO now defines neutralization as \"\"fire delivered to render",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661545",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nvapor sky\"\", which prevents \"\"roll-over\"\" (rolls of flames on the ceiling created by hot burning gases). Only short pulses of water need to be sprayed, otherwise the spraying modifies the equilibrium, and the gases mix instead of remaining stratified: the hot gases (initially at the ceiling) move around the room, and the temperature rises at the ground, which is dangerous for firefighters. An alternative is to cool all the atmosphere by spraying the whole atmosphere as if drawing letters in the air (\"\"penciling\"\"). Modern methods for extinguishing an urban fire dictate the use of a massive initial water flow, e.g.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3652312",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire triangle\"\ndevice). There are also many other ways to bring sufficient activation energy including electricity, radiation, and pressure, all of which will lead to a temperature rise. In most cases, heat production enables self-sustainability of the reaction, and enables a chain reaction to grow. The temperature at which a liquid produces sufficient vapor to get a flammable mix with self-sustainable combustion is called its flash-point. To stop a combustion reaction, one of the three elements of the fire-triangle has to be removed. Without sufficient heat, a fire cannot begin, and it cannot continue. Heat can be removed by the application of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11062650",
"chunk_text": "Fire\nFire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition. Fire is hot because the conversion of the weak double bond in molecular oxygen, O, to the stronger bonds in the combustion products carbon dioxide and water releases energy (418 kJ per 32 g of O); the bond energies of the fuel play only a minor role here. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are produced. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5014815",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire triangle\"\noxidizer, and the only possible action consists of cooling down. In this case, water droplets are evaporated in the gas phase, thereby lowering the temperature and adding water vapour making the gas mixture non combustible. This requires droplets of a size less than about 0.2 mm. In fire fighting, this is referred to as gas cooling or smoke cooling. Cases also exist where the ignition factor is not the activation energy. For example, a smoke explosion is a very violent combustion of unburned gases contained in the smoke created by a sudden fresh air input (oxidizer input). The interval in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1637481",
"chunk_text": "Fire\napply if oxygen is supplied to the fire by some process other than thermal convection. Fire can be extinguished by removing any one of the elements of the fire tetrahedron. Consider a natural gas flame, such as from a stove-top burner. The fire can be extinguished by any of the following: In contrast, fire is intensified by increasing the overall rate of combustion. Methods to do this include balancing the input of fuel and oxidizer to stoichiometric proportions, increasing fuel and oxidizer input in this balanced mix, increasing the ambient temperature so the fire's own heat is better able to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661543",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nfurther away, and endanger the lives of people, including the firefighters. When a fire spreads beyond the building of its origin and spreads throughout the neighborhood, it is called a “conflagration.” Today, a conflagration is a large fire that is beyond the capability of the fire service to contain. The volume of the fire must be cooled before its seat is attacked. This strategy, originally of Swedish origin (Mats Rosander & Krister Giselsson), was adapted by London Fire Officer Paul Grimwood following a decade of operational use in the busy West End of London between 1984 and 1994 and termed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16845008",
"chunk_text": "Wildfire\ncommon and inexpensive technique is controlled burning, intentionally igniting smaller fires to minimize the amount of flammable material available for a potential wildfire. Vegetation may be burned periodically to maintain high species diversity and limit the accumulation of plants and other debris that may serve as fuel. Wildland fire use is the cheapest and most ecologically appropriate policy for many forests. Fuels may also be removed by logging, but fuels treatments and thinning have no effect on severe fire behavior when under extreme weather conditions. Wildfire itself is reportedly \"\"the most effective treatment for reducing a fire's rate of spread,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661554",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nmay accelerate the fire, or even create a flash-over; for example, if the smoke and the heat accumulate in a dead end. Hydraulic ventilation is the process of directing a stream of water from the inside of a structure out the window using a fog pattern. This will effectively pull smoke out of room. Smoke ejectors may also be used for this purpose. In the US, fires are sometimes categorized as \"\"one alarm\"\", \"\"all hands\"\", \"\"two alarm\"\", \"\"three alarm\"\" (or higher) fires. There is no standard definition for what this means quantifiably; though, it always refers to the level of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661553",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nto safely attack the fire\"\" as well as limit smoke, heat, and water damage. Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) consists of using a fan to create excess pressure in a part of the building. This pressure pushes the smoke and heat out of the building, and thus facilitates rescue and fire fighting operations. It is necessary to have an exit for the smoke, to know the building layout well to predict where the smoke will go, and to ensure that the doors ensuring the ventilation remain open by wedging or propping them. The main risk of this method is that it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9119553",
"chunk_text": "\"Controlled burn\"\nControlled burn A controlled or prescribed burn, also known as hazard reduction burning, backfire, swailing, or a burn-off, is a wildfire set intentionally for purposes of forest management, farming, prairie restoration or greenhouse gas abatement. A controlled burn may also refer to the intentional burning of slash and fuels through burn piles. Fire is a natural part of both forest and grassland ecology and controlled fire can be a tool for foresters. Hazard reduction or controlled burning is conducted during the cooler months to reduce fuel buildup and decrease the likelihood of serious hotter fires. Controlled burning stimulates the germination",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661544",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nthe three-dimensional or 3D attack. Use of a diffuse spray was first proposed by Chief Lloyd Layman of the Parkersburg Fire Department, at the 1950 Fire Department Instructors Conference (FDIC) held in Memphis. Using Grimwood's modified 3D attack strategy, the ceiling is first sprayed with short pulses of a diffuse spray. This cools the smoke which is then less likely to start a fire when it moves away. As gas cools it becomes denser (Charles's law); thus, it also reduces the mobility of the smoke and avoids a \"\"backfire\"\" of water vapor. Also, the diffuse spray creates an inert \"\"water",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13169909",
"chunk_text": "Pyrography\nPyrography Pyrography or pyrogravure is the art of decorating wood or other materials with burn marks resulting from the controlled application of a heated object such as a poker. It is also known as pokerwork or wood burning. The term means \"\"writing with fire\"\", from the Greek \"\"pur\"\" (fire) and \"\"graphos\"\" (writing). It can be practiced using specialized modern pyrography tools, or using a metal implement heated in a fire, or even sunlight concentrated with a magnifying lens. \"\"Pyrography dates from the 17th century and reached its highest standard in the 19th century. In its crude form it is pokerwork.\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11539394",
"chunk_text": "\"Stop, drop and roll\"\nStop, drop and roll Stop, drop and roll is a simple fire safety technique taught to children, emergency service personnel and industrial workers as a component of health and safety training in English-speaking North America, and most other English-speaking countries. It involves three steps a fire victim should follow to minimize injury in the event their clothing catches fire. Stop, drop and roll consists of three components. The effectiveness of stop, drop and roll may be further enhanced by combining it with other firefighting techniques, including the use of a fire extinguisher, dousing with water, or fire beating one's skin.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "397776",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire sprinkler system\"\nare often omitted from closets, bathrooms, balconies, garages and attics because a fire in these areas would not usually impact the occupant's escape route. If water damage or water volume is of particular concern, a technique called \"\"Water Mist Fire Suppression\"\" may be an alternative. This technology has been under development for over 50 years. It hasn't entered general use, but is gaining some acceptance on ships and in a few residential applications. Mist suppression systems work by using the heat of the fire to 'flash' the water mist cloud to steam. This then smothers the fire. As such, mist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "928918",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire breathing\"\nFire breathing Fire breathing is the act of making a plume or stream of fire by creating a precise mist of fuel from the mouth over an open flame. Regardless of the precautions taken, it is always a dangerous activity, but the proper technique and the correct fuel reduces the risk of injury or death. Fire breathing is performed by both professionals and non-professionals. Professional fire breathers usually incorporate the fire performance skill within a show where other fire skills are performed. The element of danger in performing fire breathing and other fire skills enhances the entertainment spectacle for many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "606221",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire making\"\nFire making Fire making, fire lighting or fire craft is the process of starting a fire artificially. It requires completing the fire triangle, usually by heating tinder above its autoignition temperature. Fire is an essential tool for survival and was important in early human cultural development. Today, it is a key component of Scouting and bushcraft. Fires start from increasing tinder's temperature until it combusts. Tinder is a material that combusts first (as an ember or flame) and in doing so heats other material (heavier tinder, twigs, kindling, etc.) until it burns (as a flame). Fine tinder is characterized by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14927789",
"chunk_text": "Conflagration\nof structures and attempts to escape, and smoke inhalation. Firefighting is the practice of attempting to extinguish a conflagration, protect life and property, and minimize damage and injury. One of the goals of fire prevention is to avoid conflagrations. When a conflagration is extinguished, there is often a fire investigation to determine the cause of the fire. During a conflagration a significant movement of air and combustion products occurs. Hot gaseous products of combustion move upward, causing the influx of more dense cold air to the combustion zone. Sometimes, the influx is so intense that the fire grows into a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9995462",
"chunk_text": "\"Gaseous fire suppression\"\nGaseous fire suppression Gaseous fire suppression, also called clean agent fire suppression, is a term to describe the use of inert gases and chemical agents to extinguish a fire. These agents are governed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems – NFPA 2001 in the US, with different standards and regulations in other parts of the world. The system typically consists of the agent, agent storage containers, agent release valves, fire detectors, fire detection system (wiring control panel, actuation signaling), agent delivery piping, and agent dispersion nozzles. Less typically, the agent may be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661557",
"chunk_text": "Firefighting\nsecond alarm for another. Response always depends on the size of the fire and the department. Firefighting Firefighting is the act of attempting to prevent the spread of and extinguish significant unwanted fires in buildings, vehicles, woodlands, etc. A firefighter suppresses fires to protect lives, property and the environment. Firefighters typically undergo a high degree of technical training. This involves structural firefighting and wildland firefighting. Specialized training includes aircraft firefighting, shipboard firefighting, aerial firefighting, maritime firefighting, and proximity firefighting. One of the major hazards associated with firefighting operations is the toxic environment created by combustible materials. The four major risks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4129037",
"chunk_text": "Campfire\nmore water is added if necessary. When the fire is fully extinguished, the ashes are cool to the touch. If water is scarce, sand is used to deprive the fire of oxygen. Sand works well, but is less effective than water at absorbing heat. Once the fire is covered thoroughly with sand, water is then added over the fire. When winter or \"\"ice\"\" camping with an inch or more of snow on the ground, neither of the above protocols are necessary—simply douse visible flames before leaving. Finally, in lightly used wilderness areas, the area around the campfire is cleaned up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8511178",
"chunk_text": "Fire\nBoard. Presently, the California Contractors State License Board has no specific classification for \"\"water and fire damage restoration.\"\" Hence, the Contractor's State License Board requires both an asbestos certification (ASB) as well as a demolition classification (C-21) in order to perform Fire and Water Restoration work. Fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition. Fire is hot because the conversion of the weak double bond in molecular oxygen, O, to the stronger",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10652146",
"chunk_text": "\"Cutting extinguisher\"\nremains in a protected position outside. Cutting extinguisher The use of a cutting extinguisher is a fire extinguishing technique that combines abrasive waterjet cutting with water spray extinguishing, through a single handpiece or nozzle. The fire-fighter approaches the fire from outside the main fire area, then uses the cutting action to drill a small hole through a door or wall. Switching to a water spray then allows the fire to be fought, as with a conventional fog nozzle. The main advantages of this system are in increased safety for the fire-fighter, as they may remain outside the most hazardous area.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11039136",
"chunk_text": "\"Escape fire\"\nEscape fire An escape fire is a fire lit to clear an area of vegetation in the face of an approaching wildfire when no escape exists. Unlike backfires, escape fires are not attempts to control – let alone stop – a wildfire. Like a backfire, it works by depriving an approaching primary fire of fuel so that when the primary fire reaches where the escape fire started the primary fire cannot continue; there is nothing there to burn. The technique had been described in James Fenimore Cooper's 1827 novel \"\"The Prairie\"\" but became well-known only after the Mann Gulch fire.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_404
|
the witch and the hundred knight 2 us release?
|
n/a
|
[
"March 27, 2018",
"March 2018"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9063450",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nthe PlayStation 4 was chosen as platform for the game because \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight Revival\"\", an enhanced port of the original game for the system, was well received. A Winter 2017 release was announced at the same time. Later that month, the February 23 release date was revealed. The game will be released in North America and Europe in March 2018. \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\" received a 33/40 score in issue 1472 of Famitsu upon its Japanese release. Commercially, the game was not as successful in Japan as its predecessor. According to Media Create,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1858975",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\nto other titles. There was talk, early in development, about making it an open world game, but instead NIS chose to focus on the 3D graphics technology. The development team has been working on the action part of the game and reducing load times, and the open world were scrapped. \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\" was originally scheduled for release in Japan on June 28, 2012, but was later pushed back to an indefinite 2013 release date, and was eventually released on July 25, 2013. The game was released in Europe on March 21, 2014, and in North America",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9063451",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nonly 13,421 physical copies of the game were sold during the week of release, compared to 49,209 copies in the week of launch of the first game for PlayStation 3 in 2013. \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\" was met with a mixed reception upon its western release, holding an average critic score of 61 out of 100 on Metacritic, based on 24 reviews. Most reviewers criticised the game's pacing, repetitiveness, and lack of innovation and improvements on the first game. The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2 \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\" is an action role-playing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8193197",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nThe Witch and the Hundred Knight 2 \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\" is an action role-playing game with a top-down isometric view. Players fight their way through a variety of levels as Hundred Knight, a magical creature that can be equipped with five types of weapons: swords, hammers, staffs, lances, and spears. Each weapon type differs in attack range, speed, and motion. By changing the order of use, players create many different combos. The world of Kevala is corrupted by the Witch Disease, an illness developed in children under age 10. Its cause is unknown. A third eye",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9063449",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nRangda's illusions and Chelka destroys Rangda herself. They realize that Rangda created the cycle and isolated the world from the multiverse to prevent the godlike interdimensional being, Niike, from destroying it as he did once before. Chelka decides to return the world to the multiverse, and all the other characters, living and dead, are reborn in a new world as non-witches. \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\" was first revealed in May 2015 through a short video in which Nippon Ichi Software confirmed that the game was in development. In October 2016, director Kenta Asano told Dengeki PlayStation that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1858976",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\non March 25, 2014. There is both a regular and limited edition version of the game. The limited edition comes with a 44-page hardcover visual book, a Metallia Nendoroid Petit figurine, and the game’s soundtrack on two discs. On Gamerankings, The Witch and the Hundred Knight has an aggregate score of 56.41% based on 39 Reviews on PS3, and 62.40% based on 15 Reviews on PS4. Cubed3 awarded \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\" 6/10, praising the \"\"awesomely dark\"\" main character Metallia, but noted there were some gripes in the gameplay, including repetitive exploration and unreliable camera angles. A major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19520592",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary and the Witch's Flower\"\nMay 1, 2018. Madman Entertainment released the film on DVD and Blu-ray in Australia and New Zealand on July 4, 2018. Altitude Film Distribution released the film on DVD, Blu-ray and a Blu-ray Steelbook in the United Kingdom on September 10, 2018. \"\"Mary and The Witch's Flower\"\" grossed $2.4 million in the United States and Canada, and $38.6 million in other territories (including $27.6 million in Japan, $3.8 million in South Korea, $2.9 million in China and $2.6 million in France), for a worldwide total of $41 million. In Japan, the film opened at second place, grossing ¥428 million ($3.9",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "169904",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\nThe Witch and the Hundred Knight The game's story revolves around Metallia, a powerful swamp witch who summons the legendary Hundred Knight in order to defeat her rival, the Forest Witch Malia, and cover the world in swamp mud. The game received mixed reception from critics, who praised the unconventional story but faulted the game for various gameplay and technical issues, including a game-breaking bug. \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\" is an action RPG played from a top-down isometric view. The player character, the Hundred Knight, can equip up to 5 weapons and cycle through them to create combos.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16224651",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch (2015 film)\"\nso the studios decided to give the film a wide theatrical release in the United States, on February 19, 2016. The film was released on Blu-ray and digital HD on May 17, 2016 in the USA. The discs' extras include outtakes, audio commentary, a documentary—\"\"The Witch: A Primal Folktale\"\", which summarizes the cast and crew's making of the film—and a 30-minute question-and-answer session filmed in Salem, Massachusetts featuring director Eggers, lead actress Anya Taylor-Joy, and historians Richard Trask and Brunonia Barry. \"\"The Witch\"\" grossed $25.1 million in the United States and Canada and $15.3 million in other territories for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5965891",
"chunk_text": "\"Season of the Witch (2011 film)\"\nAssociation of America, citing \"\"thematic elements, violence, and disturbing content\"\". The studio edited the film and re-submitted it to the MPAA in November 2010 for a new rating. The MPAA gave the film the same rating and reason for it as before. The film had its world premiere in New York City on January 4, 2011. The film was released commercially on January 7, 2011 in several territories. Pre-release polling had indicated young men were the core demographic for the film, though more women than expected expressed interest in the film. Experts anticipated that the film would gross US$10–12 million",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9458212",
"chunk_text": "\"The Good Witch's Family\"\nunder different names. It aired in Spain as \"\"El hechizo de la dama gris\"\" (The spell of the Lady Grey), in Italy as \"\"Una nuova vita per Cassie\"\" (A new life for Cassie), and in France as \"\"Le jardin des merveilles\"\" and \"\"Un mariage féerique\"\". Though released in the United States on October 29, 2011, it aired on August 5 2011 in the United Kingdom and on October 16, 2011 in Spain. Following US airings, it aired in Italy in December 2011 and in Belgium in February 2012. \"\"The Oklahoman\"\" remarked that in her recurring role of Casandra Nightingale in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16635744",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch: Part 1. The Subversion\"\nWitch: Part 1. The Subversion\"\" is lean at two hours, but in cramming so much into the narrative it stumbles over itself on more than one occasion; it very often forgets its own internal logic and drags the final showdown out to the breaking point.\"\" Rafael Motamayor of \"\"Flickering Myth\"\" rated the film 4 out of 5 and wrote, \"\"Despite trying to cram too much plot, the film's atmospheric score, action sequences and visuals keep you invested in the story and what comes next.\"\" The film opened in South Korea on June 27, 2018. During its debut weekend, the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9063444",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nappears on the forehead of those infected with the Witch Disease, and when the eye opens they awaken as a witch. A girl named Amalie lives in a remote village after she lost her parents to a witch. Her younger sister Milm is the only family she has left. One day, Milm suddenly disappears and Amalie eagerly searches for her. When she is about to give up, Milm shows up again, covered in mud and with the witch's eye on her forehead. Upon the beginning of the game's events, Milm is seen being operated on by the Weiss Ritter, an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15481630",
"chunk_text": "\"The Conjuring 2\"\nat a cinema in Tiruvannamalai, India. \"\"The Conjuring 2\"\" was released as a digital download on August 30, 2016, and on DVD and Blu-ray on September 13, 2016. Bonus features include behind the scenes footage, featurettes, and deleted scenes. \"\"The Conjuring 2\"\" became a huge financial success like its predecessor, grossing $102.5 million in the United States and Canada and $217.9 million in other territories for a worldwide total gross of $320.4 million. Although it earned less in North America than the first film, it fared better internationally and overall, making 0.5% more than the first film. The film was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8802517",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witches (1990 film)\"\non the urging of Jim Henson. The movie was slated to be distributed by Lorimar but when the company dissolved their theatrical distribution operation, it wound up sitting on the shelf for more than a year after filming was completed. The movie premiered on 25 May 1990, in London and was scheduled to open the same day in the United States, but following Florida test screenings earlier that year Warner Bros. delayed the American release until August. The film took in $10,360,553 in the United States and 266,782 in Germany. Warner Home Video first released the film on VHS in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9540690",
"chunk_text": "\"Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters\"\nLegacy\"\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene. It premiered in North America on January 25, 2013, in 2D, 3D, and IMAX 3D, as well in D-Box motion theaters and select international 4DX theaters, and was rated R in the United States. The film had its home media release on June 11, including a longer, unrated version on Blu-ray. The film was panned by mainstream critics; the critical consensus on Rotten Tomatoes says that it \"\"fails as both a fantasy adventure and as a parody of same\"\". The film topped the United States box office on its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19520590",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary and the Witch's Flower\"\nwithin Australia and New Zealand, and would premiere the film theatrically at Madman Anime Festival in Melbourne on November 5, 2017, with a wider release on January 18, 2018. GKIDS later announced that it would distribute the film within North America, with a one-week Oscar qualifying run on December 1, 2017, a limited opening on January 18, 2018, and a wider release on January 19, 2018. Altitude (the UK distributor) confirmed in early March 2018 that the film will have a special holding at selected Vue Cinemas on April 10, 2018 before it's official UK wide release on May 4,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "70401",
"chunk_text": "\"The Conjuring 2\"\nwho are experiencing poltergeist activity at their Enfield council house in 1977 which later became referred to as the Enfield Poltergeist. \"\"The Conjuring 2\"\" was released in the United States on June 10, 2016. The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed over $320 million worldwide. A spin-off prequel, \"\"The Nun\"\", was released on September 7, 2018, and a third \"\"Conjuring\"\" film is in development. In 1976, paranormal investigators Ed and Lorraine Warren document the Amityville murders at the Amityville house, to determine if a demonic presence was truly responsible for Ronald DeFeo Jr. killing his entire family on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3470854",
"chunk_text": "\"The Gate II: Trespassers\"\nin the US on February 28, 1992, and grossed $2 million. The film was released on VHS in the US later in 1992 by Columbia Tristar Home Video. In October 2017, Scream Factory announced their intention to release \"\"The Gate II\"\" on Blu-ray on February 20, 2018. Kevin Thomas of the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" wrote that the film \"\"doesn't generate as much fun and excitement as the original\"\", but it is likely to enjoyed by fans of \"\"The Gate\"\". \"\"TV Guide\"\" rated it 2/4 stars and called it \"\"an extended, updated riff\"\" on traditional fairy tales about the dangers of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19520595",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary and the Witch's Flower\"\nthe film \"\"isn't quite a masterpiece\"\" and \"\"the screenplay needs a polish\"\", she concluded that the film is \"\"a joy to look at: a visual adventure, and a continuation of a remarkable legacy\"\". Mary and the Witch's Flower The film tells a story of a girl named Mary Smith who finds \"\"fly-by-night\"\", a mysterious flower that can give her the power to become a witch for only one night. The film was released in Japan on 8 July 2017. In the English-language version of the film, which was concurrently released with a subtitled version in the United States on 19",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11390745",
"chunk_text": "\"Incredibles 2\"\nprose novel was released entitled \"\"Incredibles 2: A Real Stretch: An Elastigirl Prequel Story\"\", which focuses on the life of the character Elastigirl before the events of the first film. A Lego video game adaptation of both films was released on the same day as \"\"Incredibles 2\"\". \"\"Incredibles 2\"\" was released on digital copy on October 23, 2018, and on 4K UHD Blu-ray, Blu-ray, and DVD on November 6, 2018. \"\"Incredibles 2\"\" has grossed $608.6 million in the United States and Canada, and $633.3 million in other territories, for a total worldwide gross of $1.242 billion. On July 1, 2018,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18713724",
"chunk_text": "\"Alone in the Dark II (film)\"\nforced to come back to fight his old nemesis, a century-old dangerous witch out on the prowl again. This time, Lundberg joins forces with Edward Carnby (Rick Yune) and they attempt to track down the dangerous witch Elisabeth Dexter (Allison Lange). The film was released in Germany on September 25, 2008, in the United Kingdom on July 27, 2009 and in the United States on January 26, 2010. An American Blu-ray release is sold exclusively by Best Buy. Reviewing the film for \"\"IGN\"\", R.L. Shaffer wrote: \"\"Uwe Boll's \"\"Alone in the Dark\"\" did not require a sequel. Critics hated the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19520579",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary and the Witch's Flower\"\nMary and the Witch's Flower The film tells a story of a girl named Mary Smith who finds \"\"fly-by-night\"\", a mysterious flower that can give her the power to become a witch for only one night. The film was released in Japan on 8 July 2017. In the English-language version of the film, which was concurrently released with a subtitled version in the United States on 19 January 2018, the film features the voices of Ruby Barnhill, Kate Winslet, and Jim Broadbent. The film begins when a magic laboratory has caught fire. A red-haired girl slips away with a satchel,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16172092",
"chunk_text": "\"Insidious: The Last Key\"\nThe Last Key\"\" was released on January 5, 2018. The film was then released a week later on January 12, 2018, in the United Kingdom. \"\"Insidious: The Last Key\"\" has grossed $67.6 million in the United States and Canada, and $100.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $167.7 million, against a production budget of $10 million. It is the highest grossing film in the franchise, surpassing the second installment's $161 million, and the first film of the series to gross $100 million overseas. In the United States and Canada, \"\"Insidious: The Last Key\"\" was released alongside the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9888194",
"chunk_text": "\"Descendants 2\"\nit was announced on \"\"The View\"\" that Whoopi Goldberg would be providing the voice for Ursula, the Sea Witch and Uma's mother. \"\"Descendants 2\"\" made its debut on Disney Channel in Canada on July 21, 2017, at the same time as the United States. In the United States, the film premiered simultaneously across six-Disney owned networks: Disney Channel, Disney XD, Freeform, ABC, Lifetime, and Lifetime Movies. On Disney Channel, the film premiered alongside the world premiere of \"\"Raven's Home\"\", which premiered immediately after. In the UK, the film premiered on Disney Channel and Disney XD on October 20, 2017. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18077715",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Witch\"\nAfter premiering at the 1999 Sundance Film Festival, the film was released on 30 July 1999 after months of publicity during a controversial promotional campaign. The film went on to be a massive commercial success, and a sequel, \"\"\"\", was released on October 27, 2000. A second official sequel, \"\"Blair Witch\"\", was released on September 16, 2016. Series of video games, books, novels and comic books were released to accompany the films. The backstory for the movie is a faux legend fabricated by Sánchez and Myrick which is detailed in \"\"The Curse of the Blair Witch\"\", a mockumentary broadcast on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8245109",
"chunk_text": "\"John Wick: Chapter 2\"\npremiered in Los Angeles on January 30, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States on February 10, 2017. The film was met with positive reviews from critics, attaining praise for the action sequences, direction, editing, visual style, pacing and the performances of the cast, especially Keanu Reeves as John Wick. The film grossed $171.5 million worldwide, over four times its $40 million budget and nearly twice the $88 million gross of the original film. A sequel, titled \"\"\"\", is set to be released on May 17, 2019. Four days after the events of the first film, former assassin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1858974",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\nversion of himself), and then finally Aguni, who morphs into a twisted monster in her rage at seeing Niike killed. After this, Metallia finds Visco's soul, and despite Visco's wishes, sacrifices herself to revive Visco. The Hundred Knight, however, presents a seed that they use to eventually revive Metallia again. Development on \"\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\" began around April 2010, while it was expected to be complete in one or one-and-a-half years, the game was delayed over time because of many issues. NIS claimed they did not want the graphics or visuals of the game to look inferior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1861486",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\nbug that spontaneously occurs at seemingly any time, forcing the game to return to the PS3 system menu - losing all unsaved progress in the process - is also a factor in the game not being received more favourably. The \"\"Revival Edition\"\" on PlayStation 4 fared better, scoring 7/10, with Cubed3 praising the changes that improved the game and made it more accessible, whilst seemingly removing or reducing the rate of the crash bug. The Witch and the Hundred Knight The game's story revolves around Metallia, a powerful swamp witch who summons the legendary Hundred Knight in order to defeat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1858968",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight\"\nbe far smaller and weaker than she envisioned, but it does have the ability to release \"\"Pillars\"\" that have sealed in the swamp. She sends the Hundred Knight out on a mission to release all Pillars and spread the swamp across the world to extend her power and reach. The Hundred Knight defeats Malia and Metallia curses her into a mouse despite learning that she was her \"\"mother\"\". Afterwards, she encounters Visco, a princess who has been cursed to look like a dog and desires Malia's help. Metallia tricks Visco into joining her, but is unable to cure Visco's curse.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4486311",
"chunk_text": "\"Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween\"\naccidentally releasing monsters, demons and creatures from the \"\"Goosebumps\"\" franchise in their town after opening an unpublished \"\"Goosebumps\"\" manuscript titled \"\"Haunted Halloween\"\", causing a wave of destruction on Halloween night. Unlike the previous installment, Village Roadshow Pictures was not involved with the film. \"\"Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween\"\" was released in the United States on October 12, 2018 by Sony Pictures Releasing, under its Columbia Pictures label. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $92 million worldwide against its $35 million budget. Teenager Sarah Quinn (Madison Iseman) lives with her mother Kathy (Wendi McLendon-Covey) and younger brother",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20994336",
"chunk_text": "\"Certain Kind of Magic\"\n\"\"Flying Octopus\"\" was released on July 19, 2018 through Rezz's YouTube channel. To promote \"\"Certain Kind of Magic\"\", the album's three singles were released through the months of June and July until its release. Its lead single, \"\"Witching hour\"\" was released on June 4, 2018, \"\"Hex\"\" on June 29, 2018, and \"\"Flying Octopus\"\" on 19 July 2018. On August 3, 2018, the album was released exclusively as a digital download on international digital stores through Mau5trap. After the album's official release, Rezz began her North American \"\"Certain Kind of Magic Tour\"\" on August 2, 2018. \"\"Certain Kind of Magic\"\" was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6902348",
"chunk_text": "\"Skulduggery Pleasant\"\ntenth \"\"Skulduggery Pleasant\"\" book was released on 1 June 2017, titled \"\"Resurrection\"\", as the start of a second series. Twelve-year-old Stephanie Edgley is tired of her boring and miserable life. But when a mysterious man breaks into her recently inherited uncle's house and tries to kill her, she is saved by a funny, arrogant, fireball-throwing, 400-year-old detective that goes by the name of Skulduggery Pleasant, who just so happens to be a walking, talking skeleton, and she is pulled with him to a secret world of danger, murder and magic. Later in the book, taking the new name of Valkyrie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6853236",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Witch (film)\"\nscreening, with io9 reporting that the initial theater for the screening was filled with posters for the fake film. After the screening (during which audiences realized that the film was a sequel), all the promotional material in the theater was changed to reflect the film's actual title. The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 11, 2016 and was theatrically released on September 16, 2016. \"\"Blair Witch\"\" grossed $20.8 million in North America and $24.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $45.2 million, against a production budget of $5 million. In the United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19520591",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary and the Witch's Flower\"\n2018. The English dub of Mary and The Witch's Flower (starring Ruby Barnhill, Kate Winslet, Jim Broadbent) was directed by Giles New and produced by Geoffrey Wexler. The English dub was recorded in July and August 2017 in London, and had its premiere in Los Angeles on October 23, 2017 at the GKIDS \"\"Animation is Film\"\" festival. The movie was released on DVD, Blu-ray, Digital HD and 4K Ultra HD by Walt Disney Japan on March 20, 2018. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in North America by GKIDS' main home media distributor Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "548034",
"chunk_text": "\"A Discovery of Witches (TV series)\"\nsecond and a third series. The programme premiered in the UK on Sky One on 14 September 2018 with its first series of eight episode. Streaming on NOW TV also started on that date after each episode was broadcast. The international distribution of the programme is handled by Sky Vision. The programme received positive reviews from critics, who praised the adaptation, the production and the performances of the cast. On Rotten Tomatoes, it holds a 100% approval rating based on 5 reviews. In October 2018, \"\"A Discovery of Witches\"\" was nominated for Best New Drama in the National Television Awards.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12281054",
"chunk_text": "\"Strike Witches\"\nvolume on December 26, and the fifth volume on January 30, 2009. The anime has been licensed by Funimation Entertainment and was released on March 30, 2010. A second series entitled \"\"Strike Witches 2\"\" was produced by AIC and aired between July 7, 2010 and September 23, 2010. This season has also been acquired by Funimation Entertainment and was simulcasted on their video portal, with an intended home video release in September 2011. The release was held back until October 2, 2012. Manga Entertainment released the series in the United Kingdom on September 24, 2012. A three part OVA series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9063446",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch and the Hundred Knight 2\"\nto the surface. The Hundred Knight's exploits defeating the witch Isabel are credited to Amalie, causing her to become a Holy Valkyrie. However, when Amalie realizes that the Valkyries are murdering the children with the Witch Disease that the WR cannot operate on, she starts to doubt her mission. She is sent to defeat Prim, the world's strongest witch, which the Hundred Knight does successfully, but they find records of misdeeds by the WR in Prim's castle. This leads Amalie to infiltrate the WR and discover that they have been covering up the fact that there is no cure for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16784431",
"chunk_text": "\"Ni no Kuni: Wrath of the White Witch\"\nwhile features such as artwork, graphics and specifications all received significant changes. Journalists noted that the game's announcement ignited widespread anticipation within the gaming industry. To spur pre-order game sales, Namco Bandai collaborated with several retail outlets to provide a special edition version of the game, with extra features and content. The \"\"Wizard's Edition\"\" includes a unique case packaging, the Wizard's Companion book, a Drippy plush doll, as well as exclusive downloadable content. The game was originally released in Japan on November 17, 2011, and in Western regions in early 2013: on January 22 in North America, January 31 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16630781",
"chunk_text": "\"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\"\nwho note that the film \"\"contains moderate threat, injury detail and language\"\", becoming the only \"\"Harry Potter\"\" film to receive a warning for \"\"injury detail\"\". At midnight 15 July, \"\"Part 2\"\" screened in 3,800 cinemas. In the United States, it played in 4,375 cinemas, 3,100 3D cinemas and 274 IMAX cinemas, the widest release for an IMAX, 3D and a \"\"Harry Potter\"\" film. \"\"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\"\" was released on 11 November 2011 in the United States in four formats: a one-disc standard DVD, a two-disc standard DVD special edition, a one-disc standard Blu-ray, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19676380",
"chunk_text": "\"Wizard of Legend\"\nfire, earth, and ice), and a final boss. The game was subject to a Kickstarter in June 2016, raising $72,681 from the $50,000 goal. \"\"Wizard of Legend\"\" was released simultaneously on Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch, and Xbox One on May 15, 2018. The game received generally favourable reviews upon its release in May 2018, holding a score of 76/100 on Metacritic. Kevin McClusky of \"\"Destructoid\"\" awarded it 6/10, saying \"\"Spell effects are beautifully animated, and combat feels fluid and entertaining.\"\" but criticised frame skips on the Nintendo Switch edition of the game. Dominic Tarason of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2446608",
"chunk_text": "\"John Wick: Chapter 2\"\nwritten by Cantrell from the perspective of Keanu Reeves' character. \"\"John Wick: Chapter 2\"\" premiered at Arclight Hollywood in Los Angeles on January 30, 2017 and was theatrically released in the United States on February 10, 2017 by Summit Entertainment. In the United Kingdom, the film was granted a 15 certificate by the British Board of Film Classification, after 23 seconds of a bloody injury within a suicide scene were removed to avoid an 18 rating. The film opened in UK cinemas on February 17, 2017 and was distributed by Warner Bros., with co-production from Lionsgate studio Summit Entertainment. Australia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10796426",
"chunk_text": "\"Neverwinter Nights 2\"\nOctober 17, 2006 and was released on October 31 in the United States, on November 3 in Europe, and on November 16 in Australia. The Electron toolset was available early for consumers who pre-ordered the game through GameStop or Best Buy, as well as exclusive class-specific special items. Alongside the standard version, Atari also published a special edition. The United States and Australia \"\"Limited Edition\"\" contained several physical items like a cloth map depicting the Sword Coast, as well as in-game benefits like the \"\"Blessed of Waukeen\"\" feat that grants players a bonus to saving throws. The Europe special edition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5841061",
"chunk_text": "\"Susan Dennard\"\nwhile trying to elude the search of Aeduan, a bloodwitch sellsword trained as a Carawen monk. The story follows these four characters as they try to find their paths and stay alive. The second book, \"\"Windwitch\"\", was published in January 2017. The cover for \"\"Windwitch\"\" was released online through \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" on May 3, 2016, along with an excerpt. Truthwitch is scheduled for release in German under the title \"\"Schwestern der Wahrheit\"\" on August 22, 2016, with an alternate cover style. It debuted at No. 2 in the \"\"New York Times\"\" bestseller List. She also contributed to \"\"Because You Love",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18216569",
"chunk_text": "\"Trine 2\"\nTrine 2 Trine 2 is a side-scrolling, platform and puzzle video game developed by Frozenbyte. It is the sequel to \"\"Trine\"\" and was released on Microsoft Windows, OS X, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360 in December 2011, and later for Linux in March 2012. \"\"Trine 2\"\" allows three players to play the iconic roles of a wizard, a thief, and a knight in a simultaneous cooperative mode. A \"\"Director's Cut\"\" edition was released via the Wii U's eShop on the console's launch day in all regions except Australia and Japan. The game was also released as a launch title for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11757050",
"chunk_text": "\"The Nun (2018 film)\"\nNun\"\" was released in the United States on September 7, 2018, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received generally mixed reviews, with praise for its performances and atmosphere, but criticism for its weak narrative and over-reliance on jump-scares. Despite this, it was a major box office success, grossing $365 million worldwide, thus becoming the highest-grossing film of the series. In 1952 Romania, two Roman Catholic nuns living at the Saint Cartha's monastery are attacked by an unseen force when they enter a tunnel to retrieve an ancient Christian relic. The surviving nun, Sister Victoria, flees from the attacker, a demon appearing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9540729",
"chunk_text": "\"Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters\"\nanti-piracy bust. Prior to its North American premiere, \"\"Hansel and Gretel: Witch Hunters\"\" was first released in Russia on January 17, followed by the releases in Indonesia and the Philippines on January 23, and in several nations across Latin America and South-East Asia on January 24. On the same day (January 25) it was also released in more countries of Latin America, with the other parts of the world following between January 31 and mid-March 2013. The film was also released in the motion effects theaters using 4DX and D-Box motion enhancement technologies. In Mexico, it was the first feature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19481090",
"chunk_text": "\"Wolf Warrior 2\"\nmore than (est. US$30 million) for twelve consecutive days globally (tied with \"\"Star Wars: The Force Awakens\"\"). It has so far grossed a total of (US$716.5 million), which includes online ticketing fees, or around US$768.5 million with online surcharges and is among the top 100 highest-grossing films of all time, unadjusted for inflation. Due to the film's rising popularity and strong holds, analysts believe the film could end up making (US$747 million) to (US$895 million) at the Chinese box office alone. It opened in China on Thursday 27 July 2017, across 19,000+ screens, occupying 42% of the nation's total screens",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6200228",
"chunk_text": "\"Sherlock Gnomes\"\nsuch as \"\"Darkest Hour\"\", \"\"The Disaster Artist\"\", \"\"The Greatest Showman\"\", \"\"The Post\"\", \"\"I, Tonya\"\", \"\"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2\"\", \"\"All the Money in the World\"\", \"\"Wonder Woman\"\", and \"\"The Shape of Water\"\". \"\"Sherlock Gnomes\"\" was released on Digital HD on June 5, 2018, and was released on Blu-ray and DVD on June 12, 2018. \"\"Sherlock Gnomes\"\" has grossed $43.2 million in the United States and Canada, and $47.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $89 million, against a production budget of $59 million. In the United States and Canada, \"\"Sherlock Gnomes\"\" was released alongside \"\"Pacific Rim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12677657",
"chunk_text": "\"Boogeyman 2\"\nversion of the mythical creature. Additionally, emphasis was placed on the writing and atmosphere to compensate for the film's small $4.5 million budget. After screening at the Screamfest Horror Film Festival on October 20, 2007, \"\"Boogeyman 2\"\" was released direct-to-video in the United States on January 8, 2008; it was later released theatrically in Russia and Italy. It received mixed reviews from critics, although many of them considered it to be a general improvement over its predecessor. Attention was especially given to the human-like nature of the Boogeyman in the film, which reviewers felt was preferable to monsters in other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_405
|
who was in dont worry be happy video?
|
n/a
|
[
"Bill Irwin",
"Robin Williams",
"McFerrin"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497711",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nand everything he has ever heard has gone into his brain, from the Mickey Mouse Club theme to the Metropolitan Opera.\"\" The \"\"instruments\"\" in the \"\"a cappella\"\" song are entirely overdubbed voice parts and other sounds made by McFerrin, using no instruments at all; McFerrin also sings with an affected accent. The comedic original music video for the song stars McFerrin, Robin Williams, and Bill Irwin, and is somewhat shorter than the album version. Originally released in conjunction with the film \"\"Cocktail\"\" in 1988, the song originally peaked at No. 88 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The song was re-released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497709",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nDon't Worry, Be Happy \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" is a popular worldwide hit song by musician Bobby McFerrin. Released in September 1988, it became the first \"\"a cappella\"\" song to reach number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, a position it held for two weeks. The Indian mystic and sage Meher Baba (1894–1969) often used the expression \"\"Don't worry, be happy\"\" when cabling his followers in the West. In the 1960s, the expression was printed up on inspirational cards and posters of the era. In 1988, McFerrin noticed a similar poster in the apartment of the jazz duo Tuck",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497715",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nNineties\"\" album in 2009. Reggae artist Cas Haley covered the song as a hidden bonus track on his \"\"Favorites\"\" album (together with former Jah Roots lead singer, Josh Heinrichs). Also in 1989 Dutch rock DJ Alfred Lagarde recorded a version in Dutch with a heavy Surinam accent under the name Johnny Camaro. Spanish Ska band The Locos covered this song in a similar style, ska. Don't Worry, Be Happy \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" is a popular worldwide hit song by musician Bobby McFerrin. Released in September 1988, it became the first \"\"a cappella\"\" song to reach number one on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497714",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nGreek cover of the song with original lyrics, and Montenegrin musician Rambo Amadeus made a parody titled \"\"Don't Happy, Be Worry\"\", as a critique to the optimism of the music scene in the former Yugoslavia in the face of war and economic depression. In addition, the lyrics of \"\"Fight the Power\"\" by hip hop artists Public Enemy refer critically to \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\". A version of this song sung by The Hit Crew is also added into the Big Mouth Billy Bass, a very popular animatronic singing toy. Hermes House Band covered the song on their \"\"Rhythm of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2894664",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry (Madcon song)\"\nSmiley) plummets to Earth and suffers a bad landing. His tablet computer tells him that he is on Earth, and we are \"\"Population: Bored\"\" . The mission of the alien: \"\"Activate Madsmile\"\". Markus Bailey was cast as Mr. Smiley a man from outer space wearing golden shoes and shedding joyful light. Don't Worry (Madcon song) \"\"Don't Worry\"\" is a song by the Norwegian urban duo Madcon featuring vocals from American singer and songwriter Ray Dalton. It was written by Teddy Sky, Johnny Powers Severin and Madcon and was released in Norway as a digital download on 20 February 2015. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497710",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\n& Patti in San Francisco. Inspired by the expression's charm and simplicity, McFerrin wrote the now famous song, which was included in the soundtrack of the movie \"\"Cocktail\"\", and became a hit single the next year. In an interview by Bruce Fessier for \"\"USA Weekend\"\" magazine in 1988 McFerrin said, \"\"Whenever you see a poster of Meher Baba, it usually says 'Don't worry, be happy,' which is a pretty neat philosophy in four words, I think.\"\" Linda Goldstein, the song's producer, said the song gave McFerrin \"\"the freedom to explore,\"\" adding, \"\"He is a man of infinite, unfathomable, boundless voices",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16827122",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Baby (film)\"\nDon't Worry Baby (film) Don't Worry Baby is a 2015 American comedy drama film written and directed by Julian Branciforte. The film stars John Magaro, Christopher McDonald and Dreama Walker. Robert Lang (John Magaro) discovers his father Harry (Christopher McDonald) has a new child with a young girl named Sara-Beth (Dreama Walker) only to discover he also had sex with her shortly before his father did. Robert and Harry become determined to find out who the father of the child is. The film was screened on April 16, 2015 at the Sarasota Film Festiva and wide released on July 22,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7431213",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song)\"\nDon't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song) \"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" is a pop song written and performed by Australian recording artist Guy Sebastian. It is the lead single from Sebastian's seventh album \"\"Armageddon\"\". \"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" was released digitally in Australia on 18 November 2011. It peaked at number five on the ARIA Singles Chart, and has reached 4× platinum certification. It was Sebastian's eighth of 11 top ten singles in Australia. In 2012 \"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" was nominated for the ARIA Music Award for Single of the Year and was shortlisted for the APRA Song of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7431223",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song)\"\n\"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" has received 2013 APRA nominations for Most Played Australian Work and Pop Work of the Year. The video for \"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" was filmed in Sydney, and was released to iTunes and other digital download sites on 21 November 2011. In the video Sebastian is seen as a businessman having a difficult day. He pours curdled milk over his breakfast cereal, steps out of his apartment building into a rain shower, and his day at the office is shown to be stressful. He walks down to the beach at lunch time appearing very disgruntled. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6643071",
"chunk_text": "\"Happy (Pharrell Williams song)\"\nincluding all 360 four-minute segments. Williams himself appears 24 times in the day-long video, once at the start of each hour. There are a number of celebrity cameos in the video, including Whit Hertford, Kelly Osbourne, Rob Zabrecky, Magic Johnson, Urijah Faber, Sérgio Mendes, Jimmy Kimmel, Odd Future, Steve Carell (who plays Gru in \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\"), Jamie Foxx, Ana Ortiz, Miranda Cosgrove (who plays Margo in \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\"), Kazuchika Okada, Gavin DeGraw and JoJo. The minions from \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" make several appearances throughout the film, including one scene at 3:00 am, in which Pharrell Williams and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6952283",
"chunk_text": "\"Jacob Collier\"\nJacob Collier Jacob Collier (born 2 August 1994) is an English singer, arranger, composer, producer, and multi-instrumentalist based in London, England. In 2012, his homemade split-screen video covers of popular songs, such as Stevie Wonder's \"\"Don't You Worry 'bout a Thing\"\", began to go viral on YouTube. Collier's style fuses elements of jazz, a cappella, groove, folk, electronic music, classical music, gospel, soul and improvisation, and often features extreme use of reharmonisation. In 2014, Collier signed to Quincy Jones' management company and began working on his one-man, audio-visual live performance vehicle, designed and built at MIT in Boston. On 1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7431224",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song)\"\nhe begins to eat he looks across at the next bench and notices a sad obviously ill young girl sitting in a wheelchair next to her father. The businessman appears to come to the realisation that his day isn't as bad as it seemed. He puts down his food and runs into the ocean fully clothed, falling backwards into the water with a smile. The young girl breaks into a smile as well. Don't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song) \"\"Don't Worry Be Happy\"\" is a pop song written and performed by Australian recording artist Guy Sebastian. It is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2894663",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry (Madcon song)\"\nDon't Worry (Madcon song) \"\"Don't Worry\"\" is a song by the Norwegian urban duo Madcon featuring vocals from American singer and songwriter Ray Dalton. It was written by Teddy Sky, Johnny Powers Severin and Madcon and was released in Norway as a digital download on 20 February 2015. The song peaked at number 4 on the Norwegian Singles Chart and reached the Top 10 in several countries. A music video to accompany the release of \"\"Don't Worry\"\" was first released onto YouTube on 18 April 2015 at a total length of four minutes and six seconds. An extraterrestrial (named Mr.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16043881",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Be Happy (play)\"\nDon't Worry Be Happy (play) Don’t Worry Be Happy is a Marathi drama by Mihir Rajda, which was produced on stage in Mumbai, India, in 2016, starring Spruha Joshi and Umesh Kamat in lead roles. \"\"Don’t Worry Be Happy\"\" is produced by Nandu Kadam under the banner of Sonal Productions and directed by Adwait Dadarkar. \"\"Don’t Worry Be Happy\"\" is a gen-next drama which tells the problems of E-generation and tries to find solutions to it. The story of \"\"Don’t Worry Be Happy\"\" revolves around Akshay (Umesh Kamat) and Pranoti (Spruha Joshi), a 21st-century typical Marathi couple immersed in their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2444219",
"chunk_text": "\"Mandatory Fun\"\nmethod of funding to Stuart Varney, who seemed to misunderstand the possible monetization of Yankovic's videos. The first music video debuted on July 14, featuring the song \"\"Tacky\"\". Produced by Nerdist Industries, the one-shot video mimicks Williams' own style used in his video for \"\"Happy\"\": It features Aisha Tyler, Margaret Cho, Eric Stonestreet, Kristen Schaal, Jack Black and Yankovic dressed in tacky clothes and dancing poorly on purpose while lip-synching to the song's lyrics about a person who brags on about his questionable style choices. The video was filmed at Palace Theatre in downtown Los Angeles, previously featured as Julianne",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4893361",
"chunk_text": "\"Ain't Worried About Nothin'\"\nRoss, Diddy and Snoop Dogg. An additional remix featuring recording artist Miley Cyrus was premiered online on October 14. A music video was filmed in late April and released on May 7, 2013 for the song. Rappers Rick Ross and Sean Combs make cameo appearances in the video. A video posted by Montana previewed the song and revealed that Miley Cyrus was to be featured on the remix. Then the first official remix was released on October 4, 2013, featuring Rick Ross, Diddy and Snoop Dogg. Then, on October 14, 2013, the remix featuring Miley Cyrus was released. On June",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9313499",
"chunk_text": "\"Lisa's Sax\"\nof the people who run over the saxophone is a man on a tricycle, who promptly falls over. This is a reference to the show \"\"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\"\". At the beginning of the flashback, the song \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" by Bobby McFerrin can be heard. In the flashback, Dr. Hibbert fashioned his hair and attire like Mr. T in \"\"The A-Team\"\". Homer can be seen watching \"\"Twin Peaks\"\" and The Giant is then shown waltzing with the White Horse. In King Toot's music store, when Homer buys Lisa her first saxophone, there is a guitar in the background",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16654720",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Irwin\"\nroles have been Enrico Ballati, \"\"The Flying Man\"\", on the television series \"\"Northern Exposure\"\", Mr. Noodle in the \"\"Elmo's World\"\" segment of the PBS children's show \"\"Sesame Street\"\" and the \"\"Dick & Jane\"\" serial killer Nate Haskell on \"\"\"\". He was featured in the 1988 music video of \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" by Bobby McFerrin (along with McFerrin and Robin Williams). Irwin was also featured in HBO's 1997 production \"\"Subway Stories\"\". He has also appeared on \"\"The Cosby Show\"\", \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\", \"\"3rd Rock from the Sun\"\", \"\"Law & Order\"\" and \"\"Lights Out\"\". In 2011, Irwin guest starred in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497712",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nthe same year and peaked at No. 1 on September 24, 1988 displacing \"\"Sweet Child o' Mine\"\" by Guns N' Roses. The song also peaked at No. 11 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Tracks chart and No. 7 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. The song was also a hit in the United Kingdom and on the UK Singles Chart, the song reached number 2 during its fifth week on the chart (kept from the top spot by Whitney Houston's \"\"One Moment in Time\"\"). In Canada, the song reached No. 1 on its 8th week. The song is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10999518",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Happy (song)\"\nnumber six on the R&B singles chart, becoming her fifth top-ten single on that particular chart. The music video is well known as it was directed from September 16–17, 1994 by Diddy and Hype Williams, shows Mary singing in a white background amidst other things, including stand abroad of a mountain creek. It reached the top 40 in the UK, reaching number thirty on the UK Singles Chart, staying on the charts for five weeks. Upon its release, Blige performed the song (alongside cuts from her second album \"\"My Life\"\") on shows such as \"\"Friday Night Videos\"\", \"\"The Tonight Show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2012488",
"chunk_text": "\"Jacob Collier\"\nin full on December 7. The volume features collaborations with Voces8, Laura Mvula, Hamid El Kasri, and Take 6, as well as Suzie Collier, his mother. Collier produced, arranged and orchestrated the music himself. Jacob Collier Jacob Collier (born 2 August 1994) is an English singer, arranger, composer, producer, and multi-instrumentalist based in London, England. In 2012, his homemade split-screen video covers of popular songs, such as Stevie Wonder's \"\"Don't You Worry 'bout a Thing\"\", began to go viral on YouTube. Collier's style fuses elements of jazz, a cappella, groove, folk, electronic music, classical music, gospel, soul and improvisation, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18013538",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry (Chingy song)\"\nDon't Worry (Chingy song) \"\"Don't Worry\"\" is a song by American rapper Chingy with guest vocals from singer Janet Jackson, released as the second promotional single from his second album \"\"Powerballin'\"\", which sold over two million copies worldwide and served as the follow-up to his debut album \"\"Jackpot\"\". A music video was not filmed. The song was produced by Grammy Award-winning producers The Trak Starz, who also worked with Britney Spears, Usher, and Ludacris, and also produced Chingy's prior chart-topping hits \"\"Right Thurr\"\", \"\"Holidae In\"\", and \"\"One Call Away\"\". Jackson rarely collaborates with other artists and initially refused to provide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8199650",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Be Happy (Guy Sebastian song)\"\nJuly 2012, and the album was released on October 12. Vic Cardinali from music site Play It on Repeat said of the song, \"\"It's a feel good, bright, upbeat dance pop song about being happy about what you've got in life [...] Guy easily sings over a bright, sparkling beat that I personally cannot help but move to (I tried. I really just sat here and said 'No. I'm not going to move.' — and found myself bobbing my head and hips back and forth).\"\" Ellen Wapstra from [V] Music wrote, \"\"Okay, if you need a pick-me-up this should do",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10826824",
"chunk_text": "\"Zhang Yaodong\"\nZhang Yaodong Zhang Yaodong (, born Teoh Yeow Tong on 17 December 1977) is a Mediacorp actor based in Singapore. Zhang entered the entertainment industry after finishing first runner-up in the Malaysian edition of talent-search contest Star Search in 2001. He was previously a model and had done various commercials in Malaysia before joining MediaCorp. made his small screen debut in the sixth season of popular sitcom, \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\". After seven years in the industry, Zhang was awarded his first lead role in \"\"Happily Ever After\"\". He has since snared played lead roles in series such as \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15329964",
"chunk_text": "\"Craig Logan\"\nCraig Logan Craig Logan (born 22 March 1969 in Scotland) is a Scottish music manager. He began his career as bassist in the pop band Bros; his nickname whilst in the band was Ken. After his success with boy band Bros, Craig left the band in early 1989 after suffering from ME to focus on songwriting and producing. He was subsequently nominated for an Ivor Novello Award for the hit single \"\"Don’t Worry\"\" by Kim Appleby, who he also managed. At the age of 25, Logan joined EMI Music as VP of International, which he ran for three years. During",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1944765",
"chunk_text": "\"Darren Lavett\"\nDarren Lavett Darren John Lavett (October 31, 1964 – October 11, 2012) was an American music video director, who directed videos for The Offspring, Bad Religion, Bush, Voodoo Glow Skulls, Claw Hammer, Testament and several other bands. He is probably best known for directing the videos of The Offspring's biggest hits \"\"Come Out and Play\"\" and \"\"Self Esteem\"\". He also directed Eminem's first music video \"\"Just Don't Give a Fuck.\"\" Lavett attended El Camino Real High School in Woodland Hills, California, and graduated from San Diego State University. Lavett produced the feature film L.A. cult classic \"\"Southlander\"\". Lavett died of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16827123",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Baby (film)\"\n2016. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 57% approval rating, with a rating average of 5.5/10, based on 6 reviews. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 64 based on 5 reviews, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews.\"\" Nick Allen of RogerEbert.com gave the film 2 out of 4 stars. Gary Goldstein of the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" praised John Magaro's acting stating he brought his \"\"A-game\"\". Don't Worry Baby (film) Don't Worry Baby is a 2015 American comedy drama film written and directed by Julian Branciforte. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11386896",
"chunk_text": "\"Meher Baba\"\nin her song \"\"Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)\"\" with the lyrics \"\"Meher Baba lives again\"\". Bobby McFerrin's 1988 Grammy Award-winning song \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" was inspired by a popular quote of Baba seen in numerous Baba posters and inspirational cards. Concepts of Meher Baba's philosophy, as well as a character based on Baba but unnamed, have also frequently appeared in works of comic book writer J. M. DeMatteis, including \"\"Doctor Fate\"\" and \"\"Seekers Into The Mystery\"\". In 2012, the feature film \"\"Nema Aviona za Zagreb\"\" premiered in the Netherlands with an exclusive interview with Meher Baba filmed in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2939747",
"chunk_text": "\"Haley Reinhart discography\"\nappeared on the chart for 58 consecutive weeks. Reinhart was a featured collaborator on Irvin Mayfield and Kermit Ruffins's album \"\"A Beautiful World\"\", released October 13, 2017. She sings on the track \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" alongside Jason Marsalis, Cyril Neville, and Glen David Andrews, and the title track \"\"Beautiful World [for Imani]\"\". She also provides uncredited vocals on the song \"\"Mystic\"\", and backing vocals throughout the album. As a songwriter, Reinhart has written songs that have appeared on albums by Christina Grimmie, Martina Stoessel, and Jennie Lena. Haley Reinhart discography American singer and songwriter Haley Reinhart has released 3",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1944766",
"chunk_text": "\"Darren Lavett\"\nsleep apnea on the evening of October 11, 2012. Darren Lavett Darren John Lavett (October 31, 1964 – October 11, 2012) was an American music video director, who directed videos for The Offspring, Bad Religion, Bush, Voodoo Glow Skulls, Claw Hammer, Testament and several other bands. He is probably best known for directing the videos of The Offspring's biggest hits \"\"Come Out and Play\"\" and \"\"Self Esteem\"\". He also directed Eminem's first music video \"\"Just Don't Give a Fuck.\"\" Lavett attended El Camino Real High School in Woodland Hills, California, and graduated from San Diego State University. Lavett produced the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1731141",
"chunk_text": "\"Nothing to Worry About\"\nNothing to Worry About \"\"Nothing to Worry About\"\" is the first single by Peter Bjorn and John from the album \"\"Living Thing\"\". The music video premiered in 2009. The song was featured in a season five episode of the MTV series \"\"The Hills\"\" entitled \"\"Crazy In Love\"\". The song was featured in commercials for the fifth season of \"\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia\"\", Cinemax HD in its spring 2009 ad campaign, and EA Sports game, \"\"FIFA 10\"\". A remix of the song was also used in the promo for season five of the TV series Bones. The video was directed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15329966",
"chunk_text": "\"Craig Logan\"\nAngeles. The roster of artists consists of, Anastacia, Dido, Cher Lloyd, Aston Merrygold, Andreya Triana, and My Crazy Girlfriend. Craig Logan Craig Logan (born 22 March 1969 in Scotland) is a Scottish music manager. He began his career as bassist in the pop band Bros; his nickname whilst in the band was Ken. After his success with boy band Bros, Craig left the band in early 1989 after suffering from ME to focus on songwriting and producing. He was subsequently nominated for an Ivor Novello Award for the hit single \"\"Don’t Worry\"\" by Kim Appleby, who he also managed. At",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9767833",
"chunk_text": "\"Worry, Worry (song)\"\n\"\"Forget It\"\" was released on 7 July 2017. A lyric video to accompany the release of \"\"Worry, Worry\"\" was first released onto YouTube on 7 July 2017 at a total length of three minutes and twenty-four seconds. Worry, Worry (song) \"\"Worry, Worry\"\" is a song performed by Spanish singer/songwriter Barei, featuring vocals from Spanish rapper Porta. The song was released in Spain as a digital download on 7 July 2017. The song peaked at number 34 on the Spanish Singles Chart. On 19 June 2017, Barei announced on Twitter that she was bringing out three new songs with different themes.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20919551",
"chunk_text": "\"No Worries (Lil Wayne song)\"\n3, 2012, as the second single from his upcoming tenth studio album \"\"I Am Not a Human Being II\"\" (2013). Complex named the song #50 on their list of best songs of 2012. The music video premiered on MTV on November 21, 2012. The music video premiered on BET's 106 & Park on November 26, 2012, and was directed by Colin Tilley. The video pays homage to the film \"\"Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas\"\". It features a cameo appearance from rapper Birdman. No Worries (Lil Wayne song) \"\"No Worries\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Lil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13218617",
"chunk_text": "\"Courtney Stodden\"\nfewest votes to save against Carol McGiffin, Louie Spence, Mario Falcone and Vicky Entwistle. On March 18, 2014, the video for 50 Cent's \"\"Don't Worry Bout It\"\" was released, featuring a cameo appearance by Stodden. That August, Stodden appeared in an episode of the Reelz reality television series \"\"Hollywood Hillbillies\"\". On May 14, 2015, Vivid Entertainment released a solo sex tape created by Stodden. Stodden stated that she would donate what she was paid to charity. On August 19, 2015, Rich Kid Mafia (RKM), a Los Angeles-based entertainment company whose primary services include artist management, digital marketing and music production,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "804611",
"chunk_text": "\"Bobby McFerrin\"\nAIDS. A modified version of the song \"\"Thinkin' About Your Body\"\" (as \"\"Thinkin' About Your Chocolate\"\") from the album \"\"Spontaneous Inventions\"\" was used in a series of UK Cadbury's chocolate adverts in 1989/1990. As early as 1992, widespread rumors circulated that falsely claimed McFerrin committed suicide. The rumors intentionally made fun of the distinctly positive nature of his popular song \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" by claiming McFerrin took his own life. In 1993, McFerrin sang Henry Mancini's \"\"Pink Panther\"\" theme for the movie \"\"Son of the Pink Panther\"\". In addition to his vocal performing career, in 1994, Mr. McFerrin was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19700925",
"chunk_text": "\"Happier (Marshmello and Bastille song)\"\n24, 2018, Marshmello released the official music video, starring Miranda Cosgrove as a teenager who has braces, along with Teala Dunn, Jordyn Jones and James Babson as the father. The music video focuses on Cosgrove’s character during her birthday, when she receives a puppy for her birthday. The video then later shows how her life is as she deals with bullying, and struggles with the loss of her childhood pet dog. At the end of the video, Cosgrove's character - now a middle aged woman - throws a birthday party for her own daughter in which her father gives his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13497713",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\nthe first a cappella song to reach the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and one critic noted it is a \"\"formula for facing life's trials.\"\" The song is ranked No. 31 on VH1's \"\"100 Greatest One Hit Wonders of the 80s\"\" and also appears on \"\"Rolling Stone\"\"s list of the 15 Best Whistling Songs of All Time. At the 1989 Grammy Awards, \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" won the awards for Song of the Year, Record of the Year, and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance. Versions of \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" have been recorded by several artists. The Katsimiha Brothers made a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6063459",
"chunk_text": "\"You Don't Have to Worry (Mary J. Blige song)\"\nand Tony Dofat. The music video, which was directed by F. Gary Gray was filmed at various locations in New York City in the summer of 1993, with Mary performing in a jersey with a New York Yankees cap and baggy jeans, and scenes features Mary wearing an all denim suit with matching boots performing on top of a car in front of a large crowd, as well her wearing an orange jacket. The song's original version which appears in the video, has a slightly alternate difference towards the one on the soundtrack, Blige's vocals throughout the song is multitracked,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11649273",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, Be Healthy\"\nDon't Worry, Be Healthy Don't Worry, Be Healthy (, previously titled Happy Goh Family) is a Singaporean Chinese sitcom which was commissioned by the Ministry of Communications and Information, sponsored by Pioneer Generation Package, and telecast on Singapore's free-to-air channel, Mediacorp Channel 8. The sitcom began production on 15 October 2015 and made its debut on 16 February 2016 and ended on 5 April 2016.It stars Chew Chor Meng , Eelyn Kok , Zhang Wei , Chen Tianwen , Carrie Wong & Youyi as the main casts of this series. This sitcom consists of 8 episodes, and it was first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1731142",
"chunk_text": "\"Nothing to Worry About\"\nby Andreas Nilsson, and it features the \"\"Japanese Rockabilly\"\" subculture. The video begins with the Black Shadow's boss in his apartment preparing his exaggerated ducktail hairdo and going out. The rest of the video shows him and his rockabilly gang dancing in Yoyogi Park in Harajuku and ends with a man trying to start his motorcycle, only to realize the engine is shot. The band does not appear in the video. Nothing to Worry About \"\"Nothing to Worry About\"\" is the first single by Peter Bjorn and John from the album \"\"Living Thing\"\". The music video premiered in 2009. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14813993",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry About Me\"\nwas used for the ending credits of Michael Moore's film \"\"Bowling for Columbine\"\". The song was also used in the 2003 remake of \"\"Freaky Friday\"\" and appeared on that film's soundtrack. Apple Inc. also used the song extensively in its launch of the original Final Cut Studio software package. The song also appeared in 2004's \"\"Without A Paddle\"\" and the commercials for 2007 video game . A DualDisc version of the album was released on November 19, 2002. It included the album in the DVD-Audio format, which is in 5.1 surround sound, as well as the music video for \"\"What",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2137396",
"chunk_text": "\"Lobang King\"\nLobang King Lobang King (我是Lobang King) is a Singaporean comedy drama which aired on Channel 8 in 2003. It is a spin-off of the popular long-running series \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" (敢敢做个开心人), which had just ended its sixth and final season. Chew Chor Meng, Huang Wenyong and Tracer Wong remain from the original series. Irene Ang of \"\"Phua Chu Kang\"\" fame and former Star Search finalists Jeff Wang, Joey Ng and Zen Chong joined the cast. Chew Chor Meng and Huang Wenyong return as the \"\"kiasu\"\" Ah Bee and his penny-pinching uncle Kim Lye respectively. Ah Bee has set up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16496014",
"chunk_text": "\"Lobang King\"\nto save money. Lobang King Lobang King (我是Lobang King) is a Singaporean comedy drama which aired on Channel 8 in 2003. It is a spin-off of the popular long-running series \"\"Don't Worry, Be Happy\"\" (敢敢做个开心人), which had just ended its sixth and final season. Chew Chor Meng, Huang Wenyong and Tracer Wong remain from the original series. Irene Ang of \"\"Phua Chu Kang\"\" fame and former Star Search finalists Jeff Wang, Joey Ng and Zen Chong joined the cast. Chew Chor Meng and Huang Wenyong return as the \"\"kiasu\"\" Ah Bee and his penny-pinching uncle Kim Lye respectively. Ah Bee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10287288",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry (Kim Appleby song)\"\nDon't Worry (Kim Appleby song) \"\"Don't Worry\"\" is the debut solo single of English artist Kim Appleby from her eponymous debut solo album. The song addresses the process of getting over being heartbroken. With the aid of her then boyfriend, ex-Bros bassist Craig Logan, Kim launched a solo career with much of her debut solo album composed of songs co-written with Mel, for what was intended to be the next Mel and Kim album. It reached number two on the UK Singles Chart in November 1990 and entered the Top 40 throughout Europe. In Zimbabwe the single reached number one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9125793",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph M. Petrick\"\nattempts to win a coveted young inventors award. The film starred Bowser, Jimmi Simpson, Kevin Corrigan, Mark Boone Junior, Dee Wallace, Craig Anton, Ruby Wendell, F. Jason Whitaker and Chris Hardwick. It featured cameos by Dave Allen, Chris Franjola, Keir O'Donnell, Martha Madison and Ron Lynch. The film screened at The Hollywood Film Festival and The Sci-Fi-London Film Festival. Later that year, Petrick would direct the music video of \"\"To Be Happy Now\"\" for the Copeland album \"\"You Are My Sunshine\"\" which was released as a bonus feature on the deluxe version of the record. In 2009, MTV hired Petrick",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20437661",
"chunk_text": "\"Happiness (Goldfrapp song)\"\nHappiness (Goldfrapp song) \"\"Happiness\"\" is a song by the English duo Goldfrapp from their fourth studio album, \"\"Seventh Tree\"\" (2008). Written and produced by Alison Goldfrapp and Will Gregory, the song was released as the album's second single on 14 April 2008. It was featured in advertisements for the newly rebranded SyFy network. It reached No.25 on the UK singles chart and as of 2017, remains their last top 40 hit. The music video for \"\"Happiness\"\" was directed by Dougal Wilson. The video features a young man, dressed in a white suit, jumping joyfully around Addington Square in Camberwell, South",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18477518",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Happy (song)\"\nBe Happy (song) \"\"Be Happy\"\" is the hit lead single by American R&B recording artist Mary J. Blige from her critically acclaimed second studio album, \"\"My Life\"\" (1994). Co-written and performed by the artist, the song was also written with Sean Combs, Arlene DelValle and J.C. Olivier. The song contains an instrumental sample of \"\"You're So Good To Me\"\" by musician Curtis Mayfield and a re-sung vocal portion of \"\"I Want You\"\" by Marvin Gaye. The song reached number 29 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming Blige's third single to reach the top forty of that chart, while reaching",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4966536",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry Baby\"\nDon't Worry Baby \"\"Don’t Worry Baby\"\" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Roger Christian, produced by Wilson and first recorded by the American rock band, the Beach Boys. The band's version, a tender ballad with falsetto lead vocal by Wilson, was first released on their 1964 album \"\"Shut Down Volume 2\"\". It was also released as the B-side of The Beach Boys' first US number-one, \"\"I Get Around\"\", also reaching number 24 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in its own right. The song, as originally performed by the Beach Boys, is sung from the point of view of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3734176",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't You Worry Child\"\nMafia's biggest hit, peaking at number 6 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, making it their first and only top ten single. The song has sold over 3 million copies in the United States as of March 2014, and over 5.5 million copies worldwide. A music video for the song was released on 14 September 2012, filmed on location at the group's final British performance on 14 July 2012 at the National Bowl in Milton Keynes. , the music video has over 540 million views on YouTube. The track has been used during various television programmes around the world. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_406
|
total strength of judges in supreme court of india?
|
n/a
|
[
"24",
"24 judges"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8807303",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nSupreme Court of India The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of judicial review. Consisting of the Chief Justice of India and a maximum of 30 other judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. As the final court of appeal of the country, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the high courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals. It safeguards fundamental rights of citizens and settles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12808608",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nHowever, in an interview in June 2018 with NDTV, Justice Chelameswar revealed that most Supreme court judges including him work around 14 hours per day, and continue to work for an average of 7 hours per day even during vacations. He further reminded that while the Supreme court of United States delivers judgement on just 120 cases while every judge in the Supreme court of India delivers judgements on 1000-1500 cases per year. Supreme Court of India The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15975701",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nof India provided for a supreme court with a chief justice and 7 judges. In the early years, a full bench of the supreme court sat together to hear the cases presented before them. As the work of the court increased and cases began to accumulate, parliament increased the number of judges(including CJI) from the original 8 in 1950 to 11 in 1956, 14 in 1960, 18 in 1978, 26 in 1986 and 31 in 2008 (current strength). As the number of the judges has increased, they sit in smaller benches of two or three (referred to as a division",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18884478",
"chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nThe supreme court is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review. Consisting of the Chief Justice of India and 30 sanctioned other judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. As the final court of appeal of the country, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the high courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals. It safeguards fundamental rights of citizens and settles disputes between various governments in the country. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13190073",
"chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of India\"\nhad its inaugural sitting on 26 January 1950, the day India's constitution came into force, and since then has delivered more than 24,000 reported judgements. The Supreme Court comprises the Chief Justice and 30 other Judges. The proceedings of the Supreme Court are conducted in English only. The Supreme Court Rules of 1966 are framed under Article 145 of the Constitution to regulate the practice and procedure of the Supreme Court. The same is amended and presently governed by the Supreme Court Rules of 2013. There are 24 High Courts at the State level. of the Constitution of India mandates",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12808585",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nchief justice (or a judge) of the Supreme Court of India is required to make and subscribe in the presence of the president an oath or affirmation that he/she Per of the constitution, President can remove a judge on proved misbehaviour or incapacity when parliament approves with a majority of the total membership of each house in favour of impeachment and not less than two thirds of the members of each house present. For initiating impeachment proceedings against a judge, at least 50 members of Rajya Sabha or 100 members of Lok Sabha shall issue the notice as per Judges",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13441756",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nIndia. In 2010, Justice S. H. Kapadia coming from a Parsi minority community became the Chief Justice of India. In 2017, Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar became the first Sikh Chief Justice of India. Indu Malhotra is the first women justice to be selected directly from bar. The constitution seeks to ensure the independence of supreme court judges in various ways. Per of directive principles of state policy, the state shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive. Independence of the judiciary, the supremacy of the constitution and rule of law are the features of the basic structure of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13441754",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nbench)—coming together in larger benches of five or more (referred to as a constitution bench) when required to settle fundamental questions of law. A bench may refer a case before it to a larger bench, should the need arise. A citizen of India not exceeding 65 years age as per of the constitution who has been is eligible to be recommended for appointment, a judge of the supreme court. In practice, judges of the supreme court have been selected so far, mostly from amongst judges of the high courts. Barely seven justices—S. M. Sikri, S. Chandra Roy, Kuldip Singh, Santosh",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2029776",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme court\"\nIn India, the Supreme Court of India was created on January 28, 1950 after adoption of the Constitution. Article 141 of the Constitution of India states that the law declared by Supreme Court is to be binding on all Courts within the territory of India. It is the highest court in India and has ultimate judicial authority to interpret the Constitution and decide questions of national law (including local bylaws). The Supreme Court is also vested with the power of judicial review to ensure the application of the rule of law. Note that within the constitutional framework of India, Jammu",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12808574",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nthis number. In formative years, the supreme court met from 10 to 12 in the morning and then 2 to 4 in the afternoon for 28 days in a month. The building is shaped to symbolize scales of justice with its centre-beam being the Central Wing of the building comprising the chief justice’s court, the largest of the courtrooms, with two court halls on either side. The Right Wing of the structure has the bar – room, the offices of the Attorney General of India and other law officers and the library of the court. The Left Wing has the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8196261",
"chunk_text": "\"Judicial activism in India\"\nJudicial activism in India The Supreme Court of India () is the highest judicial forum and the final court of appeal of India, established under Constitution of India, according to which the Supreme Court is the highest constitutional court and acts as the guardian of Constitution. India has an integrated and yet independent judiciary. Since independence, the judiciary has played a very active role in dispensing justice since the \"\"A K Gopalan vs State of Madras\"\" case (1950) followed by the Shankari Prasad case, etc. However, the judiciary remained submissive until the 1960s but its assertiveness started in 1973 when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13441752",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nby the renowned artist Chintamoni Kar. The sculpture is just behind the statue of Mahatma Gandhi. The design of the Court's seal is reproduced from the wheel that appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion capital of Asoka with 24 spokes. The inscription in Sanskrit, यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः (IAST: , means \"\"whence law (dharma), thence victory\"\". It is also referred as the wheel of righteousness, encompassing truth, goodness and equity. The registry of the supreme court is headed by the Secretary-General who is assisted by 8 registrars, several additional and deputy registrars, etc., with 1770 employees in all (221",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8962842",
"chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of India\"\non 2 July 1862, whereas the Allahabad High Court is the largest, having a sanctioned strength of judges at 160. High courts which handle a large number of cases of a particular region, have permanent \"\"benches\"\" (or a branch of the court) established there. For litigants of remote regions, 'circuit benches' are set up, which work for those days in a month when judges visit. The District Courts of India are established by the State governments of India for every district or for one or more districts together taking into account the number of cases, population distribution in the district.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7210931",
"chunk_text": "\"Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala\"\nConstitution. The 13-judge Constitutional bench of the Supreme Court deliberated on the limitations, if any, of the powers of the elected representatives of the people and the nature of fundamental rights of an individual. In a sharply divided verdict, by a margin of 7-6, the court held that while the Parliament has \"\"wide\"\" powers, it did not have the power to destroy or emasculate the basic elements or fundamental features of the constitution. Although the court upheld the basic structure doctrine by only the narrowest of margins, it has since gained widespread acceptance and legitimacy due to subsequent cases and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8196262",
"chunk_text": "\"Judicial activism in India\"\nAllahabad High Court rejected the candidature of Indira Gandhi. The introduction of public interest litigation by Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer further expanded its scope. Judicial activism in India The Supreme Court of India () is the highest judicial forum and the final court of appeal of India, established under Constitution of India, according to which the Supreme Court is the highest constitutional court and acts as the guardian of Constitution. India has an integrated and yet independent judiciary. Since independence, the judiciary has played a very active role in dispensing justice since the \"\"A K Gopalan vs State of Madras\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "229632",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\ncourt as on 1 November 2017 is 55,259 which includes 32,160 admission matters (miscellaneous) and 23,099 regular hearing matters. In May, 2014, former Chief Justice of India, Justice R.M. Lodha, proposed to make Indian judiciary work throughout the year (instead of the present system of having long vacations, specially in the higher courts) in order to reduce pendency of cases in Indian courts; however, as per this proposal there is not going to be any increase in the number of working days or working hours of any of the judges and it only meant that different judges would be going",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13190072",
"chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of India\"\nby the Constitution. According to it, the Supreme Court is a federal court, guardian of the Constitution and the highest court of appeal. Articles 124 to 147 of the Constitution lay down the composition and jurisdiction of the Court. Primarily, it is an appellate court which takes up appeals against judgments of the High Courts of the states and territories. However, it also takes writ petitions in cases of serious human rights violations or any petition filed under Article 32 which is the right to constitutional remedies or if a case involves a serious issue that needs immediate resolution. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13158546",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution bench (India)\"\nConstitution bench (India) Constitution bench is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least five judges of the court which sit to decide any case “involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India. This provision has been mandated by Article 145 (3) of the Constitution of India. The Chief Justice of India has the power to constitute a Constitution Bench and refer cases to it. Constitution benches have decided many of India’s best-known and most important Supreme Court cases, such as A.K. Gopalan v.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126811",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nConstitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1068414",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nof India.\"\" In January 1977, Justice Khanna was superseded despite being the most senior judge at the time and thereby Government broke the convention of appointing only the senior most judge to the position of Chief Justice of India. Justice Khanna remains a legendary figure among the legal fraternity in India for this decision. \"\"The New York Times\"\", wrote of this opinion: \"\"The submission of an independent judiciary to absolutist government is virtually the last step in the destruction of a democratic society; and the Indian supreme court's decision appears close to utter surrender.\"\" During the emergency period, the government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8807315",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nHegde, R. F. Nariman, U. U. Lalit, L. Nageswara Rao and Indu Malhotra—have been appointed to the supreme court directly from the bar (i.e. who were practising advocates). The supreme court saw its first woman judge when Justice M. Fathima Beevi was sworn into office in 1989. The seventh and the most recent woman judge in the court is Justice Indu Malhotra. In 1968, Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah became the first Muslim Chief Justice of India. In 2000, Justice K. G. Balakrishnan became the first judge from the \"\"dalit\"\" community. In 2007 he also became the first \"\"dalit\"\" Chief Justice of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13158547",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution bench (India)\"\nState of Madras, Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (basic structure doctrine) and Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India (OBC reservations) etc. Constitution bench (India) Constitution bench is the name given to the benches of the Supreme Court of India which consist of at least five judges of the court which sit to decide any case “involving a substantial question of law as to the interpretation” of the Constitution of India. This provision has been mandated by Article 145 (3) of the Constitution of India. The Chief Justice of India has the power to constitute a Constitution Bench and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16373236",
"chunk_text": "\"Madras High Court\"\nConstitution of India. It consists of 74 judges and a chief justice who are in charge of the general policy adopted in the administration of justice. In September 2016, the centre government forwarded names of 15 new judges to the President for his signature on their warrants of appointment. Of the 15, nine are from among lawyers and six from the subordinate judiciary. Justice V.K. Tahilramani of the Bombay High Court has been appointed as Chief Justice of Madras High Court, though she is yet to assume office, after Justice Indira Banerjee was elevated to the Supreme Court of India.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2795794",
"chunk_text": "\"Bombay High Court\"\nSenior Counsel Iqbal Chagla. In 2011, a couple of petitions came to be filed challenging housing societies built by judges upon plots of land reserved for other purposes. The court has a Sanctioned strength of 94 (Permanent:71, Additional:23) judges. The court has a judge to people ratio of 1 to 1.61 million. The total pending cases in High Court are about 4,64,074. The Judge to case ratio is 1:6630. The strength of judges in Maharashtra as on 01.01.2018 was 70 High Court Judges, 399 District Judges, 484 Senior Civil Judges and 1267 Junior Civil Judges against the sanctioned strength of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18884476",
"chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nSecretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and head of all civil services under the rules of business of the government. The cabinet secretary is generally the senior-most officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The cabinet secretary ranks 11th on the Indian order of precedence. The cabinet secretary is under the direct charge of the prime minister. India's independent union judicial system began under the British, and its concepts and procedures resemble those of Anglo-Saxon countries. The Supreme Court of India consists of the chief justice and 30 associate justices, all appointed by the president on the advice of the Chief",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13441765",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nthat a serving minister was ever jailed. The Constitution of India under Article 145 empowers the supreme court to frame its own rules for regulating the practice and procedure of the court as and when required (with the approval of the president). Accordingly, \"\"Supreme Court Rules, 1950\"\" were framed. The 1950 Rules were replaced by the Supreme Court Rules, 1966. In 2014, supreme court notified the Supreme Court Rules, 2013 replacing the 1966 Rules effective from 19 August 2014. The supreme court decided to follow a new roster system from February 5, 2018 for allocation of matters to judges. Under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7331772",
"chunk_text": "\"Three Judges Cases\"\nin July 1998 under his constitutional powers. Further, in January 2013, the court dismissed as without locus standi, a public interest litigation filed by NGO Suraz India Trust that sought to challenge the collegium system of appointment. In July 2013, Chief Justice of India P. Sathasivam spoke against any attempts to change the collegium system. On 5 September 2013, the Rajya Sabha passed The Constitution(120th Amendment) bill, 2013, that amends articles 124(2) and 217(1) of the Constitution of India, 1950 and establishes the Judicial Appointment Commission, on whose recommendation the President would appoint judges to the higher judiciary. The critical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13441785",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nlaw at the earliest by rectifying any misuse of the constitution by the parliament and the executive without colluding with them and to remove perceptions of people that rule of law is side lined and a section of its citizens are subjected to discrimination. On 12 January 2018, four senior judges of the supreme court; Jasti Chelameswar, Ranjan Gogoi, Madan Lokur and Kurian Joseph addressed a press conference criticizing Chief Justice Dipak Misra's style of administration and the manner in which he allocated cases among judges of the supreme court. However, people close to Misra refuted the allegations that allocation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6693295",
"chunk_text": "\"Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala\"\nthe validity of the 24th, 25th, 26th and 29th amendments. The case was heard by the largest ever Constitution Bench of 13 Judges. The bench gave eleven separate judgements, which agreed on some points and differed on others. Nanabhoy Palkhivala, assisted by Fali Nariman, presented the case against the government in both cases. Upholding the validity of clause (4) of article 13 and a corresponding provision in article 368(3), inserted by the 24th Amendment, the Court settled in favour of the view that Parliament has the power to amend the fundamental rights also. However, the Court affirmed another proposition also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18286278",
"chunk_text": "\"Y. V. Chandrachud\"\nY. V. Chandrachud Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud (12 July 1920 – 14 July 2008) was the 16th Chief Justice of India, serving from 22 February 1978 to the day he retired on 11 July 1985. Born in Pune in the state of Maharashtra, he was first appointed Judge to the Supreme Court of India on 28 August 1972 and is the longest-serving Chief Justice in India's history at 7 years and 4 months. His nickname was \"\"Iron hands\"\" after his well regarded unwillingness to let anything slip past him. Justice Chandrachud was appointed Chief Justice of India during the term of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12311548",
"chunk_text": "\"Basic structure doctrine\"\nParliament has the power to amend any part of the Constitution including the provisions relating to Fundamental Rights. This was done by amending articles 13 and 368 to exclude amendments made under article 368, from article 13's prohibition of any law abridging or taking away any of the Fundamental Rights. Chief Justice Koka Subba Rao writing for the majority held that: Six years later in 1973, the largest ever Constitution Bench of 13 Judges, heard arguments in \"\"Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala\"\" (case citation: AIR 1973 SC 1461). The Supreme Court reviewed the decision in Golaknath v. State of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3929986",
"chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of India\"\nmiserly 0.2 per cent of the gross domestic product. The judge-population ratio is 10.5 to one million, which should be 50 to one million. The government has been the largest, single party litigating before the courts, and has kept adding cases to the over-burdened courts despite losing most, and then on losing, has relentlessly taken them to the next court, much of this being avoidable, according to the Law Commission The vast number of cases pending in the Supreme Court as well as the other lower courts has defeated the very purpose of the judicial system. For justice delayed, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9537729",
"chunk_text": "\"Y. V. Chandrachud\"\nto become Chief Justice of India himself in 2022 and his daughter Nirmala. His grandson Chintan Chandrachud is a legal scholar and writer Y. V. Chandrachud Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud (12 July 1920 – 14 July 2008) was the 16th Chief Justice of India, serving from 22 February 1978 to the day he retired on 11 July 1985. Born in Pune in the state of Maharashtra, he was first appointed Judge to the Supreme Court of India on 28 August 1972 and is the longest-serving Chief Justice in India's history at 7 years and 4 months. His nickname was \"\"Iron hands\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18633540",
"chunk_text": "\"Kerala High Court\"\ncriminal matters, and the power to answer references to it under some statutes. The High Court has the superintendence and visitorial jurisdiction over all courts and tribunals of inferior jurisdiction covered under its territorial jurisdiction. At present, the sanctioned Judge strength of the High Court of Kerala is 27 Permanent Judges including the Chief Justice and 20 Additional Judges. Depending on the importance and nature of the question to be adjudicated, the judges sit as Single (one judge), Division (two judges), Full (three judges) or such other benches of larger strengths. The foundation stone for the new multi-storied building now",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5449588",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nRaj Khanna wrote: Constitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2380374",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian High Courts Act 1861\"\nAct was passed after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and consolidated the parallel legal system of the Crown and the East India Company. The Act abolished the Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay; the Sadar Diwani Adalat and the Sadar Nizamat Adalat at Calcutta; Sadar Adalat and Faujdari Adalat at Madras; Sadar Diwani Adalat and Faujdari Adalat at Bombay (§8). Each High Court could consist of a chief justice and up to 15 judges. Under §3 of the Act, judges could be selected from barristers (with 5 years of experience), civil servants (with 10 years of experience including 3",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17196757",
"chunk_text": "\"Karnataka High Court\"\nbe filed in the Karnataka High court and the case was heard in the very building that was supposed to be demolished. In August 1984, the judges M. N. Venkatachaliah and Vittal Rao pronounced a judgement that stayed the demolition. The High Court has a sanctioned judge strength of 62. Many judges have presided in the High Court with four of them including E. S. Venkataramiah, M. N. Venkatachaliah, S. Rajendra Babu and H.L. Dattu, going on to become the Chief Justice of India and others including Kalmanje Jagannatha Shetty, N. Venkatachala, R. V. Raveendran, Shivaraj Patil, Venkate Gopala Gowda,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8967074",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\n26th and 29th Amendments. The case was heard by the largest ever Constitutional Bench of 13 Judges. The Bench gave eleven judgements, which agreed on some points and differed on others. The Court held, by a margin of 7-6, that although no part of the Constitution, including Fundamental Rights, was beyond the amending power of Parliament (thus overruling the 1967 case), the \"\"basic structure of the Constitution could not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment\"\". The Court upheld Section 2(a) and 2(b), and the first part of section 3 of the 25th Amendment as valid. However, the second part",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7133586",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\nno law containing a declaration that it is for giving effect to such policy shall be called in question in any court on the ground that it does not give effect to such policy\"\" was declared unconstitutional. The government of Indira Gandhi did not take kindly to this implied restriction on its powers by the court. On 26 April 1973, Justice Ajit Nath Ray, who was among the dissenters, was promoted to Chief Justice of India superseding three senior Judges, Shelat, Grover and Hegde, which was unprecedented in Indian legal history. Advocate C.K. Daphtary termed the incident as \"\"the blackest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8967075",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\nnamely \"\"and no law containing a declaration that it is for giving effect to such policy shall be called in question in any court on the ground that it does not give effect to such policy\"\" was declared unconstitutional. The government of Indira Gandhi did not take kindly to this implied restriction on its powers by the court. On 26 April 1973, Justice Ajit Nath Ray, who was among the dissenters, was promoted to Chief Justice of India superseding three senior Judges, Shelat, Grover and Hegde, which was unprecedented in Indian legal history. Advocate C.K. Daphtary termed the incident as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7133583",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\nv. State of Punjab\"\", in 1971 in \"\"Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala\"\", and considered the validity of the 24th, 25th, 26th and 29th Amendments. The case was heard by the largest ever Constitutional Bench of 13 Judges. The Bench gave eleven judgements, which agreed on some points and differed on others. The Court held, by a margin of 7-6, that although no part of the Constitution, including Fundamental Rights, was beyond the amending power of Parliament (thus overruling the 1967 case), the \"\"basic structure of the Constitution could not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment\"\". The court ruled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9168215",
"chunk_text": "\"Chief Justice of India\"\nChief Justice of India The Chief Justice of India (CJI) is the head of the judiciary of India and the Supreme Court of India. The CJI also heads their administrative functions. As head of the supreme court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches which deal with important matters of law. In accordance with Article 145 of the Constitution of India and the Supreme Court Rules of Procedure of 1966, the Chief Justice allocates all work to the other judges who are bound to refer the matter back to him or her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17492635",
"chunk_text": "\"Allahabad High Court\"\nwater fountain to the High court. The seat of the court is at Prayagraj. Allahabad High Court maintains a permanent circuit bench at Lucknow, the administrative capital of the state. The maximum number of serving judges is 160, the highest in India. Justice Govind Mathur is the current Chief Justice of the Court. The court has a Sanctioned strength of 160 (Permanent:76, Additional:84) judges. The strength of judges in Allahabad high court as on 22.11.2018 was 109 High Court Judges. Judges elevated to the Supreme Court of India- Judges transferred from the Allahabad High Court- Private journals that report Allahabad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18884477",
"chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nJustice of India. The jury trials were abolished in India in the early 1960s, after the famous case \"\"KM Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra\"\", for reasons of being vulnerable to media and public pressure, as well as to being misled. Unlike its United States counterpart, the Indian justice system consists of a unitary system at both state and union level. The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of India, high courts at the state level, and district courts and sessions courts at the district level. The Supreme Court of India is situated in New Delhi, the capital region of India.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11624853",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nthat the state/judiciary shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order in which social, economic and political justice is animated/informed in all institutions of life. B. R. Ambedkar clarified as given below in the Constituent Assembly debates on high lighting its inevitable implementation. As per the constitution, as held by the court in the Three Judges Cases – (1982, 1993, 1998), a judge is appointed to the supreme court by the president on the recommendation of the \"\"collegium\"\" — a closed group of the Chief Justice of India, the four most senior judges of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17810800",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Federal Court\"\npassed by the National Congress, through a Direct Action of Unconstitutionality (, or ADI). There are also other mechanisms for reaching the Court directly, such as the Declaratory Action of Constitutionality (, or ADC) and the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality by Omission ( or ADO). The eleven judges of the court are called Ministers (), although having no similarity with the government body of ministers. They are appointed by the President and approved by the Senate. There is no term length but a mandatory retirement age of 75. All judicial and administrative meetings of the Supreme Court have been broadcast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "229626",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nconstitution on account of infraction of fundamental rights, contrary to the judgment in the \"\"Kesavananda Bharati\"\" case. Another important decision was of the five-judge bench in \"\"Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India\"\"; where the constitutional validity of Central Educational Institutions (Reservations in Admissions) Act, 2006 was upheld, subject to the \"\"creamy layer\"\" criteria. Importantly, the court refused to follow the 'strict scrutiny' standards of review followed by the United States supreme court. At the same time, the court has applied the strict scrutiny standards in Anuj Garg v. Hotel Association of India (2007) ()a The supreme court declared allotment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9168216",
"chunk_text": "\"Chief Justice of India\"\n(for re-allocation) in any case where they require it to be looked into by a larger bench of more judges. On the administrative side, the Chief Justice carries out the following functions: maintenance of the roster; appointment of court officials and general and miscellaneous matters relating to the supervision and functioning of the Supreme Court. It has been an unbroken convention for decades now, to appoint the senior-most judge of the supreme court as the CJI. The present CJI is Justice Ranjan Gogoi, and is the 46th CJI since January 1950, the year the Constitution came into effect and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16160691",
"chunk_text": "\"Jaishanker Manilal Shelat\"\nK. S. Hegde JJ who were superseded by Justice A. N. Ray in being named as the Chief Justice of India. This is partly attributed to their being on the side of the majority judgement in \"\"Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala\"\" which went against the government of the day. Both Hegde and Shelat resigned from the court at the end of that month while Grover did so a month later. Jaishanker Manilal Shelat Justice Jaishanker Manilal Shelat (16 July 1908 - 1 November 1985) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of India from February 1966 to April 1973.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "229604",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\nbeing on 26 January 1950. It replaced both the Federal Court of India and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which were then at the apex of the Indian court system. Supreme court initially had its seat at Chamber of Princes in the parliament building where the previous Federal Court of India sat from 1937 to 1950. The first Chief Justice of India was H. J. Kania. In 1958, the supreme court moved to its present premises. Originally, the Constitution of India envisaged a supreme court with a chief justice and seven judges; leaving it to parliament to increase",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_407
|
who is the original singer of just when i needed you most?
|
n/a
|
[
"Randy VanWarmer"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18691345",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nJohn Sebastian on autoharp, reached No. 62 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country music chart. Other artists who either recorded or performed the song in concert include country music singers Tim McGraw, Donna Fargo, Skeeter Davis and Conway Twitty, R&B vocalist Millie Jackson, the German disco musician Peter Griffin, British glam rock band Smokie, reggae artists Barbara Jones, and Eddie Lovette, Filipino singer Pops Fernandez, Bob Dylan, Paul Butterfield, Billy Joe Royal, and the Spanish group Mocedades. In 2002, the American-Taiwanese singer Will Pan released a bilingual English/Chinese version of the song. Dana Winner recorded \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20121941",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nJust When I Needed You Most \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" is the title of a 1979 hit single by the American singer-songwriter Randy VanWarmer. VanWarmer was inspired to write \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" after his old car that he loved and used for years broke down on the way to work in Denver, Colorado and by a \"\"devastating\"\" breakup with a girlfriend: he wrote the song six months after that breakup co-writing it with Tony Wilson of the group Hot Chocolate two years before it became a hit. After recording \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19581575",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\n8. VanWarmer attributed his single's success to empathy for its heartbreak scenario: \"\"It's happened to everyone. That emotion is universal...I always hoped the record wasn't wallowing in self-pity and it had some redeeming value, and I guess it does.\"\" VanWarmer also attributed his single's success to the autoharp instrumental break between the second and third verses, performed by John Sebastian. The song's co-writer Tony Wilson recorded \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" for his 1979 album \"\"Catch One\"\". Dolly Parton recorded a cover version of the song for her 1996 album, \"\"Treasures\"\": this version, which like the VanWarmer original featured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18924382",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nby Wolfgang Ambros for his 2012 album 190352. Just When I Needed You Most \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" is the title of a 1979 hit single by the American singer-songwriter Randy VanWarmer. VanWarmer was inspired to write \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" after his old car that he loved and used for years broke down on the way to work in Denver, Colorado and by a \"\"devastating\"\" breakup with a girlfriend: he wrote the song six months after that breakup co-writing it with Tony Wilson of the group Hot Chocolate two years before it became a hit.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16062635",
"chunk_text": "\"Barbara Jones (singer)\"\nBarbara Jones (singer) Barbara Nation ( – 19 December 2014), better known as Barbara Jones, was a Jamaican singer who had a UK hit single in 1981 with \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\". Born in Kingston and raised in Manchester, Jamaica, she began her career in 1971 with the single \"\"Sad Movies\"\". She had her greatest success in January 1981 with \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\", which reached number 31 on the UK Singles Chart. She toured as backing singer with Jimmy Cliff in the late 1970s and early 1980s; In 1991, she became a devout Christian and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6365257",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy VanWarmer\"\nRandy VanWarmer Randy VanWarmer (sometimes Vanwarmer, Van Warmer; March 30, 1955 – January 12, 2004) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. His biggest success was the pop hit, \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\". It reached #8 on the UK Singles Chart in September 1979 after peaking at #4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and #1 on \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks earlier that year. He wrote several songs for the group The Oak Ridge Boys including the #1 U.S. Country hit \"\"I Guess It Never Hurts to Hurt Sometimes\"\". The song appeared on his 1981 album \"\"Beat of Love\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6911899",
"chunk_text": "\"You Needed Me\"\nYou Needed Me \"\"You Needed Me\"\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum, who describes it as being about \"\"unconditional undeserved love\"\". It was a number one hit single in the United States in 1978 for Canadian singer Anne Murray, for which she won a Grammy Award. In 1999, Irish pop band Boyzone recorded a hit cover of the song that hit number one in the UK Singles Chart. \"\"You Needed Me\"\" was first recorded by singer Anne Murray in 1978. The song peaked at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and revitalized her career after several years",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6646053",
"chunk_text": "\"When I Need You\"\nWhen I Need You \"\"When I Need You\"\" is a popular song written by Albert Hammond and Carole Bayer Sager. Its first appearance was as the title track of Hammond's 1976 album \"\"When I Need You\"\". Leo Sayer's version, produced by Richard Perry, was a massive hit worldwide, reaching number 1 on the UK Singles Chart for three weeks in February 1977 after three of his earlier singles had stalled at number 2. It also reached number 1 on both the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for a single week in May 1977; and the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "114359",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Needed You\"\nIf I Needed You \"\"If I Needed You\"\" is a song written by Townes Van Zandt and performed on his 1972 album \"\"The Late Great Townes Van Zandt\"\". It was covered 9 years later by American country music artists Emmylou Harris and Don Williams as a duet, and was released in September 1981 as the first single from Harris' album \"\"Cimarron\"\". The song reached #3 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles chart and #1 on the \"\"RPM\"\" Country Tracks chart in Canada. The song was written about Townes's business partner and producers wife Anne Mittendorf Eggers. Townes Van Zandt's \"\"If",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11004752",
"chunk_text": "\"Warmer (album)\"\nVanWarmer Warmer (album) Warmer is the debut album by American singer-songwriter Randy VanWarmer. After moving back to the United States from Cornwall, England in 1978 and settling in Woodstock, New York, twenty-three-year-old VanWarmer signed to local label Bearsville Records. A year later \"\"Warmer\"\" was released and produced by Del Newman. It was initially released on vinyl, 8-track, and cassette, and in 1995 it was released on compact disc. \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" was written by VanWarmer when he was eighteen and still in England, and the song has been described as \"\"a ballad of heartbreak from a man's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3794010",
"chunk_text": "\"Warmer (album)\"\nof view.\"\" It reached No. 4 on \"\"Billboard\"\" in 1979. By December 1980, VanWarmer toured in Europe to support the release of \"\"Warmer\"\", as well as Japan and Hong Kong. A brief review in a 1979 issue of \"\"Billboard\"\" compares VanWarmer's style of singing on \"\"Warmer\"\" to that of The Bee Gees, and although the writer felt the album lacked diversity, \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" was regarded as a good cut. According to \"\"The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music\"\", \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" was the song VanWarmer was \"\"best remembered for.\"\" All track composed by Randy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18642377",
"chunk_text": "\"If You Need Me\"\nIf You Need Me \"\"If You Need Me\"\" is a 1963 song co-written and originally recorded by Wilson Pickett. It was made into a bigger hit by Solomon Burke, who sent the song to #2 on the R&B charts that year. The song was written by Wilson Pickett with two former members of the Satintones, Robert Bateman (who had also co-written \"\"Please Mr. Postman\"\") and Sonny Sanders. It was recorded originally by Pickett on March 15, 1963, for Lloyd Price's Detroit-based Double L Records, It had been rejected by Jerry Wexler, who nevertheless had purchased the publishing rights. According to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3794009",
"chunk_text": "\"Warmer (album)\"\nWarmer (album) Warmer is the debut album by American singer-songwriter Randy VanWarmer. After moving back to the United States from Cornwall, England in 1978 and settling in Woodstock, New York, twenty-three-year-old VanWarmer signed to local label Bearsville Records. A year later \"\"Warmer\"\" was released and produced by Del Newman. It was initially released on vinyl, 8-track, and cassette, and in 1995 it was released on compact disc. \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" was written by VanWarmer when he was eighteen and still in England, and the song has been described as \"\"a ballad of heartbreak from a man's point",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1403058",
"chunk_text": "\"When I Need You\"\nBlack Dog Bone's translation. When I Need You \"\"When I Need You\"\" is a popular song written by Albert Hammond and Carole Bayer Sager. Its first appearance was as the title track of Hammond's 1976 album \"\"When I Need You\"\". Leo Sayer's version, produced by Richard Perry, was a massive hit worldwide, reaching number 1 on the UK Singles Chart for three weeks in February 1977 after three of his earlier singles had stalled at number 2. It also reached number 1 on both the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for a single week in May 1977; and the Hot Adult Contemporary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18515404",
"chunk_text": "\"Donnie Owens\"\nDonnie Owens Donnie Owens (aka Donald Lee Owens) (October 30, 1932 – October 27, 1994) was an American singer, guitarist, producer, and composer. His hit song “Need You” peaked at #25 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1958. Owens worked extensively with artist/songwriter/producer Lee Hazlewood and worked as an executive producer for LHI Records. He was a session musician and played the rhythm guitar for Duane Eddy, Nancy Sinatra, Elvis Presley and many others. In 1994, Owens was accidentally shot to death by his girlfriend. Owens was born on October 30, 1932 in Chester, Pennsylvania to parents John Easley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16757916",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nher 2011 album \"\"Unforgettable\"\". Anne Nolan recorded \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" for her 2013 debut solo album \"\"Just One Voice\"\". A Finnish rendering of \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" entitled \"\"Juuri Kun Tarvitsin Sua\"\" was recorded by ELF () for their 1979 album \"\"Tarantella-Joe\"\". Ingela \"\"Pling\"\" Forsman wrote lyrics in Swedish as \"\"När jag behövde dig mest\"\", which was recorded by Swedish dansband Wizex on the 1980 album \"\"You Treated Me Wrong\"\". A Spanish rendering entitled \"\"Necesitando Tu Amor\"\" was recorded by Mocedades for their 1982 album \"\"Amor De Hombre\"\". An Austrian rendering entitled \"\"Ausg´lacht\"\" was recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18691343",
"chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nthe flip was the original intended A-side of VanWarmer's single. Released as a single in February 1979, VanWarmer's \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" spent two weeks atop the US \"\"Billboard\"\" adult contemporary chart in May of that year and in June 1979 reached its peak position of No. 4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart accruing an overall Top 40 tenure of 14 weeks and earning RIAA Gold record status. In addition, the track reached No. 71 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country music chart. and in September 1979 made the Top 10 on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at No.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6365258",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy VanWarmer\"\nwhich also included the pop tune \"\"Suzi Found a Weapon\"\", which hit #55 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. He was born Randall Van Wormer, in Indian Hills, Colorado, the son of Roger Van Wormer (1919-1967) and Betsy (née Harry; 1919-2006). At 15, three years after the death of his father in an automobile accident, he moved with his mother to Cornwall, England. His experiences there inspired \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\". In a 1989 interview with \"\"Release\"\", a now-defunct independent paper from Stanford, California, Van Warmer said that Albert Grossman, the head of Bearsville, would not let him do",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20637799",
"chunk_text": "\"If You Need Me\"\nwhich were all arranged by Gary Sherman, the man behind many Garnet Mimms hits.\"\" If You Need Me \"\"If You Need Me\"\" is a 1963 song co-written and originally recorded by Wilson Pickett. It was made into a bigger hit by Solomon Burke, who sent the song to #2 on the R&B charts that year. The song was written by Wilson Pickett with two former members of the Satintones, Robert Bateman (who had also co-written \"\"Please Mr. Postman\"\") and Sonny Sanders. It was recorded originally by Pickett on March 15, 1963, for Lloyd Price's Detroit-based Double L Records, It had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9454066",
"chunk_text": "\"That Day When She Needed Me\"\nThat Day When She Needed Me \"\"That Day When She Needed Me\"\" (also known as \"\"I was a Thousand Miles Away That Day When She Needed Me\"\"), is a 1964 R&B song by the Motown Records group The Contours, on the label's Gordy Records subsidiary imprint. Issued as the \"\"B\"\" side of their hit \"\"Can You Jerk Like Me\"\", this song broke out as a hit on its own, reaching #37 on the \"\"Cash Box\"\" R&B listings that year.(Billboard had temporarily suspended its R&B Chart in 1964.) Written, composed, and produced by Miracles lead singer Smokey Robinson, this song was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6646060",
"chunk_text": "\"When I Need You\"\nChart and stayed 10 weeks in the top ten between 30 March and 1 June 1980, peaking at number four. The Spanish singer achieved one of his best performances of this song in 1994. In 1998, the American singer Luther Vandross covered the song as part of his \"\"I Know\"\" album. Longtime associate and smooth jazz musician Kirk Whalum performed the saxophone solo on the track. The Malaysian band Black Dog Bone released a version sung in the Malay language, entitled \"\"Bila rindu\"\" (when I miss you). The Indonesian band D'lloyd later covered the song with almost identical lyrics to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6445748",
"chunk_text": "\"You Needed Me\"\nIt became their sixth and final single to reach number 1 on the UK Singles Chart, outselling the debut solo single of Spice Girl Geri Halliwell by just 700 copies. The song received a silver disc for shipping 200,000 copies in the UK. You Needed Me \"\"You Needed Me\"\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum, who describes it as being about \"\"unconditional undeserved love\"\". It was a number one hit single in the United States in 1978 for Canadian singer Anne Murray, for which she won a Grammy Award. In 1999, Irish pop band Boyzone recorded a hit cover",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11683789",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy Goodrum\"\nRandy Goodrum Charles Randolph Goodrum (July 7, 1947) is an American songwriter, pianist, and producer. A Grammy award-nominated writer and Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame inductee, Goodrum has written #1 songs in each of the four decades since his first #1 hit, 1978's \"\"You Needed Me.\"\" Goodrum's songs have appeared on the country, pop, jazz, rock, R&B and adult contemporary charts. An accomplished pianist, his music has been used extensively in film and television. Goodrum was born in Hot Springs, Arkansas to Winnie Goodrum and Bud Goodrum, a physician. He began to play the piano by ear as a small",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7593445",
"chunk_text": "\"You're Gonna Need Me\"\nYou're Gonna Need Me \"\"You're Gonna Need Me\"\" is a 1973 soul song recorded by Dionne Warwick on her album, \"\"Just Being Myself\"\". It was released as the b-side to the title track, which peaked at #62 on the R&B singles chart in 1973. Released during the post-Bacharach and David period of Warwick's career, the song was written and produced by Holland–Dozier–Holland, who were six years into recording their post-Motown period. The song would be revived as a hip hop sample, most notably by J Dilla on the track \"\"Stop\"\" on the last album he finished, \"\"Donuts\"\", and Just Blaze,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1344234",
"chunk_text": "\"That Day When She Needed Me\"\nmade available as a digital download on certain internet sites. (\"\"Note\"\": Unlike the \"\"A\"\" side, \"\"Can You Jerk Like Me\"\", which featured the new, reconstituted Contours, THIS song featured the ORIGINAL Contours (Billy Hoggs, Joe Billingslea, Hubert Johnson, Sylvester Potts, and Huey Davis) along with Billy Gordon, in their final chart appearance, recorded just prior to their departure). That Day When She Needed Me \"\"That Day When She Needed Me\"\" (also known as \"\"I was a Thousand Miles Away That Day When She Needed Me\"\"), is a 1964 R&B song by the Motown Records group The Contours, on the label's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19432041",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert Bateman (songwriter)\"\nRobert Bateman (songwriter) Robert Bateman (April 30, 1936 – October 12, 2016) was an American R&B singer, songwriter and record producer. Among other songs, he co-wrote the hits \"\"Please Mr. Postman\"\" and \"\"If You Need Me\"\". Born in Chicago, Illinois, he was one of the founding members of vocal group the Satintones in Detroit, Michigan, in 1957. Bateman was the bass singer. In 1959, the group made their first recordings for Motown, and Bateman did additional work for the company as a backing singer and engineer. He was reportedly responsible for acquiring Motown's first recording equipment, a tape recorder discarded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3756617",
"chunk_text": "\"Where Were You When I Needed You\"\nWhere Were You When I Needed You Where Were You When I Needed You is the debut studio album by the American rock band The Grass Roots, released in October 1966 by Dunhill Records. Most of the album is performed by the songwriter/producer duo of P.F. Sloan and Steve Barri. Some of the album features members of a San Francisco band that became the first Grass Roots. The members who recorded are vocalist Willie Fulton and drummer Joel Larson. The A and B side singles released are \"\"Mr. Jones (Ballad Of A Thin Man)\"\", \"\"You're a Lonely Girl\"\", \"\"Where Were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15761288",
"chunk_text": "\"You're Gonna Need Me\"\nwho sampled Warwick's vocals from the song for Usher's 2004 single, \"\"Throwback\"\", off the multi-platinum album, \"\"Confessions\"\". You're Gonna Need Me \"\"You're Gonna Need Me\"\" is a 1973 soul song recorded by Dionne Warwick on her album, \"\"Just Being Myself\"\". It was released as the b-side to the title track, which peaked at #62 on the R&B singles chart in 1973. Released during the post-Bacharach and David period of Warwick's career, the song was written and produced by Holland–Dozier–Holland, who were six years into recording their post-Motown period. The song would be revived as a hip hop sample, most notably",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1873745",
"chunk_text": "\"Solomon Burke\"\nSolomon Burke Solomon Burke (born James Solomon McDonald, March 21, 1940 – October 10, 2010) was an American preacher and singer who shaped the sound of rhythm and blues as one of the founding fathers of soul music in the 1960s. He has been called \"\"a key transitional figure bridging R&B and soul\"\", and was known for his \"\"prodigious output\"\". He had a string of hits including \"\"Cry to Me\"\", \"\"If You Need Me\"\", \"\"Got to Get You Off My Mind\"\", \"\"Down in the Valley\"\" and \"\"Everybody Needs Somebody to Love\"\". Burke was referred to honorifically as \"\"King Solomon\"\", the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "892088",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Needed You\"\nit on their album \"\"Made to Last\"\" in 2013. Adam Harvey and Beccy Cole covered the song on their album, \"\"The Great Country Songbook Volume 2\"\" (2017). In 2017, Jason Isbell and Amanda Shires recorded a cover for a Don Williams tribute album. Gove Scrivenor recorded a version on his \"\"Shine On\"\" album in 1998 If I Needed You \"\"If I Needed You\"\" is a song written by Townes Van Zandt and performed on his 1972 album \"\"The Late Great Townes Van Zandt\"\". It was covered 9 years later by American country music artists Emmylou Harris and Don Williams as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10068777",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Needed Someone\"\nIf I Needed Someone \"\"If I Needed Someone\"\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by George Harrison, the group's lead guitarist. It was released in December 1965 on their album \"\"Rubber Soul\"\", except in North America, where it appeared on the 1966 release \"\"Yesterday and Today\"\". The song reflects the reciprocal influences shared between the Beatles and American band the Byrds. On release, it was widely considered to be Harrison's best song to date. A recording by the Hollies was issued in Britain on the same day as \"\"Rubber Soul\"\" and peaked at number 20",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10866354",
"chunk_text": "\"Miles Away (Winger song)\"\nMiles Away (Winger song) \"\"Miles Away\"\" is a power ballad by American rock band Winger, from their album \"\"In the Heart of the Young\"\". Released in late 1990 to pop radio after already reaching number one in most AOR markets, the song peaked at #12 on the Hot 100. It is also significant for being Winger's only ever hit single in the United Kingdom, reaching #56 on January 24, 1991. The song references \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" by Randy Vanwarmer, another Colorado artist. The single featured a B-side, \"\"All I Ever Wanted\"\", that was never released on any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16526668",
"chunk_text": "\"Where Were You When I Needed You\"\nI Needed You\"\", with Fulton's voice replacing Sloan's as the lead vocal, was finally released in June 1966 and reached the Top 40, peaking at #28. But that success was too late for the band members, who were frustrated by Dunhill's reluctance to let them record as a band. Although much of the first album had already been recorded at that time, the band (except for Larson) decided to return to San Francisco in early 1966. After the band quit, Sloan once again took over as lead singer of the Grass Roots sessions, as he had been on the original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6399874",
"chunk_text": "\"I Didn't Want to Need You\"\nI Didn't Want to Need You \"\"I Didn't Want to Need You\"\" is a song recorded by American rock band Heart in 1990. It was released as the second single from their 10th studio album, \"\"Brigade.\"\" It was composed by the veteran songwriter, Diane Warren, and released as the second single from the band's tenth studio album \"\"Brigade\"\". Warren, one of the most successful pop music songwriters of the 1980s and 1990s, also penned Heart's 1987 U.S. top-ten single \"\"Who Will You Run To\"\". \"\"I Didn't Want to Need You\"\" is a midtempo rock song with a dramatic chorus and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10311389",
"chunk_text": "\"Warren Wiebe\"\nwith Lalah Hathaway called \"\"On My Own\"\". After battling mental health issues and depression, Wiebe took his own life on October 25, 1998. Warren Wiebe Warren Wiebe (July 18, 1953 – October 25, 1998) was an American vocalist and session artist from San Diego. After playing bass with several bands, Warren Wiebe was discovered by David Foster and Burt Bacharach in Los Angeles in 1987. He sang the duet \"\"Listen to Me\"\" with Celine Dion for the \"\"Listen to Me\"\" soundtrack. He was one of several lead vocalists who contributed to the 1991 charity record \"\"Voices That Care\"\". He was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3893273",
"chunk_text": "\"Townes Van Zandt\"\nas Emmylou Harris who, with Don Williams, had a No. 3 country hit in 1981 with \"\"If I Needed You,\"\" and Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard, the pair taking \"\"Pancho & Lefty\"\" to number one on the country charts in 1983. Van Zandt had a small cameo appearance in the video for the song. In his later years he recorded less frequently, his voice and singing style altered in part because of his lifestyle and alcoholism. However, he continued writing songs, such as \"\"Marie\"\" and \"\"The Hole\"\". According to Susanna Clark, Van Zandt turned down repeated invitations to write with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18896758",
"chunk_text": "\"If You Need Me\"\nand Atlantic’s distribution.\"\" Both versions had Cissy Houston singing backup vocals. Despite his anger, in 1964, Pickett signed with Atlantic because he needed the \"\"bread.\"\" While Burke's version spent 5 weeks at #2 in the R&B charts in the American summer of 1963, kept from the number one position by Jackie Wilson's \"\"Baby Workout\"\" and Sam Cooke's \"\"Another Saturday Night\"\", Pickett's original stalled at #64 in the Pop charts and #30 on the R&B chart. \"\"If You Need Me\"\" was \"\"the first of several great preaching scorchers\"\": \"\"Can’t Nobody Love You\"\", \"\"You’re Good For Me\"\", and \"\"Goodbye Baby, Baby Goodbye\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18054755",
"chunk_text": "\"You Might Need Somebody\"\nYou Might Need Somebody \"\"You Might Need Somebody\"\" is a 1980 song by Tom Snow and Nan O'Byrne, first recorded by American singer and guitarist Turley Richards. His version reached number 54 in the US, but the song is best known from Randy Crawford's 1981 version which was successful world wide and was critically acclaimed for its arrangement and musicianship. In 1981, Randy Crawford recorded her version of \"\"You Might Need Somebody\"\" for her album \"\"Secret Combination\"\". It was the second single released from this album. Her version reached no. 11 on the UK Singles Chart, making it her fourth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18054756",
"chunk_text": "\"You Might Need Somebody\"\nhighest charting single on that chart. In 1991, Joe Walsh released his rock version of \"\"You Might Need Somebody\"\" on his ninth studio album \"\"Ordinary Average Guy\"\". In 1997, Shola Ama recorded a version of the song. Her version reached number four on the UK Singles Chart and is featured on her debut album, \"\"Much Love\"\". You Might Need Somebody \"\"You Might Need Somebody\"\" is a 1980 song by Tom Snow and Nan O'Byrne, first recorded by American singer and guitarist Turley Richards. His version reached number 54 in the US, but the song is best known from Randy Crawford's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20362934",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddie Reeves\"\nEddie Reeves Edward Benton Reeves (November 17, 1939 – November 18, 2018) was an American songwriter, recording artist, music publisher, artist manager, record company executive, and author. He wrote several hit songs including \"\"All I Ever Need Is You\"\" co-written with Jimmy Holiday and recorded by many artists including Ray Charles, Sonny & Cher, Ray Sanders, Andre Hazes, Tom Jones, Sammi Smith, Chet Atkins & Jerry Reed and Kenny Rogers & Dottie West; \"\"Rings\"\", co-written with Alex Harvey and recorded by Cymarron, Lobo, Reuben Howell, Leo Kottke, Twiggy, Tompall and The Glaser Brothers, Lonnie Mack (a vocal rendition from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1344232",
"chunk_text": "\"That Day When She Needed Me\"\ndifferent from every other tune the Contours had recorded up to that point. A unique counterpoint to the group's trademark rough, raucous delivery, \"\"That Day\"\" was a soft, quiet, and heart-felt ballad with a unique call and response delivery,(structured like a \"\"\"\"question and answer session\"\"\"\"). Though the song wasn't on the \"\"A\"\" side, it still became a hit, making it The Contours' only charting flip-side hit. In the song, Billy Gordon, the lead singer, acts as the narrator, while the rest of the group (Billy Hoggs, Sylvester Potts, Joe Billingslea, Hubert Johnson, and guitarist Huey Davis) ask him questions. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14173147",
"chunk_text": "\"Just What I Needed\"\nJust What I Needed \"\"Just What I Needed\"\" is a song by American rock band the Cars, released as their debut single from their self-titled debut album, released in 1978 on Elektra Records. After achieving exposure as a demo, the song became a successful single for The Cars, hitting the top 30 in America. Appearing on numerous compilation albums, it has become one of the band's most popular songs. \"\"Just What I Needed\"\", like many other tracks on \"\"The Cars\"\", originated as a demo tape recorded by the band in 1977. This song first appeared in 1977 on Boston radio",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10068807",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Needed Someone\"\nNeeded Someone\"\" \"\"full circle\"\". Everett comments that the three-part parallel harmony singing, for which Crosby, Stills & Nash were \"\"revered\"\", suggests the influence of \"\"If I Needed Someone\"\". Writing in \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" in January 2002, Greg Kot described \"\"If I Needed Someone\"\" as Harrison's \"\"finest tune to date\"\" by 1965. In the same publication, David Fricke included it in his list of the \"\"25 Essential Harrison Performances\"\". Fricke described the track as, variously, a \"\"folk-rock diamond\"\" and \"\"the ultimate compliment\"\" to the Byrds in its \"\"striking blend of cool dismissal ... and crystalline riffing\"\". Writing for \"\"Q\"\" magazine, John Harris",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "684398",
"chunk_text": "\"Albert Hammond\"\n\"\"When I Need You\"\" was first recorded by Hammond on his 1976 album \"\"When I Need You.\"\" Produced by Richard Perry, Leo Sayer's version made No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart for two weeks in February 1977, after three of his earlier singles had stalled at No. 2. Commercially successful worldwide, it reached No. 1 In Canada (RPM Top Singles) (also for two weeks), and on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for a week in May 1977. Leapy Lee released a version of \"\"When I Need You\"\" on his first recording since 1970. Hammond had success as a singer-songwriter with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3666161",
"chunk_text": "\"Just You\"\nbecame the duo's third top twenty hit after \"\"I Got You Babe\"\" and \"\"Baby Don't Go\"\". In 1971, Tirso Cruz III with Nora Aunor on their duet album \"\"Dream Come True\"\" (under Vicor Records). Just You \"\"Just You\"\" is a song written by Sonny Bono and recorded in January 1965 by US singing duo Sonny and Cher. The single, released in April 1965, was their first on the ATCO label; previously they were under contract to Reprise Records. Initially the record did not chart, but in the slipstream of the phenomenal success of \"\"I Got You Babe\"\" it was rereleased",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "221662",
"chunk_text": "\"Just You 'n' Me\"\nJust You 'n' Me \"\"Just You 'n' Me\"\" is a song written by James Pankow for the group Chicago and recorded for their fifth studio album \"\"Chicago VI\"\" (1973). The lead vocals are sung by bassist Peter Cetera. The second single released from that album, it was more successful than the first single, \"\"Feelin' Stronger Every Day\"\", reaching #4 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and #1 on the \"\"Cash Box\"\" Top 100. Walter Parazaider plays a soprano saxophone solo during the instrumental section while guitarist Terry Kath uses a wah-wah pedal and phase shifter on his guitar. \"\"Just You",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3756618",
"chunk_text": "\"Where Were You When I Needed You\"\nYou When I Needed You\"\", \"\"(These Are) Bad Times\"\", \"\"Only When You're Lonely\"\", \"\"This Is What I Was Made For\"\", Tip of My Tongue\"\" and \"\"Look Out Girl\"\". Sloan and Barri had written the song \"\"Where Were You When I Needed You\"\" for the Hermans Hermits movie \"\"Hold On!\"\" The Hermits chose not to release the song as the follow-up single to the Sloan and Barri song, \"\"A Must to Avoid\"\". Sloan and Barri persuaded their boss, Dunhill Records head Lou Adler, to let them record a single version of the song in 1965. The demo was sent to several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20362943",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddie Reeves\"\nin his book, he requested that he be cremated and his ashes scattered in Middle Fork Lake in New Mexico. Eddie Reeves Edward Benton Reeves (November 17, 1939 – November 18, 2018) was an American songwriter, recording artist, music publisher, artist manager, record company executive, and author. He wrote several hit songs including \"\"All I Ever Need Is You\"\" co-written with Jimmy Holiday and recorded by many artists including Ray Charles, Sonny & Cher, Ray Sanders, Andre Hazes, Tom Jones, Sammi Smith, Chet Atkins & Jerry Reed and Kenny Rogers & Dottie West; \"\"Rings\"\", co-written with Alex Harvey and recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10068778",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Needed Someone\"\non the national singles chart. Harrison wrote the song for Pattie Boyd, the English model whom he married in January 1966. The lyrics convey an ambivalent tone, however, and have invited interpretation as a message to a casual love interest. Harrison based the song's jangly guitar riff on a riff used by Roger McGuinn in the Byrds' adaptation of \"\"The Bells of Rhymney\"\". \"\"If I Needed Someone\"\" features prominent three-part harmony vocals and Rickenbacker twelve-string electric guitar – the instrument that the Byrds had adopted to replicate Harrison's sound in the 1964 film \"\"A Hard Day's Night\"\". The song's use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17014424",
"chunk_text": "\"Bonnie Pointer\"\nBonnie Pointer Patricia Eva \"\"Bonnie\"\" Pointer (born July 11, 1950) is an American singer, most notable for being a member of the Grammy Award–winning vocal group, The Pointer Sisters. Pointer scored several moderate solo hits after leaving the Pointers in 1977, including a disco cover of The Elgins' \"\"Heaven Must Have Sent You\"\" which became a U.S. top 20 pop hit on September 1, 1979. Bonnie and youngest sister June began singing together as teenagers and in 1969 the duo had co-founded The Pointers (otherwise known as The Pair). After Anita joined the duo that same year, they changed their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_408
|
where is the highest level of fluoride stored in the teeth?
|
n/a
|
[
"surface of the enamel"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15914709",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation\"\nbacteria, its effect on bacterial growth does not seem to be relevant to cavity prevention. Fluoride's effects depend on the total daily intake of fluoride from all sources. About 70–90% of ingested fluoride is absorbed into the blood, where it distributes throughout the body. In infants 80–90% of absorbed fluoride is retained, with the rest excreted, mostly via urine; in adults about 60% is retained. About 99% of retained fluoride is stored in bone, teeth, and other calcium-rich areas, where excess quantities can cause fluorosis. Drinking water is typically the largest source of fluoride. In many industrialized countries swallowed toothpaste",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "928715",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth enamel\"\nFluoride can be found in many locations naturally, such as the ocean and other water sources. The recommended dosage of fluoride in drinking water depends on air temperature. Fluoride catalyzes the diffusion of calcium and phosphate into the tooth surface, which in turn remineralizes the crystalline structures in a dental cavity. The remineralized tooth surfaces contain fluoridated hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite, which resist acid attack much better than the original tooth did. Fluoride therapy is used to help prevent dental decay. Fluoride ion, as an antimicrobial, may activate bacteria fluoride-induced genes associated with fluoride riboswitches. The combination of fluoride ion and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15317732",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation\"\nWater fluoridation Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay. Fluoridated water contains fluoride at a level that is effective for preventing cavities; this can occur naturally or by adding fluoride. Fluoridated water operates on tooth surfaces: in the mouth, it creates low levels of fluoride in saliva, which reduces the rate at which tooth enamel demineralizes and increases the rate at which it remineralizes in the early stages of cavities. Typically a fluoridated compound is added to drinking water, a process that in the U.S. costs an average of about",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3038518",
"chunk_text": "Defluoridation\nDefluoridation Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water. An excess of fluoride in drinking water causes dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. The World Health Organization has recommended a guideline value of 1.5 mg/L as the concentration above which dental fluorosis is likely. Fluorosis is endemic in more than 20 developed and developing nations. Fluorosis was not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216739",
"chunk_text": "Fluoride\ndental fluorosis, the upper limit of fluoride is set at 10 mg/day regardless of weight. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Dietary Reference Intakes, which is the \"\"highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects\"\" specify 10 mg/day for most people, corresponding to 10 L of fluoridated water with no risk. For infants and young children the values are smaller, ranging from 0.7 mg/d for infants to 2.2 mg/d. Water and food sources of fluoride include community water fluoridation, seafood, tea, and gelatin. Soluble fluoride salts, of which sodium",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15308060",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluoride therapy\"\nthe concentration of other substances in the mouth, such as phosphate and calcium. Fluoride reduces the decay of tooth enamel by the formation of fluorapatite and its incorporation into the dental enamel. The fluoride ions reduce the rate of tooth enamel demineralization and increase the rate of remineralization of teeth at the early stages of cavities. Fluoride exerts these effects by the demineralization and remineralization cycle. The remineralization cycle, critical to decay prevention, occurs when fluoride is present in the oral cavity. After fluoride is swallowed it has a minimal effect. Fluoride ions are involved in three principle reactions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216738",
"chunk_text": "Fluoride\nIn areas where water is fluoridated this can be expected to be a significant source of fluoride, however fluoride is also naturally present in virtually all foods and beverages at wide range of concentrations. The maximum safe daily consumption of fluoride is 10 mg/day for an adult (U.S.) or 7 mg/day (European Union). The upper limit of fluoride intake from all sources (fluoridated water, food, beverages, fluoride dental products and dietary fluoride supplements) is set at 0.10 mg/kg/day for infants, toddlers, and children through to 8 years old. For older children and adults, who are no longer at risk for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15308059",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluoride therapy\"\nvisit to the dentist, and the dental office was later found liable for the death. Strictly speaking, fluoride therapy repairs rather than prevents damage to the teeth, causing the mineral fluorapatite to be incorporated into damaged tooth enamel. Fluorapatite is not a natural component of human teeth, although it is found in the teeth of sharks. The main mineral found in natural tooth enamel is hydroxyapatite rather than the fluorapatite created in the presence of fluoride. Even without fluoride, teeth experience alternating increases and decreases in mineral content, depending upon how acidic or alkaline the mouth is, and depending upon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14199214",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluoridation by country\"\nFluoridation by country Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay, and is handled differently by country. Fluoridated water has fluoride at a level that is effective for preventing cavities; this can occur naturally or by adding fluoride. Fluoridated water operates on tooth surfaces: in the mouth it creates low levels of fluoride in saliva, which reduces the rate at which tooth enamel demineralizes and increases the rate at which it remineralizes in the early stages of cavities. Typically a fluoridated compound is added to drinking water, a process that in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151872",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nscore is based on the most severe form of fluorosis found on two or more teeth. Proposed by Thylstrup and Fejerskov in 1978, the TF index represents a logical extension of Dean's index, incorporating modern understanding of the underlying pathology of fluorosis. It scores the spectrum of fluorotic changes in enamel from 0 to 9, allowing more precise definition of mild and severe cases. Dental fluorosis is caused by a higher than normal amount of fluoride ingestion whilst teeth are forming. Primary dentine fluorosis and enamel fluorosis can only happen during tooth formation, so fluoride exposure occurs in childhood. Enamel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151886",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\ntermed \"\"dental fluorosis\"\". Through epidemiological studies in the USA, Henry Trendley Dean helped to identify a causal link between high concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water and mottled enamel. He also produced a classification system for dental fluorosis that is still used in modern times, Dean's Index. As research continued, the protective effect of fluoride against dental decay was demonstrated. Dental fluorosis Dental fluorosis (also termed mottled enamel) is an extremely common disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel causing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216729",
"chunk_text": "Fluoride\nfor human health, necessary to prevent dental cavities, and to promote healthy bone growth. The tea plant (\"\"Camellia sinensis\"\" L.) is a known accumulator of fluorine compounds, released upon forming infusions such as the common beverage. The fluorine compounds decompose into products including fluoride ions. Fluoride is the most bioavailable form of fluorine, and as such, tea is potentially a vehicle for fluoride dosing. Approximately, 50% of absorbed fluoride is excreted renally with a twenty-four-hour period. The remainder can be retained in the oral cavity, and lower digestive tract. Fasting dramatically increases the rate of fluoride absorption to near 100%,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14741910",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth enamel\"\nthe amount of fluoride in water. For this reason, codes have been developed by dental professionals to limit the amount of fluoride a person should take. These codes are supported by the American Dental Association and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry; Furthermore, whereas topical fluoride, found in toothpaste and mouthwashes, does not cause fluorosis, its effects are now considered more important than those of systemic fluoride, such as when drinking fluorinated water. However, systemic fluoride works topically as well with fluoride levels in saliva increase also when drinking fluoridated water. Lately, dental professionals are looking for other ways to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "297441",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth decay\"\nand plaque bacteria inside pits and fissures and need to be replaced so they must be checked regularly by dental professionals. Dental sealants have been shown to be more effective at preventing occlusal decay when compared to fluoride varnish applications. Calcium, as found in food such as milk and green vegetables, is often recommended to protect against dental caries. Fluoride helps prevent decay of a tooth by binding to the hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel. Streptococcus mutans is the leading cause of tooth decay. Low concentration fluoride ions act as bacteriostatic therapeutic agent and high concentration fluoride ions are bactericidal. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9973486",
"chunk_text": "\"Remineralisation of teeth\"\nconstantly circulates the oral cavity, is capable of impacting both the remineralisation and demineralisation processes. It is secreted through the major salivary glands including the parotid, submandibular, sublingual and Von Ebner's glands as well as the hundreds of minor salivary glands that are located throughout the oral cavity. Remineralization occurs on a daily basis after an acidogenic challenge through the presence of saliva. Calcium, phosphate and fluoride found in saliva, are required for effective remineralization and maintenance of the enamel surface integrity. Therefore, as saliva is rich in calcium and phosphate ions, it can act as a natural buffer to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1859774",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nis fluoridated at the level of 1 ppm, one must consume one litre of water in order to take in 1 mg of fluoride. It is thus improbable a person will receive more than the tolerable upper limit from consuming optimally fluoridated water alone. Fluoride consumption can exceed the tolerable upper limit when someone drinks a lot of fluoride-containing water in combination with other fluoride sources, such as swallowing fluoridated toothpaste, consuming food with a high fluoride content, or consuming fluoride supplements. The use of fluoride supplements as a prevention for tooth decay is rare in areas with water fluoridation,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1859760",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nDental fluorosis Dental fluorosis (also termed mottled enamel) is an extremely common disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration, and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth. The severity of the condition is dependent on the dose, duration, and age of the individual during the exposure. The \"\"very mild\"\" (and most common) form of fluorosis, is characterized by small, opaque, \"\"paper white” areas scattered irregularly over the tooth, covering less than 25% of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11000024",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluoride toxicity\"\nfor a 50 kg person) than lethal doses. Although it is helpful for dental health in low dosage, chronic exposure to fluoride in large amounts interferes with bone formation. In this way, the most widespread examples of fluoride poisoning arise from consumption of ground water that is abnormally fluoride-rich. For optimal dental health, the World Health Organization recommends a level of fluoride from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L (milligrams per liter), depending on climate. Fluorosis becomes possible above this recommended dosage. As of 2015, the United States Health and Human Services Department recommends a maximum of 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15914707",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation\"\ndemineralization exceeds the rate of remineralization, typically in a process that requires many months or years. All fluoridation methods, including water fluoridation, create low levels of fluoride ions in saliva and plaque fluid, thus exerting a topical or surface effect. A person living in an area with fluoridated water may experience rises of fluoride concentration in saliva to about 0.04 mg/L several times during a day. Technically, this fluoride does not prevent cavities but rather controls the rate at which they develop. When fluoride ions are present in plaque fluid along with dissolved hydroxyapatite, and the pH is higher than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4671922",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluorine deficiency\"\nFluorine deficiency Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries (or tooth decay, is the breakdown of dental tissues by the acidic products released by the \"\"bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates.\"\") and possibly osteoporosis (a bone disorder which leads to a decrease in bone mass, and an increase in bone fragility), due to a lack of fluoride in the diet. In terms of dietary sources, fish and tea are considered natural sources of fluoride, as well as tap water that has been fluoridated. The extent to which the condition truly exists, and its relationship to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151876",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nfluorosis of 22% from 1986-87 increased to 41% in the early 21st century, with an increase in moderate to severe dental fluorosis from 1% to 4%. The 2011-12 NHANES figures documented another 31% overall increase among American teens since the previous decade, with a total adolescent population impact of 61% afflicted. More than one in five American teens (23%) have moderate to severe dental fluorosis on at least two teeth. Teeth are the most studied body tissues to examine the impact of fluoride to human health. There are a few possible mechanisms that have been proposed. It is generally believed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "319040",
"chunk_text": "\"Remineralisation of teeth\"\ndue to these surface effects, which occur during and after tooth eruption. Fluoride interferes with the process of tooth decay as fluoride intake during the period of enamel development for up to 7 years of age; the fluoride alters the structure of the developing enamel making it more resistant to acid attack. In children and adults when teeth are subjected to the alternating stages of demineralisation and remineralisation, the presence of fluoride intake encourages remineralisation and ensures that the enamel crystals that are laid down are of improved quality. Fluoride is commonly found in toothpastes. Fluoride can be delivered to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4671923",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluorine deficiency\"\nfluoride poisoning has given rise to some controversy. Fluorine is not considered to be an essential nutrient, but the importance of fluorides for preventing tooth decay is well-recognized, although the effect is predominantly topical. Prior to 1981, the effect of fluorides was thought to be largely systemic and preeruptive, requiring ingestion. Fluoride is considered essential in the development and maintenance of teeth by the American Dental Hygienists' Association. Fluoride is also essential as it incorporates into the teeth to form and harden teeth enamels so that the teeth are more acid resistant as well as more resistant to cavity forming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "319037",
"chunk_text": "\"Remineralisation of teeth\"\ngreatly impacts the pH of plaque surrounding the enamel, thereby inhibiting caries progression. Plaque thickness and the number of bacteria present determine the effectiveness of salivary buffers. The high salivary concentrations of calcium and phosphate which are maintained by salivary proteins may account for the development and remineralisation of enamel. The presence of fluoride in saliva speeds up crystal precipitation forming a fluorapatite- like coating which will be more resistant to caries. Besides professional dental care, there are other ways for promoting tooth remineralisation: Fluoride is a mineral found naturally in rock, air, soil, plants and water and it assists",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4671930",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluorine deficiency\"\nof EAR. AI and UL defined the same as in United States. For women ages 18 and older the AI is set at 2.9 mg/day (includes pregnancy and lactation). For men the value is 3.4 mg/day. For children ages 1–17 years the AIs increase with age from 0.6 to 3.2 mg/day. These AIs are comparable to the U.S. AIs. The EFSA reviewed safety evidence and set an adult UL at 7.0 mg/day (lower for children). Fluorine deficiency Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries (or tooth decay, is the breakdown of dental tissues by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5190678",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation in the United States\"\nand low fluoride Wichita Falls. The data is alleged to show fewer cavities in Amarillo children, but the studies were never published. Dr. Dean's research on the fluoride-dental caries relationship, published in 1942, included 7,000 children from 21 cities in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. The study concluded that the optimal amount of fluoride which minimized the risk of severe fluorosis but had positive benefits for tooth decay was 1 mg per day, per adult. Although fluoride is more abundant in the environment today, this was estimated to correlate with the concentration of 1 mg/L. In 1937, dentists Henry Klein",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4671926",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluorine deficiency\"\nfluoride is incorporated into their developing enamel. This in turn causes their teeth to become less prone to decay. Therefore, a relationship can be formulated, in that the more fluoride entering the body, the overall decline in the rate of decay. Fluorine is the 13th most aboundant element in the Earth's crust. The ionic form of fluorine is called fluoride. Fluoride is most commonly found as inorganic or organic fluorides such as naturally occurring calcium fluoride or synthetic sodium fluoride. There are a number of sources of fluoride, these include: In Australia fluoride occurs naturally within water supplies, at a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9827845",
"chunk_text": "Fluorapatite\nphosphoric and hydrofluoric acids. Fluorapatite as a mineral is the most common phosphate mineral. It occurs widely as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks and in calcium rich metamorphic rocks. It commonly occurs as a detrital or diagenic mineral in sedimentary rocks and is an essential component of phosphorite ore deposits. It occurs as a residual mineral in lateritic soils. Fluorapatite is found in the teeth of sharks and other fishes in varying concentrations. It is also present in human teeth that have been exposed to fluoride ions, for example, through water fluoridation or by using fluoride-containing toothpaste. The presence",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12631042",
"chunk_text": "Toothpaste\nStates has 1,000 to 1,100 parts per million fluoride. In European countries, such as the UK or Greece, the fluoride content is often higher; a NaF content of 0.312% w/w (1,450 ppm fluoride) is common. All of these concentrations are likely to prevent tooth decay, according to a 2010 Cochrane review. Concentrations below 1,000 ppm are not likely to be preventive, and the preventive effect increases with concentration. Clinical trials support the use of high fluoride dentifrices, as it was found to reduce the amount of plaque accumulated, decrease the number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and possibly promote calcium",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151874",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nand therefore their susceptibility to fluorosis is greatly reduced, or even insignificant, despite the amount of intake of fluoride. The severity of dental fluorosis depends on the amount of fluoride exposure, the age of the child, individual response, weight, degree of physical activity, nutrition, and bone growth. Individual susceptibility to fluorosis is also influenced by genetic factors. Many well-known sources of fluoride may contribute to overexposure including dentifrice/fluoridated mouthrinse (which young children may swallow), excessive ingestion of fluoride toothpaste, bottled waters which are not tested for their fluoride content, inappropriate use of fluoride supplements, ingestion of foods especially imported from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19980520",
"chunk_text": "Fluorine\nPopulation studies from the mid-20th century onwards show topical fluoride reduces dental caries. This was first attributed to the conversion of tooth enamel hydroxyapatite into the more durable fluorapatite, but studies on pre-fluoridated teeth refuted this hypothesis, and current theories involve fluoride aiding enamel growth in small caries. After studies of children in areas where fluoride was naturally present in drinking water, controlled public water supply fluoridation to fight tooth decay began in the 1940s and is now applied to water supplying 6 percent of the global population, including two-thirds of Americans. Reviews of the scholarly literature in 2000 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "297434",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth decay\"\ndisease) than tooth decay. Food is forced inside pits and fissures under chewing pressure, leading to carbohydrate-fueled acid demineralisation where the brush, fluoride toothpaste, and saliva have no access to remove trapped food, neutralise acid, or remineralise demineralised tooth like on other more accessible tooth surfaces. (Occlusal caries accounts for between 80 and 90% of caries in children (Weintraub, 2001).) Higher concentrations of fluoride (>1,000 ppm) in toothpaste also helps prevents tooth decay, with the effect increasing with concentration. A randomized clinical trial demonstrated that toothpastes that contain arginine have greater protection against tooth cavitation than the regular fluoride toothpastes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1859772",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nsevere fluorosis are the result of damage to the severely hypomineralized, brittle and fragile enamel which occurs after they erupt into the mouth. Hydroxyapatite is converted to fluorohydroxyapatite as follows: Ca(PO)(OH) + F- + H → Ca(PO)(OH)F + HO Dental fluorosis may or may not be of cosmetic concern. In some cases, there may be varying degrees of negative psychosocial effects. The treatment options are: Fluorosis is extremely common, with 41% of adolescents having definite fluorosis, and another 20% \"\"questionably\"\" having fluorosis according to the Centers for Disease Control. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control found a 9 percentage point",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19416987",
"chunk_text": "\"Human tooth\"\nbirth, infection or trauma from a deciduous tooth. Dental fluorosis is a condition which results from ingesting excessive amounts of fluoride and leads to teeth which are spotted, yellow, brown, black or sometimes pitted. In most cases, the enamel defects caused by celiac disease, which may be the only manifestation of this disease in the absence of any other symptoms or signs, are not recognized and mistakenly attributed to other causes, such as fluorosis. Enamel hypoplasia resulting from syphilis is frequently referred to as Hutchinson's teeth, which is considered one part of Hutchinson's triad. Turner's hypoplasia is a portion of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1859775",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nbut was recommended by many dentists in the UK until the early 1990s. Dental fluorosis can be prevented by lowering the amount of fluoride intake to below the tolerable upper limit. In November 2006 the American Dental Association published information stating that water fluoridation is safe, effective and healthy; that enamel fluorosis, usually mild and difficult for anyone except a dental health care professional to see, can result from ingesting more than optimal amounts of fluoride in early childhood; that it is safe to use fluoridated water to mix infant formula; and that the probability of babies developing fluorosis can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9827846",
"chunk_text": "Fluorapatite\nof fluorapatite helps prevent tooth decay or dental caries. Fluoroapatite has a critical pH of 4.5, thus, it makes tooth structure more resistant to additional caries attack. It has a mild bacteriostatic property as well which helps in decreasing the proliferation of Streptococcus mutans, the predominant bacteria related to dental caries. Fluorapatite can be synthesized in a three step process. First, calcium phosphate is generated by combining calcium and phosphate salts at neutral pH.This material then reacts further with fluoride sources (often sodium monofluorophosphate or calcium fluoride (CaF)) to give the mineral. This reaction is integral in the global phosphorus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151873",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nfluorosis has a white opaque appearance which is due to the surface of the enamel being hypomineralised. The most superficial concern in dental fluorosis is aesthetic changes in the permanent dentition (the adult teeth). The period when these teeth are at highest risk of developing fluorosis is between when the child is born up to 6 years old, though there has been some research which proposes that the most crucial course is during the first 2 years of the child's life. From roughly 7 years old thereafter, most children's permanent teeth would have undergone complete development (except their wisdom teeth),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "327944",
"chunk_text": "Ameloblast\nshowing a disruption in enamel production when the person is born. High fevers in childhood are also an example of bodily stressors causing interruptions in enamel production. Another possible example of this sensitivity (stress response pathway activation) may be the development of dental fluorosis after childhood exposure (between the ages of 2 to 8 years old) to excess fluoride, an elemental agent used to increase enamel hardness and prevent dental caries. Ameloblast Ameloblasts are cells present only during tooth development that deposit tooth enamel, which is the hard outermost layer of the tooth forming the surface of the crown. Each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3038522",
"chunk_text": "Defluoridation\nrequire chemicals. It works at wide pH range and interference by other ions is negligible. Negatives include higher costs and it skilled labour . This process is not suitable for water with high salinity. Defluoridation Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water. An excess of fluoride in drinking water causes dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15914706",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation\"\nits major effect by interfering with the demineralization mechanism of tooth decay. Tooth decay is an infectious disease, the key feature of which is an increase within dental plaque of bacteria such as \"\"Streptococcus mutans\"\" and \"\"Lactobacillus\"\". These produce organic acids when carbohydrates, especially sugar, are eaten. When enough acid is produced to lower the pH below 5.5, the acid dissolves carbonated hydroxyapatite, the main component of tooth enamel, in a process known as \"\"demineralization\"\". After the sugar is gone, some of the mineral loss can be recovered—or \"\"remineralized\"\"—from ions dissolved in the saliva. Cavities result when the rate of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15317759",
"chunk_text": "\"Water fluoridation\"\n4.5, a fluorapatite-like remineralized veneer is formed over the remaining surface of the enamel; this veneer is much more acid-resistant than the original hydroxyapatite, and is formed more quickly than ordinary remineralized enamel would be. The cavity-prevention effect of fluoride is mostly due to these surface effects, which occur during and after tooth eruption. Although some systemic (whole-body) fluoride returns to the saliva via blood plasma, and to unerupted teeth via plasma or crypt fluid, there is little data to determine what percentages of fluoride's anticavity effect comes from these systemic mechanisms. Also, although fluoride affects the physiology of dental",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14151875",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental fluorosis\"\nother countries, and public water fluoridation. The last of these sources is directly or indirectly responsible for 40% of all fluorosis, but the resulting effect due to water fluoridation is largely and typically aesthetic. Severe cases can be caused by exposure to water that is naturally fluoridated to levels above the recommended levels, or by exposure to other fluoride sources such as brick tea or pollution from high fluoride coal. Dental fluorosis has been growing in the United States concurrent with fluoridation of municipal water supplies, although disproportionately by race. A 2010 CDC report acknowledges an overall incidence of dental",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "319038",
"chunk_text": "\"Remineralisation of teeth\"\nby: Fluoride therapy is often used to promote remineralisation. This produces the stronger and more acid-resistant fluorapatite, rather than the natural hydroxyapatite. Both materials are made of calcium. In fluorapatite, fluoride takes the place of a hydroxide. The presence of fluoride in saliva and plaque fluid interacts with remineralisation process in many ways and thus exerts a topical or surface effect. A person living in an area with fluoridated water may experience rises of fluoride concentration in saliva to about 0.04 mg/L several times during a day. Technically, this fluoride does not prevent cavities but rather controls the rate at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1280418",
"chunk_text": "\"CrcB RNA motif\"\ncoordinating the fluoride ligand to bind. The placement of the Mg ions positions the fluoride ion into the negatively charged \"\"crcB\"\" RNA scaffold. In the earth’s crust, fluoride is the 13th most abundant element. It is commonly used in oral healthcare products and water. The fluoride acts as a hardening agent with the enamel base on teeth, remineralizing and protecting them from harsh acids and bacteria in the oral cavity. Additionally, its significance lies in the effect of the toxicity of fluoride at high concentrations to bacteria, especially those that cause dental caries. It has long been known that many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8634601",
"chunk_text": "\"Sodium fluoride\"\n(NaHF). Heating the latter releases HF and gives NaF. In a 1986 report, the annual worldwide consumption of NaF was estimated to be several million tonnes. Fluoride salts are often added to municipal drinking water (as well as certain food products in some countries) for the purposes of maintaining dental health. The fluoride enhances the strength of teeth by the formation of fluorapatite, a naturally occurring component of tooth enamel. Although sodium fluoride is used to fluoridate water and, indeed, is the standard by which other water-fluoridation compounds are gauged, hexafluorosilicic acid (HSiF) and its salt sodium hexafluorosilicate (NaSiF) are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4713603",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth enamel\"\nnumber and variety of bacteria, and when sucrose, the most common of sugars, coats the surface of the mouth, some intraoral bacteria interact with it and form lactic acid, which decreases the pH in the mouth. Then, the hydroxyapatite crystals of enamel demineralize, allowing for greater bacterial invasion deeper into the tooth. The most important bacterium involved with tooth decay is \"\"Streptococcus mutans\"\", but the number and type of bacteria varies with the progress of tooth destruction. Furthermore, tooth morphology dictates that the most common site for the initiation of dental caries is in the deep grooves, pits, and fissures",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14874779",
"chunk_text": "Halogen\nto 10 grams. Prolonged consumption of fluoride above concentrations of 1.5 mg/L is associated with a risk of dental fluorosis, an aesthetic condition of the teeth. At concentrations above 4 mg/L, there is an increased risk of developing skeletal fluorosis, a condition in which bone fractures become more common due to the hardening of bones. Current recommended levels in water fluoridation, a way to prevent dental caries, range from 0.7 to 1.2 mg/L to avoid the detrimental effects of fluoride while at the same time reaping the benefits. People with levels between normal levels and those required for skeletal fluorosis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11501331",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluoride therapy\"\nor absorb to the oral mucosa. Second, it is available as profluoride compounds which can precipitate in the mouth during toothbrushing and release ionic fluoride. Lastly, fluoride in toothpaste can exist as unavailable fluoride compounds which do not release fluoride ions. This is due to the fluoride ions being swallowed or expelled when spitting. High-fluoride content toothpaste generally contains 1.1% (5,000 ppm) sodium fluoride toothpaste. This type of toothpaste is used in the same manner as regular toothpaste. The application of high-fluoride content toothpaste in adults twice daily improves the surface hardness of untreated root decay when compared to toothpaste",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "963223",
"chunk_text": "\"Biological aspects of fluorine\"\nknown as positron emission tomography (PET). A PET scan produces three-dimensional colored images of parts of the body that use a lot of sugar, particularly the brain or tumors. Since the mid-20th century, it has been discerned from population studies (though incompletely understood) that fluoride reduces tooth decay. Initially, researchers hypothesized that fluoride helped by converting tooth enamel from the more acid-soluble mineral hydroxyapatite to the less acid-soluble mineral fluorapatite. However, more recent studies showed no difference in the frequency of caries (cavities) amongst teeth that were pre-fluoridated to different degrees. Current thinking is that fluoride prevents cavities primarily by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216730",
"chunk_text": "Fluoride\nfrom a 60% to 80% when taken with food. Per a 2013 study, it was found that consumption of one litre of tea a day, can potentially supply the daily recommended intake of 4 mg per day. Some lower quality brands can supply up to a 120% of this amount. Fasting can increase this to 150%. The study indicates that tea drinking communities are at an increased risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis, in the case where water fluoridation is in effect. Fluoride ion in low doses in the mouth reduces tooth decay. For this reason, it is used in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_409
|
ganglion axons forming the optic nerve run to the?
|
n/a
|
[
"pretectal nucleus",
"suprachiasmatic nucleus",
"photoreceptor cells",
"lateral geniculate nucleus",
"optic chiasma"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19694982",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\nOptic disc The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye. The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The optic disc in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943126",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nof the retinal ganglion cells of one retina. In the fovea, which has high acuity, these ganglion cells connect to as few as 5 photoreceptor cells; in other areas of retina, they connect to many thousand photoreceptors. The optic nerve leaves the orbit (eye socket) via the optic canal, running postero-medially towards the optic chiasm, where there is a partial decussation (crossing) of fibres from the temporal visual fields (the nasal hemi-retina) of both eyes. The proportion of decussating fibers varies between species, and is correlated with the degree of binocular vision enjoyed by a species. Most of the axons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1818992",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nOptic nerve The optic nerve, also known as cranial nerve II, or simply as CN II, is a paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. In humans, the optic nerve is derived from optic stalks during the seventh week of development and is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells; it extends from the optic disc to the optic chiasma and continues as the optic tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus, pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. The optic nerve is the second of twelve paired cranial nerves and is technically part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19505887",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\npatients without glaucoma. Optic disc The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye. The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The optic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943125",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\n(dura, arachnoid, and pia mater) rather than the epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium found in peripheral nerves. Fiber tracts of the mammalian central nervous system (as opposed to the peripheral nervous system) are incapable of regeneration, and, hence, optic nerve damage produces irreversible blindness. The fibres from the retina run along the optic nerve to nine primary visual nuclei in the brain, from which a major relay inputs into the primary visual cortex. The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells. Each human optic nerve contains between 770,000 and 1.7 million nerve fibers, which are axons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6919812",
"chunk_text": "Retina\nganglion cells), and those showing non-linear summation are Y cells (also called magnocellular, M, or parasol retinal ganglion cells), although the correspondence between X and Y cells (in the cat retina) and P and M cells (in the primate retina) is not as simple as it once seemed. In the transfer of visual signals to the brain, the visual pathway, the retina is vertically divided in two, a temporal (nearer to the temple) half and a nasal (nearer to the nose) half. The axons from the nasal half cross the brain at the optic chiasma to join with axons from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16017001",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nseveral regions in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon, or midbrain. Retinal ganglion cells vary significantly in terms of their size, connections, and responses to visual stimulation but they all share the defining property of having a long axon that extends into the brain. These axons form the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. A small percentage of retinal ganglion cells contribute little or nothing to vision, but are themselves photosensitive; their axons form the retinohypothalamic tract and contribute to circadian rhythms and pupillary light reflex, the resizing of the pupil. The six types of retinal neurons are bipolar cells,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7455238",
"chunk_text": "\"Visual system\"\noptic nerve go to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus. These axons originate from the M, P, and K ganglion cells in the retina, see above. This parallel processing is important for reconstructing the visual world; each type of information will go through a different route to perception. Another population sends information to the superior colliculus in the midbrain, which assists in controlling eye movements (saccades) as well as other motor responses. A final population of photosensitive ganglion cells, containing melanopsin for photosensitivity, sends information via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) to the pretectum (pupillary reflex), to several structures involved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6919788",
"chunk_text": "Retina\nThe vertebrate retina has ten distinct layers. From closest to farthest from the vitreous body: These layers can be grouped into 4 main processing stages: photoreception; transmission to bipolar cells; transmission to ganglion cells, which also contain photoreceptors, the photosensitive ganglion cells; and transmission along the optic nerve. At each synaptic stage there are also laterally connecting horizontal and amacrine cells. The optic nerve is a central tract of many axons of ganglion cells connecting primarily to the lateral geniculate body, a visual relay station in the diencephalon (the rear of the forebrain). It also projects to the superior colliculus,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844788",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nlie) in a peripheral high-central low gradient. Slit is also expressed in a similar pattern, secreted from the cells in the lens. Adhesion molecules, like N-CAM and L1, will promote growth centrally and will also help to properly fasciculate (bundle) the RGC axons together. Shh is expressed in a high central, low peripheral gradient, promoting central-projecting RGC axons extension via Patched-1, the principal receptor for Shh, mediated signaling. RGCs exit the retinal ganglion cell layer through the optic disc, which requires a 45° turn. This requires complex interactions with optic disc glial cells which will express local gradients of Netrin-1,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1121883",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nlayer, reducing the quality of vision. There are human eye diseases where this does, in fact, happen. In some vertebrates, for example the chicken, the ganglion cell axons \"\"are\"\" myelinated inside the retina. [[Category:Histology]] [[Category:Human eye anatomy]] [[Category:Visual system]] [[Category:Human cells]] [[Category:Neurons]] Retinal ganglion cell A retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is a type of neuron located near the inner surface (the ganglion cell layer) of the retina of the eye. It receives visual information from photoreceptors via two intermediate neuron types: bipolar cells and retina amacrine cells. Retina amacrine cells, particularly narrow field cells, are important for creating functional subunits",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "246410",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nremain in the optic nerve. \"\"Vax1\"\", a transcription factor is expressed by the ventral diencephalon and glial cells in the region where the chiasm is formed, and it may also be secreted to control chiasm formation. When RGCs approach the optic chiasm, the point at which the two optic nerves meet, at the ventral diencephalon around E10-E11 in the mouse, they have to make the decision to decussate to the contralateral optic tract or remain in the ipsilateral optic tract. In the mouse, about 5% of RGCs, mostly those coming from the ventral-temporal crescent (VTc) region of the retina, will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17793707",
"chunk_text": "\"Sensory root of ciliary ganglion\"\nSensory root of ciliary ganglion Sensory fibers from the eyeball (the cornea, iris, and ciliary body) run posteriorly through the short ciliary nerves and pass through the ciliary ganglion without forming synapses. They leave the ciliary ganglion in the sensory root of ciliary ganglion, which joins the nasociliary nerve—a branch of the ophthalmic nerve. From there, the signal travels back through the ophthalmic nerve to the trigeminal nerve and back into specific nuclei in the thalamus where they are relayed to areas in the cerebral cortex. The exact distribution of sensory fibers, like the distribution of sympathetic fibers, is anatomically",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7555955",
"chunk_text": "\"Ciliary ganglion\"\nCiliary ganglion The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located just behind the eye in the posterior orbit. It measures 1–2 millimeters in diameter and in humans contains approximately 2,500 neurons. The oculomotor nerve coming into the ganglion contains \"\"preganglionic\"\" axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (a part of the brainstem) which form synapses with the ciliary neurons. The \"\"postganglionic\"\" axons run in the short ciliary nerves and innervate two eye muscles: Both of these muscles are \"\"involuntary\"\" – they are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. (The others",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15724411",
"chunk_text": "\"Ciliary ganglion\"\nto make this distinction. Ciliary ganglion The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located just behind the eye in the posterior orbit. It measures 1–2 millimeters in diameter and in humans contains approximately 2,500 neurons. The oculomotor nerve coming into the ganglion contains \"\"preganglionic\"\" axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (a part of the brainstem) which form synapses with the ciliary neurons. The \"\"postganglionic\"\" axons run in the short ciliary nerves and innervate two eye muscles: Both of these muscles are \"\"involuntary\"\" – they are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331510",
"chunk_text": "\"Ganglion cell layer\"\nGanglion cell layer The ganglion cell layer (ganglionic layer) is a layer of the retina that consists of retinal ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells. In the macula lutea, the layer forms several strata. The cells are somewhat flask-shaped; the rounded internal surface of each resting on the stratum opticum, and sending off an axon which is prolonged into it. From the opposite end numerous dendrites extend into the inner plexiform layer, where they branch and form flattened arborizations at different levels. The ganglion cells vary much in size, and the dendrites of the smaller ones as a rule arborize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943124",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\ncentral nervous system, rather than the peripheral nervous system because it is derived from an out-pouching of the diencephalon (optic stalks) during embryonic development. As a consequence, the fibers of the optic nerve are covered with myelin produced by oligodendrocytes, rather than Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system, and are encased within the meninges. Peripheral neuropathies like Guillain–Barré syndrome do not affect the optic nerve. However, most typically the optic nerve is grouped with the other eleven cranial nerves and considered to be part of the peripheral nervous system. The optic nerve is ensheathed in all three meningeal layers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5587823",
"chunk_text": "Diencephalon\nprosencephlon gradually divides into the telencephalon and the diencephalon. The diencephalon consists of the following structures: The optic nerve (CNII) attaches to the diencephalon. The optic nerve is a sensory (afferent) nerve responsible for vision; it runs from the eye through the optic canal in the skull and attaches to the diencephalon. The retina itself is derived from the optic cup, a part of the embryonic diencephalon. The diencephalon is the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to anterior forebrain structures including the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and pineal gland. The diencephalon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943127",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nof the optic nerve terminate in the lateral geniculate nucleus from where information is relayed to the visual cortex, while other axons terminate in the pretectal nucleus and are involved in reflexive eye movements. Other axons terminate in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Its diameter increases from about 1.6 mm within the eye to 3.5 mm in the orbit to 4.5 mm within the cranial space. The optic nerve component lengths are 1 mm in the globe, 24 mm in the orbit, 9 mm in the optic canal, and 16 mm in the cranial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13284493",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic neuritis\"\nnerve comprises axons that emerge from the retina of the eye and carry visual information to the primary visual nuclei, most of which is relayed to the occipital cortex of the brain to be processed into vision. Inflammation of the optic nerve causes loss of vision, usually because of the swelling and destruction of the myelin sheath covering the optic nerve. The most common cause is multiple sclerosis or ischemic optic neuropathy (Blood Clot). Blood Clot that supplies the optic nerve. Up to 50% of patients with MS will develop an episode of optic neuritis, and 20-30% of the time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2188668",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic neuropathy\"\npermanent and progressive. The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina. Optic neuropathy Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy. The main symptom is loss of vision, with colors appearing subtly washed out in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16017011",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\n[[Neural cell adhesion molecule]] (N-CAM) will mediate this attachment via homophilic (N-CAM binds only to that isotope of N-CAM: A with A, B with B, never A with B) interactions. Slit signaling also plays a role, preventing RGCs from growing into layers beyond the optic fiber layer. Axons form the RGCs will grow and extend towards the [[optic disc]], where they exit the eye. Once differentiated, they are bordered by an inhibitory peripheral region and a central attractive region, thus promoting extension of the axon towards the optic disc. CSPGs exist along the retinal neuroepithelium (surface over which the RGCs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6919783",
"chunk_text": "Retina\nto various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve. Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons, whose output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light. In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, specifically the embryonic diencephalon; thus, the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9870825",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic disc drusen\"\nretinal ganglion cell axons. The optic nerve head, or optic disc is the anterior end of the nerve that is in the eye and hence is visible with an ophthalmoscope. It is located nasally and slightly inferior to the macula of the eye. There is a blind spot at the optic disc because there are no rods or cones beneath it to detect light. The central retinal artery and vein can be seen in the middle of the disc as it exits the scleral canal with the optic nerve to supply the retina. The vessels send branches out in all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331511",
"chunk_text": "\"Ganglion cell layer\"\nin the inner plexiform layer as soon as they enter it; while those of the larger cells ramify close to the inner nuclear layer. Ganglion cell layer The ganglion cell layer (ganglionic layer) is a layer of the retina that consists of retinal ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells. In the macula lutea, the layer forms several strata. The cells are somewhat flask-shaped; the rounded internal surface of each resting on the stratum opticum, and sending off an axon which is prolonged into it. From the opposite end numerous dendrites extend into the inner plexiform layer, where they branch and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18314698",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic tract\"\nOptic tract The optic tract (from the Latin \"\"tractus opticus\"\") is a part of the visual system in the brain. It is a continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. It is composed of two individual tracts, the left optic tract and the right optic tract, each of which conveys visual information exclusive to its respective contralateral half of the visual field. Each of these tracts is derived from a combination of temporal and nasal retinal fibers from each eye that corresponds to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20471284",
"chunk_text": "\"Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion\"\nSympathetic root of ciliary ganglion The sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion is one of three roots of the ciliary ganglion, a tissue mass behind the eye. It contains \"\"postganglionic\"\" sympathetic fibers whose cell bodies are located in the superior cervical ganglion. Their axons ascend with the \"\"internal carotid artery\"\" as a plexus of nerves, the carotid plexus. Sympathetic fibers innervating the eye separate from the carotid plexus within the cavernous sinus. They run forward through the superior orbital fissure and merge with the long ciliary nerves (branches of the \"\"nasociliary nerve\"\") and the short ciliary nerves (from the ciliary ganglion).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331502",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal nerve fiber layer\"\nRetinal nerve fiber layer The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) or nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the optic disc, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles, and in many places arranged in plexuses. Most of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1054421",
"chunk_text": "\"Hyaloid canal\"\nHyaloid canal Hyaloid canal (Cloquet's canal and Stilling's canal) is a small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optic nerve disc to the lens. It is formed by an invagination of the hyaloid, a membrane which encloses the vitreous body. In the fetus, the hyaloid canal contains a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery, which supplies blood to the developing lens. After birth, the hyaloid canal contains lymph and its purpose is to facilitate changes in the volume of the lens. As the lens expands in positive accommodation, its volume increases. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16017000",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nRetinal ganglion cell A retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is a type of neuron located near the inner surface (the ganglion cell layer) of the retina of the eye. It receives visual information from photoreceptors via two intermediate neuron types: bipolar cells and retina amacrine cells. Retina amacrine cells, particularly narrow field cells, are important for creating functional subunits within the ganglion cell layer and making it so that ganglion cells can observe a small dot moving a small distance. Retinal ganglion cells collectively transmit image-forming and non-image forming visual information from the retina in the form of action potential to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16011677",
"chunk_text": "\"Long ciliary nerves\"\nLong ciliary nerves The long ciliary nerves, two or three in number, are given off from the nasociliary nerve as it crosses the optic nerve. The nasociliary nerve that the long ciliary nerves branch from is itself a branch of the ophthalmic branch (V) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). They accompany the short ciliary nerves from the ciliary ganglion, pierce the posterior part of the sclera, and running forward between it and the choroid, are distributed to the iris and cornea. The long ciliary nerves provide sensory innervation to the eyeball, including the cornea. In addition, they contain sympathetic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943130",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nfield terminate more superiorly, to the cuneus. The optic nerve transmits all visual information including brightness perception, color perception and contrast (visual acuity). It also conducts the visual impulses that are responsible for two important neurological reflexes: the light reflex and the accommodation reflex. The light reflex refers to the constriction of both pupils that occurs when light is shone into either eye; the accommodation reflex refers to the swelling of the lens of eye that occurs when one looks at a near object as in reading (lens adjusts to near vision). The eye's blind spot is a result of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19421854",
"chunk_text": "\"Lamina cribrosa sclerae\"\nLamina cribrosa sclerae The nerve fibers forming the optic nerve exit the eye posteriorly through a hole in the sclera that is occupied by a mesh-like structure called the lamina cribrosa. It is formed by a multilayered network of collagen fibers that insert into the scleral canal wall. The nerve fibers that comprise the optic nerve run through pores formed by these collagen beams. In humans, a central retinal artery is located slightly off-center in nasal direction. The lamina cribrosa is thought to help maintain the pressure gradient between the inside of the eye and the surrounding tissue. Being structurally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16017008",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\nreference source, please consult \"\"Connecting the Retina to the Brain\"\" by Erskine et al. and \"\"Retinal Axon Growth at the Optic Chiasm\"\" by Petros TJ et al. Most information highlighted below comes from these two excellent reviews. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are born between embryonic day 11 (E11) and post-natals (PN) day zero (PN0) in the mouse and between week 5 and week 18 \"\"in utero\"\" in human development. In mammals, RGCs are typically added at the beginning in the dorsal-central aspect of the [[Optic cup (embryology)|optic cup]], which is located in the center of the eye. Then, RC growth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331505",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal nerve fiber layer\"\nthat may generate micro bubble that can clog micro vessels. Retinal nerve fiber layer The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) or nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the optic disc, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20995487",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\nnormal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye towards the brain. The optic disc is placed 3 to 4 mm to the nasal side of the fovea. It is a vertical oval, with average dimensions of 1.76mm horizontally by 1.92mm vertically. There is a central depression, of variable size, called the optic cup. This depression can be a variety of shapes from a shallow indentation to a bean pot—this shape can be significant for diagnosis of some retinal disease. The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943128",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nspace before joining the optic chiasm. There, partial decussation occurs, and about 53% of the fibers cross to form the optic tracts. Most of these fibres terminate in the lateral geniculate body. Based on this anatomy, the optic nerve may be divided in the four parts as indicated in the image at the top of this section (this view is from above as if you were looking into the orbit after the top of the skull had been removed): 1. the optic head (which is where it begins in the eyeball (globe) with fibers from the retina; 2. orbital part",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6146565",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal precursor cells\"\nRetinal precursor cells Retinal precursor cells are biological cells that differentiate into the various cell types of the retina during development. In the vertebrate, these retinal cells differentiate into seven cell types, including retinal ganglion cells, amacrine cells, bipolar cells, horizontal cells, rod photoreceptors, cone photoreceptors, and Müller glia cells. During embryogenesis, retinal cells originate from the anterior portion of the neural plate termed the eye field. Eye field cells with a retinal fate express several transcription factor markers including Rx1, Pax6, and Lhx2. The eye field gives rise to the optic vesicle and then to the optic cup. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14241452",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic canal\"\nOptic canal The \"\"optic foramen\"\" is the opening to the optic canal. The canal is located in the sphenoid bone; it is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of the sphenoid. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove), above and behind which lies the optic chiasma; the groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery (with accompanying sympathetic nerve fibres) into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3633421",
"chunk_text": "\"Short ciliary nerves\"\nShort ciliary nerves The branches of the ciliary ganglion are the short ciliary nerves. These are delicate filaments, from six to ten in number, which arise from the forepart of the ganglion in two bundles connected with its superior and inferior angles; the lower bundle is the larger. They run forward with the ciliary arteries in a wavy course, one set above and the other below the optic nerve, and are accompanied by the long ciliary nerves from the nasociliary. They pierce the sclera at the back part of the bulb of the eye, pass forward in delicate grooves on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15589263",
"chunk_text": "\"Pupillary light reflex\"\nconsists of the retina, the optic nerve, and the pretectal nucleus in the midbrain, at level of superior colliculus. Ganglion cells of the retina project fibers through the optic nerve to the ipsilateral pretectal nucleus. The efferent limb is the pupillary motor output from the pretectal nucleus to the ciliary sphincter muscle of the iris. The pretectal nucleus projects crossed and uncrossed fibers to the ipsilateral and contralateral Edinger-Westphal nuclei, which are also located in the midbrain. Each Edinger-Westphal nucleus gives rise to preganglionic parasympathetic fibers which exit with CN III and synapse with postganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the ciliary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943135",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nand diagnose some optic nerve diseases but neuro-ophthalmologists are often best suited to diagnose and treat diseases of the optic nerve. The International Foundation for Optic Nerve Diseases (IFOND) sponsors research and provides information on a variety of optic nerve disorders. Similar to other CNS tracts, the optic has very limited regenerative potential after injury. However, some new techniques are being developed to increase this potential. Optic nerve The optic nerve, also known as cranial nerve II, or simply as CN II, is a paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. In humans, the optic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7556366",
"chunk_text": "\"Eye development\"\nprogressively deepening groove in the neural plate called the optic sulcus. Some studies suggest this mechanism is regulated by RX/RAX transcription factor. The proteins Wnt and FGF (fibroblast growth factor) play a part in this early stage and are regulated by another protein called Shisa. As this expands, the rostral neuropore (the exit of the brain cavity out of the embryo) closes and the optic sulcus and the neural plate becomes the optic vesicle. Optic nerves arise from connections of the vesicles to the forebrain. Neuroectoderm gives rise to the following compartments of the eye: Lens development is closely related",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4483636",
"chunk_text": "\"Oculomotor nerve\"\npasses medially over the optic nerve. It supplies the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris. The \"\"inferior branch\"\" of the oculomotor nerve or the \"\"inferior division\"\", the larger, divides into three branches. All these branches enter the muscles on their ocular surfaces, with the exception of the nerve to the inferior oblique, which enters the muscle at its posterior border. The oculomotor nerve (CN III) arises from the anterior aspect of mesencephalon (midbrain). There are two nuclei for the oculomotor nerve: Sympathetic postganglionic fibres also join the nerve from the plexus on the internal carotid artery in the wall of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1054422",
"chunk_text": "\"Hyaloid canal\"\nresults in compression of the hyaloid canal, so that the volume of the eye remains constant. Hyaloid canal Hyaloid canal (Cloquet's canal and Stilling's canal) is a small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optic nerve disc to the lens. It is formed by an invagination of the hyaloid, a membrane which encloses the vitreous body. In the fetus, the hyaloid canal contains a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery, which supplies blood to the developing lens. After birth, the hyaloid canal contains lymph and its purpose is to facilitate changes in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2712723",
"chunk_text": "\"Ophthalmic nerve\"\nform the external nasal branch. The ophthalmic nerve is joined by filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and communicates with the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves; it gives off a recurrent (meningeal) filament which passes between the layers of the tentorium. The ophthalmic nerve supplies branches to the cornea, ciliary body, and iris; to the lacrimal gland and conjunctiva; to the part of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity; and to the skin of the eyelids, eyebrow, forehead and nose. It is the smallest of the three divisions of the trigeminal, and arises from the upper part",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7098878",
"chunk_text": "\"Optic chiasm\"\nOptic chiasm The optic chiasm or optic chiasma (; Greek , \"\"crossing\"\", from the Greek 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', \"\"chi\"\") is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. The optic chiasm is located at the bottom of the brain immediately inferior to the hypothalamus. The optic chiasm is found in all vertebrates, although in cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) it is located within the brain. The optic nerve fibres on the nasal sides of each retina (which correspond to the temporal side of each visual field, because the image is inverted)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4275402",
"chunk_text": "\"Midget cell\"\nMidget cell A midget cell is one type of retinal ganglion cell (RGC). Midget cells originate in the ganglion cell layer of the retina, and project to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The axons of midget cells travel through the optic nerve and optic tract, ultimately synapsing with parvocellular cells in the LGN. These cells are known as midget retinal ganglion cells due to the small sizes of their dendritic trees and cell bodies. About 80% of RGCs are midget cells. They receive inputs from relatively few rods and cones. In many cases, they are connected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14758703",
"chunk_text": "\"Pupillary light reflex\"\nganglion. Postganglionic nerve fibers leave the ciliary ganglion to innervate the ciliary sphincter. Each afferent limb has two efferent limbs, one ipsilateral and one contralateral. The ipsilateral efferent limb transmits nerve signals for direct light reflex of the ipsilateral pupil. The contralateral efferent limb causes consensual light reflex of the contralateral pupil. The optic nerve, or more precisely, the photosensitive ganglion cells through the retinohypothalamic tract, is responsible for the afferent limb of the pupillary reflex; it senses the incoming light. The oculomotor nerve is responsible for the efferent limb of the pupillary reflex; it drives the iris muscles that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "246423",
"chunk_text": "\"Retinal ganglion cell\"\ncolliculus]] and [[lateral geniculate nucleus]] in the mammals, or the tectum in lower vertebrates. Sema3d seems to be promote growth, at least in the proximal optic tract, and cytoskeletal re-arrangements at the level of the growth cone appear to be significant. In most mammals, the axons of retinal ganglion cells are not [[myelin]]ated where they pass through the retina. However, the parts of axons that are beyond the retina, are myelinated. This myelination pattern is functionally explained by the relatively high opacity of myelin—myelinated axons passing over the retina would absorb some of the light before it reaches the photoreceptor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_410
|
when does i'm a celebrity get me out of here start in the uk?
|
n/a
|
[
"2018"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1708453",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nComing Out show on 7 December 2016. It began airing on 19 November 2017. 12 contestants, broadcast from 19 November – 10 December 2017: Ant & Dec confirmed at the end of the Coming Out show on 15 December 2017 that the show will return the following year (2018). It is the first series in its brand-new two-year contract. However, on 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he will not be presenting the eighteenth series as he continues to get treatment after being admitted to rehab in March. It began airing on 18 November 2018. On 29 August, ITV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20842760",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18)\"\nhanded. Official ratings are taken from BARB, utilising the four-screen dashboard which includes viewers who watched the programme on laptops, smartphones, and tablets within 7 days of the original broadcast. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its eighteenth series on 18 November 2018 on ITV, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2017. On 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he would not be presenting the then upcoming eighteenth series. On 29 August, it was confirmed that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14162661",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nrates. On 1 August 2016 the series was renewed for a third season with Morris and Brown returning as hosts, which premiered on 29 January 2017. A fourth season commenced on 28 January 2018 and concluded 12 March 2018. A fifth season has been announced and will air from 13 January 2019. The show is set to be reduced from airing over a six week period to four weeks for the 2019 season. The premise of the show is that there is a group of well known personalities living together in a specially constructed camp site in a jungle. During",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20842757",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its eighteenth series on 18 November 2018 on ITV, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2017. On 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he would not be presenting the then upcoming eighteenth series. On 29 August, it was confirmed that Holly Willoughby would host the eighteenth series with Donnelly whilst McPartlin took a year long break from television. The series opener was watched by just over 14 million people, giving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19471624",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its seventeenth series on 19 November 2017 on ITV. The series is the third in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2016. In October 2017, it was confirmed that Ant & Dec will return to host the series, despite rumours suggesting that the pair would not be present due to Ant's admittance to rehab earlier in the year for drugs and alcohol addiction. \"\"Made in Chelsea\"\" star Georgia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20842758",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18)\"\nthe show its highest rating since the third series in 2004. The show finished on 9 December 2018 and was won by Harry Redknapp. The first teaser trailer was released on 27 October 2018. The line-up was confirmed on 12 November 2018. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. These trials aim to test both physical and mental abilities. The winner is usually determined by the number of stars collected during the trial, with each star representing a meal earned by the winning contestant for their camp mates. Members from camp will take part in the challenge",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1708452",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nas confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 10 December 2014. 13 contestants, broadcast from 15 November – 6 December 2015: The show returned in 2016, and is the second in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show on 9 December 2015. It began airing on 13 November 2016. 12 contestants, broadcast from 13 November – 4 December 2016: The show returned in 2017, and is the third in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "355359",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 4)\"\na joke prize is won. . This process is used in 'most' of the Chest Challenges. The luxury item is \"\"donated\"\" by a celebrity from the outside, mostly one who previously competed on a previous season. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 4) The fourth season of Australia's \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\", which was commissioned by Network Ten on 8 November 2017, premiered on 28 January 2018 and concluded on 12 March 2018. The season contained the show’s 100th episode which was broadcast on 5 February 2018. Comedian Fiona O'Loughlin won the series, beating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1877961",
"chunk_text": "\"Through the Keyhole\"\nwas based in the US and conducted the US property tours, while UK based Lisa Snowdon conducted the European property tours. A fourth series began airing on 7 January 2017, with a Christmas episode airing two weeks previously, on 24 December. Eight episodes were recorded at Pinewood Studios in July 2016. A fifth series began airing on 13 January 2018. Prior to this, an \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" special aired in December 2017 instead of a Christmas episode. A sixth series will begin airing in January 2019. Prior to this, a Christmas special aired on 14 December",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10169154",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! is a reality TV series in which a number of celebrities live together in a jungle environment for a number of weeks. They have no luxuries, and compete to be crowned \"\"King\"\" or \"\"Queen of the Jungle\"\". The show was originally created in the United Kingdom by the factual programmes department of ITV's then London franchise, London Weekend Television and developed by a team including James Allen, Natalka Znak, Brent Baker and Stewart Morris. The first episode aired on 25 August 2002. It is now produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14934150",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nstay, with the final episode's votes nominating who wins a series and become crowned as \"\"Jungle King/Queen\"\". The programme's first series debuted on 25 August 2002, and was produced by both LWT and Granada Television, and filmed within Tully, Queensland. Later series were undertaken by ITV Studios, and filmed around Murwillumbah, New South Wales. Celebrities participating on the programme receive a donation from ITV to a charity they nominate, with the money raised from charges on voting via text, phone or interactive services. Each series is hosted by Anthony McPartlin and Declan Donnelly, with the exception of the eighteenth series,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14454587",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 5)\"\nthe campmates must correctly answer a question. If they fail to answer correctly, the luxury item is forfeited and a joke prize is won. . This process is used in 'most' of the Chest Challenges. The luxury item is \"\"donated\"\" by a celebrity from the outside, mostly one who previously competed on a previous season. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 5) The fifth season of Australia's \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\", which was commissioned by Network Ten on 10 September 2018, will premiere on 13 January 2019. On 13 December 2018, 3 clues were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3117569",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 5)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 5) The fifth season of Australia's \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\", which was commissioned by Network Ten on 10 September 2018, will premiere on 13 January 2019. On 13 December 2018, 3 clues were released to the public by Network 10 on the identities of three celebrities. More clues are expected to be released over the next few weeks on the celebrities. Currently the clues to the professions of the celebrities include a red carpet gossip guru, two controversial politicians and a AFL footy legend. A number of celebrities",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "355357",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 4)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 4) The fourth season of Australia's \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\", which was commissioned by Network Ten on 8 November 2017, premiered on 28 January 2018 and concluded on 12 March 2018. The season contained the show’s 100th episode which was broadcast on 5 February 2018. Comedian Fiona O'Loughlin won the series, beating singer Shannon Noll and boxer Danny Green, and was crowned \"\"Queen of the Jungle\"\", the $100,000 prize money, was won for her selected charity, Angel Flight. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612498",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nthe series aired on 21 October 2013. The line-up was confirmed on 13 November 2013. 12 contestants, broadcast from 17 November – 8 December 2013: The show returned for its fourteenth series on 16 November 2014. On 15 October 2014, a teaser for the upcoming series was released on the official website. On 11 November, the full list of celebrities was confirmed by ITV. On 20 November, a further two campmates were confirmed to have joined the show. 12 contestants, broadcast from 16 November – 7 December 2014: The show returned on 15 November 2015 under a new three-year contract,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15236729",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its thirteenth series on 17 November 2013 on ITV, and ended on 8 December 2013. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 21 October 2013, two teasers were revealed for the new series, which were broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the show, whilst Joe Swash, Laura Whitmore and Rob Beckett returned to present",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5285437",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17)\"\noften joked that Ant & Dec make up these questions and their answers. If the question is answered correctly, the celebrities can take the items back to camp. If wrong, they receive nothing and Kiosk Keith will close the shack, and the celebrities will leave empty handed. Official ratings are taken from BARB. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its seventeenth series on 19 November 2017 on ITV. The series is the third in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5285435",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17)\"\na jungle and horizon, with Ant & Dec shouting \"\"Let's Get Ready to Jungle\"\". A series of \"\"countdown\"\" trailers were released from 6 November 2017. The cast was confirmed on 13 November 2017. On 21 November, Iain Lee and Kezia Dugdale were confirmed as late entrances to the series. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. These trials aim to test both physical and mental abilities. The winner is usually determined by the number of stars collected during the trial, with each star representing a meal earned by the winning contestant for their camp mates. As with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17988186",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 14)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 14) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its fourteenth series on 16 November 2014 on ITV and ended on 7 December 2014. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 22 October 2014, the trailer was revealed for the new series, which was broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the show, whilst Joe Swash, Laura Whitmore and Rob Beckett returned to present",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8225579",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15)\"\nto the Bush Telegraph, so Ferne and Jorgie were unable to complete the challenge. However, they were given the Dollars and went to the Outback Shack to spend them once the storm had passed.<br> Official ratings are taken from BARB. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its fifteenth series on 15 November 2015 on ITV. It was the first year for its new three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 10 December 2014. On 11 October 2015,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15570761",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12)\"\nare signed and again before entering the jungle. We also have contact where necessary with the celebrities' GPs. Medical personnel are also available 24 hours a day in Australia to provide support if needed.\"\" I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its twelfth series on 11 November 2012 and finished on 1 December 2012. Ant & Dec returned as main hosts, with Laura Whitmore and Joe Swash returning as hosts of spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". On 16 June 2012, it was announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612496",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nNovember – 6 December 2004: 12 contestants, broadcast from 20 November – 5 December 2005: 12 contestants, broadcast from 13 November – 1 December 2006: 11 contestants, broadcast from 12–30 November 2007: 12 contestants, broadcast from 16 November – 5 December 2008: 13 contestants, broadcast from 15 November – 4 December 2009: \"\"I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here!\"\" returned on 14 November 2010 at 9 pm on ITV and ITV1 HD for its tenth series, as confirmed by presenters Ant and Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show at the conclusion of series 9. This is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14934149",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here! (often shortened to I'm a Celebrity or I'm a Celeb) is a British survival reality television game show, created by London Weekend Television (LWT), produced by ITV Studios, and aired live on ITV from Australia. The format sees a group of celebrities living together within an Australian jungle camp, coping with a few creature comforts. Each member not only undertakes in challenges to secure additional food and treats for the group, but also to avoid being voted out by viewers during their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3157326",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its sixteenth series on 13 November 2016 on ITV. It was the second in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 9 December 2015. Following the end of the previous series, the spin-off show, \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" was rebranded \"\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\". It was also announced that Laura Whitmore and David Morgan had quit the show and were replaced by Vicky Pattison, Stacey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9910168",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (often referred to as I'm a Celebrity) is an American reality television series based on the British television show of the same name, in which celebrities live in jungle conditions with few comforts. The series is produced by ITV, Independent Television, a British company, and was picked up from ABC, which aired in early 2003. The new series, shown on NBC, ran for 14 episodes, and followed the same format as the United Kingdom version of the same show. On March 8, 2010,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12646235",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13)\"\nachieved the highest ever rating for an opening \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" episode. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its thirteenth series on 17 November 2013 on ITV, and ended on 8 December 2013. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 21 October 2013, two teasers were revealed for the new series, which were broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8225574",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its fifteenth series on 15 November 2015 on ITV. It was the first year for its new three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 10 December 2014. On 11 October 2015, a 5-second teaser aired on ITV for the first time, with more short trailers following, with Ant & Dec yelling \"\"Let's get ready to jungle!\"\", a pun on their well-known song \"\"Let's Get Ready to Rhumble\"\". \"\"Geordie Shore\"\"'s Vicky Pattison",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612497",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nthe first series in HD. Series 10 is the only series to have 2 live trials. 13 contestants, broadcast from 14 November – 4 December 2010: The eleventh series began on 13 November 2011. The official line-up was confirmed on 9 November 2011. 13 contestants, broadcast from 13 November – 3 December 2011: The twelfth series began on 11 November and ended on 1 December 2012. The official line-up was revealed on 7 November 2012. 12 contestants, broadcast from 11 November – 1 December 2012: The thirteenth series began airing on ITV on 17 November 2013. The first advert for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1924235",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. season 2)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. season 2) The second season of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me out of Here! premiered on June 1, 2009 and concluded on June 24, 2009. The season, aired on NBC, a revival of the ABC series of the same name and continued to follow the same format as the original British series. It is also broadcast in Ireland and the United Kingdom. In Ireland, the show airs on TV3, three days behind the original NBC airings, and in the UK, it airs on ITV2 with a seven-day delay. This show has been airing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612483",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nin which McPartlin suspended his TV duties for a year in 2018, leaving Donnelly to be joined by Holly Willoughby. \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" is often a ratings winner for ITV, attracting on average over 9 million viewers each series, with its success spawning an international franchise of the same name. The main show itself is accompanied on each series by a companion sister show on ITV2, entitled \"\"\"\", which features behind-the-scenes footage and discussions on celebrities voted out of latest episode. At present, the programme has run for eighteen series and 204 episodes and is contracted to be produced until",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7136369",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 3)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 3) The third season of Australia's \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\", which was commissioned by Network Ten on 1 August 2016, premiered on 29 January 2017. Casey Donovan won the series, beating Natalie Bassingthwaighte and footballer Dane Swan, and was crowned the first ever \"\"Queen of the Jungle\"\", the $100,000 prize money, was won for her selected charity, the Starlight Children's Foundation . The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. These trials aim to test both physical and mental abilities. Success is usually determined by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612495",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nIt was also reported that, as a result, cash-strapped ITV were unable to provide any more money for the series, and that the quality of the trials had gone down. The first three series of \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" occurred at various different times during the years they were broadcast. From series 4 onwards, the show is broadcast from around mid November until late November/early December. 8 contestants, broadcast from 25 August – 8 September 2002: 10 contestants, broadcast from 28 April – 12 May 2003: 10 contestants, broadcast from 26 January – 9 February 2004: 11 contestants, broadcast from 21",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14162660",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nKruger National Park, South Africa, and is hosted by Julia Morris and Chris Brown. On 16 July 2015 the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on 31 January 2016. The second season was accompanied by the companion series \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Now!\"\". It aired on Eleven following each episode of the main series, hosted by comedian and former season one contestant Joel Creasey and \"\"The Bachelor Australia 3\"\" contestant Heather Maltman. \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Now!\"\" did not air after the main show in later seasons due to low viewing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14162659",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (occasionally shortened to I'm a Celebrity) is an Australian reality television series on Network Ten which is based on the British television show of the same name. The series aired mainly on Channel Ten and Ten HD (now '10' and '10 HD' respectively.) The series sees celebrities living in the jungle with few creature comforts and compete in various challenges to earn meals and other luxuries. The celebrities compete for $100,000 to be donated to their chosen charity. The series is set in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18913490",
"chunk_text": "\"Ich bin ein Star – Holt mich hier raus! (season 11)\"\nIch bin ein Star – Holt mich hier raus! (season 11) The eleven season of the German-version of the reality show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" began on January 12, 2017. In the last episode of Season 10 the presenters Zietlow and Hartwich announced that the show would return for an 11th season in January 2017. The contestants were announced in early January 2017. 12 participants were announced to compete. The group of contestants was split into two camps with six participants living in each of the camps. Bushtucker duels took place instead of the original bushtucker trials.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20622254",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 9)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 9) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV1 and ITV2 for a ninth series on 15 November 2009. It broadcast for three weeks and concluded on 4 December 2009. There was however an additional episode on 7 December 2009, showing all the celebrities and what they did after they left the jungle. This was the first and so far only series to feature a contestant from a previous series, Katie Price. She made her second appearance on the show, having first appeared the third series in 2004. Price",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20298707",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2)\"\nto Danniella walking out of the jungle. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average = 8.55 million viewers. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2) The second series of I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here! was broadcast on ITV from 28 April to 12 May 2003. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Mark Durden-Smith and former contestant Tara Palmer-Tomkinson hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here... Now!\"\" on ITV2. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10169155",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\nby ITV Studios and has been licensed globally to countries including the United States, Germany, France, Hungary, Sweden, the Netherlands, Denmark, Romania, Australia and India. The UK, German and the 2003 US versions of the series take place in New South Wales, Australia, at a permanently-built up camp in Dungay near Murwillumbah. However the first UK series of the show was filmed on a smaller site at King Ranch, near Tully, Queensland, in Australia. The Australian series is filmed in Kruger National Park, South Africa. Other versions of the show have been filmed in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Suriname, Indonesia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "547638",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nI'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp (previously I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! from 2002–2015) was a companion show, broadcast on ITV2 in the UK and on UTV Ireland in the Republic of Ireland. It features behind-the-scenes footage of \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" and shows the emotional responses of the contestants after they have been voted off. Series 1 to 4 was filmed completely live in the UK and series 5–8 were filmed mainly live in Australia with a live co-presenter in the UK. Since series 9, the show has been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20298520",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1) The first series of 'I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!' was broadcast on ITV from 25 August to 8 September 2002. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Louise Loughman hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. The winner of this series was radio DJ Tony Blackburn. The show began with 8 celebrity contestants. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average = 7.57",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2727541",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series)\"\nNBC announced that there would not be a third season. The first season had 10 contestants. It aired nightly from February 19, 2003 to March 5, 2003 on ABC. John Lehr was the host from the Australian outback. The time differential created serious issues with the live feed. NBC picked up the former ABC show. It aired for 14 episodes and followed the UK's format. The series premiered with a two-hour episode 8–10 pm EDT on June 1, 2009. It aired with a two-hour episode every Monday 8–10 pm aired 8–9 pm EDT Tuesday through Thursday until its June 24",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11980595",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11)\"\naverage, as it is an extra show shown after the series has ended. There were no shows on 15 or 23 November due to live football being shown, however, the ITV2 show still aired as normal. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its eleventh series on 13 November 2011. Ant & Dec returned as presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me Out of Here...NOW!\"\" returned with new host Laura Whitmore, Russell Kane and Joe Swash as presenters. On 3 December 2011, Dougie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3157329",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16)\"\na question is asked to the celebrities still in camp via the telephone box. It is often joked that Ant & Dec make up these questions and their answers. If the question is answered correctly, the celebrities can take the items back to camp. If wrong, they receive nothing and Kiosk Keith will close the shack. Official ratings are taken from BARB. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its sixteenth series on 13 November 2016 on ITV. It was the second in a three-year contract, as confirmed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3269191",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its eleventh series on 13 November 2011. Ant & Dec returned as presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me Out of Here...NOW!\"\" returned with new host Laura Whitmore, Russell Kane and Joe Swash as presenters. On 3 December 2011, Dougie Poynter was crowned the new King of the Jungle. Ant & Dec announced on the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show that \"\"I'm a Celebrity...\"\" would return for its 12th series in 2012. The official line-up was confirmed on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15570750",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its twelfth series on 11 November 2012 and finished on 1 December 2012. Ant & Dec returned as main hosts, with Laura Whitmore and Joe Swash returning as hosts of spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". On 16 June 2012, it was announced that Russell Kane would be leaving \"\"Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". He has been replaced by comedian Rob Beckett. On 1 December 2012, the series was won by \"\"EastEnders\"\" actress Charlie Brooks, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7612490",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nto the Dingo Dollar Challenge, the two celebrities who took part in the challenge would bring the chest back to camp and collaborate over the question with the other camp members. If correct, they would win a treat, if incorrect, they would be told what the treat was. In the fifteenth series, Dingo Dollar challenges were to completed in order to earn Dingo Dimes, which could be used in a vending machine in camp. In the 2018 series, Kiosk Keith was replaced by Kiosk Kev. The first series of the show was filmed on a smaller site at King Ranch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20298521",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1)\"\nmillion viewers. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1) The first series of 'I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!' was broadcast on ITV from 25 August to 8 September 2002. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Louise Loughman hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. The winner of this series was radio DJ Tony Blackburn. The show began with 8 celebrity contestants. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1708454",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nconfirmed that Holly Willoughby will replace McPartlin as co-presenter alongside Declan Donnelly. The lineup was confirmed on 12 November. Note for \"\"Average rating\"\": Since 2010 incl. HD viewers and since 2011 incl. \"\"ITV +1\"\" consumers. A companion show, I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp (previously I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! from 2002–2015) is broadcast on ITV2 following every episode. It has been shown since the first series in 2002 and has featured a variety of presenters. The show is currently presented by Scarlett Moffatt, Joel Dommett and Joe Swash. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3238145",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8)\"\nin the second battle. This feature replaced the 'Celebrity Chests' for five episodes. All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV for an eighth series from 16 November to 5 December 2008. Ant & Dec returned to present the main show on ITV, whilst Matt Willis, Emma Willis and Mark Durden-Smith returned to host spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. It was the first series to use a redesigned logo,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20958661",
"chunk_text": "\"Vanessa White\"\nreleased on 31 March 2017; preceded by singles \"\"Good Good\"\" and \"\"Running Wild\"\". White appeared in a number of reality television shows including \"\"Ghosthunting with... The Saturdays\"\" in 2010, \"\"\"\" in 2011 and \"\"Chasing the Saturdays\"\" in 2013. In January 2010, White participated in the first series of the ITV celebrity reality television programme \"\"Popstar to Operastar\"\". She was the second contestant eliminated, on 22 January. In November 2017, White was confirmed as a participant on the seventeenth series of \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\". She was the fourth to be eliminated and finished in eighth place on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_411
|
ben 10 ultimate alien episode 2 season 1?
|
n/a
|
[
"Duped"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8636854",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Ultimate Alien\"\nBen 10: Ultimate Alien Ben 10: Ultimate Alien is an American animated television seriesthe third entry in Cartoon Network's Ben 10 franchise created by team Man of Action (a group consisting of Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle), and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. It was slated to premiere after the series finale of \"\"\"\" on March 26, 2010, but actually premiered on April 23, 2010, in the US and in the UK. In India and Latin America, it premiered on October 10, 2010. In Canada, the series started airing on September 12, 2010, on Teletoon.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11952083",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nfrom his past. Original air date: April 18, 2008 - March 26, 2010 Overall episode numbers: 53-98 After Ben's last battle with Vilgax which resulted in the destruction of the Omnitrix, Ben replaces it with the new Ultimatrix that allows him to evolve his alien forms into their ultimate forms. With the recent disclosure of his identity, Ben has become a worldwide celebrity. Meanwhile, Ben, Gwen, and Kevin must stop an Osmosian villain named Aggregor, who hunts new aliens from the Andromeda galaxy, and intends to use their powers to achieve the \"\"ultimate prize\"\". Later, Ben, Gwen, and Kevin have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11181045",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nto prevent the release of an extra dimensional entity called Diagon and prevent him from taking over the universe. The last episode of this series also featured Ultimate Way Big. Original air date: April 23, 2010 - March 31, 2012 Overall episode numbers: 99-150 Ben acquires a new powerful, perfect Omnitrix that allows him to gain access to a new set of alien forms along with all the forms he has assumed prior. After Gwen goes away to college with Kevin accompanying her, Ben pairs up with a by-the-book rookie plumber, Rook Blonko. Rook is an intelligent and talented expert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15771091",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nWith his new found super powers Ben has to learn the responsibilities of being a hero. During their vacation, the Tennysons are attacked by various enemies ranging from space aliens like Vilgax to supernatural entities like Hex and Zs'Skayr. Original airdate: December 27, 2005 - April 15, 2008 Overall episode numbers: 1-52 (with Secret of the Omnitrix designated as episodes 44-46 in Cartoon Network airing order, 40-42 for the production or chronological order and 49-51 for the official order of the series) The series begins five years after the summer vacation when Ben discovered the Omnitrix. Ben removed the Omnitrix",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14655624",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\nat their 2008 upfront. It is a sequel to \"\"\"\". The first teaser trailer was shown on October 3, 2008 during the premiere of \"\"\"\", a full trailer was shown after the season 2 finale on March 27, 2009, and another full trailer, this time showing a preview of Humongousaur, was shown during the season 3 premiere on September 11, 2009. The film aired on November 25, 2009. According to the sweepstakes site, it was rated TV-PG. Again directed by Alex Winter, the film's cast included Ryan Kelley as Ben, Nathan Keyes as Kevin, and Galadriel Stineman as Gwen. Lee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11182163",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\nBen 10: Alien Swarm Ben 10: Alien Swarm is a 2009 Canadian-American science fiction action television film directed by Alex Winter. It is based on the Cartoon Network animated series \"\"\"\" and a sequel to 2007's \"\"\"\". The film stars Ryan Kelley, Galadriel Stineman, Nathan Keyes, Alyssa Diaz, Herbert Siguenza, and Barry Corbin. The film premiered on Cartoon Network on November 25, 2009. The film opens as Ben, Gwen, and Kevin are negotiating with a group of black market dealers at a mill, who are attempting to sell them alien nanochips, which are causing interference with the Omnitrix. One of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8636855",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Ultimate Alien\"\nThe series finale aired on March 31, 2012 with the two-part episode, \"\"The Ultimate Enemy\"\", being in memory of series developer and producer Dwayne McDuffie, who died during the production of the series. The plot follows on from \"\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\"; set one year after the events of the . The Omnitrix has been destroyed, and Ben must learn to master the incredible and incomprehensible secrets of the new Ultimatrix, a gauntlet-like version of the old Omnitrix that not only gives him access to \"\"all\"\" of his original alien abilities, but also allows him to evolve his alien forms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11181046",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nfighter plumber from the planet Revonnah. He is targeted by an intergalactic huntsman named Khyber, who made a copy of the Omnitrix, the Nemetrix, with the help of mad scientist Dr. Psychobos. Both of them are working with an enemy from Ben's past, a mutated Galvanic Mechamorph named Malware. Ben later contends with the Incurseans, Albedo, Zs'Skayr, Dr. Psychobos, Charmcaster, the Plumber's Black-Ops Unit (called the \"\"Rooters\"\"), his alternate dimension self (the warlord, Mad Ben), and a Time War with Maltruant. Original air date: August 1, 2012 - November 14, 2014 Overall episode numbers: 151-230 The official Twitter feed of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384949",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\na hive of alien nanobots using humans as host bodies in order to take over the world. The Nanochips, or \"\"alien swarm\"\", are controlled by a single consciousness and Ben and his friends must work together to stop them. \"\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\" is the sequel to the show set five years after the original series. As an indirect result, this series is darker in tone compared to its predecessor. The series premiered on Cartoon Network on April 18, 2008 and ended on March 26, 2010. It has since been premiered in Canada, on Teletoon. A video game of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11966490",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Ultimate Alien\"\ninto far much stronger and more powerful versions; called \"\"ultimate forms.\"\" However, in the premiere episode, \"\"Fame\"\", a young fan named Jimmy Jones deduces Ben's secret identity and reveals it to the world. Ben becomes an overnight celebrity, hailed by kids as a hero but distrusted by most adults as a possible threat. With Gwen, Kevin, Julie, and Grandpa Max still at his side, Ben continues to battle alien threats to the galaxy, including finding five aliens that were attacked and kidnapped by an Osmosian villain named Aggregor. Their names were Bivalvan, Galapegus, P'andor, Andreas, and Ra'ad. After Aggregor captured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11181050",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nlives are once again disrupted by a mysterious alien known as Eon who has an unexpected connection to the Omnitrix. It premiered on Cartoon Network on November 21, 2007. The film was directed by Alex Winter. The film was nominated for two Visual Effects Society Awards: Outstanding Visual Effects in a Broadcast Miniseries, Movie or SpecialDina Benadon, Evan Jacobs, Brent Young, Chris Christman; and Outstanding Animated Character in a Live Action Broadcast Program or CommercialBrent Young, Michael Smith. The third is a live-action film titled \"\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\" which aired November 25, 2009. It is about Ben, Gwen, Kevin,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384944",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nalien. Kris Zimmerman was in charge of casting and was the voice director. Tara Strong voices the title character Ben Tennyson, Upgrade, Benwolf, Lucy Mann-Tennyson, Ken Tennyson, and Sandra Tennyson. She also voices Future Gwen and Buzzshock in \"\"Ben 10,000\"\". Meagan Smith voices Ben's cousin Gwen Tennyson, and Paul Eiding voices Grandpa Max and his version of Upgrade. Steven Blum voices Ben's alien transformations Heatblast and Ghostfreak, as well as the series main villain Vilgax. Dee Bradley Baker voices Ben's transformations Stinkfly, Eye Guy, and Wildmutt, Baker also voices Ben's school bully friend Cash Murray, and many of his enemies",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2448998",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Omniverse\"\npremiered on September 22, 2012, with a \"\"sneak peek episode\"\" that aired on August 1, 2012. A \"\"sneak peek\"\" of the series aired after \"\"Ben 10 Week\"\" (March 19, 2012March 24, 2012). The series follows the adventures of sixteen-year-old Ben Tennyson, wielder of the Omnitrix, an extremely powerful watch-like device that allows Ben to change into a multitude of various aliens; each with their own special abilities and skills. The storylines alternate between that of eleven-year-old Ben (one year after the original series) and sixteen-year-old Ben (a few months after \"\"\"\"). After Gwen leaves for college and Kevin leaves to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7471200",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\nseries ran for a total of three seasons and forty-six episodes with its final episode being aired on March 26, 2010. It was nominated for four Emmy Awards, winning one for Outstanding Sound Mixing – Live Action and Animation. Set five years after the end of the original series, Ben Tennyson, now a teenager, once again dons the Omnitrix to protect the earth and other parts of the universe from villainous alien activity. The Omnitrix itself, a wristwatch-shaped device, allows Ben to transform into numerous alien forms, thereby inheriting the unique abilities of that alien race. \"\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11181048",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nThe world premiere was on Cartoon Network (Australia), airing on October 1, 2016. The U.K network premiered the series on October 8, 2016. The German Cartoon Network premiered the first two episodes on October 10, 2016. The series premiered in the United States on April 10, 2017. Original International air date: October 2016 – present Original U.S. air date: April 10, 2017 – present Overall episode numbers: 231–350 Having 350 episodes and 21 seasons, the franchise as a whole is the most number of episodes and seasons on all Cartoon Network original series. The first film is a regular animated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8261733",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\nBen 10: Alien Force Ben 10: Alien Force is an American animated television series created by team Man of Action (a group consisting of Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle), and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. It takes place five years after \"\"Ben 10\"\" and takes a darker turn than its predecessor. The series premiered on Cartoon Network in the United States on April 18, 2008 and on Teletoon in Canada on September 6, 2008, and ended on March 26, 2010. The series was originally produced under the working title of \"\"Ben 10: Hero Generation\"\". The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384926",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nBen 10 (2005 TV series) Ben 10 (also later known as Ben 10 Classic) is an American animated series created by Man of Action (a group consisting of Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle), and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. The series is about a 10-year-old boy named Ben Tennyson who gets a watch-like alien device called the \"\"Omnitrix\"\". Attached to his wrist, it allows him to transform into various alien creatures. He uses these powers to fight evil from Earth and space. The series premiered on Cartoon Network on December 27, 2005 and ended on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15771123",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nof Ben's aliens, Big Chill) and the Perplexhedron are featured as battle arenas. Ultimate Kevin and Alien X are currently the new exosuits for Project Exonaut representing Ben 10. The new exosuits feature Gold versions of Manus, Marceline, Mojo Jojo, and Rath. Ben appears in the game as a playable character. Swampfire, Humongousaur, Big Chill, and AmpFibian (with Ultimate Humongousaur as a Punch Time) appear as Ben's playable aliens. Vilgax, the archenemy of Ben Tennyson appears as a playable character for the first time. Gwen and the Vreedle Brothers are \"\"summons\"\" in the game. Additionally, Bellwood and the Null Void",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11966491",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Ultimate Alien\"\nand fused with all five aliens, he began searching for the Map of Infinity to go to the Forge of Creation and absorb the vast God/cosmic-like powers of Celestialsapiens. Later, Kevin is forced to absorb energy from the Ultimatrix and goes insane with tremendous energy and power, but is shown that he does still have a good human heart, and still does care, and that he has not gone completely evil. Kevin is eventually returned to normal and Aggregor's actions are reversed. The second season features more self-contained stories rather than employing an overall storyline, although a real storyline is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16860639",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nTo’kustar orders Psyphon to activate the R.E.Ds, and he does so. The group soon detects high alien activity in the Devil’s Tower at Wyoming. Azmuth suspects it to be an interference with the Potis Altiare, and leaves the group so they can collect the piece. Ben finds Kraab—after fighting off some R.E.Ds as Ultimate Spidermonkey—who also seems to be trying to find the Potis Altiare piece and chases him. Ben defeats Kraab and runs into a robot who helps him get to the end of a military base in Devil’s Tower. Ben soon encounters Sevenseven (who attempted to crush him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15771103",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nextinct (including the human race). Both of these facts are revealed in the \"\"Alien Force\"\" episode \"\"War of the Worlds.\"\" The second function cannot be achieved by the Ultimatrix because of Albedo's modifications. It is not yet confirmed if the New Omnitrix can achieve it. The Omnitrix appears in the first two incarnations of the franchise (\"\"Ben 10\"\" and \"\"\"\"), but Ben had to destroy it and use the Ultimatrix in the \"\"\"\" series. In the final episode of Ultimate Alien, Azmuth takes the Ultimatrix from Ben and replaces it with the New Omnitrixthe original version having been a prototype.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9484078",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nin the Amazon Rainforest, which is being held in a military base. While Ben is looking for the artifact, he unintentionally activates a missile. Ben works to stop the missile from launching, and after succeeding in doing so, he quickly escapes the base before it could self-destruct. However, in an elevator, Ben meets a pair of clones of the Vreedle Brothers after fighting off the R.E.D.s as Ultimate Echo Echo. Ben fights them and takes the Potis Altiare piece after defeating them. Ben is watching another Will Harangue broadcast, where his anonymous source is still feeding him footage of Ben’s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7471207",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Force\"\nof chapter books written by Charlotte Fullerton, who has written several episodes for the show. Six construction sets were produced by LEGO, depicting Spidermonkey, Humunousaur, Swampfire, Chromastone, Jet Ray, and Big Chill. Ben 10: Alien Force Ben 10: Alien Force is an American animated television series created by team Man of Action (a group consisting of Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle), and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. It takes place five years after \"\"Ben 10\"\" and takes a darker turn than its predecessor. The series premiered on Cartoon Network in the United States on April",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14950007",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\nreportedly interested in fast-tracking a third \"\"Ben 10\"\" film due to the second film's success. However, such plans have yet to be seen. Ben 10: Alien Swarm Ben 10: Alien Swarm is a 2009 Canadian-American science fiction action television film directed by Alex Winter. It is based on the Cartoon Network animated series \"\"\"\" and a sequel to 2007's \"\"\"\". The film stars Ryan Kelley, Galadriel Stineman, Nathan Keyes, Alyssa Diaz, Herbert Siguenza, and Barry Corbin. The film premiered on Cartoon Network on November 25, 2009. The film opens as Ben, Gwen, and Kevin are negotiating with a group of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14493301",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10/Generator Rex: Heroes United\"\nBen 10/Generator Rex: Heroes United \"\"Ben 10 / Generator: Rex: Heroes United\"\" is an extended crossover special between \"\"\"\" and \"\"Generator Rex\"\". Taking the form of an extended episode of \"\"Generator Rex\"\", with it having an appearance of Ben Tennyson from \"\"Ben 10: Ultimate Alien\"\" and it being written by Man of Action, the creator of both shows. \"\"Heroes United\"\" aired on November 25, 2011 on Cartoon Network, taking up a one-hour time block. As a special event, it premiered at New York Comic Con 2011. \"\"Heroes United\"\" was universally acclaimed by fans of both of series, and has hit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7599376",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Protector of Earth\"\nBen 10: Protector of Earth Ben 10: Protector of Earth is a video game based on the American animated television series \"\"Ben 10\"\". This is the first Ben 10 game and it was released for PSP, PS2, the Nintendo DS and the Nintendo Wii in late 2007. While sleeping near the Grand Canyon, a mosquito-like drone sucks most of the DNA out of Ben's Omnitrix. A giant object crashes into the mountains, and Ben finds out he can't transform into some of his aliens, only Heatblast and Four Arms. After fighting through multiple drones, he defeats a Giant Mech Drone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15771089",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nBen 10 Ben 10 is an American animated television series and a media franchise created by Man of Action Studios and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. The franchise revolves around a boy named Ben Tennyson who acquires a watch-like alien device, the Omnitrix, which allows him to transform into ten different alien creatures. The \"\"Ben 10\"\" franchise has received wide critical acclaim, winning three Emmy Awards. The franchise consists primarily of five television series and four films, the latter of which aired between August 2007 and March 2012. Spanning thirteen years, it is Cartoon Network's longest-running franchise to date. There",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384948",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nkids. \"\"Ben 10: Race Against Time\"\" is the first film in the series. It revolves around Ben (Graham Phillips), Gwen (Haley Ramm) and Grandpa Max (Lee Majors) returning to their hometown of Bellwood and attempting to adjust to being ‘normal’ again. Unfortunately, their lives are once again disrupted by a mysterious alien known as Eon (Christien Anholt), who has an unexpected connection to the Omnitrix. \"\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\" is the second film in the series. It is about Ben (Ryan Kelley), Gwen (Galadriel Stineman), Kevin (Nathan Keyes) and Grandpa Max (Barry Corbin). In the movie the group stumbles upon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13055154",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Alien Force: Vilgax Attacks\"\nBen 10 Alien Force: Vilgax Attacks Ben 10: Alien Force – Vilgax Attacks is the third game in the \"\"Ben 10\"\" video game series, and the second game to be based on the \"\"\"\" series. The was based on the first two seasons of series; while \"\"Vilgax Attacks\"\" is based on the third and final season of the series. It wa.s released on October 27, 2009. When Vilgax invades the Earth using a Null Void projector (which beams Null Void prisoners to Earth), Ben, Gwen, and Kevin, snap into action to defend their hometown Bellwood from the attacks. Splitting up,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11182170",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\nand following them, uses Humongousaur (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) to defeat the swarm, completely demolishing Kevin's car in the process. By the time they return to headquarters, the chips have spread across the globe, and number in the millions. Gwen realizes the swarm's new ability is a sign that they can adapt to threats and become smarter. The group also deduces the chips have a queen (voiced by Wendy Cutler), as the chip's hosts have mentioned her. They believed that they can stop the chips by destroying her, but during their search for the Queen, one of the active",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1820164",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Force (video game)\"\nBen 10: Alien Force (video game) Ben 10: Alien Force is an action-adventure video game based on the American animated television series . The game was released in North America on October 28, 2008 and February 2009 in the United Kingdom. While on their way to the amusement pier, Ben, Gwen and Kevin encounter Forever Knights through the use of an alien tech tracker. Kevin, Gwen, and Ben track the Forever Knights to the pier where they are looking for a piece of alien tech buried there. On their way to retrieve the component, Ben encounters an off-world Tetramand Plumber",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16860649",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nbut the To’kustar easily defeats him and tosses Ben into the ocean. The Ultimatrix has the pieces of the Potis Altiare attached to it, and Ben becomes Way Big to become equal with the To’kustar. After defeating Evil Way Big he uses his powerful cosmic ray attack with the Potis Altiare. Jimmy then tells him about the new Sumo Slammers 3D movie. Evil Way Big, who is revealed to be Albedo, falls on the moon and eventually gets hit by Lu. The game was panned by reviews, being criticized by its limited length, game mechanics, as well as several gameplay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17298689",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2016 TV series)\"\nBen 10 (2016 TV series) Ben 10 (often referred to as Ben 10 reboot) is an American animated superhero action-comedy television series and a reboot of the Cartoon Network series of the same name. The series had its world premiere in Australia, New Zealand and Asia-Pacific on October 1, 2016, and premiered in the United States on April 10, 2017. On May 22, 2017, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered in February 2018. On March 8, 2018, the series was renewed for a third season. Building on the highly successful franchise about kid hero Ben Tennyson,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9484075",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nthe artifact’s power by taking the pieces. Gwen says she has detected the next piece in the Great Wall of China. Ben goes there and fights an army of Terracotta warriors. Ben is found by a Terracotta General and defeats him with Ultimate Big Chill. As Ben continues going off to find the piece, he encounters the same dragon Gwen saw in her vision. Ben defeats the dragon and manages to collect the piece. After Ben defeats the dragon, he gets blown into the air, where Gwen and Kevin catch him unconscious. The To’kustar is once again disappointed by Psyphon’s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17298695",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2016 TV series)\"\nApril 10 at 5:00 p.m. (ET/PT) on Cartoon Network. Get a Sneak Peek Today on the Cartoon Network App.\"\"></ref> Building on the franchise about the kid hero Ben Tennyson, \"\"Ben 10\"\" introduces a re-imagined Ben (in his 10-year-old form), his cousin Gwen, and Grandpa Max, as they travel the country during summer vacation. When Ben finds the Omnitrix, a mysterious watch that transforms him into 10 different aliens, a world of extraterrestrial superpowers opens up to him. Produced by Cartoon Network Studios, the series is created and executively produced by Man of Action, with John Fang on board as supervising",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17298690",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2016 TV series)\"\nBen 10 introduces a re-imagined Ben, his cousin Gwen, and Grandpa Max, as they travel the country during summer vacation. When Ben finds the Omnitrix, a mysterious watch that transforms him into 10 different friendly aliens, a world of extraterrestrial superpowers opens up to him. The series is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and created and executive produced by Man of Action Entertainment (Big Hero 6, Generator Rex), with John Fang (Mixels, Generator Rex) on board as supervising producer. The casting and voice director for the series is Collette Sunderman. Cartoon Network announced on June 8, 2015 that \"\"Ben 10\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14950003",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Alien Swarm\"\ninto a new alien that he calls \"\"Nanomech\"\" (voiced by the film's director Alex Winter), which was created by scanning the DNA of the chips, with Ben realizing that this was the cause of the apparent interference in the Omnitrix. He flies into Victor's head and battles the Queen, who briefly tries to assert her hive mind on him while he resists, while Gwen, Kevin, and Elena fight the infected. As the dormant chips in the factory begin to activate, Nanomech uses the chips ability to adapt to overwhelm and destroy the Queen, and all of the other chips, freeing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11952103",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nthe allowed level used on this planet is considered illegal. Earth is a Level 2 planet, something that is considered very inferior by other aliens as it was stated once that Earth is at least 500 years away from being Level 3. The Omnitrix and the Ultimatrix are Level 20. Dwayne McDuffie describes some levels: The Null Void is a pocket dimension, created by the Galvans as a penal colony. Although frightening, it can be a place for some to start anew. It is filled with floating rocks, with flying creatures known as the Null Guardians who protect powerless people",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15771092",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nfor unknown reasons, but regained it as a teenager while searching for his grandfather Max, who was abducted by a xenophobic alien species called the Highbreeds, who, along with the DNA Aliens at their command, are determined to cleanse the Earth of human beings. Ben's age causes the Omnitrix to reboot, granting him access to a new set of alien forms, along with a few of his previous forms. Ben is joined in his search by his cousin Gwen and former enemy Kevin 11, as they fight the Highbreed's universal extermination plan. Later on in the series, Ben faces villains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5833866",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nstatue, then Ben throws the artifact on the ground. Ben is then picked up by Gwen and Kevin, and when Jimmy calls him again, Jimmy tells Ben about a cosmic storm advancing towards Earth. Ben calls some Plumber ships and tells them to get to the cosmic storm and investigate it. The Plumber ships approach the cosmic storm, but a powerful blast destroys them. Meanwhile, Ben, Gwen, and Kevin see Null Void creatures attacking France. The group goes to France to stop them. At a Forever Knight museum, Ben finds the Vreedle Brothers who are trying to steal an alien",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16860648",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nand the To’kustar finally arrives, demanding that Ben bring the Potis Altiare to him or else earth will be destroyed. Gwen and Kevin come to pick Ben up, where he now has all the pieces of the Potis Altiare (except for the one he destroyed in Tokyo during his fight with Cooper) and seems determined to fight the To’kustar to save the Earth. Ben goes to Japan to take down the To’kustar. While Ben tracks down the To’kustar, he rescues citizens and destroys the rest of the R.E.Ds. When Ben finds the To’kustar, Ben becomes a full-sized Humungousaur to fight,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11952104",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nin the Null Void from the more violent inmates. The Null Void also served as a base of operations for the Rooters. Over the course of the show, the Null Void became increasingly dangerous from the aliens sent there, especially after the Mutant To'kustars (Way Bads) were imprisoned there after the events of \"\"The Frogs of War: Part 2\"\". ID Masks are masks that can change someone's appearance by means of a hologram. They were often used by DNAliens to take forms of human beings and are also used by Plumbers' Kids who are obviously part alien to hide their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384946",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nanimated feature called \"\"\"\", in which the Omnitrix is accidentally set to self-destruct and Ben must track down its creator to stop it. A trailer of the film was released with the film \"\"\"\", and it aired August 10, 2007. Michael Ouweleen described the film's villain, which was actually Vilgax, as \"\"like Darth Vader without the sense of humor.\"\" A different version of \"\"Secrets of the Omnitrix\"\", which introduced a different alien (Eye Guy) to the one in the original (Heatblast), aired on September 1, 2007. A third version (in which XLR8 was featured) aired on October 20, 2007. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11181056",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\nThe new version had all of the same features as its predecessors. In Omniverse, Azmuth reveals that Ben's habit of slamming his hand on the Omnitrix's core (and inadvertently the scroll pad) randomizes the time-out function, causing Ben to sometimes transform back to normal much earlier than expected or to transform into a random alien. In \"\"\"\", the , a knock-off of the original Omnitrix used by a bounty hunter with an alien dog which uses the Nemetrix, is introduced. Unlike the Omnitrix and its succeeding models, the Nemetrix uses the DNA of the natural predators of the sentient alien",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9484072",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction\"\nthat area they focus on finding more pieces. The To’kustar is destroying a planet with a cosmic ray, and it is revealed that Psyphon (Vilgax’s old servant) is working for the To’kustar. Psyphon is talking with the To’kustar, saying that he works for the strongest, and was even considering working for Aggregor, but Aggregor preferred to work alone. As the To’kustar was about to destroy Psyphon, he explains that his Robot Extermination Devices (R.E.Ds) will only answer to his command and the To’kustar must allow Psyphon to live so his R.E.Ds can find the rest of the Potis Altiare. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16384945",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nsuch as The Limax, Six Six, Acid Breath, and the character Elsgood. Baker also notable for voicing many various characters and aliens. Richard Steven Horvitz voices Ben's Grey Matter transformation and the villain Sublimino. Richard McGonagle voices Ben's Four Arms transformation, and the villain Exo-Skull. Fred Tatasciore voices Ben's aliens Ripjaws, Cannonbolt, and Way Big, Tatasciore also voices a future version of Ben in \"\"Ben 10,000\"\". And Jim Ward voices the transformations Diamondhead, XLR8, and Wildvine, and the character Gordon Tennyson. Two \"\"Ben 10\"\" films have been released at different times during 2007 and 2008. The first is a regular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11952113",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10\"\n\"\"\"\" special, Cartoon Network updated \"\"Titanic Kungfubot Offensive\"\", adding new bots, such as \"\"Shocksquatch\"\" and \"\"Clockwork\"\"; both of which are aliens accessible to Ben. The character design for Ben Tennyson was changed when the original Ben 10 series ended and was replaced by Alien Force. In the game, he serves as a \"\"Player Guide\"\" offering guide-based missions and special items. In another browser-based game entitled \"\"Cartoon Network Universe: Project Exonaut,\"\" Ben's aliens, alongside Gwen and Vilgax, appear as \"\"exosuits\"\". The exosuits' purpose is protecting the player and giving them unique abilities and powers. The planet Kylmyys (the home of one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14493302",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10/Generator Rex: Heroes United\"\nthe top 100 on iTunes. This special is the second Cartoon Network crossover after the 2007 crossover special, \"\"The Grim Adventures of the KND\"\". A mysterious rift begins to open in the skies of Manhattan. Meanwhile, former agent of peacekeeping organization, \"\"\"\"Providence\"\"\"\", Rex Salazar is sparring against fellow agent, Agent Six, while musing about his need for a theme song, before getting the alert about the rift. Providence appears on the scene to stop the rift, but are unable to do anything before Rex arrives with Six and Bobo. Doctor Holiday, scientist and love interest of Agent Six, then gets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17599594",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10: Destroy All Aliens\"\nBen 10: Destroy All Aliens Ben 10: Destroy All Aliens (originally titled Ben 10: Alien Dimensions, Ben 10: The 3D Movie, or Ben 10 3D: The Movie) is a Singaporean-American computer-animated science fiction action film that premiered on Cartoon Network Asia on March 11, 2012, and in the United States on Cartoon Network March 23, 2012, as part of \"\"Ben 10 Week\"\" which ran from March 19, 2012 – March 24, 2012. It was officially unveiled at San Diego Comic-Con International 2011. This is Cartoon Network Asia's first film in collaboration with Cartoon Network Studios. The movie would be Cartoon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7904533",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben 10 (2005 TV series)\"\nalien Ben could access at that time. Vilgax was the main antagonist of the first season, and was a recurring antagonist in the following seasons. An 11-year-old delinquent sociopath with a mutant power that allows him to absorb energy. He uses the ability to commit crimes to benefit himself, never caring if it hurts anyone. He originally wanted to team up with Ben to become unstoppable, but after Ben refuses the offer, he absorbs power from the Omnitrix instead. He uses this to frame Ben for robberies using the alien forms, but the constant changes makes his DNA unstable and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_412
|
where do peaches come from in the us?
|
n/a
|
[
"other states",
"South Carolina",
"California",
"Georgia"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16282918",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nthe 16th century, and eventually made it to England and France in the 17th century, where it was a prized and expensive treat. The horticulturist George Minifie supposedly brought the first peaches from England to its North American colonies in the early 17th century, planting them at his Estate of Buckland in Virginia. Although Thomas Jefferson had peach trees at Monticello, American farmers did not begin commercial production until the 19th century in Maryland, Delaware, Georgia, South Carolina, and finally in Virginia. In April 2010, an international consortium, the International Peach Genome Initiative (IPGI), that include researchers from the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5067399",
"chunk_text": "Peach\ntotal (table). In 2013, 1.9 million tonnes of peaches and nectarines were exported worldwide, led by Spain's export volume with 39% (0.75 million tonnes) of the total. Italy (0.3 million tonnes), Greece and the United States also had significant export volumes of 0.1 million tonnes each. The U.S. state of Georgia is known as the \"\"Peach State\"\" due to its significant production of peaches as early as 1571, with exports to other states occurring around 1858. In 2014, Georgia was third in US peach production behind California and South Carolina. Peaches are not only a popular fruit, but are symbolic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19524011",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach production in China\"\npeaches to the U.S. during 2010 was valued at about US$55 million. The peach is indigenous to China, with its historical records traced from fossil stones in Wu County in Jiangsu province, during archaeological excavations. The two types of peaches (\"\"Prunus persica\"\", a deciduous fruit) are clingstone and freestone; the history and cultivation of both types have been traced as far back as 1000 BCE in China. They are now grown worldwide. Although its botanical name \"\"Prunus persica\"\" suggests that the peach is native to Persia, peaches actually originated in China, where they have been cultivated since the early days",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303895",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nPeach The peach (\"\"Prunus persica\"\") is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. It bears an edible juicy fruit called a peach or a nectarine. The specific name \"\"persica\"\" refers to its widespread cultivation in Persia (modern-day Iran), from where it was transplanted to Europe. It belongs to the genus \"\"Prunus\"\" which includes the cherry, apricot, almond and plum, in the rose family. The peach is classified with the almond in the subgenus \"\"Amygdalus\"\", distinguished from the other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16849609",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\nwith much overlap. The lack of skin fuzz can make nectarine skins appear more reddish than those of peaches, contributing to the fruit's plum-like appearance. The lack of down on nectarines' skin also means their skin is more easily bruised than peaches. The history of the nectarine is unclear; the first recorded mention in English is from 1616, but they had probably been grown much earlier within the native range of the peach in central and eastern Asia. Although one source states that nectarines were introduced into the United States by David Fairchild of the Department of Agriculture in 1906,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5067385",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nto the putative original domestication that is supposed to have taken place in China about 4,000–5,000 years ago, the second is related to the western germplasm and is due to the early dissemination of the peach in Europe from China and the more recent breeding activities in the United States and Europe. These bottlenecks highlighted the substantial reduction of genetic diversity associated with domestication and breeding activities. Peaches grow in a fairly limited range in dry, continental or temperate climates, since the trees have a chilling requirement that tropical or subtropical areas generally do not satisfy except at high altitudes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16849610",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\na number of colonial-era newspaper articles make reference to nectarines being grown in the United States prior to the Revolutionary War. 28 March 1768 edition of the \"\"New York Gazette\"\" (p. 3), for example, mentions a farm in Jamaica, Long Island, New York, where nectarines were grown. Peacherine is claimed to be a cross between a peach and a nectarine, and are marketed in Australia and New Zealand. The fruit is intermediate in appearance between a peach and a nectarine, large and brightly colored like a red peach. The flesh of the fruit is usually yellow, but white varieties also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16849614",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\nurticaria, angioedema, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms). Adverse reactions are related to the \"\"freshness\"\" of the fruit: peeled or canned fruit may be tolerated. Some 110 chemical compounds contribute to peach aroma, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, polyphenols and terpenoids. Peach (fruit) A peach is a soft, juicy and fleshy stone fruit produced by a peach tree. Peaches were cultivated in China as far back as 8,000 years ago, with domestication at least 4,000 years ago. The peach is deeply interwoven into Chinese traditions. Hundreds of peach and nectarine cultivars are known. These are classified into two categories — the freestones",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16282913",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nwhite flesh typically are very sweet with little acidity, while yellow-fleshed peaches typically have an acidic tang coupled with sweetness, though this also varies greatly. Both colors often have some red on their skin. Low-acid white-fleshed peaches are the most popular kinds in China, Japan, and neighbouring Asian countries, while Europeans and North Americans have historically favoured the acidic, yellow-fleshed cultivars. The scientific name \"\"persica\"\", along with the word \"\"peach\"\" itself and its cognates in many European languages, derives from an early European belief that peaches were native to Persia (modern-day Iran). The Ancient Romans referred to the peach as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "473959",
"chunk_text": "Peach\na ripe peach was also a symbol to imply a ripe state of good health. Caravaggio paintings introduce realism by painting peach leaves that are molted, discolored or in some cases have wormholes – conditions common in modern peach cultivation. Peach The peach (\"\"Prunus persica\"\") is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. It bears an edible juicy fruit called a peach or a nectarine. The specific name \"\"persica\"\" refers to its widespread cultivation in Persia (modern-day Iran),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303901",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nsuggest peaches originated in China, where they have been cultivated since the neolithic period. Until recently, it was believed that the cultivation started 2000 BC. More recent evidence indicates that domestication occurred as early as 6000 BC in Zhejiang Province of China. The oldest archaeological peach stones are from the Kuahuqiao site. Archaeologists point to the Yangtze River Valley as the place where the early selection for favorable peach varieties probably took place. Peaches were mentioned in Chinese writings and literature beginning from the early 1st millennium BC. A domesticated peach appeared very early in Japan, in 6700–6400 BP (4700–4400",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303903",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nthe fruit into Europe after he conquered the Persians, although there is no historical evidence for this belief. Peaches were, however, well known to the Romans in the 1st century AD, and were cultivated widely in Emilia-Romagna. Peach trees are portrayed in the wall paintings of the towns destroyed by the Vesuvius eruption of 79 AD, while the oldest known artistic representations of the fruit are in two fragments of wall paintings, dated to the 1st century AD, in Herculaneum, now preserved in the National Archaeological Museum in Naples. The peach was brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16368695",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\nPeach (fruit) A peach is a soft, juicy and fleshy stone fruit produced by a peach tree. Peaches were cultivated in China as far back as 8,000 years ago, with domestication at least 4,000 years ago. The peach is deeply interwoven into Chinese traditions. Hundreds of peach and nectarine cultivars are known. These are classified into two categories — the freestones and the clingstones, depending on whether the flesh sticks to the stone or not. Freestones are those whose flesh separates readily from the pit. Clingstones are those whose flesh clings tightly to the pit. Some cultivars are partially freestone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303900",
"chunk_text": "Peach\n\"\"malum persicum\"\" \"\"Persian apple\"\", later becoming French \"\"pêche\"\", hence the English \"\"peach\"\". The scientific name, \"\"Prunus persica\"\", literally means \"\"Persian plum\"\", as it is closely related to the plum. Fossil endocarps with characteristics indistinguishable from those of modern peaches have been recovered from late Pliocene deposits in Kunming, dating to 2.6 million years ago. In the absence of evidence that the plants were in other ways identical to the modern peach, the name \"\"Prunus kunmingensis\"\" has been assigned to these fossils. Although its botanical name \"\"Prunus persica\"\" refers to Persia (present Iran) from where it came to Europe, genetic studies",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16282916",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nBC), during the Jōmon period. It was already similar to modern cultivated forms, where the peach stones are significantly larger and more compressed than earlier stones. This domesticated type of peach was brought into Japan from China. Nevertheless, in China itself, this variety is currently attested only at a later date of c. 5300 to 4300 BP. In India, the peach first appeared by c. 3700 BP (1700 BC), during the Harappan period. It is also found elsewhere in Western Asia in ancient times. Peach cultivation reached Greece by 300 BC. It is often claimed that Alexander the Great introduced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16849608",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\nof fuzz or short hairs. Though fuzzy peaches and nectarines are regarded commercially as different fruits, with nectarines often erroneously believed to be a crossbreed between peaches and plums, or a \"\"peach with a plum skin\"\", nectarines belong to the same species as peaches. Several genetic studies have concluded nectarines are produced due to a recessive allele, whereas a fuzzy peach skin is dominant. Nectarines have arisen many times from peach trees, often as bud sports. As with peaches, nectarines can be white or yellow, and clingstone or freestone. On average, nectarines are slightly smaller and sweeter than peaches, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16812871",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nextensively used for peach cultivation in such climates, with >1% of European peaches exceeding legal pesticide limits in 2013. Finally, summer heat is required to mature the crop, with mean temperatures of the hottest month between . Typical peach cultivars begin bearing fruit in their third year. Their lifespan in the U.S. varies by region; the University of California at Davis gives a lifespan of about 15 years while the University of Maine gives a lifespan of 7 years there. Hundreds of peach and nectarine cultivars are known. These are classified into two categories—freestones and clingstones. Freestones are those whose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19524010",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach production in China\"\nPeach production in China China, the world's leading producer of fruit, is also by far the leading producer of peaches. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, as of 2010, peach production in China was 10 million tonnes (11 million short tons), accounting for 50% of world production. Other leading peach producers are Italy (10%), Spain (7%) and the United States (6%). Since most of China's peaches are for domestic consumption, China is not the world's largest exporter of peaches, but instead ranks as the fifth-largest peach exporter, behind Spain, Italy, France and the United States (4th). China's export of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6810152",
"chunk_text": "\"Saturn Peach\"\nPeaches Garden'). Later on, Wukong eats most of the rarer species of fruit in the garden and gains eternal life. The fruit was introduced to the United States from China in 1871. It gained popularity in the 1990s. Saturn Peach The Saturn peach (\"\"Prunus persica\"\" var. \"\"platycarpa\"\"), also known as the doughnut peach or flat peach, is a variety of peach with pale yellow flesh which is oblong in shape. Saturn peaches are flatter than fruit of more popular peach varieties. Their skin is yellow and red, and they are less fuzzy than many other peaches. The inside of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10463741",
"chunk_text": "\"Garden Peach\"\nGarden Peach Garden Peach tomatoes are a cultivar of tomato, native South American fruit mainly from Peru, where they are known as \"\"Coconas\"\". Its small, bright yellow fruit is the standard globe shape of tomato. With its yellow coloring, blushing vaguely pink mottling when very ripe, and fuzzy skin, it resembles a peach. This cultivar is also extremely prolific. It is rich in iron and vitamin B. The plant grows naturally between 200 and 1,000 metres from Colombia to Ecuador and Perú. Studies have shown they may lower cholesterol when eaten, or their juice drunk, regularly, similar to oranges or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303920",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nto combat the disease, including Bordeaux mixture and other copper-based products (the University of California considers these organic treatments), ziram, chlorothalonil, and dodine. The fruit is susceptible to brown rot or a dark reddish spot. Peaches and nectarines are best stored at temperatures of 0 °C (32 °F) and high humidity. They are highly perishable, and typically consumed or canned within two weeks of harvest. Peaches are climacteric fruits and continue to ripen after being picked from the tree. In 2016, world production of peaches and nectarines was 25 million tonnes, led by China which produced 58% of the world",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15794248",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus americana\"\nPrunus americana Prunus americana, commonly called the American plum, wild plum, or Marshall's large yellow sweet plum, is a species of \"\"Prunus\"\" native to North America from Saskatchewan and Idaho south to New Mexico and east to Québec, Maine and Florida. \"\"Prunus americana\"\" has often been planted outside its native range and sometimes escapes cultivation. It is commonly confused with the Canada plum (\"\"Prunus nigra\"\"), although the fruit is smaller and rounder and bright red as opposed to yellow. Many cultivated varieties have been derived from this species. It forms an excellent stock upon which to graft the domestic plum.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16368696",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (fruit)\"\nand clingstone, so are called semifree. Freestone types are preferred for eating fresh, while clingstone types are for canning. The fruit flesh may be creamy white to deep yellow; the hue and shade of the color depends on the cultivar. Peaches with white flesh typically are very sweet with little acidity, while yellow-fleshed peaches typically have an acidic tang coupled with sweetness, though this also varies greatly. Both colors often have some red on their skin. Low-acid white-fleshed peaches are the most popular kinds in China, Japan, and neighbouring Asian countries, while Europeans and North Americans have historically favoured the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6641573",
"chunk_text": "Peachoid\nit using federal funding. The shape of the peach was selected because the Gaffney economy was then dependent upon peach orchards, and because the people of the town wanted to make clear that South Carolina, and at one time, Cherokee County alone, where Gaffney is located, produced more peaches per year than the entire state of Georgia (known as the \"\"Peach State\"\"). Since its construction, the Peachoid's extremely high visibility has introduced an element of tourism to the local economy, and a smaller (500,000 U.S. gallons, 1.9 million liters) peachoid has been built for Clanton, Alabama by the same company.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16812874",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nare marketed in Australia and New Zealand. The fruit is intermediate in appearance between a peach and a nectarine, large and brightly colored like a red peach. The flesh of the fruit is usually yellow, but white varieties also exist. The Koanga Institute lists varieties that ripen in the Southern Hemisphere in February and March. Flat peaches or \"\"pan-tao\"\" have a flattened shape in contrast to ordinary rounded peaches. Most peach trees sold by nurseries are cultivars budded or grafted onto a suitable rootstock. Common rootstocks are 'Lovell Peach', 'Nemaguard Peach', \"\"Prunus besseyi\"\", and 'Citation'. This is done to improve",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16812873",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nflavor. Peaches have a short shelf life, so commercial growers typically plant a mix of different cultivars to have fruit to ship all season long. Different countries have different cultivars. In the United Kingdom, for example, these cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: The variety \"\"P. persica\"\" var. \"\"nucipersica\"\" (or var. \"\"nectarina\"\"), commonly called nectarine, has a smooth skin. It is on occasion referred to as a \"\"shaved peach\"\" or \"\"fuzzless peach\"\", due to its lack of fuzz or short hairs. Peacherine is claimed to be a cross between a peach and a nectarine, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10463742",
"chunk_text": "\"Garden Peach\"\norange juice, but with a greater effect. This heirloom is colored exactly like a peach and has a sweet mild flavor. Fruits are 2-4 oz. and perfect for salads. The vines are prolific and very easy to grow in poor soil. Garden Peaches have soft skins and mature in 65 days on average. They are suited to containers. Garden Peach Garden Peach tomatoes are a cultivar of tomato, native South American fruit mainly from Peru, where they are known as \"\"Coconas\"\". Its small, bright yellow fruit is the standard globe shape of tomato. With its yellow coloring, blushing vaguely pink",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12303898",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nfirm in some commercial varieties, especially when green. The single, large seed is red-brown, oval shaped, approximately 1.3–2 cm long, and is surrounded by a wood-like husk. Peaches, along with cherries, plums and apricots, are stone fruits (drupes). There are various heirloom varieties, including the Indian Peach, or Indian Blood Peach, which arrives in the latter part of the summer, and can have color ranging from red and white, to purple. Cultivated peaches are divided into clingstones and freestones, depending on whether the flesh sticks to the stone or not; both can have either white or yellow flesh. Peaches with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10792126",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach scab\"\nto infect the plant, which is a far more devastating disease. Peach scab Peach scab, also known as peach freckles, is a disease of stone fruits caused by the fungi \"\"Cladosporium carpophilum\"\". The disease is most prevalent in wet and warm areas especially southern part of the U.S. as the fungi require rain and wind for dispersal. The fungus causes scabbing, lesions, and defoliating on twig, fruit, and leaf resulting in downgrade of peach quality or loss of fruits due to rotting in severe cases. The disease affect most stone plants including peaches, apricots and plums. The symptoms can generally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15452579",
"chunk_text": "Fruitcake\nowes its name to Keiller's marmalade. Fruitcake was historically referred to as plum cake in England since around 1700. Typical American fruitcakes are rich in fruit and nuts. Mail-order fruitcakes in America began in 1913. Some well-known American bakers of fruitcake include Collin Street Bakery in Corsicana, Texas, and The Claxton Bakery in Claxton, Georgia. Both Collin Street and Claxton are Southern companies with inexpensive access to large nut quantities, for which the expression \"\"nutty as a fruitcake\"\" was derived in 1935. Commercial fruitcakes are often sold from catalogs by charities as a fund raiser. Most American mass-produced fruitcakes are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19195192",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach scab\"\nPeach scab Peach scab, also known as peach freckles, is a disease of stone fruits caused by the fungi \"\"Cladosporium carpophilum\"\". The disease is most prevalent in wet and warm areas especially southern part of the U.S. as the fungi require rain and wind for dispersal. The fungus causes scabbing, lesions, and defoliating on twig, fruit, and leaf resulting in downgrade of peach quality or loss of fruits due to rotting in severe cases. The disease affect most stone plants including peaches, apricots and plums. The symptoms can generally be found in three major parts of plant: fruits, twigs, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13698367",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus mexicana\"\n\"\"Prunus mexicana\"\" is included in the section \"\"Prunocerasus\"\". Prunus mexicana Prunus mexicana, commonly known as the Mexican plum, is a North American species of plum tree that can be found in the central United States and Northern Mexico. Its native range stretches from Coahuila and San Luis Potosí north as far as Wisconsin and South Dakota, east to Georgia, Kentucky, and Ohio. Mexican Plum is widely cultivated, such as on the west coast of the United States. \"\"Prunus mexicana\"\" is usually found on woodland edges or in open fields. It has a single trunk and reaches a height of .",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10667004",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus gracilis\"\nPrunus gracilis Prunus gracilis, called the Oklahoma plum, sour plum, and sand plum, is native to the south-central United States (eastern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, southwestern Arkansas, northwestern Louisiana). The specific epithet \"\"Gracilis\"\" refers to 'slender branches'. \"\"Prunus gracilis\"\" grows up to tall, has five-petaled leaves, and fruits ripen June–August. Its red fruits are considered poor for eating, but Native Americans dried them for consumption during winter. It grows in clusters and thickets. It is hermaphrodite and pollinated by insects. It is natively found in various states of United States, from Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5832249",
"chunk_text": "Breadbasket\nsoybeans. Additionally, the San Joaquin Valley in California has also been called the breadbasket of the world. The San Joaquin Valley produces the majority of the 12.8% of the United States' agricultural production (as measured by dollar value) that comes from California. Grapes - table, raisin, and to a lesser extent, wine - are perhaps the valley's highest-profile product, but equally (if not more) important are cotton, nuts (especially almonds and pistachios), citrus, and vegetables. 70% of the world's and 100% of the U.S. supply of almonds comes from the valley. Oranges, peaches, garlic, tangerines, tomatoes, kiwis, hay, alfalfa and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12396396",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach scab\"\nwill necessitate more frequent applications. Applications are necessary until 4–6 weeks until harvest. Due to widespread use of fungicides, Peach scab does not pose a large threat to commercial growers of stony fruits, and is primarily a disease that is found in home orchards. Proper sanitation and pruning of leaves will prevent a majority of infections from taking place. Historically, the disease is believed to have originated in Austria, but is now a minor presence for all peach trees typically east of the Rocky Mountains. As a minor disease, peach scab is most dangerous when the scabs develop—allowing brown rot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15994044",
"chunk_text": "\"Introduced species\"\nwill become an invasive species is seldom understood in the beginning, and many non-native ornamentals languish in the trade for years before suddenly naturalizing and becoming invasive. Peaches, for example, originated in China, and have been carried to much of the populated world. Tomatoes are native to the Andes. Squash (pumpkins), maize (corn), and tobacco are native to the Americas, but were introduced to the Old World. Many introduced species require continued human intervention to survive in the new environment. Others may become feral, but do not seriously compete with natives, but simply increase the biodiversity of the area. Dandelions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6810151",
"chunk_text": "\"Saturn Peach\"\nto be more complex-tasting and flavorful, often described as possessing undertones of almond. They are known by many other names, including \"\"doughnut peach\"\" or \"\"donut peach\"\", \"\"paraguayo peach\"\", \"\"pan tao peach\"\", \"\"saucer peach\"\", \"\"flat peach\"\", \"\"belly-up peach\"\", \"\"UFO peach\"\", \"\"Chinese flat peach\"\", \"\"hat peach\"\", \"\"anjeer peach\"\", \"\"custard peach\"\", \"\"wild peach\"\", \"\"white peach\"\", \"\"pumpkin peach\"\", \"\"squashed peach\"\", \"\"bagel peach\"\" or \"\"pita peach\"\". The flat peach originated in China, where it is known as (). The fruit made a significant appearance in the 16th-century novel \"\"Journey to the West\"\", in which the Jade Emperor tasks Wukong to take charge of the ('Coiled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20455742",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus angustifolia\"\nPrunus angustifolia Prunus angustifolia pronounced (PROO-nus an-gus-tih-FOLE-ee-uh), known commonly as Chickasaw plum, Cherokee plum, Florida sand plum, sandhill plum, or sand plum, is a North American species of plum-bearing tree. It was originally cultivated by Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans While \"\"Prunus\"\" is the classical name for European plums, \"\"angustifolia\"\" refers to its narrow leaves. Chickasaw plum grows feet tall and wide in an irregular shape. It is \"\"twiggy\"\" in nature, and has a scaly, almost black bark. Its branches are reddish with thorn-like, small side branches. In February, March, April and May, small white flowers blossom, wide,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1415571",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus persica × Prunus americana\"\nPrunus persica × Prunus americana Prunus persica\"\" × \"\"Prunus americana is the hybrid between the peach \"\"Prunus persica\"\" (often a nectarine) and the wild American plum \"\"Prunus americana\"\". Hybrids were obtained in the 1940s at the University of Minnesota, and have been used in subsequent breeding, such as in the parentage of a plum called 'Minnesota No. 31221'. In that work, hybrids were also obtained between the Canadian wild plum (\"\"Prunus nigra\"\") and the peach. Another such hybrid was produced at an orchard near Broadus, Montana in the mid 1980s. The nectarine was the pollen parent. A leaf from this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16282911",
"chunk_text": "Peach\nChina alone produced 58% of the world's total for peaches and nectarines in 2016. \"\"Prunus persica\"\" grows up to tall and wide. However, when pruned properly, trees are usually tall and wide. The leaves are lanceolate, long, broad, pinnately veined. The flowers are produced in early spring before the leaves; they are solitary or paired, 2.5–3 cm diameter, pink, with five petals. The fruit has yellow or whitish flesh, a delicate aroma, and a skin that is either velvety (peaches) or smooth (nectarines) in different cultivars. The flesh is very delicate and easily bruised in some cultivars, but is fairly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5216539",
"chunk_text": "Prunus\nPrunus Prunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, and almonds. Native to the northern temperate regions, there are 430 different species classified under \"\"Prunus\"\". Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for their fruit and for decorative purposes. \"\"Prunus\"\" fruit are defined as drupes, or stone fruits, because the fleshy mesocarp surrounding the endocarp (pit or stone) is edible. Most \"\"Prunus\"\" fruit and seeds are commonly used in processing, such as jam production, canning, drying or roasting. Members of the genus can be deciduous or evergreen. A few species have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19524023",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach production in China\"\nfresh market through well organised distribution centres. Fruit is harvested when about 80% ripe and then packed in cardboard boxes before dispatch to marketing centres. Export of fresh white-fleshed melting peach has been a trend in recent years and processed products (such as canned, dried, sliced dry products, juices, tea, beer, fruit jelly and candies) are exported to Europe and the US. Peach production in China China, the world's leading producer of fruit, is also by far the leading producer of peaches. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, as of 2010, peach production in China was 10 million tonnes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19033293",
"chunk_text": "\"Prunus tangutica\"\nfruit are green when unripe and purplishred when ripe. The fruits' mesocarps (fleshy exterior) splits when ripe, which led to it being classified as an almond for over a century, with the exception of Kovalev & Kostina in 1935, who assigned it to \"\"Persica\"\". Prunus tangutica Prunus tangutica () is a species of wild peach native to China. Based on its fruit traits it had been considered a wild almond, but genetic and morphological studies have shown that it is more closely related to \"\"Prunus persica\"\", the cultivated peach, with its closest relative being \"\"Prunus mongolica\"\". It is a very",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18019638",
"chunk_text": "\"Bactris gasipaes\"\nm asl. Peach palm is occasionally found at higher altitudes of up to 1800m asl, as the case in Colombia`s Cauca region El Tambo. Peach palm can be considered the most important domesticated palm species of the Neotropics. Its wild and domesticated populations can be found in Central America, in the pacific lowlands of Colombia and Ecuador, in Venezuela and in the area of the Amazon rainforest, especially at the eastern foothills of the Andes. The exact origin of the cultivated peach palm remains open to debate The widespread cultivation of peach palm in the Americas reflects its capacity to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "505264",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach (color)\"\ncolor name in English was in 1588. The etymology of the color peach (and the fruit): the word comes from the Middle English \"\"peche\"\", derived from Middle French, in turn derived from Latin \"\"persica\"\", i.e., \"\"the fruit from Persia\"\". In actuality, the ultimate origin of the peach fruit was from China. Displayed at right is the web color peach puff. Displayed at right is the deep tone of peach called \"\"peach\"\" in Crayola crayons. Prior to 1962, it was known as \"\"flesh\"\", but the name was changed to \"\"peach\"\", ostensibly in recognition of the Civil Rights Movement. Interior Design Religion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12396393",
"chunk_text": "\"Peach scab\"\nperiod about 45 days and up to 77 days until primary symptoms appear on peach trees. Due to long the long incubation period, secondary cycle of fungus does not have significant effect on further infection. As noted earlier, epidemic development heavily depend on successful dispersal of conidia produced from primary inoculum. The primary cause of peach scab, Cladosporium carpophilum, can be found primarily in the Southern portion of the U.S. but still poses a threat in the Midwest. Peach scab affects stony fruits such as peaches, nectarines, and apricots. Like most fungal diseases, peach scab thrives in warm and moist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "41435",
"chunk_text": "\"Bing cherry\"\nBing cherry Bing is a cultivar of the wild or sweet cherry (\"\"Prunus avium\"\") that originated in the Pacific Northwest, in Milwaukie, Oregon, United States. The Bing remains a major cultivar in Oregon, Washington, California, Wisconsin and British Columbia. It is the most produced variety of sweet cherry in the United States. The cultivar was created as a crossbred graft from the Black Republican cherry in 1875 by Oregon horticulturist Seth Lewelling and his Manchurian Chinese foreman Ah Bing, for whom the cultivar is named. Ah Bing was reportedly born in China and immigrated to the U.S. in about 1855.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4835154",
"chunk_text": "Cucurbita\nthe arrival of Columbus. Varieties were in use by native peoples of the United States by the 16th century. Types of \"\"C. maxima\"\" include \"\"triloba\"\", \"\"zapallito\"\", \"\"zipinka\"\", Banana, Delicious, Hubbard, Marrow (\"\"C. maxima\"\" Marrow), Show, and Turban. \"\"C. moschata\"\" is native to Latin America, but the precise location of origin is uncertain. It has been present in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Peru for 4,000–6,000 years and has spread to Bolivia, Ecuador, Panama, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela. This species is closely related to \"\"C. argyrosperma\"\". A variety known as the Seminole Pumpkin has been cultivated in Florida since before the arrival",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15292996",
"chunk_text": "\"Delaware Railroad\"\nfaster peach transport to market than had been possible by steamship. It also allowed the introduction of peach orchards to areas without access to river shipping. The industry spread downstate from the Delaware City area where it originated as the railroad extended further south. By 1875, five million baskets (900,000 carloads) of peaches were shipped on the Delaware railroad. The railroad is credited with the peach becoming a \"\"signature crop\"\" in Delaware - the first state from which peaches were a commercial crop shipped long distances to market. In 1863, peach farmers sued the railroad after they grew a bumper",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16100106",
"chunk_text": "Bactris\nThe genus ranges from Mexico, through Central America and the Caribbean and across much of tropical South America. Diversity is highest in the Amazonian region. Most of the species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest are endemic to the region. Three species (\"\"B. cubensis\"\", \"\"B. jamaicana\"\" and \"\"B. plumeriana\"\") are restricted to the Caribbean and form a closely related clade. \"\"Bactris gasipaes\"\", the peyibaye or peach palm, was domesticated in pre-Columbian times and is cultivated for its starchy fruit and palm heart throughout the Neotropics, especially in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Costa Rica. Other species used for food include \"\"B. brongniartii\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_413
|
when did they stop putting lead in paint?
|
n/a
|
[
"1992"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4786560",
"chunk_text": "Lead\nthe first Medical Inspector of Factories in 1898; as a result, a 25-fold decrease in lead poisoning incidents from 1900 to 1944 was reported. The last major human exposure to lead was the addition of tetraethyllead to gasoline as an antiknock agent, a practice that originated in the United States in 1921. It was phased out in the United States and the European Union by 2000. Most European countries banned lead paint—commonly used because of its opacity and water resistance—for interiors by 1930. In the 1970s, the United States and Western European countries introduced legislation to reduce lead air pollution.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10694579",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\na house painted with lead colors.\"\" Congress banned the use of lead-based paint in residential structures and environments in 1971, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission followed with implementing regulations, effective in 1978. Additional regulations regarding lead abatement, testing and related issues have been issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Much of the government's response to the lead public health problems in the 1970s can be credited to the work of epidemiologist and pediatrician Philip J. Landrigan, who conducted detailed studies of lead poisoning near lead refineries, as well as the effects of lead in gasoline. In 1991, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14476908",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead poisoning\"\nin 1897. France, Belgium, and Austria banned white lead interior paints in 1909; the League of Nations followed suit in 1922. However, in the United States, laws banning lead house paint were not passed until 1971, and it was phased out and not fully banned until 1978. The 20th century saw an increase in worldwide lead exposure levels due to the increased widespread use of the metal. Beginning in the 1920s, lead was added to gasoline to improve its combustion; lead from this exhaust persists today in soil and dust in buildings. Blood lead levels worldwide have been declining sharply",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268977",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nLead-based paint in the United States Lead-based paint was widely used in the United States, because of its durability. The United States banned the manufacture of lead-based house paint in 1978 due to health concerns. Lead has long been considered to be a harmful environmental pollutant. Cited cases of lead poisoning date back to the early 20th century. In the July 1904 edition of its monthly publication, paint manufacturer Sherwin-Williams reported the dangers of paint containing lead, noting that a French expert had deemed lead paint \"\"poisonous in a large degree, both for the workmen and for the inhabitants of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11330088",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nlead paint may still be found in older properties painted prior to the introduction of such regulations. Although lead has been banned from household paints in the United States since 1978, paint used in road markings may still contain it. Alternatives such as water-based, lead-free traffic paint are readily available, and many states and federal agencies have changed their purchasing contracts to buy these instead. Lead white was being produced during the 4th century BC; the process is described by Pliny the Elder, Vitruvius and the ancient Greek author Theophrastus. The traditional method making the pigment was called the stack",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10694594",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\npaint. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control performs regular studies of housing-based health hazards in the U.S. Lead-based paint in the United States Lead-based paint was widely used in the United States, because of its durability. The United States banned the manufacture of lead-based house paint in 1978 due to health concerns. Lead has long been considered to be a harmful environmental pollutant. Cited cases of lead poisoning date back to the early 20th century. In the July 1904 edition of its monthly publication, paint manufacturer Sherwin-Williams reported the dangers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319769",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nand furniture containing lead paint. The cited reason was \"\"to reduce the risk of lead poisoning in children who may ingest paint chips or peelings\"\". For manufacturers, the CPSC instituted the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, which changed the cap on lead content in paint from 0.06% to 0.009% starting August 14, 2009. In 2018 the State of Delaware banned the use of lead paint on outdoor structures. In April 2010 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency required that all renovators working in homes built before 1978 and disturbing more than six square feet of lead paint inside the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268984",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\npamphlet as well as a specific disclosure statement. The option of whether to test for the presence of lead-based paint is left to the owner, so long as a decision not to test is disclosed. The EPA issued a new regulation called 'Renovation, Repair and Painting' (RRP) regarding the renovation of residential housing and child-occupied buildings built before 1978 on April 22, 2008. The rule (Federal Register: July 15, 2009 (Volume 74, Number 134)) became effective April 22, 2010. Under the rule, contractors performing renovation, repair and painting projects that disturb lead-based coatings (including lead paint, shellac or varnish) in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12822203",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead contamination in Oakland\"\ncenter of car culture, and extensive highway development began to take place starting in the 1950s. Leaded gasoline was in widespread use in the United States for much of the 20th century, with lead levels gradually being reduced starting in the early 1970s, and leaded gasoline finally being completely banned in 1996. The use of leaded gasoline contributed greatly to lead contamination in Oakland, especially in areas of the city near its highways. Lead-based paints were commonly used in Oakland until its ban in 1978, and as many as 85,000 still extant houses built in Oakland in that time period",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319765",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nsmall amount could cover a large surface. It was widely used by artists until the 19th century, when it was replaced by zinc white and titanium white. The dangers of lead paint were considered well-established by the beginning of the 20th century. In the July 1904 edition of its monthly publication, Sherwin-Williams reported the dangers of paint containing lead, noting that a French expert had deemed lead paint \"\"poisonous in a large degree, both for the workmen and for the inhabitants of a house painted with lead colors\"\". As early as 1886, German health laws prohibited women and children from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319768",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nexterior paints sold to consumers. Canadian paint manufacturers have been conforming to this background level in their interior and exterior consumer paints since 1991. Nevertheless, a Canadian company, Dominion Colour Corporation, is \"\"the largest manufacturer of lead-based paint pigments in the world\"\" and has faced public criticism for obtaining permission from the European Chemicals Agency to continue to export lead chromate paints from its Dutch subsidiary to countries where its uses are not tightly regulated. The United States' Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) banned lead paint in 1977 in residential properties and public buildings (16 CFR 1303), along with toys",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14476882",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead poisoning\"\namount of lead in paint; for example, a 1978 law in the US restricted the lead in paint for residences, furniture, and toys to 0.06% or less. In October 2008, the US Environmental Protection Agency reduced the allowable lead level by a factor of ten to 0.15 micrograms per cubic meter of air, giving states five years to comply with the standards. The European Union's Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive limits amounts of lead and other toxic substances in electronics and electrical equipment. In some places, remediation programs exist to reduce the presence of lead when it is found to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319770",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nhome or 20 square feet outside the home be certified. EPA's Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule (RRP Rule) lowers the risk of lead contamination from home renovation activities. It requires that firms performing renovation, repair, and painting projects that disturb lead-based paint in homes, child care facilities and pre-schools (any child occupied facility) built before 1978 be certified by EPA and use certified renovators who are trained by EPA-approved training providers to follow lead-safe work practices. As of 2018, there are an estimated 37 million homes and apartments with lead paint in the United States. The Philippines banned lead",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319766",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nworking in factories processing lead paint and lead sugar. In 1786, Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter warning a friend about the hazards of lead and lead paint, which he considered well-established. The League of Nations began efforts to ban lead paint in 1921. Lead paint is hazardous. It can cause nervous system damage, stunted growth, kidney damage, and delayed development. It is dangerous to children because it tastes sweet, therefore encouraging children to put lead chips and toys with lead dust in their mouths. Lead paint is dangerous to adults and can cause reproductive problems in men or women. Decreases",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10694593",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nfor the presence of lead, but they are not reliable and not authorized by HUD to be used in determining if a property is lead-based-paint free. The home's year of construction can be a clue as to the likelihood that lead is present in its paint. As of April 2011, 87% of homes built before 1940 contain at least some lead paint, homes built between 1940 and 1960 have a 69% chance of containing such paint, homes built between 1960 and 1978 have a 24% chance of containing lead paint, while homes built after 1978 are unlikely to have lead-based",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10694580",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nSecretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, Louis Wade Sullivan, called lead the \"\"number one environmental threat to the health of children in the United States.\"\" Humans are exposed to lead in many ways. These can be through air, drinking water, food, contaminated soil, deteriorating paint, and dust. Airborne lead enters the body by breathing or swallowing lead particles or dust once it has settled. Old lead-based paint is the most significant source of lead exposure in the U.S. Most homes built before 1960 contain heavily leaded paint. Some homes built as recently as 1978 may also contain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138818",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\n'competent body' before purchase. Until the early 1970s red, yellow, orange and green lead-based pigments (lead chromate) were added to a limited number of decorative coloured gloss and wall paints. Following this non-lead alternatives were used as pigments. However lead chromate continued to be used in yellow road markings up to the present day. Its use was supposed to cease on 21 May 2015, the sunset date set by EU REACH regulations. However a last minute request for authorization by the Canadian pigment producer \"\"Dominion Colour Corporation (DCC)\"\" has had preliminary support by the European Chemicals Agency, which if approved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11330097",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\npaint in 2013, but in 2017, 15% of the paint still was not certified. Lead paint is not prohibited in India. A 2015 study found that over 31% of household paints in India had lead concentration above 10,000 parts per million (ppm), which far exceeds the BIS standard of 90 ppm for lead in paint. In South Africa, the Hazardous Substances Act of 2009 classifies lead as a hazardous substance and limits its use in paint to 600 parts per million (ppm). A proposed amendment will modify this to 90 ppm, thereby almost completely eradicating lead from paint. The amendment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11330087",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nLead paint Lead paint or lead-based paint is paint containing lead. As pigment, lead(II) chromate (Pb Cr O, \"\"chrome yellow\"\"), Lead(II,IV) oxide, (Pb O, \"\"red lead\"\"), and lead(II) carbonate (Pb C O, \"\"white lead\"\") are the most common forms. Lead is added to paint to accelerate drying, increase durability, maintain a fresh appearance, and resist moisture that causes corrosion. It is one of the main health and environmental hazards associated with paint. In some countries, lead continues to be added to paint intended for domestic use, whereas countries such as the U.S. and the UK have regulations prohibiting this, although",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268983",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\n5. In addition, if a child is poisoned in a property, the owner may be required to perform abatement (permanent elimination of the lead hazard). In 1996, the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Environmental Protection Agency enacted the Lead-Based Paint Disclosure Regulation. It requires owners of pre-1978 \"\"target housing\"\" to disclose to potential buyers or renters all known information about the presence of lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards in the property. It requires that the potential buyer or tenant be given the lead information pamphlet, \"\"Protect Your Family From Lead In Your Home,\"\" or other EPA-approved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138814",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\npaint may have been used are skirting boards, doors, door frames, stairs, banisters, window frames and sills, wooden flooring, radiators, and pipes, though it could also have been applied to any other surface at this time e.g. plaster walls. Prior to this the concentration of white lead in paint rose to its highest levels between the years 1930 and 1955, as much as half the volume in some paints, meaning many post-war UK houses have significant amounts of lead in original paint layers. In the 1950s, alternative white pigments, such as titanium dioxide, were introduced. In 1963 a voluntary agreement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8245914",
"chunk_text": "\"Baltimore Lead Paint Study\"\n1951, Baltimore was the first city to ban the use of lead paint in new housing, starting a move towards abating the amount of lead use at home. 27 years later, in 1978 the Consumer Product Safety Commission laid down a nationwide ban of lead paint in the United States. The Kennedy Krieger Institute is a branch of Johns Hopkins that provides medical care, rehabilitation, and research, especially emphasizing research geared towards children with learning and physical disabilities arising from neurodegenerative disorders. Lead’s effects on the nervous system manifests into reduced cognitive ability, especially in children. Once lead paint was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138813",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\nLead-based paint in the United Kingdom Most lead-based paint in the United Kingdom was banned from sale to the general public in 1992, apart from for specialist uses. Prior to this lead compounds had been used as the pigment and drying agent in different types of paint, for example brick and some tile paints Until the early 1960s white lead (lead carbonate/lead sulphate) was added in substantial quantities as the main white pigment in some paint products intended for use as a primer or top coat over metal and wood, both internally and externally. Examples of where this type of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6614318",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead abatement in the United States\"\nreductions in crime, and more. The immense costs of inaction make lead hazard control highly economical. This is even more true in for the \"\"lowest hanging fruit\"\", like removing lead from all fuels including in lower income countries. The United Nations and the World Health Organization have been leading efforts to eliminate lead in paint since 2002. Lead abatement in the United States Lead abatement is an activity to reduce levels of lead, particularly in the home environment, generally to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards, in order to reduce or eliminate incidents of lead poisoning. Lead abatement may be undertaken",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7075995",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead abatement in the United States\"\npaint activities, including abatement, must be certified. Lead abatement is distinguished from Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) programs, which are typically performed at the option of the property owner for aesthetic or other reasons, or as an interim control to minimize lead hazards. RPP programs are not designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards. The reason that lead paint is such a common issue is because of its durability and widespread use. It was constantly endorsed by local and state governments until the 1970s, despite domestic occurrences of lead poisoning and reports from European countries that revealed its toxicity. By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138819",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\ncould see its use continue in road markings until 2022 or later. Lead (lead naphthenate) was added as a drying agent to some types of paint to ensure the paint surface hardened. In the 1960s this practice was phased out for ordinary paint available to the general public, however its use has not (so far) been banned by legislation. The Lead Paint Safety Association (LiPSA) is a not-for-profit UK organisation that aims to promote awareness and best practice in lead paint safety and compliance. LiPSA's objective is to prevent and ultimately to eliminate childhood and occupational lead poisoning. LiPSA was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4788936",
"chunk_text": "Lead\nan 8-hour workday, and the blood lead level limit at 5 μg per 100 g of blood in 2012. Lead may still be found in harmful quantities in stoneware, vinyl (such as that used for tubing and the insulation of electrical cords), and Chinese brass. Old houses may still contain lead paint. White lead paint has been withdrawn from sale in industrialized countries, but specialized uses of other pigments such as yellow lead chromate remain. Stripping old paint by sanding produces dust which can be inhaled. Lead abatement programs have been mandated by some authorities in properties where young children",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20987038",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead–crime hypothesis\"\nof Edmund Muskie that would help lead to the phaseout of leaded gasoline and lead-based paint in the 1970s. Blood lead levels would drop notably soon after the phaseout. In the decades since, scientists have concluded that no safe threshold for lead exposure exists. Though efforts to reduce environmental levels of lead were initially slowed down by the lead industry, the emergence of Clair Patterson in the 1960s would lead to more meaningful changes. The establishment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1970, and the influence of the Consumer Product Safety Commission would help ensure that gasoline and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3479349",
"chunk_text": "Tinsel\nafter the 1960s due to concern that it exposed children to a risk of lead poisoning. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in August 1971 that lead tinsel caused an unnecessary risk to children, and convinced manufacturers and importers to voluntarily stop producing or importing lead tinsel after January 1, 1972. The FDA did not actually ban the product because the agency did not have the evidence needed to declare lead tinsel a \"\"health hazard.\"\" Modern tinsel is typically made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film coated with a metallic finish. Coated mylar film also has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20556183",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead–crime hypothesis\"\npaint could only contain trace amounts of lead. Furthermore, several major legislative acts were passed to help reduce the amount of lead being introduced into the environment, including the Clean Air Act of 1970 and the Lead Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act. The international process of trying to lower the prevalence of lead has been largely spearheaded by the Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles (PCFV). The non-governmental organization partners with major oil companies, various governmental departments, multiple civil society groups, and other such institutions worldwide. Efforts to phase-out lead in transport fuel achieved major gains in over seventy-five nations.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4229736",
"chunk_text": "\"Philip J. Landrigan\"\nlowers a child's IQ. In a later study (2002), Landrigan correlated childhood lead exposure and lifetime earning potential, concluding that current levels of lead exposure in the United States amount to an aggregate income loss of over $40 billion a year. Landrigan and his studies played a key role in the government mandate phasing out lead components from gasoline, beginning in 1975, and the federal ban on lead paint in 1978 – culminating in an 88% drop in lead levels in American children by 2005. Beginning in 1988, at the request of U.S. Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont, Landrigan led",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10694672",
"chunk_text": "\"Environmental impact of paint\"\ncorrosion. Paint with significant lead content is still used in industry and by the military. For example, leaded paint is sometimes used to paint roadways and parking lot lines. Lead, a poisonous metal, can damage nerve connections (especially in young children) and cause blood and brain disorders. Because of lead's low reactivity and solubility, lead poisoning usually only occurs in cases when it is dispersed, such as when sanding lead-based paint prior to repainting. Primer paint containing hexavalent chromium is still widely used for aerospace and automobile refinishing applications. Zinc chromate has been used as a pigment for artists' paint,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268980",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nlead paint. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics monitors blood lead levels in the United States. Experts use a new level based on the U.S. population of children ages 1-5 years who are in the top 2.5% of children when tested for lead in their blood (when compared to children who are exposed to more lead than most children). Currently that is 5 micrograms per deciliter of lead in blood. The U.S. government defines \"\"lead-based paint\"\" as any \"\"paint, surface coating that contains lead equal to or exceeding one milligram per square",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319776",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nthan either titanium white or lead white. It is commonly used to lighten mixtures subtly while maintaining transparency. Although zinc white is the standard white in watercolors, its structural soundness in oils has been debated. Zinc white dries slowly and creates a relatively inflexible paint film. Critics of the pigment argue that its use leads to excessive cracking and delamination, even when used sparingly. Lead paint Lead paint or lead-based paint is paint containing lead. As pigment, lead(II) chromate (Pb Cr O, \"\"chrome yellow\"\"), Lead(II,IV) oxide, (Pb O, \"\"red lead\"\"), and lead(II) carbonate (Pb C O, \"\"white lead\"\") are the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3888873",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead poisoning\"\ntens or hundreds of milligrams of lead. Eating chips of lead paint presents a particular hazard to children, generally producing more severe poisoning than occurs from dust. Because removing lead paint from dwellings, e.g. by sanding or torching creates lead-containing dust and fumes, it is generally safer to seal the lead paint under new paint (excepting moveable windows and doors, which create paint dust when operated). Alternatively, special precautions must be taken if the lead paint is to be removed. In oil painting it was once common for colours such as yellow or white to be made with lead carbonate.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20987037",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead–crime hypothesis\"\nquotient (IQ) scores goes back to a seminal 1979 study in \"\"Nature\"\", with later analysis finding the link particularly robust. The heavy metal lead can be found readily in the environment, especially in urban and industrialized areas. The majority of modern day environmental lead contamination can be traced back to leaded paint and the addition of tetraethyllead and tetramethyllead to gasoline, though other sources have contributed as well. Though some of the hazards of lead exposure have been documented for centuries, recognition of the hazards posed did not appear to gain much traction until the 1960s with the Senate hearings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268987",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\ncertain elements were required before, and others required attention well before April 2010. The state of Rhode Island filed a public nuisance lawsuit in 1999 (\"\"State of Rhode Island v. Lead Industries Association\"\") to force the former manufacturers of lead paint to pay for the cleanup of current lead hazards in Rhode Island. After a trial that ended in a hung jury in 2002, the state refiled the case. In February 2006, the jury decided in favor of the state and said that Sherwin-Williams, NL Industries and Millennium Holdings would have to pay for the clean-up of lead paint in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138816",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\nwooden windows until the early 1980s. In 1992 European Union legislation was implemented within the UK by the Environmental Protection, part of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), as the Controls on Injurious Substances Regulations. This prevented the addition of white lead to almost all paints except those intended for use in historic buildings and as artwork. The lead-based pigments (lead tetroxide/calcium plumbate, or \"\"red lead\"\") were widely used as an anti-corrosive primer coating over exterior steelwork. This type of paint might have been applied to garden gates and railings, guttering and downpipes and other external iron",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268981",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\ncentimeter (1.0 mg/cm2) or 0.5% by weight.\"\" Some states have adopted this or similar definitions of \"\"lead-based paint.\"\" These definitions are used to enforce regulations that apply to certain activities conducted in housing constructed prior to 1978, such as abatement, or the permanent elimination of a \"\"lead-based paint hazard.\"\" The U.S. government and many states have regulations regarding lead-based paint. Many of them apply to evaluating a property for lead-based paint. There are two different testing procedures that are similar but yield different information. Lead-based paint inspections will evaluate all painted surfaces in a complex to determine where lead-based paint,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18138820",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom\"\nfounded by Tristan Olivier. LiPSA's members include individuals and organisations, especially those in the area of lead paint testing and removal and offers web-based, email and telephone advice in relation to lead paint, including testing strategies. LiPSA also offers an emergency telephone support line for child lead poisoning and/or occupational exposure concerns. Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom Most lead-based paint in the United Kingdom was banned from sale to the general public in 1992, apart from for specialist uses. Prior to this lead compounds had been used as the pigment and drying agent in different types of paint, for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319767",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\nin sperm production in men have been noted. Lead is considered a possible and likely carcinogen. High levels may result in death. The European Union has passed a directive controlling lead paint use. In Canada, regulations were first enacted under the Hazardous Products Act in 1976 that limited lead content of paints and other liquid coatings on furniture, household products, children's products, and exterior and interior surfaces of any building frequented by children to 0.5% by weight. New regulations on surface coating materials, which came into force in 2005, further limit lead to its background level for both interior and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3319774",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead paint\"\natmospheric pollutants, although this can be reversed. Lead is not a traditional pigment in water mediums, as zinc is superior for works on paper, as is calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) for frescos. Lead-based paints, when used on paper, often cause the work to become discolored after long periods of time; the paint's lead carbonate reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the air and with acids, which often come from fingerprints. Paint manufacturers have replaced white lead with a less toxic substitute, titanium white (based on the pigment titanium dioxide), which was first used in paints in the 19th century. Titanium dioxide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4788935",
"chunk_text": "Lead\nnon-battery products, including gasoline, paints, solders, and water systems. Particulate control devices were installed in coal-fired power plants to capture lead emissions. Lead use was further curtailed by the European Union's 2003 Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive. A large drop in lead deposition occurred in the Netherlands after the 1993 national ban on use of lead shot for hunting and sport shooting: from 230 tonnes in 1990 to 47.5 tonnes in 1995. In the United States, the permissible exposure limit for lead in the workplace, comprising metallic lead, inorganic lead compounds, and lead soaps, was set at 50 μg/m over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3289504",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead abatement\"\nLead abatement Lead abatement is an activity to reduce levels of lead, particularly in the home environment, generally to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards, in order to reduce or eliminate incidents of lead poisoning. Lead abatement may be undertaken in response to orders by state or local government. It requires specialized techniques that local construction contractors typically do not have. It includes activities such as lead-based paint inspections, risk assessments and lead-based paint removal. In the United States, lead abatement activities are regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Lead abatement companies are governed by the EPA and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268985",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nchild-occupied facilities built before 1978 must be certified and must follow specific work practices to prevent lead contamination. EPA’s RRP rule impacts many construction trades, including general contractors and special trade contractors, painters, plumbers, carpenters, glaziers, wood floor refinishers and electricians. Activities performed by all of these trades can disturb lead-based paint and have the potential to create hazardous lead dust. For most individuals, eight hours of training is required. However, individuals who have successfully completed renovation courses developed by HUD or EPA, or an abatement worker or supervisor course accredited by EPA or an authorized State or Tribal program,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268991",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nage six reside. Adult workers using unsafe work practices or improper protective gear may also become lead-poisoned. There are specialized paint strippers for use with lead paint such as \"\"Lead-Out\"\" paint stripper, \"\"Strip-Tox\"\", \"\"Lead-X\"\", and others. Some of these specialized strippers render lead non-hazardous decreasing the risks associated with lead paint removal. HUD requires a dust test for \"\"clearance\"\" at the end of any remodeling or repainting job be performed by a third-party professional who is independent of the entity performing the work. Lead evaluations of paint are usually performed by a field testing method known as X-Ray fluorescence (XRF)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3888867",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead poisoning\"\nin the US. A 2007 paper by the same author claims to show a strong association between preschool blood lead and subsequent crime rate trends over several decades across nine countries. Lead exposure in childhood appears to increase school suspensions and juvenile detention among boys. It is believed that the U.S. ban on lead paint in buildings in the late 1970s, as well as the phaseout of leaded gasoline in the 1970s and 1980s, partially helped contribute to the decline of violent crime in the United States since the early 1990s. Lead is a common environmental pollutant. Causes of environmental",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3888872",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead poisoning\"\nthat 38 million housing units in the US had lead-based paint, down from a 1990 estimate of 64 million. Deteriorating lead paint can produce dangerous lead levels in household dust and soil. Deteriorating lead paint and lead-containing household dust are the main causes of chronic lead poisoning. The lead breaks down into the dust and since children are more prone to crawling on the floor, it is easily ingested. Many young children display pica, eating things that are not food. Even a small amount of a lead-containing product such as a paint chip or a sip of glaze can contain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5740255",
"chunk_text": "\"Paint stripper\"\nPaint stripper Paint stripper, or paint remover, is a product designed to remove paint and other finishes and also to clean the underlying surface. The removal of paint containing lead may lead to lead poisoning and is regulated in the United States. Other paint removal methods involve mechanical (scraping or sanding) or heat (hot air, radiant heat, or steam). A material safety data sheet will provide more safety information than on the product label. Chemical paint removers work only on certain types of finishes, and when multiple types of finishes may have been used on any particular surface, trial and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1268990",
"chunk_text": "\"Lead-based paint in the United States\"\nMore than 250,000 children in the United States have significantly harmful levels of lead in their bodies. There is no safe level of exposure. Working in a lead-safe manner means avoiding dry sanding, dry scraping, removing paint by torching/burning, the use of heat guns over 1100°F, machine-sanding or grinding without HEPA filtered dust collection or HEPA-filtered vacuum. These methods are now prohibited by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) because they have been proved to create significant levels of lead dust during remodeling, renovation and painting. They must be avoided, especially in properties where children under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_414
|
what breed of dog is the teddy bear dog?
|
n/a
|
[
"Zuchon"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4797020",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nto no planned breeding was used other than breeding dogs with agreeable traits to each other to produce the desired work ethic in the dog. The Feist (dog), Bull Terrier, Smooth Fox Terrier, Manchester Terrier, Whippet, Italian Greyhound, the now extinct English White Terrier, Turnspit Dog, and Wry-legged Terrier all share in the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier's ancestry. These early ratting terriers were then most likely bred to the Beagle or Beagle crossbred dogs (for increased scenting ability) and other dogs. Maximizing the influences from these various breeds provides the modern Teddy Roosevelt Terrier with a keen sense of awareness and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15112087",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nTeddy Roosevelt Terrier The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized American hunting terrier. It is lower-set, with shorter legs, and is more muscular with heavier bone density than the related American Rat Terrier. Much diversity exists in the history of the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier breed, and it shares a common early history with the American Rat Terrier, Fox Paulistinha, and Tenterfield Terrier. The Rat Terrier's background is said to stem from the terriers or other dogs that were brought over by early English and other working-class immigrants. Since the breed was a farm, hunting, and utility dog, little",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9664217",
"chunk_text": "\"Shih Tzu\"\nShih Tzu A Shih Tzu (, ; ), also known as the Chrysanthemum Dog, is a toy dog breed, weighing from 4 to 7.25 kilograms (9–16 lbs) when fully grown. The exact origins of the breed are unknown, but it is thought to have originated in the Tibetan Plateau, and then been developed in China. The Shih Tzu is a sturdy little dog with a short muzzle and large dark eyes. They have a soft and long double coat. Although sometimes long, a Shih Tzu will not always have extremely lengthy hair. Some of them have more short, curly hair.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18836439",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy bear\"\nTeddy bear A teddy bear is a soft toy in the form of a bear. Developed apparently simultaneously by toymakers Morris Michtom in the U.S. and Richard Steiff in Germany in the early years of the 20th century, and named after President Theodore \"\"Teddy\"\" Roosevelt, the teddy bear became an iconic children's toy, celebrated in story, song, and film. Since the creation of the first teddy bears which sought to imitate the form of real bear cubs, \"\"teddies\"\" have greatly varied in form, style, color, and material. They have become collector's items, with older and rarer \"\"teddies\"\" appearing at public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16227909",
"chunk_text": "Zuchon\nfully grown. 'Dog Breed Info' says the Zuchon is a dog \"\"known for his endearing face, large expressive eyes, and his soft teddy-bear coat.\"\" The Zuchon usually has a longer coat that does not shed. This longer coat may lead to more time for maintenance and grooming. As hypoallergenic dogs, Zuchons are generally more suitable for homes with allergy problems amongst the inhabitants, although allergic reactions may still occur. This toy dog is said to have a \"\"great\"\" personality, and it is playful, lively and well-mannered. They can be a bit stubborn, but when they are trained well, they are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13267439",
"chunk_text": "\"Shih Tzu\"\n\"\"teddy bear cut\"\" when the puppy cut is accompanied by a fuller, rounder face, resembling a stuffed animal. Although an individual Shih Tzu's temperament varies from dog to dog, the breed has a personality and temperament that is loyal, affectionate, outgoing, cute and alert. They tend to be possessive around other dogs. Training and proper socializing must start at a young age for the Shih Tzu to obey basic commands, for the Shih Tzu is prone to stubbornness when it comes to training. While the Shih Tzu is an excellent watchdog because of its alert and active nature, it was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "289544",
"chunk_text": "\"Karelian Bear Dog\"\nKarelian Bear Dog The Karelian Bear Dog (Karjalankarhukoira) is a Finnish breed of dog. In its home country, it is regarded as a national treasure. Karelian Bear Dogs will hunt a variety of animals. Its quick reflexes and fearless nature have made it very popular for hunting aggressive game, including bears, moose, and wild boar. It was the breed's ability to hunt and offer protection from bears that earned the breed its name. The Karelian Bear Dog is among the top 10 most common dog breeds in Finland. According to archaeological records, dogs very similar to the modern Russo-European Laika",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19171760",
"chunk_text": "Pekingese\nPekingese The Pekingese (also known as the Lion Dog, Peking Lion Dog, Pelchie Dog, or Peke) is an ancient breed of toy dog, originating in China. They are called Lion Dogs due to their resemblance to Chinese guardian lions (the Shih Tzu is also known as a Lion Dog in Chinese). The breed was favored by royalty of the Chinese Imperial court as both a lap dog and companion dog, and its name refers to the city of Peking (Beijing) where the Forbidden City is located. The breed has several characteristics and health issues related to its unique appearance. Because",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9238717",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nof the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier, \"\"bench-legged feist\"\". Since the breed was primarily a farm and hunting dog, crossing Rat Terriers to other breeds was common. One such early cross was with the Beagle, and this cross possibly reinforced the bench leg, since the Bench-legged Beagle was a common hunting companion. Separating the long-legged phenotype from the short-legged phenotype in most cases did not occur, litters born from parents of either or both phenotypes commonly displayed a variety of leg and body length, yet all were still considered and labeled merely as Rat Terriers. In the middle 1990s, efforts to segregate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4797021",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nprey drive, an acute sense of smell. and a very high intellect. Although they tend to be aloof with strangers, they are devoted companion dogs with a strong desire to please and be near their owners at all times. The current UKC standard calls for a Teddy Roosevelt Terrier to be in height, with weight proportionate to height. Teddy Roosevelt Terriers weighing as much as or as little as are not uncommon. Early American history shows that the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier, like the Rat Terrier, were often referred to as Feist or just plain terrier mixes - in the case",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334656",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nacceptable. The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier occurs in solid white, other solid colors with markings, and white with a variety of colored patches. The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier should be evaluated as a working terrier, and exaggerations, or faults, should be penalized in proportion to how much they interfere with the dog’s ability to work. Honorable scars resulting from field work are not to be penalized. Disqualification: A longer-legged, square-bodied dog, whose proportions vary significantly from the desired ratio, lacks breed type, and must be disqualified. Like the Rat Terrier, the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier of today is bred for versatility, including hunting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13246180",
"chunk_text": "Beagle\nBeagle The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound. The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare. With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world. The beagle is intelligent but single-minded. It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems. Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19845893",
"chunk_text": "\"Bear dog\"\nbut recent research suggests a possible North American origin from the miacids \"\"Miacis cognitus\"\" and \"\"M. australis\"\" (now renamed as the genera \"\"Gustafsonia\"\" and \"\"Angelarctocyon\"\" respectively). As these are of North American origin, but appear to be early amphicyonids, it may be that the Amphicyonidae actually originates in North America. During the early Miocene, a number of large amphicyonids are thought to have migrated from Eurasia into North America. These taxa belong to the Old World amphicyonid subfamily Amphicyoninae. The earliest to appear is the large bear dog \"\"Ysengrinia\"\" Ginsburg, followed by \"\"Cynelos\"\" Jourdan, and then by \"\"Amphicyon\"\". This influx",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6853488",
"chunk_text": "\"Karelian Bear Dog\"\nthe Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Karelian Bear Dogs were introduced in 2004 in Karuizawa, Japan, a popular resort town 170 km northwest of Tokyo, where they reduced the number of bear incidents from 255 in 2006 to four in 2017. Males stand at the withers; females are shorter, at . Both sexes weigh about 20–23 kg (44.1–50.7 lbs). The breed has a coat of straight, stiff guard hairs and a fine, soft, thick undercoat. There should be no curl in the hair at all. The colour should be black with white markings. Often the jet black hair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14928774",
"chunk_text": "\"Jämthund\"\ntends to dry out the weather-resistant coat. The Jämthund received official recognition as a breed in 1946, due to intensive work by Aksel Lindström and others. Before that, the Jämthund and the Norwegian Elkhound were seen as the same breed. They are used for moose hunting and sled pulling. In the local dialect, it used to be referred to as \"\"bear dog\"\". It is one of the very few dogs that will not back off from a bear. Jämthund The Jämthund, also called the Swedish Elkhound/Moosehound, is a breed of dog of the Spitz type that are found in Northern",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13267455",
"chunk_text": "\"Shih Tzu\"\nliving Shih Tzu was Smokey from Florida. Smokey lived to be 23 years old. There is a difference between the Shih Tzu of the American Kennel Club and the Kennel Club (UK) : Shih Tzu A Shih Tzu (, ; ), also known as the Chrysanthemum Dog, is a toy dog breed, weighing from 4 to 7.25 kilograms (9–16 lbs) when fully grown. The exact origins of the breed are unknown, but it is thought to have originated in the Tibetan Plateau, and then been developed in China. The Shih Tzu is a sturdy little dog with a short muzzle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5165918",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese Imperial Dog\"\nChinese Imperial Dog The Chinese Imperial Dog is a Toy dog breed with a wrinkly, short-muzzled face, and curled tail. Kennel clubs originally classified the breed under the shih-tzu, before recognizing the Imperial as a separate breed. Other names for the Chinese Imperial Dog include: Imperial Shih Tzu, Lion Dog, Micro Shih Tzu, Miniature Shih Tzu, Princess-type Shih Tzu, Tiny Teacup Shih Tzu, Tiny Toy Shih Tzu. The purpose of the Chinese Imperial Dog is considered a . The Chinese Imperial Dog was first bred in China in the Imperial Palace where the smaller ones were carried by the nobility",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13991526",
"chunk_text": "\"Toy dog\"\nterm teacup dog, thus the toy/teacup boundary remains fuzzy. The standard size for a toy dog ranges from 4 to 7 pounds; anything smaller than the standard size of a toy dog may be a runt of a litter. No official size defines a teacup dog, but unofficially a teacup dog is considered to be a dog that is 17 inches or less and weighs 4 lbs or less at the age of 12 months. There are no specific teacup dog breeds, but popular types for breeding teacup dogs include: Shih Tzu, Chihuahua, Yorkshire Terrier, Poodle, Pug, Maltese, Pomeranian, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5750532",
"chunk_text": "\"Tahltan Bear Dog\"\nTahltan Bear Dog The Tahltan Bear Dog was a breed of dog that was indigenous to Canada. This breed is believed to be extinct by most authorities. The Tahltan was built somewhere between the lines of the spitz and pariah types. The ideal dog was, above all else, athletic and agile. As they were always bred solely for hunting value, appearance could vary significantly between dogs. A Tahltan Bear Dog was primarily black, dark brown or blue, with some white patches on the chest and sometimes the feet. Standing 14 to 17 inches high at the shoulder, with relatively large,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2726081",
"chunk_text": "\"Northern breed group\"\nNorthern breed group Northern Breed Group is the name of a breed group of dogs, used by kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds. Dogs listed in the \"\"Northern Breed Group\"\" may not all be of the same type of dog. Spitz-type dogs are the primary dog type of the Arctic and northern parts of the world, and the Shiba Inu, Chow Chow, Alaskan Malamute, Siberian Husky and Samoyed are being shown by genetic research to be descendents of the oldest dog types known. The Spitz or Northern-type dogs of today developed from antiquity along with humans,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18836449",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy bear\"\ncollectors today. Fake bears look suspiciously new and unhandled: their noses are unworn, and their seams may be thick and uneven. All Ideal bears have jointed hips, necks, and shoulders. Early examples have a characteristic \"\"American football\"\" shape and are mostly made of short gold or beige mohair plush with matching felt paws, and distinctive, sharply pointed foot pads. They have shoe-button or glass eyes, and the fur around the muzzle may be shorn. Later bears were made in a large variety of colours and types—for example, pandas—and had longer fur. Other collectible bears include ones by the Knickerbocker Toy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334658",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nmakes them easy to train. They are energetic and playful, and their antics can make one laugh daily. However, when it is time to settle down, they are just as content to be in a lap. They can adapt to almost any lifestyle, whether shown in conformation rings, working in agility trials, or just a great companion for home or farm. Their size makes them suitable for apartment living, as well. Today, the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is gaining a solid following and becoming a popular household companion.(Source AKC) Less common problems may include allergies, bite problems (malocclusions), hip dysplasia, elbow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5165920",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese Imperial Dog\"\nclaims it has only been in existence since the 1960s. The reason behind the origin debate is that the Chinese Imperial Dog is almost identical to the Shih Tzu in every aspect except for their size. Chinese Imperial Dog The Chinese Imperial Dog is a Toy dog breed with a wrinkly, short-muzzled face, and curled tail. Kennel clubs originally classified the breed under the shih-tzu, before recognizing the Imperial as a separate breed. Other names for the Chinese Imperial Dog include: Imperial Shih Tzu, Lion Dog, Micro Shih Tzu, Miniature Shih Tzu, Princess-type Shih Tzu, Tiny Teacup Shih Tzu, Tiny",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334654",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\nnot a Rat Terrier. The first standard for the breed was developed by the now-defunct Teddy Roosevelt Terrier Club of America in 1996. Currently, several registration organizations are active, all of which have their own standards, but the most commonly accepted are the United Kennel Club and the United Kennel Club International, although the UKCI still only recognizes them as a variation of the Rat Terrier. In 1999, both \"\"Rat Terrier\"\" and “Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\" were accepted as a separate breeds by the United Kennel Club. Currently, the UKC accepts single Teddy Roosevelt Terrier registration applications for dogs from 10",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1308679",
"chunk_text": "Zuchon\ngeneration dog. When a multi-generation Zuchon is born, the possibility of health issues increases. Some possible defects known to designer dogs include canine hip dysplasia, deafness, epilepsy, and liver disease. Americans began breeding designer dogs in the 1990s. The Zuchon is a cross between an oriental Shih Tzu and a Mediterranean Bichon Frisé. Although this breed of dog is relatively new, its popularity and fame is growing quickly. The Zuchon is still not thought of as an official breed of dog, only a cross-breed. This may change as the dog is becoming a popular toy dog being classified with all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3850020",
"chunk_text": "Chizer\nChizer The chizer is a mixed dog breed originating in the United States of America. Chizers are a mix of the Chihuahua and the miniature schnauzer. This breed is not recognized by the American Kennel Club. The chizer has a combination of looks from both breeds of dogs, and can vary depending upon the breakdown of the breed. General sizes of a chizer range between 6-14 inches in height and approximately 4-15-lbs in weight. The chizer is a small breed dog, and works great in smaller areas, such as apartments, condos, and townhomes. The chizer comes in a typical variety",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3811143",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy bear\"\neyes. Modern teddy bears tend to have larger eyes and foreheads and smaller noses, babylike features that enhance the toy's cuteness. Teddy bears are also manufactured to represent different species of bear, such as polar bears and grizzly bears, as well as pandas. While early teddy bears were covered in tawny mohair fur, modern teddy bears are manufactured in a wide variety of commercially available fabrics, most commonly synthetic fur, but also velour, denim, cotton, satin, and canvas. Commercially made, mass-produced teddy bears are predominantly made as toys for children. These bears either have safety joints for attaching arms, legs,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3180575",
"chunk_text": "Dachshund\nDachshund The dachshund (UK: /ˈdakshʊnd/ or or ) (; also known as the sausage dog or wiener dog) is a short-legged, long-bodied, hound-type dog breed. The standard size dachshund was developed to scent, chase, and flush out badgers and other burrow-dwelling animals, while the miniature dachshund was bred to hunt smaller prey such as rabbits. In the United States, they have also been used to track wounded deer and hunt prairie dogs. Dachshunds also participate in conformation shows, field trials and many other events organized through pure-bred dog organizations such as the American Kennel Club (AKC). According to the AKC,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16234182",
"chunk_text": "\"Taiwan Dog\"\nTaiwan Dog The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan. These dogs are also known as Formosan Mountain Dog, Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog (). They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers. Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions. Formosans are classified into one medium type",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334655",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\ndifferent registries, where they are simply designated as Rat Terriers. . The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a low-set, muscular, active, small- to medium-sized hunting terrier. The preferred ratio of length of body (prosternum to point of buttocks) to height (withers to ground) is between 10:7 and 10:8. The head is broad, slightly domed, wedge-shaped, and proportionate to the size of the body. Ears are V-shaped, set at the outside edges of the skull, and may be erect or button. A docked tail is preferred, but a natural bob tail or a natural tail carried in an upward curve is also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "683398",
"chunk_text": "Bullenbeisser\nBullenbeisser The Bullenbeisser, also known as the German Bulldog, was a breed of dog known for its strength and agility. The breed was closely related to the Bärenbeisser (some believe that the two breeds were the same; the names mean \"\"bull-biter\"\" and \"\"bear-biter,\"\" respectively), and was an ancestor to the modern Boxer breed. It was, in all its aspects, similar to the present Alano Español (Spanish Bulldog) and very alike to the Dogo Argentino, not only in aspect, but also in usage. There were two regional varieties, the Brabanter Bullenbeisser and the Danziger Bullenbeisser. The breed is now extinct. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19845891",
"chunk_text": "\"Bear dog\"\nBear dog Amphicyonidae is an extinct family of large terrestrial carnivorans belonging to the suborder Caniformia which inhabited North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa from the Middle Eocene subepoch to the Pliocene epoch 42—2.6 Mya, existing for about . Amphicyonids are often colloquially referred to as \"\"bear-dogs\"\". They are closely related to true dogs (Canidae) and a little less related to bears (Ursidae). The family was erected by Haeckel (1886) [also attributed to Trouessart 1885]. While amphicyonids were previously thought to be closely related to ursids (bears), there is increasing evidence that they may be basal caniforms. Amphicyonids ranged in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8188324",
"chunk_text": "\"Shikoku dog\"\nthe Shika-inus, the medium-sized dogs. Other medium-sized dogs are the Kai Ken, the Ainu and the Kishu Inu. They are all very similar with overlapping colors and only minor differences in size and morphology. It also served as the partial ancestor to the Tosa after it was crossed with European breeds such as the Great Dane, Old English Bulldog, English Mastiff, St. Bernard (dog) and others. It is cautious and brave with good judgment. It is also loyal to its master. It has sharper features than most Japanese dogs and is sometimes allowed to chase wild boar so it will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334657",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\ninstincts, soundness of health, great temperament, and good looks. Teddy Roosevelt Terriers have higher than average prey drive and will chase squirrels, rats, stray cats, and any other animals thet consider prey. They also dig and follow mole trail,s leaving an array of trenches and holes behind. They make excellent watch dogs, and can be very protective and territorial. They share a love for their families and become very attached, craving human interaction and affection. Always by their owners' sides, they become constant shadows, following their masters around throughout the daily routine. These dogs are very smart and loyal, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8656217",
"chunk_text": "\"McNab dog\"\nMcNab dog The McNab Dog - commonly called McNab Shepherd or McNab Collie - is a herding dog that originated in the Mendocino region of Northern California. The McNab was bred to withstand the tough conditions found in California such as heat, burrs, foxtails, and rugged terrain. Until recently, the McNab was little known outside California, but the last three decades have seen a gain in popularity and geographic dispersal of the breed. The appearance of the McNab can vary considerably. The dog is medium-sized with females standing 16-21 inches at the shoulder and weighing 30-50 pounds and males standing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20833144",
"chunk_text": "\"Rare breed (dog)\"\nrare when brought to other parts of the world for pets or (rarely) to do the work for which they originally developed. An example is the Kuchi dog, a livestock guardian dog type which originated with the nomadic Kuchi people of Central Asia, and is now marketed in Europe and the United States as several differently named purebred rare breeds. Rare breed (dog) Rare breed (dog) is any breed of dog that is small in number and is used to refer to both old established breeds such as the Stabyhoun and Glen of Imaal Terrier or newer creations. Since dogs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16503298",
"chunk_text": "\"Pit bull\"\nPit bull Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog descended from bulldogs and terriers. Formal breeds often considered to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier. The American Bulldog is also sometimes included. Mixed-breed dogs which physically resemble these breeds often get labelled as \"\"pit bulls\"\" by shelters. Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers. After the use of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "773883",
"chunk_text": "\"Rare breed (dog)\"\nRare breed (dog) Rare breed (dog) is any breed of dog that is small in number and is used to refer to both old established breeds such as the Stabyhoun and Glen of Imaal Terrier or newer creations. Since dogs have greater genetic variability than other domesticated animals the number of possible breeds is vast with new crosses constantly occurring, from these both selected and random crosses may come new breeds should offspring reliably breed true to type. New breeds from the wild such as the Carolina Dog are quite rare compared to attempts at breed creation from man as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18836453",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy bear\"\nthat giving a teddy bear to a child during a crisis stabilized and calmed them, NAPLC created the Teddy Bear Cops program to distribute teddy bears to police, fire, and emergency officials throughout the United States, for their use in providing teddy bears to children in emergencies. On April Fools' Day 1972, issue 90 of \"\"The Veterinary Record\"\" published a paper on the diseases of \"\"Brunus edwardii\"\" detailing common afflictions of teddy bears. Teddy bear A teddy bear is a soft toy in the form of a bear. Developed apparently simultaneously by toymakers Morris Michtom in the U.S. and Richard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7238331",
"chunk_text": "\"Jug (dog)\"\nJug (dog) The Jug is a mix of a pug and a Jack Russell Terrier. They are bred to retain the basic features of a pug with a slightly longer nose in an attempt to reduce the breathing problems that pugs are notorious for. Having gained immense popularity as designer dogs, they are generally characterized by a round head, short or slightly elongated muzzle and a curly tail. It has a small body structure with a lighter physique compared to a pug but is as strong as the Jack Russell Terrier. However, the physical features may differ from one dog",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16141731",
"chunk_text": "\"Karelian Bear Dog\"\nvery social hunting dogs that prefer an outdoor environment, and need plenty of space to run free and get lots of exercise. In addition, they need a lot of mental and physical stimulation, as this breed is used to having a job to do. These traits tend to prevent the breed from becoming popular companion dogs. Karelian Bear Dog The Karelian Bear Dog (Karjalankarhukoira) is a Finnish breed of dog. In its home country, it is regarded as a national treasure. Karelian Bear Dogs will hunt a variety of animals. Its quick reflexes and fearless nature have made it very",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3001866",
"chunk_text": "\"Boxer (dog)\"\nBoxer (dog) The Boxer is a medium-sized, short-haired breed of dog, developed in Germany. The coat is smooth and tight-fitting; colors are fawn or brindled, with or without white markings, and white. Boxers are brachycephalic (they have broad, short skulls), have a square muzzle, mandibular prognathism (an underbite), very strong jaws, and a powerful bite ideal for hanging on to large prey. The Boxer was bred from the Old English Bulldog and the now extinct Bullenbeisser which became extinct by crossbreeding rather than by a decadence of the breed. The purpose of the crossbreeding was the wish to eliminate the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4420597",
"chunk_text": "\"Bull Terrier\"\nBull Terrier The Bull Terrier is a breed of dog in the terrier family. There is also a miniature version of this breed which is officially known as the Miniature Bull Terrier. The Bull Terrier's most recognizable feature is its head, described as 'shark-head-shaped' (sometimes confused with egg-shaped) when viewed from the front; the top of the skull is almost flat. The profile curves gently downwards from the top of the skull to the tip of the nose, which is black and bent downwards at the tip, with well developed nostrils. The under-jaw is deep and strong. The unique triangular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2983287",
"chunk_text": "\"Bamse (St. Bernard)\"\nBamse (St. Bernard) Bamse (Norwegian for \"\"teddy bear\"\") (1937 – 22 July 1944) was a St. Bernard dog that became the heroic mascot of the Free Norwegian Forces during the Second World War. He became a symbol of Norwegian freedom during the war. Bamse was bought in Oslo, Norway by Captain Erling Hafto, the master of the Norwegian whale-catcher \"\"Thorodd\"\", and he was taken to sea from an early age. In her childhood memories of pre-war Honningsvåg, Captain Hafto's daughter Vigdis remembers Bamse as a very kind dog that would look after the children while they were playing. At the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1308680",
"chunk_text": "Zuchon\nother toy dog purebreds. Organizations that recognise this breed include the American Canine Hybrid Club and the Designer Dogs Kennel Club. Zuchon Zuchon or Shichon is a hybrid breed dog or a designer dog. It is cross between Bichon Frisé and Shih Tzu. The Zuchon is a small designer dog with a height around 12 inches and weighing 12 to 14 pounds. \"\"Zuchon\"\" is a portmanteau name combining the two breed names and is not accepted as a breed by the AKC or any other major recognised dog breed registry. The Zuchon is also known as a Shichon or, less",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16381590",
"chunk_text": "\"Luxating patella\"\nin toy- and miniature-breed dogs. Breeds showing a predisposition for medial patellar luxation include miniature and toy Poodles, Maltese, Jack Russell Terriers, Yorkshire Terriers, Pomeranians, Pekingese, Patterdale Terriers, Chihuahuas, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Papillons, Boston Terriers, Plummer Terriers, and Teddy Roosevelt Terriers. Large-breed dogs are also affected, and the Labrador retriever seems particularly predisposed. Patellar luxation is less common in cats than in dogs. Predisposed breeds include the Devon Rex and the Abyssinian. Although the specific cause of patellar luxation is unknown in these cases, a defect in hind limb conformation is generally agreed to be the underlying cause. Rarely,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "289546",
"chunk_text": "\"Karelian Bear Dog\"\naccompany them to the afterlife. The Karelian Bear Dog was used mainly for hunting small fur-bearing animals, such as squirrels and marten. Like the Norwegian Elkhound, the Karelian Bear Dog was also used in hunting moose, lynx, wolf and, as its name would suggest, hunting the Eurasian brown bear. In hunting bear, at least a pair of Bear Dogs would be used to harry the animal, barking loudly, in order to distract the bear while the human hunter came in for the kill. Karelian Bear Dogs have been used for bear control at Yosemite and Glacier national parks, and with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11334659",
"chunk_text": "\"Teddy Roosevelt Terrier\"\ndysplasia, and subluxating patella, as these are problems that appear in the related Rat Terrier. Ectopia lentis, a congenital condition, also affects this breed. Although not currently well-documented in the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier, it is seen in small numbers and populations according to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, but is still seen in higher numbers in the Rat Terrier and other terrier breeds. Teddy Roosevelt Terrier The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized American hunting terrier. It is lower-set, with shorter legs, and is more muscular with heavier bone density than the related American Rat Terrier. Much diversity",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17033180",
"chunk_text": "Bulldog\nBulldog The Bulldog, also known as the British Bulldog or English Bulldog, is a medium-sized breed of dog. It is a muscular, hefty dog with a wrinkled face and a distinctive pushed-in nose. The American Kennel Club (AKC), The Kennel Club (UK), and the United Kennel Club (UKC) oversee breeding records. Bulldogs were the fourth most popular purebred in the US in 2016 according to the American Kennel Club. Bulldogs have a longstanding association with English culture, as the BBC wrote: \"\"to many the Bulldog is a national icon, symbolising pluck and determination.\"\" During World War II, Bulldogs were often",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7238332",
"chunk_text": "\"Jug (dog)\"\nto the other depending on the extent to which they have inherited the physical features of their respective parents. The Jug is a popular designer dog that has been in development since the 1960s, an intentional crossbreed between the Jack Russell Terrier, an energetic and enthusiastic fox hunting dog developed in England, and the Pug, an ancient lapdog that was favoured in China for thousands of years. Jug (dog) The Jug is a mix of a pug and a Jack Russell Terrier. They are bred to retain the basic features of a pug with a slightly longer nose in an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_415
|
when did the battles of lexington and concord happen?
|
n/a
|
[
"April 19, 1775"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425243",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nBattles of Lexington and Concord The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. The battles were fought on April 19, 1775 in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (present-day Arlington), and Cambridge. They marked the outbreak of armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in America. In late 1774, Colonial leaders adopted the Suffolk Resolves in resistance to the alterations made to the Massachusetts colonial government by the British parliament following the Boston Tea Party. The colonial assembly responded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14005413",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nwreath at the base of \"\"The Minute Man\"\" statue and then respectfully observed as Sir Peter Ramsbotham, the British Ambassador to the United States, laid a wreath at the grave of British soldiers killed in the battle. Battles of Lexington and Concord The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. The battles were fought on April 19, 1775 in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (present-day Arlington), and Cambridge. They marked the outbreak of armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383468",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nbut belated decision to send a messenger back to Boston asking for reinforcements. Although often styled a battle, in reality the engagement at Lexington was a minor brush or skirmish. As the regulars' advance guard under Pitcairn entered Lexington at sunrise on April 19, 1775, about 80 Lexington militiamen emerged from Buckman Tavern and stood in ranks on the village common watching them, and between 40 and 100 spectators watched from along the side of the road. Their leader was Captain John Parker, a veteran of the French and Indian War, who was suffering from tuberculosis and was at times",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13817564",
"chunk_text": "\"Lexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar\"\nCommission of Fine Arts passed the design only reluctantly, feeling Beach had been given poor materials to work with. The coins were sold for $1, and were vended at the anniversary celebrations in Lexington and in Concord; they were sold at banks across New England. Although just over half of the authorized mintage of 300,000 was struck, almost all of the coins that were minted were sold. Depending on condition, they are catalogued in the hundreds of dollars. The Battles of Lexington and Concord took place in those neighboring Massachusetts towns on April 19, 1775. The enmity between the British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12452189",
"chunk_text": "\"Lexington Battle Green\"\nLexington Battle Green The Lexington Battle Green, properly known as Lexington Common, is the historic town common of Lexington, Massachusetts. It was at this site that the opening shots of the Battles of Lexington and Concord were fired on April 19, 1775, starting the American Revolutionary War. Now a public park, the common is a National Historic Landmark. Unlike many other towns, Lexington did not set aside a separate common area when the town was laid out. In 1711, the townspeople raised funds by subscription, and purchased of land as a militia training ground. This was enlarged by one more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10663342",
"chunk_text": "\"American colonial marines\"\nAmerican colonial marines The historical battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts sparked the beginning of the American War for Independence on 19 April 1775; soon after, the rest of the thirteen American colonies were pulled into the conflict. Many of the leaders in the rebellion recognized that a naval engagement against the British was the primary option to prevent the British from restoring Crown rule by military occupation. On 9 May 1775, sailors and mariner-militiamen aboard a flotilla under the command of Colonel Benedict Arnold captured a British sloop-of-war on Lake Champlain. The ship was renamed \"\"Liberty\"\" to honor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19845008",
"chunk_text": "\"Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War\"\nThe Battle of Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775 drew thousands of militia forces from throughout New England to the towns surrounding Boston. These men remained in the area and their numbers grew, placing the British forces in Boston under siege when they blocked all land access to the peninsula. The British were still able to sail in supplies from Nova Scotia, Providence, and other places because the harbour remained under British naval control. Colonial forces could do nothing to stop these shipments due to the naval supremacy of the British fleet and the complete absence of any sort",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11730122",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolution\"\nof Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775. The Patriots laid siege to Boston, expelled royal officials from all the colonies, and took control through the establishment of Provincial Congresses. The Battle of Bunker Hill followed on June 17, 1775. It was a British victory—but at a great cost: about 1,000 British casualties from a garrison of about 6,000, as compared to 500 American casualties from a much larger force. The Second Continental Congress was divided on the best course of action, but eventually produced the Olive Branch Petition, in which they attempted to come to an accord with King",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15512509",
"chunk_text": "\"Concord, Massachusetts\"\ngood number of planters with him into the woods\"\"; Willard was a canny trader who spoke the Algonquian language and had gained the trust of Native Americans. They exchanged wampum, hatchets, knives, cloth, and other useful items for the six-square-mile purchase from Old Jethro, which formed the basis of the new town, called \"\"Concord\"\" in appreciation of the peaceful acquisition. The Battle of Lexington and Concord was the first conflict in the American Revolutionary War. On April 19, 1775, a force of British Army regulars marched from Boston to Concord to capture a cache of arms that was reportedly stored",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15533284",
"chunk_text": "\"Boston campaign\"\ncontrol of the colonies. The colonies, in spite of their differences, united themselves as a consequence of these events, granting the Second Continental Congress (predecessor to the modern U.S. Congress) sufficient authority and funding to conduct the revolution as a unified whole, including funding and outfitting the military forces that formed as a result of this campaign. Boston campaign The Boston campaign was the opening campaign of the American Revolutionary War, taking place primarily in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The campaign began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, in which the local colonial militias",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11730087",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolution\"\nbattle between Patriot militia and British regulars when the king's army attempted to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. The conflict then developed into a global war, during which the Patriots (and later their French, Spanish, and Dutch allies) fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War (1775–83). Each of the thirteen colonies formed a Provincial Congress that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism, and from there they built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington. The Continental Congress",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425345",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nLexington. Patriots' Day, an observed legal holiday is celebrated annually in honor of the battle in Massachusetts. It is recognized by that state, as well as by Connecticut, Maine, and by the Wisconsin public schools, on the third Monday in April. Re-enactments of Paul Revere's ride are staged, as are the battle on the Lexington Green, and ceremonies and firings are held at the North Bridge. On April 19, 1875, President Ulysses S. Grant and members of his cabinet joined 50,000 people to mark the 100th anniversary of the battles. The sculpture by Daniel Chester French, \"\"The Minute Man\"\", located",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9329284",
"chunk_text": "\"Patriots' Day\"\nhas started between 9:30 am and 10:00 am, resulting in the racers going through Kenmore towards the middle of the Red Sox game. Patriots' Day Patriots' Day is an annual event, formalized as several state holidays, commemorating the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the first battles of the American Revolutionary War. The holiday was originally celebrated on April 19, the actual anniversary of the battles (fought in 1775). Since 1969, it has been observed on the third Monday in April in Massachusetts and in Maine (which until the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was part of Massachusetts). The Monday holiday creates",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425244",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nby forming a Patriot provisional government known as the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and calling for local militias to train for possible hostilities. The Colonial government exercised effective control of the colony outside of British-controlled Boston. In response, the British government in February 1775 declared Massachusetts to be in a state of rebellion. About 700 British Army regulars in Boston, under Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith, were given secret orders to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies reportedly stored by the Massachusetts militia at Concord. Through effective intelligence gathering, Patriot leaders had received word weeks before the expedition that their supplies might",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15533265",
"chunk_text": "\"Boston campaign\"\nBoston campaign The Boston campaign was the opening campaign of the American Revolutionary War, taking place primarily in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The campaign began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, in which the local colonial militias interdicted a British government attempt to seize military stores and leaders in Concord, Massachusetts. The entire British expedition suffered significant casualties during a running battle back to Charlestown against an ever-growing number of militia. Subsequently, accumulated militia forces surrounded the city of Boston, beginning the Siege of Boston. The main action during the siege, the Battle of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1814761",
"chunk_text": "\"Patriots' Day\"\nPatriots' Day Patriots' Day is an annual event, formalized as several state holidays, commemorating the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the first battles of the American Revolutionary War. The holiday was originally celebrated on April 19, the actual anniversary of the battles (fought in 1775). Since 1969, it has been observed on the third Monday in April in Massachusetts and in Maine (which until the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was part of Massachusetts). The Monday holiday creates a three-day long weekend. It is also the first day of a vacation week for public schools in both states and a school",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383449",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nthe colony and as general of an occupying force. Edmund Burke described Gage's conflicted relationship with Massachusetts by saying in Parliament, \"\"An Englishman is the unfittest person on Earth to argue another Englishman into slavery.\"\" The colonists had been forming militias since the very beginnings of Colonial settlement for the purpose of defense against Indian attacks. These forces also saw action in the French and Indian War between 1754 and 1763 when they fought alongside British regulars. Under the laws of each New England colony, all towns were obligated to form militia companies composed of all males 16 years of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7975069",
"chunk_text": "\"Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution\"\ndrilling all over New England, and outright revolution broke out on April 19, 1775, with the battles of Lexington and Concord, near Boston. Loyalists were present at the outset: British general Lord Hugh Percy's relief column, coming to the rescue of the redcoats retreating from Concord and Lexington, was accompanied by armed Loyalists in civilian clothes, members of a unit called Friends of the King. One of their number, Edward Winslow, had his horse shot out from under him, and was personally cited by Percy for bravery. Another, Samuel Murray, was captured but later released. After the British were besieged",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13192738",
"chunk_text": "\"Concord Monument Square–Lexington Road Historic District\"\nConcord Monument Square–Lexington Road Historic District The Concord Monument Square–Lexington Road Historic District is an historic district in Concord, Massachusetts. Monument Square, at the center of the district, was laid out in 1635. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential houses stretching along Lexington Street southeast from the square, and along Lowell northwest of the square. The square is prominently known as the site of British activities on April 19, 1775, the day of the Battles of Lexington and Concord which began the American Revolutionary War, and of earlier meetings by Massachusetts Patriots which were held in the First",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6812467",
"chunk_text": "\"American colonial marines\"\nNavy aboard \"\"Defense\"\" participated in the action against the British ships \"\"HMS Tamar\"\" and \"\"HMS Cherokee\"\" at Charleston. Commodore James Barron was in command of the Virginia Navy during the Revolutionary War. American colonial marines The historical battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts sparked the beginning of the American War for Independence on 19 April 1775; soon after, the rest of the thirteen American colonies were pulled into the conflict. Many of the leaders in the rebellion recognized that a naval engagement against the British was the primary option to prevent the British from restoring Crown rule by military",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383536",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nin June before the Battle of Bunker Hill. General Heath studied the position of the British Army and decided to withdraw the militia to Cambridge. In the morning, Boston was surrounded by a huge militia army, numbering over 15,000, which had marched from throughout New England. Unlike the Powder Alarm, the rumors of spilled blood were true, and the Revolutionary War had begun. Now under the leadership of General Artemas Ward, who arrived on the 20th and replaced Brigadier General William Heath, they formed a siege line extending from Chelsea, around the peninsulas of Boston and Charlestown, to Roxbury, effectively",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14005411",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nat the North Bridge, was unveiled on that day. A formal ball took place in the evening at the Agricultural Hall in Concord. In April 1925 the United States Post Office issued three stamps commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Battles at Lexington and Concord. The Lexington—Concord commemorative stamps were the first of many commemoratives issued to honor the 150th anniversaries of events that surrounded America's War of Independence. The three stamps were first placed on sale in Washington, D.C. and in five Massachusetts cities and towns that played major roles in the Lexington and Concord story: Lexington, Concord, Boston,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425262",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nFoot, and the 1st Battalion of His Majesty's Marine Forces. Protecting the grenadier companies were about 320 light infantry from the 4th, 5th, 10th, 23rd, 38th, 43rd, 47th, 52nd, and 59th Regiments, and the 1st Battalion of the Marines. Each company had its own lieutenant, but the majority of the captains commanding them were volunteers attached to them at the last minute, drawn from all the regiments stationed in Boston. This lack of familiarity between commander and company would cause problems during the battle. The British began to awaken their troops at 9 pm on the night of April 18",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6364490",
"chunk_text": "\"Modern history\"\ncentury saw the Thirteen Colonies of North America overthrow the governance of the Parliament of Great Britain, and then reject the British monarchy itself to become the sovereign United States of America. In this period the colonies first rejected the authority of the Parliament to govern them without representation, and formed self-governing independent states. The Second Continental Congress then joined together against the British to defend that self-governance in the armed conflict from 1775 to 1783 known as the American Revolutionary War (also called American War of Independence). The American Revolution began with fighting at Lexington and Concord. On July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16935674",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Lexington\"\nFirst Battle of Lexington The First Battle of Lexington, also known as the Battle of the Hemp Bales or the Siege of Lexington, was an engagement of the American Civil War. It took place from September 12 to September 20, 1861 between the Union Army and the pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard in Lexington, county seat of Lafayette County, Missouri. The victory won by the Missouri Guard bolstered the considerable Southern sentiment in the area, and briefly consolidated Missouri State Guard control of the Missouri River Valley in the western part of the state. This engagement should not be confused with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14005412",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nCambridge, and Concord Junction (as West Concord was then known). This is not to say that other locations were not involved in the battles. The Town of Concord invited 700 prominent U.S. citizens and leaders from the worlds of government, the military, the diplomatic corps, the arts, sciences, and humanities to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the battles. On April 19, 1975, as a crowd estimated at 110,000 gathered to view a parade and celebrate the Bicentennial in Concord, President Gerald Ford delivered a major speech near the North Bridge, which was televised to the nation. President Ford laid a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383447",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nBoston. Ralph Waldo Emerson describes the first shot fired by the Patriots at the North Bridge in his \"\"Concord Hymn\"\" as the \"\"shot heard round the world\"\". The British Army's infantry was nicknamed \"\"redcoats\"\" and sometimes \"\"devils\"\" by the colonists. They had occupied Boston since 1768 and had been augmented by naval forces and marines to enforce what the colonists called The Intolerable Acts, which had been passed by the British Parliament to punish the Province of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party and other acts of defiance. General Thomas Gage was the military governor of Massachusetts and commander-in-chief",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383457",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\ndespite Gage's efforts to keep the details hidden from all the British rank and file and even from the officers who would command the mission. There is reasonable speculation that the confidential source of this intelligence was Margaret Gage, General Gage's New Jersey-born wife, who had sympathies with the Colonial cause and a friendly relationship with Warren. Between 9 and 10 pm on the night of April 18, 1775, Joseph Warren told Revere and William Dawes that the British troops were about to embark in boats from Boston bound for Cambridge and the road to Lexington and Concord. Warren's intelligence",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9989269",
"chunk_text": "\"Buckman Tavern\"\nthe Lexington Training Band. In those years the tavern was a favorite gathering place for militiamen on days when they trained on the Lexington Green. (Lexington, unlike other local communities, did not establish a minuteman company, instead maintaining a \"\"training band\"\" [an old English phrase for a militia company] for local defense). The Battle of Lexington and Concord took form before dawn on April 19, 1775. Having received word that the regular army had left Boston in force to seize and destroy military supplies in Concord, several dozen militiamen gathered on the town common, and then eventually went to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425330",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nin 1793 at age 98.) All told, far more blood was shed in Menotomy and Cambridge than elsewhere that day. The colonists lost 25 men killed and nine wounded there, and the British lost 40 killed and 80 wounded, with the 47th Foot and the Marines suffering the highest casualties. Each was about half the day's fatalities. The British troops crossed the Menotomy River (today known as Alewife Brook) into Cambridge, and the fight grew more intense. Fresh militia arrived in close array instead of in a scattered formation, and Percy used his two artillery pieces and flankers at a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3660429",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Russell House\"\nJason Russell House The Jason Russell House is a historic house in Arlington, Massachusetts, the site of the bloodiest fighting on the first day of the American Revolutionary War, April 19, 1775 (the Battle of Lexington and Concord). The house was purchased in 1923 by the Arlington Historical Society which restored it in 1926, and now operates it as a museum from mid-April through the end of September, together with the adjoining Smith Museum, built in 1981 to house changing exhibitions of life in Arlington. About 1740, Jason Russell (1716–1775), a relatively prosperous farmer, constructed the house on pasture land",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6961521",
"chunk_text": "\"Historical reenactment in Concord and Lexington, Massachusetts\"\nHistorical reenactment in Concord and Lexington, Massachusetts The towns of Concord and Lexington, Massachusetts are the site of Minute Man National Historical Park, a park governed by the National Park Service. The most highly-attended event in the park is the annual reenactment of the first shots of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, performed by the Lexington Minute Men Company and His Majesty's Tenth Regiment of Foot. On April 19, 1775, the Revolutionary War's first battle was fought on the Lexington Battle Green. Later, as public interest grew due to the bicentennial celebration of the American Revolutionary War, volunteers began",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16835900",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Chelsea Creek\"\nmet their goal of strengthening the siege of Boston by removing livestock and hay on those islands from the reach of the British regulars. The British armed schooner \"\"Diana\"\" was also destroyed and its weaponry was appropriated by the Colonial side. This was the first naval capture of the war, and it was a significant boost to the morale of the Colonial forces. The Battle of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775 drew thousands of militia forces from throughout New England to the towns surrounding Boston. These men remained in the area and their numbers grew, placing the British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9174102",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Boston\"\nhiding munitions in the town of Concord, and he sent troops to capture them. Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Dr. Samuel Prescott made their famous midnight rides to alert the Minutemen in the surrounding towns, who fought the resulting Battle of Lexington and Concord in April 1775. It was the first battle of the American Revolution. Militia units across New England rallied to the defense of Boston, and Congress sent in General George Washington to take command. The British were trapped in the city, and suffered very heavy losses in their victory at the Battle of Bunker Hill. Washington brought",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383542",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nat the North Bridge, \"\"hors de combat\"\", struck down on the head by a Minuteman using a hatchet, the purported \"\"scalping\"\", was strongly suppressed. Depositions mentioning some of these activities were not published and were returned to the participants (this notably happened to Paul Revere). Paintings portrayed the Lexington fight as an unjustified slaughter. The issue of which side was to blame grew during the early nineteenth century. For example, older participants' testimony in later life about Lexington and Concord differed greatly from their depositions taken under oath in 1775. All now said the British fired first at Lexington, whereas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19496323",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Machias\"\n19, 1775 with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, after which the Continental Army under the command of George Washington besieged the British army in the Siege of Boston. The besieged British were led by General Thomas Gage and Admiral Samuel Graves, and both did business with the people of Machias. Gage required lumber to build barracks for the additional troops arriving in the besieged city, and Graves wanted to recover the guns from the shipwreck, which had been intentionally run aground in Machias Bay by a local pilot in February 1775. The ship's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15512506",
"chunk_text": "\"Concord, Massachusetts\"\nthe British crown intensified, 700 troops were sent to confiscate militia ordnance stored at Concord on April 19, 1775. The ensuing conflict, the Battle of Lexington and Concord, was the final inciting incident (the shot heard round the world) that triggered the American Revolutionary War. A rich literary community developed in Concord during the mid-nineteenth century, centered around Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson's circle included Nathaniel Hawthorne, Louisa May Alcott and Henry David Thoreau. Major works written in Concord during this period include Alcott's novel \"\"Little Women\"\", Emerson's essay \"\"Self-Reliance\"\", and Thoreau's \"\"Walden\"\" and \"\"Civil Disobedience\"\". In this era, the now-ubiquitous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1032832",
"chunk_text": "\"Massachusetts Line\"\ntext of the preliminary peace treaty on March 13, 1783, and proclaimed the cessation of hostilities on April 11, 1783. It ratified the preliminary peace treaty on April 15, 1783. In General Orders issued at Newburgh, New York, April 18, 1783, Washington announced that the armistice would go into effect at noon, April 19, 1783 - the eighth anniversary of the battles of Lexington and Concord. The 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Massachusetts Regiments were placed on furlough on June 12, 1783, and were never recalled to active duty. The final treaty of peace was signed in Paris on September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16180582",
"chunk_text": "\"Munroe Tavern (Lexington, Massachusetts)\"\nMunroe Tavern (Lexington, Massachusetts) Munroe Tavern, located at 1332 Massachusetts Avenue, Lexington, Massachusetts, is an American Revolutionary War site that played a prominent role in the Battle of Lexington and Concord. It is now preserved and operated as a museum by the Lexington Historical Society, with exhibits highlighting the role and perspective of the British soldiers during the outbreak of the war. The house is open for guided tours on weekends starting in April and daily from Memorial Day weekend until the end of October. The Munroe family line in America was begun by William Munroe (1625–1719), who was transported",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12434325",
"chunk_text": "\"Lexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar\"\nsmoke from Concord, the colonials believed the town was being burned, and attempted to cross the bridge to succor it. The British fired on them but the colonials returned fire and defeated them. The British, who had gotten reinforcements once they realized the countryside was roused against them, began their march to Boston harassed by at least 2,000 militiamen who inflicted a steady toll by gunfire until the British gained the protection of the cannon near Boston. The encounters at Lexington and Concord were the first battles of what became the Revolutionary War. Identical joint resolutions to establish a United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383544",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nthe beginning of the American Revolution, and that for much of the 19th century it was a means by which Americans learned about the Revolution, helping to forge the identity of the nation. After 1860, several generations of schoolchildren memorized Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem \"\"Paul Revere's Ride\"\". Historically it is inaccurate (for example, Paul Revere never made it to Concord), but it captures the idea that an individual can change the course of history. In the 20th century, popular and historical opinion varied about the events of the historic day, often reflecting the political mood of the time. Isolationist anti-war",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2900065",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Massachusetts\"\nAmerican Revolution. The Battles of Lexington and Concord initiated the American Revolutionary War and were fought in the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord. Future President George Washington took over what would become the Continental Army after the battle. His first victory was the Siege of Boston in the winter of 1775–76, after which the British were forced to evacuate the city. The event is still celebrated in Suffolk County as Evacuation Day. In 1777, George Washington and Henry Knox founded the Arsenal at Springfield, which catalyzed many innovations in Massachusetts' Connecticut River Valley. Boston was the center of revolutionary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5161371",
"chunk_text": "Massachusetts\nof Lexington and Concord initiated the American Revolutionary War and were fought in the eponymous Massachusetts towns. Future President George Washington took over what would become the Continental Army after the battle. His first victory was the Siege of Boston in the winter of 1775–76, after which the British were forced to evacuate the city. The event is still celebrated in Suffolk County as Evacuation Day. On the coast, Salem became a center for privateering. Although the documentation is incomplete, about 1,700 letters of marque, issued on a per-voyage basis, were granted during the American Revolution. Nearly 800 vessels were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383543",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nfifty or so years before, they weren't sure. All now said they fired back, but in 1775, they said few were able to. The \"\"Battle\"\" took on an almost mythical quality in the American consciousness. Legend became more important than truth. A complete shift occurred, and the Patriots were portrayed as actively fighting for their cause, rather than as suffering innocents. Paintings of the Lexington skirmish began to portray the militia standing and fighting back in defiance. Ralph Waldo Emerson immortalized the events at the North Bridge in his 1837 \"\"Concord Hymn\"\". The \"\"Concord Hymn\"\" became important because it commemorated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3425344",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\n1915, is in the park, along with French's \"\"Minute Man\"\" statue. The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have saved one acre of the battlefield at the site of Parker's Revenge. Four current units of the Massachusetts National Guard units (181st Infantry, 182nd Infantry, 101st Engineer Battalion, and 125th Quartermaster Company) are derived from American units that participated in the Battles of Lexington and Concord. There are only thirty current units of the U.S. Army with colonial roots. Several ships of the United States Navy, including two World War II aircraft carriers, were named in honor of the Battle of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18134517",
"chunk_text": "\"Lexington, Massachusetts\"\nLexington, Massachusetts Lexington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 31,394 at the 2010 census, in nearly 11,100 households. Settled in 1641, it is celebrated as the site of the first shots of the American Revolutionary War, in the Battle of Lexington on April 19, 1775. It is part of the Greater Boston Area and is the sixth wealthiest small city in the United States. Lexington was first settled circa 1642 as part of Cambridge, Massachusetts. What is now Lexington was then incorporated as a parish, called Cambridge Farms, in 1691. This allowed them to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13020806",
"chunk_text": "\"Munroe Tavern (Lexington, Massachusetts)\"\nadded to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The Lexington Historical Society now employs the Tavern for the Museum of the British Redcoats, providing a view of April 19, 1775 from the perspective of the King's troops. The building underwent renovation and restoration work in 2010–2011. Munroe Tavern (Lexington, Massachusetts) Munroe Tavern, located at 1332 Massachusetts Avenue, Lexington, Massachusetts, is an American Revolutionary War site that played a prominent role in the Battle of Lexington and Concord. It is now preserved and operated as a museum by the Lexington Historical Society, with exhibits highlighting the role and perspective",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12350178",
"chunk_text": "\"Israel Putnam\"\nhis previous exploits. On April 20, 1775, while plowing one of his fields with his son, he received news of the Battle of Lexington and Concord that started the war the day before. He literally \"\"came off the plow,\"\" leaving it in the field and riding in eight hours, reaching Cambridge the next day and offering his services to the patriot cause. Putnam was named major general, making him second in rank to General Artemas Ward in the Army of Observation, which preceded the founding of the Continental Army. He was one of the primary figures at the Battle of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11383452",
"chunk_text": "\"Battles of Lexington and Concord\"\nmorning of April 18, Gage ordered a mounted patrol of about 20 men under the command of Major Mitchell of the 5th Regiment of Foot into the surrounding country to intercept messengers who might be out on horseback. This patrol behaved differently from patrols sent out from Boston in the past, staying out after dark and asking travelers about the location of Samuel Adams and John Hancock. This had the unintended effect of alarming many residents and increasing their preparedness. The Lexington militia in particular began to muster early that evening, hours before receiving any word from Boston. A well-known",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1484796",
"chunk_text": "\"Lexington, Massachusetts\"\nBoston to suburban towns to receive better educational opportunities than those available to them in the Boston Public Schools. On April 19, 1775, what many regard as the first battle of the American Revolutionary War was a battle at Lexington. After the rout, the British march on toward Concord where the militia had been allowed time to organize at the Old North Bridge and turn back the British and prevent them from capturing and destroying the militia's arms stores. Lexington was the Cold War location of the USAF \"\"Experimental SAGE Subsector\"\" for testing a prototype IBM computer that arrived in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_416
|
who won the 1st battle of bull run?
|
n/a
|
[
"Confederate victory",
"Confederate forces",
"Confederate"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461503",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nFirst Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the First Battle of Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861 in Prince William County, Virginia, just north of the city of Manassas and about 25 miles west-southwest of Washington, D.C. It was the first major battle of the American Civil War. The Union's forces were slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops in their first battle. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461504",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nwas a Confederate victory, followed by a disorganized retreat of the Union forces. Just months after the start of the war at Fort Sumter, the Northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, which was expected to bring an early end to the rebellion. Yielding to political pressure, Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell led his unseasoned Union Army across Bull Run against the equally inexperienced Confederate Army of Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard camped near Manassas Junction. McDowell's ambitious plan for a surprise flank attack on the Confederate left was poorly executed by his officers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461560",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nNational Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the First Battle of Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861 in Prince William County, Virginia, just north of the city of Manassas and about 25 miles west-southwest of Washington, D.C. It was the first major battle of the American Civil War. The Union's forces were slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19657015",
"chunk_text": "\"Irvin McDowell\"\nIrvin McDowell Irvin McDowell (October 15, 1818 – May 4, 1885) was a career American army officer. He is best known for his defeat in the First Battle of Bull Run, the first large-scale battle of the American Civil War. In 1862, he was given command of the I Corps of the Army of the Potomac. He fought unsuccessfully against Stonewall Jackson's troops during the Valley Campaign of 1862, and was blamed for contributing to the defeat of United States troops at the Second Battle of Bull Run in August. McDowell was born in Columbus, Ohio, son of Abram Irvin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461538",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nCol. Philip St. George Cocke's brigade. To the west, Chinn Ridge had been occupied by Col. Oliver Otis Howard's brigade from Heintzelman's division. Also at 4 p.m., two Confederate brigades-Col. Jubal Early's, which had moved from the Confederate right, and Brig. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith's (commanded by Col. Arnold Elzey after Smith was wounded), which had just arrived from the Shenandoah Valley—crushed Howard's brigade. Beauregard ordered his entire line forward. At 5 p.m. everywhere McDowell's army was disintegrating. Thousands, in large and small groups or as individuals, began to leave the battlefield and head for Centreville. McDowell rode around the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461552",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nOnce the euphoria of victory had worn off, Jefferson Davis called for 400,000 additional volunteers. Beauregard was considered the Confederate hero of the battle and was promoted that day by C.S. President Davis to full general in the Confederate army. Stonewall Jackson, arguably the most important tactical contributor to the victory, received no special recognition, but would later achieve glory for his 1862 Valley Campaign. Privately, Davis credited Greenhow with ensuring Confederate victory. Jordan sent a telegram to Greenhow: \"\"Our President and our General direct me to thank you. We rely upon you for further information. The Confederacy owes you",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19657024",
"chunk_text": "\"Irvin McDowell\"\na park in the neglected reservation of the Presidio, laying out drives that commanded views of the Golden Gate. He is buried in San Francisco National Cemetery in the Presidio of San Francisco. Irvin McDowell Irvin McDowell (October 15, 1818 – May 4, 1885) was a career American army officer. He is best known for his defeat in the First Battle of Bull Run, the first large-scale battle of the American Civil War. In 1862, he was given command of the I Corps of the Army of the Potomac. He fought unsuccessfully against Stonewall Jackson's troops during the Valley Campaign",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461507",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nand the combined Confederate forces, with about 32,000 men, committed only 18,000. On April 15, 1861, the day after South Carolina military forces attacked and captured Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, President Abraham Lincoln issued a proclamation declaring an insurrection against the laws of the United States. Earlier, South Carolina and seven other Southern states had declared their secession from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. To suppress the rebellion and restore Federal law in the Southern states, Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers with ninety-day enlistments to augment the existing U.S. Army of about 15,000. He later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461545",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nof sufficient cars did not allow the transport of large numbers of troops at one time, almost all of his army arrived in time to participate in the battle. After reaching Manassas Junction, Johnston had relinquished command of the battlefield to Beauregard, but his forwarding of reinforcements to the scene of fighting was decisive. Jackson and Bee's brigades had done the largest share of fighting in the battle; Jackson's brigade had fought almost alone for four hours and sustained over 50% casualties. Bull Run was the largest and bloodiest battle in United States history up to that point. Union casualties",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461528",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nat an unguarded ford and struck the right flank of the Confederate defenders. This surprise attack, coupled with pressure from Burnside and Maj. George Sykes, collapsed the Confederate line shortly after 11:30 a.m., sending them in a disorderly retreat to Henry House Hill. As they retreated from their Matthews Hill position, the remainder of Evans's, Bee's, and Bartow's commands received some cover from Capt. John D. Imboden and his battery of four 6-pounder guns, who held off the Union advance while the Confederates attempted to regroup on Henry House Hill. They were met by generals Johnston and Beauregard, who had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461544",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\ndivision to lead the march on 21 July thus delaying the flanking divisions of Hunter and Heintzelman; and the 2 1/2-hour delay after the Union victory on Matthews' Hill, which allowed the Confederates to bring up reinforcements and establish a defensive position on Henry Hill. On Henry Hill Beauregard had also limited his control to the regimental level, generally allowing the battle to continue on its own and only reacting to Union moves. Johnston's decision to transport his infantry to the battlefield by rail played a major role in the Confederate victory. Although the trains were slow and a lack",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461549",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nbe longer and more brutal than they had imagined. On July 22 President Lincoln signed a bill that provided for the enlistment of another 500,000 men for up to three years of service. On July 25, eleven thousand Pennsylvanians who had earlier been rejected by the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, for federal service in either Patterson's or McDowell's command arrived in Washington, D.C., and were finally accepted. Three months after First Bull Run Union forces suffered another, smaller defeat at the Battle of Ball's Bluff, near Leesburg, Virginia. The perceived military incompetence at First Bull Run and Ball's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461536",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nblue uniforms, causing Griffin's commander, Maj. William F. Barry, to mistake them for Union troops and to order Griffin not to fire on them. Close range volleys from the 33rd Virginia and Stuart's cavalry attack against the flank of the 11th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Ellsworth's Fire Zouaves), which was supporting the battery, killed many of the gunners and scattered the infantry. Capitalizing on this success, Jackson ordered two regiments to charge Ricketts's guns and they were captured as well. As additional Federal infantry engaged, the guns changed hands several times. The capture of the Union guns turned the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461508",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\naccepted an additional 40,000 volunteers with three-year enlistments and increased the strength of the U.S. Army to almost 20,000. Lincoln's actions caused four more Southern states, including Virginia, to secede and join the Confederacy, and by 1 June the Confederate capital had been moved from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. In Washington, D.C., as thousands of volunteers rushed to defend the capital, General in Chief Lt. Gen. Winfield Scott laid out his strategy to subdue the rebellious states. He proposed that an army of 80,000 men be organized and sail down the Mississippi River and capture New Orleans. While the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461529",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\njust arrived from Johnston's headquarters at the M. Lewis Farm, \"\"Portici\"\". Fortunately for the Confederates, McDowell did not press his advantage and attempt to seize the strategic ground immediately, choosing to bombard the hill with the batteries of Capts. James B. Ricketts (Battery I, 1st U.S. Artillery) and Charles Griffin (Battery D, 5th U.S.) from Dogan's Ridge. Brig. Gen Thomas J. Jackson's Virginia Brigade came up in support of the disorganized Confederates around noon, accompanied by Col. Wade Hampton and his Hampton's Legion, and Col. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry. The Hampton Legion, some 600 men strong, managed to buy Jackson time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11585950",
"chunk_text": "\"War tourism\"\na good position to witness them. The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as First Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Expecting an easy Union victory, the wealthy elite of nearby Washington, including congressmen and their families, had come to picnic and watch the battle. When the Union army was driven back in a running disorder, the roads back to Washington were blocked by panicked civilians attempting to flee in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461542",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nother and when Bonham's men received some artillery fire from the Union rear guard, and found that Richardson's brigade blocked the road to Centreville, he called off the pursuit. In Washington President Lincoln and members of the cabinet waited for news of a Union victory. Instead, a telegram arrived stating \"\"General McDowell's army in full retreat through Centreville. The day is lost. Save Washington and the remnants of this army.\"\" The tidings were happier in the Confederate capital. From the battlefield President Davis telegraphed Richmond, \"\"We have won a glorious but dear-bought victory. Night closed on the enemy in full",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18833722",
"chunk_text": "\"Sally Louisa Tompkins\"\nthe nation realized that the war would be much longer than they imagined. The First Battle of Bull Run—also known as the First Battle of Manassas—on July 21, 1861, was a southern tactical victory which opened the Civil War in the first major hand-to-hand combat. Despite the word of victory, the Confederate capital city was ill-prepared for the hundreds of wounded soldiers who subsequently poured in, many arriving via the Virginia Central Railroad. The shock brought the reality of the horrors of warfare directly home, as officials and citizens scrambled to take care of the overflow of injured and sick",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364459",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\nSecond Battle of Bull Run The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862 in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (or \"\"First Manassas\"\") fought on July 21, 1861 on the same ground. Following a wide-ranging flanking march, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461514",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\narmy at Centreville by 17 July, but the troops, unaccustomed to marching, moved in starts and stops. Along the route soldiers often broke ranks to wander off to pick apples or blackberries or to get water, regardless of the orders of their officers to remain in ranks. The Confederate Army of the Potomac (21,883 effectives) under Beauregard was encamped near Manassas Junction, approximately 25 miles (40 km) from the United States capital. McDowell planned to attack this numerically inferior enemy army. Union Maj. Gen. Robert Patterson's 18,000 men engaged Johnston's force (the Army of the Shenandoah at 8,884 effectives, augmented",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461522",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nsmaller Union command was organized and stationed northwest of Washington, near Harper's Ferry. Commanded by Maj. Gen. Robert Patterson, 18,000 men of the Department of Pennsylvania protected against a Confederate incursion from the Shenandoah Valley. \"\"Abstract from the returns of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, commanded by Brigadier-General McDowell, U. S. A., for July 16 and 17, 1861.\"\" \"\"Abstract from return of the Department of Pennsylvania, commanded by Major-General Patterson, June 28, 1861.\"\" \"\"Abstract front field return, First Corps (Army of the Potomac), July 21, 1861.\"\" \"\"[Dated September 25, 1861.]\"\" \"\"Abstract from monthly report of Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461546",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nwere 460 killed, 1,124 wounded, and 1,312 missing or captured; Confederate casualties were 387 killed, 1,582 wounded, and 13 missing. Among the Union dead was Col. James Cameron, brother of President Lincoln's first Secretary of War, Simon Cameron. Among the Confederate casualties was Col. Francis S. Bartow, who was the first Confederate brigade commander to be killed in the Civil War. General Bee was mortally wounded and died the following day. Compared to later battles, casualties at First Bull Run had not been especially heavy. Both Union and Confederate killed, wounded, and missing were a little over one thousand seven",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461505",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nand men; nevertheless, the Confederates, who had been planning to attack the Union left flank, found themselves at an initial disadvantage. Confederate reinforcements under Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston arrived from the Shenandoah Valley by railroad, and the course of the battle quickly changed. A brigade of Virginians under the relatively unknown brigadier general from the Virginia Military Institute, Thomas J. Jackson, stood its ground, which resulted in Jackson receiving his famous nickname, \"\"Stonewall\"\". The Confederates launched a strong counterattack, and as the Union troops began withdrawing under fire, many panicked and the retreat turned into a rout. McDowell's men",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461509",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nArmy \"\"strangled\"\" the Confederacy in the west, the U.S. Navy would blockade Southern ports along the eastern and Gulf coasts. The press ridiculed what they dubbed as Scott's \"\"Anaconda Plan\"\". Instead, many believed the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond, only one hundred miles south of Washington, would quickly end the war. By July 1861 thousands of volunteers were camped in and around Washington. Since General Scott was seventy-five years old and physically unable to lead this force, the administration searched for a more suitable field commander. Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase championed fellow Ohioan, 42-year-old Maj.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461506",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nfrantically ran without order in the direction of Washington, D.C. Both armies were sobered by the fierce fighting and many casualties, and realized that the war was going to be much longer and bloodier than either had anticipated. The Battle of First Bull Run highlighted many of the problems and deficiencies that were typical of the first year of the war. Units were committed piecemeal, attacks were frontal, infantry failed to protect exposed artillery, tactical intelligence was nil, and neither commander was able to employ his whole force effectively. McDowell, with 35,000 men, was only able to commit about 18,000,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461553",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\na debt. (Signed) JORDAN, Adjutant-General.\"\" The battle also had long-term psychological consequences. The decisive victory led to a degree of over-confidence on the part of Confederate forces, while prompting a determined organizational effort on the part of the Union. In hindsight commentators on both sides agreed that the one-sided outcome \"\"proved the greatest misfortune that would have befallen the Confederacy\"\". Although modern historians generally agree with this interpretation, James M. McPherson has argued that the \"\"esprit de corps\"\" attained by Confederate troops on the heels of their victory, together with a new sense of insecurity felt by northern commanders, also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10063619",
"chunk_text": "\"Virginia in the American Civil War\"\nthe Union. The Confederates won the First Battle of Bull Run (known as \"\"First Battle of Manassas\"\" in southern naming convention) and the year went on without a major fight. Union general George B. McClellan was forced to retreat from Richmond by Robert E. Lee's army. Union general Pope was defeated at the Second Battle of Manassas. Following the one-sided Confederate victory Battle of Fredericksburg. When fighting resumed in the spring of 1863, Union general Hooker was defeated at Chancellorsville by Lee's army. Ulysses Grant's Overland Campaign was fought in Virginia. The campaign included battles of attrition at the Wilderness,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364548",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\nlike the First (July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale, despite proportional losses (16–17%). Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged; the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000. As the Union Army concentrated on Centreville, Lee planned his next move. He sent Jackson on another flanking march in an attempt to interpose his army between Pope and Washington. Pope countered the move and the two forces clashed a final time at the Battle of Chantilly (also known as Ox",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461527",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nprevious position. The Confederate delaying action on Matthews Hill included a spoiling attack launched by Major Roberdeau Wheat's 1st Louisiana Special Battalion, \"\"Wheat's Tigers\"\". After Wheat's command was thrown back, and Wheat seriously wounded, Evans received reinforcement from two other brigades under Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee and Col. Francis S. Bartow, bringing the force on the flank to 2,800 men. They successfully slowed Hunter's lead brigade (Brig. Gen. Ambrose Burnside) in its attempts to ford Bull Run and advance across Young's Branch, at the northern end of Henry House Hill. One of Tyler's brigade commanders, Col. William Tecumseh Sherman, crossed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461551",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nhe was relieved of army command and replaced by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, who would soon be named general-in-chief of all the Union armies. McDowell was also present to bear significant blame for the defeat of Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia by Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia thirteen months later, at the Second Battle of Bull Run. The reaction in the Confederacy was more muted. There was little public celebration as the Southerners realized that despite their victory, the greater battles that would inevitably come would mean greater losses for their side as well.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364546",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\nturnpike to Centreville. Unlike the calamitous retreat at the First Battle of Bull Run, the Union movement was quiet and orderly. The Confederates, weary from battle and low on ammunition, did not pursue in the darkness. Although Lee had won a great victory, he had not achieved his objective of destroying Pope's army. The final significant action of the battle occurred around 7:00 PM as Lee directed J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry to go around the Union flank and cut off their retreat. Brig. Gen Beverly Robertson's cavalry brigade, accompanied by Col. Thomas Rosser's 5th Virginia Cavalry headed for Lewis Ford, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461519",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nfrom thwarting the main attack. Patterson would tie down Johnston in the Shenandoah Valley so that reinforcements could not reach the area. Although McDowell had arrived at a theoretically sound plan, it had a number of flaws: it was one that required synchronized execution of troop movements and attacks, skills that had not been developed in the nascent army; it relied on actions by Patterson that he had already failed to take; finally, McDowell had delayed long enough that Johnston's Valley force was able to board trains at Piedmont Station and rush to Manassas Junction to reinforce Beauregard's men. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461543",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nflight and closely pursued.\"\" First Bull Run was a clash between relatively large, ill-trained bodies of recruits, led by inexperienced officers. Neither army commander was able to deploy his forces effectively; although nearly 60,000 men were present at the battle, only 18,000 had actually been engaged. Although McDowell had been active on the battlefield, he had expended most of his energy maneuvering nearby regiments and brigades, instead of controlling and coordinating the movements of his army as a whole. Other factors contributed to McDowell's defeat: Patterson's failure to hold Johnston in the valley; McDowell's two-day delay at Centreville; allowing Tyler's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461516",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nright (southeast) flank. Tyler was drawn into a skirmish at Blackburn's Ford over Bull Run and made no headway. Also on the morning of 18 July Johnston had received a telegram suggesting he go to Beauregard's assistance if possible. Johnston marched out of Winchester about noon, while Stuart's cavalry screened the movement from Patterson. Patterson was completely deceived. One hour after Johnston's departure Patterson telegraphed Washington, \"\"I have succeeded, in accordance with the wishes of the General-in-Chief, in keeping General Johnston's force at Winchester.\"\" For the maneuver to be successful McDowell felt he needed to act quickly. He had already",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461541",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nWhen the Union army was driven back in a running disorder, the roads back to Washington were blocked by panicked civilians attempting to flee in their carriages. Since their combined army had been left highly disorganized as well, Beauregard and Johnston did not fully press their advantage, despite urging from Confederate President Jefferson Davis, who had arrived on the battlefield to see the Union soldiers retreating. An attempt by Johnston to intercept the Union troops from his right flank, using the brigades of Brig. Gens. Milledge L. Bonham and James Longstreet, was a failure. The two commanders squabbled with each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461537",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\ntide of battle. Although McDowell had brought 15 regiments into the fight on the hill, outnumbering the Confederates two to one, no more than two were ever engaged simultaneously. Jackson continued to press his attacks, telling soldiers of the 4th Virginia Infantry, \"\"Reserve your fire until they come within 50 yards! Then fire and give them the bayonet! And when you charge, yell like furies!\"\" For the first time, Union troops heard the disturbing sound of the Rebel yell. At about 4 p.m., the last Union troops were pushed off Henry House Hill by a charge of two regiments from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364543",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\naction, along with Wlodzimierz Krzyzanowski's brigade, which had been heavily engaged and was tired. Koltes however was quickly struck by an artillery shell and killed. Overall command devolved onto Col. Richard Coulter of the 11th Pennsylvania, the highest-ranking officer remaining on the field, and a Mexican War veteran. Although Koltes and Krzyzanowski's six regiments held their ground for a little while, they were quickly overwhelmed by yet more fresh Confederates in the brigades of Lewis Armistead, Montgomery Corse, and Eppa Hunton and started to fall back in disorder. During the first two hours of the Confederate assault, McDowell had constructed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364553",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\npartners have acquired and preserved of the Second Battle of Bull Run battlefield in more than 10 transactions since 2000. Second Battle of Bull Run The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862 in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (or \"\"First",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18613316",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert Patterson\"\nbuilding dedicated in 1910. Robert Patterson Robert Patterson (January 12, 1792 – August 7, 1881) was an Irish-born United States major general during the American Civil War, chiefly remembered for inflicting an early defeat on Stonewall Jackson, but crucially failing to stop Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston from joining forces with P. G. T. Beauregard at the First Battle of Bull Run. He is still blamed for this historic Union defeat. Patterson was born in Cappagh, County Tyrone, Ireland. His family was banished from Ireland due to his father's involvement as an insurrectionist. In 1799 he emigrated to the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461513",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nNorth American continent, about 35,000 men (28,452 effectives). McDowell's plan was to move westward in three columns and make a diversionary attack on the Confederate line at Bull Run with two columns, while the third column moved around the Confederates' right flank to the south, cutting the railroad to Richmond and threatening the rear of the Confederate army. He assumed that the Confederates would be forced to abandon Manassas Junction and fall back to the Rappahannock River, the next defensible line in Virginia, which would relieve some of the pressure on the U.S. capital. McDowell had hoped to have his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461515",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nby Maj. Gen. Theophilus H. Holmes's brigade of 1,465) in the Shenandoah Valley, preventing them from reinforcing Beauregard. After two days of marching slowly in the sweltering heat, the Union army was allowed to rest in Centreville. McDowell reduced the size of his army to approximately 31,000 by dispatching Brig. Gen. Theodore Runyon with 5,000 troops to protect the army's rear. In the meantime, McDowell searched for a way to outflank Beauregard, who had drawn up his lines along Bull Run. On July 18, the Union commander sent a division under Brig. Gen. Daniel Tyler to pass on the Confederate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4477288",
"chunk_text": "\"Union Army of the Shenandoah\"\nDepartment of Pennsylvania operated as the lone element of Union Army in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. After achieving a tactical victory at the Battle of Hoke's Run on July 2 and contributing indirectly to the Union disaster at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, its unexpired regiments and commanders were absorbed into a new \"\"Department of the Shenandoah\"\" under the command of Major General Nathaniel P. Banks on July 25, 1861. Neither Patterson nor Banks referred to his commands as the \"\"Army of the Shenandoah\"\" in official correspondence, and when the Army of the Potomac adopted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16364547",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of Bull Run\"\ncrossing in Bull Run Creek that would enable them to get in the rear of the Union army. However, Robertson and Rosser found the crossing blocked by John Buford's cavalry and after a short, but fierce engagement, Buford's superior numbers won out and the Confederate horsemen pulled back. The cavalry clash lasted only about ten minutes, but resulted in Col. Thomas Munford of the 2nd Virginia Cavalry being wounded. Col. Thornton Brodhead of the 1st Michigan Cavalry was shot dead, and John Buford was also wounded. The Union army's retreat however had been safeguarded. The Second Battle of Bull Run,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461530",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nto construct a defensive line on Henry House Hill by firing repeated volleys at Sherman's advancing brigade. Hampton had purchased about 400 British Enfield rifles to equip the men with, however it is not clear if his troops had them at Bull Run or if the weapons arrived after the battle. If so, they would have been the only foreign-made weapons on the field. The 79th New York was thoroughly decimated by Hampton's musket fire and began to disintegrate. Wade Hampton gestured towards their colonel, James Cameron, and remarked \"\"Look at that brave officer trying to lead his men and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461559",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nbattle on July 23–24, 2011. Throughout the year, there were tours of the Manassas battlefield and other battlefields in the county and a number of related events and activities. The City of Manassas commemorated the 150th anniversary of the battle July 21–24, 2011. Part of the site of the battle is now Manassas National Battlefield Park, which is designated as a National Battlefield Park. More than 900,000 people visit the battlefield each year (in comparison, 22 million people visited nearby Washington, D.C. in 2016). As a historic area under the National Park Service, the park was administratively listed on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461547",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nhundred each. Two Confederate brigade commanders, Jackson and Edmund Kirby-Smith, were wounded in the battle. Jackson was shot in the hand, so he remained on the battlefield. No Union officers above the regimental level were killed; two division commanders (Samuel Heintzelman and David Hunter), and one brigade commander (Orlando Willcox) were wounded. \"\"Union casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.\"\" \"\"Union artillery lost in the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.\"\" \"\"Confederate casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.\"\" Union forces and civilians alike feared that Confederate forces would advance on Washington, D.C.,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461555",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\nto the adoption of the Confederate Battle Flag, which eventually became the most popular symbol of the Confederacy and the South in general. First Bull Run demonstrated that the war would not be won by one grand battle, and both sides began preparing for a long and bloody conflict. The battle also showed the need for adequately trained and experienced officers and men. One year later many of the same soldiers who had fought at First Bull Run, now combat veterans, would have an opportunity to test their skills on the same battlefield at the Second Battle of Bull Run/Manassas.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14113064",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilmer McLean\"\nWilmer McLean Wilmer McLean (May 3, 1814 – June 5, 1882) was an American wholesale grocer from Virginia. His house near Manassas, Virginia, was involved in the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861. After the battle he moved to Appomattox, Virginia, to escape the war thinking that it would be safe. Instead, in 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in McLean's house in Appomattox. His houses were, therefore, involved in one of the first and one of the last encounters of the American Civil War. He lived in his house with his wife, Virginia. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3479802",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilmer McLean\"\nThey later moved to Alexandria, Virginia. He worked for the Internal Revenue Service from 1873 to 1876. Wilmer McLean died in Alexandria and is buried there at St. Paul's Episcopal Cemetery. Wilmer McLean Wilmer McLean (May 3, 1814 – June 5, 1882) was an American wholesale grocer from Virginia. His house near Manassas, Virginia, was involved in the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861. After the battle he moved to Appomattox, Virginia, to escape the war thinking that it would be safe. Instead, in 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in McLean's house in Appomattox.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16461554",
"chunk_text": "\"First Battle of Bull Run\"\ngave the Confederacy a military edge in the following months. The name of the battle has caused controversy since 1861. The Union Army frequently named battles after significant rivers and creeks that played a role in the fighting; the Confederates generally used the names of nearby towns or farms. The U.S. National Park Service uses the Confederate name for its national battlefield park, but the Union name (Bull Run) also has widespread currency in popular literature. Battlefield confusion between the battle flags, especially the similarity of the Confederacy's \"\"Stars and Bars\"\" and the Union's \"\"Stars and Stripes\"\" when fluttering, led",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_417
|
what is the name of the under butler in downton abbey?
|
n/a
|
[
"Charles Carson",
"Mr Carson"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161362",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nMatthew Goode as Henry Talbot. Downton Abbey's senior staff are portrayed by Jim Carter as Mr Carson, the butler, and Phyllis Logan as Mrs Hughes, the housekeeper. Tensions rise when Rob James-Collier, portraying Mr Barrow, a valet and footman, along with Siobhan Finneran as Miss O'Brien, the personal maid to the Countess of Grantham (up to series three), plot against Brendan Coyle as Mr Bates, the valet to the Earl of Grantham, and his love interest and eventual wife, Anna (Joanne Froggatt), the personal maid to Lady Mary. Kevin Doyle plays the unlucky Mr Molesley, valet to Matthew Crawley; he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944972",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nbutler was in charge of the dining room, the wine cellar, pantry, and sometimes the entire main floor. Directly under the butler was the \"\"first footman\"\" (or \"\"head footman\"\"), although there could also be a \"\"deputy butler\"\" or \"\"under-butler\"\" who would fill in as butler during the butler's illness or absence. The \"\"footman\"\"—there were frequently numerous young men in the role within a household—performed a range of duties including serving meals, attending doors, carrying or moving heavy items, and they often doubled as \"\"valets\"\". Valets themselves performed a variety of personal duties for their employer. Butlers engaged and directed all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304444",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nand Thomas Howes, as William Mason the second footman, round off the main, original downstairs staff. Matt Milne joins the cast as O'Brien's nephew Alfred Nugent, the awkward new footman for series three and four, and Raquel Cassidy plays Baxter, Cora's personal maid, who was hired to replace O'Brien. The lower staff includes Lesley Nicol as Mrs Patmore the cook, Sophie McShera as Daisy, the scullery maid who works her way up to assistant cook and marries William Mason, and Rose Leslie as Gwen Dawson, a housemaid studying to be a secretary in series one. Amy Nuttall plays Ethel Parks,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10344624",
"chunk_text": "\"The Understudy (Upstairs, Downstairs)\"\nOn the evening of the dinner, Hudson collapses and Dr. Foley is sent for instantly. Dr. Foley confirms that Hudson had a mild heart attack. A debate then starts downstairs as to who will take Hudson's place that evening as butler, with Daisy heavily pushing for her husband Edward, but Frederick believing it should be himself. Upstairs, although James favours Frederick, Georgina and Richard go for Edward, who performs his duties as butler very well. However, he nearly makes one error when he forgets to decant the claret, but Frederick reminds him to do so. Dr. Foley says that Hudson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944981",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nworn a special uniform that separated them from junior servants, and although this is still often the case, butlers today may wear more casual clothing geared for climate, while exchanging it for formal business attire only upon special service occasions. There are cultural distinctions, as well. In the United States, butlers may frequently don a polo shirt and slacks, while in Bali they typically wear sarongs. In 2007, the number of butlers in Britain had risen to an estimated 5,000. The period drama, Downton Abbey, has been credited as the reason for a sudden upsurge in the demand for \"\"properly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944994",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nwas also acted with remarkable realism. A female butler, Sarah Stevens, is the principal character in Linda Howard's 2002 \"\"Dying to Please\"\", a murder/romance novel. Howard gives detailed and generally accurate descriptions of butlering in the work. Butler A butler is a domestic worker in a large household. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantry. Some also have charge of the entire parlour floor, and housekeepers caring for the entire house and its appearance. A butler is usually male, and in charge of male",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161364",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\na maid, beginning in series two and three. In series three and four, Shirley MacLaine portrays the mother of Cora Crawley, Martha Levinson. Cara Theobold portrays Ivy Stuart, a kitchen maid, joining the cast for series three and four. Ed Speleers plays the dashing James Kent, the second footman, from series three through five. In series five and six Michael C. Fox plays Andy Parker, a replacement footman for James. In series four, five, and six Andrew Scarborough plays Tim Drewe, a farmer of the estate, who helps Lady Edith conceal a big secret. Gareth Neame of Carnival Films conceived",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944970",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nowner of the ducal mansion, with a retinue of attendants, at the head of which is the chamberlain and house-steward, to the occupier of the humbler house, where a single footman, or even the odd man-of-all-work, is the only male retainer. The majority of gentlemen's establishments probably comprise a servant out of livery, or butler, a footman, and coachman, or coachman and groom, where the horses exceed two or three. Butlers were head of a strict service hierarchy and therein held a position of power and respect. They were more managerial than \"\"hands on\"\"—more so than serving, they officiated in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304424",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nof Dowager Countess Violet. Barrow and Miss O'Brien have a falling out, after which O'Brien leads Barrow to believe that Jimmy, the new footman, is sexually attracted to him. Barrow enters Jimmy's room and kisses him while he is sleeping, which wakes him up shocked and confused. In the end, Lord Grantham defuses the situation. The family visits Lady Violet's niece Susan and her husband \"\"Shrimpie\"\", the Marquess of Flintshire, in Scotland, while awaiting the birth of Matthew and Lady Mary's baby. The Marquess confides to Robert that the estate is bankrupt and will be sold, making Robert recognise that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944973",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nthese junior staff and each reported directly to him. The \"\"housekeeper\"\" was in charge of the house as a whole and its appearance. In a household without an official head housekeeper, female servants and kitchen staff were also directly under the butler's management, while in smaller households, the butler usually doubled as valet. Employers and their children and guests addressed the butler (and under-butler, if there was one) by last name alone; fellow servants, retainers, and tradespersons as \"\"Mr. [Surname]\"\". Butlers were typically hired by the master of the house but usually reported to its lady. Beeton in her manual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304430",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nbetween them. Mrs Patmore's decision to invest her inheritance in real estate inspires Mr Carson, Downton's butler, to do likewise. He suggests that head housekeeper Mrs Hughes invest with him; she confesses she has no money due to supporting a mentally incapacitated sister. The Crawleys' cousin, Lady Rose, daughter of Lord and Lady Flintshire, becomes engaged to Atticus Aldridge, son of Lord and Lady Sinderby. Lord Sinderby strongly objects to Atticus's marrying outside the Jewish faith. Lord Merton proposes to Isobel Crawley (Matthew's mother). She accepts, but later ends the engagement due to Lord Merton's sons' disparaging comments over her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6848405",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nhigher rank than the butler. The butler can also be served by a head footman or footboy called the under-butler. The word \"\"butler\"\" comes from Anglo-Norman \"\"buteler\"\", variant form of Old Norman \"\"*butelier\"\", corresponding to Old French \"\"botellier\"\" \"\"officer in charge of the king's wine bottles\"\", derived of \"\"boteille\"\" \"\"bottle\"\", Modern French \"\"bouteille\"\", itself from Gallo-Romance \"\"bottle\"\". The role of the butler, for centuries, has been that of the chief steward of a household, the attendant entrusted with the care and serving of wine and other bottled beverages which in ancient times might have represented a considerable portion of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1051036",
"chunk_text": "\"A Countess Below Stairs\"\na secret. Muriel is very interested in eugenics and represents this perfectly with her perfectly formed body and skills, which she is quite proud of. She is very afraid of marrying into a family with history of strange deviations or biological defects. This is why she runs away from Rupert in the end—his first cousins are paid to act like insane and malformed creatures, and she refuses to marry into a 'tainted' family. She is very proud and expects nothing but the best for herself, at any cost. Mr. Proom is the devoted butler at Mersham. He treats every situation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944992",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nis \"\"The butler did it!\"\" The best-known fictional manservant, and the archetype of the quintessential British butler, is himself not a butler at all. Reginald Jeeves, the iconic creation of author P. G. Wodehouse is a \"\"gentleman's gentleman\"\" and general factotum. Probably the best-known fictional butlers are Alfred from the \"\"Batman\"\" comic and films; Hudson of Upstairs, Downstairs television fame; Mr Carson from the Downton Abbey television series; and Crichton from J. M. Barrie's \"\"The Admirable Crichton\"\". Lesser-knowns include Mr. Belvedere from the novel \"\"Belvedere\"\", which was adapted into a feature film with sequels and later a television series; Lurch,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304479",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nsurety in the way they deliver a performance.\"\" Actor Jim Carter, who plays butler Carson, describes Bruce as the series \"\"etiquette watchdog\"\", and the UK's \"\"Daily Telegraph\"\" finished its 2011 profile of Bruce's role stating \"\"Downton's authenticity, it seems, is in safe hands.\"\" However, historian Simon Schama criticised the show for historical inaccuracies and \"\"pandering to clichés\"\". Producer Gareth Neame defended the show, saying, \"\"Downton is a fictional drama. It is not a history programme, but a drama of social satire about a time when relationships, behaviour and hierarchy were very different from those we enjoy today.\"\" A \"\"tremendous amount",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19997659",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nthe series as Tom Branson the chauffeur but falls in love with Lady Sybil, marries her and becomes the agent for the estate. Joining the cast in series three is Lily James as the Lady Rose MacClare (Aldridge), a second cousin through Violet's family, who is sent to live with the Crawleys because her parents are serving the empire in India and, later, remains there because of family problems. David Robb portrays Dr. Richard Clarkson, the local town doctor. Other suitors for Lady Mary's affections during the series include Tom Cullen as Lord Gillingham, Julian Ovenden as Charles Blake, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6848403",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nButler A butler is a domestic worker in a large household. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantry. Some also have charge of the entire parlour floor, and housekeepers caring for the entire house and its appearance. A butler is usually male, and in charge of male servants, while a housekeeper is usually a woman, and in charge of female servants. Traditionally, male servants (such as footmen) were better paid and of higher status than female servants. The butler, as the senior male servant,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19997628",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\ncentres on the fee tail or \"\"entail\"\" governing the titled elite, which endows title and estate exclusively to male heirs. As part of the backstory, the main character, Robert Crawley, Earl of Grantham, had resolved his father's past financial difficulties by marrying Cora Levinson, an American heiress. Her considerable dowry is contractually incorporated into the comital entail in perpetuity however, Robert and Cora have three daughters and no son. As the eldest daughter, Lady Mary Crawley had agreed to marry her second cousin Patrick, the son of the then-heir presumptive James Crawley. The series begins the day after the sinking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161333",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nan ambitious young footman, who resents Bates for taking over the position he had desired. Bates and Thomas remain at odds as Barrow works to sabotage Bates' every move. After learning Bates had recently been released from prison, Thomas and Miss O'Brien (Lady Grantham's Lady's maid) begin a relentless pursuit that nearly ruins the Crawley family in scandal. Barrow, a homosexual man in late Edwardian England and O'Brien, create havoc for most of the staff and family. When Barrow is caught stealing, he hands in his notice to join the Royal Army Medical Corps. Matthew eventually does propose to lady",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1051042",
"chunk_text": "\"A Countess Below Stairs\"\nfriend of his. Viscount Byrne is reserved and enjoys hunting or camping, has little interest and running the household, and married Minna out of need for a lady to keep house—within a year of his wife's death. His sons instinctively dislike her and he does not love her at first, though unexpectedly all four grow completely devoted to her as she modestly runs the house, seeing its needs and disreputing wicked stepmothers from the beginning of time. Louise is the head housemaid. Described as young, frizzy haired and short-tempered, she speaks bluntly but does her work well. Two under-housemaids are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19997632",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nan officers' convalescent hospital. Matthew, having left Downton, becomes engaged to Lavinia Swire, the daughter of a Liberal minister, and joins the British Army as an officer. William Mason, the 2nd footman, is finally recruited into the Army and taken under Matthew's protection as his personal orderly. Both are injured in a bomb blast. William dies from his wounds but only after a deathbed marriage to Daisy, the kitchen maid. While Daisy does not believe she loves William, she marries him in last days as his dying wish. It isn't until a brief encounter with the dowager countess that she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304418",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nstill in love but Matthew remains staunchly committed to Lavinia in order to keep his word and promise to her regardless of his own spinal injury from the blast. Unknown to them both, Lavinia, ill with Spanish Flu, sees and overhears Matthew and Mary admit their love for one another while dancing to a phonograph gifted as a wedding present to Matthew and Lavinia. The Spanish influenza epidemic hits Downton Abbey further with Cora, taken seriously ill, as well as Carson, the butler. During the outbreak, Thomas attempts to make up for his inability to find other employment after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16967735",
"chunk_text": "\"Butler family (Artemis Fowl)\"\nButler family (Artemis Fowl) The Butler family is a family of martial arts masters in the fictional series \"\"Artemis Fowl\"\" by Eoin Colfer. There are only four characters who are mentioned: Domovoi Butler (\"\"Butler\"\") and his younger sister Juliet, who are major characters, and Butler's uncle, known only as \"\"the Major\"\", and Virgil Butler. It is revealed in the first book that the Butler family has been serving the Fowl family as bodyguards for centuries. The first ever pairing was of Virgil Butler as a servant, bodyguard, and cook to Lord Hugo de Fóle for one of the first Norman",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20501400",
"chunk_text": "\"Edward Barnes (Upstairs, Downstairs)\"\nunder butler to the Bellamys, and in 1930 becomes butler to Lord and Lady Stockbridge. Edward Barnes (Upstairs, Downstairs) Edward Barnes (born 24 January 1889), is a fictional character in the British television series, \"\"Upstairs, Downstairs\"\". He was portrayed by Christopher Beeny. He replaced Alfred as footman in 1906, but Alfred Harris in \"\"Rose's Pigeon\"\" returns to the house Eaton Place . Alfred is on the run from the police having murdered his previous employer, with holding Edward hostage at knifepoint and taking Edward hostage in the coal cellar. In \"\"The Bolter\"\" Edward goes as James Bellamy's footman for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16925528",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey (series 2)\"\nand narrated by Hugh Bonneville. 4.5 million people watched the show. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Filming began in March 2011. The scripts were written by series creator Julian Fellowes. Episodes were directed by Ashley Pearce, Andy Goddard, Brian Kelly, and James Strong. Cal Macaninch, Iain Glen, Amy Nuttall, Zoe Boyle, and Maria Doyle Kennedy joined the cast as the new valet Lang, Sir Richard Carlisle, the new housemaid Ethel, Lavinia Swire, and John Bates' wife Vera, respectively. Nigel Havers and Sharon Small appeared in the Christmas Special as Lord Hepworth and Marigold Shore, Rosamund Painswick's maid, respectively. Series two was highly acclaimed. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10987990",
"chunk_text": "\"The Edwardian Country House\"\nwhere they live for three months in the Edwardian style. Mr. and Dr Olliff-Cooper become Sir John Olliff-Cooper and Lady Olliff-Cooper. Interest and conflict is provided by the 15 servants, portrayed by individuals from several paths of life. Chief among these was Hugh Edgar, an architect from Surrey, who was cast in the role of the butler. Participants received instruction and a set of rules by which they were expected to abide for the duration of the experiment. Most of the \"\"upstairs\"\" participants enjoy their time in the house, which is meant to represent the years 1905–1914. Those \"\"below stairs\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9944964",
"chunk_text": "Butler\nhousehold's assets. In Britain, the butler was originally a middle-ranking member of the staff of a grand household. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the butler gradually became the senior, usually male, member of a household's staff in the very grandest households. However, there was sometimes a steward who ran the outside estate and financial affairs, rather than just the household, and who was senior to the butler in social status into the 19th century. Butlers used always to be attired in a special uniform, distinct from the livery of junior servants, but today a butler is more likely to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304428",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nand Tom begin a friendship, though Robert (Lord Grantham) despises her due to her openly vocal anti-aristocracy views. In the final Christmas special, Sampson, a card sharp, steals a letter from the Prince of Wales to his mistress, Rose's friend Freda Ward, which, if made public, would create a scandal; the entire Crawley family connives to retrieve it, though it is Bates who extracts the letter from Sampson's overcoat, and it is returned to Mrs Ward. In series five, covering the year 1924, a Russian exile, Prince Kuragin, wishes to renew his past affections for the Dowager Countess. Violet instead",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7570634",
"chunk_text": "\"Angus Hudson\"\nYear Award in 1974 and an Emmy Award for Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in 1975 for the episode \"\"The Beastly Hun\"\". Angus Hudson Angus Hudson is a fictional character from the ITV drama \"\"Upstairs, Downstairs\"\", portrayed by actor Gordon Jackson from 1971 until 1975. Hudson was the authoritarian Scottish butler of the Bellamy household at 165 Eaton Place, Belgravia, London. Hudson was a featured character in sixty episodes from 1971 until 1975 (1903—1930 in the series' timeline; although it was later established that both Hudson and Mrs. Kate Bridges the cook had served the Bellamys since the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161332",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nof the RMS \"\"Titanic\"\" on 14/15 April 1912. The first episode begins as news reaches Downton Abbey that both James and Patrick had perished in the sinking of the ocean liner. Soon it is discovered that a more distant male cousin, solicitor Matthew Crawley, the son of an upper-middle-class doctor – has become the next heir. The story initially centres on the relationship between Lady Mary and Matthew, who resists embracing an aristocratic lifestyle, while Lady Mary resists her own attraction to the handsome new heir. Of several subplots, one involves John Bates, Lord Grantham's new valet, and Thomas Barrow,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304432",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nat Downton; Marigold is presented as Edith's ward, but Robert and Tom eventually discern the truth: only Mary is unaware. When a war memorial is unveiled in the town, Robert arranges for a separate plaque to honour Mrs Patmore's late nephew, who was shot for cowardice and excluded from his own village's memorial. The Crawleys are invited to Brancaster Castle, which Lord and Lady Sinderby have rented for a shooting party. While there, Lady Rose, with help from the Crawleys, defuses a near–personal disaster for Lord Sinderby, earning his gratitude and securing his approval of Rose. A second footman, Andy,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14917103",
"chunk_text": "\"Married Love\"\nbecause Edna owns a copy of \"\"Married Love\"\", suggesting that she understands methods of birth control, and therefore could not be pregnant by Tom Branson (Allen Leech). 2. \"\"Downton Abbey\"\" (Season 5, Episodes 2, 3, and 6): In Episode 2 of the fifth series, Lady Mary (Michelle Dockery) has a copy of the book, which she uses to ensure her week-long dalliance with Lord Gillingham (Tom Cullen) has no \"\"unwanted epilogue\"\". In Episode 3 she asks for her lady's maid Anna Bates (Joanne Froggatt) to hide the book and the contraceptive device (most likely a cervical cap, which she'd had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304423",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nhouse. After Matthew's reluctance to accept an inheritance from Lavinia's recently deceased father and then Robert's reluctance in turn to accept that inheritance as a gift, Matthew and Robert reach a compromise in which Matthew accepts and uses the inheritance to invest in Downton, giving him an equal say in how the estate is run. Tragedy strikes when Sybil dies from eclampsia shortly after giving birth. Tom, devastated, names his daughter Sybil after his late wife. Bates is released from prison after Anna uncovers evidence clearing him of his wife's murder. Tom becomes the new estate agent at the suggestion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5138655",
"chunk_text": "\"The Hand of Ethelberta\"\ndeaths of both her husband and father-in-law, Ethelberta has been treated to foreign travel and further privilege by her benefactress, but restricted from seeing her poor family. The events of the story concern Ethelberta's career as a famous poet and storyteller as she struggles to support her family and conceal her secret—that her father is a butler. Beautiful, clever, and rational, she easily attracts four very persistent suitors (Mr. Julian, Mr. Neigh, Mr. Ladywell, and Lord Mountclere), but is reluctant to give her much-coveted hand. The Hand of Ethelberta The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters is a novel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7570633",
"chunk_text": "\"Angus Hudson\"\nearly twentieth century standards) secrets. As butler he was head of the Servant Staff, which was initially Mrs. Bridges (whom he ultimately married in the final episode of the series), Irish kitchen maid Emily, eccentric footman Alfred Harris, pragmatic head house parlour-maid (and later lady's maid) Rose Buck, mischievous under house parlour-maid Sarah Moffat, coachman Pearce and Lady Marjorie's lady's maid Maude Roberts. Later servants to come under his authority (and his stern affection) include replacement footman Edward Barnes, replacement parlour-maid Daisy Peel/Barnes and replacement kitchen maid Ruby Finch. Gordon Jackson, who portrayed Hudson, won the British Actor of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9949378",
"chunk_text": "\"Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)\"\n1912, James' ill-fated wife Hazel becomes the new mistress of the house, and the following year, Richard's ward, Georgina, comes to live at 165 Eaton Place. The original servant staff comprises the authoritarian butler Mr. Angus Hudson, cook Mrs. Kate Bridges, pragmatic head house parlourmaid Rose Buck, sweet Irish kitchen maid Emily, eccentric footman Alfred, mischievous under-house parlourmaid Sarah, who dreams of a dramatic life beyond servantdom, coachman Pearce, and Lady Marjorie's lady's maid Maude Roberts. Over the years they are joined by Edward, a cheeky footman who later becomes a chauffeur; Daisy, the parlourmaid who eventually marries Edward; Thomas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19288799",
"chunk_text": "\"Butler family (Artemis Fowl)\"\nbe paired with a Fowl. Butler family (Artemis Fowl) The Butler family is a family of martial arts masters in the fictional series \"\"Artemis Fowl\"\" by Eoin Colfer. There are only four characters who are mentioned: Domovoi Butler (\"\"Butler\"\") and his younger sister Juliet, who are major characters, and Butler's uncle, known only as \"\"the Major\"\", and Virgil Butler. It is revealed in the first book that the Butler family has been serving the Fowl family as bodyguards for centuries. The first ever pairing was of Virgil Butler as a servant, bodyguard, and cook to Lord Hugo de Fóle for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19997669",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nis used for exterior shots of Isobel Crawley's house, with interior scenes filmed at Hall Barn, Hall Place near Beaconsfield in Buckinghamshire, featured as Loxley House, the home of Sir Anthony Strallan. Parts of series 4 were filmed at The Historic Dockyard Chatham, Kent – The Tarred Yarn Store was used in episode one as a workhouse where Mrs Hughes (Phyllis Logan) visits Mr Grigg (Nicky Henson) and in episode two, streets at The Historic Dockyard Chatham were used for the scenes where Lady Rose MacClare (Lily James) is at the market with James Kent (Ed Speleers) watching her. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19288798",
"chunk_text": "\"Butler family (Artemis Fowl)\"\n\"\"mesmerized\"\" the fans at a wrestling show where Juliet was performing into attempting to kill them. The \"\"mesmer\"\" triggered total recall of all the events involving fairies up to The Eternity Code. 'Butler's uncle, simply known as \"\"the Major\"\", was bodyguard to Artemis Fowl I. He also attended and graduated from Madame Ko's Bodyguard Academy. It is revealed in the first book and in more detail in \"\"\"\" that he died in the explosion of the \"\"Fowl Star\"\". He wound up in the Tchersky morgue. Virgil Butler was the manservant of Lord Hugo de Folé. The first Butler ever to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161359",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nan oversight role. Edith and Bertie are married on New Year's Eve. Lady Rose and Atticus return for the wedding. Anna goes into labour during the reception, and she and Bates become parents to a healthy son. The series is set in fictional Downton Abbey, a Yorkshire country house, which is the home and seat of the Earl and Countess of Grantham, along with their children and distant family members. Each series follows the lives of the aristocratic Crawley family, their friends, and their servants during the reign of King George V. The main cast of the Crawley family is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10344625",
"chunk_text": "\"The Understudy (Upstairs, Downstairs)\"\nneeds a couple of months to recoperate, and it is arranged for him to go and stay with Mr and Mrs. Tranter, a couple who live down on the Southwold estate. Once again, they argue upstairs as to who should act as butler while Hudson is away. James favours Frederick, but Richard, Georgina and Virginia (via the telephone) all favour Edward, and he is chosen. Before he goes, Hudson tells Mrs. Bridges that he has left everything he has to her should he die, and Mrs. Bridges says she has done the same for him. As he leaves, Mrs Bridges",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12638135",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Butler (film)\"\naround. The chief thug questions one young woman for carrying photos of desiccated bodies. A young man in a formal black butler's uniform suddenly appears in the warehouse, identifying himself as a servant of the Genpou family. The thugs attack. Most are disabled or killed quickly. Only the chief thug remains conscious for questioning. The next day, the young woman earlier questioned in the warehouse appears dressed as a young gentleman, in the role of Earl Kiyohara Genpou, the only son and heir of the Funtom Toy Company fortune. The earl's servants are present, including Sebastian Michaelis (the Black Butler",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18137810",
"chunk_text": "\"Chief Butler of England\"\nChief Butler of England The Chief Butler of England is an office of Grand Sergeanty associated with the feudal Manor of Kenninghall in Norfolk. The office requires service to be provided to the Monarch at the Coronation, in this case the service of \"\"Pincera Regis\"\", or Chief Butler at the Coronation banquet. The manor of Kenninghall was given by Henry I to William de Albini, and was later inherited by the Dukes of Norfolk. It was sold in 1872 to John Oddin Taylor of Norwich. The last occasion on which a coronation banquet was considered was in 1902 for Edward",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7570629",
"chunk_text": "\"Angus Hudson\"\nAngus Hudson Angus Hudson is a fictional character from the ITV drama \"\"Upstairs, Downstairs\"\", portrayed by actor Gordon Jackson from 1971 until 1975. Hudson was the authoritarian Scottish butler of the Bellamy household at 165 Eaton Place, Belgravia, London. Hudson was a featured character in sixty episodes from 1971 until 1975 (1903—1930 in the series' timeline; although it was later established that both Hudson and Mrs. Kate Bridges the cook had served the Bellamys since the late 1870s or early 1880s, being there before the subsequent births of both James Bellamy and Elizabeth Bellamy). This would make sense as Lady",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20304484",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nSix on DVD in the US, including the final 2015 Christmas Special. A soundtrack, featuring music from the series and also new songs, was released by Decca in September 2011. Music by John Lunn and Don Black features, with vocals from Mary-Jess Leaverland and Alfie Boe. \"\"Downton Abbey\"\" has been credited with spawning a massive worldwide increase in demand for professionally trained butlers, especially British butlers, notably in China, Russia, and parts of the Middle East. Between 2010 and 2012, demand was thought to have doubled, leading to some butlers fetching salaries as high as £150,000. In 2014, China's first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161354",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nand other witnesses are persuaded to testify. After Mrs Drewe kidnaps Marigold when Edith is not looking, the Drewes vacate Yew Tree Farm; Daisy convinces Tom Branson to ask Lord Grantham to give her father-in-law, Mr Mason, the tenancy. Andy, a footman, offers to help Mr Mason so he can learn about farming, but is held back by his illiteracy; Mr Barrow offers to teach Andy to read. Robert suffers a near-fatal health crisis. Previous episodes alluded to health problems for Robert; his ulcer bursts and he is rushed to the hospital for emergency surgery. The operation is successful, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16967736",
"chunk_text": "\"Butler family (Artemis Fowl)\"\nCrusades. It may actually be the origin of the term butler. It is mentioned that a pairing of a Butler and a Fowl lasted for life. It is not known what happens if the Butler dies in the middle of his service, except that his/her family receives a \"\"six-figure settlement plus a monthly pension\"\". The job is described as demanding and lonely, but with high rewards. A Butler never reveals his or her first name to their employer in order to avoid personal attachment; this is demonstrated in Book 3, when the only time (Domovoi) Butler reveals his first name",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17908145",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey (series 2)\"\nthe biggest development, Downton Abbey becomes a convalescent home for wounded officers. Upstairs Downstairs A 46-minute documentary compiled in anticipation of the Christmas 2011 two-hour special broadcast, \"\"Behind the Drama\"\" features behind-the-scenes footage from the filming of the series and short interviews with Julian Fellowes, the writer, actors (Elizabeth McGovern, Joanne Froggatt, Brendan Coyle, Dan Stevens, Michelle Dockery, Jessica Brown Findlay, Laura Carmichael, Penelope Wilton, Phyllis Logan, Thomas Howes, Lesley Nicol, Sophie McShera, Allen Leech), and other members of the team that produces \"\"Downton Abbey\"\". It was shown in the United Kingdom at 7:30 pm on Wednesday 21 December 2011",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15629566",
"chunk_text": "\"Black lounge suit\"\nto work every day at the bank. In the long-running BBC sitcom \"\"Are You Being Served?\"\" (1972-1985), the character Captain Peacock always wore a stroller as the store's floorwalker. Gentlemen's valets of the early 20th century are often depicted in television and film wearing strollers as their standard apparel. The character of John Bates of Masterpiece's \"\"Downton Abbey\"\" typically appears in a stroller while serving as his lord's valet. Black lounge suit The black lounge suit (U.K.), stroller (U.S.), or Stresemann (Continental Europe), is a men's day attire semi-formal intermediate of a formal morning dress and an informal lounge suit;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19161358",
"chunk_text": "\"Downton Abbey\"\nLord Merton away and marry him – to his delight. Lord Merton is later correctly diagnosed with non-fatal anemia. Robert resents Cora's frequent absences as the hospital president, but eventually comes to admire her ability. Henry and Tom go into business together selling cars, while Mary announces her pregnancy. Molesley accepts a permanent teaching position and he and Miss Baxter promise to continue seeing each other. Daisy and Andy finally acknowledge their feelings; Daisy decides to move to the farm with her father-in-law. Carson develops palsy and must retire. Lord Grantham suggests Barrow return as butler, with Mr Carson in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_418
|
in the early 1800s california society was dominated by which group?
|
n/a
|
[
"Spanish"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188464",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nin command, but Frémont went north to Oregon instead. An unstable political situation in Mexico strained relations among the Californios, and it seemed that civil war would break out between north and south. By 1846, Alta California had a Spanish-speaking population of under 10,000, tiny even compared to the sparse population of states in the rest of northern Mexico. The Californios consisted of about 800 families, mostly concentrated on large ranchos. About 1,300 American citizens and a very mixed group of about 500 Europeans, scattered mostly from Monterey to Sacramento, dominated trading as the Californios dominated ranching. In terms of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16965692",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nA form of fire-stick farming was used to clear areas of old growth to encourage new in a repeated cycle; a primitive permaculture. The relative strength of the tribes was dynamic, as the more successful expanded their territories and less successful tribes contracted. Slave-trading and war among tribes alternated with periods of relative peace. The total population of Native California is estimated, by the time of extensive European contact in the 18th century, to have been perhaps 300,000. Before Europeans landed in North America, about one-third of all natives in what is now the United States were living in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4212171",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nHistory of California The history of California can be divided into: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1848; and United States statehood, from September 9, 1850 (in Compromise of 1850) which continues to this present day. California was settled from the North by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years. It was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. After contact with , most of the Native Americans died out from European diseases. After the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6413209",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nopportunities in California, especially in agriculture, and brought their families to join them. California became the 31st US state in 1850 and played a small role in the American Civil War. Chinese immigrants increasingly came under attack from nativists; they were forced out of industry and agriculture and into Chinatowns in the larger cities. As gold petered out, California increasingly became a highly productive agricultural society. The coming of the railroads in 1869 linked its rich economy with the rest of the nation, and attracted a steady stream of migrants. In the late 19th century, Southern California, especially Los Angeles,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13369087",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California 1900–present\"\nand pollution, and public health. California women were leaders in the temperance movement, moral reform, conservation, public schools, recreation, and other issues. They helped pass the 18th amendment, which established Prohibition in 1920. Initially, women did not often run for public office. California played a major role in the Progressive Movement. It was the only state where the Progressives took control of the Republican Party. California was a leader in the Progressive Movement from the 1890s into the 1920s. A coalition of reform-minded Republicans, especially in southern California, coalesced around Thomas Bard (1841–1915). Bard's election in 1899 as United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6149956",
"chunk_text": "\"Population of Native California\"\nthe U.S. took control of California, and in the latter half of the 19th century both State and Federal authorities, incited aided and financed miners, settlers, ranchers and people's militias to enslave, kidnap, murder and exterminate a major proportion of displaced Native American Indians, sometimes contemptuously referred to as \"\"Diggers\"\", using many of the same policies of violence against the indigenous population that it did throughout its territory. Simultaneous to the ongoing extermination, reports of its effects were being made known to the outside world. A notable early eyewitness testimony and account: \"\"The Indians of California\"\" 1864, is from John",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14672816",
"chunk_text": "California\nand miners arrived by the thousands. The population burgeoned with United States citizens, Europeans, Chinese and other immigrants during the great California Gold Rush. By the time of California's application to the US Congress for statehood in 1850, the settler population of California had multiplied to 100,000. By 1854, over 300,000 settlers had come. Between 1847 and 1870, the population of San Francisco increased from 500 to 150,000. California was suddenly no longer a sparsely populated backwater, but seemingly overnight it had grown into a major US population center. The seat of government for California under Spanish and later Mexican",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15659291",
"chunk_text": "\"California Genocide\"\nUS sovereignty, after 1848, the Indigenous population plunged from perhaps 150,000 to 30,000 in 1870; it reached its nadir of 16,000 in 1900. Between 1846 and 1873, European Americans are estimated to have killed outright some 4,500 to 16,000 California Native Americans, particularly during the Gold Rush. Others died as a result of infectious diseases and the social disruption of their societies. The state of California used its institutions to favor settlers' rights over indigenous rights and was responsible for dispossession of the natives. Since the late 20th century, numerous American scholars and activist organizations, both Native American and European",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12498861",
"chunk_text": "Californio\n1683 and 1848. The first Californios were the children of the early Spanish military expeditions into northern reaches of the Californias which established the and subsequently allowed for the foundation of the California mission system. Later, the primary cultural focus of the Californio population became the \"\"Vaquero\"\" tradition practiced by the landed gentry which received land grants creating the Rancho system. In the 1820s-40s, American and European settlers increasingly came to Mexican California, married Californio women, and became Mexican citizens, learning Spanish and often converting to Catholicism, and are often also considered Californios, for their adherence to Californio language and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188468",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nthe early 1830s, the first organized overland party of American immigrants was the Bartleson–Bidwell Party of 1841. With mules and on foot, this pioneering group groped its way across the continent using the still untested California Trail. Also in 1841, an overland exploratory party of the United States Exploring Expedition came down the Siskiyou Trail from the Pacific Northwest. In 1844, Caleb Greenwood guided the first settlers to take wagons over the Sierra Nevada. In 1846, the misfortunes of the Donner Party earned notoriety as they struggled to enter California. The non-Indian population of California in 1840 was about 8,000,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188481",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nto California. By 1855, some 300,000 \"\"Forty-Niners\"\" had arrived from every continent; many soon left, of course—some rich, most not very rich. A precipitous drop in the Native American population occurred in the decade after the discovery of gold. From mid-1846 to December, 1849, California was run by the U.S. military; local government continued to be run by \"\"alcaldes\"\" (mayors) in most places, but now some were Americans. Bennett C. Riley, the last military governor, called a constitutional convention to meet in Monterey in September 1849. Its 48 delegates were mostly pre-1846 American settlers; eight were Californians. They unanimously outlawed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188497",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nsaw the founding of the League of California Cities, an association intended to fight city government corruption, coordinate strategies for cities facing issues such as electrification, and to lobby the state government on behalf of cities. History of California before 1900 Human history in California began when indigenous Americans first arrived some 13,000–15,000 years ago. Coastal exploration by Europeans began in the 16th century, and settlement by Europeans along the coast and in the inland valleys began in the 18th century. California was ceded to the United States under the terms of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo following the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188496",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\ntranscontinental railroad in the United States. They were Leland Stanford, (1824–1893), Collis Potter Huntington (1821–1900), Mark Hopkins (1813–1878), and Charles Crocker (1822–1888). The establishment of America's transcontinental rail lines permanently linked California to the rest of the country, and the far-reaching transportation systems that grew out of them during the century that followed contributed immeasurably to the state's unrivaled social, political, and economic development. The Big Four dominated California's economy and politics in the 1880s and 1890s, and Collis P. Huntington became one of the most hated man in California. One typical California textbook argues: Huntington, however, defended himself: 1898",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6413362",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nbecame an American cultural phenomenon; the idea of the \"\"California Dream\"\" as a portion of the larger American Dream of finding a better life drew 35 million new residents from the start to the end of the 20th century (1900–2010). Silicon Valley became the world's center for computer innovation. History of California The history of California can be divided into: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1848; and United States statehood, from September 9, 1850 (in Compromise of 1850) which continues to this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11045764",
"chunk_text": "\"California Genocide\"\nCalifornia Genocide The California Genocide refers to actions in the mid to late 19th century by the United States federal, state, and local governments that resulted in the decimation of the indigenous population of California following the U.S. occupation of California in 1848. Actions included encouragement of volunteers and militias to kill unarmed men, women and children. Under Spanish rule their population was estimated to have dropped from 300,000 prior to 1769, to 250,000 in 1834. After Mexico gained independence from Spain and secularized the coastal missions in 1834, the indigenous population suffered a more drastic decrease to 150,000. Under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12266447",
"chunk_text": "\"Society of California Pioneers\"\nSociety of California Pioneers Established in 1850, the Society of California Pioneers is dedicated to the study and enjoyment of California art, history, and culture. Founded by individuals arriving in California before 1850 and thriving under the leadership of several generations of their direct descendants, The Society has continuously served its members, the academic community, and the public. As the oldest organization West of The Mississippi, The Society opened the first library in California, as well as a grand hall for meetings, lectures, and social events. Today The Society operates a public museum and a research library, both housed in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20575654",
"chunk_text": "\"Traditional narratives (Native California)\"\nTraditional narratives (Native California) The traditional narratives of Native California are the folklore and mythology of the native people of California. For many historic nations of California, there is only a fragmentary record of their traditions. Spanish missions in California from the 18th century Christianized many of these traditions, and the remaining groups were mostly assimilated to US culture by the early 20th century. While there are sparse records from the 18th century, most material was collected during the 19th and the early 20th centuries. Ethnolinguistically, most of the native peoples of California can be categorized into three large groups,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15437673",
"chunk_text": "California\nminers, ranchers, and farmers. Although California had entered the American union as a free state, the \"\"loitering or orphaned Indians\"\" were de facto enslaved by their new Anglo-American masters under the 1853 \"\"Act for the Government and Protection of Indians\"\". There were also massacres in which hundreds of indigenous people were killed. Between 1850 and 1860, the California state government paid around 1.5 million dollars (some 250,000 of which was reimbursed by the federal government) to hire militias whose purpose was to protect settlers from the indigenous populations. In later decades, the native population was placed in reservations and rancherias,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20615793",
"chunk_text": "\"Mariposa War\"\nNative American territory. This added diversity, with the land now containing many different immigrants from Mexico, South America, Europe, Australia, and China. This international mix swelled California's non-Native American population from some 14,000 in 1848 to 200,000 in 1852. The gold rush increased pressure on the Native Americans of California, because miners forced Native Americans off their gold-rich lands. Many were pressed into service in the mines; others had their villages raided by the army and volunteer militia. Some Native American tribes fought back, beginning with the Ahwahneechees and the Chowchilla in the Sierra Nevada and San Joaquin Valley leading",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16342360",
"chunk_text": "\"San Jose, California\"\nAlcalde of San Jose (granted Rancho Los Coches), and José María Alviso, Alcalde of San Jose (granted Rancho Milpitas). In 1835, San Jose's population of approximately 700 people included 40 foreigners, primarily Americans and Englishmen. By 1845, the population of the pueblo had increased to 900, primarily due to American immigration. Foreign settlement in San Jose and California was rapidly changing Californian society, bringing expanding economic opportunities and foreign culture. By 1846, native Californios had long expressed their concern for the overrunning of California society by its growing and wealthy Anglo-American community. On July 11, 1846, with the onset of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12498962",
"chunk_text": "Californio\nseen as the foreigners. Once the Gold Rush had truly started in 1849, the campsites were segregated by nationality, further establishing the fact that \"\"Americans\"\" had taken the title as the majority ethnicity in Northern California. Because the Californio \"\"foreigners\"\" so quickly became a minority, their claims to land protected under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo when miners overran their land and squatted. Any protests by Californios were quickly put down by hastily formed Euro-American militias, so any legal protection provided by the new California legislature was ineffective when the threat of violence and lynchings loomed. Even if Californios were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18525101",
"chunk_text": "\"Maritime history of California\"\nby 1850 was declared the main Port of entry in California for all imported goods. The federal government's got 91% of its income in 1850 from tariffs or custom duties of about 23% on foreign imports. By 1850 San Francisco had a population of about 20,000 (the largest city in California then) that had swelled to over 36,000 by the 1852 California Census. The population of California grew from 8,000 in 1846 to about 120,000 in 1850. The vast majority of the California \"\"Argonauts\"\" (as they were frequently called) were young Anglo men from the United States. Those on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11045774",
"chunk_text": "\"California Genocide\"\nplace in their individual states. Lindsay Glauner has also argued for such tribunals. California Genocide The California Genocide refers to actions in the mid to late 19th century by the United States federal, state, and local governments that resulted in the decimation of the indigenous population of California following the U.S. occupation of California in 1848. Actions included encouragement of volunteers and militias to kill unarmed men, women and children. Under Spanish rule their population was estimated to have dropped from 300,000 prior to 1769, to 250,000 in 1834. After Mexico gained independence from Spain and secularized the coastal missions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20518683",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish Americans\"\nborn. This group is distinct from indigenous peoples of California. Descendants of Californios, especially those who married other Californios. The military, religious and civil components of pre-1848 Californio society were embodied in the thinly-populated presidios, missions, pueblos and ranchos. Until they were secularized in the 1830s, the twenty-one Spanish missions of California, with their thousands of more-or-less captive native converts, controlled the most (about per mission) and best land, had large numbers of workers, grew the most crops and had the most sheep, cattle and horses. After secularization, the Mexican authorities divided most of the mission lands into new ranchos",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188454",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nnew country of Mexico. Many of the missionary clergy were Spanish and aging, and gave in to the pressure to leave. In 1831 a small group made up of the more wealthy citizens of Alta California got together and petitioned Governor Manuel Victoria asking for democratic reforms. The previous governor, José María de Echeandía, was more popular, so the leading wealthy citizens suggested to Echeandía that Victoria's stay as governor would be coming to an abrupt end soon. They built up a small army, marched into Los Angeles, and \"\"captured\"\" the town. Victoria gathered a small army and went to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4212286",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\na west coast navy base at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. The greatly increased population, along with the new wealth of gold, caused: roads, bridges, farms, mines, steamship lines, businesses, saloons, gambling houses, boarding houses, churches, schools, towns, mercury mines, and other components of a rich modern (1850) U.S. culture to be built. The sudden growth in population caused many more towns to be built throughout Northern, and later Southern, California and the few existing towns to be greatly expanded. The first cities started showing up as San Francisco and Sacramento exploded in population. Most California Indians are thought to have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13811403",
"chunk_text": "\"History of enslavement of indigenous peoples in California\"\nthe missions to work on large land estates of wealthy Mexicans. Anglo-American settlers had begun flooding California from the 1820s and, following a brief period of independence, California was officially acquired by the United States in 1848, bringing in more Anglo immigrants due to the gold rush. Although the indigenous population of California under Spanish rule dropped from 300,000 prior to 1769, to 250,000 in 1834, this was primarily due to contact with Old World diseases and assimilation. After gaining independence from Spain in 1821 and the secularization of the coastal missions by the Mexican government in 1834, the indigenous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13627515",
"chunk_text": "\"Politics of California before 1900\"\nFrom the post-Civil War period up to 1899, perhaps the predominant tension in California politics was the struggle between a controlling group of railroad companies and large businesses, on the one hand, and small farmers and businesses on the other. In an era when politics and politicians were routinely viewed as corrupt, the railroads, banks, and wealthy land-owners were seen to be able simply to purchase legislators and legislation to their liking. While the excesses of this era led to the populist reforms of the early 20th century, the ability of this powerful group of interests to control California politics",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20277188",
"chunk_text": "\"Indigenous peoples of California\"\ntime period, Russian exploration of California and contacts with local population were usually associated with the activity of the Russian-American Company. A Russian explorer, Baron Ferdinand von Wrangell, visited California in 1818, 1833, and 1835. Looking for a potential site for a new outpost of the company in California in place of Fort Ross, Wrangell’s expedition encountered the Indians north of San Francisco Bay and visited their village. In his notes Wrangell remarked that local women, used to physical labor, seemed to be of stronger constitution than men, whose main activity was hunting. Local provision consisted primarily of fish and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15437654",
"chunk_text": "California\n(including California) independence from Spain. For the next 25 years, Alta California remained as a remote, sparsely populated, northwestern administrative district of the newly independent country of Mexico. Cattle ranches, or \"\"ranchos\"\", emerged as the dominant institutions of Mexican California. Soon after Mexican independence from Spain, the chain of missions became the property of the Mexican government and was secularized by 1834. The ranchos developed under ownership by Californios (Spanish-speaking Californians) who had received land grants, and traded cowhides and tallow with Boston merchants. From the 1820s, trappers and settlers from the United States and the future Canada arrived in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "171058",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographic history of the United States\"\nliving in California. However, much like Texas, the Mexican government had encouraged immigration and settlement of these regions from groups in the United States and Europe. Approximately half of this population is estimated to have been of American origin. In 1849, the California Gold Rush spurred significant immigration from Mexico, South America, China, Australia, Europe and caused a mass migration within the US, resulting in California gaining statehood in 1850, with a population of about 90,000. \"\"Rural flight\"\" is the departure of excess populations (usually young men and women) from farm areas. In some cases whole families left, as in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188469",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nas confirmed by the California 1850 U.S. Census, which asked everyone their place of birth. The Indian population is unknown but has been variously estimated at about 30,000 to 150,000 in 1840. The population in 1850, the first U.S. census, does not count the Indian population and omits San Francisco, the largest city, as well as the counties of Santa Clara and Contra Costa, all of whose tabulations were lost before they could be included in the totals. Some estimates can be obtained from the \"\"Alta Californian\"\" newspapers published in San Francisco in 1850. A corrected California 1850 Census would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11758168",
"chunk_text": "\"Population of Native California\"\nPopulation of Native California The Population of Native Californian refers to the population of Indigenous peoples of California. Estimates prior to and after European contact have varied substantially. Pre-contact estimates range from 133,000 to 705,000 with some recent scholars concluding that these estimates are low. Following the arrival of Europeans in California, disease and violence reduced the population to as low as 25,000. During and after the California Gold Rush, it is estimated that miners and others killed about 4,500 Indigenous people of California between 1849 and 1870. As of 2005, California is the state with the largest self-identified Native",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14405028",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nof whom became famous. Following the split in the Democratic Party in 1860, Republican supporters of Lincoln took control of the state in 1861, minimizing the influence of the large southern population. Their great success was in obtaining a Pacific railroad land grant and authorization to build the Central Pacific as the western half of the transcontinental railroad. California was settled primarily by Midwestern and Southern farmers, miners, and businessmen. Though the southerners and some Californios tended to favor the Confederacy, the state did not have slavery, and they were generally powerless during the war itself. They were prevented from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13805819",
"chunk_text": "\"Economy of California\"\nof gold miners. Los Angeles initially remained a sleepy backwater of less than 5,000 residents. Before 1850 government was judged inadequate and poorly run and statehood status was sought to start trying to remedy this problem. Due to the California Gold Rush, by 1850 California had grown to have a non-Indian and non-Californio population (about 7,000 Californios were residing in California in 1850) of over 110,000. Despite a major conflict in the U.S. Congress on the number of slave versus non-slave states, the large, rapid and continuing California population gains and the large amount of gold being exported east gave",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6413292",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nfires. Adding the approximate 200 Hispanics in San Francisco (1846 directory) and an unknown (but small as shown in 1852 CA Census recount) number of Hispanics in Contra Costa and Santa Clara county in 1846 gives less than 8,000 Hispanics statewide in 1846 before hostilities commenced. The number of California Indians is unknown since they were not included in the 1850 census but has been roughly estimated to be between 50,000 and 150,000. After 1847, California was controlled (with much difficulty due to desertions) by a U.S. Army-appointed military governor and an inadequate force of a little over 600 troops.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15659292",
"chunk_text": "\"California Genocide\"\nAmerican, have characterized the period immediately following the U.S. Conquest of California as one in which the state and federal governments waged genocide against the Native Americans in the territory. In the early 21st century, some scholars argue for the government to authorize tribunals so that a full accounting of responsibility for this genocide in western states can be conducted. Prior to Spanish arrival, California was home to an indigenous population estimated at 300,000. The largest group were the Chumash people, with a population around 20,000 . The region was highly diverse, with numerous distinct languages spoken. While there was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8068292",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\nHistory of California before 1900 Human history in California began when indigenous Americans first arrived some 13,000–15,000 years ago. Coastal exploration by Europeans began in the 16th century, and settlement by Europeans along the coast and in the inland valleys began in the 18th century. California was ceded to the United States under the terms of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo following the defeat of Mexico in the Mexican–American War. American westward expansion intensified with the California Gold Rush, beginning in 1848. California joined the Union as a free state in 1850, due to the Compromise of 1850. By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "864064",
"chunk_text": "Californio\nagainst Latinos, including Californios, and the Chinese, but not any other foreign, but white Europeans, showing systematic racism on the part of the newly formed California Legislature. The Californio population was 10,000 in 1845, estimated. A portrayal of Californio culture is depicted in the novel \"\"Ramona\"\" (1884), written by Helen Hunt Jackson. The fictional character of Zorro has become the most identifiable Californio due to novels, short stories, motion pictures and the 1950s television series. The historical facts of the era are sometimes lost in the story-telling. Californio Californio (historical, regional Spanish for \"\"Californian\"\"; plural: Californios) is a term for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12724441",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California 1900–present\"\nthan 10,000 females in a total California population (not including Native Americans who were not counted) of about 120,000 residents in 1850. About 3.0% of the gold rush Argonauts before 1850 were female or about 3,500 female Gold Rushers, compared to about 115,000 male California Gold Rushers. Massive immigration from mostly other states continued throughout the nineteenth century. California did not reach a \"\"normal\"\" male to female ratio of about one to one until the 1950 census. California for over a century was short on females. The 1900 census showed emigrations down to \"\"only\"\" a 20% growth rate. The early",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10113556",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nlaborers and vaqueros (cowboys) of the about 500 large Californio owned ranchos. Before Alta California became a part of the Mexican state, about 30 Spanish land grants had already been deeded in all of Alta California to a few friends and family of the Alta California Governors. The 1824 Mexican Colony Law established rules for petitioning for land grants in California; and by 1828, the rules for establishing land grants were codified in the Mexican Reglamento (Regulation). The Acts sought to break the monopoly of the Franciscan missions, while paving the way for additional settlers to California by making land",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5188470",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California before 1900\"\ngo from 92,597 (the uncorrected \"\"official number\"\") to over 120,000. The 1850 U.S. Census, the first census that included the names and sex of everyone in a family, showed only 7,019 females, with 4,165 non-Indian females older than 15 in the state. To this should be added about 1,300 women older than 15 from San Francisco, Santa Clara, and Contra Costa counties whose censuses were lost and not included in the totals. There were less than 10,000 females in a total California population (not including Indians who were not counted) of about 120,000 residents in 1850. About 3.0% of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14405026",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nof San Francisco. Also included are sections on California naval installations, California shipbuilding, California shipwrecks, and California lighthouses. Tribes in northwest California practiced slavery long before the arrival of Europeans. There were never black slaves owned by Europeans, and many free men of African ancestry joined the California Gold Rush (1848–1855). Some returned east with enough gold to purchase their relatives. The California Constitution of 1849 outlawed any form of slavery in the state, and later the Compromise of 1850 allowed California to be admitted into the Union, undivided, as a free state. Nevertheless, as per the 1853 \"\"Act for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "55962",
"chunk_text": "Californio\nrule and quickly became even more common after the American annexation and Gold Rush in California. These intermarriages worked to combine the cultures of American settlers and merchants with that of the declining Californio society. These marriages though were not enough to prevent the descent into irrelevance of Californio power in California or the racism and attacks on the people of Mexican heritage later. The Spanish colonial government, and later, Mexican officials encouraged through recruitment civilians from the northern and western provinces of Mexico such as Sonora. This was not well received by Californios, and was one of the factors",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18016285",
"chunk_text": "\"Conquest of California\"\nFrémont's exploration force, which was joined by about 150 Bear Flaggers. The American marines, sailors, and militia easily took over the cities and ports of northern California; within days they controlled Monterey, San Francisco, Sonoma, Sutter's Fort, New Helvetia, and other small pueblos in northern Alta California. Nearly all were occupied without a shot being fired. Some of the southern pueblos and ports were also rapidly occupied, with almost no bloodshed. Prior to the U.S. occupation, the population of Spanish and Mexican people in Alta California was approximately 1500 men and 6500 women and children, who were known as \"\"Californios\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14405024",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California\"\nto be waged between the two races until the Indian race becomes extinct, must be expected. While we cannot anticipate the result with but painful regret, the inevitable destiny of the race is beyond the power and wisdom of man to avert.\"\" As a result, the rise of modern California equalled great tragedy and hardship for the native inhabitants. Several scholars, including Benjamin Madley and Ed Castillo, have described the actions of the California government as a genocide. In subsequent decades after 1850, the native population of more than 100 tribes were gradually placed in a series of reservations and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "519044",
"chunk_text": "\"History of slavery in California\"\nHistory of slavery in California Slavery in colonial California began with the systematic enslavement of indigenous Californians. The arrival of the Spanish colonists introduced chattel slavery and involuntary servitude to the area. White settlers from the Southern and Eastern United States brought their systems of organized slavery to California. Many free and enslaved people of African ancestry were part of the California Gold Rush (1848–55), and many were able to buy their freedom and freedom for their families, primarily in the South, with the gold they found. There were a number of Gold Rushers of African ancestry, probably fewer than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8514582",
"chunk_text": "\"Culture of California\"\nCulture of California The culture of California is tied to the culture of the United States as a whole. However, there are features that are unique to California. With roots in the cultures of Spain, Asia, Mexico, and the eastern United States, California integrates foods, languages and traditions from all over the world. Spain had explored the present state of California since the 16th century, although it did not colonize it and exert its cultural influence in earnest until the 18th century. By the 19th century, Spain had built missions throughout all the state and Californios owned huge land extensions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "200181",
"chunk_text": "\"History of California 1900–present\"\nportion of the larger American Dream of finding a better life drew 35 million new residents from the start to the end of the 20th century (1900–2010). Silicon Valley became the world's center for computer innovation. California is now the most populous state in the United States. If it were an independent country, California would rank 34th in population in the world. California has had waves of immigration and emigration over the years. The first big wave was the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 of miners, businessmen, farmers, loggers, etc. as well as their many supporters. There were fewer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17647199",
"chunk_text": "\"Women in the California Gold Rush\"\nbe sold into slavery, along with their children. In one incident, an aged chief surrounded himself with women as he was under attack by white men, telling the women they were safe because he didn't believe the whites would kill women. The chief and the women all lost their lives. The newcomers also brought disease and starvation as environmental resources were depleted. In 1850, California passed a law that allowed whites to enslave Natives who were found orphaned or 'loitering'. Enslavement of Native people had already been established by the Spaniards and Californios who preceded the Gold Rush. After the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_419
|
who was appointed to manage the national recovery administration?
|
n/a
|
[
"Hugh S. Johnson"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154982",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nfarmers, business and labor. The NIRA, which created the NRA, declared that codes of fair competition should be developed through public hearings, and gave the Administration the power to develop voluntary agreements with industries regarding work hours, pay rates, and price fixing. The NRA was put into operation by an executive order, signed the same day as the passage of the NIRA. New Dealers who were part of the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt saw the close analogy with the earlier crisis handling the economics of World War I. They brought ideas and experience from the government controls and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154979",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nNational Recovery Administration The National Recovery Administration was a prime New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate \"\"cut-throat competition\"\" by bringing industry, labor, and government together to create codes of \"\"fair practices\"\" and set prices. The NRA was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and allowed industries to get together and write \"\"codes of fair competition.\"\" The codes were intended to reduce \"\"destructive competition\"\" and to help workers by setting minimum wages and maximum weekly hours, as well as minimum prices at which products could be sold.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11009753",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nfor a limited period should be permitted to assume jurisdiction of them.\"\" British journalist Alistair Cooke described Franklin Delano Roosevelt's presidency of the United States of America in the two years from his inauguration to the Supreme Court's declaration that the National Recovery Administration was unconstitutional, as a benevolent dictatorship. The NRA negotiated specific sets of codes with leaders of the nation's major industries; the most important provisions were anti-deflationary floors below which no company would lower prices or wages, and agreements on maintaining employment and production. In a remarkably short time, the NRA won agreements from almost every major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11009767",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nsame to contain any fraudulent or fictitious statement or entry, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States or of any corporation in which the United States of America is a stockholder … This form of the statute, in slightly modified form, still exists today at . National Recovery Administration The National Recovery Administration was a prime New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate \"\"cut-throat competition\"\" by bringing industry, labor, and government together to create codes of \"\"fair practices\"\" and set prices.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154986",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nas can now be told, they believed that a bright new day was dawning, that national planning would result in an organically integrated economy in which everyone would joyfully work for the common good, and that American society would be freed at last from those antagonisms arising, as General Hugh Johnson put it, from \"\"the murderous doctrine of savage and wolfish individualism, looking to dog-eat-dog and devil take the hindmost. The negotiations of a code for the bituminous coal industry came against the background of a rapidly swelling union, the United Mine Workers headed by John L. Lewis and an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17697147",
"chunk_text": "\"American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009\"\nmillion jobs a year between 2009 and 2012, thus averting having the recession descend into another Great Depression. Republicans, such as House Speaker John Boehner of Ohio, criticized the report since, in their views, the Act cost too much for too little result. In addition to the Vice President Biden's oversight role, a high-level advisory body, the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board (later renamed and reconstituted as the \"\"President's Council on Jobs and Competitiveness\"\"), was named concurrent to the passage of the act. As well, the President named Inspector General of the United States Department of the Interior Earl Devaney",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154994",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nindustry in the nation. According to some conservative economists, the NRA increased the cost of doing business by forty percent. Donald Richberg, who soon replaced Johnson as the head of the NRA said: There is no choice presented to American business between intelligently planned and uncontrolled industrial operations and a return to the gold-plated anarchy that masqueraded as \"\"rugged individualism.\"\"...Unless industry is sufficiently socialized by its private owners and managers so that great essential industries are operated under public obligation appropriate to the public interest in them, the advance of political control over private industry is inevitable. By the time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9619023",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert J. Fenton\"\nRobert J. Fenton Robert J. Fenton Jr, also Bob Fenton, is an American governmental official who worked for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in 1996 and was appointed Regional Administrator for FEMA Region IX: Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, and the Pacific Islands in July 2015. He had a leadership role in the development of the National Incident Management System and the National Response Framework. He was FEMA's acting administrator under President Donald Trump from January 26, 2017, until his successor Brock Long was confirmed on June 23, 2017. Fenton served as the Chief of Field Operations for Portable Water",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "66556",
"chunk_text": "\"Brock Long\"\nBrock Long William Brockmann Long (born April 6, 1975) is an American emergency manager who currently serves as the administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). He was appointed to the position by President Donald Trump in April 2017 and confirmed by the United States Senate in June 2017. Long grew up in Newton, North Carolina, graduating from Newton-Conover High School. He received his B.S. in criminal justice and M.P.A. from Appalachian State University. He also graduated from the Naval Postgraduate School's Executive Leadership Program. Long was an emergency management official in Georgia, where he served as the Statewide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12897405",
"chunk_text": "\"Marc Ferzan\"\nsectors. Ferzan was appointed by New Jersey Governor Chris Christie on November 28, 2012 to coordinate recovery efforts, a role dubbed \"\"storm czar\"\", and charged with overseeing billions of dollars of relief aid in conjunction with the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, the lead agency for distributing the funding. Ferzan announced the release of Sandy recovery funding in phases, first in April 2013 and then in February 2014. Ferzan was responsible for creating numerous relief programs. \"\"The Star-Ledger\"\" characterized Ferzan's one and half year term as \"\"tumultuous\"\" and he himself as being too low-profile. The newspaper and the \"\"Press",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10457940",
"chunk_text": "\"Donald Richberg\"\nDonald Richberg Donald Randall Richberg (July 10, 1881 - November 27, 1960) was an American attorney, civil servant, and author who was one of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's key aides and who played a critical role in the New Deal. He co-wrote the National Industrial Recovery Act, was general counsel and executive director of the National Recovery Administration. He also co-authored the Railway Labor Act, the Norris-LaGuardia Act, and the Taft-Hartley Act. Donald Richberg was born in July 1881 in Knoxville, Tennessee, to John Carl and Eloise Olivia (née Randall) Richberg. His grandfather, Louis Richberg, and his father had migrated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18479198",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisiana Recovery Authority\"\nLouisiana Recovery Authority The Louisiana Recovery Authority (LRA) is the governmental body created in the aftermath of hurricanes Katrina and Rita by Governor Kathleen Blanco to plan for the recovery and rebuilding of Louisiana. Under the leadership of the founding executive director, Andy Kopplin, the authority's mission was to plan for Louisiana's future, coordinate across jurisdictions, support community recovery and resurgence, and ensure integrity and effectiveness. By working in collaboration with local, state and federal agencies, the authority's goal is to also address short-term recovery needs while guiding the long-term planning process. Hurricanes Katrina and Rita devastated South Louisiana, destroying",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3879394",
"chunk_text": "\"R. David Paulison\"\nR. David Paulison Robert David Paulison (born February 27, 1947) is an American former fire chief who served as the director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Paulison was appointed by President George W. Bush on September 12, 2005 to replace the embattled Michael D. Brown, who resigned amid controversy over his handling of disaster relief in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Prior to his appointment, Paulison was perhaps best known nationally for his 2003 advisory regarding household items (including duct tape and plastic sheeting) to have on hand in case of terrorist attack. At the 2009 National Hurricane",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4512669",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisiana Recovery Authority\"\nmore than 200,000 homes and 18,000 businesses and causing about $25 billion in insured losses. The LRA leads one of the most extensive rebuilding efforts in the world. The LRA's decisions are made by a 33-member board of directors, led by its chairman, Xavier University of Louisiana President Norman Francis, and its vice chairman, journalist and author Walter Isaacson. The authority is staffed by fewer than 30 state government employees. The LRA also designs all policy and programs funded by, thus far, $10.4 billion in federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) congressionally approved funds. The LRA's largest program dedicated $7.5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7299008",
"chunk_text": "\"National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933\"\nraise crops and earn a living there. Title II, Sections 210–219 provided for revenues to fund the Act, and Section 220 appropriated money for the Act's implementation. Title III of the Act contained miscellaneous provisions, and transferred the authority to engage in public works from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to the Public Works Administration. Implementation of the Act began immediately. Hugh Johnson spent most of May and June planning for implementation, and the National Recovery Administration (NRA) was established on June 20, 1933—a scant four days after the law's enactment. Roosevelt angered Johnson by having him administer only the NRA,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7155003",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nwith judges that were in favor of the New Deal. Subsequent to the decision, the remainder of Title I was extended until April 1, 1936, by joint resolution of Congress (49 Stat. 375), June 14, 1935, and NRA was reorganized by E.O. 7075, June 15, 1935, to facilitate its new role as a promoter of industrial cooperation and to enable it to produce a series of economic studies, which the National Recovery Review Board was already doing. Many of the labor provisions reappeared in the Wagner Act of 1935. In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1933, DeBenneville \"\"Bert\"\" Bell formed a new",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12240054",
"chunk_text": "\"National Labor Board\"\nNational Labor Board The National Labor Board (NLB) was an independent agency of the United States Government established on August 5, 1933 to handle labor disputes arising under the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA). The American labor movement, encouraged by the protections guaranteed under Section 7(a) of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), undertook a wave of organizing not seen in almost two decades. A series of strikes overtook the country in the summer of 1933. The NIRA established the National Recovery Administration (NRA), and General Hugh S. Johnson was named the agency's administrator. Gen. Johnson had initially expressed the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154990",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nthan a fixed price of material or other element of cost would prevent it. Destructive competition at the expense of employees is lessened, but it is left in full swing against the employer himself and the economic soundness of his enterprise...But if the partnership of industry with Government which was invoked by the President were terminated (as we believe it will not be), then the spirit of cooperation, which is one of the best fruits of the NRA equipment, could not survive. Most businesses adopted the NRA without complaint, but Henry Ford was reluctant to join. The National Recovery Review",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2845643",
"chunk_text": "\"Reconstruction Agency\"\nNoda. Noda was named direct head of the agency in an effort to strengthen the leadership of the organization. Tatsuo Hirano, a native of Iwate Prefecture, served as the agency's first Minister of State for Disaster Management until he was replaced by Osamu Fujimura on June 4, 2012. The Reconstruction Agency is not part of the Cabinet Office, but will have authority over other government ministries. The agency will exist for ten years, the length of time estimated to fully restore the region after the disaster, and be dissolved on March 3, 2021. A wooden tablet for the new agency",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15351592",
"chunk_text": "\"Sue Minter\"\nbudgeting over policy-making, and earned a reputation as a \"\"solid\"\" but not \"\"ultra-liberal\"\" Democrat with a good understanding of complex budget issues. Peter Shumlin, the Governor of Vermont, appointed Minter as Deputy Secretary of the Vermont Agency of Transportation in January 2011. Following Tropical Storm Irene, Shumlin appointed Neale Lunderville to lead Vermont's recovery efforts, and four months later named Minter to replace him. Minter was praised for her leadership as chief recovery officer. She later served on President Barack Obama's Task Force on Climate Preparedness and Resilience, co-chaired the White House Task Force Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery and Resilience,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154989",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nlike a royal road to profits. A fixed price above cost has proved a lifesaver to more than one inefficient producer.\"\" However, it was also argued NRA's price control method promoted monopolies. The business position was summarized by George A. Sloan, head of the Cotton Textile Code Authority: Maximum hours and minimum wage provisions, useful and necessary as they are in themselves, do not prevent price demoralization. While putting the units of an industry on a fair competitive level insofar as labor costs are concerned, they do not prevent destructive price cutting in the sale of commodities produced, any more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13708872",
"chunk_text": "\"Executive order\"\n6632). On June 29, the president issued Executive Order 6763 \"\"under the authority vested in me by the Constitution\"\", thereby creating the National Labor Relations Board. In 1934, while Charles Evans Hughes was Chief Justice of the United States (in the time period known as the Hughes Court), the Court found that the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was unconstitutional. The president then issued Executive Order 7073 \"\"by virtue of the authority vested in me under the said Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935\"\", reestablishing the National Emergency Council to administer the functions of the NIRA in carrying out the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4812620",
"chunk_text": "\"National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive\"\nspecify who has the power to declare the emergency over. The directive further says that, in the case of such an emergency, the new position of \"\"National Continuity Coordinator\"\" would be filled by the assistant to the president for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism (this position was held under the Bush Administration by Frances Townsend, until her resignation on November 19, 2007, and Kenneth L. Wainstein; this position is currently held on an interim basis by Rob Joyce.) The directive also specifies that a \"\"Continuity Policy Coordination Committee\"\", to be chaired by a senior director of the Homeland Security Council staff,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7154983",
"chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nspending of 1917–18. In his June 13, 1933 \"\"Statement on the National Industrial Recovery Act,\"\" President Roosevelt described the spirit of the NRA: \"\"On this idea, the first part of the NIRA proposes to our industry a great spontaneous cooperation to put millions of men back in their regular jobs this summer.\"\" He further stated, \"\"But if all employers in each trade now band themselves faithfully in these modern guilds—without exception—and agree to act together and at once, none will be hurt and millions of workers, so long deprived of the right to earn their bread in the sweat of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5306720",
"chunk_text": "\"Oversight of the Troubled Asset Relief Program\"\nOctober 1, 2010, Senator Ted Kaufman of Delaware was appointed by Majority Leader Reid to replace Warren on the panel, as Warren resigned to focus on her duties at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Three days later, Kaufman was unanimously elected as the panel's second chairperson. Kaufman was succeeded in Congress by Senator Chris Coons on November 15, 2010, but he remained chairperson of the Congressional Oversight Panel until its dissolution in 2011. The Comptroller General (director of the Government Accountability Office) is required to monitor the performance of the program, and report findings to Congress every 60 days. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17459466",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe Allbaugh\"\nJoe Allbaugh Joe M. Allbaugh (born July 27, 1952) is an American political figure in the Republican Party. After spending most of his career in Oklahoma and Texas, Allbaugh came to national prominence working for Texas governor George W. Bush and helping manage his 2000 presidential election campaign. Allbaugh then became Bush's Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) beginning in February 2001. He served until FEMA's transfer into the newly created Department of Homeland Security, after which he resigned in March 2003. He was appointed as the interim Director of the Oklahoma Department of Corrections by the state",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2609429",
"chunk_text": "\"National Reconstruction Authority (Nepal)\"\nNational Reconstruction Authority (Nepal) The National Reconstruction Authority is a government agency of Nepal that coordinates the recontruction works following the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. The National Reconstruction Authority was formed in August 2015 by the Government of Nepal under Prime Minister Sushil Koirala. However, it was dissolved again, due to the government's failiure to present a replacement bill. The National Reconstruction Authority was then established again on 25 December 2015, exactly eight months after the devastating earthquake in Nepal. The Prime Minister of Nepal has a crucial role in designing the work of the agency, as he and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17456988",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael D. Brown\"\nMichael D. Brown Michael DeWayne Brown (born November 8, 1954) served as the first Undersecretary of Emergency Preparedness and Response (EP&R), a division of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). This position is generally referred to as the director or administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). He was appointed in January 2003 by President George W. Bush and resigned following his controversial handling of Hurricane Katrina in September 2005. Brown first had been appointed as General Counsel at FEMA. After the 9/11 terrorist attacks President Bush nominated Brown to become Deputy Director of FEMA. Brown currently hosts a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4501356",
"chunk_text": "\"Toney Anaya\"\neducation, and politics. He contributed significantly to the Democratic National Committee and the North American Free Trade Agreement. In 2009, New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson appointed Anaya to head the New Mexico Office of Recovery and Reinvestment. Anaya was responsible for overseeing the spending of the $1.8 billion in federal stimulus money expected to be invested in New Mexico during the next two years. Anaya worked closely with state agencies to facilitate access to funding, assist with compliance, and promote transparency throughout the process. From August 2009 to January 2011, Anaya served as Chief Executive Officer of Natural Blue Resources,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9971353",
"chunk_text": "\"Linton McGee Collins\"\nin Miami, Florida from 1926 to 1933. He was a Professor at the University of Miami from 1930 to 1932. He was the Personnel Director and Division Administrator of the National Recovery Administration from 1933 to 1935. He served with the United States Department of Justice from 1935 to 1944, serving as first assistant to the Deputy Attorney General in 1935, and as special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States from 1935 to 1944. He returned to private practice in Washington, D.C. from 1944 to 1964. Collins was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 8,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12711718",
"chunk_text": "\"National Food Authority (Philippines)\"\nthe National Food Authority and three other agencies to the Office of the President, with oversight responsibilities for the four agencies given to Francis Pangilinan in the newly created post of Presidential Assistant for Food Security and Agricultural Modernization. Then-NFA administrator Orlan Calayag stepped down in what he described as a \"\"courtesy resignation\"\" so that Pangilinan could appoint his own preferred candidate to head the NFA. On July 4, 2016, NFA was among the 12 agencies, formerly from the Office of the President reassigned to the Office of the Cabinet Secretary, based on Executive Order No. 1 issued by President",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4014145",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Tangherlini\"\nDan Tangherlini Daniel M. \"\"Dan\"\" Tangherlini is a former Administrator of the United States General Services Administration. Unanimously approved to the post by the United States Senate on June 27, 2013, he had served as Acting Administrator since his appointment by President Barack Obama on April 2, 2012. He earlier served as an executive in the U.S. Department of the Treasury, as City Administrator of Washington, D.C., and as interim General Manager for the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Tangherlini holds B.A. and M.P.P. degrees from the University of Chicago and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School of the University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17196267",
"chunk_text": "\"Shaun Donovan\"\nShaun Donovan Shaun L. S. Donovan (born January 24, 1966) is an American government official and housing specialist who served as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development from 2009 to 2014 and Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2014 to 2017. Prior to this, he headed the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development. On December 13, 2008, in his weekly national radio address, President-elect Barack Obama announced that he would appoint Donovan to his cabinet. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate through unanimous consent on January 22, 2009 and sworn-in on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4918644",
"chunk_text": "\"Daniel Kaniewski\"\nService. Earlier in his career, Kaniewski served on the White House staff, first as Director of Response and Recovery Policy and later as Special Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Senior Director for Response Policy. Kaniewski began his career in homeland security as a firefighter and paramedic. Daniel Kaniewski Daniel J. Kaniewski is the Deputy Administrator for National Preparedness at the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Prior to being confirmed by the United States Senate for his role at FEMA, Kaniewski was vice president for global resilience at AIR Worldwide, a catastrophe risk modeling and consulting services firm,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2609431",
"chunk_text": "\"National Reconstruction Authority (Nepal)\"\nReconstruction Authority, as they are said to be hindering the reconstruction process. National Reconstruction Authority (Nepal) The National Reconstruction Authority is a government agency of Nepal that coordinates the recontruction works following the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. The National Reconstruction Authority was formed in August 2015 by the Government of Nepal under Prime Minister Sushil Koirala. However, it was dissolved again, due to the government's failiure to present a replacement bill. The National Reconstruction Authority was then established again on 25 December 2015, exactly eight months after the devastating earthquake in Nepal. The Prime Minister of Nepal has a crucial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1398335",
"chunk_text": "\"Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board\"\nRecovery Accountability and Transparency Board The Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board was an agency of the United States federal government, which managed the Recovery.gov website and oversaw spending under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Recovery.gov was the U.S. government’s official website that provided easy access to data related to Recovery Act spending and allowed for the reporting of potential fraud, waste, and abuse. Kathleen S. Tighe was chair of the Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board. Other members include: Board was closed on September 30, 2015. Acting under the ARR Act, the President announced four appointees to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17196271",
"chunk_text": "\"Shaun Donovan\"\nof the Office of Management and Budget. On July 10, 2014 he was confirmed by the United States Senate by a vote of 75-22. He was ceremonially sworn in by Vice President Joe Biden on August 5, 2014. Shaun Donovan Shaun L. S. Donovan (born January 24, 1966) is an American government official and housing specialist who served as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development from 2009 to 2014 and Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2014 to 2017. Prior to this, he headed the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4362407",
"chunk_text": "\"National Reconstruction Bureau\"\nby the President of Pakistan, therefore it does not allow for notification of National Reconstruction Bureau, kindly correct the matter, by the Constitution of Pakistan, the institute was chaired by the Chairman and directly reports to the Prime Minister of Pakistan on yearly basis. Established on 18 November 1999, its primary mission is to formulate public-level national policy for the nationwide reconstruction, economic development and recovery all over the nation. As of present, the institution is currently chaired by Dr. Asim Hussain as its appointed and designated chairman of the NRB. This Organization is now stands defunct by the Government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7947219",
"chunk_text": "\"Linda Combs\"\nLinda Combs Linda Morrison Combs (born 1946) is a former U.S. federal government official. She was the Controller of the Office of Management and Budget in the Executive Office of the President at the White House. She had five Presidential Appointments confirmed by the United States Senate and served under three Presidents: Presidents Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and George W. Bush. In 2014, North Carolina Gov. Pat McCrory appointed her State Controller on an interim basis. He subsequently nominated Combs to continue in the position. She was later confirmed by the North Carolina General Assembly and took the oath",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18209773",
"chunk_text": "\"Marianne Lamont Horinko\"\nlaw firms, and other organizations headquartered in ML&B's Washington office. During the George H. W. Bush Administration, Horinko was Attorney Advisor to Don Clay, EPA's Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response. In that capacity she was responsible for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulatory issues and Superfund reauthorization. Clay was a career EPA employee who was elevated to the assistant administrator position by William K. Reilly. After EPA, Horinko was president of Clay Associates, Inc., a national environmental policy consulting firm. She was responsible for launching the RCRA Policy Forum, a membership organization composed of federal and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10876514",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Frieden\"\nthe second degree. The incident, alleged to have occurred on October 20, 2017, was reported to law enforcement in July 2018. Frieden issued a statement shortly after his arrest, stating the groping allegation \"\"does not reflect\"\" his \"\"public or private behavior or his values.\"\" Frieden has published more than 200 peer reviewed articles. Tom Frieden Thomas R. Frieden is an American infectious disease and public health expert, former director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from 2009 to 2017, appointed by President Barack Obama. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15871199",
"chunk_text": "\"National Infrastructure Commission\"\nNational Infrastructure Commission The UK National Infrastructure Commission was established on 5 October 2015 as the non-ministerial government department responsible for providing expert advice to HM Government on the pressing infrastructure challenges facing the United Kingdom. One of its main tasks is to undertake a national infrastructure assessment during each Parliament, make recommendations to the government and then monitor the government's response. Chancellor George Osborne appointed Lord Adonis as interim chairman. On 27 October the commission was established as an executive agency of HM Treasury. On 21 April 2017, Lord Adonis and Sir John Armitt were confirmed as the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11860570",
"chunk_text": "\"Franklin D. Roosevelt\"\npresided over the establishment of several agencies and measures designed to provide relief for the unemployed and others in need. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), under the leadership of Harry Hopkins, was designed to distribute relief to state governments. The Public Works Administration (PWA), under the leadership of Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, was created to oversee the construction of large-scale public works such as dams, bridges, and schools. The most popular of all New Deal agencies – and Roosevelt's favorite – was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), which hired 250,000 unemployed young men to work on local",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18487416",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal Emergency Management Agency\"\nof emergency management activities that took place in connection with the 2013 Colorado floods. The National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) was transferred from the Department of Homeland Security to the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act, signed by President George W. Bush, on December 18, 2006. NDMS is made of teams that provide medical and allied care to disaster victims. These teams include doctors, nurses, pharmacists, etc., and are typically sponsored by hospitals, public safety agencies or private organizations. Also, Rapid Deployment Force (RDF) teams, composed of officers of the Commissioned Corps of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20278918",
"chunk_text": "\"Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet\"\nof the Small Business Administration. Contreras-Sweet was confirmed as the Administrator of the Small Business Administration by voice vote on March 27, 2014. She assumed role of her position as Administrator of the Small Business Administration on April 7, 2014. On February 11, 2009, it was reported that Gil Kerlikowske had accepted an offer by President Obama to become Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, succeeding John P. Walters. On May 7, 2009, the Senate confirmed Kerlikowske's nomination by a vote of 91–1 (roll call vote number 187: Republican Sen. Tom Coburn, M.D., of Oklahoma dissenting, 7",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15146429",
"chunk_text": "\"Danielle C. Gray\"\nis also recognized as one of the lawyers who helped pass and ensure that the Affordable Care Act was upheld. Gray returned to the White House in early 2011 upon her appointment as Deputy Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and Deputy Director of the National Economic Council. As Deputy to National Economic Council Director Gene Sperling, Gray oversaw and developed policies related to a range of economic issues facing the country. Gray remained in this role until January 2013, when she was appointed Assistant to the President and Cabinet Secretary, a position previously occupied by Chris Lu. Recognized",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10661250",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris Masingill\"\nHe then worked for the Beebe administration, which included implementation of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. In 2008, Masingill attended the Democratic National Convention as a delegate for the presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton. In 2010, Barack Obama appointed Masingill to be the 2nd Federal Co-Chairman of the Delta Regional Authority. Masingill came out against a Trump Administration budget proposal which would abolish the DRA. In July 2017, President Donald Trump fired Masingill from his role. On September 12, 2017, Trump nominated Christopher Caldwell, a staffer to Senator John Boozman. Caldwell was later confirmed by the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15646847",
"chunk_text": "\"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry\"\nATSDR administrator and CDC director since March 26, 2018. Patrick N. Breysse, PhD. has been director of NCEH/ATSDR since December 2014. The ATSDR administrator, who provides overall leadership of the agency, is appointed by the president of the United States, and the appointment does not require Senate approval. The ATSDR administrator appoints the NCEH/ATSDR director, who is responsible for managing the agency's programs and activities. \"\"*Joint with NCEH\"\" The Division of Community Health Investigations manages an office in Washington, D.C., as well as offices in each of the 10 EPA regions: The regional offices work cooperatively with EPA, state and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16540669",
"chunk_text": "\"National Infrastructure Advisory Council\"\nSeptember 29, 2005, Executive Order 13446 of September 28, 2007, and Executive Order 13511 of September 29, 2009. The council is composed of not more than 30 members, appointed by the president, who are selected from the private sector, academia, and State and local government, representing senior executive leadership expertise from the critical infrastructure and key resource areas as delineated in HSPD-7. LEADERSHIP: The position of NIAC chair and vice-chair are named by the president. Currently, the NIAC Chair position is held by Mr. Erle A. Nye, chairman emeritus, TXU Corporation, and Mr. Alfred R. Berkeley III, chairman, Pipeline Trading,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7662001",
"chunk_text": "\"National Nuclear Security Administration\"\nDepartment of Energy. It is led by Lisa Gordon-Hagerty, who was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 16, 2018. The National Nuclear Security Administration was created by Congressional action in 1999, in the wake of the Wen Ho Lee spy scandal and other allegations that lax administration by the Department of Energy had resulted in the loss of U.S. nuclear secrets to China. Originally proposed to be an independent agency, NNSA gained the reluctant support of the Clinton administration only after it was instead chartered as a sub-agency within the Department of Energy, to be headed by an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_420
|
how oxygenated blood returns to the heart from the lungs?
|
n/a
|
[
"pulmonary circulation"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17628517",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary circulation\"\nPulmonary circulation The pulmonary circulation is the portion of the circulatory system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle of the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart. The term pulmonary circulation is readily paired and contrasted with the systemic circulation. The vessels of the pulmonary circulation are the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins. A separate system known as the bronchial circulation supplies oxygenated blood to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung. The earliest human discussions of pulmonary circulation date back to Egyptian times.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784444",
"chunk_text": "Heart\nand the blood is pumped into the pulmonary trunk through the pulmonary valve. The pulmonary trunk divides into pulmonary arteries and progressively smaller arteries throughout the lungs, until it reaches capillaries. As these pass by alveoli carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen. This happens through the passive process of diffusion. In the left heart, oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins. It is then pumped into the left ventricle through the mitral valve and into the aorta through the aortic valve for systemic circulation. The aorta is a large artery that branches into many smaller",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17628519",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary circulation\"\nwhere carbon dioxide is released and oxygen is picked up during respiration. Arteries are further divided into very fine capillaries which are extremely thin-walled. The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart. The oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. This blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta. The blood is then distributed to the body through the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784415",
"chunk_text": "Heart\nand along the conduction system of the heart. The heart receives blood low in oxygen from the systemic circulation, which enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior venae cavae and passes to the right ventricle. From here it is pumped into the pulmonary circulation, through the lungs where it receives oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. Oxygenated blood then returns to the left atrium, passes through the left ventricle and is pumped out through the aorta to the systemic circulation−where the oxygen is used and metabolized to carbon dioxide. The heart beats at a resting rate close to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17628518",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary circulation\"\nHuman knowledge of pulmonary circulation grew gradually over centuries, and scientists Ibn al-Nafis, Michael Servetus, and William Harvey provided some of the first accurate descriptions of this process. Deoxygenated blood leaves the heart, goes to the lungs, and then re-enters the heart; Deoxygenated blood leaves through the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. From the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve (or right atrioventricular valve), into the right ventricle. Blood is then pumped from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve and into the main pulmonary artery. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784442",
"chunk_text": "Heart\nto and from the body and the pulmonary circulation to and from the lungs. Blood in the pulmonary circulation exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen in the lungs through the process of respiration. The systemic circulation then transports oxygen to the body and returns carbon dioxide and relatively deoxygenated blood to the heart for transfer to the lungs. The right heart collects deoxygenated blood from two large veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae. Blood collects in the right and left atrium continuously. The superior vena cava drains blood from above the diaphragm and empties into the upper back part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10121461",
"chunk_text": "\"Cardiac physiology\"\ncollects oxygen from the lungs and delivers carbon dioxide for exhalation. The systemic circuit transports oxygen to the body and returns relatively de-oxygenated blood and carbon dioxide to the pulmonary circuit. Blood flows through the heart in one direction, from the atria to the ventricles, and out through the pulmonary artery into the pulmonary circulation, and the aorta into the systemic circulation. The pulmonary artery (also trunk) branches into the left and right pulmonary arteries to supply each lung. Blood is prevented from flowing backwards (regurgitation) by the tricuspid, bicuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves. The function of the \"\"right heart\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5808754",
"chunk_text": "\"Cardiac physiology\"\nis to collect de-oxygenated blood, in the right atrium, from the body via the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and from the coronary sinus and pump it, through the tricuspid valve, via the right ventricle, through the semilunar pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery in the pulmonary circulation where carbon dioxide can be exchanged for oxygen in the lungs. This happens through the passive process of diffusion. In the \"\"left heart\"\" oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein. It is then pumped into the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve and into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19697710",
"chunk_text": "\"Venous blood\"\nVenous blood Venous blood is deoxygenated blood which travels from the peripheral vessels, through the venous system into the right atrium of the heart. Deoxygenated blood is then pumped by the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery which is divided in two branches, left and right to the left and right lungs respectively. Blood is oxygenated in the lungs and returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. Venous blood is typically colder than arterial blood, and has a lower oxygen content and pH. It also has lower concentrations of glucose and other nutrients, and has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10854228",
"chunk_text": "\"Circulatory system\"\npulmonary vein. Oxygen deprived blood from the superior and inferior vena cava enters the right atrium of the heart and flows through the tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve) into the right ventricle, from which it is then pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs, whereby is released from the blood, and oxygen is absorbed. The pulmonary vein returns the now oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium. A separate system known as the bronchial circulation supplies blood to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung. Systemic circulation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10438472",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nand deliver it to the body via arterioles and capillaries, where the oxygen is consumed; afterwards, venules and veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Under normal conditions in adult humans at rest, hemoglobin in blood leaving the lungs is about 98–99% saturated with oxygen, achieving an oxygen delivery between 950 and 1150 ml/min to the body. In a healthy adult at rest, oxygen consumption is approximately 200–250 ml/min, and deoxygenated blood returning to the lungs is still roughly 75% (70 to 78%) saturated. Increased oxygen consumption during sustained exercise reduces the oxygen saturation of venous blood, which can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10438464",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nvary somewhat between species. In non-mammalian vertebrates, however, there are some key differences: Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. In humans, blood is pumped from the strong left ventricle of the heart through arteries to peripheral tissues and returns to the right atrium of the heart through veins. It then enters the right ventricle and is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs and returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. Blood then enters the left ventricle to be circulated again. Arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13677945",
"chunk_text": "Vein\nvenules, which continue to converge and form the larger veins. The de-oxygenated blood is taken by veins to the right atrium of the heart, which transfers the blood to the right ventricle, where it is then pumped through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. In pulmonary circulation the pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, which empties into the left ventricle, completing the cycle of blood circulation. The return of blood to the heart is assisted by the action of the muscle pump, and by the thoracic pump action of breathing during respiration. Standing or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18657500",
"chunk_text": "Hemodynamics\narterioles, capillaries, and venules —constitutes most of the area of the vascular system and is the site of the transfer of O, glucose, and enzyme substrates into the cells. The venous system returns the de-oxygenated blood to the right heart where it is pumped into the lungs to become oxygenated and CO and other gaseous wastes exchanged and expelled during breathing. Blood then returns to the left side of the heart where it begins the process again. In a normal circulatory system, the volume of blood returning to the heart each minute is approximately equal to the volume that is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11480427",
"chunk_text": "\"Gas exchange\"\nnormal, reflexes are elicited that change the rate and depth of breathing in such a way that normality is restored within seconds or minutes. All the blood returning from the body tissues to the right side of the heart flows through the alveolar capillaries before being pumped around the body again. On its passage through the lungs the blood comes into close contact with the alveolar air, separated from it by a very thin diffusion membrane which is only, on average, about 2 μm thick. The gas pressures in the blood will therefore rapidly equilibrate with those in the alveoli,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10968006",
"chunk_text": "Systole\nall body systems, and simultaneously pumping oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle through the pulmonic valve and pulmonary artery to the lungs. Thus, the pairs of chambers (upper atria and lower ventricles) contract in alternating sequence to each other. First, the two atria feed blood simultaneously into the ventricles, which two, contracting together, then pump blood out of the heart to the body systems, including the lungs for resupply of oxygen. Cardiac systole is the contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to an electrochemical stimulus to the heart's cells (cardiomyocytes). Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood pumped",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10854226",
"chunk_text": "\"Circulatory system\"\nof the heart. The blood that is returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated (poor in oxygen) and passed into the right ventricle to be pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs of the body. The coronary circulation system provides a blood supply to the heart muscle itself. The coronary circulation begins near the origin of the aorta",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "320829",
"chunk_text": "\"Bronchial circulation\"\nBronchial circulation The bronchial circulation is the part of the circulatory system that supplies nutrients and oxygen to the cells that constitute the lungs, as well as carrying waste products away from them. It is complementary to the pulmonary circulation that brings deoxygenated blood to the lungs and carries oxygenated blood away from them in order to oxygenate the rest of the body. In the bronchial circulation, blood goes through the following steps: Blood reaches from the pulmonary circulation into the lungs for gas exchange to oxygenate the rest of the body tissues. But bronchial circulation supplies fully oxygenated arterial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19871854",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary vein\"\ndrain into the pulmonary circulation in whole or in part, this is known as a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (or drainage), or partial anomalous pulmonary connection, respectively. Pulmonary vein The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The largest pulmonary veins are the four \"\"main pulmonary veins\"\", two from each lung that drain into the left atrium of the heart. The pulmonary veins are part of the pulmonary circulation. Two main pulmonary veins emerge from each lung hilum, receiving blood from three or four bronchial veins apiece and draining into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18197045",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary artery banding\"\ndescribed by Muller And Damman at UCLA in 1951. In recent years, the use of this technique has declined as studies have indicated that early definitive repair is preferable to this form of palliation. The heart is separated into 4 chambers. Deoxygenated blood enters into the right chambers of the heart and continues through the pulmonary arteries to be oxygenated in the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns into the left side of the heart and out to the rest of the body, known as the systemic circulation. In congenital heart defects such as ventricular septal defects (VSD) and Atrioventricular septal defects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18657499",
"chunk_text": "Hemodynamics\nthe medical field. The heart is the driver of the circulatory system, pumping blood through rhythmic contraction and relaxation. The rate of blood flow out of the heart (often expressed in L/min) is known as the cardiac output (CO). Blood being pumped out of the heart first enters the aorta, the largest artery of the body. It then proceeds to divide into smaller and smaller arteries, then into arterioles, and eventually capillaries, where oxygen transfer occurs. The capillaries connect to venules, and the blood then travels back through the network of veins to the right heart. The micro-circulation — the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4583157",
"chunk_text": "\"Cardiac cycle\"\nCardiac cycle The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole (die-ASS-toe-lee), followed by a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, dubbed systole (SIS-toe-lee). After emptying, the heart immediately relaxes and expands to receive another influx of blood \"\"returning from\"\" the lungs and other systems of the body, before again contracting to \"\"pump blood to\"\" the lungs and those systems. A normally performing heart must be fully",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18441248",
"chunk_text": "\"American flamingo\"\ngas exchange can occur. Capillaries are organized into capillary beds in tissues, it is here that blood exchanges oxygen for carbon dioxide waste. In the capillary beds blood flow is slowed to allow maximum diffusion of oxygen into the tissues. Once the blood has become deoxygenated it travels through venules then veins and back to the heart. Veins, unlike arteries, are thin and rigid as they do not need to withstand extreme pressure. As blood travels through the venules to the veins a funneling occurs called vasodilation bringing blood back to the heart. Once the blood reaches the heart it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15122787",
"chunk_text": "Mammal\naction of other respiratory muscles. Consequently, air is sucked into or expelled out of the lungs, always moving down its pressure gradient. This type of lung is known as a bellows lung due to its resemblance to blacksmith [[bellows]]. The mammalian [[heart]] has four chambers, two upper [[atrium (heart)|atria]], the receiving chambers, and two lower [[ventricle (heart)|ventricles]], the discharging chambers. The heart has four valves, which separate its chambers and ensures blood flows in the correct direction through the heart (preventing backflow). After [[gas exchange]] in the pulmonary capillaries (blood vessels in the lungs), oxygen-rich blood returns to the left",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20686090",
"chunk_text": "\"Respiratory tract\"\nthe lung that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood. Respiration is the rhythmical process of breathing, in which air is drawn into the alveoli of the lungs via inhalation and subsequently expelled via exhalation. When a human being inhales, air travels down the trachea, through the bronchial tubes, and into the lungs. The entire tract is protected by the rib cage, spine, and sternum. In the lungs, oxygen from the inhaled air is transferred into the blood and circulated throughout the body. Carbon dioxide (CO) is transferred from returning blood back into gaseous form in the lungs and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10699798",
"chunk_text": "\"Cardiac shunt\"\nof the person whose heart it is. There are four chambers in a heart: an atrium (upper) and a ventricle (lower) on both the left and right sides. In mammals and birds, blood from the body goes to the right side of the heart first. Blood enters the upper right atrium, is pumped down to the right ventricle and from there to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. Blood going to the lungs is called the pulmonary circulation. When the blood returns to the heart from the lungs via the pulmonary vein, it goes to the left side of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13791344",
"chunk_text": "\"Circulatory system\"\nby two coronary arteries: the right coronary artery and the left coronary artery. After nourishing the heart muscle, blood returns through the coronary veins into the coronary sinus and from this one into the right atrium. Back flow of blood through its opening during atrial systole is prevented by the Thebesian valve. The smallest cardiac veins drain directly into the heart chambers. The circulatory system of the lungs is the portion of the cardiovascular system in which oxygen-depleted blood is pumped away from the heart, via the pulmonary artery, to the lungs and returned, oxygenated, to the heart via the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1187306",
"chunk_text": "Lung\nreceptors in the smooth muscle of the airways initiate a reflex known as the Hering–Breuer reflex that prevents the lungs from over-inflation, during forceful inspiration. The lungs have a dual blood supply provided by a bronchial and a pulmonary circulation. The bronchial circulation supplies oxygenated blood to the airways of the lungs, through the bronchial arteries that leave the aorta. There are usually three arteries, two to the left lung and one to the right, and they branch alongside the bronchi and bronchioles. The pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns the oxygenated blood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19871851",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary vein\"\nPulmonary vein The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The largest pulmonary veins are the four \"\"main pulmonary veins\"\", two from each lung that drain into the left atrium of the heart. The pulmonary veins are part of the pulmonary circulation. Two main pulmonary veins emerge from each lung hilum, receiving blood from three or four bronchial veins apiece and draining into the left atrium. An inferior and superior main vein drains each lung, so there are four main veins in total. At the root of the lung, the right superior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10799795",
"chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\ndrain blood into the right side of the heart. From here, the blood is pumped into the lungs where it receives oxygen and drains back into the left side of the heart. From here, it is pumped into the body's largest artery, the aorta, and then progressively smaller arteries and arterioles until it reaches tissue. Here blood passes from small arteries into capillaries, then small veins and the process begins again. Blood carries oxygen, waste products, and hormones from one place in the body to another. Blood is filtered at the kidneys and liver. The body consists of a number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19813790",
"chunk_text": "Breathing\nBreathing Breathing (or respiration, or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide. All aerobic creatures need oxygen for cellular respiration, which uses the oxygen to break down foods for energy and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. Breathing, or \"\"external respiration\"\", brings air into the lungs where gas exchange takes place in the alveoli through diffusion. The body's circulatory system transports these gases to and from the cells, where \"\"cellular respiration\"\" takes place. The breathing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7782509",
"chunk_text": "Artery\nArtery An artery (plural arteries) () is a blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to all parts of the body (tissues, lungs, etc). Most arteries carry oxygenated blood; the two exceptions are the pulmonary and the umbilical arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood to the organs that oxygenate it. The effective arterial blood volume is that extracellular fluid which fills the arterial system. The arteries are part of the circulatory system, which is responsible for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to all cells, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide and waste products, the maintenance of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2537935",
"chunk_text": "\"Oxygen saturation (medicine)\"\nassist in raising blood oxygen levels. Oxygenation occurs when oxygen molecules () enter the tissues of the body. For example, blood is oxygenated in the lungs, where oxygen molecules travel from the air and into the blood. Oxygenation is commonly used to refer to medical oxygen saturation. In medicine, oxygen saturation, commonly referred to as \"\"sats\"\", measures the percentage of hemoglobin binding sites in the bloodstream occupied by oxygen. At low partial pressures of oxygen, most hemoglobin is deoxygenated. At around 90% (the value varies according to the clinical context) oxygen saturation increases according to an oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784447",
"chunk_text": "Heart\nblood into the ventricles and priming the pump. Next, the ventricles start to contract. As the pressure rises within the cavities of the ventricles, the mitral and tricuspid valves are forced shut. As the pressure within the ventricles rises further, exceeding the pressure with the aorta and pulmonary arteries, the aortic and pulmonary valves open. Blood is ejected from the heart, causing the pressure within the ventricles to fall. Simultaneously, the atria refill as blood flows into the right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cavae, and into the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. Finally, when the pressure",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16796545",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood vessel\"\nbody. This is a result of the left and right side of the heart working together to allow blood to flow continuously to the lungs and other parts of the body. Oxygen poor blood enters the right side of the heart through two large veins. Oxygen rich blood from the lungs enters through the pulmonary veins on the left side of the heart into the aorta and then reaches the rest of the body. The capillaries are responsible for allowing the blood to receive oxygen through tiny air sacs in the lungs. This is also the site where carbon dioxide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2007063",
"chunk_text": "\"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation\"\nExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), also known as extracorporeal life support (ECLS), is an extracorporeal technique of providing prolonged cardiac and respiratory support to persons whose heart and lungs are unable to provide an adequate amount of gas exchange or perfusion to sustain life. The technology for ECMO is largely derived from cardiopulmonary bypass, which provides shorter-term support with arrested native circulation. This intervention has mostly been used on children, but it is seeing more use in adults with cardiac and respiratory failure. ECMO works by removing blood from the person's body and artificially removing the carbon dioxide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10567050",
"chunk_text": "\"Levo-Transposition of the great arteries\"\naccompanying defect(s). If a right-to-left or bidirectional shunt is present, the list of symptoms may include mild cyanosis. In a normal heart, oxygen-depleted (\"\"deoxygenated\"\") blood is pumped from the right atrium into the right ventricle, then through the pulmonary artery to the lungs where it is oxygenated. The oxygen-rich (\"\"oxygenated\"\") blood then returns, via the pulmonary veins, to the left atrium from which it is pumped into the left ventricle, then through the aorta to the rest of the body, including the heart muscle itself. With l-TGA, deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right atrium into the morphological left ventricle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18086763",
"chunk_text": "\"Biofluid dynamics\"\nveins before reaching the right heart. Thus completing the cycle of blood going to heart and then coming from it and going to all parts of the body. The tricuspid valve, right heart (right ventricle), pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins and right heart are the elements of the Pulmonary Circulation System. The process of gas exchange, that is, exchange of carbon dioxide with oxygen in the lungs is the main function of the pulmonary system. The de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle is pumped to the lungs where the capillaries surrounding the alveole sacks exchange carbon dioxide for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7525080",
"chunk_text": "\"Atrial septostomy\"\nseptectomy was developed by Vivien Thomas in a canine model and performed in humans by Alfred Blalock. There are two types of this procedure: balloon atrial septostomy (also called endovascular atrial septostomy, Rashkind atrial balloon septostomy, or simply Rashkind's procedure) and blade atrial septostomy (also called static balloon atrial septostomy). In a normal heart, oxygen-depleted blood (\"\"blue\"\") is pumped from the right side of the heart, through the pulmonary artery, to the lungs where it is oxygenated. This is the pulmonary circulation part of blood flow. The oxygen-rich (\"\"red\"\") blood then returns to the left heart, via the pulmonary veins,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5058737",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood vessel\"\nvessels function to transport blood. In general, arteries and arterioles transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body and its organs, and veins and venules transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs. Blood vessels also circulate blood throughout the circulatory system Oxygen (bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells) is the most critical nutrient carried by the blood. In all arteries apart from the pulmonary artery, hemoglobin is highly saturated (95–100%) with oxygen. In all veins apart from the pulmonary vein, the saturation of hemoglobin is about 75%. (The values are reversed in the pulmonary circulation.) In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10699808",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary shunt\"\nconsideration results in de-oxygenated blood going to the heart from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. If giving pure oxygen at 100% for five-ten minutes doesn't raise the arterial pressure of O2 more than it does the alveolar pressure of O2 then the defect in the lung is because of a pulmonary shunt. This is because although the PO2 of alveolar gas has been changed by giving pure supplemental O2, the PaO2 (arterial gas pressure) will not increase that much because the V/Q mismatch still exists and it will still add some de-oxygenated blood to the arterial system via the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10438465",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nair to all of the cells of the body, and venous blood carries carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism by cells, to the lungs to be exhaled. However, one exception includes pulmonary arteries, which contain the most deoxygenated blood in the body, while the pulmonary veins contain oxygenated blood. Additional return flow may be generated by the movement of skeletal muscles, which can compress veins and push blood through the valves in veins toward the right atrium. The blood circulation was famously described by William Harvey in 1628. In vertebrates, the various cells of blood are made in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12760813",
"chunk_text": "\"Membrane oxygenator\"\nMembrane oxygenator A membrane oxygenator is a device used to add oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from the blood. It can be used in two principal modes: to imitate the function of the lungs in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to oxygenate blood in longer term life support, termed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO. A membrane oxygenator consists of a thin gas permeable membrane separating the blood and gas flows in the CPB circuit; oxygen diffuses from the gas side into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the gas for disposal. The history of the oxygenator, or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9858115",
"chunk_text": "Heart\narteries, arterioles, and ultimately capillaries. In the capillaries, oxygen and nutrients from blood are supplied to body cells for metabolism, and exchanged for carbon dioxide and waste products. Capillary blood, now deoxygenated, travels into venules and veins that ultimately collect in the superior and inferior vena cavae, and into the right heart. The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events in which the heart contracts and relaxes with every heartbeat. The period of time during which the ventricles contract, forcing blood out into the aorta and main pulmonary artery, is known as systole, while the period during which the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3185533",
"chunk_text": "\"Arterial blood\"\nArterial blood Arterial blood is the oxygenated blood in the circulatory system found in the pulmonary vein, the left chambers of the heart, and in the arteries. It is bright red in color, while venous blood is dark red in color (but looks purple through the translucent skin). It is the contralateral term to \"\"venous blood\"\". Framed in the cardiac cycle, often historically accredited to the Wiggers diagram, arterial blood has just passed through the lungs and is ready to boost oxygen to sustain the peripheral organs. The essential difference between venous and arterial blood is the curve of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10704441",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary edema\"\nPulmonary edema Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause respiratory failure. It is due to either failure of the left ventricle of the heart to remove blood adequately from the pulmonary circulation (cardiogenic pulmonary edema), or an injury to the lung parenchyma or vasculature of the lung (noncardiogenic pulmonary edema). Treatment is focused on three aspects: firstly improving respiratory function, secondly, treating the underlying cause, and thirdly avoiding further damage to the lung. Pulmonary edema, especially acute, can lead to fatal respiratory distress or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13048272",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary edema\"\nPulmonary edema Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause respiratory failure. It is due to either failure of the left ventricle of the heart to remove blood adequately from the pulmonary circulation (cardiogenic pulmonary edema), or an injury to the lung parenchyma or vasculature of the lung (noncardiogenic pulmonary edema). Treatment is focused on three aspects: firstly improving respiratory function, secondly, treating the underlying cause, and thirdly avoiding further damage to the lung. Pulmonary edema, especially acute, can lead to fatal respiratory distress or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19398676",
"chunk_text": "\"Red blood cell\"\nRed blood cell Red blood cells, also known as RBCs, red cells, red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek \"\"erythros\"\" for \"\"red\"\" and \"\"kytos\"\" for \"\"hollow vessel\"\", with \"\"-cyte\"\" translated as \"\"cell\"\" in modern usage), are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O) to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system. RBCs take up oxygen in the lungs, or gills of fish, and release it into tissues while squeezing through the body's capillaries. The cytoplasm of erythrocytes is rich in hemoglobin, an iron-containing biomolecule that can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17628520",
"chunk_text": "\"Pulmonary circulation\"\nsystemic circulation before returning again to the pulmonary circulation. From the right ventricle, blood is pumped through the semilunar pulmonary valve into the left and right main pulmonary arteries (one for each lung), which branch into smaller pulmonary arteries that spread throughout the lungs. The pulmonary circulation loop is virtually bypassed in fetal circulation. The fetal lungs are collapsed, and blood passes from the right atrium directly into the left atrium through the foramen ovale: an open conduit between the paired atria, or through the ductus arteriosus: a shunt between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. When the lungs expand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11480429",
"chunk_text": "\"Gas exchange\"\nof breathing are reduced till blood gas normality is restored. Since the blood arriving in the alveolar capillaries has a formula_3 of, on average, 6 kPa (45 mmHg), while the pressure in the alveolar air is 13 kPa (100 mmHg), there will be a net diffusion of oxygen into the capillary blood, changing the composition of the 3 liters of alveolar air slightly. Similarly, since the blood arriving in the alveolar capillaries has a formula_3 of also about 6 kPa (45 mmHg), whereas that of the alveolar air is 5.3 kPa (40 mmHg), there is a net movement of carbon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_421
|
in another world with my smartphone japanese title?
|
n/a
|
[
"異世界はスマートフォンとともに"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14571256",
"chunk_text": "\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\nadaptation directed by Takeyuki Yanase, written by Natsuko Takahashi, and animated by Production Reed was announced and aired from July 11 to September 26, 2017. AŌP performed the opening theme song \"\"Another World\"\" while Maaya Uchida, Yui Fukuo, Chinatsu Akatsuki, Marika Kouno, Nanami Yamashita, and Sumire Uesaka performed different versions of the ending theme song . Crunchyroll streamed the anime. Crunchyroll has licensed the series, and Funimation will release it on home video as part of the two companies' partnership. Funimation is releasing the series for home video in the British Isles, and in Australia and New Zealand, through their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14571257",
"chunk_text": "\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\ndistributors at Sony Pictures UK and Universal Sony respectively. The series has seen considerable popularity on the Shōsetsuka ni Narō website, having been viewed over 100,000,000 times in total. In Another World With My Smartphone 15-year-old Touya Mochizuki is accidentally killed by God. As an apology, God allows him to be resurrected, but since he cannot send him back to his old world, he instead reincarnates him into a fantasy world along with a single special request. Touya uses his request in order to bring his smartphone into the new world with him, which God modifies so that the phone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7378546",
"chunk_text": "\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\nhim. Taking full advantage of his second chance at life, Touya befriends many different people mainly females and high-ranking people in the new world. He begins to travel from country to country, solving political disputes, minor quests, and nonchalantly enjoying himself with his newfound allies. The series began publication as a web novel, being serialized on the Shōsetsuka ni Narō website since April 8, 2013. The series was later published as a light novel series by Hobby Japan's “HJ Novels” label beginning on May 22, 2015; twelve volumes have been published as of March 22, 2018. The light novel features",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7378547",
"chunk_text": "\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\nillustrations by Eiji Usatsuka. It was licensed for digital distribution in the English language by J-Novel Club. J-Novel Club announced at Anime Expo on July 5, 2018 that the series would be the first it would publish in print outside its deal with Seven Seas Entertainment. The novels will be published in partnership with Ingram Publisher Services. A manga adaptation by Soto began serialization in the January 2017 issue of Comp Ace (published November 2016), with the first two compiled tankōbon volumes released consecutively in June and July 2017 and the third volume in February 2018. An anime television series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14571253",
"chunk_text": "\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\nIn Another World With My Smartphone 15-year-old Touya Mochizuki is accidentally killed by God. As an apology, God allows him to be resurrected, but since he cannot send him back to his old world, he instead reincarnates him into a fantasy world along with a single special request. Touya uses his request in order to bring his smartphone into the new world with him, which God modifies so that the phone will function in the new world. God also greatly amplifies Touya's physical, magical, and cognitive abilities to a certain degree as a further apology for the inconvenience of killing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18904962",
"chunk_text": "\"Honoka Inoue\"\nthe songs and for \"\"Taiko no Tatsujin\"\". In 2017, Inoue and her mother appeared as a daughter and mother in the original net animation \"\"Pokémon Generations\"\". She also appeared in the anime series \"\"WorldEnd\"\" as Phyracorlybia Dorio and \"\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\" as Alma. That same year, she was cast as the character Ruby Azumi in the mobile game \"\"Between the Sky and Sea\"\". She released her first single \"\"Sparkling Chinatown\"\" on June 28, 2017. In 2018, Inoue played the role of Sakura Uzuki in the anime series \"\"Pazudora\"\". She will also reprise the role of Ruby for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11687847",
"chunk_text": "\"Mondai Girl\"\ntour that she had been experiencing the darker side of fame saying that her privacy had been invaded and she simply had enough. The first song, \"\"My Room\"\" was revealed in a commercial for CHINTAI room rental app service. The second song, \"\"KISEKAE\"\" was first revealed at the commercial for the New Nintendo 3DS before the handheld's launch at October 11, 2014, It was soon followed by a Christmas version in December 2014. In the same month, Kyary announced the next single's title and will serve as a theme song for the TV drama \"\"A Restaurant with Many Problems\"\", which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2447138",
"chunk_text": "\"Aquos Phone SH-06D\"\nAquos Phone SH-06D The Aquos Phone SH-06D is an Android smartphone manufactured by Sharp Corporation. Exclusively released in Japan in 2012 by the local carrier NTT Docomo, the device features a dual-core processor and a 720p autostereoscopic display, and was notably the first smartphone to support a new mobile TV service that had been developed in collaboration with NTT Docomo. In June 2012, a special edition of the SH-06D themed after the anime series \"\"Neon Genesis Evangelion\"\" was released in honour of the upcoming film, \"\"\"\". The special edition, of which only 10,000 were made, featured a redesigned exterior and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9351070",
"chunk_text": "\"Socrates in Love\"\nfor him, but he struggles not to see her as the late Aki's replacement. Their situation is complicated when Aki's young son sees Saku as a father figure. The drama's theme song, \"\"Katachi Aru Mono\"\" (Some Kind of Form), is notable for having been written and performed by Kou Shibasaki, who appeared as Ritsuko Fujimura in the 2004 film adaptation. The 2004 film was remade and released in South Korea as \"\"My Girl and I\"\" on 23 December 2005. It was then released in Japan on 26 August 2006, under its Japanese title, \"\"You Are the Center of My World\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16974646",
"chunk_text": "\"Restaurant to Another World\"\nis \"\"One in a Billion\"\" by Wake Up, May'n, while the ending theme is by Kiyono Yasuno. Restaurant to Another World The is a restaurant situated in a mundane corner of an undisclosed Tokyo shopping district which, despite its name, offers a lot of Japanese dishes in addition to Western ones. It opens during usual business hours though closed during holidays and weekends. But secretly it is also open on Saturdays, as on this particular day it creates doorways to another world inhabited by elves, dragons, animal men and other fantastic creatures, who enter the restaurant and partake of its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3728825",
"chunk_text": "\"Steins;Gate: Linear Bounded Phenogram\"\nshort stories; by using the player characters' cell phones to make different choices and responses in the \"\"phone trigger\"\" system, the player can affect the direction of the game's plot. In the iPhone version of the game, the player picks up and puts down the in-game phone by holding the phone they are playing on vertically or horizontally, respectively. \"\"Linear Bounded Phenogram\"\" is a spin-off from \"\"Steins;Gate\"\", consisting of eleven side stories set in different realities, some of which are similar to the one in the original game, and some which are very different. Two of the stories follow Rintaro",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9642752",
"chunk_text": "\"Cell phone novel\"\na Tokyo man in his mid-thirties who calls himself Yoshi. His first cell phone novel was called \"\"\"\", the story of a teenager engaged in \"\"subsidized dating\"\" (enjō kosai) in Tokyo and contracting AIDS. It became so popular that it was published as an actual book, with 2.6 million copies sold in Japan, then spun off into a television series, a manga, and a movie. The cell phone novel became a hit mainly through word of mouth and gradually started to gain traction in Taiwan, China, and South Korea among young adults. In Japan, several sites offer large prizes to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7778524",
"chunk_text": "\"Otometeki Koi Kakumei Love Revo!!\"\na sky blue pony tail and head phones. The main character's brother. He is usually known as Onii-chan (big brother in Japanese). Onii-chan supports the main character through her diet and also makes monthly charts that show how 'in love' the various candidates are with her. He is quite hot-headed, gets jealous easily, very protective and has an obvious sister complex. He is quite popular within the fandom. He also gives you a monthly allowance of 5000 yen. A hidden character based on the actual Matsuda Satoshi that can be unlocked if certain requirements are met. Daughter of a high-class",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16974645",
"chunk_text": "\"Restaurant to Another World\"\nthe manga in English beginning on July 2, 2017. The author reported in a September 7, 2016 blog entry on the Shōsetsuka ni Narō website that an anime adaptation project of the light novel series was in the works, later revealed to be an anime television series. The series aired from July 3 to September 18, 2017 on TV Tokyo, and was simulcasted by Crunchyroll. Funimation has licensed the series in North America. Masato Jinbo directed the series and supervised scripts at Silver Link, with Takao Sano and Keiichi Sano adapted the original character designs for animation. The opening theme",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17829901",
"chunk_text": "\"Tales of Mobile\"\nwith their party members, Seiun and You. Like \"\"Tales of Breaker\"\", it utilizes a variation of the Linear Motion Battle System. It was the first Tales of Mobile game to contain a theme song: Kana Uemura's \"\"Kiseki\"\". \"\"Tales of Commons\"\"'s characteristic genre name is . This is the second of the Tales mobile titles that have their own stories and characters. During a perfectly ordinary journey, something very strange happened to a young man named Alvin, who was headed through a rainforest on the way to the hometown of his late mother. He suddenly hears singing from out of nowhere.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6953482",
"chunk_text": "WorldEnd\n\"\"Scarborough Fair\"\" and \"\"Always in My Heart\"\" by Tamaru Yamada were played in episodes 1 and 12, as well as \"\"I Call You\"\" by Tamaru Yamada in episode 9. The anime aired on April 11, 2017 on Tokyo MX, with further broadcasts on TV Aichi, Sun TV, TVQ Kyushu Broadcasting, BS11, and AT-X then finished on June 27, 2017. The series ran for 12 episodes. The series is licensed in North America by Crunchyroll, and Funimation released it on home video with an English dub. WorldEnd WorldEnd, short for , also known as \"\"SukaSuka\"\", is a Japanese light novel series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1579464",
"chunk_text": "\"Yowamushi Pedal\"\n(Petit) Racers\"\" (弱虫ペダルぷちっとレーサーズ) is a phone app by Furyu available for iOS and Android, and functions as a collector game. A live-action television drama adaptation of the manga was announced in the \"\"Weekly Shōnen Champion\"\" magazine's 26th issue of 2016 and premiered on August 2016 on BS SKY PerfecTV!. The series is directed by Takayoshi Tanazawa and written by Kōta Fukihara. A sequel premiered on August 18, 2017 on BS SKY PerfecTV!. The series is also simulcasted with its Japanese broadcast on WakuWaku Japan in Indonesia, Myanmar, Singapore, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, and Mongolia. The \"\"Yowamushi Pedal\"\" manga won the Best",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8624749",
"chunk_text": "\"World Embryo\"\nIn Europe, the series is licensed in Italy by J-POP Edizioni, and in France by Kazé Manga (formerly Asuka). World Embryo At the start of the series, high-schooler Riku Amami receives a cellphone picture from his dead step sister Amane with a hospital in the background. When he visits the said building, he is attacked by electromagnetic monsters called \"\"Kanshu\"\", which travel and reproduce using cellphone signals: if a human hears his cellphone giving off an eerie static sound, his body is then gruesomely converted into a Kanshu or suffers irreversible infection. Riku is saved by two warriors, Rena and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6587930",
"chunk_text": "\"Napping Princess\"\non the company's motto, a combination of \"\"heart\"\" (kokoro) and \"\"wing\"\" (). During the credits, scenes of Momotarō and Ikumi's courtship, and the original tests of her software, are shown. The soundtrack for \"\"Napping Princess\"\" was composed by Yoko Shimomura, known for her work in video game music such as the \"\"Kingdom Hearts\"\" series, \"\"Final Fantasy XV\"\", \"\"Parasite Eve\"\", and \"\"Radiant Historia\"\". GKIDS released the English dub on Blu-Ray and DVD in North America on January 30, 2018. A short animated spin-off film, \"\"Ancien and the Magic Tablet: Another Princess\"\" was made available on the Japanese version of streaming service",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10297538",
"chunk_text": "\"Toro Inoue\"\nand its vast variety of face expressions. Toro's family name originated from a debugger called Toro 'Inoue' (井上 \"\"Inoue\"\"). Character profile: Toro first appeared in July 1999 as the main character (chatterbot) in the video game \"\"Doko Demo Issyo\"\" (also transliterated as \"\"Doko Demo Issho\"\" and meaning \"\"Together Anywhere\"\") on the Sony PlayStation, and included support for the PocketStation. In 2004, \"\"Dokodemo Issho\"\" was released on the PlayStation Portable, a free demo being available in the Japanese PlayStation Store. Toro stars in the PlayStation 3 title \"\"Mainichi Issho\"\" (\"\"Everyday Together\"\"), a talk show-like game where Toro delivers daily news together",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2354917",
"chunk_text": "\"Polkadot Stingray\"\nits leading track, \"\"Ichidaiji\"\", as the theme song to the live-action film adaptation of \"\"Missions of Love\"\". In September 2018, Polkadot Stingray announced that the song will be the theme song for the film \"\"Smartphone wo Otoshita Dake nano ni\"\". Polkadot Stingray is set to perform the ending theme to the anime series \"\"Radiant\"\" with the song \"\"Radiant.\"\" Polkadot Stingray In April 2014, vocalist and guitarist Shizuku, guitarist Muro, and drummer Kazuma Mitsuyasu founded the band and later scouted Yuki Uemura as their bassist in November. On April 29, 2015, they released , their first single. Shortly before the release",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7704946",
"chunk_text": "\"Keitai Denjū Telefang\"\nmobile phones equipped with a unique antenna called D-Shot which allows teleportation through \"\"antenna trees\"\". A 10-year-old boy named Shigeki finds one of these phones and is accidentally transported with another boy, Matsukiyo, to another world when he loses a baseball near an \"\"antenna tree\"\". This world is full of fantasy creatures called \"\"Denjū\"\", who all own a D-Shot and use them to call their friends to help them compete in battles. These phone battles are also known as Telefang. Shigeki becomes a T-Fanger and travels the \"\"Denjū\"\" world, trying to learn more about it. At the same time, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4772986",
"chunk_text": "\"Nanda Collection\"\nNanda Collection \"\"Ninja Re Bang Bang\"\" was used for the 2016 American film \"\"Sing\"\". The title of the album is an invented portmanteau of the expression \"\"nanda kore\"\" (なんだこれ), meaning \"\"what's this?\"\" in Japanese, and . The album was preceded by the release of the singles \"\"Fashion Monster\"\", \"\"Kimi ni 100 Percent\"\", \"\"Furisodation\"\", \"\"Ninja Re Bang Bang\"\" and \"\"Invader Invader\"\", which have all peaked within the top five of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Japan Hot 100. The two songs on the album, \"\"Kurakura\"\" (くらくら) and \"\"Noriko to Norio\"\" (のりことのりお) were used in commercials for KFC's Krushers and the mobile phone company au,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1501506",
"chunk_text": "\"Mobile phone games of the Breath of Fire series\"\nnew skills. In addition to battling, players must dodge traps and solve puzzles laden throughout each dungeon in order to advance, all while avoiding members of the pursuing Empire. The game was initially released in November 2007 for DoCoMo devices, and was later made available for au and SoftBank brand phones in 2008. Like the previous mobile title, is an action role-playing spin-off of \"\"Breath of Fire IV\"\". The game revolves around a group of Faeries who live in their own dimension known as Dream World, and have lost their town treasure, the Key of Light. As Ryu and Nina,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3486451",
"chunk_text": "\"Fantasy Life\"\n2: Two Moons and the Village of God\"\", which was originally set for release on Android and iOS devices in 2016. The game was later renamed \"\"Fantasy Life Online\"\", and suffered numerous delays over a period of three years, which pushed its release back to July 23, 2018, where it garnered over two million downloads in Japan within two weeks. Fantasy Life A re-release of the game, titled Fantasy Life Link!, was released in Japanese markets on July 25, 2013. New features include online play with friends, a rise in level cap, additional quests, and the ability to take screenshots,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5054732",
"chunk_text": "\"Edge of This World\"\nEdge of This World \"\"Edge of This World\"\" (stylized as \"\"EDGE OF THIS WORLD\"\") is a song recorded by Japanese singer Misia for her tenth studio album, \"\"Soul Quest\"\". It was released by Ariola Japan in truetone format on April 14, 2011 and as a digital single on April 28, 2011. It is the theme song to the anime film adaption of \"\"King of Thorn\"\". \"\"Edge of This World\"\" was composed in the key of E minor and set to a common time tempo of 123 beats per minute. Misia's vocals span from A to D. The song was created",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11602444",
"chunk_text": "\"Future Diary\"\ntheme is \"\"Happy End\"\" by Faylan. Kadokawa Shoten produced a visual novel based on the manga titled for the PlayStation Portable, was released on January 28, 2010 in Japan. A re-release with new graphics, artwork and featuring the voice actors from the anime was released on April 26, 2012. An 11-episode live action drama titled \"\"\"\" aired between April 21 and June 30, 2012 on Fuji TV. The TV series has an original plot line that differs from the manga and anime. The opening theme is \"\"Another World\"\" by Ko Shibasaki. During mid-November 2008, the seventh volume of the \"\"Future",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1067949",
"chunk_text": "\"S (Suzuki novel)\"\nS (Suzuki novel) S is the fifth novel in the Ring series by Koji Suzuki. It served as the basis of the film \"\"Sadako 3D\"\". The novel was released in English on December 19, 2017 under the title \"\"S (Es)\"\". It was also released in French on April 10, 2014, and is sold under the title \"\"Sadako\"\". Following on the story told in the series of novels that began with the runaway bestseller Ring, this work starts with 28-year-old image processing specialist Takanori Ando being handed a USB memory stick by the president of the CG production company where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13675992",
"chunk_text": "\"Digimon Universe: App Monsters\"\nDigimon Universe: App Monsters An anime adaptation of the franchise was animated by Toei Animation, produced by Dentsu, directed by Gō Koga and written by Yōichi Katō (\"\"Mushibugyo\"\", \"\"Yo-kai Watch\"\") with character designs by Kenichi Ōnuki (\"\"Gundam Build Fighters\"\"). It began airing on all TXN stations in Japan on October 1, 2016, replacing \"\"Time Travel Girl\"\" in its original time slot. The series' theme revolves around technological singularity and artificial intelligence, a theme shared with the Appmons and the dangers of technology when used unwisely. In the year 2045, technology has finally evolved to a degree of prosperity for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15292034",
"chunk_text": "\"Eighth World\"\nEighth World Eighth World (stylized as EIGH\"\"th\"\" WØR\"\"l\"\"D) is Misia's eighth studio album and first since signing back with BMG Japan, released on January 9, 2008. It includes the singles \"\"Any Love\"\" and \"\"Royal Chocolate Flush\"\" as well as the J-Wave \"\"Winter Campaign Holy December, Be in Love with J-Wave\"\" image song and theme song to the Japanese release of the movie \"\"Bridge to Terabithia\"\", \"\"To Be in Love\"\". The first pressing of the album came in a sleeve case packaging. The album is certified Gold for shipment of 100,000 copies. The title \"\"Eighth World\"\" was chosen because of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2260380",
"chunk_text": "\"I Dream of Mimi\"\ncomputer - only to find out they are sold out. He then finds what he thinks is the same model number in an alley, and buys the large boxed-up machine from a shady character nearby. When he gets home, Akira is shocked to find that his new computer is a bio-android shaped like a pretty young lady. He is even more shocked when she tells him that she constantly needs his semen to refresh her physical memory. In tankoban page order. The series was republished as two tankoban: I Dream of Mimi I Dream of Mimi, known as in Japan,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16673670",
"chunk_text": "\"The Girl in Twilight\"\nMX, and YTV. It is also available on multiple streaming services. Sentai Filmworks has licensed the series and is streaming it on Hidive. The project also includes a free-to-play mobile game tie-in. The game shares the same writer, character designer, concept artist, composer, and main theme song writer as the anime. The game was released on iOS and Android. The Girl in Twilight The Girl in Twilight, known in Japan as , is a multimedia franchise celebrating the 20th anniversary of the Animax channel. An anime television series ran from October 1 to December 17, 2018. The project also includes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3031835",
"chunk_text": "\"Science Adventure\"\nfurther realism to the story. The concept of the phone system used in \"\"Steins;Gate\"\" was created by Tatsuya Matsuhara at 5pb., who at first wanted the game to make use of the player's own cell phone, but changed the idea due to concerns that it might have gone against Japanese privacy laws. Abo noted that while all the games are part of one series, their sound have different images; comparing them to weather, he called \"\"Chaos;Head\"\" rainy, \"\"Steins;Gate\"\" cloudy, \"\"Robotics;Notes\"\" clear weather, and \"\"Chaos;Child\"\" stormy. He used the same process for all of them when composing the music: he started",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16673667",
"chunk_text": "\"The Girl in Twilight\"\nThe Girl in Twilight The Girl in Twilight, known in Japan as , is a multimedia franchise celebrating the 20th anniversary of the Animax channel. An anime television series ran from October 1 to December 17, 2018. The project also includes a free-to-play mobile game. Animax announced the project on March 22, 2018, as a celebration of the channel's 20th anniversary. The anime television series is directed by Jin Tamamura and Yūichi Abe and written by Shogo Yasukawa, based on a concept by Kotaro Uchikoshi. Hiroshi Yamamoto is credited for writing the series' \"\"SF setting\"\". The series is animated by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14909333",
"chunk_text": "\"The Idolmaster Shiny Festa\"\ngranted access to an online merchandise store, a product code for the song \"\"The World is All One!\"\" to be used in the games, and a serial number that granted a special \"\"Shiny Festa\"\" version of Haruka Amami for use in \"\"The Idolmaster Cinderella Girls\"\". In conjunction with the release, peripheral manufacturer Hori released a set of accessories with \"\"Shiny Festa\"\" designs; the set includes three cases for the games' Universal Media Discs, a protective casing, and decorative stickers for the PSP's 3000 model. The games were later released in English for iOS devices on April 22, 2013, and became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8032034",
"chunk_text": "\"Final Fantasy Dimensions II\"\nFinal Fantasy Dimensions II Final Fantasy Dimensions II, also known as in Japan, is a free-to-play game developed by Matrix Software and published by Square Enix for Android and iOS devices. It is the second game released in Japan with the \"\"Final Fantasy Legends\"\" title after \"\"Final Fantasy Legends: Hikari to Yami no Senshi\"\" (which was localized worldwide under the name \"\"Final Fantasy Dimensions\"\"). It revolves around traveling through time in order to save the world from a god. It was later re-branded on November 2, 2016 as Final Fantasy Legends II in Japan. On October 31, 2017, the old",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5073342",
"chunk_text": "\"The World Ends with You\"\n2012, while an enhanced port for the Nintendo Switch was released worldwide in 2018 under the title The World Ends with You: Final Remix. In the game, Neku Sakuraba and his allies are forced to participate in a game that will determine their fate. The battle system uses many of the unique features of the Nintendo DS, including combat that takes place on both screens, and attacks performed by certain motions on the touchscreen or by shouting into the microphone. Elements of Japanese youth culture, such as fashion, food, and cell phones, are key aspects of the missions. \"\"The World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18545060",
"chunk_text": "\"World of Final Fantasy\"\nweek. By November 18, 2016, the PlayStation Vita version had sold 68,924 copies in Japan, whilst the PlayStation 4 version had sold 71,459 In the United Kingdom, it charted at #11 after its first week of retail sales. \"\"PlayStation Blog\"\" awarded \"\"World of Final Fantasy\"\" award in the category of Best PS Vita Game. Ranked at a Platinum award. A short-lived mobile spinoff to \"\"World of Final Fantasy\"\", subtitled \"\"Meli-Melo\"\", was released in Japan in December 2017 for Android and iOS devices. In it, the player character could summon their own team of mirages to do battle with threats to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8245992",
"chunk_text": "\"Aquos Phone SH-06D\"\n(110 mm) 720p autostereoscopic display, a dual-core 1.2 GHz Texas Instruments OMAP system-on-chip with 1 GB of RAM, and 8 GB of internal storage that can be expanded via MicroSD. The device ships with Android 2.3 \"\"Gingerbread\"\" as its operating system. In March 2012, NTT Docomo unveiled a limited, \"\"Neon Genesis Evangelion\"\"-themed edition of the SH-06D known as the SH-06D NERV, intended as a tie-in for the then-upcoming \"\"Rebuild of Evangelion\"\" film \"\"\"\". While maintaining similarities to the standard model, the NERV edition features a slightly modified design with a different color scheme and a new rear cover with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15322291",
"chunk_text": "\"Good Luck Girl!\"\nMomiji is sent to the human world to target Ichiko and steal her Fortune energy in order to rebalance the world. The original manga by Yoshiaki Sukeno began serialization in Shueisha's \"\"Jump Square\"\" magazine from the July 2008 issue on June 4, 2008, and ended with the August 2013 issue on July 4, 2013. The series has been compiled into sixteen \"\"tankōbon\"\" volumes, published between November 4, 2008, and September 4, 2013. An anime adaptation by Sunrise aired in Japan between July 4 and September 26, 2012, and was licensed by Funimation Entertainment. The opening theme is \"\"Make My Day!\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17278976",
"chunk_text": "\"Buddy Complex\"\n27, 2014. A separate manga based on the smartphone game also began serialization on January 27 in ASCII Media Works' \"\"Dengeki Maoh\"\". The compiled volume was released in Japan on September 27, 2014 A free-to-play multi-player smartphone game titled was released by Bandai Namco Games for iOS and Android devices in Japan on March 7, 2014 with theme song \"\"Orbital Line\"\" by Erica Masaki. Buddy Complex Buddy Complex revolves around the main character, Aoba Watase, an ordinary high school boy. He lived an average, everyday life commuting to high school in the city. On the first day back after summer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "646792",
"chunk_text": "\"Like Life\"\nof them walk together to which they both attend. One day at school, many strange transfer students arrive at school: all over town, objects start turning into girls, though they still retain some form of what they used to be on their person. Kazuma's mobile phone is no exception and turns into a girl he names Himeko Kōsaka. The concept of giving moe traits to inanimate objects is known as moe anthropomorphism. \"\"Like Life\"\" was first introduced to the public in Japan on May 28, 2004 as a CD-ROM playable on Windows. A version for the PlayStation 2, retaining its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6976183",
"chunk_text": "\"Ima Sugu Oniichan ni Imōto da tte Iitai!\"\nsecond half of the story. The character designer and artist is Yū Akinashi, the music is by Elements Garden, the music producer Shigeru Saitō, and the script is by Kō Katagi. The PlayStation Vita version of the game received a total score of 27/40 by Famitsu. It was the 574th best selling video game of the year in Japan in 2014, with 6,068 units sold. Ima Sugu Oniichan ni Imōto da tte Iitai! , also known as for short, with the tagline \"\"I wanna say that I'm not your brother right now!\"\", is a Japanese visual novel developed by Fairys,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6976181",
"chunk_text": "\"Ima Sugu Oniichan ni Imōto da tte Iitai!\"\nIma Sugu Oniichan ni Imōto da tte Iitai! , also known as for short, with the tagline \"\"I wanna say that I'm not your brother right now!\"\", is a Japanese visual novel developed by Fairys, a sister brand of Sprite, the creators of \"\"Love, Elections & Chocolate\"\". It was released on December 14, 2012 playable on Windows PCs and is rated all ages. The game takes place before the events of \"\"Love, Elections & Chocolate\"\", and features two of the heroines from that game: Chisato Sumiyoshi and Satsuki Shinonome. The story revolves around the protagonist Rikuto Mitani, whose father remarried",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9642750",
"chunk_text": "\"Cell phone novel\"\nnovels are gaining worldwide popularity on broader subjects. Rather than appearing in printed form, the literature is typically sent directly to the reader via email, SMS text message, or subscription through an online writing and sharing website, chapter by chapter. Japanese Internet ethos regarding mobile phone novels is dominated by pen names and forged identities. Therefore, identities of the Japanese authors of mobile phone novels are rarely disclosed. Japanese cell phone novels were also downloaded in short installments and run on handsets as Java-based mobile applications in three different formats: WMLD, JAVA and TXT. Maho i-Land is the largest Japanese",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16104884",
"chunk_text": "\"Harmonia (visual novel)\"\nEstrada felt that the English translation was \"\"slightly off\"\", with text that seemed less poetic than what might have been intended with its Japanese counterpart. Harmonia (visual novel) Harmonia is a Japanese post-apocalyptic visual novel developed by Key, a brand of VisualArt's. It was released on September 23, 2016 for Windows on Steam, and was available in English before its Japanese release on December 29, 2016. The story is set in a world where artificially intelligent, emotional androids called Phiroids were developed before a rapid decline in human civilization. An emotionless young man named Rei with a mechanical right hand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12616297",
"chunk_text": "\"Your Name\"\nother when their trains draw parallel, and are compelled to disembark and search for one another, finally meeting on a staircase. Feeling they have met before, they simultaneously ask for each other's name. In Makoto Shinkai's proposal sent to Toho in September 14, 2014, the film was originally titled , derived from a passage in a waka, or \"\"Japanese poem\"\", attributed to Ono no Komachi. Its title changed to and before becoming \"\"Kimi no Na Wa\"\". Inspiration for the story came from works including Shūzō Oshimi's \"\"Inside Mari\"\", \"\"Ranma ½\"\", the Heian period novel \"\"Torikaebaya Monogatari\"\", and Greg Egan's short",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15151590",
"chunk_text": "\"Your Name\"\ntheir phones, and sometimes on each other's skin. Mitsuha causes Taki to develop a relationship with his coworker Miki, while Taki causes Mitsuha to become popular in school. One day, Taki, as Mitsuha, accompanies her grandmother and sister to leave the ritual alcohol \"\"kuchikamizake\"\", made by Mitsuha, as an offering at the shrine on a mountaintop outside the town. The shrine is believed to represent the body of the village guardian god who rules human experiences and connections. Mitsuha's latest note tells Taki about a comet expected to pass Earth on the day of her town festival. Next day, Taki",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10198761",
"chunk_text": "\"Final Fantasy IV\"\nAll later localizations, which began to appear after \"\"Final Fantasy VII\"\" (released worldwide under that title), used the original title. With its character-driven plot, use of new technologies, and critically acclaimed score by Nobuo Uematsu, \"\"Final Fantasy IV\"\" is regarded as a landmark of the series and of the role-playing genre. The various incarnations of the game have sold more than four million copies worldwide. A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released for Japanese mobile phones in 2008, and worldwide via the Wii Shop Channel on June 1, 2009. In 2011, both \"\"Final Fantasy IV\"\" and \"\"The After Years\"\" were released for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7958975",
"chunk_text": "Isekai\nwell in their own anime-style novel contest in 2017. Isekai The subgenre can be characterized as wish fulfillment, with the person being transported often being a NEET, hikikomori, or gamer. In the new fantasy world, they are able to succeed through use of their comparatively unimportant-in-real-life genre knowledge, or gaming skills through the use of a game interface only they can access. Their power can range from tremendous magical abilities surpassing anyone else, as in \"\"In Another World With My Smartphone\"\", to relatively weak, as in \"\"\"\", where the protagonist does not gain any special power beyond the ability to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_422
|
when did the government change the retirement age?
|
n/a
|
[
"2015"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979683",
"chunk_text": "\"Mandatory retirement\"\nthe Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006, the UK Labour Government introduced a Default Retirement Age, whereby employers are able to terminate or deny employment to people over 65 without a reason. A legal challenge to this failed in September 2009, although a review of the legislation was expected in 2010 by the new Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition government. This review has taken place and on 17 February 2011 BIS published the draft Regulations abolishing the Default Retirement Age. The draft Regulations were later revised and the final version was laid before Parliament on 1 March 2011. As of 6 April 2011,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11517134",
"chunk_text": "Retirement\nlate 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto von Bismarck. A person may retire at whatever age they please. However, a country's tax laws or state old-age pension rules usually mean that in a given country a certain age is thought of as the \"\"standard\"\" retirement age. The \"\"standard\"\" retirement age varies from country to country but it is generally between 50 and 70 (according to latest statistics, 2011). In some countries this age is different for males and females, although this has recently been challenged in some countries (e.g., Austria), and in some countries the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492159",
"chunk_text": "\"Retirement age\"\nRetirement age This article lists the statutory retirement age in different countries. In some contexts, the retirement age is the age at which a person is expected or required to cease work and is usually the age at which they may be entitled to receive superannuation or other government benefits, like a state pension. Policy makers usually consider the demography, fiscal cost of ageing, health, life expectancy, nature of profession, supply of labour force etc. while deciding the retirement age. Many of the countries listed in the table below are in the process of reforming the ages (see the notes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979669",
"chunk_text": "\"Retirement age\"\nbeing equalised. Retirement age This article lists the statutory retirement age in different countries. In some contexts, the retirement age is the age at which a person is expected or required to cease work and is usually the age at which they may be entitled to receive superannuation or other government benefits, like a state pension. Policy makers usually consider the demography, fiscal cost of ageing, health, life expectancy, nature of profession, supply of labour force etc. while deciding the retirement age. Many of the countries listed in the table below are in the process of reforming the ages (see",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979668",
"chunk_text": "\"Retirement age\"\nslowly when the retirement age (or pension age) is increased, with grandfathering ensuring a gradual change. In contrast, when the age of retirement is decreased, changes are often brought about rapidly. One such example of grandfathering are the transitional pension rules which were applied for staff aged 54 years or older, and to some extent for all staff in place, when in 2014 the retirement age of European civil servants was increased to 66 years of age. Men either retire later than women or at the same time. This is being addressed in some countries where the retirement ages are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12918208",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions crisis\"\nbeen wound up. The government has appointed an enquiry to look at ways of ensuring that a major increase in poverty in the coming decades can be avoided. Suggestions have included compulsory pensions and increasing the retirement age to 70. In October 2017 the UK Government implemented a mandatory automatic enrolment system where full-time employees and employers have to be make contributions to a workplace pension scheme. The UK Government commissioned an independent review of the State pension age by John Cridlandand in 2017, amongst other measures, it proposed increasing the state pension age to 68 and removing the triple",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11291150",
"chunk_text": "\"Income drawdown\"\nof pension funds\"\" dates back to the Finance Act 1921. A requirement to annuitise between the ages of 60 and 70 was introduced by the Finance Act 1956. The upper age limit was increased to 75 by the Finance Act 1976. From 1995, in response to falling annuity rates, income drawdown was introduced as an alternative way of drawing an income and, under the original rules, purchasing an annuity no later than the 75th birthday. The limits for withdrawal, set by the Inland Revenue, using annuity rates calculated by the Government Actuary's Department (GAD), set limits to the withdrawals based",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979667",
"chunk_text": "\"Retirement age\"\nwill retire in January 2023 at age 62; those born in January 1967 will retire in January 2030 at age 63). The average of statutory retirement age in the 34 countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2014 was males 65 years and females 63.5 years, but the tendency all over the world is to increase the retirement age. This is also reflected by the findings that just over half the Asian investors surveyed region-wide said they agreed with raising the retirement age, with a quarter disagreeing and the remainder undecided. Reforms tend to be phased-in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16483212",
"chunk_text": "\"Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006\"\nSignificant issues addressed by the legislation include the provision of a national default retirement age set at 65 (to be retained for at least 5 years) and the ability for employees to request work beyond the retirement age following procedure in schedule 6 of the Regulations. A legal challenge to the Default Retirement Age (\"\"DRA\"\") brought by the charity Age UK failed in September 2009, with the judge finding that the Regulations did not breach the European Union's Equal Treatment at Work Directive. The Coalition government announced in July 2010 that it intends to eliminate the DRA from October 2011.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11733803",
"chunk_text": "\"History of retirement\"\nHistory of retirement Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. There had been a long practice beginning in the Roman empire to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15319398",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in the United Kingdom\"\nAct brought forward the increase, so that state pension age for both men and women will begin rising from 65 in December 2018 to reach 66 by October 2020. As a result of bringing forward the increase to 66, the timetable contained in the PA 1995 for equalising women's and men's state pension ages at 65 by April 2020 will be accelerated, so that the women's state pension age reaches 65 by November 2018. The Act introduced amendments to primary legislation to amend the regulatory framework for the duty on employers to automatically enrol eligible workers into a qualifying pension",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979682",
"chunk_text": "\"Mandatory retirement\"\nAge 65 is when federal Old Age Security pension benefits begin, and most private and public retirement plans have been designed to provide income to the person starting at 65 (an age is needed to select premium payments by contributors to be able to calculate how much money is available to retirees when they leave the program by retiring). All judges in Canada are subject to mandatory retirement, at 70 or 75 depending on the court. Federal senators cease to hold their seats at 75. Mandatory retirement of federally regulated employees is prohibited as of December 2012. In October 2006",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11517133",
"chunk_text": "Retirement\nand hard ideological, social, cultural and political battles have been fought over whether this is a right. In many western countries this right is mentioned in national constitutions. Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, humans had an average life expectancy between 26 and 40 years. In consequence, only a small percentage of the population reached an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Countries began to adopt government policies on retirement during the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3236853",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal Employees Retirement System\"\nFederal Employees Retirement System The Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) is the retirement system for employees within the United States civil service. FERS became effective January 1, 1987 to replace the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) and to conform federal retirement plans in line with those in the private sector. FERS consists of three major components: Since January 1, 1984, employees with fewer than 5 years of nonmilitary experience on December 31, 1986 were covered under interim retirement rules under which they were covered by both CSRS and the Social Security system. They made reduced payments to the CSRS (1.3",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18831273",
"chunk_text": "\"European Civil Service\"\nwere put in place for staff in place on 1 January 2014, which included setting the pensionable age for staff between 55 and 60 years of age on 1 January 2014 to lie between 60 and 61 years. Transition measures applied also to early retirement: Staff already aged 54 years or older on 1 January 2014 could still retire, with application of the pension reduction coefficient, in 2014 or 2015 at the age of 56 years or in 2016 at the age of 57 years. Before 1 May 2004, the pensionable age had been 60 years, and when this age",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19163665",
"chunk_text": "\"National Service Act 1948\"\nprovide. Discussions were soon started in parliament on a new National Service Act with a first such act being approved in July 1947. This first version was to come into force on 1 January 1949 and established the period of National Service to 12 months. However, financial crises, the advent of the Cold War and the Malayan Emergency caused the act to be amended before coming into force. The amendment was approved in December 1948, with the date in which it would come into force still being 1 January 1949. The act changed the age range from 18–41 to 17–21,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15319393",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in the United Kingdom\"\nto claim state pension; from April 2010 the age for women is gradually being harmonised to match that for men. Longer-term, the retirement age for both men and women will rise to 68 by no later than 2046 and possibly much earlier. The basic state pension, then known as the \"\"Old Age Pension\"\" was introduced in the United Kingdom (which included all of Ireland at that time) in January 1909. A pension of 5 shillings per week (25p, equivalent, using the Consumer Price Index, to £ in present-day terms), or 7s.6d per week (equivalent to £ today) for a married",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6649283",
"chunk_text": "\"Old age\"\ncommunity. German chancellor Otto von Bismarck created the world's first comprehensive government social safety net in the 1880s, providing for old age pensions. In the United States of America, and the United Kingdom, 65 (UK 60 for women) was traditionally the age of retirement with full old age benefits. In 2003, the age at which a United States citizen became eligible for full Social Security benefits began to increase gradually, and will continue to do so until it reaches 67 in 2027. Full retirement age for Social Security benefits for people retiring in 2012 is age 66. In the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8110802",
"chunk_text": "\"History of retirement\"\nbut still working for 15-20 more years. History of retirement Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. There had been a long",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5907101",
"chunk_text": "\"Old age\"\nbecome available. In commercial contexts, where it may serve as a marketing device to attract customers, the age is often significantly lower. In the United States, the standard retirement age is currently 66 (gradually increasing to 67). In Canada, the OAS (Old Age Security) pension is available at 65 (the Conservative government of Stephen Harper had planned to gradually increase the age of eligibility to 67, starting in the years 2023–2029, although the Liberal government of Justin Trudeau is considering leaving it at 65), and the CPP (Canada Pension Plan) as early as age 60. The AARP allows couples in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511846",
"chunk_text": "\"Elderly people in Japan\"\n‘improvement systems’\"\" kaizen in order \"\"to ensure the motivation and performance of elderly workers through various adaptations of their work content and environment\"\". As Japan's population ages, the financial health of the public pension plan deteriorates. To avoid massive increases in premiums, the government reformed the system in 1986 by cutting benefit levels and raising the plan's specified age at which benefits began from 60 to 65. Under the revised system, contributions paid in equal share by employer and employee were expected to be equivalent to about 30% of wages, as opposed to 40% of wages under the old system.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19728427",
"chunk_text": "\"Morrison Government\"\nage at which Australians can receive the age pension back to 67, from an age of 70, which had been government policy since the 2014 Australian federal budget. In September 2018, the base Newstart rate was raised by $2.20 per week, but further increases to Newstart have been ruled out by Scott Morrison, who has stated that it is a \"\"very expensive undertaking\"\". The Liberal and Labor parties voted for a bill which would enforce a wait of four years before new migrants could receive social security payments. Morrison boosted the government's aged care funding by $90 million, mainly focusing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20423441",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 French pension reform strikes\"\nits public policies (see French General Review of Public Policies) and one of the key proposals made in order to reduce government expenditure includes postponing the national retirement age. In 1983, François Mitterrand's government reduced the retirement age from 65 to 60. The current government plans to raise the normal retirement age for public pensions from 65 to 67 and early reduced pensions from age 60 to 62. This may allow a reduction in public spending. Some people in the working population are opposed to this change. Workers' associations thus organized several strikes. The size of the strikes also reflects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2784254",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in Spain\"\nin Europe after Greece and amount to approximately 81% of final salary levels. While the social security system collected 80Bn€ in contributions in 2010 it paid out 82 Bn€ in pensions. In January 2011 the government, employers and trade unions agreed on a series of reforms that will increase the retirement age by 2 years from 65 to 67 years. The new minimum age will come into effect in 2027. Private pensions in Spain generally consist of individual pensions and collective pensions (divided into associative and company schemes). Approximately 50% of the population are covered by one or both types.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8383528",
"chunk_text": "\"State Pension (United Kingdom)\"\n2020. Under the Pensions Act 2007, the SPA for both men and women will be raised to 68 between 2044 and 2046. Under the Pensions Act 2014, the Government brought forward the rise in State Pension age to 67 for both men and women to 6 April 2028. Details are as follows. It is possible to defer claiming a State Pension at SPA. For individuals who reached SPA before 6 April 2016, deferred pensions are increased by 1% for every 5 weeks that the pension is not claimed (approximately 10.4% per year). Alternatively pensioners who have deferred their pension can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979666",
"chunk_text": "\"Retirement age\"\nin the table for details). The ages in the table show when an individual retires if they retire/have retired in the year given in the table; the trend in some countries is that in the future the age will increase gradually (where available, explanations are given in the section on notes), therefore one's year of birth determines when one has the age of retirement (e.g. in Romania women born in January 1955 had the retirement age in January 2015 at age 60; those born in January 1958 will retire in January 2019 at age 61; those born in January 1961",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14739177",
"chunk_text": "\"State Pension (United Kingdom)\"\nState Pension (United Kingdom) The State Pension is part of the United Kingdom Government's pension arrangements. Benefits vary depending on the age of the individual and their contribution record. The basic State Pension (alongside the Graduated Retirement Benefit, the State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme, and the State Second Pension) is payable to men born before 6 April 1951, and to women born before 6 April 1953. The maximum amount payable is £125.95 a week (9 April 2018 - 7 April 2019). The new State Pension is payable to men born on or after 6 April 1951, and to women born on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979680",
"chunk_text": "\"Mandatory retirement\"\nlater period if the worker has not shirked his duties or responsibilities in the first period (assuming a competitive market). In Australia, compulsory retirement is generally unlawful throughout the various State and Territory jurisdictions in Australia. However, there are some exemptions. For instance, permanent members of the Australian Defence Force must retire at the age of 60 and reservists at 65. Since the passage of a constitutional amendment in 1977, judges on federal courts are required to retire at the age of 70. The Constitution of Brazil says in Article 40, Paragraph 1, Item II, that all public servants in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9360823",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in the United Kingdom\"\nRegulator and relaxing the stringency of minimum funding requirements for pensions, while ensuring protection for insolvent businesses. In a major update of the state pension, the Pensions Act 2007 aligned and raised retirement ages. Since then, the Pensions Act 2008 has set up automatic enrolment for occupational pensions, and a public competitor designed to be a low-cost and efficient fund manager, called the National Employment Savings Trust (or \"\"Nest\"\"). The Act amended the timetable for increasing the state pension age to 66. Under the PA 2007, the increase to 66 was due to take effect between 2024 and 2026. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11539524",
"chunk_text": "\"Guaranteed Minimum Pension\"\nState Pension Age from April 2016 to 5 December 2018. In response to the introduction of the new State Pension in April 2016, the government will continue to price protect the Guaranteed Minimum Pension of public sector workers. This means that those who reach State Pension Age on or after 6 April 2016 and before 6 December 2018 – when the State Pension Age equalises – will receive a fully indexed public service pension for their whole life. A further announcement was made by the Treasury on 28 November 2016. This is still ongoing at 15 October 2017. If you",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12970484",
"chunk_text": "\"François Mitterrand\"\nwage-earners who had contributed to a pension fund for 37.5 years became eligible to retire on a full pension. This right was extended to the self-employed in 1984 and to farmers in 1986. People who had retired at the age of 60 were, however, not initially eligible for reductions on public transport until they reached the age of 65. The qualifying age for these reductions was, however, reduced to 62 in 1985. A number of illegal immigrants had their position regularized under the Socialists and the conditions pertaining to residence and work permits were eased. Educational programmes were implemented to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1438959",
"chunk_text": "\"Forty-first Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\n1 September 1976. The bill received assent from then President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed on 7 September 1976, and came into force on the same day. It was notified in \"\"The Gazette of India\"\" on 9 September 1976. Forty-first Amendment of the Constitution of India The Forty-first Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Forty-first Amendment) Act, 1976, raised the age of retirement of the Chairman and members of the State Public Service Commissions from 60 to 62 years, by amending article 316(2) of the Constitution. The relevant amended text of clause (2) of article 316, after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13776504",
"chunk_text": "\"Social Security debate in the United States\"\nthe law now to explicitly raise future taxes or constrain future benefits.\"\" He discusses the 1983 Social Security amendments that followed the Greenspan Commission's recommendations. It was the Commission's recommendations that provided political cover for both political parties to act. The changes approved by President Reagan in 1983 were phased in over time and included raising the retirement age from 65 to 67, taxation of benefits, cost of living adjustment (COLA) delays, and inclusion of new federal hires in the program. There was a key point during the debate when House members were forced to choose between raising the retirement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2784259",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in Spain\"\nSpain pension system, reforms and austerity measures have sought to reduce the generosity of the state’s pension benefits and create incentives and changes to keep older workers in the labor force for a longer period. One of Spain’s key reforms to implement this policy is to increase the retirement age from 65 to 67 over a number of years, but this change will occur gradually over a 14 year period that started in 2013 and will end in 2027. The retirement age will increase by a month and a half each year up to the end date, and is being",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14833977",
"chunk_text": "\"Social security in Australia\"\nthe duration of the preclusion period if it is satisfied that there exist special circumstances that make an individual's case out of the ordinary: for example, extreme financial hardship. The Age Pension was the first payment made by the Commonwealth Government, dating back to 1909. It is available to persons aged 65 years and over. The eligibility age is currently being progressively increased to a cap of 67 years old. Except for the mandatory superannuation scheme, workers do not contribute to a pension or insurance scheme in Australia, unlike pension schemes in many other countries. Taxpayer-funded pensions are means tested.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6649284",
"chunk_text": "\"Old age\"\nKingdom, the state pension age for men and women will rise to 66 in 2020 with further increases scheduled after that.\"\" Originally, the purpose of old age pensions was to prevent elderly persons from being reduced to beggary, which is still common in some underdeveloped countries, but growing life expectancies and older populations have brought into question the model under which pension systems were designed. By 1990, the United States was spending 30 per cent of its budget on the elderly, compared with 2 per cent on education. The dominant perception of the American old age population changed from \"\"needy\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15580389",
"chunk_text": "\"Judicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993\"\nJudicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993 The Judicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that strengthened the mandatory retirement provisions previously instituted by the Judicial Pensions Act 1959 for members of the British judiciary. While the 1959 Act forbade service past age 75 by any judges appointed thereafter (Lord Denning being the last exempt jurist in England retiring in 1982 and John Cameron, Lord Cameron in Scotland, retired 1985), the 1993 Act made the ordinary retirement age 70, and while enabling a minister (presumably the Lord Chancellor) to allow individual judges",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6801320",
"chunk_text": "\"British North America Acts\"\n\"\"Constitution Act, 1960\"\". This Act extended the Federal government's jurisdiction over pensions to include those of survivor's benefits and disability benefits while continuing to allow the Provinces to have their own pension programs. This amendment to the BNA Act made the Canada Pension Plan possible. In 1982, this Act was renamed the \"\"Constitution Act, 1964\"\". This was the second of the British North America Acts to be enacted by the Parliament of Canada. This was made possible by the provisions of the British North America (No. 2) Act, 1949. This Act established a mandatory retirement age of 75 for all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10979678",
"chunk_text": "\"Mandatory retirement\"\nMandatory retirement Mandatory retirement also known as enforced retirement, is the set age at which people who hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law to leave their employment, or retire. Typically, mandatory retirement is justified by the argument that certain occupations are either too dangerous (military personnel) or require high levels of physical and mental skill (air traffic controllers, airline pilots). Most rely on the notion that a worker's productivity declines significantly after age 70, and the mandatory retirement is the employer's way to avoid reduced productivity. However, since the age at which retirement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6367679",
"chunk_text": "\"Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974\"\nERISA. On September 12, 1972, NBC broadcast an hour-long television special, \"\"Pensions: The Broken Promise\"\", that showed millions of Americans the consequences of poorly funded pension plans and onerous vesting requirements. In the following years, Congress held a series of public hearings on pension issues and public support for pension reform grew significantly. ERISA was enacted in 1974 and signed into law by President Gerald Ford on September 2, 1974, Labor Day. In the years since 1974, ERISA has been amended repeatedly. ERISA does not require employers to establish pension plans. Likewise, as a general rule, it does not require",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17885855",
"chunk_text": "\"Howe Yoon Chong\"\nthe report that took 20 months to finalise remains an important document with its forward-looking strategies to support Singapore's greying population. Taking up the suggestions in the report, the Singapore Government subsequently introduced the Minimum Sum scheme. This allows workers to withdraw some of their CPF funds at age 55, setting aside a certain minimum sum which can only be withdrawn at retirement age, currently at 62 years. To encourage the employment of aged workers, the CPF contribution rates for both employer and the aged employee were cut in July 1988. In 1993, the government raised the retirement age to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2988192",
"chunk_text": "\"Labour government, 1974–1979\"\nHousing Action Areas declared. An Act of March 1977 makes provision, for a limited period, for benefits to be paid from the age of 64 to workers who agree to retire in order to free jobs for young unemployed people, in response to the rise of youth unemployment. A number of other improvements were introduced in 1977, with Attendance Allowances extended to cover handicapped foster children and non-contributory disablement pensions extended to married women whose invalidity prevented them from carrying out their household tasks. In January 1977, regulations were issued which brought about a change in the administration of legislation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20907043",
"chunk_text": "\"Pensions in the Republic of Ireland\"\ntest evaluates a citizens cash income, capital (excluding their home), and income derived from personally used property. The Social Welfare and Pensions Act of 2011 made changes to the qualifications needed for both the Contributory and Non-Contributory State Pensions. The act rose the qualifying age from 66 in a stepwise manner. Those born after 1 January 1955, but before 1 January 1961 are now are eligible to collect their state pension at 67. All those born after 1 January 1961 will be eligible to collect their pensions at 68. Raising the pension eligibility age of pensions is a contentious issue,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8383527",
"chunk_text": "\"State Pension (United Kingdom)\"\na Social Security Agreement with the UK that includes British pension uprating. Pensioners living in other overseas countries without a current agreement have their pensions frozen at the rate in effect on the date when they left the UK, or on the date when they applied for a pension, whichever is later. The state pension age (SPA) is presently 65 for men. Under the Pensions Act 1995, the SPA for women is in the process of being increased from 60 to 65. The Pensions Act 2011 will raise the SPA to 66 for both men and women by 6 October",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11291154",
"chunk_text": "\"Income drawdown\"\n(largely enforced by HMRC); and pension providers and Independent Financial Adviser advising on pension planning are regulated by the UK Financial Conduct Authority. The effect of the regulations is that income withdrawal comes in two forms - capped drawdown and flexible drawdown. So in practical terms drawdown pension can be paid one or more of three ways: In the March 2014 Budget, George Osborne announced that from 6 April 2015, there would no longer be any restrictions for those wishing to access their pensions. This permits unlimited withdrawals from the pension fund from the age of 55. All withdrawals are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11044796",
"chunk_text": "\"Welfare in New Zealand\"\nthe likes of manual workers who were worn out and still poor at the age of 60. The Third Labour government introduced a compulsory superannuation scheme in 1975, according to which employees and employers each contributed at least 4 per cent of gross earnings. Rob Muldoon's Third National government abolished the Labour scheme the following year, and in 1977 set up a universal (not means-tested) scheme called National Superannuation that paid 80% of the average wage to married people over 60. The age of eligibility became 61 in 1992, then gradually increased to 65 between 1993 and 2001. Those receiving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1615172",
"chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom government austerity programme\"\nState Pension has not been subject to austerity measures, being increased each year since 2011 by a minimum of 2.5% per annum. However, some people have been adversely affected financially in their 60s by the rise in the age at which the State Pension is first paid. The decision to equalise the State Pension ages of men and women was made by the government in 1995. From 2010 the women's State Pension age was steadily raised from 60 with the aim of matching that of men at 65 by 2018. An additional increase to 66 for both sexes is intended",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4140888",
"chunk_text": "Pension\nof time. In the United States, under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, any reduction factor less than or equal to the actuarial early retirement reduction factor is acceptable. Many DB plans include early retirement provisions to encourage employees to retire early, before the attainment of normal retirement age (usually age 65). Companies would rather hire younger employees at lower wages. Some of those provisions come in the form of additional \"\"temporary\"\" or \"\"supplemental benefits\"\", which are payable to a certain age, usually before attaining normal retirement age. Defined benefit plans may be either \"\"funded\"\" or \"\"unfunded\"\". In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19652292",
"chunk_text": "\"Pension policy in South Korea\"\neligibility requirement. The National Pension Scheme is the public pension scheme created in 1988 in South Korea. It is a part of Korea's Social Security Programs, and was established through the National Pension Act in 1986. In order for a person to qualify for pension, they must be at least 61 years old with at least ten years of contributions. Reduced early pension can be obtained at the age of 56. The normal pension age will be increased to 65 years by 2033, and reduced early pension will be increased to 60 years. The National Pension Scheme was created with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14594303",
"chunk_text": "\"It's Time (Australian campaign)\"\nage of seventy-five was abolished in 1973, and in 1975 the means test was abolished for all pensioners over the age of seventy. As a result of the welfare measures undertaken by the Whitlam Government, social expenditures as a percentage of GDP rose from 12.5% to 17.6% during its time in office. Needs-based funding for schools was implemented, spending on technical colleges (including the construction of residential accommodation for students) was significantly increased, and special initiatives for the handicapped, Aborigines, and isolated children were introduced. Farmers benefited from tariff cuts and additional markets established by the Whitlam Government's trade and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_423
|
who plays jill bigelow in line of duty?
|
n/a
|
[
"Polly Walker"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13673268",
"chunk_text": "\"Line of Duty\"\non BBC One. The story follows DS Kate Fleming (Vicky McClure), DS Steve Arnott (Martin Compston) and Superintendent Ted Hastings (Adrian Dunbar) as they investigate the actions of DCI Roseanne Huntley (Thandie Newton). The supporting characters include FC Tim Ifield (Jason Watkins), DC Jodie Taylor (Claudia Jessie), and DS Sam Railston (Aiysha Hart). As with the previous two series, the storyline is linked thematically to that of series 1. The fifth series is due to start filming in September 2018. The BBC announced the commission of a sixth series on 5 May 2017. Series one and two were created and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044146",
"chunk_text": "\"Vicky McClure\"\nEngland '86\"\" in 2011. She is also well known for her work as Detective Sergeant Kate Fleming in the BBC series \"\"Line of Duty\"\" and Karen White in ITV's \"\"Broadchurch\"\". Her other roles include \"\"Filth and Wisdom\"\" (2008), \"\"Hummingbird\"\" (2013), and \"\"Svengali\"\" (2013) as well as co-starring in BBC's \"\"The Replacement\"\" (2017). McClure was born in Wollaton, Nottingham. Her father was a joiner and her mother a hairdresser, and she has a younger sister. McClure was educated at the Fernwood Comprehensive School. From age three she took dance lessons, before at age 11 auditioning for the Central Junior Television Workshop",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18121851",
"chunk_text": "\"Jane Rossington\"\nJane Rossington Jane Rossington (born 5 March 1943) is a British actress, best known for her role as Jill Richardson in the soap opera \"\"Crossroads\"\". Born in Derby, Rossington's family moved to Sutton Coldfield when she was four years of age. The daughter of a bank manager, she attended Sutton Coldfield Grammar School and was an amateur actress, having trained in the Rose Bruford College of Speech and Drama, before appearing in repertory theatre in Sheffield and York. She was the only \"\"Crossroads\"\" original cast member to be in the first and last episode of the series. She was, however,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8271364",
"chunk_text": "\"Margaret Qualley\"\nMargaret Qualley Sarah Margaret Qualley (born October 23, 1994) is an American actress, dancer, and model known for playing Jill Garvey on the HBO television series \"\"The Leftovers\"\" and Mia Sutton in the 2017 film \"\"Death Note\"\". Qualley was born on October 23, 1994 in Montana. She is the daughter of Andie MacDowell, an actress and model, and Paul Qualley, a model, musician, contractor, and rancher. She has an older brother, Justin (born 1986), and an older sister, Rainey (born 1990). Rainey is also an actress, dancer, and model, as well as a singer-songwriter under the name Rainsford. The Qualley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2264924",
"chunk_text": "\"Amy Robbins\"\nOrmerod in \"\"The Royal\"\". The couple have two children. She is a first cousin once removed of ex-Beatle Paul McCartney and the younger sister of Ted Robbins and Kate Robbins, impressionist and actress. Robbins also has two other sisters and is the aunt of actress Emily Atack. Amy Robbins Amy Louise Robbins (born 18 February 1971) is an English stage, film and TV actress best known for her role as Dr. Jill Weatherill in the British television series \"\"The Royal\"\". Before her role in \"\"The Royal\"\" she played Police Sergeant Rachel James in the BBC One hospital drama \"\"Casualty\"\". Robbins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15846475",
"chunk_text": "\"Joy Brook\"\nJoy Brook Joy Brook (born Joy Beadle, 9 May 1969 in Scarborough, North Riding of Yorkshire) is an English actress who played DC Kerry Holmes in \"\"The Bill\"\" and Joanne Pearson in \"\"Peak Practice\"\". She has also appeared in \"\"The Thin Blue Line\"\", \"\"Dalziel and Pascoe\"\", \"\"Dream Team\"\" and \"\"Doctors\"\". She can currently be seen in the short \"\"Maltesers\"\" sponsor films that accompany \"\"Loose Women\"\" on \"\"ITV1\"\". She can currently be seen in the short \"\"Go Compare\"\" adverts on TV, and appeared as Dr. Melville in Emmerdale on 12 January 2018 In January 1999 she revealed that she was bisexual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19695556",
"chunk_text": "\"Amy Robbins\"\nAmy Robbins Amy Louise Robbins (born 18 February 1971) is an English stage, film and TV actress best known for her role as Dr. Jill Weatherill in the British television series \"\"The Royal\"\". Before her role in \"\"The Royal\"\" she played Police Sergeant Rachel James in the BBC One hospital drama \"\"Casualty\"\". Robbins has appeared in many TV series including \"\"EastEnders\"\", \"\"Holby City\"\", \"\"World's End\"\", \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\", \"\"Happiness\"\", \"\"My Hero\"\", \"\"Heartbeat\"\", \"\"Dalziel and Pascoe\"\", \"\"The Slammer\"\", \"\"Doctors\"\", \"\"People Like Us\"\", \"\"Holby City\"\", \"\"Hollyoaks\"\" and \"\"Noah's Ark\"\". The 1986 Granada Television sketch show \"\"Robbins\"\" featured her brother Ted Robbins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "819935",
"chunk_text": "\"Margaret Qualley\"\nwhole world.\"\" Margaret Qualley Sarah Margaret Qualley (born October 23, 1994) is an American actress, dancer, and model known for playing Jill Garvey on the HBO television series \"\"The Leftovers\"\" and Mia Sutton in the 2017 film \"\"Death Note\"\". Qualley was born on October 23, 1994 in Montana. She is the daughter of Andie MacDowell, an actress and model, and Paul Qualley, a model, musician, contractor, and rancher. She has an older brother, Justin (born 1986), and an older sister, Rainey (born 1990). Rainey is also an actress, dancer, and model, as well as a singer-songwriter under the name Rainsford.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7439371",
"chunk_text": "\"Zoë Eeles\"\nleading role in the BBC sitcom \"\"All Along the Watchtower\"\". In 2000, Eeles and Justin Pierre played two supporting characters (DC Sam Phillips and DS Dave Summers) to Christopher Ellison's DCI Frank Burnside in \"\"Burnside\"\", a spin-off from police drama \"\"The Bill\"\". Other major television roles followed, including the roles of Karen in \"\"Lucy Sullivan Is Getting Married\"\", Tina in \"\"Auf Wiedersehen, Pet\"\", and Annie Craig in \"\"Rockface\"\". Zoë Eeles Zoë Eeles (born 1975) is a Scottish actress. Eeles was born in Dumfries, Scotland and moved to Glasgow at the age of five. Her father Bert was a film editor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10276434",
"chunk_text": "\"Prime Suspect\"\nPrime Suspect Prime Suspect is a British police procedural television drama series devised by Lynda La Plante. It stars Helen Mirren as Jane Tennison, one of the first female Detective Chief Inspectors in Greater London's Metropolitan Police Service, who rises to the rank of Detective Superintendent while confronting the institutionalised sexism that exists within the police force. \"\"Prime Suspect\"\" focuses on a no-nonsense female Detective Chief Inspector (DCI), Jane Tennison (played by Helen Mirren), who is an officer in the Metropolitan Police, initially at the fictional Southampton Row police station. The series follows her constant battles to prove herself in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9494168",
"chunk_text": "\"Serena Evans\"\nSerena Evans Serena Evans (born 2 December 1959) is a British actress who is best known for playing Police Sergeant Patricia Dawkins in the sitcom \"\"The Thin Blue Line\"\" which was shown on BBC1 from 1995 to 1996. She also had a regular role as Sarah Chapman in ITV sitcom \"\"The Piglet Files\"\", and appeared in six episodes of \"\"The Comic Strip Presents\"\" playing various characters. Serena Evans is the daughter of actors Tenniel Evans and Evangeline Banks, and is granddaughter of actor/director/producer Leslie Banks on her mother's side; her brother Matthew Evans is a TV director. On her father's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7734826",
"chunk_text": "\"Sienna Guillory\"\nSienna Guillory Sienna Tiggy Guillory (; born 16 March 1975) is an English actress and former model. She is perhaps best known for her portrayal of Jill Valentine in several entries of the \"\"Resident Evil\"\" action-horror film series. Other prominent roles include elf princess Arya Dröttningu in the fantasy-adventure film, \"\"Eragon\"\", and the title role in the TV miniseries, \"\"Helen of Troy\"\". She has also taken on starring roles in popular TV shows including \"\"Fortitude\"\", \"\"Stan Lee's Lucky Man\"\" and \"\"Luther\"\". Born in Kettering, Northamptonshire, England, Guillory is the daughter of the American folk guitarist Isaac Guillory and his first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13696737",
"chunk_text": "\"Keeley Hawes\"\nrevival of \"\"Upstairs, Downstairs\"\", the limited series \"\"The Casual Vacancy\"\" (2015), \"\"The Missing\"\" (2016), and the ITV comedy-drama \"\"The Durrells\"\" (2016-present). She was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress for her performance in Jed Mercurio's police procedural \"\"Line of Duty\"\" as DI Lindsey Denton. She teamed with Mercurio for the 2018 thriller \"\"Bodyguard\"\" in which she played Home Secretary Julia Montague. Hawes has also appeared in films, including \"\"Death at a Funeral\"\" (2007) and \"\"High-Rise\"\" (2015), and she provided the voice of Lara Croft in a series of \"\"Tomb Raider\"\" video games. Hawes was born at St",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2239575",
"chunk_text": "\"Camilla Power\"\nshe appeared in two episodes of ITV drama \"\"Whitechapel\"\". In 2016, she appeared in \"\"Shut Up and Dance\"\", an episode of the anthology series \"\"Black Mirror\"\". Camilla Power Camilla Joy Cynthia Power (born 13 November 1976) is an Irish-born English actress. She portrayed Jill Pole in BBC's TV adaptation of the book \"\"The Silver Chair\"\" by C.S. Lewis, and in adult life she played teacher Lorna Dickey in BBC One serial \"\"Waterloo Road\"\". Power was born in Cork, Ireland and is a distant cousin of Irish actor Tyrone Power. Power's great-grandfather was Sir John Power, Member of Parliament for Wimbledon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15474794",
"chunk_text": "\"Glynis Barber\"\ndivorced in 1979. Barber married her \"\"Dempsey and Makepeace\"\" co-star Michael Brandon on 18 November 1989; the couple have a son. Glynis Barber Glynis Barber (born Glynis van der Riet; 25 October 1955) is a South African actress. She is best known for her portrayals of Sgt. Harriet Makepeace in the British police drama \"\"Dempsey and Makepeace\"\", Glenda Mitchell in \"\"EastEnders\"\", DCI Grace Barraclough in \"\"Emmerdale\"\", Fiona Brake in \"\"Night and Day\"\", and Soolin in \"\"Blake's 7\"\". Barber studied at the Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts. Acting since 1978, her breakthrough came in 1981 with her role as Soolin in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15233213",
"chunk_text": "\"Gaite Jansen\"\nof Duchess Tatiana Petrovna in the third season of the BBC gangster drama Peaky Blinders. In 2017 she appeared as Hana Raznikova in Line of Duty. Gaite Jansen Gaite Sara Kim Jansen (born 25 December 1991) is a Dutch actress born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Jansen received her professional training at the Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts. At the age of 12, she was awarded Best Actress Award at the 48 Hour Film Project in Amsterdam for her role in Luwte. Her performance as a troubled deaf teenager in the acclaimed arthouse film 170 Hz (2011) earned her nominations for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1769192",
"chunk_text": "\"Harriet Cains\"\nway. In 2015 Cains was cast as Louisa Blackwell in \"\"Safe House\"\". Since 2016 she has appeared in various supporting roles, including Lizzie Hallum for the crime series \"\"Vera\"\" and Jade Hopkirk in \"\"Line of Duty\"\" in early 2017. At the beginning of July 2017, it was announced that Cains would become a series regular in the second season of the ITV/Netflix series \"\"Marcella\"\", as single mum Gail Donovan. The second series began airing in February 2018, with Cains appearing in six episodes. Cains was a contributing performer of all-female comedy collective \"\"Major Labia\"\" until 2017. Harriet Cains Harriet Cains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4730414",
"chunk_text": "\"Teri Austin\"\nTeri Austin Teresa \"\"Teri\"\" Austin (born April 17, 1957) is a Canadian-born film and television actress, with a career in the United States, best known for her role as Jill Bennett in the CBS primetime soap opera \"\"Knots Landing\"\". On April 17, 1957, Austin was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Austin graduated from York University in Toronto. Austin began her acting career in Canada where she worked in television, film radio and theatre and co-hosted the show Thrill of a Lifetime before moving to Los Angeles to pursue an acting career there. Austin is best known for her performance as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20742487",
"chunk_text": "\"Jane Rossington\"\nshe was Eamonn Andrews' final subject on This Is Your Life as he died on 5 November. The show was held over until early 1988. Rossington now lives in Staffordshire with her second husband, chartered surveyor David Dunger. She has two grown children, Sorrel and Harry. Since 1988, Rossington has been the main patron of the Crossroads Appreciation Society, and continues to take an active role in the group. Jane Rossington Jane Rossington (born 5 March 1943) is a British actress, best known for her role as Jill Richardson in the soap opera \"\"Crossroads\"\". Born in Derby, Rossington's family moved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1630730",
"chunk_text": "\"Kathryn Zenna\"\nKathryn Zenna Kathryn Zenna (born February 25, 1971 in Montreal, Quebec), sometimes credited as Kate Zenna, is a Canadian film and television actress. She is best known for her roles as Veronica in the film \"\"Jack and Jill\"\", for which she garnered a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 20th Genie Awards, and as Mel in \"\"Train 48\"\". She has also appeared in the films \"\"Love Is Work\"\" and \"\"Ramona and Beezus\"\", and as a guest actor in the television series \"\"\"\", \"\"Twice in a Lifetime\"\", \"\"Nikita\"\", \"\"A Nero Wolfe Mystery\"\", \"\"Puppets Who Kill\"\", \"\"The Eleventh Hour\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4977166",
"chunk_text": "\"Sophie Stanton\"\nof Dramatic Art where she won the Gold Medal. Stanton both wrote and performed in the theatre play \"\"Cariad\"\" (Tristan Bates Theatre and Theatre Clwyd), and later directed \"\"Winged\"\" (Tristan Bates Theatre). Stanton also contributed the voice-over for \"\"Robbed, Raided, Reunited\"\" (BBC). Sophie Stanton created the role of Leah in “Beautiful Thing” and Beryl in \"\"Made in Dagenham: The Musical\"\". Sophie Stanton Sophie Stanton (born 1971 in London, England) is an English actress, director and playwright. She is best known for her role as DCI Jill Marsden in the BBC soap opera \"\"EastEnders\"\" in which she has appeared on and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16014494",
"chunk_text": "\"Anna Torv\"\na tyrannical traffic cop. In 2014, Torv reprised her role as Nariko in the film adaptation of \"\"Heavenly Sword\"\". Torv has been listed as one of \"\"TV's 100 Sexiest Women\"\" by BuddyTV four times. She ranked #16 in 2009, #27 in 2010, #48 in 2011 and #68 in 2012. In March 2016, Torv was cast in the role of Wendy Carr, an FBI Consultant, in the Netflix drama \"\"Mindhunter\"\" from David Fincher and Charlize Theron. In December 2008, Torv married her \"\"Fringe\"\" co-star Mark Valley. They separated after one year of marriage. Anna Torv Anna Torv (born 7 June 1979)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3147158",
"chunk_text": "\"Jill Halfpenny\"\nmental show on Bank Holiday Monday and covered the Good Morning Sunday show for August. In 2018, she was cast to perform in The Girl on the Train stage adaptation in Leeds, which premiered at West Yorkshire Playhouse in May. Halfpenny married fellow actor Craig Conway in 2007; together they have one child. The couple divorced in 2010. She is an ambassador for leading children's charity Kidscape. and in 2013 was awarded \"\"Freeman of the Borough of Gateshead\"\". Jill Halfpenny Jill Halfpenny (born 15 July 1975) is an English actress, best known for her roles as Rebecca Hopkins in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20260251",
"chunk_text": "\"In the Line of Duty (film series)\"\nIn the Line of Duty (film series) In the Line of Duty () is a series of girls with guns feature films produced by Hong Kong movie studio D & B Films which star, in the first two, Michelle Yeoh and, in subsequent instalments, Cynthia Khan as a police officer who combines use of firearms with martial arts. The third was the first to use the \"\"In the Line of Duty\"\" title, retroactively applied to the two Michelle Yeoh vehicles. Due to the entries being thematically rather than narratively related and their varying titles and release order in different territories",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9722748",
"chunk_text": "\"Jessica Raine\"\nthe series as part of its fiftieth anniversary celebrations. In 2014 Raine joined the cast of the BBC2 police drama \"\"Line of Duty\"\" for series 2 as Detective Constable Georgia Trotman working for the AC12 anti corruption unit. She played Tuppence Beresford in the 2015 series \"\"Partners in Crime\"\" based on Agatha Christie's Tommy and Tuppence stories, though the series is set in 1952 rather than the 1920s. Raine began dating actor Tom Goodman-Hill in 2010 after they met while co-starring in a play. Goodman-Hill and Raine married on 1 September 2015. Jessica Raine Jessica Raine (born Jessica Helen Lloyd;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14711216",
"chunk_text": "\"Glynis Barber\"\nGlynis Barber Glynis Barber (born Glynis van der Riet; 25 October 1955) is a South African actress. She is best known for her portrayals of Sgt. Harriet Makepeace in the British police drama \"\"Dempsey and Makepeace\"\", Glenda Mitchell in \"\"EastEnders\"\", DCI Grace Barraclough in \"\"Emmerdale\"\", Fiona Brake in \"\"Night and Day\"\", and Soolin in \"\"Blake's 7\"\". Barber studied at the Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts. Acting since 1978, her breakthrough came in 1981 with her role as Soolin in the BBC science fiction television series \"\"Blake's 7\"\". In 1982 she took the title role in the television series \"\"Jane\"\" playing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "57561",
"chunk_text": "\"Melanie Kilburn\"\nMelanie Kilburn Melanie Kilburn (born Sarah Melanie Jean Kilburn on 16 March 1956) is an English actress, well known for playing PC Laura Bryant in ITV's, \"\"The Bill\"\". She was born and brought up in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire, and attended the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in the Barbican. Her career began in 1983 when she starred as Maureen in The Company Car. However, after other smaller roles such as playing Jill in Making Out, Kilburn rose to prominence in 1991 playing the role of Carol Anderson in \"\"Soldier Soldier\"\". Kilburn had other regular television and theatre",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17354718",
"chunk_text": "\"Camilla Power\"\nCamilla Power Camilla Joy Cynthia Power (born 13 November 1976) is an Irish-born English actress. She portrayed Jill Pole in BBC's TV adaptation of the book \"\"The Silver Chair\"\" by C.S. Lewis, and in adult life she played teacher Lorna Dickey in BBC One serial \"\"Waterloo Road\"\". Power was born in Cork, Ireland and is a distant cousin of Irish actor Tyrone Power. Power's great-grandfather was Sir John Power, Member of Parliament for Wimbledon before the Second World War. Power started acting from an early age; her very first TV appearance was on a chicken nuggets advertisement. She attended the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6310398",
"chunk_text": "\"Emma Pierson\"\nEmma Pierson Emma Jane Pierson (born 30 April 1981) is an English actress. She is best known for her role as Anna Thornton-Wilton in the BBC television drama \"\"Hotel Babylon\"\". Pierson has appeared in many television programmes, including \"\"SunTrap\"\", \"\"Days Like These\"\", \"\"Beast\"\", \"\"I Saw You\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Worst Week of My Life\"\", \"\"Bloodlines\"\", \"\"Coupling\"\" and \"\"Time Gentlemen Please\"\". Her more recent projects include the film \"\"Lives of the Saints\"\" and the BBC Three comedy \"\"Dead Boss\"\". The daughter of a nurse and a Royal Navy submariner, Pierson was born Emma Jane Pierson on 30 April 1981 in Plymouth, Devon.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "157700",
"chunk_text": "\"Caroline Quentin\"\nMorebath Manor near the village of Morebath, Devon, close to Tiverton, before moving to a smaller derelict farm nearby, which they renovated. Before moving to Devon the couple lived at Walberswick, Suffolk. Quentin has coeliac disease and is the current patron of Coeliac UK. Quentin is also the current president of the charity Campaign for National Parks. Caroline Quentin Caroline Quentin (born Caroline Jones; 11 July 1960) is an English actress. Quentin became known for her television appearances: portraying Dorothy in \"\"Men Behaving Badly\"\" (1992–1998), Maddie Magellan in \"\"Jonathan Creek\"\" (1997–2000), and DCI Janine Lewis in \"\"Blue Murder\"\" (2003–2009). Quentin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "157693",
"chunk_text": "\"Caroline Quentin\"\nCaroline Quentin Caroline Quentin (born Caroline Jones; 11 July 1960) is an English actress. Quentin became known for her television appearances: portraying Dorothy in \"\"Men Behaving Badly\"\" (1992–1998), Maddie Magellan in \"\"Jonathan Creek\"\" (1997–2000), and DCI Janine Lewis in \"\"Blue Murder\"\" (2003–2009). Quentin was born in Reigate, Surrey, to Kathleen and Fred Jones, a Royal Air Force pilot. She has three older sisters. She was educated at the independent Arts Educational School, in Tring, Hertfordshire, and appeared locally in the Pendley Open Air Shakespeare Festival. Quentin received an Ian Charleson Award commendation for her Masha in \"\"The Seagull\"\" at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5674700",
"chunk_text": "\"Sienna Guillory\"\nactor Enzo Cilenti, and they married in 2002. The couple appeared in the 2001 film \"\"Late Night Shopping\"\", and have continued to appear together in various works. In August 2004, Guillory and Cilenti cycled five stages of the Tour de France to raise money for charity. Sienna Guillory Sienna Tiggy Guillory (; born 16 March 1975) is an English actress and former model. She is perhaps best known for her portrayal of Jill Valentine in several entries of the \"\"Resident Evil\"\" action-horror film series. Other prominent roles include elf princess Arya Dröttningu in the fantasy-adventure film, \"\"Eragon\"\", and the title",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4974762",
"chunk_text": "\"Betsy Russell\"\nBetsy Russell Elizabeth \"\"Betsy\"\" Russell (born September 6, 1963) is an American actress who is best known for her roles in \"\"Private School\"\" (1983) and \"\"Tomboy\"\" (1985), and as Jill Tuck, one of the primary characters of the \"\"Saw\"\" film series from 2006–2010. Russell was born in San Diego, California, the daughter of Constance (\"\"née\"\" Lerner) and Richard Lion Russell, a stock analyst. Three of her four grandparents were Jewish. Her maternal grandfather was journalist and educator Max Lerner. Russell wanted to be an actress since the age of eight and started acting in school plays. She appeared in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20522958",
"chunk_text": "\"Tereza Srbova\"\nand Anna Skelern. In this film, Srbová performed the song Elephants by Warpaint (band). In 2013, Srbová played a re-occurring role of an agent Major Nina Pirogova in Cinemax/HBO series \"\"\"\" starring Philip Winchester and Sullivan Stapleton. In 2015 she reprised her role in \"\"\"\". In 2018 she stars next to Judi Dench and Sophie Cookson in WW2 spy drama Red Joan. Tereza Srbova Tereza Srbová (born 23 June 1984) is a Czech actress best known for her role in David Cronenberg's \"\"Eastern Promises\"\" and HBO/Cinemax series \"\"Strike Back\"\". Srbová earned a master's degree in culture anthropology from the Faculty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16218280",
"chunk_text": "\"Tania Emery\"\n2005 mock documentary-style film \"\"Brothers of the Head\"\" about conjoined twins who become a rock phenomenon, with one of whom her character has a relationship. On 26 September 2008, Emery appeared in Robson Green's \"\"Wire in the Blood\"\" as Dr. Rachel White, who is murdered in her hotel room. Tania Emery Tania Merle Emery (born 26 June 1976 in Windsor, Berkshire) is a British actress best known for her television role as DC Kate Spears in the ITV police drama \"\"The Bill\"\". Before joining \"\"The Bill\"\" in 2000, she filmed a trilogy of films about London life all under the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20260252",
"chunk_text": "\"In the Line of Duty (film series)\"\nand formats, what is considered part of the series and which number of it is open to debate. One wide interpretation is, in order of original release: In the Line of Duty (film series) In the Line of Duty () is a series of girls with guns feature films produced by Hong Kong movie studio D & B Films which star, in the first two, Michelle Yeoh and, in subsequent instalments, Cynthia Khan as a police officer who combines use of firearms with martial arts. The third was the first to use the \"\"In the Line of Duty\"\" title, retroactively",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15729628",
"chunk_text": "\"Aisling Loftus\"\nplayed Joan in the fortieth anniversary production at Nottingham Playhouse of \"\"Touched\"\" by Stephen Lowe. In 2011 Loftus starred in a new BBC TV film version of \"\"The Borrowers\"\" broadcast on Boxing Day, as Arrietty. This was followed up in 2012 with roles in two BBC series : Jade in \"\"Public Enemies\"\" and Cassandra in \"\"Good Cop\"\" and in 2013 by the role of Agnes Towler in ITV's \"\"Mr. Selfridge\"\". In 2016, she played Sonya Rostova in the BBC prime-time drama \"\"War & Peace\"\". Aisling Loftus Aisling Loftus (born 1 September 1990) is an English actress. Loftus is best known",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "536042",
"chunk_text": "\"Keeley Hawes\"\nAward\"\" in 2008 for her role in \"\"Ashes to Ashes\"\". She was also nominated for a TV Choice Award for the same role, and for the Best Actress award at the 2009 Crime Thriller Awards. She received a Leading Actress nomination for her role on \"\"Line of Duty\"\" for the 2015 British Academy Television Awards. Keeley Hawes Keeley Clare Julia Hawes (born 10 February 1976) is an English actress born in London and educated at the Sylvia Young Theatre School. She began her career as a model before appearing in a number of literary adaptations, including \"\"Our Mutual Friend\"\" (1998),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15558898",
"chunk_text": "\"Barbara Flynn\"\nBarbara Flynn Barbara Flynn (born Barbara Joy McMurray; 5 August 1948) is an English actress. She first came to prominence playing Freda Ashton in the ITV drama series \"\"A Family at War\"\" (1970–72). She went on to play the milk woman in the BBC comedy \"\"Open All Hours\"\" (1981–85), Jill Swinburne in \"\"The Beiderbecke Trilogy\"\" (1985–88), Dr. Rose Marie in the BBC series \"\"A Very Peculiar Practice\"\" (1986–88), Judith Fitzgerald in the ITV drama \"\"Cracker\"\" (1993–95), and Mrs. Jamieson in \"\"Cranford\"\" (2007–09). In her own words, she tends to play \"\"feisty, strong women\"\". Flynn was born in St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15558896",
"chunk_text": "\"Barbara Flynn\"\nBarbara Flynn Barbara Flynn (born Barbara Joy McMurray; 5 August 1948) is an English actress. She first came to prominence playing Freda Ashton in the ITV drama series \"\"A Family at War\"\" (1970–72). She went on to play the milk woman in the BBC comedy \"\"Open All Hours\"\" (1981–85), Jill Swinburne in \"\"The Beiderbecke Trilogy\"\" (1985–88), Dr. Rose Marie in the BBC series \"\"A Very Peculiar Practice\"\" (1986–88), Judith Fitzgerald in the ITV drama \"\"Cracker\"\" (1993–95), and Mrs. Jamieson in \"\"Cranford\"\" (2007–09). In her own words, she tends to play \"\"feisty, strong women\"\". Flynn was born in St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "459320",
"chunk_text": "\"Anna Camp\"\nAnna Camp Anna Ragsdale Camp (born September 27, 1982) is an American actress and singer. She is perhaps best known for her roles as the villainous Sarah Newlin in the HBO vampire drama \"\"True Blood\"\" and Aubrey Posen in the musical comedy films \"\"Pitch Perfect\"\" (2012), \"\"Pitch Perfect 2\"\" (2015), and \"\"Pitch Perfect 3\"\" (2017). She has had recurring roles in the television series \"\"Mad Men\"\", \"\"The Good Wife\"\", and \"\"The Mindy Project\"\". She made her Broadway debut in the 2008 production of \"\"A Country House\"\" and played Jill Mason in the 2008 Broadway revival of Peter Shaffer's \"\"Equus\"\". In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7144706",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeanne Tripplehorn\"\nJeanne Tripplehorn Jeanne Marie Tripplehorn (born June 10, 1963) is an American actress. She began her career in theatre, acting in several plays throughout the early 1990s, including Anton Chekov's \"\"Three Sisters\"\" on Broadway. Her film career began with the role of a police psychologist in the erotic thriller \"\"Basic Instinct\"\" (1992). Her other film roles include \"\"The Firm\"\" (1993), \"\"Waterworld\"\" (1995) and \"\"Sliding Doors\"\" (1998). On television, she starred as Barbara Henrickson on the HBO drama series \"\"Big Love\"\" (2006–11) and as Dr. Alex Blake on the CBS police drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" (2012–14), and she received a Primetime Emmy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1630731",
"chunk_text": "\"Kathryn Zenna\"\n\"\"Queer as Folk\"\", \"\"Show Me Yours\"\", \"\"G-Spot\"\", \"\"Psych\"\", \"\"Brothers and Sisters\"\" and \"\"The Fosters\"\". Kathryn Zenna Kathryn Zenna (born February 25, 1971 in Montreal, Quebec), sometimes credited as Kate Zenna, is a Canadian film and television actress. She is best known for her roles as Veronica in the film \"\"Jack and Jill\"\", for which she garnered a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 20th Genie Awards, and as Mel in \"\"Train 48\"\". She has also appeared in the films \"\"Love Is Work\"\" and \"\"Ramona and Beezus\"\", and as a guest actor in the television series \"\"\"\", \"\"Twice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2776662",
"chunk_text": "\"Sophie Stanton\"\nSophie Stanton Sophie Stanton (born 1971 in London, England) is an English actress, director and playwright. She is best known for her role as DCI Jill Marsden in the BBC soap opera \"\"EastEnders\"\" in which she has appeared on and off since 2001. Born in London and raised in Suffolk from the age of three, first in Onehouse and then in Stowmarket from age nine Marsden first appeared on 5 March 2001, appearing for the storyline labelled 'Who Shot Phil?'. She left on 27 March 2001 In 2002, she appeared in January, April and then from 14 November to 6",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "604872",
"chunk_text": "\"Robyn Malcolm\"\nRobyn Malcolm Robyn Malcolm (born 15 March 1965) is a New Zealand actress, who first gained recognition for her role as nurse Ellen Crozier on the New Zealand soap opera \"\"Shortland Street\"\". She is best known for six seasons of playing Cheryl West, matriarch to a sometimes criminal working-class family in the television series \"\"Outrageous Fortune\"\", Kirsty Corella in the Australian television series \"\"Rake\"\", Julie Wheeler in \"\"Upper Middle Bogan\"\" and Marina Baxter in \"\"The Code\"\". Malcolm was born in Ashburton, Canterbury, New Zealand. She attended Ashburton College, and graduated from Toi Whakaari (New Zealand Drama School) in 1987. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6473096",
"chunk_text": "\"Anna Acton\"\nAnna Acton Anna Acton (born 29 January 1977) is an English actress who is best known for her roles as Rochelle Barratt, the wife of a borough commander, in the ITV television series \"\"The Bill\"\", and DC Emma Summerhayes in the BBC One soap opera \"\"EastEnders\"\". Prior to appearing in \"\"The Bill\"\", Acton played the long-suffering yet bubbly Geri Evans in the soap opera \"\"Family Affairs\"\" for three and a half years. Acton also appeared in two episodes of \"\"Doctors\"\" as Rachel Cook (April 2006) and later as Keira Chesterton (February 2008) and \"\"Hollyoaks\"\" (October 2006) as DC Mullins. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18434924",
"chunk_text": "\"Robyn Malcolm\"\nas they could not be guaranteed stability in New Zealand. In response, the ruling National Party made several controversial changes to New Zealand's employment laws, and passed legislation explicitly controlling people working on the Hobbit movies. Robyn Malcolm Robyn Malcolm (born 15 March 1965) is a New Zealand actress, who first gained recognition for her role as nurse Ellen Crozier on the New Zealand soap opera \"\"Shortland Street\"\". She is best known for six seasons of playing Cheryl West, matriarch to a sometimes criminal working-class family in the television series \"\"Outrageous Fortune\"\", Kirsty Corella in the Australian television series \"\"Rake\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4359328",
"chunk_text": "\"Serena Evans\"\nside she is a direct descendant of Isaac Evans, brother of Mary Ann Evans otherwise known as author George Eliot. She is married to the actor Daniel Flynn and they have two children together. In 2010, Evans appeared in the role of Mistress Page in \"\"The Merry Wives of Windsor\"\" at Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London. Serena Evans Serena Evans (born 2 December 1959) is a British actress who is best known for playing Police Sergeant Patricia Dawkins in the sitcom \"\"The Thin Blue Line\"\" which was shown on BBC1 from 1995 to 1996. She also had a regular role",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15226255",
"chunk_text": "\"Jilly Kitzinger\"\nJilly Kitzinger Jilly Kitzinger is a fictional character in the science fiction series \"\"Torchwood\"\", portrayed by American actress Lauren Ambrose. The character was promoted as one of five new main characters to join \"\"Torchwood\"\" in its fourth series, \"\"\"\" (2011), as part of a new co-production between \"\"Torchwood\"\"s British network, BBC One, and its American financiers on US premium television network Starz. Ambrose appears in seven of the ten episodes, and is credited as a \"\"special guest star\"\" throughout. Whilst reaction to the serial was mixed, Ambrose' portrayal was often singled out by critics for particular praise and in 2012",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8312836",
"chunk_text": "\"Barbara Wilshere\"\nBarbara Wilshere Barbara Edith Eileen Wilshere (born 7 December 1959 in South Africa) is a British actress who has appeared in theatre, films and television. She attended Wilmslow County Grammar School for Girls. She was the guest lead in the fourth episode of \"\"Sherlock Holmes\"\" (\"\"The Solitary Cyclist\"\"), and was a regular cast member in \"\"Albion Market\"\" (Carol Broadbent), \"\"The Paradise Club\"\" (Carol Kane), \"\"Between the Lines\"\" (Kate Roberts) and \"\"The Lakes\"\" (Dr. Sarah Kilbride). Her television work also includes \"\"EastEnders,\"\" \"\"Wallander,\"\" \"\"Doctors,\"\" \"\"Heartbeat,\"\" \"\"Pie in the Sky,\"\" \"\"Inspector Lynley,\"\" \"\"The Bill,\"\" \"\"Holby City,\"\" \"\"Judge John Deed,\"\" \"\"Casualty\"\" and \"\"Peak",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_424
|
where does the paraguay river start and end?
|
n/a
|
[
"Paraná River"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799958",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nParaguay River The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay's source is south of Diamantino in the Mato Grosso state of Brazil. It follows a generally southwesterly course, passing through the Brazilian city of Cáceres. It then turns in a generally southward direction, flowing through the Pantanal wetlands, the city of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799960",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\n98% of the country's inhabitants. As such the river is considered perhaps the key geographical feature of the country with which it shares its name. Some after flowing through the middle of Paraguay, at the confluence with the Pilcomayo River and passing the Paraguayan capital city, Asunción, the river forms the border with Argentina, flowing generally south-southwesterly for another before it reaches its end, joining with the Paraná River. The Paraguay River is the second major river of the Rio de la Plata Basin, after the Paraná River. The Paraguay's drainage basin, about , covers a vast area that includes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799959",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nCorumbá, then running close to the Brazil-Bolivia border for a short distance in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. From the city of Puerto Bahia Negra, Paraguay, the river forms the border between Paraguay and Brazil, flowing almost due south before the confluence with the Apa River. The Paraguay makes a long, gentle curve to the south-southeast before resuming a more south-southwesterly course, dividing the country of Paraguay into two distinct halves: the Gran Chaco region to the west, a largely uninhabited semi-arid region; and the eastern forested departments of the country, accounting for some",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5523069",
"chunk_text": "\"Transport in Paraguay\"\nIt is used for tourist traffic. Paraguay's railroads operate on a standard 1.435-meter gauge. The total length of rail in Paraguay is . of that is standard gauge at . Another is narrow gauge at , and of the total railway is privately owned. Paraguay has of inland waterways. The Paraguay and Paraná are the country's two main rivers. The Paraguay River, with headwaters at Mato Grosso, Brazil, flows southward, converging with the Paraná in southwestern Paraguay, and then flowing to the Río de la Plata estuary in Argentina, the entrance for the great majority of ships servicing Paraguay's ports.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2559769",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nthe river enters Paraguay, the Paraná River flows 800 km to its juncture with the Río Paraguay and then continues southward to the Río de la Plata Estuary at Buenos Aires, Argentina. In general, the Río Paraná is navigable by large ships only up to Encarnación, Paraguay but smaller boats may go somewhat farther. In summer months the river is deep enough to permit vessels with drafts of up to three meters to reach Salto del Guairá, but seasonal and other occasional conditions severely limit the river's navigational value. On the upper course, sudden floods may raise the water level",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1791711",
"chunk_text": "Paraguay\nParaguay Paraguay (; ; , ), officially the Republic of Paraguay (; ), is one of only two landlocked countries in South America (the other is Bolivia). It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the country from north to south. Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as \"\"Corazón de Sudamérica\"\" (\"\"Heart of South America\"\"). Spanish conquistadores arrived in 1524 after navigating northwards from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1792106",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nGeography of Paraguay Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America, bordering Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia. The Paraguay River (Spanish: \"\"Río Paraguay\"\") divides the country into strikingly different eastern and western regions. Both the eastern region (officially called Eastern Paraguay, \"\"Paraguay Oriental\"\", and known as the Paraneña region) and the western region (officially Western Paraguay, \"\"Paraguay Occidental\"\", and known as the Chaco) gently slope toward and are drained into the Paraguay River, which separates and unifies the two regions. With the Paraneña region reaching southward and the Chaco extending to the north, Paraguay straddles the Tropic of Capricorn and experiences",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799963",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nthe river's banks sometimes forces many thousands of displaced residents to seek temporary shelter until the waters recede from their homes. The Paraguayan military has been forced to dedicate land on one of its reserves in the capital to emergency housing for these displaced citizens. The river is a tourist attraction for its beauty. The Paraguay River is the primary waterway of the Pantanal wetlands of southern Brazil, northern Paraguay and parts of Bolivia. The Pantanal is the world's largest tropical wetland and is largely dependent upon waters provided by the Paraguay River. Owing to its importance as a navigable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17091584",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nwith two Amazonian rivers, the Guaporé and Mamoré. While flowing in different directions, the Paraguay, Guaporé and Mamoré all have their source in the same region in central South America. Among the species shared between these are the black phantom tetra, an important fish in the aquarium industry, and the golden dorado, which is important in the fishing industry. Available online at http://www.american.edu/TED/hidrovia.htm. Available on-line at: http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/ Paraguay River The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6167546",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nor west than any other location. Geography of Paraguay Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America, bordering Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia. The Paraguay River (Spanish: \"\"Río Paraguay\"\") divides the country into strikingly different eastern and western regions. Both the eastern region (officially called Eastern Paraguay, \"\"Paraguay Oriental\"\", and known as the Paraneña region) and the western region (officially Western Paraguay, \"\"Paraguay Occidental\"\", and known as the Chaco) gently slope toward and are drained into the Paraguay River, which separates and unifies the two regions. With the Paraneña region reaching southward and the Chaco extending to the north, Paraguay straddles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5522970",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nAlthough sluggish and shallow, the river sometimes overflows its low banks, forming temporary swamps and flooding villages. River islands, meander scars, and oxbow (U-shaped) lakes attest to frequent changes in course. The major tributaries entering the Paraguay River from the Paraneña region—such as the Apa, Aquidabán, and Tebicuary Rivers—descend rapidly from their sources in the Paraná Plateau to the lower lands. There they broaden and become sluggish as they meander westward. After heavy rains these rivers sometimes flood nearby lowlands. About 4700 km long, the Paraná River is the second major river in the country. From Salto del Guairá, where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2559770",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nby as much as five meters in twenty-four hours; west of Encarnación, however, the rocks of the riverbed sometimes come within one meter of the surface during winter and effectively sever communication between the upper river and Buenos Aires. The rivers flowing eastward across the Paraneña region as tributaries of the Paraná River are shorter, faster-flowing, and narrower than the tributaries of the Paraguay River. Sixteen of these rivers and numerous smaller streams enter the Paraná River above Encarnación. Paraguay's third largest river, the Pilcomayo River, flows into the Paraguay River near Asunción after demarcating the entire border between the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1792107",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nboth subtropical and tropical climates. Paraguay borders on three substantially larger countries: Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina. The definition of the northwestern boundary with Bolivia, extending through the low hills of the Chaco region, dates from 1938. The boundary between the Chaco and Brazil was defined in 1927; it continues from the confluence of the Apa River (\"\"Río Apa\"\") and Paraguay River northward along the course of the Río Paraguay to the border with Bolivia. The northern border of the Paraneña region, set in 1872, follows the course of the Paraná River (\"\"Río Paraná\"\"), the ridges of the mountains in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1792108",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nnortheast region, and finally the course of the Apa River until it empties into the Paraguay River. Paraguay's southern border with Argentina comprises the Pilcomayo River (\"\"Río Pilcomayo\"\"), Paraná River, and Paraguay River. Argentina and Paraguay agreed on these boundaries in 1876. Paraguay falls into two main natural regions: the Paraneña region (a mixture of plateaus, rolling hills, and valleys) and the Chaco region (an immense piedmont plain). About 95 percent of Paraguay's population resides in the Paraneña region, which has all the significant orographic features and a more predictable climate. The Paraneña region can be generally described as consisting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13848418",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraná River\"\nParaná River The Paraná River ( , , ) is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase \"\"para rehe onáva\"\", which comes from the Tupi language and means \"\"like the sea\"\" (that is, \"\"as big as the sea\"\"). It merges first with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7927913",
"chunk_text": "\"Asunción\"\nAsunción Asunción () is the capital and largest city of Paraguay. The city is located on the left bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the River Pilcomayo, on the South American continent. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the northwest separate the city from the Occidental Region of Paraguay and Argentina in the south part of the city. The rest of the city is surrounded by the Central Department. The city is an autonomous capital district, not a part of any department. The metropolitan area, called \"\"Gran Asunción\"\", includes the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2559767",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nof the Paraguay's Chaco, except in the north and the west. The lowlands facing the Paraguay River have insufficient drainage and seasonal flooding (which again increases soil fertility) as a constraint. The Río Paraguay has a total course of 2600 km, 2300 km of which are navigable and 1200 km of which either border on or pass through Paraguay. The head of navigation is located in Brazil, and during most years vessels with 21 m drafts can reach Concepción without difficulty. Medium-sized ocean vessels can sometimes reach Asunción, but the twisting course and shifting sandbars can make this transit difficult.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799961",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nmajor portions of Argentina, southern Brazil, parts of Bolivia, and most of the country of Paraguay. Unlike many of the other great rivers of the Rio de la Plata Basin, the Paraguay has not been dammed for hydroelectric power generation; for this reason it is navigable for a considerable distance, second only to the Amazon River in terms of navigable length on the continent. This makes it an important shipping and trade corridor, providing a much-needed link to the Atlantic Ocean for the otherwise landlocked nations of Paraguay and Bolivia. It serves such important cities as Asunción and Concepción in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16720566",
"chunk_text": "\"Brazil–Paraguay border\"\nBrazil–Paraguay border The Brazil–Paraguay border runs from Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, to Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul. It crosses a variety of terrains, going from large urban areas by inhospitable deserts and wetlands. It starts within the framework of the three borders, between Foz do Iguaçu and President Franco and ends in the triple border with Bolivia, near the Paraguayan city of Bahía Negra. On the border between Brazil and Paraguay, lies the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant, which is one of the largest hydroelectric plants in the world in terms of annual energy generation. The fixation of the border took",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3674673",
"chunk_text": "\"Río de la Plata\"\nrivers of the La Plata basin are the Paraná River, the Paraguay River (the Paraná's main tributary), and the Uruguay River. The Paraná River's main tributaries include the Paranaíba River, Grande River, Tietê River, Paranapanema River, Iguazu River, Paraguay River, and the Salado River, after which it ends in the large Paraná Delta. The Paraguay River flows through the Pantanal wetland, after which its main tributaries include the Pilcomayo River and the Bermejo River, before it ends in the Paraná. The Uruguay's main tributaries include the Pelotas River, Canoas River, Ibicuí River, and the Río Negro. Another significant tributary to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5395036",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraná River\"\nbridges, beginning upstream: Paraná River The Paraná River ( , , ) is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase \"\"para rehe onáva\"\", which comes from the Tupi language and means \"\"like the sea\"\" (that is, \"\"as big as the sea\"\"). It merges first with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17091582",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nof the first non-Pantanal tributary, the Apa River) and 6.3—7.9 in the lower part. The peak of the flood season in the Paraguay River (measured at Corumbá) is delayed 4—6 months compared to the peak of the rainy season due to the slow passage of water through the Pantanal wetlands. There are significant temperature variations depending on season. During the low water season, the water of the Paraguay River is relatively warm (typically above ) and clouded (Secchi depth typically less than ), but in the flood season it is colder (typically ) and clearer (Secchi depth typically ). The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2559758",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\non average above sea level, although the highest point reaches . The main chain, long, has smaller branches that extend to the west and die out along the banks of the Río Paraguay in the Northern Upland. The Cordillera de Amambay merges with the Cordillera de Mbaracayú, which reaches eastward to the Río Paraná. The average height of this mountain chain is ; the highest point of the chain, , lies within Brazilian territory. The Río Paraná forms the Salto del Guairá waterfall where it cuts through the mountains of the Cordillera de Mbaracayú to enter Argentina. The Cordillera de",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18898338",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraná River steamers\"\nParaná River steamers The Paraná River is the second longest river in South America. Rising in Brazil, the river winds from the coastal mountains through tributaries and travels over Iguazu Falls into Paraguay, Argentina and the Rio de la Plata at Uruguay. The river allowed for transport and exploration of the continent. It also was the scene of some terrible wars, including naval. The River Plate Republics arose from the fall of the Spanish Empire in South America after 1811. The devolution of the colony into smaller republics because of Napoleons conquest of Spain first allowed the Viceroyalty of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12245095",
"chunk_text": "\"Triple Frontier\"\nTriple Frontier The Triple Frontier (, ) is a tri-border area along the junction of Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil, where the Iguazú and Paraná rivers converge. Near the confluence are the cities of Ciudad del Este (Paraguay); Puerto Iguazú (Argentina) and Foz do Iguaçu (Brazil). This area is near Iguazú Falls and the Itaipú hydroelectric plant. The population in the Triple Frontier is concentrated in three border cities and in the Paraguayan metropolitan region. Of these, the largest is Ciudad del Este in Paraguay, which in 2018 had a population of 299.255, while the smallest with a population of 82,000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10842958",
"chunk_text": "\"Apa River\"\nApa River The Apa River (Spanish: Río Apa, Portuguese: Rio Apa) is a river of Paraguay and Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraguay River, which in turn is a tributary of the Paraná River. It starts in the Amambai Mountains of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The Apa forms part of the border between Paraguay and Brazil beginning at the twin cities of Bella Vista Norte and Bela Vista. Its principle tributaries flow from the right, the most notable being the Arroyo Estrella, and the Pirapucu, Caracol, and Perdido rivers which flow from the Serra",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10842959",
"chunk_text": "\"Apa River\"\nda Bodoquena. Apa River The Apa River (Spanish: Río Apa, Portuguese: Rio Apa) is a river of Paraguay and Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraguay River, which in turn is a tributary of the Paraná River. It starts in the Amambai Mountains of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The Apa forms part of the border between Paraguay and Brazil beginning at the twin cities of Bella Vista Norte and Bela Vista. Its principle tributaries flow from the right, the most notable being the Arroyo Estrella, and the Pirapucu, Caracol, and Perdido rivers which flow from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13311159",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nvalleys, and lowlands. About 80% of the region lies below in elevation; the lowest elevation, , occurs in the extreme south at the confluence of the Río Paraguay and Río Paraná. The Eastern region is drained primarily by rivers that flow westward to the Río Paraguay, although some rivers flow eastward to the Río Paraná. Low-lying meadows, subject to floods, separate the eastern mountains from the Río Paraguay. The Eastern region as a whole naturally divides into five physiographic subregions: In the east, the heavily wooded Paraná Plateau occupies one-third of the region and extends its full length from north",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799962",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nParaguay and Formosa in Argentina. The river is also a source of commerce in the form of fishing, and provides irrigation for agriculture along its route. As such it provides a way of life for a number of poor fishermen who live along its banks and make the majority of their income selling fish in local markets, as well as supplying a major source of sustenance for their families. This has created issues in large cities such as Asunción, where poverty-stricken farmers from the country's interior have populated the river's banks in search of an easier lifestyle. Seasonal flooding of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7797994",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilcomayo River\"\nPilcomayo River Pilcomayo (in Hispanicized spelling) (Quechua Pillkumayu or Pillku Mayu, \"\"pillku\"\" red, \"\"mayu\"\" river, \"\"red river\"\", Guarani Ysyry Araguay ) is a river in central South America. At long, it is the longest western tributary of the Paraguay River. Its drainage basin is in area, and its mean discharge is . Along its course, the Pilcomayo silts up and splits into two main branches, North and South. After some distance, these branches rejoin to form the Lower Pilcomayo. The Pilcomayo rises in the foothills of the Andes mountain range in the Bolivian Oruro Department, east of Lake Poopó. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9559183",
"chunk_text": "\"Uruguay River\"\nUruguay River The Uruguay River (, ; , ) is a river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes, and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano, and Colonia in Uruguay. The river measures about",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18898363",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraná River steamers\"\nrailway operated a fleet of 6 stern-wheel paddle steamers, together with barges and launches. In the 1880s, Nietzsche's sister took a steamer ride up the river to establish Nueva Germania, a Germanic colony in Paraguay . Paraná River steamers The Paraná River is the second longest river in South America. Rising in Brazil, the river winds from the coastal mountains through tributaries and travels over Iguazu Falls into Paraguay, Argentina and the Rio de la Plata at Uruguay. The river allowed for transport and exploration of the continent. It also was the scene of some terrible wars, including naval. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "120257",
"chunk_text": "\"Rivers of Paraguay\"\nRivers of Paraguay The rivers of Paraguay have served, in the absence of usable roads, as natural ways to access the more remote Paraguayan territories. Some of them, the major tributaries of Paraguay and Parana, enabled navigation on a small scale, and smaller boats with limited use in times of drought due to decreasing flow of water flows. Among the subsidiaries of the left bank of the Paraguay River are: The Jejui River covers an area of approximately 350 km. It receives water from rivers Jejui-mi and the Jejui Guazú, in addition to substantial influx of the Aguaray River. Near",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17091581",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nas the potential economic gains, continues to this day. The Paraguay River basin includes several distinctive habitats, ranging from very clear waters such as Rio da Prata (pt) near Bonito in the upper part to the sediment-rich Bermejo River in the lower part. The suspended load of the Paraguay River is about before the inflow of Bermejo, but rises to about after. Directly after the inflow of Bermejo River, the pH of the Paraguay River may reach up to 8.2. The typical pH of the Paraguay River is 5.8—7.4 in the upper part (defined as the section before the inflow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10059228",
"chunk_text": "\"Río de la Plata Basin\"\nroute from the Atlantic to Buenos Aires is kept open by continual dredging. The Paraná River's main tributaries include the Paranaíba River, Grande River, Tietê River, Paranapanema River, Iguazu River, Paraguay River, and the Salado River, after which it ends in the large Paraná Delta. The Paraguay River flows through the Pantanal wetland, after which its main tributaries include the Pilcomayo River and the Bermejo River, before it ends in the Paraná. The Uruguay's main tributaries include the Pelotas River, Canoas River, Ibicuí River, and the Río Negro. Another significant tributary to the Río de la Plata is the Salado",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4702078",
"chunk_text": "\"Rivers of Paraguay\"\nreach isolated villages like Arroyos y Esteros. At the port of this population came small motor boats engaged in trade of national fruits and passengers transport. The Manduvirá ends in the Paraguay River, a short distance from Asunción, destiny of passengers and pedestrians who accompanied their loads of fruit, tobacco and alcohol. The Tebicuary River drains at 23º30' south latitude. Long ago, such rivers served as communication between the area of Ñeembucú and the inland territories inside the old Jesuit missions. Through this river, smaller vessels entered to transport goods from Argentina, especially from Corrientes. They reached the passage of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2559755",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nPlateau—the Northern Upland—occupies the portion northward from the Aquidabán River (\"\"Río Aquidabán\"\") to the Apa River on the Brazilian border. For the most part it consists of a rolling plateau about above sea level and above the plain farther to the south. The Central Hill Belt encompasses the area in the vicinity of Asunción. Although nearly flat surfaces occur in this subregion, the rolling terrain is extremely uneven. Small, isolated peaks are numerous, and it is here that the only lakes of any size are found. Between these two upland subregions lies the Central Lowland, an area of low elevation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9328399",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nof an area of highlands in the east that slopes toward the Río Paraguay and becomes an area of lowlands, subject to floods, along the river. The Chaco consists predominantly of lowlands, also inclined toward the Río Paraguay, that are alternately flooded and parched. The Eastern region extends from the Río Paraguay eastward to the Río Paraná, which forms the border with Brazil and Argentina. The eastern hills and mountains, an extension of a plateau in southern Brazil, dominate the region. They reach to about above sea level at their highest point. The Eastern region also has spacious plains, broad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5022198",
"chunk_text": "\"Río de la Plata Basin\"\nrivers of the La Plata basin are the Paraná River, the Paraguay River (the Paraná's main tributary), and the Uruguay River. The La Plata basin is bounded by the Brazilian Highlands to the north, the Andes Mountains to the west, and Patagonia to the south. The watershed extends mostly northward from the source of the Río de la Plata for roughly , as far as Brasília and Cuiabá in Brazil and Sucre in Bolivia, spanning latitudes between 14 and 27 degrees south and longitudes between 43 and 67 degrees west. The Paraná River, La Plata's largest tributary, is South America's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9244090",
"chunk_text": "\"Bermejo River\"\nproduces irregular accumulations that can even alter its course, leaving the older paths as wet depressions. Bermejo River The Bermejo River (Spanish, Río Bermejo) is a river in South America that flows from Bolivia to the Paraguay River in Argentina. The river is generally called Bermejo in spite of its different names along its way, but it also has its own Native American names; in Wichí it is called Teuco, and in Guaraní it is called Ypitá. In the plains of Argentina's Gran Chaco the Bermejo forms wetlands and splits into two branches. The southern branch is the bed of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1792115",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Paraguay\"\nPlain—lies in the southwest corner of the Paraneña region. This alluvial flatland has a slight westerly-southwesterly slope obscured by gentle undulations. The Tebicuary River (\"\"Río Tebicuary\"\")—a major tributary of the Río Paraguay – bisects the swampy lowland, which is broken in its central portion by rounded swells of land up to three meters in height. The main orographic features of the Paraneña region include the Cordillera de Amambay, the Cordillera de Mbaracayú, and the Cordillera de Caaguazú. The Cordillera de Amambay extends from the northeast corner of the region south and slightly east along the Brazilian border. The mountains reach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799964",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nwaterway serving Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay, the river has been the focus of commercial and industrial development. In 1997 the governments of the nations of the La Plata Basin proposed a plan under the Hidrovia Inter-Governmental Commission (CIH) agency to develop the rivers into an industrial waterway system to help reduce the costs of exporting goods from the area, in particular the soybean crop that the area has embraced. The plan entailed constructing more hydroelectric dams along some of the waterways, along with a massive effort to restructure the navigable waterways—most notably the Paraguay River—through dredging of the waterway, rock",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3333817",
"chunk_text": "\"Bermejo River\"\nBermejo River The Bermejo River (Spanish, Río Bermejo) is a river in South America that flows from Bolivia to the Paraguay River in Argentina. The river is generally called Bermejo in spite of its different names along its way, but it also has its own Native American names; in Wichí it is called Teuco, and in Guaraní it is called Ypitá. In the plains of Argentina's Gran Chaco the Bermejo forms wetlands and splits into two branches. The southern branch is the bed of the old Bermejo River, now an intermittent stream called Río Bermejito. The northern branch is now",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15547018",
"chunk_text": "\"Rivers of Paraguay\"\nof 170 km. This river rises in the mountains of Caaguazú and poured water on the right bank of Paraná River, a short distance from the mouth of the River Iguazu. There are recent references that flatboats and tugboats transported mate and wood in the short journey between the Caaguazú jungle factories. These were close to the famous Saltos del Monday, that ended in the Paraná River, where cargo was transferred to larger capacity ships. Rivers of Paraguay The rivers of Paraguay have served, in the absence of usable roads, as natural ways to access the more remote Paraguayan territories.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18323538",
"chunk_text": "\"Uruguay River\"\nfailed to inform Argentina of the construction of the pulp mills, the mills did not pollute the river, so closing the remaining pulp mill would be unjustified. Later in 2010, Argentina and Uruguay created a joint commission to coordinate activities on the river. The course of the Uruguay is crossed by the following bridges, beginning upstream: Uruguay River The Uruguay River (, ; , ) is a river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17091583",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraguay River\"\nupper part of the Paraguay River is warmer than the lower and generally its temperature does not fall below , although some upper Paraguay tributaries may fall below this. The Paraguay River ecoregion has high species richness with about 350 fish species, including more than 80 endemics. About 80% of the fish species in the river are characiforms (tetras and allies) and siluriforms (catfish). Several of these migrate up the Paraguay River to spawn, including \"\"Prochilodus lineatus\"\" and \"\"Pseudoplatystoma corruscans\"\". Unsurprisingly many species in the river are essentially of Paraná River Basin origin, but the fauna also has a connection",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7927921",
"chunk_text": "\"Asunción\"\nto the city. This led to a change in the appearance of the city as many new buildings were built and Asunción went through an era more prosperous than any since the war. Asunción is located between the parallels 25° 15' and 25° 20' of south latitude and between the meridians 57° 40' and 57° 30' of west longitude. The city sits on the left bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the River Pilcomayo. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the northwest separate the city from the Occidental Region of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13848420",
"chunk_text": "\"Paraná River\"\nthe construction of the Itaipu Dam, which began operating in 1984. For approximately the next the Paraná flows southward and forms a natural boundary between Paraguay and Brazil until the confluence with the Iguazu River. Shortly upstream from this confluence, however, the river is dammed by the Itaipu Dam, the second largest hydroelectric power plant in the world (following the Three Gorges Dam in the People's Republic of China), and creating a massive, shallow reservoir behind it. After merging with the Iguazu, the Paraná then becomes the natural border between Paraguay and Argentina. Overlooking the Paraná River from Encarnación, Paraguay,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2209818",
"chunk_text": "\"Geology of Paraguay\"\nGeology of Paraguay The country of Paraguay lies geologically at the borderzone between several cratons. Due to thick Cenozoic sediment cover and regolith development few outcrops are available in Paraguay. East of Paraguay River that Precambrian and Early Paleozoic crystalline basement crop out mainly in the heights of Caapucú and Apa. The geological processes that have shaped Paraguay's bedrock and sedimentary basins are diverse including rifting, marine sedimentation, metamorphism, eruption of flood basalts and alkaline potassic volcanism. Caapucú High (formerly called \"\"Precámbrico Sur\"\" and \"\"Saliente del Pilar\"\") is the Northwesternmost outcrop of Río de la Plata Craton. The rocks found",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10087647",
"chunk_text": "\"Río de la Plata\"\nRío de la Plata The Río de la Plata (, \"\"river of silver\"\")—rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth and La Plata River (occasionally Plata River) in other English-speaking countries—is the estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay and the Paraná rivers. It empties into the Atlantic Ocean, forming a funnel-shaped indentation on the southeastern coastline of South America. Depending on the geographer, the \"\"Río de la Plata\"\" may be considered a river, an estuary, a gulf or a marginal sea. For those who consider it a river, it is the widest river in the world, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_425
|
who won best boy band i heart radio music awards?
|
n/a
|
[
"BTS"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12737773",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Radio Music Awards\"\nSOLO ARTIST: COUNTRY - James Barker Band SOCAN SONG OF THE YEAR - Love Yourself, Justin Bieber CHARTTOPPER AWARD - Justin Bieber FANS’ CHOICE - Alessia Cara FACTOR BREAKTHROUGH ARTIST - The Strumbellas Complete List of 2018 Canadian Radio Music Awards Winners BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: AC - DVBBS BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: CHR - Jessie Reyez BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: DANCE/URBAN/RHYTHMIC - New City BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: ROCK - The Beaches BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: COUNTRY - River Town Saints FAN'S CHOICE - Alessia Cara FACTOR BREAKTHROUGH ARTIST",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17282777",
"chunk_text": "\"ABU Radio Song Festival 2012\"\nheld on 11 October 2012. Fifteen entries were originally selected to participate in the grand final. However, Fiji and Sri Lanka withdrew from the radio competition prior to the final show, and thus only thirteen entries participated in the competition on 11 October 2012. South Korea won the Grand Prix award with the song \"\"For a Rest\"\" performed by boy band Billy Acoustie. Danielle Blakey representing Australia won the gold award with the song \"\"Fearless\"\", Brunei received the silver award with the song \"\"Yang Terindah (So Beautiful)\"\" performed by Maria Aires, with Sammy Ray Jones also representing Australia receiving the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20761830",
"chunk_text": "BoybandPH\nBoybandPH BoybandPH is a Filipino boyband group composed of Ford Valencia, Joao Constancia, Niel Murillo, Russell Reyes, and Tristan Ramirez. The group was formed on December 11, 2016 after winning ABS-CBN's reality show \"\"Pinoy Boyband Superstar\"\", a franchise of Simon Cowell's singing competition \"\"La Banda\"\". After winning \"\"Pinoy Boyband Superstar\"\", the group released their first single on January 1, 2017 entitled \"\"Unli\"\". It was followed by their second single, a cover of Depeche Mode's \"\"Somebody\"\" on February 14, 2017. They released their debut, self-titled album on February 4, 2017 under Star Music. On April 2, 2017, they were awarded with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3736673",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards\"\nnext day, when the actual winner, Fifth Harmony, was announced on the iHeartRadio's official Twitter account. Zayn was then announced as the winner of the category \"\"Best Solo Breakout\"\". 2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards were held on March 5, 2017 at The Forum in Inglewood, California, and hosted by Ryan Seacrest. The list of nominations was announced on January 3, 2017. Drake received the most nominations with fifteen categories, followed by The Chainsmokers with twelve. The following artists performed at the show: The nominees were announced on January 3, 2017. Winners are highlighted in boldface. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3736672",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards\"\n2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards were held on March 5, 2017 at The Forum in Inglewood, California, and hosted by Ryan Seacrest. The list of nominations was announced on January 3, 2017. Drake received the most nominations with fifteen categories, followed by The Chainsmokers with twelve. The following artists performed at the show: The nominees were announced on January 3, 2017. Winners are highlighted in boldface. The day of the ceremony, Zayn was incorrectly announced as the winner for the Best Music Video category, and he accepted the award. The error was not caught until the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784971",
"chunk_text": "\"Triple J Unearthed\"\niOTA for several years. 2011 Finalists The 2011 competition was won by Snakadaktal, a 5 piece band with their song \"\"Chimera\"\". The winner came for Melbourne Rudolf Steiner School. 2012 Finalists The 2012 competition was won by the soloist ASTA, she and Cal Young produced the song \"\"My Heart Is On Fire\"\" in her boyfriends bedroom. The winner is from Rosny College in Hobart. 2013 Finalists 2014 Finalists 2015 Finalists 2016 Finalists 2016 winner 2017 Finalists 2017 winner 2018 Finalists 2018 winner On 5 October 2011 Triple J Unearthed was launched as a radio station available on digital radio and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6923664",
"chunk_text": "\"IHeartRadio Music Festival\"\nTomlinson, plus iHeartRadio's Rising Star Winner James Maslow. The 2017 Daytime Village lineup included: Migos, Halsey, Flume, Little Mix, French Montana, Niall Horan, Bleachers, Kelsea Ballerini, Judah and the Lion, Bebe Rexha, Noah Cyrus, Hey Violet, Cheat Codes, All Time Low, Khalid, and Julia Michaels. The annual tape-delayed broadcast of the festival was delayed by mutual decision by The CW and iHeartMedia on October 2 indefinitely in the aftermath of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting during the Route 91 Harvest festival the night before, as the iHeart Radio Music Festival utilized the same Las Vegas Village lot for the Daytime",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8627355",
"chunk_text": "\"K-Pop World Festival\"\nBTS's Boy In Luv while a team from Japan, Flashy who performed Ailee's I Will Show You won the vocals grand prize. Guest performers included EXO-K, B.A.P, Block B, IU, Sistar and Apink. Award These contestants didn't win an award, but they did perform and represent their country: Awards These contestants didn't win an award, but they did perform and represent their country: These contestants didn't win an award, but they did perform and represent their country: Guest Performances was done by BTS, MONSTA X, TWICE, Ailee, NCT 127, J Black, ASTRO Award Other Contestant These contestants didn't win an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16463373",
"chunk_text": "\"Idol (Swedish TV series)\"\nbeing certified quadruple platinum for the sale of a massive 160,000 copies. Sixth place finisher Danny Saucedo was signed to Sony BMG music, and his debut album \"\"Heart Beats\"\" was released in May 2007. The record peaked at number 1, produced two chart-topping singles and was certified gold for the sale of over 30,000 copies. In early 2008, Saucedo formed the boyband E.M.D with fellow season three contestant Erik Segerstedt and season four fifth-place finisher Mattias Andréasson to form the boyband E.M.D. In late 2008, Saucedo released \"\"Radio\"\", the lead single from his second solo album, which became his third",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3834522",
"chunk_text": "\"MOBO Awards\"\nConference Centre (SECC) in Glasgow, the first time the MOBO awards show took place outside London. A tribute performance was dedicated to Michael Jackson, and the Young Soul Rebels performed their charity single \"\"I Got Soul\"\". Reggie Yates and Keri Hilson hosted the awards show, with Peter Andre presenting backstage. The awards ceremony took place on 20 October 2010 in Liverpool. The awards show returned to Glasgow's SECC on 5 October 2011, hosted by Jason Derülo and Alesha Dixon. Jessie J won four awards, making her the biggest winner of the night. Boyz II Men received the award for Outstanding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19232827",
"chunk_text": "Boys24\nunit release their first single album, \"\"Steal Your Heart\"\" on April 11, 2017 on Mnet's M! Countdown with the song title \"\"Steal Your Heart\"\". After completing 260 concerts, the final group was selected from \"\"The Final\"\", consist of eight members: Yoo Youngdoo (Yoo Jiahn), Jeong Yeontae, Hwang Inho, Han Hyunuk, Isaac Voo, Lee Inpyo, Kim Jinsub and Kim Sunghyun. They debuted on October 26, 2017 as IN2IT. On January 10, 2016 CJ E&M announced that they were investing 25 billion won ($20.6 million) over the next three years in a new boy band to perform throughout the year at a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15960134",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Radio Music Awards\"\nWEEKND CHARTTOPPER AWARD - SHAWN MENDES FANS CHOICE - THE WEEKND HEATSEEKER AWARD - THE STUMBELLAS FACTOR BREAKTHROUGH AWARD RECIPIENT - LEAH DANIELS Complete List of 2017 Canadian Radio Music Awards Winners BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: HOT AC - Ruth B BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: MAINSTREAM AC - Alessia Cara BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: CHR - Ruth B BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: DANCE/URBAN/RHYTHMIC - Neon Dreams BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: MAINSTREAM ROCK - The Strumbellas BEST NEW GROUP OR SOLO ARTIST: MODERN ROCK - The Strumbellas BEST NEW GROUP OR",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14028331",
"chunk_text": "\"Music programs of South Korea\"\nbecame the first-place winner on \"\"M Countdown\"\" (three straight weeks) and \"\"Music Bank\"\" (a total of 16 weeks, including a record 10-consecutive-week), surpassing the previous record of nine consecutive wins by Girls' Generation's \"\"Gee\"\" in 2009. Twice holds the record for the most first-place wins in a year as they won a total of 36 times in 2017. Exo holds the record for most wins for a single song by a group with 18 music show wins for \"\"Call Me Baby\"\", released in 2015. According to Caitlin Kelley of \"\"Billboard\"\", these South Korean music shows have incorporated international participation through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4053631",
"chunk_text": "\"Rebel Army Radio\"\nRadio's fifth awards show was sponsored by Fresh Produce & FPempire.com. It was held at the Grog Shop for the second consecutive year and hosted by Tha P.O.P. aka Mz. Peachiz for the second straight year as well. \"\"Hold Up Wait\"\" by Scratt, J-Bou & Mz. Crazy Tee earned three wins (Best Song, Best Collab and Best Mixed Collab) making it the most celebrated song of the year. Beautiful the Beast repeated as the Best Model winner. Jasmine Chanae won the Best New Model and Best Model Body Awards. Twizted Mind was named Best Male MC and won the Male",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "694654",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Phunk with My Heart\"\nNew York Times\"\" called it \"\"a much more wholesome hip-hop hit\"\", comparing it to Ying Yang Twins' 2005 single \"\"Wait (The Whisper Song)\"\". The Black Eyed Peas were nominated for two 2006 Grammy Awards for the song and won for \"\"Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group\"\". The song also won the BMI Award, which was awarded to the Kalyanji Anandji brothers, for their compositions of \"\"Ye Mera Dil\"\" and \"\"Ae Nujawan\"\" used as a basis for the song. The award was collected by Anandji Virji Shah, the surviving member of the duo. In the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339454",
"chunk_text": "\"Radio Music Awards\"\nRadio Music Awards The Radio Music Awards was an annual U.S. award show that honored the year's most successful songs on mainstream radio. Nominations were based on the amount of airplay recording artists receive on radio stations in various formats using chart information compiled by Mediabase. Originally conceived as an award show vehicle for The WB in 1999, it was moved to ABC in 2000 and finally to NBC, which promoted it as the music industry's answer to the Golden Globes. In past years, the show included many of the top names in music including NSYNC, Shakira, Backstreet Boys, Green",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10450527",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy band\"\nformed as a group called Boyband PH a five-piece Pinoy boy band which managed by Star Magic In South Korea, boy bands have been commercially successful. On the Gaon Music Chart year-end albums chart of 2016, nine of the top 10 and 17 of the top 20 albums are by boy bands or by subunits/members of boy bands. BIGBANG, EXO had the second and third best-selling albums. Other boy bands with albums in the yearly top 20 of 2016 are BTS, SHINee, GOT7, Seventeen, INFINITE and VIXX. In Japan, Arashi continue to be very successful, being the best-selling music artist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5261182",
"chunk_text": "Seungri\nSeungri Lee Seung-hyun (Hangul: 이승현; born December 12, 1990), better known by his stage names Seungri (Hangul: 승리; \"\"Victory\"\") and V.I (when performing in Japan), is a South Korean singer, songwriter, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. In the mid-2000s, Seungri rose to prominence as one of three vocalists and youngest member of the South Korean boy band Big Bang under YG Entertainment, which eventually became one of the best-selling digital groups of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world. With the release of the group's second studio album \"\"Remember\"\" (2008), in which the second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13027794",
"chunk_text": "\"IHeartRadio MMVAs\"\nYork firm, Society Awards. Viewers can vote for the Fan Fave category which includes Video, Artist or Group, and International Artist or Group. In 2001, a show was not held due to the September 11 attacks occurring two weeks prior. However, awards were still handed out. All MMVA shows were subsequently held in June until 2017. In 2018, the awards were repositioned to be held in August. The awards' full name \"\"Much Music Video Awards\"\" was also officially dropped. Artist with the most awards: Our Lady Peace (10), and Billy Talent (10) Our Lady Peace: Billy Talent: Artist with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9266963",
"chunk_text": "\"Pacific Media Network\"\nShine\"\", Aaradhna for \"\"Treble & Reverb\"\", and David Dallas for \"\"Runnin'\"\". The Radio 531pi Best Pacific Group category has been won by Adeaze for \"\"Always and for Real\"\" and \"\"Rise & Shine\"\", Spacifix for \"\"Much Love\"\", Te Vaka for \"\"Olatia\"\" and \"\"Haoloto\"\", Nesian Mystik for \"\"Elevator Musiq\"\" and \"\"99AD\"\", Tomorrow People for \"\"One\"\", Sole Mio for \"\"Sol3 Mio\"\", and Cydel for \"\"Memoirs of a Midnight Cowboy\"\". In 2011, EMI released the \"\"Niu FM presents Jam PAC'd\"\", a compilation album compiled by breakfast host Sela Alo. It featured TDub, Ten Six, Vince Harder, Melanie Smith, Sammy G., Young Sid, Savage, Jarrell",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16076731",
"chunk_text": "\"Miko Manguba\"\nin 2015. Top One Project released their self-titled debut album digitally on April 28, 2016, with the songs in their first album including their original composition, \"\"Sa'n Na\"\", and carrier single, \"\"Pag-gising.\"\" Miko Manguba Jamiko Allan Sabbun Manguba (born 24 April 1994), or Miko M is a Filipino musician known as a member of GMA Network's winning boy band Top One Project. He made his debut as a singer with organizations in De La Salle University including De La Salle Innersoul and an a cappella group called \"\"Taftonic.\"\" In 2015, Manguba auditioned for the reality show \"\"To The Top\"\", and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14165655",
"chunk_text": "\"The Boyz (South Korean band)\"\ndrama Saimdang, Light's Diary in April 2017. Sunwoo became a contestant on \"\"High School Rapper\"\" in January 2017, where he was also eliminated early in the competition. In March 2017, Ju Haknyeon participated in \"\"Produce 101\"\" and reached 19th place during the final episode. On July 4, the group was first announced as Cre.kerz, through the agency's social medias. On July 18, their official name was revealed. From August 23 to October 11, their first reality show \"\"Flower Snack\"\" aired, resulting in the release of the song \"\"I'm Your Boy\"\". They held their first fanmeeting \"\"Heart to Heart\"\" for 1000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20761835",
"chunk_text": "BoybandPH\nsinging boyband hits such as Backstreetboys' \"\"I Want It that Way\"\", One Direction's \"\"Best Song Ever\"\" and All-4-One's \"\"I Swear\"\" with other aspirants. Murillo gained praises & a standing ovation together with other aspirants after singing All-4-One's \"\"I Swear\"\". He continued to wowed everyone with his performance of So Sick sung with Ford Valencia. In the 2-day finale, Murillo and his co-aspirant Russell Reyes performed Major Lazer's \"\"Cold Water\"\" where they received good comments from judges Yeng Constantino and Aga Mulach. He was the first winner to receive the highest combined scores from the judges' ratings and the number of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2577810",
"chunk_text": "\"Top One Project\"\nnationwide to form the newest boy band sensation. Eighteen contectants went through rigorous training in singing and dancing under The CompanY's Moy Ortiz, Sweet Plantado and OJ Mariano; Sonic State Audio writers and producers Chino David, Brian Lotho, Tony V and Jon Ong; Madelle and Prince Paltu-ob, and Jesse \"\"Reflex\"\" Gotangco of Philippine All Stars; and the Maestro Ryan Cayabyab. In the series' finale, Adrian Pascual, Joshua Jacobe, Louie Pedroso, Mico Cruz, and Miko Manguba were named the grand winners and formed Top One Project. Prior to joining the contest, Manguba, Pedroso and Cruz, are veteran performers in their school",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6699803",
"chunk_text": "BoybandPH\nofficial single \"\"Unli\"\" in 2016 and \"\"Somebody\"\" a cover of Depeche Mode in 2017. All three songs are included in their self-titled debut album \"\"BoybandPH\"\" released on February 4, 2017. They were also featured on Jona Viray's single \"\"Til the End of Time\"\". BoybandPH BoybandPH is a Filipino boyband group composed of Ford Valencia, Joao Constancia, Niel Murillo, Russell Reyes, and Tristan Ramirez. The group was formed on December 11, 2016 after winning ABS-CBN's reality show \"\"Pinoy Boyband Superstar\"\", a franchise of Simon Cowell's singing competition \"\"La Banda\"\". After winning \"\"Pinoy Boyband Superstar\"\", the group released their first single on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9611768",
"chunk_text": "\"IHeartRadio Music Awards\"\nin 2018), includes social hashtags as the primary voting mechanism. The categories cover an array of genres, including alternative rock, hip-hop, R&B, Latin and regional Mexican music. Public-voting categories through social media are indicated with a double dagger (). The honor is presented to artists for their contribution to popular culture. Most wins (as of 2018) Most nominations (as of 2018) IHeartRadio Music Awards The iHeartRadio Music Awards is a music awards show that celebrates music heard throughout the year across iHeartMedia radio stations nationwide and on iHeartRadio, iHeartMedia's digital music platform. Founded by iHeartRadio in 2014, the event recognizes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1070332",
"chunk_text": "Rak-Su\nRak-Su Rak-Su are a British boy band, formed in Watford. The band's name is a shortening of \"\"Tracks v. Suits\"\", i.e. \"\"music and fun vs. adult life.\"\" They rose to fame when they won the fourteenth series of \"\"The X Factor\"\" UK in 2017 mentored by Simon Cowell. The group is made up of Ashley Fongho, Jamaal Shurland, Mustafa Rahimtulla and Myles Stephenson. \"\"Dimelo\"\", which featured Naughty Boy and Wyclef Jean, was released as their winner's single; its release marked the first time a winner's single was written by the winning competitor. It entered the UK Singles Chart at number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1921516",
"chunk_text": "\"3rd Indonesian Choice Awards\"\nfirst announced on 27 April 2016 by NET via Twitter. Musician Isyana Sarasvati received the most nominations with three. Isyana Sarasvati and Rizky Febian were the biggest winners of the night, both receiving two awards. Other winners included Tulus, who won \"\"Male Singer of the Year\"\" and GAC, who won \"\"Band/Duo/Group of the Year\"\". Musician and songwriter Yovie Widianto received the special \"\"Lifetime Achievement Award\"\" from the Chief of the Creative Economy Agency Triawan Munaf for his consistent dedication to promoting and developing the Indonesian music industry with quality featuring a number of songs about heartbreak and romance. Voting for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13445741",
"chunk_text": "Rak-Su\nthe label stating that they will no longer work with Modest! Management, who manages both acts. They are now signed to RCA Records. Rak-Su Rak-Su are a British boy band, formed in Watford. The band's name is a shortening of \"\"Tracks v. Suits\"\", i.e. \"\"music and fun vs. adult life.\"\" They rose to fame when they won the fourteenth series of \"\"The X Factor\"\" UK in 2017 mentored by Simon Cowell. The group is made up of Ashley Fongho, Jamaal Shurland, Mustafa Rahimtulla and Myles Stephenson. \"\"Dimelo\"\", which featured Naughty Boy and Wyclef Jean, was released as their winner's single;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4272737",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Jin-woo (musician)\"\npartake in the show as a fixed member. In January 2018, Jinwoo appeared on JTBC reality program \"\"Live a Good Life\"\" as a prisoner along with fellow label-mate Kwon Hyun-bin and Yoo Byung-jae. The reality show is a joint production of YG Entertainment and JTBC. List of awards and nominations received by Winner Individual Awards and Nominations: Kim Jin-woo (musician) Kim Jin-woo (born September 26, 1991), better known mononymously Jinwoo or Jinu, is a South Korean singer and actor. He is the lead vocalist of the South Korean boy group Winner, formed in 2013 by YG Entertainment through the survival",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "208044",
"chunk_text": "\"Lena Park\"\nby BoA, for \"\"hwangseongje project superhero 1st Line up\"\", the O.S.T \"\"My Everything\"\" for the variety show We Got Married and the O.S.T. My Wish/Only In My Heart () for The Heirs drama. On September 18, 2013 she won the special episode of \"\"I Am A Singer - Best 10\"\" ( Best 10), beating Insooni for only three votes. In 2014 she started the project \"\"Syncrofusion\"\" with \"\"Next Year\"\" () and the M/V of \"\"Double Kiss\"\", closing it in October with \"\"\"\"Syncrofusion\"\" ) \"\"2nd Lena Park + Brand New Music\"\"\"\" and a cover of her song \"\"Sweet\"\" (; feat. Verbal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16076730",
"chunk_text": "\"Miko Manguba\"\nwith hundreds of male singers from different school organizations. He was selected by a director from the network. Manguba stood as the leader for Team C and the new Team B, succeeding in five out of eight showdowns (\"\"Showdown 1: Boyband songs\"\", \"\"Showdown 2: Family\"\", \"\"Showdown 4: Fun\"\", \"\"Showdown 6: OPM Love Songs\"\", and \"\"Showdown 7: Ryan Cayabyab songs/TTT Originals\"\") plus another win during the Composition Challenge (\"\"\"\"Taksil Si Yaya\"\"\"\"). Manguba was one of the five grand winners of the show in September 2015. Following \"\"To The Top\"\", Top One Project was signed under GMA Artist Center and GMA Records",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2836683",
"chunk_text": "\"Global Awards\"\nAwards ceremony was held on Thursday 1 March 2018 at London's Eventim Apollo. It started at 7:30 pm. It was shown live on Capital TV and Heart TV. It was also available to watch on the Capital FM Website, on all the socials and on the radio. The Capital FM Global Awards radio schedule was as follows: Backstage on Capital Drive Time from 4pm GMT until 7pm GMT and then JJ, live from backstage from 7pm GMT chatting to the guests. Performances and special appearances from Sam Smith, Rita Ora, Kasabian, Martin Garrix, Andrea Bocelli and Liam Payne. Roman Kemp,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20095775",
"chunk_text": "\"Ulala Session\"\nUlala Session Ulala Session () is a South Korean boy band that rose to fame after winning the 2011 television talent show \"\"Superstar K 3\"\". The group currently consists of members Kim Myung-hoon, Park Seung-il, Choe Do-won, and Ha Jun-seok. The group originally included Lim Yoon-taek, who died from gastric cancer in 2013, and Park Kwang-sun, who left after enlisting in the military in 2015. Choe and Ha joined the group in 2016. Prior to their appearance on \"\"Superstar K3\"\", the group was not widely known in South Korea, performing \"\"anywhere, even in the middle of a schoolyard if there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20336840",
"chunk_text": "\"Gaon Music Chart\"\nincluded a small awarding ceremony, which awarded girl group Girls' Generation with top artist of January and boy band Super Junior with best album of 2009. Meanwhile, Hit single \"\"We Fell In Love\"\", performed by Jo Kwon of 2AM and Ga-in of Brown Eyed Girls, took the title of best weekly mobile ringtone. In February 2011, it published information on both online and offline album sales of 2010, including a detailed breakdown of online chart data and was the first time that off-line album sales was released since 2008 when the Music Industry Association of Korea stopped compiling data. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8967320",
"chunk_text": "\"Mowzey Radio\"\ndied on 1 February 2018 at Case Clinic in Kampala, Uganda, from a blood clot in his brain sustained in an altercation at a club in Entebbe a few days earlier. He was laid to rest at Nakawuka in Wakiso District. Radio is a fifteen-time HiPipoMusicAwards Winner. Below are the categories he won. 20186th HiPipo Music Awards winner 20175th HiPipo Music Awards winner 20164th HiPipo Music Awards winner 20153rd HiPipo Music Awards winner 20142nd HiPipo Music Awards winner Mowzey Radio Moses Nakintije Ssekibogo (January 25, 1985 – February 1, 2018), also known as Mowzey Radio, sometimes referred to as Moses",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18550849",
"chunk_text": "\"The Boy Bands Have Won\"\nThe Boy Bands Have Won The Boy Bands Have Won, and All the Copyists and the Tribute Bands and the TV Talent Show Producers Have Won, If We Allow Our Culture to Be Shaped by Mimicry, Whether from Lack of Ideas or from Exaggerated Respect. You Should Never Try to Freeze Culture. What You Can Do Is Recycle That Culture. Take Your Older Brother's Hand-Me-Down Jacket and Re-Style It, Re-Fashion It to the Point Where It Becomes Your Own. But Don't Just Regurgitate Creative History, or Hold Art and Music and Literature as Fixed, Untouchable and Kept Under Glass. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15743463",
"chunk_text": "\"Bryan Termulo\"\npart of his career move, he moved to ABS-CBN and became a part of Star Magic and was chosen to be a part of all boy group Boys R Boys. In 2012, Bryan released his second album \"\"Hanggang Ngayon\"\". In 2013, just a day after Bryan's 25th birthday, his first major concert took place at Music Museum entitled \"\"BRYAN XXV\"\". With guest performers Khen Magat, Bugoy Drilon, Angeline Quinto and KZ Tandingan Bryan Termulo Bryan Termulo (born March 8, 1988 in Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines) is a singer from the Philippines, who was the runner-up in \"\"Pinoy Pop Superstar\"\" Year 3.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20761833",
"chunk_text": "BoybandPH\nHe performed \"\"Grow Old with You\"\" earning praises for his unique charm and appeal, despite his average vocal talent. For his grand finals performance, Joao performed \"\"Twerk it Like Miley,\"\" much to the delight of the fans and the judges. Aside from his music interests, he can also speak Mandarin fluently. In 2018, he have a first-solo teleserye project the title \"\"Ngayon At Kailanman\"\" with Joshua Garcia and Julia Barretto. Orlando Sinangote Murillo IV (born January 12, 1999) the fourth child of eight, to parents Orlando Murillo Jr. and Edwina Sinangote-Murillo. A native of Bogo City in Cebu, Niel started",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8935116",
"chunk_text": "\"Jay Park\"\nLook\"\", in April, with the lead single \"\"Abandoned\"\". \"\"Take a Deeper Look\"\" debuted at number three in the \"\"Billboard\"\" World Album Charts and ranked number 26 on the Billboard Heatseekers Albums Chart. Park also made his debut as a solo artist on Korean music shows such as KBS' \"\"Music Bank\"\", Mnet's \"\"M! Countdown\"\", MBC's \"\"Music Core\"\" and SBS' \"\"Inkigayo\"\", returning for the first time in two years. Park made history as the first artist crowned winner at a debut stage, as he won \"\"Music Bank\"\" on May 6 and won again a week later on May 13. On August 6,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13389622",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Awards for Best Theme Song\"\nfrom the entire judging panel. This rule was amended from 2014 onwards such that winners are selected by a majority vote from both the entire judging panel and the public via online voting. Since its inception, the award has been given to 14 performers or performer groups. Kenny Khoo & Desmond Ng were the most recent winners in this category for their theme song, 《以刚克刚》 in \"\"When Duty Calls\"\". Power Station, Kelvin Tan & Kit Chan remain as the only three performers or performer groups to win in this category thrice. In addition, Fann Wong had been nominated on five",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12632244",
"chunk_text": "Boi-1da\nThe Neptunes. The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) hosts a series of awards shows, honoring people in different music categories; pop music is one of its seven categories. In 2011, Drake presented the award to him and 40. They both won the ASCAP Pop Music Award for the Songwriters of the Year for \"\"Over\"\". The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Boi-1da has been nominated fourteen times and won none. Boi-1da Matthew Jehu Samuels (born October 12, 1986), professionally known as Boi-1da ( , a play on \"\"boy wonder\"\"),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1347808",
"chunk_text": "Boys24\nfrom a pool of 49 free-agents. The show consists of 8 episodes, airing from June 18, 2016 to August 6, 2016. The highest ratings for this show is 0.8%. The winners of BOYS24 are Unit Yellow, Unit White, Unit Green, and Unit Sky. Unit Yellow were selected as the MVP team and were awarded 200 million won (approximately $171,220) of investment into their music production and unit activities promotion. Sangmin from Unit Sky withdrew from BOYS24 due to personal reasons, which included health issues. Online votes were held to pick five contestants who were formerly eliminated on the show to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2577809",
"chunk_text": "\"Top One Project\"\nTop One Project Top One Project (abbreviated as T.O.P.) is a Filipino boy band based in the Philippines, composed of the grand winners of GMA Network's reality show \"\"To The Top\"\" — Adrian Pascual, Joshua Jacobe, Louie Pedroso, Mico Cruz, and Miko Manguba. The group signed under GMA Artist Center and GMA Records after winning the competition in 2015. The group released their debut album digitally on April 28, 2016 with their carrier single, \"\"Pag-gising.\"\" In 2015, GMA Network created \"\"To The Top\"\", the Philippines' first multi-platform boy band competition. The competition invited talented male singers from different school organizations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2447155",
"chunk_text": "\"Mnet Asian Music Award for Artist of the Year\"\nMusic Awards held that year. Throughout the history of Mnet Asian Music Awards only 2 recipients received the award more than once. Mnet Asian Music Award for Artist of the Year The Mnet Asian Music Award for Artist of the Year (올해의 가수상) is a \"\"daesang\"\" (or grand prize) award presented annually by CJ E&M Pictures (Mnet). It was first awarded at the 8th Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony held in 2006; the five-member boyband group TVXQ won the award, and it is given in honor for artists with artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the music industry.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6842441",
"chunk_text": "\"Dami Im\"\nby the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association. Im became the first \"\"X Factor Australia\"\" contestant to follow up a number one single with a number one album on the ARIA Charts. Im's third studio album, \"\"Heart Beats\"\", was released in 2014 and became her second top-ten album. It produced the top-twenty hits \"\"Super Love\"\" and \"\"Gladiator\"\". Im represented Australia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 held in Stockholm, Sweden, with the song \"\"Sound of Silence\"\", where she won the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16386134",
"chunk_text": "\"SM Station Season 1\"\n\"\"Spring Love\"\" by Wendy and Eric Nam, \"\"The Day\"\" by Baekhyun and K.Will, \"\"No Matter What\"\" by BoA and Beenzino, \"\"Dancing King\"\" by EXO and Yoo Jae-suk, \"\"Always in My Heart\"\" by Joy and Seulong, and \"\"Sweet Dream\"\" by Kim Hee-chul and Min Kyung-hoon. \"\"Rain\"\" and \"\"Spring Love\"\" received various nominations at year-end music awards, among which \"\"Rain\"\" won a Digital Bonsang at the 31st Golden Disk Awards and \"\"Sweet Dream\"\" won a Best Rock Song at the MelOn Music Awards. The first season ended on February 3, 2017 with the 52nd single \"\"Curtain\"\" by Suho. SM Station Season 1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18468580",
"chunk_text": "\"Baek A-yeon\"\nfourth mini album, \"\"Dear Me\"\" will be released on November 21, 2018 with the lead single \"\"Sorry, Heart\"\". \"\"Inkigayo\"\" (인기가요; \"\"The Music Trend\"\") is a music television program aired by Seoul Broadcasting System (SBS). \"\"M Countdown\"\" is a South Korean music program broadcast by Mnet. \"\"Music Bank\"\" is a South Korean music television program broadcast by Korean Broadcasting System (KBS). Baek A-yeon Baek A-yeon (born March 11, 1993) is a South Korean singer and songwriter signed under JYP Entertainment. She is best known as the second runner-up contestant of \"\"K-pop Star\"\". Baek was born on March 11, 1993 in Seongnam,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9611766",
"chunk_text": "\"IHeartRadio Music Awards\"\nIHeartRadio Music Awards The iHeartRadio Music Awards is a music awards show that celebrates music heard throughout the year across iHeartMedia radio stations nationwide and on iHeartRadio, iHeartMedia's digital music platform. Founded by iHeartRadio in 2014, the event recognizes the most popular artists and music over the past year. Winners are chosen per cumulative performance data, while the public is able to vote in several categories. The inaugural event was held on May 1, 2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. Its first two years were broadcast live on NBC, and since 2015 it is simulcast on TBS, TNT",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13263850",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy band\"\nat its peak. Japanese boy band Arashi has sold over 30 million copies of their records since their first release in 1999. They had the yearly best-selling single in Japan in 2008 and 2009. In 2003 SMAP released the single \"\"Sekai ni Hitotsu Dake no Hana\"\" that has become the third best-selling single ever in Japan, with over 3 million copies sold. In North America, the Jonas Brothers rose to fame from promotion on the Disney Channel in 2008. Other boy bands like JLS and Mindless Behavior also emerged and experienced remarkable success around this time. However, apart from them,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_426
|
where was the statue of liberty originally built?
|
n/a
|
[
"Paris",
"France"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428934",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nStatue of Liberty The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; ) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886. The Statue of Liberty is a figure of Libertas, a robed Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428965",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe Eiffel factory in the nearby Parisian suburb of Levallois-Perret. The change in structural material from masonry to iron allowed Bartholdi to change his plans for the statue's assembly. He had originally expected to assemble the skin on-site as the masonry pier was built; instead he decided to build the statue in France and have it disassembled and transported to the United States for reassembly in place on Bedloe's Island. In a symbolic act, the first rivet placed into the skin, fixing a copper plate onto the statue's big toe, was driven by United States Ambassador to France Levi P.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5253523",
"chunk_text": "\"Replicas of the Statue of Liberty\"\nThis statue was given in 1889 to France by U.S. citizens living in Paris to celebrate the French Revolution three years after the main statue in New York was inaugurated. In 1937, the statue was turned from looking east to looking west straight to the direction of the New York's statue. The statue is near the Grenelle Bridge on the Île aux Cygnes, a man-made island in the Seine (). It is high and weighs 14 tons. Inaugurated on July 4, 1889, it looks southwest, downriver along the Seine. Its tablet bears two dates: \"\"IV JUILLET 1776\"\" (July 4, 1776:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11709058",
"chunk_text": "\"Liberty Island\"\nLiberty Island Liberty Island is a federally owned island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty (\"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\"). The island is an exclave of the New York City borough of Manhattan, surrounded by the waters of Jersey City, New Jersey. Long known as Bedloe's Island, it was renamed by an act of the United States Congress in 1956. Liberty Island became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1937 through Presidential Proclamation 2250, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In 1966, it was listed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13429015",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nof the statue, made of stamped copper and in height, to states and municipalities across the United States. Though not a true replica, the statue known as the Goddess of Democracy temporarily erected during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 was similarly inspired by French democratic traditions—the sculptors took care to avoid a direct imitation of the Statue of Liberty. Among other recreations of New York City structures, a replica of the statue is part of the exterior of the New York-New York Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. As an American icon, the Statue of Liberty has been depicted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428937",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the \"\"New York World\"\", started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland. The statue was administered by the United States Lighthouse Board until 1901 and then by the Department",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428938",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nof War; since 1933 it has been maintained by the National Park Service. Public access to the balcony around the torch has been barred for safety since 1916. According to the National Park Service, the idea for the Statue of Liberty was first proposed by Édouard René de Laboulaye, president of the French Anti-Slavery Society and a prominent and important political thinker of his time. The project is traced to a mid-1865 conversation between de Laboulaye, a staunch abolitionist, and Frédéric Bartholdi, a sculptor. In after-dinner conversation at his home near Versailles, Laboulaye, an ardent supporter of the Union in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428972",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\n1889, there were 38 U.S. states), although this was not done. Above that, a balcony was placed on each side, framed by pillars. Bartholdi placed an observation platform near the top of the pedestal, above which the statue itself rises. According to author Louis Auchincloss, the pedestal \"\"craggily evokes the power of an ancient Europe over which rises the dominating figure of the Statue of Liberty\"\". The committee hired former army General Charles Pomeroy Stone to oversee the construction work. Construction on the foundation began in 1883, and the pedestal's cornerstone was laid in 1884. In Hunt's original conception, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11709157",
"chunk_text": "\"Liberty Island\"\nUtility services, including electricity, water, and sewage, to Liberty and Ellis Islands are provided from the New Jersey side. Mail is delivered from Battery Park. Liberty Island Liberty Island is a federally owned island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty (\"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\"). The island is an exclave of the New York City borough of Manhattan, surrounded by the waters of Jersey City, New Jersey. Long known as Bedloe's Island, it was renamed by an act of the United States Congress in 1956. Liberty Island became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428936",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nU.S. peoples. Because of the post-war instability in France, work on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s. In 1875, Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and the U.S. provide the site and build the pedestal. Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at international expositions. The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428943",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe war, Napoleon III was captured and deposed. Bartholdi's home province of Alsace was lost to the Prussians, and a more liberal republic was installed in France. As Bartholdi had been planning a trip to the United States, he and Laboulaye decided the time was right to discuss the idea with influential Americans. In June 1871, Bartholdi crossed the Atlantic, with letters of introduction signed by Laboulaye. Arriving at New York Harbor, Bartholdi focused on Bedloe's Island (now named Liberty Island) as a site for the statue, struck by the fact that vessels arriving in New York had to sail",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428970",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\ninside Fort Wood, a disused army base on Bedloe's Island constructed between 1807 and 1811. Since 1823, it had rarely been used, though during the Civil War, it had served as a recruiting station. The fortifications of the structure were in the shape of an eleven-point star. The statue's foundation and pedestal were aligned so that it would face southeast, greeting ships entering the harbor from the Atlantic Ocean. In 1881, the New York committee commissioned Richard Morris Hunt to design the pedestal. Within months, Hunt submitted a detailed plan, indicating that he expected construction to take about nine months.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428957",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe Panama Canal. The copper may have come from multiple sources and some of it is said to have come from a mine in Visnes, Norway, though this has not been conclusively determined after testing samples. According to Cara Sutherland in her book on the statue for the Museum of the City of New York, was needed to build the statue, and the French copper industrialist Eugène Secrétan donated of copper. Although plans for the statue had not been finalized, Bartholdi moved forward with fabrication of the right arm, bearing the torch, and the head. Work began at the Gaget,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13429019",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nit is seen half-buried in sand. It is knocked over in the science-fiction film \"\"Independence Day\"\" and in \"\"Cloverfield\"\" the head is ripped off. In Jack Finney's time-travel novel \"\"Time and Again\"\", the right arm of the statue, on display in the early 1880s in Madison Square Park, plays a crucial role. Robert Holdstock, consulting editor of \"\"The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction\"\", wondered in 1979: Statue of Liberty The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; ) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428973",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\npedestal was to have been made of solid granite. Financial concerns again forced him to revise his plans; the final design called for poured concrete walls, up to thick, faced with granite blocks. This Stony Creek granite came from the Beattie Quarry in Branford, Connecticut. The concrete mass was the largest poured to that time. Norwegian immigrant civil engineer Joachim Goschen Giæver designed the structural framework for the Statue of Liberty. His work involved design computations, detailed fabrication and construction drawings, and oversight of construction. In completing his engineering for the statue's frame, Giæver worked from drawings and sketches produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428963",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nto enable the statue to move slightly in the winds of New York Harbor and as the metal expanded on hot summer days, he loosely connected the support structure to the skin using flat iron bars which culminated in a mesh of metal straps, known as \"\"saddles\"\", that were riveted to the skin, providing firm support. In a labor-intensive process, each saddle had to be crafted individually. To prevent galvanic corrosion between the copper skin and the iron support structure, Eiffel insulated the skin with asbestos impregnated with shellac. Eiffel's design made the statue one of the earliest examples of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15915399",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty National Monument\"\nInside the statue, a plaque is engraved with words from \"\"The New Colossus\"\", the poem by Emma Lazarus: The national monument is located in Upper New York Bay east of Liberty State Park in Jersey City, New Jersey and southwest of Battery Park at the tip of Manhattan in New York City. Entrance is free, but there is a charge for the ferry service that all visitors must use. In 2007, a concession was granted to Statue Cruises to operate the transportation and ticketing facilities, replacing the Circle Line which had operated the service since 1953. The waters are patrolled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15915397",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty National Monument\"\nStatue of Liberty National Monument The Statue of Liberty National Monument is a United States National Monument located in the U.S. states of New Jersey and New York comprising Liberty Island and Ellis Island. It includes \"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty, situated on Liberty Island, and the former immigration station at Ellis Island, including the Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital. The monument is managed by the National Park Service as part of the National Parks of New York Harbor office. President Calvin Coolidge used his authority under the Antiquities Act to declare the statue a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428960",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\npay for the foundation and pedestal were formed in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia. The New York group eventually took on most of the responsibility for American fundraising and is often referred to as the \"\"American Committee\"\". One of its members was 19-year-old Theodore Roosevelt, the future governor of New York and president of the United States. On March 3, 1877, on his final full day in office, President Grant signed a joint resolution that authorized the President to accept the statue when it was presented by France and to select a site for it. President Rutherford B. Hayes, who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13056975",
"chunk_text": "\"Liberty Island\"\nwas a gift from the people of France to mark the American Centennial. It was agreed that the Congress would authorize the acceptance of the statue by the President of the United States, and that the War Department would facilitate its construction and presentation. The construction of the statue was completed in France in July 1884. The cornerstone was laid on August 5, 1884, and after some funding delays, construction of the pedestal was finished on April 22, 1886. The statue arrived in New York Harbor on June 17, 1885, on board the French frigate \"\"Isère\"\", was stored for eleven",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5257919",
"chunk_text": "\"Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi\"\nborn, at 30 Rue des Marchands. Bartholdi's other major works include a variety of statues at Clermont-Ferrand, in Paris, and in other places. Notable works include: Notes Sources Further reading Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (; 2 August 1834 – 4 October 1904) was a French sculptor who is best known for designing \"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty. Bartholdi was born in Colmar, France, 2 August 1834. He was born to a family of German Protestant (Alsatian) and Italian heritage, with his family name Romanticized from Barthold. Jean Charles Bartholdi (1791–1836) and Augusta",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428967",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nSuez Canal. The completed statue was formally presented to Ambassador Morton at a ceremony in Paris on July 4, 1884, and de Lesseps announced that the French government had agreed to pay for its transport to New York. The statue remained intact in Paris pending sufficient progress on the pedestal; by January 1885, this had occurred and the statue was disassembled and crated for its ocean voyage. The committees in the United States faced great difficulties in obtaining funds for the construction of the pedestal. The Panic of 1873 had led to an economic depression that persisted through much of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428978",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nin, the committee resumed work on the pedestal. On June 17, 1885, the French steamer \"\"Isère\"\", arrived in New York with the crates holding the disassembled statue on board. New Yorkers displayed their new-found enthusiasm for the statue. Two hundred thousand people lined the docks and hundreds of boats put to sea to welcome the ship. After five months of daily calls to donate to the statue fund, on August 11, 1885, the \"\"World\"\" announced that $102,000 had been raised from 120,000 donors, and that 80 percent of the total had been received in sums of less than one dollar.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17334197",
"chunk_text": "\"Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi\"\nFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (; 2 August 1834 – 4 October 1904) was a French sculptor who is best known for designing \"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty. Bartholdi was born in Colmar, France, 2 August 1834. He was born to a family of German Protestant (Alsatian) and Italian heritage, with his family name Romanticized from Barthold. Jean Charles Bartholdi (1791–1836) and Augusta Charlotte Bartholdi ( Beysser; 1801–1891), Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi was the youngest of their four children, and one of only two to survive infancy, along with the oldest brother, Jean-Charles, who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11777847",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Freedom\"\nthe voyage, the ship began to leak and stopped in Gibraltar for repairs. After leaving Gibraltar, the ship began leaking again to the point that it could go no farther than Bermuda, where the model was stored until other transportation could be arranged. Half of the crates finally arrived in New York City in December, but all sections were not in Washington, D.C. until late March 1859. Beginning in 1860, the statue was cast in five main sections by Clark Mills, whose bronze foundry was located on the outskirts of Washington. Work was halted in 1861 because of the Civil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13429010",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nUpper New York Bay on Liberty Island south of Ellis Island, which together comprise the Statue of Liberty National Monument. Both islands were ceded by New York to the federal government in 1800. As agreed in an 1834 compact between New York and New Jersey that set the state border at the bay's midpoint, the original islands remain New York territory though located on the New Jersey side of the state line. Liberty Island is one of the islands that are part of the borough of Manhattan in New York. Land created by reclamation added to the original island at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10046255",
"chunk_text": "\"Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty\"\nConservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty A centennial conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty (\"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\") occurred between 1984 and 1986. The Statue of Liberty, by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, is a colossal artwork on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, and is a part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument. Much of the restoration effort was based on unprecedented restorative methods, as metallurgical repair work on such a large scale had never been attempted. Many scientists, engineers, government organizations, and professional consultants evaluated and dealt with the various problems and tasks facing the restoration effort.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1876927",
"chunk_text": "\"SS Frederick Bartholdi\"\nSS Frederick Bartholdi SS \"\"Frederick Bartholdi\"\" was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Frederick Bartholdi, French sculptor who is best known for designing \"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty. \"\"Frederick Bartholdi\"\" was laid down on 29 August 1943, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 1503, by J.A. Jones Construction, Brunswick, Georgia; sponsored by Mrs. O.H. Hall, and launched on 9 November 1943. She was allocated to the West India Steamship Company, on 11 November 1943. On 24 December 1943, she ran aground off",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17769206",
"chunk_text": "\"Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty\"\nthe toughness of 19th century industrial construction and the grace of a cathedral.\"\" Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty A centennial conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty (\"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\") occurred between 1984 and 1986. The Statue of Liberty, by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, is a colossal artwork on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, and is a part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument. Much of the restoration effort was based on unprecedented restorative methods, as metallurgical repair work on such a large scale had never been attempted. Many scientists, engineers, government organizations, and professional consultants",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4130029",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame of Liberty\"\nFlame of Liberty The Flame of Liberty (\"\"Flamme de la Liberté\"\") in Paris is a full-sized, gold-leaf-covered replica of the flame of the torch from the Statue of Liberty (\"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\"), located at the entrance to the harbor of New York City since 1886. The monument, which measures approximately 3.5 metres in height, is a sculpture of a flame, executed in gilded copper, supported by a pedestal of gray-and-black marble. It is located near the northern end of the Pont de l'Alma, on the Place de l'Alma, in the 8th arrondissement. It was offered to Paris in 1989",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428942",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nit was never erected. There was a classical precedent for the Suez proposal, the Colossus of Rhodes: an ancient bronze statue of the Greek god of the sun, Helios. This statue is believed to have been over high, and it similarly stood at a harbor entrance and carried a light to guide ships. Both the khedive and Lesseps declined the proposed statue from Bartholdi, citing the expensive cost. The Port Said Lighthouse was built instead, by François Coignet in 1869. Any large project was further delayed by the Franco-Prussian War, in which Bartholdi served as a major of militia. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16744776",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty (Seattle)\"\nthe first settlement there \"\"New York Alki\"\" before moving to modern-day Downtown Seattle. The site was near a location proposed for a \"\"grand monument\"\" in the 1911 city plan outlined by Virgil Bogue. The original statue was constructed using stamped copper sheets and was repeatedly damaged by vandals. The entire statue was knocked off its base by vandals in 1975, requiring $350 in repairs funded by the city's parks department. A miniature version of the statue, left inside the larger statue's pedestal base, was re-discovered with a ripped arm that mirrored the acts of an earlier vandal. It was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16744775",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty (Seattle)\"\nStatue of Liberty (Seattle) The Statue of Liberty, or Lady Liberty, is a replica of the Statue of Liberty, installed at Seattle's Alki Beach Park, in the U.S. state of Washington. It was installed in 1952 by the Boy Scouts of America and underwent a significant restoration in 2007 after repeated vandalism had damaged the sculpture. The sculpture was donated to the city by the Boy Scouts of America in 1952, as part of the Strengthen the Arm of Liberty campaign. It was installed in February 1952 at a site near the landing spot of the Denny Party, who named",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5253524",
"chunk_text": "\"Replicas of the Statue of Liberty\"\nthe United States Declaration of Independence) like the New York statue, and \"\"XIV JUILLET 1789\"\" (July 14, 1789: the storming of the Bastille) associated with an equal sign. This statue is shown in the film \"\"\"\" as a historic location. The tall original plaster maquette finished in 1878 by Auguste Bartholdi that was used to make the statue in New York is in the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris. This original plaster was bequeathed by the artist's widow in 1907, together with part of the artist's estate. On the square outside the Musée des Arts et Métierss entrance",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428980",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nof Engineers vetoed the proposal, fearing that ships' pilots passing the statue would be blinded. Instead, Bartholdi cut portholes in the torch—which was covered with gold leaf—and placed the lights inside them. A power plant was installed on the island to light the torch and for other electrical needs. After the skin was completed, renowned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, co-designer of New York's Central Park and Brooklyn's Prospect Park, supervised a cleanup of Bedloe's Island in anticipation of the dedication. A ceremony of dedication was held on the afternoon of October 28, 1886. President Grover Cleveland, the former New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428988",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\npublic protest against the proposed exterior painting. The Army Corps of Engineers studied the patina for any ill effects to the statue and concluded that it protected the skin, \"\"softened the outlines of the Statue and made it beautiful.\"\" The statue was painted only on the inside. The Corps of Engineers also installed an elevator to take visitors from the base to the top of the pedestal. On July 30, 1916, during World War I, German saboteurs set off a disastrous explosion on the Black Tom peninsula in Jersey City, New Jersey, in what is now part of Liberty State",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428941",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nBartholdi. Given the repressive nature of the regime of Napoleon III, Bartholdi took no immediate action on the idea except to discuss it with Laboulaye. Bartholdi was in any event busy with other possible projects; in the late 1860s, he approached Isma'il Pasha, Khedive of Egypt, with a plan to build \"\"Progress\"\" or \"\"Egypt Carrying the Light to Asia\"\", a huge lighthouse in the form of an ancient Egyptian female \"\"fellah\"\" or peasant, robed and holding a torch aloft, at the northern entrance to the Suez Canal in Port Said. Sketches and models were made of the proposed work, though",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13429013",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nand dedicatory tablets on or near the Statue of Liberty. A group of statues stands at the western end of the island, honoring those closely associated with the Statue of Liberty. Two Americans—Pulitzer and Lazarus—and three Frenchmen—Bartholdi, Eiffel, and Laboulaye—are depicted. They are the work of Maryland sculptor Phillip Ratner. In 1984, the Statue of Liberty was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The UNESCO \"\"Statement of Significance\"\" describes the statue as a \"\"masterpiece of the human spirit\"\" that \"\"endures as a highly potent symbol—inspiring contemplation, debate and protest—of ideals such as liberty, peace, human rights, abolition of slavery, democracy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428961",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\ntook office the following day, selected the Bedloe's Island site that Bartholdi had proposed. On his return to Paris in 1877, Bartholdi concentrated on completing the head, which was exhibited at the 1878 Paris World's Fair. Fundraising continued, with models of the statue put on sale. Tickets to view the construction activity at the Gaget, Gauthier & Co. workshop were also offered. The French government authorized a lottery; among the prizes were valuable silver plate and a terracotta model of the statue. By the end of 1879, about 250,000 francs had been raised. The head and arm had been built",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428939",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe American Civil War, is supposed to have said: \"\"If a monument should rise in the United States, as a memorial to their independence, I should think it only natural if it were built by united effort—a common work of both our nations.\"\" The National Park Service, in a 2000 report, however, deemed this a legend traced to an 1885 fundraising pamphlet, and that the statue was most likely conceived in 1870. In another essay on their website, the Park Service suggested that Laboulaye was minded to honor the Union victory and its consequences, \"\"With the abolition of slavery and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15708978",
"chunk_text": "\"Gustave Eiffel\"\nGustave Eiffel Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (born Bonickhausen dit Eiffel; ; ; 15 December 183227 December 1923) was a French civil engineer. A graduate of École Centrale Paris, he made his name building various bridges for the French railway network, most famously the Garabit viaduct. He is best known for the world-famous Eiffel Tower, built for the 1889 Universal Exposition in Paris, and his contribution to building the Statue of Liberty in New York. After his retirement from engineering, Eiffel focused on research into meteorology and aerodynamics, making significant contributions in both fields. Gustave Eiffel was born in Burgundy, France, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "960099",
"chunk_text": "\"Birth of the New World\"\nBirth of the New World The Birth of the New World (colloquially known as La Estatua de Colón, literally meaning \"\"The Statue of Columbus\"\") is a bronze sculpture located on the Atlantic coastline of Arecibo, Puerto Rico. When completed in 2016, it became the tallest sculpture in North America, surpassing Mexico's Guerrero Chimalli, which measures including its base. Originally conceived by Georgian sculptor Zurab Tsereteli as a monument to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's first voyage, \"\"Birth of the New World\"\" was constructed in 1991. The statue prominently depicts Columbus controlling an anachronistic depiction of a steering wheel,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428962",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nwith assistance from Viollet-le-Duc, who fell ill in 1879. He soon died, leaving no indication of how he intended to transition from the copper skin to his proposed masonry pier. The following year, Bartholdi was able to obtain the services of the innovative designer and builder Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel and his structural engineer, Maurice Koechlin, decided to abandon the pier and instead build an iron truss tower. Eiffel opted not to use a completely rigid structure, which would force stresses to accumulate in the skin and lead eventually to cracking. A secondary skeleton was attached to the center pylon, then,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428945",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nBut he remained concerned that popular opinion on both sides of the Atlantic was insufficiently supportive of the proposal, and he and Laboulaye decided to wait before mounting a public campaign. Bartholdi had made a first model of his concept in 1870. The son of a friend of Bartholdi's, U.S. artist John LaFarge, later maintained that Bartholdi made the first sketches for the statue during his U.S. visit at La Farge's Rhode Island studio. Bartholdi continued to develop the concept following his return to France. He also worked on a number of sculptures designed to bolster French patriotism after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1876929",
"chunk_text": "\"SS Frederick Bartholdi\"\nin September 1944, at Kames Bay. SS Frederick Bartholdi SS \"\"Frederick Bartholdi\"\" was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Frederick Bartholdi, French sculptor who is best known for designing \"\"Liberty Enlightening the World\"\", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty. \"\"Frederick Bartholdi\"\" was laid down on 29 August 1943, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 1503, by J.A. Jones Construction, Brunswick, Georgia; sponsored by Mrs. O.H. Hall, and launched on 9 November 1943. She was allocated to the West India Steamship Company, on 11 November 1943. On 24",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13429014",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nand opportunity.\"\" Hundreds of replicas of the Statue of Liberty are displayed worldwide. A smaller version of the statue, one-fourth the height of the original, was given by the American community in Paris to that city. It now stands on the Île aux Cygnes, facing west toward her larger sister. A replica tall stood atop the Liberty Warehouse on West 64th Street in Manhattan for many years; it now resides at the Brooklyn Museum. In a patriotic tribute, the Boy Scouts of America, as part of their Strengthen the Arm of Liberty campaign in 1949–1952, donated about two hundred replicas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10320431",
"chunk_text": "\"Édouard René de Laboulaye\"\nÉdouard René de Laboulaye Édouard René Lefèbvre de Laboulaye () (18 January 1811 – 25 May 1883) was a French jurist, poet, author and anti-slavery activist. In 1865 he originated the idea of a monument presented by the French people to the United States that resulted in the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. He got the idea thinking that this would help strengthen their relationship with the United States. Laboulaye was received at the bar in 1842, and was chosen professor of comparative law at the Collège de France in 1849. Following the Paris Commune of 1870, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16722003",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Hopkinson Smith\"\nFrancis Hopkinson Smith Francis Hopkinson Smith (October 23, 1838 – April 7, 1915) was a United States author, artist and engineer. He built the foundation for the Statue of Liberty, wrote many famous stories and received awards for his paintings. Smith was born in Baltimore, Maryland, a descendant of Francis Hopkinson, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He graduated from the Boys' Latin School of Maryland. Smith became a contractor in New York City and did much work for the federal government, including the stone ice-breaker at Bridgeport, Connecticut, the jetties at the mouth of the Connecticut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14322340",
"chunk_text": "\"Elephantine Colossus\"\nentrance, a circular stairway. Construction was reported to have cost $65,000. Built two years before the Statue of Liberty, it was said to be the first artificial structure visible to immigrants arriving to the United States. Construction required 3,500,000 feet of lumber, 11,000 kegs of nails, 12 tons of iron bolts and 57,000 square feet of tin to cover the structure. Originally intended to serve as a hotel, the elephant contained novelty stalls, a gallery, a grand hall, and a museum in what would be the elephant's left lung. The elephant's eyes contained telescopes and acted as an observatory for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13428982",
"chunk_text": "\"Statue of Liberty\"\nthe parade could pass in front of the \"\"World\"\" building on Park Row. As the parade passed the New York Stock Exchange, traders threw ticker tape from the windows, beginning the New York tradition of the ticker-tape parade. A nautical parade began at 12:45 p.m., and President Cleveland embarked on a yacht that took him across the harbor to Bedloe's Island for the dedication. De Lesseps made the first speech, on behalf of the French committee, followed by the chairman of the New York committee, Senator William M. Evarts. A French flag draped across the statue's face was to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_427
|
what language is the olympic anthem sang in?
|
n/a
|
[
"Greek"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6834542",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Hymn\"\nedition of the games. The anthem by Samaras and Palamas was declared the official Olympic Anthem by the International Olympic Committee in 1958 at the 54th Session of the IOC in Tokyo, Japan. Since 1960, it has been played at each Olympic Games: during the opening ceremony when the Olympic flag is hoisted, and during the closing ceremony when the Olympic flag is lowered. If the anthem is to be performed in English, then the English sung version is used, which has been usually in English-speaking countries. If it is to be performed in a language other than English or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16132365",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Hymn\"\nperformed in many different languages, usually as a result of the hosting of either form of the Games in various countries. The IOC doesn’t require that the anthem be performed in either English or Greek. But in the 2008 Olympic opening and closing ceremonies in Beijing, China, Greek was sung instead of the host country's official language, Mandarin. Also in the 2016 Olympic opening ceremonies in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, English was also sung instead of host country's official language, Portuguese. Olympic Hymn The Olympic Hymn (, \"\"Olympiakós Ýmnos\"\"), also known informally as the Olympic Anthem, is a choral cantata",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12975436",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Hymn\"\nGreek, then the original version is translated to the language it is to be performed but in the 2008 Beijing games, Greek was also sung instead of Chinese and in the 2016 Rio de Janeiro games, English was also sung instead of Portuguese. The only Olympic games in which lyrics of the English version were used in translation were the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Donovan Seidle, associate music director during the games, arranged the anthem, translating some of the stanzas to French in recognition of the official bilingualism in Canada. The anthem has been recorded and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9929902",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Hymn\"\nOlympic Hymn The Olympic Hymn (, \"\"Olympiakós Ýmnos\"\"), also known informally as the Olympic Anthem, is a choral cantata by opera composer Spyridon Samaras (1861-1917), with lyrics by Greek poet Kostis Palamas. Both poet and composer were the choice of the Greek Demetrius Vikelas, who was the first President of the International Olympic Committee. The anthem was performed for the first time for the ceremony of opening of the first edition at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. In the following years, every hosting nation commissioned to various musicians the composition of a specific Olympic hymn for their own",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13274432",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nofficial languages of the Olympic Movement. The other language used at each Olympic Games is the language of the host country (or languages, if a country has more than one official language apart from French or English). Every proclamation (such as the announcement of each country during the parade of nations in the opening ceremony) is spoken in these three (or more) languages, or the main two depending on whether the host country is an English or French speaking country: French is always spoken first, followed by an English translation, and then the dominant language of the host nation (when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13495777",
"chunk_text": "\"Music at sporting events\"\nto sporting events, particularly at their quadrenniel Olympic games. The revival of the Olympic games in 1896 also incorporated music into the festivities surrounding the competitions. On March 25 of that year, \"\"the Philharmonic Orchestra played the National Anthem and the first Olympic Hymn, written by poet Kostis Palamas and set to music by the well-known Greek composer Spyridon Samaras.\"\" Composer Carl Orff's O Fortuna is most commonly played over a sports venue's public-address system, just before the start of many important, significant professional and collegiate games. Within its first two notes, coupled with its booming operatic vocals and percussive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14406917",
"chunk_text": "\"1896 Summer Olympics\"\npeople.\"\" Afterwards, nine bands and 150 choir singers performed an Olympic Hymn, composed by Spyridon Samaras, with words by poet Kostis Palamas. Thereafter, a variety of musical offerings provided the backgrounds to the Opening Ceremonies until 1960, since which time the Samaras/Palamas composition has become the official Olympic Anthem (decision taken by the IOC Session in 1958). Other elements of current Olympic opening ceremonies were initiated later: the Olympic flame was first lit in 1928, the first athletes' oath was sworn at the 1920 Summer Olympics, and the first officials' oath was taken at the 1972 Olympic Games. At the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13991083",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic symbols\"\nas the \"\"Olympic Anthem\"\", is played when the Olympic flag is raised. It was composed by Spyridon Samaras with words from a poem of the Greek poet and writer Kostis Palamas. Both the poet and the composer were the choice of Demetrius Vikelas, a Greek Pro-European and the first President of the IOC. The anthem was performed for the first time for the ceremony of opening of the 1896 Athens Olympic Games but wasn't declared the official hymn by the IOC until 1958. In the following years, every hosting nation commissioned the composition of a specific Olympic hymn for their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5919682",
"chunk_text": "\"1992 Summer Olympics opening ceremony\"\n1992 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 1992 Summer Olympics took place in the evening on Saturday 25 July in the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys, Barcelona, Spain. As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings combined the formal and ceremonial opening of this international sporting event, including welcoming speeches, hoisting of the flags and the parade of athletes, with an artistic spectacle to showcase the host nation’s culture and history. Greek mezzo-soprano, Agnes Baltsa, sang \"\"Romiossini\"\" as the Olympic flag was taken around the stadium. Alfredo Kraus later sang the Olympic Hymn in both Catalan and Spanish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10265523",
"chunk_text": "Maamme\nSweden (Du gamla, Du fria) and Norway (Ja, vi elsker dette landet). There is no law regarding an official national anthem in Finland, in the way the Coat of arms and flag of Finland are legally defined. Instead its position has been established gradually by convention over the years. Today, \"\"Maamme\"\" is firmly established by convention. Children learn it in school; in formal occasions it is sung both in Finnish and in Swedish. It is played at sporting events, such as the Olympics. In the 1880s and in the 1920s there were more attempts to replace it with a Finnish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12792856",
"chunk_text": "\"1968 Winter Olympics\"\nflag and anthem. The black-red-gold flag with the white Olympic rings in the middle of it has been used at all Olympic Games since 1960, as well as the replacement anthem \"\"Ode an die Freude\"\" (Ode to Joy) from Beethoven's 9th symphony, which was used previously. Both countries presented themselves as completely independent from 1972. On 21 January 1968, Ralph Pöhland, who was 21, was one of the most famous East German winter olympians, fled to West Germany after the pre-Olympic tournament at Les Bioux, Switzerland. His assistant in helping to flee was Georg Thoma, a West German ski jumper.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5997087",
"chunk_text": "\"1964 Summer Olympics closing ceremony\"\nplacards were nowhere to be seen. The Japanese television networks were praised for covering the event live without losing their professional demeanor. When order was restored, the officially regulated ceremony was held, overseen by IOC president Avery Brundage. The athletes stood in a circle holding lights, and the large display above the field changed to read \"\"SAYONARA\"\". The national anthems of Greece, Japan, and Mexico as the next Olympic host country were played. As the closing ceremony completed with fireworks, the audience sang \"\"Hotaru no Hikari\"\" (the tune of Auld Lang Syne). The Showa Emperor was in attendance. 1964 Summer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12886690",
"chunk_text": "\"Trys Milijonai\"\nTrys Milijonai Trys Milijonai (\"\"Three Million\"\") is a Lithuanian song by a journalist, TV talk show host and singer Marijonas Mikutavičius (et al.), popularly regarded in Lithuania as the sports' anthem and the unofficial Lithuanian Olympic team anthem. The music for the song was written by Andrius Kauklys, Marius Narbutis, Darius Vaičiulis, Marijonas Mikutavičius and the lyrics were written by Marijonas Mikutavičius. The song was first recorded for the 2000 Sydney Olympics by Marijonas Mikutavičius, Deividas Staponkus (baritone), Audrius Rubežius (tenor), and Asta Krikščiūnaitė (soprano). The name comes from an approximation for the Lithuanian population. The actual population of Lithuania",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20217577",
"chunk_text": "\"Hand in Hand (Olympic theme song)\"\ncountries, including Sweden, West Germany, the Philippines, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Japan and Hong Kong. The album \"\"Hand in Hand\"\" sold more than 12 million copies worldwide. Hand in Hand (Olympic theme song) \"\"Hand in Hand\"\" () is a song by South Korean band Koreana that was the official song of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It was sung in both Korean and English. The song's running time was 4:13, and it was produced by Giovanni Giorgio Moroder. Its English lyrics were written by Tom Whitlock, and its Korean lyrics were written by Kim Moon-hwan. In 2013, Giovanni Giorgio Moroder",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6205860",
"chunk_text": "\"You and Me (Olympic theme song)\"\nYou and Me (Olympic theme song) You and Me () is the theme song for the 2008 Summer Olympics held in Beijing, People's Republic of China, which was performed in the opening ceremony of the Olympics by Liu Huan and Sarah Brightman. Zhang Yimou, director of the opening ceremony, chose the British singer which representing the next Olympic host nation in 2012 and over a local one in keeping to the game's theme of \"\"One World, One Dream\"\", signifying unity across language, race or religious barriers. The official version of this song lasts four minutes, ten seconds and was composed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16166410",
"chunk_text": "\"Inno delle nazioni\"\ndelle nazioni\"\", which contains the national anthems of England, France, and Italy (the World War I allied nations), to which Toscanini added the Soviet \"\"Internationale\"\" and \"\"The Star Spangled Banner\"\". The film, which featured a performance by Toscanini and the same forces as the 1943 broadcast, was narrated by Burgess Meredith. Another rendition was commissioned for the ending of the documentary 16 Days of Glory about the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. With Placido Domingo as tenor soloist, the new orchestration incorporated the national anthems of Finland, the Netherlands, Italy, Great Britain, France, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Germany, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10712480",
"chunk_text": "\"Sissel Kyrkjebø\"\nIcelandic, Faroese, German, Neapolitan, Māori, Japanese, and Latin. She is well known for singing the Olympic Hymn (Hymne Olympique) at the opening and closing ceremonies of the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway; for duets with Plácido Domingo, Charles Aznavour, José Carreras, Neil Sedaka, Josh Groban, Bryn Terfel, Mario Frangoulis, Russell Watson, Brian May, Diana Krall, Warren G and The Chieftains; and her participation on the \"\"Titanic\"\" film soundtrack. Sissel received her first U.S. Grammy nominations on 6 December 2007 for a collaboration with the Mormon Tabernacle Choir. \"\"Spirit of the Season,\"\" a collection of songs from the choir's 2006",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "104621",
"chunk_text": "\"Roger Doucet\"\nRoger Doucet Roger Doucet, (21 April 1919 – 19 July 1981) was a Canadian tenor best known for singing the Canadian national anthem, \"\"O Canada\"\", on televised games of the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Alouettes, and Montreal Expos during the 1970s. He was particularly known for his bilingual version of the anthem, which began in French and ended in English, in recognition of the two languages of Canada. Doucet's first performance of the national anthem at a Canadiens game was on 13 October 1970. Author Andrew Podnieks noted that Doucet \"\"belted the anthem with an enthusiasm that energized the crowd as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14076789",
"chunk_text": "\"O Canada\"\n\"\"For Christ and King!\"\" The battle cry: \"\"For Christ and King!\"\"</poem> \"\"O Canada\"\" is routinely played before sporting events involving Canadian teams. Singers at such public events often mix the English and French lyrics to represent Canada's linguistic duality. Other linguistic variations have also been performed: During the opening ceremonies of the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, \"\"O Canada\"\" was sung in the southern Tutchone language by Yukon native Daniel Tlen. At a National Hockey League (NHL) game in Calgary, in February 2007, Cree singer Akina Shirt became the first person ever to perform \"\"O Canada\"\" in the Cree language",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12404215",
"chunk_text": "U-S-A!\nU-S-A! \"\"U-S-A!\"\" is a chant of the United States of America's initials popular in expressing U.S. pride and supporting U.S. national sports teams. It is also used in other community events, such as at political rallies, and at times it has been used to satire jingoistic or mindless group behavior. The film \"\"Olympia: Festival of Nations\"\", documenting the 1936 Summer Olympics, includes the chant during the finals of the 1,500 meter event and the long jump. It was also documented at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, during the basketball tournament final between the United States and the Soviet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10106643",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympische Hymne\"\nOlympische Hymne Olympische Hymne (Olympic Hymn) is a composition for orchestra and mixed chorus by Richard Strauss. In 1932, Richard Strauss was approached by Dr. Theodor Lewald, the German Olympic Committee’s representative to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The German committee desired an anthem composed for the 1936 Summer Olympics to be held in Berlin. Early in 1933, Strauss agreed to compose an Olympic Hymn, with the condition that a suitable text be found to set to music. However, in 1933, the IOC had chosen Walter Bradley-Keeler's \"\"Hymne Olympique\"\", written for the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics, as the official Olympic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7885354",
"chunk_text": "\"Sumi Hwang\"\nVoci in Salzburg. In 2013, she also received first prize at the Anneliese Rothenberger Competition. In May 2014, Sumi Hwang won the first prize in the Queen Elisabeth Competition in Belgium. Later that year, she made her USA debut at the Phillips Collection. She joined the ensemble of Theater Bonn since September 2014. She performed the Olympic Hymn, singing in Greek, at the opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang Sumi Hwang Sumi Hwang (; born 25 January 1986) is a South Korean soprano. Hwang was born in Yecheon, South Korea. She studied at the Seoul National University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2416246",
"chunk_text": "Anthem\nThe Olympic Movement also has its own anthem. Esperanto speakers at meetings often use the song \"\"La Espero\"\" as their anthem. The first South Asian Anthem by poet-diplomat Abhay K may inspire SAARC to come up with an official SAARC Anthem. \"\"Ireland's Call\"\" was commissioned as the anthem of both the Ireland national rugby union team and the Ireland national rugby league team, which are composed of players from both jurisdictions on the island of Ireland, in response to dissatisfaction among Northern Ireland unionists with the use of the Republic of Ireland's anthem. \"\"Ireland's Call\"\" has since been used by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4890289",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nAustralia and Europe). The coloured version of the rings—blue, yellow, black, green, and red—over a white field forms the Olympic flag. These colours were chosen because every nation had at least one of them on its national flag. The flag was adopted in 1914 but flown for the first time only at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. It has since been hoisted during each celebration of the Games. The Olympic motto, \"\"Citius, Altius, Fortius\"\", a Latin expression meaning \"\"Faster, Higher, Stronger\"\" was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin in 1894 and has been official since 1924. The motto was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12886694",
"chunk_text": "\"Trys Milijonai\"\nplayed in Eurobasket 2007 and Eurobasket 2009. Trys Milijonai Trys Milijonai (\"\"Three Million\"\") is a Lithuanian song by a journalist, TV talk show host and singer Marijonas Mikutavičius (et al.), popularly regarded in Lithuania as the sports' anthem and the unofficial Lithuanian Olympic team anthem. The music for the song was written by Andrius Kauklys, Marius Narbutis, Darius Vaičiulis, Marijonas Mikutavičius and the lyrics were written by Marijonas Mikutavičius. The song was first recorded for the 2000 Sydney Olympics by Marijonas Mikutavičius, Deividas Staponkus (baritone), Audrius Rubežius (tenor), and Asta Krikščiūnaitė (soprano). The name comes from an approximation for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5731191",
"chunk_text": "\"Se Canta\"\nwords to the first verse and chorus even if they are not native Occitan speakers themselves. Notable occasions on which it has been sung include the opening ceremony of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin on February 10, 2006 (by L'Ange Gardien Chorus), and in the French National Assembly on June 3, 2003 (by Jean Lassalle, in protest at a perceived slight on the Pyrenean village of Urdos by Minister of the Interior Nicolas Sarkozy). \"\"Se Canta\"\" was commercially covered by a number of singers and bands, among which are Lou Dalfin, Patric, André Dassary, Charé Moulâ, Calabrun (from Germany),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6089761",
"chunk_text": "Anthem\nAnthem An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short sacred choral work (still frequently seen in Sacred Harp and other types of shape note singing) and still more particularly to a specific form of Anglican church music. \"\"Anthem\"\" is derived from the Greek (\"\"antíphōna\"\") via Old English . Both words originally referred to antiphons, a call-and-response style of singing. The adjectival form is \"\"anthemic\"\". Anthems were originally a form of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10259476",
"chunk_text": "\"Germany at the Summer Olympics\"\ncreate a distinct Flag of East Germany. As the use of the \"\"Deutschlandlied\"\", dating back to 1841 and 1797, of the recently created East German anthem, or of possible combinations was also rejected, Beethoven's melody to Schiller's Ode an die Freude (Ode to Joy) was played for winning German athletes as a compromise in lieu of a national anthem. During the Games of 1956, 1960 and 1964 the traditional abbreviation GER for Germany was used, or rather the equivalents in the language of the host country. In Innsbruck in 1964, the Austrian officials used the international license plate code of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6408241",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympische Hymne\"\nA slightly abbreviated version of the Olympische Hymne can be heard on the soundtrack to the closing sequence of part 1 of Leni Riefenstahl's Olympia, the film of the 1936 Olympics. (It follows the Marathon sequence.) Olympische Hymne Olympische Hymne (Olympic Hymn) is a composition for orchestra and mixed chorus by Richard Strauss. In 1932, Richard Strauss was approached by Dr. Theodor Lewald, the German Olympic Committee’s representative to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The German committee desired an anthem composed for the 1936 Summer Olympics to be held in Berlin. Early in 1933, Strauss agreed to compose an Olympic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10227615",
"chunk_text": "\"National anthem\"\nbecome the official Dutch national anthem until 1932. The Japanese national anthem, \"\"Kimigayo\"\", has the oldest lyrics, which were taken from a Heian period (794–1185) poem, yet it was not set to music until 1880. The Philippine national anthem \"\"Lupang Hinirang\"\" was composed in 1898 as wordless incidental music for the ceremony declaring independence from the Spanish Empire. The Spanish poem \"\"Filipinas\"\" was written the following year to serve as the anthem's lyrics; the current Tagalog version dates to 1962. \"\"God Save the Queen\"\", the national anthem of the United Kingdom and the royal anthem reserved for use in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1403605",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games ceremony\"\nthe dominant language of the area of the host city, if neither English nor French is the dominant language. In the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, the Greek flag led the parade, while the Greek team entered last, as the host nation; Saint Lucia (Αγία Λουκία in Greek) then entered first. In the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, both Spanish and Catalan were official languages of the games, but due to the political sensitivity surrounding the use of Catalan, the nations entered in French alphabetical order. For unknown reasons, all three games taking place in Japan had the nations enter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9290773",
"chunk_text": "\"Call of the Champions\"\nCall of the Champions Call of the Champions is a fanfare for orchestra and choir composed by John Williams for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. Premiering at the Opening Ceremony on February 8, 2002, it began with the call by the Mormon Tabernacle Choir of \"\"Citius! Altius! Fortius!\"\" (Faster, Higher, Stronger), which is the Olympic Motto chosen by the founder of the modern Games, Baron Pierre de Coubertin. The recording of this theme heard during the 2002 Winter Games was made November 27, 2001 in Maurice Abravanel Hall in Salt Lake City, with the composer conducting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16062298",
"chunk_text": "\"1996 Summer Olympics closing ceremony\"\nthe opening ceremonies of the 1998 Winter Olympics; opening ceremony there took place on February 7, 1998. After the lowering of the Olympic flag and the singing of the Olympic Hymn, some 600 children from Atlanta ranging from ages six though twelve sang a rendition of \"\"The Power of the Dream\"\", which was performed by Celine Dion in the opening ceremony. The segment started with ten-year-old Rachel McMullin singing the first stanza. As the song progresses more children join in creating a full choir. The children line up and hold hands to form the Atlantic Olympic emblem while holding up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9818703",
"chunk_text": "\"Claudio Baglioni\"\nClaudio Baglioni Claudio Baglioni (; born 16 May 1951) is an Italian pop singer-songwriter and musician. He is a controversial figure in italian pop music. His career spans several decades. His melodic and highly dramatic love ballads, especially from the 1970s (such as \"\"Questo piccolo grande amore\"\", \"\"E tu...\"\", \"\"Amore bello\"\", \"\"Sabato pomeriggio\"\", \"\"E tu come stai\"\") are part of Italy's musical and national subculture. His works include the official Anthem for the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Turin. His musical career began in 1965 when he entered a competition for new talents in the Rome district of Centocelle. Between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20955983",
"chunk_text": "\"Brazilian National Anthem\"\nfollowed. However, the traditional vocal adaptation composed by Alberto Nepomuceno was so well established by the time it became official that the interpretations of the national anthem that depart from the official orchestration or from the official vocal adaptation are few. Indeed, although other arrangements are now allowed, the traditional form tends to prevail, so that, with few exceptions, even celebrity singers tend to only lend their voices to the singing of the official vocal adaptation by Alberto Nepomuceno. The anthem is sung in Brazil's official national language, the Portuguese language. The song consists of two consecutive stanzas. The adoption",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6933461",
"chunk_text": "\"1896 Summer Olympics\"\ncycling, and the Zappeion for fencing. The opening ceremony was held in the Panathenaic Stadium on 6 April, during which most of the competing athletes were aligned on the infield, grouped by nation. After a speech by the president of the organising committee, Crown Prince Constantine, his father officially opened the Games. Afterwards, nine bands and 150 choir singers performed an Olympic Hymn, composed by Spyridon Samaras, with words by poet Kostis Palamas. The 1896 Olympics were regarded as a great success. The Games had the largest international participation of any sporting event to that date. The Panathenaic Stadium, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17436770",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Champions League Anthem\"\nUEFA Champions League Anthem The UEFA Champions League Anthem, officially titled simply as \"\"Champions League\"\", is the official anthem of the UEFA Champions League, written by English composer Tony Britten in 1992, and based on George Frideric Handel’s \"\"Zadok the Priest\"\". The complete anthem is about three minutes long, and has two short verses and the chorus. The chorus is in UEFA's three official languages: English, French, and German. The climactic moment is set to the exclamations ‘Die Meister! Die Besten! Les Grandes Équipes! The Champions!’. The anthem is played inside the stadium before the start of each UEFA Champions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20217576",
"chunk_text": "\"Hand in Hand (Olympic theme song)\"\nHand in Hand (Olympic theme song) \"\"Hand in Hand\"\" () is a song by South Korean band Koreana that was the official song of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It was sung in both Korean and English. The song's running time was 4:13, and it was produced by Giovanni Giorgio Moroder. Its English lyrics were written by Tom Whitlock, and its Korean lyrics were written by Kim Moon-hwan. In 2013, Giovanni Giorgio Moroder said that the original singer of the demo recording which he presented to PolyGram was Joe Pizzulo, not Koreana. The song topped music charts in 17",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10939679",
"chunk_text": "\"Lev Leshchenko\"\nLev Leshchenko Lev Valerjanovich Leshchenko (; born 1 February 1942), is a Russian singer, who was best known for his rendition of \"\"Den Pobedy\"\" and the 1980 Summer Olympics closing ceremony theme song \"\"Do svidanja, Moskva\"\". Lev Leshchenko was born on 1 February 1942 in Moscow, Soviet Union. His father, Valerjan Andreevich (1904–2004), was a Red Army officer who was at war outside of Moscow. He was accorded with medals for participation in the Second World War. His mother, Claudia Petrovna Leshchenko (1915 to 1943), died shortly after Leshchenko was born. His grandparents, along with his stepmother Irina Pavlovna Leshchenko,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15274084",
"chunk_text": "\"O Canada\"\nO Canada \"\"O Canada\"\" () is the national anthem of Canada. The song was originally commissioned by Lieutenant Governor of Quebec Théodore Robitaille for the 1880 Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony; Calixa Lavallée composed the music, after which, words were written by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. The original lyrics were in French; an English translation was published in 1906. Multiple English versions ensued, with Robert Stanley Weir's version in 1908 gaining the most popularity, eventually serving as the basis for the official lyrics enacted by Parliament. Weir's lyrics have been revised three times, most recently when \"\"An Act to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "246656",
"chunk_text": "\"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm\"\nMu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm \"\"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm\"\" (; ) is the national anthem of Estonia; it was adopted as the national anthem () in 1920. The lyrics were written by Johann Voldemar Jannsen and are set to a melody composed in 1848 by Fredrik (Friedrich) Pacius which is also that of the national anthem of Finland: \"\"Maamme\"\" (Swedish: \"\"Vårt Land\"\"). The only difference between the two anthems is the key signature they are in. It is also considered to be an ethnic anthem for Livonian people with text \"\"Min izāmō, min sindimō\"\" (). The song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13991066",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympic symbols\"\nOlympic symbols The Olympic symbols are icons, flags, and symbols used by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to elevate the Olympic Games. Somesuch as the flame, fanfare, and themeare more commonly used during Olympic competition, but others, such as the flags, can be seen throughout the years.The Olympic flag was created under the guidance of Baron Coubertin in 1913 and was released in 1914.But it was first hoisted in 1920 in Belgium at the Antwerp Olympic games in the main stadium. The Olympic motto is the hendiatris \"\"Citius, Altius, Fortius\"\", which is Latin for \"\"Faster, Higher, Stronger\"\". It was proposed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19174236",
"chunk_text": "\"Argentine National Anthem\"\nthe Olympic Games, professional soccer games, and the Rugby World Cup, only the instrumental introduction (which lasts 1 minute 6 seconds) is played. Another variation is to play the musical break that leads into the chorus, the chorus itself, and the coda. Although traditional, these arrangements are not recognized by Argentine law. The following is the modern version, adopted in 1924, omitting the long anti-Spanish middle section. Argentine National Anthem The \"\"Argentine National Anthem\"\" () is the national anthem of Argentina. Its lyrics were written by the Buenos Aires-born politician Vicente López y Planes and the music was composed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6408238",
"chunk_text": "\"Olympische Hymne\"\nthe composer invited members of the IOC executive board to hear the work sung by an opera star from Munich. In February 1936, the IOC declared Strauss’s composition as the Olympic anthem “for all time” much as it had in 1933 for Bradley-Keeler's composition. The premiere was held on August 1, 1936 at the opening ceremonies of the 1936 Summer Olympics at the Olympic Stadium (Berlin), with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra augmented by the National Socialist Symphony Orchestra and a chorus of one thousand members attired in white. From the distinguished visitor section on the opposite side of the stadium",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18721091",
"chunk_text": "\"National anthem\"\nof a national anthem outside of its country, however, is dependent on the international recognition of that country. For instance, Taiwan has not been recognized by the Olympics as a separate nation since 1979 and must compete as Chinese Taipei; its National Banner Song is used instead of its national anthem. In Taiwan, the country's national anthem is sung before instead of during flag-rising and flag-lowering, followed by the National Banner Song during the actual flag-rising and flag-lowering. Even within a state, the state's citizenry may interpret the national anthem differently (such as in the United States some view the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14558271",
"chunk_text": "\"2004 Summer Olympics national flag bearers\"\nAnnouncers in the stadium read off the names of the marching nations in Greek, French, and English (the official languages of the Olympics) with the music, performed and played by Dutch musician Tiësto, accompanying the athletes as they marched into the stadium. Notable flag bearers in the opening ceremony featured the following athletes: Three-time Grand Slam champion and tennis player Roger Federer (Switzerland), NBA basketball player Yao Ming (People's Republic of China), six-time Olympians and Star sailors Colin Beashel (Australia) and Torben Grael (Brazil), triple Olympic weightlifting champion Pyrros Dimas (Greece), show jumper Ludger Beerbaum (Germany), two-time Olympic sprint freestyle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17993766",
"chunk_text": "\"National anthem\"\nnational or most common language of the country, whether de facto or official, there are notable exceptions. Most commonly, states with more than one national language may offer several versions of their anthem, for instance: National anthems rose to prominence in Europe during the 19th century, but some originated much earlier. The presumed oldest national anthem belongs to the Netherlands and is called the \"\"Wilhelmus\"\". It was written between 1568 and 1572 during the Dutch Revolt and its current melody variant was composed shortly before 1626. It was a popular orangist march during the 17th century but it did not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16068932",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthems and nationalistic songs of Canada\"\nIn the 2005 CBC Radio One series \"\"\"\", \"\"Northwest Passage\"\" ranked fourth. It was referred to as one of Canada's unofficial anthems by former Prime Minister Stephen Harper, and former Governor General Adrienne Clarkson quoted the song both in her first official address and in her speech at the dedication of the new Canadian embassy in Berlin. \"\"O Canada\"\" has been performed in some First Nation languages during the opening of a few national events. During the opening ceremonies of the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, \"\"O Canada\"\" was sung in the southern Tutchone language by Yukon native Daniel Tlen.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19463740",
"chunk_text": "\"2004 Summer Olympics\"\nAlso recognized was the symbolic unified march of athletes from North Korea and South Korea under the Korean Unification Flag. The country of Kiribati made a debut at these games and East Timor made a debut under its own flag. After the Parade of Nations, during which the Dutch DJ Tiësto provided the music, the Icelandic singer Björk performed the song Oceania, written specially for the event by her and the poet Sjón. The Opening Ceremony culminated in the lighting of the Olympic Cauldron by 1996 Gold Medalist Windsurfer Nikolaos Kaklamanakis. Many key moments in the ceremony, including the lighting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5587856",
"chunk_text": "\"Hymn to Liberty\"\nclosing ceremony of the Olympic Games, to pay tribute to Greece as the birthplace of the Olympic Games. The version commonly played by military bands was composed by Lieutenant Colonel Margaritis Kastellis (1907–1979), former director of the Greek Music Corps. Hymn to Liberty The \"\"Hymn to Liberty\"\" or \"\"Hymn to Freedom\"\" (, , also ) is a poem written by Dionysios Solomos in 1823 that consists of 158 stanzas, which is used as the national anthem of Greece and Cyprus. It was set to music by Nikolaos Mantzaros, and is the longest national anthem in the world by length of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_428
|
where did the battle of bonhomme richard take place?
|
n/a
|
[
"near Flamborough Head"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7321708",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Bonchurch\"\nBattle of Bonchurch The Battle of Bonchurch took place in late July 1545 at Bonchurch on the Isle of Wight. No source gives the precise date, although 21 July is possible from the sequence of events. The battle was a part of the wider Italian War of 1542–1546, and took place during the French invasion of the Isle of Wight. Several landings were made, including at Bonchurch. Most accounts suggest that England won the battle, and the French advance across the island was halted. The battle was between French regular soldiers, and local English militiamen. Although the French force that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6045980",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Bonchurch\"\nBattle of Bonchurch The Battle of Bonchurch took place in late July 1545 at Bonchurch on the Isle of Wight. No source gives the precise date, although 21 July is possible from the sequence of events. The battle was a part of the wider Italian War of 1542–1546, and took place during the French invasion of the Isle of Wight. Several landings were made, including at Bonchurch. Most accounts suggest that England won the battle, and the French advance across the island was halted. The battle was between French regular soldiers, and local English militiamen. Although the French force that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12160028",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\nboard \"\"Serapis\"\" was repulsed, as was an attempt by the British to board \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\". Finally, after another of Jones's ships joined the fight, the British captain was forced to surrender at about 10:30 p.m. \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" – shattered, on fire, leaking badly – defied all efforts to save her and sank about 36 hours later at 11:00 a.m. on 25 September 1779. Jones sailed the captured \"\"Serapis\"\" to the Dutch United Provinces for repairs. Though \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" sank after the battle, the battle's outcome was one of the factors that convinced the French crown to back the colonies in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14328879",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\ntheir fight to become independent of British authority. \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\"'s final resting location was the subject of much speculation. A number of unsuccessful efforts had been conducted to locate the wreck. The location was presumed to be in approximately of water off Flamborough Head, Yorkshire, a headland near where her final battle took place. The quantity of other wrecks in the area and a century of fishing trawler operations had complicated all searches. One season's attempts to locate and retrieve the ship, or some artifacts from her, using USNS \"\"Grasp\"\" were filmed for the Discovery Channel's \"\"Mighty Ships\"\" series in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20242367",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Lake Borgne\"\nBattle of Lake Borgne The Battle of Lake Borgne was a battle between the Royal Navy and Royal Marines on one side and the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marines on the other in the American South theatre of the War of 1812. It occurred on December 14, 1814 on Lake Borgne, and allowed the British to assault New Orleans ten days later. The defeat of the British attack in September on Fort Bowyer prevented the British from taking Mobile, Alabama, and moving to cut off U.S. trade via land towards the Mississippi River. Next, the British decided to attack New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10551222",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\nuntil she was purchased by King Louis XVI of France in early 1779 and placed under the command of John Paul Jones on 4 February. The size and armament of \"\"Duc de Duras\"\" made her roughly equivalent to half of a 64-gun ship of the line. Jones renamed her \"\"Bon Homme Richard\"\" (usually rendered in more correct French as \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\") in honor of Benjamin Franklin, the American Commissioner at Paris whose \"\"Poor Richard's Almanac\"\" was published in France under the title \"\"Les Maximes du Bonhomme Richard\"\". On 19 June 1779, \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" sailed from Lorient accompanied by , \"\"Pallas,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8459037",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Dale\"\nthe war to end. On September 23, 1779, \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" met HMS \"\"Serapis\"\" off the coast of Flamborough Head, near Yorkshire. Described as being somewhat reckless in his bravery, Dale commanded the forward guns in the close fighting of the battle. When rumors that \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" was sinking reached him from below decks, and that the crew was prepared to surrender, Dale went to ascertain the damage. Upon his assessment that the ship would not yet sink, he inspired the crew to persist in the fight. He compelled his British prisoners to man the pumps to keep the ship afloat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2704621",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\n2011. The U.S. Navy's mission was unsuccessful. In 2018, the remains of the \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" were found off the coast of Filey, North Yorkshire, England, by the Land and Sea search team Merlin Burrows. Notes Sources Bibliography USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) Bonhomme Richard, formerly Duc de Duras, was a warship in the Continental Navy. She was originally an East Indiaman, a merchant ship built in France for the French East India Company in 1765, for service between France and the Orient. She was placed at the disposal of John Paul Jones on 4 February 1779, by King Louis XVI of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10551220",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\nUSS Bonhomme Richard (1765) Bonhomme Richard, formerly Duc de Duras, was a warship in the Continental Navy. She was originally an East Indiaman, a merchant ship built in France for the French East India Company in 1765, for service between France and the Orient. She was placed at the disposal of John Paul Jones on 4 February 1779, by King Louis XVI of France as a result of a loan to the United States by French shipping magnate, Jacques-Donatien Le Ray. \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" was originally an East Indiaman named \"\"Duc de Duras\"\", a merchant ship built at Lorient according to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13880542",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Agincourt\"\nBattle of Agincourt The Battle of Agincourt (; ; ) was a major English victory in the Hundred Years' War. It took place on 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin's Day) in the County of Saint-Pol, Artois, some 40 km south of Calais (now Azincourt in northern France). England's unexpected victory at Agincourt against a numerically superior French army boosted English morale and prestige, crippled France, and started a new period in the war during which the English began enjoying great military successes. After several decades of relative peace, the English had renewed their war effort in 1415 amid the failure",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12071830",
"chunk_text": "\"Capture of Montauban\"\nCapture of Montauban The Capture of Montauban (\"\"Monty-Bong\"\" to the British), took place on 1 July 1916, the first day of the Battle of the Somme, between the British Fourth Army and the German 2nd Army, on the Western Front, during the First World War. Montauban is a commune in the Somme department in Picardy in northern France and lies on the D 64, between Guillemont to the east and Mametz to the west. To the north are Bazentin-le-Petit and Bazentin-le-Grand. Bernafay and Trônes woods are to the north-east and Maricourt lies to the south. Military operations began in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2272734",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Bourgthéroulde\"\nBattle of Bourgthéroulde The Battle of Bourgthéroulde was a skirmish between the forces of king Henry I of England led by Odo Borleng and rebel forces led by Waleran de Beaumont which took place on March 26, 1124. The battle took place to the southwest of Rouen in the Duchy of Normandy, not far from the location of the battle of Bremule which had been fought 5 years earlier. The exact site of the battle is unknown. Although the battle is considered nothing more than a minor skirmish between two small bands of soldiers, it had a profound impact on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18096093",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Vosges\"\nBattle of the Vosges The Battle of the Vosges also known as the Battle of Trippstadt was fought on 13 July 1794 in eastern France in the Vosges Mountains from which it derives its name. By July 1794, the fledgling French Republic had been at war for a little under two years and in that time its fortunes had changed dramatically. Following initial setbacks for the Revolutionaries, the war changed in France's favour with the appointment of Lazare Carnot to the post of War Minister (or as the position was formally known - Head of the Committee of Public Safety",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18245146",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6)\"\nUSS Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6) USS \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" (LHD-6) is a , and the third ship of the United States Navy to bear the name. She was named in honor of John Paul Jones' famous frigate, which he had named in French \"\"Good Man Richard,\"\" in honor of Benjamin Franklin, the U.S. Ambassador to France at the time; \"\"Richard\"\" is derived from Franklin's \"\"Poor Richard's Almanac.\"\" The primary mission of \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" is to embark, deploy and land elements of a Marine landing force in amphibious assault operations by helicopter, landing craft and amphibious vehicle, and if needed, to act as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3426706",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of New Orleans\"\nBattle of New Orleans The Battle of New Orleans was fought on Sunday, January 8, 1815, between the British Army under Major General Sir Edward Pakenham, and the United States Army under Brevet Major General Andrew Jackson. It took place approximately south of the city of New Orleans, close to the present-day town of Chalmette, Louisiana, and was an American victory. The battle effectively marked the end of the War of 1812. The Battle of New Orleans took place directly after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent on December 24th, 1814, before news of the treaty could reach the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3172826",
"chunk_text": "Texel\nfrozen into the ice around Texel, so Commandant Louis Joseph Lahure and 128 men rode up to it and demanded surrender. No shots were fired. In 1797, Texel was involved in the Battle of Camperdown during the French Revolutionary Wars. During the American Revolution, Texel was used as a haven port for the USS \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" before it sank off the coast of Flamborough Head in Britain in September 1779. In that final action, John Paul Jones defeated and captured the British ship HMS \"\"Serapis\"\", which he sailed to Texel for desperately needed repairs. This event further complicated Anglo-Dutch relations.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17060023",
"chunk_text": "\"Château des Tourelles\"\n1955, it has been listed since 1945 as a \"\"monument historique\"\" by the French Ministry of Culture. Château des Tourelles The Château des Tourelles is a castle in the \"\"commune\"\" of Vernon in the Eure \"\"département\"\" of France. The castle originated in 1196, when Philippe Auguste (Philip II of France), fighting against the king of England, Richard the Lionheart, for possession of Normandy, seized Vernon and made the town a military base. The castle consists of a square tower surrounded by four round turrets, the whole edifice rising to a height of twenty metres. It is one of the few",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17060022",
"chunk_text": "\"Château des Tourelles\"\nChâteau des Tourelles The Château des Tourelles is a castle in the \"\"commune\"\" of Vernon in the Eure \"\"département\"\" of France. The castle originated in 1196, when Philippe Auguste (Philip II of France), fighting against the king of England, Richard the Lionheart, for possession of Normandy, seized Vernon and made the town a military base. The castle consists of a square tower surrounded by four round turrets, the whole edifice rising to a height of twenty metres. It is one of the few castles in France which has been practically unchanged for 800 years. The property of the \"\"commune\"\" since",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12746537",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Fontenay-le-Comte\"\nBattle of Fontenay-le-Comte The Battles of Fontenay-le-Comte were fought on 16 May 1793 and on 25 May 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars, between forces of the French Republic under Alexis Chalbos and Royalist forces under Marquis de Lescure and Charles de Bonchamps. The battle was fought near the town of Fontenay-le-Comte in Vendée, France, and ended in a Royalist victory. The first battle resulted in the town's successful resistance to the insurgent army; the second battle resulted in the Vendean victory. In 1791, two representatives on mission informed the National Convention of the disquieting condition of Vendée, and this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13426273",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of La Brossinière\"\nBattle of La Brossinière The Battle of La Brossinière or Battle of la Gravelle (French – \"\"la \"\"besoigne\"\" de la Brossinière\"\") was a battle of the Hundred Years' War on 26 September 1423. It occurred at La Brossinière (commune of Bourgon, Mayenne), between the forces of England and France, shortly after hostilities had resumed, following the battle of Agincourt (1415). The English force commanded by Sir John De la Pole, brother of William de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, which had returned to Normandy after a pillaging expedition to Anjou and Maine, suffered a crushing defeat. Cousinot reports that \"\"there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11127997",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Fréteval\"\nBattle of Fréteval The Battle of Fréteval, which took place on 3 July 1194, was a medieval battle, part of the ongoing fighting between Richard the Lionheart and Philip II of France that lasted from 1194 to Richard's death in April 1199. During the battle, the English and Norman forces ambushed the French army, which was defeated. Philip managed to flee but lost his archives which were captured by Richard. After the battle, Philip decided to keep them in Paris, which led to the creation of the French national library, the \"\"Archives Nationales\"\". King Richard I of England had been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5139424",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Saumur (1940)\"\nwithdrew them south. The defenders were exhausted, but those that could made their way south, many by bicycle, to a rendezvous south of Fontevraud Abbey where the bodies of two English kings are buried: Henry II and Richard the Lionheart. The Battle of Saumur was fought on the 125th anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo and acquired a special name, \"\"La Haie Sainte\"\" (The Sacred Line) after the farm La Haye Sainte in the centre of the Belgian battlefield. There was evidence that German officers, posing as Belgian civilian refugees, had shot two Cadets on the 20th at Gennes; one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12160027",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\nabout 6:00 p.m. The battle continued for the next four hours, costing the lives of nearly half of the American and British crews. British victory seemed inevitable, as the more heavily armed \"\"Serapis\"\" used its firepower to rake \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" with devastating effect. The commander of \"\"Serapis\"\" finally called on Jones to surrender. He replied, \"\"Sir, I have not yet begun to fight!\"\" Jones eventually managed to lash the ships together, nullifying his opponent's greater maneuverability and allowing him to take advantage of the larger size and considerably more numerous crew of \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\". An attempt by the Americans to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16185881",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Cravant\"\nBattle of Cravant The Battle of Cravant was fought on 31 July 1423, during the Hundred Years' War between English and French forces at the village of Cravant in Burgundy, at a bridge and ford on the banks of the river Yonne, a left-bank tributary of the Seine, southeast of Auxerre. The battle ended in a victory for the English and their Burgundian allies. After the Treaty of Troyes in 1420, the English king was permitted to occupy all the country north of the Loire. In 1422, with Henry V suddenly dead and an infant King Henry VI of England",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9378140",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Sainte-Foy\"\nBattle of Sainte-Foy The Battle of Sainte-Foy, sometimes called the Battle of Quebec, was fought on April 28, 1760 near the British-held town of Quebec in the French province of Canada during the Seven Years' War (called the French and Indian War in the United States). It was a victory for the French under the Chevalier de Lévis over the British army under General Murray. The battle was notably bloodier than the Battle of the Plains of Abraham of the previous September, with 833 French casualties to 1,124 British casualties. It was the last French victory in North America. At",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7003842",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6)\"\nship in the 2000s as part of Operation Southern Watch. She deployed as part of Operation Enduring Freedom from 1 December 2001 to 18 June 2002. Her next deployment was in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, beginning 17 January 2003 and lasting to 26 July 2003. \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" played two significant roles in Operation Iraqi Freedom; first, she offloaded more than 1,000 Marines and gear from the 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines into Kuwait. Second, after delivering her attack and transport helicopters, troops, and vehicles, she took up position just miles off the coast of Kuwait and became one of two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14930856",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Quatre Bras\"\nBattle of Quatre Bras The Battle of Quatre Bras was fought on 16 June 1815, as a preliminary engagement to the decisive Battle of Waterloo that occurred two days later. The battle took place near the strategic crossroads of Quatre Bras and was contested between elements of the Duke of Wellington's Anglo-allied army and the left wing of Napoleon Bonaparte's French \"\"Armée du Nord\"\" under Marshal Michel Ney. While the battle was tactically indecisive, Napoleon achieved his larger strategic aim of preventing Wellington's forces from aiding the Prussian army at the Battle of Ligny, which the French won the same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7952119",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Mairy\"\nBattle of Mairy The Battle of Mairy started on the evening of 7 September, and ended on the morning of 8 September 1944. The centre of the battle was around the French town of Mairy, although other fighting, some of it significant, took place in and around other French towns in the vicinity, including Avril, Mont Bonvilliers, Landres, and Mercy. The battle took place in the European Theatre of Operations during World War II, and was fought between the German Panzer Brigade 106 and the US 90th Infantry Division. The battle was a victory for the United States, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13475043",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Saint-Pierre\"\nBattle of Saint-Pierre The Battle of Saint-Pierre was a military confrontation on March 25, 1776, near the Quebec village of Saint-Pierre, south of Quebec City. This confrontation, which occurred during the Continental Army's siege of Quebec following its defeat at the Battle of Quebec, was between forces that were both largely composed of Canadian militia, including individuals on both sides of the conflict that had been recruited in the same communities. The Patriot forces routed the Loyalist forces, killing at least 3 and capturing more than 30. Early in the American Revolutionary War, the Second Continental Congress had invited the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10695133",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Overloon\"\nBattle of Overloon The Battle of Overloon was a battle fought in the Second World War battle between Allied forces and the German Army which took place in and around the village of Overloon in the south-east of the Netherlands between 30 September and 18 October 1944. The battle, which resulted in an Allied victory, ensued after the Allies launched \"\"Operation Aintree\"\". The Allies went on to liberate the town of Venray. In September 1944, the Allies had launched Operation Market Garden, a major offensive from the Dutch-Belgian border across the south of the Netherlands through Eindhoven and Nijmegen toward",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2165088",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Spurs\"\nBattle of the Spurs The Battle of the Spurs, or Battle of Guinegate, took place on 16 August 1513. It formed a part of the War of the League of Cambrai, during the ongoing Italian Wars. Henry VIII and Maximilian I were besieging the town of Thérouanne in Artois (now Pas-de-Calais). Henry's camp was at Guinegate, now called Enguinegatte. A large body of French heavy cavalry under Jacques de La Palice was covering an attempt by light cavalry to bring supplies to the besieged garrison. English and Imperial troops surprised and routed this force. The battle was characterised by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20242379",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Lake Borgne\"\n(or bar) for the Naval General Service Medal marked \"\"14 Dec. Boat Service 1814,\"\" to survivors of the battle who wanted to claim the clasp. In all, 205 survivors claimed it. Battle of Lake Borgne The Battle of Lake Borgne was a battle between the Royal Navy and Royal Marines on one side and the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marines on the other in the American South theatre of the War of 1812. It occurred on December 14, 1814 on Lake Borgne, and allowed the British to assault New Orleans ten days later. The defeat of the British attack in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16134090",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Trouée de Charmes\"\nBattle of the Trouée de Charmes The Battle of the Trouée de Charmes () or Battle of the Mortagne was fought at the beginning of World War I, between 24 and 26 August 1914 by the French Second Army and the German 6th Army, after the big German victory at the Battle of the Frontiers, earlier in August. From 1874 to 1880, General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières oversaw the construction of the Séré de Rivières system, a line of fortresses long from Belfort to Épinal and another line long from Toul to Verdun, about from the Franco–German border. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10551223",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)\"\nVengeance,\"\" and \"\"Cerf\"\" with troop transports and merchant vessels under convoy to Bordeaux and to cruise against the British in the Bay of Biscay. Forced to return to port for repair, the squadron sailed again 14 August 1779. It went northwest around the west coast of the British Isles into the North Sea and then down the east coast. The squadron took 16 merchant vessels as prizes. On 23 September 1779, the squadron encountered the Baltic Fleet of 41 sail under convoy of and HM hired armed vessel near Flamborough Head. \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\" and \"\"Serapis\"\" entered a bitter engagement at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8488168",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Quebec (1775)\"\nBattle of Quebec (1775) The Battle of Quebec () was fought on December 31, 1775, between American Continental Army forces and the British defenders of Quebec City early in the American Revolutionary War. The battle was the first major defeat of the war for the Americans, and it came with heavy losses. General Richard Montgomery was killed, Benedict Arnold was wounded, and Daniel Morgan and more than 400 men were taken prisoner. The city's garrison, a motley assortment of regular troops and militia led by Quebec's provincial governor, General Guy Carleton, suffered a small number of casualties. Montgomery's army had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7942925",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31)\"\nUSS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31) USS \"\"Bon Homme Richard\"\" (CV/CVA-31) was one of 24 s completed during or shortly after World War II for the United States Navy. She was the second US Navy ship to bear the name, the first one being named for John Paul Jones's famous Revolutionary War frigate by the same name. Jones had named that ship, usually rendered in more correct French as \"\"Bonhomme Richard\"\", to honor Benjamin Franklin, the American Commissioner at Paris, whose \"\"Poor Richard's Almanac\"\" had been published in France under the title \"\"Les Maximes du Bonhomme Richard\"\". \"\"Bon Homme Richard\"\" was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9175483",
"chunk_text": "\"Bonaventure, Quebec\"\nthe Battle of Restigouche in July 1760, where a mixed force of French navy aided by Acadians were defeated by the Royal Navy. Many of today's Bonaventure residents are of Acadian descent. Prior to permanent settlement, the Bonaventure harbour had often been visited by Europeans and was the location of temporary camps and posts for many years before. At the time of settlement, Bonaventure was located in lands possessed by France, but in 1763, after the Treaty of Paris, all of New France was ceded to Britain, and Bonaventure became part of British colony of the Province of Quebec. Later,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13880599",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Agincourt\"\nwas just cause for war and not simply the prisoner issue. Although an audience vote was \"\"too close to call\"\", Henry was unanimously found guilty by the court on the basis of \"\"evolving standards of civil society\"\". There is a modern museum in Azincourt village dedicated to the battle. The museum lists the names of combatants of both sides who died in the battle. Battle of Agincourt The Battle of Agincourt (; ; ) was a major English victory in the Hundred Years' War. It took place on 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin's Day) in the County of Saint-Pol, Artois,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4847890",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Golden Spurs\"\nBattle of the Golden Spurs The Battle of the Golden Spurs (; ), also known as the Battle of Courtrai, was fought between the Kingdom of France and the County of Flanders at Kortrijk (Courtrai in French) in modern-day Belgium on 11 July 1302. On 18 May 1302, after two years of French occupation and several years of unrest, the people of Flanders revolted against French rule and massacred many Frenchmen in the Belgian city of Bruges. King Philip IV of France immediately organized an expedition of 8,000 troops, including 2,500 men-at-arms, under Count Robert II of Artois to put",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18374355",
"chunk_text": "\"Col du Bonhomme\"\nCol du Bonhomme The Col du Bonhomme () (elevation ) is a mountain pass in the Vosges Mountains of France. The pass connects Kaysersberg (Haut-Rhin) with Saint-Dié-des-Vosges (Vosges) (east–west) and is also crossed by the Route des Crêtes (north–south). The pass takes its name from the nearby village of Le Bonhomme, 6 km to the east. Between 1871 and 1918, the pass was a border crossing between Lorraine (France) and Alsace, which had been ceded to Germany under the Treaty of Frankfurt. A stone marking the former border is situated 100 m south of the pass on D148 (Route des",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9052102",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Honnecourt\"\nBattle of Honnecourt The Battle of Honnecourt was a battle of the Thirty Years' War fought on 26 May 1642. The Spanish, led by Francisco de Melo, were victorious over the French under Antoine III de Gramont, Comte de Guiche. A Spanish army under Melo and Jean de Beck besieged and captured the fortified town of Lens and exploited its success by advancing on the nearby fortress of La Bassee. Henri, Count of Harcourt, commanding the French in army in Picardy and Antoine III de Gramont, commander of Champagne, moved to relieve the town. Melo took 10,000 men, including 7,000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7326195",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Baugé\"\nBattle of Baugé The Battle of Baugé, fought between the English and a Franco-Scots army on 22 March 1421 at Baugé, France, east of Angers, was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War. The English army was led by the king's brother Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, while the Franco-Scots were led by both John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan, and Gilbert de Lafayette, the Marshal of France. English strength was 4,000 men, although only 1,500 deployed, against 5,000 French and Scots. Henry V, with the intention of resuming the war, sailed from England",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12620232",
"chunk_text": "Castillon-sur-Agen\nCastillon-sur-Agen Castillon-sur-Agen was a medieval castle in the commune of Bon-Encontre, near Agen in Aquitaine, France. Built on the top of a small hill with sheer rock cliffs (the \"\"plateau de Castillou\"\"), it was \"\"fortified by both nature and artifice\"\". According to the 12th-century chronicler Robert of Torigny, Henry II of England besieged Castillion-sur-Agen in 1161. After just one week the garrison capitulated. Roger of Howden recorded that nearly 15 years later, in 1175, the site was besieged by Prince Richard (later King Richard I of England), Henry II's son. On this occasion the siege lasted two months; it was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2026510",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Valmy\"\nBattle of Valmy The Battle of Valmy was the first major victory by the army of France during the Revolutionary Wars that followed the French Revolution. The action took place on 20 September 1792 as Prussian troops commanded by the Duke of Brunswick attempted to march on Paris. Generals François Kellermann and Charles Dumouriez stopped the advance near the northern village of Valmy in Champagne-Ardenne. In this early part of the Revolutionary Wars—known as the War of the First Coalition—the new French government was in almost every way unproven, and thus the small, localized victory at Valmy became a huge",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8712056",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Plains of Abraham\"\nBattle of the Plains of Abraham The Battle of the Plains of Abraham, also known as the Battle of Quebec (), was a pivotal battle in the Seven Years' War (referred to as the French and Indian War to describe the North American theatre). The battle, which began on 13 September 1759, was fought on a plateau by the British Army and Navy against the French Army, just outside the walls of Quebec City on land that was originally owned by a farmer named Abraham Martin, hence the name of the battle. The battle involved fewer than 10,000 troops between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14273246",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle at The Lizard\"\nBattle at The Lizard The naval Battle of the Lizard () took place on 21 October 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession near Lizard Point, Cornwall between two French squadrons under René Duguay-Trouin and Claude de Forbin and an English convoy protected by a squadron under Commodore Richard Edwards. Duguay-Trouin and Forbin were two of the most successful French naval commanders and they caused much damage to the allied merchant fleet. On 20 October 1707 a large merchant fleet consisting of 80 to 130 English ships left Plymouth for Portugal with supplies for the war in Spain. There",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2606151",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle at The Lizard\"\nBattle at The Lizard The naval Battle of the Lizard () took place on 21 October 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession near Lizard Point, Cornwall between two French squadrons under René Duguay-Trouin and Claude de Forbin and an English convoy protected by a squadron under Commodore Richard Edwards. Duguay-Trouin and Forbin were two of the most successful French naval commanders and they caused much damage to the allied merchant fleet. On 20 October 1707 a large merchant fleet consisting of 80 to 130 English ships left Plymouth for Portugal with supplies for the war in Spain. There",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "951259",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Castelnaudary\"\nBattle of Castelnaudary The Battle of Castelnaudary occurred at Castelnaudary, France, on 1 September 1632, between the rebel forces of Henri II de Montmorency (loyal to Gaston, Duke of Orléans) and the royalist forces of Marshal Henri de Schomberg (loyal to King Louis XIII). Duke Henri II de Montmorency was solicited by Gaston, Duke of Orléans (brother of King Louis XIII) to launch a rebellion against the King's Chief Minister, Cardinal Richelieu. Using his position as Governor of Languedoc, he raised levies of troops and money and took command of an army of six or seven thousand troops. His force",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14206149",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of La Brossinière\"\nAn English relief army advanced on his position and forced him to abandon the siege. Battle of La Brossinière The Battle of La Brossinière or Battle of la Gravelle (French – \"\"la \"\"besoigne\"\" de la Brossinière\"\") was a battle of the Hundred Years' War on 26 September 1423. It occurred at La Brossinière (commune of Bourgon, Mayenne), between the forces of England and France, shortly after hostilities had resumed, following the battle of Agincourt (1415). The English force commanded by Sir John De la Pole, brother of William de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, which had returned to Normandy after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19592820",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Castillon\"\nBattle of Castillon The Battle of Castillon was a battle fought on 17 July 1453 in Gascony near the town of Castillon-sur-Dordogne (later Castillon-la-Bataille). A decisive French victory, it is considered to mark the end of the Hundred Years' War. As a result of the battle, the English lost all landholdings in France, except Calais. The term \"\"Hundred Years' War\"\" is misleading, as the fighting between the English and the French during the period of 1337 to 1453 was more a series of conflicts than a single prolonged war. Thus, the conflict(s) can be examined from the vantage point of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_429
|
when does kc undercover season 3 episode 10 air?
|
n/a
|
[
"November 10, 2017"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14145678",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventure Time (season 10)\"\n17, 2017 when \"\"Seventeen\"\", \"\"Ring of Fire\"\", \"\"Marcy and Hunson\"\" and \"\"The First Investigation\"\" aired. The third was March 18, 2018, when \"\"Blenanas\"\", \"\"Jake the Starchild\"\", \"\"Temple of Mars\"\", and \"\"Gumbaldia\"\" aired. The tenth season of \"\"Adventure Time\"\" had its television premiere on September 17, 2017, with \"\"The Wild Hunt\"\" episode bomb. It was watched by 0.77 million viewers and scored a 0.24 Nielsen rating in the 18-to- 49-year-old demographic. Nielsen ratings are audience measurement systems which determine the audience size and composition of television programming in the United States, and the episodes were seen by 0.24 percent of all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852264",
"chunk_text": "\"Fall (Better Call Saul)\"\nFall (Better Call Saul) \"\"Fall\"\" is the ninth and penultimate episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on June 12, 2017 on AMC in the United States. Jimmy discovers from Irene, one of his former elder law clients who represents the class in the Sandpiper Crossing lawsuit, that the company has offered a settlement which if accepted by D&M and HHM will result in a payment to Jimmy of $1.16 million. Irene has refused to accept the settlement because the D&S and HHM lawyers have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8853593",
"chunk_text": "\"Superstore (season 3)\"\nSuperstore (season 3) The third season of \"\"Superstore\"\", the U.S. television series, was ordered on February 14, 2017. The season premiered on September 28, 2017 and contained 22 episodes. The series continues to air in the same timeslot Thursday at 8:00 PM, though the episode \"\"Christmas Eve\"\" aired on Tuesday, December 5. The season concluded on May 3, 2018. \"\"Superstore\"\" follows a group of employees working at Cloud 9, a fictional big-box store in St. Louis, Missouri. The ensemble and supporting cast features America Ferrera, Ben Feldman, Lauren Ash, Colton Dunn, Nico Santos, Nichole Bloom and Mark McKinney. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16135929",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Tic Tac\"\nthe typically stoic Casey to face a painful moment from his past as a great showcase for both the character and actor Adam Baldwin, and further praising the action scenes as well as the return to the dynamic between the three main characters largely missing from the third season. Chuck Versus the Tic Tac \"\"Chuck Versus the Tic Tac\"\" is the tenth episode of the third season of the television series \"\"Chuck\"\", airing on March 15, 2010. When Casey's former commanding officer returns, Chuck and Sarah take it upon themselves to clear his name when he is arrested for treason.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399066",
"chunk_text": "\"Fall (Better Call Saul)\"\nepisode in \"\"Fall.\"\"\"\" Fall (Better Call Saul) \"\"Fall\"\" is the ninth and penultimate episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on June 12, 2017 on AMC in the United States. Jimmy discovers from Irene, one of his former elder law clients who represents the class in the Sandpiper Crossing lawsuit, that the company has offered a settlement which if accepted by D&M and HHM will result in a payment to Jimmy of $1.16 million. Irene has refused to accept the settlement because the D&S and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4145159",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Final Exam\"\nChuck Versus the Final Exam \"\"Chuck Versus the Final Exam\"\" is the eleventh episode of \"\"Chuck\"\"s third season. It originally aired on March 22, 2010. Chuck faces his final test as a spy, under the watchful eyes of Sarah and Shaw. Meanwhile, Casey must readjust to his life as a civilian. As the episode begins, Chuck corners a rogue agent fleeing through a train station and aims a gun on him. The man begs for his life but Chuck warns him that he had his chance, and a shot rings out. Three days earlier, Chuck arrives in Castle after promising",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7339857",
"chunk_text": "\"K.C. Undercover\"\nIt was ordered to series by Disney Channel in May 2014, with the series now under the title \"\"K.C. Undercover\"\". The series was released on Watch Disney Channel on January 1, 2015, and was followed by the television premiere on January 18, 2015. The first season consisted of 27 episodes. On May 15, 2015, Disney Channel renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on March 6, 2016. On August 1, 2016, \"\"People\"\" revealed that the series had been renewed for a third season. The third season premiered on Disney Channel on July 7, 2017 and ended on February",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13119853",
"chunk_text": "\"American Ninja Warrior (season 10)\"\nAmerican Ninja Warrior (season 10) The tenth season of the reality/sports competition series \"\"American Ninja Warrior\"\" premiered on May 30, 2018 on NBC. Hosts Matt Iseman and Akbar Gbaja-Biamila returned for their ninth and sixth seasons, respectively, alongside sideline reporter Kristine Leahy who returns for her fourth. Prior to the season premiere, NBC aired two special episodes. On May 17, 2018, a two-hour All-Stars special aired, while on May 24, 2018, the second annual \"\"Celebrity Ninja Warrior for Red Nose Day\"\" featured celebrities raising money for charity. Changes this season include the introduction of the 18-foot (5.5 m) \"\"Mega Wall\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8853595",
"chunk_text": "\"Superstore (season 3)\"\nNews\"\". Superstore (season 3) The third season of \"\"Superstore\"\", the U.S. television series, was ordered on February 14, 2017. The season premiered on September 28, 2017 and contained 22 episodes. The series continues to air in the same timeslot Thursday at 8:00 PM, though the episode \"\"Christmas Eve\"\" aired on Tuesday, December 5. The season concluded on May 3, 2018. \"\"Superstore\"\" follows a group of employees working at Cloud 9, a fictional big-box store in St. Louis, Missouri. The ensemble and supporting cast features America Ferrera, Ben Feldman, Lauren Ash, Colton Dunn, Nico Santos, Nichole Bloom and Mark McKinney. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude>",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7339858",
"chunk_text": "\"K.C. Undercover\"\n2, 2018. In Canada, the series premiered on Family Channel on January 23, 2015, and moved to Disney Channel on September 1, 2015. During the launch week of Disney Channel, the episode \"\"Runaway Robot\"\" aired on September 1, 2015, a week before the U.S. The series premiered on Disney Channel in Australia and New Zealand on March 5, 2015. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the show premiered on March 27, 2015, on Disney Channel. On Disney Channel in Southeast Asia, it premiered in Singapore on March 13, 2015, and in the Philippines on April 10, 2015. The show debuted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20880366",
"chunk_text": "\"Undercover Boss (U.S. TV series)\"\na ninth season. On April 26, 2018, CBS announced the first-ever Celebrity Edition to premiere on May 11, 2018. The first episode premiered on February 7, 2010, after Super Bowl XLIV, and featured Larry O'Donnell, President and Chief Operating Officer of Waste Management, Inc. The series was a ratings success for the network, with its premiere episode receiving 38.6 million viewers and a share of 32 percent. The first season was the most popular new show in any genre in the 2009–10 television season with an average audience of 17.7 million viewers. Originally, the show was created in response to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13536285",
"chunk_text": "\"My Struggle III\"\nMy Struggle III \"\"My Struggle III\"\" is the first episode and season premiere of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\". The episode was written and directed by Chris Carter and it aired on January 3, 2018, on Fox. This episode follows the events of \"\"My Struggle II\"\" and is noted for its major plot twists. \"\"My Struggle III\"\" helps to explore the series' overarching mythology and serves as the first of three mythology episodes of the season. Two taglines are featured in this episode: \"\"I Want to Believe\"\", followed by \"\"I Want to Lie\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9934268",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Tic Tac\"\nChuck Versus the Tic Tac \"\"Chuck Versus the Tic Tac\"\" is the tenth episode of the third season of the television series \"\"Chuck\"\", airing on March 15, 2010. When Casey's former commanding officer returns, Chuck and Sarah take it upon themselves to clear his name when he is arrested for treason. Meanwhile, Devon and Ellie are at odds over their future when Ellie receives her dream fellowship. As the episode begins, Marine 2nd Lt. Alex Coburn is being reviewed by a ranking officer regarding his application to special forces training while in Honduras in 1989. His promotion is declined, however",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2092524",
"chunk_text": "\"Quantico (season 3)\"\nexecutive producer. The third season premiered on April 26, 2018. After the third season renewal announcement, it was reported that Yasmine Al Massri and Pearl Thusi would leave the series, and in June 2017, it was reported that Ellis and Tovey would not return as part of a creative overhaul. However, in August 2017, it was confirmed that Tovey would in fact be returning as a series regular. In late July 2017, Marlee Matlin joined the show as a series regular in the third season. She will play the role of ex-FBI agent, Jocelyn Turner. On November 21, 2017, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12513236",
"chunk_text": "\"Fargo (season 3)\"\nFargo (season 3) The third season of \"\"Fargo\"\", an American anthology black comedy–crime drama television series created by Noah Hawley, premiered on April 19, 2017, on the basic cable network FX. The season had ten episodes, and its initial airing concluded on June 21, 2017. As an anthology, each \"\"Fargo\"\" season possesses its own self-contained narrative, following a disparate set of characters in various settings, albeit in a connected shared universe. The third season is set primarily between December 2010 and March 2011, in three Minnesota towns: St. Cloud, Eden Valley, and Eden Prairie, and is the only season to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2092521",
"chunk_text": "\"Quantico (season 3)\"\nQuantico (season 3) The third and final season of American drama thriller series \"\"Quantico\"\" premiered in the United States on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on April 26, 2018, and concluded on August 3, 2018. The season was produced by ABC Studios, with series creator Joshua Safran, Mark Gordon, Robert Sertner, Nicholas Pepper and Jorge Zamacona serving as executive producers. The third and final season consisted of thirteen episodes, down from the twenty-two episode count of the two previous seasons. The season aired on Thursdays in the United States at 10:00 pm. The show was cancelled on May 11, 2018, by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7070562",
"chunk_text": "\"The X-Files (season 10)\"\nAnderson, Kumail Nanjiani and Darin Morgan and \"\"My Struggle II\"\" with Chris Carter and Gabe Rotter. The X-Files (season 10) The tenth season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\" commenced airing in the United States on January 24, 2016, on Fox. The season consists of six episodes and concluded airing on February 22, 2016. When Fox initially announced the string of episodes, the network referred to them collectively as an \"\"event series\"\". After the episodes' release, Fox began referring to the string of episodes on their website as \"\"season 10\"\", as did streaming sites like Amazon.com and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20523553",
"chunk_text": "\"Half Measures\"\nHalf Measures \"\"Half Measures\"\" is the twelfth and penultimate episode of the third season of the American television drama series \"\"Breaking Bad\"\", and the 32nd overall episode of the series. It originally aired on AMC in the United States on June 6, 2010. Skyler pushes Walt to accept her plan of laundering his drug money through the car wash. They continue to disagree, but are able to negotiate a plan that allows Walt to have some family dinners at home as a ploy to make the Whites appear reconciled. Meanwhile, Jesse begins to plot against those who killed Combo. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13536295",
"chunk_text": "\"My Struggle III\"\npercent decrease in viewership from the previous season premiere in 2016 which had 16.2 million viewers. In the United Kingdom, where the episode was broadcast on February 5, 2018 on Channel 5, it was watched by a total of 1.87 million viewers over a 28-day period, including on the timeshift channel, Channel 5 +1, and the on demand service, My5. My Struggle III \"\"My Struggle III\"\" is the first episode and season premiere of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\". The episode was written and directed by Chris Carter and it aired on January",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19251596",
"chunk_text": "\"Better Call Saul (season 3)\"\nto bring me in for some flashbacks this coming season, but that's kind of beside the point.\"\" The third season was released on Blu-ray and DVD in region 1 on January 16, 2018. The set contains all 10 episodes, plus audio commentaries for every episode and several behind-the-scenes featurettes. Better Call Saul (season 3) The third season of the American television drama series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\" premiered on April 10, 2017, and concluded on June 19, 2017. The ten-episode season was broadcast on Monday nights in the United States on AMC. \"\"Better Call Saul\"\" is a spin-off of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15488481",
"chunk_text": "\"Expenses (Better Call Saul)\"\nExpenses (Better Call Saul) \"\"Expenses\"\" is the seventh episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on May 22, 2017 on AMC in the United States. Jimmy does community service by picking up garbage under a highway bridge. At the same time, he uses his cell phone to conduct business for \"\"Saul Goodman Productions\"\". At the end of his four hour shift, his supervisor logs only thirty minutes, informing Jimmy that he violated the rules by using his phone. Jimmy changes clothes and drives to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "124225",
"chunk_text": "\"Slip (Better Call Saul)\"\nof the show's continued ability to make the most mundane actions dramatic and watchable.\"\" Slip (Better Call Saul) \"\"Slip\"\" is the eighth episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on June 5, 2017 on AMC in the United States. In a flashback, Jimmy and Marco break into the McGills' abandoned store in Cicero, Illinois. Hoping to use an Indian-head penny for a con, Jimmy recovers his childhood coin collection, which he had hidden in an old Band-Aid box inside the panels of the suspended ceiling.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4586736",
"chunk_text": "\"Something Beautiful (Better Call Saul)\"\nSomething Beautiful (Better Call Saul) \"\"Something Beautiful\"\" is the third episode of the fourth season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on August 20, 2018 on AMC in the United States. Victor, Tyrus and Nacho drive in two cars to a remote spot in the desert and stage an attack on Nacho's car. They intend to make it appear as though Arturo and Nacho were ambushed, and the drugs they were carrying stolen, so they shoot Arturo's body and riddle the car with bullets. Victor and Tyrus shoot Nacho",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13536294",
"chunk_text": "\"My Struggle III\"\nAmell, whose characters debuted in season ten. The episode features the return of character Jeffrey Spender played by Chris Owens, who last appeared in the original series finale episode which aired in 2002. Barbara Hershey also makes her first appearance as a new recurring character, Erika Price. \"\"My Struggle III\"\" received generally mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 33% with an average rating of 5.96 out of 10 based on 9 reviews. In its initial broadcast in the United States on January 3, 2018, it received 5.2 million viewers, which was a 62",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4145168",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the American Hero\"\nChuck Versus the American Hero \"\"Chuck Versus the American Hero\"\" is the 12th episode of the third season of \"\"Chuck\"\". It first aired on March 29, 2010. Chuck is given a week's paid leave before being sent on his first mission as a real agent, and chooses to use that time in an effort to win back Sarah's heart. Chuck arrives in Washington, D.C. to be briefed on his new assignment in Rome and Beckman grants him a week's leave before shipping out when Chuck admits he doesn't feel he's ready. Beckman reveals that Chuck is not going to Rome",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4145178",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the American Hero\"\nChuck Versus the American Hero \"\"Chuck Versus the American Hero\"\" is the 12th episode of the third season of \"\"Chuck\"\". It first aired on March 29, 2010. Chuck is given a week's paid leave before being sent on his first mission as a real agent, and chooses to use that time in an effort to win back Sarah's heart. Chuck arrives in Washington, D.C. to be briefed on his new assignment in Rome and Beckman grants him a week's leave before shipping out when Chuck admits he doesn't feel he's ready. Beckman reveals that Chuck is not going to Rome",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12556934",
"chunk_text": "\"Slip (Better Call Saul)\"\nSlip (Better Call Saul) \"\"Slip\"\" is the eighth episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on June 5, 2017 on AMC in the United States. In a flashback, Jimmy and Marco break into the McGills' abandoned store in Cicero, Illinois. Hoping to use an Indian-head penny for a con, Jimmy recovers his childhood coin collection, which he had hidden in an old Band-Aid box inside the panels of the suspended ceiling. He explains that he started his collection of curious-looking coins following his father's futile",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7496897",
"chunk_text": "\"Lantern (Better Call Saul)\"\nLantern (Better Call Saul) \"\"Lantern\"\" is the tenth and final episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on June 19, 2017 on AMC in the United States. In a flashback, a young Chuck reads \"\"The Adventures of Mabel\"\" to a younger Jimmy in a tent outside their family's house. The camera zooms in on a lantern as Chuck continues. Jimmy visits Kim in the hospital, where her broken arm has been put in a cast. After she is discharged, the two return to the site",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10028694",
"chunk_text": "\"Ejen Ali\"\nOctober 6 and October 13 respectively. Just like Season 1, It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3, Fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth episodes shown on November 17, November 24, December 1 and December 8 respectively. Episode nine to eleven aired from February 9 to February 23, 2018. The twelfth episode was released on March 23, 2018. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season 2) was released on March 30, making 26 episodes total. These characters are the agents of M.A.T.A (\"\"Meta Advance Tactical Agency\"\"), a secret spy organization that possess advanced technologies and is responsible for keeping the peace",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1243884",
"chunk_text": "\"Splatty Tomato\"\n21 had plenty of shining moments.\"\" Splatty Tomato \"\"Splatty Tomato\"\" is the tenth episode and the season finale of the twenty-first season of the American animated television series \"\"South Park\"\". The 287th overall episode of the series, it premiered on Comedy Central in the United States on December 6, 2017. The episode, which parodies support for Donald Trump among white middle-class Americans, depicts the people of South Park as they deal with sightings of President Garrison that frighten their children, likening him to the antagonists of popular works of horror, including \"\"Stranger Things\"\" and the 2017 feature film adaptation \"\"It\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12367901",
"chunk_text": "\"RuPaul's Drag Race (season 10)\"\nand names stated are at time of contest)\"\" Listed in chronological order: Guests who appeared in episodes, but did not judge on the main stage. Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 4 Episode 5 Episode 7 Episode 8 Episode 9 Episode 10 Episode 11 <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> RuPaul's Drag Race (season 10) The tenth season of \"\"RuPaul's Drag Race\"\" began airing on March 22, 2018, on VH1. The premiere was broadcast one week after the finale of the third season of \"\"\"\", and episodes are to be followed by \"\"RuPaul's Drag Race: Untucked\"\". Contestants were officially announced on February 22, 2018, in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14553169",
"chunk_text": "\"K.C. Undercover\"\non the English feed of Disney XD in the Middle East and Africa on October 12, 2015. In India, the series premiered on October 30, 2017 on Disney International HD. K.C. Undercover K.C. Undercover is an American comedy television series created by Corinne Marshall that aired on Disney Channel from January 18, 2015 to February 2, 2018. The series stars Zendaya as a teenager named K.C. who becomes a spy. Starring alongside her are Veronica Dunne, Kamil McFadden, Trinitee Stokes, Tammy Townsend, and Kadeem Hardison. Set in Washington, D.C., the series follows K.C. Cooper, a high school math genius who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "908632",
"chunk_text": "\"Ricochet (wrestler)\"\nwould be forced to retire. Pentagón won the match and the Lucha Underground Championship with help from Vampiro, ending Prince Puma's Lucha Underground career. Though Mann's Lucha Underground contract had expired, he could not appear on television for another promotion until season three had been aired in its entirety. Mann later commented on his status, stating that an \"\"underground fighting company holding [him] back\"\" was the reason he had not yet been signed by a \"\"major promotion\"\". The final episode of the third season aired on October 18, 2017, sixteen months after being taped. On January 16, 2018, WWE announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4457653",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Subway\"\nChuck Versus the Subway \"\"Chuck Versus the Subway\"\" is the 18th episode of the third season of \"\"Chuck\"\". It originally aired on May 24, 2010 in a special two-hour block with \"\".\"\" As the Intersect continues to malfunction Stephen hurries to complete the Governor for his son. Meanwhile, Ellie learns that her brother is a spy, as Daniel Shaw and the Ring close in on Team Bartowski and their families. As Stephen works on Chuck’s Governor at Castle, Sarah takes Chuck out to distract him. However, Chuck flashes on Shaw's voice at a flea market, prompting Chuck to chase him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16986659",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Subway\"\nis Casey's daughter. He takes her to the locker, where they unlock a secret compartment containing a large stack of cash. Morgan helps make arrangements for Alex to flee and disappear as Casey instructed. In this episode, Alex evades Casey with self-defense training. In reality, Mekenna Melvin has karate training and holds the level of a first-degree black belt in Taekwondo. Chuck Versus the Subway \"\"Chuck Versus the Subway\"\" is the 18th episode of the third season of \"\"Chuck\"\". It originally aired on May 24, 2010 in a special two-hour block with \"\".\"\" As the Intersect continues to malfunction Stephen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1648217",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown\"\nfinale, but was pre-empted by coverage of the Orlando nightclub shooting. Season 9 was broadcast from April to July 2017. The final two episodes were delayed one week when coverage of the attack near the Finsbury Park mosque pre-empted the June 18, 2017 broadcast. Season 10 premiered on October 1, 2017. In the premiere, Bourdain traveled to Singapore. Other locations include the French Alps, Lagos, Pittsburgh, Sri Lanka, Puerto Rico, Seattle, and Southern Italy. On November 12, 2017, the show was pre-empted when Bourdain presented his documentary \"\"Jeremiah Tower, The Last Magnificent\"\", exploring America's first celebrity chef. Season 11 premiered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5396961",
"chunk_text": "\"Witness (Better Call Saul)\"\nWitness (Better Call Saul) \"\"Witness\"\" is the second episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on April 17, 2017 on AMC in the United States. At dusk, Chuck converses with David, his recently hired private investigator, who is playing solitaire. After turning off the lamp, Chuck looks out the window of his house. Mike observes the two individuals he followed from his house give the tracking device from his car to a courier. He follows the courier throughout the night as he makes pick ups",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6326023",
"chunk_text": "\"Plus One (The X-Files)\"\ncritics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 100% with an average rating of 7.27 out of 10 based on 8 reviews. In its initial broadcast in the United States on January 17, 2018, it received 3.95 million viewers, which was the same number of viewership from the previous episode. Plus One (The X-Files) \"\"Plus One\"\" is the third episode of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\". The episode was written by Chris Carter and directed by Kevin Hooks. It aired on January 17, 2018, on Fox. The traditional tagline, \"\"The Truth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8316585",
"chunk_text": "\"Fargo (season 3)\"\nin various technical and creative categories. Fargo (season 3) The third season of \"\"Fargo\"\", an American anthology black comedy–crime drama television series created by Noah Hawley, premiered on April 19, 2017, on the basic cable network FX. The season had ten episodes, and its initial airing concluded on June 21, 2017. As an anthology, each \"\"Fargo\"\" season possesses its own self-contained narrative, following a disparate set of characters in various settings, albeit in a connected shared universe. The third season is set primarily between December 2010 and March 2011, in three Minnesota towns: St. Cloud, Eden Valley, and Eden Prairie,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20079681",
"chunk_text": "\"Ink Master\"\nRedemption\"\" and \"\"\"\", have also been released. The series has also released a number of special standalone episodes generally themed around an upcoming event or holiday such as Halloween. The tenth season (titled as \"\"Ink Master: Return of the Masters\"\") premiered on January 9, 2018, and aired its first two episodes on Spike before the network rebranded as the Paramount Network. On April 24, 2018, it was announced that Paramount Network had renewed the series for an eleventh season. \"\"Ink Master\"\" airs on the Australian TV channel, 7mate. In the UK, \"\"Ink Master\"\" airs on truTV, also available in Ireland.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "741048",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flag House\"\nThe Flag House \"\"The Flag House\"\" is the tenth episode of the sixth season of the American television drama series \"\"Homeland\"\", and the 70th episode overall. It premiered on Showtime on March 26, 2017. Zeroing in on the location of Belli (C.J. Wilson) via the phone trace, Quinn (Rupert Friend) ends up in a neighborhood familiar to him. The GPS takes him to a diner where he catches up with a waitress (Erin Darke) who recognizes him and calls him \"\"Johnny\"\". Quinn then goes to a nearby house with a U.S. flag posted outside. Knowing where a key is hidden,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16979250",
"chunk_text": "\"Wild 'n Out\"\n2017 on MTV. The 10th season contains a total of 16 episodes which were broadcast from November 30, 2017 to March 1, 2018 on MTV. The 11th season will consist of 22 episodes and premiered on March 15, 2018 on MTV, two weeks after the end of Season 10. The season resumed on July 12, 2018. The 12th season will consist of 26 episodes and premiered on August 17, 2018 on MTV. The 13th season had filmed in Atlanta from October 29 to November 11, 2018 and will air sometime in 2019 on MTV. Wild 'n Out Nick Cannon Presents:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10234319",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Ring: Part II\"\nepisode grade B+. DeAnn Welker of Television Without Pity rated the episode A. Chuck Versus the Ring: Part II \"\"Chuck Versus the Ring: Part II\"\" is the 19th episode and season finale of the third season of \"\"Chuck\"\". It was originally aired May 24, 2010 in a special two-hour block with \"\"Chuck Versus the Subway\"\". Team Bartowski escapes execution by Shaw, thanks to Morgan and Devon. Learning from an imprisoned General Beckman that the Ring Elders are going to be at a spy convention to take over the CIA and NSA, Team Bartowski prepares to capture the Elders and expose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11219940",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Versus the Three Words\"\nChuck Versus the Three Words \"\"Chuck Versus the Three Words\"\" is the second episode of the third season of the NBC action-comedy television series Chuck. It was aired January 10, 2010, on NBC. In the episode, Carina returns with a new mission for Team Bartowski - steal back a stolen weapon from her \"\"fiancé\"\", an arms dealer named Karl Stromberg. Meanwhile, Morgan plans to \"\"win\"\" her back, with the unlikely help of Jeff and Lester. As the episode opens a man is running through the jungle, clutching a briefcase. Before he can escape he is caught by a massive, scarred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18400545",
"chunk_text": "\"Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series, season 9)\"\nHawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series, season 9) The ninth season of the CBS police procedural drama series \"\"Hawaii Five-0\"\" premiered on September 28, 2018 for the 2018–19 television season. CBS renewed the series for a ninth season in April 2018. The season is expected to contain 22 episodes. In the two-hundredth episode which took place in the year 1941, the main cast portrayed characters separate from their normal roles. The actor/character portrayals in the episode are as follows: <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On July 19, 2018, it was announced that the season is set to see multiple crossovers with \"\"Magnum P.I.\"\". Lenkov confirmed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7339854",
"chunk_text": "\"K.C. Undercover\"\nK.C. Undercover K.C. Undercover is an American comedy television series created by Corinne Marshall that aired on Disney Channel from January 18, 2015 to February 2, 2018. The series stars Zendaya as a teenager named K.C. who becomes a spy. Starring alongside her are Veronica Dunne, Kamil McFadden, Trinitee Stokes, Tammy Townsend, and Kadeem Hardison. Set in Washington, D.C., the series follows K.C. Cooper, a high school math genius who gets recruited by her parents, Craig and Kira Cooper, after she discovers that they are secretly undercover spies working for an agency called The Organization. Her brother, Ernie, tries to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15026932",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chris Gethard Show\"\nfinal episode of the third season aired on May 29, 2018. On August 6, 2018, Chris Gethard announced via Facebook that the show was canceled by truTV and is finished. The public-access run of the show consisted of hour-long episodes broadcast live at 11pm on Wednesday nights on MNN. Each episode opened with the theme song, Gethard's introduction of the panel, and the episode title, traditionally the first words in the episode, spoken by band member Bill Florio. The episode title generally explained the conceit of the episode, either as a call-in topic (such as \"\"Tell Us Something You've Never",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3975157",
"chunk_text": "\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\ncast as Shay Mosley for the ninth season after Miguel Ferrer's death. On April 18, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a tenth season, which premiered on September 30, 2018. \"\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\" follows Special Agent G. Callen (Chris O'Donnell), a \"\"legend\"\" assigned to the Office of Special Projects (OSP), a fictitious branch of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (the real-life NCIS has no offices in Los Angeles). Callen leads an elite team of undercover operatives as they battle enemies both foreign and domestic under the watchful eye of Operational Manager Henrietta \"\"Hetty\"\" Lange (Linda Hunt). The team is composed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16324209",
"chunk_text": "\"My Struggle IV\"\nMy Struggle IV \"\"My Struggle IV\"\" is the tenth episode and finale of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\". The episode was written and directed by Chris Carter. It aired on March 21, 2018, on Fox. The tagline for this episode is \"\"Salvator Mundi\"\". The show centers on FBI special agents who work on unsolved paranormal cases called X-Files; focusing on the investigations of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny), and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) after their reinstatement in the FBI. In this episode, Mulder and Scully rush to find an on-the-run William, while the Cigarette",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13739691",
"chunk_text": "\"Sunk Costs (Better Call Saul)\"\nSunk Costs (Better Call Saul) \"\"Sunk Costs\"\" is the third episode of the third season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on April 24, 2017 on AMC in the United States. After following his planted tracking device's signal to an empty stretch of highway, Mike finds it left in the middle of the road along with a ringing cell phone. He answers, agrees to the caller's request that no guns be displayed, and is told to wait for two cars to approach from opposite directions. The cars soon arrive,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_430
|
where does the ohio river and the mississippi river meet?
|
n/a
|
[
"Cairo, Illinois"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1785757",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nOhio River The Ohio River, which flows westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi (by (long-term mean discharge, Ohio at Cairo: 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m/s); Mississippi at Thebes: 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m/s)) and, thus from a hydrological perspective, is the main stream of the whole river system. The river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 15 states. Through its largest tributary, the Tennessee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3450768",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nMississippi River Forecast Center. Ohio River The Ohio River, which flows westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi (by (long-term mean discharge, Ohio at Cairo: 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m/s); Mississippi at Thebes: 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m/s)) and, thus from a hydrological perspective, is the main stream of the whole river system. The river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 15 states. Through its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291118",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\ncourse forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River at the city of Cairo, Illinois. Where the Ohio joins the Mississippi is the lowest elevation in the state of Illinois, at . The Ohio River, which flows westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi. Measured by long-term mean discharge in cubic feet per second and cubic meters per second,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291119",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nthe Ohio River at Cairo: 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m/s); and the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, which is upstream of the confluence: 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m/s). In both measures, the Ohio River water flow is higher than that of the Mississippi River. From a hydrographic perspective, the Ohio River is the main stream of the whole river system. Major tributaries of the river, indicated by the location of the mouths, include: The Ohio's drainage basin covers , encompassing the easternmost regions of the Mississippi Basin. The Ohio drains parts of 15 states in four regions. The Ohio River",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "988228",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nfalls over for an average rate of . At its confluence with the Ohio River, the Middle Mississippi is above sea level. Apart from the Missouri and Meramec rivers of Missouri and the Kaskaskia River of Illinois, no major tributaries enter the Middle Mississippi River. The Mississippi River is called the Lower Mississippi River from its confluence with the Ohio River to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of about . At the confluence of the Ohio and the Middle Mississippi, the long-term mean discharge of the Ohio at Cairo, Illinois is , while the long-term mean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14013186",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nMissouri River is the longest river on the North American continent. The Missouri River was one of the main routes for the watershed expansion of the United States during the 19th century. The Ohio River runs 981 miles (1582 km) long, starting at the meeting of the Allegheny River and the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; ending in Cairo, Illinois, where it then flows into the Mississippi. The Ohio River flows through six states, including, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The river is a location with the capacity to provide enough water for over five million people.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291088",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nthe Ohio River, which would have included parts of present-day Eastern Kentucky, Virginia and West Virginia. Pre-Columbian inhabitants of eastern North America considered the Ohio part of a single river continuing on through the lower Mississippi. The combined Allegheny-Ohio river is long and carries the largest volume of water of any tributary of the Mississippi. The Indians and early explorers and settlers of the region also often considered the Allegheny to be part of the Ohio. The forks (the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers at what is now Pittsburgh) were considered a strategic military location. The river had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4871227",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nMississippi River System The Mississippi River System, also referred to as the Western Rivers, is a mostly riverine network of the United States which includes the Mississippi River and connecting waterways. The Mississippi River is the largest drainage basin in the United States. In the United States, the Mississippi drains about forty-one percent of the country's rivers. From the perspective of natural geography and hydrology, the system consists of the Mississippi River itself and its numerous natural tributaries and distributaries. The major tributaries are the Arkansas, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio and Red rivers. Given their flow volumes, major Ohio River tributaries",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968784",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nMississippi River The Mississippi River is the second longest river of the United States and the chief river of the second-largest drainage system on the North American continent, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. Its source is Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota and it flows generally south for to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. The main stem is entirely within the United States; the total drainage basin is ,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5118815",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi embayment\"\nMississippi embayment The Mississippi Embayment is a physiographic feature in the south-central United States, part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. It is essentially a northward continuation of the fluvial sediments of the Mississippi River Delta to its confluence with the Ohio River at Cairo, Illinois. The current sedimentary area was formed in the Cretaceous and early Cenozoic by the filling with sediment of a pre-existing basin. An explanation for the embayment's formation was put forward by Van Arsdale and Cox in 2007; movement of the earth's crust brought this region over a volcanic \"\"hotspot\"\" in the Earth's mantle causing an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968785",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nof which only about one percent is in Canada. The Mississippi ranks as the fourth-longest and fifteenth-largest river by discharge in the world. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Native Americans have lived along the Mississippi River and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were hunter-gatherers, but some, such as the Mound Builders, formed prolific agricultural societies. The arrival of Europeans in the 16th century changed the native way of life as first explorers, then settlers, ventured into the basin in increasing numbers. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1785798",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nbeginning in the 1950s. The Ohio River is formed by the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers at Point State Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. From there, it flows northwest through Allegheny and Beaver counties, before making an abrupt turn to the south-southwest at the West Virginia–Ohio–Pennsylvania triple-state line (near East Liverpool, Ohio; Chester, West Virginia; and Ohioville, Pennsylvania). From there, it forms the border between West Virginia and Ohio, upstream of Wheeling, West Virginia. The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west-northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west-southwest course for most of its length. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291123",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nand West Virginia between Marietta, Ohio, and Huntington, West Virginia. As testimony to the major changes that occurred, such valleys are found on hilltops. The middle Ohio River formed in a manner similar to formation of the upper Ohio River. A north-flowing river was temporarily dammed by natural forces southwest of present-day Louisville, creating a large lake until the dam burst. A new route was carved to the Mississippi. Eventually the upper and middle sections combined to form what is essentially the modern Ohio River. The Ohio River is a naturally shallow river that was artificially deepened by a series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291082",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nIndiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. The Osage, Omaha, Ponca and Kaw lived in the Ohio Valley, but under pressure from the Iroquois to the northeast, migrated west of the Mississippi River in the 17th century to territory now defined as Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma. In 1669, René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle led a French expedition to the Ohio River, becoming the first Europeans to see it. After European-American settlement, the river served as a border between present-day Kentucky and Indian Territories. It was a primary transportation route for pioneers during the westward expansion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1809776",
"chunk_text": "\"Lower Mississippi River\"\nLower Mississippi River The Lower Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River downstream of Cairo, Illinois. From the confluence of the Ohio River and Upper Mississippi River at Cairo, the Lower flows just under 1600 kilometers (1000 mi) to the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most heavily travelled component of the Mississippi River System. Unlike on the upper rivers, there are no locks or dams on the Lower Mississippi. The river is, however, constrained by levees and dikes to control flooding and secure a navigation channel for barges. The Old River Control Structure, the Bonnet Carré Spillway,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7867756",
"chunk_text": "\"Allegheny River\"\nwas set to begin in 2018. Allegheny River The Allegheny River ( ) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the \"\"Point\"\" of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The river is approximately long, running through the U.S. states of New York and Pennsylvania. It drains a rural dissected plateau of in the northern Allegheny Plateau, providing the northeastern most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3450767",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nriver loses depth very gradually until its confluence with the Mississippi at Cairo, Illinois, where it has an approximate depth of . Water levels for the Ohio River from Smithland Lock and Dam upstream to Pittsburgh are predicted daily by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ohio River Forecast Center. The water depth predictions are relative to each local flood plain based upon predicted rainfall in the Ohio River basin in five reports as follows: The water levels for the Ohio River from Smithland Lock and Dam to Cairo, Illinois, are predicted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Lower",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164529",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nthe river itself, its watershed, its outflow, its prehistoric and historic course changes, and possibilities of future course changes. The New Madrid Seismic Zone along the river is also noteworthy. These various basic geographical aspects of the river in turn underlie its human history and present uses of the waterway and its adjacent lands. The Mississippi River can be divided into three sections: the Upper Mississippi, the river from its headwaters to the confluence with the Missouri River; the Middle Mississippi, which is downriver from the Missouri to the Ohio River; and the Lower Mississippi, which flows from the Ohio",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16305465",
"chunk_text": "\"Allegheny River\"\nAllegheny River The Allegheny River ( ) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the \"\"Point\"\" of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The river is approximately long, running through the U.S. states of New York and Pennsylvania. It drains a rural dissected plateau of in the northern Allegheny Plateau, providing the northeastern most drainage in the watershed of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164536",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\neither side. The height of these bluffs decreases to the south of Dubuque, though they are still significant through Savanna, Illinois. This topography contrasts strongly with the Lower Mississippi, which is a meandering river in a broad, flat area, only rarely flowing alongside a bluff (as at Vicksburg, Mississippi). The Mississippi River is known as the Middle Mississippi from the Upper Mississippi River's confluence with the Missouri River at St. Louis, Missouri, for to its confluence with the Ohio River at Cairo, Illinois. The Middle Mississippi is relatively free-flowing. From St. Louis to the Ohio River confluence, the Middle Mississippi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4934008",
"chunk_text": "\"Upper Mississippi River\"\nprovide a collective 123 meters (404 ft) of lift. The Army Corps of Engineers has studied expanding locks 20, 21, 22, 24, and 25 on the Upper Mississippi. Upper Mississippi River The Upper Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River upstream of Cairo, Illinois, United States. From the headwaters at Lake Itasca, Minnesota, the river flows approximately 2000 kilometers (1250 mi) to Cairo, where it is joined by the Ohio River to form the Lower Mississippi River. In terms of geologic and hydrographic history, the Upper Mississippi east and south of Fort Snelling is a portion of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12114973",
"chunk_text": "\"Upper Mississippi River\"\nUpper Mississippi River The Upper Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River upstream of Cairo, Illinois, United States. From the headwaters at Lake Itasca, Minnesota, the river flows approximately 2000 kilometers (1250 mi) to Cairo, where it is joined by the Ohio River to form the Lower Mississippi River. In terms of geologic and hydrographic history, the Upper Mississippi east and south of Fort Snelling is a portion of the now-extinct Glacial River Warren which carved the valley of the Minnesota River, permitting the immense Glacial Lake Agassiz to join the world's oceans at the Gulf of Mexico.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968805",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nLake Itasca, the Mississippi has a length of 2,320 miles (3,730 km). When measured from its longest stream source (most distant source from the sea), Brower's Spring in Montana, the source of the Missouri River, it has a length of 3,710 miles, making it the fourth longest river in the world after the Nile, Amazon, and Yangtze. When measured by the largest stream source (by water volume), the Ohio River, by extension the Allegheny River, would be the source, and the Mississippi would begin in Pennsylvania. The Mississippi River runs through or along 10 states, from Minnesota to Louisiana, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12114743",
"chunk_text": "\"Lower Mississippi River\"\nallow New Panamax ship depths. Lower Mississippi River The Lower Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River downstream of Cairo, Illinois. From the confluence of the Ohio River and Upper Mississippi River at Cairo, the Lower flows just under 1600 kilometers (1000 mi) to the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most heavily travelled component of the Mississippi River System. Unlike on the upper rivers, there are no locks or dams on the Lower Mississippi. The river is, however, constrained by levees and dikes to control flooding and secure a navigation channel for barges. The Old River Control",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14013183",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nmelting from glaciers. The bottom of the river is composed of a thin layer of clay, silt, loam, and sand, which lay above a stratum of glacial outwash. The Upper Mississippi River covers approximately half of the Mississippi River's length. About 850 miles of the river is able to be navigated, from Minneapolis-St. Paul to the Ohio River. The river sustains a large variety of marine life, including 127 species of fish and 30 species of freshwater mussels. The Arkansas River is one of the major tributaries in the Mississippi River system. It flows west to east starting in Colorado",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3450720",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nthe river was narrow, it was the way to freedom for thousands of slaves escaping to the North, many helped by free blacks and whites of the Underground Railroad resistance movement. The Ohio River is a climatic transition area, as its water runs along the periphery of the humid subtropical and humid continental climate areas. It is inhabited by fauna and flora of both climates. In winter, it regularly freezes over at Pittsburgh but rarely farther south toward Cincinnati and Louisville. At Paducah, Kentucky, in the south, near the Ohio's confluence with the Mississippi, it is ice-free year-round. The name",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164540",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\ndrains the majority of the area between the crest of the Rocky Mountains and the crest of the Appalachian Mountains, except for various regions drained to Hudson Bay by the Red River of the North; to the Atlantic Ocean by the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River; and to the Gulf of Mexico by the Rio Grande, the Alabama and Tombigbee rivers, the Chattahoochee and Appalachicola rivers, and various smaller coastal waterways along the Gulf. The Mississippi River empties into the Gulf of Mexico about downstream from New Orleans. Measurements of the length of the Mississippi from Lake Itasca",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "988229",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\ndischarge of the Mississippi at Thebes, Illinois (just upriver from Cairo) is . Thus, by volume, the main branch of the Mississippi River system at Cairo can be considered to be the Ohio River (and the Allegheny River further upstream), rather than the Middle Mississippi. In addition to the Ohio River, the major tributaries of the Lower Mississippi River are the White River, flowing in at the White River National Wildlife Refuge in east central Arkansas; the Arkansas River, joining the Mississippi at Arkansas Post; the Big Black River in Mississippi; and the Yazoo River, meeting the Mississippi at Vicksburg,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291120",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nis a climatic transition area, as its water runs along the periphery of the humid continental and humid subtropical climate areas. It is inhabited by fauna and flora of both climates. In winter, it regularly freezes over at Pittsburgh but rarely farther south toward Cincinnati and Louisville. At Paducah, Kentucky, in the south, at the Ohio's confluence with the Tennessee River, it is ice-free year-round. In the 21st century, with the 2016 update of climate zones, the humid subtropical zone has stretched across the river, into the southern portions of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois From a geological standpoint, the Ohio",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12629796",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nArkansas Archeological Survey, and the Arkansas Archeological Society responded with a two-month data recovery effort. The fieldwork received national media attention as good news in the middle of a drought. The Great Flood of 1993 was another significant flood, primarily affecting the Mississippi above its confluence with the Ohio River at Cairo, Illinois. Two portions of the Mississippi were designated as American Heritage Rivers in 1997: the lower portion around Louisiana and Tennessee, and the upper portion around Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota and Missouri. The Nature Conservancy's project called \"\"America's Rivershed Initiative\"\" announced a 'report card' assessment of the entire basin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1785758",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nRiver, the basin includes many of the states of the southeastern U.S. It is the source of drinking water for three million people. The name \"\"Ohio\"\" comes from the Seneca, , \"\"Good River\"\". The river had great significance in the history of the Native Americans, as numerous civilizations formed along its valley. For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. Its waters connected communities. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14013184",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nand dumping the Mississippi River. Its length of 1,469 miles allows it to flow through Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. It is the sixth longest river in the US, the second longest tributary to the Mississippi River System, and the 45th longest river in the world. The Illinois River is a principal tributary of the Mississippi River. The river runs approximately 273 miles (439 km) long, in the U.S. state of Illinois. This river was important among Native Americans and early French traders as the principal water route connecting the Great Lakes with the Mississippi. The Illinois River meets the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4871232",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nenergy with dams and other power generating facilities. There are 20 dams and 49 other power generating facilities on the Ohio River. The Red River is the 10th longest river in the United States with a length of 1,290 miles. It originates right outside of the Rocky Mountains and stretches through multiple states with the main portion of it located in Texas. The river also crosses through Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana where then it links into the Mississippi River. The Red River is mostly surrounded by rural farm land with the only surrounding major cities being Shreveport, Louisiana and Alexandria,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12629759",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nwater flows separately into the Gulf of Mexico through the Atchafalaya River. The Mississippi River has the world's fourth-largest drainage basin (\"\"watershed\"\" or \"\"catchment\"\"). The basin covers more than , including all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. The drainage basin empties into the Gulf of Mexico, part of the Atlantic Ocean. The total catchment of the Mississippi River covers nearly 40% of the landmass of the continental United States. The highest point within the watershed is also the highest point of the Rocky Mountains, Mount Elbert at . In the United States, the Mississippi River",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968791",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nRiver has also experienced major pollution and environmental problems – most notably elevated nutrient and chemical levels from agricultural runoff, the primary contributor to the Gulf of Mexico dead zone. The word Mississippi itself comes from \"\"Misi zipi\"\", the French rendering of the Anishinaabe (Ojibwe or Algonquin) name for the river, \"\"Misi-ziibi\"\" (Great River). In the 18th century, the river was the primary western boundary of the young United States, and since the country's expansion westward, the Mississippi River has been widely considered a convenient if approximate dividing line between the Eastern, Southern, and Midwestern United States, and the Western",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14013185",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River System\"\nMississippi at Pere Marquette State Park, which is near Grafton. The confluence of the rivers offers vistas that seem endless. The Illinois River is relatively shallow, just like the Mississippi. In addition, the Illinois River is a \"\"managed\"\" river, just as the Mississippi River is. In 1848, the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened to connect Lake Michigan with the Mississippi River through the Illinois River to promote commerce. The Missouri River is a long stream that originates in southwest Montana and flows southeasterly for 2,522 miles; passing through six states before finally entering the Mississippi River at St. Louis. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3067885",
"chunk_text": "\"Great Miami River\"\nof Cincinnati. The river meanders across the state line near Lawrenceburg, Indiana in the last two miles (3 km) before reaching its mouth approximately ¼ mile east of the border in Ohio. The border of Ohio and Indiana was based on where the confluence of the Ohio and Great Miami Rivers was in 1800. In the 1700s, the French called the river Riviere a la Roche (\"\"River of the Rocks\"\"). The Miami and Erie Canal, which connected the Ohio River with Lake Erie, was built through the Great Miami watershed. The first portion of the canal, from Cincinnati to Middletown,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11590604",
"chunk_text": "\"Muskingum River\"\nMuskingum River The Muskingum River (Shawnee: Wakatamothiipi ) is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately 111 miles (179 km) long, in southeastern Ohio in the United States. An important commercial route in the 19th century, it flows generally southward through the eastern hill country of Ohio. Via the Ohio, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. The river is navigable for much of its length through a series of locks and dams. The Muskingum is formed at Coshocton in east-central Ohio by the confluence of the Walhonding and Tuscarawas rivers. It flows in a meandering course southward past",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291089",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\ngreat significance in the history of the Native Americans, as numerous civilizations formed along its valley. For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. Its waters connected communities. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. The Osage, Omaha, Ponca and Kaw lived in the Ohio Valley, but under pressure from the Iroquois to the northeast, migrated west of the Mississippi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3450719",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nof the early U.S. In his \"\"Notes on the State of Virginia\"\" published in 1781–82, Thomas Jefferson stated: \"\"The Ohio is the most beautiful river on earth. Its current gentle, waters clear, and bosom smooth and unbroken by rocks and rapids, a single instance only excepted.\"\" During the 19th century, the river was the southern boundary of the Northwest Territory. It is sometimes considered as the western extension of the Mason–Dixon Line that divided Pennsylvania from Maryland, and thus part of the border between free and slave territory, and between the Northern and Southern United States or Upper South. Where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291101",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nimprovements were expanded again in the 1960s, forming the present-day McAlpine Locks and Dam. Because the Ohio River flowed westward, it became a convenient means of westward movement by pioneers traveling from western Pennsylvania. After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. There, some continued on up the Missouri River, some up the Mississippi, and some further west over land routes. In the early 19th century, river pirates such as Samuel Mason, operating out of Cave-In-Rock, Illinois, waylaid travelers on their way down the river. They killed travelers, stealing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13291124",
"chunk_text": "\"Ohio River\"\nof dams. The natural depth of the river varied from about . The dams raise the water level and have turned the river largely into a series of reservoirs, eliminating shallow stretches and allowing for commercial navigation. From its origin to Cincinnati, the average depth is approximately . The largest immediate drop in water level is below the McAlpine Locks and Dam at the Falls of the Ohio at Louisville, Kentucky, where flood stage is reached when the water reaches on the lower gauge. However, the river's deepest point is on the western side of Louisville, Kentucky. From Louisville, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164534",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nand Dam No. 1, it has dropped more than half its original elevation and is above sea level. From St. Paul to St. Louis, Missouri, the river elevation falls much more slowly, and is controlled and managed as a series of pools created by 26 locks and dams. The Upper Mississippi River is joined by the Minnesota River at Fort Snelling in the Twin Cities; the St. Croix River near Prescott, Wisconsin; the Cannon River near Red Wing, Minnesota; the Zumbro River at Wabasha, Minnesota; the Black, La Crosse, and Root rivers in La Crosse, Wisconsin; the Wisconsin River at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15960394",
"chunk_text": "Stream\ncomponent of the Mississippi River basin is the Ohio River basin, which in turn includes the Kentucky River basin, and so forth. Stream crossings are where streams are crossed by roads, pipelines, railways, or any other thing which might restrict the flow of the steam in ordinary or flood conditions. Any structure over or in a stream which results in limitations on the movement of fish or other ecological elements may be an issue. Stream A stream is a body of water with surface water flowing within the bed and banks of a channel. The stream encompasses surface and groundwater",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968807",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nhave not changed, still following the former bed of the Mississippi River as of their establishment, leaving several small isolated areas of one state across the new river channel, contiguous with the adjacent state. Also, due to a meander in the river, a small part of western Kentucky is contiguous with Tennessee, but isolated from the rest of its state. Many of the communities along the Mississippi River are listed below; most have either historic significance or cultural lore connecting them to the river. They are sequenced from the source of the river to its end. The road crossing highest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "988256",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nriver when it bought the Louisiana Territory from France in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. The last serious European challenge to U.S. control of the river came at the conclusion of War of 1812 when British forces mounted an attack on New Orleans – the attack was repulsed by an American army under the command of General Andrew Jackson. In the Treaty of 1818, the U.S. and Great Britain agreed to fix the border running from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains along the 49th parallel north. In effect, the U.S. ceded the northwestern extremity of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20489473",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi Alluvial Plain (ecoregion)\"\nMississippi Alluvial Plain (ecoregion) The Mississippi Alluvial Plain is a Level III ecoregion designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in seven U.S. states, though predominantly in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. It parallels the Mississippi River from the Midwestern United States to the Gulf of Mexico. The Mississippi Alluvial Plain ecoregion has been subdivided into fifteen Level IV ecoregions. The Mississippi Alluvial Plain extends along the Mississippi River from the confluence of the Ohio River and Mississippi River southward to the Gulf of Mexico; temperatures and annual average precipitation increase toward the south. It is a broad, nearly level, agriculturally-dominated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968806",
"chunk_text": "\"Mississippi River\"\nis used to define portions of these states' borders, with Wisconsin, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi along the east side of the river, and Iowa, Missouri, and Arkansas along its west side. Substantial parts of both Minnesota and Louisiana are on either side of the river, although the Mississippi defines part of the boundary of each of these states. In all of these cases, the middle of the riverbed at the time the borders were established was used as the line to define the borders between adjacent states. In various areas, the river has since shifted, but the state borders",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15431364",
"chunk_text": "\"Tennessee River\"\nTennessee River The Tennessee River is the largest tributary of the Ohio River. It is approximately long and is located in the southeastern United States in the Tennessee Valley. The river was once popularly known as the Cherokee River, among other names, as many of the Cherokee had their territory along its banks, especially in eastern Tennessee and northern Alabama. Its current name is derived from the Cherokee village \"\"Tanasi\"\". The Tennessee River is formed at the confluence of the Holston and French Broad rivers in present-day Knoxville, Tennessee. From Knoxville, it flows southwest through East Tennessee into Chattanooga before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6272169",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nwet forests, as well as warm temperate and subtropical dry forests nearer the Great Plains in the west of the region. West of the Appalachians lies the lush Mississippi River basin and two large eastern tributaries, the Ohio River and the Tennessee River. The Ohio and Tennessee Valleys and the Midwest consist largely of rolling hills, interior highlands and small mountains, jungly marsh and swampland near the Ohio River, and productive farmland, stretching south to the Gulf Coast. The Midwest also has a vast amount of cave systems. The Great Plains lie west of the Mississippi River and east of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_431
|
who was the actor that played ben stone on law and order?
|
n/a
|
[
"Michael Moriarty"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4308475",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Moriarty\"\nMichael Moriarty Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series \"\"Holocaust\"\", and he played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show \"\"Law & Order.\"\" Moriarty is also known for his roles in films such as \"\"Bang the Drum Slowly\"\", \"\"Who'll Stop the Rain\"\", \"\"Q: The Winged Serpent\"\", \"\"The Stuff\"\", \"\"Pale Rider\"\", \"\"Troll\"\", \"\"Courage Under Fire\"\", and \"\"Shiloh\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4308487",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Moriarty\"\nRight\"\" Moriarty writes that he was a \"\"very bad drunk\"\", but that as of February 1, 2004, he had been sober for three years. Michael Moriarty Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series \"\"Holocaust\"\", and he played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show \"\"Law & Order.\"\" Moriarty is also known for his roles in films",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5412122",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character)\"\nBenjamin Stone (Law & Order character) Benjamin \"\"Ben\"\" Stone is a fictional character portrayed by Michael Moriarty in the TV drama \"\"Law & Order\"\". He was the Executive Assistant District Attorney for New York County until his resignation at the end of season four. He appeared in 88 episodes. Stone works in the Manhattan District Attorney's office under Alfred Wentworth (in the pilot episode) and Adam Schiff. He was raised in an Irish Catholic family. He was raised mostly by his Irish grandmother, his father having been an alcoholic. Stone is divorced and has a son, Peter Stone, who was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9151064",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character)\"\ndebate Senator Kent Conrad, he was replaced by FCC chairman Reed Hundt. Both appearances were scheduled to air on January 26, 1994. Moriarty submitted his resignation to producer Dick Wolf on January 25, 1994, and his departure was written into the series. Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character) Benjamin \"\"Ben\"\" Stone is a fictional character portrayed by Michael Moriarty in the TV drama \"\"Law & Order\"\". He was the Executive Assistant District Attorney for New York County until his resignation at the end of season four. He appeared in 88 episodes. Stone works in the Manhattan District Attorney's office under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6302561",
"chunk_text": "\"Law & Order\"\nas Captain Donald Cragen. On the prosecutor's side, Michael Moriarty was Dick Wolf's choice to play Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin \"\"Ben\"\" Stone. The network, however, preferred James Naughton, but, in the end, Wolf's choice would prevail, and Moriarty received the role. As his ADA, Richard Brooks and Eriq La Salle were being considered for the role of Paul Robinette. The network favored La Salle but, once again, the producers' choice prevailed, and Brooks received the role. As their boss, Roy Thinnes was cast as District Attorney Alfred Wentworth. Nearly two years passed between the pilot and production of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6302570",
"chunk_text": "\"Law & Order\"\nfor Ben Stone involved him resigning over guilt after a woman he compelled to testify against a Russian mobster was murdered by his cohorts. To replace Moriarty, Sam Waterston was Wolf's first choice for the role of Executive Assistant District Attorney John J. \"\"Jack\"\" McCoy Jr.; Waterston's character was markedly different from Moriarty's in that Jack McCoy was conceived as more emotionally stable and having more sex appeal. Wolf dismissed Noth when his contract expired at the end of Season 5, because he felt that Lennie Briscoe and Mike Logan had become too similar to each other and the writers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8707407",
"chunk_text": "\"Philip Winchester\"\nPhilip Winchester Philip C. Winchester (born March 24, 1981) is an English-American actor. He is known for his roles in \"\"The Patriot\"\", \"\"The Hi-Line\"\", \"\"LD 50 Lethal Dose\"\", \"\"Thunderbirds\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"King Lear\"\", \"\"Strike Back\"\", \"\"Flyboys\"\", \"\"In My Sleep\"\", \"\"The Heart of the Earth\"\" and \"\"Shaking Dream Land\"\". He is mostly known for his role as Peter Stone in \"\"Chicago Justice\"\" and \"\"\"\". Winchester graduated from Belgrade High School in Belgrade, Montana in 1999. He then lived and worked in London, United Kingdom (his mother's native country), and attended the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA). Winchester's acting career",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19169469",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Stone (Chicago and Law & Order character)\"\nwe cast Philip, the idea going in wasn't to make that character Ben Stone's son but as we saw it develop and we saw the actor, it made sense.\"\" Peter Stone (Chicago and Law & Order character) Peter Stone is a fictional character portrayed by Philip Winchester. Stone was initially a guest character as part of a backdoor pilot in the third season of the police procedural \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\". Following the success of the backdoor pilot and his character, Winchester was cast as a main character in \"\"Chicago Justice\"\", a spin-off of \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" During the character's time in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10453476",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character)\"\nthe visits since their father's death. She is murdered by sex traffickers in \"\"\"\". Stone's departure from the series stemmed from actor Michael Moriarty's dispute with the network and U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno, who in 1993 began promoting legislation to limit portrayals of violence on television. Moriarty, who was outspoken against Reno and what he felt was government censorship, was scheduled to appear on NBC shows \"\"Today\"\" and \"\"Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric\"\", but both ended up canceled. Moriarty had already taped his segment for \"\"Now\"\"; for his \"\"Today\"\" show appearance, during which he was scheduled to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15535037",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Bratt\"\nBenjamin Bratt Benjamin Bratt (born December 16, 1963) is an American actor. On television, Bratt portrayed NYPD Detective Rey Curtis on the NBC drama series \"\"Law & Order\"\" (for which he was nominated for the 1999 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series), Dr. Jake Reilly on ABC's \"\"Private Practice\"\" (2011–2013), Steve Navarro on \"\"\"\" (2014) and Jahil Rivera on \"\"Star\"\" (2016–2018). In film, Bratt has appeared in \"\"Demolition Man\"\" (1993), \"\"Blood In Blood Out\"\" (1993), \"\"Traffic\"\" (2000), \"\"Piñero\"\" (2001), \"\"Miss Congeniality\"\" (2000), \"\"Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs\"\" (2009) and its sequel (2013), \"\"La Mission\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18195600",
"chunk_text": "\"Law & Order (season 4)\"\nLaw & Order (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Law & Order\"\" aired on NBC between September 15, 1993, and May 25, 1994. This is the final season to feature Michael Moriarty as Ben Stone. It is also the first season to include a shorter opening sequence and theme (at 46 seconds), which would be used for the remainder of the series' run. Season four was released on DVD December 6, 2005. There were two cast changes from season 3: This was the first time women played any of the \"\"Law and Order\"\" 's six major characters: both roles would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6921242",
"chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\nrecurring role for episodes 1–3 and then was promoted to the main cast in episode 5, with Kelli Giddish, Danny Pino, Ice-T and Raúl Esparza no longer appearing in every episode. On May 20, 2015, it was revealed that Danny Pino would be leaving the cast after the season 16 finale \"\"Surrendering Noah\"\". In August 2017, it was announced that Philip Winchester would recur in season 19 as ADA Peter Stone, his character from \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" and \"\"Chicago Justice\"\", who is the son of Benjamin Stone, the ADA on the original \"\"Law & Order\"\" show. It was later also announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4308480",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Moriarty\"\nof Korean Air Lines flight 007 in 1983. He portrayed U.S. Air Force Major Hank Daniels, who was largely ignored if not ridiculed for showing how the ill-fated airliner had strayed off course into airspace known by the Soviets to be used by U.S. Air Force electronic surveillance planes as they approached Soviet airspace. From 1990 to 1994, Moriarty starred as Ben Stone on \"\"Law & Order\"\". He left the show in 1994, alleging that his departure was a result of his threatening a lawsuit against then-Attorney General Janet Reno, who had cited \"\"Law & Order\"\" as offensively violent. Moriarty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15721765",
"chunk_text": "\"John C. McGinley\"\nJohn C. McGinley John Christopher McGinley (born August 3, 1959) is an American actor. He is most notable for his roles as Perry Cox in \"\"Scrubs\"\", Bob Slydell in \"\"Office Space\"\", Captain Hendrix in \"\"The Rock\"\", Sergeant Red O'Neill in Oliver Stone's \"\"Platoon,\"\" Marv in Stone's \"\"Wall Street\"\", and FBI agent Ben Harp in \"\"Point Break.\"\" He has also written and produced for television and film. Apart from acting, McGinley is also an author, a board member and international spokesman for the Global Down Syndrome Foundation, and a spokesman for the National Down Syndrome Society. McGinley, who is one of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10788543",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Willis\"\nMichael Willis Michael Willis, (born October 4, 1949), is an American television and movie character actor. Willis' credits include movie roles in \"\"Pushing Tin\"\" and \"\"Men in Black\"\", and several episodes of \"\"Law & Order\"\". Willis was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. He was a seven-year veteran of the U.S. Air Force from 1970 to 1976, serving during the Vietnam War. After completing his service, Willis turned to theater acting with the Woolly Mammoth Theater Company in Washington, D.C. Critical acclaim of Willis' stage work lead to the actor pursuing a movie and television career. A Calvert County, Maryland resident, Willis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2521787",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character)\"\nafter convicting con artist and murderer Philip Swann, who years later enters a civil suit against Stone when the validity of the conviction is called into question. (Swann is ultimately found guilty, however, and sent back to prison.) Stone's assistants have been Paul Robinette and Claire Kincaid. A strict, unyielding boss, Stone can be very difficult to work with; in the pilot episode, Sergeant Max Greevey and Detective Mike Logan, intimate that Stone \"\"eats ADAs for lunch.\"\" Nevertheless, Stone is usually rather soft-spoken, and is fond of using harmless words like \"\"sir\"\" to convey his contempt for the people he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14242057",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben Foster\"\nBen Foster Benjamin A. Foster (born October 29, 1980) is an American actor. He has had roles in films including \"\"The Punisher\"\" (2004), \"\"\"\" (2006), \"\"Alpha Dog\"\" (2006), \"\"The Messenger\"\" (2009), \"\"Pandorum\"\" (2009), \"\"The Mechanic\"\" (2011), \"\"Contraband\"\" (2012), \"\"Kill Your Darlings\"\" (2013), \"\"Lone Survivor\"\" (2013), \"\"The Program\"\" (2015), and \"\"Leave No Trace\"\" (2018). He was nominated for a Saturn Award and a Satellite Award for his role in \"\"\"\" (2007) and won an Independent Spirit Award for portraying Tanner Howard in \"\"Hell or High Water\"\" (2016). Foster was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of restaurant owners Gillian Kirwan and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6268521",
"chunk_text": "\"Sam Waterston\"\nSam Waterston Samuel Atkinson Waterston (born November 15, 1940) is an American actor, producer, and director. Among other roles, he is noted for his portrayal of Sydney Schanberg in \"\"The Killing Fields\"\" (1984), for which he received an Academy Award nomination, and his starring role as Jack McCoy on the long-running NBC television series \"\"Law & Order\"\" (1994–2010), which brought him Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards. He has been nominated for multiple Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild, BAFTA and Emmy awards, having starred in over eighty film and television productions during his fifty-year career. He has also starred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19770560",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Selleck\"\nTom Selleck Thomas William Selleck (; born January 29, 1945) is an American actor and film producer. He is known for starring as private investigator Thomas Magnum in the television series \"\"Magnum, P.I.\"\" (1980–1988) and as Peter Mitchell in \"\"Three Men and a Baby\"\". Selleck had a recurring role as Lance White, the likeable and naive partner of Jim Rockford (played by James Garner) on \"\"The Rockford Files\"\". He also played Police Chief Jesse Stone in a series of made-for-TV movies based on Robert B. Parker novels. Since 2010, he has starred as NYPD Commissioner Frank Reagan in the hit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4317323",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Stone (Chicago and Law & Order character)\"\nPeter Stone (Chicago and Law & Order character) Peter Stone is a fictional character portrayed by Philip Winchester. Stone was initially a guest character as part of a backdoor pilot in the third season of the police procedural \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\". Following the success of the backdoor pilot and his character, Winchester was cast as a main character in \"\"Chicago Justice\"\", a spin-off of \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" During the character's time in the \"\"Chicago\"\" franchise a guest appearance was also made in \"\"Chicago Med\"\". Following the cancellation of \"\"Chicago Justice\"\", Winchester was cast in \"\"\"\". Stone is the son and second child",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12421004",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy Stone\"\nBirth\"\". In 1998, Stone co-founded a nonprofit organization inspired by the film \"\"Trevor\"\", called The Trevor Project. The organization runs a 24-hour, toll-free suicide prevention hotline aimed at gay and questioning youth in the United States. The organization produced teaching guides and support materials for distribution to teens in schools. Stone was openly gay. His mother, Reverend Beverly Bates, has stated that she believes that Stone was the biological father of Jodie Foster's two sons. Randy Stone Randy Stone (August 26, 1958 – February 12, 2007) was an American actor, producer, casting director, Emmy and Academy Award winner. He was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13476658",
"chunk_text": "\"Dennis Farina\"\nDennis Farina Dennis Farina (February 29, 1944 – July 22, 2013) was an American film and television actor, TV presenter and a former Chicago police officer. He was a character actor, often typecast as a mobster or police officer. He is known for roles such as mobster Jimmy Serrano in the comedy \"\"Midnight Run\"\" and Ray \"\"Bones\"\" Barboni in \"\"Get Shorty\"\". He starred on television as Lieutenant Mike Torello on \"\"Crime Story\"\" and as NYPD Detective Joe Fontana on \"\"Law & Order\"\". From 2008-2010, he hosted and narrated the television program \"\"Unsolved Mysteries\"\" on Spike TV. His last major television",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10453470",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Stone (Law & Order character)\"\nthe Deputy Chief of the Special Prosecutions Bureau in Chicago and is now the Chief ADA of the Sex Crimes Bureau in New York, and a daughter, Pamela. Stone's prosecutorial methods are portrayed as being grounded in moral principles stemming from his Catholic faith. He is shown to be pro-life and opposed to the death penalty. He also is a strong advocate of social justice, having marched in the civil rights movement. It is implied that Stone, like actor Moriarty, is a Dartmouth College alumnus, with references to \"\"fraternity row\"\" and New Hampshire. Stone became Executive Assistant DA in 1985",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18626978",
"chunk_text": "\"J. K. Simmons\"\nSimmons is a member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the men's music fraternity, and was initiated in 1975 at University of Montana. During Mardi Gras 2018, J.K. Simmons was awarded King of Bacchus by the Krewe of Bacchus. J. K. Simmons Jonathan Kimble Simmons (born January 9, 1955) is an American actor and voice actor. In television, he is perhaps best known for playing Dr. Emil Skoda on the NBC series \"\"Law & Order\"\", Vernon Schillinger on the HBO series \"\"Oz\"\" and Assistant Police Chief Will Pope on TNT's \"\"The Closer\"\". Since 2017, he has starred as Howard Silk in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4317332",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Stone (Chicago and Law & Order character)\"\nStone being dropped. Philip Winchester was first announced to be starring in \"\"Chicago Law\"\" (later renamed \"\"Chicago Justice\"\") on February 19, 2016. It was later reported that Winchester would first appear in a backdoor pilot episode embedded in \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" Winchester continued to guest star in \"\"P.D.\"\" and made also a appearance in \"\"Chicago Med\"\". Following the cancellation of \"\"Justice\"\", it was announced that Winchester would move to \"\"Law & Order: SVU\"\" in a starring capacity. Winchester replaced Raúl Esparza on \"\"SVU\"\" who departed the series in Winchester's debut episode. Peter Jankowski, COO and President of Wolf Films, stated \"\"When",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12378980",
"chunk_text": "\"Baron Vaughn\"\nBaron Vaughn Baron Vaughn (born December 18, 1980) is an American comedian and actor, known for his portrayal of Nwabudike \"\"Bud\"\" Bergstein on the Netflix television series \"\"Grace and Frankie\"\" and Tom Servo on the 2017 revival of \"\"Mystery Science Theater 3000\"\". Previously, Vaughn appeared on the USA Network television series \"\"Fairly Legal\"\", on which he played legal assistant Leonardo Prince. A classically trained actor, Vaughn has appeared in \"\"Law & Order\"\" and has played supporting roles in a number of feature films, including \"\"Cloverfield\"\" and \"\"Black Dynamite\"\". However, he is best known for his comedy work; credits include \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2646774",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Linn-Baker\"\nMark Linn-Baker Mark Linn-Baker (born June 17, 1954) is an American actor and director who played Benjy Stone in the film \"\"My Favorite Year\"\" and Larry Appleton in the television sitcom \"\"Perfect Strangers\"\". Mark Linn Baker was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and later hyphenated his middle and last name. His mother, Joan (Sparks), was a dancer, and his father, William Nelson Baker, co-founded the Open Stage Theater in Hartford. His parents were both active in theatre and participated in civil rights activism. He graduated from Wethersfield High School in Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1972, and from Yale University in 1976.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8733099",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Durrell\"\nMichael Durrell Michael Durrell (born October 6, 1943 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American actor. He began his career in the role of attorney Peter Wexler on CBS in the soap opera \"\"The Guiding Light\"\". In 1969 he appeared on stage in \"\"Cock-A-Doodle-Dandy\"\" at the Lyceum Theatre in New York City. Other television roles were as police Lieutenant Moraga in the short-lived CBS crime drama \"\"Shannon\"\" (1981–1982), starring Kevin Dobson in the title role, and then as Nicholas Stone from 1984-1985 on CBS's \"\"Alice\"\". Another well-known role was in 1983 in the NBC science fiction miniseries called \"\"V\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13984317",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Robinette\"\nDistrict Attorney's office, where he felt he could make a difference. He works under Ben Stone (Michael Moriarty). He was mentored as a teenager by Deputy Police Commander William Jefferson, who inspired him to become a lawyer. In the pilot episode, \"\"Everybody's Favorite Bagman\"\", however, he and Stone discover that Jefferson is corrupt, and that he conspired to murder a city councilman. Robinette advocates racial equality through equal treatment, including equal punishment; while he abhors racism, he feels no sympathy for black people who break the law. He insists on being treated as the equal of his white colleagues, without",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12369571",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeremy Sisto\"\nJeremy Sisto Jeremy Merton Sisto (born October 6, 1974) is an American actor, producer, and writer. Sisto had recurring roles as Billy Chenowith in HBO's \"\"Six Feet Under\"\" and as NYPD Detective Cyrus Lupo in NBC's \"\"Law & Order\"\". He also starred in the comedy \"\"Clueless\"\" (1995), the biblical television film \"\"Jesus\"\" (1999), the drama \"\"Thirteen\"\" (2003), and the horror film \"\"Wrong Turn\"\" (2003). In 2004, he portrayed bigoted baseball player Shane Mungitt in \"\"Take Me Out\"\", for which he was nominated for a Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award for Featured Performance in a Play. In 2006, Sisto starred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7581040",
"chunk_text": "\"Damon Gupton\"\nthe Behavioral Analysis Unit. He began appearing in the series' twelfth season. On June 11, 2017, it was announced that he would depart the show after one season. Gupton was subsequently cast as Inspector Henderson in the superhero drama series \"\"Black Lightning\"\". Damon Gupton Damon Jamal Gupton (born January 4, 1973) is an American actor and orchestral conductor, best known for his series regular roles as Charles Foster on \"\"Deadline\"\", Evrard Velerio on \"\"Prime Suspect\"\", Adam Page on \"\"The Divide\"\", Detective Cal Brown on \"\"The Player\"\", and SSA Stephen Walker on \"\"Criminal Minds\"\". He has also co-starred in the films",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18296635",
"chunk_text": "\"Steven Hill\"\nday, wearing a tallit katan (four-cornered fringed garment) beneath his clothes, and strictly observing Shabbat. This made Hill unavailable for Friday night or Saturday matinee performances, effectively ending his stage career and closing many film roles to him, most notably \"\"The Sand Pebbles\"\". Steven Hill Steven Hill (born Solomon Krakovsky; February 24, 1922 – August 23, 2016) was an American actor. His two better-known roles are district attorney Adam Schiff on the NBC television drama series \"\"Law & Order\"\", whom he portrayed for 10 seasons (1990–2000), and , the original team leader of the Impossible Missions Force on the CBS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15517846",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nit resulted in him being declared a \"\"Living Landmark\"\" by the New York Landmarks Conservancy, along with fellow longtime series cast member Jerry Orbach (who portrayed the popular police detective Lennie Briscoe for 12 years). Jack McCoy brings 24 years of experience with him as he is appointed Executive Assistant District Attorney by Adam Schiff (Steven Hill) in the season five premiere episode \"\"Second Opinion\"\". He quickly establishes himself as a more unconventional, ruthless litigator than his predecessor, Ben Stone (Michael Moriarty). He often bends—and sometimes breaks—trial rules to get convictions, finds tenuous rationales for charging defendants with crimes when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13257203",
"chunk_text": "\"Kene Holliday\"\nKene Holliday Kenneth Earl \"\"Kene\"\" Holliday (born June 25, 1949) is an American actor of stage, film, and television. He is known for his role as Ben Matlock's original private investigator, Tyler Hudson on \"\"Matlock\"\" and as Sgt. Curtis Baker on \"\"Carter Country\"\" from 1977 until 1979. Holliday, a product of the Copiague area of Long Island, New York was raised in a Christian home, born into a Baptist family. At age 12 he lost his father. With the encouragement of his mother he participated in track at Copiague High School where he was part of the Fantastic Four Relay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18296616",
"chunk_text": "\"Steven Hill\"\nSteven Hill Steven Hill (born Solomon Krakovsky; February 24, 1922 – August 23, 2016) was an American actor. His two better-known roles are district attorney Adam Schiff on the NBC television drama series \"\"Law & Order\"\", whom he portrayed for 10 seasons (1990–2000), and , the original team leader of the Impossible Missions Force on the CBS television series \"\"\"\", whom he portrayed in the initial season of the show (1966–1967). Hill was born Solomon Krakovsky or Solomon Berg in Seattle, Washington, to Russian Jewish immigrants. After graduating from West Seattle High School in 1940, Hill served four years in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4073513",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben Foster\"\nit was announced that the couple were expecting their first child. Prepon gave birth to their daughter Ella in August 2017. Foster and Prepon married in June 2018. Foster practices Transcendental Meditation. Ben Foster Benjamin A. Foster (born October 29, 1980) is an American actor. He has had roles in films including \"\"The Punisher\"\" (2004), \"\"\"\" (2006), \"\"Alpha Dog\"\" (2006), \"\"The Messenger\"\" (2009), \"\"Pandorum\"\" (2009), \"\"The Mechanic\"\" (2011), \"\"Contraband\"\" (2012), \"\"Kill Your Darlings\"\" (2013), \"\"Lone Survivor\"\" (2013), \"\"The Program\"\" (2015), and \"\"Leave No Trace\"\" (2018). He was nominated for a Saturn Award and a Satellite Award for his role in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9431465",
"chunk_text": "\"Rob Stone (actor)\"\na documentary about film directing, which included interviews with Martin Scorsese, Oliver Stone, Quentin Tarantino, Robert Zemeckis, Sydney Pollack, Rob Reiner, Penny Marshall, and Ron Howard. Rob Stone (actor) Rob Stone (born September 22, 1962) is an American actor and director from Dallas, Texas, best known for playing teen Kevin Owens on the 1985–1990 sitcom \"\"Mr. Belvedere\"\". He later became a writer and director of documentary films, and also performed as part of a band. Stone is a native of Dallas and is the son of Dr. Marvin and Jill Stone. His father was chief of oncology at the Sammons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10143828",
"chunk_text": "\"Héctor Elizondo\"\nHéctor Elizondo Héctor Elizondo (born December 22, 1936) is an American actor. Elizondo is best known for his television roles playing Dr. Phillip Watters on \"\"Chicago Hope\"\" and Ed Alzate on \"\"Last Man Standing\"\", and movie roles like Mr. Grey in \"\"The Taking of Pelham One Two Three\"\", Detective Sunday in \"\"American Gigolo\"\", Barnard Thompson in \"\"Pretty Woman\"\", and Jon Flint in \"\"Beverly Hills Cop III\"\". Elizondo's awards and accolades include a Golden Globe Award nomination, an Emmy Award (five nominations), two ALMA Awards (eight nominations), and five Screen Actors Guild Award nominations. Elizondo was born in New York City,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17783569",
"chunk_text": "\"Beau Starr\"\nguest appearances on television series, including \"\"T.J. Hooker\"\", \"\"The A-Team\"\", \"\"Knight Rider\"\", \"\"Hill Street Blues\"\", \"\"V: The Series\"\", \"\"The 4400\"\", \"\"A Nero Wolfe Mystery\"\" and \"\" NYPD Blue. Beau Starr Beau Starr (born September 1, 1944) is an American actor who has starred in movies and on television. He is known for his film role as Sheriff Ben Meeker in the 1988 hit horror movie \"\"\"\"; he reprised his role in the 1989 sequel \"\"\"\". Many also remember him as Lt. Harding Welsh in \"\"Due South\"\". Starr was born in Queens, New York, to a retail employee mother and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15874917",
"chunk_text": "\"Law & Order (franchise)\"\nfollows the cases investigated by Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) and her Manhattan Special Victims Unit colleagues. The show's focus is on detectives who investigate sexually based crimes and crimes against children, the elderly, and women. As of the start of season twenty, these detectives include Kelli Giddish, Ice-T, and Peter Scanavino. Philip Winchester stars as his \"\"Chicago\"\" character Peter Stone. \"\"Criminal Intent\"\" focuses on high-profile cases investigated by the Major Case Squad, with special focus on the actions of the criminals pursued, often including scenes from the victim's or perpetrator's lives not involving the police, thereby giving a hint as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7127140",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Brooks (actor)\"\nRichard Brooks (actor) Richard L. Brooks (born December 9, 1962) is an American actor, singer, and director. He is best known for his one-off role as the eccentric bounty hunter Jubal Early in the space-western \"\"Firefly\"\" and assistant district attorney Paul Robinette in the NBC drama series, \"\"Law & Order\"\" from 1990 to 1993 and reprising his role as a defense attorney on that same show. In 2013, he began starring as Patrick Patterson in the BET drama series, \"\"Being Mary Jane\"\". Born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio, Brooks studied acting, dance, and voice work at Interlochen Academy of Arts",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7581036",
"chunk_text": "\"Damon Gupton\"\nDamon Gupton Damon Jamal Gupton (born January 4, 1973) is an American actor and orchestral conductor, best known for his series regular roles as Charles Foster on \"\"Deadline\"\", Evrard Velerio on \"\"Prime Suspect\"\", Adam Page on \"\"The Divide\"\", Detective Cal Brown on \"\"The Player\"\", and SSA Stephen Walker on \"\"Criminal Minds\"\". He has also co-starred in the films \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" (2010), \"\"Whiplash\"\" (2014), and \"\"La La Land\"\" (2016). Gupton was born in Detroit, Michigan. He attended the University of Michigan, where he directed a musical ensemble, and graduated with a bachelor's degree in Music Education. He received the Emerging",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10242829",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Kiesche\"\nTom Kiesche Tom Kiesche (born October 2, 1967) is an American film, television and stage actor, and novelist. In the AMC series \"\"Breaking Bad\"\", he played the role of Clovis in seasons 2 and 3. Kiesche has had recurring roles in \"\"Monk\"\", \"\"Breaking Bad\"\" and \"\"Lights Out\"\". His television guest appearances include \"\"Law & Order\"\", \"\"Diagnosis Murder\"\", \"\"3rd Rock from the Sun\"\", \"\"Angel\"\", \"\"ER\"\", \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\", \"\"Alias\"\", \"\"JAG\"\", \"\"The Guardian\"\", \"\"Judging Amy\"\", \"\"That '70s Show\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Drew Carey Show\"\", \"\"Las Vegas\"\", \"\"Bones\"\", \"\"Big Love\"\", \"\"Weeds\"\", \"\"NCIS\"\", \"\"Without a Trace\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", \"\"Chuck\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Mentalist\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13731682",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy Stone\"\nRandy Stone Randy Stone (August 26, 1958 – February 12, 2007) was an American actor, producer, casting director, Emmy and Academy Award winner. He was a co-founder of The Trevor Project. Stone began his acting career in 1976 as a child actor on \"\"Charlie's Angels\"\". However, most of his acting roles were as an adult. He appeared in two episodes of \"\"\"\", and did two film roles. His most notable performance, however, was as the hapless gay Los Angeles millionaire Michael Beebe in the second-season episode \"\"Beware of the Dog\"\" on the television series \"\"Millennium\"\". However, Stone's primary career was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12879475",
"chunk_text": "\"Kenny Johnson\"\nKenny Johnson Kenneth Allen \"\"Kenny\"\" Johnson (born July 13, 1963) is an American actor, producer, and model. He is known for his roles as Detective Curtis Lemansky in \"\"The Shield\"\", Butch \"\"Burner\"\" Barnes in \"\"\"\", Detective Ham Dewey in \"\"Saving Grace\"\", Herman Kozik in \"\"Sons of Anarchy\"\", Matt Webb in \"\"Prime Suspect\"\", and Caleb Calhoun in \"\"Bates Motel\"\". Johnson currently portrays Dominic Luca in the CBS drama series \"\"S.W.A.T.\"\". Johnson was born in New Haven, Connecticut and was raised on a 30-acre farm in Weathersfield, Vermont. For his college education, he attended Central Connecticut State University, where he played football",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2041933",
"chunk_text": "\"Adam Schiff (Law & Order)\"\nout. He is also pro-choice. While he is often stern and unforgiving in his professional conduct, he has amicable relationships with his assistants. He is closest to Benjamin Stone (Michael Moriarty), and is saddened to see him resign when a witness he is trying to protect is murdered. His relationship with Stone's successor, Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston), is more problematic, as McCoy is more ruthless and unconventional, and his habitual bending of trial rules occasionally garners Schiff bad publicity. However, the two eventually grow to like and respect each other. He has many friends among New York's elite, including powerful",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4402668",
"chunk_text": "\"Rockmond Dunbar\"\nRockmond Dunbar Rockmond Dunbar (born January 11, 1973 in Berkeley, California) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Baines on the NBC series \"\"Earth 2\"\", Kenny Chadway on Showtime's \"\"Soul Food\"\", and Benjamin Miles \"\"C-Note\"\" Franklin on the FOX crime drama \"\"Prison Break\"\". He also played Sheriff Eli Roosevelt on the FX Drama series \"\"Sons of Anarchy\"\", FBI Agent Dennis Abbott on \"\"The Mentalist\"\", and FBI Agent Abe Gaines in the Hulu series \"\"The Path\"\". Dunbar was born in Berkeley, California. He attended Oakland Technical High School and Morehouse College and graduated before moving on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7573731",
"chunk_text": "\"Kelly Blatz\"\nKelly Blatz Kelly Steven Blatz (born June 16, 1987) is an American actor and musician. He is best known for playing the lead role in \"\"Aaron Stone\"\". Blatz made his acting debut in Simon Says (2006), then appeared in \"\"The 7,\"\" (2006), then in the 2008 remake of \"\"Prom Night\"\" with Brittany Snow and Idris Elba. The same year he went on to play the psychopathic son of a preacher in Phedon Papamichael's intense thriller \"\"From Within\"\" with Thomas Dekker and Jared Harris, which premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival. In 2009, Blatz played the lead in the independent feature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5161835",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Brooks (actor)\"\nBrooks is also currently playing Warden Wolfe in season 4 of \"\"The Flash'. Richard Brooks (actor) Richard L. Brooks (born December 9, 1962) is an American actor, singer, and director. He is best known for his one-off role as the eccentric bounty hunter Jubal Early in the space-western \"\"Firefly\"\" and assistant district attorney Paul Robinette in the NBC drama series, \"\"Law & Order\"\" from 1990 to 1993 and reprising his role as a defense attorney on that same show. In 2013, he began starring as Patrick Patterson in the BET drama series, \"\"Being Mary Jane\"\". Born and raised in Cleveland,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "241804",
"chunk_text": "\"Christopher Stone (actor)\"\nChristopher Stone (actor) Christopher Stone (born Thomas Edward Bourassa; October 4, 1942 – October 20, 1995) was an American actor. Stone was born Thomas Edward Bourassa in Manchester, New Hampshire. He appeared in films and on television from the early 1970s until his death in 1995. Stone and his wife, Dee Wallace, both appeared together in a number of films including the classic horror films \"\"The Howling\"\" (1981) and \"\"Cujo\"\" (1983). They shared top billing in the family series \"\"The New Lassie\"\" (1989), in which he sometimes served as director. In the 1970-71 season, Stone co-starred with Broderick Crawford, Mike",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_432
|
where do the phaeacians live in the odyssey?
|
n/a
|
[
"Scheria"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9280567",
"chunk_text": "Scheria\nScheria Scheria (; or )—also known as Scherie or Phaeacia—was a region in Greek mythology, first mentioned in Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\" as the home of the Phaeacians and the last destination of Odysseus in his 10-year journey before returning home to Ithaca. Before leaving Ogygia, Odysseus builds a raft and sails eastwards, instructed by Calypso to navigate using the stars as a celestial reference point. On the eighteenth day appear the shadowy mountains of the land of the Phaeacians, that looked like a \"\"shield\"\" in the misty deep. But Poseidon spots his raft and seeking vengeance for his son Polyphemus who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "989584",
"chunk_text": "Scheria\ncriticized Polybius on the geography of the \"\"Odyssey\"\". Strabo proposed that Scheria and Ogygia were located in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Scheria Scheria (; or )—also known as Scherie or Phaeacia—was a region in Greek mythology, first mentioned in Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\" as the home of the Phaeacians and the last destination of Odysseus in his 10-year journey before returning home to Ithaca. Before leaving Ogygia, Odysseus builds a raft and sails eastwards, instructed by Calypso to navigate using the stars as a celestial reference point. On the eighteenth day appear the shadowy mountains of the land of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1263624",
"chunk_text": "Taphians\nTaphians In Homeric Greece, the islands of Taphos (Τάφος) lay in the Ionian Sea off the coast of Acarnania in northwestern Greece, home of seagoing and piratical inhabitants, the Taphians (Τάφιοι). Penelope mentions the Taphian sea-robbers when she rebukes the chief of her suitors, and it is disguised as Mentes, \"\"lord of the Taphian men who love their oars,\"\" that Athena accepts the hospitality of Telemachus and speeds him on his journey from Ithaca to Pylos. The Taphians dealt in slaves. By the time of Euripides, the islands were identified with the Echinades: in Euripedes' \"\"Iphigeneia at Aulis\"\" (405 BCE),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19665634",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the Odyssey\"\nGeography of the Odyssey Events in the main sequence of the \"\"Odyssey\"\" (excluding the narrative of Odysseus's adventures) take place in the Peloponnese and in what are now called the Ionian Islands (Ithaca and its neighbours). Incidental mentions of Troy and its house, Phoenicia, Egypt, and Crete hint at geographical knowledge equal to, or perhaps slightly more extensive than that of the \"\"Iliad\"\". However, scholars both ancient and modern are divided as to whether or not any of the places visited by Odysseus (after Ismaros and before his return to Ithaca) were real. The geographer Strabo and many others came",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9313862",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nabsent father's house on the island of Ithaca with his mother Penelope and a crowd of 108 boisterous young men, \"\"the Suitors\"\", whose aim is to persuade Penelope to marry one of them, all the while reveling in Odysseus' palace and eating up his wealth. Odysseus' protectress, the goddess Athena, requests to Zeus, king of the gods, to finally allow Odysseus to return home when Odysseus' enemy, the god of the sea Poseidon, is absent from Mount Olympus to accept a sacrifice in Ethiopia. Then, disguised as a Taphian chieftain named Mentes, she visits Telemachus to urge him to search",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6697351",
"chunk_text": "Phemius\nPhemius In Homer's epic poem the Odyssey, Phemius (; Ancient Greek: Φήμιος \"\"Phēmios\"\") is an Ithacan poet who performs narrative songs in the house of the absent Odysseus. His audience is made up largely of the suitors (Proci), who live in the house while attempting to persuade Penelope to marry one of them. In Book 1 of the poem, Phemius performs at their request a version of the theme \"\"The Return from Troy\"\" (a theme that actually existed as a written poem, probably at a slightly later date). The performance is heard by Penelope. The story distresses her, since it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6365480",
"chunk_text": "Phocaea\nPhocaea Phocaea, or Phokaia (Ancient Greek: Φώκαια, \"\"Phókaia\"\"; modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. Greek colonists from Phocaea founded the colony of Massalia (modern day Marseille, in France) in 600 BC, Emporion (modern day Empúries, in Catalonia, Spain) in 575 BC and Elea (modern day Velia, in Campania, Italy) in 540 BC. Phocaea was the northernmost of the Ionian cities, on the boundary with Aeolis. It was located near the mouth of the river Hermus (now Gediz), and situated on the coast of the peninsula separating the Gulf of Cyme",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1785198",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nto provide Odysseus with more treasure than he would have received from the spoils of Troy. They deliver him at night, while he is fast asleep, to a hidden harbour on Ithaca. Poseidon, offended that the Phaeacians have returned Odysseus home, destroys the Phaeacian ship on its return voyage, and the city sacrifices to Poseidon and agrees to stop giving escorts to strangers to appease him. Odysseus awakens and believes that he has been dropped on a distant land before Athena appears to him and reveals that he is indeed on Ithaca. She then hides his treasure in a nearby",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9160465",
"chunk_text": "Phrygians\nPhrygians The Phrygians (Greek: Φρύγες, \"\"Phruges\"\" or \"\"Phryges\"\") were an ancient Indo-European people, initially dwelling in the southern Balkans – according to Herodotus – under the name of Bryges (Briges), changing it to Phryges after their final migration to Anatolia, via the Hellespont. From tribal and village beginnings, the state of Phrygia arose in the eighth century BC with its capital at Gordium. During this period, the Phrygians extended eastward and encroached upon the kingdom of Urartu, the descendants of the Hurrians, a former rival of the Hittites. Meanwhile, the Phrygian Kingdom was overwhelmed by Cimmerian invaders around 690 BC,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20708379",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the Odyssey\"\nfled from Troy after being accused of murdering Aias. He first went north to the Black Sea for a while; he sacked the Ciconian town of Ismarus in Thrace on his way back. After visiting the lotus-eaters he went to Sicily, where he encountered three (or four) brothers, Antiphates, Cyclops, and Polyphemus (and possibly Laestrygon, according to Septimius), who each ruled a portion of the island. Odysseus and his men were mistreated by each of these kings in turn. Notably, they were imprisoned by Polyphemus when one of Odysseus' men fell in love with Polyphemus' daughter (Arene or Elpe) and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10469896",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nOdysseus, which may or may not be the same island that is now called Ithakē (Ιθάκη). The wanderings of Odysseus as told to the Phaeacians, and the location of the Phaeacians' own island of Scheria, pose more fundamental problems, if geography is to be applied: scholars, both ancient and modern, are divided as to whether or not any of the places visited by Odysseus (after Ismaros and before his return to Ithaca) are real. Scholars have seen strong influences from Near Eastern mythology and literature in the \"\"Odyssey\"\". Martin West has noted substantial parallels between the \"\"Epic of Gilgamesh\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13289656",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nOdysseus asks Demodocus to return to the Trojan War theme and tell of the Trojan Horse, a stratagem in which Odysseus had played a leading role. Unable to hide his emotion as he relives this episode, Odysseus at last reveals his identity. He then begins to tell the story of his return from Troy. Odysseus goes back in time and recounts his story to the Phaeacians. After a failed piratical raid on Ismaros in the land of the Cicones, Odysseus and his twelve ships were driven off course by storms. Odysseus visited the lethargic Lotus-Eaters who gave his men their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20944242",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the Odyssey\"\npart of Cephalonia. Lately, Robert Bittlestone, in his book \"\"Odysseus Unbound\"\", has identified the Paliki peninsula on Cephalonia with Homeric Ithaca. The geography of the \"\"Apologoi\"\" (the tale that Odysseus told to the Phaeacians, forming books 9-12 of the \"\"Odyssey\"\"), and the location of the Phaeacians' own island of Scheria, pose quite different problems from those encountered in identifying Troy, Mycenae, Pylos and Ithaca. For these reasons, the opinions of later students and scholars about the geography of Odysseus's travels vary enormously. It has repeatedly been argued that each successive landfall, and the routes joining them, are real and can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17043446",
"chunk_text": "\"Philoetius (Odyssey)\"\nPhiloetius (Odyssey) Philoetius (; \"\"Philoitios\"\") is a character in Greek mythology who plays a significant role in Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\", aiding Odysseus, Telemachus, and Eumaeus in their slaughter of the Suitors of Penelope. In Homer's \"\"The Odyssey\"\", Philoetius is Odysseus's primary cowherd. He remains loyal to Odysseus for the entire duration of Odysseus's absence from his kingdom. When Odysseus finally returns to Ithaca after being away for twenty years, Philoetius is one of the few slaves who has not betrayed him. Just before the climactic final scene of \"\"The Odyssey\"\", Odysseus commands Philoetius and Eumaeus to lock the doors of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530757",
"chunk_text": "Abantes\nAbantes The Abantes or Abantians (, \"\"Ábantes\"\") were an ancient Greek tribe and specifically an Ionian one. Their home was Euboea. Aristotle states that the Abantes were Thracians from Abae in Phokis (Phocis). The Abantes were definitely Ionians themselves and many ended up assimilated into the other Ionian populations. In the Iliad, Homer mentions the Abantes among the allies of the Greeks in the Trojan War. Their leader was Elephenor the son of Chalkodon. The Trojan warrior Agenor killed Elephenor. Pausanias writes that they contributed to a colony from Thronium in Thesprotis. The local area became known as Abantis. Eventually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12100739",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nyears. Released by the intercession of his patroness Athena, through the aid of Hermes, he departs, but his raft is destroyed by his divine enemy Poseidon, who is angry because Odysseus blinded his son, Polyphemus. When Odysseus washes up on Scherie, home to the Phaeacians, he is assisted by the young Nausicaä and is treated hospitably. In return, he satisfies the Phaeacians' curiosity, telling them, and the reader, of all his adventures since departing from Troy. The shipbuilding Phaeacians then loan him a ship to return to Ithaca, where he is aided by the swineherd Eumaeus, meets Telemachus, regains his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13992703",
"chunk_text": "\"Demodocus (Odyssey character)\"\nDemodocus (Odyssey character) In the \"\"Odyssey\"\" by Homer, Demodocus (; , \"\"Demodokos\"\") is a poet who often visits the court of Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians on the island of Scherie. During Odysseus' stay on Scherie, Demodocus performs three narrative songs. Demodocus first appears at a feast in the hall of Alcinous, after he approved that Odysseus should be provided with a ship for a safe passage home. During the feast Demodocus sings about the disagreement between Odysseus and Achilles at Troy. Everyone enjoys the singing except for Odysseus who bursts into tears because of the pain and suffering of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18524068",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the Odyssey\"\nof Dictys of Crete, which many later writers treated as an authentic historical record of the war. The prototypes for this tradition are in the 5th century BC. Herodotus identifies the land of the lotus-eaters as a headland in the territory of the Gindanes tribe in Libya, and Thucydides reports the standard identifications mentioned above. Herodotus and Thucydides do not actively euhemerise, but simply take local myths at face value for the political importance they had at the time. Euhemerist accounts become more prominent in Alexandrian scholarship of the Hellenistic period. Callimachus identifies Scheria as Corcyra, and also identifies Calypso's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19686132",
"chunk_text": "Pharcadon\nPharcadon Pharcadon or Pharkadon ( or Φαρκηδών) was a city and polis (city-state) of Histiaeotis in ancient Thessaly, situated to the left of the Peneius, between Pelinnaeum and Atrax. In 200 BCE, during the Second Macedonian War, Athamanian troops commanded by Amynander of Athamania and troops of the Aetolian League, allies of the Romans, established their camps around the city of Pharcadon while they plundered the Thessalian plain. They were attacked by troops of Philip V of Macedon, who put them to flight. The site of Pharcadon is on a hill near the village of Klokoto in the municipality of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6365481",
"chunk_text": "Phocaea\nto the north, named for the largest of the Aeolian cities, and the Gulf of Smyrna (now İzmir) to the south. Phocaea had two natural harbours within close range of the settlement, both containing a number of small islands. Phocaea's harbours allowed it to develop a thriving seafaring economy, and to become a great naval power, which greatly influenced its culture. Recent archaeological surveys have shown that the city of Phocaea was large for the archaic period. Herodotus gives an idea of the size of Phocaea by describing the walls of Phocaea as having a length of several stadia. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19948935",
"chunk_text": "\"Achaea Phthiotis\"\nAchaea Phthiotis Achaea Phthiotis (, \"\"Achaea of Phthia\"\") or simply Phthiotis (Φθιῶτις) was a historical region of ancient Thessaly in ancient Greece. It lay in southeastern Thessaly, between Mount Othrys and the northern shore of the Pagasetic Gulf. Inhabited by \"\"perioikoi\"\", it was originally formally not a part of Thessaly proper but a Thessalian dependency, and had a seat of its own in the Delphic Amphictyony. From 363 BC it came under Boeotian control, but split away during the Lamian War. In the 3rd century BC it became a member of the Aetolian League, until declared free and autonomous by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4915887",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nby a slightly later poet. Several passages in earlier books seem to be setting up the events of Book 24, so if it were indeed a later addition, the offending editor would seem to have changed earlier text as well. For more about varying views on the origin, authorship and unity of the poem see Homeric scholarship. The events in the main sequence of the \"\"Odyssey\"\" (excluding Odysseus' embedded narrative of his wanderings) take place in the Peloponnese and in what are now called the Ionian Islands. There are difficulties in the apparently simple identification of Ithaca, the homeland of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19979584",
"chunk_text": "Psophis\nPsophis Psophis (Ancient Greek: , \"\"Eth.\"\" ) was an ancient Greek city in the northwest end of Arcadia, bounded on the north by Arcadia, and on the west by Elis. It was located near the modern village Psofida, part of the municipality Kalavryta. Psophis was said to have been originally called Erymanthus, and its territory to have been ravaged by the Erymanthian Boar. It afterwards received the name of Phegia or Phegeia ( or ), apparently from the oaks (Gr. \"\"phegoi\"\", ) which at least up until the 19th century could still be found upon the site of the town.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13738827",
"chunk_text": "Phthiotis\nPhthiotis Phthiotis (, \"\"Fthiótida\"\", ; ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Φθιῶτις) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. The capital is the city of Lamia. It is bordered by the Malian Gulf to the east, Boeotia in the south, Phocis in the south, Aetolia-Acarnania in the southwest, Evrytania in the west, Karditsa regional unit in the north, Larissa regional unit in the north, and Magnesia in the northeast. The name dates back to ancient times. It is best known as the home of Achilles. Phthiotis covers the northern and southern",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5079380",
"chunk_text": "Cyclops\nStrabo describes another group of seven Lycian cyclopes, also known as \"\"Bellyhands\"\" because they earned from their handicraft. They had built the walls of Tiryns and perhaps the caverns and the labyrinths near Nauplia, which are called cyclopean. It is often assumed that Polyphemus lives, along with the other cyclopes, on an island. That is a possibility but all that is known from Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\" is that Polyphemus resided in a \"\"land\"\" somewhere farther on from the Lotus-Eaters, in a place that is not close or distant from an uninhabited, wooded and unexploited island, where Odysseus arrives. The map location",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1785199",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\ncave and disguises him as an elderly beggar so he can see how things stand in his household. He finds his way to the hut of one of his own slaves, the swineherd Eumaeus, who treats him hospitably and speaks favorably of Odysseus. After dinner, the disguised Odysseus tells the farm laborers a fictitious tale of himself: he was born in Crete, had led a party of Cretans to fight alongside other Greeks in the Trojan War, and had then spent seven years at the court of the king of Egypt, finally shipwrecking in Thesprotia and crossing from there to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13067246",
"chunk_text": "Laestrygonians\nLaestrygonians The Laestrygonians or Laestrygones () are a tribe of man-eating giants from ancient Greek mythology. According to Thucydides (6.2.1.) and Polybius (1.2.9) the Laestrygones inhabited southeast Sicily. The name is akin to that of the Lestriconi, a branch of the Corsi people of the northeast coast of Sardinia (now Gallura). Odysseus, the main character of Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\", visited them during his journey back home to Ithaca. The giants ate many of Odysseus's men and destroyed eleven of his twelve ships by launching rocks from high cliffs. Odysseus's ship was not destroyed because it was hidden in a cove near",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13067251",
"chunk_text": "Laestrygonians\nLaestrygonians The Laestrygonians or Laestrygones () are a tribe of man-eating giants from ancient Greek mythology. According to Thucydides (6.2.1.) and Polybius (1.2.9) the Laestrygones inhabited southeast Sicily. The name is akin to that of the Lestriconi, a branch of the Corsi people of the northeast coast of Sardinia (now Gallura). Odysseus, the main character of Homer's \"\"Odyssey\"\", visited them during his journey back home to Ithaca. The giants ate many of Odysseus's men and destroyed eleven of his twelve ships by launching rocks from high cliffs. Odysseus's ship was not destroyed because it was hidden in a cove near",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13738828",
"chunk_text": "Phthiotis\nshorelines of the Malian Gulf, an inlet of the Aegean Sea. It stretches inland towards the west along the valley of the river Spercheios. In the south it covers the upper part of the Cephissus valley. There are several mountain ranges in Phthiotis, including the Othrys in the northeast, the Tymfristos in the west, the Vardousia in the southwest, Oeta in the south and the Kallidromo in the southeast. \"\"Phthiotis\"\" means \"\"the region of Phthia\"\", the southernmost region of ancient Thessaly around Pharsalus and home of Achilles. In Classical times, it also referred to the region of Achaea Phthiotis, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9313896",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nfact he cannot return home. These beings that are close to the gods include the Phaeacians who lived near Cyclopes, whose king, Alcinous, is the great-grandson of the king of the giants, Eurymedon, and the grandson of Poseidon. Some of the other characters that Odysseus encounters are Polyphemus who is the cyclops son of Poseidon, God of Oceans, Circe who is the sorceress daughter of the Sun that turns men into animals, Calypso who is a goddess, and the Laestrygonians who are cannibalistic giants. Throughout the course of the epic, Odysseus encounters several examples of \"\"xenia\"\" (\"\"guest-friendship\"\"), which provide models",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530758",
"chunk_text": "Abantes\nit was conquered by Apollonia with the help of Corinth. Another colony was sent to Chios, but eventually it was defeated and the survivors forced to flee. Abantes The Abantes or Abantians (, \"\"Ábantes\"\") were an ancient Greek tribe and specifically an Ionian one. Their home was Euboea. Aristotle states that the Abantes were Thracians from Abae in Phokis (Phocis). The Abantes were definitely Ionians themselves and many ended up assimilated into the other Ionian populations. In the Iliad, Homer mentions the Abantes among the allies of the Greeks in the Trojan War. Their leader was Elephenor the son of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9844444",
"chunk_text": "Phyle\nPhyle Phyle (, \"\"clan, race, people\"\"; pl. phylai, φυλαί; derived from ancient Greek φύεσθαι \"\"to descend, to originate\"\") is an ancient Greek term for clan or tribe. They were usually ruled by a \"\"basileus\"\". Some of them can be classified by their geographic location: the Geleontes, the Argadeis, the Hopletes, and the Agikoreis, in Ionia ; the Hylleans, the Pamphyles, the Dymanes, in the Dorian region. The best-attested new system was that created by Cleisthenes for Attica in or just after 508 BC. The landscape was regarded as comprising three zones: urban(\"\"asty\"\"), coastal (\"\"paralia\"\") and inland (\"\"mesogeia\"\"). Each zone was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20492058",
"chunk_text": "Phthia\nPhthia In Greek mythology Phthia (; or Φθίη \"\"Phthía, Phthíē\"\") was a city in ancient Thessaly which was later incorporated into Achaea Phthiotis. Phthia is the home of the Myrmidones, the contingent led by Achilles in the Trojan War. It was founded by Aiakos, grandfather of Achilles, it was the home of his father Peleus, his sea-nymph mother Thetis, and his son Neoptolemus, who reigned as king after the Trojan War. Phthia is referenced in Plato's \"\"Crito\"\", where Socrates, in jail and awaiting his execution, relates a dream he has had (\"\"43d–44b\"\"): \"\"I thought that a beautiful and comely woman",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17198039",
"chunk_text": "Phrixa\nPhrixa Phrixa () or Phrixae or Phrixai (Φρίξαι) was a town of Triphylia in ancient Elis, situated upon the left bank of the Alpheius, at the distance of 30 stadia from Olympia. It is one of the six cities (along with Lepreum, Macistus, Pyrgus, Epium, and Nudium) founded by the Minyans in the territory of the Paroreatae and Caucones. Its name was derived from Phaestus. Phrixa is rarely mentioned in history; but it shared the fate of the other Triphylian cities. It is cited by Xenophon in the war between Elis and Sparta and its allies led by Agis II",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6851198",
"chunk_text": "\"Phlegra (mythology)\"\nhas made the setting of the story of the Giants\"\": According to the Greek geographer, the Giants who survived, were driven out by Heracles, finding refuge with their mother in Leuca (Apulia), in Italy's 'heel'. A fountain there had smelly water the locals claimed to be from the ichor of the giants. Strabo also mentions an account of Heracles battling Giants at Phanagoria, a Greek colony on the shores of the Black Sea. Phlegra (mythology) Phlegra () is both a real and a mythical location in both Greek and Roman mythology. Phlegra is a peninsula of Macedonia (more specifically in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5724167",
"chunk_text": "Greeks\nbeen the Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily. In Plato's \"\"Phaidon\"\", Socrates remarks, \"\"we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond\"\" when describing to his friends the Greek cities of the Aegean. This image is attested by the map of the Old Greek Diaspora, which corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 1832. The sea and trade were natural outlets for Greeks since the Greek peninsula is rocky and does not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19948938",
"chunk_text": "\"Achaea Phthiotis\"\nof Magnesia Prefecture. Achaea Phthiotis Achaea Phthiotis (, \"\"Achaea of Phthia\"\") or simply Phthiotis (Φθιῶτις) was a historical region of ancient Thessaly in ancient Greece. It lay in southeastern Thessaly, between Mount Othrys and the northern shore of the Pagasetic Gulf. Inhabited by \"\"perioikoi\"\", it was originally formally not a part of Thessaly proper but a Thessalian dependency, and had a seat of its own in the Delphic Amphictyony. From 363 BC it came under Boeotian control, but split away during the Lamian War. In the 3rd century BC it became a member of the Aetolian League, until declared free",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12100721",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nthat Odysseus has escaped, he wrecks the raft but, helped by a veil given by the sea nymph Ino, Odysseus swims ashore on Scherie, the island of the Phaeacians. Naked and exhausted, he hides in a pile of leaves and falls asleep. The next morning, awakened by the laughter of girls, he sees the young Nausicaä, who has gone to the seashore with her maids to wash clothes after Athena told her in a dream to do so. He appeals to her for help. She encourages him to seek the hospitality of her parents, Arete and Alcinous (or Alkinous). Odysseus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12574270",
"chunk_text": "Phasians\nPhasians The Phasians ( \"\"Pazielebi\"\"; \"\"Phasianoi\"\"; ) were a subdivision of the Colchian tribes located in the eastern part of Pontus. The Greek commander Xenophon, who encountered them during his march through Asia Minor to the Black Sea (401–400 BC), places them on the river Phasis. Here, the Phasis of Xenophon is not the common Graeco-Roman designation for the modern day Rioni River in Georgia, but rather the sources of Araxes in what is now northeastern Turkey. At the time when Xenophon met them, the Phasians were in control of the long valley to the north of Cilligül Dağ, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15278972",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nIthaca. He further promises the men of the return of Odysseus, but his promises are wearily discounted by the men. Meanwhile, Telemachus sails home from Sparta, evading an ambush set by the Suitors. He disembarks on the coast of Ithaca and makes for Eumaeus's hut. Father and son meet; Odysseus identifies himself to Telemachus (but still not to Eumaeus), and they decide that the Suitors must be killed. Telemachus goes home first. Accompanied by Eumaeus, Odysseus returns to his own house, still pretending to be a beggar. When Odysseus' dog (who was a puppy before he left) saw him, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4915858",
"chunk_text": "Odyssey\nfor news of his father. He offers her hospitality; they observe the suitors dining rowdily while the bard Phemius performs a narrative poem for them. Penelope objects to Phemius' theme, the \"\"Return from Troy\"\", because it reminds her of her missing husband, but Telemachus rebuts her objections, asserting his role as head of the household. That night Athena, disguised as Telemachus, finds a ship and crew for the true prince. The next morning, Telemachus calls an assembly of citizens of Ithaca to discuss what should be done with the suitors. Telemachus is scoffed by the insolent suitors, particularly by their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19287215",
"chunk_text": "Acarnania\nbeen unknown in the earliest times. Homer (8th century BC) only calls the country opposite Ithaca and Cephalonia, under the general name of \"\"Epeirus\"\" (῎ηπειρος), or the mainland, although he frequently mentions the Aetolians. The country is said to have been originally inhabited by the Taphii (or Teleboae), the Leleges, and the Curetes. The Taphii, or Teleboae were chiefly found in the islands off the western coast of Acarnania, where they maintained themselves by piracy. The Leleges were more widely disseminated, and were also in possession at one period of Aetolia, Locris, and other parts of Greece. The Curetes are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5116459",
"chunk_text": "Ithaca\nof the plot of the classical Greek poem and allegory: \"\"Odyssey\"\" of Homer. The island was named by Pterelaus, the son of Taphius, and king of the Taphians. The Taphians, were mariners, pirates and slave-traders from Taphos, an island off the coast of Arcanania in north-western Greece. Pterelaus' sons Ithakus, Neritus (from whom Mount Neriton was named), and Polyctor colonised the island of Ithaki around 1,320 BC, which took the name of his oldest son. Although the name Ithaki has remained unchanged since ancient times, written documents of different periods also refer to the island by other names, such as:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20745986",
"chunk_text": "Pharcadon\nFarkadona, which was renamed to reflect its association with Pharcadon. Pharcadon Pharcadon or Pharkadon ( or Φαρκηδών) was a city and polis (city-state) of Histiaeotis in ancient Thessaly, situated to the left of the Peneius, between Pelinnaeum and Atrax. In 200 BCE, during the Second Macedonian War, Athamanian troops commanded by Amynander of Athamania and troops of the Aetolian League, allies of the Romans, established their camps around the city of Pharcadon while they plundered the Thessalian plain. They were attacked by troops of Philip V of Macedon, who put them to flight. The site of Pharcadon is on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11538814",
"chunk_text": "Palaiokastritsa\nPalaiokastritsa Palaiokastritsa ( meaning \"\"Old Castle place\"\", referring to nearby Angelokastro) is a village in northwestern Corfu. Corfu has been suggested to be the mythical island of the Phaeacians, and the bay of Palaiokastritsa to be the place where Odysseus disembarked and met Nausicaa for the first time, see Geography of the Odyssey. The monastery in Palaiokastritsa dates from 1225. There is a museum inside. Palaiokastrites was a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Its including area was defined around the original village of Palaiokastritsa. Since the 2011 local government reform Palaiokastrites is part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17308065",
"chunk_text": "\"Names of the Greeks\"\ncentral Greece and that the name was probably Pre-Dorian. A Greek legend is referring to an older deluge of Ogyges in Boeotia, in the region occupied by the Minyans which are considered autochthonous or Proto-Greek speaking people. The region outside of Attica including Boeotia was called Graïke and the word \"\"Ogyges\"\" related with ocean came to mean \"\"from earliest days.\"\" Homer is referring to \"\"Hellenes\"\" as a relative small tribe in Phthia in central Greece (\"\"Achaea Pthiotis\"\"). In the Parian Chronicle is mentioned that Phthia was the homeland of Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5530665",
"chunk_text": "Pherae\nPherae Pherae (Greek: Φεραί) was a city and polis (city-state) in southeastern Ancient Thessaly. One of the oldest Thessalian cities it was located in the southeast corner of Pelasgiotis. According to Strabo, it was near Lake Boebeïs 90 stadia from Pagasae, its harbor on the Gulf of Pagasae (Geography 9.5). The site is in the modern community of Velestino. In Homer Pherae was the home of King Admetus and his wife, Alcestis, (whom Heracles went into Hades to rescue), as well as their son Eumelus (who was one of the suitors of Helen and led the Achaean forces of Pherae",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5648345",
"chunk_text": "Amphigeneia\nAmphigeneia Amphigeneia () was a city in ancient Greece, which is mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the \"\"Iliad\"\". It was located in either Messenia or in Triphylia, in ancient Elis. According to Strabo it was situated at the river Hypsoeis, in a region called Macistia, and there was a sanctuary of Leto in the city. According to Homer, it belonged to Nestor of Pylos. Pausanias visited the area but does not mention the city, which might indicate that it had been abandoned before the 2nd century. The ancient Eleians believed that Apollo was born here. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6365484",
"chunk_text": "Phocaea\nSpain. Herodotus relates that they so impressed Arganthonios, king of Tartessus in Spain, that he invited them to settle there, and, when they declined, gave them a great sum of money to build a wall around their city. Their sea travel was extensive. To the south they probably conducted trade with the Greek colony of Naucratis in Egypt, which was the colony of their fellow Ionian city Miletus. To the north, they probably helped settle Amisos (Samsun) on the Black Sea, and Lampsacus at the north end of the Hellespont (now the Dardanelles). However Phocaea's major colonies were to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3368684",
"chunk_text": "Scheria\nto Odysseus what sort of information the Phaeacian ships require in order to take him home to Ithaca. Homer describes the Phaeacian ships as fast as a falcon and gives a vivid description of the ship's departure. Many ancient and modern interpreters favour identification of Scheria with the island of Corfu, which is within 110 km (68 miles) of Ithaca. Thucydides, in his \"\"Peloponnesian War\"\", identifies Scheria as Corfu or, with its ancient name, Corcyra. In I.25.4, he records the Corinthians' resentment of the Corcyraeans, who \"\"could not repress a pride in the high naval position of an island whose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_433
|
who invented the glasses that give sight to the blind?
|
n/a
|
[
"2006",
"Conrad Lewis"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5503770",
"chunk_text": "Bifocals\nBifocals Bifocals are eyeglasses with two distinct optical powers. Bifocals are commonly prescribed to people with presbyopia who also require a correction for myopia, hyperopia, and/or astigmatism. Benjamin Franklin is generally credited with the invention of bifocals . Historians have produced some evidence to suggest that others may have come before him in the invention; however, a correspondence between George Whatley and John Fenno, editor of The Gazette of the United States, suggested that Franklin had indeed invented bifocals, and perhaps 50 years earlier than had been originally thought. However the College of Optometrists concluded: Since many inventions are developed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071639",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nthe Middle East, with one shipment as large as 24,000 glasses. The American scientist Benjamin Franklin, who suffered from both myopia and presbyopia, invented bifocals. Serious historians have from time to time produced evidence to suggest that others may have preceded him in the invention; however, a correspondence between George Whatley and John Fenno, editor of \"\"The Gazette of the United States\"\", suggested that Franklin had indeed invented bifocals, and perhaps 50 years earlier than had been originally thought. The first lenses for correcting astigmatism were designed by the British astronomer George Airy in 1825. Over time, the construction of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6620481",
"chunk_text": "\"Louis Braille\"\nLouis Braille Louis Braille (; ; 4 January 1809 – 6 January 1852) was a French educator and inventor of a system of reading and writing for use by the blind or visually impaired. His system remains virtually unchanged to this day, and is known worldwide simply as braille. Blinded in both eyes as a result of an early childhood accident, Braille mastered his disability while still a boy. He excelled in his education and received scholarship to France's Royal Institute for Blind Youth. While still a student there, he began developing a system of tactile code that could allow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5503775",
"chunk_text": "Bifocals\ntwo distinct focal planes that are substantially separated (in the manner of bifocals) to switch their vision from up-close to distance, for easy and efficient capture of their prey, mostly mosquito larvae. This is the first ever recorded use of bifocal technology in the animal world. Bifocals Bifocals are eyeglasses with two distinct optical powers. Bifocals are commonly prescribed to people with presbyopia who also require a correction for myopia, hyperopia, and/or astigmatism. Benjamin Franklin is generally credited with the invention of bifocals . Historians have produced some evidence to suggest that others may have come before him in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6620499",
"chunk_text": "\"Louis Braille\"\nthe story of Louis Braille, written by Sébastien Lancrenon and translated into English by Ranjit Bolt, debuted in the Charing Cross Theatre in April 2017. Louis Braille Louis Braille (; ; 4 January 1809 – 6 January 1852) was a French educator and inventor of a system of reading and writing for use by the blind or visually impaired. His system remains virtually unchanged to this day, and is known worldwide simply as braille. Blinded in both eyes as a result of an early childhood accident, Braille mastered his disability while still a boy. He excelled in his education and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1254241",
"chunk_text": "Optometry\nto close-up vision. The scientists Claudius Ptolemy and Johannes Kepler also contributed to the creation of optometry. Kepler discovered how the retina in the eye creates vision. From 1773 until around 1829, Thomas Young discovered the disability of astigmatism and it was George Biddell Airy who designed glasses to correct that problem that included spherocylindrical lens. Although the term optometry appeared in the 1759 book \"\"A Treatise on the Eye: The Manner and Phenomena of Vision\"\" by Scottish physician William Porterfield, it was not until the early twentieth century in the United States and Australia that it began to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17453525",
"chunk_text": "Optician\nmore important and dignified. Far-sighted or aging colonial Americans imported spectacles from Europe. Spectacles were primarily for the affluent and literate colonists, who required a valuable and precious appliance. Benjamin Franklin in the 1780s developed the bifocal. Bifocal lenses advanced little in the first half of the 19th century. The terms bifocal and trifocal were introduced in London by John Isaac Hawkins, whose trifocals were patented in 1827. In 1884 B. M. Hanna was granted patents on two forms of bifocals which become commercially standardized as the \"\"cemented\"\" and \"\"perfection\"\" bifocals. Both had the serious faults of ugly appearance, fragility,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071636",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nthat Johannes Kepler published the first correct explanation as to why convex and concave lenses could correct presbyopia and myopia. Early frames for glasses consisted of two magnifying glasses riveted together by the handles so that they could grip the nose. These are referred to as \"\"rivet spectacles\"\". The earliest surviving examples were found under the floorboards at Kloster Wienhausen, a convent near Celle in Germany; they have been dated to \"\"circa\"\" 1400. Claims that Salvino degli Armati of Florence invented eyeglasses have been exposed as hoaxes. Marco Polo is sometimes claimed to have encountered eyeglasses during his travels in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18797645",
"chunk_text": "\"Contact lens\"\nin direct contact with the cornea. The protruding end was to be composed of clear glass, shaped to correct vision; however, the idea was impracticable since it made blinking impossible. In 1801, Thomas Young made a pair of basic contact lenses based on Descartes' model. He used wax to affix water-filled lenses to his eyes, which neutralized its refractive power. He then corrected for it with another pair of lenses. However, like da Vinci's, Young's device was not intended to correct refraction errors. Sir John Herschel, in a footnote of the 1845 edition of the \"\"Encyclopedia Metropolitana\"\", posed two ideas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071633",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nknown to have written on the magnifying properties of lenses. The development of the first eyeglasses took place in Northern Italy in the second half of the 13th century. Independently of the development of optical lenses, some cultures developed \"\"sunglasses\"\" for eye protection, without any corrective properties. Thus, flat panes of smoky quartz, were used in 12th-century China. Similarly, the Inuit have used snow goggles for eye protection. The first eyeglasses were made in Northern Italy, most likely in Pisa, by about 1290: In a sermon delivered on 23 February 1306, the Dominican friar Giordano da Pisa (ca. 1255–1311) wrote",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3853922",
"chunk_text": "\"History of optics\"\na glass sphere in half. As the stones were experimented with, it was slowly understood that shallower lenses magnified more effectively. Around 1286, possibly in Pisa, Italy, the first pair of eyeglasses were made, although it is unclear who the inventor was. The earliest known working telescopes were the refracting telescopes that appeared in the Netherlands in 1608. Their inventor is unknown: Hans Lippershey applied for the first patent that year followed by a patent application by Jacob Metius of Alkmaar two weeks later (neither was granted since examples of the device seemed to be numerous at the time). Galileo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071631",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nmyopic prescriptions, with perfectly round frames being the most efficient. Before the advent of eyeglasses as a fashion item, when frames were constructed with only functionality in mind, virtually all eyeglasses were either round, oval, or curved octagons. It was not until glasses began to be seen as an accessory that different shapes were introduced to be more aesthetically pleasing than functional. Scattered evidence exists for use of vision aid devices in Greek and Roman times, most prominently the use of an emerald by emperor Nero as mentioned by Pliny the Elder. The use of a convex lens to form",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18797644",
"chunk_text": "\"Contact lens\"\n$13.5 billion. Leonardo da Vinci is frequently credited with introducing the idea of contact lenses in his 1508 \"\"Codex of the eye, Manual D\"\", wherein he described a method of directly altering corneal power by either submerging the head in a bowl of water or wearing a water-filled glass hemisphere over the eye. Neither idea was practically implementable in da Vinci's time. He did not suggest his idea be used for correcting vision, as he was more interested in learning about the mechanisms of accommodation of the eye. Descartes proposed another idea in 1636—a glass tube filled with liquid placed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5503771",
"chunk_text": "Bifocals\nindependently by more than one person, it is possible that the invention of bifocals may have been such a case. John Isaac Hawkins, the inventor of trifocal lenses, coined the term \"\"bifocals\"\" in 1824 and credited Dr. Franklin. In 1955, Irving Rips of Younger Optics created the first seamless or \"\"invisible\"\" bifocal, a precursor to all progressive lenses. Construction Original bifocals were designed with the most convex lenses (for close viewing) in the lower half of the frame and the least convex lenses on the upper. Up until the beginning of the 20th century two separate lenses were cut in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071634",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\n\"\"It is not yet twenty years since there was found the art of making eyeglasses, which make for good vision... And it is so short a time that this new art, never before extant, was discovered. ... I saw the one who first discovered and practiced it, and I talked to him.\"\" Giordano's colleague Friar Alessandro della Spina of Pisa (d. 1313) was soon making eyeglasses. The \"\"Ancient Chronicle of the Dominican Monastery of St. Catherine in Pisa\"\" records: \"\"Eyeglasses, having first been made by someone else, who was unwilling to share them, he [Spina] made them and shared them",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10463217",
"chunk_text": "Optics\nof light, and a theology of light, basing it on the works Aristotle and Platonism. Grosseteste's most famous disciple, Roger Bacon, wrote works citing a wide range of recently translated optical and philosophical works, including those of Alhazen, Aristotle, Avicenna, Averroes, Euclid, al-Kindi, Ptolemy, Tideus, and Constantine the African. Bacon was able to use parts of glass spheres as magnifying glasses to demonstrate that light reflects from objects rather than being released from them. The first wearable eyeglasses were invented in Italy around 1286. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for these \"\"spectacles\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19652348",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nframes for glasses also evolved. Early eyepieces were designed to be either held in place by hand or by exerting pressure on the nose (\"\"pince-nez\"\"). Girolamo Savonarola suggested that eyepieces could be held in place by a ribbon passed over the wearer's head, this in turn secured by the weight of a hat. The modern style of glasses, held by temples passing over the ears, was developed some time before 1727, possibly by the British optician Edward Scarlett. These designs were not immediately successful, however, and various styles with attached handles such as \"\"scissors-glasses\"\" and lorgnettes were also fashionable from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1895129",
"chunk_text": "Sunglasses\npossibly earlier. Ancient documents describe the use of such crystal sunglasses by judges in ancient Chinese courts to conceal their facial expressions while questioning witnesses. James Ayscough began experimenting with tinted lenses in spectacles in the mid-18th century, around 1752. These were not \"\"sunglasses\"\" as that term is now used; Ayscough believed that blue- or green-tinted glass could correct for specific vision impairments. Protection from the Sun's rays was not a concern for him. One of the earliest surviving depictions of a person wearing sunglasses is of the scientist Antoine Lavoisier in 1772. Yellow/amber and brown-tinted spectacles were also a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10666241",
"chunk_text": "\"Moritz von Rohr\"\nMoritz von Rohr Moritz von Rohr (4 April 1868 – 20 June 1940) was an optical scientist at Carl Zeiss in Jena, Germany. A street in Jena is named after him: Moritz-von-Rohr-Straße, near Carl-Zeiss-Promenade and Otto-Schott-Straße. Moritz von Rohr was born in Lonzyn near Hohensalza, then part of the Prussian Grand Duchy of Posen, but now in Poland and known as Łążyn, near Inowrocław. He obtained a doctorate of philosophy at the University of Berlin in 1892. Von Rohr is usually credited with the design of the first aspheric lenses for eyeglasses. He invented the eyeglass lens designs that became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10666238",
"chunk_text": "\"Moritz von Rohr\"\nMoritz von Rohr Moritz von Rohr (4 April 1868 – 20 June 1940) was an optical scientist at Carl Zeiss in Jena, Germany. A street in Jena is named after him: Moritz-von-Rohr-Straße, near Carl-Zeiss-Promenade and Otto-Schott-Straße. Moritz von Rohr was born in Lonzyn near Hohensalza, then part of the Prussian Grand Duchy of Posen, but now in Poland and known as Łążyn, near Inowrocław. He obtained a doctorate of philosophy at the University of Berlin in 1892. Von Rohr is usually credited with the design of the first aspheric lenses for eyeglasses. He invented the eyeglass lens designs that became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6029529",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerome Wolken\"\nJerome Wolken Jerome Jay Wolken (March 28, 1917 – May 10, 1999) was an American biophysicist who used his research in vision in deep sea creatures to develop a kind of eyeglasses that used specially designed lenses to gather more light, which provided vision to some people who were legally blind. Jerome Jay Wolken was born in Pittsburgh on March 28, 1917. He earned a series of degrees from the University of Pittsburgh, a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1946, a master's degree in biological sciences in 1948 and a Ph.D. in biophysics in 1949. He taught at his alma",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19798614",
"chunk_text": "\"Salvino D'Armati\"\ndi Fir., Inventor degl'occhiali. Dio gli perdoni la peccata. Anno D. MCCCXVII\"\" \"\"Translation\"\" : Here lies Salvino, son of Armato degli Armati of Florence, inventor of eyeglasses. May God forgive his sins. A.D. 1317. Del Migliore never produced this burial register, and it has never been found. Del Migliore claimed that D'Armati's tomb and its epitaph was obliterated during the church's restoration. In 1920, the Italian scholar Isidoro del Lungo (1841-1927) pointed out (1) that nowhere else had a \"\"Salvino degli Armati\"\" been credited with being the inventor of eyeglasses, (2) that in the 14th century, the epitaph would have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19652345",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nChina in the 13th century. However, no such statement appears in his accounts. Indeed, the earliest mentions of eyeglasses in China occur in the 15th century and those Chinese sources state that eyeglasses were imported. It is also sometimes claimed that glasses were first invented in India. In 1907 Professor Berthold Laufer stated in his history of glasses that \"\"\"\"the opinion that spectacles originated in India is of the greatest probability and that spectacles must have been known in India earlier than in Europe\"\"\"\". However, Joseph Needham showed that the mention of glasses in the manuscript Laufer used to justify",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "993866",
"chunk_text": "\"August Müller (inventor)\"\nAugust Müller (inventor) August Müller (1864 – 1949), born in Mönchengladbach, was a medical student at the University of Kiel, Germany, and a pioneer in the manufacture of contact lenses. In 1889, he presented at the university his doctoral thesis titled \"\"Eyeglasses and corneal lenses\"\" in which he described his efforts to grind scleral lenses from blown glass. Refinements in his process led him to be able to correct his own severe -14 dioptre myopia to within 0.50 D. Müller's compatriot Adolf Fick had published his work on contact lenses earlier in 1887, but his lenses were heavy and could",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16823732",
"chunk_text": "\"Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick\"\nAdolf Gaston Eugen Fick Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick (February 22, 1852, Marburg – February 11, 1937, Herrsching am Ammersee) was a German ophthalmologist who invented the contact lens. He was the nephew of the German physiologist Adolf Eugen Fick, and the son of the German anatomy professor Franz Ludwig Fick. At three years old, his mother died, and at six, his father, anatomy professor Ludwig Fick, died. Soon afterwards, he was raised in Adolf Fick's family; Adolf Fick was his uncle, godfather, and a famous physiologist that influenced his studies in ophthalmology. He studied medicine in Würzburg, Zürich, Marburg, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071638",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nthe prior invention of them in Asia did not exist in older versions of that manuscript, and the reference to them in later versions was added during the Ming dynasty. In a 1971 article in the British Journal of Ophthalmology it was argued that it: \"\"\"\"...is therefore most likely that the use of lenses reached Europe via the Arabs, as did Hindu mathematics and the ophthalmological works of the ancient Hindu surgeon Susruta\"\"\"\", but all dates given are well after the existence of eyeglasses in Italy was established, and there had been significant shipments of eye glasses from Italy to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17649847",
"chunk_text": "\"Visual prosthesis\"\nVisual prosthesis A visual prosthesis, often referred to as a bionic eye, is an experimental visual device intended to restore functional vision in those suffering from partial or total blindness. Many devices have been developed, usually modeled on the cochlear implant or bionic ear devices, a type of neural prosthesis in use since the mid-1980s. The idea of using electrical current (e.g., electrically stimulating the retina or the visual cortex) to provide sight dates back to the 18th century, discussed by Benjamin Franklin, Tiberius Cavallo, and Charles LeRoy. The ability to give sight to a blind person via a bionic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17453529",
"chunk_text": "Optician\nidea back to Germany with him. He started making monocles in Vienna about 1814 and the fashion spread and took particularly strong roots in Germany and in Russia. The first monocle wearers were upper-class gentlemen, which may account for the aura of arrogance the monocle seemed to confer on the wearer. After World War I, the monocle fell into disrepute, its downfall in the allied sphere hastened, no doubt, by its association with the German military. The lorgnette, two lenses in a frame the user held with a lateral handle, was another 18th-century development (by Englishman George Adams). The lorgnette",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1582434",
"chunk_text": "\"Augustin-Jean Fresnel\"\nAugustin-Jean Fresnel Augustin-Jean Fresnel ( , ; ; 10 May 178814 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century. But he is perhaps better known for inventing the catadioptric (reflective/refractive) Fresnel lens and for pioneering the use of \"\"stepped\"\" lenses to extend the visibility of lighthouses, saving countless lives at sea. The simpler dioptric (purely refractive) stepped lens, first proposed by Count Buffon and independently",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13944292",
"chunk_text": "Ophthalmoscopy\n(later Moorfields Eye Hospital), of his pioneering work wrote \"\"every eye could be made luminous if the axis from a source of illumination directed towards a person's eye and the line of vision of the observer were coincident\"\". Although some credit the invention of the ophthalmoscope to Charles Babbage in 1847, it was not until it was independently reinvented by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1851 that its usefulness was recognized - it was to revolutionize ophthalmology. While training in France, Andreas Anagnostakis, MD, an ophthalmologist from Greece, came up with the idea of making the instrument hand-held by adding a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8614523",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert Charles Moon\"\nRobert Charles Moon Robert Charles Moon (1844–1914) was an ophthalmologist who practiced medicine in England and the United States. He was the son of William Moon (1818–1894), inventor of \"\"Moon type\"\", an embossed alphabet for the blind. Robert Moon's career choice in ophthalmology was influenced by his experiences as a youth, helping his father in translating and transcribing reading matter for the visually handicapped. From 1866 to 1878 he practiced medicine at the South London Ophthalmic Hospital, a facility founded in 1857 by John Zachariah Laurence (1829–1870). Along with Dr. Laurence, the \"\"Laurence-Moon syndrome\"\" is named, a disease characterized by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18797646",
"chunk_text": "\"Contact lens\"\nfor the visual correction: the first \"\"\"\"a spherical capsule of glass filled with animal jelly\"\"\"\", and \"\"\"\"a mould of the cornea\"\"\"\" that could be impressed on \"\"some sort of transparent medium\"\". Though Herschel reportedly never tested these ideas, they were both later advanced by several independent inventors such as Hungarian Dallos with István Komáromy (1929), who perfected a method of making molds from living eyes. This enabled the manufacture of lenses that, for the first time, conformed to the actual shape of the eye. In 1888, German ophthalmologist Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick constructed and fitted the first successful contact lens.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1133331",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick W. Brock\"\nFrederick W. Brock Frederick W. Brock(1899-1972), born in Switzerland, was an optometrist, a major contributions to vision therapy, and the inventor of various vision therapy devices including the Brock string. Brock's approach to treating eye disorders has been crucial in paving the way to overcome an erroneous but long-standing medical consensus that stereopsis could not be acquired in adulthood but only during a critical period early in life: neuroscientist Susan R. Barry, the first person to have received widespread media attention for having acquired stereo vision in adulthood, attributes him a central role in her recovery of stereopsis, a discovery",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071641",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nthe second half of the 18th century and into the early 19th century. In the early 20th century, Moritz von Rohr and Zeiss (with the assistance of H. Boegehold and A. Sonnefeld), developed the Zeiss Punktal spherical point-focus lenses that dominated the eyeglass lens field for many years. In 2008, Joshua Silver designed eyewear with adjustable corrective glasses. They work by silicone liquid, a syringe, and a pressure mechanism. Despite the increasing popularity of contact lenses and laser corrective eye surgery, glasses remain very common, as their technology has improved. For instance, it is now possible to purchase frames made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18071646",
"chunk_text": "Glasses\nFor most of their history, eyeglasses were seen as unfashionable, and carried several potentially negative connotations: wearing glasses caused individuals to be stigmatized and stereotyped as pious clergymen (as those in religious vocation were the most likely to be literate and therefore the most likely to need reading glasses), elderly, or physically weak and passive. The stigma began to fall away in the early 1900s when the popular Theodore Roosevelt was regularly photographed wearing eyeglasses, and in the 1910s when popular comedian Harold Lloyd began wearing a pair of horn-rimmed glasses as the \"\"Glasses\"\" character in his films. Since, eyeglasses",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7277754",
"chunk_text": "\"James Richard Cocke\"\nJames Richard Cocke James Richard Cocke (1863 – April 12, 1900), who had been blind since infancy, was an American physician, homeopath, and a pioneer hypnotherapist. He was born in the South of the United States, and had been totally blind since he was an infant. His sight had been completely destroyed when acid was accidentally applied to his eyes when he was just three weeks old. He moved to Boston around 1885. He was considered to be \"\"highly educated\"\"; and, despite his total blindness, \"\"was able to go around the city at will\"\", and \"\"could play a piano with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1351269",
"chunk_text": "\"Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick\"\nin France, Russia and Turkey. At the same time he continued working on ophthalmologic anatomy and optics. Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick (February 22, 1852, Marburg – February 11, 1937, Herrsching am Ammersee) was a German ophthalmologist who invented the contact lens. He was the nephew of the German physiologist Adolf Eugen Fick, and the son of the German anatomy professor Franz Ludwig Fick. At three years old, his mother died, and at six, his father, anatomy professor Ludwig Fick, died. Soon afterwards, he was raised in Adolf Fick's family; Adolf Fick was his uncle, godfather, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13921210",
"chunk_text": "\"New Year's glasses\"\nknown to sell the glasses with extremely high markups. In 2015, the average cost of glasses in Times Square was upwards of $25. New Year's glasses can restrict vision due to the large frame. The large frame can also cause discomfort. New Year's glasses New Year's glasses are novelty eyeglasses in the numerical shape of the coming year usually worn during New Year's Eve parties. They were invented and patented by Richard Sclafani and Peter Cicero in 1990, although other companies have produced similar versions. New Year's glasses' inspiration and popularity arose from the fact that the two digits in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1133336",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick W. Brock\"\nThe Frederick W. Brock Memorial Award for Excellence in Vision Therapy is awarded in his honor. Frederick W. Brock Frederick W. Brock(1899-1972), born in Switzerland, was an optometrist, a major contributions to vision therapy, and the inventor of various vision therapy devices including the Brock string. Brock's approach to treating eye disorders has been crucial in paving the way to overcome an erroneous but long-standing medical consensus that stereopsis could not be acquired in adulthood but only during a critical period early in life: neuroscientist Susan R. Barry, the first person to have received widespread media attention for having acquired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9067747",
"chunk_text": "\"Rimless eyeglasses\"\nnose and kept them in place. The style became popularized in the years prior to World War I by Theodore Roosevelt, whose popularity with the American people and public image as a frontiersman helped to eliminate some of the stigma associated with eyeglasses. During this same period, another style became available in which the lenses were mounted to two arms as well as a bridge; the style became known as \"\"three-piece glasses\"\" for the three separate structural components. The most popular three-piece style was known as a \"\"riding temple,\"\" and was modeled after a style of eyeglasses favored by those",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19798613",
"chunk_text": "\"Salvino D'Armati\"\nSalvino D'Armati Salvino D'Armato degli Armati of Florence (died 1317) is sometimes credited with the invention of eyeglasses, however this claim was shown to be a hoax. The earliest mention of Salvino degli Armati as the inventor of eyeglasses occurred in 1684. Ferdinando Leopoldo del Migliore (1628-1696) of Florence published a book, \"\"Firenze citta' noblissima illustrata\"\" (\"\"Florence, Most Noble City, illustrated\"\"). In this book, del Migliore claimed to own a burial register of the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, which had recently been renovated. This register supposedly recorded Armati's epitaph as follows: \"\"Original\"\" : \"\"Qui diace Salvino d'Armato degl' Armati",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11206711",
"chunk_text": "\"William Moon\"\nWilliam Moon William Moon, Hon. LLD, FRSA, FRGS (18 December 1818 – 9 October 1894) was an Englishman who created Moon type, the first widely used practical reading alphabet for the blind. Moon was born in Horsmonden, Kent. As a small child, he lost sight in one eye from scarlet fever, and by the age of twenty-one he had become totally blind. He moved in with his widowed mother and sister in Brighton, East Sussex. He became a teacher, and taught boys how to read using the existing embossed reading codes. Moon realised that the boys found these reading codes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9512765",
"chunk_text": "\"Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal\"\nOtto Westphal. Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal (1800 – 1879) was a German physician and Geheimer Sanitätsrath (privy medical counsellor). He wrote on the human eye and on optics. He was interested in environmental impacts on eyesight, including light quality, and argued that eyeglasses should be tailored to occupation. Westphal also examined a variety of eyewashes and tinctures, and reportedly invented eye occlusion therapy, currently used for correction of strabismus and amblyopia. Westphal was married to Karoline Friederike Heine, the daughter of a wealthy banker. He is the father of Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal and grandfather of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10264053",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Frank Tunley\"\nHe was featured in the Magnificent Makers exhibition at the State Library of Queensland in 2018. Richard Frank Tunley Richard Frank Tunley (1879–1968) was a blinds manufacturer and inventor of educational resources for visually impaired children in Queensland, Australia. He was a foundation member of the Blind, Deaf, and Dumb Institution and was central to the passage of the \"\"Blind, Deaf and Dumb Children Instruction Act of 1924\"\" through the Parliament of Queensland which made education for visual and hearing impaired children compulsory in Queensland. Tunley was born in Wolverhampton to William, a mercantile clerk, and Annie Tunley. In 1884",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9512764",
"chunk_text": "\"Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal\"\nOtto Carl Friedrich Westphal Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal (1800 – 1879) was a German physician and Geheimer Sanitätsrath (privy medical counsellor). He wrote on the human eye and on optics. He was interested in environmental impacts on eyesight, including light quality, and argued that eyeglasses should be tailored to occupation. Westphal also examined a variety of eyewashes and tinctures, and reportedly invented eye occlusion therapy, currently used for correction of strabismus and amblyopia. Westphal was married to Karoline Friederike Heine, the daughter of a wealthy banker. He is the father of Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal and grandfather of Alexander Carl",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1714959",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold Ridley (ophthalmologist)\"\nHarold Ridley (ophthalmologist) Sir Nicholas Harold Lloyd Ridley (10 July 1906, Kibworth Harcourt, Leicestershire – 25 May 2001, Salisbury, Wiltshire) was an English ophthalmologist who invented the intraocular lens and pioneered intraocular lens surgery for cataract patients. Nicholas Harold Lloyd Ridley was the son of Nicholas Charles Ridley and his wife Margaret, née Parker; he had a younger brother, Olden. Harold had a stammer which he largely managed to cure. As a child he met and sat on the lap of Florence Nightingale, a close friend of his mother. He was educated at Charterhouse School before studying at Pembroke College,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6298982",
"chunk_text": "\"Andreas Anagnostakis\"\nAndreas Anagnostakis Dr Andreas Anagnostakis (1826 – March 27, 1897) was a Greek physician. He was born on the island of Antikythera in 1826 to a family that originated in Anopolis, Sfakia, Crete. He graduated from the Medical School of the University of Athens on June 26, 1849 and did his ophthalmological training in Paris and Berlin. He is credited for the development of the hand-held ophthalmoscope, thus significantly advancing the design and use of the original ophthalmoscope invented by Hermann von Helmholtz. Besides his fame as a great doctor and scientist, Anagnostakis was an accomplished author and poet. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18776580",
"chunk_text": "\"George M. Stratton\"\nGeorge M. Stratton George Malcolm Stratton (September 26, 1865 – October 8, 1957) was a psychologist who pioneered the study of perception in vision by wearing special glasses which inverted images up and down and left and right. He studied under one of the founders of modern psychology, Wilhelm Wundt, and started one of the first experimental psychology labs in America, at the University of California, Berkeley. Stratton's studies on binocular vision inspired many later studies on the subject. He was one of the initial members of the philosophy department at Berkeley, and the first chair of its psychology department.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15818432",
"chunk_text": "\"Ferdinand Monoyer\"\nFerdinand Monoyer Ferdinand Monoyer (9 May 1836 – 11 July 1912) was a French ophthalmologist, known for introducing the dioptre in 1872. He invented the Monoyer chart, used to test visual acuity. He inserted his name in the random letters of the chart. It appears when one reads vertically from bottom to top on each side. Monoyer was of Alsatian heritage by his mother and his father was a French military doctor. He was an Associate Professor of Medical Physics at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg in 1871. Later, he was the director of the Ophthalmic Clinic of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6223234",
"chunk_text": "\"Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles\"\nworking blinds). It was not until the late 18th century that society began to take an interest in the education of the blind. Until that time they were considered mostly uneducable and untrainable. One of the major figures in the movement to educate the blind was Sébastien Guillié. He established the first ophthalmological clinic in France and became director of the school in Paris. In 1816, the school moved into a former prison that was used during the French Revolution. Although it was better than its previous location, the building was cold, poorly lit, and unsanitary. Louis Braille, the inventor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_434
|
when do we find out luke and leia are siblings?
|
n/a
|
[
"Return of the Jedi",
"In Return of the Jedi"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12278036",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nwith the smuggler, Han Solo. In \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" (1983), Leia leads the operation to rescue Han from the crime lord Jabba the Hutt, and is revealed to be Vader's daughter and the twin sister of Luke Skywalker. The prequel film \"\"\"\" (2005) establishes that the twins' mother is Senator (and former queen) Padmé Amidala of Naboo, who dies after childbirth. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail and Queen Breha Organa of Alderaan. In \"\"\"\" (2015) and \"\"\"\" (2017), Leia is the founder and General of the Resistance against the First Order. She and Han have a son named",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504340",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nShe is later revealed to be the daughter of Darth Vader and twin sister of Luke Skywalker. Over the course of the franchise, Leia becomes a leader among the Alliance and later of the New Republic. She falls in love with and marries Han Solo, with whom she has a son named Ben, known as Kylo Ren when he turned to the dark side. Following the events of \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" (1983), Leia and Han have a son, Ben Solo. He is taught the ways of the Force by his uncle, Luke Skywalker, but is corrupted and turned to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3760688",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\nhe intended to report the rebels to the Empire to protect Alderaan from retribution. A devastated Leia brings his body back to Alderaan, but leaves the information he collected to be destroyed. Bail and Breha finally bring Leia formally into the conspiracy. The novel was announced at the \"\"Star Wars\"\" Celebration in April 2017, along with two other novels and a comic book miniseries related to the second sequel film, \"\"\"\". It was published on September 1, 2017. Gray said of the novel: \"\"Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\" sets up the relationships between Leia and other characters seen in the films,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2226900",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nSnoke. The daughter of Anakin Skywalker and Padmé Amidala, Leia Organa was adopted by Bail and Breha Organa of Alderaan. At age 19 she is the Princess of Alderaan, and is captured by Darth Vader while in the Tantive IV blockade runner on a so-called \"\"diplomatic mission\"\". Leia is shown to be force sensitive. In \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\", Leia professes her love for Han Solo when he is put into carbonite stasis, although it is originally Han and Luke who compete for her affections. In \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", planning to feed Luke, Han, and Chewbacca to the flesh",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "535978",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Skywalker\"\nLeia are born to Senator Padmé Amidala. Following Padmé's death on Polis Massa and his father's turn to the dark side of the Force, Luke is taken by Obi-Wan Kenobi to the desert planet Tatooine, where Luke is adopted by his father's stepbrother, Owen Lars, and his wife, Beru. In the first installment of the sequel trilogy, \"\"\"\" (2015), the opening crawl reveals that Luke Skywalker had mysteriously vanished some time in the 30 years following the events of \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\". Luke went into hiding after his nephew and apprentice, Ben Solo, turned to the dark side and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10782583",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Skywalker\"\nLuke also serves as a mentor to the protagonist of the new \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy, Rey. The now non-canon \"\"Star Wars Legends\"\" depicts him as a powerful Jedi Master, husband of Mara Jade, the father of Ben Skywalker and maternal uncle of Jaina, Jacen and Anakin Solo. Luke Skywalker appears in \"\"Episode IV\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Episode VI\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", and briefly \"\"\"\" briefly as an infant (portrayed by Aidan Barton). Mark Hamil is slated to reprise his role as Skywalker in the upcoming \"\"\"\", which is set to premiere in the United States on December 20, 2019. Introduced in the 1977",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708793",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nIn \"\"Heir to the Empire\"\" (1991), Leia is married to Han and three months pregnant with twins. Noghri commandos repeatedly attempt to kidnap her as part of Grand Admiral Thrawn's plan to restore the Empire and crush the New Republic. In \"\"Dark Force Rising\"\" (1992), Leia realizes that Darth Vader and the Empire deceived the Noghri to secure their allegiance, and by revealing the truth she turns the alien race to the side of the New Republic. In \"\"The Last Command\"\" (1993), Leia gives birth to the twins Jaina and Jacen on Coruscant during Thrawn's siege. Leia, now the Chief",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5931924",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nSkywalker family The Skywalker family is a fictional family in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise. Within the series' fictional universe, the Skywalkers are a bloodline with strong inherent capabilities related to the Force. Luke Skywalker, his twin sister Princess Leia, and their father Darth Vader are central characters in the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film trilogy. Vader, in his previous identity as Anakin Skywalker, is a lead character in the prequel film trilogy. Leia and Han Solo's son, and also Luke's nephew, Kylo Ren plays a crucial role in the sequel trilogy of films. In terms of the series' internal chronology, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433437",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nquoted Lucas in 1997: In the prequel film \"\"\"\" (2005), Padmé Amidala is pregnant with Anakin Skywalker's twins near the end of the Clone Wars. After Anakin turns to the dark side of the Force and becomes Darth Vader, Padmé gives birth to Luke and Leia on Polis Massa and then dies. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail Organa and his wife Queen Breha of Alderaan. Film critic Peter Travers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" wrote, \"\"As we watch Anakin nearly melt in the lava, only to be put together, Frankenstein style, in a lab while Lucas intercuts scenes of Padme giving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3760682",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\nStar Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan is a \"\"Star Wars\"\" novel by Claudia Gray, published by Disney Lucasfilm Press on September 1, 2017 as part of the publishing initiative. It chronicles the teen years of Princess Leia before the events of the 1977 film \"\"Star Wars\"\", which introduced the character. Sixteen-year-old Princess Leia Organa of the planet Alderaan finds that her parents, Queen Breha and Viceroy Bail Organa, are too consumed by their duties to pay her much attention. As a politician-in-training in the Apprentice Legislature, Leia organizes a humanitarian mission to the planet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2226897",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nof Owen. Owen tells Anakin they are stepbrothers. Owen later marries Beru Whitesun. As a Jedi Knight, Anakin secretly marries Padmé Amidala. In \"\"\"\" Padme gives birth to twins, Luke and Leia. Luke is raised by Beru and Owen Lars on Tatooine. Leia is raised by Senator Bail Organa and Queen Breha Organa on Alderaan. In \"\"\"\", Leia and her husband Han Solo, after marrying have a son named Ben Solo, who later adopts the name Kylo Ren. The family breaks apart following Ben's descent into the dark side, with Leia and Han separating. Shmi Skywalker is a fictional character",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3760689",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\nincluding Grand Moff Tarkin, Mon Mothma, Amilyn Holdo, and Quarsh Panaka. Gray explained how Kier Domadi, Leia's first love, compares to the character's future husband, Han Solo: Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan is a \"\"Star Wars\"\" novel by Claudia Gray, published by Disney Lucasfilm Press on September 1, 2017 as part of the publishing initiative. It chronicles the teen years of Princess Leia before the events of the 1977 film \"\"Star Wars\"\", which introduced the character. Sixteen-year-old Princess Leia Organa of the planet Alderaan finds that her parents, Queen Breha and Viceroy Bail",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504344",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nand has appeared in various novels and the \"\"Champions of the Force\"\" set for the \"\"Star Wars Miniatures\"\" game. Jaina, named after Han's mother, is born five minutes before her brother Jacen in the \"\"Thrawn\"\" trilogy (1991–93). The twins, and eventually their younger brother, live at various safe havens for their first few years under the protection of Leia's handmaiden Winter. The twins play a small role in Kevin J. Anderson's \"\"Jedi Academy\"\" trilogy (1994). In \"\"Champions of the Force\"\" (1994), Jaina helps her brother defend their unconscious uncle from the spirit of Sith Lord Exar Kun. In Vonda McIntyre's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "167557",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nthe existing \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe, which was discarded to give \"\"maximum creative freedom to the filmmakers and also preserve an element of surprise and discovery for the audience.\"\" The sequel trilogy focuses on the journey of the orphaned scavenger Rey following in the footsteps of the Jedi with the guidance of the reluctant last Jedi, Luke Skywalker. Along with ex-stormtrooper Finn, she helps the Resistance led by Leia fight the First Order commanded by Supreme Leader Snoke and his pupil Kylo Ren (Han Solo and Leia's son). \"\"\"\" was released on December 18, 2015, \"\"\"\" on December 15, 2017,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708794",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nof State of the New Republic, is a minor character in the \"\"Jedi Academy\"\" trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson, set after the \"\"Thrawn\"\" trilogy. Next in the timeline is the \"\"Callista\"\" trilogy: \"\"Children of the Jedi\"\" (1995) by Barbara Hambly, \"\"Darksaber\"\" (1995) by Anderson and \"\"Planet of Twilight\"\" (1997) by Hambly. In \"\"The Crystal Star\"\" (1994) by Vonda McIntyre, young Jacen, Jaina and their three-year-old brother Anakin are kidnapped in a plot to restore the Empire, but are rescued by Leia and Chewbacca. Leia struggles with the responsibilities of her position in \"\"The Black Fleet Crisis\"\" trilogy (1996) by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433448",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nIX\"\". However, Kennedy subsequently said that Fisher would not appear in the film. In July 2018, it was announced that Fisher will indeed be appearing as Leia in \"\"Episode IX\"\", using unseen footage from \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Leia makes a brief appearance in the final scene of the 2016 film \"\"Rogue One\"\", receiving the plans for the Death Star as a lead-up to the beginning of \"\"A New Hope\"\". Since this movie takes place prior to the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy, a very young Leia was required. To achieve that effect, a computer-generated image of a young Carrie Fisher was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18475802",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nby the New Sith Order on the Jedi Academy on Ossus. Nevertheless, he still encounters other Jedi, as well as the ghost of Luke Skywalker. The character was voted the 84th top \"\"Star Wars\"\" character by IGN. Skywalker family The Skywalker family is a fictional family in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise. Within the series' fictional universe, the Skywalkers are a bloodline with strong inherent capabilities related to the Force. Luke Skywalker, his twin sister Princess Leia, and their father Darth Vader are central characters in the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film trilogy. Vader, in his previous identity as Anakin Skywalker, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12278056",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nbe fed to the Sarlacc. Lando (disguised as a guard) helps them overpower their captors, and Leia seizes the moment to strangle Jabba with her chain. Luke and Leia swing to safety, blowing up Jabba's barge behind them. Later, the heroes go to the forest moon of Endor to prepare for a battle with the Empire. There, Luke reveals to Leia that she is his twin sister and that Vader is their father. Leia joins Han in leading the Rebels in battle with Imperial troops as the Rebel Fleet attacks the second Death Star. Leia is slightly injured, but the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4293731",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nOrder troops, Leia is among the remaining Resistance forces who escape from Crait in the \"\"Millennium Falcon\"\". Following Fisher's death, \"\"Variety\"\" reported that she was slated to appear in \"\"\"\" and speculated that Lucasfilm would need to find a way to address her death and what would become of her character. Filming began on August 1, 2018. Lucasfilm announced in January 2017 that they had \"\"no plans to digitally recreate Carrie Fisher's performance as Princess or General Leia Organa\"\". In April 2017, Fisher's family granted Disney and Lucasfilm the rights to use recent footage of the late actress in \"\"Episode",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433458",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nset between \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" and \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", and Claudia Gray's novels \"\"\"\" (2016) and \"\"\"\" (2017). The former is set six years before \"\"The Force Awakens\"\", while the latter features a 16-year-old Leia before the events of \"\"A New Hope\"\". Leia is the lead character in the five-part comic limited series \"\"\"\" (2015), set between \"\"Episode IV: A New Hope\"\" and \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\". She is featured prominently in the four-part comic limited series \"\"\"\" (2015), set immediately after \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\". In \"\"Princess Leia\"\" #2 and \"\"Shattered Empire\"\", Leia is seen using her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10213175",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Skywalker\"\nLuke Skywalker Luke Skywalker is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the original film trilogy of the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise created by George Lucas. Skywalker, portrayed by Mark Hamill, is a pivotal figure in the Rebel Alliance's struggle against the Galactic Empire. He is the twin brother of Rebellion leader Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan, a friend and brother-in-law of smuggler Han Solo, an apprentice to Jedi Masters Obi-Wan \"\"Ben\"\" Kenobi and Yoda, the son of fallen Jedi Anakin Skywalker (Darth Vader) and Queen of Naboo/Republic Senator Padmé Amidala and maternal uncle of Ben Solo / Kylo Ren.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504343",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nthe Chief of State of the New Republic by the time of the \"\"Jedi Academy\"\" trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson, and during this period has another son with Han. All three of the Solo children become Jedi Knights under the tutelage of their maternal uncle Luke Skywalker. The Solo children were ranked as the 16th top \"\"Star Wars\"\" heroes, according to IGN in 2008. Jaina Solo and her twin brother Jacen were created by Timothy Zahn in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe novel \"\"The Last Command\"\" (1994). She is the eldest child of Han Solo and Leia Organa Solo,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18789750",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nthe 2012 acquisition of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company, most of the licensed \"\"Star Wars\"\" novels and comics produced since the originating 1977 film \"\"Star Wars\"\" were rebranded as \"\"Star Wars Legends\"\" and declared non-canon to the franchise in April 2014. In the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe, Luke, following his sister's marriage to Han Solo and the birth of the Solo children (Anakin, Jacen, and Jaina), marries Mara Jade, who has a son named Ben. A further complication in this continuity is the fact that the \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" novelization includes a detail about Owen Lars being Obi-Wan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11283064",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: The Last Jedi\"\ntwo nominations at the 71st British Academy Film Awards. A sequel, provisionally titled \"\"\"\", is scheduled for release on December 20, 2019. Following the battle of Starkiller Base, General Leia Organa leads Resistance forces to flee D'Qar when a First Order fleet arrives. Poe Dameron leads a costly counterattack that destroys a First Order dreadnought, but after the Resistance escapes to hyperspace, the First Order tracks them and attacks the Resistance convoy. Kylo Ren, Leia's son, hesitates to fire on the lead Resistance ship after sensing his mother's presence, but his wingmen destroy the bridge, killing most of the Resistance",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4062765",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nHe and his Wookiee co-pilot and best friend, Chewbacca are initially hired to transport Luke Skywalker and Obi-wan Kenobi. Han and Chewbacca later become involved in the Rebel Alliance and are committed to its cause. Over the course of the franchise, Han becomes a military leader for the Alliance, falling in love with and marrying Leia Organa, with whom he has a son named Ben. Leia Organa first appears in \"\"Star Wars: A New Hope\"\", played by Carrie Fisher. She is princess of the planet Alderaan, a member of the Imperial Senate and also an agent for the Rebel Alliance.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14030219",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Bloodline\"\nStar Wars: Bloodline Star Wars: Bloodline is a \"\"Star Wars\"\" novel by Claudia Gray, published by Del Rey Books on May 3, 2016. Set over 20 years after the events of the 1983 film \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" and several years before 2015's \"\"\"\", it follows Leia Organa as she navigates troubles brewing in the Galactic Senate. The novel was announced in October 2015 at the New York Comic Con panel for the publishing initiative with the title \"\"Star Wars: New Republic: Bloodline\"\". Now in her late 40s, Senator Leia Organa is frustrated by the stagnation of the New Republic's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4293711",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\ntells Luke he has a twin sister. She and their mother were \"\"sent to the protection of friends in a distant system. The mother died shortly thereafter, and Luke's sister was adopted by Ben's friends, the governor of Alderaan and his wife.\"\" Fisher explained in 1983: \"\"Leia's real father left her mother when she was pregnant, so her mother married this King Organa. I was adopted and grew up set apart from other people because I was a princess.\"\" Composer John Williams created a musical leitmotif for Leia which recurs throughout the \"\"Star Wars\"\" saga. \"\"Princess Leia's Theme\"\" was recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504337",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nSolo family The Solo family is a fictional family of characters in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise, whose most key member is smuggler Han Solo, one of the central protagonists of the franchise starting in the original film trilogy which he is featured prominently throughout. Subsequent to these films' events, Han marries Princess Leia, hence connecting her family tree to his; their son Ben Solo is introduced in the 2015 film \"\"\"\". In the alternate \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe of novels and comic books, Han and Leia have three children: Jaina, Jacen and Anakin Solo, who appear as lead characters in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10214132",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Skywalker\"\nyoung Luke. In 2016, when asked about the character's sexual orientation and if Luke could be gay, Hamill said Luke's sexual orientation \"\"is meant to be interpreted by the viewer\"\". He added, \"\"if you think Luke is gay, of course he is. You should not be ashamed of it. Judge Luke by his character, not by who he loves.\"\" Ryan Britt of \"\"Inverse\"\" noted that leaving interpretations aside, in all media Luke has only been portrayed as straight. In the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" films, he is attracted to Leia before discovering she is his biological sister. Deleted scenes from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11283108",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: The Last Jedi\"\nparents are insignificant; many fans had expected her to be Luke's daughter or to share a lineage with another character from the original trilogy. There was also sentiment that Snoke's character was underdeveloped and that Luke's actions contradicted his previous heroic portrayal. Reviewers stated that fan theories were held so strongly among some viewers that it was difficult for them to accept different stories, but that other viewers appreciated the film's action, tone, and deviation from \"\"Star Wars\"\" tradition. \"\"\"\", the final installment of the sequel trilogy, is scheduled for release on December 20, 2019. Principal photography began on August",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504350",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nWars\"\" universe\"\". Anakin Solo is the youngest child born to Han Solo and Princess Leia, and the younger brother of Jacen and Jaina Solo. Anakin is named after his maternal grandfather, Anakin Skywalker, and, like his namesake, is a talented pilot who is prodigiously gifted both in the Force and mechanical engineering. Anakin appears as an infant and toddler in many \"\"Star Wars\"\" novels such as the \"\"Jedi Academy\"\" trilogy (1994). Anakin and his siblings play central roles in other novels such as \"\"The Crystal Star\"\" (1994), the \"\"Corellian\"\" trilogy (1995) and \"\"The New Rebellion\"\" (1996). Anakin's birth is featured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708799",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nsoon after, as Luke, Leia and the Rebels fight the Sith Lord Shadowspawn. In \"\"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\" (1994) by Dave Wolverton, set immediately before the \"\"Thrawn\"\" trilogy, Leia is presented with an advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Hapes. A jealous Han abducts Leia and takes her to the planet Dathomir; Luke and Isolder follow, and there they all find the hidden forces of the Imperial warlord Zsinj. Defeating him, Han and Leia marry. The 2003 novels \"\"A Forest Apart\"\" and \"\"Tatooine Ghost\"\" by Troy Denning are set immediately after \"\"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433481",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nplan to restore the Empire. A captive Leia, resisting Palpatine's attempts to turn her as well, escapes with an artifact he needs to secure his power, the Jedi Holocron. Luke pursues her, and Leia manages to turn him back. Brother and sister then fight Palpatine with the light side of the Force, turning his own Force-generated storm against him and destroying Palpatine and his Star Destroyer. In \"\"Dark Empire II\"\" (1994–95), Leia gives birth to a third child by Han, whom she names Anakin. Palpatine is reborn in an inferior, rapidly deteriorating clone body in \"\"Empire's End\"\" (1995), and seeks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708804",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\na pregnant woman, whom Luke learns is his and Leia's biological mother, Padmé Amidala. Anakin and Padmé are discussing a dream of Anakin's in which Padmé dies in childbirth; later, Luke and Leia watch a clip in which Padmé is talking to Obi-Wan Kenobi about Anakin. Tenel Ka, Queen Mother of the Hapes Consortium, has a daughter, Allana, secretly fathered by Jacen. In \"\"The Swarm War\"\" (2005), Luke and Leia view holoclips of their mother's death, and Leia is promoted to Jedi Knight. The bestselling \"\"Legacy of the Force\"\" series (2006–08) chronicles the crossover of Han and Leia's son Jacen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4293708",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nto the fourth draft as a childhood friend of Luke. Leia was at one point \"\"the daughter of Owen Lars and his wife Beru ... Luke's cousin–together they visit the grave of his mother, who perished with his father on a planet destroyed by the Death Star.\"\" A later story synopsis establishes Leia as \"\"Leia Antilles\"\", the daughter of Bail Antilles from the peaceful world of Organa Major. In the fourth draft it was established that \"\"Leia Organa\"\" came instead from Alderaan. Fisher was 19 when she was cast as Princess Leia, with actresses including Amy Irving, Cindy Williams and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10755437",
"chunk_text": "\"Alan Dean Foster\"\nwas stunned when \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" revealed the characters of Luke and Leia as brother and sister; in \"\"Splinter\"\", the characters exhibit quite a bit of romantic and sexual energy. Although \"\"Splinter\"\" was contradicted by later entries in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" film canon, it was the first \"\"\"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe\"\" entry written (although not the first published—a Marvel Comics story holds that honor). Foster wrote the novelization of \"\"\"\". Foster has the story credit for \"\"\"\". He also wrote 10 books based on episodes of the , the first six books each consisting of three linked novella-length episode",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19436562",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nKenobi's estranged brother. To explain subsequent references, \"\"Star Wars: Lone Wolf: A Tale of Obi-Wan and Luke\"\" introduces \"\"Owen Kenobi\"\", a personification of the bond Kenobi feels toward Owen Lars. In the Expanded Universe book \"\"Tatooine Ghost\"\", Shmi's granddaughter, Leia, is given Shmi's old journal, which describes Anakin's childhood. Leia learns, through Shmi's love for Anakin, to forgive her father for his role in the destruction of Alderaan and for torturing her aboard the Death Star, as depicted in \"\"A New Hope\"\". Luke Skywalker and Mara Jade Skywalker's son. Named after Obi-Wan \"\"Ben\"\" Kenobi, Jedi Knight. Former student of Jacen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433419",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nBen, who adopted the name Kylo Ren after turning to the dark side of the Force. In the \"\"Star Wars Legends\"\" series of novels, comics and video games (1977–2014), which are set in an alternate continuity, Leia continues her adventures with Han and Luke after \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", fighting Imperial resurgences and new threats to the galaxy. She becomes the Chief of State of the New Republic and a Jedi Master, and is the mother to three children by Han: Jaina, Jacen and Anakin Solo. One of the more popular \"\"Star Wars\"\" characters, Leia has been called a 1980s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11283189",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode IX\"\nwas announced that J. J. Abrams, director of \"\"\"\", would return to direct \"\"Episode IX\"\". Abrams will also co-write the film with Chris Terrio and produce the film through his company Bad Robot Productions, with Kennedy and Michelle Rejwan. Disney also moved the film's release date to December 20, 2019. As principal photography began on August 1, 2018, director J. J. Abrams shared a behind the scenes photo to mark the occasion. Carrie Fisher, who played Leia Organa, died in 2016. \"\"Variety\"\" and Reuters reported that she had been planned for a key role in \"\"Episode IX\"\". The film producers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18031043",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\neating Sarlacc, Jabba the Hutt is instead strangled to death by Leia by a chain he has on her. She later becomes involved in the Battle of Endor. In the years that follow, she becomes General Organa, the leader of the Resistance, a military organization unofficially backed by the New Republic to counter the First Order. She married Han Solo and had a son named Ben Solo, later Kylo Ren, whose turning to the dark side separated the couple before the events of \"\"The Force Awakens\"\". Leia has been on a search to find her missing brother Luke and save",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15142279",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crystal Star\"\nThe Crystal Star The Crystal Star is a bestselling 1994 \"\"Star Wars\"\" novel written by Vonda McIntyre and published by Bantam Spectra. The novel is set ten years after the Battle of Endor in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe. Jacen and Jaina Solo are now five years old, and their brother Anakin is three, all at an age where they are easily manipulated. On Munto Codro, Jacen, Jaina and Anakin are kidnapped by a man named Hethrir. Their mother Leia Organa Solo immediately dispatches a rescue operation. Meanwhile, Leia's husband Han Solo and brother Luke Skywalker go to Crseih Station",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "633213",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nfell in love with Anakin Skywalker after he was assigned to protect her from an assassination attempt, and secretly married him shortly after the Battle of Geonosis, and died while giving birth to her children shortly after the first Empire Day. Obi-Wan and Yoda decided to separate the children in order to keep them hidden from Darth Vader. Luke Skywalker is the son of Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker and Senator of Naboo, Padmé Amidala. He is taken in by his uncle and aunt, Owen and Beru Lars, after the death of Padmé and Anakin's fall to the dark side. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "633214",
"chunk_text": "\"Skywalker family\"\nis force sensitive and skilled with a lightsaber. In \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", a dying Yoda confirms to Luke, that Darth Vader (previously Anakin Skywalker) is actually his father, despite Luke's belief that Vader's claim to fatherhood in \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" was a ruse to pull Luke to the dark side. He also finds out from Obi-Wan's force ghost that Princess Leia Organa is his sister. In \"\"The Force Awakens\"\", as the last known Jedi, Luke is in hiding after failing to prevent his apprentice Ben (now Kylo Ren) from turning to the dark side to join Supreme Leader",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708798",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\ncarbonate by Zorba. \"\"Mission from Mount Yoda\"\" (1993) finds Ken's father Triclops alive and willing to join the Rebels against the Empire. Leia, now engaged to Han, is captured by Zorba in \"\"Queen of the Empire\"\" (1993). Trioculus is revived and seizes Leia before Zorba can kill her. Leia is rescued and replaced with a lookalike droid decoy, which kills Trioculus. In \"\"Prophets of the Dark Side\"\" (1993), Leia looks forward to her wedding to Han and has a vision of their two children. Matthew Stover's 2008 standalone novel \"\"Luke Skywalker and the Shadows of Mindor\"\" picks up the story",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15543977",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars sequel trilogy\"\nJoonas Suotamo, Billie Lourd, Mark Hamill, and Anthony Daniels, with Naomi Ackie and Richard E. Grant joining the cast. The same announcement confirmed Williams' return and that Carrie Fisher would posthumously portray General Leia Organa using unreleased footage from both \"\"The Force Awakens\"\" and \"\"The Last Jedi\"\". It was announced later the same day that Russell had joined the cast. It was reported that the character Yoda would also return. Principal photography began on August 1, 2018 for a December 20, 2019 release. Lucas found himself agreeing with the critics who perceived \"\"The Force Awakens\"\" as too derivative of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15135089",
"chunk_text": "\"Children of the Jedi\"\nChildren of the Jedi Children of the Jedi is a 1995 \"\"Star Wars\"\" novel by American writer Barbara Hambly. The novel is set several months after the \"\"Jedi Academy Trilogy\"\" in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe timeline. Moreover, it serves as book one in a three book cycle involving Callista, an ex-Jedi Knight. The next book in the cycle is \"\"Darksaber\"\" by Kevin J. Anderson. Hambly also wrote the final novel in the cycle, \"\"Planet of Twilight\"\". Luke Skywalker, Leia Organa Solo, Han Solo, Chewbacca, Callista Han Solo and Princess Leia learn of the now-abandoned Jedi stronghold on the planet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3708803",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nson Anakin is later killed during a mission to prevent more Voxyn from being cloned. The Vong are finally defeated in \"\"The Unifying Force\"\" (2003) by James Luceno. In Denning's The \"\"Dark Nest\"\" trilogy (2005), Leia, Han and several Jedi become involved in an escalating border dispute between the Chiss and the insidious insectoid Killiks, and Leia makes a bitter enemy in the Twi'lek warrior Alema Rar. In \"\"The Joiner King\"\" (2005), Leia asks Saba Sebatyne to train her as a Jedi Knight. R2-D2 malfunctions in \"\"The Unseen Queen\"\" (2005) and shows Luke a holoclip of his father Anakin and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433480",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Leia\"\nHan, Leia and Allana on an adventure to investigate the ship's past before it came into Han's possession. Troy Denning's \"\"Crucible\"\" (2013), set after \"\"Fate of the Jedi\"\" and the last novel to date in the \"\"Star Wars Legends\"\" chronology, reunites Leia, Han and Luke with Lando as they aid him to thwart a vast criminal enterprise threatening his asteroid mineral refinery in the Chilean Rift nebula. During the events of the comic series \"\"Dark Empire\"\" (1991–92), Palpatine has been resurrected in a young clone body and seduces Luke to the dark side of the Force as part of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3504342",
"chunk_text": "\"Solo family\"\nconstitutional monarchy in 312 BBY (Before the Battle of Yavin). His descendants continued to rule Corellia until the establishment of the Diktat centuries later. By 29 BBY, their declining status had driven them out of rule and into poverty. Han Solo was born to father Jonash Solo during this time. Following the events of the original film trilogy, Han is a hero of the Rebel Alliance, and marries Rebel leader Princess Leia in \"\"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\" (1994) by Dave Wolverton. Han and Leia have a twin son and daughter in Timothy Zahn's \"\"The Last Command\"\" (1993). Leia becomes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15075345",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\nStar Wars: Princess Leia Star Wars: Princess Leia is a five-issue \"\"Star Wars\"\" comic book limited series, centered on Princess Leia immediately following the events of the 1977 film \"\"Star Wars\"\". In the story, Leia and Rebel pilot Evaan Verlainem attempt to rescue the survivors of the planet Alderaan's destruction from the Empire. Announced alongside the ongoing comics \"\"Star Wars\"\" and \"\"\"\", the series was published by Marvel Comics from March to July 2015 with Mark Waid as writer, Terry Dodson as artist and Jordie Bellaire as colorist. At the time considered the weakest of three initial comics, \"\"Princess Leia\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_435
|
who wrote the original little red riding hood story?
|
n/a
|
[
"Charles Perrault"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456826",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nLittle Red Riding Hood \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" is a European fairy tale about a young girl and a Big Bad Wolf. Its origins can be traced back to the 10th century by several European folk tales, including one from Italy called \"\"The False Grandmother\"\" (), later written among others by Italo Calvino in the \"\"Italian Folktales\"\" collection; the best known versions were written by Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm. The story has been changed considerably in various retellings and subjected to numerous modern adaptations and readings. Other names for the story are: \"\"\"\"Little Red Ridinghood\"\"\"\", \"\"\"\"Little Red Cap\"\"\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9130931",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nRiding Hood\"\" reveal to the heroine that she has a wild nature like the hero's. These interpretations refuse to characterize Little Red Riding Hood as a victim; these are tales of female empowerment. Little Red Riding Hood \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" is a European fairy tale about a young girl and a Big Bad Wolf. Its origins can be traced back to the 10th century by several European folk tales, including one from Italy called \"\"The False Grandmother\"\" (), later written among others by Italo Calvino in the \"\"Italian Folktales\"\" collection; the best known versions were written by Charles Perrault",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456844",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nKing entertained with extravagant parties, presumably would take from the story the intended meaning. In the 19th century two separate German versions were retold to Jacob Grimm and his younger brother Wilhelm Grimm, known as the Brothers Grimm, the first by Jeanette Hassenpflug (1791–1860) and the second by Marie Hassenpflug (1788–1856). The brothers turned the first version to the main body of the story and the second into a sequel of it. The story as \"\"Rotkäppchen\"\" was included in the first edition of their collection \"\"Kinder- und Hausmärchen\"\" (Children's and Household Tales (1812)). The earlier parts of the tale agree",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456837",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nto feed her some fruit from the tree. The tiger comes closer to eat the food, whereupon, the girl pours boiling hot oil down her throat, killing her. The origins of the Little Red Riding Hood story can be traced to versions from various European countries and more than likely preceding the 17th century, of which several exist, some significantly different from the currently known, Grimms-inspired version. It was told by French peasants in the 10th century and recorded by the cathedral schoolmaster Egbert of Liege. In Italy, the Little Red Riding Hood was told by peasants in the fourteenth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6138559",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nmoralités. Contes de ma mère l'Oye\"\"), in 1697, by Charles Perrault. As the title implies, this version is both more sinister and more overtly moralized than the later ones. The redness of the hood, which has been given symbolic significance in many interpretations of the tale, was a detail introduced by Perrault. The story had as its subject an \"\"attractive, well-bred young lady\"\", a village girl of the country being deceived into giving a wolf she encountered the information he needed to find her grandmother's house successfully and eat the old woman while at the same time avoiding being noticed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456847",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nTrue History of Little Goldenhood\"\" in \"\"The Red Fairy Book\"\" (1890). He derived it from the works of Charles Marelles, in \"\"Contes of Charles Marelles\"\". This version explicitly states that the story had been mistold earlier. The girl is saved, but not by the huntsman; when the wolf tries to eat her, its mouth is burned by the golden hood she wears, which is enchanted. James N. Barker wrote a variation of Little Red Riding Hood in 1827 as an approximately 1000-word story. It was later reprinted in 1858 in a book of collected stories edited by William E Burton,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16088672",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood (opera)\"\nLittle Red Riding Hood (opera) Little Red Riding Hood (\"\"Красная шапочка\"\" in Russian; transliterated \"\"Krasnaja šapočka\"\", literally meaning little red cap) is an opera-fairytale for children in two acts (three tableaux) by César Cui, composed in 1911. The libretto was written by Marina Stanislavona Pol', based on Charles Perrault's fairytale of the same name. The printed score from 1912 bears a dedication to Crown Prince Alexey of Imperial Russia. The earliest date of a performance for this opera has yet to be established. However, it is known to have been staged in 1921, in Gomel, in the Byelorussian SSR (now",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9130925",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nriver so she may escape. When the wolf follows Red over the bridge of cloth, the sheet is released and the wolf drowns in the river. And in another version the wolf is pushed into the fire, while he is preparing the meat of the grandmother to be eaten by the girl. The earliest known printed version was known as \"\"Le Petit Chaperon Rouge\"\" and may have had its origins in 17th-century French folklore. It was included in the collection \"\"Tales and Stories of the Past with Morals. Tales of Mother Goose\"\" (\"\"Histoires et contes du temps passé, avec des",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12918321",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood (opera)\"\nto live in the forest as long as he lives up to his promise to be good. Little Red Riding Hood (opera) Little Red Riding Hood (\"\"Красная шапочка\"\" in Russian; transliterated \"\"Krasnaja šapočka\"\", literally meaning little red cap) is an opera-fairytale for children in two acts (three tableaux) by César Cui, composed in 1911. The libretto was written by Marina Stanislavona Pol', based on Charles Perrault's fairytale of the same name. The printed score from 1912 bears a dedication to Crown Prince Alexey of Imperial Russia. The earliest date of a performance for this opera has yet to be established.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6138560",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nby woodcutters working in the nearby forest. Then he proceeded to lay a trap for the Red Riding Hood. Little Red Riding Hood ends up being asked to climb into the bed before being eaten by the wolf, where the story ends. The wolf emerges the victor of the encounter and there is no happy ending. Charles Perrault explained the 'moral' at the end of the tale: so that no doubt is left to his intended meaning: This, the presumed original, version of the tale was written for late seventeenth-century French court of King Louis XIV. This audience, whom the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "683198",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Perrault\"\nCharles Perrault Charles Perrault (; 12 January 1628 – 16 May 1703) was a French author and member of the Académie Française. He laid the foundations for a new literary genre, the fairy tale, with his works derived from earlier folk tales. The best known of his tales include \"\"Le Petit Chaperon Rouge\"\" (\"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\"), \"\"Cendrillon\"\" (\"\"Cinderella\"\"), \"\"Le Chat Botté\"\" (\"\"Puss in Boots\"\"), \"\"La Belle au bois Dormant \"\" (\"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\") and \"\"Barbe Bleue\"\" (\"\"Bluebeard\"\"). Some of Perrault's versions of old stories have influenced the German versions published by the Brothers Grimm more than 100 years later.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20314175",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Cap (poem)\"\nconnection within the original story line to help form a dominant female character in her writing. Many factors went into the making of Duffy's Little Red Cap. Little Red Cap is based on the fairy tale story known as Little Red Riding Hood, but was originally titled Little Red Cap by Wilhelm Grimm. Going along with the theme of poetry in \"\"The World's Wife\"\", Duffy altered the original storyline to create a dominant female character, but also read as an autobiography of an important period of time in her life. Duffy related herself to the character Little Red Cap's love",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6138555",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\ncentury, where a number of versions exist, including \"\"La finta nonna\"\" (The False Grandmother), written among others by Italo Calvino in the \"\"Italian Folktales\"\" collection. It has also been called \"\"The Story of Grandmother\"\". It is also possible that this early tale has roots in very similar East Asian tales (e.g. \"\"Grandaunt Tiger\"\"). These early variations of the tale, do differ from the currently known version in several ways. The antagonist is not always a wolf, but sometimes an ogre, vampire, or a 'bzou' (werewolf), making these tales relevant to the werewolf-trials (similar to witch trials) of the time (e.g.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456829",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\n(\"\"The better to greet you with\"\", responds the wolf), \"\"Goodness, what big eyes you have!\"\" (\"\"The better to see you with\"\", responds the wolf), \"\"And what big hands you have!\"\" (\"\"The better to hug/grab you with\"\", responds the wolf), and lastly, \"\"What a big mouth you have\"\" (\"\"The better to eat you with!\"\", responds the wolf), at which point the wolf jumps out of bed and eats her up too. Then he falls asleep. In Charles Perrault's version of the story (the first version to be published), the tale ends here. However, in later versions, the story continues generally as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456832",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\na malevolent spirit dressed in the skin of a wolf, who raped the girl. Then, one year, the boxer Euthymos came along, slew the spirit, and married the girl who had been offered up as a sacrifice. There are also a number of different stories recounted by Greek authors involving a woman named Pyrrha (literally \"\"Fire\"\") and a man with some name meaning \"\"wolf\"\". The Roman poet Horace alludes to a tale in which a male child is rescued alive from the belly of Lamia, a female ogress in classical mythology. The dialogue between the Big Bad Wolf and Little",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456848",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\ncalled the \"\"Cyclopedia of Wit and Humor\"\". The reprint also features a wood engraving of a clothed wolf on bended knee holding Little Red Riding Hood's hand. In the 20th century, the popularity of the tale appeared to snowball, with many new versions being written and produced, especially in the wake of Freudian analysis, deconstruction and feminist critical theory. (See \"\"Modern uses and adaptations\"\" below.) This trend has also led to a number of academic texts being written that focus on Little Red Riding Hood, including works by Alan Dundes and Jack Zipes. Besides the overt warning about talking to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5386848",
"chunk_text": "\"Howard L. Chace\"\nHoward L. Chace Howard L. Chace was a professor of Romance languages at Miami University, who wrote poems and stories employing homophonic transformation. In 1940, he wrote \"\"Ladle Rat Rotten Hut\"\" to demonstrate that the intonation of spoken English is almost as important to the meaning as the words themselves. It was first published in Gene Sherman's column in the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" in 1953 and in the first issue of \"\"Sports Illustrated\"\" in 1954. In \"\"Ladle Rat Rotten Hut\"\" the classic Little Red Riding Hood tale is told, purposely replacing its usual words with similar-sounding words that are strung",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456846",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nher, her grandmother locked the door to keep it out, and when the wolf lurked, the grandmother had Little Red Riding Hood put a trough under the chimney and fill it with water that sausages had been cooked in; the smell lured the wolf down, and it drowned. The Brothers further revised the story in later editions and it reached the above-mentioned final and better-known version in the 1857 edition of their work. It is notably tamer than the older stories which contained darker themes. Numerous authors have rewritten or adapted this tale. Andrew Lang included a variant called \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13449144",
"chunk_text": "\"Lydia Louisa Anna Very\"\ndesigned \"\"Red Riding Hood\"\", a verse version of the folk tale \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" that was die-cut into the outline shape of the little girl with the wolf crouching by her feet. Published by L. Prang & Co., it was the first book in the United States to be shaped like a person or an animal. Prang followed up with more shaped books (also known as 'Doll books') written by Very, including \"\"Goody Two Shoes\"\" and a verse version of Daniel Defoe's \"\"Robinson Crusoe\"\". Very claimed the shaped-book design was hers and tried but failed to get a patent;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456827",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nor simply \"\"\"\"Red Riding Hood\"\"\"\". It is number 333 in the Aarne–Thompson classification system for folktales. The story revolves around a girl called Little Red Riding Hood. In Grimms' and Perrault's versions of the tale, she is named after her magical red hooded cape/cloak that she wears. The girl walks through the woods to deliver food to her sickly grandmother (wine and cake depending on the translation). In the Grimms' version, her mother had ordered her to stay strictly on the path. A Big Bad Wolf wants to eat the girl and the food in the basket. He secretly stalks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9130920",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nthe biblical story, \"\"Jonah and the Whale\"\". The theme also appears in the story of the life of Saint Margaret, wherein the saint emerges unharmed from the belly of a dragon, and in the epic \"\"The Red Path\"\" by Jim C. Hines. A Taiwanese story from the 16th Century, known as Grandaunt Tiger bears several striking similarities. When the girl's mother goes out, the tiger comes to the girl's house and pretends to be their aunt, asking to come in. The girl says that her voice does not sound right, so the tiger attempts to disguise her voice. Then, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "586258",
"chunk_text": "\"About the Little Red Riding Hood\"\nAbout the Little Red Riding Hood About the Little Red Riding Hood () is a 1977 Soviet two-part musical TV movie based on the ideas of Charles Perrault and directed by Leonid Nechayev The story is a sequel of the tale of Little Red Riding Hood. The film is significant in its treatment of the characters from within the original story. The manner in which the characters of the wolves is portrayed is different from the original story, as the wolves are viewed as human beings throughout the film. They are akin to a family of forest hermits or a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17363330",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Riding Hood (2011 film)\"\nRed Riding Hood (2011 film) Red Riding Hood is a 2011 Canadian romance horror film directed by Catherine Hardwicke, produced by Leonardo DiCaprio and starring Amanda Seyfried as the title role, from a screenplay by David Leslie Johnson. The film is very loosely based on the folk tale \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" collected by both Charles Perrault under the name \"\"Le Petit Chaperon Rouge\"\" (\"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\") and several decades later by the Brothers Grimm as \"\"Rotkäppchen\"\" (\"\"Little Red Cap\"\"). The film met with negative reviews, and grossed over $89 million worldwide. Valerie is a young woman who lives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20986343",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Riding Hoodlum\"\nRed Riding Hoodlum Red Riding Hoodlum is the 74th animated cartoon short subject in the \"\"Woody Woodpecker\"\" series. Released theatrically on February 11, 1957, the film was produced by Walter Lantz Productions and distributed by Universal International, based in fairy tale \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\", by written by Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm. Woody Woodpecker's nephew Knothead and niece Splinter are reading the story of Little Red Riding Hood when Woody sends them on an errand to deliver a basket of goodies to their grandmother's house. They encounter a wolf and soon realize that their trip is occurring just",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18611685",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood (1997 film)\"\nLittle Red Riding Hood (1997 film) Little Red Riding Hood is a 1997 black and white short film based on the traditional children's fairytale \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\". Written and directed by David Kaplan, it features Christina Ricci in the title role. The film bears similarities to some of the earliest versions of the fairytale, including the Italian \"\"La finta nonna\"\" (The False Grandmother). This version of the classic children's story employs elements of black comedy. The black-and-white scenario shows the forest of the tale, and narrator Quentin Crisp is the only voice heard in the film. An androgynous anthropomorphized",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11509542",
"chunk_text": "\"Robin Hood\"\nlegend. In the 19th century the Robin Hood legend was first specifically adapted for children. Children's editions of the garlands were produced and in 1820 a children's edition of Ritson's \"\"Robin Hood\"\" collection. Children's Robin Hood novels began to appear. It is not that children did not read Robin Hood stories before, but this is the first appearance of a Robin Hood literature specifically aimed at them. A very influential example of these children's novels was Pierce Egan the Younger's \"\"Robin Hood and Little John\"\" (1840). This was adapted into French by Alexandre Dumas in \"\"Le Prince des Voleurs\"\" (1872)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14501269",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Rabbit\"\nWolf\"\" (1934) by Walt Disney, and \"\"Little Red Walking Hood\"\" (1937), \"\"Red Hot Riding Hood\"\" (1943), and \"\"Little Rural Riding Hood\"\" (1949) by Tex Avery. Friz Freleng had already directed four fairy-tale films: \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" (1934), \"\"The Miller's Daughter\"\" (1934), \"\"The Trial of Mister Wolf\"\" (1941), and \"\"Jack-Wabbit and the Beanstalk\"\" (1943). He would go on to direct \"\"Red Riding Hoodwinked\"\" (1955). Little Red Riding Rabbit Little Red Riding Rabbit is a 1944 Warner Bros. \"\"Merrie Melodies\"\" cartoon, directed by Friz Freleng, and starring Bugs Bunny. It is a sendup of the Little Red Riding Hood story, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19670746",
"chunk_text": "\"Robin Hood in popular culture\"\nAllinson in 1904. A 'companion' novel to Egan's text was published by J. H. Stocqueler in 1849 entitled \"\"Maid Marian, the Forest Queen; Being a Companion to \"\"Robin Hood\"\"\"\". The first Robin Hood novel written specifically for children appears to be Stephen Percy's \"\"Tales of Robin Hood\"\" (1840). John B. Marsh's children's book \"\"Robin Hood\"\" appeared in 1865, as did a penny dreadful entitled \"\"Little John and Will Scarlet\"\" (1865). The next major novel written was entitled \"\"The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood\"\" by Howard Pyle in 1883. In T.H. White's novel \"\"The Sword in the Stone\"\" (1938, later incorporated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10596391",
"chunk_text": "\"Ludwig Tieck\"\nthe original comes over more strongly in \"\"The Superfluities of Life. A Tale Abridged from Tieck,\"\" which appeared anonymously in \"\"Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine\"\" in February 1845. \"\"The Journey into the Blue Distance\"\" (\"\"Das Alte Buch: oder Reise ins Blaue hinein\"\", 1834). \"\"The Romance of Little Red Riding Hood\"\" (1801) was translated by Jack Zipes and included in his book \"\"The Trials and Tribulations of Little Red Riding Hood.\"\" Tieck's biggest influence was 16th-century Italian poet Torquato Tasso, who is featured in Tieck's novel, \"\"Vittoria Accorombona\"\", as a secondary character. Tieck's Letters have been published at various locations: Ludwig Tieck Johann",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18107706",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Riding Hood (2011 film)\"\nmade available for download online following the release of the film. Some additional songs from the film are not featured on the official soundtrack: Red Riding Hood (2011 film) Red Riding Hood is a 2011 Canadian romance horror film directed by Catherine Hardwicke, produced by Leonardo DiCaprio and starring Amanda Seyfried as the title role, from a screenplay by David Leslie Johnson. The film is very loosely based on the folk tale \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" collected by both Charles Perrault under the name \"\"Le Petit Chaperon Rouge\"\" (\"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\") and several decades later by the Brothers Grimm",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15672350",
"chunk_text": "\"Egbert of Liège\"\nEgbert of Liège Egbert of Liège, in Latin Ecbertus Leodiensis, was an 11th-century educator and author, working at the cathedral school in Liège (in what is now Belgium). His main work, produced around 1023, is an educational collection entitled \"\"Fecunda Ratis\"\" (\"\"The Richly Laden Ship\"\"), divided into two parts, the \"\"Prora\"\" (Prow), containing proverbs and classical and secular stories, and the \"\"Puppis\"\" (Poop) with extracts from biblical and patristic writers. The collection contains the earliest known precursor of the Little Red Riding Hood story. A critical edition of the \"\"Fecunda Ratis\"\" by Ernst Voigt was published in the series \"\"Monumenta",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456831",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nthan after she gets eaten, where the woodcutter kills the wolf with his axe. The tale makes the clearest contrast between the safe world of the village and the dangers of the forest, conventional antitheses that are essentially medieval, though no written versions are as old as that. It also warns about the dangers of not obeying one's mother (at least in Grimms' version). The story displays many similarities to stories from classical Greece and Rome. Scholar Graham Anderson has compared the story to a local legend recounted by Pausanias in which, each year, a virgin girl was offered to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5679376",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Walking Hood\"\nin the corner of the room. Two silhouettes of patrons who are late to the screening show up and the wolf asks Red to wait for them to get seated. They resume fighting until Egghead shows up a sixth time and hits the wolf over the head with a mallet. As the \"\"iris\"\" comes back Egghead is shown repeatedly kissing Red. Little Red Walking Hood Little Red Walking Hood is a 1937 \"\"Merrie Melodies\"\" cartoon supervised by Fred Avery. The cartoon features the basic plot of Little Red Riding Hood, with a few twists and oddball Tex Avery-like gags, such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12456850",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nwill swallow the personified Sun at Ragnarök, or Fenrir. Alternatively, the tale could be about the season of spring or the month of May, escaping the winter. The tale has been interpreted as a puberty rite, stemming from a prehistoric origin (sometimes an origin stemming from a previous matriarchal era). The girl, leaving home, enters a liminal state and by going through the acts of the tale, is transformed into an adult woman by the act of coming out of the wolf's stomach. Bruno Bettelheim, in \"\"The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales\"\" (1976), recast the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9130919",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\nthe North African tradition, namely in Kabylia, where a number of versions are attested. The theme of the little girl who visits her (grand-)dad in his cabin and is recognized by the sound of her bracelets constitutes the refrain of a well-known song by the modern singer Idir, \"\"A Vava Inouva\"\": The theme of the ravening wolf and of the creature released unharmed from its belly is also reflected in the Russian tale \"\"Peter and the Wolf\"\" and another Grimm tale \"\"The Wolf and the Seven Young Kids\"\", but its general theme of restoration is at least as old as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1311175",
"chunk_text": "\"Li'l Red Riding Hood\"\nLi'l Red Riding Hood \"\"Li'l Red Riding Hood\"\" is a 1966 song performed by Sam the Sham and the Pharaohs. It was the group's second top-10 hit, reaching No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 in August 1966 It was kept out of the No. 1 spot by both: Wild Thing by The Troggs and Summer in the City by The Lovin' Spoonful. Outside the US, it peaked at No. 2 on the Canadian RPM Magazine charts. It was certified gold by the RIAA on August 11, 1966. The song is built around Charles Perrault's fairy tale \"\"Little Red Riding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16881413",
"chunk_text": "\"Seymour Barab\"\nSeymour Barab Seymour Barab (January 9, 1921 – died June 28, 2014) was an American composer of opera, songs and instrumental and chamber music, as well as a cellist, organist and pianist. He was best known for his fairy tale operas for young audiences, such as \"\"Chanticleer\"\" and \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\". He was a longtime member of the Philip Glass Ensemble. Barab was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Samuel Barab and Leah Yablunky. Both of Barab's parents were Polish immigrants, who emigrated separately and met in the United States. His older brother, Abraham (b. 1913), later changed his name",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5685810",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary Mazzio\"\nAward winners Gabriel Osorio Vargas and Pato Escala Pierart from Punkrobot, and written by 10 survivors of sex trafficking (aged 14–21) along with Alec Sokolow (Academy Award nominated writer of Toy Story) and Mary Mazzio, is a contemporary re-imagining of the classic fairy tale, Little Red Riding Hood. I AM LITTLE RED addresses the four tactics a \"\"wolf\"\" (trafficker/pimp) will use to lure Little Reds off their path. Mary Mazzio Mary Mazzio is an American documentary filmmaker, attorney, and a rower for the United States in the 1992 Olympics. She founded the independent film company 50 Eggs. Mazzio received a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17516284",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Rural Riding Hood\"\nLittle Rural Riding Hood Little Rural Riding Hood is a 1949 animated cartoon short subject directed by Tex Avery, conceived as a follow-up to his 1943 cartoon \"\"Red Hot Riding Hood\"\". In 1994, the cartoon was ranked in 23rd place of The 50 Greatest Cartoons. It is essentially a retelling of the Aesop fable, \"\"The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse\"\". The film opens with a stereotypical hillbilly version of Little Red Riding Hood (voiced by Colleen Collins), telling the audience that she's taking \"\"nourishment\"\" (as she holds up a cliché moonshine bottle) to her grandma, who lives on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20773004",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Riding Hood (Pinkney book)\"\nLittle Red Riding Hood (Pinkney book) Little Red Riding Hood is a 2007 children's picture book of the Brothers Grimm classic fairy tale adapted by Jerry Pinkney. Common Sense Media in its review of \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\", wrote \"\"His artwork alone brings an amazing depth to this classic tale, which in his telling goes beyond the expected. He brings a multicultural sensitivity to a story that has long been part of a European tradition. And his language is poetic and captivating.\"\" and \"\" If you want to own one version of Little Red Riding Hood other than the original,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4248554",
"chunk_text": "\"Li'l Red Riding Hood\"\njust above is widely attributed to Ronald Blackwell. There seems to be no controversy (although various titles are occasionally used) that one with a similar title was earlier written and recorded by the Big Bopper, and released as \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" (N.B.: with \"\"little\"\" spelled out) late in 1958 as the B-side of his second hit. The searchable sites with its complete lyrics as text seem to constitute no more than a handful, but a recording, purported to be of his voice and thus presumably as being authoritative as to lyrics, exists online. Though related in concept to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19620583",
"chunk_text": "\"About the Little Red Riding Hood\"\nso they can repent. The people from the village now learn of the trouble and come to Little Red Riding Hood's aid. They intend to hurt the wolves, but Little Red does not wish them any harm. She allows the wolves to flee. The actress playing the main role of Little Red Riding Hood was a laureate USSR State Prize in literature and arts in 1978 for her acting in this film. About the Little Red Riding Hood About the Little Red Riding Hood () is a 1977 Soviet two-part musical TV movie based on the ideas of Charles Perrault",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1572554",
"chunk_text": "\"Caperucita Roja (tal como se lo contaron a Jorge)\"\nCaperucita Roja (tal como se lo contaron a Jorge) Caperucita Roja (tal como se lo contaron a Jorge) [Little Red Riding Hood (as was told to Jorge)] is a book written by Luis Pescetti, Argentine writer and musician. This book is an adaptation of the traditional tale of Little Red Riding Hood. It is the shortest of all of the books written by Luis Pescetti (32 pages, in a small book, and most are illustrations), and it took the least amount of time to write (½ hour). It was published by Alfaguara in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1996; illustrated by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15841924",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Kjelgaard\"\nJim Kjelgaard James Arthur Kjelgaard (December 6, 1910 – July 12, 1959) was an American author of young adult literature. Kjelgaard was born in New York City, New York. Kjelgaard wrote more than 40 novels, the most famous of which is 1945's \"\"Big Red\"\". It sold 225,000 copies by 1956 and was made into a 1962 Walt Disney film of the same name. His books were primarily about dogs and wild animals, often with animal protagonists and told from the animal's point of view. Kjelgaard also wrote short fiction for several magazines, including \"\"The Saturday Evening Post\"\", \"\"Argosy\"\", and \"\"Adventure\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5758653",
"chunk_text": "\"Lon Po Po\"\nLon Po Po Lon Po Po: A Red-Riding Hood Story from China is a children's picture book translated and illustrated by Ed Young. It was published by Philomel (Penguin Young Readers Group) in 1989. Young won the 1990 Caldecott Medal for the books illustrations. The story is a Chinese version of the popular children's fable \"\"Little Red Riding Hood\"\" as retold by Young. Contrary to the original fable, in which there is only one child (little Red Riding Hood) who interacts with the nemesis of the story (the wolf), Lon Po Po has three children. It is written from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14361456",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Red Walking Hood\"\nLittle Red Walking Hood Little Red Walking Hood is a 1937 \"\"Merrie Melodies\"\" cartoon supervised by Fred Avery. The cartoon features the basic plot of Little Red Riding Hood, with a few twists and oddball Tex Avery-like gags, such as Red displaying a Katharine Hepburn persona, or Grandma ordering a case of gin, while the wolf waits impatiently for her to get off the phone so he can chase her again. The cartoon opens with the wolf playing on a vintage pinball machine. He notices Red walking by outside the window and drives after her along the sidewalk in his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12224412",
"chunk_text": "\"Brothers Grimm\"\nbedside table of Little Red Riding Hood's grandmother. The first volume was published in 1812 with 86 folk tales, and a second volume with 70 additional tales was published late in 1814 (dated 1815 on the title page); together, the two volumes and their 156 tales are considered the first of the Large (annotated) editions. A second expanded edition with 170 tales was published in 1819, followed in 1822 by a volume of scholarly commentary and annotations. Five more Large editions were published in 1837, 1840, 1843, 1850, and 1857. The seventh and final edition of 1857 contained 211 tales—200",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "21009061",
"chunk_text": "\"Clifton Johnson (author)\"\nthe Little Red Riding Hood, the wolf is killed by grandma with an axe and Little Red Riding Hood is not harmed. His \"\"Mother Goose Tales My Children Love Best\"\" (1917) omits some harsh sentiments and are supplanted with rhymes that seem to have come from the New England folklore. Despite these changes and differences, Carl Withers found “his versions sound more like oral, rather than literary narratives,” and even though “[p]resent standards regarding anthologies and the simplification of great literature and folktales for the children’s book market are different from his (but only rarely better.)” An avid photographer, Johnson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10524722",
"chunk_text": "\"Leonid Nechayev\"\naged 70, following a stroke. Leonid Nechayev Leonid Alexeyevich Nechayev (; 3 May 1939 – 24 January 2010) was a Russian children's film director. Nechayev's career as director was launched in 1974 with a film called \"\"The Adventure in a Town That Doesn't Exist\"\". He was also the creator of the popular musical fairy tales \"\"About The Little Red Riding Hood\"\" and \"\"The Adventures of Buratino\"\". He was a prolific director at the studio Belarusfilm, where he worked for 17 years and shot 10 films. The Minsk Museum of Cinema has a hall exclusively dedicated to his creative legacy. Nechayev",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9330453",
"chunk_text": "\"Leonid Nechayev\"\nLeonid Nechayev Leonid Alexeyevich Nechayev (; 3 May 1939 – 24 January 2010) was a Russian children's film director. Nechayev's career as director was launched in 1974 with a film called \"\"The Adventure in a Town That Doesn't Exist\"\". He was also the creator of the popular musical fairy tales \"\"About The Little Red Riding Hood\"\" and \"\"The Adventures of Buratino\"\". He was a prolific director at the studio Belarusfilm, where he worked for 17 years and shot 10 films. The Minsk Museum of Cinema has a hall exclusively dedicated to his creative legacy. Nechayev died on January 24, 2010,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_436
|
what are the four main types of precipitation?
|
n/a
|
[
"sleet",
"hail",
"graupel",
"snow",
"drizzle",
"rain"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671872",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nmeans the globally averaged annual precipitation is . Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12485980",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nPrecipitation types In meteorology, the various types of precipitation often include the character or phase of the precipitation which is falling to ground level. There are three distinct ways that precipitation can occur. Convective precipitation is generally more intense, and of shorter duration, than stratiform precipitation. Orographic precipitation occurs when moist air is forced upwards over rising terrain, such as a mountain. Precipitation can fall in either liquid or solid phases, or transition between them at the freezing level. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle which freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass gains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20674280",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nof temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert. Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between . A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671868",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nPrecipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"\"precipitates\"\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "41519",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nthe preceding adjective \"\"freezing\"\", becoming known as freezing rain or freezing drizzle. Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, sleet, hail, and graupel. Their respective intensities are classified either by rate of fall, or by visibility restriction. Precipitation falls in many forms, or phases. They can be subdivided into: The parenthesized letters are the METAR codes for each phenomenon. Precipitation occurs when local air becomes saturated with water vapor, and can no longer maintain the level of water vapor in gaseous form. This occurs when less dense moist air cools, usually when an airmass rises through the atmosphere. However,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15464794",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nHeavy snowfall describes conditions when visibility is restricted below . Precipitation types In meteorology, the various types of precipitation often include the character or phase of the precipitation which is falling to ground level. There are three distinct ways that precipitation can occur. Convective precipitation is generally more intense, and of shorter duration, than stratiform precipitation. Orographic precipitation occurs when moist air is forced upwards over rising terrain, such as a mountain. Precipitation can fall in either liquid or solid phases, or transition between them at the freezing level. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20110312",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nspecific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast. Precipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "41521",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nand in turn leading to significant evaporation. Convective rain and light precipitation are the result of convective clouds, for example cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. In the initial stages of this precipitation, it generally falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited vertical and horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform and convective precipitation often both occur within the same complex of convection-generated cumulonimbus. Graupel and hail indicate convection; when either are present at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12915230",
"chunk_text": "Drought\nthat can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation over a longer duration. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Droughts occur mainly in areas where normal levels of rainfall are, in themselves, low. If these factors do not support precipitation volumes sufficiently to reach the surface over a sufficient time, the result is a drought. Drought can be triggered by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12489432",
"chunk_text": "Climate\nmost commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. These primary types are A) tropical, B) dry, C) mild mid-latitude, D) cold mid-latitude, and E) polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rainforest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, desert, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, and polar ice cap. Rainforests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between and . Mean monthly temperatures exceed during all months of the year. A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671874",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nis a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. It can also form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions. There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915116",
"chunk_text": "Rain\nalso produced anthropogenically by the combustion of fossil fuels and from power plants. In the past 20 years the concentrations of nitric and sulfuric acid has decreased in presence of rainwater, which may be due to the significant increase in ammonium (most likely as ammonia from livestock production), which acts as a buffer in acid rain and raises the pH. The Köppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15464790",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nbut usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Orographic or relief rainfall is caused when masses of air are forced up the side of elevated land formations, such as large mountains (often referred to as an upslope effect). The lift of the air up the side of the mountain results in adiabatic cooling, and ultimately condensation and precipitation. In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on the windward side of a mountain than on the leeward (downwind) side. Moisture is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671873",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\ndrizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"\"freezing rain\"\" or \"\"freezing drizzle\"\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel. The dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated, and (unless super-saturation occurs) condenses to water. Water vapor normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds. An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus. Stratus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16043360",
"chunk_text": "Rain\nRain Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then become heavy enough to fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. It provides suitable conditions for many types of ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation. The major cause of rain production is moisture moving along three-dimensional zones of temperature and moisture contrasts known as weather fronts. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15464792",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nrainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover. On the island of Oahu, clouds and often rain can usually be observed around the windward mountain peaks, while the southern parts of the island (including most of Honolulu and Waikiki) receive dramatically less rainfall throughout the year. In South America, the Andes mountain range blocks Pacific Ocean moisture that arrives on the continent, resulting in a desert-like climate just downwind across western Argentina. The Sierra Nevada range creates the same effect in North America, causing the Great Basin Desert, Mojave Desert, and Sonoran Desert. Precipitation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1538031",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nA wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow. Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12485986",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nlight rain and drizzle due to the fact that, after the warm air rises above the cooler air (which remains on the ground), it gradually cools due to the air's expansion while being lifted, which forms clouds and leads to precipitation. Cold fronts occur when a mass of cooler air dislodges a mass of warm air. This type of transition is sharper, since cold air is more dense than warm air. Precipitation duration is often shorter and generally more intense than that which occurs ahead of warm fronts. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1538020",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nleeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. Most precipitation occurs within the tropics and is caused by convection. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes. Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately of water falls as precipitation each year; of it over the oceans and over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is , but over land it is only",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "41520",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nan airmass can also cool (e.g. through radiative cooling, or ground contact with cold terrain) without a change in altitude. \"\"Convective\"\" precipitation occurs when air rises vertically through the (temporarily) self-sustaining mechanism of convection. \"\"Stratiform\"\" precipitation occurs when large air masses rise diagonally as larger-scale atmospheric dynamics force them to move over each other. \"\"Orographic\"\" precipitation is similar, except the upwards motion is forced when a moving airmass encounters the rising slope of a landform such as a mountain ridge. Convection occurs when the Earth's surface, especially within a conditionally unstable or moist atmosphere, becomes heated more than its surroundings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10626637",
"chunk_text": "Water\n47 Tt per year. Over land, evaporation and transpiration contribute another 72 Tt per year. Precipitation, at a rate of 119 Tt per year over land, has several forms: most commonly rain, snow, and hail, with some contribution from fog and dew. Dew is small drops of water that are condensed when a high density of water vapor meets a cool surface. Dew usually forms in the morning when the temperature is the lowest, just before sunrise and when the temperature of the earth's surface starts to increase. Condensed water in the air may also refract sunlight to produce rainbows.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1725609",
"chunk_text": "\"Droughts in the United States\"\nintense precipitation over a longer duration. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. If these factors do not support precipitation volumes sufficient to reach the surface over a sufficient period of time, the result is a drought. Drought can be triggered by a high level of reflected sunlight and above average prevalence of high pressure systems, winds carrying continental, rather than oceanic air masses, and ridges of high pressure areas aloft can prevent or restrict the developing of thunderstorm activity or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12485984",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nthe surface, it is indicative that some form of precipitation is extant at the freezing level, a varying point in the atmosphere in which the temperature is 0°C. In mid-latitude regions, convective precipitation is often associated with cold fronts where as it is often found behind the front, occasionally initiating a squall line. Frontal precipitation is the result of frontal systems surrounding extratropical cyclones or lows, which form when warm and tropical air meets cooler air. Frontal precipitation typically falls out of nimbostratus clouds. When masses of air with different densities (moisture and temperature characteristics) meet, the less dense warmer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20674264",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nlocal weather office will likely be interested in the measurement. A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor. Any particulates of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors. Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors. All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors, as are hail and snow. Although surface precipitation gauges are considered the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1538021",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\n. Climate classification systems such as the Köppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes. Precipitation may occur on other celestial bodies, e.g. when it gets cold, Mars has precipitation which most likely takes the form of frost, rather than rain or snow. Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 km (121,000 mi) of water falls as precipitation each year, 398,000 km (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans. Given the Earth's surface area, that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267333",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth rainfall climatology\"\ntrough, is the wettest portion of the world's continents. Annually, the rain belt within the tropics marches northward by August, then moves back southward into the Southern Hemisphere by February and March. The Köppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17515110",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nas convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts. Orographic precipitation occurs on the windward side of mountains and is caused by the rising air motion of a large-scale flow of moist air across the mountain ridge, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation. In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14759442",
"chunk_text": "\"Basic precipitation\"\nBasic precipitation Basic precipitation or Alkaline precipitation occurs when either calcium oxide or sodium hydroxide is emitted into the atmosphere, absorbed by water droplets in clouds, and then falls as rain, snow, or sleet. Precipitation containing these compounds can increase the pH of soil or bodies of water and lead to increased fungal growth. The principal cause of basic rain is emissions from factories and waste deposits. Mineral dust containing large amounts of alkaline compounds such as calcium carbonate can also increase the pH of precipitation and contribute to basic rain. Basic rain can be viewed as opposite to acid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17516869",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nhigh precipitation on the southern side and lower precipitation levels on the northern side. Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds. When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915145",
"chunk_text": "Rain\niron rain. Rain Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then become heavy enough to fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. It provides suitable conditions for many types of ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation. The major cause of rain production is moisture moving along three-dimensional zones of temperature and moisture contrasts known as weather fronts. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671869",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nother rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"\"showers.\"\" Moisture that is lifted or otherwise forced to rise over a layer of sub-freezing air at the surface may be condensed into clouds and rain. This process is typically active when freezing rain occurs. A stationary front is often present near the area of freezing rain and serves as the foci for forcing and rising air. Provided necessary and sufficient atmospheric moisture content, the moisture within the rising air will condense into clouds, namely stratus and cumulonimbus. Eventually, the cloud",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915099",
"chunk_text": "Rain\nan occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. What separates rainfall from other precipitation types, such as ice pellets and snow, is the presence of a thick layer of air aloft which is above the melting point of water, which melts the frozen precipitation well before it reaches the ground. If there is a shallow near surface layer that is below freezing, freezing rain (rain which freezes on contact with surfaces in subfreezing environments) will result. Hail becomes an increasingly infrequent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8448511",
"chunk_text": "Erosion\npractices that can curtail or limit erosion of vulnerable soils. Rainfall, and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion: \"\"splash erosion\"\", \"\"sheet erosion\"\", \"\"rill erosion\"\", and \"\"gully erosion\"\". Splash erosion is generally seen as the first and least severe stage in the soil erosion process, which is followed by sheet erosion, then rill erosion and finally gully erosion (the most severe of the four). In \"\"splash erosion\"\", the impact of a falling raindrop creates a small crater in the soil, ejecting soil particles. The distance these soil particles travel can be as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17041341",
"chunk_text": "Thunderstorm\nare responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena. Thunderstorms, and the phenomena that occur along with them, pose great hazards. Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds, large hailstones, and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation. Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts. There are four types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multi-cell cluster, multi-cell lines, and supercells. Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and most severe. Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropics can be responsible for the development of hurricanes. Dry thunderstorms, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915117",
"chunk_text": "Rain\nmid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert. Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between . A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes, with rainfall between a year. They are widespread on Africa, and are also found in India, the northern parts of South America, Malaysia,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5078392",
"chunk_text": "\"Mesoscale convective system\"\nof their annual warm season rainfall. There are four main types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multi-cell, squall line (also called multi-cell line) and supercell. Which type forms depends on the instability and relative wind conditions at different layers of the atmosphere (\"\"wind shear\"\"). Single-cell thunderstorms form in environments of low vertical wind shear and last only 20–30 minutes. Organized thunderstorms and thunderstorm clusters/lines can have longer life cycles as they form in environments of sufficient moisture, significant vertical wind shear (normally greater than in the lowest of the troposphere)), which aids the development of stronger updrafts as well as various forms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20674282",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nwest coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year-round. The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. A steppe is a dry grassland. Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation. Precipitation, especially rain, has a dramatic effect on agriculture. All plants",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15464788",
"chunk_text": "\"Precipitation types\"\nair overrides more dense and colder air. The warmer air is forced to rise and if conditions are right, and furthermore creates an effect of saturation, causing precipitation. In turn, precipitation can enhance the temperature and dewpoint contrast along a frontal boundary. Passing weather fronts often result in sudden changes in environmental temperature, and in turn the humidity and pressure in the air at ground level. Warm fronts occur where warm air pushes out a previously extant cold air mass. The warm air overrides the cooler air and moves upward dud . Warm fronts are followed by extended periods of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14759444",
"chunk_text": "\"Basic precipitation\"\nrainwater (save nearest the industrial complex) was all tested to be basic and having an abundance of calcium cations. This brings attention to the fact that the aerosol is spreading and causing this increase in alkaline precipitation. If no action is taken against these calcium derived aerosols then there could be detrimental damage done to the environment. Basic precipitation Basic precipitation or Alkaline precipitation occurs when either calcium oxide or sodium hydroxide is emitted into the atmosphere, absorbed by water droplets in clouds, and then falls as rain, snow, or sleet. Precipitation containing these compounds can increase the pH of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16901538",
"chunk_text": "\"Meteoric water\"\nMeteoric water Meteoric water is the water derived from precipitation (snow and rain). This includes water from lakes, rivers, and icemelts, which all originate from precipitation indirectly. While the bulk of rainwater or meltwater from snow and ice reaches the sea through surface flow, a considerable portion of meteoric water gradually infiltrates into the ground. This infiltrating water continues its downward journey to the zone of saturation to become a part of the groundwater in aquifers. Most groundwater is meteoric water. Other forms normally do not play a significant role in the hydrologic cycle. Non-meteoric forms of groundwater are connate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17515101",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nor wet land, transpiration from plants, cool or dry air moving over warmer water, and lifting air over mountains. Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915100",
"chunk_text": "Rain\noccurrence when the freezing level within the atmosphere exceeds above ground level. Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds (e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus). It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts. Orographic precipitation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267329",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth rainfall climatology\"\ncities. Global warming may also cause changes in the precipitation pattern globally, including wetter conditions at high latitudes and in some wet tropical areas, and drier conditions in parts of the subtropics and middle latitudes. Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the planet. Approximately of water falls as precipitation each year; of it over the oceans. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is . Climate classification systems such as the Köppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16901540",
"chunk_text": "\"Meteoric water\"\nas meteorology. The term is from a Greek word which originally referred to astronomical discussions. However, after the publication of Aristotle's book \"\"Meteorology,\"\" which discussed what we today call earth sciences, the term was eventually used to describe any notable changes appearing in the sky (including meteors, originally thought to be weather phenomena). Meteoric water Meteoric water is the water derived from precipitation (snow and rain). This includes water from lakes, rivers, and icemelts, which all originate from precipitation indirectly. While the bulk of rainwater or meltwater from snow and ice reaches the sea through surface flow, a considerable portion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17516890",
"chunk_text": "Precipitation\nto estimate precipitation from the IR data. The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz to a few hundred GHz. Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5553691",
"chunk_text": "\"Surface runoff\"\nfour main types of soil erosion by water: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion and gully erosion. Splash erosion is the result of mechanical collision of raindrops with the soil surface: soil particles which are dislodged by the impact then move with the surface runoff. Sheet erosion is the overland transport of sediment by runoff without a well defined channel. Soil surface roughness causes may cause runoff to become concentrated into narrower flow paths: as these incise, the small but well-defined channels which are formed are known as rills. These channels can be as small as one centimeter wide or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7605485",
"chunk_text": "Hydrology\nand especially geographic information systems (GIS). (See also GIS and hydrology) The central theme of hydrology is that water circulates throughout the Earth through different pathways and at different rates. The most vivid image of this is in the evaporation of water from the ocean, which forms clouds. These clouds drift over the land and produce rain. The rainwater flows into lakes, rivers, or aquifers. The water in lakes, rivers, and aquifers then either evaporates back to the atmosphere or eventually flows back to the ocean, completing a cycle. Water changes its state of being several times throughout this cycle.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915115",
"chunk_text": "Rain\nthe Atlantic Ocean typically has a pH of 5.0–5.6; rain that comes across the continental from the west has a pH of 3.8–4.8; and local thunderstorms can have a pH as low as 2.0. Rain becomes acidic primarily due to the presence of two strong acids, sulfuric acid (HSO) and nitric acid (HNO). Sulfuric acid is derived from natural sources such as volcanoes, and wetlands (sulfate reducing bacteria); and anthropogenic sources such as the combustion of fossil fuels, and mining where HS is present. Nitric acid is produced by natural sources such as lightning, soil bacteria, and natural fires; while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16701926",
"chunk_text": "\"Water vapor\"\n2.cooling with upliftment of air known as adiabatic cooling. there are 4 types of upliftment of air: a. orographic upliftment- mountains work as barrier for upliftment of air b. convectional upliftment- upliftment of air due to pressure difference c. frontal upliftment- upliftment of air due to temp difference d. cyclonic upliftment but not related to temp 3.advective cooling- cooling due to horizontal movement of air. A number of chemical reactions have water as a product. If the reactions take place at temperatures higher than the dew point of the surrounding air the water will be formed as vapor and increase",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4686828",
"chunk_text": "\"Rain and snow mixed\"\nRain and snow mixed Rain and snow mixed is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. Unlike ice pellets, which are hard, and freezing rain, which is fluid until striking an object, this precipitation is soft and translucent, but it contains some traces of ice crystals, from partially fused snowflakes. In any one location, it usually occurs briefly as a transition phase from rain to snow or vice versa. Its METAR code is RASN. This precipitation type is commonly known as sleet in most Commonwealth countries, including Canada. However, the United States National Weather Service uses the term sleet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_437
|
who won the men's ice skating 2018?
|
n/a
|
[
"Yuzuru Hanyu"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638827",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 16 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 16 February and the free skating was held on 17 February. This medal event was the 1000th medal event in the history of the Winter Olympic Games. With his victory at the 2018 Winter Olympics, Yuzuru Hanyu became the first male figure skater to win two consecutive gold medals after Dick Button, who did so in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638828",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\n1952. Fellow countryman Shoma Uno won the silver medal, and Spain's Javier Fernández won the bronze medal. Fernández won Spain's first figure skating medal and fourth medal at the Winter Olympics. After the short program, Hanyu, Fernández, Uno, and Jin Boyang were first, second, third, and fourth respectively. Nathan Chen, originally one of the favorites for the podium, skated an uncharacteristically poor short program that placed him at 17th, but fought back to win the free skating with a score of 215.08--8.91 points above the second place free skating by Hanyu. He ended up fifth overall. In the free program,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638829",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nJin Boyang overtook Chen by less than a point overall, and placed fourth. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tsunekazu Takeda, member of the International Olympic Committee, accompanied by Alexander Lakernik, ISU Figure Skating Vice President. Vincent Zhou landed the first quadruple lutz at the Olympics. Nathan Chen became the first to ever land six quads, five clean. He also landed the first quadruple flip at the Olympics. With these jumps he holds the new record for highest free skating technical score. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17067563",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament\"\nand Slovakia-based Tipsport liga's 14-day break. Conversely, Finland-based SM-liiga did not accommodate a break, but allowed its top players to leave the clubs and participate in the Olympic Games. The Russian national team, competing under the name of the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR), won the gold medal, defeating the German national team with a score of 4-3 in overtime in the final. Canada, Russia, Sweden, Finland, United States, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Slovakia qualified as the top eight teams in the IIHF World Ranking in 2015. South Korea qualified as host team. To field a competitive team, the South",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347461",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 20 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short ice dance was held on 19 February and the free ice dance was held on 20 February. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir scored 83.67 in the short dance, breaking their own world record. Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron finished in second place, 1.74 points behind Virtue/Moir. Madison Hubbell and Zachary Donohue finished in third place, and Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638831",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nwas held on 16 February 2018. The free skating was held on 17 February 2018. The skaters were ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 16 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 16 February and the free skating was held on 17 February. This medal event was the 1000th medal event in the history of the Winter Olympic Games. With his victory at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096706",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1000 metres\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1000 metres The men's 1000 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. Samuel Girard won gold, John-Henry Krueger took the silver medal, and Seo Yi-ra won bronze. For all of them, this was their first Olympic medal. Charles Hamelin set an Olympic record in the heats but was disqualified in semifinals. In Final A, Sándor Liu Shaolin, trying to pass from the inside, interfered with one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096715",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay The Men’s 5000 metre relay in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The race was won by Hungary, who upset perennial powerhouses Canada, South Korea and China to claim Hungary's first ever Winter Olympics gold medal. Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows. Two Olympic records were set during the competition. The semifinals were held on 13 February. The final",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333218",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot became Olympic champions after finishing fourth in the short program and setting a record with their score in the free program. Sui Wenjing and Han Cong, leading after the short program, made a couple of mistakes in the free program and won silver. Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799753",
"chunk_text": "\"Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nLuge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 10 and 11 February 2018 at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event was won by David Gleirscher, who became the first Austrian to win men's luge since 1968. Chris Mazdzer won the silver medal, whereas Johannes Ludwig won the bronze. For all of them, this was the first Olympic medal, and the Mazdzer's medal is the first ever medal for the United States in men's luge. This is the first time since 1988 than none of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "439697",
"chunk_text": "\"Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nruns, split over two days, were used to determine the winner. Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 10 and 11 February 2018 at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event was won by David Gleirscher, who became the first Austrian to win men's luge since 1968. Chris Mazdzer won the silver medal, whereas Johannes Ludwig won the bronze. For all of them, this was the first Olympic medal, and the Mazdzer's medal is the first ever medal for the United States in men's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095507",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nplaces from the short program to finish in 5th place overall. In March at the 2018 World Figure Skating Championships in Milan, Chen placed first in both the short (101.94) and free (219.46) programs. He again attempted and landed six quads in the free program, winning the 2018 world champion title with a total score of 321.40 points and becoming the second skater to have ever broken 320 points after Yuzuru Hanyu. Chen becomes the first U.S. men's world champion since Evan Lysacek in 2009 and the 10th in history, joining the group of great world champions from the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12238021",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Radford\"\nEric Radford Eric Radford (born January 27, 1985) is a Canadian pair skater. With partner Meagan Duhamel, he is a two-time world champion (2015, 2016), a 2018 Olympic gold medalist in the team event, a 2014 Olympic silver medalist in the team event, a 2018 Olympic bronze medalist in the pairs event, a two-time Four Continents champion (2013, 2015), the 2014–15 Grand Prix Final champion, and a seven-time Canadian national champion (2012–18). He is the first openly gay man to have won a gold medal at any Winter Olympics. During the 2014 Olympics, Duhamel and Radford became the first pair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096716",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay\"\nwas held on 22 February. Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay The Men’s 5000 metre relay in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The race was won by Hungary, who upset perennial powerhouses Canada, South Korea and China to claim Hungary's first ever Winter Olympics gold medal. Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows. Two Olympic records were set during the competition. The semifinals were held",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5773171",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres The men's 1500 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 13 February 2018 at the Gangneung Oval in Gangneung. Kjeld Nuis posted a time 0.06 seconds short of the Olympic record and won the gold medal. Patrick Roest won silver, and Kim Min-seok bronze, becoming the first Asian athlete to ever medal in this event. For all three of them, it was their first Olympic race and first Olympic medal. The defending champion Zbigniew Bródka, as well as the 2014 silver, Koen Verweij, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095514",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nISU Championships.\"\" ! colspan=\"\"3\"\" style=\"\"border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;\"\" |World Record Holders Nathan Chen Nathan Chen (born May 5, 1999) is an American figure skater who competes in the men's singles discipline. He is the 2018 World champion, the 2018 Winter Olympic bronze medalist in the team event, the 2017 Four Continents champion, a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2017, 2018), and a two-time U.S. national champion (2017, 2018). Chen is the first and currently only skater competing with five quadruple jumps: toe loop, salchow, loop, flip and lutz. Nathan Chen was born in Salt Lake City, Utah and he has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16199605",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice dance\"\nOksana Domnina and Maxim Shabalin won bronze, but it was the first time Europeans had not won a gold medal in the history of ice dance at the Olympics. The U.S. began to dominate international competitions in ice dance at the turn of the 21st century; at the 2014 Olympics in Sochi, Davis and White won the Olympics gold medal. In 2018, at the Olympics in PyeongChang, Virtue and Moir became the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history after winning the gold medal there. Skaters must only execute the prescribed elements; if they do not, the extra or unprescribed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19323556",
"chunk_text": "\"Single skating\"\nduration, across all disciplines, is 4 minutes for senior skaters and teams, and 3 1/2 minutes for junior skaters.<ref name=\"\"S&P/ID2018-79\"\">S&P/ID 2018, p. 79</ref> Russian skater Mikhail Kolyada holds the highest single men's free skating program score of 177.55, which he earned at the 2018 CS Ondrej Nepela Trophy. Alina Zagitova, also from Russia, holds the highest single women's free skating score of 158.50, which she earned at the 2018 CS Nebelhorn Trophy. According to the ISU, free skating \"\"consists of a well balanced program of Free Skating elements, such as jumps, spins, steps and other linking movements\"\". A well-balanced free",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095504",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nevery time I pressed into it for sal(chow), toe and even flip, it would catch into the ice way harder than I was used to.\"\" With two victories, Chen earned the top qualifying spot for the Grand Prix Final. At the Final in Nagoya, Chen took the lead in the short program and the competition over Shoma Uno of Japan and Mikhail Kolyada of Russia to win his first Grand Prix Final title. He became the third American in history to win the Final, the first since Evan Lysacek in 2009. At the 2018 U.S. Championships in San Jose, California,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1965133",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres The men's 10,000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 15 February 2018 at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung, South Korea. The event was won by Ted-Jan Bloemen, the world record holder at this distance. Defending champion Jorrit Bergsma was second, and Nicola Tumolero won the bronze medal. During the competition, first Bergsma and then Bloemen set Olympic records. This was the first skating event at the 2018 Olympics not won by a Dutch skater. For Tumolero, this was his first Olympic medal; for Bloemen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20505084",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Gogolev\"\nStephen Gogolev Stephen Gogolev (born December 22, 2004) is a Canadian figure skater. In international competition, he is the 2018–19 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, having also won the 2018 JGP Slovakia. Competing domestically, he is the 2017 Canadian national junior champion, the 2016 Canadian national novice champion, and the 2014-15 Canadian national pre-novice champion. Gogolev has set five junior world record scores, and currently holds the junior world records for the men's free skate and total score. He also holds the Canadian record scores for pre-novice, novice, and junior men. Gogolev is a member of Skate Canada's NextGen Team.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10237576",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nChinese athlete competing in men's single skating in Olympic history so far. At the 2018 World Championships, he placed fourth in the short program but dropped to 19th overall after ranking 23rd in the free skate. \"\"GP: Grand Prix\"\"; \"\"CS: Challenger Series\"\"; \"\"JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\" \"\"Small medals for short and free programs are awarded only at ISU Championships. At team events, medals are awarded for team results only.\"\" Jin Boyang Jin Boyang (; ; born October 3, 1997) is a Chinese figure skater. He is a two-time World bronze medalist (2016–2017), the 2018 Four Continentschampion, the 2017 Asian Winter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20505093",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Gogolev\"\n#78FF78;\"\" |World Junior Record Holders Stephen Gogolev Stephen Gogolev (born December 22, 2004) is a Canadian figure skater. In international competition, he is the 2018–19 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, having also won the 2018 JGP Slovakia. Competing domestically, he is the 2017 Canadian national junior champion, the 2016 Canadian national novice champion, and the 2014-15 Canadian national pre-novice champion. Gogolev has set five junior world record scores, and currently holds the junior world records for the men's free skate and total score. He also holds the Canadian record scores for pre-novice, novice, and junior men. Gogolev is a member",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16555737",
"chunk_text": "\"Single skating\"\ncompetitions for the Olympic Winter Games, and ISU Grand Prix events for both junior and senior-level skaters (including the finals).<ref name=\"\"S&P/ID2018-9\"\">S&P/ID 2018, p. 9</ref> The short program must be skated before the free skate, the second component in competitions. The short program lasts, for both senior and junior singles and pairs, 2 minutes and 40 seconds.<ref name=\"\"S&P/ID2018-78\"\">S&P/ID 2018, p. 78</ref> Vocal music with lyrics has been allowed in single skating and in all disciplines since the 2014-2015 season. Yuzuru Hanyu from Japan holds the highest single men's short program score of 112.72 points, which he earned at the 2017 CS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095487",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nNathan Chen Nathan Chen (born May 5, 1999) is an American figure skater who competes in the men's singles discipline. He is the 2018 World champion, the 2018 Winter Olympic bronze medalist in the team event, the 2017 Four Continents champion, a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2017, 2018), and a two-time U.S. national champion (2017, 2018). Chen is the first and currently only skater competing with five quadruple jumps: toe loop, salchow, loop, flip and lutz. Nathan Chen was born in Salt Lake City, Utah and he has four older siblings. He attended West High School in Salt Lake",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15534530",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Skate America\"\na quad Salchow. Rippon had some pain in his right shoulder after falling on a quad Lutz but was able to continue. Jin skated on two sprained ankles, but still achieved a free skate score and placement high enough to qualify for the Grand Prix final. Chen finished first overall by 9.43 points, Rippon won silver, and Voronov took bronze, with Rafael Arutyunyan coaching the top two. Miyahara placed first in the short program, Sakamoto was second with a 1.32-point deficit, and Daleman third. Miyahara, first in the free skate, won gold with a 3.44-point margin over Sakamoto, who won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18754826",
"chunk_text": "\"Free skating\"\nwas allowed at the Olympics was in 2018. According to figure skating historian James R. Hines, \"\"free skating has been a part of competition throughout the history\"\" of the ISU. Free skating, which became more important and popular after World War II, was developed when skaters connected individual compulsory figures into a cohesive program. The free skate, along with compulsory figures, were segments in competitions until 1973, when the short program was added. Japanese skater Yuzuru Hanyu holds the highest single men's free skating program score of 190.43, which he earned at the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki. Alina Zagitova",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19347923",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nJin Boyang Jin Boyang (; ; born October 3, 1997) is a Chinese figure skater. He is a two-time World bronze medalist (2016–2017), the 2018 Four Continentschampion, the 2017 Asian Winter Games silver medalist, and a four-time (2014–2017) Chinese national champion. He is the first Chinese skater to medal in the men's singles at the World Figure Skating Championships. On the junior level, he is the 2015 World Junior silver medalist and the 2013 JGP Final champion. Jin is the first skater to ever land a quad lutz-triple toe loop combination in international competition, the first skater to have landed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096713",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres\"\nas follows. One Olympic record was set during the competition. In this race, six skaters race for placement. In the final heat of the event, Hwang Dae-heon collided with Thibaut Fauconnet, with Fauconnet receiving a skate to the face. Defending champion Charles Hamelin did not finish the race. South Korean Lim Hyo-jun finished in first winning by about two blade lengths. He followed closely by Sjinkie Knegt and Semion Elistratov, finishing in second and third respectively. Lim said, \"\"I was nervous in the preliminaries but I liked the quality of the ice. I knew if I made it to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18712733",
"chunk_text": "\"Alina Zagitova\"\nAlina Zagitova Alina Ilnazovna Zagitova (, , born 18 May 2002) is a Russian figure skater. She is the 2018 Olympic champion, the 2018 European champion, 2017–18 Grand Prix Final champion, and the 2018 Russian national champion. Zagitova also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2018 Winter Olympics, representing the Olympic Athletes from Russia team. Earlier in her career, she won gold at the 2017 World Junior Championships and at the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final. At the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final, she became the first junior lady to achieve a total score above the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10237575",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nwithdrew from the Grand Prix Final and Chinese Nationals due to the ankle injuries. At 2018 Four Continents, his first competition post injury, Jin surpassed 100 points in the short program for the first time internationally, with a score of 100.17. In the free skate he scored 200.78 points, for an overall score of 300.95, surpassing the 200 and 300 point barrier once again and winning the gold medal over 2017 World silver medalist Shoma Uno. Jin placed 4th at the 2018 Winter Olympics, only 7.47 points behind third place finisher Javier Fernández. His placement is the highest of any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347463",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nscored enough points overall to win the gold medal, setting another world record with a total score of 206.07. This was the third Olympic medal that Virtue/Moir had won in ice dance; they won their first gold in 2010 and they took silver in 2014. It was also their fifth Olympic medal overall (including two team medals in 2014 and 2018), making them the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: A total of 24",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9337217",
"chunk_text": "\"Alexey Erokhov\"\nSeries; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\" \"\"Small medals for short and free programs awarded only at ISU Championships.\"\" Alexey Erokhov Alexey Valeryevich Erokhov (; born 5 September 1999) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 2018 World Junior champion. Erokhov was born on 5 September 1999 in Moscow. As of April 2018, he is a student at Moscow's Institute for Physiculture. Erokhov began learning to skate in 2003. Ilia Klimkin coached him at Moscow's CSKA Sports School until 2011; Erokhov then transferred to Sambo 70 School, also in Moscow, and began to be coached by Eteri Tutberidze and Sergei Dudakov.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347462",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nfourth, with just 0.02 points separating the two couples. Shibutani/Shibutani were the 17th couple to take to the ice in the free dance, starting off in 4th place after the short dance; they took the lead with a combined total score of 192.59. Papadakis/Cizeron were next to skate, and they broke their world records for both the free dance and the total score, finishing with 205.28 points. Hubbell/Donohue received a deduction for a fall and were briefly in third place with 187.69 points. The last to skate were Virtue/Moir, who scored less than Papadakis/Cizeron in the free dance but still",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119224",
"chunk_text": "\"Andrei Mozalev\"\nAndrei Mozalev Andrei Mikhailovich Mozalev (, born 24 March 2003) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 2018 JGP Czech Republic champion. Mozalev was born on 24 March 2003 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Mozalev began learning to skate in 2008. He is coached by Kirill Davydenko. In November 2016 Mozalev made his international junior level debut at the 2016 Volvo Open Cup where he won the gold medal. Three weeks later he won another gold medal at the 2016 NRW Trophy. In November 2017 Mozalev won his 3rd international gold medal at the 2017 Tallinn Trophy. At the 2018",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10741308",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metres The men's 5000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung on 11 February 2018. The event was won by two-time defending champion Sven Kramer in an Olympic record time of 6:09:76. In doing so, he became the first man to win three gold medals in a speed skating event in three consecutive editions of the Olympics. Ted-Jan Bloemen won the silver medal, and Sverre Lunde Pedersen won the bronze medal. Bloemen and Pedersen skated in the same pair, posted the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12269342",
"chunk_text": "\"Adam Rippon\"\nAdam Rippon Adam Rippon (born November 11, 1989) is an American figure skater. He won the 2010 Four Continents Championships and the 2016 U.S. National Championships. Earlier in his career, he won the 2008 and 2009 World Junior Championships, the 2007–08 Junior Grand Prix Final, and the 2008 U.S junior national title. Rippon was selected to represent the United States at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Rippon won a bronze medal as part of the figure skating team event, thus becoming the first openly gay U.S. male athlete to win a medal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095505",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nChen performed a total seven clean quadruple jumps (two in the short program and five in the free skate) and scored 315.23 to win his second consecutive national title. Following the event, Chen, Adam Rippon, and Vincent Zhou were nominated by U.S. Figure Skating to compete at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea as part of the U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team. At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Chen placed 4th in the men's short program of the team event, became the first skater to land a quad Flip at the Olympics. Chen won a bronze medal in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1250240",
"chunk_text": "\"Javier Fernández (figure skater)\"\nby over 18 points. Fernández received 294.84 points overall to win the gold medal, and became the first skater since Ondrej Nepela (1969–73) to win five consecutive European men's titles, and only the third in history to have achieved this feat, including Karl Schäfer, who won the title 8 consecutive times (1929–36). At the 2017 World Championships in Helsinki, he delivered the best short program of his career, which included faultless jump elements (a quad-triple toe loop combination, a quad Salchow and a triple Axel), three level four spins, and received maximum grades of execution from every judge for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096704",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres The men's 500 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 20 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. Wu Dajing of China set an Olympic record (heat) and 2 world records (quarterfinal and final) while leading wire-to-wire in all 3 contests enroute to capturing the gold. Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows. Three Olympic records and two world records were set during the competition. The final was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7538191",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Moir\"\nScott Moir Scott Patrick Moir (born September 2, 1987) is a Canadian ice dancer. With ice dance partner Tessa Virtue, he is the 2010 Olympic champion, the 2018 Olympic champion, the 2014 Olympic silver medalist, a three-time World champion (2010, 2012, 2017), a three-time Four Continents champion (2008, 2012, 2017), the 2016–17 Grand Prix Final champion, an eight-time Canadian national champion (2008–2010, 2012–2014, 2017–2018), and the 2006 World Junior champion. Moir and Virtue are also the 2018 Olympic gold medalists in the team eventand the 2014 Olympic silver medalists in the team event. They are the most decorated Canadian ice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18323943",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice Hockey World Championships\"\nThe bronze was won by the United States, leaving the Czechs with a second consecutive fourth place. 2016 IIHF World Championships was won by Canada who defeated Finland in the final. 2017 IIHF World Championship was won by Sweden who defeated two-time defending champions Canada 2-1 in a shootout. The first World Championship to be held as an individual event was in 1930. Twelve different nations participated. Canada's team was given a bye to the gold medal game, and the rest of the nations played an elimination tournament to determine which nation would also play for the gold. In 1931,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "454541",
"chunk_text": "\"Skeleton at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's\"\nSkeleton at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's The men's skeleton event at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 15 and 16 February at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Ryu Seung-min, member of the International Olympic Committee, accompanied by Ivo Ferriani, International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation president and member of the International Olympic Committee. 30 athletes qualified. Qualification is based on the combined rankings (across all four tours) as of 14 January 2018. The top three countries received three quotas each, the next six received two each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10427709",
"chunk_text": "\"Mikhail Kolyada\"\nMikhail Kolyada Mikhail Sergeyevich Kolyada (, pronounced \"\"Koh-lyah-DAH\"\"; born 18 February 1995) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 2018 World bronze medalist, 2017 European and 2018 European bronze medalist, 2017 Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, 2017 Cup of China champion, 2017 Russian national and 2018 Russian national champion. Mikhail Sergeyevich Kolyada was born on 18 February 1995 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. He has three younger siblings. He is enrolled at the Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health. Kolyada began learning to skate in 2000. Coach Valentina Chebotareva invited him to join her group when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5891617",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Chan\"\nPatrick Chan Patrick Lewis Wai-Kuan Chan (born December 31, 1990) is a Canadian former competitive figure skater. He is a 2018 Olympic gold medalist in the team event, 2014 Olympic silver medalist in the men's and team events, a three-time World champion (2011, 2012, 2013), a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2010 and 2011), a three-time Four Continents champion (2009, 2012, 2016), and a ten-time Canadian national champion (2008–2014, 2016–2018). On April 27, 2011, Chan set a new world record of 93.02 points for the short program. On April 28, 2011, Chan then set a new world record for his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8240735",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nallowed to field one to three entries per discipline. Countries began publishing their selections as early as December 2016. The International Skating Union published a complete list on 9 March 2017. Yuzuru Hanyu set a new world record for the free skating (223.20 points). Evgenia Medvedeva set a new world record for the free skating (154.40 points) and for the combined total (233.41 points). Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir set a new world record for the short dance (82.43 points) and for the combined total (198.62 points). Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron set a new world record for the free",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2488891",
"chunk_text": "\"Mikhail Kolyada\"\nChallenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\" \"\"Small medals for short and free programs awarded only at ISU Championships.\"\" ! colspan=\"\"3\"\" style=\"\"border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;\"\" |World Record Holders Mikhail Kolyada Mikhail Sergeyevich Kolyada (, pronounced \"\"Koh-lyah-DAH\"\"; born 18 February 1995) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 2018 World bronze medalist, 2017 European and 2018 European bronze medalist, 2017 Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, 2017 Cup of China champion, 2017 Russian national and 2018 Russian national champion. Mikhail Sergeyevich Kolyada was born on 18 February 1995 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. He has three younger siblings. He is enrolled at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1517748",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 U.S. Figure Skating Championships\"\n2018 U.S. Figure Skating Championships The 2018 Prudential U.S. Figure Skating Championships were held from December 29, 2017 – January 8, 2018 at the SAP Center in San Jose, California. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies singles, pair skating, and ice dancing at the senior, junior, novice, intermediate, and juvenile levels. The results were part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2018 Winter Olympics, 2018 Four Continents Championships, 2018 World Junior Championships, and the 2018 World Championships. San Jose was announced as the host in August 2016. Competitors qualified at regional and sectional competitions held",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7125208",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The five events took place between 9 and 23 February 2018. A total of 148 quota spots were available to athletes to compete at the games. Each NOC could enter a maximum of 18 athletes, with a maximum of nine men or nine women. An additional six quota spots were made available for the team event. A further ten team trophy quotas (two in each discipline) were distributed to countries who qualified for the team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2441016",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 World Figure Skating Championships\"\n2017 World Figure Skating Championships The 2017 World Figure Skating Championships were held 29 March – 2 April 2017 in Helsinki, Finland. The host was named in June 2014. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pairs, and ice dancing. The event also determined the number of entries for each country at the 2018 World Championships and the 2018 Winter Olympics. Hartwall Arena's main arena, with an ice surface measuring 60 m x 30 m, was used for all competitions and several practice sessions. The rest of the practice sessions took place at Hartwall Arena's practice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_438
|
number of employees in the department of health and human services?
|
n/a
|
[
"79,540 (2015)",
"79,540"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16873762",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nUnited States Cabinet appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate. The Secretary is assisted in managing the Department by the Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services, who is also appointed by the President. The Secretary and Deputy Secretary are further assisted by seven Assistant Secretaries, who serve as top Departmental administrators. As of Jan. 20, 2018, this is the top level of the organizational chart. HHS provides further organizational detail on its website. Several agencies within HHS are components of the Public Health Service (PHS), as noted below. The Office",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16873756",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nUnited States Department of Health and Human Services The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), also known as the Health Department, is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government with the goal of protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human services. Its motto is \"\"Improving the health, safety, and well-being of America\"\". Before the separate federal Department of Education was created in 1979, it was called the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW). HHS is administered by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, who is appointed by the President with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2580881",
"chunk_text": "\"North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services\"\nNorth Carolina Department of Health and Human Services The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is a large government agency in the U.S. state of North Carolina, somewhat analogous to the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The DHHS has more than 19,000 employees. The DHHS has its origins in the former North Carolina Department of Human Resources (DHR). It is headed by a Secretary, who is appointed by the governor. Among its divisions are: The following is a complete list of DHHS secretaries: The DHHS has its origins in the former North Carolina Department",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2580909",
"chunk_text": "\"North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services\"\nus to minimize the effort of these folks and the previous secretary in the reform of the department... [that effort] has allowed us to look at $200 or $300 million in surplus.\"\" North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is a large government agency in the U.S. state of North Carolina, somewhat analogous to the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The DHHS has more than 19,000 employees. The DHHS has its origins in the former North Carolina Department of Human Resources (DHR). It is headed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18256181",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nlatest Center for Effective Government analysis of 15 federal agencies which receive the most Freedom of Information Act (United States) (FOIA) requests published in 2015 (using 2012 and 2013 data, the most recent years available), the DHHS ranked second to last, earning an F by scoring 57 out of a possible 100 points, largely due to a low score on its particular disclosure rules. It had deteriorated from a D- in 2013. United States Department of Health and Human Services The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), also known as the Health Department, is a cabinet-level department",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628865",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nincludes advising the president on matters of health, welfare, and income security programs. The Secretary strives to administer the Department of Health and Human Services to carry out approved programs and make the public aware of the objectives of the department. The was reorganized into a Department of Education and a Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS). The Department of Health and Human Services oversees 11 agencies including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11156974",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nand emergency health responses. The Secretary also is responsible for regulation of the State health delivery system as well as overseeing the State's Medicaid program. The Secretary has jurisdiction over most public assistance programs offered by the State. Such programs include child care services, senior citizen assistance, child custody services, disability vocational services, and services to the blind and deaf. The Secretary also oversees services to juveniles, both treatment and corrections. As of fiscal year 2011, the Secretary of Health oversees 15,591 full-time employees and is responsible for an annual budget over $8 billion. The Secretary of Health and Human",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7014355",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\ngovernments, and tribal councils. The directors from each regional office are appointed directly by the active president. The follow is a list of who runs each regional office: Region 1: John McGough Region 6: Mervin Turner Region 2: Dennis González Region 7: Jeff Kahrs Region 3: Matt Baker Region 8: Brian Shiozawa Region 4: Renee Ellmers Region 9: Unknown Region 5: Douglas O' Brien Region 10: John R. Graham The Department of Health and Human Services was authorized a budget for fiscal year 2015 of $1.020 trillion. The budget authorization is broken down as follows: The Department of Health and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13808102",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nadvice and consent of the Senate. The United States Public Health Service (PHS) is the main division of the HHS and is led by the Assistant Secretary for Health. The current Secretary, Alex Azar, assumed office on January 29, 2018, upon his appointment by President Trump and confirmation by the Senate. The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the uniformed service of the PHS, is led by the Surgeon General who is responsible for addressing matters concerning public health as authorized by the Secretary or by the Assistant Secretary of Health in addition to his or her primary mission",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7014356",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nHuman Services' administers 115 programs across its 11 operating divisions. The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) aims to \"\"protect the health of all Americans and provide essential human services, especially for those who are least able to help themselves.\"\" These federal programs consist of social service programs, civil rights and healthcare privacy programs, disaster preparedness programs, and health related research. HHS offers a variety of social service programs geared toward persons with low income, disabilities, military families, and senior citizens. Healthcare rights are defined under HHS in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2700056",
"chunk_text": "\"Sylvia Mathews Burwell\"\nHuman Services, succeeding Kathleen Sebelius, who had announced her resignation the day before. At the time of her nomination, Obama praised Burwell as a \"\"proven manager\"\". The Senate confirmed Burwell as Secretary on June 5, 2014, by a vote of 78–17. She was sworn into office on June 9, 2014. As of 2014, the Secretary of Health and Human Services oversaw the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), which included the equivalent of 77,000 full-time employees and the management of several agencies and programs including: Medicare and Medicaid, the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628862",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nUnited States Secretary of Health and Human Services The United States Secretary of Health and Human Services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, concerned with health matters. The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. The office was formerly Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. In 1980, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was renamed the Department of Health and Human Services, and its education functions and Rehabilitation Services Administration were transferred to the new Department of Education. Patricia Roberts Harris headed the department before and after it was renamed. Nominations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628864",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nHealth and Director of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, as acting Secretary until Deputy Secretary Eric Hargan was sworn in on October 10, 2017. On November 13, 2017, Trump nominated former pharmaceutical executive Alex Azar to fill the position permanently. Azar's confirmation hearing before the Senate Finance Committee took place on January 9, 2018, and on January 24, 2018, Azar was confirmed by the U.S. Senate by a vote of 55 to 43. Azar was sworn in on January 29, 2018. The duties of the secretary revolve around human conditions and concerns in the United States. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18558974",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nUnited States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services The Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services (formerly the Under Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1953–1979, and the Under Secretary of Health and Human Services, 1979–1990) is the chief operating officer of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The Deputy Secretary oversees all operations within the Department, including overseeing Medicare, Medicaid, public health, medical research, food and drug safety, welfare, child and family services, disease prevention, Indian health, and mental health services. The incumbent Deputy Secretary is Eric Hargan. The Deputy Secretary is also the Regulatory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16873761",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nwas left in charge of the Social Security Administration, agencies constituting the Public Health Service, and Family Support Administration. In 1995, the Social Security Administration was removed from the Department of Health and Human Services, and established as an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States Government. The 2010 United States federal budget established a reserve fund of more than $630 billion over 10 years to finance fundamental reform of the health care system. The Department of Health and Human Services is led by the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, a member of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13509724",
"chunk_text": "\"Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services\"\nMassachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services The Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHHS) is a Cabinet level agency under the Governor of Massachusetts. EOHHS is largest secretariat in Massachusetts, and is responsible for the Medicaid program, child welfare, public health, disabilities, veterans’ affairs, and elder affairs. In total, EOHHS oversees 17 state agencies. The agency is under the supervision and control of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, who is appointed by the Governor. The current Secretary of Health and Human Services is Marylou Sudders, who was appointed by Governor Charlie Baker in 2015.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6253849",
"chunk_text": "\"Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services\"\nMassachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services The Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHHS) is a Cabinet level agency under the Governor of Massachusetts. EOHHS is largest secretariat in Massachusetts, and is responsible for the Medicaid program, child welfare, public health, disabilities, veterans’ affairs, and elder affairs. In total, EOHHS oversees 17 state agencies. The agency is under the supervision and control of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, who is appointed by the Governor. The current Secretary of Health and Human Services is Marylou Sudders, who was appointed by Governor Charlie Baker in 2015.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13808111",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\ndepartment. The health department at state level needs to safeguard good relations with legislators as well as governors in order to acquire legal and financial aid to guarantee the development and enhancements of the programs. Assemblies are set up to guide the relationships between state and local health departments. The state sets up the regulations and health policies whereas the local health departments are the ones implementing the health policies and services. As of 2018, there are ten regional offices that have separated the states in groups of four to eight. These offices directly work with the state departments, local",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628867",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nborn 1933); The most recent Secretary of Health and Human Services to die was Margaret Heckler (served 1983–1985, born 1931), on August 6, 2018. The most recently serving Secretary to die was Otis R. Bowen (served 1985–1989, born 1918) on May 4, 2013. United States Secretary of Health and Human Services The United States Secretary of Health and Human Services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, concerned with health matters. The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. The office was formerly Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. In 1980, the Department",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11010238",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Department of Human Services\"\nFund used to fund the assistance programs. The agency receives both federal and state funding and has additional sources of revenue. The agency received a state appropriation of $587 million and had a total budget of $2.3 billion for fiscal year 2013. The Department of Human Services is the largest employer in Oklahoma state government. As of February 2012, the staffing is as follows: Oklahoma Department of Human Services The Oklahoma Department of Human Services (OKDHS) is an agency of the government of Oklahoma. Under the supervision of the Oklahoma Secretary of Health and Human Services, OKDHS is responsible for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5781544",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan Department of Health and Human Services\"\nHealth and Human Services. The Department of Human Services was created in 1965 as a principal department with the name of \"\"Department of Social Services\"\". Renamed in 1995 to \"\"Family Independence Agency\"\", the department was once again renamed in 2004 to indicate its status as a principal department as the \"\"Department of Human Services\"\". In August 2007, Governor Jennifer Granholm named Ismael Ahmed to replace Marianne Udow as department director effective September 10, 2007. 100 employees were laid off due to budget cuts in January 2015. The Department of Community Health was created in 1996 through an executive order merging",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628863",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\nto the office of Secretary of HHS are referred to the Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee and the Finance Committee, which has jurisdiction over Medicare and Medicaid, before confirmation is considered by the full United States Senate. Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act the role of the Secretary has been greatly expanded. Donald Trump selected then-Congressman Tom Price to be the 23rd Secretary of the Health and Human Services Department. Price was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on February 10, 2017 and resigned on September 29, 2017. Trump then named Don J. Wright, Deputy Assistant Secretary for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10531441",
"chunk_text": "\"North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services\"\nswore in Aldona Wos as Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. At the time, DHHS had around 18,000 employees and a budget of around $18 billion. Wos declined her $128,000 salary and was instead paid a token $1. A new performance audit of the Department of Health and Human Services for 2012 was released on January 31, 2013. The audit criticized DHHS for its lack of record keeping and management concerning various funds, among other budgetary problems. Wos released her responses to the audit, agreeing on all points with the auditor, including the conclusion that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9539954",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Public Health Service\"\nThe three other divisions are designated human services agencies and are not part of the Public Health Service. These are the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Administration for Children and Families, and Administration for Community Living. The Assistant Secretary for Health is the senior official in change of the Public Health Service. The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health contains the following core agencies: The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) employs more than 6,000 uniformed public health professionals for the purpose of delivering public health promotion and disease prevention programs and advancing public health science.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1688700",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Secretary of Human Services\"\nserved as either the Director of the Oklahoma Department of Human Services. As of 2010, all Human Services Secretaries have served in that dual positions. The Secretary of Human Services oversees most public assistance programs offered by the State. Such programs include child care services, senior citizen assistance, child custody services, disability vocational services, and services to the blind and deaf. The Secretary also oversees services to juveniles, both treatment and corrections. As of fiscal year 2011, the Secretary of Human Services oversees 9,115 full-time employees and is responsible for an annual budget of over $2.4 billion. The Secretary of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4336000",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nhad grown to such importance that its annual budget exceeded the combined budgets of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, Labor and Interior and affected the lives of millions of people. Consequently, in accordance with the Reorganization Act of 1949, President Eisenhower submitted to the Congress on March 12, 1953, Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953, which called for the dissolution of the Federal Security Agency and elevation of the agency to Cabinet status as the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The plan was approved April 1, 1953, and became effective on April 11, 1953. Unlike statutes authorizing the creation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2481321",
"chunk_text": "\"Health Resources and Services Administration\"\nHealth Resources and Services Administration The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services located in North Bethesda, Maryland. It is the primary federal agency for improving access to health care services for people who are uninsured, isolated or medically vulnerable. Comprising six bureaus and 13 offices, the Health Resources and Services Administration provides leadership and financial support to health care providers in every state and U.S. territory. Health Resources and Services Administration's grantees provide health care to uninsured people, people living with HIV/AIDS, and pregnant women, mothers and children.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11463635",
"chunk_text": "\"Texas Health and Human Services Commission\"\nTexas Health and Human Services Commission The Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) is the largest state agency in Texas. The commission oversees several state departments that deal with health and human services, including itself and the Texas Department of State Health Services. The agency employs 9,300 people and has an annual budget of $16 billion. Dr Kyle Janek served as executive commissioner from 2012 until July 2015, when he stepped down and Chris Traylor took over. In order to better serve the people of Texas, in September 2016, the agency began to transform its processes and procedures to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16387930",
"chunk_text": "\"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services\"\nand the Social and Rehabilitation Service (SRS) became responsible for the administration of Medicaid. Both agencies were organized under what was then known as the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW). In 1977, the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) was established under HEW. HCFA became responsible for the coordination of Medicare and Medicaid. The responsibility for enrolling beneficiaries into Medicare and processing premium payments remained with SSA. The CMS employs over 6,000 people, of whom about 4,000 are located at its headquarters in Woodlawn, Maryland. The remaining employees are located in the Hubert H. Humphrey Building in Washington, D.C.,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9836460",
"chunk_text": "\"Society for Human Resource Management\"\nthe Society for Human Resource Management. SHRM was ranked the twelfth largest association in the United States in 2015, bringing in $114.56 million in revenue. The association has more than 575 chapters in the United States and around the world, which provide certification, education and networking opportunities. The organization is currently focused on the Department of Labor's new overtime regulations, health care reform, the skills gap, workplace flexibility, sexual orientation nondiscrimination, and compensation equity. Today SHRM has over 400 staff members and over 300,000 members in 165 countries. The President and Chief Executive Officer is Johnny C. Taylor, Jr., SHRM-SCP.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16873759",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nfirst new Cabinet-level department since the Department of Labor was created in 1913. The Reorganization Plan abolished the FSA and transferred all of its functions to the Secretary of HEW and all components of the Agency to the Department. The first Secretary of HEW was Oveta Culp Hobby, a native of Texas, who had served as Commander of the Women's Army Corps in World War II and was editor and publisher of the \"\"Houston Post\"\". Sworn in on April 11, 1953, as Secretary, she had been FSA Administrator since January 21, 1953. The six major program-operating components of the new",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17771573",
"chunk_text": "\"New Jersey Department of Human Services\"\nNew Jersey Department of Human Services The New Jersey Department of Human Services (DHS) is the largest state government agency in New Jersey, serving about 1.5 million New Jerseyans. DHS serves seniors, individuals and families with low incomes; people with developmental disabilities, or late-onset disabilities; people who are blind, visually impaired, deaf, hard of hearing, or deaf-blind; parents needing child care services, child support and/or healthcare for their children; and families facing catastrophic medical expenses for their children. There is a New Jersey Department of Human Services Police. DHS consists of eight major divisions: Allocated within DHS and operate administratively",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11159887",
"chunk_text": "\"Human services\"\nfunding that was earmarked for the federal new careers initiatives. In turn, the federally funded New Careers Program was created to produce a nonprofessional career track for economically disadvantaged, underemployed, and unemployed adults as a strategy to eradicate poverty within society and to end a critical shortage of health-care personnel. Graduates from these programs successfully acquired employment as paraprofessionals, but there were limitations to their upward mobility within social service agencies because they lacked a graduate or professional degree. Currently, there are academic programs in human services at the associate, baccalaureate, and graduate levels. There are approximately 600 human services",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2580882",
"chunk_text": "\"North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services\"\nof Human Resources (DHR). The DHR was created in 1971 as an umbrella to consolidate what had been more than 300 free-standing state agencies. The first Secretary of Human Resources, Dr. Lenox Baker, was appointed by Governor Robert W. Scott. The Division of Public Health, an original part of the department, was taken out of the DHR in 1989. Most of its functions were transferred back to the DHR in 1997, when the agency was renamed the Department of Health and Human Services. In April 2004, DHHS awarded Affiliated Computer Services (ACS) a contract to replace the existing Medicaid Management",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16873760",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nDepartment were the Public Health Service, the Office of Education, the Food and Drug Administration, the Social Security Administration, the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, and St. Elizabeth's Hospital. The Department was also responsible for three federally aided corporations: Howard University, the American Printing House for the Blind, and the Columbia Institution for the Deaf (Gallaudet College since 1954). The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was renamed the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in 1979, when its education functions were transferred to the newly created United States Department of Education under the Department of Education Organization Act. HHS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6610661",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal Occupational Health\"\nFederal Occupational Health Federal Occupational Health (FOH) is a non-appropriated agency within the Program Support Center (PSC) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). FOH works in partnership with federal organizations nationally and internationally to design and deliver comprehensive occupational health solutions exclusively to federal employees. FOH was created in 1946 by an amendment to the Public Health Service Act and provides services exclusively to federal agencies and the Department of Defense. FOH is the largest provider of occupational health services in the Federal Government, serving more than 360 federal agencies and reaching 1.8 million federal employees.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4336001",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nof other executive departments, the contents of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953 were never properly codified within the United States Code, although Congress did codify a later statute ratifying the Plan. Today, the Plan is included as an appendix to Title 5 of the United States Code. The result is that HHS is the only executive department whose statutory foundation today rests on a confusing combination of several codified and uncodified statutes. The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) was created on April 11, 1953, when Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1953 became effective. HEW thus became the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7849338",
"chunk_text": "\"Health department\"\nWelfare (HEW), which was renamed in 1980 to become the current and modern United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). HHS notes the laws and regulations that it carries out on its website. Every state also has a health department to which HHS has given a description and hyperlink for each state health department. Other levels of government within each state are varied. For example, the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) has within it a health department in each of its 58 subdivisions called counties, but in only three cities. One is in San Francisco: the San",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17823261",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan Department of Health and Human Services\"\nDepartment of Public Health (as Community Public Health Agency), Department of Mental Health, Medical Services Administration from the Department of Social Services, responsibility for Liquor Control Commission, Licensing, Monitoring and Accreditation and Division of Occupational Health from Department of Commerce, Food Service Sanitation from the Department of Agriculture and many functions of Department of Social Services. The merger of the Department of Human Services (DHS) and the Department of Community Health was announced by Governor Rick Snyder during his 2015 State of the State address. The Department has several agencies and programs operating under its management. The Bureau of Epidemiology",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3628866",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Health and Human Services\"\n(8) (15) The line of succession for the Secretary of Health and Human Services is as follows: As of , there are two living former , the older being Joseph A. Califano Jr. (served 1977–1979, born 1931). The most recent Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare to die was Caspar Weinberger (served 1973–1975, born 1917), on March 28, 2006. The most recently serving Secretary to die was Patricia Roberts Harris (served 1979–1980, born 1924) on March 23, 1985. As of , there are seven living former Secretaries of Health and Human Services, the oldest being Louis W. Sullivan (served 1989–1993,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14590642",
"chunk_text": "\"Department of Health and Social Security (Isle of Man)\"\nDepartment of Health and Social Security (Isle of Man) The Department of Health and Social Security () or DHSS provided healthcare (hospitals, doctors, dentistry, ambulance service), social services (mental health, social workers, and residential care), and social security (state pensions, child benefit, sickness benefit, and Jobseeker's Allowance). Prior to the separation of its component parts on 1 April 2010, the DHSS was the largest employer on the Isle of Man, with over 3,000 members of staff. The DHSS was largely replaced by two new Departments, the Department of Health and the Department of Social Care, with some Social Security functions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4336011",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nprotect patient’s privacy in regards to medical information, protects workers health insurance when unemployed, and sets guidelines surrounding some health insurance. HHS collaborates with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response and Office of Emergency Management to prepare and respond to health emergencies. A broad array of health related research is supported or completed under the HHS; secondarily under HHS, the Health Resources & Service Administration houses data warehouses and makes health data available surrounding a multitude of topics. HHS also has vast offering of health related resources and tools to help educate the public on health",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20251674",
"chunk_text": "\"Pennsylvania Department of Human Services\"\nPennsylvania Department of Human Services The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services is a cabinet-level state agency in Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’s seven program offices administer services that provide care and support to Pennsylvania's most vulnerable citizens. These services include eligibility and benefits determination, foster care, juvenile justice, early childhood development, services for persons with developmental disabilities, autism services, long term living programs, management of state psychiatric hospitals, and management of the Medical Assistance physical and behavioral health care programs. The Department consists of executive offices and seven program offices that include: The Department of Human Services' (DHS)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13808110",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Department of Health and Human Services\"\nSaaS solution that specifically addresses this growing concern, automating physician time logging in compliance with contract terms to eliminate Stark Law and Anti-Kickback Statute violations. There are three tiers of health departments, the federal health department, state health department and local health department. In relation with state and local government, the federal government provides states with funding to ensure that states are able to retain current programs and are able to implement new programs. The coordination between all three health departments is critical to ensure the programs being implemented are well structured and suited to the corresponding level of health",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14899456",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Secretary of Health\"\nthree of the four Health Secretaries have served in one of those dual positions. The Secretary of Health is the chief public health officer of the State. The Secretary oversees vaccinations, disease prevention, mental health services, substance abuse treatment, and emergency health responses. The Secretary also is responsible for regulation of the State health delivery system as well as overseeing the State's Medicaid program. As of fiscal year 2011, the Secretary of Health oversees 4812 full-time employees and is responsible for an annual budget of over $5.2 billion. The Secretary of Transportation oversees the following state entities: The annual salary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19057400",
"chunk_text": "\"Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\"\noffices nationwide that perform audits, investigations, inspections and other mission-related functions. HHS OIG is the largest inspector general's office in the Federal Government, with more than 1,700 employees dedicated to combating fraud, waste and abuse and to improving the efficiency of HHS programs. Most of OIG's resources go to overseeing Medicare and Medicaid — programs that represent much of the Federal budget and affect the most vulnerable U.S. citizens. OIG's oversight extends to programs under other HHS institutions, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and the Food and Drug Administration. The OIG consists of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17108913",
"chunk_text": "\"Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health\"\nand counsel on public health and science issues to the Secretary. Prior to 2010, the Office was known as the Office of Public Health and Science (OPHS). As of 2018, OASH oversees 12 core public health offices, 10 regional health offices, and 10 presidential and secretarial advisory committees. The core offices are: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) is an operating agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and the managing personnel body for the United States Public Health Service. The office is under the direction",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2562079",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps\"\nSupervising Surgeon (later Surgeon General)). At first open only to physicians, over the course of the twentieth century, the Corps expanded to 11 careers in a wide range of specialties to include veterinarians, dentists, engineers, pharmacists, nurses, environmental health specialists, scientists, dietitians, and other allied health professionals. Today, the commissioned corps is under the United States Public Health Service (PHS), a major agency now of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), established by Congress in 1979-1980. It was previously established in 1953 as the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW), and is still led by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11552015",
"chunk_text": "\"Wisconsin Department of Health Services\"\nprograms; medical assistance; and health care for low-income families, elderly, and the disabled. It has primary responsibility for administering Medicaid and Medicare within the state. As of 2018, the department is administered by Secretary Linda Seemeyer. The DHS secretary is a cabinet member appointed by the Governor of Wisconsin and confirmed by the Wisconsin Senate. The Wisconsin DHS is made up of three executive offices and five divisions organized according to function. WisDHS's main office is located in Madison, and it maintains regional offices throughout the state. The Department of Health Services combines administration and supervision of many state and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2481329",
"chunk_text": "\"Health Resources and Services Administration\"\nthe Health Resources and Services Administration, replacing acting administrator, Jim Macrae, who returned to his position as administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration's Bureau of Primary Health Care (BPHC). Health Resources and Services Administration The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services located in North Bethesda, Maryland. It is the primary federal agency for improving access to health care services for people who are uninsured, isolated or medically vulnerable. Comprising six bureaus and 13 offices, the Health Resources and Services Administration provides leadership and financial support to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_439
|
which is the fastest train in india and what is its speed?
|
n/a
|
[
"Gatiman",
"160km/hour",
"Mumbai Rajdhani Express"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15798309",
"chunk_text": "\"Transport in India\"\nof earnings to the corporation till 2007. India does not have any railways classified as high-speed rail (HSR), which have operational speeds in excess of . The fastest train in India is the Gatimaan Express with a top speed of , which runs between Delhi and Agra. In 2018, a new train stock was made in Chennai called T-18 which is set to replace the Shatabdi express. Prior to the 2014 general election, the two major national parties (Bharatiya Janata Party and Indian National Congress) pledged to introduce high-speed rail. The INC pledged to connect all of India's million-plus cities",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13170410",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nHigh-speed rail in India India does not have any railways that can be classified as high-speed rail (HSR) by international standards, i.e. railways with operational speeds exceeding . The current fastest train in India is the Gatimaan Express with a top speed of , which only runs between Delhi and Jhansi. Prior to the 2014 general election, the two major national parties (Bharatiya Janata Party and Indian National Congress(INC)) pledged to introduce high-speed rail. The INC pledged to connect all of India's million-plus cities by high-speed rail, whereas BJP, which won the election, promised to build the Diamond Quadrilateral project,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18840111",
"chunk_text": "\"Express trains in India\"\nof around 20 km/h for express trains. The \"\"Duronto Express\"\" trains introduced in 2009 (which run between major cities without any intermediate halts) are projected to be the fastest trains in India when new services are introduced with a higher speed limit of 120–130 km/h. Despite being limited to a lower speed limit, they take as much time as a \"\"Rajdhani\"\" or \"\"Shatabdi\"\" on the same route, courtesy the non-stop nature of their journey. \"\"Rajdhani Express\"\" which was introduced in 1969 to connect New Delhi with the state capitals in India, travels at speeds up to 130 km/h. Indian railways",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6994994",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail\"\nConstruction of the first phase of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad line was initiated on 14 September by the prime minister of Japan, Shinzō Abe, and is expected to be completed in 2022. The speed of trains on this line will be 320 km/h. Currently, the fastest train in India is the Gatimaan Express (top speed - 160 km/h) which does not fall into the high-speed train category, although the engines are theoretically capable of hauling the train in excess of 200 km/h. Plans and studies have been in the works for high-speed rail (HSR) in Indonesia since before 2010. A new plan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5697231",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajdhani Express\"\ncapital cities of various states in India. The first \"\"Rajdhani Express\"\" left New Delhi station for Howrah station to cover a distance of 1,445 km in 17 hours 20 mins. The Mumbai-New Delhi Rajdhani Express, one of the most important trains in India, was introduced on 17 May 1972. Until 1988, with the introduction of the Bhopal Shatabdi Express at 140 km/hr, the Rajdhani was the fastest train in India reaching speeds of 115-120 km/hr. Rajdhani express gets the highest priority on the Indian railway network. They are fully air-conditioned. Passengers are served meals (food price included in the train",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3528661",
"chunk_text": "\"Rail transport in India\"\nEsplanade and Bhowanipur (now the Netaji Bhawan station). In 1988 the first Shatabdi Express was introduced between New Delhi and Jhansi (later extended to Bhopal), and was the fastest train at the time. In 1993 air-conditioned 3-tier coaches were introduced as well as a sleeper class separate from second class. In 1999 South East Central was constituted. On 6 July 2002 the East Coast, South Western, South East Central, North Central, and West Central zones were created. On 5 April 2016 Gatiman Express, India's fastest train at a maximum speed of , made its first run from Delhi to Agra.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8747850",
"chunk_text": "\"Gatimaan Express\"\nGatimaan Express Gatimaan Express is India's first semi-high speed train that runs between Delhi and Jhansi. It operates at a maximum speed of and is currently the fastest train in India.The train takes 100 minutes to cover the journey from Hazrat Nizamuddin to Jhansi Junction railway stations with an average speed of from 1 April 2018. In October 2014, the railways applied for safety certificate from Commission of Railway Safety to start the service. In June 2015, the train was officially announced. The train was launched on 5 April 2016 and completed its maiden journey between Nizamuddin and Agra Cantt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3916883",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nfrom 43 km/h to 70 km/h. Several existing railway tracks were upgraded to run the trains at 250 km/h. In February 2014, Henri Poupart-Lafarge of Alstom, manufacturer of trains used on TGV in France, stated that India is at least 5–10 years away from high-speed trains. He suggested the country should first upgrade the infrastructure to handle trains travelling . In July 2014, a trial run of a \"\"semi-high speed train\"\" with 10 coaches and 2 generators reached a speed of between New Delhi and Agra. The train, named Gatimaan Express, had its first commercial run at 5 April 2016.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9335654",
"chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in India\"\nWest Central Railway zones were created. Indian Railways (IR) began online train reservations and ticketing on 3 August of that year, with Internet ticketing extended to many cities on 1 December. On 5 February 2012, The Western Railway zone (WR) ended its use of 1,500 V DC traction, switching to 25 kV AC traction. The Tatkal system of ticketing was extended to all trains on 26 September 2013. Gatimaan Express, India's fastest train with a maximum speed of 160 km/h, made its maiden journey from Delhi to Agra on 5 April 2016. The Central Railway zone (CR) ended its use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3916898",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nfor international bidders for carrying out a pre-feasibility study of the 458-km Delhi - Chandigarh - Amritsar High Speed Corridor. The feasibility study for the Chennai-Bengaluru high-speed rail corridor was completed by Germany in November 2018. The study found that the route was feasible. The proposed corridor would be 435 km long and would have an end-to-end travel time of 2 hours and 25 minutes with trains operating at a speed of 320 km/hr. The study proposed constructing 84% of the track on viaducts, 11% underground and the remaining 4% at-grade. The current fastest train on the Chennai-Bengaluru route, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5879192",
"chunk_text": "\"Bandra Rajdhani Express\"\nBandra Rajdhani Express The Bandra Rajdhani Express is a semi-high speed rail service linking the Indian cities of Bandra and New Delhi. It operates with a maximum speed of 150km/h (93 mph) and an average speed of 99 km/h (62 mph), making it the fastest Rajdhani train in India, and the second fastest overall train in India, after the Gatimaan Express. The train takes less than 14 hours to complete the 1367-kilometre journey between Bandra Terminus and Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station in New Delhi. Train 09003 (Bandra to H. Nizamuddin), departs daily from Bandra Terminus at 16:05. It has 3",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8747854",
"chunk_text": "\"Gatimaan Express\"\nare used to haul this train in both the directions. The locomotives are equipped with TPWS (Train Protection and Warning System). Gatimaan Express Gatimaan Express is India's first semi-high speed train that runs between Delhi and Jhansi. It operates at a maximum speed of and is currently the fastest train in India.The train takes 100 minutes to cover the journey from Hazrat Nizamuddin to Jhansi Junction railway stations with an average speed of from 1 April 2018. In October 2014, the railways applied for safety certificate from Commission of Railway Safety to start the service. In June 2015, the train",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20831251",
"chunk_text": "\"Mumbai Rajdhani Express\"\nMumbai Rajdhani Express The 12951/12952 Mumbai Rajdhani Express is a super fast express train of Rajdhani class belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Mumbai and Delhi in India. It is the second fastest Rajdhani service in all of India, surpassed by only the Bandra Rajdhani, with an average running speed (ARS) of nearly 88 km/h. It was introduced on 17 May 1972 between the then Bombay Central and New Delhi. The train became so popular that prior to the introduction of current reservation facility its reservation chart was prepared just 15 minutes before the scheduled departure of the train.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19401556",
"chunk_text": "\"Tejas Express\"\nTejas Express The Tejas Express is India’s first semi-high speed fully air-conditioned train Introduced by Indian Railways. It features modern on-board facilities with automatic doors. Tejas means \"\"sharp\"\", \"\"lustre\"\" and \"\"brilliance\"\" in many Indian languages. These trains are among the fastest trains in India along with Rajdhani Express, Gatimaan Express, Shatabdi Express and Duronto Express and get the highest priority on the Indian railway network. The inaugural run of Tejas Express was on 24 May 2017 from Mumbai CST to Karmali, Goa. It covered 551.7 km in 8 hours and 30 minutes. The coaches of Tejas Express trains are manufactured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14967670",
"chunk_text": "\"Superfast/Mail Trains in India\"\nSuperfast/Mail Trains in India Superfast Mail/Express trains are express rail services of the Indian Railways. They make few stops, unlike other Mail/Express trains, achieving somewhat shorter journey times. Tickets cost more than Mail/Express rates. , 450 pairs of Superfast trains ran on the Indian Railways. The 12908/Maharashtra Sampark Kranti Express (NZM/Hazrat Nizamuddin - BDTS/Bandra Terminus) is the fastest non-Shatabdi, non-Rajdhani Mail/Express train in India. In some cases, trains run Superfast where there is an overlapping Mail/Express service available, and run regular Mail/Express trains where there is no supplementary Mail/Express service. Trains with an average speed, excluding halts, equalling or exceeding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18840117",
"chunk_text": "\"Express trains in India\"\nbrakes per axle essential for safe operations especially at the speed of fast-express trains. The average speed of super-fast trains, range from to . Of this, counting up and down trains separately, 23 trains have an average speed more than 80 km/h, whereas, 72 trains have an average speed between 70 and 80 km/h. The speed of express trains is calculated from the latest Indian Railways Time-Table. Regular unbranded express trains on the same route are only slightly slower, since the same locomotives haul them. Frequent stops reduce the average running speed of a train greatly by preventing it from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1670557",
"chunk_text": "\"Sampoorna Kranti Express\"\nSampoorna Kranti Express The Sampoorna Kranti Express is an Indian express passenger train service, which runs between Patna and New Delhi. The service began running on 17 February 2002 and is one of the fastest train services in India, traversing the 999 km distance in under fourteen hours, which is faster than the previous Magadh Express Patna-New Delhi service and the Vikramshila Express on the same route. This train is also known as Janta ki Rajdhani As It Has Fare Lower Than That Of Rajdhani But Matches It In Speed, Punctuality And Priority. Sampoorna Kranti Express Is currently the fastest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6579053",
"chunk_text": "\"Agra–Bhopal section\"\nthe BG branch lines speed limit is generally 100 km/h. Bhopal Shatabdi Express, the fastest train in India, powered by a WAP-5 loco, travels along this line. The Chennai Rajdhani Express, which runs at an average speed (including halts) of 77.23 km/h. uses this line. Agra Cantt., Gwalior, Jhansi and Bhopal are amongst the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway. Jhansi diesel loco shed holds 125+ locos including WDM-2, WDM-3A, WDM-3D, WDG-3A, WDS-6, WDG-4. Jhansi electric loco shed holds 180+ locos including WAG-5HA / WAG5HB, WAG-7. Gwalior NG diesel loco shed houses NDM-5 locos and carries out periodic overhaul.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3916884",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nIt is expected to reach the maximum speed of 160 km/h and an average speed of . China built its high-speed expertise with the help of license building of the high-speed railway coaches by local manufacturing units. Later those units used those hands-on expertise to build their own high-speed railway locomotives. India has taken a different path where the foreign railways will import or build their own factories in India. French National Railways (or SNCF) proposed to upgrade the Shatabdi train track between Delhi and Chandigarh to run the trains at a maximum speed of 220 km/h. This is expected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14499759",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nby 2022. The foundation stone ceremony was held on 14 September 2017 when Japanese Prime minister Shinzō Abe and Indian Prime minister Narendra Modi flagged off the construction work in Ahmedabad. The JR East/Hitachi E5 series Shinkansen trains will be used in this corridor. It has a maximum speed of 350 km/h, and a maximum operational speed of 320 km/h and an average speed of 260 km/h. One of the first proposals to introduce high-speed trains in India was mooted in the mid-1980s by then Railway Minister Madhavrao Scindia. A high-speed rail line between Delhi and Kanpur via Agra was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13170418",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nat an average speed of . The inauguration of the Gatimaan Express by Railway Minister Mr. Suresh Prabhu on 5 April 2016 ushered the beginning of semi-high speed trains in India. The Gatimaan Express runs at the top speed of 160 km/hr from Delhi to Agra. With the great success of Gatimaan Express, the Indian Railways plans to start additional semi-high speed services along the Delhi - Bhopal / Chandigarh / Kanpur / Lucknow routes shortly. Railway minister Mr Sadananda Gowda mentioned in his Rail budget 2014 speech that the railways will start high speed trains at on 9 routes.Indian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8939259",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\ntrain sets to operate at semi-high speed (160 km/hr). These are of two types \"\"Train 18\"\" which will be a day train replacing Shatabdi Express and \"\"Train 20\"\" which will be an overnight train replacing Rajdhani Express. Train 18 will roll out till September 2018 while Train 20 will roll out till 2020. These trains will be manufactured by ICF (Integral Coach Factory). . Finally, On 29 October 2018, India's high-speed train roll out for trial for 80 days, after that, it will replace Delhi-Bhopal Shatabdi express on January 2019. In the presence of railway officials and ICF members trial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14371592",
"chunk_text": "\"Howrah Rajdhani Express\"\nHowrah Rajdhani Express Howrah Rajdhani is the most prestigious Rajdhani class train in India which connects New Delhi to Howrah, Kolkata. The Howrah Rajdhani was the first Rajdhani Express in India, thereby becoming the first fully air-conditioned train in the country. The train is one of the fastest in India with maximum speed is more than 130 km/h and an average speed of . Howrah Rajdhani gets highest priority on Howrah–Delhi main line and Howrah-Delhi Grand Chord Line. It connects two big metropolis of India. The Howrah Rajdhani Express began operations on 3rd March, 1969. The train departed from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18840110",
"chunk_text": "\"Express trains in India\"\nExpress trains in India Mail/Express trains are Regular Express rail services of India. Express trains make a small number of stops, unlike Passenger/Local trains. In some cases, trains run express where there is overlapping local train service available, and run local at the tail ends of the line, where there is no supplemental local service. Because of their limited stops, these trains are able to obtain the highest speeds of any trains in India. An express train is one where the average speed, excluding halts, is greater than 36 km/h. Including halts the speed may sometimes fall into the region",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5697230",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajdhani Express\"\nRajdhani Express The Rajdhani Express is a series of express passenger train services in India operated by Indian Railways connecting the national capital New Delhi with the capital and/or largest cities of various states. Rajdhani means \"\"The Capital\"\" in many Indian languages. The Rajdhanis are among the fastest trains in India along with Tejas Express, Gatimaan Express, Shatabdi Express and Duronto Express and get the highest priority on the Indian railway network. The first Rajdhani Express was introduced in 1969, for providing fast connections (up to , speed variation depending upon the particular track section) from New Delhi to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13170417",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\na project to modernise the Chennai–Hyderabad route. Germany is conducting a feasibility study for running trains at a speed of about 300 km/h on the 450 km long Chennai-Bengaluru-Mysuru route. It has already completed pre-feasibility study in 2016. A consortium of consultants comprising DB E&C, Intraplan Consult and Ingenieurburo Vossing are conducting the study. During the trial run in Delhi–Mumbai route Spain's Talgo trains reached a peak speed of , observing laid-down speed cautions and halting at the usual stoppages as the Mumbai Rajdhani, Talgo clocked an average speed of . The Mumbai Rajdhani took 15 hours and 50 minutes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8656497",
"chunk_text": "\"Transport in India\"\nof tourism, pilgrimage or business. The Shatabdi Express trains run over short to medium distances and do not have sleepers while the Rajdhani Expresses run over longer distances and have only sleeping accommodation. Both series of trains have a maximum permissible speed of 110 to 140 km/h (81 to 87 mph) but average speed of less than 100 km/h.. The Duronto Express (without any commercial stop between the origin and the destination but with a few technical stops for crew change and food intake) and Garib Raths express that provide cheap no-frill airconditioned rail travel. Besides, the IR also operates",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13170419",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nRailways is also testing to increase the speed of the Delhi-Mumbai Rajdhani express train. Dual locomotives are used for this purpose, one at each end. Thus accelerating and decelerating from both ends. Proposed increased speed will be 160kmph between Delhi-Mathura stretch and 130kmph for the remaining stretch. While Indian Railways is bringing bullet train from Japan, it is doing all possible things to cut down the cost for high speed rail operation by indigenously developing technologies. Green background for the systems that are under construction. Blue background for the systems that are currently being planned. Indian railways has proposed EMU",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12881590",
"chunk_text": "\"Rail transport in India\"\nwheels and axles. Diesel-Loco Modernisation Works, Patiala upgrades the WDM-2 diesel loco from . Some electric locomotives have been supplied by BHEL, Jhansi and Palakkad, and locomotive components are manufactured in several other plants around the country. As of March 2017, IR network spans of track length, while the route length is . Track sections are rated for speeds ranging from , though the maximum speed attained by passenger trains is 180 km/h (110 mph). As of March 2017, most of the broad-gauge network is equipped with long-welded rails, pre-stressed concrete (PSC) sleepers and high tensile strength 52kg/60kg 90 UTS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14015745",
"chunk_text": "\"Luxury rail in India\"\nThe \"\"Maharajas' Express\"\" is India's most expensive train. Luxury rail in India Indian Railways (IR) and the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) provide a variety of luxury rail travel in India. Eight luxury trains are owned and operated by IR, which have decided to introduce luxury Anubhuti coaches on regular trains. The coaches would be similar to those on the \"\"Maharajas' Express\"\" and the \"\"Palace on Wheels\"\". The \"\"Fairy Queen\"\" is a steam locomotive which runs between the Indian capital, New Delhi, and Alwar in Rajasthan. Built in 1855, it was certified by the Guinness Book of Records",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12448356",
"chunk_text": "\"Inter-city rail\"\nthird-largest in the world (after Russia and China) and the largest in the world in terms of passenger kilometres. Shatabdi Express, Jan Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express are the fastest Inter-city services in India of which the Bhopal Shatabdi Express is the fastest train of India. All long-distance journeys generally require a reservation and unreserved travel is allowed in some trains. There is only one train service in Cambodia, from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville, stopping at Doun Kaev (Takeo) and Kampot. In Indonesia, PT Kereta Api operates inter-city services in many cities, especially in Java. Inter-city serves some",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1714890",
"chunk_text": "\"Sampark Kranti Express\"\nwere completely air-conditioned and hence quite expensive. The Rajdhani and Shatabdi series are the fastest trains in India in terms of average journey speeds. The Sampark Kranti trains operate at slower average speeds than the Rajdhani and Shatabdi series yet still provide high speed options at normal prices due to their few stops and relatively faster speeds compared with other non-Rajdhani Express express trains and non-Shatabdi Express express trains although initially they ran non stop once they left their respective states. The Railway Ministry (India) at the time Nitish Kumar in the interim Railway Budget of 2004-05 announced the launch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3916879",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nwhich would connect the cities of Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai via high-speed rail. This project was approved as a priority for the new government in the incoming president's speech. Construction of one kilometer of high speed railway track will cost - which is 10-14 times higher than the cost of construction of standard railway. India's Union Council of Ministers approved the proposal of Japan to build India's first high-speed railway on 10 December 2015. The planned rail will run approximately between Mumbai and the western city of Ahmedabad at a top speed of . Under this proposal, the construction",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14303200",
"chunk_text": "\"Deccan Queen\"\nDeccan Queen The Deccan Queen or Deccan Queen Express, is an Indian passenger train that connects the two largest cities of the Indian state of Maharashtra, i.e. Mumbai and Pune. The service was named as Deccan Queen after the nickname for Pune: Queen of the Deccan. Deccan Queen is currently the fastest train service linking Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus and Pune Station. It has an average operating speed of including stops, and a top speed of , making it among the fastest trains in India. \"\"Deccan Queen\"\" service was introduced on 1 June 1930 as a weekend train during the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8939264",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nproposed. An internal study found the proposal to not be viable at that time due to the high cost of construction and the inability of passengers to bear much higher fares than those for normal trains. The railways instead introduced Shatabdi trains which ran at 130 km/h. The Indian Ministry of Railways' white-paper \"\"Vision 2020\"\", submitted to Indian Parliament on 18 December 2009, envisages the implementation of regional high-speed rail projects to provide services at 250–350 km/h, and planning for corridors connecting commercial, tourist, and pilgrimage hubs. Six corridors have been identified for technical studies on setting up of high-speed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2777983",
"chunk_text": "\"Howrah Rajdhani Express\"\nDhanbad(Jharkhand). Howrah Rajdhani Express Howrah Rajdhani is the most prestigious Rajdhani class train in India which connects New Delhi to Howrah, Kolkata. The Howrah Rajdhani was the first Rajdhani Express in India, thereby becoming the first fully air-conditioned train in the country. The train is one of the fastest in India with maximum speed is more than 130 km/h and an average speed of . Howrah Rajdhani gets highest priority on Howrah–Delhi main line and Howrah-Delhi Grand Chord Line. It connects two big metropolis of India. The Howrah Rajdhani Express began operations on 3rd March, 1969. The train departed from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18986185",
"chunk_text": "\"Mumbai Rajdhani Express\"\nAugust 2004, and the number of coaches was also increased to 19 including the pantry cars. The number of coaches again was increased to 21 by the Western Railways to accommodate more passengers in June 2012. No Extra private coach or party coach is attached in this train. The 12951/12952 Mumbai Rajdhani Express is the fastest train on the Mumbai - Delhi sector and the fastest Rajdhani train as well as the fastest train (Considering ARS and including halts) in India. Mumbai Rajdhani Express is the first Rajdhani to get Alstom-LHB Coaches in India. It used to run six days",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9335652",
"chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in India\"\nbecame the Central Organization for Railway Electrification (CORE). India's first metro train ran from Esplanade to Bhowanipur (now the Netaji Bhawan station) in Calcutta on 24 October 1984, and the Calcutta Metro was the country's first rapid-transit line. In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced in New Delhi. The Shatabdi Express, India's fastest train, was introduced between New Delhi and Jhansi in 1988; the line was later extended to Bhopal. In 1990, the first self-printing ticket machine (SPTM) was introduced in New Delhi. Air-conditioned, three-tier coaches and a sleeper class (separate from Second Class) were introduced in 1993. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17750559",
"chunk_text": "\"Ananya Express\"\nAnanya Express The Ananya express is an Indian Railways superfast-class train running between Kolkata (Chitpur) and Udaipur city. It covers a distance of 2,141 km at an average speed of 60 km per hour, travelling through the Indian states of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. It connects Eastern India with tourist spots such as Agra, Jaipur, Ajmer and Udaipur. The service formerly ran between Sealdah and Ajmer, but was extended through to Udaipur. The train is hauled by a WAP 4 class locomotive from Howrah to Sawai Madhopur Junction, and from there to Udaipur city by a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18986187",
"chunk_text": "\"Mumbai Rajdhani Express\"\nthe fastest train on the Mumbai - Delhi sector. Before the introduction of the LHB coaches, the maximum speed that could be attained with the conventional rakes was 120 km/h.But after introduction of LHB rakes the highest speed that could possibly be attained is 160 km/h but is restrictred to 130 km/h due to Head-On-Generation Technology. After their introduction, the LHB coaches enhanced the speed of the Rajdhani to more than 120 km/h and even touching 130 km/h most of the time. The highest attained speed was 140 km/h between Asaoti and Mathura, but it was only on trial basis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16358515",
"chunk_text": "\"Duronto Express\"\nThese trains run faster than Rajdhani Express trains which hold the record of the fastest long-distance trains in India. For example, the New Delhi – Sealdah Duronto Express takes 16 hours to cover the journey against 17 hours taken by Rajdhani Express. The trains will adhere to the speed limit of 130 km/h. New Delhi - Sealdah Duronto express has a top speed of 130 km/h The Chennai, Sealdah, Yeshwantpur and Pune Duronto run at a speed of 130 km/h.The Howrah/Allahabad/Bhubaneshwar New Delhi, Secunderabad Hazrat Nizamuddin, with Hybrid-LHB rakes is the only Duronto permitted to run at a speed of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9575565",
"chunk_text": "\"Shatabdi Express\"\nShatabdi Express Shatabdi Express trains are a series of fast (called superfast in India) passenger trains operated by Indian Railways to connect Metro cities with other cities important for tourism, pilgrimage or business. Shatabdi Express are day-trains and they return to the station of origin the same day. The Shatabdis along with The Rajdhani and the Duronto are among the fastest trains in India and the Indian Railways consider Rajdhani and Shatabdi as prestigious. The Shatabdi Expresses get second highest priority, after Rajdhani Expresses which get the highest priority. The Shatabdi Express trains run over short to medium distances while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8458599",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian Railways\"\nmanufacture 800 high power electric locomotives (12000 HP) over 11 years in a new Electric Locomotive Factory at Madhepura. As of March 2017, IR network spans of track length, while the route length is . Track sections are rated for speeds ranging from , though the maximum speed attained by passenger trains is 180 km/h (110 mph). As of March 2017, most of the broad-gauge network is equipped with long-welded rails, pre-stressed concrete (PSC) sleepers and high tensile strength 52kg/60kg 90 UTS rails. The tracks; and narrow gauge tracks are present on fewer routes. All of these routes, except the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8621954",
"chunk_text": "\"Shramjeevi Superfast Express\"\nShramjeevi Superfast Express The Shramjeevi Express (Hindi: श्रमजीवी एक्स्प्रेस) is a daily superfast express train of Indian Railways, running between Rajgir, near Nalanda, Bihar, and New Delhi, the capital city of India. Previously it was running between Patna and New Delhi, later extended to Rajgir. This is fastest train (12392) between Ghaziabad and Moradabad covers journey only in 2 hours The name Shramjeevi signifies the employee/worker, dependent on physical/mental labour (Shram) for their livelihood (Jeevi). It runs via Bakhtiyarpur Junction, Patna Junction,Mughalsarai Junction, Varanasi Junction, Sultanpur, Lucknow,Bareilly Junction, Moradabad Junction and Ghaziabad. The train generally consists of a total number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9575566",
"chunk_text": "\"Shatabdi Express\"\nthe Rajdhani Expresses and the Duronto Expresses are long-distance trains. Rajdhani Expresses connect the nation's capital New Delhi to capitals of states and other major cities while Duronto Expresses connect major cities to other major cities. All three series of trains have a maximum speed of about . The 12001 Bhopal Shatabdi express, however, runs at a peak speed of , which makes it the third fastest train in India after the Gatimaan Express and Train 18. The name \"\"Shatabdi\"\" means centenary in Sanskrit. The first Shatabdi Express train was introduced in 1988, by then Railways Minister Madhavrao Scindia to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17132962",
"chunk_text": "\"Prayagraj Express\"\nPrayagraj Express Prayagraj Express is an Indian Railways express train which runs between the cities of Prayagraj and New Delhi, India. It is, along with the prestigious Shaan - E - Bhopal Express, one of the \"\"first\"\" ISO 9002 certified trains of India because of its security features and high priority on the Indian Railways. But it takes 2 hours more than Rajdhani Express to cover the same distance. It is also slower than some other superfast trains in this section, but has one of highest commercial speeds among Non-Rajdhani trains. On 18 December 2016, replacing the old ICF coaches,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14609138",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian locomotive class WAP-5\"\n. Braking systems include regenerative brakes, loco disc brakes, automatic train air brakes, and a charged spring parking brake. On 3 July 2014, a WAP-5 set an Indian speed record by hauling a train from Delhi to Agra within 90 minutes at a speed of . The Gatimaan Express and Bhopal Shatabdi trains hauled by WAP-5 locomotives travel at and respectively in the New Delhi - Agra Cantt section. In October 2015, Chittaranjan Locomotive Works rolled out a WAP-5 locomotive (no. 30086) with a gear ratio of 59:35:19 for speed operations up to . The control software was also modified",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3251364",
"chunk_text": "\"Future of rail transport in India\"\ncorridor for an additional cost of , to avoid the difficulties of acquiring land, building underpasses, and constructing protective fencing. Indian Railways will operate the corridor for a five-year period after its commissioning, and afterwards will be turned over to a private operator. Construction work of the corridor began in 2017 and will be completed by 2022. A semi-high-speed rail network will be introduced for connecting important routes, including Delhi-Agra, Delhi-Kanpur, Chennai-Hyderabad, Nagpur-Secunderabad, and Mumbai-Goa. Initially, the trains will operate at a maximum speed of 160 km/h, which will be increased to 200 km/h after the rails are strengthened and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20473964",
"chunk_text": "\"New Delhi–Mumbai main line\"\nNew Delhi–Mumbai main line The Delhi–Mumbai line is a major railway line in India. Linking the national capital of New Delhi with financial capital Mumbai, this railway line covers a distance of across the Indian states of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. Mumbai Rajdhani Express which the fastest Rajdhani Express travels on this line and covers the distance between Delhi and Mumbai in 15 hours and 40 minutes at an average speed of 91 km/hr. In 2016, Spanish high speed rail manufacturer Talgo conducted several trials of its high speed train between Mumbai. The train",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14499756",
"chunk_text": "\"High-speed rail in India\"\nof Train 18 will have 16 coaches consisting of 2 Executive Chair Cars and 14 AC Chair Cars, it will operate at 160 km/h, while Train 20 will have 20 coaches consisting of AC First Class sleeper, AC II Tier sleeper, AC III Tier sleeper classes and an AC Chair Car, it will operate at 160 km/h. Train 20's proposed top speed to be 176 km/h. Critics point out that Delhi-Agra time savings are not based on the speed of train but based on other factors. According to critics, the reduction in travel time due to speed is a mere",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_440
|
who are the permanent member of un security council?
|
n/a
|
[
"China",
"United Kingdom",
"United States",
"Russia",
"France"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5844467",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nelected. Any one of the five permanent members have the power of veto, which enables them to prevent the adoption of any \"\"substantive\"\" draft Council resolution, regardless of its level of international support. At the UN's founding in 1945, the five permanent members of the Security Council were the French Republic, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. There have been two seat changes since then, although not reflected in of the United Nations Charter as it has not been accordingly amended: Additionally, France reformed its provisional government into the French Fourth Republic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317697",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nSecurity Council's five permanent members, below, have the power to veto any substantive resolution; this allows a permanent member to block adoption of a resolution, but not to prevent or end debate. At the UN's founding in 1945, the five permanent members of the Security Council were the Republic of China, the French Republic, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. There have been two major seat changes since then. China's seat was originally held by Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Government, the Republic of China. However, the Nationalists were forced to retreat to the island of Taiwan in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7948748",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nPermanent members of the United Nations Security Council The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (also known as the Permanent Five, Big Five, or P5) are the five states which the UN Charter of 1945 grants a permanent seat on the UN Security Council: China (formerly the Republic of China), France, Russia (formerly the Soviet Union), the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries were all allies in World War II, which they won. They are also all nuclear weapons states. A total of 15 UN member states serve on the UNSC, the remainder of which are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5844466",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nPermanent members of the United Nations Security Council The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (also known as the Permanent Five, Big Five, or P5) are the five states which the UN Charter of 1945 grants a permanent seat on the UN Security Council: China (formerly the Republic of China), France, Russia (formerly the Soviet Union), the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries were all allies in World War II, which they won. They are also all nuclear weapons states. A total of 15 UN member states serve on the UNSC, the remainder of which are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317710",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nto block the re-election of Boutros Boutros-Ghali in 1996. Along with the five permanent members, the Security Council has temporary members that hold their seats on a rotating basis by geographic region. Non-permanent members may be involved in global security briefings. In its first two decades, the Security Council had six non-permanent members, the first of which were Australia, Brazil, Egypt, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Poland. In 1965, the number of non-permanent members was expanded to ten. These ten non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for two-year terms starting on 1 January, with five replaced each year. To",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317727",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nmembers and the accession of Germany, Brazil, India and Japan to permanent member status, as well as an increase in the presence by African countries on the Council. China has supported the stronger representation of developing countries and firmly opposed Japan's membership. In 2017, it was reported that the G4 nations were willing to temporarily forgo veto power if granted permanent UNSC seats. In September 2017, U.S. Representatives Ami Bera and Frank Pallone introduced a resolution (H.Res.535) in the US House of Representatives (115th United States Congress), seeking support for India for a permanent membership of the United Nations Security",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7690550",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations\"\nto member states, the Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member states have agreed to carry out, under the terms of Charter Article 25. The decisions of the Council are known as United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Security Council is made up of fifteen member states, consisting of five permanent members—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly (with end of term date)—Bolivia (term ends 2018), Côte d'Ivoire (2019), Equatorial Guinea (2019), Ethiopia (2018), Kazakhstan (2018), Kuwait (2019), Netherlands (2018), Peru (2019),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317674",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nmilitary and peacekeeping missions in Kuwait, Namibia, Cambodia, Bosnia, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Security Council consists of fifteen members. The great powers that were the victors of World War II—the Soviet Union (now represented by the Russian Federation), the United Kingdom, France, the Republic of China (now represented by the People's Republic of China), and the United States—serve as the body's five permanent members. These permanent members can veto any substantive Security Council resolution, including those on the admission of new member states or candidates for Secretary-General. The Security Council also has 10 non-permanent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6822069",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council resolution\"\nmembers. The five permanent members are the People's Republic of China (which replaced the Republic of China in 1971), France, Russia (which replaced the defunct Soviet Union in 1991), the United Kingdom, and the United States. The term \"\"resolution\"\" does not appear in the text of the United Nations Charter. It contains numerous formulations, such as \"\"decision\"\" or \"\"recommendation\"\", which imply the adoption of resolutions which do not specify the method to be used. The UN Charter is a multilateral treaty. It is the constitutional document that distributes powers and functions among the various UN organs. It authorizes the Security",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20430464",
"chunk_text": "\"Kazakhstan's membership in the United Nations Security Council\"\nparticular such threats like terrorism growth, illegal drugs production, human trafficking, and also the presence of \"\"Islamic State\"\" and Al-Qaida. The UN Security Council is a standing body of the United Nations, which is entrusted with the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. The Security Council consists of 15 members, 5 of which are permanent (United Kingdom, China, Russia, United States, France), and 10 are non-permanent, elected by the UN General Assembly for a two-year period for 5 countries each year. In 2017, non-permanent members of the UN Security Council include Bolivia, Egypt, Italy, Kazakhstan, Senegal,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7948747",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nby their respective groups. Japan was elected for eleven two-year terms, Brazil for ten terms, and Germany for three terms. India has been elected to the council seven times in total, with the most recent successful bid being in 2010 after a gap of almost twenty years since 1991–92. In 2013, the P5 and G4 members of the UN Security Council accounted for eight of the world's ten largest defence budgets, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). The following are the heads of state and government that represent the permanent members of the UN Security Council :",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8467785",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council veto power\"\nUnited Nations Security Council veto power The United Nations Security Council \"\"veto power\"\" refers to the power of the permanent members of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States) to veto any \"\"substantive\"\" resolution. A permanent member's abstention or absence does not prevent a draft resolution from being adopted. This veto power does not apply to \"\"procedural\"\" votes, as determined by the permanent members themselves. A permanent member can also block the selection of a Secretary-General, although a formal veto is unnecessary since the vote is taken behind closed doors. The unconditional veto possessed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13123492",
"chunk_text": "\"Chapter V of the United Nations Charter\"\nChapter V of the United Nations Charter Chapter V of the United Nations Charter contains provisions establishing the United Nations Security Council. Article 23 establishes the composition of the Security Council, with five permanent members (the Republic of China, (\"\"currently\"\" People's Republic of China), France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 non-permanent members elected by the General Assembly. The non-permanent members serve two year terms and cannot be immediately re-elected. In the selection process for these non-permanent members, the treaty calls for \"\"due regard being specially paid, in the first instance to the contribution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634451",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\nof temporary seats. Most of the leading candidates for permanent membership are regularly elected onto the Security Council by their respective continental groups: Japan was elected for eleven two-year terms, Brazil for ten terms, and Germany for three terms. India has been elected to the council seven times in total, with the most recent successful bid being in 2010 after a gap of almost twenty years since 1991–92. In 2017, it was reported that the G4 nations were willing to temporarily forgo veto power if granted a permanent UNSC seat. As of 2013, the current \"\"P5\"\" members of the Security",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2077919",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations System\"\nof the Security Council, consisting of five veto-wielding permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 elected non-permanent members with two-year terms. This basic structure is set out in Chapter V of the UN Charter. Security Council members must always be present at UN headquarters in New York so that the Security Council can meet at any time. The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) constitutes one of the six principal organs (one is not active, as of 2011) of the United Nations. It is responsible for co-ordinating the economic, social and related",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634445",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\nthe stronger representation of developing countries, voicing support for India. Russia has also endorsed India's candidature for a permanent seat on the Security Council. In September 2017, U.S. Representatives Ami Bera and Frank Pallone introduced a resolution (H.Res.535) in the US House of Representatives (115th United States Congress), seeking support for India for a permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council. The General Assembly Task Force on Security Council Reform has delivered a Report (on the question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council) recommending a compromise solution for entering intergovernmental negotiations on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7690551",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations\"\nPoland (2019), and Sweden (2018). The five permanent members hold veto power over UN resolutions, allowing a permanent member to block adoption of a resolution, though not debate. The ten temporary seats are held for two-year terms, with five member states per year voted in by the General Assembly on a regional basis. The presidency of the Security Council rotates alphabetically each month. The UN Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General, assisted by the Deputy Secretary-General and a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by UN bodies for their meetings. It also carries",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16879171",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nanother's bids for permanent seats. This sort of reform has traditionally been opposed by the \"\"Uniting for Consensus\"\" group, which is composed primarily of nations that are regional rivals and economic competitors of the G4. The group is led by Italy and Spain (opposing Germany), Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina (opposing Brazil), Pakistan (opposing India), and South Korea (opposing Japan), in addition to Turkey, Indonesia and others. Since 1992, Italy and other council members have instead proposed semi-permanent seats or expanding the number of temporary seats. Most of the leading candidates for permanent membership are regularly elected onto the Security Council",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16879170",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nvotes, which is significant in that the Security Council's permanent membership can vote against a \"\"procedural\"\" draft resolution, without necessarily blocking its adoption by the Council. The veto is exercised when any permanent member—the so-called \"\"P5\"\"—casts a \"\"negative\"\" vote on a \"\"substantive\"\" draft resolution. Abstention or absence from the vote by a permanent member does \"\"not\"\" prevent a draft resolution from being adopted. There have been proposals suggesting the introduction of new permanent members. The candidates usually mentioned are Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan. They comprise the group of four countries known as the G4 nations, which mutually support one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16879168",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council\"\nin 1946 and later into the French Fifth Republic in 1958, both under the leadership of Charles de Gaulle. France maintained its seat as there was no change in its international status or recognition, although many of its overseas possessions eventually became independent. The five permanent members of the Security Council were the victorious powers in World War II and have maintained the world's most powerful military forces ever since. They annually top the list of countries with the highest military expenditures; in 2011, they spent over US$1 trillion combined on defence, accounting for over 60% of global military expenditures",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634455",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\nnations mutually support each other in their bids. Other countries that advocate permanent Brazilian membership of the UNSC include Australia, Chile, Finland, Guatemala, Indonesia, the Philippines, Slovenia, South Africa, and Vietnam is the third largest contributor to the U.N. regular budgets next to Japan, and as such, argues for a permanent Security Council seat. Germany has been elected to the Security Council as a non-permanent member three times as a unified state, as well as three times when it was divided (twice for the West, once for the East). France has explicitly called for a permanent seat in the UN",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11827812",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council veto power\"\nInternational Criminal Court (ICC) for a period of 12 months. Resolution 1422 was adopted as a consequence to the US veto on 30 June 2002 to the renewal of the Peace-keeping operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a State Party to the Rome Statute of the ICC. United Nations Security Council veto power The United Nations Security Council \"\"veto power\"\" refers to the power of the permanent members of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States) to veto any \"\"substantive\"\" resolution. A permanent member's abstention or absence does not prevent a draft resolution from being adopted.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3889057",
"chunk_text": "\"G4 nations\"\nand India for four terms. Cumulatively, the G4 has spent 64 years on the Security Council since the UN's inception, with each country serving at least a decade. By comparison, the three permanent members of the Security Council who have maintained their seats since the UN's founding (France, the UK, and the US) have each accrued years of membership. The People's Republic of China has held its permanent seat for years, since it replaced the Republic of China in 1971, and Russia has held its permanent seat for years, since it replaced the Soviet Union in 1991. The United Kingdom",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4371829",
"chunk_text": "\"Seventy-first session of the United Nations General Assembly\"\nLanguages\"\" and called upon UNESCO to \"\"serve as the lead agency for the Year.\"\" The election of non-permanent members to the Security Council for 2017–2018 was held on 28 June 2016, in which Angola, Malaysia, Venezuela, New Zealand and Spain were replaced by Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Bolivia, Sweden and Italy/Netherlands (who agreed to split the term over one year each with Italy starting first). An election to choose 18 members of the United Nations Human Rights Council for a three-year term will take place. A new Secretary-General, António Guterres, was chosen on 6 October 2016 and assumed office on 1 January",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6839877",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 United Nations Security Council election\"\nfor the remainder of Italy's term. In accordance with the Security Council's rotation rules, whereby the ten non-permanent UNSC seats rotate among the various regional blocs into which UN member states traditionally divide themselves for voting and representation purposes, the five regularly available seats are allocated as follows: The six elected members began their two-year terms on the 1st of January, 2018 , and will continue to serve on the Security Council until the end of 2019. As a result of the rotation policy implemented by the Security Council for designation of its temporary seats, two nations from Africa would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18338847",
"chunk_text": "\"1967 United Nations Security Council election\"\n1967 United Nations Security Council election The 1967 United Nations Security Council election was held on 6 November 1967 during the Twenty-second session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Algeria, Hungary, Pakistan, Paraguay, and Senegal, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1968. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may not immediately",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "694948",
"chunk_text": "\"Charter of the United Nations\"\nUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council. The General Assembly shall elect ten other Members of the United Nations to be non-permanent members of the Security Council, due regard being specially paid, in the first instance to the contribution of Members of the United Nations to the maintenance of international peace and security and to the other purposes of the Organization, and also to equitable geographical distribution. 2. The non-permanent members of the Security Council shall be elected for a term of two years. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1799077",
"chunk_text": "\"1992 United Nations Security Council election\"\n1992 United Nations Security Council election The 1992 United Nations Security Council election was held on 27 October 1992 during the Forty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Brazil, Djibouti, New Zealand, Pakistan, and Spain, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1993. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14787386",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council veto power\"\nof the United Nations Security Council. France and the United Kingdom have not vetoed any resolutions since 1989. China last used the veto power in 2017, while Russia and the United States have both exercised their veto power in 2018. Between 1946 and 1971, the Chinese seat on the Security Council was the government of the Republic of China (that retreated to Taiwan in 1949) during which time its representative used the veto only once, to block Mongolia's application for membership in 1955, because the ROC considered the country to be a part of China. This postponed the admission of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317723",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nthe UN Charter and have continued to the present day. As British historian Paul Kennedy writes, \"\"Everyone agrees that the present structure is flawed. But consensus on how to fix it remains out of reach.\"\" There has been discussion of increasing the number of permanent members. The countries who have made the strongest demands for permanent seats are Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan. Japan and Germany, the main defeated powers in WWII, are now the UN's second- and third-largest funders respectively, while Brazil and India are two of the largest contributors of troops to UN-mandated peace-keeping missions. Italy, the third",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5057162",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118\"\nKingdom (William Hague), Luxembourg (Jean Asselborn), France (Laurent Fabius), Azerbaijan (Elmar Mammadyarov), South Korea (Yun Byung-se), China (Wang Yi), Guatemala (Fernando Carrera), Morocco (Saad-Eddine El Othmani) and Argentina (Héctor Timerman), as well as the Adviser to the Prime Minister on National Security and Foreign Affairs of Pakistan (Sartaj Aziz) and the permanent representatives of Rwanda, Togo and Australia. After recalling United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1540, 2042 and 2043, the resolution reaffirmed the Security Council′s \"\"strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic\"\", reaffirmed \"\"that the proliferation of chemical weapons, as well as their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6839867",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 United Nations Security Council election\"\na non-permanent member of the UN Security Council.\"\" In May 2016, the World Federation of United Nations Associations hosted the first open debates for UN Member States competing for a seat as a non-permanent member to the Security Council. All five contenders participated in the debate. Kazakhstan became the first Central Asian country to sit on the UNSC. Following five rounds of inconclusive voting, Bert Koenders and Paolo Gentiloni, Foreign Ministers of the Netherlands and Italy respectively, announced a proposal whereby the Netherlands and Italy would split the two-year term with each country serving one year. Such arrangements were relatively",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3099046",
"chunk_text": "\"Seventy-second session of the United Nations General Assembly\"\nAssembly resolution ES-10/L.22 passed by 128 votes to nine against with 21 absentees and 35 abstentions. The election of non-permanent members to the Security Council for 2018–2019 was held on 2 June 2017, in which Equatorial Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kuwait, Peru and Poland were elected to fill seats that will be vacated by Egypt, Senegal, Uruguay, Japan and Ukraine on 31 December 2017. Newly-elected countries will take their seats on 1 January 2018. An election to choose 18 members of the United Nations Human Rights Council for a three-year term will take place. Seventy-second session of the United Nations General",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18338850",
"chunk_text": "\"1967 United Nations Security Council election\"\n118 ballot papers were used. Source: 1967 United Nations Security Council election The 1967 United Nations Security Council election was held on 6 November 1967 during the Twenty-second session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Algeria, Hungary, Pakistan, Paraguay, and Senegal, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1968. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16024269",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\ndominant issue. France, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the UK, and US were selected as permanent members of the Security Council; the US attempted to add Brazil as a sixth member, but was opposed by the heads of the Soviet and British delegations. The most contentious issue at Dumbarton and in successive talks proved to be the veto rights of permanent members. The Soviet delegation argued that each nation should have an absolute veto that could block matters from even being discussed, while the British argued that nations should not be able to veto resolutions on disputes to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317726",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nArab League. On 21 September 2004, the G4 nations issued a joint statement mutually backing each other's claim to permanent status, together with two African countries. Currently the proposal has to be accepted by two-thirds of the General Assembly (128 votes). The permanent members, each holding the right of veto, announced their positions on Security Council reform reluctantly. The United States has unequivocally supported the permanent membership of Japan and lent its support to India and a small number of additional non-permanent members. The United Kingdom and France essentially supported the G4 position, with the expansion of permanent and non-permanent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634461",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\npermanent members of the UN Security Council could be chosen ... with a vote by the fans ... Then the perm-five would be Russia, China, India, Britain and the United States ... India is the world's largest democracy.\"\" India's bid for permanent member of UNSC is now backed by four of the five permanent members, namely France, Russia, United Kingdom and United States. On 15 April 2011, China officially expressed its support for an increased Indian role at the United Nations, without explicitly endorsing India's Security Council ambitions. A few months later, China endorsed Indian candidacy as a permanent UNSC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317724",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nmain defeated power in WWII and now the UN's sixth-largest funder, leads a movement known as the Uniting for Consensus in opposition to the possible expansion of permanent seats. Core members of the group include Canada, South Korea, Spain, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, Turkey, Argentina and Colombia. Their proposal is to create a new category of seats, still non-permanent, but elected for an extended duration (semi-permanent seats). As far as traditional categories of seats are concerned, the UfC proposal does not imply any change, but only the introduction of small and medium size states among groups eligible for regular seats. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317725",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nproposal includes even the question of veto, giving a range of options that goes from abolition to limitation of the application of the veto only to Chapter VII matters. Former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan asked a team of advisers to come up with recommendations for reforming the United Nations by the end of 2004. One proposed measure is to increase the number of permanent members by five, which, in most proposals, would include Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan (known as the G4 nations), one seat from Africa (most likely between Egypt, Nigeria or South Africa), and/or one seat from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18339684",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 United Nations Security Council election\"\nwere invalidated. 1966 United Nations Security Council election The 1966 United Nations Security Council election was held on 11 November 1966 during the Twenty-first session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Ethiopia, and India, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1967. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634465",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\nCondoleezza Rice, speaking at Sophia University in Tokyo, said, \"\"Japan has earned its honorable place among the nations of the world by its own effort and its own character. That's why the United States unambiguously supports a permanent seat for Japan on the United Nations Security Council.\"\" Her predecessor, Colin Powell, had objected to Japanese permanent membership because Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution forbids the country from going to war unless in self-defense. Some other Asian nations have expressed support for Japan's application, including Mongolia, Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Vietnam—all major recipients of loan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18339681",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 United Nations Security Council election\"\n1966 United Nations Security Council election The 1966 United Nations Security Council election was held on 11 November 1966 during the Twenty-first session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Ethiopia, and India, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1967. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may not immediately",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317672",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nUnited Nations Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter. Its powers include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military action through Security Council resolutions; it is the only UN body with the authority to issue binding resolutions to member states. The Security Council held its first session on 17 January 1946.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1890869",
"chunk_text": "\"Permanent representative\"\nPermanent representative A permanent representative is a diplomat who is the head of a country’s diplomatic mission to an international organisation. Organizations that receive permanent representatives from their member states include the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, NATO, the European Union, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Organization of American States. Permanent representatives can be sent to subunits or field offices of an organization. For example, in addition to the permanent representatives sent to the United Nations headquarters in New York City, UN member states also appoint permanent representatives to other UN offices, such as those in Geneva,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18182159",
"chunk_text": "\"1978 United Nations Security Council election\"\n1978 United Nations Security Council election The 1978 United Nations Security Council election was held on 10 November 1978 during the Thirty-third session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Bangladesh, Jamaica, Norway, Portugal, and Zambia, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1979. The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may not immediately",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2303801",
"chunk_text": "\"Seventy-third session of the United Nations General Assembly\"\nachieving a world free of terrorism by 2045. The following are resolutions the General Assembly has passed in its 73rd session, . More resolutions will come during the course of the session. The election of non-permanent members to the Security Council for 2018–2019 was held on 8 June 2018, in which South Africa, Indonesia, Dominican Republic, Germany and Belgium were elected. Seventy-third session of the United Nations General Assembly The Seventy-third session of the United Nations General Assembly was opened on 18 September 2018. The President of the United Nations General Assembly is from the GRULAC group. Ecuadorian Foreign Minister,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2837695",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Mission to the United Nations\"\nto the United Nations. The position is more formally known by the exact title: The position is also known as simply the US Permanent Representative, or \"\"Perm Rep\"\", to the United Nations. The U.S. Permanent Representative, currently Nikki Haley, is charged with representing the United States on the UN Security Council and during almost all plenary meetings of the General Assembly, except in the rare situation in which a more senior officer of the United States (such as the U.S. Secretary of State or the President of the United States) is present. Like all United States ambassadors, he or she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10634463",
"chunk_text": "\"Reform of the United Nations Security Council\"\nNew Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Qatar, Romania, Serbia, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Slovakia, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia and Zimbabwe. As a whole, the African Union also supports India's candidacy for permanent member of the UNSC. , which joined the UN in 1956, is the second-largest contributor to the UN's regular budget. Its payments had surpassed the sum of those of the United Kingdom, France, China and Russia combined for nearly two decades before 2010.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14317708",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\nSoviet/Russian vetoes were in the first ten years of the Security Council's existence. Between 1996 and 2012, China vetoed 5 resolutions, Russia 7, and the US 13, while France and the UK did not use the veto. An early veto by Soviet Commissar Andrei Vishinsky blocked a resolution on the withdrawal of French forces from the then-colonies of Syria and Lebanon in February 1946; this veto established the precedent that permanent members could use the veto on matters outside of immediate concerns of war and peace. The USSR went on to veto matters including the admission of Austria, Cambodia, Ceylon,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16024312",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Security Council\"\n2006 that the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, who are all nuclear powers, have created an exclusive nuclear club that predominately addresses the strategic interests and political motives of the permanent members—for example, protecting the oil-rich Kuwaitis in 1991 but poorly protecting resource-poor Rwandans in 1994. Since three of the five permanent members are also European, and four are predominantly white Western nations, the Security Council has been described as a pillar of global apartheid by Titus Alexander, former Chair of Westminster United Nations Association. The Security Council's effectiveness and relevance is questioned by some because,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_441
|
what is the enrollment at university of miami?
|
n/a
|
[
"16,801",
"16,801 students"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592658",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\n82 percent graduating within 5 years, and 84 percent graduating within 6 years. Male student-athletes have a 56 percent graduation rate, and 67 percent of female student-athletes graduate within 6 years. UM received a record 34,279 undergraduate applications for fall 2018 and reported an acceptance rate of 32.1%. In 2018, the mean ACT score of enrolled students was 31, and the mean SAT score was 1340. There are currently 2,660 full-time faculty members, with 97 percent of regular faculty holding doctorates or terminal degrees in their field. UM has a student-faculty ratio of 12:1. The University of Miami is accredited",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "678742",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nUniversity of Miami The University of Miami (informally referred to as UM, U of M, or The U) is a private, nonsectarian research university in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. , the university enrolls 17,331 students in 12 separate colleges/schools, including the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine in Miami's Health District, a law school on the main campus, and the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science focused on the study of oceanography and atmospheric sciences on Virginia Key, with research facilities at the Richmond Facility in southern Miami-Dade County. The university offers 138 undergraduate, 144 master's, and 68",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973484",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nis Miami's student-run fashion magazine that publishes an issue each semester and also maintains a blog. As of 2017, Miami University has a total enrollment of 24,424 admitted students. The Oxford campus encompasses 19,452 students, of which 17,147 are at the undergraduate and 2,305 at the graduates and professional. Although 40.5% of students come from Ohio, offers of first-year admission for Fall 2017 included students from all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia and abroad. Miami University encompasses 3,056 international students from 85 countries. Of the regularly enrolled international students, the most represented countries/regions are China, India, Vietnam and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19702322",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nconstitutional law expert John Hart Ely, head of the Administrative Conference of the United States, legal expert Paul R. Verkuil, bassist Jaco Pastorius, guitarist Pat Metheny, artist Walter Darby Bannard, and philosopher Colin McGinn. University of Miami The University of Miami (informally referred to as UM, U of M, or The U) is a private, nonsectarian research university in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. , the university enrolls 17,331 students in 12 separate colleges/schools, including the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine in Miami's Health District, a law school on the main campus, and the Rosenstiel School of Marine and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14761129",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami School of Law\"\nto a LL.M. degree in taxation, estate planning, real property, comparative law, inter-American law, international law, international arbitration, and ocean and coastal law. The University of Miami School of Law has a total student body of approximately 1,250. For the class of 2021, 50% are female, 50% are minorities, 44% come from out-of-state, 58% speak more than one language, and 37% enroll directly after graduating from college. Students range in age from 19 to 49. The 75th/25th percentiles for the LSAT are 161/155 and for undergraduate GPA are 3.65/3.17. The school offers students the opportunity to compete for membership on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13712666",
"chunk_text": "Miami\ncareers. Colleges and universities in and around Miami: Public schools in Miami are governed by Miami-Dade County Public Schools, which is the largest school district in Florida and the fourth-largest in the United States. As of September 2008 it has a student enrollment of 385,655 and over 392 schools and centers. The district is also the largest minority public school system in the country, with 60% of its students being of Hispanic origin, 28% Black or West Indian American, 10% White (non-Hispanic) and 2% non-white of other minorities. Miami is home to some of the nation's best high schools, such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973463",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nIt is affiliated with the University System of Ohio. Miami University is well known for its liberal arts education; it offers more than 120 undergraduate degree programs and over 60 graduate degree programs within its 8 schools and colleges in architecture, business, engineering, humanities and the sciences. In its 2017 edition, \"\"U.S. News & World Report\"\" ranked the university 79th among national universities and the 30th top public university in the United States. Additionally, Miami University is ranked 2nd best national university (1st among public institutions) for undergraduate teaching. Miami University is one of the original eight Public Ivy schools.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973478",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nbeautiful campus. Newsweek rated Miami No. 19, in its 2012 list of Most Beautiful Schools and poet Robert Frost described it as \"\"The most beautiful campus that ever there was.\"\" Miami is a large, primarily residential teaching university with a focus on undergraduate studies. The university offers more than 100 majors, 48 minors, and 11 co-majors. Miami University has seven academic divisions: The College of Arts and Science (or CAS) is the oldest and largest college at Miami, with over 75% of the undergraduate student body enrollment. The CAS offers more than 60 majors covering a broad range of areas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519130",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nTraining Program 25th in the nation. The National Science Foundation ranks UM 89th out of 431 research institutions in the number of granted doctorate degrees in its FY 2016 survey. It ranked 62nd out of 902 institutions in terms of total research and development expenditures in 2016. The Academic Ranking of World Universities rates UM one of the world's top 150 academic institutions. In \"\"Forbes\"\" magazine's 2010 rankings of 600 undergraduate institutions, UM ranked 293rd. In 2012, \"\"Forbes\"\" gave the University of Miami a 132 overall ranking and ranked it among the 115 top private universities and among the top",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "678743",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\ndoctoral degree programs, of which 64 are research/scholarship and four professional areas of study. Over the years, the university's students have represented all 50 states and close to 150 foreign countries. With more than 15,000 full and part-time faculty and staff, UM is a top 10 employer in Miami-Dade County. UM's main campus in Coral Gables has 239 acres and over 5.7 million square feet of buildings. Research is a component of each academic division, with UM attracting $345.8 million in sponsored research grants in FY 2018. UM offers a large library system with over 3.9 million volumes and exceptional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519125",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nby the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and 19 additional professional accrediting agencies. It is a member of the American Association of University Women, the American Council on Education, the American Council of Learned Societies, the Association of American Colleges and Universities, the Florida Association of Colleges and Universities, the Independent Colleges & Universities of Florida, and the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. UM is led by a board of trustees. The board has 48 elected members, 3 alumni representatives, 23 senior members, 4 national members, 6 \"\"ex officio\"\" members, 14 emeriti members and 1 student representative.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973491",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nare also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The campus has a total of 46 residence halls, the newest of which opened in 2018. The residence halls are organized into 8 quads throughout campus: Within its existing residential life programs, Miami offers students the option of choosing from 35 theme-based living learning communities (LLCs). All first-year residential halls on campus participate in the LLC program to create bonds among students based on their field of study and shared interests. In an LLC, students are co-enrolled into one or more classes, which further support student's transition into the university's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11806178",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami School of Law\"\nby the Honor Council President. According to University of Miami's official 2017 ABA-required disclosures, 75% of the Class of 2017 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation. University of Miami's Law School Transparency under-employment score is 13.8%, indicating the percentage of the Class of 2017 unemployed, pursuing an additional degree, or working in a non-professional, short-term, or part-time job nine months after graduation. The total cost of attendance (indicating the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses) at University of Miami School of Law for the 2015–2016 academic year is $74,815. The Law School Transparency estimated debt-financed cost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11514400",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami Business School\"\nand network with alumni. The Canes Behavioral Laboratory allows undergraduate marketing students to use behavioral research software to participate in marketing research. The Executive MBA program allows students to work toward a degree over 23 months on a part-time basis. Students attend classes on the Coral Gables campus that are taught by the same faculty that teach the full-time MBA program. The Executive MBA program begins each January with Saturday courses. The average age of its students is 37, and students have an average of 11 years of work experience. The average class size is 30. The UM also offers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592657",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nthe Abess Center, UM launched the R.J. Dunlap Marine Conservation Program to educate students on the importance of protecting the marine environment. In 2017, undergraduates were composed of: 28 percent from the Greater Miami area, 11 percent from other parts of Florida, 46 percent from other U.S. states, and 15 percent were international students. Graduate students were composed of: 42 percent from the Greater Miami area, 11 percent from other parts of Florida, 29 percent from other U.S. states, and 17 percent were international students. As of 2011, UM reported the following graduation rates: 72 percent graduating within 4 years,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973018",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami metropolitan area\"\n[] or alveolar trill [r] in Spanish. Education: In 2005, 83% of people 25 years and over had at least graduated from high school and 30% had a bachelor's degree or higher. Among people 16 to 19 years old, 7% were dropouts; they were not enrolled in school and had not graduated from high school. The total school enrollment in Miami Metro Area was 1.4 million in 2005. Nursery school and kindergarten enrollment was 170,000 and elementary or high school enrollment was 879,000 children. College or graduate school enrollment was 354,000. Occupations and Type of Employer: Among the most common",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973486",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nstudents of color among all five major public universities in Ohio. For the 2017-18 academic year, Miami had over 600 registered student organizations. These clubs and organizations run the gamut from varsity sports clubs to professional fraternities, from political and religious groups to fashion, theatre and LGBTQ+ organizations. The university recognizes the Associated Student Government (ASG) that represents student interests to faculty, administrators, and the Ohio Legislature. It is the official student government of Miami University. It has an executive branch run by a student president and 14 members of the executive cabinet who work with administrators in all areas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592673",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\ndisk storage. The university is affiliated with 31 fraternities and sororities. Six of them (Alpha Epsilon Pi, Alpha Sigma Phi, Lambda Chi Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Sigma Chi, and Zeta Beta Tau) have houses on campus. Among the service groups organized by students are Amnesty International and Habitat for Humanity. Students organize the \"\"Ibis\"\" yearbook, UMTV (a cable TV channel carried on Comcast Channel 96, which includes nine programs, many of which have won national awards), UniMiami (a Spanish-speaking Cable TV broadcast), the student-run \"\"Distraction Magazine\"\" and the campus radio station WVUM. Since 1929, students have published \"\"The Miami Hurricane\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13712665",
"chunk_text": "Miami\nin the neighborhood of Coconut Grove . Miami has over 200,000 students enrolled in local colleges and universities, placing it seventh in the nation in per capita university enrollment. In 2010, the city's four largest colleges and universities (MDC, FIU, UM, and Barry) graduated 28,000 students. Miami is also home to both for-profit and nonprofit organizations that offer a range of professional training and other, related educational programs. \"\"Per\"\" Scholas, for example is a nonprofit organization that offers free professional certification training directed towards successfully passing CompTIA A+ and Network+ certification exams as a route to securing jobs and building",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592667",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nannounced that it was making a substantial donation of rare books, maps, and manuscripts to the UM Libraries and to Miami Dade College. The collection includes the earliest published copies of Columbus's letter on the first voyage. UM is classified as an \"\"R1\"\" institution: a doctoral university having \"\"highest research activity\"\". Sponsored research expenditures for fiscal year 2017 were $325.3 million. Those funds support over 5,000 graduate students and postdoctoral trainees. In fiscal year 2016, UM received $195 million in federal research funding, including $131.3 million from the Department of Health and Human Services and $14.1 million from the National",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592662",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nprogram in executive education as part of its school of business administration. A partnership with nearby Florida International University, also allows students from both schools to take graduate classes at either university, allowing graduate students to take a wider variety of courses. In addition, the Miller School of Medicine offers separate PhD and MD/PhD programs in several biomedical sciences. The Department of Community Service, staffed by volunteer medical students and physicians from UM's Leonard M. School of Medicine, provides free medical and other community services in Miami and surrounding communities. For the fiscal year ending May 2012, UM had $2,403,500,000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973470",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nSchool took up residence on campus. During wartime in 1943, the population of the University became majority women. Due to the G.I. Bill, tuition for veterans decreased; the enrollment at Miami jumped from 2,200 to 4,100 students. Temporary lodges were constructed to accommodate the number of students. By 1952, the student body had grown to 5,000. In 1954, Miami created a common curriculum for all students to complete to have a base for their other subjects. By 1964, enrollment reached nearly 15,000. To accommodate the growing number of students, Miami University started a regional branch of the University at Middletown,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586141",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nthan 98 percent of its operating budget from other sources. In 2011, UM was ranked the nation's most fiscally-responsible nonprofit organization by \"\"Worth magazine\"\", in a report issued in collaboration with nonprofit watchdog Charity Navigator. On April 13, 2015, the university announced that Julio Frenk would be the university's sixth president. Frenk previously served as dean of Harvard University's T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Mexico's Secretariat of Health. UM's main campus spans in Coral Gables, located immediately south of the city of Miami. Most of the University of Miami's academic programs are located on the main campus in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973469",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nstudents and women made up about a third of the student body. Andrew Carnegie pledged $40,000 to help build a new library for the University. Enrollment in 1923 was at 1,500 students. The Oxford College for Women merged with Miami University in 1928. By the early 1930s, enrollment had reached 2,200 students. The conservative environment found on campus called for little change during the problems of the Great Depression, and only about 10 percent of students in the 1930s were on government subsidies. During World War II, Miami changed its curriculum to include \"\"war emergency courses\"\" and a Navy Training",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3940264",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nliberal arts education. Smaller groups of students may also create their second year LLC to further their learning together. Each residence hall has various residence assistants (RAs) who are full-time enrolled students that assist the Office of Residence Life to promote community engagement, enforce hall and university policies, submit residence hall reports, and promote academic success. Residence halls also have representatives that participate collectively in the Residence Hall Association and the student senate. Miami has 21 active sorority and 30 active fraternity chapters. Miami is nicknamed the Mother of Fraternities for the number of fraternities that started on its campus:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12709516",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami Business School\"\nAdministration (BSBA). Undergraduates at MBS can choose from 14 different majors and minors in Accounting, Business Analytics, Business Technology, Economics, Entrepreneurship, Finance, Global Business, Health Management and Policy, Human Resources, International Finance and Marketing, Legal Studies, Management, Marketing, and Real Estate. They are also permitted to pursue additional majors and minors in other disciplines in the College of Arts & Sciences, the School of Education & Human Development, the School of Communication, the Frost School of Music, and the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. Undergraduates at MBS may also construct an individualized major in General Business, allowing them",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "678789",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nU.S. federal government, the largest Hispanic-serving recipient and 56th overall. $117 million of the funding was through the Department of Health and Human Services and was used largely for the medical campus. UM maintains one of the largest centralized academic cyber infrastructures in the country with numerous assets. The Center for Computational Science High Performance Computing group has been in continuous operation since 2007. Over that time the core has grown from a zero HPC cyberinfrastructure to a regional high-performance computing environment that currently supports more than 1,200 users, 220 TFlops of computational power, and more than 3 Petabytes of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19702302",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nin total revenues and $2,431,500,000 in functional expenses. In the 2019 issue of \"\"U.S. News & World Report\"\"s \"\"America's Best Colleges,\"\" the University of Miami was ranked 53rd among national universities. \"\"U.S. News\"\"s 2018 ranking of U.S. medical schools ranked the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine as the 50th best medical school for research in the nation, while \"\"US News\"\" ranked the School of Law as the 65th best law school in the nation. In 2018, \"\"U.S. News & World Report\"\" ranked the University of Miami Physical Therapy Department 10th in the nation and the Department of Psychology's Clinical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973480",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\noffers 10 accredited majors at the Oxford campus, and moved into a new $22 million engineering building in 2007. The school also offers four master's degrees in Computer Science, Chemical Engineering, Computational Electrical and Computer Engineering and Mechanical Engineering. The School of Education, Health & Society (formerly Education and Allied Professions) offers 26 undergraduate degrees spanning from areas of teacher education, kinesiology, and health to educational psychology, family studies, and social work. As of fall 2009, nearly 3,500 full-time and part-time undergraduates were enrolled in the school. Miami's School of Creative Arts (formerly Fine Arts) has four departments: architecture and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12709514",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami Business School\"\nthe 1940s, the school expanded its undergraduate offerings to include majors in accounting, commerce, finance, and political science. The school grew to almost 2,000 students. In 1948, its full-time MBA program began, and in 1957, it was accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). In 1973, the school established an executive MBA program. In 1979, the school added a health care specialization to its Executive MBA offerings with what is now the Executive MBA in Health Sector Management and Policy program. From 1992-2007, Paul K. Sugrue served as Dean. In August 2007, Barbara E. Kahn became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973481",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\ninterior design, music, theatre, and art. Each department has its own admission requirements, either a portfolio or audition, which are separate from the standard admissions requirements for the University. Art majors choose a concentration in areas such as ceramics, metals, photography, printmaking, sculpture, graphic design, and interior design. Music majors specify either music performance or music education, and choose their focus, whether instrumental or vocal. Miami offers master's degrees in more than 50 areas of study and doctoral degrees in 14, the largest of which are doctoral degrees in psychology. To enroll in graduate courses, students must first be accepted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586139",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\npresidential election. Starting in 2002, UM conducted a fundraising campaign titled \"\"Momentum: The Campaign for the University of Miami\"\" that ultimately raised $1.37 billion, the most money raised by any college in Florida . Of that amount, $854 million went to the medical campus. On November 30, 2007, UM acquired the Cedars Medical Center and renamed it the \"\"University of Miami Hospital\"\", giving the Miller School of Medicine an in-house teaching hospital rather than being merely affiliated with area hospitals. On February 28, 2006, custodial workers at the University of Miami, who are contracted to the university by a Boston,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973467",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nhalved. By 1873, enrollment fell further to 87 students. The board of trustees closed the school in 1873, and leased the campus for a grammar school. The period before its closing is referred to as \"\"Old Miami.\"\" The university reopened in 1885, having paid all of its debts and repaired many of its buildings; there were 40 students in its first year. Enrollment remained under 100 students throughout the 1800s. Miami focused on aspects outside of the classics, including botany, physics, and geology departments. In 1888, Miami began inter-collegiate football play in a game against the University of Cincinnati. By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12156127",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University Hamilton\"\nMiami University Hamilton Miami University Hamilton is a state-assisted regional campus of Miami University located in Hamilton, Ohio, United States. Miami University Hamilton is a non-residential campus offering bachelor's degrees, associate degrees, one certificate program, and beginning course work for most four-year degrees, and MBA and MEd programs. Enrollment in 2015 was 3,621 students, with a ratio of students to faculty of 27:1. The average age of Miami Hamilton's student body is 24. Miami University Hamilton is a member of the Ohio Regional Campus Conference. The Harriers field competitive teams in men's baseball, women's fast-pitch softball, men's and women's basketball,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14522561",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nMiami 55th nationally. Miami has appeared on the list since it was first published in 1998. \"\"Forbes\"\" ranked Miami 155th in the United States among all colleges and universities and listed it as one of \"\"America's Best College Buys\"\". In March 2014, BusinessWeek ranked the undergraduate business program for the Farmer School of Business at 23rd among all U.S. undergraduate business schools and was ranked 8th among public schools. \"\"Entrepreneur\"\" ranked Miami's Institute for Entrepreneurship in its top ten undergraduate programs in the nation. \"\"The Wall Street Journal\"\" ranked Miami 22nd among state schools for bringing students directly from undergraduate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19420387",
"chunk_text": "\"University of South Florida\"\nuniversity consisted of: 55 percent White, 12 percent African American, 21 percent Hispanic, 7 percent Asian/Pacific Islander, 0.16 percent American Indian, 4 percent two or more races, and 1 percent of students did not report. The Fall 2014 Freshman class of approximately 3,000 students earned admission to the university with an average SAT score of 1191 (reading and math only), ACT score of 27, and high school GPA of 4.00. 51 percent of the members of the incoming class graduated in the top 20 percent of their high school class. Among the incoming class were 8 National Merit Scholars, 7",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18328578",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Florida\"\nFuchs announced a plan to hire 500 new faculty in order to break into the top five best public universities; the majority of new faculty members will be hired in STEM fields. 230 faculty have been hired with the remaining 270 faculty to be hired by fall of 2019. For the 2016-2017 academic year tuition costs were $6,389 for in-state undergraduate students, and $28,666 for out-of-state students. Tuition for online courses is lower and for graduate courses is higher. In 2016, the University of Florida had 35,043 undergraduate students, and 52,286 students in total. The ratio of women to men",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519091",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\ncurrent inflation) to the effort. These contributions were land contracts and mortgages on real estate that had been sold in the city. The university was chartered on April 8, 1925 by the Circuit Court for Dade County. By the fall of 1926, when the first class of 372 students enrolled at UM, the land boom had collapsed, and hopes for a speedy recovery were dashed by a major hurricane. For the next 15 years the university barely remained solvent. The first building on campus, now known as the Merrick Building, was left half built for over two decades due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17413284",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami-Dade County Public Schools\"\ntotal student enrollment of Miami-Dade County Public Schools as of August 30, 2016 was 370,656. The breakdown of students is shown below. Pre-K: 1,533 <br> Kindergarten: 23,555 <br> Grade 1: 25,014 <br> Grade 2: 26,423 <br> Grade 3: 28,679 <br> Grade 4: 26,056 <br> Grade 5: 27,110 <br> Grade 6: 25,784 <br> Grade 7: 26,053 <br> Grade 8: 26,654 <br> Grade 9: 27,211 <br> Grade 10: 27,740 <br> Grade 11: 27,341 <br> Grade 12: 26,392 The district is the second-largest minority-majority public school system in the country. As of 2012, 62% of MDCPS students were of Hispanic origin (of any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14522542",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University\"\nMiami University Miami University (also referred to as Miami of Ohio or simply Miami) is a public research university on a 2,138-acre campus in Oxford, Ohio, 35 miles north of Cincinnati. The university was founded in 1809, although classes were not held until 1824. Miami University is the second-oldest university in Ohio, and the 10th oldest public (32nd overall) university in the United States. Miami also has regional campuses in Hamilton, Middletown and West Chester, as well as the Dolibois European Center in Differdange, Luxembourg. The Carnegie Foundation classifies Miami University as a research university with a high research activity.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519126",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\n\"\"Ex officio\"\" members, who serve by virtue of their positions in the university, include the president of the university; the president and immediate past president of the citizens board; and the president, president-elect and immediate past president of the alumni association. Since 1982, the board has eleven visiting committees, which include both trustees and outside experts, to help oversee the individual academic units. UM's president is the university's chief executive officer, with a 2015 salary of $1.14 million, and each academic unit is headed by a dean. In addition, UM has a division of continuing and international education and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "678759",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nLake Osceola located at the center of campus. It contains a large fountain, which serves as a landmark to many university students. The Coral Gables campus houses 4,500 enrolled students. This group is disproportionately freshmen (90 percent of new freshmen live on campus compared with 39 percent of all degree undergraduates). UM's on-campus housing consists of five residential colleges and one apartment-style housing area available only to undergraduate degree-seeking students. The residential colleges are divided into two dormitory-style residence halls and three suite-style residence halls. The McDonald and Pentland Towers of Hecht Residential College and the Walsh and Rosborough Towers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20592668",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nScience Foundation. Of the $8.2 billion appropriated by Congress in 2009 as a part of the stimulus bill for research priorities of the National Institutes of Health, the Miller School received $40.5 million. In addition to research conducted in the individual academic schools and departments, Miami has the following university-wide research centers: The Miller School of Medicine receives more than $200 million per year in external grants and contracts to fund 1,500 ongoing projects. The medical campus includes more than of research space and the UM Life Science Park, which has an additional of space adjacent to the medical campus.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16187186",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami Hurricanes\"\nMiami Hurricanes The Miami Hurricanes (known informally as UM, UMiami, or The U) are the varsity sports teams of the University of Miami, located in the Coral Gables suburb of Miami, Florida. In box scores for sporting events, the Hurricanes sports teams are usually referred to as Miami (FL) to differentiate from the Miami RedHawks, a Division I school in Ohio. They compete in the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The university fields 15 athletic teams for 17 varsity sports. Men's teams compete in baseball, basketball, cross-country, diving, football, tennis, and track and field. Women's teams compete",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19420386",
"chunk_text": "\"University of South Florida\"\ngenerally span either six or ten weeks. For the 2017-18 academic year, tuition costs at the Tampa campus were: More than 41,000 students were enrolled at the USF Tampa campus in the 2014-15 academic year, including approximately 30,000 undergraduate students, 9,100 graduate students, 650 doctor of medicine students, and 2,000 non-degree seeking students. USF is one of the 40 most diverse universities in the nation, with students representing every state, U.S. territory, and more than 130 countries. International students represent approximately seven percent of the USF student population. As of the Fall 2014 semester, the student diversity profile of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19702269",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\nof more than 4,000. The social changes of the 1960s and 1970s were reflected at UM. In 1961, UM dropped its policy of racial segregation and began to admit black students. African Americans were also allowed full participation in student activities and sports teams. After President Stanford pressed for minority athletes, in December 1966, UM signed Ray Bellamy, an African American football player. With Bellamy, UM became the first major college in the Deep South with a Black football player on scholarship. UM established an Office of Minority Affairs to promote diversity in both undergraduate and professional school admissions. With",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519131",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Miami\"\n53 research universities in the nation. In the 2009 edition of \"\"Best 371 Colleges\"\", The Princeton Review ranks UM one of the 141 \"\"Best Southeastern Colleges\"\" and ranks it first in the nation in its \"\"Lots of Race/Class Interaction\"\" category. The Otto G. Richter Library, the University of Miami's main library, houses collections that serve the arts, architecture, humanities, social sciences, and the sciences. It is a depository for federal and state government publications. Rare books, maps, manuscript collections, and the University of Miami Archives are housed in the Special Collections Division and in the Cuban Heritage Collection. In addition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "53564",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami Dade College\"\nnew bilingual program (English-Spanish) at the InterAmerican Campus. All campuses have different schools for various disciplines (engineering, business, etc.). Some campuses also operate dual-enrollment programs for high school students. Most campuses also have College Preparatory or English as a Second Language (ESL) courses that help students pass the Computerized Placement Test (CPT) that is required for admittance and proves prospective students are qualified to take college-level mathematics and English courses. Aside from New World School of the Arts and the MEEC, there are nineteen other outreach centers MDC administers. Out of approximately 165,000 students, on average, almost 6,000 go on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14325844",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami University Hamilton\"\ngolf, tennis and volleyball. The Harrier NASCAR Program has been the campus's most successful athletic program, claiming the ORCC Regular Season and Tournament Championship in 11 of the last 12 seasons. Miami University Hamilton Miami University Hamilton is a state-assisted regional campus of Miami University located in Hamilton, Ohio, United States. Miami University Hamilton is a non-residential campus offering bachelor's degrees, associate degrees, one certificate program, and beginning course work for most four-year degrees, and MBA and MEd programs. Enrollment in 2015 was 3,621 students, with a ratio of students to faculty of 27:1. The average age of Miami Hamilton's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2141536",
"chunk_text": "\"Miami metropolitan area\"\nalso a sizable Muslim community numbering 70,000. Population: As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 5,564,635 people. 2.8 million (52%) were females and 2.6 million (48%) were males. The median age was 38.6 years. 24% of the population were under 18 years and 15% were 65 years and older. There were 2,097,626 households, and 1,378,108 families residing in the Miami metropolitan area. Ethnicity: The racial makeup of the population of the Miami area [6,066,387] as of 2016: National origin and language: Of the people living in the Miami metro area in 2005, 63% were born in the United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_442
|
what is the average height of a chinese man?
|
n/a
|
[
"5 ft 6 in"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10483285",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographics of China\"\n2012, the figures showed, and women's average height was 155.8 centimeters (5 ft 1.3 in). The same study showed an average Chinese man weighed 66.2 kilograms (145.9 lbs, or 10 stone 5.9 lbs), up 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lbs) over 10 years, while women were 2.9 kilograms (6.4 pounds) heavier on average at 57.3 kilograms (126.3 pounds, or 9 stone 0.3 lbs). They were up just 0.4 centimeters (0.16 in) and 0.7 centimeters (0.28 in) respectively from 10 years earlier. The People's Republic of China (PRC) officially recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, the largest of which are Han, who constitute 91.51%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10483284",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographics of China\"\nfor the first time, according to statistics released by China's National Bureau of Statistics in January 2013, the number of people theoretically able to enter the Chinese labor force (individuals aged 15 to 59), shrank slightly to 937.27 million people, a decrease of 3.45 million from 2011. This trend, resulting from China's demographic transition, is anticipated to continue for at least the next 20 years, to 2030. The CIA World Fact Book estimates the 2012 actual active labor force to amount to 798.5 million. As of 2012, the average Chinese man was 167.1 centimeters tall (5 ft 5.8 in) in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12725099",
"chunk_text": "\"Standard deviation\"\naverage height for adult men in the United States is about 70 inches (177.8 cm), with a standard deviation of around 3 inches (7.62 cm). This means that most men (about 68%, assuming a normal distribution) have a height within 3 inches (7.62 cm) of the mean (67–73 inches (170.18–185.42 cm))one standard deviationand almost all men (about 95%) have a height within 6 inches (15.24 cm) of the mean (64–76 inches (162.56–193.04 cm))two standard deviations. If the standard deviation were zero, then all men would be exactly 70 inches (177.8 cm) tall. If the standard deviation were 20 inches (50.8",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20457509",
"chunk_text": "\"Obesity in China\"\nbillion obese people in the world come from China. Statistics from the Chinese Health Ministry have revealed that urban Chinese boys age 6 are 2.5 inches taller and 6.6 pounds heavier on average than Chinese city boys 30 years ago. A leading child-health researcher, Ji Chengye, has stated that, \"\"China has entered the era of obesity. The speed of growth is shocking.\"\" Economic expansion and the increase in living standards as a result has seen food intake increase on average in the cities and the growth of automation and transport has seen less physical labor. Rapid motorization has drastically reduced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3924153",
"chunk_text": "\"Shandong people\"\nShandong people The people of Shandong province or Shandong people () refers to those who are native to Shandong province, the majority (99%) of whom are Han Chinese. They speak various forms of Mandarin dialects such as Jilu, Jiaoliao, and Zhongyuan. There is a small Shandong community in Singapore and Malaysia. Nine-tenths of the early overseas Chinese in Korea also came from Shandong. Minority groups include the Hui and the Manchus. Shandong citizens are also known to have the tallest average height of any Chinese province. As of 2010, 16-to 18-year-old male students in Yantai measured 176.4 cm (5'9.5), while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20762122",
"chunk_text": "\"Sun Mingming\"\n(423.47 cm). Sun Mingming Sun Mingming (, born August 23, 1983) is a Chinese professional basketball player and actor. He is the tallest professional basketball player in the world, and was measured by the Guinness World Records as tall. He was born in a small town near Bayan County, Harbin in Heilongjiang Province, China. He has two siblings: a brother and a sister. He did not start playing basketball until he was 15 years old. Sun attended and played basketball at Ventura College, a community college in Ventura, CA. He played basketball there for only the 2005–2006 season, before moving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12962685",
"chunk_text": "\"Bao Xishun\"\nBao Xishun Xishun Bao (also known as Xi Shun; born 2 November 1951) is a herdsman from Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China, recognized by \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" as one of the world's tallest living men. He was formerly certified as the tallest living man by the Guinness World Records. However, on September 17, 2009, Sultan Kösen overtook Bao Xishun as the tallest living man. Xishun Bao claims to have been of normal height until he was sixteen years old. He served in the People's Liberation Army for three years. He later returned to Inner Mongolia to live with his mother and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14139052",
"chunk_text": "\"Chi (unit)\"\nof China, its special administrative region of Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In its ancient and modern forms, the chi is divided into 10 smaller units known as cun (the \"\"Chinese inch\"\"). 10 chi are equal to 1 zhàng. In the People's Republic of China \"\"chi\"\" has been defined since 1984 as exactly 1/3 of a metre, i.e., 33 cm (approximately 1.094 ft). However, in the Hong Kong SAR the corresponding unit, pronounced \"\"chek\"\" in Cantonese, is defined as exactly 0.371475 m (exactly in). The two units are sometimes referred to in English as \"\"Chinese foot\"\" and \"\"Hong Kong foot\"\". In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14516353",
"chunk_text": "\"Shandong people\"\nC. C. Ting - Nobel Prize in Physics laureate. Shandong people The people of Shandong province or Shandong people () refers to those who are native to Shandong province, the majority (99%) of whom are Han Chinese. They speak various forms of Mandarin dialects such as Jilu, Jiaoliao, and Zhongyuan. There is a small Shandong community in Singapore and Malaysia. Nine-tenths of the early overseas Chinese in Korea also came from Shandong. Minority groups include the Hui and the Manchus. Shandong citizens are also known to have the tallest average height of any Chinese province. As of 2010, 16-to 18-year-old",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14418585",
"chunk_text": "\"Human height\"\nHuman height Human height or stature is the distance from the bottom of the feet to the top of the head in a human body, standing erect. It is measured using a stadiometer, usually in centimetres when using the metric system, or feet and inches when using the imperial system. A particular genetic profile in men called Y haplotype I-M170 is correlated with height. Ecological data shows that as the frequency of this genetic profile increases in the population, the average male height in a country also increases. Studies show that there is a correlation between small stature and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17427920",
"chunk_text": "\"Sun Mingming\"\nSun Mingming Sun Mingming (, born August 23, 1983) is a Chinese professional basketball player and actor. He is the tallest professional basketball player in the world, and was measured by the Guinness World Records as tall. He was born in a small town near Bayan County, Harbin in Heilongjiang Province, China. He has two siblings: a brother and a sister. He did not start playing basketball until he was 15 years old. Sun attended and played basketball at Ventura College, a community college in Ventura, CA. He played basketball there for only the 2005–2006 season, before moving on to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1060027",
"chunk_text": "\"Cun (unit)\"\nstandardized, although to different values in different jurisdictions. (See chi (unit) for details.) In Hong Kong, using the traditional standard, it measures ~3.715 cm (~1.463 in) and is written \"\"tsun\"\". In the twentieth century in the Republic of China, the lengths were standardized to fit with the metric system, and in current usage in People's Republic of China and Taiwan it measures cm (~1.312 in). In Japan, the corresponding unit, , was standardized at mm (~3.030 cm, ~1.193 in, or ~0.09942 ft). Cun (unit) The cun (; ; ), often glossed as the \"\"Chinese inch\"\", is a traditional Chinese unit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "341118",
"chunk_text": "\"Lin Yü-chih\"\nft 2.58 in) tall. He is the founder of the Osteogenesis Imperfecta Association. Others have also claimed the 'Shortest Man' title. He Pingping, from China, measured 73 cm (2 ft 4.74 in) high and in 2007 was crowned as the world's shortest man who could walk. In 2006, Guinness World Records disallowed an application from a then fourteen-year-old Nepalese boy, Khagendra Thapa Magar, who has since turned 18 and taken the title of 'World's Shortest Man'. Lin Yü-chih Lin Yü-chih (林煜智; pinyin: Lín Yùzhì; b. ca. 1972) is the former shortest man in the world according to Guinness World Records.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15560434",
"chunk_text": "\"Mu Tiezhu\"\nvery high pick in the 1972 NBA draft had China been a more open society at the time. Mu Tiezhu Mu \"\"Iron Pole\"\" Tiezhu (; literally meaning \"\"Mu Iron Pole\"\"; June 1, 1949 – September 14, 2008) was a prominent Chinese basketball player and coach. At a height of 228 cm (7 feet 5.75 inches) and a weight of 160 kg, he was one of the largest and tallest players in China (Yao Ming and Sun Mingming both being similar or taller). Mu was born in Dongming County, Heze, Shandong in 1949. Mu was one of the first Chinese giants",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14672769",
"chunk_text": "China\nat birth was 118.06 boys for every 100 girls, which is beyond the normal range of around 105 boys for every 100 girls. The 2010 census found that males accounted for 51.27 percent of the total population. However, China's sex ratio is more balanced than it was in 1953, when males accounted for 51.82 percent of the total population. China officially recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, the largest of which are the Han Chinese, who constitute about 91.51% of the total population. The Han Chinese – the world's largest single ethnic group – outnumber other ethnic groups in every provincial-level",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15560432",
"chunk_text": "\"Mu Tiezhu\"\nMu Tiezhu Mu \"\"Iron Pole\"\" Tiezhu (; literally meaning \"\"Mu Iron Pole\"\"; June 1, 1949 – September 14, 2008) was a prominent Chinese basketball player and coach. At a height of 228 cm (7 feet 5.75 inches) and a weight of 160 kg, he was one of the largest and tallest players in China (Yao Ming and Sun Mingming both being similar or taller). Mu was born in Dongming County, Heze, Shandong in 1949. Mu was one of the first Chinese giants who appeared in the China men's national basketball team. He played for the national basketball team for 14",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17568213",
"chunk_text": "Shandong\npopulation of more than 95,793,000 at the 2010 Census. Over 99% of Shandong's population is Han Chinese. Minority groups include the Hui and the Manchus. Shandong citizens are also known to have the tallest average height of any Chinese province. As of 2010, 16-18-year-old male students in Yantai measured while female students measured . The predominant religions in Shandong are Chinese folk religions, Taoist traditions and Chinese Buddhism. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 25,28% of the population believes and is involved in ancestor veneration, while 1.21% of the population identifies as Christian, decreasing from 1.30% in 2004.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1060026",
"chunk_text": "\"Cun (unit)\"\nCun (unit) The cun (; ; ), often glossed as the \"\"Chinese inch\"\", is a traditional Chinese unit of length. Its traditional measure is the width of a person's thumb at the knuckle, whereas the width of the two forefingers denotes 1.5 cun and the width of four fingers (except the thumb) side-by-side is three cuns. In this sense it continues to be used to chart acupuncture points on the human body in various uses of traditional Chinese medicine. The cun was part of a larger system, and represented one-tenth of a chi (\"\"Chinese foot\"\"). In time the lengths were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14108595",
"chunk_text": "\"Third National Population Census of the People's Republic of China\"\nsources such as Xinhua, however, sometimes still report a result of 1,031,900,000. From two newspaper cuttings (China Daily) dated Thursday October 28, 1982 the figure was 1,031,882,511. The census found approximately 519,440,000 men and 488,740,000 women living in China, a ratio of 106.30 to 100. The average household size was 4.41, almost unchanged since the previous census. 33.59% of the population was 14 or under; 61.50% of the population was between 15 and 64; and 4.91% of the population was 65 or older. Life expectancy was estimated to be 66.28 years for males and 69.27 years for females. Han Chinese",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3421358",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese units of measurement\"\ncatty is precisely 604.78982g. Note: The names \"\"lí\"\" () and \"\"fēn\"\" () for small units are the same for length, area, and mass; however, they refer to different kinds of measurements. According to the \"\"Liji\"\", the legendary Yellow Emperor created the first measurement units. The \"\"Xiao Erya\"\" and the \"\"Kongzi Jiayu\"\" state that length units were derived from the human body. According to the \"\"Records of the Grand Historian\"\", these human body units caused inconsistency, and Yu the Great, another legendary figure, unified the length measurements. Rulers with decimal units have been unearthed from Shang Dynasty tombs. In the Zhou",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7641028",
"chunk_text": "Human\naverage height for adult human females is about . Shrinkage of stature may begin in middle age in some individuals, but tends to be typical in the extremely aged. Through history human populations have universally become taller, probably as a consequence of better nutrition, healthcare, and living conditions. The average mass of an adult human is for females and for males. Like many other conditions, body weight and body type is influenced by both genetic susceptibility and environment and varies greatly among individuals. (see obesity) Although humans appear hairless compared to other primates, with notable hair growth occurring chiefly on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6971331",
"chunk_text": "\"Human height\"\nlonger life expectancy. Individuals of small stature are also more likely to have lower blood pressure and are less likely to acquire cancer. The University of Hawaii has found that the “longevity gene” FOXO3 that reduces the effects of aging is more commonly found in individuals of a small body size.<ref> Human height Human height or stature is the distance from the bottom of the feet to the top of the head in a human body, standing erect. It is measured using a stadiometer, usually in centimetres when using the metric system, or feet and inches when using the imperial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7417777",
"chunk_text": "\"Yao Defen\"\nYao Defen Yao Defen () of China, (July 15, 1972 – November 13, 2012) was the tallest living woman, as recognized by Guinness World Records. She stood at 234 centimetres (7 ft 8 in) tall, weighed , and had size 23 (US) feet. Her gigantism was due to a tumor in her pituitary gland. Yao Defen was born to poor farmers in the town of Liuan in the Anhui province of Shucheng County. At birth she weighed . When she was eleven years old she was about 180 centimetres (6 ft 2 in) tall. She was 206 centimetres (6 ft",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8293426",
"chunk_text": "\"Pooled variance\"\nthat the average American man has a mean height of 70 inches with a standard deviation of three inches and that the average American woman has a mean height of 65 inches with a standard deviation of two inches. Also assume that the number of men, \"\"N\"\", is equal to the number of women. Then the mean and standard deviation of heights of American adults could be calculated as For the more general case of \"\"M\"\" non-overlapping populations, \"\"X\"\" through \"\"X\"\", and the aggregate population formula_32, where If the size (actual or relative to one another), mean, and standard deviation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20034587",
"chunk_text": "\"Human head\"\nthe average human head circumference to be in females and in males. A British study by Newcastle University showed an average size of 55.2 cm for females and 57.2 cm for males with average size varying proportionally with height Macrocephaly can be an indicator of increased risk for some types of cancer in individuals who carry the genetic mutation that causes Cowden syndrome. For adults, this refers to head sizes greater than 58 centimeters in men or greater than 57 centimeters in women. 8. Human head Human head In human anatomy, the head is at the top of the human",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10058248",
"chunk_text": "\"Khasi people\"\nstature, with some exceptions. Estimates show that the average height is 5 feet 2 inches for Khasi men and around 4 feet 11 inches for khasi women. A majority of Khasi people are short while a very few among them are taller, such as some Khasi males with heights ranging from 5.5 feet to 5.6 feet respectively and for women heights ranging from 5 feet to 5.4 feet normally. The traditional Khasi male dress is a \"\"Jymphong\"\", a longish sleeveless coat without collar, fastened by thongs in front. Nowadays, most male Khasis have adopted western attire. On ceremonial occasions they",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "404416",
"chunk_text": "\"Short stature\"\nof men who were to . By the end of the war there were 29 Bantam Battalions of about 1,000 men each. Officers were of normal size. Short stature Short stature refers to a height of a human being which is below typical. Whether a person is considered short depends on the context. Because of the lack of preciseness, there is often disagreement about the degree of shortness that should be called \"\"short\"\". In a medical context, short stature is typically defined as an adult height that is more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and gender,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10386994",
"chunk_text": "\"Warlord Era\"\nwere illiterate. In 1926 U.S. Army officer Joseph Stilwell inspected a warlord unit and observed that 20% were less than 4.5 feet tall, the average age was 14 and most walked barefoot. Stilwell wrote that this \"\"scarecrow company\"\" was worthless as a military unit. A British army visitor commented that, provided they had proper leadership, the men of northern China were \"\"the finest Oriental raw material with a physique second to none, and an iron constitution\"\". However, such units were the exception rather than the rule. In 1916 there were about a half-million soldiers in China. By 1922 the numbers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13846177",
"chunk_text": "\"Northern Dynasties tombs of Ci County\"\nis the main subject of that time. The height of the pottery figurines is usually short. The smallest one is only two inches tall and the big one will be one foot tall. The highest figurine is 1.6 metres high that was discovered in Tomb of Emperor of Northern Qi Wenxuan. Because the scale of tombs that time is small but puts a lot of objects in it and also relates to its financial missteps and other social elements. There are many sorts of sculptures, such as men, animals, quart pots etc. There are about 20 different shapes of humans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8947795",
"chunk_text": "\"Zhou Tong (archer)\"\nupright he measured about eight feet. His face had a golden tan, arched brows, a pair of bright eyes, a regular head form, a square mouth, a pair of protruding ears, and under his chin there were three locks of beard, a grizzled beard. On his head he wore a sky-blue satin scarf, and he was dressed in a stately sky-blue satin coat with a silken girdle, a pair of wide black trousers without crotch and satin boots with thin soles\"\". Heroes and religious masters with above normal height are a recurring theme in Chinese folklore. For instance, his student",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13302963",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographics of China\"\nDemographics of China The demographics of China demonstrate a large population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy. China's population reached the billion mark in 1982. By 2017, China's population had reached 1.411 billion, the largest of any country in the world. According to the 2010 census, 91.51% of the population was Han Chinese, and 8.49% were minorities. China's population growth rate is only 0.59%, ranking 159th in the world. China conducted its sixth national population census on 1 November 2010. Unless otherwise indicated, the statistics on this page pertain to mainland China only;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12636613",
"chunk_text": "\"Disability in China\"\nDisability in China Disability in China is common, and according to the United Nations, approximately 83 million people in China are estimated to have a disability. Of the total number of disabled individuals, men account for 42.77 million (51.55%) and women account for 40.19 million (48.45%), making the gender ratio 106.42 disabled men for every 100 disabled women. Furthermore, 20.71 million (25.96%) individuals of the disabled community reside in urban areas, whereas 62.25 million (75.04%) in rural areas. According to the China Disabled Persons' Federation, approximately 12.33 million (14.86%) people have visual disabilities, 20.04 million (24.16%) have a hearing disability,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8395163",
"chunk_text": "\"Standard of living in China\"\nincreasing number of apartment built in China which remain empty. By 2010 approximately 65 million apartments, capable of housing some 250 million people, were unoccupied, due to there being too expensive for the majority of Chinese to purchase or rent. At the same time many millions of urban Chinese remained living in slums. But, as the urbanization rate in China remains high (approx. 20 million Chinese move from rural areas each year) this problem is not severe and many so-called \"\"ghost cities\"\" become inhabited. As for 2012, there is 35 sq.meters per person in average and construction rate exceeds 1.5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12766261",
"chunk_text": "\"Xinglongwa culture\"\nburials, male individuals apparently predominate over female individuals at roughly 2:1 ratio (23 males vs. 11 females). Within the male group, no individuals were identified as being over 55 in age, whereas all of females belong to middle-to-old age group (no one younger than 35 years old). The youngest individuals examined were at age of 13 or 14 years old, so it's suspected that children before mature sex-awareness age might not have participated in in-house burial ritual if they die. From examined samples, the average height of male was between 163.8 cm and 168.8 cm, while the average height of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11668277",
"chunk_text": "\"He Pingping\"\ngrowing very slowly, doctors diagnosed the cause as the bone deformity osteogenesis imperfecta, which hinders normal bone growth and body height. He was a chain smoker. In January 2007, He was invited to take part on a television program in Tokyo, Japan. His home of Inner Mongolia is also home to Bao Xishun, who at 2.36 metres tall was recognized by Guinness as the world's tallest man until September 2009. Their televised meeting in July 2007 attracted global media attention. In May 2008 he appeared in the British Channel 4 documentary called \"\"The World's Smallest Man and Me\"\" hosted by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1855346",
"chunk_text": "\"Chi (unit)\"\nindicates that it may have been equal to one degree. In the 19th century, the value of the \"\"chi\"\", depending on the part of the country and the application, varied between 31 and 36 cm. According to an 1864 British report, in most of China the \"\"chi\"\" used by engineers in public works was equal to 12.71 English inches (32.28 cm), the surveyors' \"\"chi\"\" was 12.058 inches (30.62 cm), while the value generally used for measuring distances was 12.17 inches (30.91 cm). In Guangzhou, however, the \"\"chi\"\" used for local trade varied from 14.625 to 14.81 inches (37.15–37.62 cm) –",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11380476",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese units of measurement\"\nChinese units of measurement Chinese units of measurement, known in Chinese as the shìzhì (\"\"market system\"\"), are the traditional units of measurement of the Han Chinese. Although Chinese numerals have been decimal (base-10) since the Shang, several Chinese measures use hexadecimal (base-16). Local applications have varied, but the Chinese dynasties usually proclaimed standard measurements and recorded their predecessor's systems in their histories. In the present day, the People's Republic of China maintains some customary units based upon the market units but standardized to round values in the metric system, for example the common \"\"jin\"\" or catty of exactly 500g. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10483266",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographics of China\"\nland area but in 1985 contained only 5.7% of its population. Future challenges for China will be the gender disparity. According to the 2010 census, males account for 51.27% of China's 1.34 billion people, while females made up 48.73% of the total. The sex ratio (the number of males for each female in a population) at birth was 118.06 boys to every 100 girls (54.14%) in 2010, higher than the 116.86 (53.89%) of 2000, but 0.53 points lower than the ratio of 118.59 (54.25%) in 2005. In most western countries the sex ratio at birth is around 105 boys to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16447725",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese Basketball Alliance\"\nInitially, each team was allowed to register 3 non-Chinese foreign players and put up to 2 of them onto the court. No height limitations were in place in the first three seasons. Beginning from the CBA Fourth Year, however, non-Chinese imports were divided into the \"\"bigger\"\" and the \"\"smaller\"\" categories by height. Foreign players who were 201 cm (6'7\"\") or taller were regarded as \"\"big\"\", and only one such player would be allowed to play on the court for a team. In the meantime, no more foreign players 208 cm (6'10\"\") or taller could be signed—although in previous seasons several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8395152",
"chunk_text": "\"Standard of living in China\"\nStandard of living in China In past times, the Chinese economy was characterized by widespread poverty, extreme income inequalities, and endemic insecurity of livelihood. Since then, the most concrete evidence of improved living standards has been that average national life expectancy has more than doubled, rising from around forty-four years in 1949 to sixty-eight years in 1985. In addition, the percentage of the Chinese population estimated to be living in absolute poverty fell from between 200-270 million in 1978 to 70 million in 2017. Until the end of the 1970s, the fruits of economic growth were largely negated by population",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12543633",
"chunk_text": "\"Sheng nu\"\nSimilarly, \"\"shengnan\"\" (剩男) or \"\"leftover men\"\" has also been used. The one-child policy (Family Planning Program) and sex-selective abortions in China have caused a growing disproportion in the country's gender balance. Since 1979, when the one-child policy was introduced, approximately 20 million more men than women have been born, or 120 males to 100 females born, and by 2020, China is expected to have 24 million more men than women. The global average is 103 males to 107 females. According to \"\"The New York Times\"\", the State Council of the People's Republic of China (Central People's Government) issued an \"\"edict\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17171442",
"chunk_text": "\"Korean Jindo\"\na well-behaved member of the family takes a lot of effort and time. This characteristic may come from the background that Koreans traditionally kept their pet dogs outside their houses. Desirable height at maturity, measured at the withers, ranges from 19½ to 21 inches (or 48 to 53 cm) for males and 18½ to 20 inches (or 45 to 50 cm) for females. Weight should be in proportion to the height, giving a well-muscled, lean appearance without being too light or too heavy. The typical weight range for a male Jindo in good condition is 40 to 60 pounds (18",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7832703",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese Wand Exercise\"\nslight Chinese man who eventually led him to the slender, regal Grand Master. Upon meeting Dr. Ch’eng at his home in Shanghai, the tall, 235-pound 19-year-old was unable to take down the 130 lb. Ch’eng who, seemingly inexplicably, fended him off and left him lying on the floor after each of three increasingly aggressive advances. He used an ancient “spinning” technique. Johnson, convinced that he had to learn everything this man could teach, was soon accepted as a student by Ch’eng, who was no doubt impressed and amused by the young headstrong man’s potential and enthusiasm for learning all he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6822409",
"chunk_text": "\"Bao Xishun\"\n2007. The Mongolian ceremony took place on July 12, 2007. Bao's son was born at a hospital in Zunhua, Hebei province October 2, 2008. Bao appeared on the eleventh episode of \"\"The Amazing Race 16\"\" as the pitstop greeter. The episode aired on May 2, 2010. Bao Xishun Xishun Bao (also known as Xi Shun; born 2 November 1951) is a herdsman from Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China, recognized by \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" as one of the world's tallest living men. He was formerly certified as the tallest living man by the Guinness World Records. However, on September 17, 2009, Sultan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18581168",
"chunk_text": "Yantai\nto now, owing to an excellent investment environment, YTEPZ has attracted investors from foreign countries and regions such as Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Sweden, the United States, Canada, etc., as well as domestic investors, to operate in the zone. The people of Yantai are known to be one of the tallest in China. As the economy prospered, height increased. The average height for 16-18 year old male students in 2010 was . The following is a list of prominent Yantai higher education institutions. It houses a Korean international school, Korean School in Yantai. Chefoo School previously educated foreign",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11275682",
"chunk_text": "\"Human variability\"\nbe divided into qualitative and quantitative designs. Some example subdisciplines include: Anthropometry is the study of the measurements of different parts of the human body. Common measurements include height, weight, organ size (brain, stomach, penis, vagina), and other bodily metrics such as waist-hip ratio. Each measurement can vary significantly between populations; for instance, the average height of males of European descent is 178 cm ± 7 cm and of females of European descent is 165 cm ± 7 cm. Meanwhile, average height of Nilotic males in Dinka is 181.3 cm. Applications of anthropometry include ergonomics, biometrics, and forensics. Knowing the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13533289",
"chunk_text": "\"He Pingping\"\nHe Pingping He Pingping (; 13 July 1988 – 13 March 2010) was a Chinese citizen and, according to the \"\"Guinness World Records\"\", one time world's shortest mobile man. He measured 74 cm (2 ft 5 in) tall, and was the third child of a family in Huade county, in the city of Ulanqab in northern China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. He had two sisters, both of whom developed at normal rates. According to his father, He Yun, at birth he was small enough to fit in the palm of his parents' hands. When it became apparent the child was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17517023",
"chunk_text": "\"Pygmy peoples\"\nthe border of China (Yunnan and Tibet), Burma, and India. A Burmese survey done in the 1960s reported a mean height of an adult male Taron at 1.43 m (4'6\"\") and that of females at 1.40 m (4'5\"\"). These are the only known \"\"pygmies\"\" of clearly East Asian descent. The cause of their diminutive size is unknown, but diet and endogamous marriage practices have been cited. The population of Taron pygmies has been steadily shrinking, and is now down to only a few individuals. In 2013, a link between the Taron and the Derung people in Yunnan, China was uncovered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3645072",
"chunk_text": "\"Short stature\"\nShort stature Short stature refers to a height of a human being which is below typical. Whether a person is considered short depends on the context. Because of the lack of preciseness, there is often disagreement about the degree of shortness that should be called \"\"short\"\". In a medical context, short stature is typically defined as an adult height that is more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and gender, which corresponds to the shortest 2.3% of individuals. In developed countries, this typically includes adult men who are shorter than tall and adult women who are shorter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1855348",
"chunk_text": "\"Chi (unit)\"\nfoot. Chi (unit) The chi is a traditional Chinese unit of length. Although it is often translated as the \"\"\"\", its length was originally derived from the distance measured by a human hand, from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the forefinger similar to the ancient Span. It first appeared during China's Shang dynasty approximately 3000 years ago and has since been adopted by other East Asian cultures such as Japan (\"\"shaku\"\"), Korea (\"\"ja\"\"), and Vietnam. Its present value is standardized around one-third of a metre, although the exact standards vary among the mainland of the People's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_443
|
a concave mirror can form a real image which is a copy of an object that forms?
|
n/a
|
[
"inverted"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851173",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nMirror image A mirror image (in a plane mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that appears almost identical, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. As an optical effect it results from reflection off of substances such as a mirror or water. It is also a concept in geometry and can be used as a conceptualization process for 3-D structures. In geometry, the mirror image of an object or two-dimensional figure is the virtual image formed by reflection in a plane mirror; it is of the same size as the original object, yet different,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15253403",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nMirror image A mirror image (in a plane mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that appears almost identical, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. As an optical effect it results from reflection off of substances such as a mirror or water. It is also a concept in geometry and can be used as a conceptualization process for 3-D structures. In geometry, the mirror image of an object or two-dimensional figure is the virtual image formed by reflection in a plane mirror; it is of the same size as the original object, yet different,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4843925",
"chunk_text": "Mirror\nMirror A mirror is an object that reflects light in such a way that, for incident light in some range of wavelengths, the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light, called specular reflection. This is different from other light-reflecting objects that do not preserve much of the original wave signal other than color and diffuse reflected light, such as flat-white paint. The most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror, which has a flat surface. Curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532793",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nto the focus, until it is reduced to a point in the focus when the object is at an infinite distance. These features make convex mirrors very useful: since everything appears smaller in the mirror, they cover a wider field of view than a normal plane mirror does. A concave mirror, or converging mirror, has a reflecting surface that bulges inward (away from the incident light). Concave mirrors reflect light inward to one focal point.They are used to focus light. Unlike convex mirrors, concave mirrors show different image types depending on the distance between the object and the mirror. These",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16402444",
"chunk_text": "\"Real image\"\n(such as the images on the right), real rays of light are always represented by full, solid lines; perceived or extrapolated rays of light are represented by dashed lines. A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only \"\"appear\"\" to converge. Real images can be produced by concave mirrors and converging lenses, only if the object is placed further away from the mirror/lens than the focal point and this real image is inverted. As the object approaches the focal point the image approaches infinity, and when the object passes the focal point the image",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532787",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nCurved mirror A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either \"\"convex\"\" (bulging outwards) or \"\"concave\"\" (bulging inwards). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in optical devices such as reflecting telescopes that need to image distant objects, since spherical mirror systems, like spherical lenses, suffer from spherical aberration. Distorting mirrors are used for entertainment. They have convex and concave regions that produce deliberately distorted images. A convex mirror,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532788",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\ndiverging mirror, or fish eye mirror is a curved mirror in which the reflective surface bulges toward the light source. Convex mirrors reflect light outwards, therefore they are not used to focus light. Such mirrors always form a virtual image, since the focal point (\"\"F\"\") and the centre of curvature (\"\"2F\"\") are both imaginary points \"\"inside\"\" the mirror, that cannot be reached. As a result, images formed by these mirrors cannot be projected on a screen, since the image is inside the mirror. The image is smaller than the object, but gets larger as the object approaches the mirror. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9275887",
"chunk_text": "\"Plane mirror\"\nthese images appear to be behind the plane in which the mirror lies. A straight line drawn from part of an object to the corresponding part of its image makes a right angle with, and is bisected by, the surface of the plane mirror. The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual (meaning that the light rays do not actually come from the image), upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting. A virtual image is a copy of an object formed at the location from which the light rays appear to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532794",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nmirrors are called \"\"converging mirrors\"\" because they tend to collect light that falls on them, refocusing parallel incoming rays toward a focus. This is because the light is reflected at different angles, since the normal to the surface differs with each spot on the mirror. Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes. They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make-up or shaving. In illumination applications, concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches, headlamps and spotlights, or to collect light",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16402443",
"chunk_text": "\"Real image\"\nReal image In optics, a real image is an image which is located in the plane of convergence for the light rays that originate from a given object. If a screen is placed in the plane of a real image the image will generally become visible on the screen. Examples of real images include the image seen on a cinema screen (the source being the projector), the image produced on a detector in the rear of a camera, and the image produced on an eyeball retina (the camera and eye focus light through an internal convex lens). In ray diagrams",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6270145",
"chunk_text": "Shape\nobjects always have either the same shape or mirror image shapes, and have the same size. Objects that have the same shape or mirror image shapes are called geometrically similar, whether or not they have the same size. Thus, objects that can be transformed into each other by rigid transformations, mirroring, and uniform scaling are similar. Similarity is preserved when one of the objects is uniformly scaled, while congruence is not. Thus, congruent objects are always geometrically similar, but similar objects may not be congruent, as they may have different size. A more flexible definition of shape takes into consideration",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532797",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nfor convex ones, and formula_1 and formula_2 are positive when the object and image are in front of the mirror, respectively. (They are positive when the object or image is real.) For convex mirrors, if one moves the formula_7 term to the right side of the equation to solve for formula_8, the result is always a negative number, meaning that the image distance is negative—the image is virtual, located \"\"behind\"\" the mirror. This is consistent with the behavior described above. For concave mirrors, whether the image is virtual or real depends on how large the object distance is compared to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15201314",
"chunk_text": "Mirror\nthem mammals. Experiments have found that the following animals can pass the mirror test: Other types of reflecting device are also called \"\"mirrors\"\". Mirror A mirror is an object that reflects light in such a way that, for incident light in some range of wavelengths, the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light, called specular reflection. This is different from other light-reflecting objects that do not preserve much of the original wave signal other than color and diffuse reflected light, such as flat-white paint. The most familiar type of mirror is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3644217",
"chunk_text": "Replica\nReplica A replica is an exact reproduction, such as of a painting, as it was executed by the original artist or a copy or reproduction, especially one on a scale smaller than the original. A replica is a copying closely resembling the original concerning its shape and appearance. An inverted replica complements the original by filling its gaps. It can be a copy used for historical purposes, such as being placed in a museum. Sometimes the original never existed. Replicas and reproductions can be related to any form of licensing an image for others to use, whether it is through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16402445",
"chunk_text": "\"Real image\"\nbecomes virtual and is not inverted.The distance is not the same as from the object to the lenses. Real image In optics, a real image is an image which is located in the plane of convergence for the light rays that originate from a given object. If a screen is placed in the plane of a real image the image will generally become visible on the screen. Examples of real images include the image seen on a cinema screen (the source being the projector), the image produced on a detector in the rear of a camera, and the image produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532792",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nthat their wide field of vision was useful for security. Famous examples in art include the \"\"Arnolfini Portrait\"\" by Jan van Eyck and the left wing of the \"\"Werl Altarpiece\"\" by Robert Campin. The image on a convex mirror is always \"\"virtual\"\" (rays haven't actually passed through the image; their extensions do, like in a regular mirror), \"\"diminished\"\" (smaller), and \"\"upright\"\". As the object gets closer to the mirror, the image gets larger, until reaching approximately the size of the object, when it touches the mirror. As the object moves away, the image diminishes in size and gets gradually closer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851175",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nto the mirror and face an object that's in front of the mirror. Then we compare the object with its reflection by turning ourselves 180º, towards the mirror. Again we perceive a left-right reversal due to a change in orientation. So, in these examples the mirror does not actually cause the observed reversals. The concept of reflection can be extended to three-dimensional objects, including the inside parts, even if they are not transparent. The term then relates to structural as well as visual aspects. A three-dimensional object is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. In physics, mirror",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7605159",
"chunk_text": "\"Geometric shape\"\nGeometric shape A geometric shape is the geometric information which remains when location, scale, orientation and reflection are removed from the description of a geometric object. That is, the result of moving a shape around, enlarging it, rotating it, or reflecting it in a mirror is the same shape as the original, and not a distinct shape. Objects that have the same shape as each other are said to be similar. If they also have the same scale as each other, they are said to be congruent. Many two-dimensional geometric shapes can be defined by a set of points or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6270144",
"chunk_text": "Shape\nare the mirror images of each other. Shapes may change if the object is scaled non-uniformly. For example, a sphere becomes an ellipsoid when scaled differently in the vertical and horizontal directions. In other words, preserving axes of symmetry (if they exist) is important for preserving shapes. Also, shape is determined by only the outer boundary of an object. Objects that can be transformed into each other by rigid transformations and mirroring (but not scaling) are congruent. An object is therefore congruent to its mirror image (even if it is not symmetric), but not to a scaled version. Two congruent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15532798",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nthe focal length. If the formula_9 term is larger than the formula_7 term, formula_8 is positive and the image is real. Otherwise, the term is negative and the image is virtual. Again, this validates the behavior described above. The magnification of a mirror is defined as the height of the image divided by the height of the object: By convention, if the resulting magnification is positive, the image is upright. If the magnification is negative, the image is inverted (upside down). The image location and size can also be found by graphical ray tracing, as illustrated in the figures above.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4685767",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nthe focal point of the optical device. Boxes 1 and 3 feature summing the angles of a triangle and comparing to π radians (or 180°). Box 2 shows the Maclaurin series of formula_16 up to order 1. The derivations of the ray matrices of a convex spherical mirror and a thin lens are very similar. Curved mirror A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either \"\"convex\"\" (bulging outwards) or \"\"concave\"\" (bulging inwards). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12197498",
"chunk_text": "\"Similarity (geometry)\"\nSimilarity (geometry) Two geometrical objects are called similar if they both have the same shape, or one has the same shape as the mirror image of the other. More precisely, one can be obtained from the other by uniformly scaling (enlarging or reducing), possibly with additional translation, rotation and reflection. This means that either object can be rescaled, repositioned, and reflected, so as to coincide precisely with the other object. If two objects are similar, each is congruent to the result of a particular uniform scaling of the other. A modern and novel perspective of similarity is to consider geometrical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13970646",
"chunk_text": "\"Plane mirror\"\nPlane mirror A plane mirror is a mirror with a flat (planar) reflective surface. For light rays striking a plane mirror, the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. The angle of the incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the surface normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface). Therefore, the angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal and a collimated beam of light does not spread out after reflection from a plane mirror, except for diffraction effects. A plane mirror makes an image of objects in front of it;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4976896",
"chunk_text": "\"Similarity (geometry)\"\ndrawings. Similarity (geometry) Two geometrical objects are called similar if they both have the same shape, or one has the same shape as the mirror image of the other. More precisely, one can be obtained from the other by uniformly scaling (enlarging or reducing), possibly with additional translation, rotation and reflection. This means that either object can be rescaled, repositioned, and reflected, so as to coincide precisely with the other object. If two objects are similar, each is congruent to the result of a particular uniform scaling of the other. A modern and novel perspective of similarity is to consider",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851174",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nunless the object or figure has reflection symmetry (also known as a P-symmetry). Two-dimensional mirror images can be seen in the reflections of mirrors or other reflecting surfaces, or on a printed surface seen inside-out. If we look at an object that is effectively two-dimensional (such as writing) and then turn it towards a mirror, the object turns through an angle of 180º and we see a left-right reversal in the mirror. In this example, it is the change in orientation rather than the mirror itself that causes the observed reversal. Another example is when we stand with our backs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8858102",
"chunk_text": "\"Non-reversing mirror\"\nmirror was created by mathematics professor R. Andrew Hicks in 2009. It was created using computer algorithms to generate a \"\"disco ball\"\" like surface. The thousands of tiny mirrors are angled to create a surface which curves and bends in different directions. The curves direct rays from an object across the mirror's face before sending them back to the viewer, flipping the conventional mirror image. A patent for a non-reversing mirror was issued to John Joseph Hooker in 1887. Non-reversing mirror A non-reversing mirror (sometimes referred to as a flip mirror) is a mirror that presents its subject as it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5203192",
"chunk_text": "\"Flipped image\"\nFlipped image A flipped image or reversed image, the more formal term, is a static or moving image that is generated by a mirror-reversal of an original across a horizontal axis (a \"\"flopped\"\" image is mirrored across the vertical axis). Many printmaking techniques produce images where the printed copy is reversed from the image made on the printing plate, so in a print copying another image, or a real scene or object, unless the artist deliberately creates the plate as a mirror-image of his subject, the finished print will be a mirror image of it. Many print makers developed the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851179",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nits image.Therefore, no matter how the object is oriented towards the mirror, all the resulting images are fundamentally identical (as Professor Corballis explains in his paper \"\"Much ado about mirrors\"\", mentioned above). In the picture of the mountain reflected in the lake (photograph top right), the reversal normal to the reflecting surface is obvious. Notice that there is no obvious front-back or left-right of the mountain. In the example of the urn and mirror (photograph to right), the urn is fairly symmetrical front-back (and left-right).Thus, no obvious reversal of any sort can be seen in the mirror image of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10341780",
"chunk_text": "\"Erect image\"\na person in a standard plane mirror. Erect image An erect image, in optics, is one that appears right-side up. An erect image is formed when both of the rays intersect each other's a certain point then an erect image is formed It is an image in which directions are the same as those in the object, in contrast to an inverted image. Some telescopes and other devices such as the camera obscura present an inverted image on the viewing surface. Various means like mirrors and compound prism elements are used to achieve an erect image. A common example of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10960078",
"chunk_text": "Anamorphosis\nother furtive images from a casual viewer, while revealing an undistorted image to the knowledgeable spectator. There are two main types of anamorphosis: \"\"perspective\"\" (oblique) and \"\"mirror\"\" (catoptric). More-complex anamorphoses can be devised using distorted lenses, mirrors, or other optical transformations. Examples of perspectival anamorphosis date to the early Renaissance (fifteenth century). Examples of mirror anamorphosis were first seen in the late Renaissance (sixteenth century). With mirror anamorphosis, a conical or cylindrical mirror is placed on the drawing or painting to transform a flat distorted image into an apparently undistorted picture. The deformed image is created by using the laws",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14321802",
"chunk_text": "Simulacrum\nSimulacrum A simulacrum (plural: simulacra from , which means \"\"likeness, similarity\"\") is a representation or imitation of a person or thing. The word was first recorded in the English language in the late 16th century, used to describe a representation, such as a statue or a painting, especially of a god. By the late 19th century, it had gathered a secondary association of inferiority: an image without the substance or qualities of the original. Philosopher Fredric Jameson offers photorealism as an example of artistic simulacrum, where a painting is sometimes created by copying a photograph that is itself a copy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16712310",
"chunk_text": "\"Rotating furnace\"\nRotating furnace A rotating furnace is a device for making solid objects which have concave surfaces that are segments of axially symmetrical paraboloids. Usually, the objects are made of glass. The furnace makes use of the fact, which was known already to Newton, that the centrifugal-force-induced shape of the top surface of a spinning liquid is a concave paraboloid, identical to the shape of a reflecting telescope's primary focusing mirror. Paraboloids can be used in various ways, including (after being silvered) as primary mirrors in reflecting telescopes and solar cookers. The furnace includes a mechanism that rotates an open-topped container",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9275888",
"chunk_text": "\"Plane mirror\"\ncome. However, the image is a laterally-inverted \"\"mirror image\"\" of the object. If a person is reflected in a plane mirror, the image of his right hand appears to be the left hand of the image. Plane mirrors are the only type of mirror for which a real object always produces an image that is virtual, erect and of the same size as the object. Virtual objects produce real images, however. The focal length of a plane mirror is infinity; its optical power is zero. A plane mirror is made using some highly reflecting and polished surface such as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851177",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nreversal of the coordinate axis perpendicular (normal) to the mirror's surface. Although a plane mirror reverses an object only in the direction normal to the mirror surface, there is usually a \"\"perception\"\" of a left-right reversal. Hence, the reversal is called \"\"lateral inversion\"\". The perception of a left-right reversal is probably because the left and right of an object are defined by its perceived top and front, but there is still some debate about the explanation amongst psychologists.The psychology of the perceived left-right reversal is discussed in \"\"Much ado about mirrors\"\" by Professor Michael Corballis (see \"\"external links\"\", below). Reflection",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4685762",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nfrom a large area and focus it into a small spot, as in concentrated solar power. Concave mirrors are used to form optical cavities, which are important in laser construction. Some dental mirrors use a concave surface to provide a magnified image. The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror. Most curved mirrors have a spherical profile. These are the simplest to make, and it is the best shape for general-purpose use. Spherical mirrors, however, suffer from spherical aberration—parallel rays reflected from such mirrors do not focus to a single point. For parallel rays,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "636231",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection (physics)\"\nsurface forms a mirror image, which appears to be reversed from left to right because we compare the image we see to what we would see if we were rotated into the position of the image. Specular reflection at a curved surface forms an image which may be magnified or demagnified; curved mirrors have optical power. Such mirrors may have surfaces that are spherical or parabolic. If the reflecting surface is very smooth, the reflection of light that occurs is called specular or regular reflection. The laws of reflection are as follows: These three laws can all be derived from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7605161",
"chunk_text": "\"Geometric shape\"\nand the sphere. A shape is said to be convex if all of the points on a line segment between any two of its points are also part of the shape. Geometric shape A geometric shape is the geometric information which remains when location, scale, orientation and reflection are removed from the description of a geometric object. That is, the result of moving a shape around, enlarging it, rotating it, or reflecting it in a mirror is the same shape as the original, and not a distinct shape. Objects that have the same shape as each other are said to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2194694",
"chunk_text": "Image\nImage An image (from ) is an artifact that depicts visual perception, for example, a photo or a two-dimensional picture, that has a similar appearance to some subject—usually a physical object or a person, thus providing a depiction of it. In context of image signal processing, an image is a distributed amplitude of color(s). Images may be two-dimensional, such as a photograph or screen display, or three-dimensional, such as a statue or hologram. They may be captured by optical devices – such as cameras, mirrors, lenses, telescopes, microscopes, etc. and natural objects and phenomena, such as the human eye or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10072497",
"chunk_text": "\"Parabolic reflector\"\nParabolic reflector A parabolic (or paraboloid or paraboloidal) reflector (or dish or mirror) is a reflective surface used to collect or project energy such as light, sound, or radio waves. Its shape is part of a circular paraboloid, that is, the surface generated by a parabola revolving around its axis. The parabolic reflector transforms an incoming plane wave traveling along the axis into a spherical wave converging toward the focus. Conversely, a spherical wave generated by a point source placed in the focus is reflected into a plane wave propagating as a collimated beam along the axis. Parabolic reflectors are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8972041",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection (mathematics)\"\nReflection (mathematics) In mathematics, a reflection (also spelled reflexion) is a mapping from a Euclidean space to itself that is an isometry with a hyperplane as a set of fixed points; this set is called the axis (in dimension 2) or plane (in dimension 3) of reflection. The image of a figure by a reflection is its mirror image in the axis or plane of reflection. For example the mirror image of the small Latin letter p for a reflection with respect to a vertical axis would look like q. Its image by reflection in a horizontal axis would look",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13498728",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection symmetry\"\nReflection symmetry Reflection symmetry, line symmetry, mirror symmetry, mirror-image symmetry, is symmetry with respect to reflection. That is, a figure which does not change upon undergoing a reflection has reflectional symmetry. In 2D there is a line/axis of symmetry, in 3D a plane of symmetry. An object or figure which is indistinguishable from its transformed image is called mirror symmetric. In formal terms, a mathematical object is symmetric with respect to a given operation such as reflection, rotation or translation, if, when applied to the object, this operation preserves some property of the object. The set of operations that preserve",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2895858",
"chunk_text": "\"Virtual image\"\nVirtual image In optics, a virtual image is an image formed when the outgoing rays from a point on an object always diverge. The image appears to be located at the point of apparent divergence. Because the rays never really converge, a virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen. In diagrams of optical systems, virtual rays are conventionally represented by dotted lines. Virtual images are located by tracing the real rays that emerge from an optical device (lens, mirror, or some combination) backward to a perceived point of origin. In contrast, a real image is one that is formed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16618512",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection (physics)\"\ninto the headlights of an oncoming car rather than to the driver's eyes. When light reflects off a mirror, one image appears. Two mirrors placed exactly face to face give the appearance of an infinite number of images along a straight line. The multiple images seen between two mirrors that sit at an angle to each other lie over a circle. The center of that circle is located at the imaginary intersection of the mirrors. A square of four mirrors placed face to face give the appearance of an infinite number of images arranged in a plane. The multiple images",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5958282",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection (physics)\"\nmirrors mutually perpendicular to one another (a corner reflector). The image produced is the inverse of one produced by a single mirror. A surface can be made partially retroreflective by depositing a layer of tiny refractive spheres on it or by creating small pyramid like structures. In both cases internal reflection causes the light to be reflected back to where it originated. This is used to make traffic signs and automobile license plates reflect light mostly back in the direction from which it came. In this application perfect retroreflection is not desired, since the light would then be directed back",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3396287",
"chunk_text": "Mirror\nlegs, up-down will appear reversed but not left-right. This sort of reversal is simply a change relative to the observer and not a change intrinsic to the image itself, as with a three-dimensional object. The first mirrors used by humans were most likely pools of dark, still water, or water collected in a primitive vessel of some sort. The requirements for making a good mirror are a surface with a very high degree of flatness (preferably but not necessarily with high reflectivity), and a surface roughness smaller than the wavelength of the light. The earliest manufactured mirrors were pieces of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6270143",
"chunk_text": "Shape\nby a given distance, rotated upside down and magnified by a given factor (see Procrustes superimposition for details). However, a mirror image could be called a different shape. For instance, a \"\"b\"\" and a \"\"p\"\" have a different shape, at least when they are constrained to move within a two-dimensional space like the page on which they are written. Even though they have the same size, there's no way to perfectly superimpose them by translating and rotating them along the page. Similarly, within a three-dimensional space, a right hand and a left hand have a different shape, even if they",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3396285",
"chunk_text": "Mirror\nmirror, the image is actually front-back reversed, which is an effect similar to the hollow-mask illusion. Notice that a mirror image is fundamentally different from the object and cannot be reproduced by simply rotating the object. For things that may be considered as two-dimensional objects (like text), front-back reversal cannot usually explain the observed reversal. In the same way that text on a piece of paper appears reversed if held up to a light and viewed from behind, text held facing a mirror will appear reversed, because the observer is behind the text. Another way to understand the reversals observed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851180",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nurn. A mirror image appears more obviously three-dimensional if the observer moves, or if the image is viewed using binocular vision. This is because the relative position of objects changes as the observer's perspective changes, or is differently viewed with each eye. Looking through a mirror from different positions (but necessarily with the point of observation restricted to the halfspace on one side of the mirror) is like looking at the 3D mirror image of space; without further mirrors only the mirror image of the halfspace before the mirror is relevant; if there is another mirror, the mirror image of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851176",
"chunk_text": "\"Mirror image\"\nimages are investigated in the subject called geometrical optics. In chemistry, two versions (isomers) of a molecule, one a \"\"mirror image\"\" of the other, are called enantiomers if they are not \"\"superposable\"\" (the correct technical term, though the term \"\"superimposable\"\" is also used) on each other. That is an example of chirality (chemistry). In general, an object and its mirror image are called enantiomorphs. If a point of an object has coordinates (\"\"x\"\", \"\"y\"\", \"\"z\"\") then the image of this point (as reflected by a mirror in the \"\"y\"\", \"\"z\"\" plane) has coordinates (-\"\"x\"\", \"\"y\"\", \"\"z\"\"). Thus reflection is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4685763",
"chunk_text": "\"Curved mirror\"\nsuch as those coming from a very distant object, a parabolic reflector can do a better job. Such a mirror can focus incoming parallel rays to a much smaller spot than a spherical mirror can. A toroidal reflector is a form of parabolic reflector which has a different focal distance depending on the angle of the mirror. The Gaussian mirror equation, also known as the mirror and lens equation, relates the object distance formula_1 and image distance formula_2 to the focal length formula_3: The sign convention used here is that the focal length is positive for concave mirrors and negative",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_444
|
which abbott and costello movie has who on first?
|
n/a
|
[
"The Naughty Nineties",
"One Night in the Tropics"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "796989",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nNight Live\"\" host Charlie Sheen and \"\"SNL\"\" cast-member Rachel Dratch performed a modified version of \"\"Who's On First?\"\" in a sketch. A TV movie called \"\"Bud and Lou\"\", based on a book by Hollywood correspondent Bob Thomas, was broadcast in 1978. Starring Harvey Korman as Bud Abbott and Buddy Hackett as Lou Costello, the film told the duo's life story, focusing on Costello and portraying him as volatile and petty. The 1991 Comedy series Morton & Hayes featured a retired two man comedic acting team similar to Abbot and Costello. Jerry Seinfeld is an avid Abbott and Costello fan and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3116147",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nAbbott and Costello Abbott and Costello were an American comedy duo composed of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, whose work on radio and in film and television made them the most popular comedy team of the 1940s and early 1950s. Their patter routine \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is one of the best-known comedy routines of all time in the world, and set the framework for many of their best-known comedy bits. While they had crossed paths a few times prior, the two comedians first worked together in 1935 at the Eltinge Burlesque Theater on 42nd Street in New York City, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10306509",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nlinguistics and miscommunication, it mirrors themes of the \"\"Who's on First?\"\" Routine. The names also have significance in the film because the heptapod named Abbott is taller and quieter while the heptapod named Costello is shorter and chattier, just as the real Abbott and Costello were on their shows. Abbott and Costello Abbott and Costello were an American comedy duo composed of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, whose work on radio and in film and television made them the most popular comedy team of the 1940s and early 1950s. Their patter routine \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is one of the best-known",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4600901",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nthe exhibit area. The comedy group \"\"The Credibility Gap\"\" performed a rock and roll update of \"\"Who's on First?\"\" using the names of rock groups The Who, The Guess Who, and Yes, recorded and released on their first album, \"\"The Bronze Age of Radio\"\". In the 1988 movie \"\"Rain Man\"\", Dustin Hoffman's autistic character Raymond Babbitt recites an affectless \"\"Who's on First?\"\" as a defense mechanism. NBC's \"\"Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip\"\" (2006), a drama about life backstage at a television comedy series, used \"\"Who's on First?\"\" as a plot device. On the January 13, 2001 episode of \"\"Saturday",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2357890",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nin the Tropics\"\". Cast in supporting roles, they stole the show with several classic routines, including the \"\"Who's on First?\"\" routine. Universal signed them to a two-picture contract. Their second film, \"\"Buck Privates\"\" (1941), directed by Arthur Lubin and co-starring The Andrews Sisters, was a massive hit, earning $4 million at the box office and launching Abbott and Costello as stars. Their next film was a haunted house comedy, \"\"Oh, Charlie!\"\". However \"\"Buck Privates\"\" was so successful that the studio decided to delay its release so the team could hastily make and release a second service comedy, \"\"In The Navy\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8096291",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nStooge Joe Besser as Stinky, a whiny child in a Little Lord Fauntleroy suit; Gordon Jones as Mike the cop, who always lost patience with Lou, Joe Kirk (Costello's brother-in-law) as Mr. Bacciagalupe, an Italian immigrant caricature whose role varied with the requirements of the script; and Bobby Barber, who played many \"\"extra\"\" parts. The simple plot lines were often an excuse to recreate comedy routines from their films and burlesque days, including \"\"Who's on First?\"\" Since Lou owned the series (with Abbott working on salary), this allowed them to own these versions of the classic routines as well. Although",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9596732",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nFebruary 3, 1938. At first, the similarities between their voices made it difficult for radio listeners (as opposed to stage audiences) to tell them apart during their rapid-fire repartee. As a result, Costello affected a high-pitched, childish voice. \"\"Who's on First?\"\" was first performed for a national radio audience the following month. They performed on the program as regulars for two years, while also landing roles in a Broadway revue, \"\"The Streets of Paris\"\", in 1939. After debuting their own program, The Abbott and Costello Show, as Fred Allen's summer replacement in 1940, Abbott and Costello joined Edgar Bergen and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9569363",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff\"\nPhillips (Lou Costello), who is implicated in the crime. Casey Edwards (Bud Abbott), the house detective, tries to clear Freddie, but Inspector Wellman (James Flavin) and Sgt. Stone (Mikel Conrad) keep him in custody at his hotel room 'on the state'. Strickland's secretary Gregory Millford and seven of Strickland's former clients happen to be at the resort, and they are all suspects. These former clients are Swami Talpur (Boris Karloff), Angela Gordon (Lenore Aubert), Mrs. Hargreave (Victoria Horne), T. Hanley Brooks (Roland Winters), Lawrence Crandall (Harry Hayden), Mrs. Grimsby (Claire DuBrey) and Mike Relia (Vincent Renno). The bodies of Relia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4152284",
"chunk_text": "\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\nThe second season was shot at Motion Picture Center Studios (today Red Studios Hollywood), where the team had made \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Captain Kidd\"\". Soon after, the studio became Desilu-Cahuenga Studios. \"\"I Love Lucy\"\" and the Danny Thomas and Jack Benny shows were also filmed there. Both seasons, and the complete series, have been released on DVD by Entertainment One, which now owns the rights to the series. The Abbott and Costello Show The Abbott and Costello Show is an American television sitcom starring the popular comedy team of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello. The program premiered in syndication",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12027547",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops\"\nman, Joe Gorman (Fred Clark), who immediately leaves town with his girlfriend, Leota Van Cleef (Lynn Bari). The couple heads to Hollywood where he poses as a European director, Sergei Toumanoff, who plans to make a film starring Leota. Meanwhile, Harry and Willie pursue Gorman across the country in hopes of getting their money back after learning that the deed they purchased is worthless. They hop off a freight train near Los Angeles and stumble onto the set of the western film that Toumanoff happens to be directing. He is furious with the interruption, but the head of the movie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12027548",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops\"\nstudio, Mr. Snavely (Frank Wilcox), hires Harry and Willie because he is impressed with their \"\"stunt work\"\". Toumanoff plots to dispose of Harry and Willie before they can learn his true identity, and he arranges for Willie to double for Leota during a dangerous airplane stunt. His cohort, Hinds (Maxie Rosenbloom), sabotages their parachute and arranges for live bullets to be fired from the other plane in the scene, but Harry and Willie manage to avoid harm. After viewing the film of the airplane stunt, Snavely decides that Harry and Willie would make a great comedy team, and assigns a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177658",
"chunk_text": "\"The World of Abbott and Costello\"\nThe World of Abbott and Costello The World of Abbott and Costello is a 1965 American compilation film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. This film is a compilation of scenes from eighteen films that Abbott and Costello made for Universal Pictures between 1941 and 1955. Comedian Jack E. Leonard provides the narration for the film, which incorporates scenes from the following films: \"\"The World of Abbott and Costello\"\" was theatrically released by Universal Pictures in 1965 as part of a double feature with \"\"McHale's Navy Joins the Air Force\"\". The film has been released twice on DVD:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18158645",
"chunk_text": "\"Martin Ragaway\"\nPa Kettle\"\" movies, 1950's \"\"Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town\"\", for which he penned the story and screenplay and the story for \"\"Ma and Pa Kettle At the Fair\"\" in 1952. Martin Ragaway Martin Ragaway (January 29, 1923 – April 20, 1989) was an American screenwriter. Ragaway wrote screenplays from the 1940s to the 1970s, and is known for writing a number of \"\"Abbott and Costello\"\" films; he co-wrote the most famous sketch in comedy history. Abbott & Costello's \"\"Who's on First\"\". He also wrote for television series such as \"\"Dick Van Dyke Show\"\", The Red Skelton Hour\"\", \"\"Get",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15334608",
"chunk_text": "\"Bud Abbott\"\nBud Abbott William Alexander \"\"Bud\"\" Abbott (October 2, 1897 – April 24, 1974) was an American actor, best known for his film comedy double act, as straight man to Lou Costello. Born into a showbusiness family, Abbott worked in the box office of several theatres, before becoming a comedian/producer of burlesque shows on Broadway, where he allowed Costello to appear with him when his own partner was off ill. They formally teamed up in 1935. Their signature routine, \"\"Who's on First?\"\", was carried through to radio and then to their film debut \"\"One Night in the Tropics\"\" (1940) and \"\"Buck",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13123537",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\na television special \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Jerry Seinfeld\"\" (the title refers to the duo's popular film series in which they met some of Universal's famed horror picture characters), on NBC; the special was said to have been seen in 20 million homes. Although they are not inductees of the Hall itself, Abbott and Costello are among the few non-baseball personnel to be memorialized in the Baseball Hall of Fame. A plaque and a gold record of the \"\"Who's On First?\"\" sketch have been on permanent display there since 1956, and the routine runs on an endless video loop in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10307130",
"chunk_text": "\"Who's on First?\"\nteam's players had \"\"strange nicknames\"\" that seemed to be questions, became known as \"\"Who's on First?\"\" Some versions continue with references to Enos Slaughter, which Costello misunderstands as \"\"He knows\"\" Slaughter. By 1944, Abbott and Costello had the routine copyrighted. Abbott and Costello performed \"\"Who's on First?\"\" numerous times in their careers, rarely performing it exactly the same way twice. They did the routine for President Franklin Roosevelt several times. An abridged version was featured in the team's 1940 film debut, \"\"One Night in the Tropics\"\". The duo reprised the bit in their 1945 film \"\"The Naughty Nineties\"\", and it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14827498",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello in Hollywood\"\nAbbott and Costello in Hollywood Abbott and Costello in Hollywood (on screen title Bud Abbott and Lou Costello in Hollywood) is a 1945 black-and-white comedy film from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced by Martin A. Gosch, directed by S. Sylvan Simon, that stars the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. A barber, Buzz Curtis (Bud Abbott), and a porter, Abercrombie (Lou Costello), work for a Hollywood salon. They are sent to the office of agent Norman Royce (Warner Anderson) to give him a haircut and a shoeshine. On the way there they run into former co-worker Claire Warren (Frances Rafferty), who is about",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7409380",
"chunk_text": "\"The Naughty Nineties\"\nThe Naughty Nineties The Naughty Nineties is a 1945 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. It is notable for containing a filmed version of the duo's \"\"Who's on First?\"\" routine. This version is shown at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown. The time is the 1890s. Captain Sam (Henry Travers), owner of the showboat \"\"River Queen\"\", travels along the Mississippi River bringing honest entertainment to each town. At a stop in Ironville, he meets Crawford (Alan Curtis), Bonita (Rita Johnson), and Bailey (Joe Sawyer), who are wanted by the local sheriff. Against the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9520032",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy\"\nThanksgiving Day Parade. Although Abbott and Costello were called \"\"Pete Patterson\"\" and \"\"Freddie Franklin\"\" in the script and in the closing credits, they used their real names onscreen during filming. In Universal's previous \"\"Mummy\"\" films, the Mummy was called \"\"Kharis\"\", but in this film it is called \"\"Klaris.\"\" Stuntman Eddie Parker (billed as \"\"Edwin\"\") played the mummy. He had previously doubled Lon Chaney, Jr. in Universal's earlier \"\"Mummy\"\" films. This film has been released several times on DVD. Originally released as a single DVD on August 28, 2001, it was released twice as part of two different Abbott and Costello",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6039054",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\noffice. Abbott resolved the rift when he suggested naming Costello's pet charity, a foundation for underprivileged children, the \"\"Lou Costello Jr. Youth Foundation.\"\" The facility opened in 1947 and still serves the Boyle Heights district of Los Angeles. Abbott and Costello reunited as a team in \"\"Buck Privates Come Home\"\" (1947), a sequel to their big hit. In \"\"The Wistful Widow of Wagon Gap\"\" (1947) they were supported by Marjorie Main. They signed a new contract with Universal which allowed them to make films outside of their studio contract. The first of these, \"\"The Noose Hangs High\"\" (1948), was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9569367",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff\"\nthe former clients to use as decoys for the police, but Melton killed Relia and Millford to cover it all up. He attempts to escape through a window, but is caught by a booby trap previously set by Freddie. It was filmed from February 10 through March 26, 1949. The original script, titled \"\"Easy Does It\"\", was written with actor-comedian Bob Hope in mind. However, Universal then purchased the rights and reworked it for Abbott and Costello. The role eventually played by Boris Karloff in the film was originally a female character named \"\"Madame Switzer\"\" in the final shooting script",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6039058",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nJekyll and Mr. Hyde\"\" (1954). They were forced to withdraw from \"\"Fireman Save My Child\"\" in 1954 due to Costello's health, and were replaced by lookalikes Hugh O'Brian and Buddy Hackett. Their last films for Universal were \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops\"\" (1955) and \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy\"\" (1955). In January 1951, Abbott and Costello joined the roster of rotating hosts of \"\"The Colgate Comedy Hour\"\" on NBC. (Eddie Cantor and Martin and Lewis were among the others.) Each show was a live hour of vaudeville in front of an audience, revitalizing the comedians' performances and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177659",
"chunk_text": "\"The World of Abbott and Costello\"\nthe first time, on \"\"The Best of Abbott and Costello Volume Four\"\", on October 4, 2005, and again on October 28, 2008 as part of \"\"Abbott and Costello: The Complete Universal Pictures Collection\"\". The World of Abbott and Costello The World of Abbott and Costello is a 1965 American compilation film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. This film is a compilation of scenes from eighteen films that Abbott and Costello made for Universal Pictures between 1941 and 1955. Comedian Jack E. Leonard provides the narration for the film, which incorporates scenes from the following films: \"\"The World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15335647",
"chunk_text": "\"Who's on First?\"\nBandwagon\"\". In February 1938, Abbott and Costello joined the cast of \"\"The Kate Smith Hour\"\" radio program, and the sketch was first performed for a national radio audience on March 24 of that year. The routine may have been further polished before this broadcast by burlesque producer John Grant, who became the team's writer, and Will Glickman, a staff writer on the radio show. Glickman may have added the nicknames of then-contemporary baseball players like Dizzy and Daffy Dean to set up the routine's premise. This version, with extensive wordplay based on the fact that most of the fictional baseball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9520027",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy\"\nAbbott and Costello Meet the Mummy Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy is a 1955 horror comedy film directed by Charles Lamont and starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. It is the 28th and final Abbott and Costello film produced by Universal-International. Two Americans, Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, who are stranded in Cairo, Egypt, happen to overhear Dr. Gustav Zoomer (Kurt Katch) discussing the mummy Klaris, the guardian of the Tomb of Princess Ara. Apparently the mummy has a sacred medallion that shows where the treasure of Princess Ara can be found. The followers of Klaris, led",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9596743",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nscreen in \"\"Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion\"\" (1950). The following year they made \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man\"\" (1951); then \"\"Comin' Round the Mountain\"\" (1952), a hillbilly comedy. Their first color film, \"\"Jack and the Beanstalk\"\" (1952), was made independent of Universal, and distributed by Warner Bros. After making \"\"Lost in Alaska\"\" (1952) at Universal, they made a second independent color movie, \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Captain Kidd\"\" (1953) with Charles Laughton, that was also distributed by Warner Bros. At Universal they did \"\"Abbott and Costello Go to Mars\"\" (1953) and \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Dr.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3116076",
"chunk_text": "\"Lou Costello\"\nLou Costello Louis Francis Cristillo, professionally known as Lou Costello (March 6, 1906 – March 3, 1959) was an American actor, best known for his film comedy double act with straight man Bud Abbott. Costello had started as an athlete, before working in burlesque on Broadway, where he stood-in for Abbott’s partner who had failed to show up. They formally teamed up in 1935. Their signature routine, \"\"Who's on First?\"\", was carried through to radio and then to their film debut \"\"One Night in the Tropics\"\" (1940) and \"\"Buck Privates\"\" (1941). The duo would go on to make 36 films.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3116179",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nWho (first base), What (second base) and I Don't Know (third base). The key to the routine is Costello's mounting frustration set against Abbott's unyielding formality. Audio recordings are readily available on the Internet. A notable version is the first television performance on the 1951 Colgate Comedy Hour. \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is believed to be available in as many as twenty versions, ranging from one minute to up to ten minutes. The team could time the routine at will, adding or deleting portions as needed for films, radio or television. The longest version is seen in \"\"The Actors' Home\"\" episode",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3116182",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nof their filmed TV series, running approximately eight minutes. A live performance commemorating the opening day of the Lou Costello Jr Youth Foundation in 1947 was recorded, and has been included in numerous comedy albums. The team's final performance of \"\"Who's on First?\"\" on TV was on Steve Allen's variety show in 1957. Abbott and Costello both married perfomers they met in burlesque. Abbott wed Betty Smith, a dancer and comedienne, in 1918, and Costello married a chorus girl, Anne Battler, in 1934. The Costellos had four children; the Abbotts adopted two. Abbott and Costello faced personal demons at times.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14531842",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man\"\nAbbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man (also known as Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet the Invisible Man (full screen title)) is a 1951 American horror comedy film directed by Charles Lamont and starring the team of Abbott and Costello alongside Nancy Guild. The film depicts the misadventures of Lou Francis and Bud Alexander, two private detectives investigating the murder of a boxing promoter. The film was part of a series in which the duo meet classic characters from Universal's stable, including Frankenstein, the Mummy and the Keystone Kops. Lou Francis (Lou Costello)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15335658",
"chunk_text": "\"Who's on First?\"\nthat, shortly after Abbott and Costello teamed up, they paid Musto $15 to write the script. Furthermore, several 1996 obituaries of songwriter Irving Gordon mention that he had written the sketch. The sketch has been reprised, updated, alluded to, and parodied innumerable times over the decades in all forms of media. Some notable examples include: Who's on First? \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is a comedy routine made famous by Abbott and Costello. The premise of the sketch is that Abbott is identifying the players on a baseball team for Costello, but their names and nicknames can be interpreted as non-responsive answers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "961789",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops\"\nAbbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops is a 1955 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. After the film was completed, Universal-International wanted to rename it \"\"Abbott and Costello in the Stunt Men\"\", because they did not consider the \"\"Keystone Kops\"\" to be relevant anymore. However, in October 1954, the studio relented and agreed to use the \"\"Keystone Kops\"\" name. Harry Pierce (Bud Abbott) and his friend, Willie Piper (Lou Costello), invest $5,000 in a motion picture studio. They are sold a deed to the Edison Studio by a con",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9569362",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff\"\nAbbott and Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff Bud Abbott and Lou Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff (the film's poster title), or Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet the Killer Boris Karloff (the onscreen title)—usually referred to as simply Abbott and Costello Meet the Killer, Boris Karloff—is a 1949 horror comedy film directed by Charles Barton starring Abbott and Costello and Boris Karloff. In 1956 the film was re-released along with \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein\"\". Prominent criminal attorney Amos Strickland (Nicholas Joy) checks into the Lost Caverns Resort Hotel. His murdered body is later discovered by the bellboy, Freddie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2357924",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nKramer hears the famous Abbott and Costello line, \"\"His father was a mudder. His mother was a mudder.\"\" In 2003 Montclair State University dedicated a student residential complex aptly named The Abbott and Costello Center on Clove Road in the Little Falls portion of the university's campus. In \"\"\"\", a 1993 spoof comedy directed by Mel Brooks, Dick Van Patten played the part of the Abbot. At one point, a man who looked and sounded like Lou Costello (played by Chuck McCann) yelled \"\"Hey, Abbott!\"\", in exactly the same way Lou did in the Abbott and Costello movies, repeating a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2357834",
"chunk_text": "\"Lou Costello\"\nand a Cop\"\", which was shot at the Lou Costello, Jr. Youth Center in East Los Angeles. In 2009, Costello was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame. Abbott and Costello are among the few non-baseball personnel to be memorialized in the Baseball Hall of Fame, although they are not inductees of the Hall. A plaque and a gold record of the Who's on First? sketch have been on permanent display there since 1956, and a video of the routine loops endlessly in the exhibit area. Lou Costello Louis Francis Cristillo, professionally known as Lou Costello (March 6, 1906",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8096294",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\n\"\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\" originally ran for only two seasons, it found a larger viewership in reruns from the 1960s to the 1990s. The shows have also been released in three different DVD sets over the years. \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is Abbott and Costello's signature routine. TIME magazine (December 26, 1999) named it the best comedy routine of the 20th century. The sketch was based on other earlier burlesque wordplay routines. They began honing the routine shortly after teaming up in 1936, and performed it in vaudeville acts in 1937 and 1938. It was first heard by a national",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18579647",
"chunk_text": "\"Martin Ragaway\"\nMartin Ragaway Martin Ragaway (January 29, 1923 – April 20, 1989) was an American screenwriter. Ragaway wrote screenplays from the 1940s to the 1970s, and is known for writing a number of \"\"Abbott and Costello\"\" films; he co-wrote the most famous sketch in comedy history. Abbott & Costello's \"\"Who's on First\"\". He also wrote for television series such as \"\"Dick Van Dyke Show\"\", The Red Skelton Hour\"\", \"\"Get Smart\"\", \"\"The Brady Bunch\"\", \"\"The Bill Cosby Show\"\", \"\"Here's Lucy\"\", \"\"I Dream of Jeannie\"\", \"\"The Partridge Family\"\", \"\"Diff'rent Strokes\"\", and \"\"The Facts of Life\"\". He also helped to write two \"\"Ma and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10307122",
"chunk_text": "\"Who's on First?\"\nWho's on First? \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is a comedy routine made famous by Abbott and Costello. The premise of the sketch is that Abbott is identifying the players on a baseball team for Costello, but their names and nicknames can be interpreted as non-responsive answers to Costello's questions. For example, the first baseman is named \"\"Who\"\"; thus, the utterance \"\"Who's on first\"\" is ambiguous between the question (\"\"Which person is the first baseman?\"\") and the answer (\"\"The name of the first baseman is 'Who). \"\"Who's on First?\"\" is descended from turn-of-the-century burlesque sketches that used plays on words and names.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11973493",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion\"\nAbbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion is a 1950 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. Bud Jones (Bud Abbott) and Lou Hotchkiss (Lou Costello) are wrestling promoters. Their star, Abdullah (Wee Willie Davis), no longer wishes to follow the script for their crooked matches, especially since he is supposed to lose his next match. Abdullah leaves America to return to his homeland, Algeria. The promoters' financiers, a syndicate that has lent them $5,000 to bring Abdullah to the States, are now requiring them to return the money or face",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4152279",
"chunk_text": "\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\nby the duo. Abbott and Costello portrayed unemployed actors sharing an apartment in a rooming house in Los Angeles. The supporting cast included Sidney Fields as Sidney Fields their landlord; Hillary Brooke as Hillary Brooke their neighbor and sometime love interest for Costello; Gordon Jones as Mike the Cop, a dimwitted foil for the boys; Joe Besser as Stinky, a \"\"little boy\"\" dressed in a Little Lord Fauntleroy suit, played by the clearly adult Besser; and Joe Kirk (Costello's brother-in-law) as Mr. Bacciagalupe, an Italian immigrant caricature who held a variety of jobs depending upon the requirements of the script.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15017746",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops\"\ncity streets before ending at an airport where the swindlers are finally captured. Unfortunately, the stolen money is blown away by the wind generated by the airplane's propeller. Lou Costello's daughter Carole played the theater cashier at the beginning of the film, hence the in-joke: Lou: You're cute. Cashier: You're silly. Lou: So is your old man. Filming ran from June 7 through July 9, 1954, and included cameos by Costello's daughter, Carole, as a theater cashier, Keystone Cops director Mack Sennett as himself, as well as three original Keystone Cops, Hank Mann, Heinie Conklin, and Herold Goodwin. The scenes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3116157",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nFelton, Sidney Fields, Frank Nelson, Martha Wentworth and Benay Venuta. Ken Niles was the show's longtime announcer, doubling as an exasperated foil to Costello, who routinely insulted his on-air wife (played by Elvia Allman). Niles was succeeded by Michael Roy, alternating over the years with Frank Bingman and Jim Doyle. The show went through several orchestras, including those of Ennis, Charles Hoff, Matty Matlock, Matty Malneck, Jack Meakin, Will Osborne, Fred Rich, Leith Stevens and Peter van Steeden. The show's writers included Howard Harris, Hal Fimberg, Parke Levy, Don Prindle, Eddie Cherkose (later known as Eddie Maxwell), Leonard B. Stern,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7320572",
"chunk_text": "\"Lou Costello\"\na larger split of their salary, and Abbott agreed. Abbott and Costello were signed by the William Morris talent agency, which succeeded in landing them featured roles and national exposure on \"\"The Kate Smith Hour\"\", a popular variety show, in 1938. The team's signature routine, \"\"Who's on First?\"\", made its radio debut on Smith's show that year. Many of the team's sketches were further polished by John Grant, who was hired soon after the team joined the radio show. They had their own program, \"\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\", on radio from 1942 to 1949. Their success on the Smith",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4152282",
"chunk_text": "\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\nsitcom had a long life in reruns from the late 1950s to the 1990s. It has been released on DVD by three different distributors, starting in the 1990s. The first two establishing episodes were produced by Alex Gottlieb, who had produced the team's first ten films and, more recently, their two independent color films, \"\"Jack and the Beanstalk\"\" and \"\"Abbott and Costello Meet Captain Kidd\"\" (1952). Jean Yarbrough, who directed every episode of the TV series, took over the producing chores thereafter. (Costello's brother, Pat Costello, was listed as the producer but his function was nominal.) Eddie Forman, head writer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4152277",
"chunk_text": "\"The Abbott and Costello Show\"\nThe Abbott and Costello Show The Abbott and Costello Show is an American television sitcom starring the popular comedy team of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello. The program premiered in syndication in the fall of 1952 and ran two seasons, to the spring of 1954. Each season ran 26 episodes. The series is considered to be among the most influential comedy programs in history. In 1998 \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" praised the series as one of the \"\"100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time\"\". In 2007, \"\"Time\"\" magazine selected it for its \"\"The 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME.\"\" Jerry Seinfeld has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7033225",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde\"\nand police are baffled. A newspaper reporter, Bruce Adams (Craig Stevens), finds one of the murder victims while coming home from a bar at night and calls the police. The next day, two American policemen, Slim (Bud Abbott) and Tubby (Lou Costello), who are working for the London Police Force, respond to a mob fight at a Women's Suffrage Rally in Hyde Park. Reporter Adams, young suffragette Vicky Edwards (Helen Westcott), Slim, and Tubby, all get caught up in the fray and wind up in jail. Later, Vicky's guardian, Dr. Henry Jekyll (Boris Karloff), bails Vicky and Adams out. Tubby",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9039946",
"chunk_text": "\"The Naughty Nineties\"\n\"\"Who's on First?\"\", was ranked No. 91 on American Film Institute's 100 Movie Quotes. The \"\"Who's on First?\"\" routine was intended to appear much earlier in the film. Costello begins the routine by saying, \"\"When we get to St. Louis...\"\", but at this point in the film they are already in St. Louis. The camera crew can be heard laughing in the background during the routine. The film also contains the \"\"Lower/Higher\"\" routine, where Costello auditions as a singer while Abbott shouts directions to the stage crew to change the height and placement of the backdrop curtain. Costello believes Abbott",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4600906",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\na couple of aliens crash landed on the site in the 1960s. \"\"We call them Abbot and Costello\"\", he states. In 2015 a non profit fan film was produced titled \"\"Abbott & Costello Meet Superman.\"\" The film was screened at the Superman Celebration Film Festival in Metropolis Illinois and is currently streaming on YouTube. Abbott and Costello are played by two actors from New York, Aaron M. Lambert and Jake Navatka. In the 2016 sci-fi movie \"\"Arrival\"\", the two Heptapods (alien beings) are named Abbott and Costello by the scientists. As two of the main themes in the movie are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17864486",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello Go to Mars\"\nencounter a civilization consisting entirely of beautiful women. Despite the film's title, no character in the film travels to the planet Mars. Orville (Lou Costello) is the oldest orphan at the Hideaway Orphans Home. He accidentally winds up inside a truck heading to a top-secret laboratory, where he is placed under the guidance of lab worker Lester (Bud Abbott) to help load supplies onto a rocketship. While on board with Lester, Orville hits the ignition button and the rocketship blasts off, flying across the country to New Orleans, where Mardi Gras is in progress. They exit and witness \"\"hideous creatures\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8096297",
"chunk_text": "\"Abbott and Costello\"\nradio audience on March 24, 1938 when the team were regulars on the Kate Smith radio show. By then, John Grant had been writing or adapting other sketches for the team and may have helped expand \"\"Who's On First?\"\" prior to its radio debut. He stayed on as their head writer into the 1950s. Depending upon the version, Abbott has either organized a new baseball team and the players have nicknames, or he points out the proliferation of nicknames in baseball (citing St. Louis Cardinals sibling pitchers Dizzy and Daffy Dean) before launching into the routine. The infielders' nicknames are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_445
|
who does the voice of the beast in the new movie?
|
n/a
|
[
"Dan Stevens"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14400835",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nBeauty and the Beast (2017 film) Beauty and the Beast is a 2017 American musical romantic fantasy film directed by Bill Condon from a screenplay written by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos, and co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mandeville Films. The film is a live-action reimagining of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name, itself an adaptation of Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's 18th-century fairy tale. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Emma Watson and Dan Stevens as the eponymous characters with Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4175007",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nwere revealed to be in talks to play Gaston and the Beast respectively, and Watson confirmed their casting the following day through tweets. The rest of the principal cast, including Josh Gad, Emma Thompson, Kevin Kline, Audra McDonald, Ian McKellen, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ewan McGregor and Stanley Tucci were announced between March and April to play LeFou, Mrs. Potts, Maurice, Madame de Garderobe, Cogsworth, Plumette, Lumière and Cadenza, respectively. Susan Egan, who originated the role of Belle on Broadway, commented on the casting of Watson as \"\"perfect\"\". Paige O'Hara, who voiced Belle in the original animated film and its sequels, offered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1013694",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast (Beauty and the Beast)\"\nBeast in a live-action adaptation of the film, which was released on March 17, 2017. The Beast was portrayed with a “more traditional motion capture puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation\"\", where Stevens was \"\"in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film\"\". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately order to \"\"communicate the subtleties of the human face\"\" and \"\"[capture the] thought that occurs to him\"\" which gets \"\"through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.” The live-action portrayal closely follows the animated version, but with some",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6341263",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\ndue to confusion among test audiences caused by actress Harriet Jones, who looked similar to Hattie Morahan, who portrayed Agathe. In the original version of the scene, it was Jones's character, the Prince's mother, who sings the first verse of the song, with Rudi Goodman playing the young Prince and Henry Garrett playing his father; but in the reshot version of the scene, the singing part is given to the Prince (now played by Adam Mitchell). The King was also recast to Tom Turner, although Harriet Jones was still the Queen, albeit with dark hair. Both Goodman and Garrett's names",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4175009",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\npuppeteering for the body and the physical orientation\"\", where actor Dan Stevens was \"\"in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film\"\". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately in order to \"\"communicate the subtleties of the human face\"\" and \"\"[capture the] thought that occurs to him\"\" which gets \"\"through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.\"\" The castle servants who are transformed into household objects were created with CGI animation. Before the release of the film, Bill Condon refilmed one certain sequence in the \"\"Days of the Sun\"\" number,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1745700",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)\"\nthe Menken/Rice songs from the Broadway musical, with the intention of making the film as a \"\"straight-forward, live-action, large-budget movie musical\"\". In September 2014, it was announced that Stephen Chbosky (\"\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\") would re-write the script. In January 2015, Emma Watson announced on her Facebook page that she would portray Belle in the new live action remake film. In March 2015, Dan Stevens, Luke Evans, Emma Thompson, Josh Gad, Audra McDonald, and Kevin Kline joined the film as the Beast, Gaston, Mrs. Potts, Lefou, Garderobe, and Maurice, respectively. The following month, Ian McKellen, Ewan McGregor, Stanley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13993402",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast (Beauty and the Beast)\"\nbeautiful young woman named Belle who he imprisons in his castle. All this must be done before the last petal falls from the enchanted rose on his twenty-first birthday. In all animated film appearances, the Beast is voiced by American actor Robby Benson. The 1991 animated film was adapted into a Broadway musical in 1994, with the role being originated by American actor Terrence Mann. Dan Stevens portrays the character in a 2017 live-action adaptation of the original 1991 film. Determining a suitable appearance for the Beast proved challenging. Although entirely fictional, supervising animator Glen Keane felt it essential for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6341275",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nthe time the film's release was 10 days away, analysts raised projections to as high as $150 million. It earned $16.3 million from Thursday previews night, marking the biggest of 2017 (breaking \"\"Logan\"\"'s record), the biggest ever for a Disney live-action film (breaking \"\"Maleficent\"\"'s record), the second-biggest ever for both a G- or PG-rated film (behind the sixth \"\"Harry Potter\"\" film \"\"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\"\" which also starred Watson), and the third-biggest ever in the month of March (behind \"\"\"\" and \"\"The Hunger Games\"\"). An estimated 41% of the gross came from IMAX, 3D and premium large format",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17517176",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)\"\nBeauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three new songs composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Tim Rice. The soundtrack album was released by Walt Disney Records on March 10, 2017. The songs feature vocal performances by the film's ensemble cast including Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3632764",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast (2017 film)\"\nBeast (2017 film) Beast (Prince Boyet) is a 2017 British psychological thriller film written and directed by Michael Pearce, starring Jessie Buckley, Johnny Flynn, and Geraldine James. The film had its world premiere in the Platform section at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. 27-year-old Moll works as a tour guide while living with her wealthy parents to help care for her father with dementia. The community is on-edge following a string of unsolved rapes and murders of young women in the area. During Moll’s birthday party, her sister hijacks the reception to announce that she is pregnant with twins.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999794",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nwe just couldn't get it to click and it was Alan Horn who championed the idea of owning the Disney of it all. We realized there was a competitive advantage in the songs. What is wrong with making adults feel like kids again?\"\" In January 2015, Emma Watson announced that she would be starring as Belle, the female lead. She was the first choice of Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn, as he had previously overseen Warner Bros. which released the eight \"\"Harry Potter\"\" films that co-starred Watson as Hermione Granger. Two months later, Luke Evans and Dan Stevens",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3632772",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast (2017 film)\"\nOn Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 74 out of 100, based on 19 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Beast (2017 film) Beast (Prince Boyet) is a 2017 British psychological thriller film written and directed by Michael Pearce, starring Jessie Buckley, Johnny Flynn, and Geraldine James. The film had its world premiere in the Platform section at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. 27-year-old Moll works as a tour guide while living with her wealthy parents to help care for her father with dementia. The community is on-edge following a string of unsolved rapes and murders of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13732410",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (franchise)\"\nof Friendship\"\" is a live-action/animated direct-to-video installment of the film series. It was directed by Jimbo Mitchell, and released on August 17, 1999. It is set during the original film, and was released in part to help promote Disney Channel's television series, Sing Me a Story with Belle. On March 17, 2017, Disney released a live-action adaptation of the film, which was directed by Bill Condon. The movie stars Emma Watson as Belle, Dan Stevens as the Beast, Luke Evans as Gaston, Ewan McGregor as Lumière, Ian McKellen as Cogsworth, Emma Thompson as Mrs. Potts, Kevin Kline as Maurice, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17962564",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast of Burden (film)\"\nBeast of Burden (film) Beast of Burden is a 2018 American action film written by Adam Hoelzel and directed by Jesper Ganslandt. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe and Grace Gummer. Sean Haggerty (Daniel Radcliffe) is a pilot who transports cocaine across the United States border. Over the course of his final day on the job, he must successfully navigate both the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Cartel, while simultaneously salvaging his fraught marriage. The film had a limited theatrical release on February 23, 2018. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 33 % based on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18375904",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast of Burden (film)\"\n6 reviews, and an average rating of 4.9 out of 10. Beast of Burden (film) Beast of Burden is a 2018 American action film written by Adam Hoelzel and directed by Jesper Ganslandt. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe and Grace Gummer. Sean Haggerty (Daniel Radcliffe) is a pilot who transports cocaine across the United States border. Over the course of his final day on the job, he must successfully navigate both the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Cartel, while simultaneously salvaging his fraught marriage. The film had a limited theatrical release on February 23, 2018. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14400855",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\ncouldn't say yes right away, because I felt like I was kind of cheating in a way\"\". She eventually felt compelled to record the song because of the impact \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" has had on her career. According to Dion, \"\"I was at the beginning of my career, it put me on the map, it put me where I am today\"\". Also, Josh Groban was announced to be performing the new original song \"\"Evermore\"\" on January 26, 2017. The 2017 film features a remake of the 1991 original song recorded as a duet by Ariana Grande and John Legend.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999778",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nMcKellen, and Emma Thompson in supporting roles. Principal photography began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England on May 18, 2015, and ended on August 21. With an estimated budget of around $255 million, it is one of the most expensive films ever made. \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" premiered at Spencer House in London on February 23, 2017, and was released in the United States in standard, Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, IMAX and IMAX 3D formats, along with Dolby Cinema on March 17, 2017. The film received generally favorable reviews, with many praising the performances and its faithfulness to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999822",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nUnited Kingdom and Ireland, ahead of all but one \"\"Harry Potter\"\" film (\"\"Deathly Hallows – Part 2\"\") and all three \"\"The Lord of the Rings\"\" movies (which also starred Ian McKellen). It is currently the eighth-biggest grosser with £70.1 million ($90 million), overtaking \"\"Mamma Mia!\"\" to become the biggest musical production ever there. The biggest international earning markets following the UK are Japan ($108 million), China ($85.8 million), Brazil ($41.5 million), Korea ($37.5 million), and Australia ($35 million). In Europe alone, the cumulative total is $267 million, which led it to become the second-highest-grossing film in the past year (behind",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1013693",
"chunk_text": "\"Beast (Beauty and the Beast)\"\nof \"\"the Beast\"\" is actually another fairy tale character, Rumplestiltskin (played by Robert Carlyle), who gains possession of Belle as part of a deal to save Belle's kingdom from losing a war. Indian actor Vikram portrayed Beast for sequences in a dreamy song \"\"Ennodu Nee Irundhal\"\" in the 2015 Tamil language film \"\"\"\"I\"\"\"\" opposite Amy Jackson who portrayed Belle. The original prosthetic make-up for the characters were provided by Sean Foot (Shaun) and Davina Lamont and additional works were done by National Film Award winners—Christien Tinsley and Dominie Till. In March 2015, English actor Dan Stevens was cast as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8477647",
"chunk_text": "\"Robby Benson\"\nRobby Benson Robin David Segal (born January 21, 1956), known by the stage name Robby Benson, is an American actor, voice actor, musician, singer, director, producer and educator. He is known as the voice of Beast in the Disney animated film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" and its numerous sequels and spin-offs, and directed several episodes of the sitcom \"\"Friends\"\". Benson was born in Dallas, Texas, the son of Freda Ann (\"\"née\"\" Benson), a singer, actor, and business promotions manager, and Jerry Segal, a writer. His family is Jewish. Benson was raised in New York City and took his mother's maiden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14400856",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nGrande and Legend's updated version of the title song is faithful to the original, Grammy-winning duet, performed by Céline Dion and Peabo Bryson for the 1991 Disney film. Disney debuted the music video for Ariana Grande and John Legend's interpretation of the title song on Freeform television network on March 5, 2017, and it has since been viewed over 100 million views on the Vevo video-hosting service. Emma Thompson also performed a rendition of the title song, which was performed by Angela Lansbury in the original 1991 animated film. On March 16, 2015, Disney announced the film would be released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999832",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nfaithful but entirely new and unique way elevating the material beyond expectations, establishing itself as a cinematic equal to the original\"\" and also complimented the importance of undertaking a renowned yet problematic masterpiece as well addressing changes in the elements of the story while acknowledging the film's effectiveness in resonating to the audiences. Stephen Whitty of the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" called it \"\"this year's best new old musical\"\" and \"\"the most magical thing of all\"\" while describing Watson's performance of Belle as \"\"breakthrough\"\". Several critics regarded the film as inferior to its 1991 animated predecessor. David Sims of \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14795598",
"chunk_text": "\"Robby Benson\"\npractices Transcendental Meditation. Robby Benson Robin David Segal (born January 21, 1956), known by the stage name Robby Benson, is an American actor, voice actor, musician, singer, director, producer and educator. He is known as the voice of Beast in the Disney animated film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" and its numerous sequels and spin-offs, and directed several episodes of the sitcom \"\"Friends\"\". Benson was born in Dallas, Texas, the son of Freda Ann (\"\"née\"\" Benson), a singer, actor, and business promotions manager, and Jerry Segal, a writer. His family is Jewish. Benson was raised in New York City and took",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999831",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nalso praised the film for its emotional and psychological tone as well Steven's motion capture performance. Tim Robey of \"\"The Daily Telegraph\"\" gave the film four stars out of five and wrote that \"\"It dazzles on this chocolate box of a picture that feels almost greedy yet to make this film work, down to a sugar-rush finale to grasp the nettle and make an out-an-out, bells-and-whistles musical\"\" while he praised the performances of Watson, McKellen, Thompson, McGregor, Evans and Gad. Mark Hughes of \"\"Forbes\"\" also similarly praised the film which he wrote that \"\"it could revive the story in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6341270",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\non July 7, 2016. On November 2, 2016, \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" debuted the first official image on the cover of their magazine, along with nine new photos. One week later, Emma Watson and Disney debuted a new poster. On November 14, 2016, the first theatrical trailer was released, again on \"\"Good Morning America\"\". This reached 127.6 million views in its first 24 hours, setting a new record for the most views in one day, beating \"\"Fifty Shades Darker\"\"; this record has since been broken by \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\". A TV spot with Watson singing was shown during the 74th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14400853",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nfilm as a \"\"straight-forward, live-action, large-budget movie musical\"\". Menken returned to score the film's music, which features songs from the original film by him and Howard Ashman, plus new material written by Menken and Tim Rice. Menken said the film would not include songs that were written for the Broadway musical and instead, created four new songs. However, an instrumental version of the song \"\"Home\"\", which was written for the musical, is used during the scene where Belle first enters her room in the castle. On January 19, 2017, it was confirmed by both Disney and Céline Dion—singer of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4893009",
"chunk_text": "\"Emma Watson\"\nShe also appeared in an episode of \"\"The Vicar of Dibley\"\", in which she played Reverend Iris. In February 2016, Watson announced she was taking a year-long break from acting. She planned to spend the time on her \"\"personal development\"\" and her women's rights work. Watson played Belle in the 2017 live action Disney adaptation of \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" directed by Bill Condon, and starring opposite Dan Stevens as the Beast. The film earned over $1.2 billion at the box office and emerged as the second highest-grossing film of 2017, behind only \"\"\"\", and the 14th highest-grossing film of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2850695",
"chunk_text": "\"Josh Gad\"\nJosh Gad Joshua Ilan Gad (born February 23, 1981) is an American actor, comedian and singer. He is known for voicing Olaf in \"\"Frozen\"\", playing Elder Arnold Cunningham in the Broadway musical \"\"The Book of Mormon\"\", and LeFou in the live action adaptation of Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". He has also appeared in \"\"ER\"\", \"\"The Daily Show\"\", \"\"Modern Family\"\", \"\"New Girl\"\", \"\"Bored to Death\"\", and \"\"Numb3rs\"\". Gad played Skip Gilchrist in the political sitcom \"\"1600 Penn\"\" on NBC, and a fictionalized version of himself on FX's \"\"The Comedians\"\", alongside Billy Crystal. His other film roles include \"\"The Rocker\"\", \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20110907",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)\"\nStanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Nathan Mack, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson. The album debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 chart with 57,000 units, 48,000 of which are traditional album sales. It has sold 337,000 copies in the United States as of July 2017. Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999811",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nfrom audiences, good reviews from critics, effective marketing which sold the title not just as a family film but also as a romantic drama, the cast's star power (especially Emma Watson), lack of competition, being the first family film since \"\"The Lego Batman Movie\"\" a month earlier, nostalgia, and the success and ubiquity of the first film and Disney's brand. On Monday, its fourth day of release, the film fell precipitously by 72% earning $13.5 million. The steep fall was due to a limited marketplace where only 11% K-12 and 15% colleges were off per ComScore. Nevertheless, it is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4659408",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Stevens\"\n\"\"The Guest\"\", winning critical acclaim for his portrayal of a recently discharged army veteran who goes on a killing spree to protect his true identity. He earned a Saturn Award for Best Actor nomination for his performance. Also in 2014, he appeared in the magic realism comedy-drama film \"\"The Cobbler\"\", and in the dark action film \"\"A Walk Among the Tombstones\"\". He played a simulacrum of Sir Lancelot in the 2014 comedy film \"\"\"\". Stevens played the Beast, opposite Emma Watson as Belle, in Disney's live action remake adaptation of \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". The film was released in March",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10697450",
"chunk_text": "\"Transformers (toy line)\"\nDeSanto and Don Murphy serving as co-executive producers. In practice, this meant that they were the primary financial sponsors of the film. Shia LaBeouf portrays the lead human character, Sam Witwicky, in the film with Josh Duhamel, Tyrese Gibson, and Megan Fox in supporting roles. Peter Cullen reprises his role as the voice of Optimus Prime. Megatron's voice is provided by Hugo Weaving. It was expected that the release of a new movie would involve the production and release of associated toys from Takara and Hasbro. Images surfaced, on-line, of some toy prototypes, notably Starscream and a new Decepticon who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7435630",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Mack\"\nNathan Mack Nathan Mack (born 15 April 2007) is a British child actor who is known for portraying Tyler in 2014's \"\"Babylon\"\" and Chip Potts in the 2017 live-action adaptation of \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". He attends Stagecoach Performing Arts School for children, which also helped him land the role. Nathan Mack was born on April 15, 2007 in England. He attends Stagecoach Performing Arts School for children where he has been a student since he was seven. For the role of Chip his teachers put him forward for the audition. Nathan states that although it was nerve-wracking, it was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4672832",
"chunk_text": "\"Hanson and the Beast\"\nHanson and the Beast Hanson and the Beast () is a Chinese fantasy comedy film starring Feng Shaofeng and Liu Yifei. The film was released on 29 December 2017 in China. It was released in limited release in North America on 5 January 2018. Yuan Shuai, a debt-ridden animal-breeder, tries to get out of his financial predicament by finding a wealthy girlfriend through matchmaking dates. He unexpectedly meets and fall in love with the fox demon, Bai Xianchu, who has arrived to the mortal realm to repay her gratitude. However, the head of the Demon tribe Yun Zhonghe forbids a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531563",
"chunk_text": "\"Josh Rhett Noble\"\ndebut, \"\"This Is the Year\"\", which is set for release in 2019. Josh Rhett Noble Josh Rhett Noble (born September 6, 1980) is an American stage, television, film and voice actor. Noble is best known for his role as Gaston in Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" in theaters across the country, various guest star roles in television (including stints in and the Jay-Z produced ) and for providing voice and motion capture for the Rockstar produced video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2.\"\" He is the recipient of the 2011 BroadwayWorld Award for Best Actor in a Musical for his portrayal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1930959",
"chunk_text": "\"The One and Only Ivan (film)\"\nhad been cast to voice an elephant named Stella. In November, Brooklynn Prince was cast to voice Ruby, the baby elephant. In January 2018, Ariana Greenblatt joined the cast in a live action role. Producer Allison Shearmur died on January 19, 2018. She will retain her producer credit on the film. In February, Sam Rockwell was cast to voice the titular Ivan, and Bryan Cranston was cast as a circus owner. In March 2018, Ramon Rodriguez signed on to a live action role, that of the father of Greenblatt’s character. In May 2018, Danny DeVito and Helen Mirren signed on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7388999",
"chunk_text": "\"Evermore (Beauty and the Beast song)\"\nEvermore (Beauty and the Beast song) \"\"Evermore\"\" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical fantasy film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" (2017), a live-action remake of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name. Originally recorded for the film by English actor Dan Stevens, who performs the song in his starring role as the titular Beast, \"\"Evermore\"\" was first released as a single by American singer Josh Groban on March 3, 2017. Stevens' version became available on March 10, 2017 when the film's soundtrack was released online, while Groban's cover is played during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11975812",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)\"\nTucci, and Gugu Mbatha-Raw joined the cast, as Cogsworth, Lumière, Cadenza, and Plumette, respectively. Composer Alan Menken returned to score the film's music, with new material written by Menken and Tim Rice. In June 2015, Menken said the film would not include the songs that were written for the Broadway musical. Filming began on May 18, 2015 in London, and production officially wrapped in August 2015. The film was released on March 17, 2017. \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" merchandise cover a wide variety of products, among them storybook versions of the film's story, a comic book based on the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4424624",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Chbosky\"\nChoice Award for Best Dramatic Movie. Chbosky re-wrote Evan Spiliotopoulos's original script for the 2017 live action reboot of Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", directed by Bill Condon and starring Emma Watson as Belle. Chbosky and Watson developed a close relationship during the production of \"\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower.\"\" The adaptation was faithful to the original 1991 animated film \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", with all the original musical numbers included. The film was released on March 17, 2017. Chbosky directed the 2017 film \"\"Wonder\"\", co-written by Chbosky, Jack Thorne, and Steve Conrad and based on the 2012 novel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999814",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nfilm of 2017 to do so. By its fourth weekend, the film began was playing in 3,969 cinemas, a fall of 241 theaters from its previous weekend. Of those, approximately 1,200 cinemas were sing-along versions. It earned $26.3 million (−48%) and retained second place. By comparison, previous Disney films \"\"Moana\"\" (−8%) and \"\"Frozen\"\" (−2%) both witnessed mild percentage declines the weekend their sing-alone versions were released. Its seventh weekend of release was in contemporaneous with another Emma Watson-starring new film \"\"The Circle\"\". That weekend, \"\"The Circle\"\" was number four, while \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" was at number six. By May",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14400844",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nto the Beast, Agathe reveals herself as the enchantress and undoes the curse, repairing the crumbling castle, and reviving the Beast then turning him and his servants' human making the villagers' remember their loved ones. The Prince and Belle host a ball for the villagers, where they dance happily. In the initial theatrical release, Mitchell was miscredited as Rudi Goodman in the cast, but listed under his real name in the soundtrack credits Stephen Merchant also appeared in the film as Monsieur Toilette, a servant who was turned into a toilet. This character was cut from the film, but is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6341288",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\neffects, costume designs and the sets, while commending the inclusion of Gad's character of LeFou as the first LGBT character in Disney. Owen Gleiberman of \"\"Variety\"\", in his positive review of the film, wrote: \"\"It's a lovingly crafted movie, and in many ways a good one, but before that it's an enraptured piece of old-is-new nostalgia.\"\" Gleiberman compared Steven's character of the Beast to a royal version of the titular character in \"\"The Elephant Man\"\" and the 1946 version of the Beast in Jean Cocteau's original adaptation. A. O. Scott of \"\"The New York Times\"\" praised the performances of both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10863138",
"chunk_text": "\"Ewan McGregor\"\nand Julia Roberts in \"\"\"\", which was based on Tracy Letts's Pulitzer Prize-winning . McGregor starred in the action comedy film \"\"Mortdecai\"\" (2015), alongside Johnny Depp and Paul Bettany. Robbie Collin of \"\"The Daily Telegraph\"\" felt the film was \"\"psychotically unfunny\"\". He made his directorial debut with \"\"American Pastoral\"\" (2016), in which he also starred. In 2017, he reprised his role as Mark Renton in \"\"T2 Trainspotting\"\". McGregor played Lumiere in the live action adaptation of Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", directed by Bill Condon with an ensemble cast featuring Emma Watson in a leading role alongside Dan Stevens, Luke",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531558",
"chunk_text": "\"Josh Rhett Noble\"\nJosh Rhett Noble Josh Rhett Noble (born September 6, 1980) is an American stage, television, film and voice actor. Noble is best known for his role as Gaston in Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" in theaters across the country, various guest star roles in television (including stints in and the Jay-Z produced ) and for providing voice and motion capture for the Rockstar produced video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2.\"\" He is the recipient of the 2011 BroadwayWorld Award for Best Actor in a Musical for his portrayal of Matthew in \"\"Altar Boyz\"\" as well as the 2013 BroadwayWorld Award",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8795735",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Evans (actor)\"\nJeremy Irons. In January 2015, Evans officially exited \"\"The Crow\"\" to pursue other projects. The same year, he was named one of \"\"GQ\"\"s 50 best dressed British men. In 2016, Evans appeared in the thriller film \"\"The Girl on the Train\"\", co-starring Emily Blunt. In 2017, he had the villainous role of Gaston in Disney's live action remake, \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", which co-stars Emma Watson; and also played the lead role, William Moulton Marston, the creator of Wonder Woman, in the film \"\"Professor Marston and the Wonder Women\"\". In 2018, Evans stars in TNT drama \"\"The Alienist\"\", as newspaper",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999827",
"chunk_text": "\"Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)\"\nof the other cast and also pointing out on its usage of the combination of motion capture and CGI technology as a big advantage which he stated: \"\"Almost overwhelmingly lavish, beautifully staged and performed with exquisite timing and grace by the outstanding cast\"\". Mike Ryan of \"\"Uproxx\"\" praised the cast, production design and the new songs while noting the film doesn't try anything different, saying: \"\"There's certainly nothing that new about this version of \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" (well, except it isn't a cartoon anymore), but it's a good recreation of a classic animated film that should leave most die-hards",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20647829",
"chunk_text": "\"Brian Steele\"\nportrayed Drake Beast in \"\"\"\", Sammael in \"\"Hellboy\"\", Lycan werewolves in \"\"Underworld\"\" and \"\"\"\", William Corvinus in \"\"\"\", T-600 in \"\"Terminator Salvation\"\", Berzerker Predator in \"\"Predators\"\", and a Bigfoot in the Eduardo Sánchez horror-thriller film \"\"Exists\"\". Brian Steele has participated in multiple ultra-distance, self-supported cycling races, including the Tour Divide mountain bike race and the Trans Am Bike Race. Brian Steele Brian Steele is an American actor who has had many roles as monsters and creatures on television and in films. In 2018, he appears as The Robot in \"\"Lost in Space\"\". Steele stands at 6 ft 7 in (2.01m).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7389037",
"chunk_text": "\"Evermore (Beauty and the Beast song)\"\nplayed during the film's end credits. Groban released a statement, saying: \"\"I am honored to sing this beautiful new song by two of my absolute favorites, Alan Menken and Tim Rice. \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" has been with me since my childhood and to have a musical connection to this new film makes me so happy.\"\" The announcement coincided with the studio's release of a new promotional poster for the film, which Disney allowed the singer to premiere using his official Twitter account. A 30-second sample of the track was uploaded to SoundCloud on February 14, 2017, which Groban also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10247785",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (2019 film)\"\nThe Lion King (2019 film) The Lion King is an upcoming American drama film directed by Jon Favreau and produced by Walt Disney Pictures. It is a photorealistic computer animated remake of Disney's traditionally animated 1994 film of the same name. The film features the voices of Donald Glover, Seth Rogen, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Billy Eichner, John Oliver, Keegan-Michael Key, Beyoncé Knowles-Carter, and James Earl Jones. Plans for a remake of \"\"The Lion King\"\" were confirmed in September 2016 following the success of Favreau's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\". Much of the main cast signed in early 2017 and principal photography began in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2850712",
"chunk_text": "\"Josh Gad\"\ntwo daughters. Gad has stated that he loves the traditional aspects of Judaism and celebrates some traditions of his wife's religion (Catholicism), and considers himself spiritual but not religious. Josh Gad Joshua Ilan Gad (born February 23, 1981) is an American actor, comedian and singer. He is known for voicing Olaf in \"\"Frozen\"\", playing Elder Arnold Cunningham in the Broadway musical \"\"The Book of Mormon\"\", and LeFou in the live action adaptation of Disney's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". He has also appeared in \"\"ER\"\", \"\"The Daily Show\"\", \"\"Modern Family\"\", \"\"New Girl\"\", \"\"Bored to Death\"\", and \"\"Numb3rs\"\". Gad played Skip Gilchrist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_446
|
when did the first wireless beats come out?
|
n/a
|
[
"October 2012"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217744",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nas M.I.A., Pharrell Williams, will.i.am, and Gwen Stefani during the early developmental stage. Beats initially partnered with Monster Cable, an audio and video component manufacturer based in Brisbane, California, to manufacture and develop the first Beats-branded products, and debuted its first product, \"\"Beats by Dr. Dre Studio\"\" headphones, on July 25, 2008. To promote its products, Beats primarily relied on endorsements by pop and hip-hop music performers, including product placement within music videos, and partnering with musicians and other celebrities to develop co-branded products. Beats' use of endorsements by musicians helped the company aggressively target the young adult demographics. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217743",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nlate 2013. On August 1, 2014, Apple Inc. acquired Beats for US$3 billion in a cash and stock deal, the largest acquisition in Apple's history. The company was formally established in 2006, a time when Iovine perceived two key problems in the music industry: the impact of piracy on music sales and the substandard audio quality provided by Apple's plastic earbuds. Iovine later recalled that Dre said to him: \"\"Man, it's one thing that people steal my music. It's another thing to destroy the feeling of what I've worked on.\"\" Iovine sought the opinions of musicians with \"\"great taste\"\", such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12076898",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nIn comparison to most headphones, \"\"Beats\"\" products were characterized by an emphasis towards producing larger amounts of bass, and are particularly optimized towards hip-hop and pop music. In October 2012, Beats unveiled its first two self-developed products, the Beats Executive noise-cancelling headphones (to compete with similar offerings by Bose and Sennheiser) and the Beats Pill portable speaker. In October 2015, Beats launched a new collection of speakers including the upgraded Beats Pill+ Speaker. This is currently the high-end wireless headphones that Beats offers. It connects by bluetooth and has 40 hours battery life. With sound canceling on it has 22",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17075738",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Music\"\nBeats Music Beats Music was a subscription-based online music streaming service owned by the Beats Electronics division of Apple Inc. First developed in 2012 under the name \"\"Daisy\"\", the service combined algorithm-based personalization with expert music suggestions from a variety of sources. The service built upon Beats' existing consumer electronics line, and its 2012 acquisition of the similar service MOG. The service was launched in the United States on January 21, 2014. Beats Music was acquired by Apple Inc. as part of its purchase of Beats Electronics in May 2014. Beats Music was discontinued concurrent with the launch of Apple",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9674052",
"chunk_text": "\"Dr. Dre\"\nmember Ice Cube, Dr. Dre produced \"\"Straight Outta Compton\"\" (2015), a biographical film about N.W.A. In July 2008, Dr. Dre released his first brand of headphones, Beats by Dr. Dre. The line consisted of Beats Studio, a circumaural headphone; Beats Tour, an in-ear headphone; Beats Solo & Solo HD, a supra-aural headphone; Beats Spin; Heartbeats by Lady Gaga, also an in-ear headphone; and Diddy Beats. In autumn 2009, Hewlett-Packard participated in a deal to bundle Beats By Dr. Dre with some HP laptops and headsets. HP and Dr. Dre announced the deal on October 9, 2009, at a press event",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085198",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nXE/XL with Beats Audio in September 2011. The software was to be included in most new HTC devices, such as the One series. The Sensation XE and Rezound were also bundled with Beats by Dre earbuds, but HTC abandoned the practice on future devices. A HTC product executive claimed that despite the prominence of the Beats brand, \"\"an accessory like the headphone doesn't factor in when someone is buying a smartphone.\"\" In 2011, Beats reached a deal with Chrysler LLC to feature Beats-branded audio systems in its vehicles. The first vehicle under the partnership was its 2012 Chrysler 300S luxury",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "928288",
"chunk_text": "\"Interscope Records\"\n2006, Dre and Iovine established Beats Electronics. Dre had been approached by his attorney to start a line of sneakers, and when he told Iovine about the idea, Iovine said: \"\"You know speakers, not sneakers.\"\" 'Beats by Dr. Dre Studio Headphones' were introduced in January 2008 at the annual Consumer Electronics Show. \"\"It took us two years to get them right, but when I heard I knew it was going to be big,\"\" Iovine said in 2010. \"\"It's just like listening to a hit record.\"\" The marketing for Beats integrated endorsements from Interscope artists including Gwen Stefani, M.I.A. and Pharrell,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085202",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nreference, but rather for playback. Beats Electronics Beats Electronics LLC (also known as Beats by Dr. Dre, or simply Beats by Dre) is a division of Apple Inc. that produces audio products. Headquartered in Culver City, California, the company was founded by music producer and rapper Dr. Dre and Interscope Records co-founder Jimmy Iovine. The subsidiary's product line is primarily focused on headphones and speakers that are durable and of excellent sound quality. The company's original product line was manufactured in partnership with the AV equipment company Monster Cable Products. Following the end of its contract with the company, Beats",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217741",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nBeats Electronics Beats Electronics LLC (also known as Beats by Dr. Dre, or simply Beats by Dre) is a division of Apple Inc. that produces audio products. Headquartered in Culver City, California, the company was founded by music producer and rapper Dr. Dre and Interscope Records co-founder Jimmy Iovine. The subsidiary's product line is primarily focused on headphones and speakers that are durable and of excellent sound quality. The company's original product line was manufactured in partnership with the AV equipment company Monster Cable Products. Following the end of its contract with the company, Beats took further development of its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217751",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nat inception. Chief executive of Beats at the time, Ian Rogers, said: We wanted to build a music service that combined the freedom of an on-demand subscription service—unlimited, uninterrupted streaming and downloads of tens of millions of songs – but layer on top features that would give you that feeling only music that moves you can give. The right song at the right time will give you a chill. Make you pull someone close. Nod your head. Sing in the mirror. Roll down the car window and crank the volume to the right. On May 8, 2014, the \"\"Financial Times\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12190778",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless network\"\nwireless network was developed under the brand ALOHAnet in 1969 at the University of Hawaii and became operational in June 1971. The first commercial wireless network was the WaveLAN product family, developed by NCR in 1986. Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) connect devices within a relatively small area, that is generally within a person's reach. For example, both Bluetooth radio and invisible infrared light provides a WPAN for interconnecting a headset to a laptop. ZigBee also supports WPAN applications. Wi-Fi PANs are becoming commonplace (2010) as equipment designers start to integrate Wi-Fi into a variety of consumer electronic devices. Intel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217750",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nfirst quarterly loss in company history. The appointment of a new chief operating officer (COO), a role previously filled by Wood, was announced in early November 2013. Matthew Costello, formerly of IKEA and HTC, was formally appointed into the role in May 2014. On January 21, 2014, the company launched Beats Music, a subscription-based online music streaming service. Prior to the launch of the service, Beats stated that it intends to provide a different type of streaming experience to what was available on the market at the time. Additionally, the service would only be available to consumers in the U.S.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217756",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nwas discontinued effective immediately with the launch of Apple Music on June 30, 2015. In July 2014, Bose Corporation sued Beats Electronics, alleging that its \"\"Studio\"\" line incorporated noise cancellation technology that infringed five patents held by the company. Bose has also sought an injunction which would ban the infringing products from being imported or sold in the United States. The lawsuit was settled out of court. Apple pulled all Bose products from its retail outlets, although it is unclear whether it was in response to the lawsuit, an ambush marketing conflict involving Beats and the NFL (which had recently",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17075744",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Music\"\nTrade Commission launched an investigation into this alleged cartel in May 2015. Apple Music was unveiled during Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 8, 2015, and launched on June 30, 2015. Concurrently with the public launch of Apple Music, Beats Music was immediately discontinued; users could migrate their Beats Music subscriptions, including their account, saved playlists, and songs, to Apple Music. Beats Music offered a library of over 20 million songs that could be streamed on-demand by users. Users could download songs for offline playback, which remained accessible for the period of their subscription. The service used a personalization system",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10842507",
"chunk_text": "Beatboxing\nparticularly the Roland TR-808. The term \"\"beatbox\"\" was used to refer to earlier Roland drum machines such as the TR-55 and CR-78 in the 1970s. They were followed by the TR-808, released in 1980, which became central to hip hop music and electronic dance music. It is the TR-808 that human beatboxing is largely modeled after. \"\"Human beatboxing\"\" in hip-hop originated in the 1980s. Its early pioneers include Doug E. Fresh, the self-proclaimed first \"\"human beatbox\"\"; Swifty, the first to implement the inhale sound technique; Buffy, who helped perfect many beatboxing techniques; and Wise, who contributed significantly to beat boxing's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17075741",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Music\"\nas a music curation team for the service, led by former Clear Channel Communications executive and KIIS-FM music director Julie Pilat. In August 2013, a landing page was discovered for Daisy under its final name, \"\"Beats Music\"\". The service was officially unveiled in January 2014, for a launch in the United States on January 21, 2014. In February 2014, Beats Music reached a licensing deal with the Merlin Network, a group representing a number of major independent record labels. While no financial details were disclosed, Beats did indicate that it would pay the labels at the same rates as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2836596",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Pill\"\nBeats Pill Beats Pill is a brand of portable Bluetooth speakers produced by Beats Electronics. The Pill was released in 2013. The devices include 3.5mm audio input and output jacks and charges over a Micro USB port. Serving as one of the company's first self-developed products after the end of its exclusive manufacturing deal with Monster Cable Products, the Beats Pill was designed by Robert Brunner's studio Ammunition Design Group, and carries a capsule-based design roughly in length. Its appearance is characterized by curved surfaces and a gloss finish. The speaker contains minimal controls; the logo serves as a multi-purpose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5482203",
"chunk_text": "\"Heart rate monitor\"\nconnect. Early models consisted of a monitoring box with a set of electrode leads which attached to the chest. The first wireless EKG heart rate monitor was invented in 1977 by Polar Electro as a training aid for the Finnish National Cross Country Ski team. As \"\"intensity training\"\" became a popular concept in athletic circles in the mid-80s, retail sales of wireless personal heart monitors started in 1983. Modern Heart rate monitors commonly use one of two different methods to detect heart rates. Both methods can provide the same basic heart rate data. The original technology is based on electrical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1156523",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless microphone\"\ntheatre performances and nightclub acts. Animal trainers at Marineland of the Pacific in California were wearing the $250 device for performances in 1961. The 27.12 MHz solid-state FM transmitter was capable of fitting into a shirt pocket. Said to be effective out to , it mounted a flexible dangling antenna and a detachable dynamic microphone. The tube-based receiver incorporated a carrying drawer for the transmitter and a small monitor loudspeaker with volume control. Another German equipment manufacturer, Beyerdynamic, claims that the first wireless microphone was invented by Hung C. Lin. Called the \"\"transistophone,\"\" it went into production in 1962. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12076899",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nhours of battery life It features Apple’s W1 chip for quick connection to apple devices running iOS 10 or later, MacOS Sierra or WatchOS 4, it also features pure adaptive noise cancelling technology which uses microphones on both inside and outside the ear cups to measure sound levels based on the environment and the users hairstyle or if there is any headgear or eyewear on the users head and automatically calibrates the noise cancelling and volume level accordingly. It comes in a wide range of colours, including black and blue. The company has also licensed the Beats brand, under the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217742",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nproducts in-house. In 2014, the company expanded into the online music market with the launch of its subscription-based streaming service, Beats Music. In 2011, NPD Group reported that Beats' market share was 64% in the U.S. for headphones priced higher than US$100, and the brand was valued at US$1 billion in September 2013. For a period, the company was majority-owned by Taiwanese smartphone maker HTC. The company reduced its stake to 25% in 2012, and sold its remaining stake back to the company in 2013. Concurrently, Carlyle Group replaced HTC as a minority shareholder, alongside Dr. Dre and Iovine in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14374878",
"chunk_text": "Wireless\nand headsets, headphones, radio receivers, satellite television, broadcast television and cordless telephones. Somewhat less common methods of achieving wireless communications include the use of other electromagnetic wireless technologies, such as light, magnetic, or electric fields or the use of sound. The term \"\"wireless\"\" has been used twice in communications history, with slightly different meaning. It was initially used from about 1890 for the first radio transmitting and receiving technology, as in \"\"wireless telegraphy\"\", until the new word \"\"radio\"\" replaced it around 1920. The term was revived in the 1980s and 1990s mainly to distinguish digital devices that communicate without wires,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12076907",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nvehicle, which included a 10-speaker \"\"Beats by Dr. Dre\"\" sound system. Beats audio systems have also been included in models from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles' other marques. Automobile brands that currently have Beats audio systems available in its vehicles are Dodge, Chrysler, Jeep, Fiat, and Volkswagen. On July 2, 2012, Beats announced it had acquired the online music service MOG, in a purchase reported to have been between $10 million to $16 million. Beats stated that the acquisition was part of the company's goal to develop a \"\"truly end-to-end music experience.\"\" The acquisition did not include the company's blog and advertising",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217747",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nbuilding something from scratch … Every time we put out an album, it was basically like building a new business--a unique cast of characters, unique challenges and opportunities, and trying to figure out a unique path to market. In October 2012, Beats unveiled its first two self-developed products, \"\"Beats Executive\"\" headphones and \"\"Beats Pill\"\" wireless speakers—Iovine believed that the company would now have to \"\"control [its] own destiny\"\" in order to continue its growth. Iovine also commented on how other headphone makers had attempted to emulate Beats' celebrity endorsement business model (including Monster themselves, who unveiled Earth, Wind and Fire",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13618439",
"chunk_text": "\"Bose headphones\"\nthe MIE2 design for Apple devices (including the iPhone, iPod, iMac, iPad). It incorporates an in-line remote control for volume, track up/down and access to select Apple voice applications. On November 1, 2010, Bose released its first wireless Bluetooth headset. Ambient noise sensing automatically adjusts the volume level based on background noise so that, in theory, the user should not have to adjust the volume when walking between quiet and noisy environments. Signal processing attempts to amplify the caller's voice and reject background noise, allowing the caller to be heard more clearly; however, in practice call quality is poor for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1156524",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless microphone\"\nfirst time that a wireless microphone was used to record sound during filming of a motion picture was allegedly on Rex Harrison in the 1964 film \"\"My Fair Lady\"\", through the efforts of Academy Award-winning Hollywood sound engineer George Groves. Wider dynamic range came with the introduction of the first compander wireless microphone, offered by Nady Systems in 1976. Todd Rundgren and The Rolling Stones were the first popular musicians to use these systems live in concert. Nady joined CBS, Sennheiser and Vega in 1996 to receive a joint Emmy Award for \"\"pioneering [the] development of the broadcast wireless microphone\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17075739",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Music\"\nMusic on June 30, 2015. Subscriptions were migrated to the new service. Beats Music was completely discontinued on November 30, 2015. On July 2, 2012, Beats announced it had acquired the online music service MOG, in a purchase reported to have been between $10 million to $16 million. Beats stated this the acquisition was part of the company's goal to develop a \"\"truly end-to-end music experience.\"\" The acquisition did not include the company's blog and advertising network, the MOG Music Network, which was sold in a separate transaction to the broadcasting company Townsquare Media in August 2012. MOG initially indicated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15237910",
"chunk_text": "\"Jaybird (company)\"\nto recoup production cost. After receiving positive feedback from the public, he founded JayBirdGear LLC in Salt Lake City, Utah in 2006. The company's first Bluetooth headset, the JB100 Freedom, was launched in late 2007. In 2014, Jaybird entered the fitness wearable market with \"\"Reign\"\", an activity tracker wristband that measures data such as number of steps taken, calories burned, hours slept, heart rate variability, and other health related metrics. That same year, the company was listed for the first time amongst the 5 top selling premium headphones along with Beats, Bose, Sennheiser, and Sony, according to market research company",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085197",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nname \"\"Beats Audio\"\" (rendered beats audio), and technology to other manufacturers. In 2009, HP began to offer personal computers equipped with \"\"Beats Audio\"\" systems, beginning with its HP Envy line. The system features a software equalizer with a preset that HP marketed as being optimized for higher quality sound output. Beats Electronics ceased its partnership with HP following its purchase by Apple Inc.; HP subsequently entered into a similar agreement with Bang & Olufsen. Following its acquisition of a stake in the company, most new HTC smartphones began to be released with Beats Audio software, beginning with the HTC Sensation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1156520",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless microphone\"\na wireless microphone to be worn by baseball umpires at major league games broadcast by NBC from Lawrence–Dumont Stadium in 1951. The transmitter was strapped to the umpire's back. Mac's brother was Harold M. McClelland, the chief communications architect of the U.S. Air Force. Shure Brothers claims that its \"\"Vagabond\"\" system from 1953 was the first \"\"wireless microphone system for performers.\"\" Its field of coverage was a circle of \"\"approximately 700 square feet,\"\" which corresponds to a line-of-sight distance of only from the receiver. In 1957, the German audio equipment manufacturer Sennheiser, at that time called Lab W, working with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7144317",
"chunk_text": "\"Beat frequency oscillator\"\nfitted to amateur radio station receivers, which often receive CW and SSB signals. The beat frequency oscillator was invented in 1901 by Canadian engineer Reginald Fessenden. What he called the \"\"heterodyne\"\" receiver was the first application of the heterodyne principle. In continuous wave (CW) radio transmission, also called radiotelegraphy or on-off keying and designated by the International Telecommunication Union as emission type A1A, information is transmitted by pulses of unmodulated radio carrier wave which spell out text messages in Morse code. The different length pulses of carrier, called \"\"dots\"\" and \"\"dashes\"\" or \"\"dits\"\" and \"\"dahs\"\", are produced by the operator",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8139149",
"chunk_text": "\"HTC Rezound\"\nHTC Rezound The HTC Rezound (previously codenamed HTC Vigor) is a smartphone by HTC and sold through Verizon. Along with the Galaxy Nexus and Droid RAZR, it was expected to be a major competitor to the iPhone 4S. It was released on November 14, 2011. It is also the first phone to use Beats Audio technology, and comes with a special pair of the Beats by Dr. Dre's iBeats earphones with black earpieces and red wiring. Before its initial release, the phone was rumored to be the replacement for the ThunderBolt, and even nicknamed the \"\"Thunderbolt 2\"\" in the enthusiast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4920840",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats (video game)\"\nBeats (video game) Beats is a rhythm-based video game for the Sony PlayStation Portable handheld gaming system. It was released in 2007 at the PlayStation Store. In addition to downloading music from the Internet, users may also use their own music to play along to in the My Music Challenge mode. \"\"Beats\"\" automatically loads the track titles and artist names of the songs it finds on the user's PSP. However, the game will only read up to 127 tracks for the user to choose from. There is as yet no explanation from Sony for this limitation, nor is it obvious",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4998857",
"chunk_text": "Headphones\nsimilar industries. Smaller earbud type earpieces, which plugged into the user's ear canal, were first developed for hearing aids. They became widely used with transistor radios, which commercially appeared in 1954 with the introduction of the Regency TR-1. The most popular audio device in history, the transistor radio changed listening habits, allowing people to listen to radio anywhere. The earbud uses either a moving iron driver or a piezoelectric crystal to produce sound. The 3.5 mm radio and phone connector, which is the most commonly used in portable application today, has been used at least since the Sony EFM-117J transistor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6434974",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Pill\"\nlonger battery life, a port for charging other USB devices, the ability to pair Pills together with near-field communication (NFC) to play the same audio either individually, or handling left and right stereo channels respectively, character stands, and a new, larger \"\"XL\"\" version. The Beats Pill+ was unveiled in October 2015, as the first revision to the product released under Apple Inc. ownership. The Pill+ is slightly larger than the previous model, and carries a refreshed design with top-mounted volume controls and a Beats logo button. The Pill's speaker hardware was redesigned to improve sound quality. The Pill+ uses Apple's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8139152",
"chunk_text": "\"HTC Rezound\"\ndirect replacement for the Rezound, this device was similarly styled and took its place as HTC's flagship offering for Verizon. The Rezound was discontinued shortly thereafter. HTC Rezound The HTC Rezound (previously codenamed HTC Vigor) is a smartphone by HTC and sold through Verizon. Along with the Galaxy Nexus and Droid RAZR, it was expected to be a major competitor to the iPhone 4S. It was released on November 14, 2011. It is also the first phone to use Beats Audio technology, and comes with a special pair of the Beats by Dr. Dre's iBeats earphones with black earpieces and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9217745",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nAugust 2010, mobile phone manufacturer HTC acquired a 50.1% majority share in Beats for US$309 million. The purchase was intended to allow HTC to compete with other cellphone makers by associating themselves with the Beats brand, as the purchase also granted HTC exclusive rights to manufacture smartphones with Beats-branded audio systems. Despite its majority acquisition, HTC allowed Beats to operate as an autonomous company. Luke Wood, President of Beats in May 2014, joined the company in January 2010, when the company was a \"\"licensing business\"\". Wood had previously worked under Iovine at Interscope Records. On January 19, 2012, \"\"BusinessWeek\"\" reported",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1156521",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless microphone\"\nthe German broadcaster Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR), exhibited a wireless microphone system. From 1958 the system was marketed through Telefunken under the name of Mikroport. The pocket-sized Mikroport incorporated a dynamic moving-coil cartridge microphone with a cardioid pickup pattern. It transmitted at 37 MHz with a specified range of . The first recorded patent for a wireless microphone was filed by Raymond A. Litke, an American electrical engineer with Educational Media Resources and San Jose State College, who invented a wireless microphone in 1957 to meet the multimedia needs for television, radio, and classroom instruction. His U.S. patent number 3134074 was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085201",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nApple Music in June 2015; the service also incorporates a Beats-branded online radio station, Beats 1. Some critics claim that Beats products emphasize appearance over quality and function, arguing that more durable and better-sounding products are available for the same price or lower. Tests done on an HTC smartphone with Beats Audio indicated that the audio technology is a combination of audio equalization that boosts the low (bass) and high ends of the audio range, audio compression, and audio amplification. On accusations that Beats' products were \"\"bass heavy\"\", Beats current president denies it, citing that their products are not for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5593381",
"chunk_text": "\"History of radio\"\na distance with or without the use of wires.\"\" Four months later, knowing that his invention had real value, he left Brazil for the United States with the intent of patenting the machine at the US Patent Office in Washington, DC. Having few resources, he had to rely on friends to push his project. Despite great difficulty, three patents were awarded: \"\"The Wave Transmitter\"\" (October 11, 1904), which is the precursor of today's radio transceiver; \"\"The Wireless Telephone\"\" and the \"\"Wireless Telegraph\"\", both dated November 22, 1904. The next advancement was the vacuum tube detector, invented by Westinghouse engineers. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1469943",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats 1\"\nstreamed at 64kbit/s and 256kbit/s, utilising HTTP Live Streaming protocol and the HE-AAC audio codec. Apple bought audio equipment maker Beats Electronics in 2014, which included the ownership of Beats' former music service Beats Music, and made Beats Music CEO Ian Rogers responsible for the iTunes Radio service. \"\"Business Insider\"\" later reported that Apple was planning to merge the two services. Apple also hired Zane Lowe as a music curator. The day of Beats 1's launch, \"\"The Guardian\"\" revealed that they had been given pre-recorded examples of Beats 1 programming, and said it \"\"suggests an eclectic mix of programming to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17075745",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Music\"\ncombining recommendations based on listening habits and algorithms with human curation and playlists from music professionals and publications such as \"\"Rolling Stone\"\", \"\"Rap Radar\"\", and \"\"Pitchfork\"\". Song searches prioritized the original, master recordings of songs over other versions (such as covers). A feature known as \"\"The Sentence\"\" allowed users to generate playlists by filling four blanks in a sentence with words describing various activities, moods, and genres. The basic subscription plan allowed access to the service on three devices for US$9.99 per month, or US$99.99 per year. Along with a web-based interface, apps were available for Android, iOS, and Windows",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "42607",
"chunk_text": "\"Bragi (company)\"\nUS$22 million investment from a group of American, European and Asian investors in November 2015. On September 5, 2016, Bragi introduced 'The Headphone' as its second hardware product, 2 days before the introduction of the Apple AirPods. The Headphone is a stripped-down version of The Dash: it is a wireless earbud that can stream audio from any Bluetooth device letting the user take or make phone calls, or access phone's digital assistant. Unlike The Dash, it lacks smart features such as fitness tracking, heart rate monitoring, gesture controls, and has no smartphone app. During the launch event, Bragi introduced the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1156522",
"chunk_text": "\"Wireless microphone\"\ngranted in May 1964. Two microphone types were made available for purchase in 1959: hand-held and lavalier. The main transmitter module was a cigar-sized device which weighed . Vega Electronics Corporation manufactured the design in 1959, producing it as a product called the Vega-Mike. The device was first used by the broadcast media at the 1960 Democratic and Republican National Conventions. It allowed television reporters to roam the floor of the convention to interview participants, including presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon. Introduced in 1958, the Sony CR-4 wireless microphone was being recommended as early as 1960 for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2974327",
"chunk_text": "\"Apple Music\"\nApple Music Apple Music is a music and video streaming service developed by Apple Inc. Users select music to stream to their device on-demand, or they can listen to existing, curated playlists. The service also includes the Internet radio station Beats 1, which broadcasts live to over 100 countries 24 hours a day. The service was announced on June 8, 2015, and launched on June 30, 2015 in over 100 countries worldwide. New subscribers get a three-month free trial period before the service becomes paid-only. Originally strictly a music service, Apple Music began expanding into video in 2016. Executive Jimmy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8354747",
"chunk_text": "\"Apple earbuds\"\n2016. After being delayed from its original launch date, AirPods became available for online purchase on December 13, 2016. The AirPods are wireless earbud-style headphones with microphone, dual accelerometers, IR sensors used to pause the music if they are not in a user's ears, and motion touch sensors that are used to activate Siri. With the absence of an audio jack in the iPhone 7, a wireless connection is one of only two remaining means to connect earphones to the device, the other being digital audio through the Lightning connector. They are advertised to have a battery life of five",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14474409",
"chunk_text": "\"Polar Electro\"\nheart rates during training, and the idea of a wireless, portable heart rate monitor was conceived on a cross country skiing track in Finland. Polar was founded in 1977, and filed its first patent for wireless heart rate measurement three years later. Its late founder Seppo Säynäjäkangas (1942–2018) was the inventor of the first wireless EKG heart rate monitor. In 1982, Polar launched the world's first wearable wire-free heart rate monitor, the Sport Tester PE 2000. Polar technology and devices are widely used in various scientific studies as well as being adopted by many university research departments. In part due",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085186",
"chunk_text": "\"Beats Electronics\"\nnamed Bose as one of its official sponsors, and thus fined a player for displaying the Beats logo during an official activity), or as a result of Apple's acquisition of Beats. However, two months later, Bose products returned to the shelves of Apple Stores. The companies settled in October 2014: details were not disclosed. In January 2015, Monster Inc. sued Beats for fraud, alleging that the company had used illicit tactics to force Monster out of the venture whilst retaining rights to the technologies and products that it had co-developed, and engaged in collusion to harm Monster's own audio products",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2315101",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Apple Inc.\"\nApple acquired Beats Electronics, producers of the popular Beats by Dre headphone and speaker range, as well as streaming service Beats Music. On September 9, 2014, Apple announced the Apple Watch, the first new product range since the departure of Steve Jobs. The product cannot function beyond basic features without being within Bluetooth or WiFi range to an iPhone, and contains basic applications (many acting as a remote for other devices, such as a music remote, or a control for an Apple TV) and fitness tracking. The Apple Watch received mixed reviews, with critics suggesting that whilst the device showed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658671",
"chunk_text": "Hearables\nand The Huffington Post. In early 2014 \"\"Bragi\"\" set up a crowdfunding campaign for \"\"The Dash\"\", claiming to realize the world’s first wireless performance tracking earbud which would eventually become the most successful crowd-sourcing campaign in Europe to date with a total revenue of roughly 3.3 million dollars. \"\"The Dash\"\", which according to public company announcements will reach start of production in autumn 2015, is projected to enable wearers to listen to music while tracking physical activity (speed, time, distance, cadence, elevation gain, etc.) and at the same time measure key data on body performance (heart rate, energy turnover, oxygen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_447
|
when did the first pair of yeezys come out?
|
n/a
|
[
"February 14, 2015"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69278",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nAdidas and Kanye West collaboration. In February 2015 the collaboration officially debuted. \"\"Yeezy Season 1\"\" had been highly anticipated and celebrities such as Rihanna, Diddy, and Kim Kardashian were at the showing. \"\"Yeezy Season 1\"\" officially released on October 29, 2015. This collection was noted for its stripped down, ready-to-wear style, which drew on military clothing and flesh-toned colors. Prices ranged from $600 sweatpants to $3,000 jackets. Although, the footwear sold out quickly, the apparel collection did not. West revealed in a 2018 interview that he was in talks with Louis Vuitton for a $30 million apparel deal. The deal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69277",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\noriginally designed a shoe for Adidas in 2006, but it was never released. The first brand to officially collaborate with Kanye West and have a shoe line was Nike. This collaboration lasted for five years and a total of three (was actually two silhouettes, Yeezy 1 and the Yeezy 2) sneaker styles were released. In 2013, after the release of the \"\"Red Octobers\"\" Kanye West left Nike. Kanye West wanted Nike to grant him royalties, but they denied his request. Kanye West reached out to Adidas and they agreed to give him royalties. A year after the confirmation of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20724735",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\nnext spring.\"\" The line was developed over the following four years – with multiple pieces teased by West himself – before the line was ultimately cancelled in 2009. In 2009, West collaborated with Nike to release his own shoe, the Air Yeezys, with a second version released in 2012. In January 2009, West introduced his first shoe line designed for Louis Vuitton during Paris Fashion Week. The line was released in summer 2009. West has additionally designed shoewear for Bape and Italian shoemaker Giuseppe Zanotti. In fall 2009 West moved to Rome and did an internship at Italian fashion brand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5207370",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nalmost equal input from Smith and West, a \"\"Black/Pink\"\" colorway (sometimes referred to as the \"\"Blink\"\" colorway) which was more the brainchild of Mark Smith and released on May 4th, 2009, and finally a \"\"Net\"\" colorway that reflected more of Kanye West’s design tastes and released on June 1, 2009. Each colorway had a suggested retail price of $215 and sold out almost immediately. Anticipation around the release if the Nike Air Yeezy 2 started after a Complex Magazine interview with Mark Smith and Kanye West about designing the Nike Air Yeezy, wherein Kanye stated that there were several designs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391598",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nNike announced the Air Yeezy II sneaker on May 29, 2012. Rapper Macklemore was also seen wearing the Nike Air Yeezy 2's during his performance in Times Square, New York on New Year's Eve. Macklemore was also seen throwing the rare sneaker into the crowd. Amid wide anticipation, the shoe was released with 5000 of each color way on June 9, 2012. While sold for a retail price of $245, the shoe gained notoriety for its wildly inflated resale value upwards of $4,000. The Air Yeezy II featured two premier color ways, Solar Red, Pure Platinum, and a third color",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19468612",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\nYork Times\"\", the \"\"International Herald Tribune\"\", Elleuk.com, \"\"The Daily Telegraph\"\", \"\"Harper's Bazaar\"\" and many others. On March 6, 2012, West premiered a second fashion line at Paris Fashion Week. The line's reception was markedly improved from the previous presentation, with a number of critics heralding West for his \"\"much improved\"\" sophomore effort. On December 3, 2013, Adidas officially confirmed a new shoe collaboration deal with West. After months of anticipation and rumors, West confirmed the release of the Adidas Yeezy Boosts. In 2015, West unveiled his Yeezy Season clothing line, premiering Season 1 in collaboration with Adidas early in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69281",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nFebruary 14, 2015, exclusively for those who confirmed a reservation through the Adidas mobile app. This initial release of the Adidas Yeezy Boost 750 \"\"Light Brown\"\" was limited to 9000 pairs to be available only in New York City via the Adidas smartphone app; the Adidas Yeezy Boosts were sold out within 10 minutes. Between February 21 and February 28 the Yeezy Boost 750 \"\"Light Brown\"\" was available through a wider range of retailers and boutiques. The shoe retailed for $350. On June 11, 2016, Yeezy Season 2 began with the second set of releases of the Yeezy Boost 750",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391599",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nway of the Air Yeezy II shoes, dubbed the \"\"Red Octobers\"\", which underwent a surprise release on February 9, 2014. The \"\"Red Octobers\"\" released exclusively on Nike's website, and sold out within seconds. Around the same time in 2009 that the Nike Air Yeezy was being released, so too was Kanye West’s collaboration with Louis Vuitton. The collaboration consisted of three models: the Louis Vuitton Don which was a low top sneaker named after West’s friend and tour manager Don C, the Louis Vuitton Jasper which was a high top named after Kanye’s barber Ibn Jasper, and finally, the Louis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69284",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\n2016, a revised version of the Pirate Black colorway was released. Revisions included additional support and padding to the heel. However, both iterations are relatively identical in appearance. All variants of the shoe retailed for $200. On August 27, 2016, the Yeezy Boost 350 re-released in infant sizes. The shoe was released in the \"\"Turtle Dove\"\" and \"\"Pirate Black\"\" color scheme. There have been no further releases or restocks of the sneaker. The Yeezy 950 was first released on October 29, 2015 at select retail stores and online. It was part of the Yeezy season 1 collection and came in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18111669",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\nyear. The line received positive critical reviews, with \"\"Vogue\"\" observing \"\"a protective toughness, a body-conscious severity that made the clothes more than a simple accessory.\"\" The release of the Yeezy Boosts and the full Adidas collaboration was showcased in New York City on February 12, 2015, with free streaming to 50 cinemas in 13 countries around the world. An initial release of the Adidas Yeezy Boosts was limited to 9000 pairs to be available only in New York City via the Adidas smartphone app; the Adidas Yeezy Boosts were sold out within 10 minutes. The shoes released worldwide on February",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69289",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nand retailers on June 24, 2017. The colorway featured prominent black stripes over a never before seen white overlay, prompting a surge of value and hype from the sneaker community. On April 29, 2017, a long-awaited model labeled as \"\"Cream White\"\" was released to the public. All shoe colorways have been released for a retail price of $220. Three new colorways of the Yeezy 350 V2 model have surfaced. A \"\"Semi-Frozen Yellow\"\" colorway featuring a bright yellow prime knit upper and unique \"\"gum soles\"\" released on November 18, 2017 in limited quantity. Additionally, a colorway with a strikingly familiar pattern",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15480654",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nAdidas Yeezy Adidas Yeezy Boost is the official collaboration sneaker by Kanye West and Adidas. The Adidas Yeezy 750 Boost \"\"Light Brown\"\" was the first sneaker to release from this collaboration on February 23, 2015. The second shoe to release was the Adidas Yeezy Boost 350 \"\"Turtle Dove\"\". \"\"Yeezy Season 1\"\" was the first apparel collection to release from this collaboration. It was officially released on October 29, 2015. The Adidas Yeezy 950 Boot was also part of this collection and it was released in four different colorways. The name \"\"Boost\"\" refers to a material used by Adidas. Kanye West",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391589",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nNike Air Yeezy The Nike Air Yeezy is an official sneaker collaboration project between Nike and Kanye West. Notable as the shoe brand's first non-athlete full collaboration, the project has released two editions: the \"\"Air Yeezy\"\" (2009) and the \"\"Air Yeezy II\"\" (2012 and 2014). The Nike Air Yeezy was developed from 2007 to 2009 by rapper Kanye West and Nike Creative Director Mark Smith. Kanye has spoken very highly of Smith as both a collaborator and designer, and Smith has said the same of Kanye, stating that he is \"\"a truly creative talent\"\" and a \"\"natural designer.\"\" The design",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19422885",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaker collecting\"\nthe sports world to design and market new shoe lines. One example is the Nike Air Yeezy, designed by rapper Kanye West and released in 2009, as well as the Nike Air Yeezy II, released in 2012. Skateboarding, since about 2005, has been a major player in the shoe collecting industry especially with the variety introduced with the Nike SB and Supra product lines. Jordan brands most popular models include the Jordan 1, 3, 4,11, and 13. The sneakerhead subculture originated in the United States during the late 1980s and had gone global by the end of the 1990s. Hardcore",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69287",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\na large stripe running around the outer side of the shoe with the characters \"\"SPLY-350\"\". The sole also has been updated to be transparent and features full-length visibility of the boost material midsole through a grid-pattern opening on the outsole. September 24, 2016, was the release date of the Yeezy Boost V2 \"\"Beluga\"\". It featured an all Grey outsole and primeknit, with a large colored orange stripe with the words \"\"SPLY-350\"\". On November 23, 2016, three new colorways released, \"\"Copper\"\", \"\"Green\"\", and \"\"Red\"\", featuring an all black outsole and primeknit, with a large colored stripe with the words \"\"SPLY-350\"\". A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15480662",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nthree different colorways: Peyote, Moonrock, Chocolate, and Pirate black. Each shoe was retailed at $585 USD. \"\"The Adidas Yeezy 950 extended the Kan and Adidas partnership outside of the sneaker space with its military duckboot inspired design.\"\" There have been no further releases of the sneaker. The Adidas Yeezy 350 Football Boost \"\"Turtle dove\"\" colorway was originally released on September 15, 2016. The Yeezy 350 cleat \"\"Turtle Dove\"\" is the first athletic footwear product from the Adidas and Yeezy collaboration. \"\"The shoe took the overall look and feel of the adidas Yeezy Boost 350 however they installed a Primeknit upper",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69292",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nof December for a retail price of $120 and a \"\"Core Black\"\" colorway releasing shortly after on March 17th 2018. The Adidas Yeezy Boost 700 is the official name for Kanye West's new Adidas Yeezy running shoe. It debuted during the Yeezy Season 5 fashion show in 2017. The shoe released on August 12, 2017 for $300 exclusively via the Yeezy Supply online store. Two colorways of white/gum and black are also expected to release in 2018. The shoe itself has faced large amounts of controversy due to its appearance. Desert Rat Colorway - This Adidas Yeezy 500 was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391591",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nthe very early prototypes, the shoe used LED lights implanted in the outsole, but after issues with low battery life and cost evaluation, production staff at Nike came to the conclusion that phosphorescent rubber would be used in place of the LED lights. While several color and wear test samples of the Nike Air Yeezy were made, some are more widely known and discussed than others. West wore an all black suede pair during his 2008 Grammy Awards performance of \"\"Stronger\"\" and \"\"Hey Mama.\"\" Up until after his performance, the public was unaware that a collaboration between Nike and Kanye",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391593",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nthe \"\"Fire Red\"\" Nike Air Yeezy, which was named for the bright red color on the midsole. This colorway was first worn by Kanye during his \"\"Glow in the Dark\"\" Tour and has been worn by the rapper several times since. According to industry rumors, this colorway was strongly considered for release alongside the other 3 release colorways, but was scrapped at the last minute. After the long sampling process, three colorways of the Nike Air Yeezy were chosen for public release; a \"\"Zen Grey\"\" colorway that released on April 4, 2009 and was the colorway that was created after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69288",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nCore Black/Core White colorway, dubbed \"\"Oreo\"\", was released December 17, 2016, which also featured a black outsole and prime knit, as well as a white stripe across the shoe. A notable adaption to the Yeezy Boost 350 V2 line was made when a black and red \"\"Bred\"\" colorway released February 11, 2017. The colorway possesses a \"\"triple black\"\" colorway, with the \"\"SPLY-350\"\" displayed in a red tint. Additionally, it officially became the first to opt out the prominent stripe on previous models. A \"\"Zebra\"\" colorway was released on February 25, 2017 and later restocked online and in various adidas stores",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69290",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nto the first release of the Yeezy 350 V2, dubbed the \"\"Beluga 2.0,\"\" released at various retailers in large quantity seven days after the \"\"Semi-Frozen Yellow\"\" on November 25, 2017. It subsequently restocked on the 30th of November. The third colorway, \"\"Blue Tint,\"\" was released the 16th of December. All colorways have opted to possess consistent prime knit patterns without a prominent stripe on the sides, however, the iconic \"\"SPLY-350\"\" will still be retained on all three pairs with prices being set at $220. Several other iterations of the shoe have been rumored to make its return in 2018; featuring",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69280",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nleft social media in 2017, a group name called YEEZY MAFIA started to leak and announce anything YEEZY months before official announcement, there has been some controversy around this group while some even thought that it was Kanye behind this account. On December 3, 2013, Adidas confirmed a new shoe collaboration deal with West. On February 8, 2015, the name and design for the Kanye West and Adidas collaboration shoe was revealed. On February 10 Adidas revealed posters of the Yeezy Boost 750 \"\"Light Brown\"\" all throughout their flagship stores. The Yeezy boost 750 \"\"Light Brown\"\" was initially released on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18761480",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nFebruary 14 only available to those who confirmed a reservation through the Adidas mobile app. On February 21 the Yeezy Boost 750 was available throughout a wider range of retailers than just adidas. The shoe retailed for $350. Colorways released include black, brown and two grey renditions of the model. On June 27 the second shoe from the collaboration, the Yeezy Boost 350 was made available through a worldwide release. The shoe retailed for $200. Nike Air Yeezy The Nike Air Yeezy is an official sneaker collaboration project between Nike and Kanye West. Notable as the shoe brand's first non-athlete",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2251607",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\nto rival other streaming services such as Spotify, which have been criticised for their low payout of royalties. \"\"The challenge is to get everyone to respect music again, to recognize its value\"\", stated Jay-Z on the release of Tidal. On June 6, 2016, West announced the Yeezy Season 2 Zine. The Adidas Yeezy Boost 750 sneakers were released to retailers the following week, on June 11. They are high-top shoes with a glow in the dark sole. In an interview with Vogue, he stated that there will be Yeezy stores, with the first located in California. In an interview with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391601",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nwith Adidas that offered him generous royalties based on product sales, which he stated that he took in order to \"\"support his family.\"\" Pictures surfaced on the internet in November 2014 allegedly showing Kanye and an unknown Adidas employee holding an early prototype of the collaboration. These pictures were not verified by West or Adidas. On February 8, 2015, the name and design for Kanye West and Adidas collaboration shoe was revealed. On February 10 Adidas revealed posters of the Yeezy Boost 750 all throughout their flagship stores. The Yeezy Boost 750 was released at those flagship stores only on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69293",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nin December 2017, as a pre-order with delivery slated for March 2018. It was only available in a Super Moon Yellow colorway, and only available in a bundle with a hoodie and sweat shorts. Blush Colorway - The Blush color way was the second Yeezy 500 release. It was worn by Kanye West during the NBA All Star Weekend in Los Angeles and sold through online raffle on 2 websites only. The official release of the shoe was scheduled for March 10, 2018, and a re-release on April 14, 2018. It was sold online, through retail, and raffle reservation. Adidas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19468615",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\n5 collection to favorable responses from critics. In May 2017, West, alongside wife Kim Kardashian, launched a clothing line for children titled \"\"Kids Supply\"\". A second collection was released in July 2017. In February, West tweeted \"\"\"\"Yeezy is no longer a fashion company we should be referred to as apparel or clothing or simply YEEZY.\"\" West's Yeezy shoe line is considered one of the most influential sneaker brands in the world. West founded the record label and production company GOOD Music in 2004, in conjunction with Sony BMG, shortly after releasing his debut album, \"\"The College Dropout\"\". John Legend, Common,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69291",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\none with a displaced \"\"SPLY-350\"\" and a dull grey primeknit pattern, a \"\"Sesame\"\" graphic featuring a gum sole similar to that of the \"\"Semi-Frozen Yellow\"\", and a \"\"Butter\"\" similar to the \"\"Cream White\"\" colorway are all rumored to release in the summer of 2018. All rumors are subject to change. The Adidas Powerphase \"\"Calabasas-350v2\"\" were released on March 28, 2017. \"\"The retro sneakers are an update of an Adidas trainer from the '80s. They feature a premium white leather upper with perforated striped, green Adidas branding and a red Trefoil logo.\"\" A tonal grey colorway released globally on the 9th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15480663",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nreinforced with SprintSkin sitting on a 5-star cleat frame.\"\" The cleat was designed for football and it had made its first appearance in a 2016 NFL kickoff game. Texans wide receiver DeAndre Hopkins was fined $6,000 for wearing the cleats because they broke the NFL uniform policy by not having a solid base color. The Yeezy Boost 350 V2 \"\"Beluga\"\" was revealed at the Yeezy Season 3 show and was released on September 24, 2016. It is considered a remake of the previous Yeezy Boost 350 and features several outer changes, such as a different pattern, removed heel tab, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69283",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nfurther releases of the sneaker. On June 27, 2015, the second shoe from the collaboration, the Yeezy Boost 350 was made available through a worldwide release. The shoe was first released in a white and grey \"\"Turtle Dove\"\" Color scheme. On August 22, 2015, an all-black version of the Yeezy Boost 350 released, known as the \"\"Pirate Black.\"\" An olivine variant, the \"\"Moonrock,\"\" was released exclusively to stores who were vendors for the Yeezy Season 1 clothing line. The fourth and final version of Season 1's 350 Boost was the \"\"Oxford Tan,\"\" which featured a light-brown color scheme. In early",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19328912",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Max\"\nfor example Hip Hop, Gabber and the working class. In the mid-1990s the line, especially the Air Max 95 model, experienced such a surge of popularity in Japan that it led to a phenomenon known as \"\"Air Max hunting\"\". The extremely inflated prices of the shoes led to a rash of muggings in the normally-peaceful country wherein Air Max wearers were attacked and their shoes were stolen. Even used shoes were in demand, and fakes also became a serious problem. Released in 1987 as the Air Max, the Air Max 1 is the first shoe to have Nike's air cushioning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391600",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nVuitton Hudson, a loafer named after Kanye West’s musical collaborator and G.O.O.D. Music artist Mr. Hudson. After being spotted wearing Bape apparel for years and even appearing in a few of their look-books, Bape offered Kanye West the opportunity to collaborate on their Bapesta model. The shoe was released in 2006 in very limited qualities and the design was inspired by Kanye West’s mascot, the Dropout Bear. Despite the popularity of the Nike Air Yeezy and Nike Air Yeezy 2 models, according to Kanye, Nike refused to give Kanye royalties on his product sales. Kanye responded by signing a deal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391597",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nbetter fit Kanye West’s foot. As with the original Nike Air Yeezy, several sample colorways were created, the most famous of which was the \"\"Kobe\"\" or \"\"Cheetah\"\" Nike Air Yeezy 2 sample which was based on a popular Christmas colorway of the Nike Kobe VII. Aside from the rumored three pairs in existence and the pictures of the aforementioned sample that spread through various sneaker media sources, very little is known about the sample. Following a series of high-profile teases of the shoe (including rapper Jay Z exclaiming \"\"Shoutout to my Yeezys, Yeezy 2s\"\" during a March 2012 SXSW performance),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20724739",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\n28, 2015, were limited to select boutique stores and the Adidas UK stores. He followed with Season 2 later that year at New York Fashion Week. On February 11, West premiered his Yeezy Season 3 clothing line at Madison Square Garden in conjunction with the previewing of his album \"\"The Life of Pablo\"\". In June 2016, Adidas announced a new long-term contract with Kanye West which sees the Yeezy line extend to a number of stores and enter sports performance products. The Yeezys will be seen in basketball, football, soccer, and more. In February 2017, West unveiled the Yeezy Season",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11553733",
"chunk_text": "Shoe\nUnited States Rubber Company was founded the same year and produced rubber-soled and heeled shoes under a variety of brand names, which were later consolidated in 1916 under the name, Keds. These shoes became known as, \"\"sneakers\"\", because the rubber sole allowed the wearer to sneak up on another person. In 1964, the founding of Nike by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman of the University of Oregon introduced many new improvements common in modern running shoes, such as rubber waffle soles, breathable nylon uppers, and cushioning in the mid-sole and heel. During the 1970s, the expertise of podiatrists also became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19391590",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Yeezy\"\nprocess for the Nike Air Yeezy was long and features dozens of sample colorways and silhouettes. Inspiration behind the line notably include the Air Tech Challenge II, Jordan III and IV. The early prototype of the Air Yeezy had many features that greatly differ from the release version of the shoe. For instance, the midsole and outsole featured what the shoe’s creators referred to as \"\"Death Star\"\" tooling, named for the large spherical shape on the back half of the midsole. The outsole also featured the \"\"Y-print\"\" that was used on the toebox of the three release versions. Also, on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19328911",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Max\"\nNike Air Max Nike Air Max is a line of shoes first released by Nike, Inc. in 1987. The shoe was originally designed by Tinker Hatfield, who started out working for Nike as an architect designing shops; he also designed many of the Air Jordan models. The Nike air technology was created and patented by employee M. Frank Rudy. The Nike Air Max shoe uses a large air cushioning unit at the heel which is visible from the side of the midsole in most models. Types of Air Max cushioning include: The line of sneakers is popular amongst many subcultures,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9485096",
"chunk_text": "Sneakers\nshoes, and are also called 'sneakers' in American English. The word \"\"sneaker\"\" is often attributed to American Henry Nelson McKinney who was an advertising agent for N. W. Ayer & Son. In 1917, he used the term because the rubber sole made the shoe stealthy. The word was already in use at least as early as 1887, as \"\"The\"\" \"\"Boston Journal\"\" made reference to \"\"sneakers\"\" as \"\"the name boys give to tennis shoes.\"\" The name \"\"sneakers\"\" originally referred to how quiet the rubber soles were on the ground, in contrast to noisy standard hard leather sole dress shoes. Someone wearing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11553683",
"chunk_text": "Shoe\nshoes protect against. Some shoes are worn as safety equipment, such as steel-soled boots which are required on construction sites. The earliest known shoes are sagebrush bark sandals dating from approximately 7000 or 8000 BC, found in the Fort Rock Cave in the US state of Oregon in 1938. The world's oldest leather shoe, made from a single piece of cowhide laced with a leather cord along seams at the front and back, was found in the Areni-1 cave complex in Armenia in 2008 and is believed to date to 3500 BC. Ötzi the Iceman's shoes, dating to 3300 BC,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "69279",
"chunk_text": "\"Adidas Yeezy\"\nwas not approved by the LVMH board and West was left with no clothing partners. After the \"\"Yeezy Season 1\"\" show, Adidas announced they would no longer be a part of Yeezy apparel. Instead, they will only be collaborating on footwear. With Yeezy Season 6, we are introduced to several articles of clothing with adidas branding. As of December, 2017, a total of 19 colorways and 6 designs have been released between the Adidas and Yeezy collaboration. Through a combination of factors including popularization by celebrities, Adidas Yeezy sneakers have come to be extremely influential and highly coveted. Since he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11774219",
"chunk_text": "\"Just for Kicks (2005 film)\"\nJust for Kicks (2005 film) Just for Kicks is a 2005 American documentary film about the sneaker phenomena and history. It includes self-confessed \"\"sneakerheads\"\" like Grandmaster Caz, Reverend Run, and Missy Elliott. It tells the story of the Nike Air Force Ones, which are called \"\"Uptowns\"\" in New York, and the beginning of Air Jordans. The documentary also tells the story of how hip-hop pioneers DJ Run, Jam Master Jay, and DMC had everyone wearing Adidas Superstars with their song \"\"My Adidas\"\". \"\"Just For Kicks\"\" premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 23, 2005. Image Entertainment released it on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17985250",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike Air Max\"\n\"\"Bo knows...\"\". Models include: The 1993 model was the first to have the fully visible heel Air unit that was visible in the back as well as on the sides, and the 1995 model was the first to feature visible forefoot Air. The 1997 model was the first to include a full length Air bag. Nike Air Max Nike Air Max is a line of shoes first released by Nike, Inc. in 1987. The shoe was originally designed by Tinker Hatfield, who started out working for Nike as an architect designing shops; he also designed many of the Air Jordan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7763954",
"chunk_text": "\"Nike, Inc.\"\nwith success in sport. Beginning in the 1980s, various items of Nike clothing became staples of mainstream American youth fashion, especially tracksuits, shell suits, baseball caps, Air Jordans, Air Force 1's, and Air Max running shoes with thick, air cushioned rubber soles and contrasting blue, yellow, green, white, or red trim. Limited edition sneakers and prototypes with a regional early release were known as Quickstrikes, and became highly desirable items for teenage members of the sneakerhead subculture. By the 1990s and 2000s, American and European teenagers associated with the preppy or popular clique began combining these sneakers, leggings, sweatpants, crop",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20724736",
"chunk_text": "\"Kanye West\"\nFendi where he gave ideas for the men's collection. In March 2011, West collaborated with M/M Paris for a series of silk scarves featuring artwork from \"\"My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy\"\". On October 1, 2011, Kanye West premiered his women's fashion label, DW Kanye West at Paris Fashion Week. He received support from DSquared2 duo Dean and Dan Caten, Olivier Theyskens, Jeremy Scott, Azzedine Alaïa, and the Olsen twins, who were also in attendance during his show. His debut fashion show received mixed-to-negative reviews, ranging from reserved observations by Style.com to excoriating commentary in \"\"The Wall Street Journal\"\", \"\"The New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10909725",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaker collecting\"\nSneaker collecting A sneakerhead is a person who collects, trades, or admires sneakers as a hobby. A sneakerhead may also be highly experienced in distinguishing between real and replica sneakers. Sneaker collecting is a hobby often manifested by the use and collection of shoes made for particular sports, particularly basketball and skateboarding. The birth of sneakerhead culture in the United States came in the 1980s and can be attributed to two major sources: basketball, specifically the emergence of Michael Jordan and his eponymous Air Jordan line of shoes released in 1985, and the growth of hip hop music. The boom",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13814059",
"chunk_text": "Yeezus\nincluding No I.D. and DJ Khaled. The first recordings were held in January 2013, in the living room of his personal loft at a Paris hotel, referred to in the album's credits as the \"\"No Name Hotel\"\". West kept compositions simple in order to hear the tracks more clearly; too much bass or complexity would simply overpower the room's poor acoustics. The beats emanating from the loft space, which sometimes lasted through the night, provoked complaints from neighbors. Reports emerged that he and his then-girlfriend Kim Kardashian had moved to the loft in order for West to begin work on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9485099",
"chunk_text": "Sneakers\nJ.W. Foster and Sons designed and produced the first shoes designed for running in 1895; the shoes were spiked to allow for greater traction and speed. The company sold its high-quality handmade running shoes to athletes around the world, eventually receiving a contract for the manufacture of running shoes for the British team in the 1924 Summer Olympics. Harold Abrahams and Eric Liddell won the 100-m and 400-m events, kitted out with Foster's running gear. This style of footwear also became prominent in America at the turn of the 20th century, where they were called 'sneakers'. In 1892, the U.S.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15031262",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Bowerman\"\n1966 that would ultimately be named \"\"Nike Cortez\"\" in 1968, which quickly became a top-seller and remains one of Nike's most iconic footwear designs. Bowerman designed several Nike shoes, but is best known for ruining his wife's waffle iron in 1970 or 1971, experimenting with the idea of using waffle-ironed rubber to create a new sole for footwear that would grip but be lightweight. Bowerman's design inspiration led to the introduction of the so-called \"\"Moon Shoe\"\" in 1972, so named because the waffle tread was said to resemble the footprints left by astronauts on the moon. Further refinement resulted in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14722330",
"chunk_text": "\"Reebok Pump\"\nHex Ride. In March 2014, Reebok collaborated with sneaker retailer Limited Edt to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the InstaPump Fury. In 2014, Reebok collaborated with various designers to release the 25th anniversary edition Pumps. Reebok Pump The Reebok Pump is a line of athletic shoes that was first released on November 24, 1989. It was the first shoe to have an internal inflation mechanism that regulated a unique fitting cushion in the lower and upper tongue to provide locking around the ankle. In 1988, Daniel Schettino and Design Continuum, an industrial design firm, partnered to design a shoe that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "161157",
"chunk_text": "\"Colchester Rubber Co.\"\nColchester Rubber Co. Colchester Rubber Co. was a footwear brand manufactured by the Colchester Rubber Company. Colchester Rubber Co. was a footwear brand manufactured by the Colchester Rubber Company. The original Colchester Rubber Company, founded in 1888 at Colchester, Connecticut, USA, has come to be known for being the world’s first sneaker brand and inventing the “World’s First Basketball Sneakers”, which were created circa 1892. Colchester Rubber Co. brand is also the predecessor of the footwear brands, Keds which was created 1916 and Pro-Keds which was created in 1949, as, after the United States Rubber Company acquired Colchester Rubber Company",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_448
|
who wrote the song be thankful for what you got?
|
n/a
|
[
"William DeVaughn"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229388",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nBe Thankful for What You Got \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" is a soul song written and first performed by William DeVaughn. DeVaughn wrote \"\"A Cadillac Don't Come Easy\"\", eventually re-written to become \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" in 1972, and spent $900 toward it under a development agreement, under which an artist will record a few initial demos or tracks where, if successfully approved, the company may reserve the right to extend the arrangement to Omega Sound, a Philadelphia production house, and release the song. Producers Frank Fioravanti and saxophonist, and MFSB session group member, John Davis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5829490",
"chunk_text": "\"William DeVaughn\"\nWilliam DeVaughn William Edward DeVaughn Jr. (born November 28, 1947, in Washington, D.C.) is an American R&B/soul singer, songwriter and guitarist, best known for the million-selling hit song \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" in 1974. DeVaughn was a salaried government employee as a drafting technician, and a part-time singer. He wrote a song called \"\"A Cadillac Don't Come Easy\"\", which was eventually re-written to become \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\", in 1972. He spent $900 towards getting it recorded with Omega Sound, a Philadelphia production house. The record's producer at Omega, John Davis (a member of the MFSB",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229389",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\ndecided to go for a strong groove with a smooth, almost jazzy arrangement, eventually booking time to record at Sigma Sound Studio in Philadelphia. The session featured members of the MFSB group — guitarist Norman Harris, drummer Earl Young, bassist Ron Baker, and vibist Vince Montana — secured by Allan Felder, who also developed the separate ad lib back-up chorus with his sister's vocal choir. Frank Fioravanti then secured the song's release on the Roxbury Records record label, run by producer-songwriter Wes Farrell. The record sold nearly two million copies on its release in spring of 1974, reaching #1 on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229390",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nthe U.S. R&B charts and #4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. With a sound and content influenced by Curtis Mayfield (and often erroneously attributed to him), its simple and encouraging lyrics hit home, to the extent that it became featured on gospel radio stations. The edited version, which is the first part of the song, became a hit. The other half of the song is a longer instrumental with the repeated chords and rhythm before the final chorus comes in. The song is seven minutes long and radio stations preferred the sung portions over the instrumental portions. The song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229392",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nshould dig my sun-roof top.\"\" The song was also referenced in the late guitarist Gabor Szabo's 1976 song, \"\"Keep Smiling,\"\" except the \"\"diamond in the back\"\" lyric was changed to \"\"digging the scene with a Philly lean,\"\" possibly referring to the song's co-author and producer (and Vaughn's Philadelphia International Records label-mate) Bunny Sigler. The B-Side of the single entitled \"\"Diamond in the Back\"\" was the same title adopted by Ludacris in 2004. In the song \"\"Still Fly\"\" by Big Tymers the last verse mentions an 'old-school Caddy with a diamond in the back' and imitates DeVaughn's higher tone. The song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229393",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nis referenced in the Rihanna song \"\"Shut Up and Drive (Rihanna song)\"\", with the phrase: \"\"I'm a fine-tuned super-sonic speed machine, with a sunroof top and a gangsta lean.\"\" The song was covered in 1974 by Arthur Lee and Love on their \"\"Reel to Real\"\" album; Reggae versions were done by Donovan Carless in 1974, Bunny Clarke (produced by Lee \"\"Scratch\"\" Perry) in 1975, and by Winston Curtis in 1984 (on World International Records); in 1991 by the British trip hop band Massive Attack on their album \"\"Blue Lines\"\", in 1993 by Portrait on the soundtrack album \"\"\"\", by Peter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11864229",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\ncover version, retitled \"\"Be Thankful for What You've Got\"\", was featured on their 1991 debut album \"\"Blue Lines\"\". A music video was produced for the song; however, it was not released as a stand-alone commercial single. Instead, a remix by Paul Oakenfold was also included on their 1992 single release \"\"Massive Attack EP\"\". \"\"Massive Attack EP\"\" track listing: Lawrence \"\"Lipbone\"\" Redding's cover version, \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\", appeared on his 2009 EP \"\"Lipbone Redding and the LipBone Orchestra: Science of Bootyism\"\", BePop Records. The EP contains two versions of the song. Be Thankful for What You Got \"\"Be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229391",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nis noted for its repeated line: \"\"Diamond in the back, sunroof top, diggin' the scene, with a gangsta lean\"\". DeVaughn would later remake the song on his second album \"\"Figures Can't Calculate\"\". The song is featured in the films \"\"Bug\"\" (2002), \"\"Be Cool\"\" (2005) and \"\"La Mission\"\" (2010). The song has been sampled several times, such as by N.W.A in \"\"Gangsta Gangsta\"\", Ludacris in \"\"Diamond in the Back\"\", Ice Cube in \"\"Stand Tall\"\", and Proper Dos in “Hard Time”. The song is referenced in the Parliament-Funkadelic song \"\"P. Funk (Wants to Get Funked Up)\"\", with the lyric: \"\"Gangster lean; Y'all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3229394",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\nBlakeley as the opening theme for the movie \"\"The Taking of Beverly Hills\"\", by Yo La Tengo on its 1997 \"\"Little Honda\"\" EP and by Lawrence \"\"Lipbone\"\" Redding on his 2009 \"\"Science of Bootyism\"\" album. The song has been covered by Rumer (musician) in her EP \"\"Love is the Answer\"\". Also covered by vibes player Craig Peyton for Profile Records 1983, electro sequencer arrangement. The song, titled \"\"Be Thankful\"\", was covered by Omar Lye-Fook featuring Erykah Badu on his 2001 album \"\"Best By Far\"\". The song was also covered by Cleveland Watkiss on \"\"Blessing in Disguise\"\" (Polydor 1991). Massive Attack's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1338608",
"chunk_text": "\"William DeVaughn discography\"\nWilliam DeVaughn discography American singer William DeVaughn has released three studio albums, including a record selling nearly two million copies on its release in spring 1974 (#1 within the R&B charts and #4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart). The track \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" first (1974) peaked at #31 in the UK Singles Chart and later (1980) at #44. Be Thankful for What You Got (1974) Figures Can't Calculate (1980) \"\"Creme De Creme (1980) Time Will Stand Still (2008) \"\"Staying Power\"\"(2014) \"\"Love In Any Language \"\"(2016) \"\"What Does It Take ( to win your love for me)\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14145238",
"chunk_text": "\"John Davis and the Monster Orchestra\"\ntopped at number 46. In 1990, a remix of \"\"(Feel The) Love Magic\"\" was released and it became a club hit again. In 1992, Davis wrote, produced and performed the \"\"Theme From Beverly Hills, 90210.\"\" Davis was a member of the MFSB studio session band during its hey-day in the late 1960s and early to mid-1970s, appearing on many Philadelphia International recordings. He was involved in producing and arranging the #1 R&B hit (#4 pop), \"\"Be Thankful For What You've Got\"\", a million-seller for William deVaughn in 1974. John Davis and the Monster Orchestra John Davis and the Monster Orchestra",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20454554",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Thanks with a Grateful Heart\"\nGive Thanks with a Grateful Heart \"\"Give Thanks With a Grateful Heart\"\" is an American Christian worship song written by Henry Smith in 1978. It is sung in F major with an irregular meter. \"\"Give Thanks With a Grateful Heart\"\" was written in 1978 by Henry Smith. The song was his only published worship song out of 300 unpublished compositions. It was written after Smith had trouble finding work after graduating from university. He also suffered from a degenerative condition that eventually left him legally blind. While at his church in Williamsburg, Virginia, his pastor inspired him with a reference",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9511434",
"chunk_text": "\"Chelsea Records\"\nChelsea Records Chelsea Records was an American-based record company founded by musician, songwriter, and record producer Wes Farrell in 1972. Within the company's first four months, it released its first gold single, \"\"Daddy Don't You Walk So Fast\"\" by Wayne Newton. In addition to Newton, Chelsea featured a number of new and established artists like Tommy Boyce, Jim Gilstrap, Lulu, and Rick Springfield. A sublabel, Roxbury Records, focused on the soul and R&B market and scored a million-selling hit with William DeVaughn's \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" in 1974. RCA Records originally handled distribution for Chelsea, but Farrell switched",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12032241",
"chunk_text": "\"Diamond in the Back\"\nof Ludacris' Disturbing the Peace label Shawnna, I-20 (rapper), Bobby V, Tity Boi, David Banner and the producer duo DJ Paul and Juicy J. \"\"Diamond in the Back\"\" peaked on the Billboard Hot 100 at #94. On the Hot Rap/R&B chart it reached #51. Lupe Fiasco has also freestyled over this instrumental. Diamond in the Back \"\"Diamond in the Back\"\" is the fifth and final single released from the album \"\"Chicken-n-Beer\"\" by Ludacris. It is based on William DeVaughn's \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" and samples it heavily in the southern chopped & screwed format. It is produced by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19223646",
"chunk_text": "\"William DeVaughn discography\"\n&\"\" I Gotta Dance To keep From Crying\"\"\"\" (2017) William DeVaughn discography American singer William DeVaughn has released three studio albums, including a record selling nearly two million copies on its release in spring 1974 (#1 within the R&B charts and #4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart). The track \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" first (1974) peaked at #31 in the UK Singles Chart and later (1980) at #44. Be Thankful for What You Got (1974) Figures Can't Calculate (1980) \"\"Creme De Creme (1980) Time Will Stand Still (2008) \"\"Staying Power\"\"(2014) \"\"Love In Any Language \"\"(2016) \"\"What Does",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20454555",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Thanks with a Grateful Heart\"\nto how Jesus made himself poor to make others rich through him. When Smith started performing the song in church, a visiting United States Military officer took the song to Europe, from where its popularity spread. In 1986, Integrity Music published the song on their Hosanna! Music audio cassette but credited it as \"\"author unknown\"\". Later that year, Don Moen released the song on his \"\"Give Thanks\"\" album. Smith contacted Integrity to inform them of his authorship and they said that they had been attempting to track him down. As a result, Smith signed a writer-publisher agreement with Integrity for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16317546",
"chunk_text": "\"Now Be Thankful\"\nNow Be Thankful \"\"Now Be Thankful\"\" is a 1970 single by Fairport Convention released by Island Records (WIP 6089, September 1970). The lyrics are by Dave Swarbrick and Richard Thompson Ch: Though apparently cheerful on the surface, the lyrics can also be taken as referring to the barbarity of life in Medieval times. The B-side \"\"Sir B. McKenzie's Daughter's Lament For The 77th Mounted Lancers Retreat From The Straits Of Loch Knombe, In The Year Of Our Lord 1727, On The Occasion Of The Announcement Of Her Marriage To The Laird Of Kinleakie\"\" is actually a medley of three songs:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20454556",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Thanks with a Grateful Heart\"\ndistribution rights to the song. The lyrics of \"\"Give Thanks With a Grateful Heart\"\" have been erroneously credited to Moen rather than Smith in some media reports. In the United States, the song was used by a Catholic news website to focus on returning a Christian focus to Thanksgiving celebrations. The song has also been cited by Christian authors to be used for thanksgiving and giving thanks to God. Give Thanks with a Grateful Heart \"\"Give Thanks With a Grateful Heart\"\" is an American Christian worship song written by Henry Smith in 1978. It is sung in F major with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4529636",
"chunk_text": "\"Thank God for You\"\nThank God for You \"\"Thank God For You\"\" is a song written by Mac McAnally and Mark Miller, and recorded by American country music group Sawyer Brown. It was released in June 1993 as the lead single from their album, \"\"Outskirts of Town\"\". The song reached number-one on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart and on the Canadian \"\"RPM\"\" Country Tracks chart. It also peaked at number 17 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. In this song the narrator gives thanks for all the things that he has taken for granted in his lifespan. \"\"\"\"I've got",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7641303",
"chunk_text": "\"Don Covay\"\nDon Covay Donald James Randolph (March 24, 1936 – January 31, 2015), better known by the stage name Don Covay, was an American R&B, rock and roll and soul singer and songwriter most active from the 1950s to the 1970s. His most successful recordings include \"\"Mercy, Mercy\"\" (1964), \"\"See-Saw\"\" (1965), and \"\"It's Better to Have (and Don't Need)\"\" (1974). He also wrote \"\"Pony Time\"\", a US number 1 hit for Chubby Checker, and \"\"Chain of Fools\"\", a Grammy-winning song for Aretha Franklin. He received a Pioneer Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation in 1994. Writing in the \"\"Washington Post\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4650739",
"chunk_text": "\"Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get\"\nWhatcha See Is Whatcha Get Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get is the debut studio album by American R&B group The Dramatics, released in 1971 via Volt Records and Stax Records. The album peaked at #20 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and #5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" R&B chart. Three singles were released from the album: \"\"Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get\"\", \"\"Get Up and Get Down\"\" and \"\"In the Rain\"\". \"\"Thankful for Your Love\"\" (originally appearing on the album as \"\"Thank You for Your Love\"\") was also issued as a promotional single. \"\"In the Rain\"\" was the most successful single from the album,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16317548",
"chunk_text": "\"Now Be Thankful\"\nof All Nations. Our People Pay Homage and Bow in Deep Respect and Gratitude to Her. The Milk of Human Kindness\"\". Now Be Thankful \"\"Now Be Thankful\"\" is a 1970 single by Fairport Convention released by Island Records (WIP 6089, September 1970). The lyrics are by Dave Swarbrick and Richard Thompson Ch: Though apparently cheerful on the surface, the lyrics can also be taken as referring to the barbarity of life in Medieval times. The B-side \"\"Sir B. McKenzie's Daughter's Lament For The 77th Mounted Lancers Retreat From The Straits Of Loch Knombe, In The Year Of Our Lord 1727,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1729327",
"chunk_text": "\"Don Covay\"\nof Washington, Thomas Randolph of the Bronx, and Leroy Randolph of Brooklyn; and five grandchildren. Don Covay Donald James Randolph (March 24, 1936 – January 31, 2015), better known by the stage name Don Covay, was an American R&B, rock and roll and soul singer and songwriter most active from the 1950s to the 1970s. His most successful recordings include \"\"Mercy, Mercy\"\" (1964), \"\"See-Saw\"\" (1965), and \"\"It's Better to Have (and Don't Need)\"\" (1974). He also wrote \"\"Pony Time\"\", a US number 1 hit for Chubby Checker, and \"\"Chain of Fools\"\", a Grammy-winning song for Aretha Franklin. He received a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20035811",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Thanks\"\nGive Thanks Give Thanks is a live contemporary Christian worship album recorded by American singer and songwriter, Don Moen. In February 1995, the album was certified gold with the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), in recognition of selling over 500,000 units. The album, produced by Tom Brooks and Hosanna! Music, became the label's bestselling release, with more than one million copies sold worldwide. \"\"Give Thanks\"\" was recorded during a live worship service at Covenant Church of Mobile, Alabama in July 1986. The recording featured worship leader, Don Moen, along with choir vocalists and members of the congregation. The focus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15775653",
"chunk_text": "\"Johnny Jolin\"\nJohnny Jolin Johnny Jolin (born October 17, 1964 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania) is a notable American country music artist best known as the frontman of the critically acclaimed Johnny Jolin Band, being the lead vocalist for Country/Folk group The Front Porch Country Band and in 2011 by his Top-Ten hit single \"\"Thank God.\"\" His career began after winning a talent search competition during his ten years of service in the U.S. Army. Before reaching “head-liner” status he spent his early days opening for many popular Nashville recordings artists of the 1990s including Confederate Railroad, Hank Williams III, David Lee Murphy, Ricochet,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17235237",
"chunk_text": "Pimpmobile\nbuilt the cars in \"\"Super Fly\"\", as well as the \"\"Corvorado\"\" and the Cadillac Fleetwood in the James Bond film. A pimpmobile was referenced in William DeVaughn's song \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\": \"\"Diamond in the back, sunroof top, diggin' the scene with a gangsta lean. Gangsta whitewalls, TV antennas in the back.\"\" Typically, a pimpmobile conversion includes such items as round headlight covers (commonly known as \"\"Superfly\"\" headlights), grille caps, a 1941 \"\"goddess\"\"-style hood ornament, \"\"lake pipes\"\", thick padded vinyl tops, wide whitewall tires (nicknamed \"\"Gangsta Walls\"\"), chrome hubcaps with spokes, custom-designed, high-end stereo systems, and shag or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1762276",
"chunk_text": "\"Diamond in the Back\"\nDiamond in the Back \"\"Diamond in the Back\"\" is the fifth and final single released from the album \"\"Chicken-n-Beer\"\" by Ludacris. It is based on William DeVaughn's \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" and samples it heavily in the southern chopped & screwed format. It is produced by DJ Paul & Juicy J of Three Six Mafia. This was Ludacris's first single to not hit the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100's Top 40 and the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks's Top 20. The music video is directed in Atlanta, and features cameo appearances by Lil Duval, Atlanta based comedian Shawty, members",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "952883",
"chunk_text": "\"Giving Thanks\"\nGiving Thanks Giving Thanks is an American Public Media radio special that airs nationwide on Thanksgiving Day. It is hosted by John Birge. The show consists of classical music, songs, and dramatic readings all related to Thanksgiving. Although the format remains the same, some individual features are always aired, notably, selections from Charles Laughton's 1962 album \"\"The Story Teller,\"\" about his experiences with Etienne Houvet and Alfred Manessier at Chartres Cathedral, as well as his reading from Jack Kerouac's \"\"The Dharma Bums\"\". Musical pieces regularly included are Handel's \"\"Largo\"\" from \"\"Xerxes\"\" and music from Aaron Copland's \"\"Appalachian Spring\"\". Although John",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13279649",
"chunk_text": "\"Coy Bowles\"\nCoy Bowles Coy Bowles is best known as a member of three-time Grammy Award-winning Zac Brown Band. He joined the Zac Brown Band in 2007, and plays guitar, slide guitar, Dobro, piano and organ. He also contributes as a songwriter, and has writing credits on the albums \"\"You Get What You Give\"\", \"\"Uncaged\"\" and \"\"Jekyll + Hyde\"\", including three No. 1 hit songs – \"\"Knee Deep\"\", \"\"Colder Weather\"\" and \"\"Sweet Annie\"\". Bowles started playing guitar at age 11, and by the time he was 13, he had a band called Betty Doom that played punk rock and rock-n-roll music at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7939315",
"chunk_text": "\"William DeVaughn\"\neffort, named after a new song by DeVaughn, \"\"Figures Can't Calculate\"\" to TEC Records in Philadelphia. The title song climbed to #37 in the Billboard R&B chart, and a remake of \"\"Be Thankful for What You Got\"\" was also included on the album. Soon after, DeVaughn recorded a Fioravanti-co-written tune, \"\"Creme de Creme,\"\" released on the Houston Connection Recording Corporation label in the U.S., Excaliber in the UK, and Red Bus in Europe. In 2004, DeVaughn released a new single, \"\"I Came Back\"\", on his own Mighty Two Diamond Records. In 2014, two previously unreleased DeVaughn tracks, \"\"Staying Power\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10993099",
"chunk_text": "\"Thank God I'm a Country Boy\"\nThank God I'm a Country Boy \"\"Thank God I'm a Country Boy\"\", also known as \"\"Country Boy\"\", is a song written by John Martin Sommers and recorded by American singer/songwriter John Denver. The song was originally included on Denver's 1974 album \"\"Back Home Again\"\". A version recorded live on August 26, 1974, at the Universal Amphitheatre in Los Angeles was included on his 1975 album \"\"An Evening with John Denver\"\". The live version was released as a single and went to No. 1 on both the \"\"Billboard magazine\"\" Hot Country Singles and \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 charts. The song topped both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13668072",
"chunk_text": "\"You Rascal You\"\nYou Rascal You \"\"You Rascal You\"\" is an American song written by Sam Theard in 1929, and legally titled \"\"I'll Be Glad When You're Dead.\"\" The lyrics take the form of threats and complaints leveled against a man who has repaid the singer's hospitality and kindness by running off with the singer's wife. It has been recorded by Clarence Willams, Mills Brothers, Louis Armstrong, Fats Waller, Louis Jordan, Jimmie Noone, Cab Calloway, Louis Prima, John Fogerty, Dr. John, Henry \"\"Rufe\"\" Johnson, Serge Gainsbourg alone and in a duet with Eddy Mitchell, Ingrid Michaelson, Taj Mahal, and Hanni El Khatib, whose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4452137",
"chunk_text": "\"Thank U\"\nThank U \"\"Thank U\"\" is a song by Canadian recording artist and songwriter Alanis Morissette, for her fourth studio album \"\"Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie\"\" (1998). The song was written by Alanis Morissette and Glen Ballard, who produced her previous album, \"\"Jagged Little Pill\"\" (1995). Morissette wrote the song after she came back from India. The song received generally positive reviews from music critics and also performed well in the record charts, becoming Morissette's fifth number-one single in Canada, reaching the top three in Iceland, New Zealand, and Norway, and peaking within the top ten in several other countries, including the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8765009",
"chunk_text": "\"That's What I Get for Lovin' You\"\nThat's What I Get for Lovin' You \"\"That's What I Get for Lovin' You\"\" is a song written by Kent Blazy and Neil Thrasher, and recorded by American country music group Diamond Rio. It was released in April 1996 as the second single from their album \"\"IV\"\". It peaked at number 4 in the United States, and number 19 in Canada. It was featured on the \"\"Greatest Hits, Volume 2\"\" collection in 2006. In this song, the narrator says how his love has turned him around and that the rewards of loving someone is \"\"a dream that is real\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "716399",
"chunk_text": "\"Once You've Had the Best\"\nOnce You've Had the Best \"\"Once You've Had the Best\"\" is a ballad written and originally recorded by Johnny Paycheck. It is best remembered for the rendition recorded by George Jones, who scored a #3 hit with it in late 1973. \"\"Once You've Had the Best\"\" originally appeared on Paycheck's 1973 album \"\"Mr. Lovemaker\"\". The Jones version, which contains a more optimistic tone, became the singer's second Top 5 solo hit with Epic Records. Paycheck's first big break came when he was hired as the bass player for Jones' backing band the Jones Boys in the mid 1960s before beginning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16034609",
"chunk_text": "\"You're Welcome (song)\"\nYou're Welcome (song) \"\"You're Welcome\"\" is a song written by Brian Wilson for American rock band the Beach Boys. It was released on July 24, 1967 as the B-side of the \"\"Heroes and Villains\"\" single. It later appeared as a bonus track on the compilations \"\"Smiley Smile/Wild Honey\"\" (1990) and \"\"The Smile Sessions\"\" (2011). Writer Bill Tobelman argues that the inspiration for \"\"You're Welcome\"\" may have derived from Brian Wilson's attempt to turn his band mate Al Jardine onto LSD while giving him a car ride, which was followed by Wilson circling the car around multiple times until he finally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16016138",
"chunk_text": "\"Andrew Scott Wills\"\nAndrew Scott Wills Andrew Scott Wills is a songwriter in Nashville, Tennessee. His first success came in 2010 when Country music artist Johnny Jolin recorded Wills' song \"\"Thank God\"\" reaching #6 on the Inspirational Country Music Association radio chart. In 2011, Country Music star Andy Griggs released \"\"Can I Get An Amen\"\" co-written with Wills and Chad Tyler. The song was singled to small market radio. In 2015, he tallied a Top-40 Billboard Country radio hit with \"\"Blue Bandana\"\" recorded by Jerrod Niemann. The single was co-written with CJ Solar and Ben Goldsmith. He later signed a worldwide publishing agreement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4752509",
"chunk_text": "\"Melvin Bliss\"\nMelvin Bliss Melvin McClelland (June 1, 1945-July 26, 2010) was a rhythm and blues singer known for his 1973 song \"\"Reward/Synthetic Substitution\"\", the B-Side of which was heavily sampled in at least 94 hip hop songs such as \"\"Real Niggaz Don't Die\"\" and Alwayz into Somethin' by N.W.A, O.G. Original Gangster by Ice-T, O.P.P. by Naughty by Nature and more recently \"\"My Life\"\" by 50 Cent, Eminem and Adam Levine. Born in 1945 in Chicago as Melvin McClelland, his career didn't begin with music; rather, in the Armed Forces. After spending a few years singing in Naval bands, he departed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10993102",
"chunk_text": "\"Thank God I'm a Country Boy\"\nmeasures and last three measures. Emotionally, this creates an intended slight stall. The instrumental breaks in the song incorporate a violin playing the old fiddle tune Sally Goodin, which is also referenced in the song's lyrics: \"\"I'd play Sally Goodin all day if I could...\"\" Thank God I'm a Country Boy \"\"Thank God I'm a Country Boy\"\", also known as \"\"Country Boy\"\", is a song written by John Martin Sommers and recorded by American singer/songwriter John Denver. The song was originally included on Denver's 1974 album \"\"Back Home Again\"\". A version recorded live on August 26, 1974, at the Universal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3930607",
"chunk_text": "\"The Payback (song)\"\nThe Payback (song) \"\"The Payback\"\" is a funk song by James Brown, the title track from his 1973 album of the same name. The song's lyrics, originally written by trombonist and bandleader Fred Wesley but heavily revised by Brown himself soon before it was recorded, concern the revenge he plans to take against a man who betrayed him. The song is notable for its spare, open arrangement and its use of wah-wah guitar – a relative rarity in Brown's previous funk recordings. Released as a two-part single (featuring a radio announcer at the beginning of part one) in February 1974,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10449054",
"chunk_text": "\"I Wanna Thank Ya\"\nI Wanna Thank Ya \"\"I Wanna Thank Ya\"\" is a song by American recording artist Angie Stone. It was produced by Jazze Pha for her third studio album \"\"Stone Love\"\" (2004) and features guest vocals from rapper Snoop Dogg. An uptempo R&B track with heavy funk and disco elements, it samples from Deodato's song \"\"Skatin'\"\" (1980), Joyce Sims's \"\"Come into My Life\"\" (1987), DeBarge's \"\"All This Love\"\" (1982) and The S.O.S. Band's \"\"Take Your Time (Do It Right)\"\" (1980). Released as the album's lead single, it became a top five hit in the Flemish portion of Belgium, while it reached",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2673438",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Haggins\"\n(Season 3, episodes 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 16; also season 4, episodes 2, 4, 5 and 9; and season 6, episode 11). \"\"Be Thankful\"\", from the same album, was used in season 5, episode 9, as well. His music has also been featured in 2011 Twentieth Century Fox movie \"\"Hall Pass\"\", the ABC primetime series \"\"Happy Endings\"\", MSNBC'S \"\"Wake Up With Al\"\", the Fox Television primetime series \"\"Raising Hope\"\", daytime and primetime television on The Weather Channel, and Los Angeles television station KTLA 5 Morning News. Michael Haggins Michael Haggins is an American bassist and songwriter. Haggins has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4141407",
"chunk_text": "\"Don Moen\"\nin addition to nine nominations for his songs. Moen also worked with Claire Cloninger, Paul Overstreet, Martin J. Nystrom, Randy Rothwell, Ron Kenoly, Bob Fitts, Debbye Graafsma, Paul Baloche, Tom Brooks, among many others. He worked with musicians, Justo Almario, Carl Albrecht, Abraham Laboriel, Alex Acuña, Paul Jackson, Jr., Lenny LeBlanc and Chris Graham. He was a catalyst in launching the careers of Paul Baloche, Darlene Zschech, Israel Houghton, and Hillsong United. Moen's first album for Hosanna! Music, \"\"Give Thanks\"\", became the label's bestseller. Produced by Tom Brooks, \"\"Give Thanks\"\" went on to be certified Gold by the RIAA. Moen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18477518",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Happy (song)\"\nBe Happy (song) \"\"Be Happy\"\" is the hit lead single by American R&B recording artist Mary J. Blige from her critically acclaimed second studio album, \"\"My Life\"\" (1994). Co-written and performed by the artist, the song was also written with Sean Combs, Arlene DelValle and J.C. Olivier. The song contains an instrumental sample of \"\"You're So Good To Me\"\" by musician Curtis Mayfield and a re-sung vocal portion of \"\"I Want You\"\" by Marvin Gaye. The song reached number 29 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming Blige's third single to reach the top forty of that chart, while reaching",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3369309",
"chunk_text": "\"Be Glad for the Song Has No Ending\"\nBe Glad for the Song Has No Ending Be Glad for the Song Has No Ending is the eighth album by the Scottish psychedelic folk group, the Incredible String Band, featuring Mike Heron, Robin Williamson, Licorice McKechnie and Rose Simpson. It is the soundtrack for a film of the same name, and was released on Island Records in March 1971, failing to chart in either the UK or US. It would be the first album from the band on the Island label, and the last to feature Joe Boyd as the producer. Recording of the album and soundtrack came during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11183882",
"chunk_text": "\"Johnny Jolin\"\nTwitter and his official website that he was \"\"retiring from playing music live as Johnny Jolin or in any other form\"\" upon the grounds that God had convicted him of pride. Johnny Jolin Johnny Jolin (born October 17, 1964 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania) is a notable American country music artist best known as the frontman of the critically acclaimed Johnny Jolin Band, being the lead vocalist for Country/Folk group The Front Porch Country Band and in 2011 by his Top-Ten hit single \"\"Thank God.\"\" His career began after winning a talent search competition during his ten years of service in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4650740",
"chunk_text": "\"Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get\"\npeaking at #5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1972. \"\"Get Up and Get Down\"\" was featured in \"\"Dead Presidents.\"\" Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get is the debut studio album by American R&B group The Dramatics, released in 1971 via Volt Records and Stax Records. The album peaked at #20 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and #5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" R&B chart. Three singles were released from the album: \"\"Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get\"\", \"\"Get Up and Get Down\"\" and \"\"In the Rain\"\". \"\"Thankful for Your Love\"\" (originally appearing on the album as \"\"Thank You for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18189087",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Blakeley\"\nUS owned by Prince and included members of the New Power Generation on some of the tracks. The record was produced by Jeff Aldrich, David Z and Andrew Gold. David Z at that time had recently had major chart success with his production of The Fine Young Cannibals song \"\"She Drives Me Crazy\"\". One of the songs from the album \"\"Be Thankful for What You've Got\"\" was used in the opening sequence of the film \"\"The Taking of Beverly Hills\"\", the two singles released from the album were \"\"I've Been Lonely\"\" and \"\"God's Little Elvis\"\". Peter Blakeley Peter Blakeley is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20035816",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Thanks\"\nwhich provides online access of worship song lyrics, sound samples and download of lead sheets, chord sheets, and SATB hymn sheets. It is listed as the #1 top Songs With The Greatest Gain; #1 Top Songs New To The List; and #42 in Top 100 CCLI Songs This Period (ending August 24, 2011). The song also been included in 11 known hymn books. Give Thanks Give Thanks is a live contemporary Christian worship album recorded by American singer and songwriter, Don Moen. In February 1995, the album was certified gold with the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), in recognition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9306914",
"chunk_text": "\"Coy Bowles\"\nbefore he joined Zac Brown Band. Coy Bowles and the Fellowship continue to play in the Atlanta area when he is not on the road with Zac Brown Band. Coy Bowles Coy Bowles is best known as a member of three-time Grammy Award-winning Zac Brown Band. He joined the Zac Brown Band in 2007, and plays guitar, slide guitar, Dobro, piano and organ. He also contributes as a songwriter, and has writing credits on the albums \"\"You Get What You Give\"\", \"\"Uncaged\"\" and \"\"Jekyll + Hyde\"\", including three No. 1 hit songs – \"\"Knee Deep\"\", \"\"Colder Weather\"\" and \"\"Sweet Annie\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_449
|
where did they film the show the crossing?
|
n/a
|
[
"British Columbia, Canada"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12536250",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (TV series)\"\na threat. Set in the fictional town of Port Canaan, Oregon and in Seattle, the series was filmed in coastal areas of British Columbia and in the city of Vancouver in 2017. The beach where the refugees arrive is near Ucluelet on Vancouver Island while the sheriff's office and some other locations were filmed in and around the village of Britannia Beach, north of Vancouver. The Oceanic Plaza in Vancouver was the setting for the Seattle offices of the show's Homeland Security and other scenes were filmed in and around the city. Additional shooting locations in BC were in Steveston,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12536251",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (TV series)\"\nBritish Columbia and in New Westminster. The first camp footage was filmed at Camp McLean. Filming in Vancouver started in July and wrapped in late-November 2017. On May 11, 2018, ABC canceled the show after one season. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 69% based on 16 reviews, with an average rating of 6.1/10. Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 59 out of 100 based on 12 critics, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". The Crossing (TV series) The Crossing is an American science fiction thriller series that aired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12536249",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (TV series)\"\nThe Crossing (TV series) The Crossing is an American science fiction thriller series that aired on ABC. The series debuted on April 2, 2018, and aired its final episode on June 9, 2018 On March 19, 2018, ABC released the pilot episode on their website. The series was filmed in British Columbia, Canada. On May 11, 2018, ABC cancelled the show after one season. Refugees fleeing a war seek asylum in an American town—but they claim to be from America, 180 years in the future. Moreover, at least one of the refugees exhibits apparently superhuman powers that may make her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15495236",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing Lines\"\nseries, having previously produced miniseries, as well as its first project since being acquired by StudioCanal in 2012. The first season was filmed in Paris, Nice and Prague, with filming ending in February 2013. Locations in Prague were used for parts of Paris, Italy, the Netherlands, Berlin and Vienna. Audio post-production was done by SoundSquare in Prague while video post-production work was done by Universal Production Partners. Approximately €10 million was spent in the Czech Republic on the production of the first season. Bernero said that the show would \"\"feel familiar and help viewers find their orientation, but the European",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15506276",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (1990 film)\"\nThe Crossing (1990 film) The Crossing is a 1990 Australian romantic drama film directed by George Ogilvie, and starring Russell Crowe, Robert Mammone and Danielle Spencer. The film was shot in the towns of Junee and Condobolin in New South Wales, Australia. The film was released in Australia on 18 October 1990. The film is set in a small country town in the 1960s. Sam returns home from being away for 18 months to discover his former girlfriend, Meg, has moved on with their common friend, Johnny. An album produced by Martin Armiger was released in 1990 in Australia and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15506278",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (1990 film)\"\nbox office in Australia. The Crossing (1990 film) The Crossing is a 1990 Australian romantic drama film directed by George Ogilvie, and starring Russell Crowe, Robert Mammone and Danielle Spencer. The film was shot in the towns of Junee and Condobolin in New South Wales, Australia. The film was released in Australia on 18 October 1990. The film is set in a small country town in the 1960s. Sam returns home from being away for 18 months to discover his former girlfriend, Meg, has moved on with their common friend, Johnny. An album produced by Martin Armiger was released in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10625990",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2014 film)\"\nHui-ling, who had scripted films for Taiwanese director Ang Lee, such as \"\"Eat Drink Man Woman\"\" (1994), \"\"Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon\"\" (2000) and \"\"Lust, Caution\"\" (2007). A new script written by John Woo, and Taiwanese filmmakers Su Chao-pin and Chen Ching-hui was described as \"\"considerably altered\"\". The filming began on \"\"The Crossing\"\" on July 6, 2013 in Beijing. Other shooting locations included Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Taiwan and Tianjin. The film was released in stereoscopic 3D. On September 9, 2014, Beijing Galloping Horse announced that the film would be released in two parts with the first part set to release in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12956124",
"chunk_text": "\"Covington Cross\"\nIn addition, on several occasions the show's airing timeslot was bought by businessman Ross Perot for infomercials in an attempt to raise his poll numbers during his independent run for president. According to a \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" article, it was \"\"one of the few American prime-time shows ever to be shot entirely on location in England\"\", with much of the filming was done in and around castles in the English countryside. Allington Castle was used for the exterior scenes, while Penshurst Place in Kent were used for the interior scenes. The village set was filmed at Shepperton Studios, and it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7668167",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing the Bridge\"\nCrossing the Bridge Crossing the Bridge is a 1992 American drama film starring Josh Charles, Stephen Baldwin and Jason Gedrick. Characters Mort Golden (Josh Charles), Tim Reese (Jason Gedrick) and Danny Morgan (Stephen Baldwin) are friends who embark on a dangerous drug-smuggling venture. The film was created by Mike Binder and loosely based on Binders' friends during the late 1970s in the Detroit/Birmingham, MI area. Much of the plot concerns the three friends driving into Canada as couriers in a drug deal. When returning to the United States at the Ambassador Bridge crossing between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, the protagonists",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17240437",
"chunk_text": "\"The Path (TV series)\"\nwith influences from kibbutz living, collective farming, and production designer Russell Barnes's experiences being raised on an island with limited resources. The two-story Lane home was built on a sound-stage. Almost all of the Peru scenes were shot in the area, including a New York state park used for a mountaintop scene with subtropical plants concealing uncleared snow. The City Center is \"\"played\"\" by the Church House of the Flatbush Reformed Dutch Church Complex. The New Brunswick scenes in \"\"Mercy\"\" were filmed in Greenport, Long Island. Jean-Paul's palatial home and estate in \"\"The Gardens of Giverny\"\" were \"\"played\"\" by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7150295",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (play)\"\nand has to get his asylum permit renewed every six months in Cape Town, forcing him to move there to no longer be an inconvenience to Margaret. In Cape Town, he makes and sells the wire dolls that he has been crafting on stage. He finishes by telling the audiences that his journey has made him strong and brave and that it has allowed him to appreciate his own intelligence. The Journey premiered at The Garage Theatre, a 30-seat house in Bo Petersen's garage in Hout Bay, Cape Town, on November 5, 2006. Jonathan Nkala played himself with Petersen as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7150285",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (play)\"\nThe Crossing (play) The Crossing is a 2006 South African one-man play by Jonathan Nkala. The play documents the struggles Nkala had while illegally immigrating from his birth city of Kwekwe, Zimbabwe to Cape Town, South Africa from 2002 to 2006. The original production, titled \"\"The Journey\"\", opened November 5 2006 at the Garage Theatre, a 30-seat house in Hout Bay, Cape Town and was directed by Bo Petersen and starred Nkala. The title was changed in July 2008 after Nkala showed the production to his friends who suggested he make the switch. From 2006-2009 the production was staged by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19583199",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing South\"\nCrossing South Crossing South is a travel show, television production that was created by Centurion5. The program explores Tijuana and Northern Baja, demystifying the often-maligned region. Bilingual travel companion and host Jorge Meraz takes you on a journey where the viewer gets to know the people, vernacular, foods, customs and places frequented by the locals. The program has been airing since 2011 on the PBS affiliate in San Diego, KPBS, but it has also aired in 13 cities across the US and has been green light for distribution through participating PBS stations throughout the US on the NETA and CREATE",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7992167",
"chunk_text": "\"Moore's Crossing Historic District\"\nbridge. The bridge at Moore's Crossing was registered as a Historic Landmark in 1980 by the Texas Historical Commission. The community itself was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 16, 1996. Warner Bros. Television used the Moore's Crossing Bridge and the park beneath it as a location for season 2 of \"\"The Leftovers\"\", which airs on HBO. Production at the location occurred between April and October 2015. Moore's Crossing Historic District Moore's Crossing Historic District is a community located in rural Travis County nine miles southeast of Austin, Texas near the Austin–Bergstrom International Airport. The location",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1615294",
"chunk_text": "\"The Bridge (2013 TV series)\"\nsit well with Cross, who has undiagnosed Asperger's syndrome or a similar autism spectrum disorder and a by-the-book attitude when it comes to the job. But the two put their differences aside to solve a string of murders on the border, which is already infected with issues that include illegal immigration, drug trafficking, violence and prostitution. Their investigation is complicated by the rampant corruption and general apathy among the Mexican authorities and the violence of the powerful borderland drug cartels. The show title refers to the Bridge of the Americas that serves as a border crossing between El Paso, Texas,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14027958",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (band)\"\nThe Crossing (band) The Crossing are an American Christian music Celtic folk rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1984. They have released seven studio albums, \"\"Look Both Ways\"\" (1988), \"\"Rise and Go\"\" (1990), \"\"Dancing at the Crossroads\"\" (1993), \"\"Dochas: Hope\"\" (1996), \"\"The Court of a King: A Celtic Christmas Celebration\"\" (1998), \"\"Standing Stones\"\" (2002), and \"\"Baile (Home)\"\" (2010). They released these albums with Grrr Records. The Crossing formed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1984, playing their brand of Christian themed Celtic folk rock music. They have two past members, Mike Baznik, who was their acoustic pianist, electric bassist, singer, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3714681",
"chunk_text": "\"The Bridge (2006 documentary film)\"\nThe Bridge (2006 documentary film) The Bridge is a 2006 British-American documentary film by Eric Steel spanning one year of filming at the famed Golden Gate Bridge which crosses the Golden Gate entrance to San Francisco Bay, connecting the city of San Francisco, California to the Marin Headlands of Marin County, in 2004. The film captured a number of suicides, and featured interviews with family and friends of some of the identified people who had thrown themselves from the bridge that year. The film was inspired by a 2003 article titled \"\"Jumpers,\"\" written by Tad Friend for \"\"The New Yorker\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15576731",
"chunk_text": "\"Kill Switch (The X-Files)\"\nher. According to Spotnitz, \"\"Kill Switch\"\" was the most expensive episode that the show produced during its original run in Vancouver, and it took a total of 22 days to film. The episode's bridge scenes were filmed at the Westham Island Bridge, which spans Canoe Pass, British Columbia. The location had been discovered by Carter during a technical survey for the prior fifth season episode \"\"Schizogeny\"\". Because the bridge was the only way to access part of the Fraser River community, filming was heavily regulated, and because of this, permission to film the scene in which Esther throws the laptop",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20016798",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2010 film)\"\nThe Crossing (2010 film) The Crossing () is a 2010 Turkish drama film directed by Selim Demirdelen, which is about a devoted family man who comes home from work one day to find his house deserted. The film went on general release across Turkey on and was selected for several festivals, including the 47th Antalya \"\"Golden Orange\"\" International Film Festival and the 17th Adana \"\"Golden Boll\"\" International Film Festival, where it won several awards. Güven works at an accounting firm and leads an ordinary life. He is happily married and has a daughter that he loves more than anything. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12627448",
"chunk_text": "\"The Bridge (2011 TV series)\"\nUSJuárez, Mexico; the bridge being the Bridge of the Americas. The series starred Diane Kruger as U.S. Detective Sonya Cross. \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" announced in February 2013 that FX had picked up the drama series for a 13-episode order and filming began in April. The 13-episode series aired between 10 July 2013 and 2 October. FX ordered a second series in September 2013, which aired in 2014. FX cancelled further series of \"\"The Bridge\"\". The Russian series is set between Narva and Ivangorod; the bridge being the road crossing at Narva. Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė plays the Estonian detective Inga Vermaa. The NTV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8984483",
"chunk_text": "\"Swans Crossing\"\nwhich it never was; leaving a lot of questions unanswered and a lot of viewers confused and disappointed. The series, which was created by Ned Kandel and Mardee Kravit, was taped at Kaufman Astoria Studios in Queens, home of \"\"Sesame Street\"\" and \"\"The Cosby Show\"\". In July 2015, executive producer Ned Kandel announced on the show's Facebook fan listing, that the series would be available for streaming soon. On December 4, 2015, both ShoutFactoryTV and Hulu made available for streaming all 65 episodes of the series. As of September 2016, Hulu has removed the series from its streaming library though",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7022231",
"chunk_text": "\"The Cassandra Crossing\"\nor quarantine. In Geneva, both Stradner and MacKenzie depart: she keeps hope of survivors while he feels quiet guilt over the whole affair. After they leave, Major Stack informs MacKenzie's superior that both the colonel and the doctor are under surveillance. As appearing in \"\"The Cassandra Crossing\"\", (main roles and screen credits identified): The Cinecittà studios in Rome were chosen for interiors, with French and Swiss locales providing most of the location footage. The steel arch bridge depicted in the film is actually the Garabit Viaduct in southern France, built from 1880 to 1884 by Gustave Eiffel, who later constructed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7466654",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2000 film)\"\nThe Crossing (2000 film) The Crossing is a 2000 American made-for-television historical film about George Washington crossing the Delaware River and the Battle of Trenton, directed by Robert Harmon. Based on the novel of the same name by Howard Fast, it stars Jeff Daniels as George Washington. Also appearing in the film are Roger Rees as Hugh Mercer, Sebastian Roche as John Glover and Steven McCarthy as Alexander Hamilton. The film opens with the retreat of the Continental Army across New Jersey during the American Revolutionary War, after repeated losses and defeats during the campaign of 1776. After the army",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7595547",
"chunk_text": "\"King's Crossing\"\nKing's Crossing King's Crossing is an American nighttime soap opera which aired on ABC from January 16, 1982 to February 27, 1982 on Saturday Night at 8:00pm for seven episodes. Its roots can be found in the 1980 drama \"\"Secrets of Midland Heights\"\", which aired on CBS for eight episodes. When that show was canceled, Lorimar Productions announced it would return in a retooled format; \"\"King's Crossing\"\" was a completely different show, but employed several actors (including Doran Clark, Linda Hamilton, Marilyn Jones, and Daniel Zippi) who had also appeared in the earlier drama. The show centered on the Hollister",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13205161",
"chunk_text": "\"No Country for Old Men (film)\"\nborder crossing bridge was actually a freeway overpass in Las Vegas, with a border checkpoint set built at the intersection of Interstate 25 and New Mexico State Highway 65. The Mexican town square was filmed in Piedras Negras, Coahuila. In advance of shooting, cinematographer Roger Deakins saw that \"\"the big challenge\"\" of his ninth collaboration with the Coen brothers was \"\"making it very realistic, to match the story... I'm imagining doing it very edgy and dark, and quite sparse. Not so stylized.\"\" \"\"Everything's storyboarded before we start shooting,\"\" Deakins said in \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\". \"\"In \"\"No Country\"\", there's maybe only a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1748749",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing Over (film)\"\nAngeles Police Department. The LAPD arrests Farid for two counts of murder and Hamid as an accessory to two murders after the fact. \"\"Crossing Over\"\" was filmed on location in Los Angeles in 2007. The film originally featured a scene in which an Iranian is murdered by her brother in an honor killing. Following complaints that the plotline was unrealistic and offensive, the killing was presented as an intended beating-up which got out of hand, removing the dialogue referring to \"\"honor\"\" and \"\"family honor\"\". Additionally, Sean Penn filmed scenes as an immigration cop. However, his scenes were cut due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "95349",
"chunk_text": "\"Border Security: Canada's Front Line\"\nPrivacy Commissioner ruling prompted the CBSA to end its participation in the series at the end of Season 3. CBSA spokesperson Esme Bailey announced the series would not return for a fourth season. However, the show has continued to air in repeats. Most of the episodes in seasons 1 and 2 were filmed at Vancouver International Airport, the land crossings at BC 99 (Peace Arch) and BC 15 (Pacific Highway), and marine points of entry in British Columbia. Portions of season 2 were also filmed at Toronto Pearson International Airport and the Peace Bridge (QEW). In Season 3, the number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20506675",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing Church (Minnesota)\"\ncalled The Friendly Buffalo in Big Lake, Minnesota. The church made local news when it gave away four pairs of Vikings season tickets on the opening weekend of its series \"\"First & Goal.\"\" 2011 - The Grand Opening of The Crossing's third satellite location occurred in January 2011, when worshippers gathered in January at the Princeton Party House in Princeton, Minnesota. In April, The Crossing made local news again when it gave away 3D televisions and Nintendo 3DS video game systems to new visitors on Easter weekend. 6,000 people attended 11 services at four campuses, followed by nearly 900 professions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15506277",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (1990 film)\"\nEurope. \"\"King of the Road\"\" was released as the first single, and made the top ten in UK and Germany. A video for \"\"Nature Boy\"\" performed by Kate Ceberano was also created to promote the album. Ranald Allan's script had been around for a number of years before being picked up by producer Sue Seeary, who managed to get the film up at Beyond International Group. It was their first feature film. Beyond's head of production, Al Clark did commission some re-writing. Production took place in an around Junee in November and December 1989. \"\"The Crossing\"\" grossed A$87,392 at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7792852",
"chunk_text": "\"Crashing (U.S. TV series)\"\nthe second episode had been shot, and noted filming for the first season was due to finish a week later. \"\"The Baptism\"\", the finale of the first season, contains scenes filmed at the Sands Point Preserve in Sands Point, New York on Long Island, on June 27. On March 15, 2017, after four episodes had aired, Gravitt gave the green-light to a second season, citing the show's positive critical response. The number of episodes ordered is unknown. As season one had an open-ended conclusion, Holmes said that Pete \"\"learned to accept his divorce, but he's still broke\"\". One aspect that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17904045",
"chunk_text": "\"The Cassandra Crossing\"\nthe Eiffel tower. At the beginning of the film passengers arrive at Geneva railway station to embark on the train. The scenes were shot at Basel central station. Where Dr Chamberlain enters the station, the green coloured trams (belonging to the Basel public transport company BVB) and Basel's Central Station Square can be seen in the background. Much of the film's special effects involved models and rear screen work that was largely effective, although the studio artwork shows a typical US diesel locomotive that doesn't resemble anything seen in the film. Peter O'Toole was offered the lead role, but he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8870226",
"chunk_text": "\"Meredith Stiehm\"\nin the first two seasons. On February 12, 2013, \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" announced that FX had picked up Stiehm's drama series \"\"The Bridge\"\" for a 13-episode order, which is originally based on the Danish/Swedish series \"\"The Bridge\"\". Set on the border between El Paso and Juárez, the show centers on two detectives – one from the U.S., Detective Sonya Cross (Diane Kruger), and one from Mexico, Marco Ruiz (Demián Bichir) — who must work together to hunt down a serial killer operating on both sides of the U.S.-Mexican border. It began filming in April 2013 and premiered in July 2013. Meredith",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20016800",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2010 film)\"\nhow the intersection of stories from his life with those of others lead to haunting revelation and redemption\"\", and which, according to Today's Zaman reviewer Emine Yıldırım, \"\"continues the prevalent notion in Turkish cinema in dealing with raw, dark and sullen emotions.\"\" \"\"The story takes place in İstanbul\"\", which according to Yıldırım, is, \"\"shown here in its gray winter colors and atmosphere\"\", but, \"\"We are never really shown exterior images of the city except for the intermittent shots of highway traffic, for this is more of an interior film\"\", where most of the action takes place in, what Güler describes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15233697",
"chunk_text": "\"The Visitors (installation)\"\nthe Turner House Gallery in Penarth, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., the Frist Center for the Visual Arts in Nashville, Tennessee, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. The piece was filmed at Rokeby Farm, located in upstate New York, near Barrytown. Rokeby is a home and estate that at one point belonged to the Astor family, and later the Livingston family. The property is now inhabited by various descendants of both families, and other tenants. The property was the site of an earlier 2007 piece by Kjartansson, titled \"\"The Blossoming Trees Performance\"\", during which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10625989",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2014 film)\"\nZiyi), an illiterate young woman who came into the equation when Tong pays her to have a photograph taken together as a couple as a proof of marriage, which would provide his family back home with more food rations. This financial exchange is a harbinger of Yu's unraveling existence, as unforgiving circumstances eventually force her to go into prostitution so as to secure enough money to travel to Taiwan with hope of finding her missing lover. Zhao Fei is the director of photography and Taro Iwashiro provided the scores for the film. The film's original script was written by Wang",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2365064",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing Church\"\n2011 - The Hannibal, MO Campus currently meets at the historic Orpheum Theatre at 425 Broadway. The Crossing purchased this building and spent 5 months renovating it. A second service was added in September 2012. The launch service on May 1, 2011 was held at the Hannibal YMCA and witnessed about 400 people. Since moving to the permanent location On Broadway in April 2012 attendance continues to grow at a rapid pace.And they have also added a Thur. Night service November 18, 2012 - The Crossing added a church location in Lima, located on the Northern edge of Lima, IL.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12367623",
"chunk_text": "\"The Tunnel (TV series)\"\nincluding Folkestone Harbour; The Turner Contemporary art gallery; Westwood Cross shopping centre; and the towns of Dover, Folkestone and Margate. Production also made use of the Kent Film Office's legal powers to close certain roads for uninterrupted filming. An estimated £2.5 million of the budget was spent on, among other services, accommodation, locations, parking and catering, providing a boost for the Kent economy. The filming in France was supported by the Nord-Pas de Calais Film Commission and benefited from the Tax Rebate International. Shooting took place over 31 days across Boulogne-sur-Mer, Calais, Dunkerque, and Wissant. Some scenes of \"\"The Tunnel\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8984480",
"chunk_text": "\"Swans Crossing\"\nSwans Crossing Swans Crossing is an American teen drama series that aired for thirteen weeks in syndication from June 29 to September 25, 1992. The series chronicles the lives of a group of wealthy teenagers living in the seaside town of Swans Crossing. Sydney Rutledge (Sarah Michelle Gellar) was the daughter of the town's mayor, Margaret \"\"Muffy\"\" Rutledge. They lived right next door to the mayor's political rival, Grant Booth, and his family. Sydney had a close but secret friendship with Grant's son, Garrett (Shane McDermott), but the parents found out and built a literal wall between them and their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6744119",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2014 film)\"\nthree couples flee from China to the island of Taiwan. Gen. Lei Yifang (Huang Xiaoming) returns to Shanghai highly decorated, and swiftly wins the hand of wealthy debutante Yunfen (Song Hye-kyo). Yen Zekun (Takeshi Kaneshiro), a Taiwanese doctor settling down to normal life in his hometown after years as a forcibly-drafted field medic in the Japanese army during World War II. Perhaps a little more than conveniently, he meets Zhou, who has moved into the house once occupied by his Japanese paramour Masako (Masami Nagasawa) – a friendship anchored by their shared longing for a distant beloved. Yu Zhen (Zhang",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15798192",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing Over (film)\"\nCrossing Over (film) Crossing Over is a 2009 American crime drama film written and directed by Wayne Kramer. It follows illegal immigrants of different nationalities struggling to achieve legal status in Los Angeles: dealing with the border, document fraud and extortion, the asylum and green card process, work-site enforcement, naturalization, the office of counter-terrorism, and the clash of cultures. The film is based on Kramer's similarly titled 1995 short film. He produced the film alongside Frank Marshall. After immigrant Mireya Sanchez is deported, ICE / Homeland Security Investigations Special Agent Max Brogan takes care of her little son and brings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18277445",
"chunk_text": "\"The Cassandra Crossing\"\nThe Cassandra Crossing The Cassandra Crossing is a 1976 Technicolor Italian-British disaster/thriller film in Panavision directed by George Pan Cosmatos and starring Richard Harris, Sophia Loren, Martin Sheen, Burt Lancaster, Lee Strasberg, Ava Gardner and O. J. Simpson about an infected Swedish terrorist who plagues a train's passengers as they head to a derelict arch bridge. With the backing of the European media tycoon Sir Lew Grade (the head of the British broadcast network ATV) and the Italian film producer Carlo Ponti, the international all-star cast was expected to attract a widespread audience, with rights sold prior to filming, to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18693253",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossing South\"\nsystems. The show is currently airing its third season. Crossing South Crossing South is a travel show, television production that was created by Centurion5. The program explores Tijuana and Northern Baja, demystifying the often-maligned region. Bilingual travel companion and host Jorge Meraz takes you on a journey where the viewer gets to know the people, vernacular, foods, customs and places frequented by the locals. The program has been airing since 2011 on the PBS affiliate in San Diego, KPBS, but it has also aired in 13 cities across the US and has been green light for distribution through participating PBS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6744118",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crossing (2014 film)\"\nThe Crossing (2014 film) The Crossing (Chinese: 太平轮) is a 2014 Chinese-Hong Kong epic historical romance-war drama (part 1) and disaster film (part 2) directed by John Woo and written by Hui-Ling Wang. The film stars Zhang Ziyi, Takeshi Kaneshiro, Song Hye-kyo, Huang Xiaoming, Tong Dawei and Masami Nagasawa. The film is based on the sinking of the steamer \"\"Taiping\"\" in 1949. The incident led to the deaths of over 1,500 passengers and crew. The film's first part was released in China on December 2, 2014. Part two was released on July 30, 2015. During the Chinese Revolution in 1949,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1339967",
"chunk_text": "\"Miller's Crossing\"\nsecretary. The role of The Swede was written for Peter Stormare, but he could not be cast since he was playing Hamlet at the time. J. E. Freeman was cast and the name of the character was changed to The Dane, while Stormare went on to be featured in \"\"Fargo\"\" and \"\"The Big Lebowski\"\". The city in which the story takes place is unidentified, but the film was shot in New Orleans as the Coen Brothers were attracted to its look. Ethan Coen commented in an interview, \"\"There are whole neighborhoods here of nothing but 1929 architecture. New Orleans is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1615292",
"chunk_text": "\"The Bridge (2013 TV series)\"\nboth in English and Spanish languages. The American version takes place on the U.S. and Mexican border where a murdered body on a bridge between El Paso and Juárez (the Bridge of the Americas) bring together El Paso detective Sonya Cross (Kruger) who is mentored by Hank Wade (Levine) and Chihuahua State police detective Marco Ruiz (Bichir). The story parallels the investigation by \"\"El Paso Times\"\" reporters Daniel Frye (Lillard) and Adriana Mendez (Rios). The series was a critical success and received positive review throughout its run. After the first season maintained a modest audience that dropped by 42 percent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3354780",
"chunk_text": "\"Bagdad Cafe\"\nIn the TV version the tourist was no longer from Germany. The series was shot in the conventional sitcom format, before a studio audience. The show did not attract a sizable audience and it was cancelled after one season. The setting, Bagdad, California, is a former town on U.S. Route 66. After being bypassed by Interstate 40 in 1973, it was abandoned and eventually razed. While the town had a \"\"Bagdad Cafe\"\", the film was shot at the then-Sidewinder Cafe in Newberry Springs, west of the site of Bagdad. The cafe has become something of a tourist destination; to capitalize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20736121",
"chunk_text": "\"Timmy Failure\"\nwith sixty days of filming following in Louisiana. The film was set with a budget of $42 million, with $32 million of that being spent in-state. That included an estimated $10 million on Louisiana payroll. Filming took place during the week of June 27, 2018, in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada, where a set was constructed made to look like a border crossing between the United States and Canada. Production continued in Surrey on July 5, 2018, at the local Cloverdale Fairgrounds, where a scene was shot where a vehicle travels through a house. Principal photography was expected to take place",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19736317",
"chunk_text": "\"Checkpoint Bravo\"\nto the Helmstedt–Marienborn border crossing (\"\"Checkpoint Alpha\"\") on the border of West Germany, making it part of the shortest highway transit route between West Germany and West Berlin. The checkpoint was shifted slightly during 1969 from Drewitz (part of Potsdam), after the East German authorities realigned the transit route to eliminate a brief re-entry into GDR territory before transit traffic could finally enter West Berlin. The new checkpoint was relocated to Nikolassee (part of the district of Zehlendorf). The site of the original, pre-1969 checkpoint (rest stop, adjacent car park and abandoned highway) was used in filming the television series.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12186494",
"chunk_text": "\"Switched at Birth (TV series)\"\nfor the Deaf, was produced almost entirely in sign language. The show was filmed in Los Angeles, California. Establishing shots used in several episodes feature video of downtown Kansas City, Missouri, including: a shot of the Liberty Memorial in the first episode; the Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art; and Loose Park. There are scenes filmed in Santa Clarita, Valencia, Beverly Hills, and Pasadena. The show's premiere on the ABC Family network was the highest-rated ever, with 3.3 million viewers. The total, including the first episode's repeat later that evening, was an estimated 4.9 million. ABC Family promoted the series by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14230585",
"chunk_text": "\"Crossroads of the World\"\nCrossroads of the World Crossroads of the World has been called America's first outdoor shopping mall. Located on Sunset Boulevard and Las Palmas in Los Angeles, the mall features a central building designed to resemble an ocean liner surrounded by a small village of cottage-style bungalows. It was designed by Robert V. Derrah and built in 1936. Once a busy shopping center, the Crossroads now hosts private offices, primarily for the entertainment industry. It has been used for location shooting in many films, including \"\"L.A. Confidential\"\", \"\"The Adventures of Ford Fairlane\"\", and \"\"Café Society\"\", in TV shows, including \"\"Dragnet\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_450
|
when was the movie cool hand luke made?
|
n/a
|
[
"1967"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413392",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nprison farm. He wears the trademark shades of Boss Godfrey throughout the episode. Nashville-based Christian alternative rock band Cool Hand Luke is named after the film. Cool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance. Newman stars in the title role as Luke, a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system. The film, set in the early 1960s, is based on Donn Pearce's 1965 novel of the same name. Pearce sold the story to Warner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413384",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nand even teenagers. The quotation was listed at number 11 on the American Film Institute's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines. An audio sample of the line is included in the Guns N' Roses songs \"\"Civil War\"\" and \"\"Madagascar.\"\" \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" opened on November 1, 1967 at Loew's State Theatre in New York City. The proceeds of the premiere went to charities. The film became a box-office success, grossing US$16,217,773 in domestic screenings. Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, while Pearce and Pierson were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14185993",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nCool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance. Newman stars in the title role as Luke, a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system. The film, set in the early 1960s, is based on Donn Pearce's 1965 novel of the same name. Pearce sold the story to Warner Bros., who then hired him to write the script. Due to Pearce's lack of film experience, the studio added Frank Pierson to rework the screenplay. Newman's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413362",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nJesus, and Christian symbolism is used throughout the film, culminating in a photograph superimposed over crossroads at the end of the film in comparison to the crucifixion. Filming took place within California's San Joaquin River Delta region; the set, imitating a prison farm in the Deep South, was based on photographs and measurements made by a crew sent to Road Prison in Gainesville, Florida by the filmmakers. Upon its release, \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" received favorable reviews and became a box-office success. The film cemented Newman's status as one of the era's top box-office actors, while the film was described as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11592973",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (band)\"\nCool Hand Luke (band) Cool Hand Luke is a Christian band variously classified as alternative rock, progressive pop, indie, and emo and signed to Lujo Records on March 16, 2008. Cool Hand Luke was formed by Brandon Morgan and Jason Hammil in 1998 while attending Middle Tennessee State University. The band's early music had a punk rock influence, although the range and scope of Cool Hand Luke's sound changed quickly after Mark Nicks joined the band. With Nicks on drums and lead vocals, Cool Hand Luke became known for playing with their backs to the crowd, lengthy, emotively expressive songs,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1745828",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (novel)\"\nCool Hand Luke (novel) Cool Hand Luke is a novel by Donn Pearce published in 1965. It was adapted into a film of the same name. The story is told in a first-person narrative and is unusual in that although there is dialogue, and all quotes are indented paragraphs, they are not encased in quotation marks as in normal English-language literature. Many of the episodes found in the movie appear in the book as well, including the egg-eating contest, the \"\"string\"\" escape, and Boss Godfrey's shooting. The title character is prominent in the book, although the novel deals more with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3257125",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (soundtrack)\"\nCool Hand Luke (soundtrack) Cool Hand Luke is a soundtrack album for the Warner Bros. film of the same name, released in 1967 on the Dot label. The original music for \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" was composed by Lalo Schifrin, who reissued it in 2001 along with additional cues and new music on his own Aleph label. In part because its staccato melody resembles the sound of a telegraph, an edited version of the musical cue from \"\"Tar Sequence\"\" has been used for many years as the news music package on several television stations' news programs around the world, most notably",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413374",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nsalary was \"\"multiplied by ten the minute (he) won,\"\" also adding \"\"the happiest part was that I didn't have to play only villains anymore.\"\" Strother Martin, known for his appearances in westerns, was cast as the Captain, a prison warden who is depicted as a cruel and insensitive leader, severely punishing Luke for his escapes. The role of Luke's dying mother, Arletta, who visits him in prison, was passed to Jo Van Fleet after it was rejected by Bette Davis. Morgan Woodward was cast as Boss Godfrey, a laconic, cruel and remorseless prison officer who Woodward described as a \"\"walking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3257129",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (soundtrack)\"\nordinary score.\"\" The \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" score was nominated for an Academy Award. All songs by Lalo Schifrin unless otherwise noted. Cool Hand Luke (soundtrack) Cool Hand Luke is a soundtrack album for the Warner Bros. film of the same name, released in 1967 on the Dot label. The original music for \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" was composed by Lalo Schifrin, who reissued it in 2001 along with additional cues and new music on his own Aleph label. In part because its staccato melody resembles the sound of a telegraph, an edited version of the musical cue from \"\"Tar Sequence\"\" has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1660714",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke (French band)\"\nLuke (French band) Luke is a French rock band. The group was formed in Aquitaine in 1998 when Thomas Boulard joined the group \"\"Spring\"\", consisting of Christophe Plantier and François Jugé. The band's name is derived from the American movie Cool Hand Luke. In 1999, Luke composed a number of demos and a seven track CD. That same year they signed with \"\"Village Vert\"\". They released an EP titled \"\"Je n'éclaire que moi\"\". In October 2001, the band released their first full album called \"\"La Vie presque\"\". It was characterized by Boulard's intense lyrics. After a tour, they headed back",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186011",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\ncounterfeiter and safe cracker, wrote the novel \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\", about his experiences working on a chain gang while serving in a Florida prison. He sold the story to Warner Bros. for US$80,000 and received another US$15,000 to write the screenplay. After working in television for over a decade, Rosenberg chose it to make it his directorial debut in cinema. He took the idea to Jalem Productions, owned by Jack Lemmon. Since Pearce had no experience writing screenplays, his draft was reworked by Frank Pierson. Conrad Hall was hired as the cinematographer, while Paul Newman's brother, Arthur, was hired as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1645233",
"chunk_text": "\"Donn Pearce\"\nDonn Pearce Donn Pearce (born, September 28, 1928) is an American author and journalist best known for the novel and screenplay \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\". Born Donald Mills Pearce in a suburb of Philadelphia, Pearce left home at 15. He attempted to join the United States Merchant Marine at 16, but was turned away due to his age. He lied about his age, registered for the draft, and was inducted into the United States Army in 1944. Frustrated by rules he considered unnecessary, he went AWOL, then three days later thought better of it and turned himself in to a Navy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14185998",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nwhich begins with \"\"What we've got here is failure to communicate,\"\" was listed at No. 11 on the American Film Institute's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines. Decorated war veteran Lucas \"\"Luke\"\" Jackson (Paul Newman), is arrested for cutting parking meters off their poles one drunken night. He is sentenced to two years in prison and sent to a Florida chain gang prison run by a stern warden, the Captain (Strother Martin), and a stoic rifleman, Walking Boss Godfrey (Morgan Woodward), whose eyes are always covered by a pair of mirrored sunglasses. Carr (Clifton James) the floorwalker, tells",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413363",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nthe \"\"touchstone of an era.\"\" Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, George Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, Pearce and Pierson were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and the score by Lalo Schifrin was also nominated for the Best Original Score. In 2005, the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry, considering it to be \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\"\" It has a 100% rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes. The quotation used by the prison warden (Strother Martin) in the film,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413373",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nleading role was initially considered for Jack Lemmon or Telly Savalas. Newman asked to play the leading role after hearing about the project. In order to develop his character, he traveled to West Virginia, where he recorded local accents and surveyed people's behavior. George Kennedy turned in an Academy Award-winning performance as the leader of the prisoners, Dragline, who fights Luke, and comes to respect him. During the nomination process, worried about the box office success of \"\"Camelot\"\" and \"\"Bonnie and Clyde\"\", Kennedy invested US$5,000 in trade advertising to promote himself. Kennedy later stated that thanks to the award his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413375",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nMephistopheles.\"\" He was dubbed \"\"the man with no eyes\"\" by the inmates for his mirrored sunglasses. The blonde Joy Harmon was cast for the scene where she teases the prisoners in washing her car after her manager, Leon Lance, contacted the producers. She auditioned in front of Rosenberg and Newman wearing a bikini, without speaking. Filming took place on the San Joaquin River Delta. The set, imitating a southern prison farm, was built in Stockton, California. The filmmakers sent a crew to Tavares Road Prison in Tavares, Florida, to take photographs and measurements, where Pearce had served his time. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186000",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nguards. Later, Luke wins a poker game by bluffing with a hand worth nothing. Luke comments that \"\"sometimes, nothing can be a real cool hand\"\", prompting Dragline to nickname him \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\". After a visit from his sick mother, Arletta (Jo Van Fleet), Luke becomes more optimistic about his situation. He continually confronts the Captain and the guards, and his sense of humor and independence prove to be both contagious and inspiring to the other prisoners. Luke's struggle for supremacy peaks when he leads a work crew in a seemingly impossible but successful effort to complete a road-paving job",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9016942",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Peter\"\nDiego Comic-Con International, the episode was written by Artie Johann and Shawn Ries, and directed by Brian Iles. The episode received mixed reviews, praising its structure and humor, but criticizing it for not living up to the 1967 drama film \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\", which the episode was named after. According to Nielsen ratings, it was watched by 7.14 million people in its original airing. The episode featured guest performances by Ralph Garman, Bob Gunton, Sanaa Lathan, Julius Sharpe, and Jennifer Tilly, along with several recurring guest voice actors from the series. When Cleveland Brown returns to Quahog for a week,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186025",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nthe guards showed that there were \"\"worse ways to pay one's debt with society.\"\" Ron Clooney also remarked that prisons \"\"were not hotels and certainly not the stuff of \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" movies.\"\" In 2003, AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains rated Luke as the number 30 greatest hero in American cinema, and three years later, AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers: America's Most Inspiring Movies rated Cool Hand Luke number 71. In 2006, Luke was ranked 53rd in \"\"Empire\"\" magazine's \"\"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters.\"\" The movie solidified Newman's status as a box-office star, while the film is considered a touchstone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413391",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nof the era. The film was an inductee of the 2005 National Film Registry list. The book was adapted into a West End play by Emma Reeves. It opened at London's Aldwych Theatre starring Marc Warren, but closed after less than two months, following poor reviews. The show was chosen by \"\"The Times\"\" both as \"\"Critic's Choice\"\" and \"\"What the Critics Would Pay To See.\"\" An episode of the television show \"\"The Dukes of Hazzard\"\" entitled \"\"Cool Hands Luke and Bo\"\" was shown with Morgan Woodward playing \"\"Colonel Cassius Claiborne\"\" the boss of a neighboring county and warden of its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413372",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nthe unit production manager. Newman's biographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the \"\"tough, honest\"\" script drew together threads from earlier movies, especially \"\"Hombre\"\", Newman's earlier film of 1967. Director Stuart Rosenberg altered the original ending in the script, adding \"\"an upbeat ending that would reprise the protagonist's (and Paul Newman's) trademark smile.\"\" Paul Newman's character, Luke, is a decorated war veteran who is sentenced to serve two years in a Florida rural prison. He constantly defies the authorities of the facility, becoming a leader among the prisoners, as well as escaping multiple times. While the script was being developed, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14185994",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nbiographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the \"\"tough, honest\"\" script drew together threads from earlier movies, especially \"\"Hombre\"\", Newman's earlier film of 1967. The film has been cited by Roger Ebert as an anti-establishment film which was shot during the time of emerging popular opposition to the Vietnam War. Newman's character, Lucas Jackson, is described (by the notorious \"\"Captain,\"\" upon his arrival at the prison), as a \"\"free spirit,\"\" whose personal record (read out loud because of its unusual details) indicates a man who started well in the US Army - receiving medals for bravery in Korea - rose to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413378",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nscene featuring the chain gang, Rosenberg substituted a teenage cheerleader, who wore an overcoat. The Academy Award nominated original score was composed by Lalo Schifrin, who created tunes with a background in popular music and jazz. While some of the tracks include the use of guitars, banjos and harmonicas, others include trumpets, violins, flutes and piano. An edited version of the musical cue from the \"\"Tar Sequence\"\" (where the inmates are energetically paving the road) has been used for years as the theme music for local television stations' news programs around the world, mostly those owned and operated by ABC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1660716",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke (French band)\"\nof rest, they found themselves hard at work in the studio to record their third album, \"\"Les Enfants de Saturne\"\". It was released on the tenth of September 2007. The first single \"\"La terre ferme\"\" was released and is available for download from their official website. RFI Musique Luke (French band) Luke is a French rock band. The group was formed in Aquitaine in 1998 when Thomas Boulard joined the group \"\"Spring\"\", consisting of Christophe Plantier and François Jugé. The band's name is derived from the American movie Cool Hand Luke. In 1999, Luke composed a number of demos and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7520230",
"chunk_text": "\"Donn Pearce\"\nBulge, which received an excellent review from Malcolm Jones in the 21 February 2005 edition of \"\"Newsweek\"\". In 2011 a dramatization of \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" played on London's West Side, and the novel was reissued in the UK. Pearce continues to live and write in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Donn Pearce Donn Pearce (born, September 28, 1928) is an American author and journalist best known for the novel and screenplay \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\". Born Donald Mills Pearce in a suburb of Philadelphia, Pearce left home at 15. He attempted to join the United States Merchant Marine at 16, but was turned",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1745829",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (novel)\"\nthe day-to-day harsh life of the prisoners than the lead character. Cool Hand Luke (novel) Cool Hand Luke is a novel by Donn Pearce published in 1965. It was adapted into a film of the same name. The story is told in a first-person narrative and is unusual in that although there is dialogue, and all quotes are indented paragraphs, they are not encased in quotation marks as in normal English-language literature. Many of the episodes found in the movie appear in the book as well, including the egg-eating contest, the \"\"string\"\" escape, and Boss Godfrey's shooting. The title character",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413377",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nplayed by a stunt actor, using dogs from the Florida Department of Corrections. Rosenberg wanted the cast to internalize life on a chain gang and banned the presence of wives on set. After Joy Harmon arrived on location, she remained for two days in her hotel room, and wasn't seen by the rest of the cast until shooting commenced. Despite the director's intentions, the scene was ultimately filmed separately. Rosenberg instructed an unaware Harmon of the different movements and expressions he wanted. Originally planned to be shot in half a day, Harmon's scene took three. For the part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186021",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\naggregator site Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 100% based on reviews by 47 critics, and an average of 8.8/10. Its critical consensus states, \"\"Though hampered by Stuart Rosenberg's direction, \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" is held aloft by a stellar script and one of Paul Newman's most indelible performances.\"\" \"\"Empire\"\" rated it five stars out of five, declaring the movie one of Newman's best performances. \"\"Slant\"\" rated the film three stars out of four. It described Newman's role as \"\"iconic,\"\" also praising its cinematography and sound score. Allmovie praised Newman's performance as \"\"one of the most indelible anti-authoritarian heroes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413387",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nin movie history.\"\" Critic Roger Ebert included the film in his review collection \"\"The Great Movies\"\", rating it four stars out of four. Ebert stated that it was a \"\"great\"\" film and also an anti-establishment one during the time of the Vietnam War. He believed that the film was a product of its time and that no major film company would be interested in producing a film of such \"\"physical punishment, psychological cruelty, hopelessness and equal parts of sadism and masochism\"\" today. He praised the cinematography, capturing the \"\"punishing heat\"\" of the location, and stated that \"\"the physical presence of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413382",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\noff the parking meters, the word \"\"Violation\"\" appears. Stop signs are also seen. Instances include the road-paving scene and the last scene, where the road meets at a cross section. Traffic lights turn from green to red in the background at the time Luke is arrested, while at the end, when he is fatally wounded, a green light in the background turns to red. After writing the line, Pierson worried that the phrase was too complex for the warden. To explain its origin, he created a backstory that was included in the stage directions. Pierson explained that in order to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413376",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nstructures that were built in Stockton included barracks, a mess hall, the warden's quarters, a guard shack and dog kennels. The trees on the set were decorated with spanish moss that the producers took to the area. The construction soon attracted the attention of a county building inspector who confused it with migrant worker housing and ordered it \"\"condemned for code violations.\"\" The opening scene where Newman cuts the parking meters was filmed in Lodi, California. Meanwhile, the scene in which Luke is chased by bloodhounds and other exteriors were shot in Jacksonville, Florida, at Callahan Road Prison. Luke was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13035600",
"chunk_text": "\"Lou Antonio\"\nLou Antonio Louis Demetrios \"\"Lou\"\" Antonio (born January 23, 1934) is an American actor and TV director best known for performing in the films \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" and \"\"America America\"\". He also starred in two short-lived TV series, \"\"Dog and Cat\"\", and \"\"Makin' It\"\". Born in Oklahoma City of Greek descent (the family name was originally Antoniou), he made a name for himself as a sports reporter on the \"\"Daily Oklahoman\"\". Antonio made appeared (sometimes in multiple episodes as different characters) on 1960s and 1970s series including \"\"The Rookies\"\", \"\"The Naked City\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Gunsmoke\"\", \"\"The Fugitive\"\", \"\"Twelve O'Clock High\"\", \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9810072",
"chunk_text": "\"Down Here on the Ground\"\nDown Here on the Ground Down Here on the Ground is the nineteenth album by jazz guitarist Wes Montgomery, released in 1968. It reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Jazz album chart and number 4 on the R&B chart. It also reached number 38 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. The song \"\"Down Here on the Ground\"\" is Montgomery's version of the theme song from the movie \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" by Lalo Schifrin. In his Allmusic review, music critic Michael G. Nastos wrote \"\"The arrangements of Don Sebesky are for the most part pretty, unobtrusive, and pleasant but lack groove and soul",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13035602",
"chunk_text": "\"Lou Antonio\"\nare also actors. Lou Antonio Louis Demetrios \"\"Lou\"\" Antonio (born January 23, 1934) is an American actor and TV director best known for performing in the films \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" and \"\"America America\"\". He also starred in two short-lived TV series, \"\"Dog and Cat\"\", and \"\"Makin' It\"\". Born in Oklahoma City of Greek descent (the family name was originally Antoniou), he made a name for himself as a sports reporter on the \"\"Daily Oklahoman\"\". Antonio made appeared (sometimes in multiple episodes as different characters) on 1960s and 1970s series including \"\"The Rookies\"\", \"\"The Naked City\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Gunsmoke\"\", \"\"The Fugitive\"\", \"\"Twelve",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413383",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nadvance in the Florida prison system, officers had to take criminology and penology courses at the state university, showing how the warden might know such words. Strother Martin later clarified that he felt the line was the kind that his character would very likely have heard or read from some \"\"pointy-headed intellectuals\"\" who had begun to infiltrate his character's world under the general rubric of a new, enlightened approach to incarceration. Some authors believe that the quotation was a metaphor for the ongoing Vietnam War conflict which was taking place during the filming, and others have applied it towards corporations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12772819",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (band)\"\nJesus’ final days, from the perspective of the people in His life. Part rock, part classical, part film score, this is the capstone of Cool Hand Luke’s 13-year career. Over 30 friends contributed to the making of this album, including members of Underoath, Elliott, Quiet Science, Aireline, and the Kopecky Family Band.\"\" Only 500 physical copies of the album were pressed. After a lengthy hiatus, in 2017, Nicks announced a Kickstarter project for funding a new Cool Hand Luke album titled \"\"Cora\"\". Cool Hand Luke (band) Cool Hand Luke is a Christian band variously classified as alternative rock, progressive pop,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413379",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nin the United States. Although the music was written for the film, it became more familiar for its association with television news, in part because its staccato melody resembles the sound of a telegraph. Pierson included in his draft explicit religious symbolism. The film contains several elements based on Christian themes, including the concept of Luke as a Saint who wins over the crowds and is ultimately sacrificed. Newman's character of Luke is portrayed as a \"\"Jesus-like redeemer figure.\"\" After winning the egg-eating bet, Luke lies exhausted on the table in the position of Jesus as depicted on his crucifixion.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14575225",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Peter\"\nof Adam West and Joe Swanson, respectively. Bob Gunton's voicing of the warden is probably a nod to his most famous role, that of the warden in the film \"\"The Shawshank Redemption\"\". The title of the episode is a reference to the 1967 American film \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\". In the opening scene of the episode, while Peter, Joe, Cleveland and Quagmire are drinking at the local bar, Peter's wife, Lois, calls him on his phone. The theme song from \"\"The Cleveland Show\"\" then begins playing as Peter's ringtone. While the group drives to New Orleans, they attempt to pass the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1724810",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (soundtrack)\"\nstill using variants of the theme as of 2018. \"\"Plastic Jesus\"\" was sung by Paul Newman, but this version is not included in the soundtrack album. Other songs heard in the film performed by Harry Dean Stanton (but not included on the soundtrack album) include \"\"Midnight Special\"\", \"\"Just a Closer Walk With Thee\"\", \"\"Ain't No Grave Can Keep My Body Down\"\" and \"\"Cotton Fields\"\". Thom Jurek stated in his Allmusic review of the reissue: \"\"Of all the film scores Lalo Schifrin has composed — good and bad, and yes, he's done some stinkers — the score to Stuart Rosenberg's 1967",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186004",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nmen.\"\" A short time later, Luke escapes again by using string to shake a bush and deceive the guards about his location while taking a urination break behind said bush, afterwards visiting a nearby house where he uses an axe to remove his shackles. To keep the guard dogs from following his scent, he spreads curry powder and chili powder across the ground to send them into sneezing fits and overload their sensitive sense of smell. While free, Luke mails Dragline a magazine that includes a photograph of him with two beautiful women. He is soon recaptured, beaten, returned to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15330973",
"chunk_text": "\"Strother Martin\"\nStrother Martin Strother Douglas Martin Jr. (March 26, 1919 – August 1, 1980) was an American character actor who often appeared in support of John Wayne and Paul Newman and in western films directed by John Ford and Sam Peckinpah. Martin perhaps is best known as the prison \"\"captain\"\" in the 1967 film \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\", in which he uttered the line, \"\"What we've got here is failure to communicate.\"\" The line is number 11 on the American Film Institute list of AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes. Martin was born in Kokomo in Howard County in north central Indiana to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14186002",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\njoins the other prisoners in the truck, Luke shouts to God, testing him. On that same evening, Luke receives a letter stating that his mother has died. The Captain, anticipating that Luke might attempt to escape in order to attend his mother's funeral, has him locked in the box. After being released from the box, receiving word that his mother's burial is completed and being told to forget about her, Luke is determined to escape. Under the cover of a Fourth of July celebration, he makes his initial escape attempt. He is later recaptured by local police and returned to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8803351",
"chunk_text": "\"Harry Dean Stanton\"\non-screen appearances are as a sheriff in \"\"Frank and Ava\"\" and a starring role as a 90-year-old atheist in \"\"Lucky\"\". Stanton died at age 91 on September 15, 2017, at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. Harry Dean Stanton Harry Dean Stanton (July 14, 1926 – September 15, 2017) was an American actor, musician, and singer. In a career that spanned more than six decades, Stanton made appearances in the films \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" (1967), \"\"Kelly's Heroes\"\" (1970), \"\"Dillinger\"\" (1973), \"\"The Godfather Part II\"\" (1974), \"\"Alien\"\" (1979), \"\"Escape from New York\"\" (1981), \"\"Christine\"\" (1983), \"\"Repo Man\"\" (1984), \"\"Paris,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413365",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nthe rules to the new set of prisoners, with any violations resulting in spending the night in \"\"the box,\"\" a small square room with limited air and very little room to move. Luke refuses to observe the established pecking order among the prisoners and quickly runs afoul of the prisoners' leader, Dragline (George Kennedy). When the pair have a boxing match, the prisoners and guards watch with interest. Although Luke is severely outmatched by his larger opponent, he refuses to acquiesce. Eventually, Dragline refuses to continue the fight. Luke's tenacity earns the prisoners' respect and draws the attention of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1131710",
"chunk_text": "\"Conrad Hall\"\nthe documentary feel and location shots, which were rare at the time. In that same year, Hall shot \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" and \"\"Divorce American Style\"\". \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" is known for being shot in Panavision, which contributed to its lush color palette. In 1968, Hall filmed \"\"Hell in the Pacific\"\" for director John Boorman, which was not a box-office success but has since become a cult classic. In 1969, Hall received his first Oscar for \"\"Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid\"\". To make \"\"Butch Cassidy\"\" visually compatible with the time period, he used experimental techniques, such as overexposing the negatives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11797274",
"chunk_text": "\"Dennis Hopper\"\nhe became well acquainted with Wayne. In both of the films with Wayne, Hopper's character is killed in the presence of Wayne's character, to whom he utters his dying words. Hopper had a supporting role as the bet-taker, \"\"Babalugats\"\", in \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" (1967). In 1968, Hopper teamed with Peter Fonda, Terry Southern and Jack Nicholson to make \"\"Easy Rider\"\", which premiered in July 1969. With the release of \"\"True Grit\"\" a month earlier, Hopper had starring roles in two major box office films that summer. Hopper won wide acclaim as the director for his improvisational methods and innovative editing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12772818",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke (band)\"\ncomprises twelve piano-based songs of a depth, intensity, and relative darkness unseen before in Cool Hand Luke's work. The artwork-intensive album, complete with an enhanced CD, featured lyrics, explorations of each song, a music video, and in-depth exploration of the meanings contained within the artwork. On March 22, 2009, Mark Nicks (the sole remaining member of the band) announced that he was working to complete what he at the time said would be the final album under the \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" name. The album, Of Man, was released on March 25, 2011. Nicks said, \"\"The album tells the story of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5456019",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Warped\"\nthe original Star Wars trilogy. They have compiled their \"\"favourite snagged, borrowed and stolen\"\" Star Wars merchandise, which the player can interact with. Gameplay primarily consists of a series of mini-games, including \"\"Whack! the Ewok\"\" and \"\"Flawed Fighters\"\", a spoof of fighting games such as \"\"Mortal Kombat\"\". Characters include Leia I. Joe (a Princess Leia and G.I. Joe spoof), Cool-Handless Luke (Luke Skywalker with a missing hand and a pun on the film \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\"), and Pizza-Flipping Greedo (Greedo as a pizza chef). The game also has several humorous items such as \"\"scrapped scripts\"\", \"\"gene splicer\"\", and \"\"Tell you,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065193",
"chunk_text": "\"Strother Martin\"\nNight Live\"\" on April 19, 1980. In one of the skits, Martin played the strict owner of a French language camp for children, based on his role as the prison captain from the film, \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\". He even paraphrased his most famous line from the film, \"\"What we have here is failure to communicate BI-LINGUALLY!\"\" In another, he played a terminally ill man who videotaped his last will and testament. During his monologue, he again did his Tennessee Williams impression. This episode was supposed to be rerun during the summer of 1980 but was pulled and replaced with another",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13413381",
"chunk_text": "\"Cool Hand Luke\"\nGod and Jesus at the Garden of Gethsemane, depicted in the Gospel of Luke. Following Luke's talk, the film depicts Dragline as a Judas, who delivers Luke to the authorities, trying to convince him to surrender. In the final scene, Dragline eulogizes Luke. He explains that despite Luke's death, his actions succeeded in defeating the system. The closing shot shows inmates working on crossroads with the repaired photo of Luke and the two women superimposed. Different traffic signs are used throughout the film, complementing the actions of the characters during the scenes. At the beginning, while Luke cuts the heads",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_451
|
who says that which we call a rose?
|
n/a
|
[
"Juliet",
"William Shakespeare"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492843",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose\"\nthe rose is red for the first time in English poetry for a hundred years.\"\" (\"\"Four in America\"\"). She herself said to an audience at Oxford University that the statement referred to the fact that when the Romantics used the word \"\"rose\"\", it had a direct relationship to an actual rose. For later periods in literature this would no longer be true. The eras following romanticism, notably the modern era, use the word rose to refer to the actual rose, yet they also imply, through the use of the word, the archetypical elements of the romantic era. The following lines",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492841",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose\"\nRose is a rose is a rose is a rose The sentence \"\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose.\"\" was written by Gertrude Stein as part of the 1913 poem \"\"Sacred Emily\"\", which appeared in the 1922 book \"\"Geography and Plays\"\". In that poem, the first \"\"Rose\"\" is the name of a person. Stein later used variations on the sentence in other writings, and \"\"A rose is a rose is a rose\"\" is among her most famous quotations, often interpreted as meaning \"\"things are what they are\"\", a statement of the law of identity, \"\"A is A\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492844",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose\"\nappear at widely separated places in \"\"Sacred Emily\"\": Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose The sentence \"\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose.\"\" was written by Gertrude Stein as part of the 1913 poem \"\"Sacred Emily\"\", which appeared in the 1922 book \"\"Geography and Plays\"\". In that poem, the first \"\"Rose\"\" is the name of a person. Stein later used variations on the sentence in other writings, and \"\"A rose is a rose is a rose\"\" is among her most famous quotations, often interpreted as meaning \"\"things are what they are\"\", a statement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "158789",
"chunk_text": "Rose\nin which the goddess Isis, who is identified with Venus, instructs the main character, Lucius, who has been transformed into a donkey, to eat rose petals from a crown of roses worn by a priest as part of a religious procession in order to regain his humanity. Following the Christianization of the Roman Empire, the rose became identified with the Virgin Mary. The color of the rose and the number of roses received has symbolic representation. The rose symbol eventually led to the creation of the rosary and other devotional prayers in Christianity. Ever since the 1400s, the Franciscans have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1944704",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\nonly the name. In this novel, the lost \"\"rose\"\" could be seen as Aristotle's book on comedy (now forever lost), the exquisite library now destroyed, or the beautiful peasant girl now dead. The title is also an allusion to the nominalist position in the problem of universals, taken by William of Ockham. According to nominalism, universals are bare names: there is not a universal rose, only the name \"\"rose\"\". This text has also been translated as \"\"Yesterday's rose stands only in name, we hold only empty names.\"\" This line is a verse by twelfth century monk Bernard of Cluny (also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1726126",
"chunk_text": "\"What's in a Name?\"\nhelp, that it was the survivor, Morey, who prepared the tea by showing that she did not know the name of the one person who inquired at the reference desk while the tea was being prepared, a furrier named Ernest Beilstein. Professor Rodney alleges that Morey could not possibly have forgotten this due to the coincidence of his sharing a name with Beilstein's Handbook of Organic Chemistry, a sixty volume encyclopedia of chemical compounds and reactions. The title is from William Shakespeare's \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\" (Act 2, scene 2): \"\"What's in a name? that which we call a rose/ By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7171626",
"chunk_text": "\"Language of flowers\"\nlove, while the rose's five petals are thought to illustrate the five crucifixion wounds of Christ. Pink roses imply a lesser affection, white roses suggest virtue and chastity, and yellow roses stand for friendship or devotion. The black rose (actually a very dark shade of red, purple, or maroon) has a long association with death and dark magic. William Shakespeare, Jane Austen, Charlotte and Emily Bronte, and children's novelist Frances Hodgson Burnett, among others, used the language of flowers in their writings. Shakespeare used the word \"\"flower\"\" more than 100 times in his plays and sonnets. In \"\"Hamlet\"\", Ophelia mentions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2786929",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\ntitle \"\"Adso of Melk\"\", but that was vetoed by his publisher, and then the title \"\"The Name of the Rose\"\" \"\"came to me virtually by chance.\"\" In the \"\"Postscript to the Name of the Rose\"\", Eco claims to have chosen the title \"\"because the rose is a symbolic figure so rich in meanings that by now it hardly has any meaning left\"\". The book's last line, translates as: \"\"the rose of old remains only in its name; we possess naked names.\"\" The general sense, as Eco pointed out, was that from the beauty of the past, now disappeared, we hold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492842",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose\"\nIn Stein's view, the sentence expresses the fact that simply using the name of a thing already invokes the imagery and emotions associated with it, an idea also intensively discussed in the problem of universals debate where Peter Abelard and others used the \"\"rose\"\" as an example concept. As the quotation diffused through her own writing, and the culture at large, Stein once remarked, \"\"Now listen! I'm no fool. I know that in daily life we don't go around saying 'is a ... is a ... is a ...' Yes, I'm no fool; but I think that in that line",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19211078",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\nperhaps not with Shakespeare's personal input. This is believed since there are textual oddities such as \"\"false starts\"\" for speeches that were presumably not clearly crossed out enough for the printer to spot. It uses the text: ’Tis but thy name that is my enemy: Thou art thyself, though not a Montague, What’s Montague? It is not hand nor foot, Nor arm nor face. O be some other name, belonging to a man! What’s in a name? That which we call a rose, By any other word would smell as sweet. Malone reasoned that the awkward half-line of ‘belonging to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19597703",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosa arvensis\"\nbe seen principally in hedges and thickets. Rosa arvensis Rosa arvensis, the field rose, is a rose that is found extensively across Europe, particularly in hedgerows. It was first described by British botanist William Hudson in 1762. The plant is variously known as the Field Rose and white-flowered trailing rose. It may also be called Shakespeare’s musk. The following synonyms were recognised in October 2018: This rose blooms in July with white flowers, across, which are followed by red hips. The plant can grow to be between tall. \"\"Rosa arvensis\"\" was first identified in England and has been subsequently observed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19597702",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosa arvensis\"\nRosa arvensis Rosa arvensis, the field rose, is a rose that is found extensively across Europe, particularly in hedgerows. It was first described by British botanist William Hudson in 1762. The plant is variously known as the Field Rose and white-flowered trailing rose. It may also be called Shakespeare’s musk. The following synonyms were recognised in October 2018: This rose blooms in July with white flowers, across, which are followed by red hips. The plant can grow to be between tall. \"\"Rosa arvensis\"\" was first identified in England and has been subsequently observed in many countries throughout Europe. It can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16361132",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\nA rose by any other name would smell as sweet \"\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\" is a popular reference to William Shakespeare's play \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\", in which Juliet seems to argue that it does not matter that Romeo is from her family's rival house of Montague, that is, that he is named \"\"Montague\"\". The reference is often used to imply that the names of things do not affect what they really are. This formulation is, however, a paraphrase of Shakespeare's actual language. Juliet compares Romeo to a rose saying that if he were not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11044103",
"chunk_text": "Rosaline\nline ties the young man to both Rosaline and Romeo in Juliet's \"\"What's in a name?\"\" soliloquy. When Juliet says \"\"...that which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet\"\", she may be raising the question of whether there is any difference between the beauty of a man and the beauty of a woman. Rosaline is used as a name for only one other Shakespearean character—the one of the main female figures in \"\"Love's Labours Lost\"\" (1598), although Rosalin\"\"d\"\" is the name of the main female character in \"\"As You Like It\"\". Scholars have found",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7801809",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\nknown as Bernard of Morlaix). Medieval manuscripts of this line are not in agreement: Eco quotes one Medieval variant verbatim, but Eco was not aware at the time of the text more commonly printed in modern editions, in which the reference is to Rome (\"\"Roma\"\"), not to a rose (\"\"rosa\"\"). The alternative text, with its context, runs: \"\"Nunc ubi Regulus aut ubi Romulus aut ubi Remus? / Stat Roma pristina nomine, nomina nuda tenemus\"\". This translates as \"\"Where now is Regulus, or Romulus, or Remus? / Primordial Rome abides only in its name; we hold only naked names.\"\" Also the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14496637",
"chunk_text": "\"By Any Other Name\"\nBy Any Other Name \"\"By Any Other Name\"\" is the twenty-second episode of the episode of the American science fiction television series \"\"\"\", first broadcast February 23, 1968, and repeated May 31, 1968. It is episode #51, production #50, with screenplay by D.C. Fontana and Jerome Bixby based on Bixby's story, and directed by Marc Daniels. The title is taken from a line spoken by Juliet in William Shakespeare's play \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\": \"\"that which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet\"\", a line quoted by Captain Kirk during the episode. In this episode,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17988954",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose of Sharon\"\nfamily. The name's colloquial application has been used as an example of the lack of precision of common names, which can potentially cause confusion. \"\"Rose of Sharon\"\" has become a frequently used catch phrase in poetry and lyrics. The name \"\"rose of Sharon\"\" first appears in Hebrew in the Tanakh. In the Shir Hashirim (Song of Songs or Song of Solomon) 2:1, the speaker (the beloved) says \"\"I am the rose of Sharon, a rose of the valley\"\". The Hebrew phrase חבצלת השרון (\"\"ḥăḇatzeleṯ hasharon\"\") was translated by the KJV editors as \"\"rose of Sharon\"\"; however, previous translations had rendered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9731762",
"chunk_text": "Rosaline\nof the play. Rosaline is a variant of Rosalind, a name of Old French origin: (\"\"hros\"\" = \"\"horse\"\", \"\"lind\"\" = \"\"soft, tender\"\"). When it was imported into English it was thought to be from the Latin \"\"rosa linda\"\" (\"\"lovely rose\"\"). Romeo sees Rosaline as the embodiment of the rose because of her name and her apparent perfections. The name Rosaline commonly appears in Petrarchan sonnets, a form of poetry Romeo uses to woo Juliet and to describe both Rosaline and Juliet. Since Rosaline is unattainable, she is a perfect subject for this style; but Romeo's attempt at it is forced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18544645",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (symbolism)\"\nRose (symbolism) The rose has long been used as a symbol. \"\"Rose\"\" means pink or red in a variety of languages (such as the Romance languages, and Greek). In ancient Greece, the rose was closely associated with the goddess Aphrodite. In the \"\"Iliad\"\", Aphrodite protects the body of Hector using the \"\"immortal oil of the rose\"\" and the archaic Greek lyric poet Ibycus praises a beautiful youth saying that Aphrodite nursed him \"\"among rose blossoms\"\". The second-century AD Greek travel writer Pausanias associates the rose with the story of Adonis and states that the rose is red because Aphrodite wounded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20724109",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (symbolism)\"\nherself on one of its thorns and stained the flower red with her blood. Book Eleven of the ancient Roman novel \"\"The Golden Ass\"\" by Apuleius contains a scene in which the goddess Isis, who is identified with Venus, instructs the main character, Lucius, who has been transformed into a donkey, to eat rose petals from a crown of roses worn by a priest as part of a religious procession in order to regain his humanity. Following the Christianization of the Roman Empire, the rose became identified with the Virgin Mary. The rose symbol eventually led to the creation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18544650",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (symbolism)\"\nthe seizure of the crown by Earl of Richmond (who became Henry VII of England, the founder the Tudor dynasty), using the \"\"red rose\"\" as an allegory for Henry. The England national rugby union team and Rugby Football Union adopted the red rose as their symbol in 1871, and the rose has appeared on players' kit ever since. In 1986, the rose was adopted as the national floral emblem of the United States. It is the state flower of five U.S. states: Portland, Oregon has counted \"\"City of Roses\"\" among its nicknames (see roses in Portland, Oregon) since 1888, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "93109",
"chunk_text": "\"English rose (epithet)\"\nEnglish rose (epithet) English rose is a description, associated with English culture, that may be applied to a naturally attractive woman or girl of traditionally fair complexion who is from or is associated with England. The description has a cultural reference to the national flower of England, the rose, and to its long tradition within English symbolism. \"\"See also: and 1900–09 in fashion. The term \"\"English rose\"\" is found in \"\"Merrie England\"\" (1902), a comic opera written by Basil Hood. He describes a garden where 'women are the flowers' and in which 'the sweetest blossom' or 'fairest queen' is 'the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19776640",
"chunk_text": "\"Thousand-year Rose\"\nThousand-year Rose The Thousand-year Rose (German: Tausendjähriger Rosenstock, literally: Thousand-years rosebush) is also known as the Rose of Hildesheim. It grows on a wall of the Hildesheim Cathedral, a Catholic cathedral in Hildesheim, Germany, that is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary. The cathedral and the adjacent St. Michael's Church have been on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites since 1985. The rose that climbs on the wall of the cathedral's apse is believed to be the oldest living rose in the world. A \"\"Rosa canina\"\", commonly known as a wild dog rose, grows against the eastern apse of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16361135",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\nname which is no part of thee Take all myself. Romeo: I take thee at thy word: Call me but love, and I'll be new baptized; Henceforth I never will be Romeo. Although it is one of the most famous quotes from the work of Shakespeare, no printing in Shakespeare's lifetime presents the text in the form known to modern readers: it is a skillful amalgam assembled by Edmond Malone, an editor in the eighteenth century. \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\" was published twice, in two very different versions. The first version of 1597, named \"\"Q1\"\", is believed to have been an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16361133",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\nnamed Romeo he would still be handsome and be Juliet's love. This states that if he were not Romeo, then he would not be a Montague and she would be able to get married with no problem at all. In Act II, Scene II of the play, the line is said by Juliet in reference to Romeo's house: Montague. The line implies that his name means nothing and they should be together. Juliet: O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name; Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, And I'll no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2786923",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\nmeaning. The solution to the central murder mystery hinges on the contents of Aristotle's book on Comedy, which has been lost. In spite of this, Eco speculates on the content and has the characters react to it. Through the motif of this lost and possibly suppressed book which might have aestheticized the farcical, the unheroic and the skeptical, Eco also makes an ironically slanted plea for tolerance and against dogmatic or self-sufficient metaphysical truths—an angle which reaches the surface in the final chapters. \"\"The Name of the Rose\"\" has been described as a work of postmodernism. The quote in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13274908",
"chunk_text": "Aidalai\nand was dedicated to his ex-girlfriend, the writer Coloma Fernández Armero. \"\"Tú\"\" (\"\"You\"\"), a sensitive song by José María Cano, is also included. José María Cano's song \"\"Una rosa es una rosa\"\" (\"\"A rose is a rose\"\") was inspired by the famous sentences of the writer Gertrude Stein: Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose and the video won in the category of \"\"Best National Video of the Year\"\" in the Ondas Awards and the Lo Nuestro Award for Video of the Year. Aidalai sold 1,000,000 copies in Spain and 3,500,000 worldwide. Tracks: This edition was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7129168",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Schneiderman\"\nFranklin D. Roosevelt. She is credited with coining the phrase \"\"Bread and Roses,\"\" to indicate a worker’s right to something higher than subsistence living. Rose Schneiderman was born Rachel Schneiderman on April 6, 1882, the first of four children of a religious Jewish family, in the village of Sawin, 14 kilometres (9 miles) north of Chełm in Russian Poland. Her parents, Samuel and Deborah (Rothman) Schneiderman, worked in the sewing trades. Schneiderman first went to Hebrew school, normally reserved for boys, in Sawin, and then to a Russian public school in Chełm. In 1890 the family migrated to New York",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "786650",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (given name)\"\nRose (given name) Rose is a given female name. It is a late Latin name derived from \"\"rosa\"\", meaning \"\"rose\"\". Nicknames are Rosa, Rosalie, Rosina, Rosaria, Rosie. Similar names are Rosanna, Roseanne, Rosamunde. Rose was originally a Norman form of a German name Hrodheid, composed of the words Hrod (\"\"fame\"\") and Heid (\"\"kind\"\", \"\"type\"\"). It was originally spelled (by the Normans) Roese or Rohese. It was used in England, Italy, and France throughout the Middle Ages, and its popularity increased during the 19th century while still regarded as being a flower name. The name of the flower has the etymology",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10498792",
"chunk_text": "\"Blue rose\"\na stem. The company announced the North American sales would commence in the fall of 2011. In some cultures, blue roses are traditionally associated with \"\"blue\"\" royal blood, and thus the blue rose can also denote regal majesty and splendor. Due to the absence in nature of blue roses, they have come to symbolise mystery and longing to attain the impossible, with some cultures going so far as to say that the holder of a blue rose will have his/her wishes granted. In literature, they appear in Tennessee Williams' play \"\"The Glass Menagerie\"\", with Jim nicknaming Laura \"\"Blue Roses\"\" after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6674316",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (symbolism)\"\nsaint of the Catalonia region; as the \"\"dia dels enamorats\"\" (lovers' day), on which lovers exchange blood-red roses. The rose is the national flower of England, a usage dating back to the English civil wars of the fifteenth century (later called Wars of the Roses), in which a red rose represented the House of Lancaster, and a white rose represented the House of York. The Tudor dynasty created the Tudor rose, which united both the white and the red roses, a symbolism dramatized by Shakespeare in his play \"\"Richard III\"\". The traditional ballad \"\"The Rose of England\"\" (Child 166) recounts",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19046064",
"chunk_text": "\"Bread and Roses\"\nBread and Roses \"\"Bread and Roses\"\" is a political slogan as well as the name of an associated poem and song. It originated from a speech given by Rose Schneiderman; a line in that speech (\"\"The worker must have bread, but she must have roses, too.\"\") inspired the title of the poem \"\"Bread and Roses\"\" by James Oppenheim. The poem was first published in \"\"The American Magazine\"\" in December 1911, with the attribution line \"\"Bread for all, and Roses, too'—a slogan of the women in the West.\"\" The poem has been translated into other languages and has been set to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5439628",
"chunk_text": "\"Garden roses\"\nroses was named after the Duchess of Portland who received (from Italy about 1775) a rose then known as \"\"R. paestana\"\" or 'Scarlet Four Seasons' Rose' (now known simply as 'The Portland Rose'). The whole class of Portland roses was developed from that one rose. The first repeat-flowering class of rose with fancy European-style blossoms, the plants tend to be fairly short and shrubby, with a suckering habit, with proportionately short flower stalks. The main flowering is in the summer, but intermittent flowers continue into the autumn. Examples: 'James Veitch', 'Rose de Rescht', 'Comte de Chambord'. The China roses, based",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13721576",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose (heraldry)\"\nOr.\"\" Some variations on the rose have been used. Roses may appear with a stem, in which case they are described as \"\"slipped\"\" or \"\"stalked\"\". A rose with a stalk and leaves may also be referred to as a \"\"damask rose\"\", stalked and leaved, as appearing on the Canting arms of the House of Rossetti. Rose branches, slips, and leaves have occasionally appeared in arms alone, without the flower. A combination of two roses, one within the other, is termed a \"\"double rose\"\", famously used by the Tudors. A rose sometimes appears surrounded by rays, which makes it a \"\"rose-en-soleil\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3520961",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosa Peace\"\n(Italian for \"\"joy\"\"), in Germany (Latin for \"\"glory of God\"\") and in the US, Sweden, and Norway . The rose eventually became known as . In early 1945 rose grower Meilland wrote to Field Marshal Alan Brooke (later Viscount Alanbrooke) to thank him for his key part in the liberation of France and to ask if Brooke would give his name to the rose. Brooke declined saying that, though he was honored to be asked, his name would soon be forgotten and a much better and more enduring name would be \"\"Peace\"\". The adoption of the trade name \"\"Peace\"\" was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15588937",
"chunk_text": "\"Viola odorata\"\nby serpents. Eventually, he was discovered by passing shepherds who named him Iamus after the violet (\"\"ion\"\") bed. The goddess Persephone and her companion Nymphs were gathering rose, crocus, violet, iris, lily and larkspur blooms in a springtime meadow when she was abducted by the god Hades. \"\"V. odorata\"\" may be the species mentioned in Shakespeare's famous lines: Viola odorata Viola odorata is commonly known as wood violet, sweet violet, English violet, common violet, florist's violet, or garden violet. The plant is known as \"\"Banafsa\"\", \"\"Banafsha\"\" or \"\"Banaksa\"\" in India. \"\"V. odorata\"\" is native to Europe and Asia, but has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "101801",
"chunk_text": "\"Der Rosenkavalier\"\nMarianne, who reports from the window on the Rosenkavalier's elaborate entourage (\"\"In dieser feierlichen Stunde der Prüfung\"\"). Octavian arrives with great pomp, dressed all in silver, and presents the silver rose to Sophie (\"\"Mir ist die Ehre widerfahren...\"\"). She smells it, saying it is as sweet as a greeting from Heaven itself. Octavian, instantly smitten, joins her avowal that they will remember this moment until death. They settle into a chaperoned conversation. Sophie reveals that she already knows Octavian's full name – Octavian Maria Ehrenreich Bonaventura Fernand Hyacinth Rofrano – from studying the catalogue of Austrian nobility to prepare for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7801812",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\nother philosophers are referenced throughout the book, often anachronistically, including Wittgenstein. William of Ockham, who lived during the time at which the novel is set, first put forward the principle known as Ockham's Razor, often summarised as the \"\"dictum\"\" that one should always accept as most likely the simplest explanation that accounts for all the facts (a method used by William of Baskerville in the novel). The book describes monastic life in the 14th century. The action takes place at a Benedictine abbey during the controversy surrounding the Apostolic poverty between branches of Franciscans and Dominicans; (see renewed controversy on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8705343",
"chunk_text": "Rose\nancient Greece, the rose was closely associated with the goddess Aphrodite. In the \"\"Iliad\"\", Aphrodite protects the body of Hector using the \"\"immortal oil of the rose\"\" and the archaic Greek lyric poet Ibycus praises a beautiful youth saying that Aphrodite nursed him \"\"among rose blossoms\"\". The second-century AD Greek travel writer Pausanias associates the rose with the story of Adonis and states that the rose is red because Aphrodite wounded herself on one of its thorns and stained the flower red with her blood. Book Eleven of the ancient Roman novel \"\"The Golden Ass\"\" by Apuleius contains a scene",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16674920",
"chunk_text": "\"Miracle of the roses\"\nand used for medicinal purposes. It became a symbol in religious writing and iconography in different images and settings, to invoke a variety of intellectual and emotional responses. The mystic rose appears in Dante's \"\"Divine Comedy\"\", where it represents God's love. By the twelfth century, the red rose had come to represent Christ's passion, and the blood of the martyrs. The most common association of the rose is with the Virgin Mary. The third-century Saint Ambrose believed that there were roses in the Garden of Eden, initially without thorns, but which became thorny after the fall, and came to symbolize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "158773",
"chunk_text": "Rose\nRose A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds. Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa. Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20647020",
"chunk_text": "\"Angelus Silesius\"\nof all I have said tonight — except that I have said it by means of reasoning and simulated reasoning. I will say it first in Spanish and then in German: The line he quoted, \"\"Die Rose ist ohne warum; sie blühet, weil sie blühet...\"\" from Silesius's \"\"The Cherubinic Pilgrim\"\" (1657), can be translated as: \"\"The Rose is without a 'wherefor'—she blooms because she blooms.\"\" The influence of mysticism is seen in the work of Borges, especially in his poetry, which frequently references Silesius and his work. This same line was often referenced in the work of Martin Heidegger (1889–1976)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17988955",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose of Sharon\"\nit simply as \"\"the flower of the field\"\" (Septuagint \"\"\"\"ἐγὼ ἄνθος τοῦ πεδίου\"\"\"\", Vulgate \"\"\"\"ego flos campi\"\"\"\",Wiclif \"\"a flower of the field\"\"). Contrariwise, the Hebrew word \"\"ḥăḇatzeleṯ\"\" occurs two times in the scriptures: in the Song, and in Isaiah 35:1, which reads, \"\"the desert shall bloom like the rose.\"\" The word is translated \"\"rose\"\" in KJV, but is rendered variously as \"\"lily\"\" (Septuagint \"\"\"\"κρίνον\"\"\"\", Vulgate \"\"\"\"lilium\"\"\"\", Wiclif \"\"lily\"\"), \"\"jonquil\"\" (Jerusalem Bible) and \"\"crocus\"\" (RSV). Varying scholars have suggested that the biblical \"\"rose of Sharon\"\" may be one of the following plants: According to an annotation of \"\"Song of Solomon\"\" 2:1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1944707",
"chunk_text": "\"The Name of the Rose\"\nThe name of the central character, William of Baskerville, alludes both to the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes (compare \"\"The Hound of the Baskervilles\"\" – also, Adso's description of William in the beginning of the book resembles, almost word for word, Dr. Watson's description of Sherlock Holmes when he first makes his acquaintance in \"\"A Study in Scarlet\"\") and to William of Ockham (see the next section). The name of the narrator, his apprentice Adso of Melk is among other things a pun on Simplicio from Galileo Galilei's \"\"Dialogue\"\"; Adso deriving from \"\"ad Simplicio\"\" (\"\"to Simplicio\"\"). Adso's putative place of origin,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19211079",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\na man’ could be reconnected into verse through correction with Q1. Modern editors have generally concurred. A rose by any other name would smell as sweet \"\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\" is a popular reference to William Shakespeare's play \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\", in which Juliet seems to argue that it does not matter that Romeo is from her family's rival house of Montague, that is, that he is named \"\"Montague\"\". The reference is often used to imply that the names of things do not affect what they really are. This formulation is, however, a paraphrase",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16361134",
"chunk_text": "\"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet\"\nlonger be a Capulet Romeo: [Aside] Shall I hear more, or shall I speak at this? Juliet: 'Tis but thy name that is my enemy; Thou art thyself, though not a Montague. What's Montague? It is nor hand, nor foot, Nor arm, nor face, nor any other part Belonging to a man. O, be some other name! What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other word would smell as sweet; So Romeo would, were he not Romeo call'd, Retain that dear perfection which he owes Without that title. Romeo, doff thy name, And for that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15870715",
"chunk_text": "\"An Unofficial Rose\"\nthe novel, Hugh is on his way to India for a holiday, accompanying Felix and Felix's older sister Mildred, who is in love with Hugh. The novel's title and epigraph are taken from Rupert Brooke's poem \"\"The Old Vicarage, Grantchester\"\". In the poem, which was written in Berlin in 1912, Brooke contrasts his beloved English countryside with the German city around him. The disciplined German tulips, he says, \"\"bloom in rows\"\", unlike the \"\"unkempt\"\" wild roses in England. Along with its obvious relevance to the rose nursery setting of the book, the title refers to the formlessness of Ann Peronett's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "95431",
"chunk_text": "\"The Rose and the Amaranth\"\nThe Rose and the Amaranth The Rose and the Amaranth is one of Aesop's Fables, numbered 369 in the Perry Index. It stands in contrast to those plant fables like The Oak and the Reed and The Trees and the Bramble in which the protagonists arrogantly debate with each other. In this, however, the lowly amaranth praises the rose for its beauty and reputation and is answered, equally humbly, that a rose's life is brief while the amaranth (the name of which means literally 'the undying flower') is everlasting. In Classical times there were only Greek versions of the story",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15251928",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Hills, Los Angeles\"\nwood roses (\"\"Rosa californica\"\") growing along/around the creek. In a Pacific Ocean expedition in 1602, the first record of 'Rosa de Castilla' was coined by Padre Antonio de la Ascension, as noted in his voyage log. During the Spanish Exploration led by Gasper de Portola in 1769, the people traveled through the area and made several notes about the abundant amount of roses they saw during the expedition. Padre Junipero Serra also made a kind remark in his diary — that they had \"\"met the Queen of them all, the 'Rosa de Castilla'\"\". After the founding of \"\"El Pueblo de",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9025910",
"chunk_text": "\"Shakespeare garden\"\n\"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\", \"\"What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.\"\" is Ophelia's speech from \"\"Hamlet\"\": Shakespeare also uses plants for historic symbolism, such as the plucking of red and white roses in \"\"Henry VI, Part I\"\" to foreshadow the dynastic struggle known as the Wars of the Roses that would end the king's reign. All the plants Shakespeare names in his plays are mentioned in classical medical texts or medieval herbal manuals. An early Shakespeare garden was added in the anniversary year 1916 to Central Park, New York City.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_452
|
who proposed the first accurate model of dna?
|
n/a
|
[
"Watson",
"Crick"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15758115",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\nwell as other data from Rosalind Franklin and her information that the bases were paired, James Watson and Francis Crick arrived at the first accurate model of DNA's molecular structure in 1953, which was accepted through inspection by Rosalind Franklin. The discovery was announced on February 28, 1953; the first Watson/Crick paper appeared in \"\"Nature\"\" on April 25, 1953. Sir Lawrence Bragg, the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, where Watson and Crick worked, gave a talk at Guy's Hospital Medical School in London on Thursday, May 14, 1953 which resulted in an article by Ritchie Calder in the \"\"News Chronicle\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554616",
"chunk_text": "DNA\ncoworkers Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty, identified DNA as the transforming principle, supporting Griffith's suggestion (Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment). DNA's role in heredity was confirmed in 1952 when Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase in the Hershey–Chase experiment showed that DNA is the genetic material of the T2 phage. Late in 1951, Francis Crick started working with James Watson at the Cavendish Laboratory within the University of Cambridge. In 1953, Watson and Crick suggested what is now accepted as the first correct double-helix model of DNA structure in the journal \"\"Nature\"\". Their double-helix, molecular model of DNA was then based on one X-ray",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5433662",
"chunk_text": "\"DNA sequencing\"\n1953, James Watson and Francis Crick put forward their double-helix model of DNA, based on crystallized X-ray structures being studied by Rosalind Franklin – and without crediting her. According to the model, DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides coiled around each other, linked together by hydrogen bonds and running in opposite directions. Each strand is composed of four complementary nucleotides – adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) – with an A on one strand always paired with T on the other, and C always paired with G. They proposed such a structure allowed each strand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "917950",
"chunk_text": "DNA\narchaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within eukaryotic chromosomes, chromatin proteins, such as histones, compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed. DNA was first isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. Its molecular structure was first identified by James Watson and Francis Crick at the Cavendish Laboratory within the University of Cambridge in 1953, whose model-building efforts were guided by X-ray diffraction data acquired by Raymond Gosling, who was a post-graduate student of Rosalind Franklin. DNA is used by researchers as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4806174",
"chunk_text": "Life\ntheir DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within the chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed. DNA was first isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. Its molecular structure was identified by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, whose model-building efforts were guided by X-ray diffraction data acquired by Rosalind Franklin. Life is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6746158",
"chunk_text": "\"Molecular models of DNA\"\nthe sharpest pictures of both through X-ray diffraction technique. The first calculations of the Fourier transform of an atomic helix were reported one year earlier by Cochran, Crick and Vand, and were followed in 1953 by the computation of the Fourier transform of a coiled-coil by Crick. Structural information is generated from X-ray diffraction studies of oriented DNA fibers with the help of molecular models of DNA that are combined with crystallographic and mathematical analysis of the X-ray patterns. The first reports of a double helix molecular model of B-DNA structure were made by James Watson and Francis Crick in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11621705",
"chunk_text": "\"Nucleic acid double helix\"\nof DNA labeled as \"\"Photo 51\"\", from Rosalind Franklin in 1952, followed by her more clarified DNA image with Raymond Gosling, Maurice Wilkins, Alexander Stokes, and Herbert Wilson, and base-pairing chemical and biochemical information by Erwin Chargaff. The prior model was triple-stranded DNA. The realization that the structure of DNA is that of a double-helix elucidated the mechanism of base pairing by which genetic information is stored and copied in living organisms and is widely considered one of the most important scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Crick, Wilkins, and Watson each received one third of the 1962 Nobel Prize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6746157",
"chunk_text": "\"Molecular models of DNA\"\nsimulations that are very important to understand how DNA functions \"\"in vivo\"\". From the very early stages of structural studies of DNA by X-ray diffraction and biochemical means, molecular models such as the Watson-Crick nucleic acid double helix model were successfully employed to solve the 'puzzle' of DNA structure, and also find how the latter relates to its key functions in living cells. The first high quality X-ray diffraction patterns of A-DNA were reported by Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling in 1953. Rosalind Franklin made the critical observation that DNA exists in two distinct forms, A and B, and produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6746159",
"chunk_text": "\"Molecular models of DNA\"\n1953. That same year, Maurice F. Wilkins, A. Stokes and H.R. Wilson, reported the first X-ray patterns of \"\"in vivo\"\" B-DNA in partially oriented salmon sperm heads. The development of the first correct double helix molecular model of DNA by Crick and Watson may not have been possible without the biochemical evidence for the nucleotide base-pairing ([A---T]; [C---G]), or Chargaff's rules. Although such initial studies of DNA structures with the help of molecular models were essentially static, their consequences for explaining the \"\"in vivo\"\" functions of DNA were significant in the areas of protein biosynthesis and the quasi-universality of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1890893",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Donohue\"\nJerry Donohue Jerry Donohue (June 12, 1920 – February 13, 1985) was an American theoretical and physical chemist. He is best remembered for steering James D. Watson and Francis Crick towards the correct structure of DNA with some crucial information. Donohue was born in Sheboygan, Wisconsin and studied for his first two degrees at Dartmouth College, where he earned his A.B. in 1941 and his M.A. in 1943. He worked on his PhD under Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), earning his doctorate in 1947. Donohue remained at Caltech until 1952. Throughout his life Donohue specialized in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554613",
"chunk_text": "DNA\naccording to the nucleotide they have read. DNA was first isolated by the Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher who, in 1869, discovered a microscopic substance in the pus of discarded surgical bandages. As it resided in the nuclei of cells, he called it \"\"nuclein\"\". In 1878, Albrecht Kossel isolated the non-protein component of \"\"nuclein\"\", nucleic acid, and later isolated its five primary nucleobases. In 1909, Phoebus Levene identified the base, sugar, and phosphate nucleotide unit of the RNA (then named \"\"yeast nucleic acid\"\"). In 1929, Levene identified deoxyribose sugar in \"\"thymus nucleic acid\"\" (DNA). Levene suggested that DNA consisted of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7486105",
"chunk_text": "\"History of biology\"\nwas likely the genetic material of the chromosome, not its protein; the issue was settled decisively with the 1952 Hershey–Chase experiment—one of many contributions from the so-called phage group centered around physicist-turned-biologist Max Delbrück. In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick, building on the work of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin, suggested that the structure of DNA was a double helix. In their famous paper \"\"Molecular structure of Nucleic Acids\"\", Watson and Crick noted coyly, \"\"It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material.\"\" After the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "581426",
"chunk_text": "\"Erwin Chargaff\"\nErwin Chargaff Erwin Chargaff (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian biochemist who immigrated to the United States during the Nazi era and was a professor of biochemistry at Columbia University medical school. Through careful experimentation, Chargaff discovered two rules that helped lead to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA. The first rule was that in DNA the number of guanine units is equal to the number of cytosine units, and the number of adenine units is equal to the number of thymine units. This hinted at the base pair makeup of DNA. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6036805",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosalind Franklin\"\ntheir first incorrect model. In February 1953, Francis Crick and James Watson of the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge University had started to build a molecular model of the B form of DNA using data similar to that available to both teams at King's. Much of their data was derived directly from research done at King's by Wilkins and Franklin. Franklin's research was completed by February 1953, ahead of her move to Birkbeck, and her data was critical. Model building had been applied successfully in the elucidation of the structure of the alpha helix by Linus Pauling in 1951, but Franklin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554618",
"chunk_text": "DNA\nthe same issue of \"\"Nature\"\". Of these, Franklin and Gosling's paper was the first publication of their own X-ray diffraction data and original analysis method that partly supported the Watson and Crick model; this issue also contained an article on DNA structure by Maurice Wilkins and two of his colleagues, whose analysis and \"\"in vivo\"\" B-DNA X-ray patterns also supported the presence \"\"in vivo\"\" of the double-helical DNA configurations as proposed by Crick and Watson for their double-helix molecular model of DNA in the prior two pages of \"\"Nature\"\". In 1962, after Franklin's death, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11108427",
"chunk_text": "Genetics\nmolecule responsible for inheritance. James Watson and Francis Crick determined the structure of DNA in 1953, using the X-ray crystallography work of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins that indicated DNA has a helical structure (i.e., shaped like a corkscrew). Their double-helix model had two strands of DNA with the nucleotides pointing inward, each matching a complementary nucleotide on the other strand to form what look like rungs on a twisted ladder. This structure showed that genetic information exists in the sequence of nucleotides on each strand of DNA. The structure also suggested a simple method for replication: if the strands",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14875232",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\npreviously thought. He essentially redid Frederick Griffith's experiment. In 1953, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase did an experiment (Hershey–Chase experiment) that showed, in T2 phage, that DNA is the genetic material (Hershey shared the Nobel prize with Luria). In the 1950s, three groups made it their goal to determine the structure of DNA. The first group to start was at King's College London and was led by Maurice Wilkins and was later joined by Rosalind Franklin. Another group consisting of Francis Crick and James Watson was at Cambridge. A third group was at Caltech and was led by Linus Pauling.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19334979",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice Wilkins\"\ntold them about his results. This information from Wilkins, along with additional information gained by Watson when he heard Franklin talk about her research during a King's College research meeting, stimulated Watson and Crick to create their first molecular model of DNA, a model with the phosphate backbones at the center. Upon viewing the model of the proposed structure, Franklin told Watson and Crick that it was wrong. Franklin based this on two observations. First, experiments by J.M. Gulland showed that the CO- and NH groups of the bases could not be titrated, and so were probably inaccessible. Secondly, crystallographic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15920198",
"chunk_text": "\"Triple-stranded DNA\"\nwas a common hypothesis in the 1950s when scientists were struggling to discover DNA's true structural form. Watson and Crick (who later won the Nobel Prize for their double-helix model) originally considered a triple-helix model, as did Pauling and Corey, who published a proposal for their triple-helix model in 1953, as well as fellow scientist Fraser. However, Watson and Crick soon identified several problems with these models: Fraser's model differed from Pauling and Corey's in that in his model the phosphates are on the outside and the bases are on the inside, linked together by hydrogen bonds. However, Watson and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "822396",
"chunk_text": "\"DNA sequencing\"\na particular modification, e.g., the 5mC (5 methyl cytosine) common in humans, may or may not be detected. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was first discovered and isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869, but it remained understudied for many decades because proteins, rather than DNA, were thought to hold the genetic blueprint to life. This situation changed after 1944 as a result of some experiments by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty demonstrating that purified DNA could change one strain of bacteria into another. This was the first time that DNA was shown capable of transforming the properties of cells. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17774130",
"chunk_text": "\"Steven A. Benner\"\nuses synthetic iso-C/iso-G DNA which uses the synthetic DNA codon [iso-C/A/G] which he calls the 65th codon. Synthetic mRNA with synthetic anti-codon [iso-G/U/C] with synthetic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase results in an \"\"in vivo\"\" experiment that can code for a synthetic amino acid incorporated into synthetic polypeptides (synthetic proteomics). Benner has used synthetic organic chemistry and biophysics to create a \"\"second generation\"\" model for nucleic acid structure. The first generation model of DNA was proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick, based on crystallized X-ray structures being studied by Rosalind Franklin. According to the double-helix model, DNA is composed of two complementary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4744810",
"chunk_text": "Gene\nwas studied by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins using X-ray crystallography, which led James D. Watson and Francis Crick to publish a model of the double-stranded DNA molecule whose paired nucleotide bases indicated a compelling hypothesis for the mechanism of genetic replication. In the early 1950s the prevailing view was that the genes in a chromosome acted like discrete entities, indivisible by recombination and arranged like beads on a string. The experiments of Benzer using mutants defective in the rII region of bacteriophage T4 (1955-1959) showed that individual genes have a simple linear structure and are likely to be equivalent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554617",
"chunk_text": "DNA\ndiffraction image (labeled as \"\"Photo 51\"\") taken by Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling in May 1952, and the information that the DNA bases are paired. On 28 February 1953 Crick interrupted patrons' lunchtime at The Eagle pub in Cambridge to announce that he and Watson had \"\"discovered the secret of life\"\". Months earlier, in February 1953, Linus Pauling and Robert Corey proposed a model for nucleic acids containing three intertwined chains, with the phosphates near the axis, and the bases on the outside. Experimental evidence supporting the Watson and Crick model was published in a series of five articles in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11465843",
"chunk_text": "\"Non-helical models of DNA structure\"\nthe top of this article, or there could be an equal number of right-handed and left-handed twists, as in the Rodley structure below. The abbreviation \"\"TN\"\", to be used to refer to any DNA structure whose strands are topologically non-linked, has been proposed. The double-helix model of DNA structure was first published in the journal \"\"Nature\"\" by James D. Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 with further details in 1954.) Their work was based upon the crucial X-ray diffraction image of DNA - labeled as \"\"Photo 51\"\" - from Rosalind Franklin in 1952, followed by her more highly clarified DNA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14875235",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\nmodeling efforts of Watson and Crick. In their modeling, Watson and Crick restricted themselves to what they saw as chemically and biologically reasonable. Still, the breadth of possibilities was very wide. A breakthrough occurred in 1952, when Erwin Chargaff visited Cambridge and inspired Crick with a description of experiments Chargaff had published in 1947. Chargaff had observed that the proportions of the four nucleotides vary between one DNA sample and the next, but that for particular pairs of nucleotides — adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine — the two nucleotides are always present in equal proportions. Using X-ray diffraction, as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554615",
"chunk_text": "DNA\nsystem provided the first clear suggestion that DNA carries genetic information. In 1933, while studying virgin sea urchin eggs, Jean Brachet suggested that DNA is found in the cell nucleus and that RNA is present exclusively in the cytoplasm. At the time, \"\"yeast nucleic acid\"\" (RNA) was thought to occur only in plants, while \"\"thymus nucleic acid\"\" (DNA) only in animals. The latter was thought to be a tetramer, with the function of buffering cellular pH. In 1937, William Astbury produced the first X-ray diffraction patterns that showed that DNA had a regular structure. In 1943, Oswald Avery, along with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11192686",
"chunk_text": "\"Hershey–Chase experiment\"\nthousands of proteins found in cells. They had made this proposal based on the structural similarity that exists between the two macromolecules: both protein and DNA are linear sequences of monomers (amino acids and nucleotides, respectively). Once the Hershey–Chase experiment was published, the scientific community generally acknowledged that DNA was the genetic code material. This discovery led to a more detailed investigation of DNA to determine its composition as well as its 3D structure. Using X-ray crystallography, the structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick with the help of previously documented experimental evidence by Maurice Wilkins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1320734",
"chunk_text": "\"Rollin Hotchkiss\"\nRollin Hotchkiss Rollin Douglas Hotchkiss (1911 – December 12, 2004) was an American biochemist who helped to establish the role of DNA as the genetic material and contributed to the isolation and purification of the first antibiotics. His work on bacterial transformation helped lay the groundwork for the field of molecular genetics. Hotchkiss was born in South Britain, Connecticut. The son of factory workers, he attended Yale University after scoring the highest in the nation on an achievement test. Hotchkiss earned a B.S. in chemistry in 1932, and remained at Yale for a Ph.D. in organic chemistry. After completing his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15758094",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\nand Edward Tatum demonstrated the existence of a precise relationship between genes and proteins. In the course of their experiments connecting genetics with biochemistry, they switched from the genetics mainstay \"\"Drosophila\"\" to a more appropriate model organism, the fungus \"\"Neurospora\"\"; the construction and exploitation of new model organisms would become a recurring theme in the development of molecular biology. In 1944, Oswald Avery, working at the Rockefeller Institute of New York, demonstrated that genes are made up of DNA(see Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment). In 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed that the genetic material of the bacteriophage, the virus which infects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1434199",
"chunk_text": "\"Florence Bell (scientist)\"\nThe importance of Bell's work on DNA is that, although today we know that several features of her proposed model are incorrect, it nevertheless showed that DNA had a regular, ordered structure that could be studied using X-ray crystallography and so laid the foundations for later work by Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling as well as providing James Watson and Francis Crick with a key measurement - the distance between adjacent bases - when they began their own attempt to build a model of DNA. It is also worth noting that this work was done at a time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7184165",
"chunk_text": "\"Genetics in fiction\"\npreventing supposedly \"\"defective\"\" families with attributes such as profligacy, laziness, immoral behaviour and a tendency to criminality from having children. Molecular biology, the interactions and regulation of genetic materials, began with the identification in 1944 of DNA as the main genetic material; the genetic code and the double helix structure of DNA was determined by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. DNA sequencing, the identification of an exact sequence of genetic information in an organism, was developed in 1977 by Frederick Sanger. Genetic engineering, the modification of the genetic material of a live organism, became possible in 1972 when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4024744",
"chunk_text": "\"Alex Stokes\"\nAlex Stokes Alexander (Alec) Rawson Stokes (27 June 1919 – 5 February 2003) was a co-author of the second of the three papers published sequentially in \"\"Nature\"\" on 25 April 1953 announcing the presumed molecular structure of DNA. The first was authored by Francis Crick and James Watson, and the third by Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1962 to Crick, Watson, and Wilkins for this work. In 1993, on the 40th anniversary of the publication of the molecular structure of DNA, a plaque was erected in the Quad (courtyard) of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8586916",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\nbacteria, is made up of DNA (see Hershey–Chase experiment). In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helical structure of the DNA molecule. In 1961, François Jacob and Jacques Monod demonstrated that the products of certain genes regulated the expression of other genes by acting upon specific sites at the edge of those genes. They also hypothesized the existence of an intermediary between DNA and its protein products, which they called messenger RNA. Between 1961 and 1965, the relationship between the information contained in DNA and the structure of proteins was determined: there is a code, the genetic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1054981",
"chunk_text": "\"Scientific method\"\ndone by the person who made the prediction, and the characterization is based on experiments done by someone else. Published results of experiments can also serve as a hypothesis predicting their own reproducibility. After considerable fruitless experimentation, being discouraged by their superior from continuing, and numerous false starts, Watson and Crick were able to infer the essential structure of DNA by concrete modeling of the physical shapes of the nucleotides which comprise it. They were guided by the bond lengths which had been deduced by Linus Pauling and by Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction images. ..\"\"DNA Example\"\" Science is a social",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1890906",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Donohue\"\n(1985).<br> A.B. Smith, III, J.L. Wood, C.J. Rizzo, G.T. Furst, P.J. Carroll, J. Donohue and S. Oreurn, (+)-Hitachimycin: stereochemistry and conformational analysis. \"\"J. Am. Chem. Soc.\"\", 114, 8003-8007 (1992). Samples of correspondence: Jerry Donohue Jerry Donohue (June 12, 1920 – February 13, 1985) was an American theoretical and physical chemist. He is best remembered for steering James D. Watson and Francis Crick towards the correct structure of DNA with some crucial information. Donohue was born in Sheboygan, Wisconsin and studied for his first two degrees at Dartmouth College, where he earned his A.B. in 1941 and his M.A. in 1943.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11264142",
"chunk_text": "\"James Watson\"\nJames Watson James Dewey Watson, KBE (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick. Watson, Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \"\"for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material\"\". Watson earned degrees at the University of Chicago (BS, 1947) and Indiana University (PhD, 1950). Following a post-doctoral year at the University of Copenhagen with Herman Kalckar and Ole Maaloe, later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5957372",
"chunk_text": "\"Solenoid (DNA)\"\nSolenoid (DNA) The solenoid structure of chromatin is a model for the structure of the 30 nm fibre. It is a secondary chromatin structure which helps to package eukaryotic DNA into the nucleus. Chromatin was first discovered by Walther Flemming by using aniline dyes to stain it. In 1974, it was first proposed by Roger Kornberg that chromatin was based on a repeating unit of a histone octamer and around 200 base pairs of DNA. The solenoid model was first proposed by John Finch and Aaron Klug in 1976. They used electron microscopy images and X-ray diffraction patterns to determine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20622943",
"chunk_text": "\"History of genetics\"\ncode for specific proteins, leading to the \"\"one gene, one enzyme\"\" hypothesis. Oswald Avery, Colin Munro MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty showed in 1944 that DNA holds the gene's information. In 1952, Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling produced a strikingly clear x-ray diffraction pattern indicating a helical form, and in 1953, James D. Watson and Francis Crick demonstrated the molecular structure of DNA. Together, these discoveries established the central dogma of molecular biology, which states that proteins are translated from RNA which is transcribed by DNA. This dogma has since been shown to have exceptions, such as reverse transcription in retroviruses.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7523825",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Crick\"\nFrancis Crick Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 with Rosalind Franklin and James Watson. Together with Watson and Maurice Wilkins, he was jointly awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \"\"for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material\"\". The results were based partly on fundamental studies done by Rosalind Franklin, Raymond Gosling and Wilkins. Crick was an important theoretical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "334096",
"chunk_text": "\"Eukaryotic chromosome structure\"\nfold and pack the fine thread of DNA into a more compact structure. The nucleosome consists of a DNA double helix bound to an octamer of core histones (2 dimers of H2A and H2B, and an H3/H4 tetramer). About 147 base pairs of DNA coil around 1 octamer, and ~20 base pairs are sequestered by the addition of the linker histone (H1), and various length of \"\"linker\"\" DNA (~0-100 bp) separate the nucleosomes. The double helix was discovered in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick. Other researchers made very important, but unconnected findings about the composition of DNA. But",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16084962",
"chunk_text": "\"Linus Pauling\"\nshowed evidence for a helix and planar base stacking along the helix axis. Early in 1953 Watson and Crick proposed a correct structure for the DNA double helix. Pauling later cited several reasons to explain how he had been misled about the structure of DNA, among them misleading density data and the lack of high quality X-ray diffraction photographs. During the time Pauling was researching the problem, Rosalind Franklin in England was creating the world's best images. They were key to Watson's and Crick's success. Pauling did not see them before devising his mistaken DNA structure, although his assistant Robert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8096031",
"chunk_text": "\"Sven Furberg\"\nSven Furberg Sven Verner Furberg (16 April 1920 – 15 March 1983) was a Norwegian chemist, biologist and crystallographer who first proposed the helical structure of DNA. Furberg suggested this structure in 1949, which he referred to as a \"\"zig-zag\"\" chain. In 1952, his structure of DNA was published in the journal Acta Chemica Scandinavica. In this paper, he deduced that DNA forms a double helix from the crystal structure and density value of nucleosides and other related molecules. A year later, this paper was cited by James Watson and Francis Crick in \"\"Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "334097",
"chunk_text": "\"Eukaryotic chromosome structure\"\nit was up to Watson and Crick to put all of those findings together to come up with a model for DNA. Later, chemist Alexander Todd determined that the backbone of a DNA molecule contained repeating phosphate and deoxyribose sugar groups. The biochemist Erwin Chargaff found that adenine and thymine always paired while cytosine and guanine always paired. High resolution X-ray images of DNA that were obtained by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin suggested a helical, or corkscrew like shape. Packaging of DNA is facilitated by the electrostatic charge distribution: phosphate groups cause DNA to have a negative charge, whilst",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15554619",
"chunk_text": "DNA\nthe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Nobel Prizes are awarded only to living recipients. A debate continues about who should receive credit for the discovery. In an influential presentation in 1957, Crick laid out the central dogma of molecular biology, which foretold the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins, and articulated the \"\"adaptor hypothesis\"\". Final confirmation of the replication mechanism that was implied by the double-helical structure followed in 1958 through the Meselson–Stahl experiment. Further work by Crick and coworkers showed that the genetic code was based on non-overlapping triplets of bases, called codons, allowing Har Gobind Khorana, Robert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15115779",
"chunk_text": "\"Julius Marmur\"\nJulius Marmur Julius Marmur (March 22, 1926 – May 20, 1996, aged 70) was an American molecular biologist who made significant contributions to DNA research. His discovery, while working in the laboratory of Paul Doty at Harvard University, that the denaturation of DNA was reversible (DNA hybridization) and depended on salt- and GC-content, had a major impact on how scientists thought about DNA, and how DNA could be handled \"\"in vitro.\"\" This discovery was a cornerstone of the recombinant DNA revolution. DNA strand recombination was observed using bacterial DNA; monitoring absorbance-temperature curves, density-gradient ultracentrifugation and by direct inspection using electron",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5957383",
"chunk_text": "\"Solenoid (DNA)\"\nthan nucleosomes, whilst prokaryotes package their DNA through supercoiling. Solenoid (DNA) The solenoid structure of chromatin is a model for the structure of the 30 nm fibre. It is a secondary chromatin structure which helps to package eukaryotic DNA into the nucleus. Chromatin was first discovered by Walther Flemming by using aniline dyes to stain it. In 1974, it was first proposed by Roger Kornberg that chromatin was based on a repeating unit of a histone octamer and around 200 base pairs of DNA. The solenoid model was first proposed by John Finch and Aaron Klug in 1976. They used",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4560718",
"chunk_text": "\"History of genetic engineering\"\nthe first evidence of hereditary segregation and independent assortment. In 1889 Hugo de Vries came up with the name \"\"(pan)gene\"\" after postulating that particles are responsible for inheritance of characteristics and the term \"\"genetics\"\" was coined by William Bateson in 1905. In 1928 Frederick Griffith proved the existence of a \"\"transforming principle\"\" involved in inheritance, which Avery, MacLeod and McCarty later (1944) identified as DNA. Edward Lawrie Tatum and George Wells Beadle developed the central dogma that genes code for proteins in 1941. The double helix structure of DNA was identified by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8971170",
"chunk_text": "\"Nirenberg and Matthaei experiment\"\nanother. These experiments helped pave the way for the discovery of the structure of DNA. In 1953, with the help of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed DNA is structured as a double helix. In the 1960s, one main DNA mystery scientists needed to figure out was the number of bases found in each code word, or codon, during transcription. Scientists knew there was a total of four bases (guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine). They also knew that were 20 known amino acids. George Gamow suggested that the genetic code was made of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "887996",
"chunk_text": "\"Phi X 174\"\nPhi X 174 The phi X 174 (or ΦX174) bacteriophage is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) virus that infects \"\"Escherichia coli\"\", and the first DNA-based genome to be sequenced. This work was completed by Fred Sanger and his team in 1977. In 1962, Walter Fiers and Robert Sinsheimer had already demonstrated the physical, covalently closed circularity of ΦX174 DNA. Nobel prize winner Arthur Kornberg used ΦX174 as a model to first prove that DNA synthesized in a test tube by purified enzymes could produce all the features of a natural virus, ushering in the age of synthetic biology. In 1972-1974, Jerard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14875230",
"chunk_text": "\"History of molecular biology\"\nwould replicate in a semi-conservative fashion using each strand as a template\"\". Max Delbrück, Nikolay Timofeev-Ressovsky, and Karl G. Zimmer published results in 1935 suggesting that chromosomes are very large molecules the structure of which can be changed by treatment with X-rays, and that by so changing their structure it was possible to change the heritable characteristics governed by those chromosomes. In 1937 William Astbury produced the first X-ray diffraction patterns from DNA. He was not able to propose the correct structure but the patterns showed that DNA had a regular structure and therefore it might be possible to deduce",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_453
|
where is the hero golf challenge being played?
|
n/a
|
[
"The Bahamas",
"Albany development in the Bahamas"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2072715",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\nHero World Challenge The Hero World Challenge is a golf tournament hosted by Tiger Woods, which takes place each December. It features a small number (currently 18) of top-ranked golf pros. The tournament is a benefit for the Tiger Woods Foundation. Initially, the tournament had a 16-man field composed of the defending champion, the top 11 available players from the Official World Golf Ranking, and four sponsors exemptions chosen by the Tiger Woods Foundation. In 2008, the field was increased to 18 players, consisting of the most recent winners of the four major PGA tournaments, the top 11 available players",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7908388",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\n2013. In 2014, Hero MotoCorp became the title sponsor. In 2015, the event moved to the Albany development in the Bahamas. The first World Challenge was televised by the USA Network and NBC Sports. It was then covered by USA and ABC Sports from 2000–2006. It has been televised by Golf Channel and a returning NBC since 2007. Hero World Challenge The Hero World Challenge is a golf tournament hosted by Tiger Woods, which takes place each December. It features a small number (currently 18) of top-ranked golf pros. The tournament is a benefit for the Tiger Woods Foundation. Initially,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7908386",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\nLehman won the first event in January. The tournament then moved to December of that year Davis Love III won that event. It has been played in December ever since. The January 2000 event was played at Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona. From December 2000 to 2013, the event took place at Sherwood Country Club, a course designed by Jack Nicklaus, in Thousand Oaks, California. In 2008, Woods did not compete due to knee surgery following his 2008 U.S. Open victory, even though he was the two-time defending champion. He did not play in 2009 due to time spent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13747354",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ally Challenge\"\nan hour of mostly veterans speaking against the sponsorship, the board reversed it vote, initially 6–2–1 before voting switching made it unanimous. Paul Broadhurst was the inaugural 2018 tournament winner with a 15-under-par 201 score to beat Brandt Jobe by two strokes. All three rounds of the tournament was broadcast on the Golf Channel. The Ally Challenge The Ally Challenge is a PGA Tour Champions event at Warwick Hills Golf and Country Club in Grand Blanc Township, Michigan, just south of Flint, which debuted in September 2018. The tournament is sponsored by Grand Blanc-based McLaren Health Care. Detroit-based Ally Financial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7908387",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\naway from golf related to personal matters. Woods returned to the event in 2010. In 2011, Woods won the tournament with a score of −10, defeating Zach Johnson by one shot. Woods made birdie on the final two holes to win; it was his first win in over two years, since the 2009 Australian Masters. It was called the Chevron World Challenge from 2008 through 2011. It previously went by the names Williams World Challenge and Target World Challenge. In 2012, new sponsor Northwestern Mutual was the presenting sponsor instead of a title sponsor. They became the title sponsor in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2072717",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\nmillion. Woods usually donates his prize money to his foundation. Hero World Challenge tournament is preceded by a pro-am competition, in which professional golfers play with amateurs. Hero World Challenge pro-am is usually organized two days before the first round of professional play. \"\"Am-Am outing\"\" takes place on the first day, \"\"Official Pro-Am\"\" on the second day. The access to the pro-am competition is limited only to the tournament partners. The pro-am tournament is closed to public. The amateur participants of the 2016 pro-am included, for instance, Derek Jeter and Tino Martinez. In 2000 the tournament was staged twice Tom",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7908384",
"chunk_text": "\"Hero World Challenge\"\nfrom the Official World Golf Ranking, the defending champion, and two special exemption players selected by the foundation. Prize money won by the players is not included in money rankings on any of the world's professional golf tours, but the tournament is recognized as an unofficial money event by the PGA Tour. Since 2009, the event offers Official World Golf Ranking points. In 2007 the total prize fund was $5.75 million, similar to many official PGA Tour events, which usually have fields of about 150 players. In 2014, the first prize was $1 million, and the total purse was $3.5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13747350",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ally Challenge\"\nThe Ally Challenge The Ally Challenge is a PGA Tour Champions event at Warwick Hills Golf and Country Club in Grand Blanc Township, Michigan, just south of Flint, which debuted in September 2018. The tournament is sponsored by Grand Blanc-based McLaren Health Care. Detroit-based Ally Financial is the title sponsor. Beyond the tournament, the Ally Challenge event includes a pro-am on Wednesday and Thursday, The Ally Challenge Community Concert on Friday and Adidas 5K Challenge run/walk event on Saturday morning. Net proceeds from the tournament were earmarked for Community Foundation of Greater Flint and Junior Achievement of Southeastern Michigan plus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18698618",
"chunk_text": "\"English Challenge\"\nLee. The event was played Stoke by Nayland again in 2011 and 2012. The event returned again in 2016 at the Heythrop Park Resort in Enstone as the Bridgestone Challenge. In 2017, it moved to Luton Hoo and used modified Stableford scoring system. The 2018 event was again at Luton Hoo but returned to the 72-hole stroke play format. English Challenge The English Challenge is a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour, played in England. The event was held for the first time in 1993 as the Collingtree Park Challenge and was played as the Stockley Park Challenge in 1994.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3070242",
"chunk_text": "\"Diamond Resorts Invitational\"\nDiamond Resorts Invitational The Diamond Resorts Invitational was a PGA Tour Champions Challenge Season event and celebrity golf tournament, played at Tranquilo Golf Club at Four Seasons in Orlando, Florida and benefited Florida Hospital for Children. The tournament began as a celebrity-only tournament in 2013 and in 2017, the tournament was made a PGA Tour Champions Challenge Season event. The 2018 event featured a field of 28 Champions Tour and 4 LPGA Tour professionals, and 50 celebrity amateur golfers. The tournament was a no cut 54-hole event, and used the Modified Stableford scoring system. Over the years, the tournament helped",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1396479",
"chunk_text": "\"The Skills Challenge\"\nThe Skills Challenge The Skills Challenge is a men's and women's professional tennis exhibition event, played on outdoor hard courts. Due to be annually beginning March 19 & 20, 2017 at the USTA National Campus in Orlando, FL, United States of America the first edition has been delayed until 2018. The Skills Challenge is a tennis exhibition event that was designed by GF Sports and the creators of the BNP Paribas Showdown at Madison Square Garden that will determine the most skilled players on the men’s and women’s professional tennis tours. The inaugural event was due to be held at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19673165",
"chunk_text": "\"Pros Vs Heroes\"\nJune 2014, the program has raised a large amount of profits in the five games. In the last year, five games have been played in the Pros Vs. Heroes series. The first and second game was played at Toms River North, New Jersey against the Toms River Force and South River Brave. The third game was played in Arizona against the Chandler Police Officers and Fire Department at WestWood High School. Recently, the last two games were played at Seaside Heights, New Jersey during the Jersey Shore Festival where the Pros took on Homeland Security and the Toms River Police",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16772161",
"chunk_text": "\"Nedbank Golf Challenge\"\nNedbank Golf Challenge The Nedbank Golf Challenge, previously known as the Million Dollar Challenge, is an annual men's professional golf tournament played at the Gary Player Country Club in Sun City, North West province, South Africa. It was first played in 1981 and takes place towards the end of the year, in November or December. For many years the tournament was a small-field invitational stroke play event with typically 12 players competing. Since it became a European Tour event in 2013, the field size has increased, to 30 from 2013 to 2015 and to 72 in 2016. Originally it was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13747351",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ally Challenge\"\nadditional charities could participate in the Birdies for Charities fundraising program. Grand Blanc Community Schools benefits by using their parking lots to generate revenue. Previously, the area had the Buick Open from 1958 through 2009 at the Warwick Hills Golf Club, as one of six former PGA Tour sites hosting PGA Tour Champions events. Since that tournament left, the golf club had been looking to get a replace in a PGA Tour Champions event. The main issue was finding a title sponsor. The Ally Challenge was announced by the PGA on August 26, 2017 as a PGA Tour Champions tournament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10114934",
"chunk_text": "\"Jon Rahm\"\nGolf National outside of Paris, France. On 2 December 2018, Rahm won limited-field Hero World Challenge tournament in the Bahamas. Rahm is a supporter of the Basque football team Athletic Bilbao. Rahm lives in Phoenix, Arizona. His nickmane is Rahmbo. Sources: PGA Tour playoff record (1–0) LA = Low amateur<br> CUT = missed the half-way cut \"\"T\"\" indicates a tie for a place QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play<br> \"\"T\"\" = Tied<br> Rahm was an amateur through the 2016 U.S. Open.<br> <nowiki>*</nowiki> \"\"As of the 2018 sesason\"\" Amateur Professional Jon Rahm Jon Rahm",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17763005",
"chunk_text": "\"H.O.P.E Beach Volleyball Charity\"\nteams annually. The tournament brings people from all parts of Canada and the United States. The event also gets extensive media coverage which has helped it grow and spread its cause extensively throughout its history. Since it is a non-profit organization the charity receives most of its resources and funds solely through donations. The tournament is located on Toronto Island, Ontario, Canada. To arrive on the island players and family members must take the Queens Quay Ferry and pay a small fee. The island is relatively small and has been chosen for its short distance from Toronto and its view",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10221145",
"chunk_text": "\"Challenged Athletes Foundation\"\nthe waist down. The following are programs which CAF offers or supports: The Challenged Athletes Foundation holds a number of high-profile fund raising events in order to raise money to support disabled athletes to compete in sports. These include CAF events the San Diego Triathlon Challenge; Million Dollar Challenge; Heroes, Heart and Hope Gala held at the Waldorf Astoria in New York City, Hawaii Revisited; Tour de Cove; Rock on the Green and numerous other events under the banner of Race for a Reason. The Challenged Athletes Foundation has enabled a number of disabled athletes to get to the starting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17983327",
"chunk_text": "\"PGA Tour Golf Team Challenge\"\nPGA Tour Golf Team Challenge PGA Tour Golf Team Challenge is a trackball-based golf arcade game series manufactured by Global VR of San Jose, California. Based on the PC version of EA Sports' \"\"PGA Tour\"\" game, the game is run from a computer within the cabinet which has an Intel Pentium 4 processor and Nvidia GeForce video card. The current - and final - edition of the PGA series is titled PGA Tour Golf ‘Team Challenge’. A player can select from a number of real PGA pro golfers & PGA tour courses in either 9 or 18 holes, against up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18306592",
"chunk_text": "\"Hideki Matsuyama\"\nwon the Hero World Challenge in the Bahamas. In Matsuyama's return to the Waste Management Phoenix Open, he again entered a playoff on Sunday to defend his title, this time against Webb Simpson. On the fourth playoff hole, Matsuyama made birdie to win the tournament for the second time in as many years. After finishing second in the 2017 U.S. Open at Erin Hills, while the top three players in the world at the time (Dustin Johnson, Rory McIlroy and Jason Day) failed to make the cut, Matsuyama reached 2nd in the Official World Golf Ranking, his highest ever, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12253734",
"chunk_text": "\"Kiwi Challenge\"\nKiwi Challenge The Kiwi Challenge was a golf tournament played as part of the PGA Tour's Challenge Season. It was played in New Zealand. The 36-hole tournament began in 2008 with a four-man field of Anthony Kim, Hunter Mahan, Adam Scott and Brandt Snedeker. It aired in December on NBC and was played on the courses Kauri Cliffs and Cape Kidnappers over two days. The purse was $2.6 million with $1.5 million going to the winner (second: $500,000, third: $350,000, fourth: $250,000). The 2008 event was won by Hunter Mahan. The 2009 event was played November 10–11 and aired on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9420682",
"chunk_text": "\"Fred Meyer Challenge\"\nFred Meyer Challenge The Fred Meyer Challenge was a charity golf tournament played in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon. Held from 1986 to 2002, it was organized by Portland native and PGA Tour golfer Peter Jacobsen and sponsored by the then locally owned hypermarket chain Fred Meyer. The field included active and retired PGA Tour players. It was always played as a two-man team best ball event. In its inaugural year, it was played as in a match play format, with four teams competing. For the rest of its tenure, it was played in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9437223",
"chunk_text": "\"Kiwi Challenge\"\nNovember 14–15 on NBC. The field was Anthony Kim, Hunter Mahan, Sean O'Hair, and Camilo Villegas. It was played at Cape Kidnappers with a purse of $2.0 million (first: $1,000,000, second: $500,000, third: $300,000, fourth: $200,000). Anthony Kim won in a playoff over Sean O'Hair. The tournament was discontinued after 2009. Kiwi Challenge The Kiwi Challenge was a golf tournament played as part of the PGA Tour's Challenge Season. It was played in New Zealand. The 36-hole tournament began in 2008 with a four-man field of Anthony Kim, Hunter Mahan, Adam Scott and Brandt Snedeker. It aired in December on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "745492",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Tour Challenge\"\nNovember 7, 8:00 am\"\" \"\"Wednesday, November 7, 11:30 am\"\" \"\"Wednesday, November 7, 3:00 pm\"\" \"\"Wednesday, November 7, 7:00 pm\"\" \"\"Thursday, November 8, 8:00 am\"\" \"\"Thursday, November 8, 11:30 am\"\" \"\"Thursday, November 8, 3:00 pm\"\" \"\"Thursday, November 8, 7:00 pm\"\" \"\"Friday, November 9, 8:00 am\"\" \"\"Friday, November 9, 11:30 am\"\" \"\"Friday, November 9, 3:00 pm\"\" \"\"Saturday, November 10, 12:00 pm\"\" \"\"Saturday, November 10, 8:00 pm\"\" \"\"Sunday, November 11, 12:00 pm\"\" 2018 Tour Challenge The 2018 Tour Challenge was held from November 6 to 11 at the Tournament Centre in Thunder Bay, Ontario. This was the third Grand Slam of the 2018–19",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17982513",
"chunk_text": "\"Jordan Spieth\"\nthe matches for 85 years since Horton Smith in 1929. In November, Spieth won his second tournament as a professional at the Emirates Australian Open on the PGA Tour of Australasia; in the final round he shot a course-record 63 to win the title by six strokes. A week later, he completed consecutive victories, winning the Hero World Challenge in Florida. He won the tournament wire-to-wire and in doing so set a new tournament scoring record of 26-under-par. On March 15, Spieth won the Valspar Championship in a three-way playoff with Patrick Reed and Sean O'Hair. He secured his victory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17255960",
"chunk_text": "\"English Challenge\"\nEnglish Challenge The English Challenge is a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour, played in England. The event was held for the first time in 1993 as the Collingtree Park Challenge and was played as the Stockley Park Challenge in 1994. There was a nine-year break before it made a one-off return in 2004 as the Donnington Grove Computacenter English Challenge Open. The English Challenge returned to the schedule again in 2010 at Stoke by Nayland Hotel, Golf & Spa in Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk. Australia's Daniel Gaunt won the tournament by one stroke from English amateur Tommy Fleetwood and Scotland's Craig",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14679130",
"chunk_text": "\"Matt Wallace (golfer)\"\nMatt Wallace (golfer) Matthew Wallace (born 12 April 1990) is an English professional golfer currently playing on the European Tour. In 2016 Wallace won six tournaments on the Alps Tour and won the Order of Merit. This enabled him to join the Challenge Tour in 2017. He started 2017 by finishing tied for third place in the Barclays Kenya Open and in May he won the Open de Portugal, a dual-ranking event with the main European Tour. The win gave him promotion to the European Tour. Wallace won his second European Tour event in March 2018, Hero Indian Open, beating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10013362",
"chunk_text": "\"Northern Ireland Open (Challenge Tour)\"\nNorthern Ireland Open (Challenge Tour) The Northern Ireland Open is a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour. It was played for the first time in August/September 2013 at the Galgorm Castle Golf Club in Ballymena, Northern Ireland. In 2017 the event was changed from 72 holes of stroke play to a \"\"Super 6\"\" style format. In 2018 the event reverted to 72-hole stroke-play. The 2017 format was similar to that used for the 2017 World Super 6 Perth. The main difference was that the 6-hole matches are determined by stroke play rather than match play. It retained the 156-player field,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5400098",
"chunk_text": "\"Shadow Creek Golf Course\"\nShadow Creek Golf Course Shadow Creek is an 18-hole golf course in North Las Vegas, Nevada, designed by Tom Fazio and built by Steve Wynn in 1990. It hosted a 2018 match play challenge between Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson. It opened in 1989, it was built on a site, at a reported cost of sixty million dollars. During construction, a berm was created that blocked any view from the outside. An estimated 21,000 trees of more than 200 varieties were planted. Initially, only invited casino guests of Steve Wynn or the Mirage Resorts properties could play the course, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17685562",
"chunk_text": "\"Lough Erne Challenge\"\nLough Erne Challenge The Lough Erne Challenge is an annual invitational golf event played on The Faldo Course at the Lough Erne Resort, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The inaugural Lough Erne Challenge, played in July 2009, was between Rory McIlroy - touring professional at Lough Erne Resort - and Pádraig Harrington. McIlroy won the 18 hole strokeplay match with a four under par round of 68 to Harrington's two under par 70. In July 2010 McIlroy teamed up with Darren Clarke to form a Northern Ireland team that took on Harrington and Shane Lowry, representing the Republic of Ireland. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16365152",
"chunk_text": "\"Rickie Fowler\"\nIt was his seventh top-5 major finish, meaning he's had multiple top-5 finishes at every major. On November 12, 2017, Fowler started his 2018 season at the OHL Classic at Mayakoba where he shot rounds of 65-67-67-67 for an 18-under-par total, one stroke shy of winner, Patton Kizzire. It was his 12th tour runner-up finish and he became just the 27th golfer in PGA Tour history to win $30,000,000 in Tour earnings. On December 3, 2017, Fowler recorded a 61, 11-under-par, in the fourth round to win the Hero World Challenge. He came from 7 strokes behind the 54-hole leader,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4976355",
"chunk_text": "\"National Alliance for Youth Sports\"\nrules, etiquette and history knowledge. Communities that conduct any level of the Hook A Kid On Golf program are eligible to participate in the Traditions of Golf Challenge. Each team's score from their round is combined with their \"\"Traditions of Golf\"\" score to determine the overall champion of the two-day tournament. Past Winners Include: 1999 – West Palm Beach, Florida 2000 – Derby, Kansas 2001 – New Braunfels, Texas 2002 – Cuernavaca, Mexico 2003 – Cuernavaca, Mexico 2004 – Prospect Heights, Illinois 2005 – Prospect Heights, Illinois 2006 – Cuernavaca, Mexico 2007 – Prospect Heights, Illinois 2008 – West Palm",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19786580",
"chunk_text": "\"Tommy Bahama Challenge\"\nTommy Bahama Challenge The Tommy Bahama Challenge was a golf event on the PGA Tour's \"\"Challenge Season,\"\" a slate of Tour events that do not count towards the PGA's official money season. It was held at the Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, and lasted for only two years. Sponsored by the clothing company Tommy Bahama, the event began in 2004, and pitted a team of four golfers from the United States versus an international team of four golfers, each with a non-playing captain. The tournament featured a unique rule — only players 30 or under could be invited. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20066609",
"chunk_text": "\"Reflection Bay Golf Club\"\nto The Golf Institute at Lake Las Vegas Resort that offers residents and guests golf school options and private instruction. Reflection Bay Golf Club is the home course of PGA Tour pro Craig Barlow, and also LPGA professional Natalie Gulbis. Reflection Bay Golf Club Reflection Bay Golf Club, in Henderson, Nevada, United States is the first public resort golf course in Nevada personally designed by Jack Nicklaus and the host course to the nationally televised Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge benefiting the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption. The 7,261-yard, par-72 award-winning course makes its way through the desert while providing views of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1561265",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Tour Challenge\"\n2018 Tour Challenge The 2018 Tour Challenge was held from November 6 to 11 at the Tournament Centre in Thunder Bay, Ontario. This was the third Grand Slam of the 2018–19 curling season. In the men's Tier 1 competition, Brad Jacobs defeated Brendan Bottcher in the final 6–5. Team Bottcher was playing in their first Grand Slam final. In Tier 2, Kirk Muyres defeated Scott McDonald's team in the final to secure a spot in the 2019 Canadian Open. The women's Tier 1 competition saw Rachel Homan defeat Tracy Fleury 8–4. In the Tier 2 final, Elena Stern beat Sayaka",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7863752",
"chunk_text": "\"Hurricane Relief T20 Challenge\"\nHurricane Relief T20 Challenge The Hurricane Relief T20 Challenge was a Twenty20 International (T20I) cricket match that took place in England on 31 May 2018. The West Indies cricket team played against a World XI team, to raise funds for stadiums damaged by Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria in September 2017. The damaged stadiums were Ronald Webster Park in Anguilla and Dominica's Windsor Park. The International Cricket Council (ICC) granted the fixture international status, with Lord's being selected as venue to host the match. In March 2018, the ICC named Eoin Morgan as the captain of the World XI side.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17685564",
"chunk_text": "\"Lough Erne Challenge\"\nand highlights reach more than 300 million households worldwide in more than 38 countries. Lough Erne Challenge The Lough Erne Challenge is an annual invitational golf event played on The Faldo Course at the Lough Erne Resort, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The inaugural Lough Erne Challenge, played in July 2009, was between Rory McIlroy - touring professional at Lough Erne Resort - and Pádraig Harrington. McIlroy won the 18 hole strokeplay match with a four under par round of 68 to Harrington's two under par 70. In July 2010 McIlroy teamed up with Darren Clarke to form a Northern Ireland",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5278100",
"chunk_text": "\"World Crazy Golf Championships\"\nWorld Crazy Golf Championships The World Crazy Golf Championships (WCGC) have been held every year since 2003 at the Adventure Golf Complex on Crazy Golf Course on the seafront of Hastings, East Sussex. Individuals compete for the prestigious trophy with players from all over the world including England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Finland, Germany, Czech Republic, Portugal and the United States. However, during its 16-year history (to 2018) only six different players have managed to lift the coveted trophy. The World Crazy Golf Championships is open to everyone with no age restriction. There are also categories for women, juniors and novices",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "256024",
"chunk_text": "\"Warwick Hills Golf and Country Club\"\ntees. Tiger Woods and Billy Mayfair jointly hold the course record of 61. The Associated Press reported July 28, 2009 that General Motors would end its sponsorship of the Buick Open after the 2009 tournament, in order to devote its marketing resources to cars and trucks, thus ending the PGA Tour's association with Warwick Hills. A booster group for the course is trying to bring professional golf back to Warwick Hills, either with the PGA's Champions Tour, the PGA's Web.com Tour, or an LPGA event. The Ally Challenge was first played at the course in 2018. In 2009, a Michigan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "366139",
"chunk_text": "\"Tiger Woods\"\nwithout playing any professional golf. Woods returned to competitive golf at the Hero World Challenge in the Bahamas. He shot rounds of 69-68-75-68 and finished tied for 9th place. His world ranking went from 1,199th to 668th, which was the biggest jump in the world rankings in his career. On Sunday, March 11, 2018, he finished one-shot back and tied for second at the Valspar Championship in Florida, his first top-five finish on the PGA Tour since 2013. He then tied for sixth with a score of five under par at the 2018 Open Championship. At the last major of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "910951",
"chunk_text": "\"Bubba Watson\"\nto move him to third in the Official World Golf Ranking. He garnered his second victory in 2015 by winning the unofficial Hero World Challenge in the Bahamas, besting fellow American Patrick Reed by three strokes. Prior to the Waste Management Phoenix Open in early February, Watson caused a bit of controversy after publicly admitting his dislike for the course, TPC Scottsdale. As a result, he was jeered by fans for the majority of the tournament, later criticizing the media for \"\"turning his words around\"\". Two weeks later though, he returned to the winner's circle after winning the Northern Trust",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5400099",
"chunk_text": "\"Shadow Creek Golf Course\"\ntee times were one hour apart, so only a handful of groups played on any day. Today the course is open to all MGM Resorts International property guests. The course was originally , extended to during a 2008 redesign, when a short game facility was added. There are two homes within the grounds. Shadow Creek Golf Course Shadow Creek is an 18-hole golf course in North Las Vegas, Nevada, designed by Tom Fazio and built by Steve Wynn in 1990. It hosted a 2018 match play challenge between Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson. It opened in 1989, it was built",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13747353",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ally Challenge\"\nthe Adidas 5K Challenge held before the second round with benefiting non-profits as the Community Foundation of Greater Flint and Junior Achievement of Southeastern Michigan. The Genesee County Board of Commissioners embroiled the tournament in a controversy over their April 2, 2018 approval, 7–1, of using veterans millage funds towards sponsoring the event as \"\"outreach\"\". With the sponsorship, the county would get free access for veterans to the tournament and a \"\"Patriot Pavilion\"\" at the 18th fairway for all active and reserve military, veterans and their dependents. On April 9, 2018, after a commissioner sponsored petition with 500 signatures and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16456851",
"chunk_text": "\"The Skills Challenge\"\nthe Collegiate Center of the new USTA National Campus in Orlando, FL (Lake Nona) on March 19 & 20, 2017. Top players from the men’s and women’s tours will compete in five different categories including: fastest serve, most accurate forehand/backhand, and fastest man/woman. A two-day FanFest will accompany the Skills Challenge including: contests and games for fans, player autograph sessions, live music, food and beverage vendors, and tennis demonstrations The Skills Challenge The Skills Challenge is a men's and women's professional tennis exhibition event, played on outdoor hard courts. Due to be annually beginning March 19 & 20, 2017 at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5766652",
"chunk_text": "\"The Challenge (TV series)\"\nvs. Pros\"\") is a special recurring mini-series of \"\"The Challenge\"\". In each multi-week event, alumni from \"\"The Challenge\"\" compete against celebrities to win money for charity. In a six-episode event entitled \"\"\"\", ten \"\"Challenge\"\" greats competed against ten pros. The series premiered on May 16, 2017, and was hosted by NFL wide receiver Victor Cruz. \"\"\"\" is a special eight-week mini-series in which ten \"\"Challenge\"\" greats compete against ten celebrities. The series premiered on November 21, 2017, with Mike “The Miz” Mizanin as the host. Cast was spotted filming in Los Angeles on February 2, 2018. Mike “The Miz” Mizanin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12366357",
"chunk_text": "\"Tournament of Champions (golf)\"\n2007, the event moved to four-round coverage on the Golf Channel. In 2012, NBC Sports began showing weekend play, while also producing the new Monday final round for sister network Golf Channel. In 2018, coverage went entirely to Golf Channel. \"\"Note: Green highlight indicates scoring records.\"\" Fifteen men have won the tournament more than once through 2018. Tournament of Champions (golf) The Sentry Tournament of Champions is the calendar-year opening tournament of golf's PGA Tour season, played in Hawaii on the island of Maui. Founded in 1953, the field is restricted to golfers who won a tournament on the tour",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2214441",
"chunk_text": "\"Isleworth, Florida\"\nside of Orlando, Lake Nona. Late in 2007, the community became a bone of contention between Orange County officials and nearby Windermere when the city announced plans to annex Isleworth. With property tax rolls totaling $800 million that year, it generated $3.5 million in tax revenues for the county that the city was anxious to redirect to its own coffers. Orange County Mayor Rich Crotty quickly threatened to end county fire and sheriff services to Isleworth if annexation plans went forward. Beginning in December 2014, Isleworth will become the new location of the Hero World Challenge. Isleworth, Florida Isleworth is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13747352",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ally Challenge\"\nplaying September 10–16, 2018. An agreement is in place for the $2 million purse tournament until 2020. The Challenge would also included a pro-am on Wednesday and Thursday. On November 10, 2017, the tournament announced McLaren Health Care as presenting sponsor. Plus, they indicated tickets were on sale, a Big & Rich concert would be held after the first round and a 5K run would also be held. The Birdies for Charities fundraising program was announced in May 2018 for additional 501(c)3 charity to join. The 5K run/walk was announced on June 22, 2018 to be sponsor by Adidas as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6096308",
"chunk_text": "\"Rory McIlroy PGA Tour\"\nrepresentative has suggested that the course may be re-introduced as DLC in the future. Free updates have been released to add additional features to the game. TPC Scottsdale, East Lake Golf Club, the fantasy course Treasure Island, and Quail Hollow Club were added in August, September, October, and November 2015, respectively. The Quail Hollow update re-introduced alternate shot, best ball, four ball, and skins play. Henrik Stenson and Dustin Johnson were also added as playable characters in October and November 2015 respectively. PGA West Stadium Course was added in January 2016. In March 2016, Oakmont Country Club (host of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3061589",
"chunk_text": "\"Sun City, North West\"\nalso has two international-standard 18-hole golf courses, the Gary Player Country Club and the Lost City Golf Course, both designed by Gary Player. The Gary Player Country Club is home to the Nedbank Golf Challenge (formerly the Nedbank Million Dollar Golf Challenge) that is held annually. The Sun City resort has hosted various concerts and events, including the Miss South Africa and Miss South Africa Teen Pageant. These pageants take place annually in Sun City’s Super Bowl Arena and the Valley of Waves. It also hosted Miss World pageant five times, from 1992–1995 and 2001. The resort was also the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7960829",
"chunk_text": "\"Tough Mudder\"\nwall balls. All obstacles and workout zones must be finished. The top 24 male and female finishers of preliminary heats move on to the finals. Winning purse is $50,000—the men's and women's winners each take home $25,000. This new event aired on CBS (see below under CBS Sports) in August and September in 2017. Hunter McIntyre and Corinna Coffin won the race championship and took home the winning purse in 2017. In 2018, the qualifier and open competitions took place Sunday, March 25, in Sacramento, California; and Sunday, April 8, in Miami, with the finale to be held in Richmond,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_454
|
who has the most sacks in college football?
|
n/a
|
[
"Mike Czerwien"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11352211",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Tardits\"\nRichard Tardits Richard Tardits (born July 30, 1965), is a former American football linebacker for the New England Patriots of the National Football League, and a former rugby player for the United States national rugby union team. He held the record for most sacks in a career at the University of Georgia, until surpassed by David Pollack in 2004, and he was referred to as 'Le Sack' by fans because of his French birth. Tardits was born in Bayonne, France. He was former player on the French junior national rugby team and a participant in the Running of the Bulls",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7847969",
"chunk_text": "\"Vic Beasley\"\nVic Beasley Victor Ramon Beasley Jr. (born July 8, 1992) is an American football defensive end for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Clemson University, Beasley was drafted by the Falcons with the eighth overall pick in the 2015 NFL Draft. Beasley was a consensus All-American for the Tigers in 2013 and 2014. He is also the schools all-time sack leader (33). Following Beasley's senior season, he was named ACC Defensive Player of the Year. In 2016, Beasley was named to his first Pro Bowl and All-Pro honors, following his league-leading 15.5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "558163",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Royce\"\nBill Royce Bill Royce (born July 14, 1971) is a former college football player for Ashland University. During his time with Ashland, Royce set the university record for most sacks from the 1991 to 1993 seasons. He ended his college football career in 1993 and set a National Collegiate Athletic Association career record with 71 sacks. In 2016, Royce was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame. Royce was born on July 14, 1971 in Mount Gilead, Ohio. He went to Northmor High School and graduated from Ashland University in 1993. From Ashland, Royce earned a Bachelor of Business",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3964568",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris McAllister (American football)\"\nChris McAllister (American football) Chris McAllister (born March 3, 1991) is an American football defensive end for the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He attended Judson High School in Converse, Texas; upon graduating in 2009, he played football at Baylor University. During his time at Baylor, McAllister recorded a total of 15.0 sacks; this left him tied for the record of most career sacks in Baylor history. He led the team in sacks in 2012 and 2013 (with 6.0 and 6.5, respectively). McAllister went undrafted in 2014. He eventually earned a tryout with the Houston Texans of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "399359",
"chunk_text": "\"Derrick Thomas\"\nfootball when he was three years old, and played his high school football at South Miami Senior High School. Alongside Cornelius Bennett and later Keith McCants at Alabama, Thomas spearheaded one of the best defensive lines in college football and smashed many Crimson Tide defensive records, including sacks in a single season. He was awarded the Butkus Award in 1988 after a season which saw him set an NCAA record 27 sacks along with finishing 10th in Heisman Trophy balloting. He currently holds the single season NCAA FBS sack record with 27 and what was the career sack record with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8693877",
"chunk_text": "\"Gaines Adams\"\nend. Before his senior year in 2006, he was slated to be among the best defensive ends in the college football. Adams lived up to his reputation by starting all 12 games, recording 12.5 sacks, causing 2 fumbles and recovering 3. By the end of the 2006 season, Adams recorded a total of 28 career sacks, tying the school record set by Michael Dean Perry (1984–1987). In addition, Adams was named to all five All-America teams acknowledged by the NCAA in 2006, and was recognized as one of seven unanimous first-team All-Americans that year. \"\"Bench press\"\": 350 lbs \"\"Squat\"\": 465",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11099034",
"chunk_text": "\"Pat Swilling\"\nPat Swilling Patrick Travis Swilling (born October 25, 1964) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the New Orleans Saints, Detroit Lions, and the Oakland Raiders. He earned five Pro Bowl appearances in his NFL career and was the Associated Press (AP) NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 1991. He served from 2001 to 2004 as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives. Swilling played for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. Swilling set the NCAA record for sacks in a game, with seven against North Carolina State and the Georgia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12710183",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Messner\"\nMark Messner Mark W. Messner (born December 29, 1965) is a former American football player. Messner played college football for the University of Michigan. He started every game, 49 in all, at defensive tackle for Michigan from 1985 to 1988. He was the first position player ever to be selected as a first-team All-Big Ten Conference player all four years. He was selected as a first-team All-American by the \"\"Sporting News\"\" in 1987 and was a consensus All-American in 1988. He set still holds Michigan records for quarterback sacks in a game (5), career tackles for loss (70), and career",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12477732",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Dean Perry\"\nMichael Dean Perry Michael Dean Perry (born August 27, 1965) is a former American football defensive lineman and the younger brother of William Perry. His parents are Mrs. Inez S. Perry [deceased] and Hollie Perry, Sr. of Aiken, South Carolina. He learned to play football from his older brothers. He attended South Aiken High School where he anchored the offensive and defensive line. He played football at Clemson University and set the school record of 28 sacks (tied by defensive end Gaines Adams in 2006 and then broken by Vic Beasley in 2014). He was later drafted by the Cleveland",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10746944",
"chunk_text": "\"Vic Beasley\"\n2018, the Falcons exercised the fifth-year option on Beasley's contract. Vic Beasley Victor Ramon Beasley Jr. (born July 8, 1992) is an American football defensive end for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Clemson University, Beasley was drafted by the Falcons with the eighth overall pick in the 2015 NFL Draft. Beasley was a consensus All-American for the Tigers in 2013 and 2014. He is also the schools all-time sack leader (33). Following Beasley's senior season, he was named ACC Defensive Player of the Year. In 2016, Beasley was named to his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7847974",
"chunk_text": "\"Vic Beasley\"\nin 2013, Beasley led the nation in sacks with 13. Beasley was a first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) selection and was named a consensus All-American. Beasley and the Tigers upset #6 Ohio State Buckeyes in the Orange Bowl. Beasley opted to stay his senior year to finish his education instead of declaring for the 2014 NFL Draft. He was projected to have been picked up in the second round as predicted by the NFL's draft advisory board. Beasley entered the year with 21 career sacks, which was seven away from setting the all-time school record for career which was set",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1431091",
"chunk_text": "\"Cedrick Hardman\"\nCedrick Hardman Cedrick Ward Hardman (born October 4, 1948) is a former American Football defensive end who played for the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers and Oakland Raiders and the United States Football League's Oakland Invaders. Hardman's thirteen-year professional football career lasted from 1970 to 1983 in the National Football League and ended as a player/coach in 1983 with the USFL's Oakland Invaders. Hardman holds the record for most sacks in a season for the 49ers. Hardman played college football at North Texas State University, (renamed the University of North Texas in 1988). Hardman was an All-Missouri Valley Conference",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18517277",
"chunk_text": "\"Nyle Wiren\"\nNyle Wiren Nyle Wiren (born February 8, 1973) is a former American football defensive lineman who played eleven seasons with the Tampa Bay Storm of the Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football at Kansas State University. Wiren played for the Kansas State Wildcats from 1993 to 1996. He set Kansas State records for most career sacks with 27.5 and most sacks in a season with 11.5 in 1996. He earned All-America honorable mention honors his senior year in 1996. Wiren played for the AFL's Tampa Bay Storm from 1998 to 2008, earning Second Team All-Arena honors in 2004.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "558165",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Royce\"\nfor a South Dakota construction company. In the Midwest Intercollegiate Football Conference, Royce was named Defensive Player and Defensive Linemen twice alongside Player of the Year once in 1993. He was also nominated for the Harlon Hill Trophy from 1992 to 1993. Royce was inducted into the Ashland University Hall of Fame in 2005 and the College Football Hall of Fame in 2016. Bill Royce Bill Royce (born July 14, 1971) is a former college football player for Ashland University. During his time with Ashland, Royce set the university record for most sacks from the 1991 to 1993 seasons. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20606387",
"chunk_text": "\"Reggie White\"\n(in 1983) remain a school record. His mark of 32 career sacks remained a school record until it was broken by Derek Barnett during the 2016 season. His school single-game record of four sacks (against The Citadel in 1983) stood until 2013, when Corey Miller had four and a half sacks against Kentucky. After his college football career, White was chosen by the Memphis Showboats in the 1984 USFL Territorial Draft, and the opportunity to play pro ball in the same state where he went to college was enough enticement to get \"\"The Minister of Defense\"\" to sign with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1431094",
"chunk_text": "\"Cedrick Hardman\"\nseason. Cedrick Hardman Cedrick Ward Hardman (born October 4, 1948) is a former American Football defensive end who played for the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers and Oakland Raiders and the United States Football League's Oakland Invaders. Hardman's thirteen-year professional football career lasted from 1970 to 1983 in the National Football League and ended as a player/coach in 1983 with the USFL's Oakland Invaders. Hardman holds the record for most sacks in a season for the 49ers. Hardman played college football at North Texas State University, (renamed the University of North Texas in 1988). Hardman was an All-Missouri Valley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16972909",
"chunk_text": "\"Todd Kelly (American football)\"\nHe was named All-SEC and second-team All-American at the end of the season. During his four years at Tennessee, Kelly registered 88 tackles (58 solo), 22.5 sacks, 14 tackles-for-loss, and two forced fumbles. He is fourth on the school's career sacks list, trailing only Reggie White (32), Leonard Little (28) and Jonathan Brown (25). His 11 sacks in 1992 is tied with Little's 1995 tally for the school's fourth-highest single-season total (only White, Brown, and John Henderson have had more sacks in a season). In October 2014, Kelly was named Tennessee's selection for that year's SEC Football Legends Class. Kelly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3188234",
"chunk_text": "\"David Pollack\"\nDavid Pollack David M. Pollack (born June 19, 1982) is a former professional American football linebacker who played two seasons in the National Football League (NFL), having suffered a career-ending injury in the second game of his second season. He played college football for the University of Georgia, was a three-time All-American, and was recognized as the top college defensive player in the nation. Pollack had 36 sacks during his collegiate career, third most in NCAA history. He was a first-round pick in the 2005 NFL Draft, and played professionally for the NFL's Cincinnati Bengals. Pollack was born in New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8703416",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Messner\"\nplayer in the Big Ten Conference to be selected as a first-team all-conference player in four consecutive years. Only one other Michigan player, Chris Hutchinson (1989-1992), has matched the feat. In four years at Michigan, Messner totaled 248 tackles and five fumble recoveries. He remains Michigan's all-time career leader in tackles for loss (70), tackles for sack yardage (376 yards), sacks (36), and sack yardage (273 yards). He was also Michigan's sack leader each year from 1985 to 1987. In 2014, Messner was inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor. He has also been included on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3041479",
"chunk_text": "\"Jacob Green\"\n12 seasons for the Seattle Seahawks, as number 79, and one season for the San Francisco 49ers. Green recorded 97.5 career sacks for the Seahawks (unofficially 116; sacks became an official NFL statistic in 1982, Green's third season), a team record and at the time of his retirement good for number three on the all-time sacks leaderboard behind only Reggie White and Lawrence Taylor. Jacob Green Jacob Carl Green (born January 21, 1957) is a former American football defensive end. He played college football for Texas A&M. Green was an All-American selection in 1979 after compiling 134 tackles and was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3891968",
"chunk_text": "\"DeMarcus Ware\"\n2017, Ware announced his retirement from the NFL after 12 seasons and 138.5 sacks, through his Twitter account. On April 24, 2017, about a month after announcing his retirement from the NFL, Ware signed a one-day contract to retire as a member of the Dallas Cowboys, the team that drafted him. Ware is tied for the record of most seasons leading the league in sacks with two (2008 and 2010). Ware is tied with Mark Gastineau, 1983–84; Reggie White, 1987–88; Kevin Greene, 1994, 1996; Michael Strahan, 2001, 2003 and Jared Allen, 2007, 2011. As of the end of the 2012",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3546056",
"chunk_text": "\"Quentin Groves\"\nMatt Hayes of The Sporting News. In June 2007, he was named to both the Bronko Nagurski Trophy and Chuck Bednarik Award watchlists. In early July, he was also named to the Ted Hendricks Defensive End of the Year watchlist. Just prior to the season, Sports Illustrated ranked him at #9 in their list of the SEC's Top 10 Players. Groves entered the 2007 season with 23 career sacks, only three behind the Auburn school record held by Gerald Robinson since 1985. In the season opener versus Kansas State, Groves recorded two sacks of quarterback Josh Freeman one of which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3606669",
"chunk_text": "\"Cornelius Bennett\"\nIn his four seasons at the University of Alabama, Bennett recorded 287 tackles, 21½ sacks, and 3 fumble recoveries. His most famous play was in 1986 when he leveled Notre Dame quarterback Steve Beuerlein, immortalized in a painting by artist Daniel Moore titled simply, ‘The Sack.’ In 2005, Bennett was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame. After his college career, Bennett was selected by the Indianapolis Colts with the second pick of the 1987 NFL Draft. The 1987 draft class was deemed the \"\"Year of Linebacker\"\", but Bennett was considered to stand \"\"head-and-shoulders above the rest.\"\" Bennett was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8946109",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Snyder\"\nhonors, including consensus first-team All-American Damontre Moore in 2012. A third-round NFL Draft pick by the New York Giants (No. 81 overall) in 2013, Moore led the Aggies his junior season with 85 tackles, including 21 for losses and 12.5 sacks, to land on the All-SEC First Team. In 2014, true freshman Myles Garrett set a Texas A&M and SEC-freshman record with 11.5 sacks and was named a consensus first-team Freshman All-American as well as second-team All-SEC. During Texas A&M's 11-2 campaign in 2012 that ended with a win in the Cotton Bowl Classic over Oklahoma, Snyder's defense ranked 26th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3041478",
"chunk_text": "\"Jacob Green\"\nJacob Green Jacob Carl Green (born January 21, 1957) is a former American football defensive end. He played college football for Texas A&M. Green was an All-American selection in 1979 after compiling 134 tackles and was a then school-record 20 quarterback sacks. Green’s 37 career sacks still rank second in A&M history behind Aaron Wallace’s 42 career sacks. Green owns school records for career fumbles caused (12) and season fumbles caused (six in 1978). Green was a first-round draft pick (10th overall) in the 1980 NFL draft by the Seattle Seahawks. In his 13-year National Football League career, Green played",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9564212",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve DeLong\"\nthe University of Tennessee. Steve DeLong Steven Cyril DeLong (July 3, 1943 – August 18, 2010) was an American football defensive lineman who played professionally in the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL). He played collegiately for the University of Tennessee, and professionally for the San Diego Chargers and Chicago Bears. In 1969 with San Diego, he set a team record with 17 sacks, a mark which stood until Gary Johnson had in 1980. DeLong was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2000. He was the father of professional football player Keith DeLong,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "951787",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffalo Bulls football statistical leaders\"\nmatching it in 2012 against Morgan State. Joe D'Amico holds Buffalo's record for single-game receiving yards, with 218 in a 1981 game against Cortland. Defensive leaders. Buffalo's career leader in tackles is Davonte Shannon with 461 tackles from 2007 to 2010. Khalil Mack holds Buffalo's all-time lead in sacks, with 28.5 sacks from 2010 to 2013. Steve Nappo is the Bulls career leader in interceptions, with 19 from 1984 to 1986. Nappo also holds Buffalo's single-season record for interceptions, with 13 in 1986. Craig Guest is Buffalo's single-season leader in tackles, with 161 in 1995, and Vince Canosa holds the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14507088",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Snyder\"\nconsecutive national championship games, facing Marshall in three of those contests (1991, 1992, and 1993). Following the 1996 season, Snyder went on to spend four years as the defensive ends coach under Glen Mason at Minnesota. While coaching the Golden Gophers, Minnesota's defense twice set school records for single-season sacks and averaged 40.7 sacks during a three-year span. While at Minnesota, Snyder's best players were Lamanzer Williams, who led the nation in sacks in 1997, and Karon Riley, the Big Ten Defensive Player of the Year in 2000. Snyder again reunited with Jim Tressel at Ohio State University and was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1941873",
"chunk_text": "\"Sutton Smith\"\nplayer in NIU history since LeShon Johnson in 1993 to be named a Consensus All-American. Smith broke NIU's single season tackles for loss record previously held by Scott Kellar (20). His FBS leading 14 quarterback sacks broke the single season sack record (12), previously held by Scott Kellar (1984) and Larry English (2006). Smith was a finalist for the 2017 Ted Hendricks Award as the nation's best defensive end. The Maxwell Football Club named Smith a semifinalist for the Chuck Bednarik Award, the nation's Most Outstanding Defensive Player of the Year. Smith is the most decorated defensive player in NIU",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15457550",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Dean Perry\"\ningredients as a double cheeseburger with the addition of a patty and bacon. Michael Dean Perry Michael Dean Perry (born August 27, 1965) is a former American football defensive lineman and the younger brother of William Perry. His parents are Mrs. Inez S. Perry [deceased] and Hollie Perry, Sr. of Aiken, South Carolina. He learned to play football from his older brothers. He attended South Aiken High School where he anchored the offensive and defensive line. He played football at Clemson University and set the school record of 28 sacks (tied by defensive end Gaines Adams in 2006 and then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9564211",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve DeLong\"\nSteve DeLong Steven Cyril DeLong (July 3, 1943 – August 18, 2010) was an American football defensive lineman who played professionally in the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL). He played collegiately for the University of Tennessee, and professionally for the San Diego Chargers and Chicago Bears. In 1969 with San Diego, he set a team record with 17 sacks, a mark which stood until Gary Johnson had in 1980. DeLong was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2000. He was the father of professional football player Keith DeLong, who also played for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9647982",
"chunk_text": "\"Ifeadi Odenigbo\"\nIfeadi Odenigbo Ifeadikachukwu Anthony Odenigbo (born April 8, 1994) is an American football defensive end for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Northwestern, and was drafted by the Vikings in the seventh round of the 2017 NFL Draft. Ifeadi played college football at Northwestern. There he recorded the second most sacks in school history with 23.5. On October 1, 2016, Odenigbo tallied 4 of the Wildcats’ 6 total sacks against the Iowa Hawkeyes. In 2016, he led the Big Ten Conference in sacks with 10 and was voted to the All-Big Ten",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18517278",
"chunk_text": "\"Nyle Wiren\"\nHe retired after the 2008 season. Wiren was an assistant coach for the Tampa Bay Storm in 2011. Wiren was a double for Stone Cold Steve Austin in \"\"The Longest Yard\"\". Nyle Wiren Nyle Wiren (born February 8, 1973) is a former American football defensive lineman who played eleven seasons with the Tampa Bay Storm of the Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football at Kansas State University. Wiren played for the Kansas State Wildcats from 1993 to 1996. He set Kansas State records for most career sacks with 27.5 and most sacks in a season with 11.5 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13999112",
"chunk_text": "\"Terrell Suggs\"\nTerrell Suggs Terrell Raymonn Suggs (born October 11, 1982), nicknamed \"\"T-Sizzle,\"\" is an American football outside linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arizona State, and was recognized as a unanimous All-American. The Ravens selected him with the tenth overall pick in the 2003 NFL Draft, and he is the team's all-time leader in sacks. Suggs is a seven-time Pro Bowl selection, a two time All-Pro, was named NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2011, and was part of the Ravens team that won Super Bowl XLVII. Suggs was born",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13558326",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Youngblood\"\nand then in his final two seasons in defensive coordinator Fritz Shurmer's 3-4 two-gap scheme which limited some pass rush opportunities to make sure the opponent's running game was handled. His highest single-season sack total was 18 in 1979. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001 along with Ron Yary, Lynn Swann, Jackie Slater, Mike Munchak, Marv Levy, and Nick Buoniconti and inducted in August in Canton, Ohio. Youngblood echoed his post-retirement sentiments in his Hall of Fame acceptance speech by stating, \"\"I didn't sack the quarterback every time I rushed the passer. I didn't",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12050419",
"chunk_text": "\"Dwight Freeney\"\nidolized New York Giants linebacker Lawrence Taylor. Freeney received an athletic scholarship to attend Syracuse University, where he played for the Syracuse Orange football team from 1998 to 2001. A two-year starter for the Orangemen, he set a school record with 17.5 sacks in his senior season and his 34 career sacks rank second in school history to Tim Green (45.5). Freeney was the school's premier pass rusher, and once had a string of 17 consecutive games with at least one sack. Against Virginia Tech, Freeney sacked elusive Hokies quarterback Michael Vick 4.5 times in one game. Freeney finished his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "904327",
"chunk_text": "\"Vernon Gholston\"\n14.5 sacks in 13 games, breaking the former record of 13 sacks in a single season set in 1995 by Mike Vrabel. He was named All-America by \"\"Pro Football Weekly\"\" and was First-team All-Big Ten. During his tenure at Ohio State, Gholston started 25 games. He finished with 87 tackles (47 solo) and 30.5 stops for a loss. He also had 22.5 sacks, which ranks fifth in school history. National Conference Gholston declared for the 2008 NFL Draft and was projected as a top 10 pick. He tied the highest bench press score at the NFL combine with 37 repetitions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20606193",
"chunk_text": "\"Bruce Smith (defensive end)\"\nBruce Smith (defensive end) Bruce Bernard Smith (born June 18, 1963) is a former American football defensive end for the Buffalo Bills and the Washington Redskins of the National Football League. He was a member of the Buffalo Bills teams that played in four consecutive Super Bowls as AFC champions. The holder of the NFL career record for quarterback sacks with 200, Smith was enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2009, his first year of eligibility. Smith was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2006. Smith is a native of Norfolk, Virginia, where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9662740",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Hampton\"\nsacks in a season, with 72, and is the co-holder of the record for most sacks in a game with 12. The latter occurred against the Detroit Lions on December 16, 1984. Earlier in that season the Bears sacked Minnesota Viking quarterback Archie Manning 11 times, to tie the record for the second-most sacks in a game. During the middle of the Bears 1985 Super Bowl run, Hampton signed a 4-year contract extension. On November 8, 1985, he signed a four-year deal worth $2.7 million. Hampton became the fifth highest-paid defensive lineman in the NFL when the contract began in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9881609",
"chunk_text": "\"Julius Peppers\"\nand the Bill Willis Trophy as the nation's best defensive lineman. In the three seasons at North Carolina, Peppers started 33 of the 34 games in which he played. He is currently ranked second all-time in UNC history with 30.5 sacks. He accumulated 53 stops behind the line of scrimmage, 167 tackles, 5 interceptions, 2 fumble recoveries, 5 forced fumbles, 13 passes deflected, and 42 quarterback pressures (hurries) and returned 2 interceptions and 1 fumble recovery for touchdowns. While at the University of North Carolina, Peppers was also a walk-on member of the men's basketball team. The North Carolina football",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13359065",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Brandenburg\"\nDan Brandenburg Daniel R. Brandenburg (born February 16, 1973) is an American former football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for four seasons. He played college football for Indiana State University. He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the seventh round of the 1996 NFL Draft. In four seasons with the Sycamores, Brandenburg had 215 tackles (116 solo and 99 assist) while recording a school record 32 sacks (since broken). He also set the school record for sacks in a season with 13 during his sophomore campaign. He was a two-time All-American, and three-time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8904596",
"chunk_text": "\"DeMarcus Ware\"\nsacks and led the NFL in that category for the second time in three seasons. He made a fifth straight Pro Bowl and garnered another All-Pro nomination. By leading the NFL in sacks for the second time in his career, Ware tied the record for most seasons leading the league in sacks with two. He tied Mark Gastineau, 1983–84; Reggie White, 1987–88; Kevin Greene, 1994, 1996; Michael Strahan, 2001, 2003; and Jared Allen, 2007, 2011. In 2011, Ware had 19.5 sacks, 47 tackles, two pass deflections, and two forced fumbles. Ware ended the season only half sack away from both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11377699",
"chunk_text": "\"Terrell Suggs\"\nguest starred in Season 2 of the popular HBO series \"\"Ballers\"\". Terrell Suggs Terrell Raymonn Suggs (born October 11, 1982), nicknamed \"\"T-Sizzle,\"\" is an American football outside linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arizona State, and was recognized as a unanimous All-American. The Ravens selected him with the tenth overall pick in the 2003 NFL Draft, and he is the team's all-time leader in sacks. Suggs is a seven-time Pro Bowl selection, a two time All-Pro, was named NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2011, and was part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6206235",
"chunk_text": "\"Clyde Simmons\"\nClyde Simmons Clyde Simmons Jr. (born August 4, 1964) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League who played for the Philadelphia Eagles (1986–1993), Arizona Cardinals (1994–1995), Jacksonville Jaguars (1996–1997), Cincinnati Bengals (1998), and the Chicago Bears (1999–2000). He graduated from Western Carolina University, and played in the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA National Championship game. He led the NFL with 19 sacks in 1992 and finished his career 11th all time on the NFL sack list, with 121.5. He was selected to the Pro Bowl in 1989, 1991 and 1992. Simmons also returned an interception for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7257210",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Norwood\"\nEric Norwood Eric Norwood (born May 24, 1988) is former American football defensive end. He was most recently a member of the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He was a member of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League from 2013 to 2015. He formerly played for the University of South Carolina. During his collegiate career, he set school career records in tackles for loss (54.5) and quarterback sacks (29). With numerous conference and national honors, Norwood is one of the most decorated defensive players in SEC history and has drawn comparisons to James Harrison. Norwood was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11083069",
"chunk_text": "\"Clark Haggans\"\na scholarship. He was a teammate of former Steelers teammate Joey Porter and former Cincinnati Bengals linebacker Adrian Ross. Haggans holds the Colorado State all-time sack record to this day, with 33 sacks recorded. The Steelers drafted Haggans out of the fifth round of the 2000 NFL Draft. He became a regular starter at left outside linebacker in 2004 when the team released long-time starter Jason Gildon. Haggans recorded six quarterback sacks in 2004, and had nine sacks during the 2005 regular season. Haggans was second on the Steelers defense in tackles for Super Bowl XL, and also recorded a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3891970",
"chunk_text": "\"DeMarcus Ware\"\nWare as the best rusher, best linebacker, 2nd overall defensive player behind defensive back Darrelle Revis (number 5 overall) and the 6th overall player in the NFL. Ware is the second fastest player ever to reach 100+ sacks (Reggie White is the fastest) and the 29th player in history to do so. Ware recorded 28 multiple-sack games and 32 forced fumbles as a member of the Dallas Cowboys, both most in club history. Ware has ranked in the top three in total sacks league-wide in 4 out of 5 seasons (3rd place in 2007, 1st place in 2008, 7th place",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8683473",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama Crimson Tide football statistical leaders\"\ncareer leader in tackles (327); Woodrow Lowe as the single-season leader with 134 in 1974; DeMeco Ryans set the single-game record with 25 against Arkansas in 2003. After his career at Alabama that spanned from the 1990 to 1993 seasons, Antonio Langham graduated as Alabama's career leader in interceptions (19); Hootie Ingram as the single-season leader with 10 in 1952; and several players tied with the single game record of three. Derrick Thomas holds every Alabama record for quarterback sacks with 52 during his career from the 1985 to 1988 seasons, 27 in 1988 and five in a single game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19855363",
"chunk_text": "\"Myles Humphrey\"\nsigning of cornerback Robertson Daniel. On October 16, 2018, Humphrey was signed to the New York Giants practice squad. Myles Humphrey Myles Humphrey (born September 7, 1995) is an American football defensive end for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). Humphrey played college football at Shepherd University, where he finished as their all-time leader in sacks and tied Howard Jones as their all-time leader in tackles-for-loss. On May 7, 2018, Humphrey was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as undrafted free agent. Humphrey was released during the Ravens' final roster cuts. On September 2, 2018, Humphrey was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15897366",
"chunk_text": "\"Clyde Simmons\"\nwith 19 sacks in 2013. In January 2017, he was hired by the Cleveland Browns to coach their defensive line. Clyde Simmons Clyde Simmons Jr. (born August 4, 1964) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League who played for the Philadelphia Eagles (1986–1993), Arizona Cardinals (1994–1995), Jacksonville Jaguars (1996–1997), Cincinnati Bengals (1998), and the Chicago Bears (1999–2000). He graduated from Western Carolina University, and played in the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA National Championship game. He led the NFL with 19 sacks in 1992 and finished his career 11th all time on the NFL sack list,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_455
|
when did congress passes legislation to fund the national cancer institute?
|
n/a
|
[
"August 5, 1937"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6389172",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health\"\nthe NIH and its research programs. By 1971 cancer research was in full force and President Nixon signed the National Cancer Act, initiating a National Cancer Program, President's Cancer Panel, National Cancer Advisory Board, and 15 new research, training, and demonstration centers. Funding for the NIH has often been a source of contention in Congress, serving as a proxy for the political currents of the time. In 1992, the NIH encompassed nearly 1 percent of the federal government's operating budget and controlled more than 50 percent of all funding for health research, and 85 percent of all funding for health",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45229",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nbegan with the National Cancer Act of 1971, a United States federal law. The act was intended \"\"to amend the Public Health Service Act so as to strengthen the National Cancer Institute in order to more effectively carry out the national effort against cancer\"\". It was signed into law by President Nixon on December 23, 1971. Health activist and philanthropist Mary Lasker was instrumental in persuading the United States Congress to pass the National Cancer Act. She and her husband Albert Lasker were strong supporters of medical research. They established the Lasker Foundation which awarded people for their research. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6972724",
"chunk_text": "\"Hematological Cancer Research Investment and Education Act\"\nUnited States Senate by unanimous consent in November 2001. It went through the House Committee on Energy and Commerce and passed the U.S. House of Representatives on a voice vote in April 2002. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on May 14, 2002. The research part of the bill, the Joe Moakley Research Excellence Program, requires the Director of the National Institutes of Health, through the National Cancer Institute, to expand and coordinate blood cancer research programs. It was named after former Massachusetts Congressman Joe Moakley, who died in May 2001 of myelodysplastic syndrome, a form",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45230",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nthe year of 1943, Mary Lasker began changing the American Cancer Society to get more funding for research. Five years later she contributed to getting federal funding for the National Cancer Institute and the National Heart Institute. In 1946 the funding was around $2.8 million and had grown to over $1.4 billion by 1972. In addition to all of these accomplishments, Mary became the president of the Lasker Foundation due to the death of her husband in 1952. Lasker's devotion to medical research and experience in the field eventually contributed to the passing of the National Cancer Act. The improved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6980699",
"chunk_text": "\"National Cancer Institute\"\nNational Cancer Institute The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of eleven agencies that are part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The NCI coordinates the U.S. National Cancer Program and conducts and supports research, training, health information dissemination, and other activities related to the causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer; the supportive care of cancer patients and their families; and cancer survivorship. On June 10, 2017, President Donald J. Trump announced his intent to appoint Norman Sharpless as director of the National Cancer Institute. NCI",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13744007",
"chunk_text": "\"Lung Cancer Alliance\"\nThe bill aimed to reduce the mortality rate of lung cancer by 50 percent by 2020. On April 6, 2011, the bill died and was referred to Committee. In June 2012, Lung Cancer Alliance’s California Chapter endorsed Proposition 29, a ballot initiative to increase tobacco tax by one dollar to fund cancer research and tobacco prevention programs. It was closely defeated by California voters at the state-wide election. On January 2, 2013, President Barack Obama signed the Recalcitrant Cancer Research Act of 2012 (H.R. 733) into law. This bill, which was included in the National Defense Authorization Act of 2013,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6980702",
"chunk_text": "\"National Cancer Institute\"\ncenters with grant funding in the form of P30 Cancer Center Support Grants to support shared research resources and interdisciplinary programs. Additionally, faculty at the cancer centers receive approximately 75% of the grant funding awarded by the NCI to individual investigators. The NCI cancer centers program was introduced in 1971 with 15 participating institutions. The NCTN was formed in 2014 from the Cooperative Group program to modernize the existing system to support precision medicine clinical trials. With precision medicine, a large number of patients must be screened to determine eligibility for treatments in development. Lead Academic Participating Sites (LAPS) were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4189172",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health\"\nnext fiscal year's allocations. The House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees deliberate and by fall, Congress usually appropriates funding. This process takes approximately 18 months before the NIH can allocate any actual funds. Over the last century, the responsibility to allocate funding has shifted from the OD and Advisory Committee to the individual ICs and Congress increasingly set apart funding for particular causes. In the 1970s, Congress began to earmark funds specifically for cancer research, and in the 1980s there was a significant amount allocated for AIDS/HIV research. Funding for the NIH has often been a source of contention in Congress,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17620779",
"chunk_text": "\"Warren Magnuson\"\nto the House of Representatives in 1936, filling a vacancy caused by the sudden death of fellow Democrat Marion Zioncheck on August 7, 1936. In 1937, along with senators Homer Bone and Matthew Neely, Magnuson introduced the National Cancer Institute Act, which was signed into law by Franklin Roosevelt on August 5 of that year. He won re-election in 1938, 1940, and 1942. After the Attack on Pearl Harbor Magnuson was a staunch supporter of the U.S. war effort. Magnuson served in the United States Navy during World War II. He was aboard the aircraft carrier for several months, seeing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15467200",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nWar on Cancer The War on Cancer refers to the effort to find a cure for cancer by increased research to improve the understanding of cancer biology and the development of more effective cancer treatments, such as targeted drug therapies. The aim of such efforts is to eradicate cancer as a major cause of death. The signing of the National Cancer Act of 1971 by United States president Richard Nixon is generally viewed as the beginning of this effort, though it was not described as a \"\"war\"\" in the legislation itself. Despite significant progress in the treatment of certain forms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17156915",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer Research Institute\"\nCancer Research Institute The Cancer Research Institute (CRI) is a US non-profit organization funding cancer research and based in New York City. They were founded in 1953 to develop immunologically-based treatments for cancer, and despite their name are a funding body for research rather than a research institute themselves, working with other institutes and organizations. It was founded by Helen Coley Nauts and Oliver R. Grace with a $2,000 grant from Nelson Rockefeller. CRI was created in honor of Nauts' father, William Coley (1862–1936), an American orthopedic surgeon and a pioneer of cancer immunotherapy. Like Dr. Coley, the Institute focuses",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "882722",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cancer\"\nBarr identified the first human cancer virus, called the Epstein-Barr Virus. The political 'war' on cancer began with the National Cancer Act of 1971, a United States federal law. The act was intended \"\"to amend the Public Health Service Act so as to strengthen the National Cancer Institute in order to more effectively carry out the national effort against cancer\"\". It was signed into law by then U.S. President Richard Nixon on December 23, 1971. In 1973, cancer research led to a cold war incident, where co-operative samples of reported oncoviruses were discovered to be contaminated by HeLa. In 1984,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4189174",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health\"\nnearly 1 percent of the federal government's operating budget and controlled more than 50 percent of all funding for health research and 85 percent of all funding for health studies in universities. From 1993 to 2001 the NIH budget doubled. Since then, funding essentially remained flat, and during the decade following the financial crisis, the NIH budget struggled to keep up with inflation. In 1999 Congress increased the NIH's budget by $2.3 billion to $17.2 billion in 2000. In 2009 Congress again increased the NIH budget to $31 billion in 2010. In March 2017, President Trump proposed to cut the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15467206",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nare encouraged to host cancer-oriented events in their local communities and then register their events with the Livestrong website. The US Senate on 26 March 2009 issued a new bill (S. 717), the 21st Century Cancer Access to Life-Saving Early detection, Research and Treatment (ALERT) Act intended to \"\"overhaul the 1971 National Cancer Act.\"\" The bill aims to improve patient access to prevention and early detection by: During their 2008 U.S. presidential campaign then Senators Barack Obama and Joe Biden published a plan to combat cancer that entailed doubling \"\"federal funding for cancer research within 5 years, focusing on NIH",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45235",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nand NCI\"\" as well as working \"\"with Congress to increase funding for the Food and Drug Administration.\"\" Their plan would provide additional funding for: President Obama's 2009 economic stimulus package includes $10 billion for the NIH, which funds much of the cancer research in the U.S., and he has pledged to increase federal funding for cancer research by a third for the next two years as part of a drive to find \"\"a cure for cancer in our time.\"\" In a message published in the July 2009 issue of Harper's Bazaar, President Obama described his mother's battle with ovarian cancer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6980700",
"chunk_text": "\"National Cancer Institute\"\nis the oldest and has the largest budget and research program of the 27 institutes and centers of the NIH. It fulfills the majority of its mission via an extramural program that provides grants for cancer research. Additionally, the National Cancer Institute has intramural research programs in Bethesda, Maryland and at the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research at Fort Detrick, in Frederick, Maryland. The NCI receives more than $5 billion in funding each year. The NCI supports a nationwide network of 69 NCI-designated Cancer Centers with a dedicated focus on cancer research and treatment and maintains the National Clinical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5326486",
"chunk_text": "\"21st Century Cures Act\"\nboth houses of congress. President Obama signed the act on December 13, 2016. The reasons stated for his support included counting opioid abuse, advancing cancer research, advancing the BRAIN Initiative, advancing the Precision Medicine Initiative, and addressing bipartisan health issues. Stakeholders who praised the passing of the act include drug companies; medical device manufacturers; the National Institutes of Health; people advocating for lowered barriers to collecting human subject research data; Representatives Fred Upton (R-MI), Diana DeGette (D-CO), Timothy F. Murphy (R-PA); Senator Lamar Alexander (R-TN); and Vice President Joe Biden. Hospitals and universities, as well as the American Cancer Society",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208688",
"chunk_text": "\"National Breast Cancer Coalition\"\nprinciples and priorities which NBCC adopted in the Framework and includes important language, which NBCC's advocates worked hard to have included, requiring educated consumers have representation on any committees, boards, panels or commissions formed under the law. After four years of an intense and aggressive grassroots lobbying campaign by NBCC's nationwide network, on October 24, 2000, the Breast and Cervical Cancer Treatment Act (P.L. 106-354) was signed into law. This landmark legislation guarantees treatment to low-income, uninsured women screened and diagnosed with breast and cervical cancer through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Breast and Cervical Cancer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10525181",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer prevention\"\nthe 1970s, federally-funded efforts brought the importance of diet and early screening in the prevention of cancer to the public eye. 1971 - Nixon signs NCA, federally-funded cancer research established. 1974 - Disadvantaged women benefit from NCI-funded ovarian screening. 1977 - Senate Select Committee on Nutrition publishes dietary guidelines for cancer prevention. 1978 - Community Hospital Oncology Program (CHOP) 1979 - NCI diet for cancer prevention: low-fat, low alcohol, increased fiber, balanced diet. In the 1980s, early federally-funded programs and institutions were established to pioneer research in the field of cancer prevention. 1981 - Community Clinical Oncology Program. 1982 -",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15003841",
"chunk_text": "\"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center\"\nof the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation. With the help of Senator Warren G. Magnuson in 1972, PNRF received federal funding under the National Cancer Act of 1971 to create in Seattle one of the 15 new NCI-designated Cancer Centers aimed at conducting basic research called for under 1971 Act; the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center became independent 1972 and its building opened three years later The center was named an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in 1976. In 1998, the center formed the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA), a separate nonprofit corporation, with UW Medicine, and Seattle Children's. This solidified the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11310948",
"chunk_text": "\"National Breast Cancer Coalition\"\nOn January 15, 2002, S. 1741, the Native American Breast and Cervical Cancer Treatment Technical Amendment Act was enacted. This law helps ensure that American Indian and Native Alaskan women get coverage for breast and cervical cancer treatment. NBCC's advocates urged Congress to pass this legislation to help correct the unintended exclusion of these women from the Breast and Cervical Cancer Treatment Act. In June 2000, President Clinton issued an Executive Memorandum to require Medicare to cover the cost of routine patient care associated with participation in clinical trials. This Executive Memorandum implemented the policy goals of one of NBCC's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17454503",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer registry\"\nCancer registry A cancer registry is a systematic collection of data about cancer and tumor diseases. The data are collected by Cancer Registrars. Cancer Registrars capture a complete summary of patient history, diagnosis, treatment, and status for every cancer patient in the United States, and other countries. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) was established in 1973 as a result of the National Cancer Act of 1971. The National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) was established by Congress through the Cancer Registries Amendment Act in 1992, and administered by the Centers for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18303375",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health Common Fund\"\nCoordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives (DPCPSI) within the Office of the Director. Common Fund programs are expected to transform the way a broad spectrum of health research is conducted. Initiatives that comprise Common Fund programs are intended to be catalytic in nature by providing limited term investments in strategic areas to stimulate further research through IC-funded mechanisms. NIH Common Fund programs On 15 January 2007, The NIH Reform Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush after a delay of 14 years partly due to conflict over stem cell research. The act, among other things, established the Common",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10284615",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases\"\n\"\"Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research\"\". The law provided $150 million per year for type 1 diabetes research in FY 2010 and FY 2011. February 17, 2009—President Barack Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 (P.L. 111—5), providing the NIH with a two-year infusion of funding. The NIDDK developed a plan to use its portion of the ARRA funds to meet the stimulus goals set forth in the Recovery Act. This funding supported a range of biomedical research efforts across the Institute's research mission. June 15, 2010—H. Res. 1444, a bipartisan resolution recognizing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11766764",
"chunk_text": "\"Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act\"\ncalled it the \"\"first major new civil rights bill of the new century.\"\" The Act contains amendments to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. In 2008, on April 24 passed the Senate 95-0. The bill was then sent back to the House of Representatives and passed 414-1 on May 1; the lone dissenter was Congressman Ron Paul. President George W. Bush signed the bill into law on May 21, 2008. In 2017, HR 1313 was introduced which would let employers demand workers' genetic test results. In the 104th Congress (1995–1996) several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "674494",
"chunk_text": "\"21st Century Cures Act\"\n21st Century Cures Act The 21st Century Cures Act is a United States law enacted by the 114th United States Congress in December 2016. It authorized $6.3 billion in funding, mostly for the National Institutes of Health. The act was supported especially by large pharmaceutical manufacturers and was opposed especially by consumer organizations. Proponents said that it would streamline the drug and device approval process and bring treatments to market faster. Opponents said that it would allow drugs and devices to be approved on weaker evidence, bypassing randomized, controlled trials, and bring more dangerous or ineffective treatments to market. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17438503",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases\"\nscientists to carry out this research; and the dissemination of information on research progress in these diseases. NIAMS supports and conducts basic, clinical, translational and epidemiologic research and research training at universities and medical centers. August 1950—An arthritis program was established within the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases under Public Law 81-692. May 1972—P.L. 92-305 renamed the Institute the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases. 1973—Senator Alan Cranston introduced legislation that would eventually lead to the National Arthritis Act. Companion legislation was introduced in the House by Congressman Paul Rogers. January 1975—The National Arthritis Act (P.L.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10091788",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health\"\nbegan appropriating funds for the Marine Hospital Service. By 1922, this organization changed its name to Public Health Services and established a Special Cancer Investigations laboratory at Harvard Medical School. This marked the beginning of a partnership with universities. In 1930, the Hygienic Laboratory was re-designated as the National Institute of Health by the Ransdell Act, and was given $750,000 to construct two NIH buildings. Over the next few decades, Congress would increase funding tremendously to the NIH, and various institutes and centers within the NIH were created for specific research programs. In 1944, the Public Health Service Act was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6213648",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer research\"\nthe non-commercial funding of cancer research in the US was four times the amount dedicated to cancer research in Europe. Half of Europe's non-commercial cancer research is funded by charitable organizations. The National Cancer Institute is the major funding institution in the United States. In the 2016 fiscal year, the NCI funded $5.2 billion in cancer research. Difficulties inherent to cancer research are shared with many types of biomedical research. Cancer research processes have been criticised. These include, especially in the US, for the financial resources and positions required to conduct research. Other consequences of competition for research resources appear",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6370972",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer and Leukemia Group B\"\ngot its roots when James F. Holland initiated a clinical trial for acute leukemia in 1953 while at the National Cancer Institute. In 1954, before the trial was complete, Holland moved to Roswell Park Memorial Institute, but the new chief of oncology Gordon Zubrod at the NCI agreed to continue the trial, and a multicenter trial was thus born. In 1955, Congress granted $5 million for the study of chemotherapy and began the Chemotherapy National Service Center which was headquartered at the NCI. An interinstitutional protocol for the treatment of leukemia was started by Emil \"\"Tom\"\" Frei at the NCI,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15840976",
"chunk_text": "\"Presidency of Richard Nixon\"\ninitiatives to Congress in February 1971. The first, popularly referred to as the War on Cancer, resulted in passage that December of the National Cancer Act, which injected nearly $1.6 billion (equivalent to $9 billion in 2016) in federal funding to cancer research over a three-year period. It also provided for establishment of medical centers dedicated to clinical research and cancer treatment, 15 of them initially, whose work is coordinated by the National Cancer Institute. The second initiative, focused on Sickle-cell disease (SCD), resulted in passage of the National Sickle Cell Anemia Control Act in May 1972. Long ignored, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5864033",
"chunk_text": "\"United States National Health Care Act\"\nUnited States National Health Care Act The United States National Health Care Act, or the Expanded and Improved Medicare for All Act (), is a bill, first introduced in the United States House of Representatives in 2003 with 25 cosponsors by former Representative John Conyers (D-MI). The bill had 49 cosponsors in 2015. As of October 1, 2017, it had 120 cosponsors, which amounts to a majority of the Democratic caucus in the House of Representatives and is the highest level of support the bill has ever received since Conyers began annually introducing the bill in 2003. The act would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9887826",
"chunk_text": "\"The Cancer Prevention and Treatment Fund\"\nThe Cancer Prevention and Treatment Fund The Cancer Prevention and Treatment Fund is a Washington D.C.-based nonprofit program that is part of the National Center for Health Research (formerly National Research Center for Women & Families), founded in 1999. The president is Diana Zuckerman. The Cancer Prevention and Treatment Fund analyzes published research, explains contradictory research findings, and helps health professionals, patients, and consumers understand the implications by explaining the findings in reports, published articles, and on its website. The Fund's online cancer hotline answers questions sent by individuals. In addition, the Fund develops and distributes free booklets for people",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17454513",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer registry\"\n(date and cause of death or date of migration). Cancer registry A cancer registry is a systematic collection of data about cancer and tumor diseases. The data are collected by Cancer Registrars. Cancer Registrars capture a complete summary of patient history, diagnosis, treatment, and status for every cancer patient in the United States, and other countries. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) was established in 1973 as a result of the National Cancer Act of 1971. The National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) was established by Congress through the Cancer Registries Amendment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4359900",
"chunk_text": "\"Louise Slaughter\"\n55.7%-44.3% margin. In January 1987, Slaughter entered Congress. During her entire tenure, she was a \"\"fierce advocate\"\" for medical research, women's health, neurology and genetic rights. In 1993, as a member of the United States House Committee on the Budget Slaughter secured the first $500 million earmarked by Congress for breast cancer research at the National Institutes of Health. Slaughter was also a co-sponsor of the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993, and fought to ensure the legislation included language guaranteeing that women and minorities were included in all federal health clinical trials from that point forward. Previously,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13141142",
"chunk_text": "\"National Cancer Research Institute\"\nNational Cancer Research Institute The National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) is a UK-wide partnership between cancer research funders, which promotes collaboration in cancer research. Its member organizations work together to maximize the value and benefit of cancer research for the benefit of patients and the public. Rather than replace or duplicate any of the functions of its members, it seeks to add value through joint planning, coordination and collaboration. In May 1999, the UK Prime Minister held a Downing Street Cancer Summit which led to the formation of the Cancer Research Funders Forum, bringing together the main government and charitable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6980701",
"chunk_text": "\"National Cancer Institute\"\nTrials Network. The NCI played an early role in the discovery of anti-cancer drugs in the U.S. According to a 1996 NCI analysis of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), two-thirds of the anti-cancer drugs approved as of the end of 1995 were NCI-sponsored Investigational New Drugs: The NCI is divided into several divisions and centers. The NCI-designated Cancer Centers are one of the primary arms in the NCI's mission in supporting cancer research. There are currently 69 so-designated centers; 13 clinical cancer centers, 49 comprehensive cancer centers, and 7 basic laboratory cancer centers. NCI supports these",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9837280",
"chunk_text": "\"American Childhood Cancer Organization\"\nbetter to light a candle than to curse the darkness.\"\" Two other Candlelighters organizations formed simultaneously in 1970, one in Florida, the other in California. The initial focus of the Washington D.C. group was legislative; to achieve congressional and administrative support for increased funding for childhood cancer research during the Nixon Administration and the writing of the National Cancer Act. Parent to parent contact had such a profound impact on the parents and families of children with cancer in the initial three groups that they decided to form a national organization. It was mutually agreed upon that the metropolitan Washington",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11310949",
"chunk_text": "\"National Breast Cancer Coalition\"\nlegislative priorities. Medicare coverage of routine care costs associated with clinical trials helps to encourage consumer participation in clinical trials, which are the best means of finding the cause, cure and prevention of breast cancer. On February 8, 2000, President Clinton signed an Executive Order banning genetic discrimination in the federal workplace. NBCC worked tirelessly towards enactment of comprehensible, enforceable genetic non-discrimination protections in health insurance and employment. NBCC successfully worked with the Administration to cover individuals in the federal workplace through the Executive Order. Since 1998, NBCC has released a Congressional Record of Support. This guide tracks every current",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10063240",
"chunk_text": "\"Washington Cancer Institute\"\nWashington Cancer Institute The Washington Cancer Institute (WCI) is Washington, D.C.'s largest cancer care provider, treating more cancer patients than any other program in the nation's capital. The Washington Cancer Institute opened on May 9, 1992. The Cancer Institute diagnosed more than 2,305 new cases during fiscal year 2007. There were more than 79,720 outpatient visits and more than 2,334 inpatient admissions during that period. WCI provides comprehensive, interdisciplinary care including surgical, radiation and medical oncology services as well as counseling for patients and families, cancer education, community outreach program and clinical research trials. The Center for Breast Health saw",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19379385",
"chunk_text": "\"Breast cancer research stamp\"\nCure\"\" outlining where the right breast should be. On July 29, 1998, the Breast Cancer Research Stamp was issued at a White House event hosted by the First Lady Hillary Clinton with Postmaster General William Henderson, Senator Dianne Feinstein, Congressman Vic Fazio and Betsy Mullen. The stamp originally cost 40 cents; a regular first-class stamp cost 34 cents at that time. 70 percent of funds raised are donated to the National Cancer Institute and 30 percent to the Breast Cancer Research Program of the Department of Defense. As of May 2006, US$35.2 million had been donated to the NCI and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18231995",
"chunk_text": "\"National Science Foundation Network\"\n(DNCRI), Representative Boucher, Chairman of the subcommittee, said: … I think you should be very proud of what you have accomplished. Even those who have some constructive criticism of the way that the network is presently managed acknowledge at the outset that you have done a terrific job in accomplishing the goal of this NSFNET, and its user-ship is enormously up, its cost to the users has come down, and you certainly have our congratulations for that excellent success. Subsequently, the subcommittee drafted legislation, becoming law on October 23, 1992, which authorized the National Science Foundation … to foster and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12514241",
"chunk_text": "\"John R. Heller Jr.\"\nHeller was named director of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in 1948, serving until 1960. As the director, he led a series of drives for increased U.S. federal government funding for cancer research, a precursor of the so-called \"\"War on Cancer\"\". He was also president of the Cancer Public Health Association in 1957. Director Heller worked with the U.S. Congress to create the National Cancer Chemotherapy Service Center in 1955 within NCI. During Heller's tenure, the Institute helped stimulate the development of several second-generation agents of chemotherapy. The Institute and Public Health Association also gathered statistically valid data on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4189173",
"chunk_text": "\"National Institutes of Health\"\nserving as a proxy for the political currents of the time. During the 1980s, President Reagan repeatedly tried to cut funding for research, only to see Congress partly restore funding. The political contention over NIH funding slowed the nation's response to the AIDS epidemic; while AIDS was reported in newspaper articles from 1981, no funding was provided for research on the disease. In 1984 National Cancer Institute scientists found implications that \"\"variants of a human cancer virus called HTLV-III are the primary cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),\"\" a new epidemic that gripped the nation. In 1992, the NIH encompassed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "39307",
"chunk_text": "\"Children's Health Insurance Program\"\nfunding for CHIP through 2015. In 2015, Congress passed the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA), and it was signed by President Obama. CHIP expired on September 30, 2017. At the time, most states had sufficient funds to keep the program running for a period of months. On September 18, 2017, Senators Orrin Hatch and Ron Wyden introduced the Keeping Kids’ Insurance Dependable and Secure (KIDS) Act (Bill S.1827), which would fund CHIP until 2022. On November 3, 2017, the House of Representatives passed the CHAMPION Act, which also would fund CHIP until 2022. On January 22,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6362766",
"chunk_text": "\"Medical research\"\n$9.366 billion, years which represented the start of what is considered the \"\"doubling period\"\" of rapid NIH support. The second notable period started in 1997 and ended in 2010, a period where the NIH moved to organize research spending for engagement with the scientific community. Since 1980 the share of biomedical research funding from industry sources has grown from 32% to 62%, which has resulted in the development of numerous life-saving medical advances. The relationship between industry and government-funded research in the US has seen great movement over the years. The 1980 Bayh Dole Act was passed by Congress to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45231",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nfunding for cancer research has been quite beneficial over the last 40 years. In 1971, the number of survivors in the U.S. was 3 million and as of 2007 has increased to more than 12 million. In 2003, Andrew von Eschenbach, the director of the National Cancer Institute (who served as FDA Commissioner from 2006-2009 and is now a Director at biotechnology company BioTime) issued a challenge \"\"to eliminate the suffering and death from cancer, and to do so by 2015\"\". This was supported by the American Association for Cancer Research in 2005 though some scientists felt this goal was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17454505",
"chunk_text": "\"Cancer registry\"\nstate law, and evaluate efficacy of treatment modalities. There exist population-based cancer registries, hospital cancer registries (also called hospital-based cancer registries), and special purpose registries. In 1926, Yale-New Haven Hospital became the first to set up a cancer registry. In 1956, the American College of Surgeons (ACoS) formally adopted a policy to encourage, through their Approvals Program, the development of hospital-based cancer registries. In 1973, The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program of NCI establishes the first national cancer registry program. In 1992, U.S. Public Law 102-515 establishes the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and is administered by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45236",
"chunk_text": "\"War on Cancer\"\nand, noting the additional funding his administration has slated for cancer research, stated: \"\"Now is the time to commit ourselves to waging a war against cancer as aggressive as the war cancer wages against us.\"\" On 30 September 2009, Obama announced that $1 billion of a $5 billion medical research spending plan would be earmarked for research into the genetic causes of cancer and targeted cancer treatments. Cancer-related federal spending of money from the 2009 Recovery Act can be tracked online. The International Union Against Cancer (UICC) has organized a World Cancer campaign in 2009 with the theme, \"\"I love",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17210285",
"chunk_text": "\"Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act\"\nGabriella Miller Kids First Research Act The Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act (; ) is a law that ended taxpayer contributions to the Presidential Election Campaign Fund and authorized a pediatric research initiative through the National Institutes of Health. The total funding for research would come to $126 million over 10 years. At the time of its passage, national conventions drew about 23% of their funding from the Presidential Election Campaign Fund. It became law during the 113th United States Congress. Gabriella Miller was a girl who died of cancer on October 26, 2013 at the age of 10.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_456
|
what is the minimum wage in france per hour?
|
n/a
|
[
"11.16",
"€9.88 per hour."
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274291",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nminimum wage in France was set at €8.27 (~US$11.98) per hour. In 2004, 15% of the working population received the minimum wage. The minimum wage in France is updated every year in January by the government. By law, the increase cannot be lower than the inflation for the current year. In the recent years the increase was up to two times higher than the inflation (around 5% raise with an inflation around 2%). Germany’s national minimum wage law (\"\"MiLoG\"\" - \"\"Mindestlohngesetz\"\") came into force on 1 January 2015, introducing Germany’s first nationwide legal minimum wage to the amount of €8.50",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274290",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nParis region and one for the rest of the country, was indexed to price inflation but rose slower than average wages. It was replaced by (\"\"SMIC\"\" - \"\"salaire minimum de croissance\"\") in 1970, which remains the basis of the modern minimum wage law in France. France's national minimum wage (\"\"SMIC\"\") as of 1 January 2010 is €8.86 per hour, representing an increase of 0.5% over the previous rate. A previous increase of 1.3% as from 1 July 2009, brought the hourly rate to €8.82, up from July 2008, when it was set at €8.71 per hour. In July 2006, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12882203",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the minimum wage\"\nDenmark, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Cyprus have no minimum wage laws, but rely on employer groups and trade unions to set minimum earnings through collective bargaining. In July 2014 Germany began legislating to introduce a federally mandated minimum wage law, the \"\"Gesetz zur Regelung eines allgemeinen Mindestlohns (Mindestlohngesetz - MiLoG)\"\" (unofficial translation: \"\"Act Regulating a General Minimum Wage (Minimum Wage Act)\"\"), which came into effect on 1 January 2015. The minimum wage is set at €8.50 per hour. A French law passed in the National Assembly on 17 February 2015 and effective from the end of 2015 imposed statutory minimum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172848",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nfor calculating the allocation of certain social benefits beyond wages. The reason for this change was that the SMIG minimum wage, which was only indexed to prices, increased less rapidly than average wages due to the increase in productivity (which means fewer working hours are needed to produce the same quantity of goods), which President Georges Pompidou considered abnormal. The current minimum wage of France, SMIC, (as of 1 January 2015) is €1,457.52 gross monthly. Today, the French acronym \"\"SMIC\"\" is synonymous with the concept of \"\"minimum wage,\"\" and it is dated (as well as incorrect) to use the term",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274289",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nhave national minimum wages. Many countries, such as Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Austria, Italy, and Cyprus have no minimum wage laws but rely on employer groups and trade unions to set minimum earnings through collective bargaining. The first nationwide minimum wage in France was introduced via the Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage (\"\"SMIG\"\" - \"\"Salaire minimum interprofessionnel garanti\"\") law, passed in 1950 and accompanied by a High Commission for Collective Agreements (to set the wages based on average cost of living) and a companion law known as \"\"SMAG\"\" for rural/agricultural occupations. The SMIG, which established one baseline hourly wage rate for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172855",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nThe legal workweek in Morocco is 44 hours per week, which means by the summer of 2015 the Moroccan minimum wage for full-time employment will equal 30,796.48 DH / year on average 2566.37 DH / month (€228.51 / month according to the exchange rate on 29.04.2014). Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage The Interprofessional guaranteed minimum wage or \"\"salaire minimum interprofessionnel garanti\"\" ('SMIG') was the first statutory minimum wage in France, adopted in 1950. A number of former French colonies also have or have previously had a law with that name or a similar name. This article, adapted from the French Wikipedia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18621014",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nInterprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage The Interprofessional guaranteed minimum wage or \"\"salaire minimum interprofessionnel garanti\"\" ('SMIG') was the first statutory minimum wage in France, adopted in 1950. A number of former French colonies also have or have previously had a law with that name or a similar name. This article, adapted from the French Wikipedia entry, concerns the SMIG laws of France and Morocco. French sovereignty after the occupations of World War II was restored in 1945 and the French Fourth Republic began on 13 October 1946. The years leading to 1950 were politically contentious but focused on economic reconstruction from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3340345",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage\"\nstudies find no harm to employment from federal or state minimum wages, others see a small one, but none finds any serious damage. ... High minimum wages, however, particularly in rigid labour markets, do appear to hit employment. France has the rich world’s highest wage floor, at more than 60% of the median for adults and a far bigger fraction of the typical wage for the young. This helps explain why France also has shockingly high rates of youth unemployment: 26% for 15- to 24-year-olds.\"\" A 2018 study from the Center on Wage and Employment Dynamics at the University of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13956073",
"chunk_text": "\"Labour law\"\nthat pays the worker less than a minimum wage. An employee may not agree to a contract that allows an employer to dismiss them for illegal reasons. Many jurisdictions define the minimum amount that a worker can be paid per hour. Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Japan,South Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Paraguay, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Spain,Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Vietnam, Germany (in 2015) and others have laws of this kind. The minimum wage is set usually higher than the lowest wage as determined by the forces of supply and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11602993",
"chunk_text": "\"Social situation in the French suburbs\"\nis paid to a non-working family is similar to that which one would receive working at a minimum wage part-time job. In France, there is a minimum salary called the SMIC: \"\"salaire minimum interprofessionnel de croissance\"\". This is the minimal interprofessional wage which follows the economic growth of the country . It is illegal to hire someone for less than it. In 2005, the SMIC was 8.86 EUR per hour, 1,217.88 EUR per month for a full-time job. If a family has fewer than three children, it will usually receive financial aid in the form of Aide Personnalisée au Logement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274282",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nMinimum wage law Minimum wage law is the body of law which prohibits employers from hiring employees or workers for less than a given hourly, daily or monthly minimum wage. More than 90% of all countries have some kind of minimum wage legislation. Until recently, minimum wage laws were usually very tightly focused. In the U.S. and Great Britain, for example, they applied only to women and children. Only after the Great Depression did many industrialized economies extend them to the general work force. Even then, the laws were often specific to certain industries. In France, for example, they were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13926265",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage\"\nscope of coverage. Currently the American federal minimum wage rests at seven dollars, twenty-five cents ($7.25) per hour. However, some states do not recognize the minimum wage law such as Louisiana and Tennessee. Other states operate below the federal minimum wage such as Georgia and Wyoming. Some jurisdictions even allow employers to count tips given to their workers as credit towards the minimum wage levels. India was one of the first developing countries to introduce minimum wage policy. It also has one of the most complicated systems with more than 1,200 minimum wage rates. Customs and extra-legal pressures from governments",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16255357",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nminimum wage function. The basic wage set per month is NT$22,000, NT$140 per hour, effective July 1, 2018. Municipal regulation of wage levels began in some towns in 1524. The Trade Boards Act 1909 created four Trades Boards that set minimum wages which varied between industries for a number of sectors where \"\"sweating\"\" was generally regarded as a problem and where collective bargaining was not well established. This system was extended considerably after the Second World War; in 1945 Trades Boards became Wages Councils, which set minimum wage standards in many sectors of the economy, including the service sector as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274294",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nto €7.73 a day if lodgings and/or food are provided as part of a job. Trainees (including those over 18) are also entitled to different minimum wages, reduced as follows: Ireland's minimum wage prior to the €1 cut in the 2011 budget, was only fifth highest of eight EU countries surveyed for the British Low-Pay Commission Report in 2010, with the UK, Netherlands, France and Belgium all listed as having higher minimum wage rates when OECD Comparative Price Levels are taken into account. In Japan, minimum wage depends on the industry and the region. Industrial minimum wages apply for certain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13988222",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in the United States\"\nThis helps explain why France also has shockingly high rates of youth unemployment: 26% for 15- to 24-year-olds.\"\" Conceptually, raising the minimum wage increases the cost of labor, ceteris paribus. Thus, employers may accept lower profits, raise their prices, or both. If prices increase, consumers may demand a lesser quantity of the product, substitute other products, or switch to imported products, due to the effects of price elasticity of demand. Marginal producers (those who are barely profitable enough to survive) may be forced out of business if they cannot raise their prices sufficiently to offset the higher cost of labor.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13988221",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in the United States\"\n(aged 16-24), and teenagers (aged 16-19).\"\" \"\"The Economist\"\" wrote in December 2013 in sum that: \"\"A minimum wage, providing it is not set too high, could thus boost pay with no ill effects on jobs...Some studies find no harm to employment from federal or state minimum wages, others see a small one, but none finds any serious damage...High minimum wages, however, particularly in rigid labour markets, do appear to hit employment. France has the rich world's highest wage floor, at more than 60% of the median for adults and a far bigger fraction of the typical wage for the young.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274293",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nby the LegCo after much debate. Prior to this, a monthly minimum wage of HK$3,580 for foreign domestic helpers had already been set. In some trades, such as bar-bending and bamboo scaffolding workers in the construction industry, have daily minimum wage negotiated between the trade unions and employers' organisations. As of September 2018, the statutory minimum wage is HK$37.50 per hour. The minimum wage was introduced in Ireland in 2000 at IR£4.40 (€5.59) per hour, and as of 1 January 2018, it is €9.55 per hour. This is subject to reduction as follows: It may further be reduced by up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172846",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nthe Council of Ministers (the cabinet), which issued a decree that established the first SMIG rate at 64 francs (or 78 in Île-de-France, the Paris region). The decree did not apply at the time to certain parts of France: those overseas departments in French Algeria, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion. They would have their SMIG rate set later, depending on local conditions. The minimum rate in France also did not apply to agricultural occupations, which received a separate minimum wage law, called the SMAG, later in 1950 (see below). Defending the minimum wage as it was implemented under his first government,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274295",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nindustries and usually set higher than the regional minimum. If regional and industrial minimum wages differ, higher of two will apply. As of 2011, regional minimum wages range from ¥645 to ¥837 per hour for all workers. In fiscal 2011 the average minimum wage was raised by ¥6. On July 25, 2012 a subcommittee of the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare's Central Minimum Wages Council decided to recommend that it be raised by ¥7. This would raise the average minimum wage from ¥737 to ¥744. The cost of commuting, extra pay (such as working on holidays, at night, overtime,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1572975",
"chunk_text": "\"Youth unemployment\"\nhigher unemployment rates as well as longer duration. From 1983 to 2018 youth unemployment rate in France experienced an overall increase. It averaged at a rate of 20.19% reaching a max of 26.2% in 2012. From 1979 to 1984, France saw its legislated minimum wage, the SMIC (salaire minimum interprofessional de croissance), rise sharply. Historically, a rise in the SMIC has shown to result in increased unemployment rates amongst the country's youth population. At the end of this period, the unemployment rate for youths was 26%, almost double the average OECD youth unemployment rate. France also saw double digit declines",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13926264",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage\"\nhave no minimum wage laws, but rely on employer groups and trade unions to set minimum earnings through collective bargaining. Minimum wage rates vary greatly across many different jurisdictions, not only in setting a particular amount of money—for example $7.25 per hour ($14,500 per year) under certain US state laws (or $2.13 for employees who receive tips, which is known as the tipped minimum wage), $11.00 in the US state of Washington, or £7.83 (for those aged 25+) in the United Kingdom—but also in terms of which pay period (for example Russia and China set monthly minimum wages) or the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8743736",
"chunk_text": "\"France's 35-Hour Workweek\"\nmore than 20 employees. Small businesses had until January 2002 to prepare for the shift. Additional hours worked after 35 must be paid at the overtime premium of 25% for the first 8, then a 50% premium for every additional hour. Unions and firms signed an agreement to bargain the hourly wage increase to make up for the potential loss of income by the employee’s decreasing work time. Unions wanted to make sure that the reduced weekly hours would not result in a reduced income. Their slogan was ‘35 hours pays 39.’ To motivate companies to compromise with Unions, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172854",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\n2011 and then to 12.24 DH / hour from 1 July 2012 . Regarding the agricultural and forestry sector, the minimum daily wage will be at 60.63 DH as of 1 July 2011 and will be of 63.39 DH from 1 July 2012. So between 2008 and 2012 the minimum wage increased from 9.66 DH / h to 12.24 DH / h an increase of 26.7%. In 2014, the Moroccan government announced the increase of the minimum wage by 5% in July 2014 and 5% in July 2015 to move from 12,85DH / h 13,46DH / h in summer 2015.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172843",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nthe devastation of the war. The centrist coalition governments of the Third Force, positioned between the Communist left and the Gaullist right, adopted the country's first minimum wage law in 1950. However, the groundwork had actually been laid during the wartime Vichy government. According to the Paris-based Higher Institute of Labour (), in its history of minimum wage laws in France (translated from French Wikipedia): It was the Charter of Work issued on October 4, 1941 that paved the way. It referred to a 'living minimum wage' and this notion necessarily had a universal character: a subsistence minimum is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5098267",
"chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\nResidence allowance : 165.44 €. Duty allowance : 420.03 €. Added to this are : Compensation representative office expenses (expenses) of 6 412 € gross. A budget of pay between 1 and 3 assistants (full-time) 9 138 € gross. A family allowance for senators with families. Fringe benefits are these : Free access to the SNCF network (1st Class). Free taxis in Paris. Quotas for air travel. An individual office. Telephone lines and mails. An allowance to assist return to employment for 3 years to ensure a gross monthly income equal to the basic parliamentary allowance, and decreasing every 6",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274310",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nper hour. In addition to federal and state minimum wage laws, the US also has citywide minimum wage laws ($14.00 in San Francisco). According to the Economic Policy Institute, the minimum wage in the United States would have been $18.28 in 2013 if the minimum wage kept pace with labor productivity. To adjust for increased rates of worker productivity in the United States, raising the minimum wage to $22 (or more) an hour has been presented. International Labour Organization insists \"\"minimum wage fixing\"\" for rights of labours and has adopted Minimum Wage-Fixing Machinery Convention, 1928, Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery (Agriculture)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11371386",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in the United States\"\nMinimum wage in the United States The minimum wage in the United States is set by US labor law and a range of state and local laws. Employers generally have to pay workers the highest minimum wage prescribed by federal, state, and local law. Since July 24, 2009, the federal government has mandated a nationwide minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum. From 2017 to 2018, eight states increased their minimum wage levels through automatic adjustments, while increases in eleven other states occurred through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16375262",
"chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\nFree access to the SNCF network (1st Class). Free taxis in Paris. Quotas for air travel. An individual office. Telephone lines and mails. An allowance to assist return to employment for 3 years to ensure a gross monthly income equal to the basic parliamentary allowance, and decreasing every 6 months. The President of the French Senate receive an allowance of 14 370.70 €. The composition and amount of benefits provided to members were defined by an order of 1958. The monthly salary of members is 7 100.15 € gross per month, including : Basic parliamentary allowance : 5 514.68 €.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17198016",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in Croatia\"\nis 3,439 HRK (c. €460), which is equivalent to a net amount of 2,752 HRK (c. €370), or 43% of average monthly wage. In January 2018, minimum wage was received by 45,245 workers, down from c. 80,000 in 2014. Minimum wage in Croatia Minimum wage in Croatia is regulated by the Minimum Wage Act () and is defined as the lowest gross monthly wage for a full-time worker, based on a 40-hour work week. For workers who do not work full time, minimum wage is lower, in proportion to their working hours. Additional compensation for overtime work, night work, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11371404",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in the United States\"\nwage to $15 per hour by 2024 and index it to inflation. The Raise the Wage Act of 2017, which was simultaneously introduced in the House of Representatives with 166 Democratic cosponsors, would raise the minimum wage to $9.25 per hour immediately, and then gradually increase it to $15 per hour by 2024, while simultaneously raising the minimum wage for tipped workers and phasing it out. The legislation was introduced according to Senator Bernie Sanders to make sure that every worker has at least a modest and decent standard of living. In the United States, different states are able to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17839173",
"chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\nwas established to 21 194,52 € per month. It consisted of a basic allowance of 15 101.09 €, a housing allowance of 635.84 €, and a duty allowance of 5457.59 €. On May 17, 2012, the new Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault presented a decree reducing by 30% the salary of Prime ministre and ministers, which now stands at 14 836.16 €. During his presidential campaign, this measure was one of the 60 promises of the candidate Francois Hollande. Fringe benefits are these : - Free access to SNCF (1st Class). - Quotas for air travel. - Cars with drivers. -",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12509292",
"chunk_text": "\"Corporation tax in France\"\n€3 billion the rate will be 43.3 %. In 2012 a new tax credit was introduced to make France more competitive. Companies get a tax credit of 7% of total wage & salary costs up to a limit of 2.5 times the minimum salary (in 2017 the minimum salary was €1,460). The effect is to substantially reduce the effective rate of corporation tax. The tax credit amounts to 19 billion euros (about 40% of gross corporate tax take). Certain items of income are exempt from corporate tax: Corporation tax in France Corporate tax in France deals with the tax payable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13988209",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in the United States\"\ncity in the U.S. to reach a minimum wage of $15.00 per hour on July 1, 2018. New York City's minimum wage will be $15.00 per hour by the end of 2018. The minimum wage in Los Angeles and Washington, D.C., will be $15.00 per hour in 2020. Similarly, the minimum wage in Minneapolis, Minnesota will be $15.00 per hour by 2022. A growing number of other California cities have also enacted local minimum wage ordinances to increase the minimum wage to $15.00 per hour, including Berkeley, El Cerrito, Emeryville, Mountain View, Oakland, Richmond, and San Jose. Some minimum wage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17839172",
"chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\n€14836.16. During his presidential campaign, this measure was one of the sixty promises of the candidate Francois Hollande. Fringe benefits are these : - Housing at the Elysée Palace - A car with chauffeur - Free access to SNCF (1st Class) - Air Transport : The Transport Squadron, training and calibration ex GAEL, with an A330-200 CJ, two Falcon 900, two Falcon 7 X, a Falcon 2000, Falcon 50, three types AS332 helicopters. - The cuisine of Chef Bernard Vaussion. - Second homes (Marigny, Brégançon Fort...). - The presidential hunts. From 2002 to 2012, the salary of the Prime minister",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9075086",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in Taiwan\"\nMinimum wage in Taiwan The minimum wage in Taiwan is the lowest hourly or monthly remuneration that employers may legally pay to workers in Taiwan. It is also known as the basic wage. Taiwan's basic wage system is discussed in the third quarter of every year by the Basic Wage Committees and announced and implemented by the Executive Yuan after its approval. The current basic wage in Taiwan is NT$22,000 per month, or NT$140 per hour, since 1 January 2018, and will be raised to NT$23,100 per month and NT$150 per hour in 1 January 2019 . According to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2707770",
"chunk_text": "\"Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007\"\nFair Minimum Wage Act of 2007 The Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007 is a US Act of Congress that amended the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to gradually raise the federal minimum wage from $5.15 per hour to $7.25 per hour. It was signed into law on May 25, 2007 as part of the U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007. The act raises the federal minimum wage in 3 increments: to $5.85 per hour 60 days after enactment (2007-07-24), to $6.55 per hour 12 months after that (2008-07-24), and finally to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11570683",
"chunk_text": "\"German labour law\"\nGerman labour law German labour law refers to the regulation of employment relationships and industrial partnerships in Germany. In July 2014 the country began legislating to introduce a federally mandated minimum wage law, the \"\"Gesetz zur Regelung eines allgemeinen Mindestlohns (Mindestlohngesetz - MiLoG)\"\" (unofficial translation: \"\"Act Regulating a General Minimum Wage (Minimum Wage Act)\"\"), which came into effect on 1 January 2015. The minimum wage was initially set at €8.50 per hour, which has been increased to €8.85 in 2017. The European Commission introduced an infringement procedure against Germany on 19 May 2015, arguing that the application of this law",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17172851",
"chunk_text": "\"Interprofessional Guaranteed Minimum Wage\"\nconditions having been reconciled with urban living conditions. Morocco was a protectorate of France from 1912 until 1956, just a few years after the French government had introduced the SMIG minimum wage in France. French remains a recognized national language of Morocco and French legal influences like the SMIG continue up to the present. The \"\"interprofessional guaranteed minimum wage\"\" (SMIG) currently refers in Morocco to the country's hourly minimum wage in force now. As its name suggests, the minimum wage applies to all professional bodies with the notable exception of agricultural occupations. As France had done in 1950, Morocco made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11724500",
"chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Wage Act 1998\"\nNational Minimum Wage Act 1998 The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 creates a minimum wage across the United Kingdom, which from 1 April 2018 was £7.83 per hour for workers aged over 25, £7.38 per hour for workers aged 21 to 24, and £5.90 per hour for workers aged 18 to 20. (See Current and past rates.) It was a flagship policy of the Labour Party in the UK during their successful 1997 general election campaign and is still pronounced today in Labour Party circulars as an outstanding gain for ‘at least 1.5 million people’. The national minimum wage (NMW)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8206177",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in Taiwan\"\nNT$140 to NT$150, effective 1 January 2019. Minimum wage in Taiwan The minimum wage in Taiwan is the lowest hourly or monthly remuneration that employers may legally pay to workers in Taiwan. It is also known as the basic wage. Taiwan's basic wage system is discussed in the third quarter of every year by the Basic Wage Committees and announced and implemented by the Executive Yuan after its approval. The current basic wage in Taiwan is NT$22,000 per month, or NT$140 per hour, since 1 January 2018, and will be raised to NT$23,100 per month and NT$150 per hour in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13926263",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage\"\nrecognition of unions which in turn established minimum wage policy among their members, as in New Zealand in 1894, followed by Australia in 1896 and the United Kingdom in 1909. In the United States, statutory minimum wages were first introduced nationally in 1938, and they were reintroduced and expanded in the United Kingdom in 1998. There is now legislation or binding collective bargaining regarding minimum wage in more than 90 percent of all countries. In the European Union, 22 member states out of 28 currently have national minimum wages. Other countries, such as Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Switzerland, Austria, and Italy,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8743740",
"chunk_text": "\"France's 35-Hour Workweek\"\nwork 55 hours or more a week in 2008. Part-time workers put in an average 23.3 hours a week in France compared to 20.1 European average. After being implemented, the Aubry reforms were credited with lowering unemployment and expanding the economy, but now that overall unemployment rate is nearing double digits, so further reforms are being called for. As of July 2017, the overall unemployment rate in France is 9.7% and the youth unemployment rate is 22%. This has resulted in over 95% of strikes in France are related to job security, pensions and/or wages. France's 35-Hour Workweek France's 35",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4274288",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\nand to promote fair competition between enterprises.\"\" One monthly minimum wage was set for full-time workers, and one hourly minimum wage for part-time workers. Provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions are allowed to legislate for their own minimum wage separate from the national one. A law approved February 2013 mandates a nationwide minimum wage at 40% average urban salaries to be phased in fully by 2015. See List of minimum wages in China (PRC) for a list of the latest minimum monthly wages for various provinces or municipalities in China. In the European Union 18 out of 27 member states currently",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14308028",
"chunk_text": "\"Revenu minimum d'insertion\"\nto an INSEE 2001 study, a quarter of the RMI beneficents were either employed or in a remunerated internship. During the 21 months preceding the study, half of the beneficents passed through a period of employment, generally part-time, and a quarter only contrat à durée indéterminée (indeterminate length contract). The medium wage of the active people was of €610, after taxes. In 1994, in Metropolitan France, the number of claimants of RMI was 783,436; ten years later (in June 2004), it had increased to 1,041,026. In the DOM, it was 105,033 in 1994, and 152,892 in June 2004. By 31",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16255355",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage law\"\n3,000 (~US$ $54.15) per month in 2004 to PKR 4,000 (~US$ $69.32) per month in 2007 to PKR 4,600 (~US$ $75.78) per month in 2008 to PKR 6,000 (~US$ $85.42) per month in 2010 to PKR 7,000 (~US$ $83.83) per month in 2012 to PKR 8,000 (~US$ $86.39) per month in 2013 to PKR 10,000 (~US$ $102.56) per month in 2014 to PKR 12,000 (~US$ $124.10) per month Two minimum wage levels are enforced in Romania. For state employees, the level is set by law at 600 RON (~US$200). For all other employees, the wage is set at 440RON (~US$145)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16286022",
"chunk_text": "\"Hourly worker\"\nHourly worker An hourly worker or hourly employee is an employee paid an hourly wage for their services, as opposed to a fixed salary. Hourly workers may often be found in service and manufacturing occupations, but are common across a variety of fields. Hourly employment is often associated but not synonymous with at-will employment. As of September 2017, the minimum wage in the United States for hourly workers is $7.25 per hour, or $2.13 per hour for a tipped employee. As a tipped employee, wages plus tips must equal the standard minimum wage or the employer is required to provide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8888711",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum Wage in Germany\"\nadjusted every two years by the German government which is consulted by a minimum wage commission. Thus, the minimum wage was at 8.84€ per hour in December 2018 and is expected to rise up to 9.19 in 2019 and to 9.35€ per hour in 2020. In order to adjust the amount of the minimum wage, the German government implemented a permanent commission, which is composed of nine commissioners. The panel includes a president, three workers’ representatives, three employers’ representatives and two economist advisors that do not have voting rights within the commission. It assesses Germany’s overall economic performance to evaluate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2328306",
"chunk_text": "\"Minimum wage in Croatia\"\nMinimum wage in Croatia Minimum wage in Croatia is regulated by the Minimum Wage Act () and is defined as the lowest gross monthly wage for a full-time worker, based on a 40-hour work week. For workers who do not work full time, minimum wage is lower, in proportion to their working hours. Additional compensation for overtime work, night work, and work on Sundays and holidays is not included in the minimum wage. Minimum wage is recalculated once a year and is effective throughout the next calendar year. As of 1 January 2018, the minimum gross monthly wage in Croatia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19783482",
"chunk_text": "\"Culture of France\"\nThe negotiated on May 25 and 26th in the middle of the May 1968 crisis, reduced the working week to 44 hours and created trade union sections in each enterprise. The minimum wage was also increased by 25%. In 2000 Lionel Jospin's government then enacted the 35-hour workweek, down from 39 hours. Five years later, conservative prime minister Dominique de Villepin enacted the New Employment Contract (CNE). Addressing the demands of employers asking for more flexibility in French labour laws, the CNE sparked criticism from trade unions and opponents claiming it was lending favour to contingent work. In 2006 he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17641591",
"chunk_text": "\"French labour law\"\n(1936). This established the right to organise a union, to bargain collectively, a legal right to strike, and was followed by enactments which limited the work week to 40 hours, excluding overtime, and guaranteed paid holidays. The Grenelle agreements negotiated on May 25 and 26th in the middle of the May 1968 crisis, reduced the working week to 44 hours and created trade union sections in each enterprise. The minimum wage was also increased by 25%. In 2000 Lionel Jospin's government then enacted the 35-hour workweek, down from 39 hours. Five years later, conservative prime minister Dominique de Villepin enacted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_457
|
who is the cast of despicable me 3?
|
n/a
|
[
"Steve Carell",
"Nev Scharrel",
"Miranda Cosgrove",
"Pierre Coffin",
"Kristen Wiig",
"Trey Parker",
"Andy Nyman",
"Julie Andrews",
"Steve Coogan",
"Jenny Slate",
"John Cygan",
"Dana Gaier",
"Adrian Ciscato"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981885",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nthe third film. Steve Carell, Kristen Wiig, Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier, and Steve Coogan reprise their roles as Felonious Gru, Lucy Wilde, Margo, Edith, and Silas Ramsbottom respectively (with Julie Andrews reprising her role as Marlena Gru, and Pierre Coffin as the Minions). Carell also voiced Gru's long-lost twin brother Dru. New cast members included Trey Parker as the voice of Balthazar Bratt, and Nev Scharrel (replacing Elsie Fisher, due to being mature for the role) as the new voice of Agnes. The film received mixed reviews by critics and grossed more than its predecessors with over $1 billion worldwide.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650786",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nhis show cancelled following puberty. Steve Carell, Miranda Cosgrove and Dana Gaier reprise their roles of Felonious Gru, Margo and Edith from the first two films and Julie Andrews returns as Marlena Gru, Gru's mother from \"\"Despicable Me\"\" (2010). Kristen Wiig and Steve Coogan return from \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\", while Trey Parker (co-creator of Comedy Central's \"\"South Park\"\"), Jenny Slate and Nev Scharrel (replacing Elsie Fisher) join the cast. \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" premiered on June 14, 2017, at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival, and had a theatrical release in the United States on June 30, 2017, by Universal Pictures",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981884",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nwho recruits Gru to take down a new villain. New cast members include Benjamin Bratt as Eduardo; Bratt replaced the previously cast Al Pacino. Steve Coogan voices Silas Ramsbottom, lead director of the Anti-Villain League (AVL). The sequel was met with generally positive reviews and grossed more than its predecessor with over $970 million worldwide. A third film, \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\", was released on June 30, 2017. The film was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, and co-directed by Eric Guillon. Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio, the writers of the first two films, returned to write the screenplay for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650785",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nDespicable Me 3 Despicable Me 3 is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination for Universal Pictures. It is the third installment in the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" film series and the sequel to \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" (2013). The film is directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, co-directed by Eric Guillon and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. In the film, Gru teams up with his long-lost twin brother Dru in order to defeat a new enemy named Balthazar Bratt, a former child actor, obsessed with the 1980s, who grows up to become a villain after having",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981882",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\n9, 2010. It was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud, based on an original story by Sergio Pablos and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. The film stars Steve Carell as the voice of Felonious Gru, Miranda Cosgrove as Margo, Dana Gaier as Edith, Elsie Fisher as Agnes, Jason Segel as Vector, Russell Brand as Dr. Nefario and Julie Andrews as Marlena Gru, Gru's mother. It tells the story of Gru, a super-villain who adopts three girls, Margo, Edith and Agnes, from an orphanage to try and steal a shrink ray from Vector (otherwise known as Victor), his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650787",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nin 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema and IMAX 3D. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $1 billion worldwide, making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 2017, the fifth highest-grossing animated film of all time and the 29th highest-grossing film of all time. It is Illumination's second film to gross over $1 billion, after \"\"Minions\"\" in 2015, becoming the first ever animated franchise to do so. Former villain Gru is now an agent for the Anti-Villain League (AVL). He and his partner/new wife Lucy are sent to foil the plans of Balthazar Bratt, a former child actor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16934721",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nDespicable Me Despicable Me is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment as its debut film and project and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film was animated by the French animation studio Mac Guff, which was later acquired by Illumination. Directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud in their directorial debuts with a story by Sergio Pablos, the title references the main character as he refers to himself and is accompanied by a song by Pharrell Williams. The film stars Steve Carell, the voice of Gru, a supervillain who adopts three girls (voiced by Miranda Cosgrove,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17917506",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nfeature of all time in North America. In worldwide earnings, it is the sixth-biggest film of Universal Studios, the fourth-highest-grossing animated film of 2010 trailing \"\"Toy Story 3\"\", \"\"Shrek Forever After\"\", and \"\"Tangled\"\", the 25th-highest-grossing animated film of all time and the 9th-highest-grossing film of 2010. A sequel, titled \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\", was released on July 3, 2013. It is produced by the same team that was behind the first film along with directors Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud and writers Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. Steve Carell, Russell Brand, and Miranda Cosgrove reprise their roles; Kristen Wiig and Ken",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16934741",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nJeong returned but voiced new characters (Lucy Wilde and Floyd Eagle-san). New cast members include Benjamin Bratt as Eduardo, Gru's nemesis, and Steve Coogan as Silas Ramsbottom. Another sequel, titled \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\", was released on June 30, 2017. A prequel feature film titled \"\"Minions\"\", featuring the Minions as the main characters, was released on July 10, 2015. Written by Brian Lynch, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film, set in the 1960s, focuses on the Minions before they met Gru, where they compete for the right to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650795",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nemblem replaced with a \"\"D\"\" graffiti. Gru and Lucy decide to give them a five-minute head-start before engaging pursuit. Steve Burke, the NBCUniversal CEO, confirmed in September 2013 that a third film in the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" series was in development. Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio, the writers of the first two films, announced that they would return to write the screenplay for the film. On April 13, 2016, Trey Parker, co-creator of \"\"South Park\"\", was cast as the main antagonist for the film, Balthazar Bratt. The soundtrack for \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" was released on June 23, 2017. Pharrell Williams released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981883",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nrival, to shrink and steal the Earth's moon. \"\"Despicable Me\"\" received positive reviews, and grossed over $543 million worldwide, against a budget of $69 million, launching a new franchise. A sequel, \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\", released on July 3, 2013, was once again directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud, and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. Steve Carell, Russell Brand, Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier, and Elsie Fisher reprise their roles as Felonious Gru, Dr. Nefario, Margo, Edith and Agnes respectively. Kristen Wiig, who voiced Miss Hattie in the first film, voices Lucy Wilde, an agent of the Anti-Villain League",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202577",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nBalda, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film, set in the 1960s, focuses on the Minions before they met Gru, where they compete for the right to become henchmen of an ambitious villain, Scarlet Overkill, voiced by Sandra Bullock. A sequel, titled \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\", was released on June 30, 2017. The film was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, with Eric Guillon serving as co-director, and was produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio returned to write the screenplay for the film. Steve Carell, Kristen Wiig, Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650806",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nvisual wit and innate sweetness of the storytelling, and Carell’s cackling, cueball-skulled misanthrope — a (mostly) reformed scoundrel who can still have his cake, and arsenic too.\"\" Stephen Whitty of the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars, saying \"\"The film has to rush at the end, to wrap up all these different stories, and it still leaves one of them open-ended.\"\" Illumination's CEO Chris Meledandri revealed in an interview in September 2017 that a fourth \"\"Despicable Me\"\" film is in development. Despicable Me 3 Despicable Me 3 is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7651960",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nDespicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2 is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated comedy film and the sequel to the 2010 animated film \"\"Despicable Me\"\". Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures and animated by Illumination Mac Guff, the film was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud, and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. Steve Carell, Russell Brand, Miranda Cosgrove, Elsie Fisher, and Dana Gaier reprise their roles as Gru, Dr. Nefario, Margo, Agnes, and Edith respectively. Kristen Wiig, who played Miss Hattie in the first film, voices agent Lucy Wilde, while Ken Jeong, who played the Talk Show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12876603",
"chunk_text": "\"Kristen Wiig\"\nbun in the well received animated comedy \"\"Sausage Party\"\", and played a woman planning a robbery in the otherwise poor received film \"\"Masterminds\"\", based on the October 1997 Loomis Fargo Robbery in North Carolina and also starring Zach Galifianakis, Owen Wilson, and Jason Sudeikis. In 2017, Wiig provided her voice for \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\", and briefly appeared in the films \"\"Mother!\"\", directed by Darren Aronofsky, and \"\"Downsizing\"\", reuniting with Matt Damon. As of December 2018, Wiig is scheduled to star and executive produce, alongside Reese Witherspoon and Lauren Neustadter, in a new untitled 30 minute comedy series from Apple and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981880",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nDespicable Me (franchise) Despicable Me is an animated comedy film franchise produced by Illumination and distributed by Universal Pictures. It consists of four feature films (including a spin-off), eleven short films and additional merchandise. It centers on Gru, a reformed super-villain (who later becomes a dad and secret agent), his yellow-colored Minions; his three adoptive daughters, Margo, Edith and Agnes, and his wife, Lucy Wilde. The franchise began with the 2010 film of the same name and its 2013 and 2017 sequels \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" (2013) and \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" (2017). A prequel featuring Gru's Minions, titled \"\"Minions\"\", was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202578",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nJulie Andrews and Steve Coogan reprised their roles from previous films as Gru, Lucy Wilde, Margo, Edith, Marlena Gru, and Silas Ramsbottom, respectively. New cast members include Trey Parker as former child star-turned-supervillain Balthazar Bratt, Jenny Slate as AVL member Valerie Da Vinci, and Nev Scharrel as the new voice of Agnes. Steve Carell and Steve Coogan also voiced new characters: Gru's long-lost twin brother Dru, and his courteous butler, Fritz. Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud reprised their roles as the Minions, respectively. Despicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2 is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated comedy film and the sequel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202548",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nCarell, Russell Brand, Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier and Elsie Fisher were returning to reprise their roles. Kristen Wiig, who voiced Miss Hattie in the original film, voices Lucy Wilde, an agent of the Anti-Villain League (AVL) who recruits Gru to track and take down a tough, Mexican villain named El Macho. Steve Coogan joined the cast as Silas Ramsbottom, the head of the Anti-Villain League. On May 3, 2013, just a month before the film's premiere, producers announced that Al Pacino had left the film over creative differences about how his character should come to life. At the time of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981886",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nIllumination's CEO Chris Meledandri said in September 2017 that a fourth \"\"Despicable Me\"\" film is in the works. A prequel to \"\"Despicable Me\"\", featuring the Minions, was released on July 10, 2015. Written by Brian Lynch, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. Sandra Bullock voiced Scarlet Overkill, the villain of the film and Jon Hamm voiced her husband and inventor, Herb Overkill.. The film received mixed reviews by critics and grossed more than $1.1 billion worldwide. A sequel to \"\"Minions\"\" was officially announced on the date January 25, 2017,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650805",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nshoots multiple machine-gun bursts of bubblegum at the audience, asking them to chew and enjoy\"\" Peter Travers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" gave the film three out of four stars, saying \"\"Pierre Coffin (who voices the Minions) and co-director Kyle Balda keep the plot spinning merrily. Pharrell Williams contributes five new songs to the mix, including the hummable \"\"There's Something Special.\"\" It's no mystery why Illumination's franchise is still something special after three go-rounds – the box-office gross is a whopping $1.5 billion and counting.\"\" Leah Greenblatt of \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" gave the film a 'B' grade, saying \"\"What shines through is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2505640",
"chunk_text": "\"Minions (film)\"\nMinions (film) Minions is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy film, serving as a spin-off prequel to the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise. Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, written by Brian Lynch, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film stars the voices of Coffin (as the Minions, including: Kevin, Stuart, and Bob), Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, Michael Keaton, Allison Janney, Steve Coogan, and Jennifer Saunders, with the narration provided by Geoffrey Rush. It was first foreshadowed in the end credits of \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" (2013), where Kevin, Stuart,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16934742",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nbecome henchmen of an ambitious villain, Scarlet Overkill, voiced by Sandra Bullock. Despicable Me Despicable Me is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment as its debut film and project and distributed by Universal Pictures. The film was animated by the French animation studio Mac Guff, which was later acquired by Illumination. Directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud in their directorial debuts with a story by Sergio Pablos, the title references the main character as he refers to himself and is accompanied by a song by Pharrell Williams. The film stars Steve Carell, the voice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650803",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nfranchise.\"\" Peter Debruge of \"\"Variety\"\" wrote, \"\"\"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" is unwieldy, but it mostly works, as co-directors Pierre Coffin (who also voices the Minions) and Kyle Balda never lose sight of the film's emotional center, packing the rest with as much humor as they can manage. The jokes come so fast and furious, the movie can hardly find room for Heitor Pereira's funky score, and though Pharrell Williams has contributed five new songs to sell soundtracks (including the sweet \"\"There's Something Special\"\"), the movie hardly needs them.\"\" Alonso Duralde of \"\"TheWrap\"\" gave the film a mixed review, saying: \"\"Ultimately, none",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650788",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nfrom the 1980s who has turned evil. Gru manages to stop Bratt from stealing the Dumont Diamond, a giant pink diamond, but is unable to capture him. As a result of constantly failing to capture Bratt, Gru and Lucy are fired from the AVL by its unreasonable new director Valerie Da Vinci, following the retirement of the AVL's former director, Silas Ramsbottom. When Gru and Lucy return home, Gru and Lucy reluctantly tell their kids, Margo, Edith, and Agnes, of their dismissal, but assure them they will find new jobs. Most of Gru's Minions leave Gru when he refuses to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15266285",
"chunk_text": "\"Trey Parker\"\nplans to create their own production studio, Important Studios, in January 2013. The studio will approve projects ranging from films to television to theatre. On April 13, 2016, Universal Pictures announced that Trey Parker would be voicing the villain Balthazar Bratt in \"\"Despicable Me 3.\"\" The film, released in June 2017, was Parker's first voice role not scripted by either himself or Matt Stone. Parker married Emma Sugiyama. The officiant was 1970s sitcom producer Norman Lear. That marriage ended in 2008 after two years. Parker subsequently began a relationship with Boogie Tillmon, whom he later married. Their daughter, Betty Boogie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12523430",
"chunk_text": "\"Sergio Pablos\"\nmovie franchise based on his original screen story \"\"Evil Me\"\" and his own art design. He took the package unsolicited to Universal Pictures where he became the first of several screenwriters on the project as well as executive producer. In 2010 \"\"Despicable Me\"\"—starring Steve Carell, Jason Segel, Russell Brand, Kristen Wiig, Miranda Cosgrove, Will Arnett, and Julie Andrews—was a box office success, received a Golden Globe nomination, and became one of animation’s highest-grossing movies. Pablos continued work as a character designer on another animated feature, \"\"Rio\"\" for 20th Century Fox, which was released the following year. He received his second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202539",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nHost, voices Floyd Eagle-san. New cast members include Benjamin Bratt as Eduardo \"\"El Macho\"\" Pérez and Steve Coogan as Silas Ramsbottom, head of the fictional Anti-Villain League (AVL). \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" premiered on June 5, 2013 in Australia and had a wide theatrical release in the United States on July 3, 2013. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed over $970 million worldwide against a budget of $76 million. It was nominated for Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and for Academy Award for Best Original Song (for \"\"Happy\"\"), losing both to Walt Disney Animation Studios' \"\"Frozen\"\". It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20297900",
"chunk_text": "\"Pierre Coffin\"\nPierre Coffin Pierre-Louis Padang Coffin (born 15 March 1967) is a French voice actor, animator and film director best known for co-directing all four films in the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise and as the voice of the Minions, which won him the Kids Family Award at the 10th Seiyu Awards. Coffin was born in France to Yves Coffin, a French diplomat, and Nh. Dini, an Indonesian novelist. He was trained at the Gobelins animation school in Paris and started to work at Amblimation, the 2D London-based facility, where he worked on the Steven Spielberg-executive-produced \"\"We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story\"\". He then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650798",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\ntotal of $1.035 billion, against a production budget of $80 million. On September 8, it passed the $1 billion threshold, becoming the second \"\"Despicable Me\"\" film (after \"\"Minions\"\"), second non-Disney-animated film (after \"\"Minions\"\"), third film of 2017 (after \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" and \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\"), and the sixth animated film (after \"\"Toy Story 3\"\", \"\"Frozen\"\", \"\"Minions\"\", \"\"Zootopia\"\", and \"\"Finding Dory\"\") to pass the mark. It became the first film since \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" (also a Universal property) in April 2017 to make over a billion dollars. \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" calculated the net profit of the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20297902",
"chunk_text": "\"Pierre Coffin\"\nwith Kyle Balda. Pierre Coffin Pierre-Louis Padang Coffin (born 15 March 1967) is a French voice actor, animator and film director best known for co-directing all four films in the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise and as the voice of the Minions, which won him the Kids Family Award at the 10th Seiyu Awards. Coffin was born in France to Yves Coffin, a French diplomat, and Nh. Dini, an Indonesian novelist. He was trained at the Gobelins animation school in Paris and started to work at Amblimation, the 2D London-based facility, where he worked on the Steven Spielberg-executive-produced \"\"We're Back! A Dinosaur's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2505673",
"chunk_text": "\"Minions (film)\"\n2\"\", was officially announced and scheduled to be released on July 3, 2020. It will be directed again by Balda, with co-direction by Brad Ableson, and written by Lynch. Minions (film) Minions is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy film, serving as a spin-off prequel to the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise. Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, written by Brian Lynch, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film stars the voices of Coffin (as the Minions, including: Kevin, Stuart, and Bob), Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, Michael Keaton, Allison",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650796",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nthe new song \"\"Yellow Light\"\" for the soundtrack, which was made available through digital download and streaming. Some songs are unavailable on iTunes and Google Play. Notes The film premiered on June 14, 2017, at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival. and was released in the United States on June 30, 2017. This is the first Illumination movie to be released in Dolby Vision and to be in the 2.39:1 anamorphic format. The first official trailer for the film was released on December 14, 2016; with the second released on March 14, 2017. A secondary trailer, designed for TV usage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202547",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nsaid in July 2010 that a sequel was in the works. By June 2011, release was tentatively scheduled for July 3, 2013. Miranda Cosgrove stated on her official Facebook and Twitter page on October 14, 2011 that she had recorded her first lines, while Meledandri confirmed in February 2012 that they had started working on the film. In October 2011, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" reported that Javier Bardem was negotiating to voice a villain, named El Macho, but the negotiations failed. By February 2012, Al Pacino had joined the cast to voice the villain. In April 2012, producers confirmed that Steve",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12974529",
"chunk_text": "\"Animal Crackers (2017 film)\"\nany interest. In June 2013, Harvey Weinstein had seen a short film of the screenplay made by Sava and two months later the Weinstein brothers made an offer to buy the rights to \"\"Animal Crackers\"\". Sava co-directed the movie with Tony Bancroft and co-wrote the screenplay with Dean Lorey. Financing the movie were executive producers Mu Yedong on behalf of Wen Hua Dongrun Investment Co., La Peikang, board chairman of China Film Co., and Sam Chi for Landmark Asia. \"\"Despicable Me\"\" character designer, Carter Goodrich, was hired in October 2014. The voice cast was completed by casting director Jamie Thomason.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202551",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nCarell and Miranda Cosgrove were present at the red carpet premiere. In France, it premiered on June 12, 2013, as part of the Annecy International Animated Film Festival. The American premiere was held at Universal CityWalk in Los Angeles on June 22, 2013; Steve Carell, Miranda Cosgrove, Kristen Wiig, Benjamin Bratt, Ken Jeong, Elsie Fisher, Dana Gaier, Nasim Pedrad and composer Pharrell Williams were present at the \"\"yellow carpet\"\" premiere. The film was theatrically released in the United States on July 3, 2013. It was digitally re-mastered into IMAX 3D format and released in select international IMAX theatres. This film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650799",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nto be $366.2 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues, making it the third most profitable release of 2017. In North America, the film opened alongside \"\"The House\"\" and \"\"Baby Driver\"\", as well as the wide expansion of \"\"The Beguiled\"\", and was projected to gross $85–95 million in its opening weekend. It played in 4,529 theaters, setting the record for widest release of all time, beating the amount set by \"\"\"\" in 2010. It made $4.1 million from Thursday night previews, down slightly from the $4.7 million of the second film and $6.2 million made by \"\"Minions\"\", and $29.2",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981896",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nhad been downloaded more than 750 million times. A free-to-play mobile game developed by Electronic Arts (otherwise known as EA), titled \"\"Minions Paradise\"\", was released in summer 2015. Playing as Phil, players will help Minions design and build their own utopia set in a tropical environment. Novels written by Annie Auerbach are based on the films. \"\"Despicable Me Minion Mayhem\"\" is a simulator ride that opened on July 2, 2012 at Universal Studios Florida and on April 12, 2014 at Universal Studios Hollywood, starring Steve Carell as Gru, Miranda Cosgrove as Margo, Dana Gaier as Edith, Elsie Fisher as Agnes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16934728",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nfilm written and performed by Pharrell Williams, and performances by Destinee & Paris, The Sylvers, Robin Thicke and the Bee Gees. NBC (which is owned by Universal) had an extensive marketing campaign leading up to the film's release. Sneak peeks were shown in episodes of \"\"The Biggest Loser\"\". \"\"Despicable Me\"\" was also featured on \"\"Last Comic Standing\"\" when Gru comes in to audition. IHOP restaurants promoted the film by introducing three new menu items, a kids' breakfast meal, and a drink all having the word \"\"minion\"\" in them. Best Buy released a free smartphone application called \"\"Best Buy Movie Mode\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202540",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 2\"\nbecame the second-highest-grossing animated film of 2013 and the third highest-grossing film of 2013. It is also the most profitable film in the 101-year history of Universal Studios. A spinoff/prequel film, \"\"Minions\"\", focusing on the little yellow henchmen before they met Gru, was released on July 10, 2015. A sequel, \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\", was released on June 30, 2017. A mysterious vehicle using a giant magnet steals a highly potent mutagen known as PX-41 from a secret laboratory in the Arctic Circle. The Anti-Villain League (AVL), led by Silas Ramsbottom, tries to recruit former super-villain Gru to track down the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981897",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me (franchise)\"\nand Pierre Coffin as the Minions. A similar attraction (featuring a Japanese voice cast) opened on April 21, 2017 at Universal Studios Japan. The film series has grossed a total of more than $3.7 billion, with an average of over $927 million per film, making the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise the highest-grossing animated film franchise, and the 13th highest-grossing film franchise of all time. Despicable Me (franchise) Despicable Me is an animated comedy film franchise produced by Illumination and distributed by Universal Pictures. It consists of four feature films (including a spin-off), eleven short films and additional merchandise. It centers on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650804",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\nof these flaws will matter to the throngs of little kids who have made the previous \"\"Despicable Me\"\" movies (and the superior \"\"Minions\"\" spin-off) into giant global hits.\"\" Sandy Schaefer for Screen Rant gives the film a 3 out of 5 stars saying \"\"\"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" offers enough in the way of zany, irreverent entertainment (with a dose of heart) to please steadfast fans of the franchise.\"\" Jordan Mintzer for The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review saying \"\"This rather clever, breakneck-paced cartoon gives fans exactly what they want: Like the new nemesis voiced by Trey Parker, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3100517",
"chunk_text": "\"The Smurfs\"\nand \"\"Shrek the Third\"\" screenwriters J. David Stem and David N. Weiss. The film stars Jonathan Winters as Papa Smurf, Katy Perry as Smurfette, George Lopez as Grouchy Smurf, Gary Basaraba as Hefty Smurf, John Oliver as Vanity Smurf, Alan Cumming as Gutsy Smurf, Paul Reubens as Jokey Smurf, Hank Azaria as Gargamel, Neil Patrick Harris as Patrick Winslow and Jayma Mays as Grace Winslow, a couple in New York who help the Smurfs get back to their village. It was suggested that Quentin Tarantino would play Brainy Smurf, but this \"\"didn't work out\"\" so Fred Armisen voices Brainy instead.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6643071",
"chunk_text": "\"Happy (Pharrell Williams song)\"\nincluding all 360 four-minute segments. Williams himself appears 24 times in the day-long video, once at the start of each hour. There are a number of celebrity cameos in the video, including Whit Hertford, Kelly Osbourne, Rob Zabrecky, Magic Johnson, Urijah Faber, Sérgio Mendes, Jimmy Kimmel, Odd Future, Steve Carell (who plays Gru in \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\"), Jamie Foxx, Ana Ortiz, Miranda Cosgrove (who plays Margo in \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\"), Kazuchika Okada, Gavin DeGraw and JoJo. The minions from \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" make several appearances throughout the film, including one scene at 3:00 am, in which Pharrell Williams and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16934722",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nDana Gaier, and Elsie Fisher) from an orphanage; and the voice of Jason Segel as Vector, a rival of Gru who steals the Great Pyramid of Giza. When Gru learns of Vector's heist, he plans an even greater heist: to shrink and steal the Earth's moon. However, despite Gru's villainous intentions, he grows increasingly touched by the girls' growing love for him and find himself changing for the better because of it. Released theatrically on July 9, 2010 in the United States, \"\"Despicable Me\"\" grossed over $546 million worldwide against a budget of $69 million. It launched the \"\"Despicable Me\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9650801",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me 3\"\noffice (with a fresh record of 4,536 theaters showing the movie) behind newcomer \"\"\"\" ($117 million). Internationally the film was released in five markets on June 16, 2017, and grossed $9.9 million in its opening weekend. In its third week of release the film opened in 46 more markets, grossing $95.6 million. The film's largest markets were China ($158.2 million), Japan ($66.2 million), the UK ($62.7 million), Germany ($43.8 million) and France ($41.4 million). On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 59% based on 181 reviews, and an average rating of 5.7/10. The website's critical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12523428",
"chunk_text": "\"Sergio Pablos\"\nSergio Pablos Sergio Pablos is a Spanish animator and screenwriter best known as the creator of the \"\"Despicable Me\"\" franchise for Universal Pictures. He became the third sole-creator of an animated movie franchise that went on to generate over $1 billion from theatrical and ancillary markets after only one sequel. Sergio Pablos is from Madrid, Spain. After working as a key animator on \"\"Once Upon A Forest\"\" (1993), he moved to Paris, France to pursue a career opportunity at Disney animation. Pablos’ first job in animation with Disney Studios in Paris was as a character designer on \"\"A Goofy Movie\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10992118",
"chunk_text": "\"Illumination (animation company)\"\nthe film would earn $104 million in its opening weekend, $368 million stateside, and $875 million worldwide. \"\"Sing\"\", a comedy written and directed by Garth Jennings, was released on December 21, 2016. It was the first movie for the studio to have a Christmas release. The film would earn $56 million in its first 5 days, grossing $270 million stateside and $634 million worldwide. It also holds the record for the highest-grossing film not to ever be at #1 in its run. \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" was released on June 30, 2017, and became the 2nd film to earn $1 billion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9625148",
"chunk_text": "\"Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation\"\nHotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (known internationally as Hotel Transylvania 3: A Monster Vacation) is a 2018 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Sony Pictures Animation and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. The third installment in the \"\"Hotel Transylvania\"\" franchise, it is directed by Genndy Tartakovsky and written by Tartakovsky and Michael McCullers, and features Adam Sandler, Andy Samberg, Selena Gomez, Kevin James, David Spade, Steve Buscemi, Keegan-Michael Key, Molly Shannon, Fran Drescher, and Mel Brooks reprising their roles, as well as new additions to the cast including Kathryn Hahn and Jim Gaffigan. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19723366",
"chunk_text": "\"Kyle Balda\"\n2010s \"\"Despicable Me\"\" as the head of layout. Balda has also directed several short films and lectured at different animation schools. In 2012, Balda co-directed the Illumination's animated film for his directorial debut \"\"The Lorax\"\" along with Chris Renaud, starring Danny DeVito, Zac Efron, Ed Helms, and Taylor Swift. The film was released domestically on March 2, 2012 by Universal Pictures and grossed over $348 million with a budget of $70 million. In 2015, Balda directed another Illumination animated film, \"\"Minions\"\", along with Pierre Coffin. The film's voice cast included Coffin, Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, and Michael Keaton. The film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18289007",
"chunk_text": "\"Despicable Me\"\nfranchise series of films, including the sequel \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\" in 2013, another sequel, \"\"Despicable Me 3\"\" in 2017, and the prequel, \"\"Minions,\"\" released in 2015, which featured Gru's Minions as the main characters. A supervillain named Gru has his pride injured when an unknown villain steals the Great Pyramid of Giza. With the assistance of his sidekick Dr. Nefario and his Minions, Gru resolves to one-up his mysterious rival by shrinking and stealing the Moon. Knowing this is extremely costly, Gru seeks a loan from the Bank of Evil. Mr. Perkins - the bank president - is impressed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_458
|
who wrote put your hand in the hand of the man who stilled the water?
|
n/a
|
[
"Gene MacLellan"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13362464",
"chunk_text": "\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\nPut Your Hand in the Hand \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\" is a gospel pop song composed by Gene MacLellan and first recorded by Canadian singer Anne Murray from her third studio album \"\"Honey, Wheat and Laughter\"\". It became a hit single for the Canadian band Ocean, released as the title track to their debut album. The single peaked at No. 2 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, kept from No.1 by Joy to the World by Three Dog Night. The song also reached number four on the Adult Contemporary chart. The single version omitted the instrumental, that occurs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9505491",
"chunk_text": "\"Ocean (band)\"\nOcean (band) Ocean was a Canadian gospel rock band formed in 1970 in Toronto, Ontario. They are best known for their million-selling 1971 single \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\", penned by Gene MacLellan. The record sold over one million copies and received a gold disc in the United States awarded by the Recording Industry Association of America on 3 May 1971. Ocean consisted of Greg Brown (vocals, keyboard), Jeff Jones (bass, vocals), Janice Morgan (guitar, vocals), Dave Tamblyn (guitar), and Chuck Slater (drums). The album was recorded in Toronto in 1970 and originally released on the Yorkville label in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5561100",
"chunk_text": "\"Gene MacLellan\"\nGene MacLellan Gene MacLellan (February 2, 1938 – January 19, 1995) was a Canadian singer-songwriter from Prince Edward Island. Among his compositions were \"\"Snowbird\"\", made famous by Anne Murray, \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand, \"\"The Call\"\", \"\"Pages of Time\"\" and \"\"Thorn in My Shoe\"\". Elvis Presley, Lynn Anderson, Loretta Lynn, Joan Baez and Bing Crosby were among the many artists who recorded MacLellan's songs. MacLellan was born in Val-d'Or, Quebec in 1938. He grew up in Toronto in a working class Presbyterian family. As a child MacLellan contracted polio. MacLellan was one of the founding members of The Consuls,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5561107",
"chunk_text": "\"Gene MacLellan\"\ncan do.\"\" Gene MacLellan Gene MacLellan (February 2, 1938 – January 19, 1995) was a Canadian singer-songwriter from Prince Edward Island. Among his compositions were \"\"Snowbird\"\", made famous by Anne Murray, \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand, \"\"The Call\"\", \"\"Pages of Time\"\" and \"\"Thorn in My Shoe\"\". Elvis Presley, Lynn Anderson, Loretta Lynn, Joan Baez and Bing Crosby were among the many artists who recorded MacLellan's songs. MacLellan was born in Val-d'Or, Quebec in 1938. He grew up in Toronto in a working class Presbyterian family. As a child MacLellan contracted polio. MacLellan was one of the founding members of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19456428",
"chunk_text": "\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\nof a sinner that is touched by the hand of God. Mess of pottage is used to describe that for which a sinner might sell his or her soul. This term was first coined by John Capgrave in reference to the Biblical story of Esau selling his birthright to Jacob for lentil stew, found in . Welch's famous poem inspired other works. Contemporary Christian artist Wayne Watson recorded a song by the same name, with lyrics adapted to the music based on this poem. The song was written by John Kramp in 1974 while a freshman at Baylor University and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1055811",
"chunk_text": "\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\nbetween the second chorus and the second verse, as well as the repeat of the chorus and the final instrumentalist chorus, that ends without the fade. It went on to become 22nd best-seller of 1971. After MacLellan's suicide in 1995, his friend and fellow Atlantic Canadian musician Ron Hynes wrote the song \"\"Godspeed\"\" as a tribute, the lyrics for which reference the title of this song. 7\"\" single A1 \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\" – 2:52 A2 \"\"Tear Down the Fences\"\" – 2:53 The song was also covered in the 1970s by a number of other performers, including Elvis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10102920",
"chunk_text": "\"He's Got the Whole World in His Hands\"\nin the 1950s in the USA. It was the first, and remains, the only gospel song to hit #1 on a U.S. pop singles chart; \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand (of the Man)\"\" by Ocean peaked at #2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart in 1971; and \"\"Oh Happy Day\"\" by the Edwin Hawkins Singers reached #3 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in 1969. Mahalia Jackson's version made the Billboard top 100 singles chart, topping at number 69. Other versions were recorded by Marian Anderson (in Oslo on August 29, 1958 and released on the single",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15900592",
"chunk_text": "\"You Left the Water Running\"\nYou Left the Water Running \"\"You Left the Water Running\"\" is a soul music song written by Dan Penn, Rick Hall, and Oscar Franks which has been recorded by many artists, including Wilson Pickett, Barbara Lynn, Don Varner (1967), Billy Young, Maurice & Mac, Amazing Rhythm Aces, Bobby Hatfield, James & Bobby Purify, and Otis Redding. Redding's connection to the song is documented by music journalist Dave Marsh in his 1989 book \"\"The Heart of Rock and Soul\"\". In 1966, Redding was visiting FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, when studio owner Rick Hall requested Redding help them with an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10343411",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeff Jones (musician)\"\nJeff Jones (musician) Jeffrey Robin Jones (born September 20, 1953) is an American-born Canadian musician who was a member of Ocean and Red Rider. Jones performed with Alex Lifeson and John Rutsey in the first incarnation of Rush, serving as the primary singer and bassist in the summer of 1968. He was replaced by Geddy Lee in September 1968. He first gained fame as a member of the gospel rock band Ocean, which had a million-selling 1971 single \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\". The group disbanded in 1975. Jones later joined Red Rider (he performed bass on the song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20260144",
"chunk_text": "\"George Nelson Allen\"\nGeorge Nelson Allen George Nelson Allen (September 7, 1812 – December 9, 1877) was an American composer and geologist who was associated with Oberlin College, where he taught for 34 years. He is primarily known today for writing the melody to the hymn Precious Lord, Take My Hand. He also served on the first geological survey of Yellowstone National Park, under Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden. George Nelson Allen was born in Mansfield, Massachusetts, to Otis Allen and Susanna Allen. He had four siblings; his mother was a teacher. While living near Boston he studied music under Music Education pioneer Lowell Mason.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5016088",
"chunk_text": "\"Raymond B. Egan\"\nParade\"\", \"\"Red-Headed Woman\"\", and \"\"The Prizefighter and the Lady\"\". He later went on to writing songs with Walter Donaldson, Ted Fiorito, Harry Tierney, Richard A. Whiting. and Gus Kahn. Some of his songs are: Egan died in Westport, Connecticut, aged 61. He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970. One of his work (co-written with Richard A. Whiting) named \"\"Hands In Hand Again\"\" was remixed and covered by the dark ambient band Midnight Syndicate in their 2005 album The 13th Hour. Raymond B. Egan Raymond Blanning Egan (November 14, 1890 – October 13, 1952) was a songwriter.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10199439",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris Hosea\"\nChris Hosea Chris Hosea (born November 11, 1973, Princeton, New Jersey) is an American poet. Hosea earned his BA in English from Harvard University. He earned his MFA in Poetry from the University of Massachusetts Amherst's MFA Program for Poets & Writers. Pulitzer Prize-winning poet John Ashbery selected Hosea's first poetry collection, \"\"Put Your Hands In,\"\" for the Walt Whitman Award from the Academy of American Poets. Ashbery, in his judge's citation for the Walt Whitman Award, wrote that Hosea's poetry \"\"somehow subsumes derision and erotic energy and comes out on top...One feels plunged in a wave of happening that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19339946",
"chunk_text": "\"George Sessions Perry\"\nyears, he disappeared on December 13, 1956 after walking into a river near his home there; his body was recovered February 13, 1957 in a small stream and a coroner's inquest ruled accidental drowning. George Sessions Perry George Sessions Perry (May 5, 1910 – December 13, 1956) was an American novelist, World War II correspondent, and one of the highest paid popular magazine contributors of his time. He is remembered best for his 1941 novel \"\"Hold Autumn in Your Hand\"\", which won the National Book Award and the Texas Institute of Letters award in 1941. In 1945, French director Jean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10199444",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris Hosea\"\nContemporary Art. Hosea's visual and conceptual artwork is represented by Brooklyn gallery Transmitter. Chris Hosea Chris Hosea (born November 11, 1973, Princeton, New Jersey) is an American poet. Hosea earned his BA in English from Harvard University. He earned his MFA in Poetry from the University of Massachusetts Amherst's MFA Program for Poets & Writers. Pulitzer Prize-winning poet John Ashbery selected Hosea's first poetry collection, \"\"Put Your Hands In,\"\" for the Walt Whitman Award from the Academy of American Poets. Ashbery, in his judge's citation for the Walt Whitman Award, wrote that Hosea's poetry \"\"somehow subsumes derision and erotic energy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12530063",
"chunk_text": "\"Bury Me Down by the River\"\nand Bill Inglot which was not released until 12 November 2007 when Rhino Records reissued and remastered it. Arnold's version, recorded in the same studio, was released as a single on November 14, 1969 in Germany and in September elsewhere on Polydor and Atlantic Records. Its B-side was \"\"Give a Hand, Take a Hand\"\", also written by Barry and Maurice (the Bee Gees' would not release a version of the song until the Mr. Natural album in 1974.) After Arnold recorded the song, she recorded the Bee Gees' 1968 song \"\"Let There Be Love\"\", but it was not released. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7165481",
"chunk_text": "\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\nThe Touch of the Master's Hand \"\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\", also sometimes called \"\"The Old Violin\"\", is a Christian poem written in 1921 by Myra Brooks Welch. The poem tells of a battered old violin that is about to be sold as the last item at an auction for a pittance, until a violinist steps out of the audience and plays the instrument, demonstrating its beauty and true value. The violin then sells for $3,000 instead of a mere $3. The poem ends by comparing this instrument touched by the hand of a master musician to the life",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14091737",
"chunk_text": "\"Gene MacLellan\"\nMacLellan's \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\" became a hit, reaching number two on the pop charts in the United States. Over 100 performers, including Elvis Presley, Joan Baez, and Bing Crosby, have recorded \"\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\". In 1970 he released an album entitled \"\"Gene MacLellan\"\", which included \"\"The Call\"\", another of his compositions that became a hit for Anne Murray. His shy and introspective nature made public performances difficult for him. He made his first cross-country tour in early 1972. In Toronto, he played at Massey Hall, the Canadian National Exhibition, and the Riverboat coffee house.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19675846",
"chunk_text": "\"Henry Russell (musician)\"\nHenry Russell (musician) Henry Russell (24 December 1812 or 1813 – 8 December 1900) was an English pianist, baritone singer and composer, born into a distinguished Jewish family. Russell's career began in 1836, when at the age of 22 he traveled to the US and, in three seasons, earned no less a sum than £10,000. He subsequently lost this by investing in the United States Bank, which collapsed. Russell wrote the song \"\"A Life on the Ocean Wave\"\" and the tune to George Pope Morris's poem \"\"Woodman, Spare that Tree\"\" while living in the US from 1836 to 1841, before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7581750",
"chunk_text": "\"William Ross Wallace\"\nmarked by a splendor of imagination and an affluence of diction which show him the born poet.\"\" Edgar Allan Poe, a friend of Wallace's, referred to him as \"\"one of the very noblest of American poets\"\". Wallace died at his home in New York City on May 5, 1881, a week after suffering a stroke. He was working on a book to be titled \"\"Pleasures of the Beautiful\"\" at the time of his death. William Ross Wallace William Ross Wallace (1819 – May 5, 1881) was an American poet, with Scottish roots, best known for writing \"\"The Hand That Rocks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19880642",
"chunk_text": "\"Put Your Hand in Mine\"\nPut Your Hand in Mine \"\"Put Your Hand in Mine\"\" is a song written by Skip Ewing and Jimmy Wayne (under his birth name, Jimmy Wayne Barber), and recorded by American country music singer Tracy Byrd. It was released in September 1999 as the first single from his album \"\"It's About Time\"\". It peaked at number 11 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart. The song is a ballad mostly accompanied by piano. In the first verse, the narrator packs all of his stuff to leave his wife. His son gives him a drawing of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10277127",
"chunk_text": "\"Gentleman ranker\"\nrefers to the Biblical story of Reuben, who, for sexual misconduct, was told by his dying father, \"\"Reuben, thou art my first-born ... Unstable as water, thou shall never excel...\"\" (Genesis 49:3-4). Kipling's poem, in translation, was set to music by Edvard Grieg in 1900 (EG 156, \"\"Gentlemen-Menige.\"\") However, after he had completed it, he received a copy of the English original and was so dismayed by the omission of important passages that he did not publish it; it was published posthumously in 1991. The poem was set to music and sung at Harvard and Yale Universities in the early",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8728570",
"chunk_text": "\"Put Your Hand in the Hand\"\nPresley (who also covered MacLellan's \"\"Snowbird\"\"), Randy Stonehill, Frankie Laine, Donny Hathaway, Joan Baez, Dutch group Himalaya, the Les Humphries Singers, and a German-language version (\"\"Ich fand eine Hand\"\") [I Found a Hand] by Cindy & Bert. Bing Crosby recorded the song for his 1972 album \"\"Bing 'n' Basie\"\". Evangelist Garner Ted Armstrong covered the song in a January 1976 episode of \"\"Hee Haw\"\". Country acts Sandy Posey, Lynn Anderson, Loretta Lynn, and The Oak Ridge Boys also recorded the song. South African singer Ray Dylan recorded a cover on his album \"\"Goeie Ou Country - Op Aanvraag\"\". Put Your",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11782406",
"chunk_text": "\"Myra Brooks Welch\"\nbe able to play music, such as the organ which she used to play. Her hands were disabled, but she wrote poems on a typewriter by pressing the keys with pencil erasers, despite the pain that it caused. She was named \"\"the poet with the singing soul\"\". Myra Brooks Welch Myra Brooks Welch (October 12, 1877 – August 11, 1959 Los Angeles, California) was a poet that is known for her Christian poem \"\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\", which was also adapted into a film. Myra Brooks was born on October 12, 1877 in Farmington Township, Fulton County, Illinois",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8404644",
"chunk_text": "\"Myra Brooks Welch\"\nMyra Brooks Welch Myra Brooks Welch (October 12, 1877 – August 11, 1959 Los Angeles, California) was a poet that is known for her Christian poem \"\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\", which was also adapted into a film. Myra Brooks was born on October 12, 1877 in Farmington Township, Fulton County, Illinois to Mary (née Eshelman) and John W. Brooks. She was the youngest of four other siblings: Charles, David, Frank and Dessie. By 1900, she and her parents had relocated to Independence, Oregon, where she was working as a sales clerk in a store. Around 1901, she married",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5952630",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Me Your Hand\"\nGive Me Your Hand \"\"Give Me Your Hand\"\" (\"\"Tabhair dom do Lámh\"\" in Irish) is a tune from the early 17th century by Ruaidri Dáll Ó Catháin (c.1570-c.1650), perhaps in honour of a lady. It is one of the most widely recorded pieces of Irish traditional music. \"\"Give Me Your Hand\"\" is also the title of many other songs; e.g. Dorothy Stewart's unrelated song is well known. According to Edward Bunting, in The Ancient Music of Ireland, this harp tune was written in about 1603 by Ruaidri Dall Ó Catháin. This tune, revived by Seán Ó Riada, was originally a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5942852",
"chunk_text": "\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\nrecorded for Wayne Waston's first album \"\"Workin' In The Final Hour\"\" in 1980 and recorded 12 years later on his \"\"How Time Flies\"\" compilation project. The poem was adapted into two short-films: \"\"Touch of the Master's Hand\"\" (1980) directed by Jimmy Murphy, and \"\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\" (1987) directed by T.C. Christensen. Myra Brooks Welch was born in 1877 and died in 1959. While she authored many other poems, she is best known for this work. The Touch of the Master's Hand \"\"The Touch of the Master's Hand\"\", also sometimes called \"\"The Old Violin\"\", is a Christian poem",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18891410",
"chunk_text": "\"George Cupples\"\nGeorge Cupples George Cupples (August 2, 1822 — October 17, 1891) was a Scottish journalist and a writer, who became famous at the end of 19th century for his maritime novels. In particular, his novel \"\"The Green Hand: adventures of a naval lieutenant\"\" was considered \"\"one of the best sea stories ever written\"\" at the time. His wife, Anne Jane Cupples, also became a famous writer of juvenile and children books. George Cupples was born on August 2, 1822 in Legerwood manse in south-east Scotland in the family of Reverend George Cupples. His paternal ancestors were Calvinistic ministers for at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5952633",
"chunk_text": "\"Give Me Your Hand\"\nauthoritative evidence or references are known. The tune is sometimes claimed to be written by the famous harpist [O'Carolan], who lived some years later. However, there is no reference in the Bunting collection of O Carolan’s music. Nor should Ruaidhrí 'Dall' Ó Catháin be confused with another blind poet at around the same time, Rory 'Dall' Morrison. A number of apocryphal stories have circulated about the circumstances of the tune's composition; further details can be seen at Andrew Kuntz's The Fiddler's Companion. The Fiddler's Companion says English and Irish titles first seem to have appeared in 'A Collection of Ancient",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4383224",
"chunk_text": "\"River Man\"\nRiver Man \"\"River Man\"\" () is the second listed song from Nick Drake's 1969 album \"\"Five Leaves Left\"\". According to Drake's manager, Joe Boyd, Drake thought of the song as the centre piece of the album. In 2004 the song was remastered and released as a 7\"\" vinyl and as enhanced CD single including a video to the song by Tim Pope. The song is in a 5/4 time signature and is one of the few songs Drake wrote to be played in standard tuning. The string arrangement was composed by Harry Robertson, after Drake's friend Robert Kirby felt he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16644820",
"chunk_text": "\"Right in the Palm of Your Hand\"\nversion of the song was a duet; Crystal Gayle's older sister, Loretta Lynn, and Conway Twitty on their \"\"Two's a Party\"\" album. The best-known version today is Alan Jackson's, from his 1999 \"\"Under the Influence\"\" covers album. Right in the Palm of Your Hand \"\"Right in the Palm of Your Hand\"\" is the title of a country song written by Bob McDill. The song was first recorded by Crystal Gayle on her 1976 album Crystal. The only charting version of the song was recorded by American country music artist Mel McDaniel. It was released in July 1981 as the fourth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16644819",
"chunk_text": "\"Right in the Palm of Your Hand\"\nRight in the Palm of Your Hand \"\"Right in the Palm of Your Hand\"\" is the title of a country song written by Bob McDill. The song was first recorded by Crystal Gayle on her 1976 album Crystal. The only charting version of the song was recorded by American country music artist Mel McDaniel. It was released in July 1981 as the fourth and final single from McDaniel's 1980 album, \"\"I'm Countryfied\"\". It peaked at number 10 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and at number 17 on the Canadian \"\"RPM\"\" Country Tracks chart. Another 1981",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7581748",
"chunk_text": "\"William Ross Wallace\"\nWilliam Ross Wallace William Ross Wallace (1819 – May 5, 1881) was an American poet, with Scottish roots, best known for writing \"\"The Hand That Rocks The Cradle Is The Hand That Rules The World\"\". Wallace was born in Lexington, Kentucky in 1819. His father, a Presbyterian preacher, died when Wallace was still an infant. Wallace was educated at Indiana University and Hanover College, Indiana, and studied law in Lexington, Kentucky. In 1841, he moved to New York City, where he practiced law, and at the same time engaged in literary pursuits. His first work that attracted favorable criticism, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6220191",
"chunk_text": "\"Walk Hand in Hand\"\nWalk Hand in Hand \"\"Walk Hand in Hand\"\" is a popular song by Johnny Cowell, published in 1956. The biggest-selling version recorded of the song was sung by Tony Martin, reaching #2 in the UK and #10 on the United States \"\"Billboard\"\" chart in 1956. The same year, it was recorded by Andy Williams, whose version hit #54 on the chart, and by Ronnie Carroll, whose version reached No. 13 on the UK singles chart. A later recording by Gerry & The Pacemakers reached No.29 on the UK chart, No. 10 in Canada, and \"\"bubbled under\"\" at No.103 on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18133111",
"chunk_text": "\"Bunessan (hymn tune)\"\nof the village, on the road towards Craignure. The ruins of the house where she lived are also nearby. The English-language Roman Catholic hymnal also uses the tune for the James Quinn hymns, \"\"Christ Be Beside Me\"\" and \"\"This Day God Gives Me,\"\" both of which were adapted from the traditional Irish hymn St. Patrick's Breastplate. Another Christian hymn, \"\"Baptized In Water,\"\" borrows the tune. Sometime before 1927 Alexander Fraser heard the melody in the Scottish Highlands and wrote it down so that it came to the attention of Percy Dearmer, Ralph Vaughan Williams, and Martin Shaw. In turn, these",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8892136",
"chunk_text": "\"Hand in Glove\"\nrecognised as songwriters by having their songs covered by others. Their top choice was singer Sandie Shaw, who had scored several hits throughout the 1960s and was one of the most prominent British vocalists of her era. In the summer of 1983, Marr and Morrissey began asking Shaw to cover their song \"\"I Don't Owe You Anything\"\", which they had conceived with her in mind to perform. The pair sent Shaw various letters coupled with song demos. Shaw was sceptical at first; she was discouraged by the negative media attention that accompanied the Smiths song \"\"Reel Around the Fountain\"\", and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10949639",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Kowit\"\nteach classes at San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego and Southwestern College. Steve Kowit Steve Kowit (June 30, 1938 – April 2, 2015) was an American poet, essayist, educator, and human rights advocate. He received multiple awards for his poetry. His book \"\"In the Palm of Your Hand: A Poet's Portable Workshop\"\" has been used in high schools, colleges, universities and writing workshops across the country since its publication in 1995. Kowit was born in Brooklyn, New York where as a young man he frequently gave poetry readings at coffee houses. After a stint in the Army",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2861594",
"chunk_text": "\"God Moves on the Water\"\n1929 and by Mance Lipscomb in 1965, were made by Texans suggests an origin in that state. The title may allude to the Book of Genesis at : \"\"And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters\"\". If it does, the song may derive from an earlier gospel song, now lost. The following recordings are by notable musicians: God Moves on the Water God Moves on the Water is a gospel blues song recorded by Blind Willie Johnson in 1929 and released on a 78 rpm record by Columbia Records. The song describes the sinking of RMS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11709731",
"chunk_text": "\"John Hartford\"\nJohn Hartford John Cowan Hartford (December 30, 1937 – June 4, 2001) was an American folk, country, and bluegrass composer and musician known for his mastery of the fiddle and banjo, as well as for his witty lyrics, unique vocal style, and extensive knowledge of Mississippi River lore. His most successful song is \"\"Gentle on My Mind\"\", which won three Grammy Awards and was listed in \"\"BMI's Top 100 Songs of the Century\"\". Hartford performed with a variety of ensembles throughout his career, and is perhaps best known for his solo performances where he would interchange the guitar, banjo, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13400406",
"chunk_text": "\"Take My Hand, Precious Lord\"\nTake My Hand, Precious Lord \"\"Take My Hand, Precious Lord\"\" (a.k.a. \"\"Precious Lord, Take My Hand\"\") is a gospel song. The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey, who also adapted the melody. The melody is credited to Dorsey, drawn extensively from the 1844 hymn tune, \"\"Maitland\"\". \"\"Maitland\"\" is often attributed to American composer George N. Allen (1812–1877), but the earliest known source (Plymouth Collection, 1855) shows that Allen was the author/adapter of the text \"\"Must Jesus bear the cross alone,\"\" not the composer of the tune, and the tune itself was printed without attribution for many years.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11715029",
"chunk_text": "\"Rob Crosby\"\nRob Crosby Robert Crosby Hoar (born April 25, 1954) is an American country music artist, known professionally as Rob Crosby. Between 1990 and 1996, Rob charted eight singles on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. He has also recorded six studio albums, with his most recent, \"\"Catfish Day\"\", being released in 2007. He also co-wrote Eric Paslay's 2014 single \"\"Friday Night\"\", The Common Linnets' 2014 single \"\"Calm After the Storm\"\", Martina McBride's 2003 single \"\"Concrete Angel\"\", Andy Griggs' 2000 single \"\"She's More\"\" and Lee Greenwood's 1990 single \"\"Holdin' a Good Hand\"\" and has written songs for Lady",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1521731",
"chunk_text": "\"With Pen in Hand\"\nWith Pen in Hand \"\"With Pen in Hand\"\" is a song written by Bobby Goldsboro, which was a hit for several artists in the late 1960s and the 1970s. The song's lyrics address the subjects of divorce and losing custody of one's child, and are sung from the perspective of the parent who expects to be losing custody of their child, as they make a final plea to their spouse to reconcile before the divorce is finalized. The first version of \"\"With Pen in Hand\"\" to be released was by Johnny Darrell, in April 1968. Darrell's version was released as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6869587",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Bogle\"\nof the Forest\"\" being played over the grave of a World War I soldier. Bogle deliberately gave the dead soldier an Irish name (\"\"Willie McBride\"\") as a counter to the anti-Irish sentiment prevalent in Britain during the 1970s. This song has been covered by Alex Beaton (with \"\"A Scottish Soldier\"\" from \"\"The Water is Wide\"\"), Plethyn (\"\"Gwaed ar eu Dwylo\"\" (Blood on their Hands), sung in Welsh from \"\"Blas y Pridd\"\"), and Hannes Wader (\"\"Es ist an der Zeit\"\" (It is the Time)). American folk singer Charlie Zahm also has a version on his album \"\"Festival Favorites\"\", as does American",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1299218",
"chunk_text": "\"I Am Ready\"\nto achieve that certification. I Am Ready I Am Ready is American country music artist Steve Wariner's tenth full-length album. It was released in 1991 on Arista Records as his first for the label, following his departure from MCA Records. Singles from the album include \"\"Leave Him Out of This\"\", \"\"The Tips of My Fingers\"\" (a cover of Bill Anderson's 1960 hit), \"\"A Woman Loves\"\", \"\"Crash Course in the Blues\"\" and \"\"Like a River to the Sea\"\". Respectively, these reached #6, #3, #9, #32 and #30 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country charts. The album was certified gold by the RIAA, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11212319",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Row the Boat Ashore\"\nMichael Row the Boat Ashore \"\"Michael, Row the Boat Ashore\"\" (or \"\"Michael Rowed the Boat Ashore\"\", or \"\"Michael, Row Your Boat Ashore\"\", or \"\"Michael Row That Gospel Boat\"\") is an African-American spiritual. It was first noted during the American Civil War at St. Helena Island, one of the Sea Islands of South Carolina. It is cataloged as Roud Folk Song Index No. 11975. It was sung by former slaves whose owners had abandoned the island before the Union navy arrived to enforce a blockade. Charles Pickard Ware was an abolitionist and Harvard graduate who had come to supervise the plantations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9921588",
"chunk_text": "\"Bransford Vawter\"\nin the Nashville Film Festival’s inaugural Screenwriting Competition. Bransford Vawter Bransford Vawter was a poet from Lynchburg, Virginia. He has been described as Lynchburg's first poet. He is remembered for his poem \"\"I'd Offer Thee This Hand Of Mine\"\", which ended up becoming a popular song. He is also the subject of an award-winning screenplay \"\"The Poem\"\". Vawter, the son of a tailor was born in 1815. His parents were Benjamin Vawter and Milly Gutrey. Earlier on he had an interest in literature, especially poetry. His poem, \"\"I'd Offer Thee This Hand Of Mine\"\", which turned out to be his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5791147",
"chunk_text": "\"Ruaidri Dáll Ó Catháin\"\na speedy reconciliation. This incident furnished a theme for one of the harper's best compositions. \"\"Tabhair Damh do Lámh\"\" (or \"\"Give Me Your Hand\"\"). The name has been Latinized into \"\"Da Mihi Manum.\"\" The fame of the composition and the occasion which gave birth to it reaching the ear of King James the Sixth, induced him to send for the composer. Ó Catháin accordingly attended at the Scottish court and created a sensation.\"\" \"\"His performance so delighted the royal circle that King James I familiarly laid his royal hand on the harper's shoulder. When asked by one of the courtiers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16943814",
"chunk_text": "\"The Skye Boat Song\"\nthough it is in most miscellanies like \"\"The Fireside Book of Folk Songs.\"\" It is often sung as a lullaby, in a slow rocking 6/8 time. It was extremely popular in its day, and from its first recording by Tom Bryce on April 29, 1899, became a standard among Scottish folk and dance musicians. It was even more widely known from the 1960s onwards and has remained popular in mainstream music genres. It was performed to great acclaim and recorded by artist and social activist Paul Robeson in 1959 and 1960. Tom Jones recorded a version, which was arranged by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17428458",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Chapman (media personality)\"\nand the Starlighters, Otis Redding and Ben E. King. A falling out with their U.S. management company and dissatisfaction with the label's plans for them spelled the end of their Columbia contract, and, dispirited by their failure to crack the big time, the band split up in early 1969. After a year-long hiatus from music, Jim joined popular Canadian showband Leather and Lace for several months, leaving shortly before they changed their name to Ocean and had an international hit with Put Your Hand in the Hand. He then formed his own band, Bad Axe, with John Hotson, George Attrill,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6211155",
"chunk_text": "\"You Left the Water Running\"\nthe first time legally on the compilation album \"\"The Otis Redding Story\"\" in 1987. Though that box set is no longer available, the song has appeared in similar collections in the years that have followed. You Left the Water Running \"\"You Left the Water Running\"\" is a soul music song written by Dan Penn, Rick Hall, and Oscar Franks which has been recorded by many artists, including Wilson Pickett, Barbara Lynn, Don Varner (1967), Billy Young, Maurice & Mac, Amazing Rhythm Aces, Bobby Hatfield, James & Bobby Purify, and Otis Redding. Redding's connection to the song is documented by music",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4694346",
"chunk_text": "\"Hold My Hand (Hootie & the Blowfish song)\"\nHold My Hand (Hootie & the Blowfish song) \"\"Hold My Hand\"\" is the debut single of the American rock band Hootie & the Blowfish from their album \"\"Cracked Rear View\"\". All four of the band members (Mark Bryan, Dean Felber, Darius Rucker and Jim Sonefeld) wrote the song sometime in 1989, and it was released on a self-titled cassette EP the year after. Released in July 1994, \"\"Hold My Hand\"\" charted at number ten on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The song includes a backing vocal from David Crosby. Stephen Thomas Erlewine said that the song \"\"has a singalong chorus that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_459
|
who presides over the joint sessions of parliament?
|
n/a
|
[
"President"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14155660",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint Session of Indian Parliament\"\nJoint Session of Indian Parliament The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the makers of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President (Article 108) and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13215586",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nParliament, the first to do so was French President Albert Lebrun in March 1939. The speech from the throne upon the State Opening of Parliament is made before a joint sitting of both Houses. This occurs in the House of Lords, the upper chamber, due to the constitutional convention that the monarch never enters the House of Commons. The closing of each of parliamentary session is also marked by a speech to both Houses. The State of the Union Address of the president of the United States is traditionally made before a \"\"joint session\"\" of the United States Congress. Many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14155661",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint Session of Indian Parliament\"\nthe Deputy-Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Chairman doesn't preside over the joint session at any mens/cost. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House. As per Article 108 of Constitution, a Joint session of Parliament can be summoned in the following situations. If after a Bill has been passed by one House and submitted to the other House— (a) the Bill is rejected by the other House; or (b) the Houses have finally disagreed as to the amendments to be made in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403426",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nseats in that state, whereas from 51% to 56% of the vote yields only an equality of three seats to each major party or group. The Federal Assembly is a formal joint session of the two houses of the bicameral Austrian Parliament, to swear the elected President of Austria into office. The Chamber of Representatives and the Senate convene as United Chambers (; ; ) to swear the King into office, as stipulated by article 91 of the Constitution. The Canadian government procedure is called a joint address, with the members of the House of Commons attending the Senate as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2151435",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajya Sabha\"\ninfluence in a joint sitting of Parliament. A joint session is chaired by the Speaker of Lok Sabha. Also, because the joint session is convened by the President on advice of the government, which already has a majority in Lok Sabha, the joint session is usually convened to get bills passed through a Rajya Sabha in which the government has a minority. Joint sessions of Parliament are a rarity, and have been convened three times in last 71 years, for the purpose of passage of a specific legislative act, the latest time being in 2002: Unlike the Lok Sabha, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1047143",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint Session of Indian Parliament\"\nIN JOINT SESSION: 1. Dowry Prohibition Bill , 1961 2. Banking Service Commission ( Repeal) Bill , 1978 3. Prevention of Terrorism Bill, 2002 Joint Session of Indian Parliament The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the makers of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President (Article",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10320523",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\na ceremonial or formal occasion and does not perform any legislative function; and no resolution is proposed or vote taken. Joint sessions and meetings are usually held in the Chamber of the House of Representatives, and are traditionally presided over by the Speaker of the House. However, the Constitution requires the Vice President (as President of the Senate) to preside over the counting of electoral votes. The Twelfth Amendment mandates that the Congress assemble in joint session to count the electoral votes and declare the winners of the election. The session is ordinarily required to take place on January 6",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14465253",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nJoint session of the United States Congress A joint session of the United States Congress is a gathering of members of the two chambers of the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Joint sessions can be held on any special occasion, but are required to be held when the President delivers a State of the Union address, when they gather to count and certify the votes of the Electoral College following a presidential election, or when they convene on the occasion of a presidential inauguration. A joint session is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16217619",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint meetings of the Australian Parliament\"\nJoint meetings of the Australian Parliament This article is about Joint meetings of the Australian Parliament. Australia has a bicameral federal parliament, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Subject to the Constitution of Australia, each House has its own rules, standing orders and procedures; its own presiding officer; and meets separately, at dates and times it alone decides. However, there are some occasions when the two Houses have come together as a single body. The reasons for joint meetings have included: The Constitution makes provision for a joint sitting as part of a procedure to resolve legislative",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403430",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nNation address occurs annually, and presidential elections occur every six years, the only time that the other two conditions were met after the approval of the 1987 constitution was after the declaration of martial law in Maguindanao after the Maguindanao massacre. Joint sessions are typically held at the seat of the House of Representatives, which is at the Batasang Pambansa Complex, Quezon City. English and later British monarchs have jointly addressed the House of Commons and the House of Lords since the 16th century. Since 1939, foreign heads of state and dignitaries have been invited to address both houses of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2363316",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint address (Canada)\"\nJoint address (Canada) A joint address is a special procedure of the Canadian parliament in which members of the House of Commons and Senate sit jointly in the former chamber, which, for the occasion, becomes an auditorium. The Speaker of the House of Commons takes his chair as normal, with the Speaker of the Senate seated to his or her right. Members of parliament also take their usual seats, with senators and justices of the supreme court positioned on the floor of the house, in front of the clerk's table. Gallery privileges are suspended during a joint address and access",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14155663",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint Session of Indian Parliament\"\nhouse is prorogued or adjourned for more than 4 consecutive days. If the above conditions are satisfied, the President of India may summon joint sitting of both the houses of parliament. Not all bills can be refereed to a joint sitting of Parliament. There are two exception. 1. Money Bill Under the Constitution of India, money bills require approval of the Lok Sabha only. Rajya Sabha can make recommendations to Lok Sabha, which it is not required to accept. Even if Rajya Sabha doesn't pass a money bill within 14 days, it is deemed to have been passed by both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3878568",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nall objections are overruled, the presiding officer declares the result of the vote and states who is elected President and Vice President. The Senators then depart from the House Chamber. At some time during the first two months of each session, the President customarily delivers the State of the Union address, a speech in which an assessment is made of the state of the country, and the president's legislative agenda is outlined. The speech is modeled on the Speech from the Throne, given by the British monarch. There is a major difference, in that the President is the principal author",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3581217",
"chunk_text": "\"Italian Parliament\"\nplace in the building of the Chamber of Deputies at Palazzo Montecitorio and are presided over by the President of the Chamber of Deputies \"\"ex officio\"\". In this way, the drafters of the Constitution intended to establish an equilibrium with the power of the President of the Senate to exercise the functions of the President of the Republic when the latter is indisposed. Joint sessions take place for the following matters explicitly established by the Constitution: There is debate among legal scholars about whether the Parliament in joint session can make its own standing orders. Most scholars think it can,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403428",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nthe President of Germany. It includes members from the Bundestag and representatives of the States of Germany. In India, if an ordinary bill has been rejected by any house of the parliament and if more than six months have elapsed, the President may summon a joint session for purpose of passing the bill. The bill is passed by a simple majority of a joint sitting. Since the lower house (Lok Sabha) has more than twice the members of the upper house (Rajya Sabha), a group commanding a majority in the lower house of the Government of India can pass such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10320524",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nin the calendar year immediately following the meetings of the presidential electors. The Twentieth Amendment now provides that the newly elected Congress declares the winner of the election. Until 1936, the outgoing Congress counted the electoral votes. The joint session to count electoral votes is held at 1:00 p.m. Eastern time on January 6 in the Chamber of the House of Representatives. The sitting Vice President is expected to preside, but in several cases the President \"\"pro tempore\"\" of the Senate has chaired the proceedings instead. The Vice President and the Speaker of the House sit at the podium, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3878569",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nof his own State of the Union address, while the Speech from the Throne is customarily written by the Prime Minister. The Constitution of the United States requires that the president \"\"shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union,\"\" but does not specify whether the information should be given in a speech or a written report. The first two presidents, George Washington and John Adams, delivered the speech in person before both houses of Congress, but that practice was discontinued by Thomas Jefferson, who considered it too monarchical and sent written reports",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14465262",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nJames Sherman and the Marquis de Lafayette. Congress sometimes meets to mark the anniversary of a historical event or of a presidential birthday. The first such occasion was the centennial of George Washington's first inauguration in 1789. Congress has met to mark the centennial of the birth of each president since Franklin Delano Roosevelt, with the exception of Lyndon Johnson. Joint session of the United States Congress A joint session of the United States Congress is a gathering of members of the two chambers of the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States: the Senate and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403427",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nguests. There is no procedure in Canada for both chambers of the Parliament to sit in a true joint session. Various government agencies and non-governmental organizations may also meet jointly to handle problems which each of the involved parties has a stake in. The Congress of France is an assembly of both houses of the French Parliament, convened at the Palace of Versailles, which can approve certain amendments to the constitution by a three-fifth majority of all members. Since 2008, the Congress may also be convened to hear an address from the President of the Republic. The Federal Convention elects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17300727",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajya Sabha\"\nsittings of the Houses of Parliament of India are rare, and in the history of the Republic, only three such joint-sessions have been held; the latest one for the passage of the 2002 Prevention of Terrorism Act. The Vice President of India (currently, Venkaiah Naidu) is the \"\"ex-officio\"\" Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, who presides over its sessions. The Deputy Chairman, who is elected from amongst the house's members, takes care of the day-to-day matters of the house in the absence of the Chairman. The Rajya Sabha held its first sitting on 13 May 1952. The salary and other benefits",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403423",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\njoint session of the two houses elects the members of the Federal Council (cabinet). In India, disputes between houses are resolved by a joint sitting but without an intervening election. In the Australian federal parliament, a joint sitting can be held, under certain conditions, to overcome a deadlock between the two houses. For a deadlock to be declared, a bill has to be rejected twice by the Senate at an interval of at least three months, after which a double dissolution election can be held. If, following the election, the new parliament is still unable to pass the bill, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4288825",
"chunk_text": "\"Legislative session\"\nright of parliament to give priority to matters other than the monarch's speech (always written by the cabinet of the day). In the parliament of the United Kingdom, prorogation is immediately preceded by a speech to both legislative chambers, with procedures similar to the Throne Speech. The monarch usually approves the oration—which recalls the prior legislative session, noting major bills passed and other functions of the government—but rarely delivers it in person, Queen Victoria being the last to do so. Instead, the speech is presented by the Lords Commissioners and read by the Leader of the House of Lords. When",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13215578",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nJoint session A joint session or joint convention is, most broadly, when two normally separate decision-making groups meet together, often in a special session or other extraordinary meeting, for a specific purpose. Most often it refers to when both houses of a bicameral legislature sit together. A joint session typically occurs to receive foreign or domestic diplomats or leaders, or to allow both houses to consider bills together. Some constitutions give special power to a joint session, voting by majority of all members of the legislature regardless of which house or chamber they belong to. For example, in Switzerland a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15784089",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of the United Kingdom\"\nis, by modern convention, always granted. The Speaker's place may be taken by three deputies, known as the Chairman, First Deputy Chairman and Second Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means. (They take their name from the Committee of Ways and Means, of which they were once presiding officers, but which no longer exists.) Prior to July 2006, the House of Lords was presided over by a Lord Chancellor (a Cabinet member), whose influence as Speaker was very limited (whilst the powers belonging to the Speaker of the House of Commons are vast). However, as part of the Constitutional Reform Act",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2012233",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the Lok Sabha\"\nspeaker is fixed by the president. Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker. The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both houses of the Parliament of India. The counterpart of the speaker in the Rajya Sabha (Council of the States) is its chairperson; the Vice President of India is the \"\"ex-officio\"\" chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. On the order of precedence, the Speaker of Lok Sabha ranks sixth, along with the Chief Justice of India. The speaker is answerable to the house. Both the speaker and deputy speaker may",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17319401",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Sierra Leone\"\nas the President may by Proclamation appoint. When Parliament is recalled under this section after having been dissolved: the session of that Parliament held next before that dissolution; and the session or sessions of that Parliament held between the date of its first sitting and of the next dissolution thereafter, shall be deemed together to form one session. Presiding in Parliament There shall preside at any sitting of Parliament, the Speaker or in the absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker or in the absence of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, such Member of Parliament as may be elected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3878574",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session of the United States Congress\"\nas a \"\"moving moment.\"\" The most recent addresses by foreign dignitaries were given by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on June 8, 2016, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on April 29, 2015, and Pope Francis on September 24, 2015. The Pope did not address the joint session as a religious dignitary but as a head of state. All foreign heads of state and heads of government are presented officially to Congress in the same manner as the President during the State of the Union Address and are introduced by the Speaker by their diplomatic style of address, followed by their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17902262",
"chunk_text": "\"Legislatures of the United Kingdom\"\nUK Parliament, the British Parliament, the Westminster Parliament or \"\"Westminster\"\") is the supreme legislative body for the United Kingdom and also for English Law. It alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in the UK and its territories. Its head is the Sovereign of the United Kingdom (currently Queen Elizabeth II) and its seat is the Palace of Westminster in Westminster, London. The United Kingdom Legislation may take the form of Acts (passed directly by Parliament) or Statutory Instruments, made under the authority of an Act of Parliament by either a government minister or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16087970",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of India\"\nParliament of India The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. The Parliament is composed of the President of India and the houses. It is a bicameral legislature with two houses: the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The President in his role as head of legislature has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha. The president can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the Prime Minister and his Union Council of Ministers. Those elected or nominated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15518069",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat\"\nSpeaker of the Dewan Rakyat The Speaker of the House of Representatives () is the presiding officer of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the Parliament of Malaysia. He is responsible for convening sessions of the Dewan Rakyat, organising debates, and examining the admissibility of petitions, bills and amendments. In the absence of the Speaker, one of his deputies will take his place. The current Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat is independent candidate Mohamad Arif Md Yusof, while his deputies are Mohd Rashid Hasnon and Nga Kor Ming, both from the Pakatan Harapan coalition. The Speaker determines when a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4842551",
"chunk_text": "\"State Opening of Parliament\"\npractice in 2016. The Speaker proceeds to attend the summons at once. The Sergeant-at-Arms picks up the ceremonial mace and, with the Speaker and Black Rod, leads the Members of the House of Commons as they walk, in pairs, towards the House of Lords. By custom, the members saunter, with much discussion and joking, rather than formally process. The Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition followed by The Deputy Prime Minister, First Secretary of State or another member of the government and the Deputy Leader of the Opposition usually walk side by side, leading the two lines of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17300732",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajya Sabha\"\nLok Sabha. Article 108 provides for a joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament in certain cases. A joint sitting can be convened by the President of India when one house has either rejected a bill passed by the other house, has not taken any action on a bill transmitted to it by the other house for six months, or has disagreed to the amendments proposed by the Lok Sabha on a bill passed by it. Considering that the numerical strength of Lok Sabha is more than twice that of Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha tends to have a greater",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1707765",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)\"\nas Speaker when the House sat at the start of the new parliaments on 18 May 2015 and 13 June 2017. The Speaker presides over the House's debates, determining which members may speak. The Speaker is also responsible for maintaining order during debate, and may punish members who break the rules of the House. Unlike presiding officers of legislatures in many other countries, the Speaker remains strictly non-partisan, and renounces all affiliation with his or her former political party when taking office as well as when leaving the office. The Speaker does not take part in debate or vote (except",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10403432",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint session\"\nstates refer to an analogous event as a \"\"joint convention\"\". Such assemblies are typically held in the chamber of the lower house as the larger body. State constitutions of U.S. states may require joint conventions for other purposes; for example Tennessee's requires such to elect the secretary of state, the state treasurer, and the comptroller of the treasury. The first foreign dignitary to address a joint session of Congress was Ambassador André de La Boulaye of France who addressed a joint session on May 20, 1934. Joint session A joint session or joint convention is, most broadly, when two normally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11194493",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of the United Kingdom\"\n\"\"pro forma\"\" to symbolise their right to deliberate independently of the monarch. In the House of Lords, the bill is called the Select Vestries Bill, while the Commons equivalent is the Outlawries Bill. The Bills are considered for the sake of form only, and do not make any actual progress. Both houses of the British Parliament are presided over by a speaker, the Speaker of the House for the Commons and the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords. For the Commons, the approval of the Sovereign is theoretically required before the election of the Speaker becomes valid, but it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15784061",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of the United Kingdom\"\nparliament is bicameral but has three parts, consisting of the Sovereign (the Queen-in-Parliament), an upper house (but in fact the second chamber) called the House of Lords, and a so-called \"\"lower house\"\" (but in fact the primary chamber) called the House of Commons. The House of Lords includes two different types of members: the Lords Spiritual, consisting of the most senior bishops of the Church of England, and the Lords Temporal, consisting mainly of life peers, appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister, and of 92 hereditary peers, sitting either by virtue of holding a royal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4842538",
"chunk_text": "\"State Opening of Parliament\"\n1959 and Michael Ramsey in 1963), empowered by the Queen. The Lord Chancellor (Viscount Kilmuir in 1959 and Lord Dilhorne in 1963) read the Queen's Speech on those occasions. The State Opening of Parliament is a ceremony loaded with historical ritual and symbolic significance for the governance of the United Kingdom. In one place are assembled the members of all three branches of government, of which the Monarch is the authority and nominal head in each part: the Crown-in-Parliament, (the Queen, together with the House of Commons and the House of Lords), constitutes the legislature; the Queen-in-Council, Her Majesty's Ministers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16087975",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of India\"\ncomplex. The new building is being considered on account of the stability concerns regarding the current complex. A committee to suggest alternatives to the current building has been set up by the Former Speaker, Meira Kumar. The present building, an 85-year-old structure suffers from inadequacy of space to house members and their staff and is thought to suffer from structural issues. The building also needs to be protected because of its heritage tag. The Indian Parliament consists of two houses called the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha with the President of India acting as their head. The President of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8447420",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Singapore\"\nor gratuity, and the president may reduce or withhold pensions and gratuities upon an MP's conviction for corruption. The Speaker has overall charge of the administration of Parliament and its secretariat. His or her official role is to preside over parliamentary sittings, moderating debates and making decisions based on the Standing Orders of Parliament for the proper conduct of parliamentary business. The Speaker does not participate in debates, but can abstain or vote for or against a motion if he or she is entitled to do so by virtue of being an MP. The Speaker also acts as the representative",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18884456",
"chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nis the head of state and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces whilst the elected prime minister acts as the head of the executive, and is responsible for running the union government. The parliament is bicameral in nature, with the Lok Sabha being the lower house, and the Rajya Sabha the upper house. The judiciary systematically contains an apex supreme court, 24 high courts, and several district courts, all inferior to the supreme court. The basic civil and criminal laws governing the citizens of India are set down in major parliamentary legislation, such as the civil procedure code, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16217622",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint meetings of the Australian Parliament\"\nSection 44 of the \"\"Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918\"\". A joint sitting of the federal parliament would still be used to fill a casual vacancy in the representation of any external territory, in the event that such a territory ever gains separate Senate representation. On 9 May 2001, the Parliament met in a special joint sitting at the site of the 1st Parliament, the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne, to commemorate the Centenary of that event specifically, and the Centenary of Federation more generally. The joint sitting was addressed by the Governor-General, Sir William Deane. During World War II, the Parliament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3935723",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronnie Abeysinghe\"\nas Serjeant-at-Arms. He remained in the position for 26 years, a record for the most senior Serjeant-at-Arms of Parliament in the Commonwealth. He served under Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike, President J. R. Jayewardene, Ranasinghe Premadasa, Dingiri Banda Wijetunga, and Chandrika Kumaratunge in his service in the parliament. He was mainly responsible for all ceremonial occasions as the master of ceremonies in Parliament, preservation of order, custody of the Mace, security, admission of visitors, allocation of accommodation within the House and supervision of the galleries. The Serjeant-at-Arms is responsible for the overall security of the Parliamentary Estate. He was in charge",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15611064",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Singapore\"\nis entitled to make, amend and revoke. If there is any matter not provided for by the Standing Orders, or any question relating to the interpretation or application of any Standing Order, the Speaker of Parliament decides how it should be dealt with. He may have regard to the practice of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, but is not bound to follow it. Parliament convenes when it is in session. The first session of a particular Parliament commences when Parliament meets after being formed following a general election. Each year there must be at least one session,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1707764",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)\"\nSpeaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom) The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The office is currently held by John Bercow, who was initially elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin. He was returned as an MP in the 2010 general election and was re-elected as Speaker when the House sat at the start of the new parliament on 18 May 2010. He was again returned as an MP in the 2015 general election and was re-elected, unopposed,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1163001",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Congress\"\nwith Wilson in 1913. Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings are traditionally presided over by the Speaker of the House except when counting presidential electoral votes when the Vice President (acting as the President of the Senate) presides. Ideas for legislation can come from members, lobbyists, state legislatures, constituents, legislative counsel, or executive agencies. Anyone can write a bill, but only members of Congress may introduce bills. Most bills are not written by Congress members, but originate from the Executive branch; interest groups often draft bills as well. The usual next step is for the proposal to be passed to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19993353",
"chunk_text": "\"Procedures of the United States Congress\"\nthe Throne given by the British monarch, and is mandated by the Constitution of the United States—though it is not necessarily required to be delivered each year or in the customary manner. Thomas Jefferson discontinued the original practice of delivering the speech in person before both houses of Congress, deeming it too monarchical. Instead, Jefferson and his successors sent a written message to Congress each year. In 1913, President Woodrow Wilson reestablished the practice of personally attending to deliver the speech; few Presidents have deviated from this custom since. Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings are traditionally presided over by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16217624",
"chunk_text": "\"Joint meetings of the Australian Parliament\"\nof the House of Representatives on 26 March 1942, and addressed members of Parliament from outside the chamber later that day. The first address by an invited guest to the Parliament in a formally convened joint sitting of which there was an official record was on 2 January 1992, by the US President, George H. W. Bush. Later addresses to joint sittings were from US presidents Bill Clinton (1996) and George W. Bush (2003); and President of China Hu Jintao (2003). (George W. Bush's and Hu Jintao's addresses occurred on consecutive days in October 2003.) Subsequently, the Senate Standing Committee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15123867",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of New South Wales\"\nthat used for elections to the federal Senate. In the running of Parliament, the two presiding officers have a role that is similar to Ministers and their departments. The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and the President of the Legislative Council are responsible for the employing of staff. In consultation with the parliamentary clerks, the presiding officers determine policy for the operation of their respective chambers and jointly for the Parliament. Royal Assent of the Queen is required for all bills to become law. The Crown also has executive powers which do not depend on Parliament, through prerogative powers, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1707826",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)\"\nhe returned to wearing the traditional robe in 2016. Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom) The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The office is currently held by John Bercow, who was initially elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin. He was returned as an MP in the 2010 general election and was re-elected as Speaker when the House sat at the start of the new parliament on 18 May 2010. He was again returned as an MP",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6270367",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Congress\"\nCongress decides differently. The Constitution requires Congress meet at least once each year and forbids either house from meeting outside the Capitol without the consent of the other house. Joint Sessions of the United States Congress occur on special occasions that require a concurrent resolution from both House and Senate. These sessions include counting electoral votes after a presidential election and the president's State of the Union address. The constitutionally-mandated report, normally given as an annual speech, is modeled on Britain's Speech from the Throne, was written by most presidents after Jefferson but personally delivered as a spoken oration beginning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_460
|
who was the president of pakistan during 1971 war?
|
n/a
|
[
"President Yahya Khan",
"Yahya Khan"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6569299",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\ncame from the surrender of East Pakistan was finally announced, the people could not come to terms with the magnitude of defeat; spontaneous demonstrations and massive protests erupted on the streets of major metropolitan cities in Pakistan. According to Pakistani historians, the trauma was extremely severe, and the cost of the war for Pakistan in monetary terms and in human resources was very high. Demoralized and finding unable to control the situation, the Yahya administration fell when President Yahya Khan turned over his presidency to Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, who was sworn in on 20 December 1971 as President with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16034498",
"chunk_text": "\"Yahya Khan\"\nYahya Khan Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan (; 4 February 1917 – 10 August 1980), widely known as Yahya Khan, , was the third President of Pakistan, serving in this post from 25 March 1969 until turning over his presidency in December 1971. Having participated in the Mediterranean theatre of World War II on behalf of Great Britain's British Indian Army, he opted for Pakistani citizenship and joined its military after the United Kingdom partitioned India in 1947, and helped in executing the covert infiltration in Indian Kashmir that sparked the war with India in 1965. After being controversially appointed to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13548792",
"chunk_text": "\"President of Pakistan\"\nControversy regarding the U-2 incident (1960), privatization (1963), and war with India (1965), fueled a fierce left-wing opposition movement led by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of the PPP and Bengali nationalist Sheikh Mujibur Rahman who, with the support of demonstrators, aimed to further weaken the presidency. Suffering from paralysis and declining health, Ayub Khan handed over the presidency to army chief General Yahya Khan, who imposed martial law and announced that nationwide elections would be held in 1970. Eventually, general elections were held in 1970 which saw the PPP gaining a majority of seats in West Pakistan (current day Pakistan) and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20263618",
"chunk_text": "\"Abdul Hamid Khan (general)\"\nother sense the de facto commander-in-chief in place of Yahya as he was the President. General Hamid, the chief of staff of the army was blamed along with General Yahya Khan for the Pakistani military debacle during the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War. Abdul Hamid Khan (general) General Abdul Hamid Khan, (Urdu: عبد الحمید خان) , was a four star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, serving as the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army under President Yahya Khan and led the army during the events in the war with India in 1971. Abdul Hamid Khan was born 29 April",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13548793",
"chunk_text": "\"President of Pakistan\"\nthe Awami League gaining a majority in East Pakistan (current day Bangladesh). After he was unable to reach a compromise between the PPP and the Awami League, President Yahya Khan invited Nurul Amin of the Pakistan Muslim League to become the Prime Minister, and also appointed him as the first Vice President. The growing instigated violence against Pakistanis in East Pakistan forced President Yahya Khan to use force in order to maintain order there, which further escalated Bengali resistance (1970). Preemptive strikes against India led to another war in 1971, which freed East Pakistan and created Bangladesh. Taking personal responsibility",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6569239",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\ndeployment of the military in East Pakistan on 25 March, when it initiated its military crackdown. President Yahya Khan called on the military - which was overwhelmingly led by West Pakistanis - to suppress dissent in the East, after accepting the resignation of Lieutenant-General Yaqub Ali Khan, the chief of staff of the East-Pakistani military. Mass arrests of dissidents began and, after several days of strikes and non-cooperation, the Pakistani military, led by Lieutenant-General Tikka Khan, cracked down on Dhaka on the night of 25 March 1971. The government outlawed the Awami League, which forced many of its members and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9477193",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nbrutality in East Pakistan, but \"\"chose to downplay the scale of the atrocities committed.\"\" The second commission was known as Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Prisoners of War Investigation, conducted solely by the Pakistani government, that was to determine the numbers of Pakistani military personnel who surrendered, including the number of civilian POWs. The official number of the surrendered military personnel was soon released by the Government of Pakistan after the war was over. On 2 July 1972, the Indo-Pakistani summit was held in Simla, Himachal Pradesh, India where the Simla Agreement was reached and signed between President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11113544",
"chunk_text": "\"Gul Hassan Khan\"\nas field commander\"\". He, along with Air Marshal A.R. Khan, played a crucial role in forcing President Yahya Khan to step down from the presidency. After the 1971 war which ended with unilateral surrender to India, President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto called Lieutenant-General Gul Hassan to take over the post of Commander in Chief of Pakistan Army, which he refused. However, he reluctantly accepted the post on several of his set conditions and took over the command of Pakistan Army. In controversy, Khan was avoided to be promoted the four-star rank as opposed to his predecessors, by Bhutto. Initially, he provided",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7452232",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of Pakistan\"\narmed liberation movement backed by the India. With India successfully intervening in the conflict, the Pakistan military surrender to the Indian military and almost over ~93,000 military personnel were taken as prisoners of war on 16 December 1971. Demoralized, gaining notoriety in the country, and finding himself unable to control the situation, President Yahya ultimately handed over the national power to PPP, of which, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was sworn in on 20 December 1971 as President and as the (first civilian) Chief Martial Law Administrator. After Bangladesh was formed in 1971, the PPP formed the government and partially enacted the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19241906",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nPakistan under Bhutto launched the clandestine development of nuclear weapons in a view of \"\"never to allow another foreign invasion of Pakistan.\"\" This crash program reached parity in 1977 when the first weapon design was successfully achieved. As a result of the war, East Pakistan disintegrated and became an independent country, Bangladesh, as the world's fourth most populous Muslim state on 16 December 1971. Pakistan itself secured the release of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from the Headquarter Prison and allowed him to return to Dacca. On 19 January 1972, Mujib was inaugurated as the first President of Bangladesh, later becoming the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19108324",
"chunk_text": "\"Abdul Hamid Khan (general)\"\nAbdul Hamid Khan (general) General Abdul Hamid Khan, (Urdu: عبد الحمید خان) , was a four star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, serving as the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army under President Yahya Khan and led the army during the events in the war with India in 1971. Abdul Hamid Khan was born 29 April 1917. He attended the Indian Military Academy, Dehra Dun. He was commissioned a second lieutenant on the Special List 15 July 1939 and was initially attached to the Somerset Light Infantry for experience from 11 August 1939. His date of commission",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19852067",
"chunk_text": "\"Muzaffar Hassan\"\nburied in Karachi War Cemetery. Muzaffar Hassan Vice-Admiral Muzzafar Hassan (; b. 1920–24 May 2012) , was a three-star rank admiral who served as the last Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Navy from 1969 until 1972, serving under first President Yahya Khan and then under President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. He is notable for commanding the Pakistan Navy in naval events in the war with India in 1971 and was dismissed from his military service and relieved from the command of the Navy over the allegations proved in the light of War Enquiry Commission by the Judge Advocate General of Navy. His termination",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8543378",
"chunk_text": "\"Gul Hassan Khan\"\nGul Hassan Khan Gul Hassan Khan () (1921; b. 1921—10 October 1999), was a former lieutenant-general and the last Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Army, serving under President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto from 20 December 1971 until 3 March 1972. He was court-martialed in light of the Hamoodur Rahman Commission and tried by the Judge Advocate General who withdraw his military honors, relieved him of his command and denied him his pension. He was succeeded by Tikka Khan who was promoted as four-star rank and designated as the Chief of Army Staff. Gul Hassan Khan was born in Quetta, Balochistan, British India into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1364822",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nstarting a massive buildup of the Indian Army on the western borders; the army waited until December, when the drier ground in the East would have made for easier operations and the Himalayan passes would have been closed by snow, preventing any Chinese intervention. On 23 November, President Yahya Khan declared a state of emergency in all of Pakistan and told his people to prepare for war. On the evening of 3 December, at about 5:40 pm, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) launched surprise pre-emptive strikes on eleven airfields in north-western India, including Agra, which was from the border. At",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10075728",
"chunk_text": "\"1971 Bangladesh genocide\"\nhave been committed\"\". It failed to bring the perpetrators to account on its own soil, as requested by Bangladesh. The position taken by Pakistan was reiterated by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1974, when he simply expressed \"\"regret\"\" for 1971, and former Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf in 2002, when he expressed regret for the \"\"excesses\"\" committed in 1971. By 2015, many of those 195 officers were deceased. The International Crimes Tribunal set up by Bangladesh in 2009 to prosecute surviving collaborators of the pro-Pakistani militias in 1971 has been the subject of strong criticism in Pakistani political and military circles. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6346488",
"chunk_text": "\"Nationalisation in Pakistan\"\nattempt to improve its structure and to alleviate its profitable process. Despite its success in its formative years, such policy measure programmes met with an extreme level of spontaneous demonstration and international and national opposition that left disastrous effects on Pakistan's national economy until it was replaced with the privatisation programme set forward by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 1990 until the programme's final execution in 2008 by Shaukat Aziz. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1928–1979) became President of Pakistan (1971–74) on 21 December 1971 after a disastrous end of 1971 war with India. The nationalisation programme was implemented for the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15124886",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts\"\nin erstwhile East Pakistan between Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Leader of East Pakistan, and Yahya Khan and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, leaders of West Pakistan. This would culminate in the declaration of Independence of Bangladesh from the state system of Pakistan. Following Operation Searchlight and the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities, about 10 million Bengalis in East Pakistan took refuge in neighbouring India. India intervened in the ongoing Bangladesh liberation movement. After a large scale pre-emptive strike by Pakistan, full-scale hostilities between the two countries commenced. Pakistan attacked at several places along India's western border with Pakistan, but the Indian Army successfully held their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13302759",
"chunk_text": "Pakistan\nto the constitutions of 1956, 1962, and 1973. Democracy was stalled by the martial law that had been enforced by President Iskander Mirza, who was replaced by army chief, General Ayub Khan. After adopting a presidential system in 1962, the country experienced exceptional growth until a second war with India in 1965 that led to an economic downturn and wide-scale public disapproval in 1967. Consolidating control from Ayub Khan in 1969, President Yahya Khan had to deal with a devastating cyclone that caused 500,000 deaths in East Pakistan. In 1970 Pakistan held its first democratic elections since independence, meant to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15289271",
"chunk_text": "Pakistan\nand \"\"Chagai-II\"\"), as a retaliation to the second nuclear tests ordered by India, led by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in May 1998. Military tension between the two countries in the Kargil district led to the Kargil War of 1999, and turmoil in civic-military relations allowed General Pervez Musharraf to take over through a bloodless coup d'état. Musharraf governed Pakistan as chief executive from 1999 to 2001 and as President from 2001 to 2008—a period of enlightenment, social liberalism, extensive economic reforms, and direct involvement in the US-led war on terrorism. When the National Assembly historically completed its first full",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13302761",
"chunk_text": "Pakistan\nBangladesh government puts the number of dead at three million, a figure that is now nearly universally regarded as excessively inflated. Some academics such as Rudolph Rummel and Rounaq Jahan say both sides committed genocide; others such as Richard Sisson and Leo E. Rose believe there was no genocide. In response to India's support for the insurgency in East Pakistan, preemptive strikes on India by Pakistan's air force, navy, and marines sparked a conventional war in 1971 that resulted in an Indian victory and East Pakistan gaining independence as Bangladesh. With Pakistan surrendering in the war, Yahya Khan was replaced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10767087",
"chunk_text": "\"Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry\"\nFazal Ilahi Chaudhry Fazal Elahi Chaudhry (Punjabi, ; 1 January 1904 – 2 June 1982), was the 5th President of Pakistan, serving from 1973 until 1978, prior to the martial law led by Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq. (see codename \"\"Fair Play\"\"). Fazal Elahi Chaudhry was born on 1 January 1904 into an influential Gujjar family in Marala village, near the city of Kharian, Gujrat District in Punjab Province. After receiving his education from there, Chaudhry joined the prestigious Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, receiving his LLB in Civil law in 1924. Thereafter, Chaudhry returned to Punjab and attended",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19241876",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nduring the conflict, according to author Robert Jackson. The Soviet Union continued its sympathetic gesture to Pakistan until mid-October 1971, when it stressed Pakistan to come up with a political settlement and affirmed its continuation of industrial aid to Pakistan. By November 1971, the Soviet ambassador to Pakistan Alexei Rodionov directed a secretive message (\"\"Rodionov message\"\") that ultimately warned Pakistan that \"\"it will be embarking on a suicidal course if it escalates tensions in the subcontinent. The United States stood with Pakistan by supporting it morally, politically, economically and materially when U.S. President Richard Nixon and his Secretary of State",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12042289",
"chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Army\"\nNew York, who at that time was presenting Pakistan's case before the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) on the East Pakistan crisis. Bhutto returned home on 18 December 1971. On 20 December, he was taken to the President House in Rawalpindi where he took over two positions from Yahya Khan, one as President and the other as Chief Martial Law Administrator. Thus, he was the first civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator of Pakistan. PAF and Navy fighter pilots voluntarily served in Arab nations' militaries against Israel in the Yom Kippur War (1973). In the 1973 war one of the PAF",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16846103",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\ncontrol of the military. The loss of East Pakistan shattered the prestige of the Pakistani military. Pakistan lost half its navy, a quarter of its air force, and a third of its army. The war also exposed the shortcomings of Pakistan's declared strategic doctrine that the \"\"defence of East Pakistan lay in West Pakistan\"\". Hussain Haqqani, in his book \"\"Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military\"\" notes, In his book \"\"The 1971 Indo-Pak War: A Soldier's Narrative\"\", Pakistan Army's Major General Hakeem Arshad Qureshi, a veteran of this conflict, noted: The Indian Army Chief in 1971, Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, had the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6789802",
"chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Peoples Party\"\nAdiala Jail. This was followed by Indian intervention which led the bitter defeat of Pakistan Armed Forces and Pakistan itself, after East-Pakistan gained momentum and became Bangladesh in 1971. As result of Pakistan's defeat by India in Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, General Yahya Khan was forced to resign. On 20 December, he was taken to the President House in Rawalpindi, where he took over two positions from Yahya Khan, one as president and the other as first civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator. Thus, he was the first civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator of the dismembered Pakistan. By the time Bhutto",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3954700",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of Pakistan\"\nwas handed over to the Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Bhutto became the country's first Chief Martial Law Administrator and first Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Armed Forces. Taking authority in January 1972, Bhutto started a nuclear deterrence programme under Munir Ahmad Khan and his adviser Abdus Salam. In July 1972, Bhutto reached the \"\"Shimla Agreement\"\" with Indira Gandhi of India, and brought back 93,000 POWs and recognised East-Pakistan as Bangladesh. As part of re-organizing the country, Bhutto disbanded the \"\"Commander-in-Chief\"\" title in the Pakistan Armed Forces. He also decommissioned the Pakistan Marines as a unit of Pakistan Navy. Instead, Chiefs of Staff were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10262151",
"chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq\"\nMuhammad Zia-ul-Haq Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (12 August 1924 – 17 August 1988) was a Pakistani four-star general who served as the 6th President of Pakistan from 1978 until his death in 1988, after declaring martial law in 1977. He remains the country’s longest-serving \"\"de facto\"\" head of state. Educated at Delhi University, Zia saw action in World War II as a British Indian Army officer in Burma and Malaya, before opting for Pakistan in 1947 and fighting as a tank commander in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. In 1970, he led a military training mission to Jordan, proving instrumental to defeating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17632709",
"chunk_text": "\"Muzaffar Hassan\"\nMuzaffar Hassan Vice-Admiral Muzzafar Hassan (; b. 1920–24 May 2012) , was a three-star rank admiral who served as the last Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Navy from 1969 until 1972, serving under first President Yahya Khan and then under President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. He is notable for commanding the Pakistan Navy in naval events in the war with India in 1971 and was dismissed from his military service and relieved from the command of the Navy over the allegations proved in the light of War Enquiry Commission by the Judge Advocate General of Navy. His termination came alongside with the commanders",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16186257",
"chunk_text": "\"Akbar Khan (Pakistani general)\"\nAkbar Khan was also one of three generals (the others being Lt. Gen. S.G.M. Pirzada and Tikka Khan) who met with Pakistani President Yahya Khan on 20 February 1971 to plan \"\"Operation Searchlight\"\"; he was appointed Chief of National Security in December, 1971 by Pakistan's new Prime Minister, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Muhammad Akbar Khan died in 1993 at the age of 81 in Karachi.He was buried in Defense Military graveyard Karachi. Akbar Khan (Pakistani general) Major General Akbar Khan, DSO (1912 - 1993), also known as Mohammed Akbar Khan, was a Pakistan Army officer who is most known as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19241838",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nmulti-ethnic West Pakistanis over the right to govern and the constitution. The political tensions between East Bengal and West Pakistan had its origin in the creation of Pakistan as a result of the partition of India by the United Kingdom in 1947; the popular language movement in 1950; mass riots in East Bengal in 1964; and the mass protests in 1969. These led to the resignation of President Ayub Khan, who invited army chief General Yahya Khan to take over the central government. The geographical distance between the eastern and western wings of Pakistan was vast; East Pakistan lay over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13434648",
"chunk_text": "\"India–Pakistan relations\"\ntest (see: \"\"Pokhran-II\"\") which invited Pakistan to follow the latter's step and performed its own atomic tests (see:\"\"Chagai-I\"\" and \"\"Chagai-II\"\"). After the 1971 war, Pakistan and India made slow progress towards the normalisation of relations. In July 1972, Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Pakistani President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto met in the Indian hill station of Simla. They signed the Simla Agreement, by which India would return all Pakistani personnel (over 90,000) and captured territory in the west, and the two countries would \"\"settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations.\"\" Diplomatic and trade relations were also re-established in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12949204",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Pakistan\"\nPakistan and 144 from West Pakistan including 13 reserved seats for women (6 were from West Pakistan and 7 from East Pakistan). Soon after the elections, due to grave political differences, the Province of East Pakistan seceded from West Pakistan and became Bangladesh. On 20 December 1971 Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto took over as the President of Pakistan as well as the first civil Chief Martial Law Administrator. The first session of the National Assembly, due to the delay caused by the separation of East Pakistan, was held on 14 April 1972 at the State Bank Building, Islamabad, in which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13548794",
"chunk_text": "\"President of Pakistan\"\nfor the political isolation and devastation of Pakistan after the fall of East Pakistan, President Yahya Khan stepped down and ceded power to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. President Bhutto created the current Constitution of Pakistan in 1973, transforming Pakistan into a parliamentary democracy, and reducing presidential powers to that of a ceremonial figurehead. The general elections held in 1977 resulted in an atmosphere of civil unrest instigated by the right-wing alliance, the Pakistan National Alliance. The events leading to it resulted in military intervention by chief of army staff General Zia-ul-Haq and Chairman Joint Chiefs Admiral Mohammad Shariff. Suspending the Constitution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2596949",
"chunk_text": "\"Pervez Musharraf\"\nPervez Musharraf Pervez Musharraf ( \"\"\"\"; born 11 August 1943) is a Pakistani politician and retired four-star army general who was the tenth President of Pakistan from 2001 until tendering his resignation, to avoid impeachment, in 2008. Born in Delhi during British Raj, Musharraf was raised in Karachi and Istanbul. He went on to study mathematics at the Forman Christian College in Lahore and would later study at the Royal College of Defence Studies in 1991. Musharraf entered the Pakistan Military Academy in 1961 and was commissioned in the Pakistan Army in 1964 and went on to play an active",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10767005",
"chunk_text": "\"Iskander Mirza\"\nIskander Mirza Sahibzada Iskander Ali Mirza (, ); 13 November 1899 – 13 November 1969), , was the first President of Pakistan, elected in this capacity in 1956 until being dismissed by his appointed army commander General Ayub Khan in 1958. Mirza was educated at the University of Mumbai before attending the military academy in Sandhurst in the United Kingdom. After a brief military service in the British Indian Army, he joined the Indian Political Service and spent the majority of his career as a political agent in the Western region of the British India until elevated as joint secretary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17190770",
"chunk_text": "\"Nurul Amin\"\nNurul Amin Nurul Amin (, ; 1893–1974), referred to as the Patriot of Pakistan, was a prominent Pakistani leader, and a jurist. He is noted as being the last Bengali leader of Pakistan. Starting his statesmanship in 1948 as Chief Minister of East Bengal, he headed the Ministry of Supply. After participating in parliamentary elections in 1970, Amin was appointed and served as Prime Minister of Pakistan. He was the first and the only Vice President of Pakistan from 1970 till 1972, leading Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971. An anti-war and principal , Amin is considered a patriot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18395312",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan\"\nthree million, a figure that is now nearly universally regarded as excessively inflated. Some academics such as Rudolph Rummel and Rounaq Jahan say both sides committed genocide; others such as Richard Sisson and Leo E. Rose believe there was no genocide. Discredited by the defeat, President Khan resigned and Bhutto was inaugurated as president and chief martial law administrator on 20December 1971. The 1971 war and the separation of East Pakistan demoralised the nation. With the PPP's assumption of power, democratic socialists and visionaries had authority for the first time in the country's history. Bhutto dismissed the chiefs of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14933751",
"chunk_text": "\"1970s operation in Balochistan\"\nbe ruled by Bengali leader Shaikh Mujibur Rahman. Mujib had been a major personality in the events that had led to the war, having called for greater provincial autonomy and rights for what was then East Pakistan, only to be met with utter disapproval by the then military ruler Yahya Khan and his West Pakistan-based political opponent Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Despite Mujib's having won the federal elections of 1970, both Yahya and Bhutto refused to let Mujib form the central government. The ensuing unrest gradually deteriorated into civil war, and ultimately the secession of Bangladesh after the India-Pakistan War of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19875765",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Longewala\"\nof the Indian Army during the 1971 war was directed towards the eastern theatre, with the western sector envisaged as a holding operation to prevent the Pakistan Army from achieving any success that would allow the President of Pakistan, Yahya Khan, any bargaining tool to trade against the captured territories in the east. By the last week of November 1971, the Indian Army had launched offensive manoeuvres at Atgram against Pakistani border posts and communications centres along the eastern border. The Mukti Bahini also launched an offensive on Jessore at this time. It was clear to Islamabad by this time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2577176",
"chunk_text": "\"Kashmir conflict\"\nrestored following the Tashkent Declaration in 1966, by which both nations returned to their original positions along the demarcated line. After the 1971 war and the creation of independent Bangladesh under the terms of the 1972 Simla Agreement between Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of India and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan, it was agreed that neither country would seek to alter the cease-fire line in Kashmir, which was renamed as the Line of Control, \"\"unilaterally, irrespective of mutual differences and legal interpretations\"\". Numerous violations of the Line of Control have occurred, including incursions by insurgents and Pakistani armed forces at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13053834",
"chunk_text": "\"Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction\"\nIshaq Khan (secretary general, defence), and Agha Shahi (secretary general, foreign affairs), and reported directly to Bhutto. Ghulam Ishaq Khan and General Tikka Khan appointed military engineer Major General Ali Nawab to the program. Eventually, the supervision passed to Lt General Zahid Ali Akbar Khan in President General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's Administration. Moderate uranium enrichment for the production of fissile material was achieved at KRL by April 1978. Pakistan's nuclear weapons development was in response to the loss of East Pakistan in 1971's Bangladesh Liberation War. Bhutto called a meeting of senior scientists and engineers on 20 January 1972, in Multan,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10547163",
"chunk_text": "\"Pervez Musharraf\"\nhis autobiography—\"\"\"\"—in 2006. Pervez Musharraf Pervez Musharraf ( \"\"\"\"; born 11 August 1943) is a Pakistani politician and retired four-star army general who was the tenth President of Pakistan from 2001 until tendering his resignation, to avoid impeachment, in 2008. Born in Delhi during British Raj, Musharraf was raised in Karachi and Istanbul. He went on to study mathematics at the Forman Christian College in Lahore and would later study at the Royal College of Defence Studies in 1991. Musharraf entered the Pakistan Military Academy in 1961 and was commissioned in the Pakistan Army in 1964 and went on to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20469148",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan\"\nrefuge in eastern India leading to Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi announcing support for the Bangladesh liberation war and providing direct military assistance to the Bengalis. In March 1971 regional commander Major General Ziaur Rahman declared the independence of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh on behalf of Mujib. Pakistan launched pre-emptive air strikes on 11 Indian airbases on 3 December 1971, leading to India's entry into the war on the side of Bangladeshi nationalist forces. Untrained in guerrilla warfare, the Pakistani high command in the east collapsed under commanders General Amir Niazi and Admiral Muhammad Sharif. Exhausted,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19241850",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nthe country had published \"\"jihad\"\" related materials to boost the recruitment in the military. By the end of April 1971, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had asked the Indian Army chief General Sam Manekshaw if he was ready to go to war with Pakistan. According to Manekshaw's own personal account, he refused, citing the onset of monsoon season in East Pakistan and also the fact that the army tanks were being refitted. He offered his resignation, which Gandhi declined. He then said he could guarantee victory if she would allow him to prepare for the conflict on his terms, and set",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14933753",
"chunk_text": "\"1970s operation in Balochistan\"\nby the secession of Bangladesh, the party demanded greater autonomy from Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who had become the new President of Pakistan following his predecessor Yahya Khan's resignation in December 1971, in return for a consensual agreement on Bhutto's Pakistan Constitution of 1973. Bhutto, however, refused to negotiate on any terms that might have involved a reduction in his powers, with chief minister Ataullah Mengal in Quetta and Mufti Mahmud in Peshawar. The already significant civil unrest now turned volatile as tensions between the NAP and Bhutto erupted. The ethno-separatist rebellion of Balochistan of the 1970s, the most threatening civil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4083399",
"chunk_text": "\"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto\"\nPakistan saw as a way to break up the country. Subsequent uprisings led to the secession of Bangladesh, and Pakistan losing the war against Bangladesh-allied India in 1971. Bhutto was handed over the presidency in December 1971 and emergency rule was imposed. When Bhutto set about rebuilding Pakistan, he stated his intention was to \"\"rebuild confidence and rebuild hope for the future\"\". By July 1972, Bhutto had recovered 43,600 prisoners of war and 5,000 square miles of Indian-held territory after signing the Simla Agreement. He strengthened ties with China and Saudi Arabia, recognised Bangladesh, and hosted the second Organisation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18717029",
"chunk_text": "\"Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)\"\ncollege students in West had been referring him to as \"\"Dog\"\". According to the \"\"Dawn\"\" editorial in 2014, it was first time in the history when the derogatory language was used against country's politicians. Elements in the military began supporting the political parties that brought the demise of Ayub Khan's era, and on 25 March 1969, President Ayub Khan resigned from office and invited army chief General Yahya Khan to take over the control of the country. Ayub Khan did not comment on Bangladesh Liberation War with Bangladesh in 1971 and died of heart attack on 19 April 1974 at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4696549",
"chunk_text": "\"Munir Ahmad Khan\"\non the status of the nuclear weapons program. Benazir and Murtaza Bhutto were instructed by her father to have keep the contacts with Munir Ahmad Khan. On 16 December 1971, Pakistan ultimately called out for a ceasefire to end the war with India and unconditionally surrendered to India, which culminated with the East-Pakistan becoming the independent Bangladesh. On 20 January 1972, President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto chaired a winter session at Multan which was arranged and held by Abdus Salam and authorized the crash program to develop an atomic bomb for sake of a \"\"national survival\"\". President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto invited",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6569286",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nIndian invasion of Pakistan and integration of Pakistan-administered Kashmir into their side of Kashmir, became imminent. US President Nixon encouraged China to mobilise its armed forces along its border with India to discourage the Indian assault, but the Chinese did not respond to this encouragement since the Indian Army's Northern Command was well prepared to guard the Line of Actual Control, and was already engaging and making advances against the Pakistan Army's X Corps in the Line of Control. China did not welcome the break-up of Pakistan's unity by the East Pakistani politicians, and effectively vetoed the membership of Bangladesh",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5087136",
"chunk_text": "\"Indo-Pakistani War of 1971\"\nMarch 2012, President of Bangladesh Zillur Rahman and the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina conferred Bangladesh Liberation War Honour and Friends of Liberation War Honour to 75 individuals, six organisations, Mitra Bahini and the people of India at a special ceremony at the Bangabandhu International Conference Centre, Dhaka. This included eight heads of states: former Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav, the third King of Bhutan Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, former Soviet Presidents Leonid IIyich Brezhnev and Nikolai Viktorovich Podgorny, former Soviet Prime Minister Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin, former Yugoslav President Marshal Josip Broz Tito, former UK Prime Minister Sir Edward Richard George Heath",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_461
|
who is the girl in the hinder video lips of an angel?
|
n/a
|
[
"Emmanuelle Chriqui"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15874780",
"chunk_text": "\"Lips of an Angel\"\nLips of an Angel \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\" is a song by American rock band Hinder. It was released as the second single from their album \"\"Extreme Behavior\"\". It was their breakthrough hit, charting within the top ten on several US \"\"Billboard\"\" charts and reaching number one in Australia and New Zealand. It has sold 3.6 million copies in the US as of January 2015, making it one of the most downloaded rock songs. Jack Ingram released a cover of the song in 2006, which reached No. 16 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country music charts. The lyrics deal with the singer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18622552",
"chunk_text": "\"Marshal Dutton\"\nMarshal Dutton Marshal Dutton (born March 15, 1978) is an American-born singer, songwriter and guitarist. Dutton is best known for currently being the lead singer of the band Hinder. He has also seen success as the part-time lead vocalist and full-time lead guitarist in his former band Faktion. He also provides lead guitar and backing vocals in the country duo group Drankmore. In the late 1990s before Faktion, he was in a band called Carb in Denton, Texas. Also known for his best hit (Lips of an angel). In 2002, after attending the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2649750",
"chunk_text": "Hinder\nnew lead singer in order to keep the band alive. The band went on to say that the change in singers was a fresh start for both Hinder and Austin Winkler, and that they are searching for another hit song as big as \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\". Also announced during the interview with the \"\"Baltimore Sun\"\" the band confirmed the group would release a then-untitled acoustic EP and a full-length studio album with all new original material. The projects were slated to be released in 2016. On March 7, 2016 the band announced that their upcoming acoustic EP would be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1782723",
"chunk_text": "\"Austin John\"\n2005. Hinder released their debut single \"\"Get Stoned\"\" on July 26, 2005 and released their debut album \"\"Extreme Behavior\"\" on September 27, 2005. The album went on to spawn a total of eight singles, including the number one smash hit \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\" and gain triple-platinum status in the US. From 2005 to 2007, the band went on numerous tours, headlining and supporting in promotion of the album touring with the likes of Nickelback, Three Days Grace, Breaking Benjamin, Papa Roach, Powerman 5000, Tantric, Buckcherry, Seether, Puddle of Mudd, Hoobastank, Fuel, Faktion, Chevelle, Rev Theory and Saving Abel. After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7039336",
"chunk_text": "\"Without You (Hinder song)\"\ngraduates high school, while I am left in the dust.\"\" A teenage girl (Aimee Teegarden) sees her boyfriend flirting with another girl (actress Kayla Ewell). The girl scowls and turns her head away. Later the girl starts fighting with her boyfriend (Kellan Lutz). He puts his arms up and walks away. The girl's face is red with tears, they seemed to have broken up. The next scene shows the girl in a classroom as papers are being handed out, the girl gets a D on the paper. The next scene shows the boy as he runs into two jocks. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10491109",
"chunk_text": "\"Lips Are Movin\"\non November 19, 2014. Trainor told MTV News, \"\"Here's me being sassy and other people dancing with me and having just a good time and trying to get through this feeling of, Ugh he's cheating on me again\"\". The video was commissioned by information technology corporation Hewlett-Packard. It features several \"\"influencers\"\"—actors, dancers and set designers with large social media followings. The influencers featured in the video include set designer Bri Emery; actors Marcus Johns, Cody Johns, and Robby Ayala; YouTube star Liza Koshy; dancers Les Twins; Spanish stylist Sara Escudero; hair stylist Kristin Ess; Japanese nail artist Mei Kawajiri; American",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7039335",
"chunk_text": "\"Without You (Hinder song)\"\nWithout You (Hinder song) \"\"Without You\"\" is a song by American rock band Hinder, that was the second single released from their 2008 album \"\"Take It to the Limit\"\". It was released as a digital download on September 23, 2008. A music video was produced for the song, featuring actors Kellan Lutz and Aimee Teegarden. \"\"I play the bad boyfriend,\"\" Lutz told MTV. \"\"Aimee is the sweet cheerleader girl ... who shouldn't be with me. I lead her life on the wrong track until she gets rid of me, and her life finally goes to where it should go. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12703174",
"chunk_text": "\"Lips of an Angel\"\nIt\"\", reached a peak of number 16 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart in April 2007. Ingram's version does not include the last stanza where the singer once again asks why she is calling so late. Regarding his cover of this song, Ingram gave an explanation in the liner notes of \"\"This Is It\"\": Premiering in early 2007, the music video for \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\" was directed by Shaun Silva and largely follows the narrative of the song's lyrics, focusing on a late night phone call between the raconteur (Austin Winkler) and his former lover (Emmanuelle Chriqui). Lips",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20540975",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Lips (song)\"\nRed Lips (song) \"\"Red Lips\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Sky Ferreira from her second extended play (EP), \"\"Ghost\"\" (2012). It was released on July 17, 2012, by Capitol Records. The song was written and produced by Greg Kurstin, with additional songwriting provided by Shirley Manson. \"\"Red Lips\"\" is a pop rock song that describes the emotional deterioration of an individual that Ferreira disliked. It differs from the previous electropop styles displayed in her earlier works; this was deliberately done to prevent Ferreira from being branded in a similar fashion as Britney Spears, which she felt that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14585612",
"chunk_text": "\"When (Shania Twain song)\"\nher door, which Twain opens to reveal a butterfly drawing and collapsing on her bed, mirroring the opening scene. The last scene shows Twain's angel form re-entering her body, symbolising that she was only daydreaming the whole time. Her stunt double was actress Alissa Dean. Although the video was released only to Europe, two different versions were made, one with the 'Original Album Version', which is more \"\"country\"\", and one with the international version, which is more pop. Both versions of the video have rarely been screened since the single release. \"\"When\"\" is the only video from Twain's first three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11710051",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Ratajkowski\"\nEmily Ratajkowski Emily O'Hara Ratajkowski (; born June 7, 1991) is an American model and actress. Born to American parents in London and raised mainly in California, she rose to prominence in 2013 after appearing topless in the music video for Robin Thicke's \"\"Blurred Lines\"\", which became the number one song of the year in several countries. Ratajkowski appeared on the cover of the March 2012 issue of the erotic magazine \"\"treats!\"\", which led to her being asked to appear in two music videos – \"\"Blurred Lines\"\" and Maroon 5's \"\"Love Somebody\"\". She appeared in the 2014 and 2015 \"\"Sports",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19457820",
"chunk_text": "\"Emmanuelle Chriqui\"\nEve\"\", and played Adam Sandler's love interest in the 2008 film \"\"You Don't Mess with the Zohan\"\". Chriqui was nominated for a Best Actress DVD Exclusive Award for her performance in \"\"100 Girls\"\" and was nominated, with Lance Bass, for a Choice Liplock Teen Choice Award in \"\"On the Line\"\". In April 2008, she won the Standout Performance Trophy at the Young Hollywood Awards. Chriqui also starred in several music videos including Hinder's \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\", Zac Brown Band's \"\"Whatever It Is\"\", and Charles Perry's \"\"I Could Be the Best Time of Your Life\"\". She threw out the ceremonial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6589621",
"chunk_text": "\"Elle Evans\"\nElle Evans Elle Evans (born Lindsey Gayle Evans; December 9, 1989) is an American model and actress who lives and works in Los Angeles, California. She is most notable for her appearance in Robin Thicke's music video \"\"Blurred Lines\"\" featuring Pharrell Williams. She is also one of the faces of NYX Cosmetics. Evans was born on December 9, 1989 in Paris, Texas, and grew up in Blanchard, Louisiana. She studied at Northwood High School and attended Northwestern State University, where she majored in broadcast journalism. Evans is a former pageant titleholder who held the Miss Louisiana Teen USA 2008. Evans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6117039",
"chunk_text": "\"Attention (Charlie Puth song)\"\njaded and a lot more willing to speak his mind.\"\" Praising the song's production, he said that \"\"That boldness also comes through on the production, which Charlie handled himself, chugging along with chunky bass and faint traces of disco.\"\" Lars Brandle of \"\"Billboard\"\" described it as \"\"polished\"\" and \"\"groove-injected.\"\" The official music video was released on April 24, 2017, on YouTube. It was filmed in Los Angeles and directed by Emil Nava. Cameras capture Puth brooding at the club while scoping out a blond girl, played by Samara Weaving. Throughout the song, he realizes that she only wants to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15874783",
"chunk_text": "\"Lips of an Angel\"\nan Arms Race\"\" by Fall Out Boy. In the United States, the song reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Pop 100 and the Mainstream Top 40 charts in November 2006. Elsewhere, the song had limited chart success and remains Hinder's only hit in most countries in which it charted. Digital download CD single The song is featured in the music-related video games \"\"Lips\"\" (as downloadable content), \"\"\"\", \"\"Dance Dance Revolution Hottest Party\"\", and \"\"Band Hero\"\". Country music artist Jack Ingram released a version of the song in December 2006. Ingram's version, the lead-off single to his 2007 album \"\"This Is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18556709",
"chunk_text": "\"Lily Halpern\"\nLily Halpern Lily M. Halpern also known by the stage name Lily Lane (born November 30, 1991) is an American performer and singer. She is best known as her second reincarnation in the entertainment industry, Lily Lane, whose debut 2014 EP \"\"Nothin' But Trouble\"\" gained critical acclaim and was featured on the abc family hit show \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\". As Lily Halpern, she is best known for her viral video of Nicki Minaj's song \"\"Starships\"\", her hit song \"\"Wishlist\"\", for being an opening act for Big Time Rush on their nationwide tour (Summer - Fall 2011), In 2012, her original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3931739",
"chunk_text": "\"Concrete Angel\"\nsigns of abuse but attempt to ignore them. The video was directed and produced by Deaton Flanigen. Angela Carter (played by Noel Wiggins) is the 7-year-old daughter of an abusive mother. As she is walking to school, another little girl looks at her and then laughs at her, which could imply she was also a victim of bullying. While she is at school, the teacher and her classmates ignore the bruises on her body, either because they think she just had a minor accident or they want to avoid having problems with her family. One day, a young boy (played",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17857202",
"chunk_text": "\"Leavin' (Jesse McCartney song)\"\nalso directed his \"\"She's No You\"\" video. The video premiered on March 7, 2008. It begins with McCartney and a girl, played by actress Niki Huey sitting in chairs opposite each other. McCartney is wearing an unbuttoned shirt and she is wearing a long-sleeved shirt and panties. After staring at each other, the girl gets up and climbs suggestively onto McCartney's lap. The second verse has McCartney wearing only pants and the girl's wearing a bra and underwear, rolling around, frolicking on a mattress. The video ends with McCartney and the girl kissing in a car. Throughout the chorus, McCartney",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20152719",
"chunk_text": "\"Anya Taylor-Joy\"\nCooke, a girl abducted by a mysterious man with split personalities. In 2019, she will reprise her role as Casey Cooke in the film \"\"Glass\"\". Taylor-Joy is also attached to star in \"\"Nosferatu\"\", a remake of the film of the same name, to be directed by Eggers in her second collaboration with him. She will also star in \"\"The Sea Change\"\". Taylor-Joy was the lead actress in the music video for Skrillex's remix of GTA's song \"\"Red Lips\"\". She was nominated for the 2017 BAFTA Rising Star Award. Anya Taylor-Joy Anya-Josephine Taylor-Joy (born 16 April 1996) is an American actress.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20540983",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Lips (song)\"\nvideo towards Ferreira's increasingly risqué public persona, shifting from the more innocent image with which she launched her career. A writer from MuuMuse provided a favorable review, comparing it to the visuals for \"\"Criminal\"\" by Fiona Apple and summarizing that \"\"Sky Ferreira is cooler than anything you and I could ever be.\"\" Becky Bain from Idolator stated that the appearance of Toby the Tarantula was \"\"somehow nowhere near as disconcerting as the image of Sky, looking washed out with platinum hair against a white background, crazily painting her face with a tube of red lipstick.\"\" Michael Cragg of \"\"The Guardian\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12378585",
"chunk_text": "\"Been to Hell\"\nunsuccessful. He resorts to open mic nights at a club then panhandling on the side of the road. He eventually becomes a roadie for Hollywood Undead, as it says on the backstage pass he has, and is seen putting and tuning instruments on the stage where Hollywood Undead is singing their song Been To Hell. The last character is a brunette girl (played by Amber Goetz) who comes happily to L.A. and is taken in by the sights. She visits the Hollywood Walk of Fame and later tries to become an actress. Throughout the video she is seen frustrated at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5318610",
"chunk_text": "\"No Angel (It's All in Your Mind)\"\nNadja Benaissa who is filming a topless man. Each of the No Angels have their own scene in the music video: Sandy Mölling's is in a narrow hall with lights at either side of her, Vanessa Petruo in a tin foil covered room with a dangling light bulb, Ludmilla Diakovska's against a grey brick wall, and Benaissa's on a chair with one of the men dancing behind her. During the instrumental break, the quartet is seen throwing silver, inflatable cushions. Towards the end of the video, the No Angels are lined up in black clothes with microphones in front of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20540982",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Lips (song)\"\nopen-minded in regards to its concept, and ultimately agreed with the creative direction that Richardson proposed. The final product was premiered through Richardson's YouTube channel on June 12, 2012; it later appeared on Ferreira's Vevo channel on July 13. The clip sees Ferreira, dressed in underwear, applying lipstick on her entire face, and is interspersed with footage of its co-star, the spider \"\"Toby the Tarantula\"\", crawling across her body. She stated that her wardrobe was intended to complement the simplistic nature of the music video, rather than an attempt to create sex appeal. Critics directed their commentaries of the music",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10491110",
"chunk_text": "\"Lips Are Movin\"\ndancer Chachi Gonzales; and Pomeranian dog Barkley the Pom. Andelman suggested showcasing behind-the-scenes events occurring during a music video shoot, which was used as the video's theme. Trainor's team asked the ad agency 180LA to make the music video similar to \"\"All About That Bass\"\" and not stray too far from it. In the song's music video, Trainor sings into a red microphone in front of a pastel blue wall in a leather jacket. She is sometimes flanked by backup dancers and television screens. Lips are used as a motif throughout the video; they appear as closeups of Trainor's mouth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7304124",
"chunk_text": "\"Better Than Me (Hinder song)\"\nending in suicide by overdose. Billboard magazine called the single \"\"smaller and less bombastic, but [as] equally infectious\"\" as \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\". Better Than Me (Hinder song) \"\"Better Than Me\"\" is the fourth single released from Hinder's debut album, \"\"Extreme Behavior\"\". This song was #66 on \"\"MTV Asia\"\"s list of Top 100 Hits of 2007. It debuted at #97 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and has peaked at #31, becoming Hinder's second Top 40 hit. The music video for the song starts with the band playing in a dark room. Then it goes to scenes of a young couple.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16691816",
"chunk_text": "\"Cringe pop\"\nCringe pop Cringe pop is a genre of pop music. The music and music videos are described as being \"\"so bad that you cannot stop watching them\"\". Rebecca Black's song \"\"Friday\"\" is usually credited as giving birth to the genre. The song, which was released in 2011, has over 122 million views and 3.2 million dislikes on YouTube as of July 2018. She was soon followed by Taher Shah, a Pakistani musician and businessman. His music video \"\"Angel\"\" went viral. His first music video, \"\"Eye to Eye\"\", was released in 2013, and \"\"Angel\"\" was released in 2016. Jacintha Morris, an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15779820",
"chunk_text": "\"Kaitlynne Postel\"\nchild at the schools she visits, she crowns a teacher to prevent jealousy between students. Kaitlynne is also the spokeswoman for the Kentucky Department of Agriculture's \"\"No Ifs, Ands, or Butts - It's the Law\"\" program which educates youth about the laws prohibiting the sale of tobacco products to minors and the penalties for breaking the law. She competed in the Miss America 2008 contest in Las Vegas in 2008. She performed \"\"So Much Better\"\" from \"\"\"\", in which her cousin and close friend Laura Bell Bundy was the star. Kaitlynne Postel Kaitlynne D. Postel (born September 7, 1986) is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18938818",
"chunk_text": "\"Blue Lips (short film)\"\nBlue Lips (short film) Blue Lips is a 2018 short film co-produced, co-written and starring Swedish singer-songwriter Tove Lo. The film was released on YouTube and Vevo on 19 October 2018. and features ten songs, nine from Lo's third studio album, \"\"Blue Lips\"\" (2017), and one from her second studio album, \"\"Lady Wood\"\" (2016). It was directed and written by Malia James with Lo working on the screenplay as well while Nathan Scherrer and Laura Haber served as executive producers. Unlike \"\"Fairy Dust\"\", one of Lo's previous short films, \"\"Blue Lips\"\" featured parts of the songs instead of using them",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6820041",
"chunk_text": "\"She's Out of Her Mind\"\nsong's music video, directed by Nicholas Lam, was first released on October 20, 2016 through Spotify. The clip is designed as a throwback to the band's 1999 video for \"\"What's My Age Again?\"\" It features Vine stars Lele Pons, Hannah Stocking, and Vale Genta recreating the band's streaking around the streets of Los Angeles. In the performance scene in front of a white background, Lele, Hannah, and Vale mimic playing instruments as Hoppus, Skiba and Barker respectively. Comedian Adam DeVine, a Blink-182 fan, makes a cameo appearance as a nurse, a role played by porn star Janine Lindemulder in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13480695",
"chunk_text": "\"Cody Hanson\"\nHanson released his debut album with Hinder titled Extreme Behavior on September 27, 2005. The album spawned the hit singles, Get Stoned, Better Than Me, and the mega hit Lips of an Angel. To date the album is 3xxx platinum. Hanson along with former Hinder vocalist Austin John wrote the majority of the songs on the album. After touring nonstop in support of Extreme Behavior from 2006 to late 2007, Hanson and his other bandmates began writing and recording for their next album. In July 2008 Hinder released the lead single titled \"\"Use Me\"\" from their sophomore album \"\"Take It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11031191",
"chunk_text": "\"Blurred Lines\"\nmarket in an interesting way.\"\" Feldstein came up with the idea of creating a video designed to go viral and brought in experienced music video director Diane Martel to shoot it. Its controversial nature was designed to attract attention with Feldstein saying: \"\"I knew it would get it banned quickly ... Getting something banned actually helps you.\"\" The music video, directed by Diane Martel, was released on March 20, 2013. The video features Thicke, T.I. and Pharrell casually standing in front of light-pink backdrop as they flirt with models (Emily Ratajkowski, Elle Evans and Jessi M'Bengue) who pose and dance.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3955933",
"chunk_text": "Carolyna\nand that the danger of homelessness was something that always scared her in her childhood. The music video was directed by Tim Royes and was shot on 3 May 2007, and it was the final video he directed before his death. The video sees Melanie as the guardian angel of a girl, played by actress Christina Chong, who is facing problems in her own life such as alcoholism, fighting with the boyfriend and non-stop partying. Whenever the girl looks herself at the mirror, she will see Melanie looking at her. Throughout the video, Melanie is also seen in the places",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1926590",
"chunk_text": "\"Laura Angel\"\nLaura Angel Laura Angel (born 16 October 1974) is a Czech singer, model, former pornographic actress and Film Director. Angel did her first hardcore movie in 1998. At the beginning of her career as an actress she also appeared as \"\"Lenka Luv\"\", \"\"Laura Arnold\"\", \"\"Patricia McNail\"\" or \"\"Penelope\"\" . Since then she has played in about 280 films. She performed as a protagonist in \"\"Alexia & Cie\"\" and \"\"Harcèlement au féminin\"\" by Marc Dorcel . At the end of the 1990s, she worked mainly with Performances for Private Media and played in movies like \"\"Sex Shot\"\" and \"\"Hell's Belles\"\" .",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20777534",
"chunk_text": "\"Eve Angel\"\nEve Angel Eve Angel (born May 19, 1983) is a Hungarian pornographic actress and model. Her first interracial film was filmed in 2002 at the age of 18, called \"\"Eighteen 'N Interracial 4\"\". In 2009, she was awarded the AVN Award as the female foreign performer of the year. Born and raised in Budapest, Hungary, Angel is the middle child in her family, she has a younger sister and an older brother, with whom she manages a design company. Eve Angel started out as a very average girl; however, as soon as she graduated at the age of 18, she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11474688",
"chunk_text": "\"Infected (the The album)\"\nin his mouth. Johnson explained his actions by saying, \"\"I wanted to see what it felt like. To have all that power, to be so close to dying. It's incredible.\"\" The final two videos for the album were filmed back in the UK, with \"\"Angels of Deception\"\" directed by Alastair McIlwain and \"\"Slow Train to Dawn\"\" directed by Pope. The video for \"\"Slow Train to Dawn\"\" features Neneh Cherry, who duets with Johnson on the track, tied to a railway line while Johnson pilots a train towards her. Pope later dismissed his work on the video, saying, \"\"I hate that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "267993",
"chunk_text": "\"Lorelei Mahoney\"\nLorelei Mahoney Lorelei Mahoney (born November 17, 1984) is an American musician and actress turned screenwriter who has played roles in major films such as Hollywood & Wine and She's Out of My League as well as starring in numerous music videos, documentaries relating her music career, and network television shows. She is also the writer of the Irish film Leno’s Last Kiss. Lorelei Mahoney was born in 1984 to Pamela Ammerman and Billy Jo Charbonneaux. When she was 9, her mother was murdered and she ended up in foster care. She was later adopted by Lisa Montgomery, becoming the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18556711",
"chunk_text": "\"Lily Halpern\"\n2010, and moved to New York City to pursue her music career. Halpern has two older brothers, Ian and Grammy nominated Tucker, who participated in a parody video of Lily's first single \"\"Not Gonna Cry.\"\" Halpern moved to New York City to pursue her music career in the summer of 2010. She released her EP \"\"Not Gonna Cry\"\" which was produced by Alex Cantrall (JoJo, Vanessa Hudgens, Nicole Scherzinger). In March 2011, Lily released her music video for \"\"Wishlist\"\" which was directed by Shalin Sharman (Kanye West) and featured internet celebrity Megan Parken. The video was shot at famous landmarks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1286002",
"chunk_text": "\"Madison Beer\"\nvideo was released on November 15, 2017. On March 10, 2018, \"\"Home With You\"\" was released as the third and final single from the EP. In August 2018, the song peaked at number #22 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Top 40 chart. On November 9, 2018, Beer released \"\"Hurts Like Hell\"\" featuring American rapper Offset as the lead single from her upcoming debut studio album, set for release in early 2019. Headlining Madison Beer Madison Elle Beer (born March 5, 1999) is an American singer and actress. Beer was born on March 5, 1999, in Jericho, New York to a Jewish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2649740",
"chunk_text": "Hinder\nband's second single, \"\"Lips of an Angel\"\", entered charts in the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore; the song lasted for 41 weeks in the New Zealand charts, two weeks of which were spent at the number one spot. The band's third single, \"\"How Long\"\", was released in September 2006 and appeared at number six on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. In 2006, as a Christmas gift to their fan club, the Hinder Army, the band recorded their version of the public domain song \"\"A Little Drummer Boy\"\" and released it on their fan club website.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19628329",
"chunk_text": "\"Brooke Candy\"\nBrooke Candy Brooke Dyan Candy (born July 20, 1989) is an American rapper, singer, director, muse, and fashion stylist. Raised in the suburbs of Los Angeles, Candy worked as a stripper in early adulthood. She rose to prominence after starring in Grimes' video for \"\"Genesis\"\" (2012), which gained viral success. Following its success, Candy's status in the underground scene rose as she began to release her own material: \"\"Das Me\"\" (2012), \"\"Everybody Does\"\" (2013), and \"\"I Wanna Fuck Right Now\"\" (2013). In early 2014, she signed with RCA and released her debut major label single \"\"Opulence\"\" with an accompanying EP",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7330226",
"chunk_text": "\"Sarah Chatfield\"\nSarah Chatfield Sarah Chatfield is an English music video director, based in London and Los Angeles. She is represented by UK production company Colonel Blimp. Her video for Lily Allen's single \"\"Alfie\"\", earned her Best New Director and Best Pop video at the CAD awards. Music videos directed by Chatfield include Lykke Li (\"\"Breaking It Up\"\"), Lenka (\"\"Heart Skips a Beat\"\"), Leah LaBelle (\"\"Sexify\"\"), Kelly Rowland (\"\"Motivation\"\") and The Saturdays (\"\"What About Us\"\" & \"\"What Are You Waiting For?\"\"). In 2008, she created a fashion film with fellow Colonel Blimp director Chris Sweeney for Yves Saint Laurent, which replaced their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8509060",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannah Lux Davis\"\nHannah Lux Davis Hannah Lux Davis (born May 17, 1986) is an American music video director known for working with artists such as Ariana Grande, Nicki Minaj, Miley Cyrus, Hailee Steinfeld, Fifth Harmony, Demi Lovato, Little Mix, Jessie J, Tinashe, Halsey, and Lil Wayne. Davis was born on May 17, 1986 in Bellevue, Washington, U.S. Davis left Washington for Los Angeles at age 18, where she enrolled in the New York Film Academy, and the Los Angeles Film School a year later. For her final projects, she made music videos, and decided to pursue a career in the music video",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18938819",
"chunk_text": "\"Blue Lips (short film)\"\ncompletely, also it mixes a diegetic and non-diegetic use of the songs. The film centers around friends Ebba (played by Lo) and Kit (played by Ana Coto) as they party after the latter suffers a heartbreak. The film opens with Kit roller skating in a roller rink, she talks with Ebba outside and tells her that she feels bad because a guy with whom she was dating came back with his ex-girlfriend (Bad Days). Ebba and Kit go to the house of Ebba's aunt to forget about everything, while in the car they listen to music (Shivering Gold). They get",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "471137",
"chunk_text": "\"Evil Angel (film)\"\nout Elizabeth was a nice girl who had become abusive to her mom after dying for a short time. Amidst discovering Caroline was a school teacher who nearly died from a seizure, Carruthers also interrogates Ray (Charles Halford), a man in connection with his murdered son and who was paid $20,000 to kill Elizabeth. Caroline pursues a hooker, Josie (Jontille Gerard), to kill her at an apartment building, but Josie fights back. For trying to help Josie, Caroline petrifies Ray into falling down the building’s staircase and sends his girlfriend, Petra (Katie Sciuto), over the staircase rail to hang. However,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11420147",
"chunk_text": "\"Kesha videography\"\nKesha videography Kesha is an American singer, songwriter, and rapper. She has appeared in 27 music videos, 6 of them being guest appearances. She has appeared in a total of 7 films. She has also appeared in multiple television shows such as \"\"Nashville\"\", \"\"RuPaul's Drag Race\"\", \"\"Jane the Virgin\"\", \"\"Victorious\"\", and more. She first made a cameo appearance in Katy Perry's \"\"I Kissed a Girl\"\" music video, though she was unknown then. Kesha declined to appear in the music video to Flo Rida's massively successful single \"\"Right Round\"\", to which she provided guest vocals to. In 2009, Kesha released the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8178669",
"chunk_text": "\"Lily LaBeau\"\nfor the Reality Kings website Dare Dorm. She also appeared in several Japanese AV movies. In 2012, LaBeau starred in the music video of the Yolanda Be Cool song \"\"Before Midnight\"\". That same year, she appeared in a cameo in the Sean S. Baker's independent drama film \"\"Starlet\"\". In 2013 LaBeau had a minor role in Paul Schrader's \"\"The Canyons\"\". She is also featured in television commercials for Streamate TV. Lily LaBeau Lily LaBeau (born January 20, 1991) is the stage name of an American pornographic actress. Before moving to New York City at age 17, LaBeau spent the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15677553",
"chunk_text": "\"Want You Bad\"\n- the foam appears to blow his head off while the woman laughs and smiles as the camera fades to black. Dexter Holland, the band's lead vocalist, said he hated this video, saying that it was too \"\"cheesy\"\", although it is one of his favorite songs. The first model (in a black bikini) was played by Kim Smith, the second model (in a red dress) is Michelle Belegrin and the third model is Katelyn Rosaasen. The music video also appears on the \"\"Complete Music Video Collection\"\" DVD, released in 2005. Want You Bad \"\"Want You Bad\"\" is a song by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15677551",
"chunk_text": "\"Want You Bad\"\n\"\"badly\"\". The song was remixed by The Dwarves singer Blag Dahlia. The remix appeared on some versions of the \"\"Million Miles Away\"\" single. Two of the single's B-sides, \"\"80 Times\"\" and \"\"Autonomy\"\", appeared on the band's 2010 Japan only compilation album \"\"Happy Hour!\"\". The music video was filmed in Los Angeles, California on January 10–11 2001, and was directed by Spencer Susser. It takes place in a party, with the band playing in the background. The protagonist is a man trying it on with various women at a party, failing each time. As this takes place the party-goers start to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17544150",
"chunk_text": "\"Blue Lips (short film)\"\nand dances with Guy (Romantics). Ebba and Guy get to know each other better at Guy's house, they drink tequila and share stories about their lives, Ebba and Guy walk together and kiss (Cycles). Ebba goes home and lays in bed with Kit as they hug and amend their friendship. In the post-credits scene Ebba appears singing the rest of \"\"Cycles\"\" at the roller rink. Blue Lips (short film) Blue Lips is a 2018 short film co-produced, co-written and starring Swedish singer-songwriter Tove Lo. The film was released on YouTube and Vevo on 19 October 2018. and features ten songs,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6986610",
"chunk_text": "\"Fallen Angel (Poison song)\"\nand was in heavy rotation on MTV. In the video, a young blonde (portrayed by Bret's then-girlfriend, model and then aspiring singer/actress Susie Hatton) tells her family, at dinner, that she is leaving for California at the end of the week, a statement that surprises and silences them. She arrives in Los Angeles with a suitcase in tow, eventually catching the attention of a guy (played by veteran character actor Anthony James) who manages a modeling agency and who offers her a job. She becomes a success, but feels like she is selling out her morals for fame. The girl",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_462
|
who helped the british in the french and indian war?
|
n/a
|
[
"Cherokee",
"Iroquois Confederacy",
"the colonies of British America",
"Catawba",
"Iroquois"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164697",
"chunk_text": "\"France in the American Revolutionary War\"\nFrance in the American Revolutionary War French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army. A Treaty of Alliance in 1778 soon followed, which led to shipments of money and matériel to the United States. Subsequently, the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic also began to send assistance, leaving the British Empire with no allies. France's help is considered a vital and decisive contribution to the United States' victory against the British. As a cost of participation in the war, France accumulated over 1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331054",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nWilliam Johnson and New York's Governor Sir Charles Hardy, and consequently gained little support. Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers whom France sent to North America. French regular army reinforcements arrived in New France in May 1756, led by Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and seconded by the Chevalier de Lévis and Colonel François-Charles de Bourlamaque, all experienced veterans from the War of the Austrian Succession. On May 18, 1756, Britain formally declared",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9987212",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nthe American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63; however, the French and Indian War is viewed in America as a singular conflict which was not associated with any European war. The name \"\"French and Indian War\"\" is used mainly in the United States, referring to the two enemies of the British colonists, while European historians use the term \"\"Seven Years' War\"\", as do English-speaking Canadians. French Canadians call it Guerre de la Conquête (the War of the Conquest) or (rarely) the Fourth Intercolonial War. The British colonists were supported at various times by the Iroquois, Catawba, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9987211",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nFrench and Indian War The French and Indian War (1754–63) pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France, each side supported by military units from the parent country and by American Indian allies. At the start of the war, the French colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. The European nations declared a wider war upon one another overseas in 1756, two years into the French and Indian war, and some view the French and Indian War as being merely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019410",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nWar of Independence. This time, France succeeded in prevailing over Britain in what historian Alfred A. Cave describes as French \"\"revenge for Montcalm's death\"\". French and Indian War The French and Indian War (1754–63) pitted the colonies of British America against those of New France, each side supported by military units from the parent country and by American Indian allies. At the start of the war, the French colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 settlers, compared with 2 million in the British colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. The European nations declared a wider war upon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179402",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nthe Colony of Canada (part of New France). They succeeded in capturing territory in surrounding colonies and ultimately the city of Quebec (1759). The British later lost the Battle of Sainte-Foy west of Quebec (1760), but the French ceded Canada in accordance with the Treaty of Paris (1763). France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain in compensation for Spain's loss to Britain of Spanish Florida. (Spain had ceded Florida to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba.) France's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179464",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nnephew William Amherst, who regained control of Newfoundland after the Battle of Signal Hill in September 1762. Many troops from North America were reassigned to participate in further British actions in the West Indies, including the capture of Spanish Havana when Spain belatedly entered the conflict on the side of France, and a British expedition against French Martinique in 1762 led by Major General Robert Monckton. Governor Vaudreuil in Montreal negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst in September 1760. Amherst granted his requests that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9274570",
"chunk_text": "\"France in the American Revolutionary War\"\nthat France primarily sought revenge against Great Britain for the loss of territory in North America and India from the previous conflict. But Jonathan R. Dull states that France intervened because of dispassionate calculation, not because of Anglophobia or a desire to avenge the loss of Canada. France in the American Revolutionary War French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army. A Treaty of Alliance in 1778 soon followed, which led to shipments of money and matériel to the United States. Subsequently, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9987213",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nCherokee tribes, and the French colonists were supported by Wabanaki Confederacy member tribes Abenaki and Mi'kmaq, and the Algonquin, Lenape, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Shawnee, and Wyandot tribes. Fighting took place primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from the Province of Virginia in the south to Newfoundland in the north. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny River and Monongahela River called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179436",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\ndislodge the French. They chose Major General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France well before Braddock's departure for North America. In response, King Louis XV dispatched six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755. The British sent out their fleet in February 1755, intending to blockade French ports, but the French fleet had already sailed. Admiral Edward Hawke detached a fast squadron to North America in an attempt to intercept them. In a second British action, Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship \"\"Alcide\"\" on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1809350",
"chunk_text": "\"Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War\"\nIt was largely unsuccessful as the majority of Indian tribes sided with the British. The Franco-American Alliance (also called the Treaty of Alliance) was a pact between France and the Second Continental Congress, representing the United States government, ratified in May 1778. Franklin, with his charm offensive, was negotiating with Vergennes, for increasing French support, beyond the covert loans and French volunteers. With the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga, the French formalized the alliance against their British enemy; Conrad Alexandre Gérard de Rayneval conducted the negotiations with the American representatives, Franklin, Silas Deane, and Arthur Lee. Signed on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179404",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nfought on both sides of the conflict. It also led into the Seven Years' War overseas, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain that did not involve the American colonies; some historians make a connection between the French and Indian War and the Seven Years' War overseas, but most residents of the United States consider them as two separate conflicts—only one of which involved the American colonies, and American historians generally use the traditional name. Less frequently used names for the war include the \"\"Fourth Intercolonial War\"\" and the \"\"Great War for the Empire\"\". In Europe, the French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331047",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nthe frontier between Nova Scotia and Acadia. Braddock led about 1,500 army troops and provincial militia on the Braddock expedition in June 1755 to take Fort Duquesne, with George Washington as one of his aides. The expedition was a disaster. It was attacked by French regulars, Canadian militiamen, and Indian warriors ambushing them from hiding places up in trees and behind logs, and Braddock called for a retreat. He was killed and approximately 1,000 British soldiers were killed or injured. The remaining 500 British troops retreated to Virginia, led by Washington. Washington and Thomas Gage played key roles in organizing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179463",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nwas capitulated to the British. In April 1760, François Gaston de Lévis led French forces in the attempt to retake the city. Although victorious in battle, French attempts to retake Quebec City was prevented with the British naval victory at Restigouche, a naval battle that saw the loss of French ships meant to resupply Lévis' army. Most of the fighting ended in continental North America in 1760, although it continued in Europe between France and Britain. The notable exception was the French seizure of St. John's, Newfoundland. General Amherst heard of this surprise action and immediately dispatched troops under his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3670338",
"chunk_text": "\"Franco-American alliance\"\nfrom the French Army, Navy and Treasury, and spelled that the United States was obligated to guarantee \"\"from the present time and forever, against all other powers (...) the present Possessions of the Crown of France in America\"\", in exchange for a promise not to increase French possessions anymore in America. The combined strength of the Americans and the French virtually guaranteed victory against Great Britain. France successfully supported the American War of Independence, managing to expel the British and obtain recognition of American independence through the intervention of Rochambeau, La Fayette, de Grasse, and Suffren. Naval conflict started in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13239370",
"chunk_text": "\"Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars\"\nnot always understood in contemporary Britain, and Benjamin Franklin tried to explain the differences in a 1756 letter to his English friend Peter Collinson. The men serving on the frontier, Franklin clarified, were not militia but full-time soldiers enlisted to fight for a specific period of time, and paid by the colonial governments. In contrast, the militia were men following their normal business, mustering on specific days to train, and ready to fight only in case of an emergency. Massachusetts Bay was the colony that made the largest contribution to the war effort during the French and Indian Wars. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019403",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\ngained Louisiana from France, including New Orleans, in compensation for their losses. Great Britain and Spain also agreed that navigation on the Mississippi River was to be open to vessels of all nations. The war changed economic, political, governmental, and social relations among the three European powers, their colonies, and the people who inhabited those territories. France and Britain both suffered financially because of the war, with significant long-term consequences. Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 made land available to immigrants from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "380544",
"chunk_text": "\"Anglo-French War (1778–1783)\"\nAnglo-French War (1778–1783) The Anglo-French War was a military conflict fought between France and Great Britain with their respective allies between 1778 and 1783. In 1778, France signed a treaty of friendship with the United States. Great Britain was then at war with France, and in 1779 it was also at war with Spain. As a consequence, Great Britain was forced to divert resources used to fight the war in North America to theatres in Europe, India and the West Indies, and to rely on what turned out to be the chimera of Loyalist support in its North American operations.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019343",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\na large frontier with several companies of British regulars. The colonial governments were used to operating independently of one another and of the government in London, a situation that complicated negotiations with Indian tribes, whose territories often encompassed land claimed by multiple colonies. After the war began, the leaders of the British Army establishment tried to impose constraints and demands on the colonial administrations. New France's Governor-General Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière was concerned about the incursion and expanding influence in the Ohio Country of British colonial traders such as George Croghan. In June 1747, he ordered Pierre-Joseph Céloron to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331046",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nwas neither ratified by the colonial legislatures nor approved of by the Crown. Nevertheless, the format of the congress and many specifics of the plan became the prototype for confederation during the War of Independence. The British formed an aggressive plan of operations for 1755. General Braddock was to lead the expedition to Fort Duquesne, while Massachusetts governor William Shirley was given the task of fortifying Fort Oswego and attacking Fort Niagara. Sir William Johnson was to capture Fort St. Frédéric at Crown Point, New York, and Lieutenant Colonel Robert Monckton was to capture Fort Beauséjour to the east on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019407",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nYears' War nearly doubled Great Britain's national debt. The Crown sought sources of revenue to pay it off and attempted to impose new taxes on its colonies. These attempts were met with increasingly stiff resistance, until troops were called in to enforce the Crown's authority. These acts ultimately led to the start of the American Revolutionary War. France attached comparatively little value to its American possessions, apart from the highly profitable sugar-producing Antilles islands which it retained. Minister Choiseul considered that he had made a good deal at the Treaty of Paris, and Voltaire wrote that Louis XV had lost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331026",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nand eating his father. He traveled to Fort Le Boeuf and threatened the French with military action, which Marin contemptuously dismissed. The Iroquois sent runners to the manor of William Johnson in upstate New York, who was the British Superintendent for Indian Affairs in the New York region and beyond. Johnson was known to the Iroquois as \"\"Warraghiggey\"\", meaning \"\"he who does great things.\"\" He spoke their languages and had become a respected honorary member of the Iroquois Confederacy in the area, and he was made a colonel of the Iroquois in 1746; he was later commissioned as a colonel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179401",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nafter several disastrous campaigns in 1757, including a failed expedition against Louisbourg and the Siege of Fort William Henry; this last was followed by Indians torturing and massacring their British victims. William Pitt came to power and significantly increased British military resources in the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces that they had in New France, preferring to concentrate their forces against Prussia and its allies who were now engaged in the Seven Years' War in Europe. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military launched a campaign to capture",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9987219",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nin their authority to make agreements. The Southeast interior was dominated by Siouan-speaking Catawbas, Muskogee-speaking Creeks and Choctaw, and the Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee tribes. When war broke out, the French colonists used their trading connections to recruit fighters from tribes in western portions of the Great Lakes region, which was not directly subject to the conflict between the French and British; these included the Hurons, Mississaugs, Ojibwas, Winnebagos, and Potawatomi. The British colonists were supported in the war by the Iroquois Six Nations and also by the Cherokees, until differences sparked the Anglo-Cherokee War in 1758. In 1758, the Province of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179461",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\npoor results in 1758 in most theaters of the war. The new foreign minister was the duc de Choiseul, and he decided to focus on an invasion of Britain to draw British resources away from North America and the European mainland. The invasion failed both militarily and politically, as Pitt again planned significant campaigns against New France and sent funds to Britain's mainland ally of Prussia, while the French Navy failed in the 1759 naval battles at Lagos and Quiberon Bay. In one piece of good fortune, some French supply ships did manage to depart France and elude the British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16179403",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\ncolonial presence north of the Caribbean was reduced to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, confirming Great Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in America. In British America, wars were often named after the sitting British monarch, such as King William's War or Queen Anne's War. There had already been a King George's War in the 1740s during the reign of King George II, so British colonists named this conflict after their opponents, and it became known as the \"\"French and Indian War\"\". This continues as the standard name for the war in the United States, although Indians",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3998986",
"chunk_text": "\"French in Syracuse, New York\"\nAt the same time, the war spread into Asia as the \"\"Third Carnatic War\"\". The \"\"French and Indian War\"\" not only stripped France of its North American empire, it also caused Britain to change its relationship to its colonies, a change that eventually led to the \"\"American Revolution\"\". During the \"\"French and Indian War\"\" (1754–1763), Native Americans were allied with both sides. The Iroquois sided with the British against the French and their Algonquin allies who were traditionally the enemies of the Iroquois. The \"\"Old French Fort\"\" at the \"\"Mission of Sainte Marie\"\" was one of the first attempts to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "988393",
"chunk_text": "\"France in the American Revolutionary War\"\nhe returned as a beloved hero of the war. Up against the British power, the young nation lacked arms and allies, and so it turned towards France. France was not directly interested in the conflict, but saw it as an opportunity to contest British power by supporting a new British opponent. Through negotiations conducted first by Silas Deane and then by Benjamin Franklin, France began covert support of the patriots cause. Secretly approached by Louis XVI and France's foreign minister, the comte de Vergennes, Pierre Beaumarchais was authorized to sell gunpowder and ammunition to the Americans for close to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19498924",
"chunk_text": "\"Northwest Indian War\"\nNorthwest Indian War The Northwest Indian War (1785–1795), also known as the Ohio War, Little Turtle's War, and by other names, was a war between the United States and a confederation of numerous Native American tribes, with support from the British, for control of the Northwest Territory. It followed centuries of conflict over this territory, first among Native American tribes, and then with the added shifting alliances among the tribes and the European powers of France and Great Britain, and their colonials. Under the Treaty of Paris (1783), which ended the American Revolutionary War, Great Britain ceded to the U.S.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4180663",
"chunk_text": "\"Franco-American alliance\"\ndemonstrates that the victory at Saratoga played little role in the calculations of American, French, and British diplomats. Indeed, two more months of diplomacy would pass before the signing of the Franco-American treaty. Franco-American alliance The Franco-American alliance was the 1778 alliance between the Kingdom of France and the United States during the American Revolutionary War. Formalized in the 1778 Treaty of Alliance, it was a military pact in which the French provided many supplies for the Americans. The Netherlands and Spain later joined as allies of France; Britain had no European allies. The French alliance was possible once the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4180646",
"chunk_text": "\"Franco-American alliance\"\nFranco-American alliance The Franco-American alliance was the 1778 alliance between the Kingdom of France and the United States during the American Revolutionary War. Formalized in the 1778 Treaty of Alliance, it was a military pact in which the French provided many supplies for the Americans. The Netherlands and Spain later joined as allies of France; Britain had no European allies. The French alliance was possible once the Americans captured a British invasion army at Saratoga in October 1777, demonstrating the viability of the American cause. The alliance became controversial after 1793 when Britain and Revolutionary France again went to war",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10399523",
"chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom–United States relations\"\nSouthern Colonies worked primarily in agriculture, on farms and plantations growing indigo, rice, cotton, and tobacco for export. The French and Indian War, fought between 1754 and 1763, was the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. The conflict, the fourth such colonial war between France and Britain in North America, resulted in the British acquisition of New France, with its French Catholic population. Under the Treaty of Paris signed in 1763, the French ceded control of French Louisiana east of the Mississippi River to the British, which became known as the Indian Reserve. The religious ties between the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9690371",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian Wars\"\nmilitia was more important than its counterpart in British America. The French colonies were administrated through the secretary of state for the navy, and naval troops garrisoned New France. The French marines were organized into independent companies called \"\"Compagnies franches.\"\" During the French and Indian War, naval gunner-bombardier companies were also stationed in North America. The other ranks of the marines were enlisted in France, but the officer corps became increasingly Canadian through recruitment of officers' sons. All promotions were by merit; purchase of commissions was prohibited. The British rangers were an attempt to replicate the tactics of the French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331020",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\ncolonists would not be safe as long as the French were present. The War of the Austrian Succession (better known as King George's War) formally ended in 1748 with the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which was primarily focused on resolving issues in Europe. The issues of conflicting territorial claims between British and French colonies were turned over to a commission, but it reached no decision. Frontier areas were claimed by both sides, from Nova Scotia and Acadia in the north to the Ohio Country in the south. The disputes also extended into the Atlantic Ocean, where both powers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "988394",
"chunk_text": "\"France in the American Revolutionary War\"\nmillion pounds under the veil of the French company \"\"Rodrigue Hortalez et Compagnie\"\". The aid given by France, much of which passed through the neutral Dutch West Indies port of Sint Eustatius, contributed to George Washington's survival against the British onslaught in 1776 and 1777. The aid was also a major factor in the defeat of General Burgoyne's expedition in the Champlain corridor that ended in a British disaster at Saratoga. French ports accommodated American ships, including privateers and Continental Navy warships, that acted against British merchant ships. France provided significant economic aid, either as donations or loans, and also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4719984",
"chunk_text": "\"King George's War\"\nKing George's War King George's War (1744–1748) is the name given to the military operations in North America that formed part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748). It was the third of the four French and Indian Wars. It took place primarily in the British provinces of New York, Massachusetts Bay, New Hampshire, and Nova Scotia. Its most significant action was an expedition organized by Massachusetts Governor William Shirley that besieged and ultimately captured the French fortress of Louisbourg, on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, in 1745. In French, it is known as the \"\"Troisième Guerre Intercoloniale\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019365",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nof hostilities in the Ohio valley. Following the battle, Washington pulled back several miles and established Fort Necessity, which the Canadians attacked under the command of Jummonville's brother at the Battle of Fort Necessity on July 3. Washington surrendered and negotiated a withdrawal under arms. One of his men reported that the Canadian force was accompanied by Shawnee, Delaware, and Mingo warriors—just those whom Tanaghrisson was seeking to influence. News of the two battles reached England in August. After several months of negotiations, the government of the Duke of Newcastle decided to send an army expedition the following year to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12909138",
"chunk_text": "\"Seven Years' War\"\nParis between France, Spain and Great Britain and the Treaty of Hubertusburg between Saxony, Austria and Prussia, in 1763. The war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. The Native American tribes were excluded from the settlement; a subsequent conflict, known as Pontiac's War, which was a small scale war between the indigenous tribe known as the Odawas and the English, where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9690373",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian Wars\"\nthe British colonies. This was only true, however, when they were employed as home guard or as wilderness warriors. Besides a combat role, the Canadian militia also fulfilled important tasks behind the lines, such as transportation and road building. The Iroquois League played an important strategic role in the struggle between Britain and France over northeastern America because of its location east and south of Lake Ontario. The League's aggressive military and commercial policy gave the Iroquois control over large parts of the country, forcing many smaller Indian nations into submission. The Covenant Chain joined the Iroquois with the colony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756976",
"chunk_text": "\"New France\"\nin most of the former territory of New France until the arrival of British settlers led to the later creation of Upper Canada (today Ontario) and New Brunswick. The Louisiana Territory, under Spanish control since the end of the Seven Years' War, remained off-limits to settlement from the thirteen American colonies. Twelve years after the British defeated the French, the American Revolutionary War broke out in Britain's lower thirteen colonies. Many Québécois would take part in the war, including Major Clément Gosselin and Admiral Louis-Philippe de Vaudreuil. After the British surrender at Yorktown in 1781, the Treaty of Versailles gave",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13833479",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolutionary War\"\nallies was fundamentally flawed, citing impossible mutual support, exposing the forces to defeat in detail. Since the outbreak of the conflict, Britain had appealed to her ally, the neutral Dutch Republic, to lend her the use of the Scots Brigade for service in America, but pro-American sentiment among the Dutch public forced them to deny the request. Consequently, the British attempted to invoke several treaties for outright Dutch military support, but the Republic still refused. Moreover, American troops were being supplied with ordnance by Dutch merchants via their West Indies colonies. French supplies bound for America had also passed through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019401",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\ncontinued deployment of British troops, and it was not resolved until 1766. The war in North America officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February 1763, and war in the European theater was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which had been occupied by the British. France chose to cede the former but was able to negotiate the retention of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13019404",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nEurope and migrants from the colonies to the south. The British resettled many Acadians throughout its American provinces, but many went to France and some went to New Orleans, which they had expected to remain French. Some were sent to colonize places as diverse as French Guiana and the Falkland Islands, but these efforts were unsuccessful. Others migrated to places such as Saint-Domingue or fled to New Orleans after the Haitian Revolution. The Louisiana population contributed to the founding of the modern Cajun population. (The French word \"\"Acadien\"\" changed to \"\"Cadien\"\" then to \"\"Cajun\"\".) Following the treaty, King George III",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15164706",
"chunk_text": "\"France in the American Revolutionary War\"\noffered technical assistance, granting some of its military strategists \"\"vacations\"\" so they could assist American troops. Silas Deane, appointed by the Americans and helped by French animosity towards Britain, obtained unofficial aid, starting in early 1776. However, the goal was the total involvement of France in the war. A new delegation composed of Franklin, Deane, and Arthur Lee, was appointed to lobby for the involvement of European nations. Franklin, age 70 and already well known in French intellectual circles for his scientific discoveries, served as the chief diplomat with the title of \"\"minister\"\" (the term \"\"ambassador\"\" was not used). He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17786809",
"chunk_text": "\"Franco-Indian alliance\"\nally with the majority of the First Nations. According to one observer: At the beginning of the conflict, despite the disproportion of the forces involved, the French and their allies managed to inflict embarrassing defeats to the British, such as the Battle of Fort Necessity or the Battle of the Monongahela. Following the capture of Fort William Henry, the Marquis de Montcalm agreed to let the British withdraw with full honours of war - a civility that was not understood by some Indians who massacred the British and their camp followers on their way to Fort Edward. Facing major defeats",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8991857",
"chunk_text": "\"Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War\"\nwith France, officially bringing them into the war with England. By the end of the war, the colonies had received loans from several different European nations, including significant contribution from France, Spain and the Netherlands. In addition, the colonies received much private funding, most notably from the Marquis de Lafayette and the Baron of Kalb, both Frenchmen. This funding ultimately enabled them to fight the war of attrition that General Washington hoped for. Because the French possessed a powerful navy, their entrance into the war weakened the British blockade on colonial ports and further cut off the British army from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8409468",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian Wars\"\nFrench and Indian Wars The French and Indian Wars is a name used in the United States for a series of conflicts that occurred in North America between 1688 and 1763 and were related to the European dynastic wars. The title \"\"French and Indian War\"\" in the singular is used in the United States specifically for the warfare of 1754–63, the North American colonial counterpart to the Seven Years' War in Europe. The French and Indian Wars were preceded by the Beaver Wars. In Quebec, Canada, a former French colony, the wars are generally referred to as the War of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10275621",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Sorel\"\nof an era of British dominance outside Europe. The two nations returned much of the territory that they had each captured during the war, but Britain gained much of France's possessions in North America. The treaty did not involve Prussia and Austria as they signed a separate agreement, the Treaty of Hubertusburg, five days later. Battle of Sorel The Battle of Sorel occurred on June 19, 1610, with Samuel de Champlain supported by the Kingdom of France and his allies, the Wyandot people, Algonquin people and Innu people that fought against the Mohawk people in New France at present day",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331009",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nterm \"\"War of Conquest\"\" (\"\"Guerre de la Conquête\"\"), since it is the war in which Canada was conquered by the British and became part of the British Empire. In Quebec, this term was promoted by popular historians Jacques Lacoursière and Denis Vaugeois, who borrowed from the ideas of Maurice Séguin in considering this war as a dramatic tipping point of French Canadian identity and nationhood. At this time, America east of the Mississippi River was largely claimed by either Great Britain or France. Large areas had no colonial settlements. The French population numbered about 75,000 and was heavily concentrated along",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "331015",
"chunk_text": "\"French and Indian War\"\nYears' War. Florida's European population was a few hundred, concentrated in St. Augustine and Pensacola. At the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in America, and few British troops. New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine, companies of colonial regulars (some of whom had significant woodland combat experience). The colonial government recruited militia support when needed. Most of the British colonies mustered local militia companies to deal with Indian threats, generally ill trained and available only for short periods, but they did not have any standing forces. Virginia, by contrast, had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_463
|
which animal is the carrier of the h1n1 virus?
|
n/a
|
[
"Pig",
"pigs"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6174947",
"chunk_text": "\"2009 flu pandemic\"\nthe transmissibility of the H1N1 influenza virus in households is lower than that seen in past pandemics. Most transmissions occur soon before or after the onset of symptoms. The H1N1 virus has been transmitted to animals, including swine, turkeys, ferrets, household cats, at least one dog and a cheetah. The H1N1 vaccine was initially in short supply and in the U.S., the CDC recommended that initial doses should go to priority groups such as pregnant women, people who live with or care for babies under six months old, children six months to four years old and health-care workers. In the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19313445",
"chunk_text": "\"Global spread of H5N1\"\non March 15, 2006. People living in areas where the A(H5N1) virus has infected birds are advised to keep their cats indoors. \"\"Cats can be infected through the respiratory tract. Cats can also be infected when they ingest the virus, which is a novel route for influenza transmission in mammals. But cats excrete only one-thousandth the amount of virus that chickens do [...] The concern is that if large numbers of felines and other carnivores become infected, the virus might mutate in a series of events that could lead to an epidemic among humans. Dogs, foxes, seals, and other carnivores",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "460390",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus\"\ninfluenza A virus had been demonstrated to be transmitted from wild fowl to only birds, pigs, horses, seals, whales and humans; and only between humans and pigs and between humans and domestic fowl; and not other pathways such as domestic fowl to horse. Wild aquatic birds are the natural hosts for a large variety of influenza A viruses. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from these birds to other species and may then cause devastating outbreaks in domestic poultry or give rise to human influenza pandemics. H5N1 has been shown to be transmitted to tigers, leopards, and domestic cats that were fed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183635",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\nchickens, which were in turn infected by other poultry or waterfowl. Migrating waterfowl (wild ducks, geese and swans) carry H5N1, often without becoming sick. Many species of birds and mammals can be infected with HPAI A(H5N1), but the role of animals other than poultry and waterfowl as disease-spreading hosts is unknown. According to a report by the World Health Organization, H5N1 may be spread indirectly. The report stated the virus may sometimes stick to surfaces or get kicked up in fertilizer dust to infect people. H5N1 has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles, some pathogenic to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19313706",
"chunk_text": "\"Transmission and infection of H5N1\"\nTransmission and infection of H5N1 Transmission and infection of H5N1 from infected avian sources to humans has been a concern since the first documented case of human infection in 1997, due to the global spread of H5N1 that constitutes a pandemic threat. Infected birds pass on H5N1 through their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Other birds may pick up the virus through direct contact with these excretions or when they have contact with surfaces contaminated with this material. Because migratory birds are among the carriers of the H5N1 virus it may spread to all parts of the world. Past outbreaks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16979141",
"chunk_text": "\"Transmission and infection of H5N1\"\nTransmission and infection of H5N1 Transmission and infection of H5N1 from infected avian sources to humans has been a concern since the first documented case of human infection in 1997, due to the global spread of H5N1 that constitutes a pandemic threat. Infected birds pass on H5N1 through their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Other birds may pick up the virus through direct contact with these excretions or when they have contact with surfaces contaminated with this material. Because migratory birds are among the carriers of the H5N1 virus it may spread to all parts of the world. Past outbreaks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4063835",
"chunk_text": "\"Canine influenza\"\nwith two other canines reporting alarming symptoms, were made public. By March 5th, 25 cases of infection were reportedly spread, although the number is thought to be closer to approximately 100. Influenza A viruses are enveloped, negative sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Genome analysis has shown that H3N8 was transferred from horses to dogs and then adapted to dogs through point mutations in the genes. The incubation period is two to five days, and viral shedding may occur for seven to ten days following the onset of symptoms. It does not induce a persistent carrier state. About 80% of infected dogs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6714388",
"chunk_text": "\"Infectious canine hepatitis\"\nInfectious canine hepatitis Infectious canine hepatitis is an acute liver infection in dogs caused by canine adenovirus type-1 (CAV-1). CAV-1 also causes disease in wolves, coyotes, and bears, and encephalitis in foxes. The virus is spread in the feces, urine, blood, saliva, and nasal discharge of infected dogs. It is contracted through the mouth or nose, where it replicates in the tonsils. The virus then infects the liver and kidneys. The incubation period is 4 to 7 days. Symptoms include fever, depression, loss of appetite, coughing, and a tender abdomen. Corneal edema and signs of liver disease, such as jaundice,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13184349",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H3N8\"\nInfluenza A virus subtype H3N8 H3N8 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus that is endemic in birds, horses and dogs. In 2011, it was reported to have been found in seals. Cats have been experimentally infected with the virus, leading to clinical signs, shedding of the virus, and infection of other cats. Equine influenza (EI) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of horses and related animals such as donkeys, mules and zebras (collectively known as equines). Equine influenza is caused by a type A influenza virus in the family Orthomyxoviridae (genus Influenzavirus) Transmission of the equine influenza",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19313446",
"chunk_text": "\"Global spread of H5N1\"\nmay be vulnerable to A(H5N1) virus infection, Dr. Osterhaus said. Tests in Thailand have shown that the virus has infected dogs without causing apparent symptoms.\"\" H5N1 has the potential to infect cattle. Asymptomatic shedding of H5N1 by infected calves and subsequent seroconversion is possible. Bird-to-calf transmission resulting in seroconversion is probable. While the incidence of clinical infections of cattle with H5N1 in H5N1 endemic regions should be low, \"\"serum from bovine species would be a valuable source of additional information about transmission events, especially in regions like Asia and Egypt, where HPAIV (H5N1) is endemic and probability of contact between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5485404",
"chunk_text": "\"Sendai virus\"\nfor two months. Sendai virus Sendai virus (SeV), previously also known as murine parainfluenza virus type 1 or hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), is a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family \"\"Paramyxoviridae\"\", a group of viruses featuring, notably, the genera \"\"Morbillivirus\"\" and \"\"Rubulavirus\"\". SeV is a member of genus \"\"Respirovirus\"\", members of which primarily infect mammals. SeV is responsible for a highly transmissible respiratory tract infection in mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and occasionally pigs, and marmosets with infection passing through both air and direct contact routes. The virus can be detected in mouse colonies worldwide, generally in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9990322",
"chunk_text": "\"Viral evolution\"\nexample, are a group of closely related, but distinct viruses that infect a broad range of animals. The group includes measles virus, which infects humans and primates; canine distemper virus, which infects many animals including dogs, cats, bears, weasels and hyaenas; rinderpest, which infected cattle and buffalo; and other viruses of seals, porpoises and dolphins. Although it is not possible to prove which of these rapidly evolving viruses is the earliest, for such a closely related group of viruses to be found in such diverse hosts suggests the possibility that their common ancestor is ancient. Viruses have been able to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5485397",
"chunk_text": "\"Sendai virus\"\nSendai virus Sendai virus (SeV), previously also known as murine parainfluenza virus type 1 or hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), is a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family \"\"Paramyxoviridae\"\", a group of viruses featuring, notably, the genera \"\"Morbillivirus\"\" and \"\"Rubulavirus\"\". SeV is a member of genus \"\"Respirovirus\"\", members of which primarily infect mammals. SeV is responsible for a highly transmissible respiratory tract infection in mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and occasionally pigs, and marmosets with infection passing through both air and direct contact routes. The virus can be detected in mouse colonies worldwide, generally in suckling to young",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20609886",
"chunk_text": "\"Animal virus\"\nprotein VP2 allowed it to cross the species barrier, and dogs, unlike cats, had no resistance to the disease. Canine distemper virus is closely related to measles virus and is the most important viral disease of dogs. The disease (which was first described in 1760, by Edward Jenner, the pioneer of smallpox vaccination, is highly contagious, but is well controlled by vaccination. In the 1990s, thousands of African lions died from the infection, which they contracted from feral dogs and hyenas. Marine mammals are susceptible to viral infections. In 1988 and 2002, thousands of harbor seals were killed in Europe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183604",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\nInfluenza A virus subtype H5N1 Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, also known as A(H5N1) or simply H5N1, is a subtype of the influenza A virus which can cause illness in humans and many other animal species. A bird-adapted strain of H5N1, called HPAI A(H5N1) for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of type A of subtype H5N1, is the highly pathogenic causative agent of H5N1 flu, commonly known as avian influenza (\"\"bird flu\"\"). It is enzootic (maintained in the population) in many bird populations, especially in Southeast Asia. One strain of HPAI A(H5N1) is spreading globally after first appearing in Asia.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12380010",
"chunk_text": "Adenoviridae\npigs, sheep, and goats. \"\"Equine adenovirus 1\"\" can also cause fatal disease in immunocompromised Arabian foals, involving pneumonia and destruction of pancreatic and salivary gland tissue. \"\"Tupaia adenovirus\"\" (TAV) (Tree shrew adenovirus 1) has been isolated from tree shrews. Otarine adenovirus 1 has been isolated from sea lions (Zalophus californianus). The Fowl adenoviruses are associated with many disease conditions in domestic fowl like Inclusion body hepatitis, Hydropericardium syndrome, Egg drop syndrome, Quail bronchitis and many respiratory conditions.They have also been isolated from wild Black Kites (Milvus migrans). Titi monkey adenovirus was isolated from a colony of monkeys. In the past,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5644569",
"chunk_text": "\"Pandemic H1N1/09 virus\"\ntouching cat's eyes, nose, and mouth while sick. Thoroughly wash your hands after handling a sick pet since it may be possible for cats to transmit the virus to humans. This is the third confirmed case of H1N1 in a cat in the U.S.; other cases have occurred in Utah and Iowa. The first case of a dog with H1N1 was reported in December 2009. On July 22, 2011 the Norwegian Veterinary Institute reported the first occurrence of 2009-H1N1 influenza virus in minks. The initial outbreak of a novel swine-origin H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009 and the virus strain that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "460391",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus\"\nuncooked domestic fowl (chickens) with the virus. H3N8 viruses from horses have crossed over and caused outbreaks in dogs. Laboratory mice have been infected successfully with a variety of avian flu genotypes. Influenza A viruses spread in the air and in manure, and survives longer in cold weather. It can also be transmitted by contaminated feed, water, equipment and clothing; however, there is no evidence the virus can survive in well-cooked meat. Symptoms in animals vary, but virulent strains can cause death within a few days. \"\"Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus is on every top ten list available for potential",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17446456",
"chunk_text": "\"Veterinary virology\"\narteritis virus (EAV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV) of mice and simian haemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV). Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense RNA genome and with a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry. They infect the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds. They are the cause of a wide range of diseases in cats, dog, pigs, rodents, cattle and humans. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route. Torovirus is a genus of viruses within the family \"\"Coronaviridae\"\", subfamily \"\"Torovirinae\"\" that primarily infect vertebrates and include Berne virus of horses and Breda virus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4278317",
"chunk_text": "Coronavirus\nvirus can result in feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a disease associated with high mortality. Similarly, there are two types of coronavirus that infect ferrets: Ferret enteric coronavirus causes a gastrointestinal syndrome known as epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE), and a more lethal systemic version of the virus (like FIP in cats) known in ferrets as ferret systemic coronavirus (FSC). There are two types of canine coronavirus (CCoV), one that causes mild gastrointestinal disease and one that has been found to cause respiratory disease. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a coronavirus that causes an epidemic murine illness with high mortality, especially among",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4063834",
"chunk_text": "\"Canine influenza\"\nCalifornia, Connecticut, Delaware, and Hawaii. Three areas in the United States may now be considered endemic for CIV due to continuous waves of cases: New York, southern Florida, and northern Colorado/southern Wyoming. No evidence shows the virus can be transferred to people, cats, or other species. H5N1 (avian influenza) was also shown to cause death in one dog in Thailand, following ingestion of an infected duck. The H3N2 virus made its first appearance in Canada at the start of 2018, following the importation of two unknowingly infected canines from South Korea. Following this incidence, reports of the virus possibly spreading,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7209467",
"chunk_text": "Orthomyxoviridae\nbinding of the virus to target cells and entry of the viral genome into the target cell. The hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) proteins are targets for antiviral drugs. These proteins are also recognised by antibodies, i.e. they are antigens. The responses of antibodies to these proteins are used to classify the different serotypes of influenza A viruses, hence the \"\"H\"\" and \"\"N\"\" in \"\"H5N1\"\". Typically, influenza is transmitted from infected mammals through the air by coughs or sneezes, creating aerosols containing the virus, and from infected birds through their droppings. Influenza can also be transmitted by saliva, nasal secretions,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183634",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\navian virus preferentially binds to a type of galactose receptors that populate the avian respiratory tract from the nose to the lungs and are virtually absent in humans, occurring only in and around the alveoli, structures deep in the lungs where oxygen is passed to the blood. Therefore, the virus is not easily expelled by coughing and sneezing, the usual route of transmission. H5N1 is mainly spread by domestic poultry, both through the movements of infected birds and poultry products and through the use of infected poultry manure as fertilizer or feed. Humans with H5N1 have typically caught it from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15505960",
"chunk_text": "\"Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus\"\nTransmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) is a virus belonging to the family \"\"Coronaviridae\"\", genus \"\"Alphacoronavirus\"\", species \"\"Alphacoronavirus 1\"\". TGEV are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a helical symmetry. The genomic size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 28.6 kilobases. Proteins that contribute to the overall structure of TGEV includes the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N). Other coronaviruses belonging to \"\"Alphacoronavirus 1\"\" species include \"\"Feline coronavirus\"\", \"\"Canine coronavirus\"\" and \"\"Feline infectious peritonitis virus\"\". TGEV belongs to the family Coronaviridae, genus \"\"Alphacoronavirus\"\", species \"\"Alphacoronavirus 1\"\". It is an enveloped virus with a positive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16543694",
"chunk_text": "\"Global spread of H5N1\"\nthe resulting illness, so many more than 20% of the original cat populations may have acquired H5N1.\"\" H5N1 has been transmitted in laboratories to many species including mice and ferrets to study its effects. A purposely mutated strain in ferrets has engendered a notable international policy debate regarding the openness of scientific research, the mandates of public health, and the potential for bioterrorism. H5N1 was transmitted in the wild to three civet cats in Vietnam in August 2005 and a stone marten in Germany in March 2006. The BBC reported that a stray dog in Azerbaijan died from the disease",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5050727",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus\"\nMexico, for example, mass vaccination of chickens against epidemic H5N2 influenza in 1995 has had to continue in order to control a persistent and evolving virus (Lee et al., 2004).\"\" 1997: \"\"Influenza A viruses normally seen in one species sometimes can cross over and cause illness in another species. For example, until 1997, only H1N1 viruses circulated widely in the US pig population. However, in 1997, H3N2 viruses from humans were introduced into the pig population and caused widespread disease among pigs. Most recently, H3N8 viruses from horses have crossed over and caused outbreaks in dogs.\"\" 2000: \"\"In California, poultry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6714391",
"chunk_text": "\"Infectious canine hepatitis\"\ncompounds. Otherwise, the virus can survive in the environment for months in the right conditions. It can also be released in the urine of a recovered dog for up to a year. Infectious canine hepatitis Infectious canine hepatitis is an acute liver infection in dogs caused by canine adenovirus type-1 (CAV-1). CAV-1 also causes disease in wolves, coyotes, and bears, and encephalitis in foxes. The virus is spread in the feces, urine, blood, saliva, and nasal discharge of infected dogs. It is contracted through the mouth or nose, where it replicates in the tonsils. The virus then infects the liver",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "212097",
"chunk_text": "\"Feline coronavirus\"\nFeline coronavirus Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that is infectious to cats worldwide. This virus is part of the Alphacoronavirus 1 species of the Alphacoronavirus genus belonging to the Coronaviridae family of viruses. Alphacoronavirus 1 also includes the canine coronavirus (CCoV) and the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV). It has two different forms; the FECV (feline enteric coronavirus) that infects the intestines and the FIPV (feline infectious peritonitis virus) that causes the disease feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Feline coronavirus is typically shed in feces by healthy cats and transmitted by the fecal-oral route to other cats. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183640",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\ninfect mammals, as well. From this point on, avian flu experts increasingly referred to containment as a strategy that can delay, but not ultimately prevent, a future avian flu pandemic. \"\"Since 1997, studies of influenza A (H5N1) indicate that these viruses continue to evolve, with changes in antigenicity and internal gene constellations; an expanded host range in avian species and the ability to infect felids; enhanced pathogenicity in experimentally infected mice and ferrets, in which they cause systemic infections; and increased environmental stability.\"\" \"\"The New York Times\"\", in an article on transmission of H5N1 through smuggled birds, reports Wade Hagemeijer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4383788",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H2N3\"\nInfluenza A virus subtype H2N3 H2N3 is a subtype of the influenza A virus. Its name derives from the forms of the two kinds of proteins on the surface of its coat, hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). H2N3 viruses can infect birds and mammals. According to research published by the US National Institutes of Health, the triple reassortant H2N3 virus isolated from diseased pigs in the United States in 2006 is pathogenic for certain mammals without prior adaptation and transmits among swine and ferrets. Adaptation, in the H2 hemagglutinin derived from an avian virus, includes the ability to bind to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14519843",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H3N8\"\npotentially causing inflammation of skeletal and cardiac muscle (myositis and myocarditis), encephalitic signs, and limb edema Influenza A virus subtype H3N8 H3N8 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus that is endemic in birds, horses and dogs. In 2011, it was reported to have been found in seals. Cats have been experimentally infected with the virus, leading to clinical signs, shedding of the virus, and infection of other cats. Equine influenza (EI) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of horses and related animals such as donkeys, mules and zebras (collectively known as equines). Equine influenza is caused by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8098763",
"chunk_text": "\"Canine herpesvirus\"\nCanine herpesvirus Canine herpesvirus (CHV) is a virus of the family \"\"Herpesviridae\"\" which most importantly causes a fatal hemorrhagic disease in puppies (and in wild \"\"Canidae\"\") less than two to three weeks old. It is known to exist in the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan, England and Germany. CHV was first recognized in the mid-1960s from a fatal disease in puppies. The incubation period of CHV is six to ten days. CHV is transmitted to puppies in the birth canal and by contact with infected oral and nasal secretions from the mother or other infected dogs, but it is not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10196688",
"chunk_text": "Influenza\nsuch as lymphocytes, macrophages, and/or antigen presenting cells, in an effort to drive an immune response towards a cytotoxic effect against the virus. Influenza models, such as murine influenza, are convenient models to test the effects of prophylactic and therapeutic biologics. For example, Lymphocyte T-Cell Immune Modulator inhibits viral growth in the murine model of influenza. Influenza infects many animal species, and transfer of viral strains between species can occur. Birds are thought to be the main animal reservoirs of influenza viruses. Sixteen forms of hemagglutinin and nine forms of neuraminidase have been identified. All known subtypes (HxNy) are found",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "873431",
"chunk_text": "\"Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus\"\nand they can be used to target antigens to that area and generate some immune response. Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) is a virus belonging to the family \"\"Coronaviridae\"\", genus \"\"Alphacoronavirus\"\", species \"\"Alphacoronavirus 1\"\". TGEV are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a helical symmetry. The genomic size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 28.6 kilobases. Proteins that contribute to the overall structure of TGEV includes the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N). Other coronaviruses belonging to \"\"Alphacoronavirus 1\"\" species include \"\"Feline coronavirus\"\", \"\"Canine coronavirus\"\" and \"\"Feline infectious peritonitis virus\"\". TGEV belongs to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17020142",
"chunk_text": "\"NS1 influenza protein\"\nto alert our readers about three facts that may affect this conclusion. First, Ngunjiri \"\"et al.\"\" have recently found that aliquots of the SJPL cell line obtained from the American Type Culture Collection were heavily contaminated with mycoplasma. Although the mycoplasma status of the cells used in the original paper is unknown, it is not possible to rule out that they were contaminated. Second, SJPL cells were originally reported to be of porcine origin, but a recent analysis has indicated that they are of simian origin. Third, Ngunjiri \"\"et al.\"\" have found H5N1 viruses to be sensitive to interferons in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19313441",
"chunk_text": "\"Global spread of H5N1\"\ntigers in an effort to stop the zoo from becoming a reservoir for H5N1 influenza. A study of domestic cats showed H5N1 virus infection by ingestion of infected poultry and also by contact with other infected cats (Kuiken et al., 2004).\"\" The initial OIE report reads: \"\"the clinical manifestations began on 11 October 2004 with weakness, lethargy, respiratory distress, and high fever (about 41-42 degrees Celsius). There was no response to any antibiotic treatment. Death occurred within three days following the onset of clinical signs with severe pulmonary lesions.\"\" A dead cat infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4278316",
"chunk_text": "Coronavirus\nCoronaviruses also cause a range of diseases in farm animals and domesticated pets, some of which can be serious and are a threat to the farming industry. In chickens, the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, targets not only the respiratory tract but also the uro-genital tract. The virus can spread to different organs throughout the chicken. Economically significant coronaviruses of farm animals include porcine coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, TGE) and bovine coronavirus, which both result in diarrhea in young animals. Feline Coronavirus: two forms, Feline enteric coronavirus is a pathogen of minor clinical significance, but spontaneous mutation of this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9953206",
"chunk_text": "\"H5N1 genetic structure\"\ntime. H5N1 viruses can reassort genes with other strains that co-infect a host organism, such as a pig, bird, or human, and mutate into a form that can pass easily among humans. This is one of many possible paths to a pandemic. The ability of various influenza strains to show species-selectivity is largely due to variation in the hemagglutinin genes. Genetic mutations in the hemagglutinin gene that cause single amino acid substitutions can significantly alter the ability of viral hemagglutinin proteins to bind to receptors on the surface of host cells. Such mutations in avian H5N1 viruses can change virus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183638",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\ngenotype are increasing their pathogenicity. Birds are also able to shed the virus for longer periods of time before their death, increasing the transmissibility of the virus. Infected birds transmit H5N1 through their saliva, nasal secretions, feces and blood. Other animals may become infected with the virus through direct contact with these bodily fluids or through contact with surfaces contaminated with them. H5N1 remains infectious after over 30 days at 0 °C ( 32.0 °F) (over one month at freezing temperature) or 6 days at 37 °C ( 98.6 °F) (one week at human body temperature); at ordinary temperatures it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16491657",
"chunk_text": "Bocaparvovirus\nfollows the rolling-hairpin model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export. Humans, cattle, and dogs serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are oral and respiratory. These viruses generally infect the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Some may cross the placenta and cause congenital infection of the fetus. \"\"Canine minute virus\"\", first isolated in 1967 and associated with disease in 1970, causes respiratory disease with breathing difficulty and enteritis with severe diarrhoea, spontaneous abortion of fetuses, and death of newborn puppies. Human bocaviruses were first isolated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12071257",
"chunk_text": "Morbillivirus\nattaching to host cell. Replication follows the negative-stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering, through co-transcriptional RNA editing is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Humans, dogs, cattle, and cetaceans serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are respiratory. Morbillivirus Morbillivirus is a genus of viruses in the order \"\"Mononegavirales\"\", in the family \"\"Paramyxoviridae\"\". Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus currently included seven species. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles: fever,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "612342",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\nin Pyongyang. Novel, contagious strains of H5N1 were created by Ron Fouchier of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, who first presented his work to the public at an influenza conference in Malta in September 2011. Three mutations were introduced into the H5N1 virus genome, and the virus was then passed from the noses of infected ferrets to the noses of uninfected ones, which was repeated 10 times. After these 10 passages the H5N1 virus had acquired the ability of transmission between ferrets via aerosols or respiratory droplets. After Fouchier offered an article describing this work to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13022006",
"chunk_text": "Orthohantavirus\nSpanish, \"\"\"\"virus sin nombre\"\"\"\", meaning \"\"nameless virus\"\". The host was first identified as the deer mouse (\"\"Peromyscus maniculatus\"\") by Terry Yates, a professor at the University of New Mexico. Orthohantavirus Orthohantaviruses (or hantaviruses) are single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA viruses in the Hantaviridae family of the order Bunyavirales, which normally infect rodents where they do not cause disease. Humans may become infected with hantaviruses through contact with rodent urine, saliva, or feces. Some strains cause potentially fatal diseases in humans, such as hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19313447",
"chunk_text": "\"Global spread of H5N1\"\npoultry and cattle is high.\"\" Global spread of H5N1 The global spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While other H5N1 influenza strains are known, they are significantly different from a current, highly pathogenic H5N1 strain on a genetic level, making the global spread of this new strain unprecedented. The H5N1 strain is a fast-mutating, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) found in multiple bird species. It is both epizootic (an epidemic in non-humans) and panzootic (a disease affecting animals of many species especially over a wide area). Unless otherwise indicated, \"\"H5N1\"\" in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19240330",
"chunk_text": "Hepeviridae\nHepeviridae Hepeviridae is a family of viruses. Human, pig, wild boar, sheep, cow, camel, monkey, some rodents, bats and chickens serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this family, divided between two genera. Diseases associated with this family include: hepatitis; high mortality rate during pregnancy; and avian hepatitis E virus is the cause of hepatitis-splenomegaly (HS) syndrome among chickens.\"\"Orthohepevirus\"\" used to be known as \"\"Hepevirus\"\". The virus that causes Hepatitis E belongs to the genus \"\"Orthohepevirus\"\". Group: ssRNA+ A third genus has been proposed - Insecthepevirus. This proposed genus contains one species - Sogatella furcifera hepe-like virus. Viruses",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4278318",
"chunk_text": "Coronavirus\ncolonies of laboratory mice. A HKU2-related bat corona virus called SADS-CoV causes diarrhea in pigs. Prior to the discovery of SARS-CoV, MHV had been the best-studied coronavirus both \"\"in vivo\"\" and \"\"in vitro\"\" as well as at the molecular level. Some strains of MHV cause a progressive demyelinating encephalitis in mice which has been used as a murine model for multiple sclerosis. Significant research efforts have been focused on elucidating the viral pathogenesis of these animal coronaviruses, especially by virologists interested in veterinary and zoonotic diseases. Replication of Coronavirus begins with entry to the cell which takes place in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2183639",
"chunk_text": "\"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1\"\nlasts in the environment for weeks. In Arctic temperatures, it does not degrade at all. Because migratory birds are among the carriers of the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus, it is spreading to all parts of the world. H5N1 is different from all previously known highly pathogenic avian flu viruses in its ability to be spread by animals other than poultry. In October 2004, researchers discovered H5N1 is far more dangerous than was previously believed. Waterfowl were revealed to be directly spreading this highly pathogenic strain to chickens, crows, pigeons, and other birds, and the virus was increasing its ability to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1776645",
"chunk_text": "Morbillivirus\nMorbillivirus Morbillivirus is a genus of viruses in the order \"\"Mononegavirales\"\", in the family \"\"Paramyxoviridae\"\". Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus currently included seven species. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles: fever, and rash; in animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection. Table legend: \"\"*\"\" denotes type species Morbillivirions are enveloped, with spherical geometries. Their diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15-16 kb in length. The genome codes for eight proteins. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15139754",
"chunk_text": "Ferret\ninfluenza, and have been used to study the 2009 H1N1 (swine flu) virus. Smith, Andrews, Laidlaw (1933) inoculated ferrets intra-nasally with human naso-pharyngeal washes, which produced a form of influenza that spread to other cage mates. The human influenza virus (Influenza type A) was transmitted from an infected ferret to a junior investigator, from whom it was subsequently re-isolated. Male ferrets are called hobs; female ferrets are jills. A spayed female is a sprite, a neutered male is a gib, and a vasectomised male is known as a hoblet. Ferrets under one year old are known as kits. A group",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10196689",
"chunk_text": "Influenza\nin birds, but many subtypes are endemic in humans, dogs, horses, and pigs; populations of camels, ferrets, cats, seals, mink, and whales also show evidence of prior infection or exposure to influenza. Variants of flu virus are sometimes named according to the species the strain is endemic in or adapted to. The main variants named using this convention are: bird flu, human flu, swine flu, horse flu and dog flu. (Cat flu generally refers to feline viral rhinotracheitis or feline calicivirus and not infection from an influenza virus.) In pigs, horses and dogs, influenza symptoms are similar to humans, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_464
|
which type of fire detector uses the effect of smoke on a light source and photo-electric cell?
|
n/a
|
[
"optical smoke detector"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830020",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nencasing the detector. The 10-year-lithium-battery-powered smoke alarm was introduced in 1995. The photoelectric (optical) smoke detector was invented by Donald Steele and Robert Emmark of Electro Signal Lab and patented in 1972. An ionization smoke detector uses a radioisotope, typically americium-241, to ionize air; a difference due to smoke is detected and an alarm is generated. Ionization detectors are more sensitive to the flaming stage of fires than optical detectors, while optical detectors are more sensitive to fires in the early smouldering stage. The smoke detector has two ionization chambers, one open to the air, and a reference chamber which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676318",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nradiation. Some European countries, including France, and some US states and municipalities have banned the use of domestic ionic smoke alarms because of concerns that they are not reliable enough as compared to other technologies. Where an ionizing smoke detector has been the only detector, fires in the early stages have not always been effectively detected. A photoelectric, or optical smoke detector contains a source of infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light (typically an incandescent light bulb or light-emitting diode), a lens, and a photoelectric receiver (typically a photodiode). In spot-type detectors all of these components are arranged inside a chamber",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676320",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nparticulates of smoke, air-borne dust, or other substances; the circuitry detects the light intensity and generates the alarm if it is below a specified threshold, potentially due to smoke. In other types, typically chamber types, the light is not directed at the sensor, which is not illuminated in the absence of particles. If the air in the chamber contains particles (smoke or dust), the light is scattered and some of it reaches the sensor, triggering the alarm. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), \"\"photoelectric smoke detection is generally more responsive to fires that begin with a long period",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676319",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nwhere air, which may contain smoke from a nearby fire, flows. In large open areas such as atria and auditoriums, optical beam or projected-beam smoke detectors are used instead of a chamber within the unit: a wall-mounted unit emits a beam of infrared or ultraviolet light which is either received and processed by a separate device, or reflected back to the receiver by a reflector. In some types, particularly optical beam types, the light emitted by the light source passes through the air being tested and reaches the photosensor. The received light intensity will be reduced due to scattering from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830029",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nA presentation by Siemens and the Canadian Fire Alarm Association reports the ionization detector as best at detecting incipient-stage fires with invisibly small particles, fast-flaming fires with smaller 0.01-0.4 micron particles, and dark or black smoke, while more modern photoelectric detectors are best at detecting slow-smouldering fires with larger 0.4–10.0 micron particles, and light-coloured white/grey smoke. Photoelectric smoke detectors respond faster to fire in its early, smouldering stage (before it breaks into flame). The smoke from the smouldering stage of a fire is typically made up of large combustion particles—between 0.3 and 10.0 µm. Ionization smoke detectors respond faster (typically",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4884301",
"chunk_text": "\"Security alarm\"\nmeet all the local fire code requirements of a fire alarm system. Traditional smoke detectors are technically ionisation smoke detectors which create an electric current between two metal plates, which sound an alarm when disrupted by smoke entering the chamber. Ionisation smoke alarms can quickly detect the small amounts of smoke produced by fast-flaming fires, such as cooking fires or those fueled by paper or flammable liquids. A newer, and perhaps safer, type is a photoelectric smoke detector. It contains a light source in a light-sensitive electric sensor, which is positioned at a 90-degree angles to the sensor. Normally, light",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830014",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nSmoke detector A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. Commercial security devices issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself. Smoke detectors are housed in plastic enclosures, typically shaped like a disk about in diameter and thick, but shape and size vary. Smoke can be detected either optically (photoelectric) or by physical process (ionization); detectors may use either, or both, methods. Sensitive alarms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16862242",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\nbeam, typically through either absorbance or light scattering. Once a certain percentage of the transmitted light has been blocked by the smoke, a fire is signalled. Optical beam smoke detectors are typically used to detect fires in large commercial and industrial buildings, as components in a larger fire alarm system. Optical beam smoke detectors consist of at least one light transmitter and one receiver, which is photosensitive. The photosensitive receiver monitors light produced by the transmitter under normal conditions. In the absence of smoke, light passes from the light transmitter to the receiver in a straight line. In a fire,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4884302",
"chunk_text": "\"Security alarm\"\nfrom the light source shoots straight across and misses the sensor. When smoke enters the chamber, it scatters the light, which then hits the sensor and triggers the alarm. Photoelectric smoke detectors typically respond faster to a fire in its early, smoldering stage – before the source of the fire bursts into flames. Motion sensors are devices that use various forms of technology to detect movement. The technology typically found in motion sensors to trigger an alarm includes infrared, ultrasonic, vibration and contact. Dual technology sensors combine two or more forms of detection in order to reduce false alarms as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7006952",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\nOptical beam smoke detector An optical beam smoke detector is a device that uses a projected beam of light to detect smoke across large areas, typically as an indicator of fire. They are used to detect fires in buildings where standard point smoke detectors would either be uneconomical or restricted for use by the height of the building. Optical beam smoke detectors are often installed in warehouses as a cost effective means of protecting large open spaces. Optical beam smoke detectors work on the principle of light obscuration, where the presence of smoke blocks some of the light from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11232908",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nBoth AFAC and the IAFF recommend photoelectric smoke alarms, but not combination ionization/photoelectric smoke alarms. According to fire tests conformant to EN 54, the CO cloud from open fire can usually be detected before particulate. Due to the varying levels of detection capabilities between detector types, manufacturers have designed multi-criteria devices which cross-reference the separate signals to both rule out false alarms and improve response times to real fires. Commercial smoke detectors are either conventional or addressable, and are connected to security alarm or fire alarm systems controlled by fire alarm control panels (FACP). These are the most common type",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830027",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\neither detect both heat and smoke, or use both the ionization and photoelectric processes. Some combination alarms may include a carbon monoxide detection capability. The type and sensitivity of light source and photoelectric sensor, and type of smoke chamber differ between manufacturers. Carbon monoxide sensors detect potentially fatal concentrations of carbon monoxide gas, which may build up due to faulty ventilation where there are combustion appliances such as gas heaters and cookers, although there is no uncontrolled fire outside the appliance. High levels of carbon dioxide (CO) may indicate a fire, and can be detected by a carbon dioxide sensor.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830030",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\n30–60 seconds) in the flaming stage of a fire. The smoke from the flaming stage of a fire is typically made up of microscopic combustion particles—between 0.01 and 0.3 µm. Also, ionization detectors are weaker in high air-flow environments, and because of this, the photoelectric smoke detector is more reliable for detecting smoke in both the smoldering and flaming stages of a fire. In June 2006, the Australasian Fire & Emergency Service Authorities Council, the peak representative body for all Australian and New Zealand fire departments, published an official report, 'Position on Smoke Alarms in Residential Accommodation'. Clause 3.0 states,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676321",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nof smoldering\"\". Studies by Texas A&M and the NFPA cited by the City of Palo Alto, California state, \"\"Photoelectric alarms react slower to rapidly growing fires than ionization alarms, but laboratory and field tests have shown that photoelectric smoke alarms provide adequate warning for all types of fires and have been shown to be far less likely to be deactivated by occupants.\"\" Although photoelectric alarms are highly effective at detecting smoldering fires and do provide adequate protection from flaming fires, fire safety experts and the National Fire Protection Agency recommend installing what are called combination alarms, which are alarms that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11232910",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\ncalled \"\"conventional detectors\"\" are smoke detectors used in older interconnected systems and resemble electrical switches by their way of working. These detectors are connected in parallel to the signaling path so that the current flow is monitored to indicate a closure of the circuit path by any connected detector when smoke or other similar environmental stimulus sufficiently influences any detector. The resulting increase in current flow (or a dead short) is interpreted and processed by the control unit as a confirmation of the presence of smoke and a fire alarm signal is generated. In a conventional system, smoke detectors are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2683125",
"chunk_text": "Phototube\nPhototube A phototube or photoelectric cell is a type of gas-filled or vacuum tube that is sensitive to light. Such a tube is more correctly called a 'photoemissive cell' to distinguish it from photovoltaic or photoconductive cells. Phototubes were previously more widely used but are now replaced in many applications by solid state photodetectors. The photomultiplier tube is one of the most sensitive light detectors, and is still widely used in physics research. Phototubes operate according to the photoelectric effect: Incoming photons strike a photocathode, knocking electrons out of its surface, which are attracted to an anode. Thus current is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830057",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nto disclose the level of visible smoke required to trigger the manufacturers' ionization smoke alarms under CSIRO scientific testing. The US state of California banned the sale of smoke detectors with replaceable batteries Smoke detector A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. Commercial security devices issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself. Smoke detectors are housed in plastic enclosures, typically shaped like",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830048",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nthan photoelectric alarms (57 to 62 seconds faster response), and photoelectric alarms provided (often) considerably faster response to smoldering fires than ionization type alarms (47 to 53 minutes faster response).\"\" Regular cleaning can prevent false alarms caused by the build-up of dust and insects, particularly on optical type alarms as they are more susceptible to these factors. A vacuum cleaner can be used to clean domestic smoke detectors to remove detrimental dust. Optical detectors are less susceptible to false alarms in locations such as near a kitchen producing cooking fumes. On the night of May 31, 2001, Bill Hackert and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16862244",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\nis also an advantage for aesthetic installations, where fire protection is required without introducing unsightly or overtly modern devices. Aesthetic considerations are especially important for cultural and heritage sites. End-to-end detectors include open-area smoke imaging detection, in which two wavelengths of light are used to detect smoke. UV and IR wavelengths of light react to smoke differently, and the comparative difference helps to verify real smoke by comparing the reflections and seeing a difference in the profile. UV and IR respond identically to things like blockage (ladder in front to detector path), bugs (blocking beam), fog, steam, and other things",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14141459",
"chunk_text": "Smoke\nthe polymer chains has such effect too. The naked eye detects particle sizes greater than 7 µm (micrometres). Visible particles emitted from a fire are referred to as smoke. Invisible particles are generally referred to as gas or fumes. This is best illustrated when toasting bread in a toaster. As the bread heats up, the products of combustion increase in size. The fumes initially produced are invisible but become visible if the toast is burnt. An ionization chamber type smoke detector is technically a product of combustion detector, not a smoke detector. Ionization chamber type smoke detectors detect particles of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599338",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\ntracing defects in high voltage equipment and fire detection over high distances. In some detectors, a sensor for visible radiation (light) is added to the design. Closed-circuit television or a web camera can be used for visual detection of (wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.7 µm). Smoke or fog can limit the effective range of these, since they operate solely in the visible spectrum. The intense ionization within the body of a flame can be measured by means by the phenomena of Flame Rectification whereby an AC current flows more easily in one direction when a voltage is applied. This current",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278166",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nFire Fighter's Association of Australia published a World Fire Safety Foundation report, 'Ionization Smoke Alarms are DEADLY', citing research outlining substantial performance differences between ionization and photoelectric technology. In November 2013, the Ohio Fire Chiefs' Association (OFCA) published an official position paper supporting the use of photoelectric technology in Ohioan residences. The OFCA's position states, \"\"In the interest of public safety and to protect the public from the deadly effects of smoke and fire, the Ohio Fire Chiefs' Association endorses the use of Photoelectric Smoke Alarms … In both new construction and when replacing old smoke alarms or purchasing new",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16862245",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\nthat commonly cause false alarms, so the two wavelengths of light are used together to detect smoke accurately. A reflective optical beam smoke detector incorporates a light transmitter and the detector on the same unit. The light path is created by reflecting light emitted from the transmitter off a retroreflector that is placed opposite the detector. A motorised optical beam smoke detector automatically aligns itself during installation and can compensate for alignment 'drift' i.e. where the optical path of the light beam changes over time Both end-to-end systems and reflective systems can be motorised. Early examples of optical beam smoke",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278150",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nthe need for external wiring. Ionization smoke detectors are usually cheaper to manufacture than optical detectors. They may be more prone to false alarms triggered by non-hazardous events than photoelectric detectors, and have been found to be much slower to respond to typical house fires. Americium-241 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 432.6 years. Alpha particle radiation, as opposed to beta (electron) and gamma (electromagnetic) radiation, is used for two additional reasons: alpha particles have high ionization, so sufficient air particles will be ionized for the current to exist, and they have low penetrative power, meaning they will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278172",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nThey typically generate a loud acoustic warning signal as their only action. Several detectors (whether standalone or interconnected) are normally used in the rooms of a dwelling. There are inexpensive smoke alarms that may be interconnected so that any detector that triggers sounds all alarms. They are powered by mains electricity, with disposable or rechargeable battery backup. They may be interconnected by wires, or wirelessly.They are required in new installations in some jurisdictions. Several smoke detection methods are used and documented in industry specifications published by Underwriters Laboratories. Alerting methods include: Some models have a hush or temporary silence feature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16862243",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\nwhen smoke falls within the path of the beam detector, some of the light is absorbed or scattered by the smoke particles. This creates a decrease in the received signal, leading to an increase in optical obscuration i.e. transmittance of light across the beam path. An end-to-end optical beam smoke detector is a system that has a separate light transmitter and receiver. They are used in applications where there is little available room to install a wide area detector – as the receiver is on a separate element each individual unit is quite small. The small size of the detector",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599327",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nand more accurately than a smoke or heat detector due to the mechanisms it uses to detect the flame. Ultraviolet (UV) detectors work by detecting the UV radiation emitted at the instant of ignition. While capable of detecting fires and explosions within 3–4 milliseconds, a time delay of 2–3 seconds is often included to minimize false alarms which can be triggered by other UV sources such as lightning, arc welding, radiation, and sunlight. UV detectors typically operate with wavelengths shorter than 300 nm to minimize the effects of natural background radiation. The solar blind UV wavelength band is also easily",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5536863",
"chunk_text": "\"Aspirating smoke detector\"\nAspirating smoke detector An aspirating smoke detector (ASD) is a system used in active fire protection, consisting of a central detection unit which draws air through a network of pipes to detect smoke. The sampling chamber is based on a nephelometer that detects the presence of smoke particles suspended in air by detecting the light scattered by them in the chamber. ASDs can typically detect smoke before it is visible to the naked eye. In most cases aspirating smoke detectors require a fan unit to draw in a sample of air from the protected area through its network of pipes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599328",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nblinded by oily contaminants. Near infrared (IR) array flame detectors (0.7 to 1.1 µm), also known as visual flame detectors, employ flame recognition technology to confirm fire by analyzing near IR radiation using a charge-coupled device (CCD). A near infrared (IR) sensor is especially able to monitor flame phenomena, without too much hindrance from water and water vapour. Pyroelectric sensors operating at this wavelength can be relatively cheap. Multiple channel or pixel array sensors monitoring flames in the near IR band are arguably the most reliable technologies available for detection of fires. Light emission from a fire forms an image",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830015",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\ncan be used to detect, and thus deter, smoking in areas where it is banned. Smoke detectors in large commercial, industrial, and residential buildings are usually powered by a central fire alarm system, which is powered by the building power with a battery backup. Domestic smoke detectors range from individual battery-powered units, to several interlinked mains-powered units with battery backup; with these interlinked units, if any unit detects smoke, all trigger even if household power has gone out. The risk of dying in a home fire is cut in half in homes with working smoke alarms. The US National Fire",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278177",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nFire Protection Association recommends that home-owners replace smoke detector batteries with a new battery at least once per year, when it starts chirping (a signal that the battery is low), or when it fails a test, which the NFPA recommends to be carried out at least once per month by pressing the \"\"test\"\" button on the alarm. A 2004 NIST report concluded that \"\"Smoke alarms of either the ionization type or the photoelectric type consistently provided time for occupants to escape from most residential fires,\"\" and, \"\"Consistent with prior findings, ionization type alarms provided somewhat better response to flaming fires",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "878486",
"chunk_text": "\"Heat detector\"\nHeat detector A heat detector is a fire alarm device designed to respond when the convected thermal energy of a fire increases the temperature of a heat sensitive element. The thermal mass and conductivity of the element regulate the rate flow of heat into the element. All heat detectors have this thermal lag. Heat detectors have two main classifications of operation, \"\"rate-of-rise\"\" and \"\"fixed temperature\"\". The heat detector is used to help in the reduction of damaged property. It is triggered when temperature increases. This is the most common type of heat detector. Fixed temperature detectors operate when the heat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16862246",
"chunk_text": "\"Optical beam smoke detector\"\ndetectors were prone to false alarms, which were caused by many different factors. Most commonly, the build-up of dust, dirt and other debris would lower the detection threshold for the detector, causing the system to enter alarm when no fire was present. Modern devices use automatic gain control as a means of adapting the signal for these effects. Building movement is another common problem, where movement of the building causes the optical beam smoke detector to lose alignment. Motorised beam detectors have partially addressed this issue, but it can still be problematic in certain installations. Optical beam smoke detector An",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2575339",
"chunk_text": "\"Aspirating smoke detector\"\naccommodate a broad range of environments and applications – from both confined and open spaces to the cleanest or dirtiest environment, including telecomm, control rooms, waste treatment, mining and more. Aspirating smoke detector An aspirating smoke detector (ASD) is a system used in active fire protection, consisting of a central detection unit which draws air through a network of pipes to detect smoke. The sampling chamber is based on a nephelometer that detects the presence of smoke particles suspended in air by detecting the light scattered by them in the chamber. ASDs can typically detect smoke before it is visible",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830016",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nProtection Association reports 0.53 deaths per 100 fires in homes with working smoke alarms compared to 1.18 deaths in homes without (2009–2013). Some homes do not have any smoke alarms, some alarms do not have working batteries; sometimes the alarm fails to detect the fire. The first automatic electric fire alarm was patented in 1890 by Francis Robbins Upton, an associate of Thomas Edison. George Andrew Darby patented the first European electrical heat detector in 1902 in Birmingham, England. In the late 1930s Swiss physicist Walter Jaeger tried to invent a sensor for poison gas. He expected that gas entering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599326",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nFlame detector A flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and respond to the presence of a flame or fire, allowing flame detection. Responses to a detected flame depend on the installation, but can include sounding an alarm, deactivating a fuel line (such as a propane or a natural gas line), and activating a fire suppression system. When used in applications such as industrial furnaces, their role is to provide confirmation that the furnace is working properly; in these cases they take no direct action beyond notifying the operator or control system. A flame detector can often respond faster",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1042000",
"chunk_text": "Smoke\nin many countries. Optical scattering. A light beam is passed through the smoke. A light detector is situated at an angle to the light source, typically at 90°, so that it receives only light reflected from passing particles. A measurement is made of the light received which will be higher as the concentration of smoke particles becomes higher. Optical obscuration. A light beam is passed through the smoke and a detector opposite measures the light. The more smoke particles are present between the two, the less light will be measured. Combined optical methods. There are various proprietary optical smoke measurement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5536865",
"chunk_text": "\"Aspirating smoke detector\"\noutput display. At the conclusion of several weeks of testing, it was discovered that there no commercially available fire detection technology suitable for preventing damage to telephone equipment. One technology that did show great promise however was the nephelometer itself. In 1979, Xtralis, then IEI Pty Ltd., produced and sold an air sampling device they called VESDA (Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus). The company redesigned the detector in 1982 to provide the reliability, features, size and reduced cost for export markets. ASD systems have gained popularity due to their ability to sense smoke long before a catastrophic incident. ASD design",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676311",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\ndevice capable of detecting combustible gases in mines. He also invented a cold cathode tube that could amplify the small signal generated by the detection mechanism to a strength sufficient to activate an alarm. Ionization smoke detectors were first sold in the United States in 1951; they were used only in major commercial and industrial facilities in the next several years due to their large size and cost. In 1955 simple home \"\"fire detectors\"\" for homes were developed, detecting high temperatures. The United States Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC) granted the first license to distribute smoke detectors using radioactive material in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599340",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nused extensively for monitoring flame presence in combustion heating systems and gas cookers. A common use in these installations is to cut off the supply of fuel if the flame fails, in order to prevent unburned fuel from accumulating. These sensors measure heat and therefore are commonly used to determine the \"\"absence\"\" of a flame. This can be used to verify the presence of a Pilot flame. UV/IR flame detectors are used in: A fire emits radiation, which human eye experiences as the visible yellow red flames and heat. In fact, during a fire, relatively sparsely UV energy and visible",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278173",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\nthat allows silencing, typically by pressing a button on the housing, without removing the battery. This is especially useful in locations where false alarms can be relatively common (e.g. near a kitchen), or users might remove the battery permanently to avoid the annoyance of false alarms, preventing the alarm from detecting a fire should one break out. While current technology is very effective at detecting smoke and fire conditions, the deaf and hard of hearing community has raised concerns about the effectiveness of the alerting function in awakening sleeping individuals in certain high-risk groups such as the elderly, those with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15830031",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\n\"\"Ionization smoke alarms may not operate in time to alert occupants early enough to escape from smouldering fires.\"\" In August 2008, the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF, with over 300,000 members in North America) passed a resolution recommending the use of photoelectric smoke alarms, saying that changing to photoelectric alarms, \"\"Will drastically reduce the loss of life among citizens and fire fighters.\"\" In May 2011, the Fire Protection Association of Australia's (FPAA) official position on smoke alarms stated, \"\"Fire Prevention Association Australia considers that all residential buildings should be fitted with photoelectric smoke alarms...\"\" In December 2011, the Volunteer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3278149",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\ncircuit detects that a current difference has developed between the open and sealed chambers, and sounds the alarm. The circuitry also monitors the battery used to supply or back up power, and sounds an intermittent warning when it nears exhaustion. A user-operated test button simulates an imbalance between the ionization chambers, and sounds the alarm if and only if power supply, electronics, and alarm device are functional. The current drawn by an ionization smoke detector is low enough for a small battery used as sole or backup power supply to be able to provide power for months or years without",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599333",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nto not see the fire. Visible light will, however be transmitted through the water vapour screen, as can easily been seen by the fact that a human can still see the flames through the water vapour screen. The usual response time of an IR detector is 3–5 seconds. MWIR infrared (IR) cameras can be used to detect heat and with particular algorithms can detect hot-spots within a scene as well as flames for both detection and prevention of fire and risks of fire. These cameras can be used in complete darkness and operate both inside and outside. These detectors are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20442438",
"chunk_text": "Nightlight\nsimilar lights are still available today. Some nightlights include a photocell, which enables them to switch off when the ambient light is sufficiently bright. Other designs also feature a built-in passive infrared sensor to detect motion, and only switch on when somebody is passing by in the dark. With the availability of low-cost LEDs, many different variants have become available, featuring different colours, sometimes changing automatically or in a user-controllable way. The US Consumer Product Safety Commission reports it receives about 10 reports per year where nightlights close to flammable materials were cited as responsible for fires; they recommend the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6065689",
"chunk_text": "\"Electric eye\"\nElectric eye An electric eye is a photodetector used for detecting obstruction of a light beam. An example is the door safety system used on garage door openers that use a light transmitter and receiver at the bottom of the door to prevent closing if there is any obstruction in the way that breaks the light beam. The device does not provide an image; only presence of light is detectable. Visible light may be used, but infrared radiation conceals the operation of the device and typically is used in modern systems. Originally, systems used lamps powered by direct current or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13599341",
"chunk_text": "\"Flame detector\"\nlight energy is emitted, as compared to the emission of Infrared radiation. A non-hydrocarbon fire, for example, one from hydrogen, does not show a CO peak on 4.3 µm because during the burning of hydrogen no CO is released. The 4.3 µm CO peak in the picture is exaggerated, and is in reality less than 2% of the total energy of the fire. A multi-frequency-detector with sensors for UV, visible light, near IR and/or wideband IR thus have much more \"\"sensor data\"\" to calculate with and therefore are able to detect more types of fires and to detect these types",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8676312",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoke detector\"\n1963. The first low-cost smoke detector for domestic use was developed by Duane D. Pearsall in 1965, an individual replaceable battery-powered unit that could be easily installed. The \"\"SmokeGard 700\"\" was a beehive-shaped, strong fire-resistant steel unit. The company began mass-producing these units in 1975. Studies in the 1960s determined that smoke detectors respond to fires much faster than heat detectors. The first single-station smoke detector was invented in 1970 and made public the next year. It was an ionization detector powered by a single 9-volt battery. They cost about US$125 and sold at a rate of a few hundred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4047172",
"chunk_text": "\"Infrared detector\"\nsemiconductors with narrow band gaps. Incident IR photons can cause electronic excitations. In photoconductive detectors, the resistivity of the detector element is monitored. Photovoltaic detectors contain a p-n junction on which photoelectric current appears upon illumination. A few detector materials: Infrared detector An infrared detector is a detector that reacts to infrared (IR) radiation. The two main types of detectors are thermal and photonic (photodetectors). The thermal effects of the incident IR radiation can be followed through many temperature dependent phenomena. Bolometers and microbolometers are based on changes in resistance. Thermocouples and thermopiles use the thermoelectric effect. Golay cells follow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14159741",
"chunk_text": "\"Fire extinguisher\"\nequipment (such as first aid kits). Most licensing authorities have regulations describing the standard appearance of these signs (e.g., text height, pictographs used and so on). Photoluminescent fire extinguisher signs are made with nontoxic photoluminescent phosphor that absorbs ambient light and releases it slowly in dark conditions – the sign \"\"glows in the dark\"\". Such signs are independent of an external power supply, and so offer a low-cost, reliable means of indicating the position of emergency equipment in dark or smoky conditions. The luminance performance for life safety appliance location signs should meet the requirements of International Standard ISO 17398",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_465
|
when did the romanticism period start and end?
|
n/a
|
[
"1780–1830"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15926302",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nRomanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical. It was partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific rationalization of nature—all components of modernity. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060391",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nperhaps a little later than some other critics. Others have proposed 1780–1830. In other fields and other countries the period denominated as Romantic can be considerably different; musical Romanticism, for example, is generally regarded as only having ceased as a major artistic force as late as 1910, but in an extreme extension the \"\"Four Last Songs\"\" of Richard Strauss are described stylistically as \"\"Late Romantic\"\" and were composed in 1946–48. However, in most fields the Romantic Period is said to be over by about 1850, or earlier. The early period of the Romantic Era was a time of war, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506778",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nor five years ago\"\". It is only from the 1820s that Romanticism certainly knew itself by its name, and in 1824 the Académie française took the wholly ineffective step of issuing a decree condemning it in literature. The period typically called Romantic varies greatly between different countries and different artistic media or areas of thought. Margaret Drabble described it in literature as taking place \"\"roughly between 1770 and 1848\"\", and few dates much earlier than 1770 will be found. In English literature, M. H. Abrams placed it between 1789, or 1798, this latter a very typical view, and about 1830,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14398507",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic literature in English\"\nRomantic literature in English Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century. Various dates are given for the Romantic period but here the publishing of William Wordsworth's \"\"Lyrical Ballads\"\" in 1798 is taken as the beginning, and the crowning of Queen Victoria in 1837 as its end. Romanticism arrived later in other parts of the English-speaking world, such as America. The Romantic period was one of major social change in England, because of the depopulation of the countryside and the rapid development of overcrowded industrial cities, that took place",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3503591",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nfocuses his interpretation on Slavic pagan and occult elements found in the drama. In his book \"\"Mickiewicz hermetyczny\"\" he writes about hermetic, theosophic and alchemical philosophy on the book as well as Masonic symbols. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanticism&action=submit Romanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5764260",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in Scotland\"\nimportant offshoots of Romanticism in New England, Transcendentalism, particularly in the writing of Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–82). In literature, Romanticism is often thought to have ended in the 1830s, with a few commentators, like Margaret Drabble, describing it as over by 1848. Romanticism continued much longer in some places and areas of endeavour, particularly in music, where it has been dated from 1820 to 1910. The death of Scott in 1832 has been seen as marking the end of the great romantic generation, and Scottish literature and culture in general lost some of its international prominence from this point. Scott's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2783302",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in Scotland\"\nto subside as a movement in the 1830s, but it continued to significantly affect areas such as music until the early twentieth century. It also had a lasting impact on the nature of Scottish identity and outside perceptions of Scotland. Romanticism was a complex artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the eighteenth century in western Europe, and gained strength during and after the Industrial and French Revolutions. It was partly a revolt against the political norms of the Age of Enlightenment which rationalised nature, and was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060392",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nthe French Revolution (1789–1799) followed by the Napoleonic Wars until 1815. These wars, along with the political and social turmoil that went along with them, served as the background for Romanticism. The key generation of French Romantics born between 1795–1805 had, in the words of one of their number, Alfred de Vigny, been \"\"conceived between battles, attended school to the rolling of drums\"\". According to Jacques Barzun, there were three generations of Romantic artists. The first emerged in the 1790s and 1800s, the second in the 1820s, and the third later in the century. The more precise characterization and specific",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506785",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nsee in it the inaugural moment of modernity, and some like Chateaubriand, Novalis and Samuel Taylor Coleridge see it as the beginning of a tradition of resistance to Enlightenment rationalism—a \"\"Counter-Enlightenment\"\"— to be associated most closely with German Romanticism. An earlier definition comes from Charles Baudelaire: \"\"Romanticism is precisely situated neither in choice of subject nor exact truth, but in the way of feeling.\"\" The end of the Romantic era is marked in some areas by a new style of Realism, which affected literature, especially the novel and drama, painting, and even music, through Verismo opera. This movement was led",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14398547",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic literature in English\"\nas obsession, the nature of evil, and human struggle against the elements. By the 1880s, however, psychological and social realism were competing with Romanticism in the novel. Romantic literature in English Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century. Various dates are given for the Romantic period but here the publishing of William Wordsworth's \"\"Lyrical Ballads\"\" in 1798 is taken as the beginning, and the crowning of Queen Victoria in 1837 as its end. Romanticism arrived later in other parts of the English-speaking world, such as America. The Romantic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "101535",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic poetry\"\nRomantic poetry Romantic poetry is the poetry of the Romantic era, an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century. It involved a reaction against prevailing Enlightenment ideas of the 18th century, and lasted from 1800 to 1850, approximately. In early 19th century England, the poet William Wordsworth defined his and Samuel Taylor Coleridge's innovative poetry in his Preface to \"\"Lyrical Ballads\"\" (1798):I have said before that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin in emotion recollected in tranquility: the emotion is contemplated till, by a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377281",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\ndefinition of Romanticism has been the subject of debate in the fields of intellectual history and literary history throughout the 20th century, without any great measure of consensus emerging. That it was part of the Counter-Enlightenment, a reaction against the Age of Enlightenment, is generally accepted in current scholarship. Its relationship to the French Revolution, which began in 1789 in the very early stages of the period, is clearly important, but highly variable depending on geography and individual reactions. Most Romantics can be said to be broadly progressive in their views, but a considerable number always had, or developed, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060472",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nSchool and various late-19th-century nationalist composers were not Romantics but \"\"moderns\"\" or \"\"realists\"\" (by analogy with the fields of painting and literature), and this schema remained prevalent through the first decades of the 20th century. By the second quarter of the 20th century, an awareness that radical changes in musical syntax had occurred during the early 1900s caused another shift in historical viewpoint, and the change of century came to be seen as marking a decisive break with the musical past. This in turn led historians such as Alfred Einstein to extend the musical \"\"Romantic Era\"\" throughout the 19th century",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506853",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nterm \"\"Romanticism\"\" when applied to music has come to imply the period roughly from 1800 until 1850, or else until around 1900, the contemporary application of \"\"romantic\"\" to music did not coincide with this modern interpretation. Indeed, one of the earliest sustained applications of the term to music occurs in 1789, in the \"\"Mémoires\"\" of André Grétry. This is of particular interest because it is a French source on a subject mainly dominated by Germans, but also because it explicitly acknowledges its debt to Jean-Jacques Rousseau (himself a composer, amongst other things) and, by so doing, establishes a link to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10643757",
"chunk_text": "\"German Romanticism\"\nGerman Romanticism German Romanticism was the dominant intellectual movement of German-speaking countries in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, influencing philosophy, aesthetics, literature and criticism. Compared to English Romanticism, the German variety developed relatively late, and, in the early years, coincided with Weimar Classicism (1772–1805). In contrast to the seriousness of English Romanticism, the German variety of Romanticism notably valued wit, humour, and beauty. The early period, roughly 1797 to 1802, is referred to as \"\"Frühromantik\"\" or Jena Romanticism. The philosophers and writers central to the movement were Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder (1773–1798), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775–1854), Friedrich Schleiermacher",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9371765",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic music\"\nRomantic music Romantic music is a period of Western classical music that began in the late 18th or early 19th century. It is related to Romanticism, the Western artistic and literary movement that arose in the second half of the 18th century, and Romantic music in particular dominated the Romantic movement in Germany. In the Romantic period, music became more explicitly expressive and programmatic, dealing with the literary, artistic, and philosophical themes of the time. Famous early Romantic composers include Beethoven (whose works span both this period and the preceding Classical period), Schubert, Schumann, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Bellini, and Berlioz. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377305",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nIn the later eighteenth century, many plays were written for and performed by small amateur companies and were not published and so most have been lost. Towards the end of the century there were \"\"closet dramas\"\", primarily designed to be read, rather than performed, including work by Scott, Hogg, Galt and Joanna Baillie (1762–1851), often influenced by the ballad tradition and Gothic Romanticism. Romanticism was relatively late in developing in French literature, more so than in the visual arts. The 18th-century precursor to Romanticism, the cult of sensibility, had become associated with the Ancien regime, and the French Revolution had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377286",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nby France, with Balzac and Flaubert in literature and Courbet in painting; Stendhal and Goya were important precursors of Realism in their respective media. However, Romantic styles, now often representing the established and safe style against which Realists rebelled, continued to flourish in many fields for the rest of the century and beyond. In music such works from after about 1850 are referred to by some writers as \"\"Late Romantic\"\" and by others as \"\"Neoromantic\"\" or \"\"Postromantic\"\", but other fields do not usually use these terms; in English literature and painting the convenient term \"\"Victorian\"\" avoids having to characterise the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377287",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nperiod further. In northern Europe, the Early Romantic visionary optimism and belief that the world was in the process of great change and improvement had largely vanished, and some art became more conventionally political and polemical as its creators engaged polemically with the world as it was. Elsewhere, including in very different ways the United States and Russia, feelings that great change was underway or just about to come were still possible. Displays of intense emotion in art remained prominent, as did the exotic and historical settings pioneered by the Romantics, but experimentation with form and technique was generally reduced,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7421009",
"chunk_text": "\"British literature\"\nend of the 18th century. Various dates are given for the Romantic period in British literature, but here the publishing of \"\"Lyrical Ballads\"\" in 1798 is taken as the beginning, and the crowning of Queen Victoria in 1837 as its end, even though, for example, William Wordsworth lived until 1850 and William Blake published before 1798. The writers of this period, however, \"\"did not think of themselves as 'Romantics'\"\", and the term was first used by critics of the Victorian period. The Romantic period was one of major social change in England, because of the depopulation of the countryside and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "875668",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic poetry\"\nrare is the scholar who braves ridicule to justify the art of Longfellow's popular rhymings.\"\" 20th-century poet Lewis Putnam Turco concluded \"\"Longfellow was minor and derivative in every way throughout his career [...] nothing more than a hack imitator of the English Romantics.\"\" <br> Romantic poetry Romantic poetry is the poetry of the Romantic era, an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century. It involved a reaction against prevailing Enlightenment ideas of the 18th century, and lasted from 1800 to 1850, approximately. In early 19th century England, the poet William",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060381",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nalso promoted the individual imagination as a critical authority allowed of freedom from classical notions of form in art. There was a strong recourse to historical and natural inevitability, a \"\"Zeitgeist\"\", in the representation of its ideas. In the second half of the 19th century, Realism was offered as a polar opposite to Romanticism. The decline of Romanticism during this time was associated with multiple processes, including social and political changes and the spread of nationalism. The nature of Romanticism may be approached from the primary importance of the free expression of the feelings of the artist. The importance the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060473",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nand into the first decade of the 20th. It has continued to be referred to as such in some of the standard music references such as \"\"The Oxford Companion to Music\"\" and Grout's \"\"History of Western Music\"\" but was not unchallenged. For example, the prominent German musicologist Friedrich Blume, the chief editor of the first edition of \"\"Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart\"\" (1949–86), accepted the earlier position that Classicism and Romanticism together constitute a single period beginning in the middle of the 18th century, but at the same time held that it continued into the 20th century, including such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377297",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nsatire \"\"Don Juan\"\". Unlike many Romantics, Byron's widely publicised personal life appeared to match his work, and his death at 36 in 1824 from disease when helping the Greek War of Independence appeared from a distance to be a suitably Romantic end, entrenching his legend. Keats in 1821 and Shelley in 1822 both died in Italy, Blake (at almost 70) in 1827, and Coleridge largely ceased to write in the 1820s. Wordsworth was by 1820 respectable and highly regarded, holding a government sinecure, but wrote relatively little. In the discussion of English literature, the Romantic period is often regarded as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10643759",
"chunk_text": "\"German Romanticism\"\nfor a model of unity in art and society. Key figures of German romanticism include: German Romanticism German Romanticism was the dominant intellectual movement of German-speaking countries in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, influencing philosophy, aesthetics, literature and criticism. Compared to English Romanticism, the German variety developed relatively late, and, in the early years, coincided with Weimar Classicism (1772–1805). In contrast to the seriousness of English Romanticism, the German variety of Romanticism notably valued wit, humour, and beauty. The early period, roughly 1797 to 1802, is referred to as \"\"Frühromantik\"\" or Jena Romanticism. The philosophers and writers central",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3503507",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nPercy Bysshe Shelley, and the much older William Blake, followed later by the isolated figure of John Clare; also such novelists as Walter Scott from Scotland and Mary Shelley, and the essayists William Hazlitt and Charles Lamb. The publication in 1798 of \"\"Lyrical Ballads\"\", with many of the finest poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge, is often held to mark the start of the movement. The majority of the poems were by Wordsworth, and many dealt with the lives of the poor in his native Lake District, or his feelings about nature—which he more fully developed in his long poem \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "101546",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic poetry\"\nhe and Friedrich Schiller ended their period of association with it by initiating what would become Weimar Classicism. Jena Romanticism – also the Jena Romantics or Early Romanticism (Frühromantik)) – is the first phase of Romanticism in German literature represented by the work of a group centred in Jena from about 1798 to 1804. Heidelberg was the centre of the epoch of \"\"Romantik\"\" (Romanticism) in Germany. The phase after Jena Romanticism is often called Heidelberg Romanticism (see also Berlin Romanticism). There was a famous circle of poets, the Heidelberg Romantics, such as Joseph von Eichendorff, Johann Joseph von Görres, Ludwig",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506769",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\ncharacteristic (as in the musical impromptu). In contrast to the Rationalism and Classicism of the Enlightenment, Romanticism revived medievalism and elements of art and narrative perceived as authentically medieval in an attempt to escape population growth, early urban sprawl, and industrialism. Although the movement was rooted in the German \"\"Sturm und Drang\"\" movement, which preferred intuition and emotion to the rationalism of the Enlightenment, the events and ideologies of the French Revolution were also proximate factors. Romanticism assigned a high value to the achievements of \"\"heroic\"\" individualists and artists, whose examples, it maintained, would raise the quality of society. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506821",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nprecursors to those who galvanized the literary movement that emerged in the 1920s. This notion is the subject of debate for there are authors who stress that Spain's romanticism is one of the earliest in Europe, while some assert that Spain really had no period of literary romanticism. This controversy underscores a certain uniqueness to Spanish romanticism in comparison to its European counterparts. Romanticism began in Portugal with the publication of the poem \"\"Camões\"\" (1825), by Almeida Garrett, who was raised by his uncle D. Alexandre, bishop of Angra, in the precepts of Neoclassicism, which can be observed in his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9377299",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\n\"\"Wuthering Heights\"\", both published in 1847, which also introduced more gothic themes. While these two novels were written and published after the Romantic period is said to have ended, their novels were heavily influenced by Romantic literature they'd read as children. Byron, Keats and Shelley all wrote for the stage, but with little success in England, with Shelley's \"\"The Cenci\"\" perhaps the best work produced, though that was not played in a public theatre in England until a century after his death. Byron's plays, along with dramatizations of his poems and Scott's novels, were much more popular on the Continent,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9466786",
"chunk_text": "Neo-romanticism\nNeo-romanticism The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in philosophy, literature, music, painting, and architecture, as well as social movements, that exist after and incorporate elements from the era of Romanticism. It has been used with reference to late-19th-century composers such as Richard Wagner particularly by Carl Dahlhaus who describes his music as \"\"a late flowering of romanticism in a positivist age\"\". He regards it as synonymous with \"\"the age of Wagner\"\", from about 1850 until 1890—the start of the era of modernism, whose leading early representatives were Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler . It has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506775",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\ngoals.\"\" The group of words with the root \"\"Roman\"\" in the various European languages, such as \"\"romance\"\" and \"\"Romanesque\"\", has a complicated history, but by the middle of the 18th century \"\"romantic\"\" in English and \"\"romantique\"\" in French were both in common use as adjectives of praise for natural phenomena such as views and sunsets, in a sense close to modern English usage but without the amorous connotation. The application of the term to literature first became common in Germany, where the circle around the Schlegel brothers, critics August and Friedrich, began to speak of \"\"romantische Poesie\"\" (\"\"romantic poetry\"\") in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12810329",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism and the French Revolution\"\nRomanticism and the French Revolution Romanticism originated in the 2nd half of the 18th century at the same time as the French Revolution. Romanticism continued to grow in reaction to the effects of the social transformation caused by the Revolution. There are many signs of these effects of the French Revolution in various pieces of Romantic literature. By examining the influence of the French Revolution, one can determine that Romanticism arose as a reaction to the French Revolution. Instead of searching for rules governing nature and human beings, the romantics searched for a direct communication with nature and treated humans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4025405",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in Spanish literature\"\nthe values and customs of the past, contributed to the decadence of the Romantic movement and the rise of Realism, as it became bourgeois and turned into a style of description. The Romantic period encompasses the first half of the 19th century, a time of high political tension. The conservatives defended their privileges, but the liberals and progressives fought to supplant them. This opened the way for the laity and Freemasonry to enjoy great influence. Traditional Catholic thought defended itself against the freethinkers and the followers of the German philosopher Karl C. F. Krause. The working class unleashed protest movements",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506782",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nwide range of conservative views, and nationalism was in many countries strongly associated with Romanticism, as discussed in detail below. In philosophy and the history of ideas, Romanticism was seen by Isaiah Berlin as disrupting for over a century the classic Western traditions of rationality and the idea of moral absolutes and agreed values, leading \"\"to something like the melting away of the very notion of objective truth\"\", and hence not only to nationalism, but also fascism and totalitarianism, with a gradual recovery coming only after World War II. For the Romantics, Berlin says, in the realm of ethics, politics,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3503573",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\ntoward the end of the 19th century that the newly emergent discipline of \"\"Musikwissenschaft\"\" (musicology)—itself a product of the historicizing proclivity of the age—attempted a more scientific periodization of music history, and a distinction between Viennese Classical and Romantic periods was proposed. The key figure in this trend was Guido Adler, who viewed Beethoven and Franz Schubert as transitional but essentially Classical composers, with Romanticism achieving full maturity only in the post-Beethoven generation of Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann, Berlioz, and Franz Liszt. From Adler's viewpoint, found in books like \"\"Der Stil in der Musik\"\" (1911), composers of the New German",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14398508",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic literature in English\"\nin the period roughly between 1798 and 1832. The movement of so many people in England was the result of two forces: the Agricultural Revolution, that involved the enclosure of the land, drove workers off the land, and the Industrial Revolution which provided them employment, \"\"in the factories and mills, operated by machines driven by steam-power\"\". Indeed, Romanticism may be seen in part as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, though it was also a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, as well as a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. The French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19885170",
"chunk_text": "\"19th century\"\nthe 19th century was referred to as being in the Romantic style. Many great composers lived through this era such as Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Richard Wagner. The list includes: The 19th century was host to a variety of religious and philosophical thinkers, including: 19th century The 19th (nineteenth) century was a century that began on January 1, 1801, and ended on December 31, 1900. It is often used interchangeably with the 1800s, though the start and end dates differ by a year. The 19th century saw large amounts of social change; slavery",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2783299",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in Scotland\"\nRomanticism in Scotland Romanticism in Scotland was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that developed between the late eighteenth and the early nineteenth centuries. It was part of the wider European Romantic movement, which was partly a reaction against the Age of Enlightenment, emphasising individual, national and emotional responses, moving beyond Renaissance and Classicist models, particularly to the Middle Ages. In the arts, Romanticism manifested itself in literature and drama in the adoption of the mythical bard Ossian, the exploration of national poetry in the work of Robert Burns and in the historical novels of Walter Scott. Scott also had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3495894",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic music\"\ncreate even more complex – and often much longer – musical works. A prominent mark of late-19th-century music is its nationalistic fervor, as exemplified by such figures as Dvořák, Sibelius, and Grieg. Other prominent late-century figures include Saint-Saëns, Fauré, Rachmaninoff and Franck. The Romantic movement was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe and strengthened in reaction to the Industrial Revolution . In part, it was a revolt against social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature . It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "875653",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic poetry\"\n\"\"symbolism\"\", and the so-called fin de siècle \"\"decadent\"\" movement. German Romanticism was the dominant intellectual movement in the philosophy, the arts, and the culture of German-speaking countries in the late-18th and early 19th centuries. Compared to English Romanticism, German Romanticism developed relatively late, and, in the early years, coincided with Weimar Classicism (1772–1805); in contrast to the seriousness of English Romanticism, the German variety of Romanticism notably valued wit, humour, and beauty. Sturm und Drang, literally \"\"Storm and Drive\"\", \"\"Storm and Urge\"\", though conventionally translated as \"\"Storm and Stress\"\") is a proto-Romantic movement in German literature and music that took",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10383964",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in Poland\"\nRomanticism in Poland Romanticism in Poland, a literary, artistic and intellectual period in the evolution of Polish culture, began around 1820, coinciding with the publication of Adam Mickiewicz's first poems in 1822. It ended with the suppression of the Polish-Lithuanian January 1863 Uprising against the Russian Empire in 1864. The latter event ushered in a new era in Polish culture known as \"\"Positivism\"\". Polish Romanticism, unlike Romanticism in some other parts of Europe, was not limited to literary and artistic concerns. Due to specific Polish historical circumstances, notably the partitions of Poland, it was also an ideological, philosophical and political",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060402",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nfrom the Petrarchist fashion of the time based on the philosophy of love. The precursors of Romanticism in English poetry go back to the middle of the 18th century, including figures such as Joseph Warton (headmaster at Winchester College) and his brother Thomas Warton, Professor of Poetry at Oxford University. Joseph maintained that invention and imagination were the chief qualities of a poet. Thomas Chatterton is generally considered the first Romantic poet in English. The Scottish poet James Macpherson influenced the early development of Romanticism with the international success of his Ossian cycle of poems published in 1762, inspiring both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13089201",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish poetry\"\nand England were the large forces in this movement. Over the course of the late 18th century to the late 19th century, Romanticism spread philosophy and art through Western societies of the world. The earlier part of this movement overlapped with the Age of Revolutions. The idea of the creative imagination was rising above the idea of reason. Minute elements of nature, such as bugs and pebbles, were considered divine. There were many variations of the perception of nature in these works. Instead of allegory, this era moved towards myths and symbols. The power of human emotion emerged during this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19285053",
"chunk_text": "Post-romanticism\nPost-romanticism Post-romanticism or Postromanticism refers to a range of cultural endeavors and attitudes emerging in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, after the period of Romanticism. Herman Melville and Thomas Carlyle are post-Romantic writers. Flaubert's \"\"Madame Bovary\"\" is a post-Romantic novel. The period of post-romanticism in poetry is defined as the late nineteenth century, but includes the poetry of Letitia Elizabeth Landon and Tennyson. Post-romanticism in music referred to Romantic composers who would use forms that were found typically in the Classical and Baroque while still retaining aspects of the Romantic era. Among the most well known post-Romantic composers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19248331",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in evolution theory\"\nRomanticism in evolution theory Romanticism was an intellectual movement that arose in the late eighteenth century and continued through the nineteenth century. The movement had roots in the arts, literature, and science. Largely conceived as a reaction towards the extreme rationalism of the Enlightenment, it championed expressing emotions through aesthetic and emphasizing the transcendent allure of the natural world. There has been significant work done by historians about how romanticism played a significant role in the development of modern theories of evolution. Most notable is the work done by Robert J. Richards, a professor at the University of Chicago. Richards,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9371775",
"chunk_text": "\"Romantic music\"\neight nationalist operas, all of which remain in the repertory. They established him as the first Czech nationalist composer as well as the most important Czech opera composer of the generation who came to prominence in the 1860s . Romantic music Romantic music is a period of Western classical music that began in the late 18th or early 19th century. It is related to Romanticism, the Western artistic and literary movement that arose in the second half of the 18th century, and Romantic music in particular dominated the Romantic movement in Germany. In the Romantic period, music became more explicitly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506776",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nthe 1790s, contrasting it with \"\"classic\"\" but in terms of spirit rather than merely dating. Friedrich Schlegel wrote in his \"\"Dialogue on Poetry\"\" (1800), \"\"I seek and find the romantic among the older moderns, in Shakespeare, in Cervantes, in Italian poetry, in that age of chivalry, love and fable, from which the phenomenon and the word itself are derived.\"\" In both French and German the closeness of the adjective to \"\"roman\"\", meaning the fairly new literary form of the novel, had some effect on the sense of the word in those languages. The use of the word, invented by Friedrich",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3298395",
"chunk_text": "\"Romanticism in science\"\nabout 1880. As with the intellectuals who earlier had become disenchanted with the Enlightenment and had sought a new approach to science, people now lost interest in Romanticism and sought to study science using a stricter process. As the Enlightenment had a firm hold in France during the last decades of the 18th century, so the Romantic view on science was a movement that flourished in Great Britain and especially Germany in the first half of the 19th century. Both sought to increase individual and cultural self-understanding by recognizing the limits in human knowledge through the study of nature and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11506836",
"chunk_text": "Romanticism\nthan ever seen in neoclassical literature. America's preoccupation with freedom became a great source of motivation for Romantic writers as many were delighted in free expression and emotion without so much fear of ridicule and controversy. They also put more effort into the psychological development of their characters, and the main characters typically displayed extremes of sensitivity and excitement. The works of the Romantic Era also differed from preceding works in that they spoke to a wider audience, partly reflecting the greater distribution of books as costs came down during the period. In the visual arts, Romanticism first showed itself",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_466
|
who sings ive loved you for a thousand years?
|
n/a
|
[
"Christina Perri"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11724455",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)\"\nA Thousand Years (Christina Perri song) \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Christina Perri, and written by Perri and David Hodges, from the album \"\"\"\" (2011). The song was released as a digital download on October 18, 2011 worldwide, and serves as the second single from the album. Perri re-recorded the song with vocals from Steve Kazee for \"\"\"\" titled \"\"\"\". \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" is originally in the key of B major, with a tempo of 55 beats per minute based around a chord progression of B–F/A–Gm–F–E-F and with a vocal range of F",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2359903",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)\"\n11. A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song) \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Christina Perri, and written by Perri and David Hodges, from the album \"\"\"\" (2011). The song was released as a digital download on October 18, 2011 worldwide, and serves as the second single from the album. Perri re-recorded the song with vocals from Steve Kazee for \"\"\"\" titled \"\"\"\". \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" is originally in the key of B major, with a tempo of 55 beats per minute based around a chord progression of B–F/A–Gm–F–E-F and with a vocal range of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15344603",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)\"\nmay include the voices from Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson saying they love each other while in a wedding and also they can be heard in the background before the bridge. Perri ends the video singing into a sunset. It has over 1.1 billion views and 6.9 million likes on YouTube. On the week of October 23, 2011, the song debuted at number 63 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, and number 70 on Canadian Hot 100. It eventually reached a peak at number 31 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, giving Perri her second top 40 hit. By July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8723410",
"chunk_text": "\"1000 Years of Popular Music\"\ntrack list cover a roughly thousand-year period, 1068–2001, starting with \"\"Sumer Is Icumen In\"\". The most recent song included on the album is Britney Spears' hit \"\"Oops!... I Did It Again\"\". The songs, arranged for play on a single guitar, are played by Thompson, vocalist Judith Owen, and percussionist Michael Jerome, when needed. A DVD with the same name was released in 2006. This was recorded sometime later during a different tour, has a slightly different track listing and features Debra Dobkin replacing Michael Jerome on percussion and vocals. 1000 Years of Popular Music 1000 Years of Popular Music is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1583508",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)\"\nto C. The song was written about the love affair between the characters Edward and Bella from \"\"The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1\"\". An official lyric video of the song was premiered on October 17, 2011 via Perri's official Facebook and Twitter pages as well as her official website. On October 26, 2011, she released an official video for the song on her YouTube channel. The video begins with Perri holding a candle. It features a few clips from the movie interspersed between scenes with Perri singing in a room with a floor full of candles. The video",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9273603",
"chunk_text": "\"For a Thousand Years\"\nFor a Thousand Years \"\"For A Thousand Years\"\" was the Slovene entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 1999, sung by Darja Švajger and performed in English, the first time a Slovenian entry was performed in English The song performed sixth on the night, following the United Kingdom's Precious with \"\"Say It Again\"\" and preceding Turkey's Tuğba Önal and \"\"Dön artık\"\". At the close of voting, it had received 50 points, placing eleventh in a field of twenty three. It was succeeded as Slovene representative at the 2001 contest, after missing the 2000 contest due to low average figures over the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "854362",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Lifetimes\"\nA Thousand Lifetimes A Thousand Lifetimes is the debut studio album by Australian singer-songwriter, Joe Moore. It was released by Universal Music Australia on 6 November 2015 and debuted at number 5 on the ARIA chart. Andy Mak (who has previously worked with Tina Arena, Boy & Bear and Bertie Blackman) produced the album. In 2012, Moore auditioned for series six of \"\"Australia's Got Talent\"\" and came fourth. After \"\"Australia's Got Talent\"\", Moore continued busking in Sydney's Pitt Street Mall, which he had begun doing in 2008 and writing his own material. He recorded and independently released his debut extended",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5647087",
"chunk_text": "\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\nRoom a Thousand Years Wide \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" is a song by the American rock band Soundgarden. Featuring lyrics written by guitarist Kim Thayil and music written by drummer Matt Cameron, \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" was released as a single in 1990 through Sub Pop. A re-recorded version later appeared on the band's third studio album, \"\"Badmotorfinger\"\" (1991). \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" is one of the few Soundgarden songs written without any input from frontman Chris Cornell. The song features lyrics written by guitarist Kim Thayil and music written by drummer Matt Cameron. It was also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15946970",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Miles\"\nwas most successful, the top five in Ireland, and the top ten in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and the Netherlands. The song has been covered by numerous artists, including Icarus the Owl, Victoria Justice, David Archuleta, and the \"\"Glee\"\" Cast. It has also been sampled by T.I. and Cheryl Cole. \"\"A Thousand Miles\"\" is a piano-driven pop song supported by a string orchestral arrangement. Carlton says that the song is about 'lost love', but has not said exactly whom the song may be about. She has also called the song \"\"a combination of reality and fantasy. It's about a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4212175",
"chunk_text": "\"One Million Years\"\nOne Million Years \"\"One Million Years\"\" is a single released by Robin Gibb in 1969 with the B-side \"\"Weekend\"\". The single did not chart in Britain. Recorded during sessions for \"\"Robin's Reign\"\" it was only included on the German LP and CD version as the last track. Produced by Gibb with his new manager Vic Lewis. Kenny Clayton conducts the orchestra for this song. It reached #5 in Germany and #8 in Austria. The song only features a guitar and orchestra. Gibb sings an Italian language of \"\"One Million Years\"\", the name was changed to \"\"Un Million de Ani\"\", but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1273474",
"chunk_text": "\"A Million Love Songs\"\nA Million Love Songs \"\"A Million Love Songs\"\" is the penultimate single released by English boy band Take That from their debut studio album, \"\"Take That & Party\"\". It was written by lead vocalist Gary Barlow. It was released in the United Kingdom on 5 October 1992 and peaked at number 7 on the UK Singles Chart. Written by lead vocalist Gary Barlow at the age of 15, it was released as the sixth single from the band's debut studio album, \"\"Take That & Party\"\", peaking at number 7 in the UK Singles Chart. The two primary instruments are piano,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9978158",
"chunk_text": "\"Park Wan-kyu\"\nhis wife. Others include 2014's \"\"Wind Breeze\"\" for \"\"Empress Ki\"\", and a rock ballad \"\"Stop Time\"\" in April 2016 for \"\"The Royal Gambler\"\". In September 2011, in an appearance on tvN's show \"\"Love Song\"\" he talked about his divorce, and expressed an apology to his ex-wife and children. Park Wan-kyu Park Wan-kyu (; born December 1, 1973) is a South Korean singer. He was a lead vocalist of the band Boohwal, and left them to release his first solo album, with the title track that became his signature song, \"\"Thousand Years of Love\"\" in 1999. He has recorded many soundtracks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19760083",
"chunk_text": "\"Christina Perri\"\nChristina Perri Christina Judith Perri (born August 19, 1986) is an American singer and songwriter from Bucks County, Pennsylvania. After her debut single \"\"Jar of Hearts\"\" was featured on the television series \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\" in 2010, Perri signed with Atlantic Records and released her debut extended play, \"\"The Ocean Way Sessions\"\". Her debut studio album, \"\"Lovestrong\"\" (2011), followed soon after and has since been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Perri also gained recognition for writing and recording \"\"A Thousand Years\"\", the love theme for the film \"\"\"\" (2012), which appears on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1583510",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)\"\n2013, the song has sold over three million digital downloads in the US. As of June 2014, the song has sold 3,657,000 copies in the US. On August 3, 2018, the single was certified seven times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for selling seven million digital copies in the United States. In the United Kingdom, the song reached number 32 on its original release in 2011. The following year, after the release of \"\"\"\", it peaked at number 13. In 2013, after it was performed on \"\"The X Factor\"\" (UK), it reached a new peak of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13091017",
"chunk_text": "\"Vera Lynn\"\nand the US and recording such hits as \"\"Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart\"\" and her UK Number one single \"\"My Son, My Son\"\". Her last single, \"\"I Love This Land\"\", was released to mark the end of the Falklands War. In 2009, at age 92, she became the oldest living artist to top the UK Albums Chart, with compilation album \"\"\"\". She released the compilation album \"\"Vera Lynn 100\"\" in 2017, to commemorate her centennial year, and it was a number 3 hit, making her the oldest recording artist in the world and first centenarian performer to have an album in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9273604",
"chunk_text": "\"For a Thousand Years\"\nprevious five years, by Nuša Derenda with \"\"Energy\"\". A Slovene version of the song was performed by Švajger at EMA, the Slovene selection for Eurovision, titled \"\"Še tisoč let\"\" (\"\"Another thousand years\"\"). For a Thousand Years \"\"For A Thousand Years\"\" was the Slovene entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 1999, sung by Darja Švajger and performed in English, the first time a Slovenian entry was performed in English The song performed sixth on the night, following the United Kingdom's Precious with \"\"Say It Again\"\" and preceding Turkey's Tuğba Önal and \"\"Dön artık\"\". At the close of voting, it had received",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1188727",
"chunk_text": "\"100 Years (song)\"\n100 Years (song) \"\"100 Years\"\" is a song by American singer Five for Fighting. It was released in November 2003 as the first single from the album \"\"The Battle for Everything\"\". The song's melody is borrowed from \"\"Plainsong\"\" by The Cure, originally released in 1989. The single reached number one on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary chart and number 28 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. In 2007 the song earned a Platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America for more than 1,000,000 copies sold. It also reached the top 40 in Australia and New Zealand, peaking at number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15946969",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Miles\"\nA Thousand Miles \"\"A Thousand Miles\"\" (originally titled \"\"Interlude\"\") is the debut single written and recorded by American pop singer Vanessa Carlton. Produced by Curtis Schweitzer and Ron Fair, the song was released as the lead single for Carlton's album \"\"Be Not Nobody\"\" (2002). Her signature song, it became Carlton's breakthrough hit and one of the most popular songs of the year. To date, it remains Carlton's biggest hit in the United States, and her only single to reach the top ten of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The song had widespread success worldwide, reaching number one in Australia, where it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7027255",
"chunk_text": "\"Luther Dixon\"\nvideo game \"\"\"\". Dixon's song \"\"Never Let Me Go\"\" was performed by Jane Monheit in the film adaptation of Kazuo Ishiguro's novel with same title. Dixon was nominated for the Songwriters Hall of Fame one week before he died. Dixon was married to soul singer Inez Foxx, with whom he co-wrote \"\"I Love You 1000 Times\"\". They later divorced. Dixon died in his hometown of Jacksonville, Florida. Luther Dixon Luther Dixon (August 7, 1931 – October 22, 2009) was an American songwriter, record producer, and singer. Dixon's songs achieved their greatest success in the 1950s and 1960s, and were recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16646894",
"chunk_text": "\"Love for a Thousand More\"\nLove for a Thousand More Love for a Thousand More () is a South Korea web series starring Kang Seung-yoon and Hwang Seung-eon. The drama is aired every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 11:00 (KST) starting from December 5, 2016 till December 23, 2016 on Naver TV Cast (South Korea), YG Entertainment's YouTube Channel (International) and Miaopai (China). Story about a 1,000-year-old woman named Pyeon Mi-jo (Hwang Seung-eon), who became immortal after she met a certain unidentified man. She has been offering her love counseling services to people based on her experiences over the past 1,000 years, until she finds",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2092816",
"chunk_text": "\"Carrie Jacobs-Bond\"\nCarrie Jacobs-Bond Carrie Minetta Jacobs-Bond (August 11, 1862 – December 28, 1946) was an American singer, pianist, and songwriter who composed some 175 pieces of popular music from the 1890s through the early 1940s. She is perhaps best remembered for writing the parlor song \"\"I Love You Truly\"\", becoming the first woman to sell one million copies of a song. The song first appeared in her 1901 collection \"\"Seven Songs as Unpretentious as the Wild Rose\"\", along with \"\"Just Awearyin' for You\"\", which was also widely recorded. Jacobs-Bond's song with the highest number of sales immediately after release was \"\"A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "854365",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Lifetimes\"\n‘’The Voice’’. Joe performed songs from the album in Pitt Street Mall, Sydney on 7 November. and \"\"Invincible\"\" on \"\"Today\"\" on 9 November A Thousand Lifetimes A Thousand Lifetimes is the debut studio album by Australian singer-songwriter, Joe Moore. It was released by Universal Music Australia on 6 November 2015 and debuted at number 5 on the ARIA chart. Andy Mak (who has previously worked with Tina Arena, Boy & Bear and Bertie Blackman) produced the album. In 2012, Moore auditioned for series six of \"\"Australia's Got Talent\"\" and came fourth. After \"\"Australia's Got Talent\"\", Moore continued busking in Sydney's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371463",
"chunk_text": "\"1,000 Years\"\nthe same wild energy as Sleater-Kinney's music. Kivel also compared the sound of \"\"Thrift Store Coats\"\" to that of the Fiery Furnaces, and described \"\"Dragon\"\" as \"\"dramatic\"\" while noting that it was dominated by cello. As of August 2012, \"\"1,000 Years\"\" had sold about 8,000 copies. 1,000 Years 1,000 Years is the first album by The Corin Tucker Band, released on October 5, 2010, and the first album Tucker released since Sleater-Kinney went on \"\"hiatus\"\" in 2006. She recorded the album along with Seth Lorinczi and Julianna Bright of both Golden Bears and Circus Lupus, as well as Sara Lund",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14225169",
"chunk_text": "\"Thousand Hours\"\n'Light Me Up' is rocking my world. So impressed by the production, Paul's emotion, and the writing. I would never have thunk I'd be so into something that doesn't have a banjo. :) \"\" - NPR contributor Stephanie Coleman \"\"I really like the songs and think he's a great writer\"\" - David Ryan Jordan (ASCAP UK/Europe) \"\"Fantastic set by Thousand Hours at The Bedford.\"\" - Emily Mann, fan Thousand Hours Thousand Hours is a London, UK-based electromantic blue-eyed soul music project featuring Paul Mansford. Paul is a multifaceted singer, instrumentalist and songwriter whose energetic yet emotive performances employ live and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10560502",
"chunk_text": "\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\non the \"\"Motorvision\"\" home video release. Room a Thousand Years Wide \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" is a song by the American rock band Soundgarden. Featuring lyrics written by guitarist Kim Thayil and music written by drummer Matt Cameron, \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" was released as a single in 1990 through Sub Pop. A re-recorded version later appeared on the band's third studio album, \"\"Badmotorfinger\"\" (1991). \"\"Room a Thousand Years Wide\"\" is one of the few Soundgarden songs written without any input from frontman Chris Cornell. The song features lyrics written by guitarist Kim Thayil and music written by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18521703",
"chunk_text": "\"Chad Copelin\"\nCopelin began to garner attention from a diverse mix of musicians and has since gone on to engineer music for pop artists Christina Perri, Avril Lavigne, Train, Kelly Clarkson, and Third Eye Blind, as well as produce and engineer indie artists such as Sufjan Stevens, Ben Rector, Ivan & Alyosha, Bronze Radio Return, Emily Hearn, BRONCHO, and Other Lives, among others. In 2011 Copelin worked on Christina Perri's Top 40 song \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" that went on to receive six platinum records. Copelin's most recent projects include engineering Sufjan Steven's album, \"\"Carrie and Lowell\"\", along with recording and producing Broncho's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8189732",
"chunk_text": "\"Hamilton Leithauser\"\nRostam with Rostam Batmanglij, formerly of Vampire Weekend. They released the single \"\"A 1000 Times\"\" in July 2016, which they performed on \"\"The Late Show with Stephen Colbert\"\" on September 12, 2016. Their song \"\"In a Blackout\"\" was featured in the commercial for the Apple iPhone 7. Their debut album, \"\"I Had a Dream That You Were Mine\"\", was released on September 23, 2016. Solo albums EPs Leithauser is married with two children. Hamilton Leithauser Hamilton Leithauser (born April 15, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He is best known as the former lead vocalist of the American",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10447018",
"chunk_text": "\"Baby I Love U!\"\nBaby I Love U! \"\"Baby I Love U!\"\" (stylized as \"\"Baby I ♡ U!\"\") is a song recorded by American singer Jennifer Lopez for her third studio album, \"\"This Is Me... Then\"\" (2002). It was written by Lopez, Cory Rooney, Dan Shea and John Barry and produced by Rooney and Shea. The song contains an interpolation of the theme for the film \"\"Midnight Cowboy\"\" (1969). \"\"Baby I Love U\"\" is an R&B ballad about unconditional love, with critics pointing out that it was inspired by her relationship with the actor Ben Affleck. The song was well received by critics who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15392912",
"chunk_text": "\"1,000 Years\"\n1,000 Years 1,000 Years is the first album by The Corin Tucker Band, released on October 5, 2010, and the first album Tucker released since Sleater-Kinney went on \"\"hiatus\"\" in 2006. She recorded the album along with Seth Lorinczi and Julianna Bright of both Golden Bears and Circus Lupus, as well as Sara Lund of Hungry Ghost and Unwound. Lorinzci was also the album's producer. The only single released from \"\"1,000 Years\"\" was \"\"Doubt\"\". The album received generally positive reviews from critics, many of whom noted that the album was stylistically much more muted and intimate than her work with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19932483",
"chunk_text": "\"Love Me (Justin Bieber song)\"\nLove Me (Justin Bieber song) \"\"Love Me\"\" is a song by Canadian recording artist, Justin Bieber. The track was written by Bruno Mars, Ari Levine, and Philip Lawrence, and produced by DJ Frank E. It was released exclusively to iTunes as the first promotional single from his debut studio release, \"\"My World\"\", on October 26, 2009. An electropop song which also contains dance-pop and R&B music, the chorus interpolates the 1996 single \"\"Lovefool\"\" by the Swedish band The Cardigans. \"\"Love Me\"\" was one of the most well received tracks on the album, with critics complimenting its electro and club feel,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12559968",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Loves Me\"\nGirl Loves Me \"\"Girl Loves Me\"\" is a song by English musician David Bowie. It is the fifth track on Bowie's twenty-fifth and final studio album, \"\"★\"\", released on 8 January 2016. The track was written by Bowie and produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti. \"\"Girl Loves Me\"\" peaked at number 87 on the Dutch Top 100 and number 146 on the UK Singles Chart. \"\"Girl Loves Me\"\" is notable for its usage of Polari and Nadsat in its lyrics, the latter of which is a fictional language created by Anthony Burgess which was used very often in his 1962",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5822653",
"chunk_text": "\"Carrie Jacobs-Bond\"\nMelody: My Story\"\". New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1927. 224 pp. Carrie Jacobs-Bond Carrie Minetta Jacobs-Bond (August 11, 1862 – December 28, 1946) was an American singer, pianist, and songwriter who composed some 175 pieces of popular music from the 1890s through the early 1940s. She is perhaps best remembered for writing the parlor song \"\"I Love You Truly\"\", becoming the first woman to sell one million copies of a song. The song first appeared in her 1901 collection \"\"Seven Songs as Unpretentious as the Wild Rose\"\", along with \"\"Just Awearyin' for You\"\", which was also widely recorded. Jacobs-Bond's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19626198",
"chunk_text": "\"My Eyes Adored You\"\nMy Eyes Adored You \"\"My Eyes Adored You\"\" is a 1974 song written by Bob Crewe and Kenny Nolan. It was originally recorded by The Four Seasons in early 1974. After the Motown label balked at the idea of releasing it, the recording was sold to lead singer Frankie Valli for $4000. After rejections by Capitol and Atlantic Records, Valli succeeded in getting the recording released on Private Stock Records, but the owner/founder of the label wanted only Valli's name on the label. The single was released in the US in November 1974 and topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1986526",
"chunk_text": "\"Millennium of Love\"\nMillennium of Love \"\"Millennium of Love\"\" was the Irish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000, performed in English by Eamonn Toal. The song is a dramatic ballad, inspired by the coming of the new Millennium (arguments about the start of this period aside). Eamonn sings about the negative aspects of the modern world, but expresses hope that humanity will overcome these and let our carbon footprints leave a harvest for future generations. It was a song before its time as today everyone is talking about the importance of carbon footprints. Although it swept the boards at the National Song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12824835",
"chunk_text": "\"Thousand Hours\"\nThousand Hours Thousand Hours is a London, UK-based electromantic blue-eyed soul music project featuring Paul Mansford. Paul is a multifaceted singer, instrumentalist and songwriter whose energetic yet emotive performances employ live and looped vocals/EDM, beats/synths, and ambient Nord keyboard stylings. Thousand Hours' music has elements in common with artists such as James Blake, Daft Punk, Calvin Harris, SBTRKT, M83, Sam Sparro, Example and Allen Stone. Paul previously performed as frontman and lead vocalist for Total Movement, a London-based electropop project with his twin brother Alan (bass and vocals), Joe Dickenson (guitar and samples), and Will Calver (drums and triggers). Their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10388955",
"chunk_text": "\"I Love You Love Me Love\"\nChart (it entered the chart at number-one and had a 14-week run in the Top 40), earning him the first platinum record (which at the time certified sales of 1 million copies) awarded to a British artist. It has sold 1.14 million copies in the UK as of November 2012, although many former fans have since either destroyed, binned or donated their unwanted copies to charity shops. I Love You Love Me Love \"\"I Love You Love Me Love\"\" is a song by English glam rock singer Gary Glitter. Written by Glitter with Mike Leander and produced by Mike Leander",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19760091",
"chunk_text": "\"Christina Perri\"\nas well as four covers. Perri re-recorded \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" for \"\"\"\" with guest vocals from Steve Kazee, titled \"\"A Thousand Years, Pt. 2\"\". On May 14, 2013, she received the BMI award for her song \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" at the 61st annual BMI Pop Awards held in Beverly Hills, California. In 2013, Perri began regularly tweeting and posting pictures on Instagram regarding her second studio album's progress using the hashtag \"\"#albumtwo\"\". In February, Perri partnered with the non-profit organization To Write Love on Her Arms on a three-stop tour to raise money for the charity and debuted a brand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11977405",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Stars\"\nA Thousand Stars \"\"A Thousand Stars\"\" is a song written by Eugene Pearson and performed by Kathy Young with the Innocents. It reached #3 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and #6 on the R&B chart in 1960. The song was featured on her 1961 album, \"\"The Sound of Kathy Young\"\". The song was produced and arranged by James Lee. Sandy Nelson played drums on the record. The Rivileers 1954 (original version), The Rivileers enjoyed a short (less than two years) recording career from 1954 to 1955.The Rivileers most stable lineup consisted of neighborhood and high school buds: Eugene Pearson, Milton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "46683",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Lifetimes\"\nplay ‘‘Symphony’’ in August 2013, which peaked at number 18 on the indie chart. In 2015, Moore auditioned for the fourth series of \"\"The Voice Australia\"\" with a cover of \"\"I See Fire\"\". He was announced runner-up in the finale on 30 August. The following week, his single \"\"Symphony\"\" made its ARIA Charts debut at number 52. On 10 September 2015, Moore announced he had signed with Universal Music Australia and spent two weeks working on an album of covers until the label changed their mind and asked for an album of originals. \"\"That's the beauty of coming second,\"\" Moore",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8344314",
"chunk_text": "\"Musicor Records\"\nmade a comeback on Musicor with the Northern Soul classics \"\"I Love You 1000 Times\"\" and \"\"With This Ring\"\". Other artists rounding out the Musicor stable included Kenny Dino, Harmon Bethea, Steve Rossi (of the comic duo Allen & Rossi), Puerto Rican sensation Tito Rodriguez, middle-of-the-road orchestra leader Hugo Winterhalter, disco act the Toys, rock group Street People which featured Rupert Holmes. Country music singer George Jones recorded prolifically for Musicor from 1964 to 1972, including two albums of duets with labelmate Melba Montgomery. Musicor also produced some of the earliest recordings featuring the Moog synthesizer. The one-hit wonder Hot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18028112",
"chunk_text": "\"Inez and Charlie Foxx\"\nknown for their exciting live performances. They toured extensively in Europe and their music played a key role in the development of the Northern soul movement, upon which scene they had the very popular \"\"Tightrope\"\" single. Inez Foxx married songwriter and producer Luther Dixon in the late 1960s. Together they wrote, and he produced, the Platters' mid-1960s return to hit-making with the single \"\"I Love You 1000 Times\"\". Luther Dixon produced Inez and Charlie's 1967 Dynamo album \"\"Come By Here\"\", but the couple later divorced. Inez also had some success recording on her own, beginning in 1969, but her popularity",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19760089",
"chunk_text": "\"Christina Perri\"\nthe United Kingdom, \"\"Lovestrong\"\" was the thirteenth highest selling debut album of 2011. In July 2011, Perri embarked on her first world tour, the Lovestrong Tour, which lasted for almost exactly a year and consisted of 71 dates. Perri released her single \"\"A Thousand Years\"\", which appeared on the soundtrack of \"\"\"\", on October 18, 2011. The song debuted at number 63 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and peaked at number 31, but has been certified 4× platinum with over 4 million sales in the US alone since. The song is Perri's most successful single to date. The album's third",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10707795",
"chunk_text": "\"I've Been Loving You Too Long\"\nhis biggest hit upon its release. In 1992 Australian ARIA award-winning musician, Diesel recorded the song for his ARIA Chart number 1 album, \"\"The Lobbyist\"\" (1993). It was released as the third and final single and peaked at number 41 on the Australian ARIA Chart on 29 November 1993. The first cover of the song was a recording by the Rolling Stones in 1965, shortly after Redding's original version became a hit. It was included on the Stones' first live album, \"\"Got Live If You Want It!\"\", although the track was a studio recording that had been overdubbed with audience",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13012225",
"chunk_text": "\"Park Wan-kyu\"\nPark Wan-kyu Park Wan-kyu (; born December 1, 1973) is a South Korean singer. He was a lead vocalist of the band Boohwal, and left them to release his first solo album, with the title track that became his signature song, \"\"Thousand Years of Love\"\" in 1999. He has recorded many soundtracks for Korean dramas, and had his first substantial acting role in one in 2013. In 1997, as Boohwal's vocalist he recorded their 5th album, \"\"Discovery of Fire\"\" with them, singing their title song \"\"Lonely Night,\"\" and reunited with them in 2011 for their collaboration project with the song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13530325",
"chunk_text": "\"I've Been Loving You Too Long\"\nI've Been Loving You Too Long \"\"I've Been Loving You Too Long\"\" (originally \"\"I've Been Loving You Too Long (To Stop Now)\"\") is a soul music ballad written by Otis Redding and Jerry Butler. Considered by music critics and writers to be one of Redding's finest performances and a soul classic, it is a slow, emotional piece with Redding's pleading vocals backed by producer Steve Cropper's arpeggiated guitar parts and a horn section. Redding recorded the song in 1965 and when released as a single in April 1965, became his second best selling single. The song was subsequently included on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8723409",
"chunk_text": "\"1000 Years of Popular Music\"\n1000 Years of Popular Music 1000 Years of Popular Music is a 2003 live album by Richard Thompson. The album was originally conceived after Richard Thompson, along with many other artists, was asked by \"\"Playboy\"\" magazine to nominate his choice of the best songs of the last 1000 years. He took them exactly at their word and served up a list that included the oldest-known English-language songs, a medieval Italian dance tune and various other folk songs alongside slightly more contemporary fare. The list was never published by \"\"Playboy\"\"; it was subsequently released into CD format. The songs composing the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18471344",
"chunk_text": "\"Christina Perri discography\"\nchart. In 2011, Perri contributed the single \"\"A Thousand Years\"\" to the to the hit film, \"\"\"\"; the song charted well internationally and domestically. \"\"Head or Heart\"\" was released in March 2014 as Perri's second studio album. Its lead single, \"\"Human\"\", was a moderate hit, reaching the top 40 of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and being certified 2× Platinum by RIAA. Follow-up singles, \"\"Burning Gold\"\" and \"\"The Words\"\" failed to the enter the Hot 100 and only charted in the 20s on the Adult Pop chart. Christina Perri discography The discography of Christina Perri, an American singer-songwriter and musician, contains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8782119",
"chunk_text": "\"Gilbert Bécaud\"\nGilbert Bécaud Gilbert Bécaud (, 24 October 1927 – 18 December 2001) was a French singer, composer, pianist and actor, known as \"\"Monsieur 100,000 Volts\"\" for his energetic performances. His best-known hits are \"\"Nathalie\"\" and \"\"Et maintenant\"\", a 1961 release that became an English language hit as \"\"What Now My Love\"\". He remained a popular artist for nearly fifty years, identifiable in his dark blue suits, with a white shirt and \"\"lucky tie\"\"; blue with white polka dots. When asked to explain his gift he said, \"\"A flower doesn't understand botany.\"\" His favourite venue was the Paris Olympia under the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11630498",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Different Ways\"\nA Thousand Different Ways A Thousand Different Ways is the third studio album by Clay Aiken. The album, which was executive produced by Jaymes Foster, consists of ten covers and four new songs. It was released by RCA on September 19, 2006. The first single was \"\"Without You\"\" and the second, \"\"A Thousand Days.\"\" Writers of the four new songs (\"\"These Open Arms\"\", \"\"Lonely No More\"\", \"\"A Thousand Days\"\" and \"\"Everything I Have\"\") include Jon Bon Jovi, Desmond Child, Andreas Carlsson, Jeremy Bose, Aldo Nova, Samuel Waermo, Mimmi Waermo and Aiken himself. \"\"These Open Arms\"\" previously appeared as a bonus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4918559",
"chunk_text": "\"One Thousand Years of Trouble\"\nnoisy power chords, hard percussion, house beats, and influences from post-punk and hip hop. Lead singer Steve Elvidge's lyrics display a Northern, bitter tone, incorporating sloganeering and commenting on contemporary politics. The influential packaging was one of the first major projects by Designer's Republic. \"\"One Thousand Years of Trouble\"\" was promoted by a live tour and the release of three singles, all of which had specially commissioned twelve-inch mixes, including a remix of \"\"Take It!\"\" by Public Enemy. The album itself received critical acclaim but saw little commercial success. However, the album's style has since been regarded as innovative and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_467
|
when was the last episode of the flash aired?
|
n/a
|
[
"May 22, 2018",
"May 1, 2018"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5962826",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nin the history of The CW, after \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" in 2009. It has been well received by critics and audiences, and won the People's Choice Award for \"\"Favorite New TV Drama\"\" in 2014. The series, together with \"\"Arrow\"\", has spun characters out to their own show, \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which premiered on January 21, 2016. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. In season one, after witnessing his mother's supernatural murder, Barry Allen is taken in by Detective Joe West and his family. Barry becomes a brilliant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160180",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nfrom Earth-X. \"\"Arrow\"\" actor David Ramsey appears as John Diggle, as well as DeVoe's Diggle disguise earlier in the twenty-second episode. The season began airing on October 10, 2017, on The CW in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. The season concluded on May 22, 2018. Sky One acquired the rights to air the season in the UK & Ireland, airing it alongside the other Arrowverse shows. The season premiered October 17. In July 2017, cast from the series appeared at San Diego Comic-Con International to promote the season, where exclusive footage was shown. During the panel, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160163",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nThe Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160186",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nDoviak gave the finale a B+, praising the light tone and character moments, while adding that \"\"None of this can make up for the long stretches of mediocrity this year, but at least it doesn’t leave me with a bad taste in my mouth.\"\" General references The Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10224706",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nThe Flash (season 5) The fifth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and is set to consist of 22 episodes. The season follows Barry, a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities, as he deals with the consequences of his future daughter's time traveling. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5962865",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nCBS on March 28, 2016. Intersecting with the events of the eighteenth episode of \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on April 19, 2016, Barry accidentally arrives on Earth-38 and helps Kara battle two of her enemies, Silver Banshee (Italia Ricci) and Livewire (Brit Morgan), before returning home. The Flash (2014 TV series) The Flash is an American superhero television series developed by Greg Berlanti, Andrew Kreisberg, and Geoff Johns, airing on The CW. It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds. It is a spin-off",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17061539",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\n23 episodes, airing on The CW until May 24, 2016. The premiere was watched by 3.58 million viewers, down from the first season premiere but average for the series. The second season of \"\"The Flash\"\" received universal acclaim from critics, and finished as the 112th ranked show, slightly up from season one, with an average viewership of 4.25 million. The series was renewed for a third season on March 11, 2016. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 11, 2015, \"\"The Flash\"\" was renewed for a second season. With the commencement of production on the season, former \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"Ugly Betty\"\" writer Gabrielle Stanton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2989334",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nepisodes; a still frame of Kyle Gallner from earlier seasons was used to give the appearance that Bart was attending a Justice League meeting via videoscreen in the season 9 finale, \"\"Salvation\"\". The character is also present in the season 10 episode \"\"Icarus\"\" at the funeral of Carter Hall, but his face is not shown. In the series' penultimate episode, villains are assembled and are each given a hero to kill. Bart is given to Captain Cold. The character later features prominently in the comic book continuation to the TV series (2012–). In 2003, it was reported that The WB",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160178",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nblack market of metahuman supervillains. Filming for the season began on July 4, 2017, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and concluded on April 21, 2018. Kevin Smith returned to direct an episode in January 2018. In August 2017, series composer Blake Neely and Nathaniel Blume began to compose the music for the fourth season. In May 2017, The CW president Mark Pedowitz officially announced plans for a four-show Arrowverse crossover event, crossing over episodes of the television series \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", and \"\"Arrow\"\". The crossover, \"\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\", began with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and a special airing of \"\"Arrow\"\" on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "537610",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\non July 21, 2018 to promote the season. Starting on September 14, 2018, several billboards advertising Ralph Dibny as a private investigator were seen around Vancouver, the city where the show is filmed. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating for the fifth season with an average rating of 7.96/10, based on 132 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Flash\"\"s fifth season maintains the show's high standard for compelling visuals, chilling villains, and well-scripted moments of humor, but also turns a more focused gaze on the role of family dynamics amongst the increasingly complex characters.\"\" Reviewing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7204354",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nAmell, Gustin, David Ramsey, Emily Bett Rickards, Danielle Panabaker and Carlos Valdes were joined by executive producers Berlanti, Kreisberg and Guggenheim for a Q&A panel. The first part of the crossover, \"\"The Flash\"\", was broadcast on December 2, 2014, followed by part two on \"\"Arrow\"\" on December 3, both on The CW. The crossover was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV. It first aired in the United Kingdom on Channel 5 on December 16 and December 18, 2014. In Australia, the episodes aired back-to-back on January 28, 2015, on Fox8, after Nine Network, which broadcasts \"\"Arrow\"\", allowed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8155557",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\nLightning\"\". In February 2017, Fox passed on the series, with it being picked up by The CW with a new script for the pilot. The CW officially ordered the series in May 2017. The first season premiered on January 16, 2018, for a 13-episode run. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. High school principal Jefferson Pierce, who retired from his superhero persona Black Lightning nine years ago after seeing the effects it had on his family, is forced to become a vigilante again when the rise of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10224715",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nseason also introduces Barry's \"\"Flash ring\"\" from the comics. The new suit adopts brighter colors than previous suits – which had maroon overtones – and, unlike prior incarnations, does not have a chin strap. Production for the season began on July 6, 2018, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is set to conclude on April 10, 2019. Kevin Smith will direct an episode of the season. Danielle Panabaker will make her directorial debut this season. Tom Cavanagh directed the eighth episode of the season, which served as the 100th episode of the series and led into the annual crossover. Due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13801619",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\n\"\"90210\"\", and the third-highest rated in the 18–49 demographic. The CW re-aired the pilot the following day on Wednesday, October 8, 2014 after the season 3 premiere of \"\"Arrow\"\". The episode was watched by 2.11 million viewers and achieved a 0.7 adults 18–49 rating. Factoring live plus seven-day ratings, the pilot was watched by a total of 6.8 million viewers, becoming The CW's most-watched telecast and the highest-rated premiere among men 18–34 (2.5 rating). It broke the previous record for the most-watched telecast held by the cycle 8 finale of \"\"America's Next Top Model\"\" in 2007 (6.69 million). Additionally, across",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17323822",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\ntitled \"\"World's Finest\"\" when it was released on the \"\"Supergirl: Season 1\"\" soundtrack. All music composed by Blake Neely. The season premiered on The CW on October 6, 2015, and ran until May 24, 2016. \"\"The Flash\"\" surged 1,378% in buzz (highest year over year growth in conversation) from last year for its second season. The season began streaming on Netflix on October 4, 2016, and was released on Blu-ray and DVD in Region 1 on September 6, 2016. The second season of \"\"The Flash\"\" was the fourth most-torrented television show of 2016. The second season finished as the 112th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10983659",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\nTelevision, and DC Entertainment, with Andrew Kreisberg, Gabrielle Stanton, Aaron Helbing, and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2015, and filmed from that July to the following April in Vancouver. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, alongside principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from the first season, and are joined by Keiynan Lonsdale. This season also introduces characters from \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which was being developed as a spin-off. The first episode of the season premiered on October 6, 2015, with the season, consisting of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3812606",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nshowrunner; after having served as consulting producer and writer on the first season's finale \"\"Fast Enough\"\". However, it was later reported that Kreisberg would be returning to sole showrunner duties at an unspecified time. That time was later proved to be at the start of 2016, \"\"Potential Energy\"\", when Stanton was no longer credited as being involved with the show. In May 2017, it was reported that Aaron Helbing would be departing the series. Helbing had served as a writer since the first season, and as co-showrunner, along with his brother Todd and Kreisberg, since the second. The costume was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7176108",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nhe maintained roughly the same personality. However, he is now using his powers to help others. Along with Aquaman, Green Arrow, Cyborg and Black Canary he now works to stop one of Lex Luthor's evil side projects, 33.1. Kyle Gallner reprises his role as Impulse for a final time in the season eight finale, \"\"Doomsday\"\". The character's presence continues to be felt thereafter, though he does not directly feature. For example, in the ninth-season episode \"\"Absolute Justice\"\", the Golden Age Flash, Jay Garrick, is seen in flashbacks, getting arrested with the other Justice Society members. Impulse appeared in two additional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1869758",
"chunk_text": "\"Flashpoint (TV series)\"\n9, 2009 at 9 pm for a midseason start. In the United States and Canada, the remaining four episodes that were originally produced for Season 1 aired as a part of Season 2. CTV in Canada originally considered these episodes as part of Season 1; however, after the airing of the fourth episode (which was originally considered the final episode of Season 1), CTV changed the labelling of these four episodes and, following CBS, began considering them part of Season 2. CBS and CTV both ended Season 2 on May 25, 2009 after airing only the first nine episodes produced.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5962861",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\n\"\"Supergirl\"\" novels. The first, \"\"The Flash: Hocus Pocus\"\", was released on October 3, 2017. The novel takes place in an alternate timeline where the show's \"\"Flashpoint\"\" event never occurred, and The Flash must fight a villain known as Hocus Pocus who can control the minds and actions of people. A sequel, \"\"The Flash: Johnny Quick\"\" was released on April 3, 2018, as well as a third novel, titled \"\"The Flash: The Tornado Twins\"\", on October 2, 2018. On October 21, 2016, \"\"The Art and Making of The Flash\"\" by Abbie Bernstein was released. This is a 160-page behind-the-scenes book with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160164",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nAndrew Kreisberg and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2017, and filming began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Keiynan Lonsdale, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, and are joined by Neil Sandilands. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The series was renewed for a fourth season on January 8, 2017, earlier than usual for the series. Executive producer Andrew Kreisberg said on this, \"\"The great thing about our dear friends at The CW and Mark Pedowitz picking the shows up as early as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160179",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nNovember 27, 2017, and concluded on \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. In August 2017, Berlanti noted that it would be \"\"a big life event for a few different people\"\" that would bring them all together for the crossover, adding \"\"There are many life events that happen.\"\" Prior to that, \"\"Arrow\"\" actress Emily Bett Rickards appears as Felicity Smoak in the fifth episode of the season. Following the crossover, Katie Cassidy (who has previously appeared on \"\"The Flash\"\" as both Laurel Lance and Black Siren) appears in the nineteenth episode as Siren-X, an alternate version of Laurel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17997170",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 1)\"\nThe Flash (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\" premiered on The CW on October 7, 2014 and concluded on May 19, 2015 after airing 23 episodes. The series is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds. It is a spin-off from \"\"Arrow\"\", existing in the same fictional universe, and was produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with Andrew Kreisberg serving as showrunner. The series follows Allen, portrayed by Grant Gustin, a crime scene investigator who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8883228",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\ntheir performances. Due to a prolonged snowfall in Vancouver, filming of the \"\"Gorilla City\"\" scenes had to be moved south of the original site. Visual effects for both episodes were handled by Encore Post. According to post-production producer Jeff Garrett, episodes with Grodd cost 50 percent more than other Flash episodes. The first part, \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", aired on February 21, 2017, and concluded with part two, \"\"Attack on Central City\"\", on February 28, both on The CW. The event was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV for the first part, after which the series moved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2399562",
"chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nWaterTower Music containing the songs featured the episode. After beginning in the ending scene of the March 20, 2017 episode of \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"Duet\"\" aired in the United States on The CW on March 21, 2017. It was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV Two. In early March 2017, a promotional poster for the episode was released, with it being marketed as \"\"Dynamic Duet\"\", a play on words of the phrase \"\"dynamic duo\"\". In Australia, where \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Supergirl\"\" both air on Fox8, the crossover was marketed as a two-night event called \"\"DC Musical Crossover\"\". Jesse Schedeen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13127505",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\n21, 2017 with \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", and concluded on February 28 with \"\"Attack on Central City\"\". The first episode was written by Aaron Helbing and David Kob from a story by Andrew Kreisberg, and the second episode was written by Benjamin Raab and Deric A. Hughes from a story by Todd Helbing. Both episodes were directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. Grant Gustin portrays Barry Allen / Flash, joined by series regulars Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, Jesse L. Martin and Keiynan Lonsdale and recurring cast members Tom Felton, Violett Beane, and Jessica Camacho. Keith David and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "546454",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 1)\"\nCW's second-most watched series premiere ever, behind \"\"90210\"\", and the third-highest rated in the 18–49 demographic. The first season finished as the 118th ranked show, with an average viewership of 4.62 million, making it the most watched series ever on The CW, and also the highest rated series among men 18–49 and men 18+ ever on the network. The first season of \"\"The Flash\"\" received generally positive reviews from critics. Reviews for the series became increasingly positive as the season progressed, with the finale receiving critical acclaim. The series was renewed for a second season on January 11, 2015. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude>",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5287554",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nmake Cisco create a weapon for her, as he did for Golden Glider, Captain Cold, and Heatwave. When he does not cooperate, she shoots him. Cisco survives being shot, realizing that the orange soda he spilt on his shirt was the missing catalyst to his bulletproof formula. Cisco tries to bring Peek-a-Boo back to the pipeline, but she locks him in the cell instead. Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry. He believes he dreamt the whole experience, until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground. On November 14, 2017, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2399564",
"chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nGustin and Benoist and that Gustin was able to \"\"reconnect with the character's endearing side.\"\" Von Doviak concluded, \"\"It's probably logistically untenable for them to ever be more than 'super friends,' but if this show ever needed the positive energy they generate together, now was certainly the time.\"\" Duet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16417100",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nMartin's back injury, the majority of his scenes were shot depicting Joe seated. In May 2018, \"\"Arrow\"\" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"\"Supergirl\"\" for that week and will air on Sunday, December 9. The main cast of the season as well as executive producer Todd Helbing attended San Diego Comic-Con",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19477723",
"chunk_text": "\"Killer Frost (The Flash episode)\"\nKiller Frost (The Flash episode) \"\"Killer Frost\"\" is the seventh episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Brooke Roberts, with a story by Judalina Neira and directed by Kevin Smith. It was first broadcast on November 22, 2016 on The CW. The show is itself a spin-off of the show \"\"Arrow\"\", where many characters in the series were introduced during the second season. The episode revolves around Caitlin Snow (Danielle Panabaker) slowly losing control of her Killer Frost persona after using her powers to save Barry from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18818425",
"chunk_text": "\"Invasion! (Arrowverse)\"\na separate DVD on August 17, 2017 in Region 2 and September 20 in Region 4. The episodes are available for streaming on Netflix and The CW app in the United States. \"\"Invasion!\"\" gave the CW its most-watched week in six years. \"\"The Flash\"\" episode had a season-three-high viewership (the series' largest since December 9, 2014) and a season-three-high 18–49 rating, the highest since February 16, 2016. The episode improved 40 and 36 percent in viewership and the 18–49 rating, respectively, on the previous episode, \"\"Killer Frost\"\". It increased by five percent in total viewers and seven percent in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13801618",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\nDecember 3, 2014. The episode, along with the rest of \"\"The Flash\"\"s first season, was released on Blu-ray and DVD on September 22, 2015. Bonus features include behind-the-scenes featurettes, audio commentary, deleted scenes, and a blooper reel. On October 6, 2015, the episode became available for streaming on Netflix in the United States. The first episode of \"\"The Flash\"\" was watched by 4.8 million viewers and had a 1.9 18–49 demographic rating, making it The CW's most watched and highest rated series premiere since \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" in 2009. It also became The CW's second-most watched series premiere ever, behind",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8160182",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nlatest.\"\" Collider's Allison Keene also noted Iris \"\"getting an actual storyline\"\" with Barry gone, and similarly presumed that he \"\"[would] be back in the fold by the end of the first episode\"\" alike to Flashpoint in the third season. She added, \"\"There are some new foes, lots of action, plenty of tech — it's great!\"\" The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late May 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It will be released on Blu-ray on August 28, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 76% approval rating with an average rating of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8855446",
"chunk_text": "\"Nora (The Flash episode)\"\nNora (The Flash episode) \"\"Nora\"\" is the first episode of the fifth season, and 93rd episode overall of the CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Todd Helbing & Sam Chalsen and directed by David McWhirter. It first aired on The CW on October 9, 2018. This episode marks the first appearance of Jessica Parker Kennedy as Nora West-Allen as a main character after making numerous cameos last season. Team Flash meet Nora, Barry and Iris' daughter from the future. While Iris expresses excitement, Barry is concerned that she could alter the timeline based on his own mistakes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1869749",
"chunk_text": "\"Flashpoint (TV series)\"\nthe show held by CBS including the option to continue production. After the fourth season of \"\"Flashpoint\"\" concluded, a fifth season was ordered; starting to air in Canada in September 2012. On May 1, 2012, the producers announced that the fifth season would be the last of the series. The series finale aired on December 13, 2012. The show focuses on a fictional elite tactical unit, the Strategic Response Unit (SRU), within a Canadian metropolitan police force (styled on the Toronto Police Emergency Task Force). The SRU are tasked to resolve extreme situations that regular officers are not trained to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7204356",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nthe previous episode, \"\"Power Outage\"\". The \"\"Arrow\"\" episode was the most viewed of season three, and had the show's largest audience since the series' premiere on October 10, 2012, and a series high 18–49 rating. Its viewership grew by 46% and its 18-49 rating by 56% over the previous episode, \"\"Draw Back Your Bow\"\", and helped contribute to the most watched Wednesday on The CW in more than two years. The Canadian broadcast of \"\"The Flash\"\" was watched by 2.45 million viewers, earning the highest viewership for the week. The \"\"Arrow\"\" broadcast had 2.22 million viewers, the second highest for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17997178",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 1)\"\nNeely. \"\"The Flash\"\" was screened at the Warner Bros. Television and DC Entertainment panel at San Diego Comic-Con International in July 2014. The series officially premiered on The CW on October 7, 2014, during the 2014–15 television season and also premiered in Canada on the same night. The second episode was screened at New York Comic Con on October 9, 2014, as a way to repay the viewers that watched the series' premiere episode. The series premiered in the United Kingdom and Ireland on October 28, 2014, and in Australia on December 3, 2014. In April 2015, to celebrate the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4805592",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash (Barry Allen)\"\na single image of a blur) in Grant Morrison's crossover story \"\"\"\" #3 (Nov. 2008), fully actualized in Geoff Johns' accompanying \"\"\"\" #1 (June 2009), kicking off a six issue limited series. He has since played a pivotal role in the crossover stories \"\"Blackest Night\"\" (2009), \"\"Flashpoint\"\" (2011), \"\"Convergence\"\" (2015), and \"\"DC Rebirth\"\" (2016). The character has appeared in various adaptations in other media. John Wesley Shipp played Barry Allen in the 1990 CBS television series and Grant Gustin currently plays him in the 2014 The CW television series. Alan Tudyk, George Eads, James Arnold Taylor, Taliesin Jaffe, Dwight Schultz,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18730989",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2016)\"\nWoman and Aquaman are at war with one another and have decimated Western Europe, among other changes. Following its conclusion, the series radically changed the status quo of the DC Universe, leading to The New 52. DC cancelled all of their titles and debuted 52 new series in September 2011 with new first issues. One of the new 52 series starting in September was the fourth volume of \"\"The Flash\"\", starring Barry Allen. In February 2015, it was announced that following the \"\"Convergence\"\" storyline in May, DC would be ending its New 52 branding, though the continuity established post-\"\"Flashpoint\"\" would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19576859",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n1990 television series in a pre-credits scene that ties-in with the Arrowverse crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\". \"\"What's Past Is Prologue\"\" originally aired on The CW on December 4, 2018, and was watched by 1.78 million viewers according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received a positive critical response. Barry Allen and Nora West-Allen time travel to gather items to stop Cicada; a highly magnetic alloy from Savitar's armor, dark matter, and Harry Wells' Speed Force transmitter to transfer dark matter into the armor piece. They first travel to Barry's final battle against Savitar. After a Time Wraith appears, Barry distracts it so",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20547717",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nheld by the cycle 8 finale of \"\"America's Next Top Model\"\" in 2007 (6.69 million). Additionally, across all platforms, including initiated streams on digital platforms and total unduplicated viewers on-air over two airings the week of October 7, 2014, the premiere was seen more than 13 million times. The Canadian premiere was watched by 3.11 million viewers, making it the most-watched broadcast that night and the second for that week. In the United Kingdom, the premiere was the fourth highest-rated broadcast of the week and the eleventh of that month, with 1.53 million viewers. The timeshifted version got 82,000 viewers.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16412915",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\nPilot (The Flash) \"\"Pilot\"\" is the first episode of The CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Geoff Johns, based on a story by Greg Berlanti, Kreisberg, and Johns, and directed by David Nutter. It was first broadcast on October 7, 2014, on The CW. The show is a spin-off from \"\"Arrow\"\" where many of the characters in \"\"The Flash\"\" were introduced during its second season. The episode revolves around Barry Allen (Grant Gustin), a forensic scientist working for the Central City Police Department. On the night of the launch of a particle accelerator, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8902147",
"chunk_text": "\"Salvation Run\"\nto the series have occurred in \"\"Countdown to Final Crisis\"\" (which details Piper and Trickster's continual evasion of capture), \"\"Outsiders\"\", \"\"Checkmate\"\", \"\"Catwoman\"\", and \"\"Justice League of America\"\". A compiled paperback version of this mini-series was released on September 24, 2008. Following the events of Black Adam's rampage in \"\"World War III\"\", the Amazonian attack on the United States, the murder of the Flash (Bart Allen), and the Injustice League's attack upon the wedding of Green Arrow and Black Canary, a U.S. government sponsored secret program is put in place to combat the growing metahuman threat. Initiated by Executive Order by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1372113",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nis produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with Todd Helbing serving as showrunner. The season was ordered in April 2018, and production began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, while Hartley Sawyer, Danielle Nicolet, and Jessica Parker Kennedy were promoted to series regulars from their recurring statuses in season four. They are joined by new cast member Chris Klein. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Danielle Panabaker will direct the eighteenth episode of the season. Rebecca Johnson and Kevin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19477731",
"chunk_text": "\"Killer Frost (The Flash episode)\"\nseems to continue this season’s spiral into the depressing abyss. (However, there is one moment at the end that points toward lighter moments to come).\"\" Killer Frost (The Flash episode) \"\"Killer Frost\"\" is the seventh episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Brooke Roberts, with a story by Judalina Neira and directed by Kevin Smith. It was first broadcast on November 22, 2016 on The CW. The show is itself a spin-off of the show \"\"Arrow\"\", where many characters in the series were introduced during the second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18701078",
"chunk_text": "\"Hartley Sawyer\"\nannounced that Sawyer was exiting from the role eight months after his debut. He made his last appearance on January 27, 2014. In 2014, he starred in the thriller \"\"Kept Man\"\", and the Geek & Sundry superhero comedy \"\"Caper\"\" from \"\"Eureka\"\" creator Amy Berg and executive producer Felicia Day. In 2015, Sawyer hosted and co-wrote the documentary series \"\"Courageous Leaders\"\", and starred in the Wall Street drama \"\"SPiN\"\". In July 2017, Sawyer was cast in The CW's superhero drama \"\"The Flash\"\" as Ralph Dibny / Elongated Man, a fast-talking private investigator who is able to stretch his body to any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2308144",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash in film\"\nLeague\"\" film. On July 20, 2013, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" has reported that the film was rumored to be released in 2016 but it has not been announced. In October 2014, Warner Bros. announced \"\"The Flash\"\" would be released in 2018 as the sixth installment of the DC Extended Universe. Ezra Miller was cast to play the title role of Barry Allen. 1A story treatment for the film will be written by Phil Lord and Chris Miller. The studio was courting the duo to also direct, but they declined due to their busy schedule. The studio instead signed Seth Grahame-Smith to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18208455",
"chunk_text": "\"The Flash (1990 TV series)\"\nSeptember 20, 1990, at 8 pm, CBS moved the series to 8:30pm with its second episode, in an attempt to broadcast opposite less formidable competition in Fox's \"\"Babes\"\", NBC's \"\"A Different World\"\" and the second half-hour of ABC's \"\"Father Dowling Mysteries\"\". Eventually, CBS moved the series off Thursdays entirely, moving the show to Saturday nights. Had the show continued, it was revealed the second season would have opened with the Flash's rogues teaming up to take down the hero. Warner Bros. Television and CBS began its promotion of the series in July 1990 during the 1990 NBA All-Star Game. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7204355",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nFox8 to air the \"\"Arrow\"\" episode of the crossover. The episodes, along with the rest of \"\"The Flash\"\"s first season and \"\"Arrow\"\"s third season, were released separately on Blu-ray and DVD on September 22, 2015. Bonus features include behind-the-scenes featurettes, audio commentary, deleted scenes, and a blooper reel. The episodes became available for streaming on Netflix on October 6 and October 7, 2015, respectively. \"\"The Flash\"\" episode had the second-highest number of viewers following the series premiere on October 7, 2014, and the highest 18-49 rating since the second episode. Viewership rose 22% and the 18-49 rating by 14%, over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_468
|
who stole the mona lisa from the louvre in 1911?
|
n/a
|
[
"Vincenzo Peruggia"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326266",
"chunk_text": "\"Vincenzo Peruggia\"\nVincenzo Peruggia Vincenzo Peruggia (October 8, 1881 – October 8, 1925) was an Italian thief, most famous for stealing the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" on 21 August 1911. Born in Dumenza, Varese, Italy, he died in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France. In 1911, Peruggia perpetrated what has been described as the greatest art theft of the 20th century. It was a police theory that the former Louvre worker hid inside the museum on Sunday, August 20, knowing the museum would be closed the following day. But, according to Peruggia's interrogation in Florence after his arrest, he entered the museum on Monday, August 21 around 7",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10104411",
"chunk_text": "\"The Theft of the Mona Lisa\"\nThe Theft of the Mona Lisa The Theft of the Mona Lisa (German: Der Raub der Mona Lisa) is a 1931 German drama film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Trude von Molo , Willi Forst and Gustaf Gründgens. It is based on a true story. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Andrej Andrejew and Robert A. Dietrich. In 1911, Vincenzo Peruggia is a poverty-stricken Italian glazier who falls in love with Mathilde, a French hotel maid. Struck by the girl's resemblance to Leonardo da Vinci's \"\"Mona Lisa\"\", Vicenzo manages to steal the painting from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2203868",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nhe stresses that the images never existed. Kemp is also adamant that Cotte’s images in no way establish the existence of a separate underlying portrait. On 21 August 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre. The theft was not discovered until the next day, when painter Louis Béroud walked into the museum and went to the Salon Carré where the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" had been on display for five years, only to find four iron pegs on the wall. Béroud contacted the head of the guards, who thought the painting was being photographed for promotional purposes. A few hours later,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13933141",
"chunk_text": "\"Eduardo de Valfierno\"\nEduardo de Valfierno Eduardo de Valfierno (1850–1931), who posed as a \"\"marqués\"\" (marquis), was an Argentine con man who allegedly masterminded the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" in 1911. In 1932 journalist Karl Decker published a story in the \"\"Saturday Evening Post\"\" claiming Valfierno paid several men to steal the work of art from the Louvre, including museum employee Vincenzo Peruggia. On August 21, 1911 Peruggia hid the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" under his coat and simply walked out the door. Before the heist took place, Valfierno allegedly commissioned French art restorer and forger Yves Chaudron to make six copies of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "972455",
"chunk_text": "\"Eduardo de Valfierno\"\nthe Valfierno story. Eduardo de Valfierno Eduardo de Valfierno (1850–1931), who posed as a \"\"marqués\"\" (marquis), was an Argentine con man who allegedly masterminded the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" in 1911. In 1932 journalist Karl Decker published a story in the \"\"Saturday Evening Post\"\" claiming Valfierno paid several men to steal the work of art from the Louvre, including museum employee Vincenzo Peruggia. On August 21, 1911 Peruggia hid the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" under his coat and simply walked out the door. Before the heist took place, Valfierno allegedly commissioned French art restorer and forger Yves Chaudron to make six",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18469864",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nBéroud checked back with the Section Chief of the Louvre who confirmed that the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was not with the photographers. The Louvre was closed for an entire week during the investigation. French poet Guillaume Apollinaire came under suspicion and was arrested and imprisoned. Apollinaire implicated his friend Pablo Picasso, who was brought in for questioning. Both were later exonerated. Two years later the thief revealed himself. Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia had stolen the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet, and walking out with it hidden under his coat after the museum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12670979",
"chunk_text": "\"Theft of The Weeping Woman from the National Gallery of Victoria\"\nframe and left the gallery undetected. McCaughey stated that a specialised type of screwdriver not available to the public would have been required to take the painting off the wall. It has been suggested that the thieves knew their art history: the method of the theft was an ironic \"\"homage\"\" to the 1911 theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" from the Louvre. (In 1911, Picasso and his contemporary Guillaume Apollinaire, were both suspects in the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" theft; they were cleared of any association with the crime.) The theft of \"\"The Weeping Woman\"\" was not noticed until Monday 4 August 1986.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7858316",
"chunk_text": "\"Yves Chaudron\"\nclones of Leonardo's great portrait\"\" while Valfierno made arrangements to steal the real painting. In the early hours of 21 August 1911, Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia and two accomplices carried the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" out of the museum covered in a painter's smock. Decker asserts that six Chaudron copies had already been sent to the United States ahead of the theft and while the stolen original remained in France, Valfierno followed his fakes and sold each for up to 300,000. The original remained hidden for two years until Peruggia, presenting himself as Leonardo Vincenzo, tried to sell it in Florence, Italy.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1459425",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nLouvre\"\", but the painting was known more by the intelligentsia than the general public. The 1911 theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" and its subsequent return was reported worldwide, leading to a massive increase in public recognition of the painting. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in \"\"300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements\"\". It has been said that the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was regarded as \"\"just another Leonardo until early last century, when the scandal of the painting's theft from the Louvre and subsequent return kept a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "230524",
"chunk_text": "\"Seymour Reit\"\nDay They Stole the Mona Lisa\"\", written in 1981, is about the theft of the Mona Lisa from the Louvre in 1911. In the book, Reit asserted that there were \"\"two\"\" genuine \"\"Mona Lisas\"\" in the world: the one in the Louvre, and an earlier version of the work painted by Leonardo da Vinci which was being held in a bank vault in New Jersey (the so-called \"\"Vernon Mona Lisa\"\"). A long-planned movie adaptation of the book has never materialized, although the Internet Movie Database lists a movie by the same title tentatively planned for 2009. In addition to those",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10104412",
"chunk_text": "\"The Theft of the Mona Lisa\"\nLouvre in hopes of impressing his sweetheart. But when the girl proves to be a fickle sort, the crestfallen hero confesses his crime and is carted off to jail. Unwilling to admit that he'd been led astray by a woman, Vicenzo claims that he stole the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" to restore it to his native Italy, and as a result is hailed as a national hero! The Theft of the Mona Lisa The Theft of the Mona Lisa (German: Der Raub der Mona Lisa) is a 1931 German drama film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Trude von Molo ,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10344067",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa (opera)\"\nVinci had been stolen from the Louvre in 1911, and rediscovered in Florence in 1913. The opera was first performed on 26 September 1915 in the Hofoper in Stuttgart, with the composer conducting. In the same year it was also performed in Vienna (with Maria Jeritza in the title role), Berlin (Richard Strauss conducting the first two performances), Breslau, Hamburg and Budapest. The North American premiere took place at the Metropolitan Opera in New York on 1 March 1923, Artur Bodanzky conducting, with Barbara Kemp, Michael Bohnen (both making their Met debut) and Curt Taucher in the principal roles. Post",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13329927",
"chunk_text": "\"Pablo Picasso\"\nbrownish and neutral colours. Both artists took apart objects and \"\"analyzed\"\" them in terms of their shapes. Picasso and Braque's paintings at this time share many similarities. In Paris, Picasso entertained a distinguished coterie of friends in the Montmartre and Montparnasse quarters, including André Breton, poet Guillaume Apollinaire, writer Alfred Jarry and Gertrude Stein. In 1911, Picasso was arrested and questioned about the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" from the Louvre. Suspicion for the crime had initially fallen upon Apollinaire due to his links to Géry Pieret, an artist with a history of thefts from the gallery. Apollinaire in turn",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10765770",
"chunk_text": "\"Yves Chaudron\"\nfound that can be attributed to anyone named Chaudron. Yves Chaudron Yves Chaudron was a supposed French master art forger who is alleged to have copied images of Leonardo da Vinci's \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" as part of Eduardo de Valfierno's famous 1911 \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" painting theft. In reality he may be a fictional character created by Karl Decker for an article that ran in a 1932 issue of the \"\"Saturday Evening Post\"\", and passed off as a real person. There is also very little evidence that Valfierno actually existed, or if he did, that he was involved in the theft of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "582160",
"chunk_text": "\"Louis Lépine\"\nmajor disturbances were largely avoided. Throughout the crisis Lépine was a visible presence attempting to lead from the front by reassuring Parisians that order would be maintained alongside the humanitarian efforts that were taking place. The theft on August 22, 1911 of the Mona Lisa from the Musée du Louvre was more of an embarrassment to Lépine although initially he acted with his usual decisiveness ordering the museum to be closed for a week whilst forensic analysis was carried out. French poet Guillaume Apollinaire came under suspicion; he was arrested and put in jail. Apollinaire tried to implicate his friend",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14285647",
"chunk_text": "\"Théodore Steeg\"\nresponsible for Posts and Telegraphs. In 1907 he was appointed the rapporteur on the Public Education budget. Théodore Steeg was appointed Minister of Public Instruction and Beaux-Arts in Ernest Monis's cabinet on 2 March 1911. The Mona Lisa was stolen from the Louvre on 21 August 1911, and Steeg was forced to start an administrative inquiry into how such an important painting could have been stolen from such a major museum. Steeg was a supporter of the Nouvelle Sorbonne movement with its insistence on basic republican principles. He rejected a petition to revise the Sorbonne reforms of 1902, to which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6502570",
"chunk_text": "\"Yves Chaudron\"\nYves Chaudron Yves Chaudron was a supposed French master art forger who is alleged to have copied images of Leonardo da Vinci's \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" as part of Eduardo de Valfierno's famous 1911 \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" painting theft. In reality he may be a fictional character created by Karl Decker for an article that ran in a 1932 issue of the \"\"Saturday Evening Post\"\", and passed off as a real person. There is also very little evidence that Valfierno actually existed, or if he did, that he was involved in the theft of the Mona Lisa at all. Valfierno's account was relayed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19377188",
"chunk_text": "\"Louis Lépine\"\nPablo Picasso, who was also brought in for questioning, but both were later exonerated. The real thief was Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia an Italian wishing to return it to Italy. He was caught with the painting two years later when he attempted to sell it to the directors of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. One of Lépine's last successes was the capture and destruction of the notorious Bonnot Gang (La Bande à Bonnot), an anarchist criminal group that operated in France and Belgium during the Belle Époque, from 1911 to 1912.In 1910 Lépine had instigated La Brigade Criminelle a dedicated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17306753",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations\"\nhanging in one of the great museums of the world.\"\" The image had yet to gain iconic status, and, Sassoon adds, was \"\"not even the most valued painting in the Louvre.\"\" The painting's theft on August 11, 1911, and the subsequent media frenzy surrounding the investigation and its recovery are contributing factors which ignited public interest and catapulted \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" to its current standing. \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" is in the public domain and free to be exploited, explaining its reproduction on everything from postcards to coffee mugs, with no legal repercussions. Artistic replicas and reinterpretations as a whole – demonstrating adequate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2203852",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nMona Lisa The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as \"\"the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world\"\". The \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017. The painting is thought to be a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326271",
"chunk_text": "\"Vincenzo Peruggia\"\nin the town of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France. His death was not widely reported by the media; obituaries appeared mistakenly only when another Vincenzo Peruggia died in Haute-Savoie in 1947. There are currently two predominant theories regarding the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\". Peruggia said he did it for a patriotic reason: he wanted to bring the painting back for display in Italy \"\"after it was stolen by Napoleon\"\". Although perhaps sincere in his motive, Vincenzo may not have known that Leonardo da Vinci took this painting as a gift for Francis I when he moved to France to become a painter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3729363",
"chunk_text": "\"Lovisa Card-Catlin\"\nChaumière. Coincidentally, Lovisa was among the visitors at The Louvre on the day Leonardo da Vinci’s \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was stolen. Upon her return to Erie, Lovisa was awarded honorary membership to the Woman’s Club of Erie. She was also posthumously named one of the twelve greatest women in Erie history by the Business and Professional Women’s Club in 1931. Well into her seventies, Lovisa continued to build exhibitions with the Art Club. In 1923, she helped institute the Art Club’s first regular exhibition of local artists This exhibition continues today as the Annual Spring Show at the Erie Art Museum.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1459431",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\ndeep seas, and keeps their fallen day about her.\"\" By the early 20th century some critics started to feel the painting had become a repository for subjective exegeses and theories, and upon the painting's theft in 1911, Renaissance historian Bernard Berenson admitted that it had \"\"simply become an incubus, and I was glad to be rid of her.\"\" The avant-garde art world has made note of the undeniable fact of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\"s popularity. Because of the painting's overwhelming stature, Dadaists and Surrealists often produce modifications and caricatures. Already in 1883, \"\"Le rire,\"\" an image of a Mona Lisa smoking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9161064",
"chunk_text": "\"Théophile Homolle\"\nof the French School at Athens, during which time, he was in charge of an important excavation at Delphi. From 1904 to 1911 he was director of national museums (Louvre), but was forced to relinquish this position due to the theft of the Mona Lisa in August 1911. After a brief stay at Athens, he returned to Paris, where from 1913 to 1923, he was director of the \"\"Bibliothèque nationale de France\"\" (National Library of France). Théophile Homolle Jean Théophile Homolle (19 December 1848, Paris – 13 June 1925, Paris) was a French archaeologist and classical philologist. From 1869 he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5894150",
"chunk_text": "\"Guillaume Apollinaire\"\nreturned one of the stolen statues to the French newspaper the \"\"Paris-Journal\"\". Apollinaire implicated his friend Picasso, who was also brought in for questioning in the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\", but he was also exonerated. The theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was perpetrated by Vincenzo Peruggia, an Italian house painter who acted alone and was only caught two years later when he tried to sell the painting in Florence. Apollinaire wrote the preface for the first Cubist exposition outside of Paris; \"\"VIII Salon des Indépendants\"\", Brussels, 1911. In an open-handed preface to the catalogue of the Brussels Indépendants show,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2203871",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\ntwo years, Peruggia grew impatient and was caught when he attempted to sell it to directors of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. It was exhibited in the Uffizi Gallery for over two weeks and returned to the Louvre on 4 January 1914. Peruggia served six months in prison for the crime and was hailed for his patriotism in Italy. Before its theft, the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was not widely known outside the art world. It was not until the 1860s that some critics, a thin slice of the French intelligentsia, began to hail it as a masterwork of Renaissance painting. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14970444",
"chunk_text": "\"Louis Béroud\"\nmuseum, and it was confirmed that the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was not with the photographers. The Louvre was closed for an entire week to aid in investigation of the theft. List of some of his works in French national museums: Louis Béroud Louis Béroud (January 17, 1852, Lyon-October 9, 1930, Paris) was a French painter of the late 19th, early 20th century. Some of his paintings are visible at the Musée Carnavalet and The Louvre in Paris. On August 22, 1911, Béroud came to The Louvre to sketch his painting \"\"\"\" but where the famous \"\"La Joconde\"\", by Leonardo da Vinci,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1272432",
"chunk_text": "\"Vincenzo Pipino\"\nVincenzo Pipino Vincenzo Pipino (born 22 July 1943), also known as Encio, is an Italian thief from Venice whose exploits earned him the nickname \"\"the gentleman thief\"\". He is the first person to successfully steal from the Doge's Palace, and has been responsible for some of the most sensational art thefts in the city. During his lifetime, he has committed over 3,000 thefts at museums, galleries, banks, and private residences, 50 thefts of jewelry shops, and stole thousands of kilograms of gold throughout Europe. His activities have resulted in over 300 complaints to police, he has been arrested numerous times,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7241922",
"chunk_text": "\"Beatrice von Dovsky\"\nBeatrice von Dovsky Beatrice von Dovsky (14 November 1866, Vienna – 18 July 1923, Vienna) was an Austrian poet, writer, and actress. She is best known for writing the libretto for Max von Schillings's opera \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" which she presented to the composer in the spring of 1913. The subject was very topical at the time, because the painting by Leonardo da Vinci had been stolen from the Louvre in 1911, and rediscovered in Florence in 1913. The opera premiered successfully at the Staatsoper Stuttgart in September 1915, and, while not part of the standard opera repertory, has been commercially",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2203853",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nportrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, and is in oil on a white Lombardy poplar panel. It had been believed to have been painted between 1503 and 1506; however, Leonardo may have continued working on it as late as 1517. Recent academic work suggests that it would not have been started before 1513. It was acquired by King Francis I of France and is now the property of the French Republic, on permanent display at the Louvre Museum in Paris since 1797. The subject's expression, which is frequently described as enigmatic, the monumentality of the composition,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18469865",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nhad closed. Peruggia was an Italian patriot who believed Leonardo's painting should have been returned for display in an Italian museum. Peruggia may have been motivated by an associate whose copies of the original would significantly rise in value after the painting's theft. A later account suggested Eduardo de Valfierno had been the mastermind of the theft and had commissioned forger Yves Chaudron to create six copies of the painting to sell in the U.S. while the location of the original was unclear. However, the original painting remained in Europe. After having kept the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" in his apartment for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2203866",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nFranco-Prussian War (1870–71) it was moved from the Louvre to the Brest Arsenal. During World War II, \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was again removed from the Louvre and taken safely, first to Château d'Amboise, then to the Loc-Dieu Abbey and Château de Chambord, then finally to the Ingres Museum in Montauban. In December 2015, it was reported that French scientist Pascal Cotte had found a hidden portrait underneath the surface of the painting using reflective light technology. The portrait is an underlying image of a model looking off to the side. Having been given access to the painting by Louvre in 2004,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4530622",
"chunk_text": "\"Lisa del Giocondo\"\nused in more than 300 other paintings and in 2,000 advertisements, appearing at an average of one new advertisement each week. In 2005, an expert at the University Library of Heidelberg discovered a margin note in the library's collection that established with certainty the traditional view that the sitter was Lisa. The note, written by Agostino Vespucci in 1503, states that Leonardo was working on a portrait of Lisa del Giocondo. The \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" has been in custody of France since the 16th century, when it was acquired by King Francis I; after the French Revolution, however, it came into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326270",
"chunk_text": "\"Vincenzo Peruggia\"\nwith banner headlines rejoicing its return and then returned to the Louvre in 1913. While the painting was famous before the theft, the notoriety it received from the newspaper headlines and the large scale police investigation helped the artwork become one of the best known in the world. Peruggia was released from jail after a short time and served in the Italian army during World War I. He later married, had one daughter, Celestina, returned to France, and continued to work as a painter decorator using his birth name Pietro Peruggia. He died on October 8, 1925 (his 44th birthday)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9426046",
"chunk_text": "\"Art theft\"\nof looting art for sale or for removal to museums in the Third Reich. Hermann Göring, head of the Luftwaffe, personally took charge of hundreds of valuable pieces, generally stolen from Jews and other victims of the Holocaust. In early 2011, about 1,500 art masterpieces, assumed to have been stolen by the Nazis during and before World War II, were confiscated from a private home in Munich, Germany. The confiscation was not made public until November 2013. With an estimated value of $1 billion, their discovery is considered \"\"astounding,\"\" and includes works by Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Marc Chagall, Paul",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1459424",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa\"\nthe world, but until the 20th century it was simply one among many highly regarded artworks. Once part of King Francis I of France's collection, the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was among the first artworks to be exhibited in Louvre, which became a national museum after the French Revolution. From the 19th century Leonardo began to be revered as a genius and the painting's popularity grew from the mid-19th century when French intelligentsia developed a theme that it was mysterious and a representation of the femme fatale. The Baedeker guide in 1878 called it \"\"the most celebrated work of Leonardo in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18238177",
"chunk_text": "\"La Coiffeuse\"\nLa Coiffeuse La Coiffeuse is a painting by Pablo Picasso. The painting was done by Pablo Picasso in 1911. It is 33x46 centimetre (or 13x18 inch). The painting was donated to the French state. It was last exhibited in Berlin, Germany, in 1998. It was then stored at the Centre Pompidou in Paris. However, it was stolen in 2001. In December 2014, it was sent via FedEx from Belgium to the United States with a customs indication as a Christmas present. Upon its arrival, it was seized by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in Newark, New Jersey. By August 2015,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20790380",
"chunk_text": "\"Maximum Boy\"\ncalled to tell Max that a thief had stolen four of the worlds' greatest treasures—the Mona Lisa painting by Leonardo da Vinci in the Louvre museum in Paris; the Hope Diamond at New York's museum of Natural History, on loan from the Smithsonian; the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London; and a billion dollars in gold bullion at Fort Knox in Kentucky. Max went to his house to see how his family was. They weren't frozen anymore. Max returned to his school, and his teacher told him that he missed out on the excitement—the whole world had been frozen.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5894149",
"chunk_text": "\"Guillaume Apollinaire\"\nLarionov and Picasso. In 1911 he joined the Puteaux Group, a branch of the Cubist movement soon to be known as the Section d'Or. The opening address of the 1912 Salon de la Section d'Or—the most important pre-World War I Cubist exhibition—was given by Apollinaire. On 7 September 1911, police arrested and jailed him on suspicion of aiding and abetting the theft of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" and a number of Egyptian statuettes from the Louvre, but released him a week later. The theft of the statues was committed by a former secretary of Apollinaire, Honoré Joseph Géry Pieret, who had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3753928",
"chunk_text": "\"Le pigeon aux petits pois\"\npainting is shown in James Bond's movie \"\"Spectre\"\" at the wall in Oberhausers Moroccan lair. Le pigeon aux petits pois Les pigeon aux petit pois (\"\"Pigeons with peas\"\") is a 1911 painting by Pablo Picasso. It was one of five paintings stolen from the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris on 20 May 2010, which together are worth about €100 million ($123 million). The thief and his sponsor were found the following year, and the latter has declared that he was seized by panic after a police raid and a phone call by the police, and put the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16901268",
"chunk_text": "\"Saint-Maur-des-Fossés\"\nof religion. After the Revolution, the official name of the commune was simply Saint-Maur; it is only in 1897 that \"\"des-Fossés\"\" was re-added to the name, probably to conform to the historical name and also to distinguish Saint-Maur-des-Fossés from other communes of France also called Saint-Maur. In 1924, a few vestiges of the abbey were collected in the newly established Musée du vieux Saint-Maur. Vincenzo Peruggia, an Italian thief who stole the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" on 21 August 1911, died in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. Philippe Diolé (1908 – 1977), diver, writer and explorer, was born in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. Manu Katché (born 27 October 1958",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5040615",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa (Prado's version)\"\nMona Lisa (Prado's version) The copy of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" is a painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's famous \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" (which is held by the Louvre Museum, Paris). The copy painting has been displayed in the Museo del Prado in Madrid (Spain) since 1819, but was considered for decades a worthless copy. However, after its restoration in 2012, the Prado's \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was claimed to be the earliest replica of Leonardo's masterpiece. Although there are dozens of surviving replicas of \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" from the 16th and 17th centuries, the \"\"Prado's Mona Lisa\"\" is said to be,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8056862",
"chunk_text": "\"I, Mona Lisa\"\nI, Mona Lisa I, Mona Lisa (UK title Painting Mona Lisa) is a historical novel by Jeanne Kalogridis about Lisa Gherardini, the model for Leonardo da Vinci's painting \"\"Mona Lisa\"\". Lisa is portrayed as a young Italian woman who learns about the murder of Giuliano de' Medici, the brother of Lorenzo de' Medici in the Pazzi conspiracy. Guiliano's murder casts a shadow, especially as one of the killers has not been found. She later falls in love with Giuliano's namesake, Lorenzo's son Giuliano in the aftermath of Girolamo Savonarola's uprising in the late 15th century. It's an intricately woven tale",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "972449",
"chunk_text": "\"Eduardo de Valfierno\"\n\"\"Mona Lisa\"\". The forgeries were then shipped to around the world, readying them for the buyers he had lined up. Valfierno knew once the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" was stolen it would be harder to smuggle copies past customs. After the heist the copies were delivered to their buyers, each thinking they had the original which had been stolen for them. Because Valfierno wanted to sell forgeries, he only needed the original \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" to disappear and never contacted Peruggia again after the crime. Eventually Peruggia was caught trying to sell the painting. It was returned to the Louvre in 1913. Peruggia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6502571",
"chunk_text": "\"Yves Chaudron\"\nby reporter Karl Decker, in the \"\"Saturday Evening Post\"\"s “Why and How the Mona Lisa Was Stolen,” June 25, 1932.' According to Decker, Valfierno had provided details of the theft in confidence; to be published only after his death. According to that account, in 1910, Valfierno had conspired with Chaudron to steal the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" and produce copies of the painting which would then be sold to private buyers as the genuine painting. The plan had been to sell each copy as the \"\"original\"\" while the location of the real painting was unknown. Chaudron, \"\"spent the winter of 1910 creating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17306761",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations\"\nembellishment. \"\"Sapeck\"\" (Eugène Bataille), in 1883, depicted \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" smoking a pipe (\"\"shown above\"\"). Titled \"\"Le Rire\"\" (The Laugh), the artwork was displayed at the \"\"Incoherents\"\" exhibition in Paris at the time of its creation, making it among the earliest known instances of \"\"Mona Lisa\"\"'s image being re-interpreted using contemporary irony. Further interpretations by avante garde artists beginning in the early 20th century, coinciding with the artwork's theft, attest to \"\"Mona Lisa\"\"'s popularity as an irresistible target. Dadaists and Surrealists were quick to modify, embellish and caricature \"\"Mona Lisa\"\"'s visage. Marcel Duchamp, among the most influential artists of his generation,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10081657",
"chunk_text": "\"Mona Lisa (Prado's version)\"\nla Almedina or Hernando de los Llanos. The painting cannot be considered as a typical workshop copy due to its careful and thorough execution, as well as its use of materials such as lapis lazuli or red lacquer. Mona Lisa (Prado's version) The copy of the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" is a painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's famous \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" (which is held by the Louvre Museum, Paris). The copy painting has been displayed in the Museo del Prado in Madrid (Spain) since 1819, but was considered for decades a worthless copy. However, after its restoration in 2012,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4530623",
"chunk_text": "\"Lisa del Giocondo\"\nthe possession of the people. Today about six million people visit the painting each year at the Louvre in Paris, where it is part of a French national collection. Lisa del Giocondo Lisa del Giocondo (; née Gherardini ; June 15, 1479 – July 15, 1542) was an Italian noblewoman, member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany. Her name was given to the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\", her portrait commissioned by her husband and painted by Leonardo da Vinci during the Italian Renaissance. Little is known about Lisa's life. Born in Florence and married in her teens to a cloth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16291650",
"chunk_text": "\"Vito Scotti\"\nthe 1959 episode \"\"Deadly Tintype\"\" of the NBC Western series, \"\"The Californians\"\". In 1963, Scotti was cast as the Italian farmer Vincenzo Perugia in the episode \"\"The Tenth Mona Lisa\"\" of the CBS anthology series, \"\"General Electric True\"\", hosted by Jack Webb. In the episode, Perugia in 1911 steals the \"\"Mona Lisa\"\" from the Louvre museum in Paris but is apprehended by a French detective when he attempts to unload the painting on an art dealer. He also appeared in television series, such as \"\"How to Marry a Millionaire\"\" (as Jules in the 1958 episode \"\"Loco and the Gambler\"\"), in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3311906",
"chunk_text": "Louvre\nto a monastery.; this territory probably did not correspond exactly to the modern site, however. The Louvre Palace was altered frequently throughout the Middle Ages. In the 14th century, Charles V converted the building into a residence and in 1546, Francis I renovated the site in French Renaissance style. Francis acquired what would become the nucleus of the Louvre's holdings, his acquisitions including Leonardo da Vinci's \"\"Mona Lisa\"\". After Louis XIV chose Versailles as his residence in 1682, constructions slowed; however, the move permitted the Louvre to be used as a residence for artists, under Royal patronage. Four generations of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_469
|
when was the last time stock market crashed?
|
n/a
|
[
"27 Oct 1997",
"18 August 2015"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16311322",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market\"\nbonds and other elements of the market. There have been a number of famous stock market crashes like the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the stock market crash of 1973–4, the Black Monday of 1987, the Dot-com bubble of 2000, and the Stock Market Crash of 2008. One of the most famous stock market crashes started October 24, 1929, on Black Thursday. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 50% during this stock market crash. It was the beginning of the Great Depression. Another famous crash took place on October 19, 1987 – Black Monday. The crash began in Hong Kong",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18378176",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nStock market crash A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a significant cross-section of a stock market, resulting in a significant loss of paper wealth. Crashes are driven by panic as much as by underlying economic factors. They often follow speculative stock market bubbles. Stock market crashes are social phenomena where external economic events combine with crowd behavior and psychology in a positive feedback loop where selling by some market participants drives more market participants to sell. Generally speaking, crashes usually occur under the following conditions: a prolonged period of rising stock prices and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6610092",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Flash Crash\"\n2010 Flash Crash The May 6, 2010, Flash Crash, also known as the Crash of 2:45, the 2010 Flash Crash or simply the Flash Crash, was a United States trillion-dollar stock market crash, which started at 2:32 p.m. EDT and lasted for approximately 36 minutes. Stock indexes, such as the S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrial Average and Nasdaq Composite, collapsed and rebounded very rapidly. The Dow Jones Industrial Average had its second biggest intraday point drop (from the opening) up to that point, plunging 998.5 points (about 9%), most within minutes, only to recover a large part of the loss.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123728",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nfor the 19 largest markets in the world averaged 296 percent during this period. The average number of shares traded on the NYSE(New York Stock Exchange) had risen from 65 million shares to 181 million shares. The crash on October 19, 1987, a date that is also known as Black Monday, was the climactic culmination of a market decline that had begun five days before on October 14. The DJIA fell 3.81 percent on October 14, followed by another 4.60 percent drop on Friday, October 16. On Black Monday, the Dow Jones Industrials Average plummeted 508 points, losing 22.6% of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123727",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nfrom the September high. The markets rallied in succeeding months, but it was a temporary recovery that led unsuspecting investors into further losses. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 89% of its value before finally bottoming out in July 1932. The crash was followed by the Great Depression, the worst economic crisis of modern times, which plagued the stock market and Wall Street throughout the 1930s. The mid-1980s were a time of strong economic optimism. From August 1982 to its peak in August 1987, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) grew from 776 to 2722. The rise in market indices",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18378178",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nlosses in a stock market index over a period of several days. Crashes are often distinguished from bear markets by panic selling and abrupt, dramatic price declines. Bear markets are periods of declining stock market prices that are measured in months or years. Crashes are often associated with bear markets, however, they do not necessarily go hand in hand. The crash of 1987, for example, did not lead to a bear market. Likewise, the Japanese bear market of the 1990s occurred over several years without any notable crashes. Tulip Mania (in the mid-1630s) is often considered to be the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1849146",
"chunk_text": "\"Wall Street Crash of 1929\"\nWall Street Crash of 1929 The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Stock Market Crash of 1929 or the Great Crash, is the stock market crash that occurred in late October, 1929. It started on October 24 (\"\"Black Thursday\"\") and continued until October 29, 1929 (\"\"Black Tuesday\"\"), when share prices on the New York Stock Exchange collapsed. It was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States, when taking into consideration the full extent and duration of its after effects. The crash, which followed the London Stock Exchange's crash of September, signalled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16311312",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market\"\ncrash in 1987, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average plummeted 22.6 percent—the largest-ever one-day fall in the United States. This event demonstrated that share prices can fall dramatically even though no generally agreed upon definite cause has been found: a thorough search failed to detect \"\"any\"\" 'reasonable' development that might have accounted for the crash. (Note that such events are predicted to occur strictly by chance, although very rarely.) It seems also to be the case more generally that many price movements (beyond that which are predicted to occur 'randomly') are \"\"not\"\" occasioned by new information; a study of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16311323",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market\"\nand quickly spread around the world. By the end of October, stock markets in Hong Kong had fallen 45.5%, Australia 41.8%, Spain 31%, the United Kingdom 26.4%, the United States 22.68%, and Canada 22.5%. Black Monday itself was the largest one-day percentage decline in stock market history – the Dow Jones fell by 22.6% in a day. The names \"\"Black Monday\"\" and \"\"Black Tuesday\"\" are also used for October 28–29, 1929, which followed Terrible Thursday—the starting day of the stock market crash in 1929. The crash in 1987 raised some puzzles – main news and events did not predict the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123736",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nBlack Monday in 1987. The fall that week of 21% compared to a 28.3% fall 21 years earlier, but some traders were saying it was worse. \"\"At least then it was a short, sharp, shock on one day. This has been relentless all week.\"\" Business Week also referred to the crisis as a \"\"stock market crash\"\" or the \"\"Panic of 2008\"\". From October 6–10 the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) closed lower in all five sessions. Volume levels were record-breaking. The DJIA fell over 1,874 points, or 18%, in its worst weekly decline ever on both a points and percentage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123739",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nits kind in human history.\"\" By March 6, 2009 the DJIA had dropped 54% to 6,469 (before beginning to recover) from its peak of 14,164 on October 9, 2007, over a span of 17 months. One mitigation strategy has been the introduction of trading curbs, also known as \"\"circuit breakers\"\", which are a trading halt in the cash market and the corresponding trading halt in the derivative markets triggered by the halt in the cash market, all of which are affected based on substantial movements in a broad market indicator. Since their inception, circuit breakers have been modified to prevent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11112164",
"chunk_text": "\"Financial crisis\"\nHowever, it is difficult to predict whether an asset's price actually equals its fundamental value, so it is hard to detect bubbles reliably. Some economists insist that bubbles never or almost never occur. Well-known examples of bubbles (or purported bubbles) and crashes in stock prices and other asset prices include the 17th century Dutch tulip mania, the 18th century South Sea Bubble, the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Japanese property bubble of the 1980s, the crash of the dot-com bubble in 2000–2001, and the now-deflating United States housing bubble. The 2000s sparked a real estate bubble where housing prices",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16455242",
"chunk_text": "\"Flash crash\"\nFlash crash A flash crash is a very rapid, deep, and volatile fall in security prices occurring within an extremely short time period. A flash crash frequently stems from trades executed by black-box trading, combined with high-frequency trading, whose speed and interconnectedness can result in the loss and recovery of billions of dollars in a matter of minutes and seconds. Four notable flash crashes have occurred : This type of event occurred on May 6, 2010. A $4.1 billion trade on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) resulted in a loss to the Dow Jones Industrial Average of over 1,000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6426305",
"chunk_text": "\"Dow Jones Industrial Average\"\n4, 2018. However, on February 2, 2018, the Dow suffered its biggest loss since Brexit on June 24, 2016. As volatility made its return for next week, the largest intraday point drop of 1,597.08 points and largest closing point drop of 1,175.21 points were both set on February 5, 2018 although percentage changes were not as extreme as some past stock market crashes. Spring and summer brought much-needed relief for the Dow as the index eventually soared to new highs. By \"\"fall\"\", the Dow began falling tremendously again for two major reasons: fear of sudden spikes in interest rates by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123730",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\na pathological condition where the bid price for a stock exceeded the ask price. These \"\"locked\"\" conditions severely curtailed trading. On October 19, trading in Microsoft shares on the NASDAQ lasted a total of 54 minutes. The Crash was the greatest single-day loss that Wall Street had ever suffered in continuous trading up to that point. Between the start of trading on October 14 to the close on October 19, the DJIA lost 760 points, a decline of over 31 percent. The 1987 Crash was a worldwide phenomenon. The FTSE 100 Index lost 10.8% on that Monday and a further",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123732",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nregained all of the value it had lost in the 1987 crash. The Dow Jones Industrial Average gained six-tenths of a percent during the calendar year 1987. No definitive conclusions have been reached on the reasons behind the 1987 Crash. Stocks had been in a multi-year bull run and market P/E ratios in the U.S. were above the post-war average. The S&P 500 was trading at 23 times earnings, a postwar high and well above the average of 14.5 times earnings. Herd behavior and psychological feedback loops play a critical part in all stock market crashes but analysts have also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123735",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nMonetary Fund in November. In the United States, 15 banks failed in 2008, while several others were rescued through government intervention or acquisitions by other banks. On October 11, 2008, the head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned that the world financial system was teetering on the \"\"brink of systemic meltdown\"\". The economic crisis caused countries to close their markets temporarily. On October 8, the Indonesian stock market halted trading, after a 10% drop in one day. \"\"The Times\"\" of London reported that the meltdown was being called the \"\"Crash of 2008\"\", and older traders were comparing it with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123721",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nmarket index, calculating the returns over a five-year period. Researchers continue to study this theory, particularly using computer simulation of crowd behaviour, and the applicability of models to reproduce crash-like phenomena. Research at the New England Complex Systems Institute has found warning signs of crashes using new statistical analysis tools of complexity theory. This work suggests that the panics that lead to crashes come from increased mimicry in the market. A dramatic increase in market mimicry occurred during the whole year before each market crash of the past 25 years, including the recent financial crisis. When investors closely follow each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123734",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\ntriggered whenever a large pre-defined market decline occurs during the trading day. On September 16, 2008, failures of massive financial institutions in the United States, due primarily to exposure to packaged subprime loans and credit default swaps issued to insure these loans and their issuers, rapidly devolved into a global crisis. This resulted in a number of bank failures in Europe and sharp reductions in the value of stocks and commodities worldwide. The failure of banks in Iceland resulted in a devaluation of the Icelandic króna and threatened the government with bankruptcy. Iceland obtained an emergency loan from the International",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16311321",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market\"\nis often defined as a sharp dip in share prices of stocks listed on the stock exchanges. In parallel with various economic factors, a reason for stock market crashes is also due to panic and investing public's loss of confidence. Often, stock market crashes end speculative economic bubbles. There have been famous stock market crashes that have ended in the loss of billions of dollars and wealth destruction on a massive scale. An increasing number of people are involved in the stock market, especially since the social security and retirement plans are being increasingly privatized and linked to stocks and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8373172",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Monday (1987)\"\non October 24, which started the Stock Market Crash of 1929. In late 1985 and early 1986, the United States economy shifted from a rapid recovery from the early 1980s recession to a slower expansion, resulting in a brief \"\"soft landing\"\" period as the economy slowed and inflation dropped. The stock market advanced significantly, with the Dow peaking in August 1987 at 2,722 points, or 44% over the previous year's closing of 1,895 points. Further financial uncertainty may have resulted from the collapse of OPEC in early 1986, which led to a crude oil price decrease of more than 50%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5231848",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market downturn of 2002\"\nStock market downturn of 2002 In 2001, stock prices took a sharp downturn (some say \"\"stock market crash\"\" or \"\"the Internet bubble bursting\"\") in stock markets across the United States, Canada, Asia, and Europe. After recovering from lows reached following the September 11 attacks, indices slid steadily starting in March 2002, with dramatic declines in July and September leading to lows last reached in 1997 and 1998. The U.S. dollar declined steadily against the euro, reaching a 1-to-1 valuation not seen since the euro's introduction. This downturn can be viewed as part of a larger bear market or correction that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14755873",
"chunk_text": "\"Dot-com bubble\"\nDot-com bubble The Nasdaq Composite stock market index, which included many Internet-based companies, peaked in value on March 10, 2000 before crashing. The burst of the bubble, known as the dot-com crash, lasted from March 11, 2000 to October 9, 2002. During the crash, many online shopping companies, such as Pets.com, Webvan, and Boo.com, as well as communication companies, such as Worldcom, NorthPoint Communications and Global Crossing failed and shut down. Others, such as Cisco, whose stock declined by 86%, and Qualcomm, lost a large portion of their market capitalization but survived, and some companies, such as eBay and Amazon.com,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8373180",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Monday (1987)\"\nto all prominent market products. They also developed new rules, known as \"\"trading curbs\"\" or colloquially as circuit breakers, allowing exchanges to temporarily halt trading in instances of exceptionally large price declines in some indexes; for instance, the DJIA. Black Monday (1987) In finance, Black Monday refers to Monday, October 19, 1987, when stock markets around the world crashed. The crash began in Hong Kong and spread west to Europe, hitting the United States after other markets had already sustained significant declines. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) fell exactly 508 points to 1,738.74 (22.61%). In Australia and New Zealand,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "549172",
"chunk_text": "\"Spoofing (finance)\"\nbuy and sell orders every millisecond (\"\"quote stuffing\"\") — which he witnessed when placing trades at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). Sarao claimed that he made his choices to buy and sell based on opportunity and intuition and did not consider himself to be one of the HFTs. The 2010 Flash Crash was a United States trillion-dollar stock market crash, in which the \"\"S&P 500, the Nasdaq 100, and the Russell 2000 collapsed and rebounded with extraordinary velocity.\"\" Dow Jones Industrial Average \"\"experienced the biggest intraday point decline in its entire history,\"\" plunging 998.5 points (about 9%), most within minutes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6435502",
"chunk_text": "\"NASDAQ Composite\"\n31, 2007, the highest point reached on the index since January 24, 2001. High energy prices and the possibility of recession dropped the NASDAQ into a bear market in early 2008, which was recognized on February 6 when the NASDAQ closed below the 2,300 level, about 20% below the recent highs. Furthermore, the failure of Lehman Brothers in September brought world financial markets into turmoil. The NASDAQ was no exception, experiencing record levels of market volatility. On September 29, 2008, the NASDAQ dropped nearly 200 points, the most since the tech bubble burst, losing 9.14% (third largest in history) to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123791",
"chunk_text": "\"Market trend\"\ndownward movement that is not large enough to be a bear market (ex post). Another type of secondary trend is called a bear market rally (sometimes called \"\"sucker's rally\"\" or \"\"dead cat bounce\"\") which consists of a market-price increase of only 10% or 20% before the prevailing, bear-market trend resumes. Bear market rallies occurred in the Dow Jones index after the 1929 stock market crash, leading down to the market bottom in 1932, and throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. The Japanese Nikkei 225 has tracked a number of bear-market rallies since the late 1980s while experiencing an overall",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20294981",
"chunk_text": "\"Global financial crisis in October 2008\"\n10, stock markets crashed across Europe and Asia. London, Paris and Frankfurt dropped 10% within an hour of trading and again when Wall Street opened for trading. Global markets have experienced their worst weeks since 1987 and some indices, S&P 500, since the Wall Street Crash of 1929. On October 10, within the first five minutes of the trading session on Wall Street, the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 697 points, falling below 7900 to its lowest level since March 17, 2003. Later in the afternoon, the Dow made violent swings back and forth across the breakeven line, toppling as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13418664",
"chunk_text": "\"October 27, 1997, mini-crash\"\nOctober 27, 1997, mini-crash The October 27, 1997, mini-crash is a global stock market crash that was caused by an economic crisis in Asia or \"\"Tom Yum Goong crisis\"\" (Thai: วิกฤตต้มยำกุ้ง). The point loss that the Dow Jones Industrial Average suffered on this day currently ranks as the 20th biggest point loss and 15th biggest percentage loss since the Dow's creation in 1896. This crash is considered a \"\"mini-crash\"\" because the percentage loss was relatively small compared to some other notable crashes. After the crash, the markets still remained positive for 1997, but the \"\"mini-crash\"\" may be considered as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10120096",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crashes in India\"\nmore than 10% between the high on a day and the low on the next trading day\"\" or \"\"decline in the NIFTY of more than 9% within a span of 5 days\"\". As per the latter definition, the Nifty experienced 15 crashes during the period 2000 to 2008 with a number of them having occurred in the months of January, May and June 2008. As per the Business Standard, India experienced its first stock market crash in 1865. Although the Bombay stock exchange had not yet been formed, Gujrati and Parsi traders often traded shares mutually at the junction of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8373171",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Monday (1987)\"\nBlack Monday (1987) In finance, Black Monday refers to Monday, October 19, 1987, when stock markets around the world crashed. The crash began in Hong Kong and spread west to Europe, hitting the United States after other markets had already sustained significant declines. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) fell exactly 508 points to 1,738.74 (22.61%). In Australia and New Zealand, the 1987 crash is also referred to as \"\"Black Tuesday\"\" because of the time zone difference. The terms \"\"Black Monday\"\" and \"\"Black Tuesday\"\" are also respectively applied to October 28 and October 29, 1929, which occurred after Black Thursday",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123724",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nadvances, like Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and General Motors, saw their stocks soar. Financial corporations also did well, as Wall Street bankers floated mutual fund companies (then known as investment trusts) like the Goldman Sachs Trading Corporation. Investors were infatuated with the returns available in the stock market, especially by the use of leverage through margin debt. On August 24, 1921, the Dow Jones Industrial Average stood at a value of 63.9. By September 3, 1929, it had risen more than sixfold, touching 381.2. It would not regain this level for another 25 years. By the summer of 1929,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15891132",
"chunk_text": "Recession\nended. The National Bureau of Economic Research announced on 20 September 2010 that the 2008/2009 recession ended in June 2009, making it the longest recession since World War II. Many other countries, particularly in Europe, have undergone negative GDP growth. Some countries have been able to avoid a recession but have still experienced slower economic activity, such as China. India and Australia were able to maintain positive growth throughout the late-2000s recession. China had their stock market crash, which began with the popping of the stock market bubble on 12 July 2015. Recession In economics, a recession is a business",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5231855",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market downturn of 2002\"\ntrillion. To put the downturn of 2002 in perspective, here is a look at annual U.S. stock market declines in 2000, 2001, and 2002: Here is a historical view of the stock market downturn of 2002 including figures from the stock market bubble of the late 1990s: NB: Registration required for all links Stock market downturn of 2002 In 2001, stock prices took a sharp downturn (some say \"\"stock market crash\"\" or \"\"the Internet bubble bursting\"\") in stock markets across the United States, Canada, Asia, and Europe. After recovering from lows reached following the September 11 attacks, indices slid steadily",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14058484",
"chunk_text": "\"New York Stock Exchange\"\n(684 points), after a week, it dropped by 14% (1370 points). An estimated of $1.4 trillion was lost within five days of trading. The NYSE was only 5 blocks from Ground Zero. On May 6, 2010, the Dow Jones Industrial Average posted its largest intraday percentage drop since the October 19, 1987, crash, with a 998-point loss later being called the 2010 Flash Crash (as the drop occurred in minutes before rebounding). The SEC and CFTC published a report on the event, although it did not come to a conclusion as to the cause. The regulators found no evidence that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123725",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nit was clear that the economy was contracting, and the stock market went through a series of unsettling price declines. These declines fed investor anxiety, and events came to a head on October 24, 28, and 29 (known respectively as Black Thursday, Black Monday, and Black Tuesday). On Black Monday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 38.33 points to 260, a drop of 12.8%. The deluge of selling overwhelmed the ticker tape system that normally gave investors the current prices of their shares. Telephone lines and telegraphs were clogged and were unable to cope. This information vacuum only led to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6610097",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Flash Crash\"\nof 1993–2011. They show that breakdowns in market quality (such as flash crashes) have occurred in every year they examined and that, apart from the financial crisis, such problems have declined since the introduction of Reg NMS. They also show that 2010, while infamous for the Flash Crash, was not a year with an inordinate number of breakdowns in market quality. On May 6, 2010, U.S. stock markets opened and the Dow was down, and trended that way for most of the day on worries about the debt crisis in Greece. At 2:42 p.m., with the Dow down more than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9308549",
"chunk_text": "\"Rally (stock market)\"\nare often short-lived. Notable bear market rallies occurred in the Dow Jones index after the 1929 stock market crash leading down to the market bottom in 1932, and throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. The Japanese Nikkei 225 has been typified by a number of bear market rallies since the late 1980s while experiencing an overall long-term downward trend. Rally (stock market) A rally is a period of sustained increases in the prices of stocks, bonds or indexes. This type of price movement can happen during either a bull or a bear market, when it is known as either",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123723",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nrose gradually up to October, and thereafter crashed, leading to panic. A number of investment trusts and banks that had invested their money in the stock market fell and started to close down. Further bank runs were prevented due to the intervention of J.P.Morgan. The panic continued to 1908 finally and led to the formation of the Federal reserve in 1913. The economy had been growing for most of the Roaring Twenties. It was a technological golden age, as innovations such as the radio, automobile, aviation, telephone, and the power grid were deployed and adopted. Companies that had pioneered these",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123720",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\nthat started the avalanche'. Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology suggests that there is evidence the frequency of stock market crashes follows an inverse cubic power law. This and other studies such as Prof. Didier Sornette's work suggest that stock market crashes are a sign of self-organized criticality in financial markets. In 1963, Mandelbrot proposed that instead of following a strict random walk, stock price variations executed a Lévy flight. A Lévy flight is a random walk that is occasionally disrupted by large movements. In 1995, Rosario Mantegna and Gene Stanley analyzed a million records of the S&P 500",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6435498",
"chunk_text": "\"NASDAQ Composite\"\nthe first Internet bubble, and subsequently fell to a low of 1,108.49 on October 10, 2002 when the bubble burst. On April 23, 2015, after over 15 years, the index made a new closing high of 5,056.06. On June 18, 2015, the index made a new all-time high of 5,143.32, finally surpassing the high made during the tech bubble. On January 17, 2018, the Nasdaq finally achieved a new inflation-adjusted closing high from March 10, 2000. The NASDAQ-100, whose components are a subset of the NASDAQ Composite's, accounts for over 90% of the NASDAQ Composite's movement, and there are many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13418672",
"chunk_text": "\"October 27, 1997, mini-crash\"\nrecovery. Here are a few other instances: October 27, 1997, mini-crash The October 27, 1997, mini-crash is a global stock market crash that was caused by an economic crisis in Asia or \"\"Tom Yum Goong crisis\"\" (Thai: วิกฤตต้มยำกุ้ง). The point loss that the Dow Jones Industrial Average suffered on this day currently ranks as the 20th biggest point loss and 15th biggest percentage loss since the Dow's creation in 1896. This crash is considered a \"\"mini-crash\"\" because the percentage loss was relatively small compared to some other notable crashes. After the crash, the markets still remained positive for 1997, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18351194",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Flash Crash\"\ndecline in a roughly 15-minute span at approximately 2:45 p.m., on May 6, 2010) before a partial rebound. Temporarily, $1 trillion in market value disappeared. While stock markets do crash, immediate rebounds are unprecedented. The stocks of eight major companies in the S&P 500 fell to one cent per share for a short time, including Accenture, CenterPoint Energy and Exelon; while other stocks, including Sotheby's, Apple Inc. and Hewlett-Packard, increased in value to over $100,000 in price. Procter & Gamble in particular dropped nearly 37% before rebounding, within minutes, back to near its original levels. The drop in P&G was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5123731",
"chunk_text": "\"Stock market crash\"\n12.2% the following day. In the month of October, all major world markets declined substantially. The least affected was Austria (a fall of 11.4%) while the most affected was Hong Kong with a drop of 45.8%. Out of 23 major industrial countries, 19 had a decline greater than 20%. Despite fears of a repeat of the 1930s Depression, the market rallied immediately after the crash, posting a record one-day gain of 102.27 the very next day and 186.64 points on Thursday October 22. It took only two years for the Dow to recover completely; by September 1989, the market had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7712076",
"chunk_text": "\"S&P 500 Index\"\ngreatest since 1931, when the broad market declined more than 50%. The index closed the year at 903.25, for a loss of 38.5%. The market continued to decline in early 2009, surrounding the financial crisis of 2008. The index reached a nearly 13-year low, closing at 676.53, on March 9, 2009. The entire drop from high in Oct 2007 to low in Mar 2009 was 57.7%, the largest since WWII. On March 23, 2009, the S&P 500 marked a 20% gain when it hit 822.92. The Dow Jones Industrial Average soon followed. The close for 2009 was 1,115.10, making it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14755891",
"chunk_text": "\"Dot-com bubble\"\nranked at the top of the Fortune 500. In a 2015 book, venture capitalist Fred Wilson, who funded dot-com companies and lost 90% of his net worth when the bubble burst, said about the dot-com bubble: Dot-com bubble The Nasdaq Composite stock market index, which included many Internet-based companies, peaked in value on March 10, 2000 before crashing. The burst of the bubble, known as the dot-com crash, lasted from March 11, 2000 to October 9, 2002. During the crash, many online shopping companies, such as Pets.com, Webvan, and Boo.com, as well as communication companies, such as Worldcom, NorthPoint Communications",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6426280",
"chunk_text": "\"Dow Jones Industrial Average\"\nCrash came just 2½ months later on November 13, 1929, when intra-day it was at the 195.35 level, closing slightly higher at 198.69. For the decade, the Dow would end off with a healthy 131.7% gain, from 107.23 points at the beginning of 1920, to a level of 248.48 points at the end of 1929, just before the Crash of 1929. Marked by global instability and the Great Depression, the 1930s contended with several consequential European and Asian outbreaks of war, leading up to catastrophic World War II in 1939. Other conflicts during the decade which affected the stock market",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18378250",
"chunk_text": "\"Market trend\"\nsecular bull market the prevailing trend is \"\"bullish\"\" or upward-moving. The United States stock market was described as being in a secular bull market from about 1983 to 2000 (or 2007), with brief upsets including the crash of 1987 and the market collapse of 2000–2002 triggered by the dot-com bubble. In a secular bear market, the prevailing trend is \"\"bearish\"\" or downward-moving. An example of a secular bear market occurred in gold between January 1980 to June 1999, culminating with the Brown Bottom. During this period the nominal gold price fell from a high of $850/oz ($30/g) to a low",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10937618",
"chunk_text": "\"1973–74 stock market crash\"\nlevel until May 1987 (only a few months before the Black Monday crash), whilst the United States didn't see the same level in real terms until August 1993, over twenty years after the 1973–74 crash began. The Hong Kong TVB series \"\"The Greed of Man\"\" storyline revolves around the market crash. 1973–74 stock market crash The 1973–74 stock market crash caused a bear market between January 1973 and December 1974. Affecting all the major stock markets in the world, particularly the United Kingdom, it was one of the worst stock market downturns in modern history. The crash came after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5020249",
"chunk_text": "\"Great Moderation\"\nfailure of Continental Illinois Bank in 1984, the stock market crash of 1987, the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management in 1998, and the dot-com crash in 2000 — that happened during the Great Moderation to show that the U.S. economy was not just experiencing good luck. However, Stock and Watson used a four variable vector autoregression model to analyze output volatility and concluded that stability increased due to economic good luck. Stock and Watson believed that it was pure luck that the economy didn’t react violently to the economic shocks during the Great Moderation.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_470
|
who sings far from the home i love in fiddler on the roof?
|
n/a
|
[
"Hodel"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12734162",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof (film)\"\nto start a revolution, was extended in the film. A new song sung by Perchik was recorded (\"\"Any Day Now\"\"), but was omitted from the final print; however, it was included in the 2004 reissue of the soundtrack. When the film was re-released to theaters in 1979, 32 minutes were cut, including the songs \"\"Far from the Home I Love\"\" and \"\"Anatevka\"\". In the film, Tevye and Lazar Wolf discuss Wolf's proposed marriage to Tzeitel in Wolf's home, while in the stage version, the two meet in a tavern. The film shows Wolf's home as filled with golden artifacts. Prior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6583526",
"chunk_text": "\"Michele Marsh (actress)\"\nhim—another break with tradition—the couple tells Tevye that they do not seek his permission to marry, only his blessing. When Perchik is exiled to Siberia, Hodel leaves home to join him. Marsh is one of the singers of \"\"Matchmaker, Matchmaker\"\" and performs the solo \"\"Far From the Home I Love\"\". After completing \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\", Marsh moved to Los Angeles and appeared mainly in television and in West Coast theatre. Marsh lives in Idyllwild, California, with her third husband, Peter Szabadi, a retired litigation attorney. They married in 2005. Her first husband was Van Cade Marsh, Jr.; they married",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12734144",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof (film)\"\nFiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a 1971 American musical comedy-drama film produced and directed by Norman Jewison. It is an adaptation of the 1964 Broadway musical of the same name, with music composed by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and screenplay by Joseph Stein and based on stories by Sholem Aleichem. Starring Topol, Norma Crane, Leonard Frey, Molly Picon, and Paul Mann, the film centers on Tevye, the father of five daughters, and his attempts to maintain his Jewish religious and cultural traditions as outside influences encroach upon the family's lives. He must cope",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603190",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nFiddler on the Roof Fiddler on the Roof is a musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in the Pale of Settlement of Imperial Russia in 1905. It is based on \"\"Tevye and his Daughters\"\" (or \"\"Tevye the Dairyman\"\") and other tales by Sholem Aleichem. The story centers on Tevye, the father of five daughters, and his attempts to maintain his Jewish religious and cultural traditions as outside influences encroach upon the family's lives. He must cope both with the strong-willed actions of his three older daughters, who wish to marry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13865629",
"chunk_text": "\"Do You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof)\"\nDo You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof) \"\"Do You Love Me?\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". It is performed by Tevye and his wife Golde. Chaim Topol explained: Tevye and Golde's daughters choose men they love as marital partners. As they themselves had an arranged marriage, Tevye asks Golde if she actually loves him. Southern light Opera explains \"\"‘Do you love me’ sums up the confusion in Tevye’s mind as times change\"\". Culture in Northern Ireland described it as \"\"lovely\"\". According to \"\"The Irish Times\"\", \"\"In an enchanting duet with his wife, Tevye philosophises",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603236",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nnone. The 2007 West End revival was nominated for Olivier Awards for best revival, and Goodman was nominated as best actor. Fiddler on the Roof Fiddler on the Roof is a musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in the Pale of Settlement of Imperial Russia in 1905. It is based on \"\"Tevye and his Daughters\"\" (or \"\"Tevye the Dairyman\"\") and other tales by Sholem Aleichem. The story centers on Tevye, the father of five daughters, and his attempts to maintain his Jewish religious and cultural traditions as outside influences encroach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2509170",
"chunk_text": "\"To Life (song)\"\nTo Life (song) \"\"To Life\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". The Jewish people of Anatevka joyously sing a hopeful song in the face of an uncertain future. It also serves as a toast to celebrate a wedding agreement between Tevye and Lazar. See and Heard wrote \"\"In the inn scene Tevye leads a toast ‘To Life’ featuring an extravagant display of Jewish and Cossack folk dancing\"\". \"\"NewsWorks\"\" described it as a \"\"winning song\"\", and added \"\"the perfectly paced scene changes the tone of the production and accelerates its beat\"\". The Star says it is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603225",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nJewison, and Stein adapted his own book for the screenplay. The casting of Chaim Topol over Zero Mostel for the role of Tevye caused controversy at first. The film received mostly positive reviews from film critics and became the highest-grossing film of 1971. \"\"Fiddler\"\" received eight Oscar nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director for Jewison, Best Actor in a Leading Role for Topol, and Best Actor in a Supporting Role for Leonard Frey (as Motel; in the original Broadway production, Frey was the rabbi's son). It won three, including best score/adaptation for arranger-conductor John Williams. In the film version, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603207",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nalthough she will always love her family (\"\"Far From the Home I Love\"\"). Time passes. Motel has purchased a used sewing machine, and he and Tzeitel have had a baby. Chava finally gathers the courage to ask Tevye to allow her marriage to Fyedka. Again Tevye reaches deep into his soul, but marriage outside the Jewish faith is a line he will not cross. He forbids Chava to speak to Fyedka again. When Golde brings news that Chava has eloped with Fyedka, Tevye wonders where he went wrong (\"\"Chavaleh Sequence\"\"). Chava returns and tries to reason with him, but he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603233",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nof top 200 albums of the 2000s. In 2005, Melbourne punk band Yidcore released a reworking of the entire show called \"\"Fiddling on Ya Roof\"\". Gwen Stefani and Eve covered \"\"If I Were a Rich Man\"\" as \"\"Rich Girl\"\" for Stefani's 2004 debut solo album \"\"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\"\" in 2004. The song was inspired by the 1993 British Louchie Lou & Michie One ragga version of the same name. Stefani's version reached #7 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, where it remained for over six months. It was certified gold by the RIAA and nominated for a Grammy Award",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12857371",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Were a Rich Man (song)\"\nthought would give the effect of Chassidic chanting. The first person to play Tevye, Zero Mostel, then replaced the syllables Harnick had written with ones that Mostel thought would be more authentic. If I Were a Rich Man (song) \"\"If I Were a Rich Man\"\" is a show tune from the 1964 musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". It was written by Sheldon Harnick and Jerry Bock. The song is performed by Tevye, the main character in the musical, and reflects his dreams of glory. The title is inspired by a 1902 monologue by Sholem Aleichem in Yiddish, \"\"Ven ikh bin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12734146",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof (film)\"\nthree Academy Awards, including Best Music, Scoring Adaptation and Original Song Score for arranger-conductor John Williams. It was nominated for several more, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Topol as Tevye, and Best Supporting Actor for Frey, who played Motel Kamzoil the Tailor. Topol and Frey had performed in stage productions of the musical; Topol as Tevye in the London production and Frey in a minor part as Mendel, the rabbi's son, on Broadway. The film's plot largely follows that of the musical from which it is adapted. In 1905, Tevye, a poor Jewish milkman living in the Ukrainian village",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603191",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nfor love – each one's choice of a husband moves further away from the customs of their Jewish faith and heritage – and with the edict of the Tsar that evicts the Jews from their village. The original Broadway production of the show, which opened in 1964, had the first musical theatre run in history to surpass 3,000 performances. \"\"Fiddler\"\" held the record for the longest-running Broadway musical for almost 10 years until \"\"Grease\"\" surpassed its run. It remains the sixteenth longest-running show in Broadway history. The production was extraordinarily profitable and highly acclaimed. It won nine Tony Awards, including",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603230",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nof \"\"Fiddler\"\" titled, \"\"Fiddler, Please!\"\", with an all-black cast dressed in \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" costumes singing \"\"It's Hard to Be Jewish in Russia, Yo\"\". Chabad.org kicked off their 2008 \"\"To Life\"\" Telethon with a pastiche of the fiddle solo and bottle dance from the musical. Broadway references have included \"\"Spamalot\"\", where a \"\"Grail dance\"\" sends up the \"\"bottle dance\"\" in \"\"Fiddler\"\"s wedding scene. \"\"The Producers\"\" (2001) includes a musical number in the style of Jerry Bock that features an actual fiddler on a roof. Also in 2001, Chicago's Improv Olympic produced a well-received parody, \"\"The Roof Is on Fiddler\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4817017",
"chunk_text": "\"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)\"\nas the Robin Hood of rap as he steals from the rich vaults of recording history\"\". The first side of the LP closes with \"\"Rockman Rock (Parts 2 and 3)\"\", a homage to Jimmy Cauty that plagiarises from an array of sources, including the \"\"Bo Diddley Beat\"\" and \"\"Sunrise Sunset\"\" from the \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" soundtrack. Led Zeppelin's \"\"Whole Lotta Love\"\", \"\"Since I've Been Loving You\"\" and \"\"Houses of the Holy\"\" can be also heard in this track. Side one would not close until \"\"Why Did You Throw Away Your Giro?\"\", a track consisting of a question in reference",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12002831",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Bock\"\nJerry Bock Jerrold Lewis \"\"Jerry\"\" Bock (November 23, 1928November 3, 2010) was an American musical theater composer. He received the Tony Award for Best Musical and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama with Sheldon Harnick for their 1959 musical \"\"Fiorello!\"\" and the Tony Award for Best Composer and Lyricist for the 1964 musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" with Sheldon Harnick. Born in New Haven, Connecticut and raised in Flushing, Queens, New York, Bock studied the piano as a child. While a student at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he wrote the musical \"\"Big As Life\"\", which toured the state and enjoyed a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4691078",
"chunk_text": "\"Chaim Topol\"\nChaim Topol Chaim Topol (, born September 9, 1935), also spelled Haym Topol, mononymously known as Topol, is an Israeli theatrical, film, and television actor, singer, comedian, voice artist, film producer, author, and illustrator. He is best known for his portrayal of Tevye the Dairyman, the lead role in the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\", on both stage and screen, having performed this role more than 3,500 times in shows and revivals from the late 1960s through 2009. Topol began his acting career during his Israeli army service in the Nahal entertainment troupe, and later toured Israel with kibbutz theatre",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3998459",
"chunk_text": "\"To Life (song)\"\n\"\"raucous tavern brawl\"\". Chicago Theater Review deems it a \"\"joyous barroom anthem\"\". Decent Films Guide names it \"\"boisterous\"\". NCarts Review jokingly noted \"\"Russian dancers show off their culture’s great history of destroying their kneecaps through dance\"\". To Life (song) \"\"To Life\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". The Jewish people of Anatevka joyously sing a hopeful song in the face of an uncertain future. It also serves as a toast to celebrate a wedding agreement between Tevye and Lazar. See and Heard wrote \"\"In the inn scene Tevye leads a toast ‘To Life’ featuring an extravagant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603211",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\ndesigned in the style of Marc Chagall's paintings, was by Boris Aronson. A colorful logo for the production, also inspired by Chagall's work, was designed by Tom Morrow. Chagall reportedly did not like the musical. The cast included Zero Mostel as Tevye the milkman, Maria Karnilova as his wife Golde (each of whom won a Tony for their performances), Beatrice Arthur as Yente the matchmaker, Austin Pendleton as Motel, Bert Convy as Perchik the student revolutionary, Gino Conforti as the fiddler, and Julia Migenes as Hodel. Mostel ad-libbed increasingly as the run went on, \"\"which drove the authors up the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603234",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nfor Best Rap/Sung Collaboration. It was also covered in 2008 and 2009 by the Capitol Steps, poking fun at Illinois politics, especially then-Governor Rod Blagojevich. The Santa Clara Vanguard Drum and Bugle Corps performs the \"\"Bottle Dance\"\" from \"\"Fiddler\"\" as a \"\"recurring trademark\"\", including at the Drum Corps International World Championships. The song \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" is often played at weddings, and in 2011 Sheldon Harnick wrote two versions of the song, suitable for same-sex weddings, with minor word changes. For example, for male couples, changes include \"\"When did they grow to be so handsome\"\". \"\"Fiddler\"\"s original Broadway production in 1964",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12400417",
"chunk_text": "\"Bette Midler\"\nBette Midler Bette Midler (; born December 1, 1945) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, comedian, and film producer. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Midler began her professional career in several Off-Off-Broadway plays, prior to her engagements in \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" and \"\"Salvation\"\" on Broadway in the late 1960s. She came to prominence in 1970 when she began singing in the Continental Baths, a local gay bathhouse where she managed to build up a core following. Since 1970, Midler has released 14 studio albums as a solo artist. Throughout her career, many of her songs became hits on the record",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7143853",
"chunk_text": "\"Jan Bart\"\nBart – Seva 64 − Anatevka Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish – Londisc − Do you love me Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish – Londisc − Far from the home I love Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish – Londisc − Fiddler on the roof Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish – Londisc − If I were a rich man Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish – Londisc − Matchmaker Jan Bart – Sings Fiddler on the Roof",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11222954",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Bock\"\n82nd birthday. Jerry Bock Jerrold Lewis \"\"Jerry\"\" Bock (November 23, 1928November 3, 2010) was an American musical theater composer. He received the Tony Award for Best Musical and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama with Sheldon Harnick for their 1959 musical \"\"Fiorello!\"\" and the Tony Award for Best Composer and Lyricist for the 1964 musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" with Sheldon Harnick. Born in New Haven, Connecticut and raised in Flushing, Queens, New York, Bock studied the piano as a child. While a student at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he wrote the musical \"\"Big As Life\"\", which toured the state and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12734160",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof (film)\"\nonly) during Tevye's dream sequence. The film follows the plot of the stage play very closely, retaining nearly all of the play's dialogue, although it omits the songs \"\"Now I Have Everything\"\" and \"\"The Rumor (I Just Heard)\"\". Lyrical portions of \"\"Tevye's Dream (tailor Motel Kemzoil)\"\" were omitted to avoid repetition. The film's soundtrack release notably contained some of these omissions, indicating they were removed during filming. These include Golde blessing herself, before going back to sleep. Changes were also made in the song \"\"Tradition,\"\" with the film omitting the dialogue between Reb Nachum the beggar (who, in the film,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603216",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\n36 previews and 781 performances at the Minskoff Theatre. Alfred Molina, and later Harvey Fierstein, starred as Tevye, and Randy Graff, and later Andrea Martin and Rosie O'Donnell, was Golde. Barbara Barrie and later Nancy Opel played Yente, Laura Michelle Kelly played Hodel and Lea Michele played Sprintze. It was directed by David Leveaux. This production replaced Yente's song \"\"The Rumor\"\" with a song for Yente and two other women called \"\"Topsy-Turvy\"\". The production was nominated for six Tonys but did not win any. In June 2014, to celebrate the show's 50th anniversary, a gala celebration and reunion was held",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3490691",
"chunk_text": "\"Up on the Roof (song)\"\nUp on the Roof (song) \"\"Up on the Roof\"\" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King and recorded in 1962 by The Drifters. Released late that year, the disc became a major hit in early 1963, reaching number 5 on the U.S. pop singles chart and number 4 on the U.S. R&B singles chart. In the UK it was a top ten success for singer Kenny Lynch, whose version was also released in 1962. In addition to the hit appeal of the \"\"second Drifters\"\" lineup, \"\"Up on the Roof\"\" epitomized the urban romantic dream as presented by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603209",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\ncould do such things to others. Tevye still will not talk to her, but when Tzeitel says goodbye to Chava, Tevye prompts her to add \"\"God be with you.\"\" Motel and Tzeitel go to Poland as well but will join the rest of the family when they have saved up enough money. As Tevye, Golde and their two youngest daughters leave the village for America, the fiddler begins to play. Tevye beckons with a nod, and the fiddler follows them out of the village. § The 2004 revival featured a song for Yente and some women of the village (Rivka",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13495697",
"chunk_text": "\"Leonard Frey\"\nLeonard Frey Leonard Frey (September 4, 1938 – August 24, 1988) was an American actor. He is best remembered for his performance in the 1971 film \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\", which earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination. Frey made his stage debut in an Off-Broadway production of \"\"Little Mary Sunshine\"\" and received a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play nomination for \"\"The National Health\"\". Frey was born in Brooklyn, New York. After attending James Madison High School, he studied art at Cooper Union, with designs on being a painter, before switching to acting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13706264",
"chunk_text": "\"Bette Midler\"\nand on bases to show her gratitude to military members by serving them meals just before deployment. References for Honors & Accolades: Bette Midler Bette Midler (; born December 1, 1945) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, comedian, and film producer. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Midler began her professional career in several Off-Off-Broadway plays, prior to her engagements in \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" and \"\"Salvation\"\" on Broadway in the late 1960s. She came to prominence in 1970 when she began singing in the Continental Baths, a local gay bathhouse where she managed to build up a core following. Since 1970,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15536327",
"chunk_text": "\"Chaim Topol\"\nTopol married Galia Finkelstein in October 1956. They have one son and two daughters. The couple resides in Galia's childhood home in Tel Aviv. Topol's hobbies include sketching and sculpting. Chaim Topol Chaim Topol (, born September 9, 1935), also spelled Haym Topol, mononymously known as Topol, is an Israeli theatrical, film, and television actor, singer, comedian, voice artist, film producer, author, and illustrator. He is best known for his portrayal of Tevye the Dairyman, the lead role in the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\", on both stage and screen, having performed this role more than 3,500 times in shows",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4845024",
"chunk_text": "\"The Folk Years 2003–2003\"\nThe Folk Years 2003–2003 The Folk Years 2003–2003 is the fifth album by Jill Sobule, released independently in 2004. The CD contains four covers: \"\"Survivor\"\" (originally recorded by Destiny's Child), \"\"Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be)\"\" (originally recorded by Doris Day), \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" (from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\"), and \"\"Don't Let Us Get Sick\"\" (originally recorded by Warren Zevon). Three tracks, \"\"Thank Misery,\"\" \"\"Under the Disco Ball,\"\" and \"\"Angel/Asshole,\"\" were rerecorded for Sobule's next album, \"\"Underdog Victorious.\"\" The late Warren Zevon's \"\"Don't Let Us Get Sick\"\" is included on both this acoustic album and on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13385237",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof (film)\"\nthe character of Tevye. Principal photography was done at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England. Most of the exterior shots were done in SFR Yugoslavia—specifically in Mala Gorica, Lekenik, and Zagreb within the Yugoslav constituent republic of Croatia. Though the area was under heavy snow during location scouting in 1969, during the filming the producers had to ship in marble dust to stand in for snow. Three hundred extras conversant in various foreign languages were used, as were flocks of geese and pigs and their handlers. Isaac Stern performed the violin solos. Director Jewison has a cameo as a rabbi (voice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603232",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nalbum 4 stars and states \"\"Cannonball plays near his peak; this is certainly the finest album by this particular sextet\"\". That same year, Eydie Gormé released a single of \"\"Matchmaker\"\". In 1999, Knitting Factory Records released \"\"Knitting on the Roof\"\", a compilation CD featuring covers of \"\"Fiddler\"\" songs by alternative bands such as The Residents, Negativland, and The Magnetic Fields. Indie rock band Bright Eyes recorded an adaptation of \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" on their 2000 album \"\"Fevers and Mirrors\"\". \"\"Allmusic\"\" gave the album a favorable review, and the online music magazine \"\"Pitchfork Media\"\" ranked it at number 170 on their list",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603228",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nthe lives of Tevye's descendants living in an assimilated 1970s suburban America. The H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society published a musical theatre and album parody of \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" called \"\"A Shoggoth on the Roof\"\", which incorporates the works of H. P. Lovecraft. In the film \"\"Mrs. Doubtfire\"\" (1993), Robin Williams parodies \"\"Matchmaker\"\". References to the musical on television have included a 2005 episode of \"\"Gilmore Girls\"\" titled \"\"Jews and Chinese Food\"\", involving a production of the musical. A skit by \"\"The Electric Company\"\" about a village fiddler with a fear of heights, so he is deemed \"\"Fiddler on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603227",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\nwrites that while the original Broadway cast version is the clear first choice among recordings of this musical, he also likes the Columbia Records studio cast album with Bernardi as Tevye; the film soundtrack, although he feels that the pace drags a bit; and some of the numerous foreign versions, including the Israeli, German and Japanese casts. The musical's popularity has led to numerous references in popular media and elsewhere. The show or its songs have been parodied and covered widely: Parodies relating to the show have included \"\"Antenna on the Roof\"\" (\"\"Mad Magazine\"\" #156, January 1973), which speculated about",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4508933",
"chunk_text": "\"Jan Bart\"\nthe roof – Yiddish − Do you love me Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − Far from the home I love Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − Fiddler on the roof Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − If I were a rich man Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − Matchmaker Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − Now I have Everything Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof – Yiddish − Sabbath prayer Jan Bart – Fiddler on the roof –",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3998481",
"chunk_text": "\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\nSunrise, Sunset \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" written in 1964 by composer Jerry Bock and lyricist Sheldon Harnick. Lyricist Sheldon Harnick said: The album \"\"Sheldon Harnick: Hidden Treasures (1949-2013)\"\" features the demo recording of \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" featuring Harnick, accompanied by composer Jerry Bock. Harnick said \"\"This CD set is supposed to be the unknown songs, and the two men who created it, Bill Rudman (ph) and Ken Bloom (ph), when they said they wanted to use \"\"Sunrise, Sunset,\"\" I said but that's a very familiar song. They said not with you singing it.\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603221",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\ndirected by Daniel Evans and starring Omid Djalili as Tevye and Tracy-Ann Oberman as Golde. The original Australian production opened on June 16, 1967, at Her Majesty's Theatre in Sydney. It starred Hayes Gordon as Tevye and Brigid Lenihan as Golde. The production ran for two years. The first professional revival tour was staged by the Australian Opera in 1984 with Gordon again playing Tevye. A young Anthony Warlow played Fyedka. In 2005 and 2007, Topol recreated his role as Tevye in Australian productions, with seasons in Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth, Wellington and Auckland. The musical was again revived in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13140951",
"chunk_text": "\"Sarah Travis\"\n\"\"Sunset Boulevard\"\" opened in the West End at the Comedy Theatre, in December 2008, after first playing at the Watermill Theatre in July 2008. The latest collaboration with Craig Revel-Horwood is Fiddler on the Roof, which is currently touring the UK with Paul Michael-Glaser as Tevye. Sarah Travis Sarah Travis is a British orchestrator and musical supervisor for theatre and film. She received the Tony Award for Best Orchestrations and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Orchestrations for the 2005 revival of Stephen Sondheim's \"\"Sweeney Todd\"\". Travis attended City University and Guildhall School of Music and Drama. She has been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19295244",
"chunk_text": "\"Theodore Bikel\"\nrepeatedly. When the composers, Rodgers and Hammerstein, realized Bikel was an accomplished folksinger, they wrote the song \"\"Edelweiss\"\" specifically for him to sing and accompany himself on the guitar. In 1964, he played Zoltan Karpathy, the dialect expert, in the film version of \"\"My Fair Lady\"\". Since his first appearance as Tevye in the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" (1967), Bikel had performed the role more often than any other actor (more than 2,000 times). When an injury required 74-year-old fellow Israeli performer Chaim Topol (veteran of many productions of the stage show and star of the motion picture of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12857365",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Were a Rich Man (song)\"\nIf I Were a Rich Man (song) \"\"If I Were a Rich Man\"\" is a show tune from the 1964 musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". It was written by Sheldon Harnick and Jerry Bock. The song is performed by Tevye, the main character in the musical, and reflects his dreams of glory. The title is inspired by a 1902 monologue by Sholem Aleichem in Yiddish, \"\"Ven ikh bin Rothschild\"\" (If I were a Rothschild), a reference to the wealth of the Rothschild family, although the content is quite different. The lyric is based in part on passages from Sholem Aleichem’s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603224",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\n1969 to May 1970, resuming from September to January 1971 (a total of 292 performances) with Ivan Rebroff as Tevye and Maria Murano as Golde. Another adaptation was produced in 2005 at the théâtre Comédia in Paris with Franck Vincent as Tevye and Isabelle Ferron as Golde. The Stratford Shakespeare Festival produced the musical from April to October 2013 at the Festival Theatre directed and choreographed by Donna Feore. It starred Scott Wentworth as Tevye. The musical receives about 500 amateur productions a year in the US alone. The film version was released in 1971, directed and produced by Norman",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14426397",
"chunk_text": "\"Eighth Day Slice/Fiddlin on Ya Roof\"\nEighth Day Slice/Fiddlin on Ya Roof Eighth Day Slice/Fiddlin on ya Roof is a double album by the Jewish punk rock band Yidcore, released in 2005 (see 2005 in music). \"\"Eighth Day Slice\"\" is an album containing Yidcore's first original, composed songs as well as several covers. It includes a cover of Bette Midler's \"\"Wind Beneath My Wings\"\" and the track \"\"Since I Bothered You\"\" which both received play on Triple J as well as its counterpart music video show \"\"Rage\"\". \"\"Fiddlin on ya Roof\"\" is a reworking of the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". It features guest vocals from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5614289",
"chunk_text": "\"Leonard Frey\"\nABC's Disney television movie \"\"Bride of Boogedy\"\". Frey died at the age 49 of an AIDS-related illness in New York on August 24, 1988. Leonard Frey Leonard Frey (September 4, 1938 – August 24, 1988) was an American actor. He is best remembered for his performance in the 1971 film \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\", which earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination. Frey made his stage debut in an Off-Broadway production of \"\"Little Mary Sunshine\"\" and received a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play nomination for \"\"The National Health\"\". Frey was born in Brooklyn,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14136560",
"chunk_text": "\"Neva Small\"\nNeva Small Neva Small (born November 17, 1952) is an American theatrical, film, and television actress and singer. She made her singing debut at the age of 10 at the New York City Opera, and her Broadway debut the following year. She has numerous acting credits on and Off-Broadway. She is best known for her portrayal of Chava, the third of Tevye's five daughters who marries a gentile, in the 1971 film \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". Neva Small was born in New York City to Seldan and Berma Small. She grew up in Central Park West. Her mother graduated in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1210750",
"chunk_text": "\"Sheldon Harnick\"\nSheldon Harnick Sheldon Harnick (born April 30, 1924) is an American lyricist and songwriter best known for his collaborations with composer Jerry Bock on musicals such as \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". Harnick began his career writing words and music to comic songs in musical revues. One of these, \"\"The Merry Minuet\"\", was popularized by the Kingston Trio. It is in the caustic style usually associated with Tom Lehrer and is sometimes incorrectly attributed to Lehrer. Sheldon Mayer Harnick was born to American Jewish parents and grew up in the Chicago neighborhood of Portage Park. Yiddish was spoken in the home",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18603213",
"chunk_text": "\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\n2,000 performances in the role in the original run and several revivals. Florence Stanley took over the role of Yente nine months into the run. The production earned $1,574 for every dollar invested in it. It was nominated for ten Tony Awards, winning nine, including Best Musical, score, book, direction and choreography, and acting awards for Mostel and Karnilova. The original London West End production opened on February 16, 1967, at Her Majesty's Theatre and played for 2,030 performances. It starred Topol as Tevye, a role he had previously played in Tel Aviv, and Miriam Karlin as Golde. Alfie Bass,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3998484",
"chunk_text": "\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\n\"\"When did they grow to be so handsome\"\". Sunrise, Sunset \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" written in 1964 by composer Jerry Bock and lyricist Sheldon Harnick. Lyricist Sheldon Harnick said: The album \"\"Sheldon Harnick: Hidden Treasures (1949-2013)\"\" features the demo recording of \"\"Sunrise, Sunset\"\" featuring Harnick, accompanied by composer Jerry Bock. Harnick said \"\"This CD set is supposed to be the unknown songs, and the two men who created it, Bill Rudman (ph) and Ken Bloom (ph), when they said they wanted to use \"\"Sunrise, Sunset,\"\" I said but that's a very familiar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4385256",
"chunk_text": "\"Julia Migenes\"\nJulia Migenes Julia Migenes (born March 13, 1949) is an American soprano working primarily in musical theatre repertoire. She was born on the Lower East Side of New York to a family of Greek and Irish-Puerto Rican descent. She is sometimes credited as Julia Migenes-Johnson. She graduated from The High School of Music & Art in New York City in 1960. Julia Migenes played Tevye's second daughter Hodel, in the original Broadway production of the long-running musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". She played Ciboletta in the 1973 film \"\"Eine Nacht in Venedig\"\" (re-released 2008). She starred in the 1984 film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2520756",
"chunk_text": "\"Matchmaker, Matchmaker\"\nMatchmaker, Matchmaker \"\"Matchmaker, Matchmaker\"\" is a song from the musical \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\". BlueGobo explains \"\"The sisters (including Bette Midler) s[a]ng \"\"Matchmaker, Matchmaker\"\" on the 1968 Tonys as part of a tribute to past Best Musical winners that were still running at the time.\"\" Tevye and Golde's daughters sing about a matchmaker choosing a partner for them. They are satirising the issue, and mock Yente. Sermons From Seattle explains \"\"The story [of Fiddler] is that the matchmaker is to meet with the mother and father and match their three daughters to prospective husbands. But the girls want to choose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_471
|
when did billy don't be a hero come out?
|
n/a
|
[
"1974"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16732495",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nBilly Don't Be a Hero \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" is a 1974 pop song that was first a UK hit for Paper Lace and then, some months later, a US hit for Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods. The song was written and composed by two British songwriters, Mitch Murray and Peter Callander. Because the song was released in 1974, it was associated by some listeners with the Vietnam War, though the war to which it actually refers is never identified in the lyrics. It has been suggested that the drum pattern, references to a marching band leading soldiers in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18670866",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nto ride out and seek reinforcements. (This suggests mounted infantry and a lack of modern two-way radio communications.) In the end, the heartbroken woman throws away the official letter notifying her of Billy's \"\"heroic\"\" death. Paper Lace's version of \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" reached No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart on 16 March 1974, and did likewise in Australia, where it spent eight weeks at the top spot. Thereafter, Bo Donaldson's and the Heywoods's version reached No. 1 in the U.S. on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 on 15 June 1974, but was dubbed into French for Canada. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16732498",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nUS version sold over three and a half million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the R.I.A.A. in June 1974. Donaldson and the Heywoods's version was a massive hit in Latin America and Japan as well, but it remained largely unknown elsewhere as of late July 2017. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 21 song for 1974. Despite the song's popularity, it was poorly received, and it was voted No. 8 on \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine's readers' poll of \"\"10 Worst Songs of the 1970s.\"\" The song is mentioned as having played on K-Billy's \"\"Super Sounds of the '70s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20456408",
"chunk_text": "\"Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods\"\nBo Donaldson and The Heywoods Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods are an American pop music group, known mainly for their 1970s hit singles, \"\"Billy Don't Be A Hero\"\" and \"\"Who Do You Think You Are\"\". The band was formed in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1965 by their leader, Robert Walter \"\"Bo\"\" Donaldson. They were first discovered while touring with The Osmonds in the early 1970s and signed with Family Productions, releasing their first single in 1972, \"\"Special Someone,\"\" but their big break came after moving to ABC Records and working with the record producer Steve Barri in 1973. Although their first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5262064",
"chunk_text": "\"Mitch Murray\"\nand Mina. Murray also wrote \"\"My Brother\"\" which became a children's favourite when recorded by Terry Scott. Later Murray and Callander formed their own record label, Bus Stop, through which they launched the career of Paper Lace. Their first two singles, released in 1974, were both written by Murray and Callander, \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" (No. 1 UK, with a cover version by Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods reaching Number 1 in the US), and \"\"The Night Chicago Died\"\" (Number 1 US). Another song Murray was involved in was \"\"Sing Me\"\", a UK Top Ten hit for one-hit wonders,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20456412",
"chunk_text": "\"Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods\"\nwhich to this day remains unreleased. Ultimately the group left the label and joined Capitol Records, where they recorded songs by Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman, the writing/producing team behind the UK act The Sweet. Lead singer and trumpeter Mike Gibbons died on 2 April 2016. Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods are an American pop music group, known mainly for their 1970s hit singles, \"\"Billy Don't Be A Hero\"\" and \"\"Who Do You Think You Are\"\". The band was formed in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1965 by their leader, Robert Walter \"\"Bo\"\" Donaldson. They were first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16732499",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nWeekend\"\" in the film \"\"Reservoir Dogs.\"\" The song features in the 1993 film \"\"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert.\"\" The \"\"Mystery Science Theater 3000\"\" characters often use the line \"\"Billy, don't be a hero!\"\" when riffing on movies, one example being the episode \"\"The Creeping Terror.\"\" In the first episode of \"\"Friends,\"\" Ross (David Schwimmer) is sad because it has been so long since he last picked up a woman, saying, \"\"Do the words 'Billy, Don't Be a Hero' mean anything to you?\"\" Massive Attack's 1991 track \"\"Blue Lines\"\" (from the album of the same name) features the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19397540",
"chunk_text": "\"Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods\"\nCandlewick Green and reached #15 on the Hot 100 with the Heywoods's version). This was followed by their last top-40 hit, \"\"The Heartbreak Kid\"\" (#39 Hot 100), and their ominously titled last Hot 100 hit, \"\"Our Last Song Together\"\" (#95 on the Hot 100, the last song written by the Sedaka-Greenfield tandem before its breakup). \"\"Billy Don't Be A Hero\"\" sold over three and a half million copies, receiving a gold disc by the R.I.A.A. in June 1974. Despite the song's popularity, many people disliked it, and it was voted #8 on \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine's readers' poll of \"\"10 Worst",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18670869",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nlyrics \"\"take a walk, Billy, don't be a hero.\"\" In \"\",\"\" the song is briefly heard during a montage in a disco cover by Dewey Cox (John C. Reilly) performing on rollerblades during \"\"The Dewey Cox Show.\"\" A much longer cut of this scene can be seen in the director's cut, and the whole performance was included in the extras for the 2-Disc editions. In \"\"The Powerpuff Girls\"\", the leader of the Gang Green Gang, Ace, says to another member, Billy, \"\"Billy, don't be a hero!\"\" when he decides to save the Powerpuff Girls from a subway train. In \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8467450",
"chunk_text": "\"The Night Chicago Died\"\n\"\"High Fidelity\"\". The song is also featured in a Season 1 episode of \"\"That '70s Show\"\". \"\"The Night Chicago Died\"\" was Paper Lace's follow-up single to \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\", a #1 hit in the U.K. but virtually unheard in the U.S. where Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods' cover reached #1. Callander and Murray wrote both songs. The U.S. single received a Gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America, signifying sales of at least one million copies. Though the song's story is set in the United States, Paper Lace were unable to perform the song live in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16732496",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nblue, and \"\"riding out\"\" (cavalry) refer to the American Civil War. However the drum beat and cavalry \"\"riding out\"\" is not specific to the American Civil War, and blue uniforms were common in the 19th century. That being said, Paper Lace themselves performed the song on \"\"Top of the Pops\"\" wearing Union-style uniforms, as can be seen on YouTube. A young woman is distraught that her fiancé chooses to enlist with Army recruiters passing through the town, causing her to implore him: The song goes on to describe how Billy is killed in action in a pitched battle after volunteering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "217350",
"chunk_text": "\"Paper Lace\"\nchart. It was followed by another Murray/Callander composition, the story song \"\"The Night Chicago Died\"\" which reached Number 3 and spent 11 weeks on the charts. A third Murray/Callander-penned release, \"\"The Black-Eyed Boys\"\", took Paper Lace to number 11 in late 1974 and number 37 in Canada. With their subject matter assumed in America to be about the American Civil War, it was logical that \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" should become a hit in the United States. However, Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods were the first to release the song in the United States, and Paper Lace had to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "217349",
"chunk_text": "\"Paper Lace\"\nPhil Wright's Original 70s Paper Lace) the band initially questioned appearing. However, with the show having weekly viewing figures of 7 million, they concluded that going on the programme was a \"\"no brainer\"\", and the band won Opportunity Knocks for five consecutive weeks. Based on Opportunity Knocks' performances, songwriters (Mitch Murray and Peter Callander) offered the band \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\", with the possibility of more songs if it took off. Billy Don't Be a Hero would spend three weeks at Number 1 on the UK Singles Chart in March 1974, with a total of 14 weeks on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15316722",
"chunk_text": "\"Enough Is Enough (album)\"\nEnough Is Enough (album) Enough Is Enough is a rock album by Billy Squier that was released on September 27, 1986. It was the first new album (and Billy's fifth overall) released under his second seven-year Capitol Records recording contract. The disc peaked at #61 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" album chart and included the hit \"\"Love Is the Hero\"\" which boasted yet another popular MTV music video. Squier was something of a music video pioneer and one of MTV's most played artists in the 1980s. This album lasted for several months on the album chart and sold approximately 300,000 copies in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2090923",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Bremner (musician)\"\nafter the group recorded their only single without Lulu (\"\"The House On The Hill\"\"/\"\"Most Unlovely\"\") for Parlophone in 1966. The Luvvers disbanded in 1967. In 1971 Bremner added some guitar work to \"\"March Hare\"\", the first solo album from ex-Honeybus member Colin Hare. He then became a member of the Neil Innes band Fatso, which went on to record the soundtrack for the original \"\"Rutland Weekend Television\"\" series. As \"\"Bill Murray\"\" he released two singles produced by Kris Ife; \"\"Downtown hoedown\"\"/\"\"Rhyme and reason\"\": (1977) Polydor 2058 881, and \"\"Heart and the Stone\"\"/\"\"I Don't Wanna Be No Hero\"\" (1978) State records",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8435214",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage tragedy song\"\n\"\"Dear Mom and Dad\"\". Into the 1970s, as the Vietnam War continued, hit ballads of youth and death included B. J. Thomas' \"\"Billy and Sue\"\" (1972) and Terry Jacks' No. 1 hit \"\"Seasons in the Sun\"\" (1974), their protagonists of indeterminate age, or slightly older than teens. A song that was thought to have referenced the Civil War was Paper Lace's 1974 hit \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero,\"\" made a bigger hit in the U.S. by Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods. Hard-rock acts recorded vehicular death scenarios such as \"\"D.O.A.\"\" (Bloodrock, 1971), \"\"Detroit Rock City\"\" (Kiss, 1976) and \"\"Bat Out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18670870",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nMarvelous Misadventures of Flapjack,\"\" the episode \"\"K'nuckles, Don't Be a Hero\"\" is named after the song. In \"\"The Justice Friends\"\" (Cartoon Network, 1996), Major Glory says \"\"Billy, don't be a hero!\"\" to William, Valhallen's pet goat, when it jumps to save Krunk from the attack of Valhallen's living clothes. In an episode of \"\"ALF,\"\" the title character, Gordon \"\"Alf\"\" Shumway(voice by Paul Fusco), uses the line \"\"Willie, don't be a hero, don't be a fool with your life,\"\" referring to the head of the household, Wille Tanner(Max Wright), after Willie comes up with a bad idea. The Doug Anthony Allstars",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16732502",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\nperformed a comedic cover of this song, featuring the altered line, \"\"Where did Billy's head go?\"\" in place of \"\"Billy, keep your head low.\"\" Dav Pilkey, creator of Captain Underpants, named the hero of \"\"The Adventures of Super Diaper Baby\"\" Billy solely to make possible a passing homage to \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero.\"\" Since then, the \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" homage has been applied to other characters whose names rhyme with \"\"Billy\"\" in several Captain Underpants spin-off comics. In the season 4 episode of \"\"Dinosaurs,\"\" the episode title was referenced, \"\"Earl, Don't Be A Hero.\"\" Billy Don't Be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5781143",
"chunk_text": "\"I Don't Want to Be a Hero\"\nI Don't Want to Be a Hero \"\"I Don't Want to be a Hero\"\" is a 1987 song by the British band Johnny Hates Jazz. It reached #11 in the UK top 40 in August 1987 spending 10 weeks on the chart. It is taken from their #1 album \"\"Turn Back the Clock\"\". The song was written by the band's lead singer and main songwriter, Clark Datchler. It has a strong anti-war sentiment and is written from the perspective of a soldier who is questioning their participation in what they consider an unjust war. The band's American record company were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3238761",
"chunk_text": "\"Never A Hero\"\nNever A Hero Never A Hero are a five-piece nu metal band formed in Sudbury, Suffolk, England in 2009. They self-released their debut EP, 'Socially Awkward' in September 2010, produced by John Mitchell at Outhouse Studios in Reading. It contains five songs including 'From Heroes To Angels' which received air time on Kerrang! and Scuzz TV and also 'Trippin on Speed'. In November 2012 they released their debut album Bleed Between The Lies through Cinderella Records / Musik and Film which the band signed to in early 2012. The album features 14 tracks, five of which are re-released versions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8801282",
"chunk_text": "\"Paper Lace\"\nthat did not include Wright or Fish. In 1990, three original Paper Lace members, Philip Wright, Mick Vaughan and Chris Morris, were given the financial backing to re-record Billy Don't Be A Hero with an up-to-date sound. However, this was never released as when the Gulf War began the BBC produced a list of songs it deemed inappropriate at the time, this including Billy Don't Be A Hero. In 1997, Wright joined Sons and Lovers. He continues to be listed as a member. In 2011 Carlo Paul Santanna re-joined Morris' and Raynor's Paper Lace. The line-up today of the band",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11663450",
"chunk_text": "\"You Make Me Feel Brand New\"\nYou Make Me Feel Brand New \"\"You Make Me Feel Brand New\"\" is a 1974 single by the Philadelphia soul group The Stylistics. The song was written by Thom Bell and Linda Creed. An R&B ballad, it was the fifth track from their 1974 album, \"\"Let's Put It All Together\"\" and was released as a single and reached number 2 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for 2 weeks. \"\"You Make Me Feel Brand New\"\" was kept from the number 1 spot by, Billy Don't Be a Hero by Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods. In addition, it climbed to number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "794922",
"chunk_text": "\"David Chackler\"\nto Chess with their Neptune Records label, where The O'Jays had their first hit, \"\"One Night Affair.\"\" Chackler then moved from Chess to White Whale Records, in Los Angeles, working with The Turtles, Renee and Renee, and then on to Polydor/Polygram Records, where he became vice president of promotion and later vice president of west coast operations. In 1972, Chackler created his own production and publishing company, Chalice Productions (ABC Records/Dona Marta Music) with partner Lee Lasseff. Their first venture was the chart topping single, \"\"Billy Don’t be a Hero\"\". During this period, while working with producer Keith Olsen, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20194910",
"chunk_text": "\"Not a Hero\"\nNot a Hero Not a Hero is a cover system 2D shooter video game developed by the British indie development studio Roll7 and published by Devolver Digital. The game released on 14 May 2015 for Microsoft Windows. A later update, which was built using the Chowdren runtime for Clickteam Fusion 2.5, introduced builds for OS X and Linux, on 30 September 2015. The PlayStation 4 version of the game released on 2 February 2016, with the PlayStation Vita version being cancelled. A \"\"Supper Sanzzy Edition\"\", including a new extra campaign, was released on Xbox One by Team17 in May 2016,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19397542",
"chunk_text": "\"Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods\"\nRecords (1973–1975). The CD contains all their charted singles and, in fact, includes 9 of the 11 songs featured on the 1974 LP \"\"Billy Don't Be a Hero\"\" (#97 on the Hot 200). The CD booklet includes liner notes written by Gordon Pogoda and the CD features such highlights as \"\"Who Do You Think You Are\"\", \"\"The House on Telegraph Hill\"\", and \"\"The Heartbreak Kid\"\". In 1975, the band was working on a second album of material for ABC including \"\"Our Last Song Together\"\", released as a single (and which made the pop charts), and \"\"Take Me Make Me Yours\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20814255",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Fury\"\nperformances by several British actors and performers such as Richard Wattis, Lionel Blair and Dennis Price. Fury's \"\"We Want Billy!\"\" (1963) was one of the first live albums in UK rock history, and featured renditions of his hits and cover versions of several R&B songs such as \"\"Unchain My Heart\"\". In 1965 he appeared in the film \"\"I've Gotta Horse\"\", which also featured his backing group the Gamblers, the Bachelors, Amanda Barrie, Michael Medwin and Jon Pertwee. The album from the film was made available in stereo. Fury left Decca Records in 1966, after signing to a five-year recording contract",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18828498",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm No Hero\"\nI'm No Hero I'm No Hero is a 1980 album by Cliff Richard. It featured the singles \"\"Dreamin'\"\" and \"\"A Little in Love\"\", which were top 20 hits in both the UK and the US. Following the success of his 1979 single \"\"We Don't Talk Anymore\"\" which was written and arranged by Alan Tarney, the record company were keen to use his services again. For the follow-up album in 1980, he was employed as producer for the entire album. This gave \"\"I'm No Hero\"\" a cohesive sound but was criticised at the time for being too unadventurous. The songs on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16626025",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm No Hero\"\nthe album were similar in style to \"\"We Don't Talk Anymore\"\", but it was also a success, generating two top 20 singles, while the album itself made the top five in the UK. With the lead single \"\"Dreamin'\"\" released in August 1980, the album came out a few weeks later. \"\"Dreamin'\"\" became a top 10 hit in both the UK and US, while follow-up \"\"A Little in Love\"\", released belatedly in January 1981 reached No.15 in the UK and No.17 in the US. The album itself made No.4 in the UK album charts, but due to the lack of singles,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13499987",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Gilman\"\n38. It also became a top 20 hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart in 2000. 11 years old at the time, he became the youngest artist to ever have a top 40 single on the country chart. His debut album, also called \"\"One Voice\"\" was released on June 20, 2000 on Epic Records, and was certified double platinum in the United States. The album included the title track \"\"One Voice\"\" and the follow-up singles \"\"Oklahoma\"\" and \"\"There's a Hero\"\". The single \"\"Oklahoma\"\" was released on October 9, 2000 making it to the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs top 40",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19397539",
"chunk_text": "\"Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods\"\nsingle with ABC, \"\"Deeper and Deeper,\"\" failed to make a big impression on the charts, beginning in 1974, the band began a string of hit songs. Their first two (and largest two) hits were cover versions of British hit songs whose original versions had not been hits in the U.S.: \"\"Billy Don't Be A Hero\"\" (a cover of a #1 UK Paper Lace song that reached #1 for 2 weeks on the Hot 100 with the Heywoods's version) and \"\"Who Do You Think You Are\"\" (written by Clive Scott & Des Dyer of Jigsaw, which originally became a hit for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3238762",
"chunk_text": "\"Never A Hero\"\nolder demos featured on the band's Myspace. The band are currently writing for their second studio album to be released late-2014. Never A Hero Never A Hero are a five-piece nu metal band formed in Sudbury, Suffolk, England in 2009. They self-released their debut EP, 'Socially Awkward' in September 2010, produced by John Mitchell at Outhouse Studios in Reading. It contains five songs including 'From Heroes To Angels' which received air time on Kerrang! and Scuzz TV and also 'Trippin on Speed'. In November 2012 they released their debut album Bleed Between The Lies through Cinderella Records / Musik and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7002456",
"chunk_text": "Anti-Heros\nAnti-Heros Anti-Heros were an American Oi!/street punk band formed in 1984 in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. They took a hiatus from 1989–1993, but continued to record and play concerts through the early 2000s. Anti-Heros are one of the first and most popular American Oi! bands. The original lineup consisted of Mark Noah (vocals), Mike Jones (bass), Phil Solomon (drums) and Joe Winograd (guitar). The band released two records on Link Records in the late 1980s, \"\"That's Right!\"\" (produced by John Blackwell) in 1987 and \"\"Don't Tread on Me\"\" (produced by John Blackwell) in 1988. Link manager Mark Brennan never paid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14739601",
"chunk_text": "\"Back Off Boogaloo\"\ncompared to Cipriani's score, which he considers \"\"lazy\"\". Apple Records issued the single on 17 March 1972 in Britain, as Apple R 5944, with a US release taking place three days later, as Apple 1849. It was Starr's first release since \"\"It Don't Come Easy\"\", a year before. During this period, his priority had been to develop a career as an actor in films such as \"\"200 Motels\"\" and \"\"Blindman\"\". Further aligning himself with Britain's glam rock movement, Starr made his directorial debut with \"\"Born to Boogie\"\", a film starring Bolan that included Starr's footage of a T. Rex concert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13472359",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Boy on Poison\"\nit to first principles\"\". They made their first television appearance on \"\"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\"\" on May 21, 2009, publicizing the upcoming album release. On July 7, 2009 their debut album, \"\"Drama Junkie Queen\"\", was released to critical acclaim. Their single \"\"On My Way\"\" has been featured in promos for television shows including \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" and \"\"Entourage\"\", along with spots in several commercials, and finally on the soundtrack for the 2011 video game \"\"\"\". In addition, the group opened for Jet, Stone Temple Pilots, and Weezer. Their name originates from a mis-quote in the novel and film \"\"A Clockwork",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18623645",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Idol (album)\"\nBilly Idol (album) Billy Idol is the eponymous debut studio album by English rock vocalist Billy Idol, released on 16 July 1982 by Chrysalis Records. After the breakup of the band Generation X and the release of his first solo extended play, \"\"Don't Stop\"\" (1981), Idol began working on his debut album. Produced by Keith Forsey, \"\"Billy Idol\"\" is a rock album with strong influences of new wave music. Upon its release, the album received generally positive reviews from music critics and was a commercial success, peaking at number forty-five on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. \"\"Billy Idol\"\" was certified gold by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8774044",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy \"\"The Kid\"\" Emerson\"\nthe nickname \"\"Billy The Kid\"\". He joined the United States Air Force in 1952, and on his discharge met up in Memphis with bandleader Ike Turner, who recruited him into his Kings of Rhythm. In 1954 he released his first record on the Sun label, \"\"No Teasing Around\"\", following which he left Turner's band and joined a group led by Phineas Newborn. He stayed with Sun as a songwriter, writing and recording \"\"When It Rains, It Really Pours\"\", later recorded by Elvis Presley, and \"\"Red Hot\"\", which later became a hit for both Billy Lee Riley and Bob Luman but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19263925",
"chunk_text": "\"Clark Datchler\"\n#1 on the Billboard AOR chart). Several international hits followed, including the anti-war anthem \"\"I Don't Want to Be a Hero\"\" and \"\"Turn Back the Clock\"\". The band's debut album, \"\"Turn Back the Clock\"\", was released in January 1988 and reached #1 in the UK, going double platinum. Datchler wrote most of the songs on this album, including all of the band's hits. Along with being signed to Virgin Records, Datchler signed a music publishing agreement with Virgin Music Publishing. Datchler left Johnny Hates Jazz in 1988 at the height of his fame. He moved to Amsterdam and began work",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10680733",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Chapin\"\nscience fiction B-flick \"\"Tobor the Great\"\", 1954. Two smaller screen appearances then fell into line, one in a film noir, entitled \"\"Naked Alibi\"\", 1954, with Sterling Hayden and Gloria Grahame and another bit role in the famous screen musical \"\"There's No Business Like Show Business\"\", again starring Dan Dailey with Donald O'Connor and Marilyn Monroe, before the boy gained his next memorable screen attentions as the young son of historic clergyman Peter Marshall in \"\"A Man Called Peter\"\" and Victor Mature's screen son in his second film noir: \"\"Violent Saturday\"\", both of which were released in 1955. In between he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1307360",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy May\"\nand \"\"The Front Page\"\" (1974). His compositions for television include \"\"Somewhere in the Night\"\", the theme for \"\"Naked City\"\" (1960), and his jazzy arrangement of \"\"Flight of the Bumblebee\"\" for \"\"The Green Hornet\"\" (1966) with trumpet by Al Hirt. He composed the Batgirl theme for \"\"Batman\"\" (1966). He and Nelson Riddle wrote music for episodes of \"\"Naked City\"\" (1960), \"\"Batman\"\" (1966), \"\"The Green Hornet\"\" (1966), \"\"Emergency!\"\" (1972), and \"\"CHiPs\"\" (1977). May also arranged and produced the song \"\"River of No Return\"\" for Tennessee Ernie Ford for the 1954 film of the same name starring Marilyn Monroe and Robert Mitchum. Billy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2250847",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm No Hero\"\nTwo Bonus tracks (2001 re-issue): I'm No Hero I'm No Hero is a 1980 album by Cliff Richard. It featured the singles \"\"Dreamin'\"\" and \"\"A Little in Love\"\", which were top 20 hits in both the UK and the US. Following the success of his 1979 single \"\"We Don't Talk Anymore\"\" which was written and arranged by Alan Tarney, the record company were keen to use his services again. For the follow-up album in 1980, he was employed as producer for the entire album. This gave \"\"I'm No Hero\"\" a cohesive sound but was criticised at the time for being",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4269417",
"chunk_text": "\"Willie Cobbs\"\nTennessee, owned by Billy Lee Riley. The recording was leased to Vee-Jay Records for release. Cover versions have been recorded by various artists, including the Allman Brothers Band; Grateful Dead; Richie Kotzen; Kaleidoscope; Quicksilver Messenger Service; John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers; Junior Wells; Magic Sam; and Mike Bloomfield, Al Kooper and Stephen Stills on their 1968 album \"\"Super Session\"\". Another cover version was the 1967 rocksteady rendition by Dawn Penn, entitled \"\"You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)\"\". Cobbs later released singles for various labels. He ran nightclubs in Arkansas and Mississippi through the 1970s and 1980s. He went on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5781144",
"chunk_text": "\"I Don't Want to Be a Hero\"\nreluctant to release the single in the U.S. because of its anti-war stance. The song makes references to conscription and propaganda. The international music video for the song was directed by Andy Morahan. In 1988, Japanese singer Yōko Nagayama covered the song, \"\"反逆のヒーロー\"\". I Don't Want to Be a Hero \"\"I Don't Want to be a Hero\"\" is a 1987 song by the British band Johnny Hates Jazz. It reached #11 in the UK top 40 in August 1987 spending 10 weeks on the chart. It is taken from their #1 album \"\"Turn Back the Clock\"\". The song was written",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7578598",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Not Your Hero\"\nHero\"\" was first available for digital download in the United Kingdom as part of their compilation extended play called \"\"In Your Head: An Introduction to Tegan and Sara\"\", which was issued on October 19, 2012. On October 21, it was released as a promotional single for worldwide streaming. It received mostly positive reviews from critics upon its release, some calling it one of the best songs off \"\"Heartthrob\"\". Brodsky described it as \"\"a track that honors their previous work but shows their dedication to musical development.\"\" Bryne Yancey of Punknews.org wrote the song \"\"blows out its chorus rather impressively from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13286254",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Idol\"\nwas, we were all building our music on the Beatles and the Stones\"\". Generation X signed with Chrysalis Records and released three albums and performed in the 1980 film, \"\"D.O.A.\"\", before disbanding. Idol moved to New York City in 1981 and became a solo artist, working with former Kiss manager Bill Aucoin. Idol's punk-like image worked well with the glam rock style of his new partner on guitar, Steve Stevens. Together they worked with bassist Phil Feit and drummer Gregg Gerson. Idol's solo career began with the Chrysalis Records EP titled \"\"Don't Stop\"\" in 1981, which included the Generation X",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "50741",
"chunk_text": "\"David Peoples\"\nof World War II, and therefore make the project independent from the early script. A number of Peoples' other original screenplays were sold during the 1980s, many after undergoing lengthy studio development periods before seeing production: \"\"Unforgiven\"\", \"\"Soldier\"\", and \"\"The Blood of Heroes\"\". The Blood of Heroes was directed by Peoples and starred Rutger Hauer. Peoples received his greatest recognition for \"\"Unforgiven\"\" (1992). He had originally written the script in 1976, when it had the title \"\"The William Munny Killings\"\") and appearing in theaters in 1992. Peoples' screwball comedy \"\"Hero\"\" also appeared in 1992. Later in 1992, Peoples began work",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10887885",
"chunk_text": "\"The Story of Billy\"\nTonight\"\" and \"\"Don't Wanna Wake Up\"\" were both released on 24 July 2012. \"\"Baby Tonight\"\" is written and composed by Pan himself, \"\"Don't Wanna Wake Up\"\" is the Mandarin version of \"\"Baby Tonight\"\" and the lyrics is penned by Taiwan lyricist Yao Ruo Long. On 25 July 2012, the music videos of \"\"Baby Tonight\"\" and \"\"Don't Wanna Wake Up\"\" were released on Pan's official YouTube video channel. After the debut of two teasers, the official music video of the title track \"\"The Story of Billy\"\" directed by Korean music video director Hong Won-ki (Zanybros) and MV concept contributed by Will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8003409",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Jack\"\nwith session musicians providing the backing, and credited to the band Coven, became a Top 40 hit in 1971. All compositions by Mundell Lowe, except as indicated. Marketed as an action film, the story focuses on the plight of Native Americans during the civil rights era. It attained a cult following among younger audiences due to its youth-oriented, anti-authority message and the then-novel martial arts fight scenes which predate the Bruce Lee/kung fu movie trend that followed. The centerpiece of the film features Billy Jack, enraged over the mistreatment of his Indian friends, fighting racist thugs using hapkido techniques. Billy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2971603",
"chunk_text": "\"Heroes (Mark O'Connor album)\"\nOn \"\"Nomad\"\": also Heroes (Mark O'Connor album) Heroes is an album by Mark O'Connor, in which he plays duets alongside his childhood fiddle heroes, including Jean-Luc Ponty, Benny Thomasson, Byron Berline, Stéphane Grappelli, Johnny Gimble, and others. It crosses a variety of musical genres and contains recordings made from 1976 to 1992. with On \"\"New Country\"\": On \"\"The Devil Comes Back to Georgia\"\": On \"\"Fiddlin' Around\"\": On \"\"Gold Rush\"\": On \"\"House of the Rising Sun\"\": On \"\"Diggy Diggy Lo\"\": On \"\"Sweet Jole Blon\"\": On \"\"Sadness/Darlin' Waltz\"\": On \"\"Jerusalem's Ridge\"\": On \"\"Sally Johnson\"\": On \"\"Ashokan Farewell\"\": On \"\"This Can't Be Love\"\":",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17118756",
"chunk_text": "\"Ode to Billy Joe (film)\"\nevent. The film opened nationwide on June 4, 1976. Ode to Billy Joe (Sound Track from Max Baer's Motion Picture) is the soundtrack album to the 1976 film \"\"Ode to Billy Joe\"\". It was released on May 10, 1976, by Warner Bros. Records. The album was issued on CD for the first time in 2017 by California based label Kritzerland. Bobbie Gentry re-recorded her iconic hit song, \"\"Ode to Billie Joe\"\", for the film, with the spelling of the title character's name changed to \"\"Billy\"\". Gentry stated that the original spelling had been a typo, this is corroborated by her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2971602",
"chunk_text": "\"Heroes (Mark O'Connor album)\"\nHeroes (Mark O'Connor album) Heroes is an album by Mark O'Connor, in which he plays duets alongside his childhood fiddle heroes, including Jean-Luc Ponty, Benny Thomasson, Byron Berline, Stéphane Grappelli, Johnny Gimble, and others. It crosses a variety of musical genres and contains recordings made from 1976 to 1992. with On \"\"New Country\"\": On \"\"The Devil Comes Back to Georgia\"\": On \"\"Fiddlin' Around\"\": On \"\"Gold Rush\"\": On \"\"House of the Rising Sun\"\": On \"\"Diggy Diggy Lo\"\": On \"\"Sweet Jole Blon\"\": On \"\"Sadness/Darlin' Waltz\"\": On \"\"Jerusalem's Ridge\"\": On \"\"Sally Johnson\"\": On \"\"Ashokan Farewell\"\": On \"\"This Can't Be Love\"\": On \"\"Ain't Misbehavin\"\"':",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_472
|
who is mowgli's main enemy in the jungle book?
|
n/a
|
[
"Shere Khan"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7319573",
"chunk_text": "\"The Second Jungle Book: Mowgli & Baloo\"\nMowgli is a 10-year-old boy has been brought up in the jungle of India by his animal friends: the wolf pack, Baloo the bear and Bagheera the panther. However, Mowgli also has enemies in the jungle: Shere Khan, the vicious tiger who killed the boy's father; and the Bandar-log, who are hated by nearly all animals of the jungle. After being found by Shere Khan and running away, Mowgli hears a train coming his way on the train tracks. The conductor stops the train when Mowgli is seen by humans. An American circus scout named Harrison, who is traveling through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15424199",
"chunk_text": "\"Mowgli's Brothers\"\npersuading the younger wolves to depose their leader Akela. When Mowgli is about 11 years old, Bagheera tells him of Shere Khan's plan. Mowgli, being human, is the only creature in the jungle that does not fear fire, so he steals a pot of burning coals from a nearby village in order to use it against Shere Khan. The young wolves prevent Akela from catching his prey, and at that night's meeting, Shere Khan demands that Akela be killed and the man-cub given to him. Mowgli, despite being naked and unprotected, relentlessly attacks Shere Khan with a burning branch and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17568568",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\nfamily. In later stories in The Jungle Book's sequel, \"\"The Second Jungle Book\"\", Mowgli learns that the villagers are planning to kill Messua and her husband for harboring him. He rescues them and sends elephants, water buffaloes, and other animals to trample the village and it's fields to the ground. Later, finds and then discards an ancient treasure (\"\"The King's Ankus\"\") not realising it is so valuable that men would kill to own it. With the aid of Kaa the python, he leads the wolves in a war against the Dhole (\"\"Red Dog\"\"). Finally, Mowgli stumbles across the village where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573638",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\nand persuades both of them to sleep on it. During the night, Mowgli finds a herd of Indian elephants gathered around a ditch and uses his vines to save a baby elephant from the ditch. Although Baloo and Bagheera are impressed, Baloo realizes that he cannot guarantee Mowgli's safety after learning that he is being hunted by Shere Khan. Baloo agrees to push Mowgli away to get him to continue onward to the man village. Mowgli is kidnapped by a gang of monkeys known as the \"\"Bandar-log\"\", who present him to their leader, a giant ape named King Louie. Assuming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573640",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\na wildfire in the process. He confronts Shere Khan, who argues that Mowgli has made himself the enemy of the jungle by causing the wildfire. Mowgli throws the torch into the water, giving Shere Khan the advantage. Baloo, Bagheera, and the wolf pack intervene and hold Shere Khan off, giving Mowgli enough time to set a trap. He lures Shere Khan up a dead tree and onto a branch, which breaks under the tiger's weight, and Shere Khan falls into the fire to his death. Mowgli then directs the elephants to divert the river and put out the fire. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14717479",
"chunk_text": "\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\nchase the young wolves and test their strength, continually chases Mowgli and causes him to fail when he would have come in first. As Baloo confronts Bagheera over the issue, Mowgli is kidnapped by the Bandar-log, a gang of monkeys, on Tabaqui's orders for Shere Khan. Shere Khan attempts to eat Mowgli while he is unconscious, but is stopped by Baloo and Bagheera. However, during their battle with Shere Khan's minions, they are overwhelmed and it is only the intervention of Kaa herself that saves Mowgli. Mowgli learns that Kaa has been watching him and that she believes that he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1298814",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\nthanks to the bee horde, and the Seeonee Jungles are safe once more. Akela then lets forth his last triumphant warcry. Mowgli stood at the head of a wolf pack. Finally it's time to pay the principal enemy of Mowgli tiger Shere Khan, who broke the law truce during a drought... but to slay him, Mowgli must devise a plan to trap him and his bumbling majordomo Tabaqui in the ravine using the buffalo herds. Plan A fails when Shere Khan leaps to a high platform, with Mowgli hot on his tail. After a short brawl, Mowgli is able to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18803141",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book: Mowgli's Story\"\nhand over Mowgli. Raksha and Akela refuse, saying that Mowgli is their son. Bagheera and Baloo arrive and swear to protect Mowgli from Shere Khan. Shere Khan then assures Mowgli that one day, he will get his revenge, when the pack, Bagheera, or Baloo won't be able to protect him. Bagheera and Baloo attempt to teach Mowgli how to hunt, only resulting in failed attempts from Mowgli. Bagheera then makes Mowgli look into her eyes, a trick Shere Khan uses on his victims, believing it will prepare Mowgli, should he ever encounter Shere Khan alone. Mowgli learns the lesson and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19246712",
"chunk_text": "Bagheera\nBagheera Bagheera (; \"\"Baghīrā\"\"/\"\"Bagīdah\"\") is a fictional character in Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli stories in the \"\"Jungle Book\"\" (coll. 1894) and the \"\"Second Jungle Book\"\" (coll. 1895). He is a black panther (melanistic Indian leopard) who serves as friend, protector and mentor to the \"\"man-cub\"\" Mowgli. The word \"\"bagheera\"\" is Hindi/Urdu for black panther-- although the root word bagh means tiger. Born in captivity in the menagerie of the Raja of Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, Bagheera begins to plan for his freedom after his mother dies. Once he is mature and strong enough, he breaks the lock on his cage and escapes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573637",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\nalso warns of the destructive power of the \"\"red flower\"\" (fire). Kaa attempts to devour Mowgli, but she is attacked by a large Himalayan brown bear named Baloo, who rescues the unconscious Mowgli. Baloo and Mowgli bond while retrieving some difficult-to-access honey for Baloo, and the boy agrees to stay with Baloo until the winter season arrives. Upon learning that Mowgli has left the jungle, Shere Khan kills Akela and threatens the pack to lure Mowgli out. Bagheera eventually finds Mowgli and Baloo and is angered that Mowgli has not joined the humans as agreed, but Baloo calms him down",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17568561",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\nMowgli Mowgli is a fictional character and the protagonist of Rudyard Kipling's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" stories. He is a naked feral child from the Pench area in Seoni, India, who originally appeared in Kipling's short story \"\"In the Rukh\"\" (collected in \"\"Many Inventions\"\", 1893) and then went on to become the most prominent and memorable character in his collections \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" and \"\"The Second Jungle Book\"\" (1894–1895), which also featured stories about other characters. In the stories, the name Mowgli is said to mean \"\"frog\"\", describing his lack of fur. Kipling made up the name, and it \"\"does not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17568565",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\nlack of fur and his refusal to sit still. Shere Khan the tiger demands that they give him the baby but the wolves refuse. Mowgli grows up with the pack, hunting with his brother wolves. In the pack, Mowgli learns he is able to stare down any wolf, and his unique ability to remove the painful thorns from the paws of his brothers is deeply appreciated as well. Bagheera, the black panther, befriends Mowgli because both he and Mowgli have parallel childhood experiences; as Bagheera often mentions, he was \"\"raised in the King's cages at Oodeypore\"\" from a cub, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573636",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\nissues a warning that he will kill Mowgli at the end of the drought. After the drought ends, the wolves debate whether they should keep Mowgli or not. Mowgli decides to leave the jungle for the safety of his pack. Bagheera agrees with the decision and volunteers to guide him to the nearby man village. En route, Shere Khan ambushes them and injures Bagheera, but Mowgli manages to escape. Later, Mowgli meets an enormous python named Kaa, who hypnotizes him. While under her influence, Mowgli sees a vision of his father being killed by Shere Khan while protecting him, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12428354",
"chunk_text": "\"The Second Jungle Book: Mowgli & Baloo\"\nBuldeo is none other than Mowgli's paternal uncle: he knows that with Mowgli alive, he may be denied access to his late brother's wealth. The men soon meet a snake charmer, Karait, and his pet python, Kaa. Buldeo leads the men into the jungle to capture Mowgli, but secretly has plans to murder him. Using Kaa, the men kidnap Mowgli and take him to their camp. That night, Mowgli escapes during a battle with Shere Khan. Buldeo finds the boy and almost kills him, but fails due to Harrison's intervention. Mowgli is then placed in a cage. The next morning,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12952836",
"chunk_text": "Baloo\nBaloo Baloo ( \"\"Bhālū\"\", \"\"bear\"\") is a main fictional character featured in Rudyard Kipling's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" from 1894 and \"\"The Second Jungle Book\"\" from 1895. Baloo, a sloth bear, is the strict teacher of the cubs of the Seeonee wolf pack. His most challenging pupil is the \"\"man-cub\"\" Mowgli. Baloo and Bagheera, a panther, save Mowgli from Shere Khan the tiger and endeavor to teach Mowgli the Law of the Jungle in many of \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" stories. He is described in Kipling's work as \"\"the sleepy brown bear\"\". Robert Armitage Sterndale, from whom Kipling derived most of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18111028",
"chunk_text": "\"Shere Khan\"\nKhan onto a dead strangler fig tree and eventually defeats him by causing him to fall into a pit of fire to his death, ending his tyranny once and for all. Shere Khan Shere Khan (; ) is a fictional Bengal tiger and the main antagonist of Rudyard Kipling's \"\"Jungle Book\"\" and its adaptations. According to The Kipling Society, the word \"\"Shere\"\" (or \"\"\"\"shir\"\"\"\") translates as \"\"tiger\"\" and \"\"Khan\"\" is a title of distinction, used together \"\"to show that he is chief among tigers.\"\" Other sources indicate \"\"Shere\"\" may mean \"\"tiger\"\" or \"\"lion\"\" in Persian, Urdu, and Punjabi, and that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12540992",
"chunk_text": "\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\nbeing raised by Nisha and Vihaan, only for Tabaqui, Shere Khan's hyena follower, to find the boy before he is chased off. They take the infant Mowgli before the wolf council and Akela, the pack leader, to decide his fate, with Bagheera buying his life with a kill and Baloo strong-armed into agreeing. Shere Khan arrives to kill Mowgli, but Akela stops him, saying the boy is now a member of the pack and forces Shere Khan to leave, but not before the tiger vows to return. For many years after, Mowgli lives amongst the wolf pack. One day, Mowgli",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387606",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1994 film)\"\nthem to the treasure, Katherine and her father shall live. That night, the group learn Shere Khan is hunting them, enraged at Baloo being shot. Because of this, Mowgli decides to escape. The next morning, Harley catches Mowgli escaping with the aid of Bagheera and chases him, only to fall into quicksand and drown, despite Wilkins' attempts to save him. Mowgli then has an elephant take the injured Brydon back to the village, after promising him to rescue Katherine. As the day progresses, Mowgli kills Tabaqui in self-defense when the latter attacks and tries to murder him. As the group",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191265",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1994 film)\"\njungle guide, Tabaqui, and gather some bandits to capture Mowgli in order to find out where the treasure is. Wilkins and Boone shoot Baloo when he comes to Mowgli's defense, much to Mowgli's distress. Buldeo and the bandits then ambush Katherine and her father, who is shot and wounded in the process. Even though Mowgli, along with Bagheera, Grey Brother, and the rest of the wolves, attack and kill most of the bandits, Buldeo manages to capture Katherine and her father and hands them over to Boone and his men, who plan to use them as blackmail: If Mowgli leads",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10395631",
"chunk_text": "\"Jungle Book (1942 film)\"\nbody, Buldeo arrives. He threatens Mowgli with a gun, but is attacked by Mowgli's friend Bagheera, the black panther. Buldeo becomes convinced that Bagheera is Mowgli himself, shape-shifted into panther form. He tells the villagers that Mowgli is a witch, as is his mother. Mowgli is chained up and threatened with death, but escapes with his mother's help. However, she and another villager who tries to defend her are tied up and themselves threatened with burning for witchcraft. Mowgli is followed by the greedy Buldeo and two friends, a priest and a barber, to the lost city. They find the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6959265",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book\"\nShere Khan, represents the \"\"malevolent would-be foster-parent\"\" who Mowgli in the end outwits and destroys, just as Kipling as a boy had to face Mrs Holloway in place of his parents. Ricketts writes that in \"\"Mowgli's Brothers\"\", the hero loses his human parents at the outset, and his wolf fosterers at the conclusion; and Mowgli is again rejected at the end of \"\"Tiger! Tiger!\"\", but each time is compensated by \"\"a queue of would-be foster-parents\"\" including the wolves, Baloo, Bagheera and Kaa. In Ricketts's view, the power that Mowgli has over all these characters who compete for his affection is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18803140",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book: Mowgli's Story\"\nthe vulture, and Hathi the elephant. One day, Hathi takes Mowgli for a ride on his back in order to give him a tour of the jungle. Mowgli learns that man poses a danger to the jungle and the animals after seeing part of the jungle destroyed by fire. During a pack meeting, Mowgli and his wolf sister, Little Raksha (both of whom are now older) are chosen to become hunters for the pack, much to the dismay of the wolf bullies. Shere Khan (now wanting revenge after being shot by a human) confronts the wolf pack and demands they",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18803139",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book: Mowgli's Story\"\nhe was raised by wild animals and rediscovered humans again as a teenager. It was distributed by Walt Disney Pictures on September 29, 1998. In the jungle of India, a group of villagers are sightseeing. Later that night, Shere Khan the tiger (Sherman Howard), and his sidekick Tabaqui the hyena (Stephen Tobolowsky) attack the villagers. A young boy named Mowgli (Brandon Baker) runs off in search of his parents, only to get lost. He is eventually taken into a wolf pack by wolf parents, Akela (Clancy Brown) and Raksha (Peri Gilpin). Mowgli befriends Baloo the bear, Bagheera the panther, Chil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4229351",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\nabout whether or not they should allow him to stay until they see Maugli pinch the nose of Tabaqui, who came up to taunt him. At this point, however, Shere Khan appears and demands that he be given his prey. Akela, also known as \"\"The Lone Wolf\"\" and patriarch of the pack, refuses to listen, so Raksha and Baloo (the white-chested bear who instructs the young wolf cubs) come to his defence, but Shere Khan is undeterred until Bagheera also appears and offers the wolf pack a freshly killed bull in return for keeping Maugli alive. Shere Khan is forced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "788314",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\naccurate pastiche of Kipling's style. \"\"Hunting Mowgli\"\" (2001) by Maxim Antinori () is a very short novel which describes a fateful meeting between Mowgli and a human hunter. \"\"The Jungle Book: Last of the Species\"\" (2013) by Mark L Miller () is a series of comic books that tells a story of a female Mowgli who unintentionally started a war between animal tribes after killing Shere Khan to avenge the fallen of the wolf tribe. Mowgli has been played by many male actors. In the 1942 film adaptation, Mowgli was played by Sabu Dastagir. In the 1994 film adaptation, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19246743",
"chunk_text": "Bagheera\nworried about what his child will find around the next corner, the big cat who knows he has to let go just a little but can't find it in himself to do so\"\". Bagheera Bagheera (; \"\"Baghīrā\"\"/\"\"Bagīdah\"\") is a fictional character in Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli stories in the \"\"Jungle Book\"\" (coll. 1894) and the \"\"Second Jungle Book\"\" (coll. 1895). He is a black panther (melanistic Indian leopard) who serves as friend, protector and mentor to the \"\"man-cub\"\" Mowgli. The word \"\"bagheera\"\" is Hindi/Urdu for black panther-- although the root word bagh means tiger. Born in captivity in the menagerie of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4229355",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\nKhan through the use of the Red Flower. A terrible threat looms over the wolf tribe and all those living in the jungle. A large pack of dholes descends on the jungle, destroying everything in its path. It seemed that nothing can resist them, but Mowgli comes up as to oppose them. Tabaqui, nosy as always, reports the preparations for war to his master, Shere Khan; who muses the wolves forgot the rules of the jungle. Saying that it's every beast for themselves now, the big cat suggests heading north to wait for the battle to be over with, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4229354",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\nare nearly caught in the trap as well until they are pulled away by Maugli, after which they leave the scene. Mowgli has grown, and to enable him to take his rightful place in the pack, he needs to arm himself. Python Kaa helps Mowgli find an \"\"iron tooth\"\", - a knife, in an abandoned cave guarded by an ancient white Indian cobra. This happens just in time, because the old enemy tiger Shere Khan raises havoc in the pack, intending to overthrow the leader of the pack; Akela. Only the intervention of Mowgli saves the pack leader from Shere",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4229350",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\nHe taunts them and says that the wolf pack will decide. Meanwhile, Tabaqui runs around the whole jungle and tells all the animals that a wolf pack has adopted a human. A moment later, Bagheera, the melanistic Indian leopard, is minding her business when Tabaqui appears to tell her the news. Bagheera scolds him for spreading malicious falsehoods, then puts up quite a display that causes Shere Khan to walk away with hatred. The elders of the wolf pack watch a performance of the wolf cubs and Maugli, with Maugli matching the cubs' every step. The elders are evenly split",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7622622",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1967 film)\"\nhim to a mother wolf who has just had cubs. She raises him along with her own cubs and Mowgli soon becomes well acquainted with jungle life and plays with his wolf siblings. Ten years later, the wolf tribe learns that Shere Khan, a man-eating Bengal tiger, has returned to the jungle and realize that Mowgli must be taken to the \"\"Man-Village\"\" for his (and their) own safety. Bagheera volunteers to escort him back. They leave that very night, but Mowgli is determined to stay in the jungle. He and Bagheera rest in a tree for the night, where Kaa,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573635",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\nways of the wolves, but the boy faces certain challenges and falls behind his wolf siblings, while Akela disapproves of him using human \"\"tricks\"\", like building tools, instead of learning the ways of the pack. One day, during the dry season, the jungle animals gather to drink the water that remains as part of a truce during a drought that enables the jungle's wildlife to drink without fear of being eaten by their predators. The truce is disrupted when a fire-scarred tiger named Shere Khan arrives, detecting Mowgli's scent in the large crowd. Resentful against man for scarring him, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17902309",
"chunk_text": "Kaa\nKaa seems to serve King Louie, killing any intruders to the city when Louie summons him. Kaa attacks Mowgli inside the monkey city by tackling him into the moat and attempting to drown him, but Mowgli wounds him with a bejewelled dagger, forcing the python to flee in a pool of his own blood. By the time Mowgli returns to the city with Captain William Boone (the main villain of the film) and Kitty, Kaa has fully healed from their prior confrontation. After defeating Boone, Mowgli flees with Kitty when he hears King Louie summoning the python. Boone starts gathering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8573634",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (2016 film)\"\nsuccess, grossing over $966 million, making it the fifth-highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 40th-highest-grossing film of all time, and was praised for its visual effects, musical score, direction, faithfulness to the original animated film, and vocal performances, particularly those of Murray, Kingsley, and Elba. At the 89th Academy Awards, the film won the award for Best Visual Effects. Mowgli is a \"\"man cub\"\" raised by the wolf Raksha and her pack, led by Akela, in an Indian jungle ever since he was brought to them as a baby by the black panther Bagheera. Bagheera trains Mowgli to learn the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16924313",
"chunk_text": "Kaa\nKaa Kaa is a fictional character from \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" stories written by Rudyard Kipling. Kaa is one of Mowgli's trusted mentors and friends. First introduced in the story \"\"Kaa's Hunting\"\" in \"\"The Jungle Book\"\", Kaa is a huge and powerful snake, more than 100 years old and still in his prime. In \"\"Kaa's Hunting\"\", Bagheera and Baloo enlist Kaa's help to rescue Mowgli when the man-cub is kidnapped by Bandar-log (monkeys) and taken to an abandoned human city called the Cold Lairs. Kaa breaks down the wall of the building in which Mowgli is imprisoned in and uses his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387601",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1994 film)\"\nthe tour group. That night Mowgli tells his father of a dream where he faced Shere Khan and showed no fear, becoming a tiger himself. Shere Khan attacks the encampment. He succeeds in killing the two soldiers, but when he tries to kill Buldeo, Nathoo defends him, who ungratefully leaves Nathoo to be mauled to death by the tiger. In the confusion, Mowgli is lost in the jungle with his pet wolf cub, Grey Brother. Brydon and his men believe Mowgli has been killed too. Mowgli is taken by Bagheera, a gentle black panther, to the wolf pack. Mowgli also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14717481",
"chunk_text": "\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\nraised by the kindly Messua and learning hunting and life skills from Lockwood. However, Mowgli's attitude towards Lockwood changes when he sees that Lockwood hunts for sport and has killed Bhoot, a wolf cub friend of Mowgli. He also learns that Shere Khan has driven the wolves to the edge of the jungle. Mowgli meets with Baloo, Bagheera and the wolf pack, declaring that Shere Khan must die. The animals feel obligated to remain out of the conflict as it would break jungle law to fight Shere Khan. Regardless, Mowgli proceeds with his plan and lures Shere Khan to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17568564",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\nraised by a pack of wolves in the jungle (explaining the scars on his elbows and knees from going on all fours). Mowgli marries the daughter of Gisborne's butler, Abdul Gafur. By the end of the story, Mowgli has a son and is back to living with his wolf brothers. Kipling then proceeded to write the stories of Mowgli's childhood in detail in \"\"The Jungle Book\"\". Lost by his parents as a baby in the Indian jungle during a tiger attack, he is adopted by the Wolf Mother (Raksha) and Father Wolf, who call him Mowgli (frog) because of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7622625",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1967 film)\"\nsearch of Mowgli, Bagheera rallies the help of Hathi and his patrol. However, Shere Khan himself, who was eavesdropping on Bagheera and Hathi's conversation, is now determined to hunt and kill Mowgli himself. Meanwhile, Mowgli has encountered Kaa once again, but thanks to the unwitting intervention of the suspicious Shere Khan, Mowgli escapes. As a storm gathers, a depressed Mowgli encounters a group of friendly vultures who accept Mowgli as a fellow outcast. Shere Khan appears shortly after, scaring off the vultures and confronting Mowgli. Baloo rushes to the rescue and tries to keep Shere Khan away from Mowgli, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18803145",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book: Mowgli's Story\"\nKhan falls for Mowgli's trap, a large circle made from vines. With Shere Khan in the circle, Mowgli sets the vines on fire using a match he found at the wooden house back at Monkey Town, trapping Shere Khan by surrounding him with flames. Mowgli then banishes Shere Khan from the jungle as Bagheera, Baloo, Little Raksha, Hathi and the wolf bullies look on. Shere Khan swears never to return to the jungle, so Mowgli allows him to leave. Mowgli is praised by everyone, including the wolf bullies, who admit that they were wrong about him. The role of leader",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1298807",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventures of Mowgli\"\narise. The story starts with a golden jackal named Tabaqui walking towards his master, the dreaded tiger known as Shere Khan, who stretches himself, and then walks to the spot of a camp with Tabaqui guiding him. Out of cruelty and hatred, Shere Khan leaps towards the campsite. Whilst doing so, he accidentally burns his right forepaw, forcing a young child, Mowgli, to wander into a wolf cave in the jungle. At that point, Shere Khan (accompanied by his servant Tabaqui) appears at the entrance and demands that the wolves give him his prey, but the wolf mother Raksha refuses.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17837964",
"chunk_text": "Bagheera\nthis plan can be implemented, a group of monkeys led by the \"\"Gigantopithecus\"\" King Louie, abduct Mowgli to try to learn of the secret of fire. Working together, Bagheera and Baloo fight off the monkeys long enough for Mowgli to hide from King Louie, and the resulting chase causes in the ape king's presumed demise. After word of the death of Akela by Shere Khan's hand reaches Mowgli, the boy is furious with Bagheera and Baloo for keeping the news from him. He then runs away and steals a burning torch from the man-village (accidentally starting a forest fire in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387602",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1994 film)\"\nbefriends a bear cub named Baloo. Twenty years later, Mowgli, now a young man, discovers Monkey City, a legendary ancient city filled with treasure belonging to King Louie the Orangutan, who has his treasure guarded by Kaa the python. Forced to fight for his life, Mowgli succeeds in wounding the snake with a golden dagger that he retrieves from the treasure horde. Winning King Louie's respect, Mowgli keeps the dagger as a trophy. Elsewhere, Katherine and her father are still stationed in India. She and Mowgli meet again, but neither recognize the other. Katherine is also in a relationship with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16924314",
"chunk_text": "Kaa\nserpentine hypnosis to draw the monkeys toward his waiting jaws. Bagheera and Baloo are also hypnotized, but Mowgli is immune because he is human and breaks the spell on his friends. In \"\"The Second Jungle Book\"\", Kaa appears in the first half of the story \"\"The King's Ankus\"\". After Kaa and Mowgli spend some time relaxing, bathing and wrestling, Kaa persuades Mowgli to visit a treasure chamber guarded by an old cobra beneath the same Cold Lairs. The cobra tries to kill Mowgli but its poison has dried up. Mowgli takes a jeweled item away as a souvenir, not realizing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19002810",
"chunk_text": "Mowgli\nwas played by Sean Naegeli as a child, and later throughout the film he was played by Jason Scott Lee. In \"\"\"\", he was played by Jamie Williams. In \"\"\"\", he was played by Brandon Baker. Mowgli was played by Neel Sethi in the Disney live-action reimagination, which was released in 3D in April 2016. Mowgli was played by Rohan Chand in the Netflix film \"\"\"\", which was released on November 29, 2018. Mowgli Mowgli is a fictional character and the protagonist of Rudyard Kipling's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" stories. He is a naked feral child from the Pench area in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9681936",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (franchise)\"\nfamily, so his girlfriend, Shanti, along with his adopted younger brother, Ranjan, journeys into the jungle to find him. But all is not well there. Mowgli's old foe, the fierce tiger Shere Khan, is out to get revenge on him, being more determined to kill him than ever. \"\"Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book\"\" is a 1994 live-action film co-written and directed by Stephen Sommers, based on the Mowgli stories in \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" and \"\"The Second Jungle Book\"\" written by Rudyard Kipling. The film stars Jason Scott Lee as Mowgli, Cary Elwes as his adversary Captain Boone, and Lena Headey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4017540",
"chunk_text": "\"King Louie\"\nKhan in exchange for the secret of making fire, which he and his fellow Bandar Log plan to use to take over the jungle. While accommodating and friendly at first, Louie quickly becomes spiteful and impatient, refusing to believe Mowgli's protests that he does not know how to make fire. He is briefly distracted by the appearance of Baloo, allowing Mowgli to be rescued by Bagheera. However, they are spotted by one of Louie's pig-tailed macaque servants, and Louie orders the trio to be captured. Emerging from the temple, Louie finds his Bandar Log too preoccupied fighting Bagheera and Baloo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10395629",
"chunk_text": "\"Jungle Book (1942 film)\"\nbe conquered. However, when he is speaking about these dreams, an attack by Shere Khan, the tiger, leads to the death of a man and the loss of the man's child. The child is adopted by wolves in the jungle and grows to be the wild youth Mowgli. Years later, Mowgli is captured by the villagers and taken in by his mother Messua, though she does not recognize him as her lost child. He learns to speak and tries to imitate the ways of men, as well as becomes friendly with Buldeo's daughter, Mahala – much to Buldeo's distress, since",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2724960",
"chunk_text": "Baloo\na drill sergeant who pushes Mowgli to understand the rules of the jungle. In the original novel, Baloo is described as a brown bear. In the 1967 Walt Disney's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\", he's portrayed as a Sloth bear, meanwhile in the Russian version, he's portrayed as an Asian black bear. In the 1994 remake of \"\"The Jungle Book\"\", Baloo is portrayed by a Cinnamon bear. In the live-action television shows and movies, Baloo is portrayed by an American black bear. Baloo Baloo ( \"\"Bhālū\"\", \"\"bear\"\") is a main fictional character featured in Rudyard Kipling's \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" from 1894 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7622623",
"chunk_text": "\"The Jungle Book (1967 film)\"\na hungry Indian python, tries to devour Mowgli, but Bagheera intervenes. The next morning, Mowgli tries to join the elephant patrol led by Colonel Hathi and his wife Winifred. Bagheera finds Mowgli, but after a fight decides to leave Mowgli on his own. Mowgli soon meets up with the laid-back, fun-loving sloth bear Baloo, who promises to raise Mowgli himself and never take him back to the Man-Village. Shortly afterwards, a group of monkeys kidnap Mowgli and take him to their leader, King Louie the orangutan. King Louie offers to help Mowgli stay in the jungle if he will tell",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3956114",
"chunk_text": "\"Jungle Book (1942 film)\"\nhe is convinced that the wild Mowgli is dangerous. When Mowgli and Mahala explore the jungle, they discover a hidden chamber in a ruined palace, containing fabulous wealth. Warned by an aged cobra that the wealth brings death, they leave, but Mahala takes one coin as a memento. When Buldeo sees the coin, he tries to force Mowgli to tell him where the treasure is, but Mowgli refuses. Buldeo resolves to follow Mowgli to the site of the treasure. Later Mowgli fights and kills Shere Khan, with some last minute help from Kaa, the python. As he is skinning the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_473
|
when did the tradition of self government began in america?
|
n/a
|
[
"1783"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19705935",
"chunk_text": "\"Republicanism in the United States\"\nRepublicanism in the United States Modern republicanism is a guiding political philosophy of the United States that has been a major part of American civic thought since its founding. It stresses \"\"liberty\"\" and \"\"unalienable individual rights\"\" as central values, making people sovereign as a whole; rejects monarchy, aristocracy and inherited political power, expects citizens to be virtuous and faithful in their performance of civic duties, and vilifies corruption. American republicanism was articulated and first practiced by the Founding Fathers in the 18th century. For them, \"\"republicanism represented more than a particular form of government. It was a way of life,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7970797",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (1776–1789)\"\nthe federal government's powers of defense and taxation with the Constitution of the United States of America in 1789, still in effect today. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the British colonies in America had been largely left to their own devices by the crown; it was called salutary neglect. The colonies were thus largely self-governing; half the white men in America could vote, compared to one percent in Britain. They developed their own political identities and systems which were in many ways separate from those in Britain. This new ideology was a decidedly republican political viewpoint, which rejected royalty,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18012986",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States Constitution\"\nburning down the offending tyrant's home. The government of the First and Second Continental Congress, the period from September 1774 to March 1, 1781 is referred to as the Revolutionary Congress. Beginning in 1777, the substantial powers assumed by Congress \"\"made the league of states as cohesive and strong as any similar sort of republican confederation in history\"\". The process created the United States \"\"by the people in collectivity, rather than by the individual states\"\", because only four had state constitutions at the time of the Declaration of Independence founding the nation, and three of those were provisional. Prior to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "320646",
"chunk_text": "\"History of direct democracy in the United States\"\nHistory of direct democracy in the United States The history of direct democracy amongst non-Native Americans in the United States dates from the 1630s in the New England Colonies. Many New England towns still carry on that tradition in the form of open town meetings. Beginning in 1878, millions of American farmers began banding together to break the post-Civil War, small-farmer enslaving crop-lien system with co-operative economics. When they were bested by corrupt and abusive practices of the national financial sector, they attempted to improve their circumstances by forming the People's Party and engaging in populist politics. Again they were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19286979",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States\"\nfear of corruption. For the Founding Fathers, according to one team of historians, \"\"republicanism represented more than a particular form of government. It was a way of life, a core ideology, an uncompromising commitment to liberty, and a total rejection of aristocracy.\"\" The Thirteen Colonies began a rebellion against British rule in 1775 and proclaimed their independence in 1776 as the United States of America. In the American Revolutionary War (1775–83) the Americans captured the British invasion army at Saratoga in 1777, secured the Northeast and encouraged the French to make a military alliance with the United States. France brought",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7970796",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (1776–1789)\"\nHistory of the United States (1776–1789) Between 1776 and 1789, the United States of America emerged as an independent country, creating and ratifying its new constitution and establishing its national government. In order to assert their traditional rights, American Patriots seized control of the colonies and launched a war for independence. The Americans declared independence on July 4, 1776, proclaiming \"\"all men are created equal\"\". Congress raised the Continental Army under the command of General George Washington, forged a military alliance with France and defeated the two main British invasion armies. Nationalists replaced the governing Articles of Confederation to strengthen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12686459",
"chunk_text": "\"Popular sovereignty in the United States\"\nThe proposal would have given the power to determine the legality of slavery to the inhabitants of the territory seeking statehood, rather than to Congress. The concept of popular sovereignty (from which the consent of the governed derives its importance) did not originate in North America; its intellectual roots can be traced back to 17th- and 18th-century European political philosophy. The American contribution was the translation of these ideas into a formal structure of government. Before the American Revolution, there were few examples of a people creating their own government. Most had experienced government as an inheritance—as monarchies or other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11730154",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolution\"\nand attitudes. Loyalties and allegiances varied widely within regions and communities and even within families, and sometimes shifted during the course of the Revolution. The American Enlightenment was a critical precursor of the American Revolution. Chief among the ideas of the American Enlightenment were the concepts of Natural Law, Natural Rights, Consent of the Governed, Individualism, Property Rights, Self-Ownership, Self-Determination, liberalism, republicanism and fear of corruption. Collectively, the acceptance of these concepts by a growing number of American colonists began to foster an intellectual environment which would lead to a new sense of political and social identity. John Locke's (1632–1704)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14451670",
"chunk_text": "\"Local government in the United States\"\nhas been described as \"\"pure democracy\"\": Propertied men voted; in no colonies was there universal suffrage. The founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 by a group of Puritans led by John Winthrop came with the understanding that the enterprise was to be \"\"based in the new world rather than in London.\"\" Small towns in Massachusetts were compared to city-states in a somewhat oligarchic form, but an oligarchy based on \"\"perceived virtue\"\" rather than wealth or birth. The notion of \"\"self-government\"\" became accepted in the colonies, although it wasn't totally free from challenges; in the 1670s, the Lords of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10501130",
"chunk_text": "\"Proprietary colony\"\n1830 and for good reason: remoteness, poor communications, governance carried out under difficult circumstances. The monarch and his or her government, retained its usual right to separate head and body, figuratively or literally, at any time. (See also the hereditary title \"\"marquess\"\".) Proprietary colonies in America were governed by a lord proprietor, who, holding authority by virtue of a royal charter, usually exercised that authority almost as an independent sovereign. Eventually, these were converted to royal colonies. The British America colonies before the American Revolution consisted of thirteen colonies that became states of the United States of America. In 1603,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6949554",
"chunk_text": "\"Democracy in America\"\nliberty in America that was uncommon in Europe, particularly in France. He calls the Puritan Founding the \"\"seed\"\" of his entire work. Tocqueville believed that the Puritans established the principle of sovereignty of the people in the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. The American Revolution then popularized this principle, followed by the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which developed institutions to manage popular will. While Tocqueville speaks highly of the U.S. Constitution, he believes that the mores, or \"\"habits of mind\"\" of the U.S. people play a more prominent role in the protection of freedom. These include: Tocqueville was one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1933064",
"chunk_text": "\"American philosophy\"\nCongress. About the time of the Stamp Act, interest rose in civil and political philosophy. Many of the Founding Fathers wrote extensively on political issues, including John Adams, John Dickinson, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and James Madison. In continuing with the chief concerns of the Puritans in the 17th century, the Founding Fathers debated the interrelationship between God, the state, and the individual. Resulting from this were the \"\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\", passed in 1776, and the \"\"United States Constitution\"\", ratified in 1788. The Constitution sets forth a federated republican form of government that is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19286937",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States\"\npunitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts. Armed conflict began in 1775. In 1776, the Second Continental Congress declared the independence of the colonies as the United States of America. Led by General George Washington, it won the Revolutionary War with large support from France. The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Canada and Florida). The Articles of Confederation established a central government, but it was ineffectual at providing stability, as it could not collect taxes and had no executive officer. A convention in 1787 wrote a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11730125",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolution\"\nthat they were states now, not colonies. On January 5, 1776, New Hampshire ratified the first state constitution. In May 1776, Congress voted to suppress all forms of crown authority, to be replaced by locally created authority. Virginia, South Carolina, and New Jersey created their constitutions before July 4. Rhode Island and Connecticut simply took their existing royal charters and deleted all references to the crown. The new states were all committed to republicanism, with no inherited offices. They decided what form of government to create, and also how to select those who would craft the constitutions and how the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19453680",
"chunk_text": "\"Self-governing colony\"\nexecutive has been under the control of neither the imperial government nor a local legislature elected by universal suffrage, but by a local oligarchy state. In most cases such control has been exercised by an elite class from a settler community. The term \"\"self-governing colony\"\" has sometimes been used in relation to the direct rule of a Crown colony by an executive governor, elected under a limited franchise, such as in Massachusetts between 1630 and 1684. The first local legislatures raised in England's colonies were the House of Burgesses of Virginia (1619) and the House of Assembly of Bermuda (1620),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19305835",
"chunk_text": "\"Perpetual Union\"\nPerpetual Union The Perpetual Union is a feature of the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, which established the United States of America as a national entity. Under modern American constitutional law, this concept means that U.S. states are not permitted to overthrow the U.S. Constitution and withdraw from the Union. The concept of a Union of the American States originated gradually during the 1770s as the struggle for independence unfolded. In his first inaugural address on March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln stated: A significant step was taken on June 12, 1776, when the Second Continental Congress approved the drafting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13009411",
"chunk_text": "\"History of direct democracy in the United States\"\nhave committed two violent and serious felonies beforehand. There have been attempts to change the law, most recently Proposition 66, which failed to pass after several loopholes were exploited by opponents of Three Strikes restructuring. History of direct democracy in the United States The history of direct democracy amongst non-Native Americans in the United States dates from the 1630s in the New England Colonies. Many New England towns still carry on that tradition in the form of open town meetings. Beginning in 1878, millions of American farmers began banding together to break the post-Civil War, small-farmer enslaving crop-lien system with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8564097",
"chunk_text": "Dominion\none of its nicknames. \"\"Dominion\"\" also occurred in the name of the short-lived Dominion of New England (1686–1689). In all of these cases, the word \"\"dominion\"\" implied no more than being subject to the English Crown. The foundation of \"\"Dominion\"\" status followed the achievement of internal self-rule in British Colonies, in the specific form of full responsible government (as distinct from \"\"representative government\"\"). Colonial responsible government began to emerge during the mid-19th century. The legislatures of Colonies with responsible government were able to make laws in all matters other than foreign affairs, defence and international trade, these being powers which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "102613",
"chunk_text": "\"American nationalism\"\nAmerican nationalism American nationalism or United States nationalism is a form of civic nationalism found in the United States. Essentially, it indicates the aspects that characterize and distinguish the United States as an autonomous political community. The term often serves to explain efforts to reinforce its national identity and self-determination within their national and international affairs. American scholars such as Hans Kohn state that the United States government institutionalized a civic nationalism founded upon legal and rational concepts of citizenship, being based on common language and cultural traditions. The Founding Fathers of the United States established the country upon classical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19286983",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States\"\nOn July 4, 1776 they adopted the Declaration of Independence and this date is celebrated as the nation's birthday. Historian George Billias says: On September 9, 1776, Congress officially changed the nation's name to the United States of America. Until this point, the nation was known as the \"\"United Colonies of America\"\" The new nation was founded on Enlightenment ideals of liberalism in what Thomas Jefferson called the unalienable rights to \"\"life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness\"\", and dedicated strongly to republican principles. Republicanism emphasized the people are sovereign (not hereditary kings), demanded civic duty, feared corruption, and rejected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9602835",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolution\"\nto call the Philadelphia Convention in 1787. It adopted a new Constitution that provided for a much stronger federal government, including an effective executive in a check-and-balance system with the judiciary and legislature. The Constitution was ratified in 1788, after a fierce debate in the states over the nature of the proposed new government. The new government under President George Washington took office in New York in March 1789. Amendments to the Constitution were spearheaded in Congress by James Madison as assurances to those who were cautious about federal power, guaranteeing many of the inalienable rights that formed a foundation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15708898",
"chunk_text": "Government\nhunter-gatherers and small scale farmers, humans lived in small, non-hierarchical and self-sufficient communities. On occasion a chief of a tribe was elected by various rituals or tests of strength to govern his tribe, sometimes with a group of elder tribesmen as a council. The human ability to precisely communicate abstract, learned information allowed humans to become ever more effective at agriculture, and that allowed for ever increasing population densities. David Christian explains how this resulted in states with laws and governments: Starting at the end of the 17th century, the prevalence of republican forms of government grew. The Glorious Revolution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15851397",
"chunk_text": "\"U.S. state\"\nexistence identifying themselves as commonwealths, rather than states. These commonwealths are states, but legally, each is a commonwealth because the term is contained in its constitution. As a result, \"\"commonwealth\"\" is used in all public and other state writings, actions or activities within their bounds. The term, which refers to \"\"a state in which the supreme power is vested in the people\"\", was first used in Virginia during the Interregnum, the 1649–60 period between the reigns of Charles I and Charles II during which parliament's Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector established a republican government known as the Commonwealth of England.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12780467",
"chunk_text": "\"Separation of powers\"\npeople to elect its own government and magistrates.\"\" In order to reduce the danger of misuse of political power, Calvin suggested setting up several political institutions which should complement and control each other in a system of checks and balances. In this way, Calvin and his followers resisted political absolutism and furthered the growth of democracy. Calvin aimed to protect the rights and the well-being of ordinary people. In 1620, a group of English separatist Congregationalists and Anglicans (later known as the Pilgrim Fathers) founded Plymouth Colony in North America. Enjoying self-rule, they established a bipartite democratic system of government.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14979871",
"chunk_text": "\"Limited government\"\nMagna Carta and the United States Constitution also represents important milestones in the limiting of governmental power. The earliest use of the term \"\"limited government\"\" dates back to King James VI and I in the late 16th century. Limited government put into practice often involves the protection of individual liberty from government intrusion. The original authors of the United States Constitution saw fit to limit the powers of government, as set forth in the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson. Here, Jefferson outlined three basic statements widely adhered to by the people of the American colonies. Supporters of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15992001",
"chunk_text": "Self-determination\nnations of Spanish America achieved independence from Spain. The United States supported that status, as policy in the hemisphere relative to European colonialism, with the Monroe Doctrine. The American public, organized associated groups, and Congressional resolutions, often supported such movements, particularly the Greek War of Independence (1821–29) and the demands of Hungarian revolutionaries in 1848. Such support, however, never became official government policy, due to balancing of other national interests. After the American Civil War and with increasing capability, the United States government did not accept self-determination as a basis during its Purchase of Alaska and attempted purchase of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2062974",
"chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nfrom Siberia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to gain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, with the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19628385",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States Constitution\"\nHistory of the United States Constitution The United States Constitution was written in 1787 during the Philadelphia Convention. The old Congress set the rules the new government followed in terms of writing and ratifying the new constitution. After ratification in eleven states, in 1789 its elected officers of government assembled in New York City, replacing the Articles of Confederation government. The original Constitution has been amended twenty-seven times. The meaning of the Constitution is interpreted and extended by judicial review in the federal courts. The original parchment copies are on display at the National Archives Building. Two alternative plans were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7263508",
"chunk_text": "\"Provisional government\"\nroyal rule. Irregularly convened assemblies during the English Revolution, such as Confederate Ireland (1641–49), were described as \"\"provisional\"\". The Continental Congress, a convention of delegates from 13 British colonies on the east coast of North America became the provisional government of the United States in 1776, during the American Revolutionary War. The government shed its provisional status in 1781, following ratification of the Articles of Confederation, and continued until it was supplanted by the United States Congress in 1789. The practice of using \"\"provisional government\"\" as part of a formal name can be traced to Talleyrand's government in France in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19628388",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States Constitution\"\nslavery, financing government, consumption of alcohol and Congressional pay. Criticism over the life of the Constitution has centered on expanding democracy and states rights. On June 4, 1776, a resolution was introduced in the Second Continental Congress declaring the union with Great Britain to be dissolved, proposing the formation of foreign alliances, and suggesting the drafting of a plan of confederation to be submitted to the respective states. Independence was declared on July 4, 1776; the preparation of a plan of confederation was postponed. Although the Declaration was a statement of principles, it did not create a government or even",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15833689",
"chunk_text": "Individualism\nlife, health, liberty, or possessions.\"\" In the 17th century, liberal ideas began to influence governments in Europe, in nations such as The Netherlands, Switzerland, England and Poland, but they were strongly opposed, often by armed might, by those who favored absolute monarchy and established religion. In the 18th century, in America, the first modern liberal state was founded, without a monarch or a hereditary aristocracy. The American \"\"Declaration of Independence\"\" includes the words (which echo Locke) \"\"all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19286936",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States\"\nHistory of the United States The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 15,000 BC. Numerous cultures formed. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas. Most colonies formed after 1600. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains. After defeating France, the British government imposed a series of new taxes after 1765, rejecting the colonists' argument that new taxes needed their approval (see Stamp Act 1765). Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1773), led to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2679447",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Constitution\"\nsafeguard the interests of majority rule and minority rights, of liberty and equality, and of the federal and state governments.\"\" The first permanent constitution of its kind, adopted by the people's representatives for an expansive nation, it is interpreted, supplemented, and implemented by a large body of constitutional law, and has influenced the constitutions of other nations. From September 5, 1774, to March 1, 1781, the Continental Congress functioned as the provisional government of the United States. Delegates to the First (1774) and then the Second (1775–1781) Continental Congress were chosen largely through the action of committees of correspondence in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16697650",
"chunk_text": "\"Republicanism in the United States\"\ntheir responsibility as citizens. In practice self-governance in military affairs came to include personal independence, enlistment negotiations, petitions to superior officials, militia constitutions, and negotiations regarding discipline. Together these affected all aspects of military order, discipline, and life. In reaction to the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 that promoted democracy by saying new settlers could decide themselves whether or not to have slavery, antislavery forces across the North formed a new party. The party officially designated itself \"\"Republican\"\" because the name resonated with the struggle of 1776. \"\"In view of the necessity of battling for the first principles of republican government,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17436363",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitutional Convention (United States)\"\nConstitutional Convention (United States) The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in the old Pennsylvania State House (later known as Independence Hall because of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence there eleven years before) in Philadelphia. Although the Convention was intended to revise the league of states and first system of government under the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "115863",
"chunk_text": "\"Names for United States citizens\"\nofficially adopted in 1777 by the nation's first governing constitution, the Articles of Confederation. The Federalist Papers of 1787–1788, written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison to advocate the ratification of the United States Constitution, use the word \"\"American\"\" in both its original pan-American sense, but also in its United States sense: Federalist Paper 24 refers to the \"\"American possessions\"\" of Britain and Spain (i.e. land outside of the United States) while Federalist Papers 51 and 70 refer to the United States as \"\"the American republic\"\". People from the United States increasingly referred to themselves as Americans through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3717459",
"chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nlegislatures. They demanded their rights as Englishmen and \"\"no taxation without representation\"\". The British insisted on administering the empire through Parliament, and the conflict escalated into war. The Second Continental Congress unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, which recognized, in a long preamble, that all men are created equal and endowed by their Creator with unalienable rights and that those rights were not being protected by Great Britain, and declared, in the words of the resolution, that the thirteen United Colonies formed an independent nation and had no further allegiance to the British crown. The fourth day",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14451669",
"chunk_text": "\"Local government in the United States\"\ndata collected in 2012, there were 89,004 local government units in the United States. This data shows a decline from 89,476 units since the last census of local governments performed in 2007. When North America was colonized by Europeans from the 17th century onward, there was initially little control from governments back in Europe. Many settlements began as shareholder or stockholder business enterprises, and while the king of Britain had technical sovereignty, in most instances \"\"full governmental authority was vested in the company itself.\"\" Settlers had to fend for themselves; compact towns sprung up based as legal corporations in what",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19453681",
"chunk_text": "\"Self-governing colony\"\noriginally part of Virginia. The Parliament of Bermuda, which now also includes a Senate, is the third-oldest in the Commonwealth of Nations, after the Tynwald and Westminster (currently the Parliament of the United Kingdom). Of the three, only Bermuda's has legislated continuously, with the Royalist camp maintaining control of the archipelago during the Commonwealth of England and the Protectorate. However, in the modern sense of the term, the first self-governing colony is generally considered to have been the Province of Canada, in 1841; the colony gained responsible government in 1849. All the colonies of British North America became self-governing between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8376516",
"chunk_text": "Democracy\nlimits on government power to protect personal freedoms but had little impact on judgements by the courts for the first 130 years after ratification. In 1789, Revolutionary France adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and, although short-lived, the National Convention was elected by all men in 1792. However, in the early 19th century, little of democracy – as theory, practice, or even as word – remained in the North Atlantic world. During this period, slavery remained a social and economic institution in places around the world. This was particularly the case in the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16892477",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (1776–1789)\"\nCongress as well as the first presidential election. The electoral college unanimously chose Washington as first President; John Adams became the first Vice President. New York was designated as the national capital; they were inaugurated in April 1789 at Federal Hall. Under the leadership of Madison, the first Congress set up all the necessary government agencies, and made good on the Federalist pledge of a Bill of Rights. The new government at first had no political parties. Alexander Hamilton in 1790–92 created a national network of friends of the government that became the Federalist party; it controlled the national government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19305844",
"chunk_text": "\"Perpetual Union\"\nto \"\"split into factions which must destroy that union upon which our existence hangs.\"\" Perpetual Union The Perpetual Union is a feature of the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, which established the United States of America as a national entity. Under modern American constitutional law, this concept means that U.S. states are not permitted to overthrow the U.S. Constitution and withdraw from the Union. The concept of a Union of the American States originated gradually during the 1770s as the struggle for independence unfolded. In his first inaugural address on March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln stated: A significant step",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2063068",
"chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nof autonomy, but also like the states, tribes are not allowed to make war, engage in their own foreign relations, or print and issue currency. Citizenship is granted at birth in all states, the District of Columbia, and all major U.S. territories except American Samoa. The United States has operated under a two-party system for most of its history. For elective offices at most levels, state-administered primary elections choose the major party nominees for subsequent general elections. Since the general election of 1856, the major parties have been the Democratic Party, founded in 1824, and the Republican Party, founded in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12324554",
"chunk_text": "\"Abolition of monarchy\"\n- though in a more limited form moderated by a more independent Parliament. Organized Anti-monarchism in what since July 1776 is the United States developed out of the gradual process of revolution that began in 1765, as colonists resisted the Stamp Act through boycott and the expulsion and condemnation of royal officials. While subjects of Great Britain (a union of the Kingdom of England with the Kingdom of Scotland), the colonists of British North America enjoyed a level of autonomy which increasingly clashed with royal and Parliamentary authority which did not consult colonial needs. With the Declaration of Independence in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "262977",
"chunk_text": "Authority\nprecisely as he pleases with all which is exclusively his own,\"\" a principle existing \"\"at the foundation of the sense of justice.\"\" This sense of personal ownership and stewardship was integral to the practice of self-government as Abraham Lincoln saw it by a Republican nation and its people. This was because, as Abraham Lincoln also declared, \"\"No man is good enough to govern another man, without that other's consent.\"\" Authority Authority is the right to exercise power, which can be formalized by a state and exercised by way of judges, appointed executives of government, or the ecclesiastical or priestly appointed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8846944",
"chunk_text": "\"History of conservatism in the United States\"\norganized colony-by-colony resistance through organizations such as the Sons of Liberty. Fighting broke out in the spring of 1775, and all Thirteen Colonies entered into open rebellion against the crown. In July 1776, the Second Continental Congress declared independence from the United Kingdom and became the de facto national government espousing the principles of Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. The patriots formed a consensus around the ideas of republicanism, whereby popular sovereignty was invested in a national legislature instead of a King. Historian Leonard Labaree identified the main characteristics of the Loyalists that contributed to their conservative opposition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11495743",
"chunk_text": "Republic\nrevolution overthrew the monarchy and created an Islamic republic based on the ideas of Islamic democracy. With no monarch, most modern republics use the title president for the head of state. Originally used to refer to the presiding officer of a committee or governing body in Great Britain the usage was also applied to political leaders, including the leaders of some of the Thirteen Colonies (originally Virginia in 1608); in full, the \"\"President of the Council\"\". The first republic to adopt the title was the United States of America. Keeping its usage as the head of a committee the President",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16892479",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (1776–1789)\"\nand commerce with Britain, signing the Jay Treaty much to the disgust of Democratic-Republicans, who accused Hamilton and the Federalists of supporting aristocracy and tyranny. John Adams succeeded Washington as President in 1797 and continued the policies of his administration. The Jeffersonian Republicans took control of the Federal government in 1801 and the Federalists never returned to power. History of the United States (1776–1789) Between 1776 and 1789, the United States of America emerged as an independent country, creating and ratifying its new constitution and establishing its national government. In order to assert their traditional rights, American Patriots seized control",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3453168",
"chunk_text": "\"Popular sovereignty in the United States\"\nthat before and after the revolution, Americans believed \"\"that the people in a republic, like a king in a monarchy, exercised plenary authority as the sovereign. This interpretation persisted from the revolutionary period up to the Civil War.\"\" Despite this widespread belief, the term \"\"popular sovereignty\"\" was infrequently used by the early Americans. In expressing the fundamental concept of rule by the people, they described an ideal of how the people would exercise sovereignty in the US and state officers and employees would be public servants. The phrase \"\"popular sovereignty\"\" did not become popular until the 1840s. Popular sovereignty in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6364490",
"chunk_text": "\"Modern history\"\ncentury saw the Thirteen Colonies of North America overthrow the governance of the Parliament of Great Britain, and then reject the British monarchy itself to become the sovereign United States of America. In this period the colonies first rejected the authority of the Parliament to govern them without representation, and formed self-governing independent states. The Second Continental Congress then joined together against the British to defend that self-governance in the armed conflict from 1775 to 1783 known as the American Revolutionary War (also called American War of Independence). The American Revolution began with fighting at Lexington and Concord. On July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_474
|
who wrote somewhere there's a place for us?
|
n/a
|
[
"Stephen Sondheim",
"lyrics by Stephen Sondheim",
"Leonard Bernstein"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14954444",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us (song)\"\nThere's a Place for Us (song) \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" is a song written by David Hodges, Hillary Lindsey, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Carrie Underwood, and is featured on the soundtrack for the 2010 film \"\"\"\". The song was featured during the end credits of the film. The song was also performed by other artists for country-specific releases outside the United States. The song received a nomination for \"\"Best Original Song\"\" at the 68th Golden Globe Awards. It was released on November 16, 2010 as the soundtrack's lead single, and can be purchased exclusively through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14954447",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us (song)\"\nfamous as a result of various reality TV talent shows, such as \"\"American Idol\"\" in the case of Carrie Underwood, \"\"X Factor\"\" in the UK for Joe McElderry, and \"\"Swedish Idol\"\" in the case of E.M.D. There's a Place for Us (song) \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" is a song written by David Hodges, Hillary Lindsey, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Carrie Underwood, and is featured on the soundtrack for the 2010 film \"\"\"\". The song was featured during the end credits of the film. The song was also performed by other artists for country-specific releases outside",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222565",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us\"\nThere's a Place for Us There's a Place for Us is an album recorded by Motown girl group The Supremes in 1965, for many years the most famous of the trio's unreleased albums. The album, composed of show-tunes and pop standards, was released by Motown and Hip-O Records in 2004. \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" was recorded in late 1964 and through the first half of 1965, and was to have been issued in the summer of that year to tie in with the group's debut appearance at the famous Copacabana nightclub in New York City. Supremes members Diana Ross,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5780064",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place\"\nThere's a Place \"\"There's a Place\"\" is a song co-written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and first released as a track on the Beatles' debut LP, \"\"Please Please Me\"\". Lennon and McCartney share lead vocals, with George Harrison providing backing vocals. In the US it was released on \"\"Introducing... The Beatles\"\" (Vee-Jay Records) and as the B-side of \"\"Twist and Shout\"\", and was finally released by Capitol Records on \"\"Rarities\"\" in 1980. The title was inspired by Leonard Bernstein and Stephen Sondheim's \"\"Somewhere\"\" from \"\"West Side Story\"\", which contained the line: \"\"There's a place for us.\"\" McCartney admits owning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9418443",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere (song)\"\nuses elements of another \"\"West Side Story\"\" song, \"\"I Feel Pretty\"\", and the album version uses elements of \"\"One Hand, One Heart\"\" spoken by Chris Lowe. Somewhere (song) \"\"Somewhere\"\", sometimes referred to as \"\"Somewhere (There's a Place for Us)\"\" or simply \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\", is a song from the 1957 Broadway musical \"\"West Side Story\"\" that was made into a film in 1961. The music is composed by Leonard Bernstein with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, and takes a phrase from the slow movement of Beethoven's 'Emperor' Piano Concerto, which forms the start of the melody,(actually is a quote",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20849810",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe McElderry\"\nthe second single taken from the album. It was released as a single on 5 December 2010 in the United Kingdom. It debuted and peaked at number 68 on the UK Singles Chart. McElderry was approached by Twentieth Century Fox to record the specially written track, \"\"There's A Place For Us\"\", written by American songstress Carrie Underwood, which features in \"\"\"\". and was also the B-side to \"\"Someone Wake Me Up\"\". The song was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in 2011 for Best Original Song – Motion Picture. After \"\"Someone Wake Me Up,\"\" McElderry released no further singles or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14954445",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us (song)\"\niTunes. It has sold 77,000 copies as of January 18, 2011. The song did not enter the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles extension chart. It also entered two digital charts tracked by \"\"Billboard\"\" — at number 64 on the Hot Canadian Digital Songs (component of Canadian Hot 100) and at number 11 on Country Digital Songs (component of Hot Country Songs). Joe McElderry recorded the song for a United Kingdom release. It was released on December 6, 2010 as the b-side to McElderry's \"\"Someone Wake Me Up\"\" where it sold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222567",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us\"\ntill Somebody Loves You\"\" and \"\"Somewhere\"\" from \"\"West Side Story\"\". The album's title is derived from the first stanza of \"\"Somewhere's\"\" lyrics. In 2004, Hip-O Select remastered and released the album, with the original artwork and liner notes, in compact disc and digital download formats. Hip-O also expanded the original twelve tracks to twenty-six by incorporating selections from aborted album projects such as \"\"Tribute to the Girls\"\" (to have been released in late 1965/early 1966) and \"\"The Supremes And The Motown Sound: From Broadway To Hollywood\"\" (to have been released in 1967), as well as outtakes from released albums. Mary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222568",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us\"\nWilson sings a rare lead vocal on \"\"Our Day Will Come\"\", while Florence Ballard sings lead on \"\"People\"\". Diana Ross sings lead on the remaining songs. They are all featured on an original number, \"\"Fancy Passes\"\". There's a Place for Us There's a Place for Us is an album recorded by Motown girl group The Supremes in 1965, for many years the most famous of the trio's unreleased albums. The album, composed of show-tunes and pop standards, was released by Motown and Hip-O Records in 2004. \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" was recorded in late 1964 and through the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4141227",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere (song)\"\nSomewhere (song) \"\"Somewhere\"\", sometimes referred to as \"\"Somewhere (There's a Place for Us)\"\" or simply \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\", is a song from the 1957 Broadway musical \"\"West Side Story\"\" that was made into a film in 1961. The music is composed by Leonard Bernstein with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, and takes a phrase from the slow movement of Beethoven's 'Emperor' Piano Concerto, which forms the start of the melody,(actually is a quote from the cello and bass line in Tchaikovsky’s Romeo and Juliet, 17 bars from the end.) and also a longer phrase from the main theme of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15806689",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader\"\n\"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" written by Carrie Underwood, David Hodges, and Hillary Lindsey, and recorded by Carrie Underwood, was released on November 16, 2010 exclusively on iTunes. It was released on December 7, 2010 by Sony Masterworks. Covers of the song have been recorded by various singers around the world for international releases of the film. In addition to its production budget, Fox and Walden spent around $100 million to promote the film around the world. In late November 2009, three still pictures from the film were released on the social networking site Facebook. In February 2010, Narnia.com, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222566",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us\"\nFlorence Ballard and Mary Wilson worked with two sets of producers, one in Los Angeles, the other in Detroit. The album was postponed and finally cancelled, with the live album \"\"The Supremes at the Copa\"\" being released in November 1965. Several standards similar to those recorded for this album appeared on the Supremes' next studio album, 1966's \"\"I Hear a Symphony\"\", whose cover is similar to that intended for \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\". Several selections from \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" would remain a staple of the group's live act for several years to come, most notably \"\"You're Nobody",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9121020",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place (The All-American Rejects song)\"\nThere's a Place (The All-American Rejects song) \"\"There's a Place\"\" is a song by American rock band The All-American Rejects, released October 30, 2015 by Interscope Records as the soundtrack to the film \"\"Miss You Already\"\" (2015), in which frontman Tyson Ritter appears. Tyson Ritter wrote \"\"There's a Place\"\" while filming \"\"Miss You Already\"\" in 2014. Ritter spoke of the song, saying, \"\"I had this ringing in my ear. Having not composed a piece of music for over a year at that point, I didn’t recognize that I was hearing a melody. With that melody, came the words. Immediately I",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1373999",
"chunk_text": "\"Up Where We Belong\"\nUp Where We Belong \"\"Up Where We Belong\"\" is a song written by Jack Nitzsche, Buffy Sainte-Marie and Will Jennings that was recorded by Joe Cocker and Jennifer Warnes for the 1982 film \"\"An Officer and a Gentleman\"\". Warnes was recommended to sing a song from the film because of her previous soundtrack successes, and she had the idea for the song to be a duet that she would perform with Cocker. Jennings selected various sections of the score by Nitsche and Sainte-Marie in creating the structure of the song and added lyrics about the struggles of life and love",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9418437",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere (song)\"\ntrack on Side 2. This is rectified on the CD as \"\"Somewhere\"\" is correctly placed in sequence to the film between \"\"The Rumble\"\" and \"\"Cool.\"\" In 1964, P. J. Proby released his version of \"\"Somewhere\"\", which reached number 6 on the British singles chart and 7 on the Australian singles chart. The song also charted well in various European countries. In 1965, the Supremes recorded the song for their album, \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\", though it went unreleased until 2004. They also used it for their debut appearance at the Copacabana nightclub in New York City and it eventually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "704066",
"chunk_text": "\"David Hodges\"\nand electronic instrumental tracks. In October 2011, Hodges released an album entitled \"\"Kings & Thieves\"\" with the band Arrows to Athens, composed of Hodges and guitarist Steven Solomon. Additionally in 2010, Hodges wrote with Carrie Underwood and Hillary Lindsey, this time for the end title song in the latest Chronicles of Narnia film. The song was called \"\"There's a Place for Us,\"\" and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for best original song in a motion picture. In May 2011, Christina Perri released her debut album \"\"Lovestrong\"\". Hodges helped produce and co-wrote many songs on the album, including singles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15148592",
"chunk_text": "\"This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody)\"\nThis Must Be the Place (Naive Melody) \"\"This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody)\"\" is a song by new wave band Talking Heads, released in November 1983 as the second single from their fifth album \"\"Speaking in Tongues\"\". The lyrics were written by David Byrne, and the music was written by Byrne and the other members of the band, Chris Frantz, Tina Weymouth and Jerry Harrison. In the \"\"Self Interview\"\" on the DVD of the concert film \"\"Stop Making Sense\"\", Byrne states that it is a love song, a topic he tends to avoid because it is \"\"kinda big.\"\" He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14954446",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place for Us (song)\"\nover 7,000 copies. Due to Sony Music's tight recording schedule, McElderry accidentally sang \"\"king and queen\"\" in the chorus instead of the printed lyric, \"\"kings and queens\"\" (referring to the kings and queens of Narnia), although attempts were made to electronically correct this in post-production. \"\"There's a Place For Us\"\" served as the B-Side to \"\"Someone Wake Me Up\"\" and thus shares its chart positions. Various versions of the song \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" are featured in international versions of the soundtrack, used to promote artists signed to Sony Music in different marketing regions. Many of these artists became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "486350",
"chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nshe was selected for the list. Also in May, Victoria's Secret named her legs the Sexiest Legs in Hollywood. In June 2011, \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine ranked Underwood as the No. 11 Queen of Pop, based on a lot of criteria from 2009 until 2011. Underwood co-wrote and recorded a song titled \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\", the lead single from \"\"\"\". Underwood and songwriters, David Hodges and Hillary Lindsey, received a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. In March 2011, Underwood sang John Lennon's \"\"Instant Karma!\"\" at the NBC's special \"\"All Together Now – A Celebration",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9481835",
"chunk_text": "\"Here's Where I Belong\"\nHere's Where I Belong Here's Where I Belong is a musical with a book by Alex Gordon and Terrence McNally, lyrics by Alfred Uhry, and music by Robert Waldman. The musical closed after one performance on Broadway. Based on John Steinbeck's novel \"\"East of Eden\"\", the allegorical tale centers on the Trasks and the Hamiltons, two families drawn to the rich farmlands of Salinas, California in the early 20th Century. While Steinbeck traced the two clans through three generations, the musical limits the action to the period between 1915 and 1917 and focuses primarily on the Cain and Abel aspects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17846747",
"chunk_text": "\"A Place for Us to Dream\"\nA Place for Us to Dream A Place for Us to Dream is a compilation album by the English alternative rock band Placebo. It was released on 7 October 2016, as part of the band's twentieth anniversary celebrations. It consists of 36 tracks, including songs off albums, single versions, radio edits, live performances and redux editions of previously released songs, as well as the 2016 single \"\"Jesus' Son\"\". The compilation includes all Placebo songs that have been released as singles, apart from \"\"Burger Queen Français\"\", \"\"Twenty Years\"\" and \"\"The Never-Ending Why\"\". \"\"A place for us to dream\"\" is a lyric",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5780066",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place\"\nwriting: we were getting a bit more cerebral. We both sang it. I took the high harmony, John took the lower harmony or melody. This was a nice thing because we didn't actually have to decide where the melody was till later when they boringly had to write it down for sheet music.\"\" Composed at McCartney's Forthlin Road home, it was part of the group's stage repertoire in 1963. With its major seventh harmonica intro (later reprised) and searing two-part vocal harmonies (Lennon low, McCartney high), it stands out as an early Beatles milestone track. The song was recorded on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20058925",
"chunk_text": "\"No Place Like Home (album)\"\nNo Place Like Home (album) No Place Like Home is the fifth studio album by Scottish band Big Country, released in 1991. (see 1991 in music). Its title derives from a quote in \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\"\", which is referenced by the first track, \"\"We're Not in Kansas\"\". Dorothy's statement was in turn taken from the famous poem and song \"\"Home! Sweet Home!\"\" by John Howard Payne and Henry Bishop. \"\"You, Me and the Truth\"\" and \"\"Comes a Time\"\" were bonus tracks on the CD and cassette releases of the album; they were not on the original vinyl release.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6228813",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere Out There (James Horner song)\"\nSomewhere Out There (James Horner song) \"\"Somewhere Out There\"\" is a 1986 song released by MCA Records and recorded by American singers Linda Ronstadt and James Ingram for the soundtrack of the animated film \"\"An American Tail\"\" (1986). The song was written by James Horner, Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil, and produced by Peter Asher and Steve Tyrell. It reached number 8 in the UK, and number 2 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Steven Spielberg, the film's producer, invited songwriters Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil to collaborate with James Horner on four songs for its soundtrack, to be completed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10177280",
"chunk_text": "\"Victoria Swarovski\"\nVictoria Swarovski Victoria Swarovski (born August 16, 1993 in Innsbruck) is an Austrian pop singer. Victoria Swarovski is the daughter of Alexandra and Paul Swarovski. While her mother works as a journalist, her father works in the family-owned company Swarovski. Since her childhood, she sang in several choirs. In 2009 she appeared with the song \"\"Get Gone\"\" in a TV show of Mario Barth. At 17, she signed a record deal with Sony Music. In November 2010 there appeared there her debut single \"\"One in a million\"\". She sang the theme song \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" in the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11820355",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Nitzsche\"\nJack Nitzsche Bernard Alfred Nitzsche (22 April 1937 – 25 August 2000) known by pen name Jack Nitzsche, was an American musician, arranger, songwriter, record producer and film score composer. He first came to prominence in the late 1950s as the right-hand-man of producer Phil Spector and went on to work with the Rolling Stones and Neil Young, among others. He also worked extensively in film scores, notably for films such as \"\"Performance\"\", \"\"The Exorcist\"\" and \"\"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest\"\". In 1983, he won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for co-writing \"\"Up Where We Belong\"\". Born",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2843392",
"chunk_text": "\"Radio Stars\"\nrecord label - Electric Light Orchestra's Hugh McDowell guested on cello - on 1992's (band-approved) \"\"Somewhere There's a Place for Us\"\" on Ace Records. In 2017 a 4-CD box set containing all the band's recordings, including a handful of singles, B-sides, BBC radio sessions and broadcasts and a specially-recorded revision of one of the greatest tunes, was released by Cherry Red/Anagram Records under the title of \"\"Thinking Inside the Box\"\". A one-off London concert performance took place in March 2008 in support of their live album (recorded in 1977/78) \"\"Something for the Weekend\"\", released by Radiant Future Records that same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5098882",
"chunk_text": "\"No Place for Me\"\nNo Place for Me \"\"No Place for Me\"\" was the debut recording song of country singer-songwriter Willie Nelson. Nelson recorded the song while working as a disk jockey at KVAN in Vancouver, Washington, using a studio of the radio. Through a DJ he met during his time working on the radio in Texas, he contacted Starday Records, sending the tapes over to the label. Starday Records pressed for Nelson 500 copies of the single, issued under the custom label \"\"Willie Nelson Records\"\". The company initially reserved the rights for re-publications under the Starday label, but decided later not to exercise",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10581603",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody Somewhere (book)\"\nSomewhere\"\" is the second in her autobiographical collection of four books. Later autobiographical works include the third book in the series, \"\"Like Colour To The Blind\"\" (1998), and the fourth autobiographical installment, \"\"Everyday Heaven\"\" (2004). Somebody Somewhere (book) Somebody Somewhere is a book written by the autistic author, songwriter, screenwriter and artist Donna Williams. It is the 1994 sequel to the bestseller \"\"Nobody Nowhere\"\", which spent 15 weeks on the \"\"New York Times\"\" Bestseller List. \"\"Somebody Somewhere\"\" takes up Williams' story after her diagnosis with autism at the age of 26 after a childhood often thought deaf, labelled psychotic, then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "883820",
"chunk_text": "\"We Belong\"\nWe Belong \"\"We Belong\"\" is a song written by Eric Lowen and Dan Navarro. It was made popular by American rock singer Pat Benatar after being released as the lead single from her sixth studio album, \"\"Tropico\"\" (1984). It matched the success of \"\"Love Is a Battlefield\"\" on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart in the United States, peaking at #5. It reached #3 on Billboard's Top Rock Tracks chart and #34 on the Adult Contemporary. It was also successful in the United Kingdom, where it peaked number 22 in the charts, nearly matching the popularity of \"\"Love Is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9121021",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place (The All-American Rejects song)\"\nknew what it was, it was a song for Milly, a song that was written as a goodbye note to her loved ones. ‘There’s A Place’ is something I’m very proud of as it came from the purest center of myself. As soon as I finished the demo, I sent it to Catherine and she was into it, and as simple as that, it was in the movie.” In 2014, Ritter, and lead guitarist Nick Wheeler played an acoustic version of the song at The Hotel Cafe. Because Ritter plays the main guitar part in the song, Nick Wheeler plays",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2816081",
"chunk_text": "\"There's a Place\"\n11 February 1963 in 10 takes during the first of three sessions for \"\"Please Please Me\"\". It was later overdubbed with a harmonica in 3 takes. The song was officially credited to \"\"McCartney–Lennon\"\", as were all other Lennon–McCartney compositions on the original UK release of \"\"Please Please Me\"\". Engineered by Norman Smith It was used at the start of Daniel Farson's Associated-Rediffusion documentary \"\"Beat City\"\", a portrait of Liverpool which was shown at Christmas 1963. There's a Place \"\"There's a Place\"\" is a song co-written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and first released as a track on the Beatles'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "125413",
"chunk_text": "\"Sam's Place\"\nSam's Place \"\"Sam's Place\"\" is a 1967 country song written by Red Simpson and recorded by Buck Owens. The single went to number one on the country charts spending three weeks at the top and a total of thirteen weeks on the country charts. The song is about a honky-tonk called \"\"Sam's Place,\"\" of which the singer is a regular all-night patron (\"\"You can always find me down at Sam's Place from the setting sun until the break of day.\"\"). Other patrons include two women who are nicknamed for their dancing abilities and whose real names happen to rhyme with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3498434",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere Out There (James Horner song)\"\nfirst season of \"\"Community.\"\" Their cover appears on the official soundtrack release for the show. Somewhere Out There (James Horner song) \"\"Somewhere Out There\"\" is a 1986 song released by MCA Records and recorded by American singers Linda Ronstadt and James Ingram for the soundtrack of the animated film \"\"An American Tail\"\" (1986). The song was written by James Horner, Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil, and produced by Peter Asher and Steve Tyrell. It reached number 8 in the UK, and number 2 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Steven Spielberg, the film's producer, invited songwriters Barry Mann and Cynthia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8449288",
"chunk_text": "\"I Know a Place\"\na Place\"\" emulated the theme of \"\"Downtown\"\" by inviting the listener to \"\"just get away where your worries won't find you\"\" to a place \"\"where the music is fine and the lights are always low.\"\" The song includes the lyrics' \"\"a cellar full of noise\"\", a deliberate reference to \"\"A Cellarful of Noise\"\", the title of Brian Epstein's autobiography, describing the below-ground Cavern Club in Liverpool where he first discovered the Beatles. The song is the opening theme for Bill Whittle's weekly podcast, \"\"The Stratosphere Lounge.\"\" The song is featured in the film \"\"The Anniversary Party\"\". The song is featured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8584718",
"chunk_text": "\"Stay Down Here Where You Belong\"\nStay Down Here Where You Belong \"\"Stay Down Here Where You Belong\"\" was a pacifist song written by Irving Berlin in 1914. The lyrics depict a conversation between the devil and his son, the devil exhorting him to \"\"stay down here where you belong\"\" because people on Earth do not know right from wrong. While Henry Burr's recording of the song may have mirrored a large portion of American sentiment during the early days of World War I, the eventual entry of the United States into the conflict and the consequent reversal of the national mood turned the song into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17128921",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Demers\"\nPaul Demers Paul Demers (March 9, 1956 – October 29, 2016) was a Canadian singer-songwriter. He was best known for writing the song \"\"Notre place\"\", which came to be recognized as an anthem of the Franco-Ontarian community. Born in Gatineau, Quebec, his family moved to Ottawa, Ontario when he was 16. He began performing as a musician in adulthood, touring music festivals across Ontario and forming the band Purlaine in 1979. Following a diagnosis with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the early 1980s, however, he took several years off from music to undergo cancer treatment. He came out of retirement in 1986",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9418439",
"chunk_text": "\"Somewhere (song)\"\nwas so overcome with emotion that she practically stumbled through the speech, but got an extraordinary ovation from the studio audience. It would once again be nationally televised several months later that year when the group paired up with the Temptations for an NBC television special, \"\"TCB\"\". The monologue for that special went as follows: \"\" \"\"Yes, there's a place for each of us, \"\" And we must try to pursue this place. \"\" Where love is like a passion, that burns like a fire, \"\" Let our efforts be as determined as that of Dr. Martin Luther King, \"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "630768",
"chunk_text": "\"No Place for Us\"\nNo Place for Us No Place For Us is the debut EP by ambient techno act The Sight Below, released on August 26, 2008 by Ghostly International. It is available as a free, promotional download on the label's website. The EP was recorded live in Seattle, Washington during the winter of 2007–2008. It is equally influenced by shoegaze and ambient techno. Each track also has its own individual artwork. In addition, at the bottom of the \"\"back cover\"\" artwork that contains the credits, the artist simply states to the reader,\"\"Share this music.\"\" The opening track, \"\"No Place For Us\"\", is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17442626",
"chunk_text": "\"A Better Place to Be\"\nA Better Place to Be \"\"A Better Place to Be\"\" is a song by Harry Chapin from his 1972 album, \"\"Sniper and Other Love Songs\"\". The song is about a midnight watchman confiding in a waitress, while drinking gin, about a woman that he met the night before and had a one-night stand . Released as a single, the song reached #118 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under chart. A live version, from the 1976 album \"\"Greatest Stories Live\"\", reached #86 on the Hot 100 chart. According to Chapin, it was his favorite song that he wrote. The song begins with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2259267",
"chunk_text": "\"On My Way Here\"\nby Jessie Clark Funk on the 2009 \"\"Be Thou An Example\"\" CD from Songs for the Youth produced by the EFY cd's. \"\"Something About Us\"\" was written and recorded by Michael O'Brien for his album \"\"Something About Us\"\" (2007). \"\"As Long as We're Here\"\" was recorded by Kristy Starling for her self-titled debut album (2003) Promotion for this album included a series of short filmed interviews of Aiken commenting on the making of the album. These interviews, known as Webisodes, are all on his official YouTube page along with a video that was filmed for the first single from this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16392087",
"chunk_text": "\"Some Other Place. The Right Place.\"\nSome Other Place. The Right Place. Some Other Place. The Right Place. is a novel by Donald Harington which was published in 1973. It is a story about growing up and understanding how the world works. There are many aspects to life and all must be realized before true growth occurs. It was adapted into the film \"\"Return\"\" in 1985. Diana Stoving seeks out Day Whittacker, the 18-year-old boy whose English teacher claims through hypnotism and age regression is Diana's dead grandfather Daniel Lyam Montross. Diana and Day travel together in search of the truth behind the hypnotism and Daniel's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12560054",
"chunk_text": "\"Sam's Place\"\ntheir respective hometowns: \"\"Shimmy-Shakin'\"\" Tina from Pasadena and \"\"Hootchie-Kootchie\"\" Hattie from Cincinnati. Sam's Place \"\"Sam's Place\"\" is a 1967 country song written by Red Simpson and recorded by Buck Owens. The single went to number one on the country charts spending three weeks at the top and a total of thirteen weeks on the country charts. The song is about a honky-tonk called \"\"Sam's Place,\"\" of which the singer is a regular all-night patron (\"\"You can always find me down at Sam's Place from the setting sun until the break of day.\"\"). Other patrons include two women who are nicknamed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12232869",
"chunk_text": "\"A Place to Stand, a Place to Grow\"\nA Place to Stand, a Place to Grow A Place to Stand, a Place to Grow (Ontari-ari-ari-o!) is an unofficial anthem of the Canadian province of Ontario. It was written as the signature tune for a movie of the same name that was featured at the Expo 67 Ontario pavilion. The song was written by Dolores Claman, who also wrote \"\"The Hockey Theme\"\", with lyrics by Richard Morris and orchestrations by Jerry Toth. Lyrics for a French version were written by Larry Trudel. It was commissioned by the Progressive Conservative government of John Robarts for the Ontario pavilion at Expo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20996573",
"chunk_text": "\"Heaven Is a Place on Earth\"\nHeaven Is a Place on Earth \"\"Heaven Is a Place on Earth\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Belinda Carlisle for her second studio album \"\"Heaven on Earth\"\" (1987). Written by Rick Nowels and Ellen Shipley, the power ballad was released as the album's lead single in September 1987, and it hit number one on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 on December 5, 1987, becoming Carlisle's only US chart-topper. A month later it hit number one in the United Kingdom, where it held the top spot of the UK Singles Chart for two weeks. \"\"Heaven is a Place on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11174307",
"chunk_text": "\"No Place to be Somebody\"\nNo Place to be Somebody No Place to be Somebody is a 1969 play written by American playwright Charles Gordone. It was during his employment as a bartender in Greenwich Village that Gordone found the inspiration for his first major work, \"\"No Place to be Somebody,\"\" for which he received the 1970 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. Gordone's Pulitzer signified two \"\"firsts\"\": he was the first African American playwright to receive a Pulitzer, and \"\"No Place to be Somebody\"\" was the first off-Broadway play to receive the award. Written over the course of seven years, the play explores racial tensions in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3380608",
"chunk_text": "\"We Gotta Get out of This Place\"\nWe Gotta Get out of This Place \"\"We Gotta Get out of This Place\"\", occasionally written \"\"We've Gotta Get out of This Place\"\", is a rock song written by Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil and recorded as a 1965 hit single by The Animals. It has become an iconic song of its type and was immensely popular with United States Armed Forces GIs during the Vietnam War. In 2004 it was ranked number 233 on \"\"Rolling Stone\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time list; it is also in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20419276",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (soundtrack)\"\nThe Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (soundtrack) The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader is the soundtrack to the . David Arnold composed the soundtrack, which was released on December 7, 2010. The soundtrack received a nomination for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for \"\"There's a Place for Us\"\" at the 68th Golden Globe Awards. It was announced on October 9, 2007 that award-winning composer David Arnold would score the film with the themes composed by Harry Gregson-Williams (who scored \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\"). It was Arnold's fourth collaboration with Apted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19393705",
"chunk_text": "\"Is There No Place on Earth for Me?\"\nIs There No Place on Earth for Me? Is There No Place On Earth For Me? written by Susan Sheehan and published in 1982 by Houghton Mifflin, it won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction. This book recounts the lonely, harrowing life of Sylvia Frumkin who is diagnosed schizophrenic. Sheehan followed Frumkin for two-and-a-half years, much of which was spent inside a mental hospital, Creedmoor Psychiatric Center, in Queens. It presents outstanding reporting on what it's like to be mentally ill and how the mental health system often fails in its treatment of those it was designed to help.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "968675",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph Papp\"\nJoseph Papp Joseph Papp (born Joseph Papirofsky; June 22, 1921 – October 31, 1991) was an American theatrical producer and director. He established The Public Theater in what had been the Astor Library Building in lower Manhattan. There, Papp created a year-round producing home to focus on new plays and musicals. Among numerous examples of these were the works of David Rabe, Ntozake Shange's \"\"For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf\"\", Charles Gordone's \"\"No Place to Be Somebody\"\" (the first off-Broadway play to win the Pulitzer Prize), and Papp's production of Michael Bennett's Pulitzer Prize–winning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_475
|
actor who played caesar in dawn of the planet of the apes?
|
n/a
|
[
"Andy Serkis"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787631",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nat the 84th Academy Awards, among other accolades. The strength of Serkis's performance also inspired Fox to promote him for Oscar consideration; he was not nominated by Academy voters. Following the movie's success, Fox immediately planned for a sequel. Producers Peter Chernin and Dylan Clark started planning the film eventually titled \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" just after \"\"Rise\"\"s release in 2011. Fox allocated a budget of $170 million. Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver returned to pen the script and produce, and the studio quickly signed Andy Serkis to reprise his role as Caesar. Director Rupert Wyatt withdrew",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6428785",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nApes\"\". In September 2015, it was announced that Woody Harrelson had been cast as the film's antagonist. In October 2015, Steve Zahn was cast as a new ape in the film, retitled as \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Dawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14222340",
"chunk_text": "\"Roddy McDowall\"\nRoddy McDowall Roderick Andrew Anthony Jude \"\"Roddy\"\" McDowall (September 17, 1928 – October 3, 1998) was an English-American actor, voice artist, film director and photographer. He is best known for portraying Cornelius and Caesar in the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" film series, as well as Galen in the spin-off television series. He began his acting career as a child in England, and then in the United States, in \"\"How Green Was My Valley\"\" (1941), \"\"My Friend Flicka\"\" (1943) and \"\"Lassie Come Home\"\" (1943). As an adult, McDowall appeared most frequently as a character actor on radio, stage, film, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787630",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nRupert Wyatt. To portray ape characters realistically, the production avoided practical effects in favor of performance capture acting, partnering with New Zealand visual effects company Weta Digital. Wyatt cast James Franco as Will Rodman, while veteran performance capture actor Andy Serkis signed on to star as Caesar. \"\"Rise\"\" debuted on August 5, 2011. Critics reviewed it positively, especially praising the visual effects and Serkis's performance. It was a major box office hit, taking in $482 million globally, more than five times its $93 million budget. Weta's special effects earned the film two Visual Effects Society Awards and an Oscar nomination",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6428755",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nDawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", which began 20th Century Fox's reboot of the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series. \"\"Dawn\"\" is set ten years after the events of \"\"Rise\"\", and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1973437",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nas a deliberate hint to a possible sequel. In November 2011, Andy Serkis was the first to be announced as having closed a deal for a sequel to \"\"Rise\"\". It was reported to be a \"\"healthy seven-figure deal\"\" for him to reprise his role as Caesar, the ape leader. On May 15, 2012, it was announced Scott Z. Burns had been hired to do rewrites on the original screenplay by \"\"Rise\"\" writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. On May 31, 2012, 20th Century Fox announced that the sequel would be titled \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". On September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14920081",
"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nWar for the Planet of the Apes War for the Planet of the Apes is a 2017 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback and Reeves. A sequel to \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011) and \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), it is the third installment in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series. The film stars Andy Serkis, Woody Harrelson and Steve Zahn, and follows a confrontation between the apes, led by Caesar, and the humans for control of Earth. Like its predecessor, its premise shares several similarities",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15297991",
"chunk_text": "\"Kodi Smit-McPhee\"\nKodi Smit-McPhee Kodi Smit-McPhee (born 13 June 1996) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as The Boy in \"\"The Road\"\", Owen in \"\"Let Me In\"\", Norman Babcock in \"\"ParaNorman\"\", Alexander in \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", Nightcrawler in the 2016 film \"\"\"\", and the lead role in the film \"\"Alpha\"\". Smit-McPhee was born in Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Sonja Smit and Andy McPhee. His father is an actor and former professional wrestler. His sister is actress and singer Sianoa Smit-McPhee. Smit-McPhee's first feature film role was in \"\"Romulus, My Father\"\", which garnered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16735749",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nCaesar as he leads the apes and their human subjects after a devastating war that destroyed much of the planet. He contends with both an attack by radiation-scarred human mutants and a coup attempt as he attempts to build a better society for both apes and humans. McDowall returned as Caesar, and Severn Darden returned as Kolp. Paul Williams played the orangutan Virgil, Austin Stoker played MacDonald (the brother of Hari Rhodes' character), and Claude Akins played the evil gorilla general Aldo. John Huston played the orangutan Lawgiver in a frame narrative. The film opened on May 2, 1973. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352142",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nCast models of apes' heads and limbs helped the texture department replicate skin details such as wrinkles and pores. Given the difference between human and chimpanzee facial muscles, the animators tweaked the performance through a new facial muscle system adding dynamics, ballistics, and secondary motion. As the silent performance required expressive eyes, a new eye model was made to depict both greater accuracy in muscle movement in and around the eyes, and also tears, pupil dilation, and light refraction. While Andy Serkis was the primary performer for Caesar, as the effects team considered that at times \"\"Andy overcame the character,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1973440",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nKodi Smit-McPhee were cast in lead roles for the sequel, set ten years after the events from the first film. In March 2013, actress Keri Russell was cast in a role. That same month, Judy Greer was cast as Cornelia, a female chimp and love interest for Caesar. Toby Kebbell, Enrique Murciano and Kirk Acevedo joined the cast during filming. On May 15, 2013, Jocko Sims was cast in a supporting role of military operative Werner. Filming began in April 2013 around the town of Campbell River, British Columbia. The location of Vancouver Island was chosen for its similarity to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352151",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nthe screenplay, with rewrites from Scott Z. Burns and Mark Bomback. Taking place ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", \"\"Dawn\"\" follows Caesar's growing nation of evolved apes. Andy Serkis, Terry Notary and Karin Konoval reprise their roles as Caesar, Rocket and Maurice. James Franco returned as Will Rodman in a \"\"cameo via video\"\". \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released July 11, 2014. On January 6, 2014, 20th Century Fox announced a third installment with Reeves returning to direct and co-write along with Bomback, with a planned July 2016 release. In January 2015, Fox delayed the release to July 14,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14920106",
"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nSerkis’s performance as Caesar is one of the marvels of modern screen acting.\"\" Peter Travers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" gave the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, and said that Serkis performed \"\"with a resonant power and depth of feeling that's nearly Shakespearean. Oscar, get busy: Serkis deserves the gold,\"\" and went on to say that \"\"\"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" – No. 9 in the simian cinema canon – is the best of the Apes films since the 1968 original.\"\" Eric Kohn of \"\"Indiewire\"\" gave the film a B+ rating, and praised Matt Reeves's directing, saying \"\"It’s a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787634",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nof \"\"Dawn\"\", he was contracted to return as director; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Dylan Clark, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver again served as producers. Given a $150 million budget, \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on July 14, 2017. The film depicts the apes and humans in armed conflict, and follows Caesar and his followers as they track down the mysterious Colonel, a human paramilitary leader, and search for a new home. Serkis returned as Caesar, Woody Harrelson played the villainous Colonel, and Steve Zahn played Bad Ape. It earned widespread",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352145",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\n\"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" breathes unlikely new life into a long-running franchise.\"\" Another review aggregator, Metacritic, gave the film a score of 68 out of 100, based on 39 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Roger Ebert gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and praised the role of Caesar and Andy Serkis by stating it was a \"\"wonderfully executed character\"\" and \"\"one never knows exactly where the human ends and the effects begin, but Serkis and/or Caesar gives the best performance in the movie.\"\" Giving the film 5 out of 5 stars, Joe Neumaier of \"\"Daily",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352125",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nRise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series of films. Its premise is similar to the fourth film in the original series, \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1972), but it is not a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2710137",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Clarke\"\nJason Clarke Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian film and television actor. Clarke has appeared in many TV series, and is known for playing Tommy Caffee on the television series \"\"Brotherhood\"\". He has also appeared in many films, often as an antagonist. His film roles include \"\"Zero Dark Thirty\"\" (2012), \"\"White House Down\"\" (2013), \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), \"\"Terminator Genisys\"\" (2015), \"\"Everest\"\" (2015), \"\"Mudbound\"\" (2017), \"\"Chappaquiddick\"\" (2017), in which he portrayed Ted Kennedy, and \"\"First Man\"\" (2018), in which he portrayed astronaut Ed White. Jason Clarke was born and brought up in Winton,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2710139",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Clarke\"\nfilm \"\"Zero Dark Thirty\"\". Clarke played a major role in the 2012 crime film \"\"Lawless\"\". He played George Wilson in the 2013 remake of \"\"The Great Gatsby\"\". Also, in 2013, he played ruthless terrorist leader Emil Stenz in \"\"White House Down\"\". He played Malcolm in the 2014 film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". In 2015's \"\"Terminator Genisys\"\", Clarke portrayed John Connor, and the film grossed over $440 million worldwide. Jason Clarke Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian film and television actor. Clarke has appeared in many TV series, and is known for playing Tommy Caffee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787632",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nfrom the project due to production and scheduling issues, and was replaced by Matt Reeves. Set ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", the film establishes that the \"\"simian flu\"\" that increased the intelligence of the apes has killed most humans. Caesar struggles to maintain peace as his ape community is drawn into violent clashes with nearby human survivors. Weta Digital again provided special effects work, which combined practical sets, digitally manipulated backgrounds, and performance capture ape characters. The lead human characters were played by Jason Clarke, as Malcolm; Keri Russell, as Ellie; and Gary Oldman, as Dreyfus. Released on July 11, 2014,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1973451",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nape Caesar's troubled quest for independence bests its predecessor in nearly every technical and conceptual department, with incoming helmer Matt Reeves conducting the proceedings with more assertive genre elan than \"\"Rise\"\" journeyman Rupert Wyatt.\"\" Todd McCarthy of \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" stated that the film \"\"manages to do at least three things exceptionally well that are hard enough to pull off individually: Maintain a simmering level of tension without let-up for two hours, seriously improve on a very good first entry in a franchise and produce a powerful humanistic statement using a significantly simian cast of characters. In the annals of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352152",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\n2017. On May 14, 2015, the title was given as \"\"War of the Planet of the Apes\"\", later re-titled to \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Rise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1973439",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\n\"\"Now Rupert's not a part of it so I don't know. My guess is I won't be in it. Nobody's talked to me since Rupert left.\"\" Later, Matt Reeves revealed that Franco would be seen in a cameo in the film. Freida Pinto, who played primatologist Caroline Aranha in \"\"Rise\"\", confirmed that she would not be returning for \"\"Dawn\"\". In April 2014, when asked by IGN about the fate of Franco and Pinto's characters, producer Dylan Clark said, \"\"I mean, they’re the ones that died...They were ground zero of the virus.\"\" In February 2013, actors Gary Oldman, Jason Clarke, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12694242",
"chunk_text": "\"Kodi Smit-McPhee\"\ntames a wolf, in \"\"Alpha\"\" (2018). Smit-McPhee lives in Los Angeles, California, with his sister. Kodi Smit-McPhee Kodi Smit-McPhee (born 13 June 1996) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as The Boy in \"\"The Road\"\", Owen in \"\"Let Me In\"\", Norman Babcock in \"\"ParaNorman\"\", Alexander in \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", Nightcrawler in the 2016 film \"\"\"\", and the lead role in the film \"\"Alpha\"\". Smit-McPhee was born in Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Sonja Smit and Andy McPhee. His father is an actor and former professional wrestler. His sister is actress and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17002513",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (2001 film)\"\nbe the Lincoln Memorial, only to find that it is now a monument to General Thade. A swarm of police officers, firefighters, and news reporters descend on Leo, all of whom are apes. Small roles include David Warner (Senator Sandar), Lisa Marie (Nova), Erick Avari (Tival), Luke Eberl (Birn), Evan Parke (Gunnar), Glenn Shadix (Senator Nado), Freda Foh Shen (Bon), Chris Ellis (Lt. Gen. Karl Vasich) and Anne Ramsay (Lt. Col. Grace Alexander). There are also cameo appearances by Charlton Heston (uncredited) as Zaius, Thade's father, and Linda Harrison (the woman in the cart). Both participated in two original films",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2347555",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nplay Caesar, the son of his previous character Cornelius. Ricardo Montalban returned as Armando, while Don Murray played Governor Breck, Severn Darden played Kolp, and Hari Rhodes played MacDonald. Following \"\"Escape\"\", \"\"Conquest\"\" is set in a near future where humans have turned apes into slaves; Caesar rises from bondage to lead an ape rebellion. The film opened on June 30, 1972. Reviews were mixed, but the ending left the series open to another sequel, and \"\"Conquest\"\" was successful enough at the box office that Fox commissioned another film. Fox approved \"\"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\"\" with a $1.2",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352143",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nother motion capture team actors were also used, especially Devyn Dalton, whose height matched that of a chimpanzee. Along with that, they used Notary to play Caesar in stunt-filled scenes such as the Golden Gate Bridge scene. The score for the film was written by Patrick Doyle and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony conducted by James Shearman. The main concern was to have the music help progress the plot in the scenes without dialogue, for instance, conveying the emotions of Caesar's relationships with Will and Charles. To turn the score into a \"\"driving force that keeps audiences paying attention,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10433338",
"chunk_text": "\"Brian Cox (actor)\"\nBrian Cox (actor) Brian Denis Cox (born 1 June 1946) is a Scottish actor who works with the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he gained recognition for his portrayal of King Lear. Cox is also known for appearing in \"\"Super Troopers\"\", \"\"The Bourne Identity\"\", \"\"The Bourne Supremacy\"\", \"\"X2\"\", \"\"Braveheart\"\", \"\"Rushmore\"\", \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", and \"\"Troy.\"\" He was the first actor to portray Hannibal Lecter on film in 1986's \"\"Manhunter\"\". An Emmy Award winner, Cox has also been nominated for Golden Globe, BAFTA, and Screen Actors Guild Awards. In 2006, \"\"Empire\"\" readers voted him the recipient of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12868122",
"chunk_text": "\"Andy Serkis\"\nAndy Serkis Andrew Clement Serkis (born 20 April 1964) is an English actor and film director. He is best known for his performance capture roles comprising motion capture acting, animation and voice work for such computer-generated characters as Gollum in \"\"The Lord of the Rings\"\" film trilogy (2001–2003) and \"\"\"\" (2012), King Kong in the eponymous 2005 film, Caesar in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series (2011–17), Captain Haddock / Sir Francis Haddock in Steven Spielberg's \"\"The Adventures of Tintin\"\" (2011), and Supreme Leader Snoke in the first two \"\"Star Wars\"\" sequel trilogy films, \"\"\"\" (2015) and \"\"\"\" (2017).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17099060",
"chunk_text": "\"Ricardo Montalbán\"\nRicardo Montalbán Ricardo Gonzalo Pedro Montalbán y Merino, (; ; November 25, 1920 – January 14, 2009) was a Mexican actor. His career spanned seven decades, during which he became known for many different performances in a variety of genres, from crime and drama to musicals and comedy. Among his notable roles was Armando in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" film series from the early 1970s, where he starred in \"\"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1971) and \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1972). Ricardo Montalbán played Mr. Roarke on the television series \"\"Fantasy Island\"\" (1977–1984), and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13474322",
"chunk_text": "\"Andy Serkis\"\ndone critically acclaimed motion capture work in several other films, including the title character in the 2005 version of King Kong (in which he also played the ship's cook in live action) and as Caesar in \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011), \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), and \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2017). He also worked with game developers Ninja Theory on the 2007 release \"\"Heavenly Sword\"\", providing the motion capture and voice for King Bohan (the game's main villain). Serkis was cast as serial killer Ian Brady in the BAFTA-nominated \"\"Longford\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352126",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\ndirect remake of that film. In the film, a substance designed to help the brain repair itself gives advanced intelligence to a chimpanzee named Caesar, who leads an ape uprising. \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on August 5, 2011, to critical and commercial success. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. It was also nominated for five Saturn Awards including Best Director for Wyatt and Best Writing for Jaffa and Silver, winning Best Science Fiction Film, Best Supporting Actor for Serkis and Best Special Effects. Serkis's performance as Caesar was widely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6389066",
"chunk_text": "\"Charlton Heston\"\nCharlton Heston Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor and political activist. As a Hollywood star, he appeared in almost 100 films over the course of 60 years. He played Moses in the epic film \"\"The Ten Commandments\"\" (1956), for which he received his first nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. He also starred in \"\"Touch of Evil\"\" (1958) with Orson Welles, \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" (1959), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, \"\"El Cid\"\" (1961), \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" (1968), \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11590221",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice Evans (actor)\"\nwas survived by a brother, Hugh, of London. Evans died, aged 87, in Rottingdean, East Sussex, England, reportedly of heart failure as a result of a bronchial infection. Maurice Evans (actor) Maurice Herbert Evans (3 June 1901 – 12 March 1989) was a British actor, noted for his interpretations of Shakespearean characters. His best-known screen roles are Dr. Zaius in the 1968 film \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" and as Samantha Stephens's father, Maurice, on \"\"Bewitched\"\". Evans was born at 28 Icen Way (where there is now a memorial plaque, unveiled in 2013 by Tegen Evans, his great-great niece) in Dorchester,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12301592",
"chunk_text": "\"James Chinlund\"\nthe highest grossing opening weekend of all time. In 2015 he was nominated for an Art Director’s Guild Award and the Saturn Award for his work on the Fox film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" directed by Matt Reeves. Most recently James has completed work on the next film in the Apes series \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". James Chinlund James Chinlund (born March 17, 1971) was born and raised in New York City. He studied Fine Art at CalArts in Los Angeles, with a focus on sculpture and large scale installation work. After graduating, Chinlund",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7884943",
"chunk_text": "\"Terry Notary\"\nTerry Notary Terry Notary (born August 14, 1968) is an American actor, stunt co-ordinator/double and movement coach. Notary mainly portrays creatures and animals for the film and television industry, and is known for his motion capture performances in films like \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"The Adventures of Tintin: Secrets of the Unicorn\"\", the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series, and \"\"The Hobbit\"\" film trilogy. In 2018, Notary played Cull Obsidian in the Marvel Studios film \"\"\"\". Born in San Rafael, California, Notary was diagnosed as being severely hyperactive at age 7. His parents enrolled him in gymnastics class to burn off excess energy.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "511479",
"chunk_text": "\"Terry Notary\"\nTerry Notary Terry Notary (born August 14, 1968) is an American actor, stunt co-ordinator/double and movement coach. Notary mainly portrays creatures and animals for the film and television industry, and is known for his motion capture performances in films like \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"The Adventures of Tintin: Secrets of the Unicorn\"\", the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series, and \"\"The Hobbit\"\" film trilogy. In 2018, Notary played Cull Obsidian in the Marvel Studios film \"\"\"\". Born in San Rafael, California, Notary was diagnosed as being severely hyperactive at age 7. His parents enrolled him in gymnastics class to burn off excess energy.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18295139",
"chunk_text": "\"Don Pedro Colley\"\nin his hometown of Klamath Falls, Oregon, at the age of age 79. Don Pedro Colley Don Pedro Colley (August 30, 1938 – October 11, 2017) was an American actor. Some of his better known roles include Gideon on \"\"Daniel Boone\"\", Ongaro in \"\"Beneath the Planet of the Apes\"\", SRT in George Lucas' \"\"THX 1138\"\", Joshua in \"\"The Legend of Nigger Charley\"\", and Sheriff Ed Little in the 1980s TV series \"\"The Dukes of Hazzard\"\". Colley was born in Klamath Falls, Oregon to Muriel and Pete Colley. He attended Klamath Union High School and actively played football and track and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13411981",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice Evans (actor)\"\nMaurice Evans (actor) Maurice Herbert Evans (3 June 1901 – 12 March 1989) was a British actor, noted for his interpretations of Shakespearean characters. His best-known screen roles are Dr. Zaius in the 1968 film \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" and as Samantha Stephens's father, Maurice, on \"\"Bewitched\"\". Evans was born at 28 Icen Way (where there is now a memorial plaque, unveiled in 2013 by Tegen Evans, his great-great niece) in Dorchester, Dorset. He was the son of Laura (Turner) and Alfred Herbert Evans, a Welsh dispensing chemist and keen amateur actor who made adaptations of novels by Thomas Hardy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10837209",
"chunk_text": "\"Terence Stamp\"\nTerence Stamp Terence Henry Stamp (born 22 July 1938) is an English actor. After training at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art in London he started his acting career in 1962. He has appeared in more than 60 films. His performance in the title role of \"\"Billy Budd\"\", his film debut, earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor and a BAFTA nomination for Best Newcomer. Stamp's other major roles include butterfly collector Freddie Clegg in \"\"The Collector\"\", archvillain General Zod in \"\"Superman\"\" and \"\"Superman II\"\", tough guy Wilson in \"\"The Limey\"\", Supreme Chancellor Valorum in \"\"\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4401516",
"chunk_text": "\"Don Pedro Colley\"\nDon Pedro Colley Don Pedro Colley (August 30, 1938 – October 11, 2017) was an American actor. Some of his better known roles include Gideon on \"\"Daniel Boone\"\", Ongaro in \"\"Beneath the Planet of the Apes\"\", SRT in George Lucas' \"\"THX 1138\"\", Joshua in \"\"The Legend of Nigger Charley\"\", and Sheriff Ed Little in the 1980s TV series \"\"The Dukes of Hazzard\"\". Colley was born in Klamath Falls, Oregon to Muriel and Pete Colley. He attended Klamath Union High School and actively played football and track and field, which led to an unsuccessful try-out for the 1960 Summer Olympics. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16735764",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nfilm stars Mark Wahlberg as astronaut Leo Davidson, who accidentally travels through a wormhole to a distant planet where talking apes enslave humans. He leads a human revolt and upends ape civilization by discovering that the apes evolved from the normal earth primates who had accompanied his mission, and arrived years before. Helena Bonham Carter played chimpanzee Ari, while Tim Roth played the human-hating chimpanzee General Thade. The film received mixed reviews; most critics believed it failed to compare to the original. Much of the negative commentary focused on the confusing plot and twist ending, though many reviewers praised the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19662218",
"chunk_text": "\"Ricardo Montalbán\"\nwas played by Andy García. Ricardo Montalbán Ricardo Gonzalo Pedro Montalbán y Merino, (; ; November 25, 1920 – January 14, 2009) was a Mexican actor. His career spanned seven decades, during which he became known for many different performances in a variety of genres, from crime and drama to musicals and comedy. Among his notable roles was Armando in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" film series from the early 1970s, where he starred in \"\"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1971) and \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1972). Ricardo Montalbán played Mr. Roarke on the television",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20424969",
"chunk_text": "\"Malcolm Danare\"\nMalcolm Danare Malcolm Danare (born June 15, 1962) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his role of Caesar in the 1985 film \"\"Heaven Help Us\"\" and Dr. Mendel Craven in the 1998 film \"\"Godzilla\"\" and its . He is also known for voicing Kipling in \"\"Monster High\"\" and voicing Tiny of \"\"Ever After High.\"\" Malcolm Danare had never been in front of a camera before he played the role that earned him a Golden Globe nomination. This debut role was Poteete in Paramount Pictures’ movie \"\"The Lords of Discipline\"\", for which he was nominated for Best Newcomer.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2916758",
"chunk_text": "\"Malcolm Danare\"\nMalcolm Danare Malcolm Danare (born June 15, 1962) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his role of Caesar in the 1985 film \"\"Heaven Help Us\"\" and Dr. Mendel Craven in the 1998 film \"\"Godzilla\"\" and its . He is also known for voicing Kipling in \"\"Monster High\"\" and voicing Tiny of \"\"Ever After High.\"\" Malcolm Danare had never been in front of a camera before he played the role that earned him a Golden Globe nomination. This debut role was Poteete in Paramount Pictures’ movie \"\"The Lords of Discipline\"\", for which he was nominated for Best Newcomer.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13240441",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerome Willis\"\nJerome Willis Jerome Barry Willis (23 October 1928 – 11 January 2014) was a prominent British stage and screen actor with more than 100 screen credits to his name. Willis had a leading role in the ITV drama series \"\"The Sandbaggers\"\" as Matthew Peele. He also appeared in \"\"Z Cars\"\" as DCS Richards, \"\"Within These Walls\"\" as Charles Radley, and \"\"Doctor Who\"\" as corporate polluter Stevens in \"\"The Green Death\"\". He played Praetorian Guard commander Macro in the ITV Roman series \"\"The Caesars\"\". Other television appearances include the cult children's television series \"\"Freewheelers\"\" as the manic Professor Nero, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3312050",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\"\na nod to the role of \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" make-up artist John Chambers in the Canadian Caper. Battle for the Planet of the Apes Battle for the Planet of the Apes is a 1973 science fiction film directed by J. Lee Thompson. It is the fifth and final entry in the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, produced by Arthur P. Jacobs, following \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\". It stars Roddy McDowall, Claude Akins, Natalie Trundy, Severn Darden, Lew Ayres, Paul Williams and John Huston. The two sequels in the 2010s reboot series, \"\"Dawn of the Planet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9690807",
"chunk_text": "\"Lex Barker\"\nmeet his fiancée, actress Karen Kondazian. The funeral was in New York. He was cremated and the ashes were taken by his wife Tita to Spain. Lex Barker Alexander Crichlow \"\"Lex\"\" Barker Jr. (May 8, 1919 – May 11, 1973) was an American actor best known for playing Tarzan of the Apes and leading characters from Karl May's novels. Alexander Crichlow Barker, Jr. was born on May 8, 1919 in Rye, New York. He was the second child of Alexander Crichlow Barker, Sr., a wealthy Canadian-born building contractor, and his American wife, the former Marion Thornton Beals. His father later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11162073",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Lemmon\"\nDan Lemmon Dan Lemmon is a New Zealand visual effects supervisor. In 2012, he was nominated for an Academy Award for the movie \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\". This was in the category of Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, his nomination was shared with Daniel Barrett, Joe Letteri and R. Christopher White. His second nomination was at the 87th Academy Awards for the film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". His nomination was shared with Letteri, Barrett, and Erik Winquist. He received his third nomination (and first win) at the 89th Academy Awards for \"\"The Jungle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11572767",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Hunter\"\nKim Hunter Kim Hunter (born Janet Cole; November 12, 1922 – September 11, 2002) was an American film, theatre, and television actress. She won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award, each as Best Supporting Actress, for her performance as Stella Kowalski in the 1951 film \"\"A Streetcar Named Desire\"\". Decades later, she was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for her work on the long-running soap opera \"\"The Edge of Night\"\". She also portrayed the character of chimpanzee Zira in the first three installments of the original film adaptation \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\". Hunter was born in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1783370",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Gray (actor)\"\nOther television appearances included roles in Dennis Potter's \"\"Blackeyes\"\", \"\"The New Statesman\"\", \"\"Thriller\"\", \"\"Upstairs, Downstairs\"\", \"\"Bergerac\"\", \"\"Porterhouse Blue\"\" plus a range of Shakespearean roles, such as Caesar in \"\"Julius Caesar\"\" and Pandarus in \"\"Troilus and Cressida\"\". He regularly dubbed for Jack Hawkins, in the film \"\"Theatre of Blood\"\" and others, after Hawkins's larynx was removed to combat throat cancer. Gray died of cancer on Tuesday 7 March 2000. He was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium, where his ashes remain. Gray never married. Charles Gray (actor) Charles Gray (29 August 1928 – 7 March 2000) was an English actor who was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_476
|
what information is displayed in clear text from the ftp header?
|
n/a
|
[
"all transmissions"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12386109",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\naccess this resource. More details on specifying a username and password may be found in the browsers' documentation (e.g., Firefox and Internet Explorer). By default, most web browsers use passive (PASV) mode, which more easily traverses end-user firewalls. Some variation has existed in how different browsers treat path resolution in cases where there is a non-root home directory for a user. FTP was not designed to be a secure protocol, and has many security weaknesses. In May 1999, the authors of listed a vulnerability to the following problems: FTP does not encrypt its traffic; all transmissions are in clear text,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687236",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nFile Transfer Protocol The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14365299",
"chunk_text": "\"Text-based protocol\"\nText-based protocol A text-based protocol or plain text protocol is a communications protocol whose content representation is in human-readable format. The immediate human readability stands in contrast to binary protocols which have inherent benefits for use in a computer environment (such as ease of mechanical parsing and improved bandwidth utilization). Different network applications have different methods of encapsulating data. One method very common with Internet protocols is a text oriented representation that transmits requests and responses as lines of ASCII text, terminated by a newline character (and usually a carriage return character). Typical examples are FTP (File Transfer Protocol), SMTP",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9841186",
"chunk_text": "\"I-net Crystal-Clear\"\nI-net Crystal-Clear i-net Clear Reports (formerly known as i-net Crystal-Clear) is a Java-based cross-platform reporting application providing a report designer and a server component to create reports in numerous output formats like PDF, HTML, PS, RTF, XLS, TXT, CSV, SVG, XML, as well as being viewable in a Java applet or Swing component. Application programmers can integrate i-net Clear Reports using the public API which spans over 200 classes. Starting with release 11.0 i-net Clear Reports also supports the .NET programming language and offers a public API for further integration in other products. in Version 11.0 i-net Crystal-Clear was renamed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14091509",
"chunk_text": "\"Plain text\"\nPlain text In computing, plain text is a loose term for data (e.g. file contents) that represent only characters of readable material but not its graphical representation nor other objects (floating-point numbers, images, etc.). It may also include a limited number of characters that control simple arrangement of text, such as spaces, line breaks, or tabulation characters (although tab characters can \"\"mean\"\" many different things, so are hardly \"\"plain\"\"). Plain text is different from formatted text, where style information is included; from structured text, where structural parts of the document such as paragraphs, sections, and the like are identified); and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2382763",
"chunk_text": "\"Fielded text\"\nanalogous to the Meta information for a database. The Meta contains the following groups of information Meta files typically have a file extension of \"\"ftm\"\" A Fielded Text file can be either declared or undeclared. A Declared Fielded Text file starts with 2 special lines which reference the Meta associated with the text file. The Meta reference can either be a URI, a file or embedded within the Text File as comments. Declared Fielded Text files always begin with the characters \"\"\"\"|!Fielded Text^|\"\"\"\" (without quotes) to identify the files as a declared Fielded Text file. A file extension of \"\"ftx\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1575496",
"chunk_text": "\"HTTP/1.1 Upgrade header\"\nHTTP/1.1 Upgrade header The Upgrade header field is an HTTP header field introduced in HTTP/1.1. In the exchange, the client begins by making a cleartext request, which is later upgraded to a newer HTTP protocol version or switched to a different protocol. Connection upgrade must be requested by the client; if the server wants to enforce an upgrade it may send a codice_1 response. The client can then send a new request with the appropriate upgrade headers while keeping the connection open. One use is to begin a request on the normal HTTP port but switch to Transport Layer Security",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19639572",
"chunk_text": "Newline\nwhatever newline representation the other system uses, effectively corrupting the file. FTP clients often employ some heuristics (for example, inspection of filename extensions) to automatically select either binary or ASCII mode, but in the end it is up to users to make sure their files are transferred in the correct mode. If there is any doubt as to the correct mode, binary mode should be used, as then no files will be altered by FTP, though they may display incorrectly. Text editors are often used for converting a text file between different newline formats; most modern editors can read and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13345679",
"chunk_text": "Plaintext\nPlaintext In cryptography, plaintext or cleartext is unencrypted information, as opposed to information encrypted for storage or transmission. \"\"Plaintext\"\" usually means unencrypted information pending input into cryptographic algorithms, usually encryption algorithms. \"\"Cleartext\"\" usually refers to data that is transmitted or stored unencrypted ('in the clear'). With the advent of computing, the term \"\"plaintext\"\" expanded beyond human-readable documents to mean any data, including binary files, in a form that can be viewed or used without requiring a key or other decryption device. Information—a message, document, file, etc.—if to be communicated or stored in encrypted form is referred to as plaintext. Plaintext",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8451098",
"chunk_text": "Email\none header (the \"\"header section\"\" of the message, according to the specification), which is structured into fields (\"\"header fields\"\"). Each field has a name (\"\"field name\"\" or \"\"header field name\"\") and a value (\"\"field body\"\" or \"\"header field body\"\"). RFC 5322 specifies the precise syntax. Informally, each line of text in the header that begins with a non-whitespace printable character begins a separate field. The field name starts in the first character of the line and ends before the separator character \"\":\"\". The separator is then followed by the field value (the \"\"body\"\" of the field). The value is continued",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9248346",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nAfter such time, all data channel communication between the FTPS client and server is assumed to be encrypted. The FTPS client may exit the secure data channel mode at any time by issuing a CDC (clear data channel) command. It may not be advantageous to use data channel encryption when performing transfers under the following scenarios: It may not be advantageous to use control channel encryption under the following scenarios: Much like HTTPS, FTPS servers must provide a public key certificate. These certificates can be requested and created using tools such as OpenSSL. When these certificates are signed by a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687240",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nbe used: For text files, different format control and record structure options are provided. These features were designed to facilitate files containing Telnet or ASA. Data transfer can be done in any of three modes: Some FTP software also implements a DEFLATE-based compressed mode, sometimes called \"\"Mode Z\"\" after the command that enables it. This mode was described in an Internet Draft, but not standardized. FTP login uses normal username and password scheme for granting access. The username is sent to the server using the USER command, and the password is sent using the PASS command. This sequence is unencrypted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19364571",
"chunk_text": "\"HTTP message body\"\nis the text \"\"Hello world!\"\". HTTP message body HTTP Message Body is the data bytes transmitted in an HTTP transaction message immediately following the headers if there are any (in the case of HTTP/0.9 no headers are transmitted). The request/response message consists of the following: The request/status line and headers must all end with <CR><LF> (that is, a carriage return followed by a line feed). The empty line must consist of only <CR><LF> and no other whitespace. The \"\"optional HTTP message body data\"\" is what this article defines. This could be a response from the web server: The message body",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12386120",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nFor systems with a word size that is a multiple of 8 bits, the implementation of binary and continuous is the same. The protocol also supports login with user ID and password, hierarchical folders and file management (including \"\"rename\"\", \"\"delete\"\", \"\"upload\"\", \"\"download\"\", \"\"download with overwrite\"\", and \"\"download with append\"\"). Below is a summary of FTP reply codes that may be returned by an FTP server. These codes have been standardized in by the IETF. The reply code is a three-digit value. The first digit is used to indicate one of three possible outcomes — success, failure, or to indicate an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15613759",
"chunk_text": "Email\nRFC 822 was based on the earlier RFC 733 for the ARPANET. Internet email messages consist of two major sections, the message header and the message body, collectively known as content. The header is structured into fields such as From, To, CC, Subject, Date, and other information about the email. In the process of transporting email messages between systems, SMTP communicates delivery parameters and information using message header fields. The body contains the message, as unstructured text, sometimes containing a signature block at the end. The header is separated from the body by a blank line. Each message has exactly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9248348",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nFTP protocol control messages in order to determine which secondary data connections they need to allow. However, if the FTP control connection is encrypted using TLS/SSL, the firewall cannot determine the TCP port number of a data connection negotiated between the client and FTP server. Therefore, in many firewalled networks, an FTPS deployment will fail when an unencrypted FTP deployment will work. This problem can be solved with the use of a limited range of ports for data and configuring the firewall to open these ports. FTPS FTPS (also known as FTPES, FTP-SSL, and \"\"FTP Secure\"\") is an extension to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12323174",
"chunk_text": "\"OpenDocument technical specification\"\nformat, paper tray, print orientation, margins, border (and its line width), padding, shadow, background, columns, print page order, first page number, scale, table centering, maximum footnote height and separator, and many layout grid properties. Headers and footer can have defined fixed and minimum heights, margins, border line width, padding, background, shadow, and dynamic spacing. There are many attributes for specific text, paragraphs, ruby text, sections, tables, columns, lists, and fills. Specific characters can have their fonts, sizes, generic font family names (\"\"roman\"\" serif, \"\"swiss\"\" sans-serif, \"\"modern\"\" monospace, \"\"decorative\"\", \"\"script\"\" or \"\"system\"\"), and other properties set. Paragraphs can have their vertical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1575499",
"chunk_text": "\"HTTP/1.1 Upgrade header\"\nstarting from plain HTTP. The client starts an HTTP/1.1 connection and sends an codice_8 header. If the server supports HTTP/2, it replies with HTTP 101 Switching Protocol status code. The HTTP Upgrade mechanism is used only for cleartext HTTP2 (h2c). In the case of HTTP2 over TLS (h2), the ALPN TLS protocol extension is used instead. HTTP/1.1 Upgrade header The Upgrade header field is an HTTP header field introduced in HTTP/1.1. In the exchange, the client begins by making a cleartext request, which is later upgraded to a newer HTTP protocol version or switched to a different protocol. Connection upgrade",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6187502",
"chunk_text": "\"Plain text\"\nFor instance, rich text such as SGML, RTF, HTML, XML, wiki markup, and TeX rely on plain text. According to The Unicode Standard, plain text has two main properties in regard to rich text: The purpose of using plain text today is primarily independence from programs that require their very own special encoding or formatting or file format. Plain text files can be opened, read, and edited with countless text editors and utilities. A command-line interface allows people to give commands in plain text and get a response, also typically in plain text. Many other computer programs are also capable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1913345",
"chunk_text": "\"Text-based protocol\"\n(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), or the finger protocol. Text-based protocols are typically optimized for human parsing and interpretation, and are therefore suitable whenever human inspection of protocol contents is required, such as during debugging and during early protocol development design phases. Text-based protocol A text-based protocol or plain text protocol is a communications protocol whose content representation is in human-readable format. The immediate human readability stands in contrast to binary protocols which have inherent benefits for use in a computer environment (such as ease of mechanical parsing and improved bandwidth utilization). Different network applications have different methods of encapsulating data.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19364570",
"chunk_text": "\"HTTP message body\"\nHTTP message body HTTP Message Body is the data bytes transmitted in an HTTP transaction message immediately following the headers if there are any (in the case of HTTP/0.9 no headers are transmitted). The request/response message consists of the following: The request/status line and headers must all end with <CR><LF> (that is, a carriage return followed by a line feed). The empty line must consist of only <CR><LF> and no other whitespace. The \"\"optional HTTP message body data\"\" is what this article defines. This could be a response from the web server: The message body (or content) in this example",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11340098",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nuse with FTP clients: \"\"Implicit\"\" and \"\"Explicit\"\". While the implicit method requires that a Transport Layer Security is established from the beginning of the connection, which in turn breaks the compatibility with non-FTPS-aware clients and servers, the explicit method uses standard FTP protocol commands and replies in order to upgrade a plain text connection to an encrypted one, allowing a single control port to be used for serving both FTPS-aware and non-FTPS-aware clients. Negotiation is not supported with implicit FTPS configurations. A client is immediately expected to challenge the FTPS server with a TLS \"\"ClientHello\"\" message. If such a message",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4935335",
"chunk_text": "FireFTP\ncurrent directory. The pane on the right shows the remote FTP server. Between the panes there are two buttons with arrows, one for upload and the other for download. To connect to an FTP server, one can either enter a site name directly (\"\"QuickConnect\"\") or use the Account Manager to make FireFTP remember settings about that particular site, including the username and password, security settings (encryption schemes), passive mode, initial directories to change to upon connection, and case changes to be performed in file names after transmissions. FireFTP supports caching directory listings, and it can also do a comparison between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11340101",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nan unknown security mechanism, the FTPS server will respond to the AUTH command with error code \"\"504 (not supported)\"\". Clients may determine which mechanisms are supported by querying the FTPS server with the FEAT command, although servers are not necessarily required to be honest in disclosing what levels of security they support. Common methods of invoking FTPS security included AUTH TLS and AUTH SSL.] The explicit method is defined in RFC 4217. In the later versions of the document, FTPS compliance required that clients always negotiate using the AUTH TLS method. FTPS includes full support for the TLS and SSL",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9552950",
"chunk_text": "\"Formatted text\"\nFormatted text Formatted text, styled text, or rich text, as opposed to plain text, has styling information beyond the minimum of semantic elements: colours, styles (boldface, italic), sizes, and special features in HTML (such as hyperlinks). Formatted text cannot rightly be identified with binary files or be distinct from ASCII text. This is because formatted text is not necessarily binary, it may be text-only, such as HTML, RTF or enriched text files, and it may be ASCII-only. Conversely, a plain text file may be non-ASCII (in an encoding such as Unicode UTF-8). Text-only formatted text is achieved by markup which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10641677",
"chunk_text": "\"I-net Crystal-Clear\"\nband-oriented report template format, meaning that reports are designed based on rows of data. The development efforts has changed in more recent years to a full reporting platform approach, rather than the developer-only, framework-based one. True to its roots, i-net Crystal-Clear still has the ability to read and execute Crystal Reports report templates up until the latest versions of Crystal Reports. Unlike Crystal Reports, however, the i-net Crystal-Clear report file format has always been an open format. Until version 9.0 it was an XML format. Since version 9, the report file format is in a zip-based format similar to OpenDocument.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687247",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nWhen an FTP—rather than an HTTP—URL is supplied, the accessible contents on the remote server are presented in a manner that is similar to that used for other web content. A full-featured FTP client can be run within Firefox in the form of an extension called FireFTP. FTP URL syntax is described in , taking the form: codice_1 (the bracketed parts are optional). For example, the URL <nowiki>ftp://public.ftp-servers.example.com/mydirectory/myfile.txt</nowiki> represents the file \"\"myfile.txt\"\" from the directory \"\"mydirectory\"\" on the server \"\"public.ftp-servers.example.com\"\" as an FTP resource. The URL <nowiki>ftp://user001:secretpassword@private.ftp-servers.example.com/mydirectory/myfile.txt</nowiki> adds a specification of the username and password that must be used to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10197952",
"chunk_text": "\"News server operation\"\nEach news article contains a complete set of header lines, but in common use the term \"\"headers\"\" is also used when referring to the News Overview database. The overview is a list of the most frequently used headers, and additional information such as article sizes, typically retrieved by the client software using the NNTP XOVER command. Overviews make reading a newsgroup faster for both the client and server by eliminating the need to open each individual article to present them in list form. If non-overview headers are required, such as for when using a kill file, it may still be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11340095",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nFTPS FTPS (also known as FTPES, FTP-SSL, and \"\"FTP Secure\"\") is an extension to the commonly used File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that adds support for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and, formerly, the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL, which is now prohibited by RFC7568) cryptographic protocols. FTPS should not be confused with the SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), a secure file transfer subsystem for the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol with which it is not compatible. It is also different from FTP over SSH, which is the practice of tunneling FTP through an SSH connection. The File Transfer Protocol was drafted in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3329183",
"chunk_text": "GFTP\nGUI uses a double-paned layout, with the local filesystem in the left pane and the remote filesystem in the right pane. Below there is a transfer queue that shows the real-time status of each queued or active file transfer. At the bottom is a message log, which displays the text commands and responses between gFTP and the remote server. Sites are stored in a hierarchical collection of bookmarks, though a site bar allows connections to unbookmarked sites. Project head Brian Masney in June 2013 indicated that, without a new release in over five years, the project is dormant and that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3147231",
"chunk_text": "EIA-608\n\"\"text.\"\" The latter is not in common use due to the lack of hardware support and bandwidth available. Text is signaled by the use of text commands and can be used for a formatted URL string with a 16-bit checksum that designates a web site that the captions relate to or a local station communication channel. This layering is based on the OSI Protocol Reference Model: The user data structure that follows a H.262 GOP header is as follows (the same would apply after an ISO/IEC 14496-2 GOP header): bslbf: bit string, left bit first ; uimsbf: unsigned integer, most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13594038",
"chunk_text": "CompleteFTP\nCompleteFTP CompleteFTP is a proprietary FTP server for Windows that supports FTP, FTPS, SFTP, SCP, HTTP and HTTPS. CompleteFTP began as edtFTPD, which was released in 2004. It was a repackaged version of ProFTPD (Cygwin version) with a graphical front-end running on the .NET Framework. In November 2007, the name was changed to CompleteFTP (version 0.5) and the back-end was replaced by a proprietary FTP/FTPS engine. The original edtFTPD administrator GUI was retained in this version. This version was also free. CompleteFTP version 1.0 was released in October 2008 under a commercial license. It introduced a new GUI as well",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11433085",
"chunk_text": "\"Financial Information eXchange\"\nfields and one optional field: 8 (codice_1), 9 (codice_2), 35 (codice_3), 49 (codice_7), 56 (codice_8) and 1128 (codice_9 - if present must be in 6th position). The content in the body of the message is specified by (tag 35, codice_3) message type defined in the header . The last field of the message is tag 10, FIX Message Checksum. It is always expressed as a three-digit number (e.g. codice_11). Header+Body+Trailer : FIX Content Example of a FIX message : Execution Report (Pipe character is used to represent SOH character) In the above FIXMessage Body length 9 is correct and checksum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11864840",
"chunk_text": "\"TXT record\"\nTXT record A TXT record (short for text record) is a type of resource record in the Domain Name System (DNS) used to provide the ability to associate arbitrary text with a host or other name, such as human readable information about a server, network, data center, or other accounting information. It is also often now used in a more structured fashion to record small amounts of machine-readable data into the DNS. A domain may have multiple TXT records associated with it, provided the DNS server implementation supports this. Each record can in turn have one or more character strings.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687241",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\n\"\"on the wire\"\", so may be vulnerable to a network sniffing attack. If the information provided by the client is accepted by the server, the server will send a greeting to the client and the session will commence. If the server supports it, users may log in without providing login credentials, but the same server may authorize only limited access for such sessions. A host that provides an FTP service may provide anonymous FTP access. Users typically log into the service with an 'anonymous' (lower-case and case-sensitive in some FTP servers) account when prompted for user name. Although users are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10321594",
"chunk_text": "\"Formal Public Identifier\"\nFPI in the document type declaration above reads codice_1 Increasingly, specifications use URIs rather than FPIs to handle the task of unique identification. For example, XML namespace names are URIs. A Uniform Resource Name (URN) namespace has been defined to allow any FPI to be rewritten as a URI, replacing double slashes with colons. The earlier example may be written as the following URI: Formal Public Identifier A Formal Public Identifier (FPI) is a short piece of specially formatted text that may be used to uniquely identify a product, specification or document. One of their most common uses is as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5560463",
"chunk_text": "\"Plain text\"\nsymbols, etc. Text is considered plain-text regardless of its encoding. To properly understand or process it the recipient must know (or be able to figure out) what encoding was used; however, they need not know anything about the computer architecture that was used, or about the binary structures defined by whatever program (if any) created the data. Perhaps the most common way of explicitly stating the specific encoding of plain text is with a MIME type. For email and http, the default MIME type is \"\"text/plain\"\" -- plain text without markup. Another MIME type often used in both email and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12386121",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nerror or incomplete reply: The second digit defines the kind of error: The third digit of the reply code is used to provide additional detail for each of the categories defined by the second digit. Some popular open source and commercial FTP server implementations are: File Transfer Protocol The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8451102",
"chunk_text": "Email\ndefined below. SMTP defines the \"\"trace information\"\" of a message, which is also saved in the header using the following two fields: Other fields that are added on top of the header by the receiving server may be called \"\"trace fields\"\", in a broader sense. Internet email was originally designed for 7-bit ASCII. Most email software is 8-bit clean but must assume it will communicate with 7-bit servers and mail readers. The MIME standard introduced character set specifiers and two content transfer encodings to enable transmission of non-ASCII data: quoted printable for mostly 7-bit content with a few characters outside",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4935334",
"chunk_text": "FireFTP\nFireFTP FireFTP is a free, open-source, cross-platform FTP client for Mozilla Firefox in the form of an add-on. It supports FTP, FTPS, and SFTP. FireFTP is charityware and runs on platforms that Firefox supports. FireFTP's layout is similar to that of WS FTP. It is no longer compatible with Firefox 57 (Quantum) and later, and the authors recommend using Waterfox instead of Firefox. FireFTP is activated from the Tools menu, opening a two-pane view within a Firefox window. The pane on the left-hand side shows the local file system, a tree of directories and a list of files in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687237",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nor replaced with SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP). The first FTP client applications were command-line programs developed before operating systems had graphical user interfaces, and are still shipped with most Windows, Unix, and Linux operating systems. Many FTP clients and automation utilities have since been developed for desktops, servers, mobile devices, and hardware, and FTP has been incorporated into productivity applications, such as HTML editors. The original specification for the File Transfer Protocol was written by Abhay Bhushan and published as on 16 April 1971. Until 1980, FTP ran on NCP, the predecessor of TCP/IP. The protocol was later replaced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8609433",
"chunk_text": "\"Hypertext Transfer Protocol\"\nby a line feed character). The empty line must consist of only <CR><LF> and no other whitespace. In the HTTP/1.1 protocol, all header fields except \"\"Host\"\" are optional. A request line containing only the path name is accepted by servers to maintain compatibility with HTTP clients before the HTTP/1.0 specification in . The response message consists of the following: The status line and other header fields must all end with <CR><LF>. The empty line must consist of only <CR><LF> and no other whitespace. This strict requirement for <CR><LF> is relaxed somewhat within message bodies for consistent use of other system",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12369026",
"chunk_text": "\"Text file\"\nadditional, more specific UTIs are: \"\"public.utf8-plain-text\"\" for utf-8-encoded text, \"\"public.utf16-external-plain-text\"\" and \"\"public.utf16-plain-text\"\" for utf-16-encoded text and \"\"com.apple.traditional-mac-plain-text\"\" for classic Mac OS text files. When opened by a text editor, human-readable content is presented to the user. This often consists of the file's plain text visible to the user. Depending on the application, control codes may be rendered either as literal instructions acted upon by the editor, or as visible escape characters that can be edited as plain text. Though there may be plain text in a text file, control characters within the file (especially the end-of-file character) can render the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1913750",
"chunk_text": "\"I-net Crystal-Clear\"\nor Apache (via PHP). Features can be added using the public API, or by adding custom JavaBeans which can be added to reports. User defined functions (UDF) extend the formula features of the embedded formula calculation routines. I-net Crystal-Clear i-net Clear Reports (formerly known as i-net Crystal-Clear) is a Java-based cross-platform reporting application providing a report designer and a server component to create reports in numerous output formats like PDF, HTML, PS, RTF, XLS, TXT, CSV, SVG, XML, as well as being viewable in a Java applet or Swing component. Application programmers can integrate i-net Clear Reports using the public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11340097",
"chunk_text": "FTPS\nthe application layer wrapper, Secure Sockets Layer. This protocol enabled applications to communicate across a network in a private and secure fashion, discouraging eavesdropping, tampering, and message forgery. While it could add security to any protocol that uses reliable connections, such as TCP, it was most commonly used by Netscape with HTTP to form HTTPS. The SSL protocol was eventually applied to FTP, with a draft Request for Comments (RFC) published in late 1996. An official IANA port was registered shortly thereafter. However, the RFC was not finalized until 2005. Two separate methods were developed to invoke client security for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4606326",
"chunk_text": "\"Shared resource\"\na local area network (LAN) service, while FTP is an Internet service. Shared file access is transparent to the user, as if it was a resource in the local file system, and supports a multi-user environment. This includes concurrency control or locking of a remote file while a user is editing it, and file system permissions. Shared file access involves but should not be confused with file synchronization and other information synchronization. Internet-based information synchronization may, for example, use the SyncML language. Shared file access is based on server side pushing of folder information, and is normally used over an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6364535",
"chunk_text": "\"Email authentication\"\nis a necessary first step towards identifying the origin of messages, and thereby making policies and laws more enforceable. SMTP defines message \"\"transport\"\", not the message \"\"content\"\". Thus, it defines the mail \"\"envelope\"\" and its parameters, such as the envelope sender, but not the header (except \"\"trace information\"\") nor the body of the message itself. STD 10 and define SMTP (the envelope), while STD 11 and define the message (header and body), formally referred to as the Internet Message Format. SMTP defines the \"\"trace information\"\" of a message, which is saved in the header using the following two fields: A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14729492",
"chunk_text": "ClearType\nClearType ClearType is Microsoft's implementation of subpixel rendering technology in rendering text in a font system. ClearType attempts to improve the appearance of text on certain types of computer display screens by sacrificing color fidelity for additional intensity variation. This trade-off is asserted to work well on LCD flat panel monitors. ClearType was first announced at the November 1998 COMDEX exhibition. The technology was first introduced in software in January 2000 as an always-on feature of Microsoft Reader, which was released to the public in August 2000. ClearType was significantly changed with the introduction of DirectWrite in Windows 7. Word",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13446825",
"chunk_text": "\"Signature block\"\nSignature block A signature block (often abbreviated as signature, sig block, sig file, .sig, dot sig, siggy, or just sig) is a block of text automatically appended at the bottom of an email message, Usenet article, or forum post. An email signature is a block of text appended to the end of an email message often containing the sender's name, address, phone number, disclaimer or other contact information. \"\"Traditional\"\" internet cultural .sig practices assume the use of monospaced ASCII text because they pre-date MIME and the use of HTML in email. In this tradition, it is common practice for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13687251",
"chunk_text": "\"File Transfer Protocol\"\nFTP standard that allows clients to request FTP sessions to be encrypted. This is done by sending the \"\"AUTH TLS\"\" command. The server has the option of allowing or denying connections that do not request TLS. This protocol extension is defined in . Implicit FTPS is an outdated standard for FTP that required the use of a SSL or TLS connection. It was specified to use different ports than plain FTP. The SSH file transfer protocol (chronologically the second of the two protocols abbreviated SFTP) transfers files and has a similar command set for users, but uses the Secure Shell",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_477
|
what is the name of son of lord krishna?
|
n/a
|
[
"Pradyumna"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11691255",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nin Hinduism. Gitagovinda of Jayadeva considers Krishna to be the supreme lord while the ten incarnations are his forms. Swaminarayan, the founder of the Swaminarayan Sampraday, also worshipped Krishna as God himself. \"\"Greater Krishnaism\"\" corresponds to the second and dominant phase of Vaishnavism, revolving around the cults of the Vasudeva, Krishna, and Gopala of the late Vedic period. Today the faith has a significant following outside of India as well. The deity \"\"Krishna-Vasudeva\"\" (\"\"\"\" \"\"Krishna, the son of Vasudeva\"\") is historically one of the earliest forms of worship in Krishnaism and Vaishnavism. It is believed to be a significant tradition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730755",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nepithets, and titles that reflect his many associations and attributes. Among the most common names are \"\"Mohan\"\" \"\"enchanter\"\"; \"\"Govinda\"\" \"\"chief herdsman\"\", and \"\"Gopala\"\" \"\"Protector of the 'Go'\"\", which means \"\"Soul\"\" or \"\"the cows\"\". Some names for Krishna hold regional importance; \"\"Jagannatha\"\", found in Puri Hindu temple, is a popular incarnation in Odisha state and nearby regions of eastern India. Krishna is represented in the Indian traditions in many ways, but with some common features. His iconography typically depicts him with black, dark, or blue skin, like Vishnu. However, ancient and medieval reliefs and stone-based arts depict him in the natural",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13475168",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna in the Mahabharata\"\nof worship in Krishnaism and Vaishnavism. This tradition is considered separately to other traditions that led to amalgamation at a later stage of the historical development, that form the basis of current tradition of monotheistic religion of Krishna. Some early scholars would equate it with Bhagavatism, and the founder of this religious tradition is believed to be Krishna, who is the son of Vasudeva, thus his name is \"\"Vāsudeva\"\", and according to them his followers called themselves Bhagavatas and this religion had formed by the 2nd century BC (the time of Patanjali), or as early as the 4th century BC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1555283",
"chunk_text": "Hanuman\nHanuman Hanuman (; IAST: \"\"Hanumān\"\", Sanskrit: हनुमान्) is an ardent devotee of Lord Rama and one of the central characters in the various versions of the epic \"\"Ramayana\"\" found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. As one of the Chiranjivi, he is also mentioned in several other texts, such as the \"\"Mahabharata\"\", the various Puranas and some Jain, Buddhist, (although scholar-Buddhists find no trace of the name in the Buddhist canon) and Sikh texts. Several later texts also present him as an incarnation of Shiva. Hanuman is the son of Anjana and Kesari and is also son of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730752",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\ncentral character in the \"\"Mahabharata\"\", the \"\"Bhagavata Purana\"\" and the \"\"Bhagavad Gita\"\", and is mentioned in many Hindu philosophical, theological, and mythological texts. They portray him in various perspectives: a god-child, a prankster, a model lover, a divine hero, and as the universal supreme being. His iconography reflects these legends, and shows him in different stages of his life, such as an infant eating butter, a young boy playing a flute, a young man with Radha or surrounded by women devotees, or a friendly charioteer giving counsel to Arjuna. The synonyms of Krishna have been traced to 1stmillenniumBCE literature. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10015529",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Upanishad\"\nKrishna Upanishad Krishna Upanishad () or Krishnopanishad is one of 108 Upanishads of Hinduism, written in Sanskrit language. It is a minor Upanishad, dedicated to the god Krishna, and belongs to the Vaishnava sect. The \"\"Krishna Upanishad\"\" is attached to the \"\"Atharvaveda\"\". The Upanishad is a symbolic mythology, and narrates how the god Rama (avatar of Vishnu) took birth as Krishna and how various divinities and virtues became people or objects in Krishna's life. The date or author of \"\"Krishna Upanishad\"\" is unknown. It is likely a late medieval era text. Manuscripts of this text are also found titled as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20375209",
"chunk_text": "\"Samba (Krishna's son)\"\nSamba (Krishna's son) Samba ( \"\"\"\") was a son of Krishna, the Hindu god, and Jambavati. His half-brother was Pradyumna. His actions, caused by anger, brought an end to the Yadu dynasty. In the 1st century BC, there seems to be evidence for a worship of five Vrishni heroes (Balarama, Krishna, Pradyumna, Aniruddha and Samba), due to an inscription found at Mora near Mathura, which apparently mentions a son of the great \"\"satrap\"\" Rajuvula, probably the \"\"satrap\"\" Sodasa, and an image of Vrishni, \"\"probably Vasudeva, and of the \"\"Five Warriors\"\". The Brahmi inscription can be seen on the Mora stone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730751",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nKrishna Krishna (, ; ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of the god Vishnu and also as the supreme God in his own right. He is the god of compassion, tenderness, and love in Hinduism, and is one of the most popular and widely revered among Indian divinities. Krishna's birthday is celebrated every year by Hindus on Janmashtami according to the lunisolar Hindu calendar, which falls in late August or early September of the Gregorian calendar. The anecdotes and narratives of Krishna's life are generally titled as \"\"Krishna Leela\"\". He is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15021610",
"chunk_text": "Pradyumna\nPradyumna Pradyumna () is the name of a character in the Srimad Bhagavatam. He was the son of Lord Krishna and Radha, later given him to Rukmini as per her demand. Pradyumna is considered as one of the four vyuha avatars of Vishnu. According to some accounts, Pradyumna was an incarnation of Kamadeva, the god of love. Pradyumna is also a name of the Hindu god Vishnu, being referred to as Vishnu Ankar Gupta. He is one in 24 Keshava Namas (names), praised in all pujas. It is also the only name in Sanskrit with all the 3 letters joint",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12152907",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna in the Mahabharata\"\nhis conquest of various kingdoms. He defeated the king Naraka of Pragjyotisha the modern day Guwahati, in Assam state of India. He was known as Bhumiputra (the son of the Earth) belonging to the Bhauma clan of kings. His kingdom was called Kamarupa. He also conquered Bana or Vana of Shonitapura (Shonitpur of Assam), to the east of Pragjyotisha. However they became allies, as Krishna's grandson Aniruddha married Usha, the daughter of Bana. He belonged to the Daitya clan of Asuras. In (Mahabharata, Book 5, Chapter 62), Krishna is described as the slayer of Vana and Bhumi's son (Naraka) (Mahabharata,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12442562",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Vasudeva\"\nfounder of this religious tradition is believed to be Krishna, who is the son of Vasudeva, thus his name is \"\"Vāsudeva\"\". Historically, he is believed to be part of the Satvata tribe, and according to them his followers called themselves Bhagavatas. This religion formed between the 4th century BC and the 2nd century BC (the time of Patanjali), according to evidence in Megasthenes and in the \"\"Arthashastra\"\" of Kautilya, when \"\"Vāsudeva\"\" was worshiped as supreme Deity in a strongly monotheistic format, where the supreme Being was perfect, eternal and full of grace. In many sources outside of the cult, devotee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20375220",
"chunk_text": "\"Samba (Krishna's son)\"\nvisible left foot for that of a deer, and shot an arrow, wounding him mortally resulting departure of Krishna from the earth. Notes Bibliography Samba (Krishna's son) Samba ( \"\"\"\") was a son of Krishna, the Hindu god, and Jambavati. His half-brother was Pradyumna. His actions, caused by anger, brought an end to the Yadu dynasty. In the 1st century BC, there seems to be evidence for a worship of five Vrishni heroes (Balarama, Krishna, Pradyumna, Aniruddha and Samba), due to an inscription found at Mora near Mathura, which apparently mentions a son of the great \"\"satrap\"\" Rajuvula, probably the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730754",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nspread to the Western world and to Africa, largely due to the work of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). The name \"\"Krishna\"\" originates from the Sanskrit word \"\"\"\", which is primarily an adjective meaning \"\"black\"\", \"\"dark\"\", or \"\"dark blue\"\". The waning moon is called Krishna Paksha, relating to the adjective meaning \"\"darkening\"\". The name is also interpreted sometimes as \"\"all-attractive\"\". As a name of Vishnu, Krishna is listed as the 57th name in the \"\"Vishnu Sahasranama\"\". Based on his name, Krishna is often depicted in idols as black- or blue-skinned. Krishna is also known by various other names,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19714192",
"chunk_text": "Govinda\nGovinda ' and ' (Sanskrit/Hindi: / and ) (also known as ) are the names of Vishnu which mean \"\"The finder of Veda\"\" & \"\"Protector of Veda\"\" as 'Go' means Veda, Cow and also senses. So Govinda, Gopala means \"\"Cowherd\"\" or \"\"Protector of Cows\"\", or one who gives pleasure to senses. These names are also popularly addressed to Krishna, referring to his youthful activity as a cowherd boy. This name appears as the 187th and the 539th name of Lord Vishnu in Vishnu Sahasranama. Lord Vishnu or his complete incarnation Krishna are regarded as the Supreme God in the Vaishnava",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12442563",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Vasudeva\"\nor bhakta is defined as \"\"Vāsudevaka\"\". The \"\"Harivamsa\"\" describes intricate relationships between Krishna Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha that would later form a Vaishnava concept of primary quadrupled expansion, or \"\"chatur vyuha\"\". Krishna Vasudeva The cult of Krishna Vāsudeva (IAST \"\"Krishna, son of Vasudeva\"\") is historically one of the earliest forms of worship in Krishnaism and Vaishnavism. It is believed to be a significant tradition of the early history of the worship of Krishna in antiquity. This tradition is considered separately to other traditions that led to amalgamation at a later stage of the historical development. Other traditions are Bhagavatism",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11691256",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nof the early history of Krishna religion in antiquity. Thereafter, there was an amalgamation of various similar traditions. These include ancient Bhagavatism, the cult of Gopala, of \"\"Krishna Govinda\"\" (cow-finding Krishna), of Balakrishna (baby Krishna) and of \"\"Krishna Gopivallabha\"\" (Krishna the lover). According to Andre Couture, the Harivamsa contributed to the synthesis of various characters as aspects of Krishna. The use of the term bhakti, meaning devotion, is not confined to any one deity. However, Krishna is an important and popular focus of the devotionalism tradition within Hinduism, particularly among the Vaishnava sects. Devotees of Krishna subscribe to the concept",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730760",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\non the battlefield. The \"\"Harivamsa\"\", a later appendix to the \"\"Mahabharata\"\" contains a detailed version of Krishna's childhood and youth. The \"\"Chandogya Upanishad\"\", estimated to have been composed sometime between the 8th and 6thcenturiesBCE, has been another source of speculation regarding Krishna in ancient India. The verse (III.xvii.6) mentions Krishna in \"\"\"\"Krishnaya Devakiputraya\"\"\"\" (Sanskrit: कृष्णाय देवकीपुत्राय) as a student of the sage \"\"Ghora\"\" of the \"\"Angirasa\"\" family. This phrase, which means \"\"To Krishna the son of Devaki\"\", has been mentioned by scholars such as Max Müller as a potential source of fables and Vedic lore about Krishna in the \"\"Mahabharata\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730804",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nteacher for humanity along with Buddha. Krishna was canonised by Aleister Crowley and is recognised as a saint of Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica in the Gnostic Mass of Ordo Templi Orientis. Krishna Krishna (, ; ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of the god Vishnu and also as the supreme God in his own right. He is the god of compassion, tenderness, and love in Hinduism, and is one of the most popular and widely revered among Indian divinities. Krishna's birthday is celebrated every year by Hindus on Janmashtami according to the lunisolar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11691236",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nto between 125 and 100BCE, and traced to an Indo-Greek who served as an ambassador of the Greek king Antialcidas to a regional Indian king. Named after the Indo-Greek, it is now known as the Heliodorus pillar. Its inscription is a dedication to \"\"Vasudeva\"\", another name for Krishna in the Indian tradition. Scholars consider the \"\"Vasudeva\"\" to be referring to a deity, because the inscription states that it was constructed by \"\"the \"\"Bhagavata\"\" Heliodorus\"\" and that it is a \"\"\"\"Garuda\"\" pillar\"\" (both are Vishnu-Krishna-related terms). Additionally, the inscription includes a Krishna-related verse from chapter11.7 of the \"\"Mahabharata\"\" stating that the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5571572",
"chunk_text": "Shrinathji\nShrinathji Shrinathji is a form of Hindu god Krishna, manifest as a seven-year-old child (\"\"Balak\"\"). The principal shrine of Shrinathji is situated at the temple town of Nathdwara, located 48 kilometres north-east of Udaipur city in Rajasthan. Shrinathji is the central presiding deity of the Vaishnava sect known as the Pushti Marg (The way of grace) or the Vallabh Sampradaya or Shuddhadvaita, established by Vallabhacharya. Shrinathji is worshipped mainly by the followers of Bhakti Yoga and the Vaishnava in Gujarat and Rajasthan and Bhatia's and among others. Vitthal Nathji, son of Vallabhacharya institutionalised the worship of Shrinathji at Nathdwara. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12442561",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Vasudeva\"\nKrishna Vasudeva The cult of Krishna Vāsudeva (IAST \"\"Krishna, son of Vasudeva\"\") is historically one of the earliest forms of worship in Krishnaism and Vaishnavism. It is believed to be a significant tradition of the early history of the worship of Krishna in antiquity. This tradition is considered separately to other traditions that led to amalgamation at a later stage of the historical development. Other traditions are Bhagavatism and the Cult of Gopala, that along with the Cult of Bala-Krishna, form the basis of current tradition of monotheistic religion of Krishna. Some early scholars equate it with Bhagavatism, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13563510",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nKṛṣṇacaritas). In \"\"Krishna Charitas\"\", Krishna is born to Devaki and her husband, King Vasudeva of the Yadava clan in Mathura. Devaki's brother is a tyrant named Kamsa. At Devaki's wedding, according to Puranic legends, Kamsa is told by fortune tellers that a child of Devaki would kill him. Kamsa arranges to kill all of Devaki's children. When Krishna is born, Vasudeva secretly carries the infant Krishna away across the Yamuna and exchanges him. When Kamsa tries to kill the newborn, the exchanged baby appears as the Hindu goddess Durga, warning him that his death has arrived in his kingdom, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13630569",
"chunk_text": "Prabhu\nPrabhu Prabhu means master or the Prince in Sanskrit and many of the Indian languages; it is a name sometimes applied to God. The term is also used by male devotees of the Hindu God Lord Krishna/Vishnu as a title and form of address. If a man sees another male devotee whom he does not know, he will address him as \"\"Prabhu\"\". It is also appended after a devotee's name, for example \"\"Madhava Prabhu\"\". In Indonesia, especially in Balinese, Javanese, and Sundanese culture, the term \"\"Prabu\"\" is used as a part of royal titles, especially to address Kings such as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13475147",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna in the Mahabharata\"\nKrishna in the Mahabharata Within the Indian epic Mahabharata, Krishna was the son of the Yadava chief Vasudeva and his wife Devaki. Hence he was known as Vasudeva Krishna or Vaasudeva. Krishna was the key political figure in overthrowing Kansa, the king of Surasena Kingdom. The kingdom of Surasena was the native kingdom of Yadava clans constituted by the Andhakas, Vrishnis and Bhojas. By overthrowing Kansa, Krishna re-established the old king Ugrasena on the throne and stabilized the kingdom from collapse due to factional fighting within the kingdom. The next threat came from outside the country, from the Magadha Kingdom.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17155060",
"chunk_text": "Govinda\nChild Krishna), and the original cult of Krishna-Vasudeva which may date back to several centuries before the Common Era. \"\"Govinda\"\" is a name of Krishna and also appears as the 187th and 539th name of Vishnu in the Vishnu Sahasranama, the 1000 names of Vishnu. According to Adi Sankara's commentary on the Vishnu Sahasranama, translated by Swami Tapasyananda, Govinda has four meanings: Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, in his commentary on the Bhagavad-Gita, states that Govinda means \"\"master of the senses\"\". In the Mahabharata, when Draupadi's saree was stripped by Dushasana in the court of Hastinapura, it is said that Draupadi prayed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12442612",
"chunk_text": "\"Gopal (Krishna)\"\nGopal (Krishna) Gopal ( \"\"Gopāla\"\", literally \"\"cow protector\"\") is the infant/child form of Lord Krishna, the Cowherd Boy who enchanted the Cowherd Maidens (Gopinis) with the divine sound of his flute, attracting even Kāmadeva (the Hindu god of love and passion). Historically one of the earliest forms of worship in Krishnaism or Vaishnava dharma, it is believed to be a key element of the early history of the worship of Krishna. This tradition is considered separately to other traditions that led to amalgamation at a later stage of historical development. Other traditions are Bhagavatism and the Cult of Bala Krishna,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2849475",
"chunk_text": "Rama\nnamed Rama is also known by other names. He is called \"\"Ramachandra\"\" (beautiful, lovely moon), or \"\"Dasarathi\"\" (son of Dasaratha), or \"\"Raghava\"\" (descendant of Raghu, solar dynasty in Hindu cosmology). Additional names of Rama include Ramavijaya (Javanese), Phreah Ream (Khmer), Phra Ram (Lao and Thai), Megat Seri Rama (Malay), Raja Bantugan (Maranao), Ramudu (Telugu), Ramar (Tamil). In the \"\"Vishnu sahasranama\"\", Rama is the 394th name of Vishnu. In some Advaita Vedanta inspired texts, Rama connotes the metaphysical concept of Supreme Brahman who is the eternally blissful spiritual Self (Atman, soul) in whom yogis delight nondualistically. The root of the word",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3773574",
"chunk_text": "\"Baba Mohan Rama\"\nBaba Mohan Rama Baba Mohan Ram (Hindi: बाबा मोहन राम) or Baba Mohan Rama (Hindi: बाबा मोहन रामा)(or Babaji, Kali Kholi Ke Sardar, Maharaj ji, Guruji) (1500-1530 AD; V.S. 1409–1442) is a Hindu folk deity of Rajasthan, India. Baba stands for Lord Shiva, Mohan stands for Lord Krishna and Ram stands for Lord Rama making his Divine Name \"\"Baba Mohan Ram\"\" , He is an Indian spiritual master who is regarded by his devotees as a saint, a sadhu, a rishi, a fakir, a \"\"satguru\"\" and an incarnation (avatar) of Lord Krishna. He is attributed to be the creator, sustainer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11691240",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\nthen disappears, according to the legends in the Puranas. Krishna grows up with Nanda Baba and his wife Yasoda near modern-day Mathura. Two of Krishna's siblings also survive, namely Balarama and Subhadra, according to these legends. The day of birth of Krishna is celebrated as Krishna Janmashtami. The legends of Krishna's childhood and youth describe him as a cow herder, a mischievous boy whose pranks earns him the nickname a \"\"Makhan Chor\"\" (butter thief), and a protector who steals the hearts of the people in both Gokul and Vrindavana. The texts state, for example, that Krishna lifts the Govardhana hill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1555181",
"chunk_text": "Vasudeva\nVasudeva In the Bhagavad Purana, Vasudeva (Devanagari , IAST \"\") was the father of the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, Krishna, and his siblings Balarama and Subhadra. He was a Yadav Prince. He was the son of great Yadav king Shurasena. He was the brother of Nanda Baba, who took care of Krishna during his early years as a child. His sister Kunti was married to Pandu. Kunti plays a big role later in the war Mahabharata. The patronymic \"\" (with long \"\"ā\"\") is a popular name of Krishna. According to the Harivansa Purana, Vasudeva and Nanda were brothers. He was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12442613",
"chunk_text": "\"Gopal (Krishna)\"\nthat along with the Cult of Krishna-Vasudeva form the basis of the current tradition of the monotheistic religion of Krishna. Gopal (Krishna) Gopal ( \"\"Gopāla\"\", literally \"\"cow protector\"\") is the infant/child form of Lord Krishna, the Cowherd Boy who enchanted the Cowherd Maidens (Gopinis) with the divine sound of his flute, attracting even Kāmadeva (the Hindu god of love and passion). Historically one of the earliest forms of worship in Krishnaism or Vaishnava dharma, it is believed to be a key element of the early history of the worship of Krishna. This tradition is considered separately to other traditions that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20375211",
"chunk_text": "\"Samba (Krishna's son)\"\nin various postures; once holding a skull and a rod, then standing on one leg only in the next month and surviving on water only, during the third month he did penance standing on his toes and living on air only. Pleased with the austerities, Shiva finally appeared before Krishna as Samba, (Ardhanarishvara) the half-female, half-male form of the god, asked him to ask a boon. Krishna then sought a son from Jambavati, which was granted. A son was born soon thereafter who was named as Samba, the form Shiva had appeared before Krishna. Krishna wanted his son to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5730757",
"chunk_text": "Krishna\noften making music or playing pranks. In other icons, he is a part of battlefield scenes of the epic \"\"Mahabharata\"\". He is shown as a charioteer, notably when he is addressing the Pandava prince Arjuna character, symbolically reflecting the events that led to the \"\"Bhagavad Gita\"\"a scripture of Hinduism. In these popular depictions, Krishna appears in the front as the charioteer, either as a counsel listening to Arjuna, or as the driver of the chariot while Arjuna aims his arrows in the battlefield of Kurukshetra. Alternate icons of Krishna show him as a baby (\"\"Bala Krishna\"\", the child Krishna), a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16211268",
"chunk_text": "Parashara\nblessed her with a son, Krishna Dvaipāyana, who was dark-complexioned and hence may be called by the name Krishna (black), and also the name Dwaipayana, meaning 'island-born'. He later compiled the classic Vedic literatures of India, and so is called Vyasa who is the 17th incarnations of Lord Vishnu. Parashara granted her the boon that the finest fragrance may emit from her person. She was thereafter known as Satyavati (pure fragrance). Leaving Satyavati in the care of Vyasa, Parashara proceeded to perform Tapas (intense meditation). Later Vyasa also became a Rishi and Satyavati returned to her father's house, and in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20003796",
"chunk_text": "Nalakuvara\nmythology of Nalakūvara and the child-god Krishna (Bala Krishna). Nezha is a well-known Taoist deity in Japan. The Japanese refer to Nezha as Nataku or Nata, which came from the readings of Xiyouji or Seiyuki (西遊記) in Japanese. Nalakuvara Nalakūvara, also known as Nalakūbara, appears in Hindu and Buddhist mythology as the brother of Maṇigrīva (also known as Manibhadra), the son of the yaksha king Kubera (also known as Vaiśravaṇa) and husband of Rambha. Nalakūvara often appears as a sexual trickster figure in Hindu and Buddhist literature. Various Sanskrit and Prakrit texts give the name “Nalakūvara,” “Nalakūvala,” “Narakuvera,” and “Naṭakuvera”",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15021619",
"chunk_text": "Pradyumna\nversion of the story of Pradyumna is mentioned in the \"\"Pradyumna-charitra\"\" (poem in 18 canons) of Rajchandra, written in 1618 AD. Pradyumna Pradyumna () is the name of a character in the Srimad Bhagavatam. He was the son of Lord Krishna and Radha, later given him to Rukmini as per her demand. Pradyumna is considered as one of the four vyuha avatars of Vishnu. According to some accounts, Pradyumna was an incarnation of Kamadeva, the god of love. Pradyumna is also a name of the Hindu god Vishnu, being referred to as Vishnu Ankar Gupta. He is one in 24",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9496048",
"chunk_text": "Aniruddha\nAniruddha Aniruddha or Anirudh ( \"\"\"\"), meaning \"\"uncontrolled\"\", \"\"unrestrained\"\" or \"\"without obstacles\"\", was the son of Pradyumna and the grandson of Krishna. He is said to have been very much like his grandfather, to the extent that he may be a \"\"jana avatar\"\", avatar of Vishnu. The four are considered to be vishnu-tattva or Vishnu's plenary expansions. Aniruddha is present in every soul as Supersoul. A Daitya princess named Usha, daughter of Bana, fell in love with Aniruddha and had him brought by magic influence to her apartments in her father's city of Sonitpura in Assam. However, according to some",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5045690",
"chunk_text": "Rama\nRama Rama or Ram (; Sanskrit: राम, IAST: \"\"Rāma\"\"), also known as Ramachandra, is the name of \"\"Shuddh Brahm\"\" who took avatar in Treta Yuga. He is the seventh avatar of the god Vishnu, one of his most popular incarnations along with Krishna and Gautama Buddha. In Rama-centric traditions of Hinduism, he is considered the Supreme Being. Rama was born to Kaushalya and Dasharatha in Ayodhya, the ruler of the Kingdom of Kosala. His siblings included Lakshmana, Bharata, and Shatrughna. He married Sita. Though born in a royal family, their life is described in the Hindu texts as one challenged",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13475169",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna in the Mahabharata\"\naccording to evidence of Pāṇini and that of Megasthenes and in the Arthashastra of Kautilya, when \"\"Vāsudeva\"\" was worshiped as supreme Deity in a strongly monotheistic format, where the supreme Being was perfect, eternal and full of grace. In many sources outside of the cult, devotee or bhakta is defined as \"\"Vāsudevaka\"\". Harivamsa, a later addition to Mahabharata as well as Bhagavata purana speak about his childhood in the village of Vrindavana, where Krishna passed his childhood and teenage days. Krishna in the Mahabharata Within the Indian epic Mahabharata, Krishna was the son of the Yadava chief Vasudeva and his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177912",
"chunk_text": "Ajamila\nof Lord Yama (one who is incharge of ending lives when they are supposed to be), when they arrived to take out his soul.He was so into his family, that even in his death bed, he called out to his son, whose name was Narayana, instead of praying the God. Narayana is another name of Lord Krishna]. Lord Krishna appeared at that instant and took Ajamila with him, cleansing him off his sins in his life. Although Ajamila didn't devote his life for prayer, he was purified from all his sins because at the last moment he chanted the holy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2275535",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Janmashtami\"\ngifts to the community in honour of the birth. Krishna was the son of Devaki and Vasudeva and his birthday is celebrated by Hindus as Janmashtami, particularly those of the Vaishnavism tradition as he is considered the eighth avatar of Vishnu. Janmashtami is celebrated when Krishna is believed to have been born according to Hindu tradition, which is in Mathura, at midnight on the eighth day of Bhadrapada month (overlaps with August and 3 September in the Gregorian calendar). Krishna was born in an era of chaos, persecution was rampant, freedoms were denied, evil was everywhere, and when there was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20375417",
"chunk_text": "\"Main Krishna Hoon\"\nway he was found parallels the legend of how the god Lord Krishna came to live with his adopted parents as a baby. Orphan Krishna (Namit Shah) lives happily in the orphanage with Kanta and Nattu and the other foundling children. But over the years, as one by one his other friends are adopted out to families but he remains, young Krishna comes to believe that he is unadoptable, unwanted, and will never find a family. In despair, all alone one night he goes to a temple and prays to Lord Krishna. This is the story of how Lord Krishna",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1171718",
"chunk_text": "Nara-Narayana\nNara-Narayana Nara-Narayana (; nara-nārāyaṇa) is a Hindu deity pair. Nara-Narayana is the twin-brother avatar of the God Vishnu on earth, working for the preservation of dharma or righteousness. In the concept of Nara-Narayana, the human soul Nara is the eternal companion of the Divine Narayana. The Hindu epic \"\"Mahabharata\"\" identifies the God Krishna (an avatar of Vishnu) with Narayana and Arjuna - the chief hero of the epic - with Nara. The legend of Nara-Narayana is also told in the scripture \"\"Bhagavata Purana\"\". Hindus believe that the pair dwells at Badrinath, where their most important temple stands. The Nara-Narayana pair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1768886",
"chunk_text": "\"Bala Krishna\"\nBala Krishna Bala Krishna ( \"\"\"\", literally \"\"child Krishna\"\") sometimes translated to \"\"\"\"Divine Child Krishna\"\"\"\", is historically one of the early forms of worship in Krishnaism and an element of the history of Krishna worship in antiquity. This tradition is considered as a part of the number of other traditions that led to amalgamation in a later stage of the historical development and culminate in worship of Radha Krishna as Svayam bhagavan. Other monotheist traditions are Bhagavatism and Cult of Gopala, that along with Cult of Krishna-Vasudeva form the basis of the current tradition of the monotheistic Krishna religion. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8747927",
"chunk_text": "\"Roll No 21\"\nbut secretly changes into Krishna, the divine boy with mystical powers whenever it is needed. He shows childish traits such as playing, disliking studies and homework and enjoying playtime with his friends.Like Lord Krishna, Kris also likes Butter. His skin colour is blue (like Lord Krishna) in this series. Kanishk: Kanishk is the incarnation of Kansa who is the principal of Mathura Anath Ashram. He initially came back on earth to take over the world but Krishna's appearance is 'delaying' his whole plan. He is king of demons of paataal-lok. In order to get rid of Kris, He keeps coming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10786125",
"chunk_text": "Kalanemi\nKalanemi Kalanemi is the name of a character in Hindu mythology. He was the son of the asura (demon) Hiranyaksha and brother of Andhaka. In this birth as Hiranyaksha's son, he was slain by Vishnu while his brother was killed by Indra. In one of his rebirths as per his karmic deeds, he was born as Kansa, son of Ugrasena the king of Mathura. His sister was Devaki and her son Krishna was an avatar of Vishnu. Krishna eventually killed Kansa in this birth. In the epic \"\"Ramayana\"\" Kalanemi was Maricha's son and minister of Ravana and was assigned to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5553222",
"chunk_text": "\"Nanda Baba\"\nKrishna derives his name \"\"Nandanandana\"\" (meaning son of Nanda) from him. Nandagopa was the father of the baby girl yogamaya which is an incarnation of goddess durga to save krishna from getting killed in the hands of kamsa he was also the adopted father of Lord Sri Krishna. He took care of his sister Rohini's son Balrama. Nanda, also identified as King Nanda in many scriptures was a kinsman and great friend of King Vasudeva. The fact that King Nanda and King Vasudeva were brothers is confirmed both by Bhagavat Purana, Book 10, and Mahabharata. According to \"\"Bhagavata Purana\"\", King",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3234337",
"chunk_text": "\"Vaṃsa\"\nmythical lineages are called \"\"Surya-vamsa\"\" and \"\"Chandra-vamsa\"\", solar (son-based) and lunar (daughter-based) lineages of kings, families and communities. The \"\"Harivamsa\"\" is the legendary genealogy and story of the Hindu god Krishna. It is found as an appendix to the \"\"Mahabharata\"\". The literature of Jainism includes \"\"Vamsa\"\" genre, such as its version of \"\"Harivamsa\"\". Vaṃsa Vaṃsa, alternatively spelled as Vamsa or Vamsha, is a Sanskrit word that means \"\"family, lineage\"\". It also refers to a genre of ancient and medieval literature in Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism. This genre focuses on genealogies. They resemble the conventional histories found in the European literature,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20375210",
"chunk_text": "\"Samba (Krishna's son)\"\nslab, now in the Mathura Museum. The \"\"Mahabharata\"\" and the \"\"Devi Bhagavata Purana\"\" narrate the story of the birth of Samba. Jambavati was unhappy when she realized that only she had not borne any children to Krishna while all other wives were blessed with many children. She approached Krishna to find a solution and to be blessed with a son like the handsome Pradyumna, Krishna's first-born son. Then Krishna went to the hermitage of the sage Upamanyu in the Himalayas and as advised by the sage, he started to pray to the god Shiva. He did penance for six months",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20308396",
"chunk_text": "\"Serukalathur Sama\"\nSerukalathur Sama Serukulathur Sama was a Tamil film actor who was primarily known for playing the role of the Hindu god Krishna in mythological films of the 1930s and 1940s. Born in the village Serukalathur in Thanjavur district to Mirasudar (Manager of own farm) Vaidyanadhaiyer, his birth name was Swaminathan. When he was 5 years old his mother died and the father re-married. So Swaminathan went to live with his uncle in Thanjavur. He learned Carnatic music along with academic studies. After passing the S. S. L. C. examination, he married and begot 3 children. He went to Madras in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_478
|
who is considered as architect of india constitution?
|
n/a
|
[
"B. R. Ambedkar"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126811",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nConstitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13104209",
"chunk_text": "\"B. R. Ambedkar\"\nB. R. Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards the untouchables (\"\"Dalits\"\"), while also supporting the rights of women and labour. He was independent India's first law and justice minister, the principal architect of the Constitution of India, and a founding father of the Republic of India. Ambedkar was a prolific student earning doctorates in economics from both Columbia University and the London School of Economics and gained a reputation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13104668",
"chunk_text": "\"B. R. Ambedkar\"\nnot been published yet, more than 30 volumes can be made from his unpublished writing literature. Primary sources B. R. Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards the untouchables (\"\"Dalits\"\"), while also supporting the rights of women and labour. He was independent India's first law and justice minister, the principal architect of the Constitution of India, and a founding father of the Republic of India. Ambedkar was a prolific student",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5449588",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nRaj Khanna wrote: Constitution of India The Constitution of India (IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect. It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12953739",
"chunk_text": "\"Chaitya Bhoomi\"\nChaitya Bhoomi Chaitya Bhoomi is a memorial to B. R. Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. Earlier known as Dadar Chowpatty, it began to be known as Chaitya Bhoomi after Ambedkar was cremated there after his death on 6 December 1956. Chaitya Bhoomi is a revered place of pilgrimage for all Ambedkarites and Buddhists in the World. The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, the Governor, the Minister and many other politicians pay tribute to Ambedkar every year on 6 December in Chaitya Bhoomi. Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India, has also visited. Chaitya Bhoomi hosts a memorial to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126815",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nassemblies. The 389-member assembly (reduced to 299 after the partition of India) took almost three years to draft the constitution holding eleven sessions over a 165-day period. B. R. Ambedkar, Sanjay Phakey, Jawaharlal Nehru, C. Rajagopalachari, Rajendra Prasad, Vallabhbhai Patel, Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Sandipkumar Patel, Abul Kalam Azad, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, Nalini Ranjan Ghosh, and Balwantrai Mehta were key figures in the assembly, which had over 30 representatives of the scheduled classes. Frank Anthony represented the Anglo-Indian community, and the Parsis were represented by H. P. Modi. Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, a Christian assembly vice-president, chaired the minorities",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16050545",
"chunk_text": "\"Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India\"\nAmendment changed the description of India from a \"\"sovereign democratic republic\"\" to a \"\"sovereign, socialist secular democratic republic\"\", and also changed the words \"\"unity of the nation\"\" to \"\"unity and integrity of the nation\"\". B. R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Constitution, was opposed to declaring India's social and economic structure in the Constitution. During the Constituent Assembly debates on framing the Constitution in 1946, K.T. Shah proposed an amendment seeking to declare India as a \"\"Secular, Federal, Socialist\"\" nation. In his opposition to the amendment, Ambedkar stated, \"\"My objections, stated briefly are two. In the first place the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12953741",
"chunk_text": "\"Chaitya Bhoomi\"\nof the Stupa of Sanchi while inside a replica of Ashoka Pillar is made. The Chaitya Bhoomi was inaugurated by Meerabai Yashvant Ambedkar, the daughter-in-law of B. R. Ambedkar, on 5 December 1971. Here, the relics of Ambedkar are enshrined. Ambedkar's death anniversary is observed as Mahaparinirvan Din. Lakhs of people across India throng Chaitya Bhoomi to pay homage to him. Chaitya Bhoomi Chaitya Bhoomi is a memorial to B. R. Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. Earlier known as Dadar Chowpatty, it began to be known as Chaitya Bhoomi after Ambedkar was cremated there after his death",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11159382",
"chunk_text": "\"Ambedkar Manimandapam, Chennai\"\nAmbedkar Manimandapam, Chennai Ambedkar Manimandapam is a memorial in the Adyar neighborhood of Chennai, India, dedicated to Bhimrao Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian Constitution. It is located in the Adyar estuary on Greenways Road in Mandhavelipakkam. In 1993, the Government of Tamil Nadu run by the AIADMK party decided to build a memorial and an auditorium for Ambedkar on of land identified in Adyar creek. The foundation stone was laid by the then Chief Minister, J. Jayalalitha, in April 1993. However, environmental groups in the city challenged the decision in court. In March 1994, permission was granted by Justice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17474393",
"chunk_text": "\"Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik\"\nfor more than 25 years everyday till the age of 93 from year 1973 after retirement from govt. service. He was rewarded in Pune in 2003 He died on 9 March 2009 at Pune Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik (Born 23 December 1913 - Death 9 March 2009) was an Indian architect, considered an important figure of South Asian architecture and noted for his contributions to the evolution of architectural discourse in India. He is known for his contributions to the architecture of Indian Parliament at Delhi. Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik was born in Parli Vaijnath, India. His father was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3578931",
"chunk_text": "\"Sayajirao Gaekwad III\"\npeople. He supported education and training of persons who in his opinion would shine in life. Those persons whom he patronised included Dr. Babasaheb Alies Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, the architect of Indian Constitution; Dadabhai Naoroji, who started his public life as the Dewan (Minister) to the Maharaja in 1874 and thereafter went on to become the first Asian Member of the British House of Commons where he made no secret of the fact that he would also be representing 250 million of his fellow subjects in India.He also sent his Agriculture Commissioner Chintaman Vishnu Sane to The United States of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11262391",
"chunk_text": "\"Jawaharlal Nehru\"\nwould be the normal constitutional procedure. Jawaharlal Nehru Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was a freedom fighter, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He is considered to be the architect of the modern Indian nation-state: a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. He was also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4222082",
"chunk_text": "Pimpri-Chinchwad\nLike most Indian cities, a number of festival are celebrated across all communities in the city including Ganeshotsav, Navaratri, Dussehra, Janmashtami,Dahi Handi and Onam Holi, Diwali, Eid al-fitr, Eid al-Adha, Christmas, Buddha Purnima, Cheti Chand, Chalio, and several others. The birth anniversary celebrations of historical figures like Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the founder of the Maratha Empire, and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, the principal architect of Indian Constitution, among others are also celebrated with great pomp and show. The national holidays of Republic Day and Independence Day are also celebrated. Individual towns also organize annual village fairs which are dedicated to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11065837",
"chunk_text": "\"Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer\"\nand joined the Madras Christian College to study history. Alladi used his spare time to attend classes in law and passed the B.L. exam and became one of the leading members of the bar. He was made a Dewan Bahadur in 1930 and was knighted in the 1932 New Year Honours List. He was married to Venkalakshmamma. He was the Advocate General of the Madras Presidency from 1929 to 1944. He played a major role in drafting the Constitution of India. The main architect of Indian Constitution, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who also chaired the constitution's drafting committee, credited Alladi's contribution:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17301666",
"chunk_text": "\"Gangadhar Pantawane\"\nGangadhar Pantawane Gangadhar Vithoba Pantawane (28 June 1937 – 27 March 2018) was an Indian Marathi language writer, reviewer and Ambedkarite thinker from the state of Maharashtra. He was the follower of B. R. Ambedkar, polymath and the father of the Indian Constitution. He is one of the pioneers of the dalit literary movement\"\" in Maharashtra. In 2008, he was elected president of the first Marathi Vishwa Sahitya Sammelan that was held in the United States. His pioneering journal, \"\"Asmitadarsh\"\", galvanised generations of Dalit writers and thinkers. In 2018, He was honored with the Padma Shri by the Government of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126816",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\ncommittee and represented non-Anglo-Indian Christians. Ari Bahadur Gurung represented the Gorkha community. Judges, such as Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer, Benegal Narsing Rau, K. M. Munshi and Ganesh Mavlankar were members of the assembly. Female members included Sarojini Naidu, Hansa Mehta, Durgabai Deshmukh, Amrit Kaur and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. The first, two-day president of the assembly was Sachchidananda Sinha; Rajendra Prasad was later elected president. It met for the first time on 9 December 1946. Benegal Narsing Rau, a civil servant who became the first Indian judge in the International Court of Justice and was president of the United Nations Security Council,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17474391",
"chunk_text": "\"Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik\"\nVaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik (Born 23 December 1913 - Death 9 March 2009) was an Indian architect, considered an important figure of South Asian architecture and noted for his contributions to the evolution of architectural discourse in India. He is known for his contributions to the architecture of Indian Parliament at Delhi. Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik was born in Parli Vaijnath, India. His father was working in postal and telegram department. His father had a transferable job and had service at many places in Maharashtra. Vaijnath Mohiniraj Pundlik studied his schooling at Pandharpur and Parbhani. At that time, Parbhani",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16923924",
"chunk_text": "\"Moturi Satyanarayana\"\nMoturi Satyanarayana Satyanarayana Moturi (2 February 1902 – 6 March 1995) was an Indian freedom fighter alongside Mohandas Gandhi until 1947 and then a member of the Constituent Assembly of India which drafted the Indian Constitution. He was a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House in the Indian government) until 1966. He was instrumental in making Hindi an official language in the Indian Constitution, while tolerating the other major Indian languages. He devoted his later life to helping spread Hindi in South India. Moturi was born in Dondapadu village in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh, India.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12034879",
"chunk_text": "\"Jawaharlal Nehru\"\nJawaharlal Nehru Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was a freedom fighter, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He is considered to be the architect of the modern Indian nation-state: a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18186935",
"chunk_text": "Sangharakshita\nturned their ongoing seminar on Buddhist theory and practice into a book, \"\"Buddhist Meditation, Systematic and Practical\"\". In 1952, Sangharakshita met Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956), the chief architect of the Indian constitution and India's first law minister. Ambedkar, who had been a so-called Untouchable, converted to Buddhism, along with 380,000 other Untouchables (now known as \"\"dalits\"\") on 14 October 1956. Ambedkar and Sangharakshita had been in correspondence since 1950, and the Indian politician had encouraged the young monk to expand his Buddhist activities. Ambedkar appreciated Sangharakshita's \"\"commitment to a more critically engaged Buddhism that did not at the same time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531102",
"chunk_text": "\"Vallabhbhai Patel\"\nand India's civil servants. Patel was a senior leader in the Constituent Assembly of India and was responsible in large measure for shaping India's constitution. He is also known as the \"\"Bismarck of India\"\". Patel was a key force behind the appointment of Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee, and the inclusion of leaders from a diverse political spectrum in the process of writing the constitution. Patel was the chairman of the committees responsible for minorities, tribal and excluded areas, fundamental rights, and provincial constitutions. Patel piloted a model constitution for the provinces in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20533811",
"chunk_text": "\"Mahendra Pal Singh\"\nMahendra Pal Singh Mahendra Pal Singh (born 15 July 1940), popularly known as M.P. Singh, is a renowned constitutional law scholar of India. He is best known amongst students of Constitution of India for being the revising author of \"\"V.N. Shukla's Constitution of India\"\" a standard textbook for lawyers on Constitution of India. Internationally however, he is more famous amongst scholars of comparative constitutional law and comparative administrative law for his work, \"\"German Administrative Law in Common Law Perspective\"\". Professor Singh was born in an ordinary farmer's family in a village called Jitholi in the district of Meerut in Uttar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11065840",
"chunk_text": "\"Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer\"\nNandita Haksar, Rama Devi and M. Jagannadha Rao. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer Dewan Bahadur Sir Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer (14 May 1883 – 3 October 1953) was an Indian lawyer and member of the Constituent Assembly of India, which was responsible for framing the Constitution of India. He also served as the Advocate General of Madras State from 1929 to 1944. Noted neuroscientist Vilayanur S. Ramachandran is the grandson of Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer was born in 1883 in the small village of Pudur in Madras State (present day Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh). His father, Ekamra Sastry, was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18284765",
"chunk_text": "\"Preamble to the Constitution of India\"\nIndia, the Supreme Court once again held that the Preamble is an integral part of the Constitution. As originally enacted the preamble described the state as a \"\"sovereign democratic republic\"\", to which the terms \"\"Secular\"\" and \"\"Socialist\"\" were later added by the 42nd Amendment. The preamble-page, along with other pages of the original Constitution of India, was designed and decorated by the renowned painter Beohar Rammanohar Sinha of Jabalpur who was at Shantiniketan with acharya Nandalal Bose at that time. Nandalal Bose endorsed Beohar Rammanohar Sinha's artwork without any alteration whatsoever. As such, the page bears Beohar Rammanohar Sinha's short",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8380486",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\npresident cannot promulgate ordinances under his legislative powers under . Deemed amendments to the constitution which can be passed under the legislative powers of parliament were invalidated by Article 368(1) in the Twenty-fourth Amendment. By July 2018, 124 amendment bills had been presented in Parliament; of these, 101 became Amendment Acts. Despite the supermajority requirement for amendments to pass, the Indian constitution is the world's most frequently-amended national governing document. The constitution is so specific in spelling out government powers that many amendments address issues dealt with by statute in other democracies. In 2000, the Justice Manepalli Narayana Rao Venkatachaliah",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16923931",
"chunk_text": "\"Moturi Satyanarayana\"\nits drafting was a major accomplishment. Moturi Satyanarayana Satyanarayana Moturi (2 February 1902 – 6 March 1995) was an Indian freedom fighter alongside Mohandas Gandhi until 1947 and then a member of the Constituent Assembly of India which drafted the Indian Constitution. He was a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House in the Indian government) until 1966. He was instrumental in making Hindi an official language in the Indian Constitution, while tolerating the other major Indian languages. He devoted his later life to helping spread Hindi in South India. Moturi was born in Dondapadu village in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20795396",
"chunk_text": "\"Beohar Rammanohar Sinha\"\nBeohar Rammanohar Sinha Beohar Rammanohar Sinha (15 June 1929 – 25 October 2007) was an Indian artist who is very well known for his illustrations in the original final manuscript of Constitution of India, including the complete Preamble-page, which was brought to fruition in 1949 as one of the most beautiful Constitution in the world in addition to being the most comprehensive one. He is also known as a cultural ambassador of India who disseminated Indian art in the Far East, and brought Oriental Art to India. His works are housed in numerous prestigious public and private collections throughout the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5449586",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nto Granville Austin, \"\"The Indian constitution is first and foremost a social document, and is aided by its Parts III & IV (Fundamental Rights & Directive Principles of State Policy, respectively) acting together, as its chief instruments and its conscience, in realising the goals set by it for all the people.\"\" The constitution has deliberately been worded in generalities (not in vague terms) to ensure its flexibility. John Marshall, the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, said that a constitution's \"\"great outlines should be marked, its important objects designated, and the minor ingredients which compose those objects be deduced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12808575",
"chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of India\"\noffices of the court. In all, there are 15 courtrooms in the various wings of the building. The foundation stone of the supreme court's building was laid on 29 October 1954 by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India. The main block of the building has been built on a triangular plot of 17 acres and has been designed in an Indo-British style by the chief architect Ganesh Bhikaji Deolalikar, the first Indian to head the Central Public Works Department. It has a high dome and a spacious colonnaded verandah. The court moved into the building in 1958. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18678013",
"chunk_text": "\"Beohar Rammanohar Sinha\"\nRammanohar's artworks have been exhibited in several countries. Though the list is not exhaustive, some of his exhibitions are listed below. Beohar Rammanohar Sinha Beohar Rammanohar Sinha (15 June 1929 – 25 October 2007) was an Indian artist who is very well known for his illustrations in the original final manuscript of Constitution of India, including the complete Preamble-page, which was brought to fruition in 1949 as one of the most beautiful Constitution in the world in addition to being the most comprehensive one. He is also known as a cultural ambassador of India who disseminated Indian art in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1465922",
"chunk_text": "\"Mahendra Pal Singh\"\nTheir three children are Sandhya, Shailendra and Swati. Mahendra Pal Singh Mahendra Pal Singh (born 15 July 1940), popularly known as M.P. Singh, is a renowned constitutional law scholar of India. He is best known amongst students of Constitution of India for being the revising author of \"\"V.N. Shukla's Constitution of India\"\" a standard textbook for lawyers on Constitution of India. Internationally however, he is more famous amongst scholars of comparative constitutional law and comparative administrative law for his work, \"\"German Administrative Law in Common Law Perspective\"\". Professor Singh was born in an ordinary farmer's family in a village called",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5449568",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nthe constitution, the assembly held eleven sessions in 165 days. On 26 November 1949 it adopted the constitution, which was signed by 284 members. The day is celebrated as National Law Day, or Constitution Day. The assembly's final session convened on 24 January 1950. Each member signed two copies of the constitution, one in Hindi and the other in English. The original constitution is hand-written, with each page decorated by artists from Shantiniketan including Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and Nandalal Bose. Its calligrapher was Prem Behari Narain Raizada. The constitution was published in Dehradun and photolithographed by the Survey of India.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6449468",
"chunk_text": "\"Bhagavad Gita\"\nChatterjee, the Krishna's religion of \"\"Gita\"\" is \"\"not so narrow-minded\"\". This argument, states Hacker, is an attempt to \"\"universalize Hinduism\"\". The \"\"Gita\"\" has been cited and criticized as a Hindu text that supports \"\"varna-dharma\"\" and the caste system. B. R. Ambedkar, born in a Dalit family and the principal architect of the Constitution of India, criticized the text for its stance on caste and for \"\"defending certain dogmas of religion on philosophical grounds\"\". According to Jimmy Klausen, Ambedkar in his essay \"\"Krishna and his Gita\"\" stated that the \"\"Gita\"\" was a \"\"tool\"\" of Brahmanical Hinduism and for its latter-day saints",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18207558",
"chunk_text": "Dadar\nMandir Sabhagruh, Shri Mahaveer Digambar Jain Mandir, Hanuman Mandir (outside Dadar east railway station), Peer Bagdadi Dargah and mosque, Portuguese church (Dadar west), St. Marys Orthodox Cathedral (first Malankara Orthodox Syrian church in Mumbai) and Indian Pentecostal church. Dadar is also home to Chaitya Bhoomi, memorial and place where B. R. Ambedkar, Chief architect of Indian Constitution was cremated. His death anniversary, 6 December, is observed as Mahaparinirvan Din when lakhs of people across the nation throng Chaityabhoomi to pay homage to him. Dadar boasts some of the most reputed schools and colleges in Mumbai. Antonio Da Silva High School",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20380369",
"chunk_text": "\"Krushna Chandra Gajapati\"\nKrushna Chandra Gajapati Krushna Chandra Gajapati (26 April 1892 – 25 May 1974), honorably known as Maharaja Sir Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayana Dev KCIE, was a key personality and regarded as the architect of an Independent united Odisha State. Sir Gajapati was a scion of the great Ganga Dynasty of Paralakhemundi, a Great Freedom Fighter, the first Prime Minister of Odisha and one of the founding fathers of the Indian Constitution, being a Member of the Constituent Assembly of India. The present-day Gajapati District of Odisha which was earlier a part of the historic Ganjam district was named after him.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15658336",
"chunk_text": "\"Jyotirao Phule\"\nThese include: Mahatma Phule inspired B. R. Ambedkar, the first minister of law of Republic India and the architect of Indian Constitution. Notes Citations Bibliography Jyotirao Phule Jotirao Govindrao Phule (11 April 1827 – 28 November 1890) was an Indian social activist, a thinker, anti-caste social reformer and a writer from Maharashtra. His work extended to many fields including eradication of untouchability and the caste system, women's emancipation and the reform of Hindu family life. On 24 September 1873, Phule, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for people from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "353921",
"chunk_text": "\"Rameshwar Prasad Sinha\"\nRameshwar Prasad Sinha Rameshwar Prasad Sinha (also transliterated as Rameshwar Prasad Singh) was an Indian statesman and a participant in the Indian independence movement. He was a Member of the Constituent Assembly of India which was elected to write the Constitution of India, and served as its first Parliament as an independent nation. He was also a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Bihar. He was known for his oratorical skills and his speeches to the masses, both in English and Hindi. He started practising law in 1915, but gave it up in 1921 to take part in Mahatma Gandhi's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11065836",
"chunk_text": "\"Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer\"\nAlladi Krishnaswamy Iyer Dewan Bahadur Sir Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer (14 May 1883 – 3 October 1953) was an Indian lawyer and member of the Constituent Assembly of India, which was responsible for framing the Constitution of India. He also served as the Advocate General of Madras State from 1929 to 1944. Noted neuroscientist Vilayanur S. Ramachandran is the grandson of Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer was born in 1883 in the small village of Pudur in Madras State (present day Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh). His father, Ekamra Sastry, was a priest. Krishnaswamy passed his matriculation examination in 1899",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10723669",
"chunk_text": "\"Dominion of India\"\nMahatma Gandhi's attempt to reconcile the two nations via a fast led to his assassination in 1948 by Nathuram Godse, further increasing tensions between the two new states. The Dominion of India began working towards a constitution based on liberal democracy immediately after independence. The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India, drafted by a committee headed by B. R. Ambedkar, on 26 November 1949. India abolished the role of the constitutional monarchy and became a federal, democratic republic after it's constitution came into effect on 26 January 1950; henceforth celebrated as Republic Day. The governmental structure was similar to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "818364",
"chunk_text": "Constitution\nIndia, the Supreme Court has created the Doctrine of Basic Structure in Kesavananda Bharti's case (1973) stating that the essential features of the Basic structure cannot be amended by the Parliament. The Court has identified judicial review, independence of Judiciary, free and fair election, core of Fundamental Rights as a few of the essential features which are unamendable. However, the Supreme Court did not identify specific provisions which are in the category of absolute entrenchment. A critical analysis of the Doctrine of Basic Structure appears in Professor M.K. Bhandari's book \"\"Basic Structure of Indian Constitution - A Critical Reconsideration\"\". An",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126819",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nProduction of the original constitution took nearly five years. Two days later, on 26 January 1950, it became the law of India. The estimated cost of the Constituent Assembly was 6.3 crore (63 million). The constitution has had a number of amendments since it was enacted. The original 1950 constitution is preserved in a helium-filled case at the Parliament House in New Delhi. The Indian constitution is the world's longest for a sovereign nation. At its enactment, it had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules. At about 145,000 words, it is the second-longest active constitution – after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5047313",
"chunk_text": "\"B. R. Ambedkar\"\ninitiative. Due to his role in economics, Narendra Jadhav, a notable Indian economist, has said that Ambedkar was \"\"the highest educated Indian economist of all times.\"\" Amartya Sen, said that Ambedkar is \"\"father of my economics\"\", and \"\"he was highly controversial figure in his home country, though it was not the reality. His contribution in the field of economics is marvelous and will be remembered forever.\"\" President Obama addressed the Indian parliament in 2010, and referred to Dalit leader Dr. B. R. Ambedkar as the great and revered Human Rights champion and main author of India's constitution. Ambedkar's political philosophy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "65626",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution Day (India)\"\nConstitution Day (India) Constitution Day (National Law Day), also known as Samvidhan Divas, is celebrated in India on 26 November every year to commemorate the adoption of Constitution of India. On 26 November 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950. The Government of India declared 26 November as Constitution Day on 19 November 2015 by a gazette notification. The Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi made the declaration on 11 October 2015 while laying the foundation stone of the B. R. Ambedkar memorial in Mumbai. The year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790085",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nB. N. Rau was appointed constitutional adviser to the assembly; Rau prepared the original draft of the constitution, and was later appointed a judge in the Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague. The assembly's work had five stages: The assembly was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad when it met as a constituent body, and by G. V. Mavlankar when it met as a legislative body. It completed the task of drafting a constitution in two years, eleven months and eighteen days, at a total expenditure of ₹6.4 million. The Constituent Assembly appointed a total of 13 committees to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16896776",
"chunk_text": "\"Adish Aggarwala\"\nAdish Aggarwala Adish C. Aggarwala is a jurist and the President of International Council of Jurists, Chairman of All India Bar Association, Convener of Indian Council of Jurists, Chairman of India Legal Information Institute, Secretary General of All India Senior Advocates Association and Patron of All India Law Students Association. In 2009, Aggarwala authored the book \"\"Constitution of India\"\". The foreword was contributed by Justice K.G. Balakrishnan, Chief Justice of India which was presented to the President of India Pratibha Devisingh Patil. Also co-authored (with British author Ms. Sarah J. Marchington) the biographical coffee table book, \"\"Narendra Modi - A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5968509",
"chunk_text": "\"Planning Commission (India)\"\nPlanning Commission (India) The Planning Commission (Hindi: योजना आयोग, \"\"Yojana Āyog\"\") was an institution in the Government of India, which formulated India's Five-Year Plans, among other functions. In his first Independence Day speech in 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced his intention to dissolve the Planning Commission. It has since been replaced by a new institution named NITI Aayog. Rudimentary economic planning, deriving from the sovereign authority of the state, was first initiated in India in 1938 by Congress President and Indian National Army supreme leader Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, who had been persuaded by Meghnad Saha to set up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9940444",
"chunk_text": "\"Granville Austin\"\nwas awarded a Padma Shri award, the fourth highest civilian honor of the Republic of India. National Translation Mission of the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India has selected \"\"The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation\"\" for translation into Indian languages. The book has already been published in Telugu, Marathi, Punjabi, Odia, Hindi and Malayalam languages. Granville Austin Granville Seward Austin (1927 – 6 July 2014) was an American historian of the Indian Constitution. Austin received most of his early education at Norwich, Vermont, USA. Austin graduated from Dartmouth College with a BA in American Literature.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1556612",
"chunk_text": "\"Article 35A of the Constitution of India\"\nas respects— shall be void on the ground that it is inconsistent with or takes away or abridges any rights conferred on the other citizens of India by any provision of this part.\"\" The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 was issued by President Rajendra Prasad under Article 370, with the advice of the Union Government headed by Jawaharlal Nehru. It was enacted as a subsequent to the '1952 Delhi agreement', reached between Nehru and the then Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Sheikh Abdullah, which dealt with the extension of Indian citizenship to the Jammu and Kashmir",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2592596",
"chunk_text": "\"Satish Chandra Mukherjee\"\nSatish Chandra Mukherjee Satish Chandra Mukherjee () (5 June 1865 – 18 April 1948) was a pioneer in establishing a system of national education in India, along with Sri Aurobindo. Satish Chandra was born at Banipur in the Hooghly district, near Kolkata (Calcutta). His father, Krishnanath Mukherjee, had been a childhood friend and classmate of Justice Dvarkanath Mitra, who appointed him as a translator of official documents in the Calcutta High Court. Mitra was a leading believer in the Religion of Humanity as founded by the Positivist Auguste Comte. Adept of this faith, an atheist servant of Man and of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14173717",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian independence movement\"\nsteering efforts by his \"\"iron fist in a velvet glove\"\" policies, exemplified by the use of military force to integrate Junagadh and Hyderabad State into India (Operation Polo). On the other hand, Nehru kept the issue of Kashmir in his hands. The Constituent Assembly, headed by the prominent lawyer, reformer and Dalit leader, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was tasked with creating the constitution of free India. The Constituent Assembly completed the work of drafting the constitution on 26 November 1949; on 26 January 1950, the Republic of India was officially proclaimed. The Constituent Assembly elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_479
|
who sang with eternal on i wanna be the only one?
|
n/a
|
[
"BeBe Winans"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3885539",
"chunk_text": "\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\nI Wanna Be the Only One \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" is a song by British R&B girl group Eternal and American R&B and gospel singer BeBe Winans. It was the third single released from their album \"\"Before the Rain\"\". Topping the UK Singles Chart, the release became the group's third collaboration with BeBe Winans, who produced 1994's \"\"Crazy\"\" (from \"\"Always & Forever\"\") and 1995's \"\"It Will Never End\"\" (from \"\"Power of a Woman\"\"). The single became the group's 11th non-consecutive top ten entry on the UK Singles Chart. \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" became Eternal's biggest hit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20201332",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (group)\"\ndisbanded in 2000. Eternal made a brief comeback in 2013, with Kéllé Bryan returning to the group, only for the group to disband once again in 2014. They were considered the UK's answer to the American girl group En Vogue. Eternal's 1993 debut album \"\"Always & Forever\"\" peaked at number two on the UK Album Chart and went four-times platinum in the UK. In 1997, they reached number one on the UK Singles Chart with \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\", which won them the 1997 Mobo Award for Best Single. They also received seven Brit Award nominations. In total",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3885540",
"chunk_text": "\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\nto date: it was the third most played song on British radio and the most played song on European radio by a UK act in 1997. It earned Eternal a MOBO Award and Capital FM Award for Best Single. It was also nominated for Best Single at the BRIT Awards. As of May 2017, the song has sold 650,000 copies in the UK. CD1 CD2 I Wanna Be the Only One \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" is a song by British R&B girl group Eternal and American R&B and gospel singer BeBe Winans. It was the third single released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19858012",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (group)\"\none, a duet with BeBe Winans, \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\", which became the second most played song on UK Radio in 1997, and stayed at the top spot for one week. It was taken from their third album \"\"Before the Rain\"\", which also included \"\"Don't You Love Me\"\". The album peaked at number three in the UK. Eternal's Greatest Hits package was released in the later part of 1997, and became the highest selling Greatest Hits package of the year. In 2013, Eternal's Greatest Hits album was confirmed as being the biggest selling \"\"\"\"Best Of\"\"\"\" by a girl",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8922887",
"chunk_text": "\"Before the Rain (album)\"\nBefore the Rain (album) Before the Rain is the third album by the British R&B vocal group Eternal, released in March 1997. The album includes the single \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" (a duet with BeBe Winans) which became Eternal's first and only number one hit in the United Kingdom. The album features lead vocals from Vernie Bennett (\"\"Think About Me\"\") and Kéllé Bryan (\"\"I'm Still Crying\"\", \"\"All My Love\"\"), and is their last to feature Bryan. A commercial success, the album went Gold in its first week, debuting with sales of 100,000 copies before being certified Platinum. According",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10670521",
"chunk_text": "\"Rhett Lawrence\"\nwhich lasted many years and led to great success. He produced and co-wrote the No. 1 UK hit single \"\"Never Be The Same Again\"\" with Melanie C. of The Spice Girls and Lisa \"\"Left Eye\"\" Lopes of TLC, which was No. 1 in 35 countries. He wrote the No. 1 single \"\"Angel of Mine\"\" recorded by Monica and Eternal and co-wrote the No. 1 UK song “I Wanna Be the Only One” for Eternal featuring BeBe Winans. In addition, he has produced and written songs for and with the likes of Whitney Houston, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20201343",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (group)\"\na concert at the Hammersmith Apollo in March 2014, where they performed alongside BeBe Winans for their hit single \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\". Louise was the first member of the band to leave to pursue a solo career, scoring a string of Top 10 singles and albums and two UK tours from 1995 to 2003. She married footballer Jamie Redknapp in 1998, and she has also presented a number of television shows including \"\"SMTV Live\"\", \"\"\"\" and most notably \"\"The Clothes Show\"\", \"\"Something for the Weekend\"\" and \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\". Kéllé experienced minor success after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10327486",
"chunk_text": "\"BeBe Winans\"\nIn March 2014, Winans joined British pop/R&B group Eternal at the Hammersmith Apollo in London, to perform the number one hit \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\", as part of \"\"The Big Reunion\"\" live shows. In November 2007, BeBe Winans filed suit in Davidson County (Tenn.) Circuit Court against his former business manager, Eric Peterson. His claims included breach of a managerial contract and of fiduciary duties, as well as fraud. Peterson managed Winans from early 2002 until early 2007. In the lawsuit, a copy of which is available through this link, Winans asserted that Peterson stole from him and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3853349",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal discography\"\nthe Only One\"\" received Platinum certifications from the British Phonographic Industry and Norwegian branch of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. In October of that same year, the group released \"\"Greatest Hits\"\", which peaked at number 2 and was certified 3x Platinum in the UK. The compilation also received Platinum certifications in New Zealand and Norway. \"\"Angel of Mine\"\", released as the sole single from the compilation, was a top 5 hit in the UK and Norway; whilst the 1999 cover by American recording artist Monica peaked at number 1 in the US. Eternal released their self-titled fourth album",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17344353",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm the Only One\"\nI'm the Only One \"\"I'm the Only One\"\" is a Melissa Etheridge song that appears on her 1993 album \"\"Yes I Am\"\". The single itself was released in 1993, and hit number eight on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts in January 1995. This is one of her biggest hits to date. Like many songs on her first album, \"\"Melissa Etheridge\"\", \"\"I'm the Only One\"\" deals with non-monogamous relationships. In the verses, the singer tells how much she suffers because her partner desires someone else. In the chorus, the singer reminds her partner that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17344356",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm the Only One\"\nI'm the Only One \"\"I'm the Only One\"\" is a Melissa Etheridge song that appears on her 1993 album \"\"Yes I Am\"\". The single itself was released in 1993, and hit number eight on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts in January 1995. This is one of her biggest hits to date. Like many songs on her first album, \"\"Melissa Etheridge\"\", \"\"I'm the Only One\"\" deals with non-monogamous relationships. In the verses, the singer tells how much she suffers because her partner desires someone else. In the chorus, the singer reminds her partner that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10327480",
"chunk_text": "\"BeBe Winans\"\n2010 in the category of Urban Recorded Song. In 1989, BeBe won his first Grammy for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male for his contribution to \"\"Abundant Life\"\", a track on his brother Ronald's Family & Friends Choir. BeBe signed with Atlantic records and delivered a self-titled solo debut in 1997. The album featured the singles \"\"In Harms' Way\"\", \"\"Thank You\"\", and the international crossover hit \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" featuring British soul trio Eternal. The song topped the UK Singles Chart in Eternal's native United Kingdom in May 1997. The next album released was the fruit of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7402047",
"chunk_text": "\"You're the One That I Want\"\nreality TV show \"\"\"\". In 2012, a cover version by Angus & Julia Stone was used in commercials for Sky (UK and Ireland). In 2013, a synthpop cover version by Lo-Fang reached no. 38 in France & no. 194 in the UK. The song was covered for the video game \"\"Just Dance 2016\"\", as the song appears in-game. In 2017, a cover version by Stephanie Tarling was used in commercials for the Microsoft Surface Laptop. In 2018, the Foo Fighters performed the cover three times, Lexington KY, Tampa, FL and another at the festival Welcome to Rockville featuring John Travolta",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "68560",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Not the Only One\"\nI'm Not the Only One \"\"I'm Not the Only One\"\" is a song recorded by English singer Sam Smith from his debut studio album, \"\"In the Lonely Hour\"\" (2014). It was written by Smith with Jimmy Napes, who also produced the song along with Steve Fitzmaurice. Capitol Records released it to digital download on 31 August 2014 as the album's third single in the United Kingdom and on 24 September 2014 as the album's second single in the United States; an alternative version with American rapper A$AP Rocky was also released. A piano soul ballad, anchored by orchestral strings and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3974719",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim & Bob\"\nBrandy, Tyrese, Amerie, Mýa, Usher, LeToya, Slim of 112, Busta Rhymes, Jamie Foxx (\"\"Life is Good\"\"); The Black Eyed Peas, Bobby Valentino's \"\"The Rebirth\"\" (\"\"Make You the Only One,\"\" \"\"3 Is the New 2,\"\" \"\"On The Edge,\"\" \"\"You're Not Alone,\"\" \"\"Give Me Your Heart,\"\" and \"\"Your Smile\"\"); Day 26's \"\"Forever in a Day\"\" (\"\"Think of Me\"\" and \"\"Reminds Me of You\"\"); and their artists Mahagani and Chico. In 2011, Tim & Bob produced half of Bobby V's project \"\"Fly on the Wall\"\" and reunited with Boyz II Men to produce four tracks including a remake of \"\"Motown Philly\"\" on their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19022128",
"chunk_text": "\"Ritual (electronic band)\"\nline about love and loss. For the remix of \"\"Drown the Lovers,\"\" Ritual recruited 6lack to rap a verse on the track. Zane Lowe premiered the remix as a World Record on Beats 1 radio. For another song off the EP, Denzel Curry contributes a verse to \"\"Real Feels.\"\" The song, \"\"The Only One\"\" was featured on the soundtrack to the Jaden Smith-starring film, \"\"Skate Kitchen\"\". The album, on Darkroom/Interscope Records, came out September 2018 following the August release of the film. Ritual have written songs for other artists, including Dua Lipa, Bishop Briggs, Avicii, Little Mix, among others. For",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "42909",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal Flame (song)\"\nUK Albums Chart and Irish Albums Chart. Additional sources used: Eternal Flame (song) \"\"Eternal Flame\"\" is a love song by American pop group the Bangles from their 1988 album \"\"Everything\"\". It became a hit single, when released in 1989, peaking at number one in the charts in nine countries, including Australia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It was written by the established songwriting partnership of Billy Steinberg and Tom Kelly (becoming the pair's fifth \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 number one in five years) along with the Bangles' Susanna Hoffs. Having previously reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8589577",
"chunk_text": "\"Kéllé Bryan\"\nShe has appeared in ITV's \"\"The Bill\"\", and on 31 March 1992 she appeared as Debbie in BBC's \"\"EastEnders\"\" who was a college friend of Lloyd Tavernier (Garey Bridges). In 1993, Bryan and Nurding, together with sisters Easther and Vernie Bennett formed the 1990s award-winning, multi-million selling, chart-topping British R&B girl group Eternal. Eternal sold millions of albums and had many international hits, including 16 consecutive top 15 UK chart singles such as \"\"Stay\"\", \"\"Just a Step from Heaven\"\", \"\"Oh Baby I\"\", \"\"Power of a Woman\"\", \"\"I Am Blessed\"\", \"\"Someday\"\", \"\"Don't You Love Me\"\", \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3853348",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal discography\"\nGold-certified in Australia; plus \"\"I Am Blessed\"\" which peaked at number 7 in the UK. As of February 1997, \"\"Power of a Woman\"\" has sold 2 million copies worldwide. \"\"Before the Rain\"\", their third album, was released in March 1997, with first week sales exceeding 100,000 copies in the UK alone. It spawned the group's highest charting singles in the UK; \"\"Don't You Love Me\"\" and the number-one hit \"\"I Wanna Be the Only One\"\" (featuring BeBe Winans), which was a top 10 hit in twelve territories. \"\"Before the Rain\"\" was certified Platinum in the UK, whilst \"\"I Wanna Be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12470037",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm the One (DJ Khaled song)\"\nI'm the One (DJ Khaled song) \"\"I'm the One\"\" is a song written and recorded by American musician DJ Khaled featuring Canadian singer Justin Bieber and American rappers Quavo, Chance the Rapper, and Lil Wayne. The song was released on April 28, 2017 by We the Best and Epic Records as the second single from Khaled's tenth studio album \"\"Grateful\"\". DJ Khaled initially marketed the song in February 2017 by posting photos of the music video on his Instagram account. He announced the song's release date, title, and cover art on April 24, 2017. According to DJ Khaled, Quavo completed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6842517",
"chunk_text": "\"Only One (Kanye West song)\"\nOnly One (Kanye West song) \"\"Only One\"\" is a song by American recording artist Kanye West, featuring English musician Paul McCartney. The song was released on December 31, 2014, and was the first song released by West since the release of his sixth studio album \"\"Yeezus\"\". Both artists co-wrote the song with Kirby Lauryen, Noah Goldstein, and Mike Dean. The song is a tribute to West's daughter, North, and is sung as a message to Kanye from the perspective of his mother, Donda West. McCartney is featured on the track as a musician and can be heard on \"\"faint\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3845844",
"chunk_text": "\"Oh Baby I...\"\nOh Baby I... \"\"Oh Baby I...\"\" is a single by the English girl group Eternal, written by Lotti Golden and Tommy Faragher. It was the fifth single released from their debut album \"\"Always & Forever\"\". The album contained two Top 5 singles, Stay followed by \"\"Oh Baby I...\"\" which entered the UK Singles Chart at number 7 on 30 October 1994, climbing to its peak position of number 4 a week later. The single spent 10 weeks in the Top 40, which up to this point was their longest chart run, and was certified Silver by the BPI on 1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18668155",
"chunk_text": "\"Stay (Eternal song)\"\nStay (Eternal song) \"\"Stay\"\" is the debut single by British girl group Eternal. It released on 20 September 1993 as the lead single from their debut album \"\"Always & Forever\"\" (1993). The single entered at number 16 on 26 September 1993 on the UK Singles Chart, eventually peaking at number four on 17 October 1993. The single was also a hit on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, peaking at number 19 on 12 March 1994 and selling over 220,000 copies in the US. An earlier version of the song, which was written by Bob Khozouri and Mark Stevens, was recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10674101",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (The Isley Brothers album)\"\nEternal (The Isley Brothers album) Eternal is the 28th studio album released by The Isley Brothers on DreamWorks Records on August 7, 2001. Now popular again with audiences, almost single-handledly for Ronald Isley's \"\"Mr. Biggs\"\" persona, \"\"Eternal\"\" included production from not only R. Kelly who gave the Isleys their biggest hit as leading artists in over two decades with \"\"Contagious\"\" but also from Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, Raphael Saadiq and Ronald's wife at the time, Angela Winbush. Based on the mega-success of \"\"Contagious\"\", \"\"Eternal\"\" peaked at #3 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Billboard Top 200 album charts and #1 on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6842518",
"chunk_text": "\"Only One (Kanye West song)\"\nelectronically manipulated backing vocals, but does not sing any lead vocal part. The song was recorded over a two-day period in Mexico in September 2014 in which West and McCartney, alongside other artists, recorded upwards of nine songs. The track was released on December 31, 2014, to the iTunes Store. The track features English musician and former member of The Beatles and Wings, Paul McCartney, and was the first of two rumored collaborations between the two artists, the other being a track called \"\"Piss On Your Grave\"\". The song also features uncredited vocals by Ty Dolla $ign. West's wife Kim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6842524",
"chunk_text": "\"Only One (Kanye West song)\"\nand first top ten single since 1983's \"\"Say Say Say\"\" with Michael Jackson. Only One (Kanye West song) \"\"Only One\"\" is a song by American recording artist Kanye West, featuring English musician Paul McCartney. The song was released on December 31, 2014, and was the first song released by West since the release of his sixth studio album \"\"Yeezus\"\". Both artists co-wrote the song with Kirby Lauryen, Noah Goldstein, and Mike Dean. The song is a tribute to West's daughter, North, and is sung as a message to Kanye from the perspective of his mother, Donda West. McCartney is featured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15465891",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal Flame (song)\"\nEternal Flame (song) \"\"Eternal Flame\"\" is a love song by American pop group the Bangles from their 1988 album \"\"Everything\"\". It became a hit single, when released in 1989, peaking at number one in the charts in nine countries, including Australia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It was written by the established songwriting partnership of Billy Steinberg and Tom Kelly (becoming the pair's fifth \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 number one in five years) along with the Bangles' Susanna Hoffs. Having previously reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in December 1986 with \"\"Walk Like an Egyptian,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4145280",
"chunk_text": "\"The One (Mary J. Blige song)\"\nThe One (Mary J. Blige song) \"\"The One\"\" is a song by American recording artist Mary J. Blige featuring Canadian rapper Drake. Written by Blige and Drake along with Ester Dean and producer Rodney \"\"Darkchild\"\" Jerkins, it was included in her ninth studio album, \"\"Stronger with Each Tear\"\" (2009). Released as the album's lead single, the song marked Blige's 5th entry on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, on which it reached number 32. Blige's sum extended her lead for most charted titles among women in the 1990s and 2000s. \"\"The One\"\" is an energetic uptempo lasting three minutes and twenty-nine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10042234",
"chunk_text": "\"The One (Mary J. Blige song)\"\nwho has his own hip-hop/R&B hit \"\"Best I Ever Had,\"\" adds a punch of confidence that matches the intensity of Blige's snappy lyrics. Producer Rodney Jerkins, who has been churning out hits since the '90s, provides a forceful rhythmic structure for Blige in the form of a constant pulse underlying his pounding beats. Whether she's demanding exclusivity from her man or touting drama-free single life, Blige always sounds strong\"\". The One (Mary J. Blige song) \"\"The One\"\" is a song by American recording artist Mary J. Blige featuring Canadian rapper Drake. Written by Blige and Drake along with Ester Dean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15852199",
"chunk_text": "\"I Could Be the Only One\"\nI Could Be the Only One I Could Be the Only One is a split EP released as a digital single by Manchester Orchestra and Kevin Devine on January 26, 2010. The EP features the artists covering each other's songs, with Manchester Orchestra covering \"\"I Could Be With Anyone\"\" and Devine covering \"\"The Only One\"\". The songs featured on Spinner.com as the MP3 of the Day on January 25, 2010 along with an article explaining why these songs were chosen. Kevin described \"\"The Only One\"\" as \"\"\"\"arguably my favorite\"\"\"\", saying that \"\"\"\"It's definitely one of the coolest...The charge of it,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20201340",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (group)\"\nhad moderate success in some European countries. The last televised performance by Eternal was on \"\"Songs of Praise\"\" in 2000 where Easther and Vernie performed the track \"\"He Is\"\". In 2006, it was announced that Eternal would be reforming for a live reunion tour alongside other acts including Boyz II Men. Although only Easther Bennett and Kéllé Bryan would be part of the project (Vernie Bennett was pregnant at the time and Louise Redknapp was busy with her solo career). In an interview around the time Kéllé Bryan revealed that the band had been offered numerous record deals over the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12421654",
"chunk_text": "\"The One (Slaughterhouse song)\"\nThe One (Slaughterhouse song) \"\"The One\"\" is a song written by Slaughterhouse, a hip hop supergroup consisting of rappers Crooked I, Joe Budden, Joell Ortiz and Royce da 5'9\"\". Produced by DJ Khalil, it is the lead single from the group's self-titled debut album. The beat samples heavily from the Boogie Down Productions I'm Still #1 and Lenny Kravitz song \"\"Fly Away.\"\" The song was released on July 2, 2009. A music video for the song was directed by Rik Cordero. A behind the scenes footage from the music video, which features commentary from Slaughterhouse and the director, was leaked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20848854",
"chunk_text": "\"You Are the Only One (Emily Osment song)\"\nYou Are the Only One (Emily Osment song) You Are the Only One is a song performed by American artist Emily Osment. The song was released for digital download on February 27, 2010 as the second single from Osment's debut extended play, \"\"All the Right Wrongs\"\". Overall, the song was deemed unsuccessful and failed to chart in the United States, however, it made some impact on the Canadian Digital Charts. \"\"You Are the Only One\"\" was co-written by Emily Osment, along with James Maxwell Collins and Anthony Fagenson. The song was recorded by Osment while on the set of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7366515",
"chunk_text": "\"The One (The Chainsmokers song)\"\nThe One (The Chainsmokers song) \"\"The One\"\" is a song recorded by The Chainsmokers for their debut studio album \"\"Memories...Do Not Open\"\" (2017). The song was released as the promotional single from the album on March 27, 2017. It was co-written with frequent collaborators Scott Harris and Emily Warren. The tempo was slowed down in this song, compared to The Chainsmokers' previous songs. It is sung by Drew Taggart. YourEDM described the song as a mellow track that \"\"begins with ballad and slightly drops into EDM at the climax, as the bass kicks in\"\". MTV described it as a \"\"heavyhearted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "767215",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm on One\"\nbut lost to \"\"All of the Lights\"\" by Kanye West featuring Rihanna. \"\"XXL\"\" named this song the second best song of 2011. \"\"Billboard\"\" also ranked it at number 17 on their \"\"Critics' Picks: 20 Best Songs of 2011\"\". I'm on One \"\"I'm on One\"\" is a song by American hip hop artist DJ Khaled, released as the second single from his fifth studio album, \"\"We the Best Forever\"\". The song features Canadian rapper Drake and American rappers Rick Ross and Lil Wayne and features production from Canadian producers T-Minus, Nikhil S. and Noah \"\"40\"\" Shebib. It was released for digital",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19002963",
"chunk_text": "\"You Are the Only One (Emily Osment song)\"\nsong \"\"is one of the slower songs on Emily’s album, but still a great listen! The guitars pick up during the chorus and definitely add something very special to the song\"\". The official music video for \"\"You Are the Only One\"\" was directed by Aaron A. The director is known by working many artists as Nelly Furtado on the video \"\"Do It\"\" and the videography of the band Down with Webster and the singer Fefe Dobson. It was filmed in last January, and was released on February 26, 2010, one day before the release date of the song. The video",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4452671",
"chunk_text": "\"Gary Barnacle\"\nMoving\"\" (11.5 million copies worldwide). From 1996 onwards, his appearances became more sporadic. Nevertheless, he participated in the realization of Status Quo's \"\"Don't Stop\"\", an album of cover versions that includes guest appearances from The Beach Boys, Brian May of Queen, and Maddy Prior of Steeleye Span, and the Sputnik: The Next Generation's eponymous album featuring Tomoyasu Hotei, both released in 1996. \"\"Games\"\" by Happy Clappers, and \"\"Feedback\"\" by Vargas Blues Band, were released in 1997. In 1997, he played on and arranged brass for the No.1 single \"\"I Wanna Be The Only One\"\" by Eternal. In that same year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4498965",
"chunk_text": "\"Am I the Only One\"\nAm I the Only One \"\"Am I the Only One\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released in March 2011 as the sixteenth single release of his career and the first from his 2012 album \"\"Home\"\". The song reached number one on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart in September 2011. Bentley told \"\"Billboard\"\" that, following his bluegrass album \"\"Up on the Ridge\"\", he wanted to \"\"be back on [radio] and I wanted my fans to hear our stuff. I wanted to come back with a song that was fun",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18574816",
"chunk_text": "\"The Only Ones\"\nthe eye of Johnny Thunders, founding member of the New York Dolls and the Heartbreakers, and worked as sidemen on Thunders' solo debut album, \"\"So Alone\"\", notably appearing together on the classic \"\"You Can't Put Your Arms Around a Memory\"\". However, drug addiction, particularly heroin use, derailed their career, and singer/guitarist/songwriter Perrett has only sporadically been heard from since the band split in 1982. He briefly resurfaced in the mid 1990s with the album, \"\"Woke Up Sticky\"\", and is releasing his debut solo album, \"\"How The West Was Won\"\" in 2017. Lead guitarist Perry went on to play as an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17344354",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm the Only One\"\neven if her partner is in a new relationship, that the singer will always be the only one who really loves them with passion. The music video for \"\"I'm the Only One\"\" was directed by David Hogan, marking their first collaboration on a video. Hogan, who became friends with Etheridge, later helmed several other of her videos, including \"\"Your Little Secret\"\" in 1995 and \"\"I Want to Be in Love\"\" in 2001. The song has been covered many times on American Idol. In the Top 4 of season one, it was covered by Nikki McKibbin on 80's/90's week. In the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11141301",
"chunk_text": "\"Maria Nayler\"\nMaria Nayler Maria Nayler (born 26 March 1972) is a British singer. In the early 1990s, she was part of Ultraviolet, who released two singles, \"\"Kites\"\" (1990) and \"\"I Wish That\"\" (1991). In 1995, she appeared as featured vocalist on Sasha's trance track \"\"Be As One\"\". It received a release through Deconstruction Records in early 1996, peaking at number 17 in the UK Singles Chart. Later that same year, Nayler teamed up with electronic dance musician Robert Miles, who applied her vocals to the international hit song \"\"One and One\"\", the third single culled from Miles's album \"\"Dreamland\"\". \"\"One and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11241931",
"chunk_text": "\"Sammi Morelli\"\nSammi Morelli Sammi Morelli (Born \"\"Samantha Lee Morelli\"\", February 19, 1988 in Langley, British Columbia, Canada) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, former radio host and media personality. Her debut album was \"\"Unlimited\"\" at age 13 with songs \"\"I'll Get There Anyway\"\" \"\"Perfect\"\" and \"\"Let Me Be The One\"\" becoming fan favourites on the Arcade & Playstation game, \"\"In the Groove\"\". \"\"Let Me Be The One\"\" appeared in Smallville Episode \"\"Precipice\"\" and \"\"Our Love Will Always Win\"\" was featured in the short film \"\"Tilt\"\" starring \"\"The X-Files\"\" lone gunman, Tom Braidwood. In 2015, Morelli was nominated for \"\"Songwriter of the Year\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13414011",
"chunk_text": "\"The Only\"\nof the video revealing a crowd of fans around the room's floor. The song was declared to have the band's the number one music video from \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine in 2014. The Only \"\"The Only\"\" is the first single from the industrial metal band Static-X's third album, \"\"Shadow Zone\"\". The song is featured in \"\"\"\", and on the PC version of the game \"\"\"\", and in the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards as a background music for an announcer's speech. In \"\"Need for Speed Underground\"\", the words \"\"my heaven, your hell\"\" have been replaced by \"\"My heaven, you're losing\"\". The video",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11830779",
"chunk_text": "\"Always (Atlantic Starr song)\"\non their self-titled debut album. In 2008, it was revived by Filipina singer-actress Iya Villania as a duet with Jay-R on her album \"\"Finally!\"\". Johnny Mathis recorded the song with Mone't on his album \"\"A Night to Remember\"\". MF DOOM sampled \"\"Always\"\" for his song \"\"Dead Bent\"\", from his album \"\"\"\". Always (Atlantic Starr song) \"\"Always\"\" is a ballad by American R&B band Atlantic Starr. The track was the second single from the group's seventh studio album \"\"All in the Name of Love\"\" (1987). The single peaked at number one on both the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12470038",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm the One (DJ Khaled song)\"\nhis verse for the song in five minutes after listening to the instrumentals. \"\"I'm the One\"\" debuted atop the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming the first number-one single on the chart for DJ Khaled, Chance the Rapper, and Quavo (as a solo performer apart from Migos). It became the first hip hop song to do so since \"\"Not Afraid\"\" by Eminem in 2010. It became Bieber's fourth chart-topper, following the first three singles off \"\"Purpose\"\". Lil Wayne topped the chart for the third time in his career, but for the first time since 2009. The song also entered the UK Singles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20165737",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm on One\"\nI'm on One \"\"I'm on One\"\" is a song by American hip hop artist DJ Khaled, released as the second single from his fifth studio album, \"\"We the Best Forever\"\". The song features Canadian rapper Drake and American rappers Rick Ross and Lil Wayne and features production from Canadian producers T-Minus, Nikhil S. and Noah \"\"40\"\" Shebib. It was released for digital download in the United States on May 20, 2011. The song peaked at number ten on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming the highest second peaking song behind \"\"I'm The One\"\" and first top-ten hit in the United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19535999",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal Boy\"\nlike All Time Low and Four Year Strong. Additionally, they recorded a song for the Alkaline Trio tribute record, \"\"Jaked on Green Beers\"\" alongside Punchline, The Wonder Years, and other bands in the genre. Both tributes were released on Pacific Ridge Records. In 2012, the band's songs \"\"Running Away\"\" and \"\"2003\"\" were used on The Challenge on MTV. They also released a music video for their single from \"\"Stuck Here Forever\"\" called \"\"2003\"\". In November 2013, the band's most recent single, \"\"Party Foul,\"\" was featured on ESPN's Monday Night Football. The song is also in current rotation on stations across",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17507348",
"chunk_text": "\"Crazy (Eternal song)\"\nCrazy (Eternal song) \"\"Crazy\"\" is a song performed by the British R&B girl group Eternal. Written and produced by BeBe Winans, the song is the sixth and final single to be released from their debut album \"\"Always & Forever\"\" (1993). This was also the only Eternal single to feature all members of the group singing lead vocals, where usually it would only have been lead singer Easther Bennett. The single entered and peaked at number fifteen on the UK Singles Chart, staying inside the charts for seven weeks. This would also be the last single to feature member Louise Redknapp,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8151938",
"chunk_text": "\"I Could Be the One\"\nI Could Be the One \"\"I Could Be the One\"\" is a song by Swedish DJ Avicii and Dutch DJ Nicky Romero, which features uncredited production from Iranian-Swedish record producer Arash Pournouri and uncredited vocals from Swedish singer Noonie Bao. The song was released as a digital download in Sweden and the Netherlands on 26 December 2012. It peaked at number three on the Swedish Singles Chart. Internationally, the single topped the charts in Hungary and the United Kingdom, peaked within the top 10 in Australia, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway and the Republic of Ireland",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20201333",
"chunk_text": "\"Eternal (group)\"\nthey achieved 15 UK Top 20 hits between 1993 and 1999, with their other Top 10 hits including \"\"Stay\"\" (1993), \"\"Oh Baby I...\"\" (1994), \"\"Power of a Woman\"\" (1995), \"\"Someday\"\" (1996), \"\"Secrets\"\" (1996) and \"\"Don't You Love Me\"\" (1997). The group reformed as a trio without Louise Redknapp in 2013 for the second series of the ITV2 reality show \"\"The Big Reunion\"\", and performed a one-off concert In March 2014. Eternal were formed in 1992 by music manager Denis Ingoldsby of First Avenue Records, after which Eddie Gordon showed him how the success of En Vogue was built in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_480
|
who was elected the president of constituent assembly?
|
n/a
|
[
"Rajendra Prasad",
"Dr. Rajendra Prasad, INC",
"Dr. Rajendra Prasad"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790084",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nthe Assembly approved the draft constitution on 26 November 1949. On 26 January 1950 the constitution took effect (commemorated as Republic Day), and the Constituent Assembly became the Provisional Parliament of India (continuing until after the first elections under the new constitution in 1952). Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first chairman (temporary) of Constituent Assembly. Later Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the president and Its vice-president was Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, a Christian from Bengal and former vice-chancellor of Calcutta University. Also chairing the assembly's Minorities Committee, Mookerjee was appointed governor of West Bengal after India became a republic. Jurist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790078",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nconstituent assembly for Muslims in India. On 3 June 1947 Lord Mountbatten, the last British Governor-General of India, announced his intention to scrap the Cabinet Mission Plan; this culminated in the Indian Independence Act 1947 and the separate nations of India and Pakistan. The Indian Independence Act was passed on 18 July 1947 and, although it was earlier declared that India would become independent in June 1948, this event led to independence on 15 August 1947. The Constituent Assembly (elected for an undivided India) met for the first time on 9 December 1946, reassembling on 14 August 1947 as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399675",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nShambu Nath Shukla, Ram Sahai Tiwari, Mannulalji Dwidedi Cooch Behar: Himmat Singh K. Maheshwari Tripura and Manipur: Girja Shankar Guha Bhopal: Lal Singh Kutch: Bhawani Arjun Khimji Himachal Pradesh: Yashwant Singh Parmar East Bengal: Abdullah al Mahmood, Maulana Mohd Abdullah el Baqui, Abdul Hamid, Abdul Kasem Khan, Mohammad Akram Khan, A. Hamid, Azizuddin Ahmad, Muhammad Habibullah Bahar, Prem Hari Barma, Raj Kumar Chakraverty, Sris Chandra Chattopadhyaya, Abdul Matin Chaudhary, Murtaza Raza Choudhry, Hamidul Haq Chowdhury, Akhay Kumar Das, Dhirendra Nath Datta, Bhupendra Kumar Datta, Ebrahim Khan, Fazlul Huq, Fazlur Rahman, Ghayasuddin Pathan, Begum Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, Liaquat Ali Khan, Mafizuddin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126816",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\ncommittee and represented non-Anglo-Indian Christians. Ari Bahadur Gurung represented the Gorkha community. Judges, such as Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer, Benegal Narsing Rau, K. M. Munshi and Ganesh Mavlankar were members of the assembly. Female members included Sarojini Naidu, Hansa Mehta, Durgabai Deshmukh, Amrit Kaur and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. The first, two-day president of the assembly was Sachchidananda Sinha; Rajendra Prasad was later elected president. It met for the first time on 9 December 1946. Benegal Narsing Rau, a civil servant who became the first Indian judge in the International Court of Justice and was president of the United Nations Security Council,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790081",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nThe Assembly met for the first time in New Delhi on 9 December 1946, and its last session was held on 24 January 1950. The hope of the Assembly was expressed by Jawaharlal Nehru: India was still under British rule when the Constituent Assembly was established following negotiations between Indian leaders and members of the 1946 Cabinet Mission to India from the United Kingdom. Provincial assembly elections were held early in 1946. Constituent Assembly members were elected indirectly by members of the newly elected provincial assemblies, and initially included representatives for those provinces that formed part of Pakistan (some of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10853039",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of Pakistan\"\nConstituent Assembly of Pakistan, meeting in Karachi. On August 15, 1947, following the partition of India, twenty-eight members of the Muslim League remained in the Indian Constituent Assembly, apart from 93 members who were from the princely states (including four members from Jammu & Kashmir who did not join the newly created Pakistani constituent assembly). Pakistan's Constituent Assembly first convened on August 11, 1947, on the eve of independence and the end of British rule. Muhammad Ali Jinnah remained its president until his death on September 11, 1948. Subsequently, Liaquat Ali Khan headed it for three years and produced the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6033988",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent assembly\"\npolitical class is trying to thwart the will of the people by disrespecting the result of the 2012 constitutional referendum. The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India, and served as its first Parliament as an independent nation. It was set up as a result of negotiations between the leaders of the Indian independence movement and members of the British Cabinet Mission. The constituent assembly was elected indirectly by the members of the Provincial legislative assembly, which existed under the British Raj. It first met on December 9, 1946, in Delhi. On August 15, 1947,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12051480",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajendra Prasad\"\nelected as President of the Constituent Assembly of India, which prepared the Constitution of India and served as its provisional parliament. When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected its first president by the Constituent Assembly. Following the general election of 1951, he was elected president by the electoral college of the first Parliament of India and its state legislatures. As president, Prasad established a tradition of non-partisanship and independence for the office-bearer, and retired from Congress party politics. Although a ceremonial head of state, Prasad encouraged the development of education in India and advised the Nehru government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12051491",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajendra Prasad\"\nAfter remaining incarcerated for nearly three years, he was released on 15 June 1945. After the formation of Interim Government of 12 nominated ministers under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru on 2 September 1946, he got the Food and Agriculture department. Later, he was elected the President of Constituent Assembly on 11 December 1946. Again on 17 November 1947 he became Congress President for a third time after J. B. Kripalani submitted resignation. Two and a half years after independence, on 26 January 1950, the Constitution of independent India was ratified and Prasad was elected the nation's first president. Unfortunately,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399664",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nD'Souza, Kanayalal Nanabhai Desai, Keshavrao Marutirao Jedhe, Khandubhai Kasanji Desai, Bal Gangadhar Kher, M.R. Masani, K.M. Munshi, Narahar Vishnu Gadgil, S. Nijalingappa, S. K. Patil, Ramchandra Manohar Nalavade, R. R. Diwakar, Shankarrao Deo, G. V. Mavalankar, Vallabhbhai Patel, Abdul Kadar Mohammad Shaikh, A. A. Khan West Bengal: Monomohan Das, Arun Chandra Guha, Lakshmi Kanta Maitra, Mihir Lal Chattopadhyay, Satis Chandra Samanta, Suresh Chandra Majumdar, Upendranath Barman, Prabhudayal Himatsingka, Basanta Kumar Das, Renuka Ray, H. C. Mukherjee, Surendra Mohan Ghose, Syama Prasad Mookerjee, Ari Bahadur Gurung, R. E. Platel, K. C. Neogy, Raghib Ahsan, Somnath Lahiri, Jasimuddin Ahmad, Naziruddin Ahmad, Abdul",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852944",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nVallabha Tripathi, Ram Chandra Gupta, Shibban Lal Saxena, Satish Chandra, John Matthai, Sucheta Kripalani, Sunder Lall, Venkatesh Narayan Tiwari, Mohanlal Gautam, Vishwambhar Dayal Tripathi, Vishnu Sharan Dublish, Begum Aizaz Rasul, Hyder Hussain, Hasrat Mohani, Abul Kalam Azad, Muhammad Ismail Khan, Rafi Ahmad Kidwai, Mohd. Hifzur Rahman, Z H Lari East Punjab: Bakshi Tek Chand, Jairamdas Daulatram, Thakurdas Bhargava, Bikramlal Sondhi, Yashwant Rai, Ranbir Singh Hooda, Lala Achint Ram, Nand Lal, Baldev Singh, Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir, Sardar Hukam Singh, Sardar Bhopinder Singh Mann, Sardar Rattan Singh Lohgarh Chaudhry Suraj Mal Bihar: Amiyo Kumar Ghosh, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Banarsi Prasad Jhunjhunwala,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790094",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nBrijlal Nandlal Biyani, Thakur Cheedilal, Seth Govind Das, Hari Singh Gour, Hari Vishnu Kamath, Hemchandra Jagobaji Khandekar, Ghanshyam Singh Gupta, Lakshman Shrawan Bhatkar, Panjabrao Shamrao Deshmukh, Ravi Shankar Shukla, R. K. Sidhva, Shankar Trimbak Dharmadhikari, Frank Anthony, Kazi Syed Karimuddin, Ganpatrao Dani Assam: Nibaran Chandra Laskar, Dharanidhar Basu-Matari, Gopinath Bardoloi, J. J. M. Nichols-Roy, Kuladhar Chaliha, Rohini Kumar Chaudhury, Muhammad Saadulla, Abdur Rouf Orissa: Biswanath Das, Krishna Chandra Gajapati Narayana Dev, Harekrushna Mahatab, Laxminarayan Sahu Lokanath Mishra, Nandkishore Das, Rajkrishna Bose, Santanu Kumar Das, Yudhishir Mishra Delhi: Deshbhandhu Gupta Ajmer-Merwara: Mukut Bihari Lal Bhargava Coorg: C. M. Poonacha Mysore: K.C.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "126815",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of India\"\nassemblies. The 389-member assembly (reduced to 299 after the partition of India) took almost three years to draft the constitution holding eleven sessions over a 165-day period. B. R. Ambedkar, Sanjay Phakey, Jawaharlal Nehru, C. Rajagopalachari, Rajendra Prasad, Vallabhbhai Patel, Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Sandipkumar Patel, Abul Kalam Azad, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, Nalini Ranjan Ghosh, and Balwantrai Mehta were key figures in the assembly, which had over 30 representatives of the scheduled classes. Frank Anthony represented the Anglo-Indian community, and the Parsis were represented by H. P. Modi. Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, a Christian assembly vice-president, chaired the minorities",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852948",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nReddy, T. Siddalingaiya, H. R. Guruv Reddy, S. V. Krishnamurthy Rao, K. Hanumanthaiya, H. Siddaveerappa, T. Channiah Jammu and Kashmir: Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, Motiram Baigra, Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg, Maulana Mohammad Sayeed Masoodi Travancore-Cochin: Pattom A. Thanu Pillai, R. Sankar, P. T. Chacko, Panampilly Govinda Menon, Annie Mascarene, P.S.Nataraja Pillai, K.A. Mohamed Madhya Bharat: Vinayak Sitaram Sarwate, Brijraj Narain, Gopikrishna Vijayavargiya, Ram Sahai, Kusum Kant Jain, Radhavallabh Vijayavargiya, Sitaram S. Jajoo Saurashtra: Balwant Rai Gopalji Mehta, Jaisukhlal Hathi, Amritlal Vithaldas Thakkar, Chimanlal Chakubhai Shah, Samaldas Laxmidas Gandhi Rajasthan: V. T. Krishnamachari, Hiralal Shastri, Sardar Singhjhi of Khetri, Jaswant Singhji, Raj",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399676",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nAhmad, Mahmud Hussain, Jnanendra Chandra Majumdar, A. M. Malik, Birat Chandra Mandal, Jogendra Nath Mandal, Mohammed Ali, Khwaja Nazimuddin, M.A.B.L. Nur Ahmed, Nurul Amin, Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi, Sri Dhananjoy M.A. B.L. Roy, Maudi Bhakesh Chanda, B.L. Serajul Islam, Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Osmani, Shahabudin Khwaja, H.S. Suhrawardy, Harendra Kumar Sur, Tamizuddin Khan, Kawivi Kerwar Datta, Ghulam Mohammed West Punjab: Mian Mumtaz Mohammad Khan Daultana, Ganga Saran, Zafarullah Khan, Iftikhar Hussain Khan, Mian Muhammad Iftikharuddin, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Sheikh Karamat Ali, Nazir Ahmad Khan, Sardar Abdur Rab Nistar, Feroz Khan Noon, Omar Hayat Malik, Shah Nawaz Begum Jahan Ara, Sardar Shaukat Hyat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399665",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nHamid, Abdul Halim Ghuznavi United Provinces: Ajit Prasad Jain, Algu Rai Shastri, Balkrishna Sharma, Banshi Dhar Misra, Bhagwan Din, Damodar Swarup Seth, Dayal Das Bhagat, Dharam Prakash, A. Dharam Dass, R. V. Dhulekar, Feroz Gandhi, Gopal Narain, Krishna Chandra Sharma, Govind Ballabh Pant, Govind Malviya, Har Govind Pant, Harihar Nath Shastri, Hriday Nath Kunzru, Jaspat Roy Kapoor, Jagannath Baksh Singh, Jawaharlal Nehru, Jogendra Singh, Jugal Kishore, Jwala Prasad Srivastava, B. V. Keskar, Kamala Chaudhry, Kamalapati Tripathi, J. B. Kripalani, Mahavir Tyagi, Khurshed Lal, Masurya Din, Mohan Lal Saksena, Padampat Singhania, Phool Singh, Paragi Lal, Purnima Banerjee, Purushottam Das Tandon, Hira",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16286693",
"chunk_text": "\"Sachchidananda Sinha\"\nHe was Deputy President of the Assembly in 1921. He also held the office of the President in the Bihar and Orissa Legislative Council. He was appointed Executive Councillor and Finance Member of the Government of Bihar and Orissa, and, thus, was the first Indian who was ever appointed as a Finance Member of a Province. Later, he also was a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. In 1946, he was named the Interim President of the Constituent Assembly of India on 9 December 1946. He was replaced by Dr. Rajendra Prasad after indirect election on 11 December 1946. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852945",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nBhagwat Prasad, Boniface Lakra, Brajeshwar Prasad, Chandika Ram, K. T. Shah, Devendra Nath Samanta, Dip Narain Sinha, Guptanath Singh, Jadubans Sahay, Jagat Narain Lal, Jagjivan Ram, Jaipal Singh Munda, Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga, Kamaleshwari Prasad Yadav, Mahesh Prasad Sinha, Krishna Ballabh Sahay, Raghunandan Prasad, Rajendra Prasad, Rameshwar Prasad Sinha, Ramnarayan Singh, Sachchidananda Sinha, Sarangdhar Sinha, Satyanarayan Sinha, Binodanand Jha, P. K. Sen, Sri Krishna Sinha, Sri Narayan Mahtha, Syamanandan Mishra, Hussain Imam, Syed Jafar Imam, Latifur Rahman, Mohammad Tahir, Tajamul Hussain, Choudhry Abid Hussain. Hargovind Mishra Central Provinces and Berar: Ambica Charan Shukla, Raghu Vira, Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, B.A. Mandloi,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399663",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nT. Prakasam, S. H. Prater, Raja Swetachalapati Ramakrishna Renga Roa of Bobbili, R. K. Shanmukham Chetty, T. A. Ramalingam Chettiar, Ramnath Goenka, O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiar, N. G. Ranga, Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, Sheik Galib Sahib, K. Santhanam, B. Shiva Rao, Kallur Subba Rao, U. Srinivasa Mallya, P. Subbarayan, C. Subramaniam, V Subramaniam, M. C. Veerabahu Pillai, P. M. Velayudapani, A. K. Menon, T. J. M. Wilson, Mohamed Ismail Sahib, K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim, Mahboob Ali Baig Sahib Bahadur, B. Pocker Sahib Bahadur, pattam Tanupillai Bombay: Balchandra Maheshwar Gupte, Hansa Mehta, Hari Vinayak Pataskar, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Joseph Alban",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8850957",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Indian presidential election\"\nof the votes from the electoral college of elected members of federal, state and union territory legislatures and was elected to a five-year term as President. Kovind's term of office began on 25 July 2017. There was initial speculation that the incumbent, Pranab Mukherjee, would seek re-election. However, he decided not to run again in 2017, meaning that his term in office ended on 24 July 2017. The President of India is indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of the elected members of both houses of parliament, the elected members of the Legislative assemblies of the 29 states and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852949",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nBhadur, Manikya Lal Varma, Gokul Lal Asava, Ramchandra Upadhyaya, Balwant Sinha Mehta, Dalel Singh, Jainarain Vyas Patiala and East Punjab States Union: Ranjit Singh, Sochet Singh, Bhagwant Roy Bombay States: Vinayakrao Balshankar Vaidya, B. N. Munavalli, Gokulbhai Daulatram Bhatt, Jivraj Narayan Mehta, Gopaldas A. Desai, Paranlal Thakurlal Munshi, B. H. Khardekar, Ratnappa Bharamappa Kumbhar B.N Datar Orissa States: Lal Mohan Pati, N. Madhava Rau, Raj Kunwar, Sarangadhar Das, Yudhishthir Mishra Central Provinces States: R. L. Malaviya, Kishorimohan Tripathi, Ramprasad Potai United Provinces States: B. H. Zaidi, Krishna Singh Madras States: V. Ramaiah, Ramakrishna Ranga Rao Vindhya Pradesh: Avdesh Pratap Singh,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10852927",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nConstituent Assembly of India The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from Great Britain in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. An idea for a Constituent Assembly was proposed in 1934 by M. N. Roy, a pioneer of the Communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democracy. It became an official demand of the Indian National Congress in 1935, C. Rajagopalachari voiced the demand for a Constituent Assembly on 15 November 1939 based on adult franchise, and was accepted by the British in August 1940. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12949191",
"chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Pakistan\"\nAssembly of Pakistan was held on 10 August 1947 at Sindh Assembly Building in Karachi. On 11 August 1947 Muhammad Ali Jinnah was elected unanimously as the president of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan and the National Flag was formally approved by the Assembly. On 12 August 1947, a resolution was approved regarding officially addressing Jinnah as \"\"Quaid-i-Azam\"\". On the same day, a special committee called the \"\"Committee on Fundamental Rights of Citizens and Minorities of Pakistan\"\" was appointed to look into and advise the Assembly on matters relating to fundamental rights of the citizens, particularly the minorities, with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790079",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nsovereign body and successor to the British parliament's authority in India. As a result of the partition, under the Mountbatten plan a separate Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was established on 3 June 1947. The representatives of the areas incorporated into Pakistan ceased to be members of the Constituent Assembly of India. New elections were held for the West Punjab and East Bengal (which became part of Pakistan, although East Bengal later seceded to become Bangladesh); the membership of the Constituent Assembly was 299 after the reorganization, and it met on 31 December 1947. The Constituent Assembly, consisting of indirectly elected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790076",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\n8 August 1940, a statement was made by Viceroy Lord Linlithgow about the expansion of the Governor-General's Executive Council and the establishment of a War Advisory Council. This offer, known as the August Offer, included giving full weight to minority opinions and allowing Indians to draft their own constitution. Under the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946, elections were held for the first time for the Constituent Assembly. The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, and it was implemented under the Cabinet Mission Plan on 16 May 1946. The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3811164",
"chunk_text": "\"Purushottam Das Tandon\"\nHe was elected to the Constituent Assembly of India in 1946. He tried for the position of the President of the Congress Party unsuccessfully against Pattabhi Sitaramayya in 1948 but contested successfully against Acharya Kriplani in the controversial and difficult 1950 election to head the Nagpur session. He soon resigned from Congress's president post because of differences with Nehru and as Nehru's popularity was needed for winning elections. Nehru, while being the PM, also became the president of Congress for 1951 and 1952. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1952 and the Rajya Sabha in 1956. He retired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16729301",
"chunk_text": "\"V. V. Giri\"\nV. V. Giri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (10 August 1894 – 24 June 1980), commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth president of India from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As president, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as president in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the Bharat Ratna in 1975. Giri died on 24 June 1980. His great grandson V. Giri Shankar is an Advocate of the Madras High Court, Chennai.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13790085",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nB. N. Rau was appointed constitutional adviser to the assembly; Rau prepared the original draft of the constitution, and was later appointed a judge in the Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague. The assembly's work had five stages: The assembly was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad when it met as a constituent body, and by G. V. Mavlankar when it met as a legislative body. It completed the task of drafting a constitution in two years, eleven months and eighteen days, at a total expenditure of ₹6.4 million. The Constituent Assembly appointed a total of 13 committees to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9247393",
"chunk_text": "\"President of India\"\nsubordinate authority) with the help of the Council of Ministers. The president is bound by the constitution to act on the advice of the prime minister and cabinet as long as the advice is not violating the constitution. India achieved independence from the British on 15 August 1947, initially as a dominion within the Commonwealth of Nations with George VI as king, represented in the country by a governor-general. Still, following this, the Constituent Assembly of India, under the leadership of B.R.Ambedkar, undertook the process of drafting a completely new constitution for the country. The Constitution of India was eventually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14552072",
"chunk_text": "\"Ram Nath Kovind\"\nreservation for religious and linguistic minorities in government jobs. Although more recently, the issue was raised in the media if whether or not he was misquoted and that he in fact said “Islam and Christianity are alien to the notion (of caste)” as opposed to what was reported as \"\"nation\"\". Ram Nath Kovind Ram Nath Kovind (born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician currently serving as the 14th President of India, in office since 25 July 2017. Previously he had served as the Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and was a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9247392",
"chunk_text": "\"President of India\"\nPresident of India The President of the Republic of India is the ceremonial head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Parliament of India (both houses) and the legislative assemblies of each of India's states and territories, who themselves are all directly elected. Although the of the Constitution of India states that the president can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority, with few exceptions, all of the executive powers vested in the president are, in practice, exercised by the prime minister (a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16729323",
"chunk_text": "\"V. V. Giri\"\n\"\"Labour Problems in Indian Industry\"\", two popular books on issues of labour in India. His memoirs, published in 1976, are titled \"\"My Life and Times\"\". V. V. Giri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (10 August 1894 – 24 June 1980), commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth president of India from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As president, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as president in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399677",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\nKhan, Northwest Frontier Province: Khan Abdul Ghafar Khan, Khan Sardar Bahadur Khan, Sardar Asad Ullah Jan Khan Sindh: Abdus Sattar Abdur Rahman, Alhajj Muhammad Hashim Gazder, M.A. Khuhro Balochistan: S. B. Nawab Mohammad Khan Jogezai Constituent Assembly of India The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from Great Britain in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. An idea for a Constituent Assembly was proposed in 1934 by M. N. Roy, a pioneer of the Communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democracy. It became an official",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14694015",
"chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislature (Vidhan Bhawan)\"\nGovernment of India Act of 1935. The Governor Shri Ram Naik was a part of it, as heretofore. The Legislative Council consisted of 60 members. The term of a member of the Council was nine years with one-third of its members retiring after every three years. The Houses enjoyed the right of electing their Presiding Officers known as the President. The first meeting of the Legislative Council was held on 29 July 1937. Sir Sitaram and Begum Aijaz Rasul were elected the President and the Vice-President of the Legislative Council respectively. Sir Sitaram was in office till 9 March 1949.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1547929",
"chunk_text": "\"Amit Shah\"\nAmit Shah Amit Anilchandra Shah (born 22 October 1964) is an Indian politician who is currently serving as President of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and as a member of the Rajya Sabha. Shah was elected as an MLA from Sarkhej in four consecutive elections: 1997 (by-election), 1998, 2002 and 2007. He is a close associate of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and held a number of portfolios in the state government during Modi's tenure as Chief Minister of Gujarat. He was MLA from Naranpura, elected in the 2012 elections. Shah was the BJP's in-charge for India's largest and politically most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12051494",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajendra Prasad\"\npreferred to stay in the campus of Bihar Vidyapeeth. He was subsequently awarded the Bharat Ratna, the nation's highest civilian award. He died on 28 February 1963. Rajendra Smriti Sangrahalaya in Patna is dedicated to him. Rajendra Prasad Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was the first President of India, in office from 1952 to 1962. He was an Indian political leader, and lawyer by training, Prasad joined the Indian National Congress during the Indian Independence Movement and became a major leader from the region of Bihar. A supporter of Mahatma Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14584566",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir\"\nConstituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir was a body of representatives elected in 1951 to formulate the constitution of Jammu and Kashmir 1. Maulana Mohammad Sayeed Masudi Amira Kadal 2. Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah Hazratbal 3. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed Safa Kadal 4 Mirza Mohammed Afzal Beg Anantnag 5 Girdhari Lal Dogra Jasmergarh 6 Sham Lal Saraf Habba Kadal 7 Abdul Aziz Shawl Rajouri 8 Abdul Gani Trali Rajpora 9 Abdul Gani Goni Bhalesa 10 Syed Abdul Qadus Beerwah 11 Bakshi Abdul Rashid Charar-i-Sharief 12 Abdul Kabir Khan Bandipora (Gurez) 13 Abdul Khaliq Sanwara 14 Syed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9309492",
"chunk_text": "Patna\nthe Champaran movement against the Indigo plantation and the 1942 Quit India Movement. National leaders who came from the city include Swami Sahajanand Saraswati; the first President of the Constituent Assembly of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad; \"\"Bihar Vibhuti\"\" (Anugrah Narayan Sinha); Basawon Singh (Sinha); and \"\"Loknayak\"\" (Jayaprakash Narayan). Patna remained the capital of Bihar after India gained independence in 1947, even as Bihar was partitioned again in 2000 when Jharkhand became a separate state of the Indian union. On 27 October 2013, six people were killed and 85 others were injured in a series of co-ordinated bombings at an election",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18170195",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent assembly\"\nIndia became an independent nation, and the Constituent Assembly started functioning as India's Parliament. Dr. Ambedkar drafted the Constitution of India in conjunction with the requisite deliberations and debates in the Constituent Assembly. The Assembly approved the Constitution on November 26, 1949 (celebrated as Constitution Day), and it took effect on January 26, 1950 — a day now commemorated as Republic Day in India. Once the Constitution took effect, the Constituent Assembly became the Provisional Parliament of India The Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia was established to draw up a permanent constitution. Its membership was elected in November 1955, and it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8136920",
"chunk_text": "\"Ram Nath Kovind\"\nvotes of 702,044 (65.65%) as compared to 1,844 votes with a value of 367,314 (34.35%) votes for Meira Kumar lagging far behind with 367,314 votes, and 77 votes were invalid. He became only the second Dalit representative to become President after K. R. Narayanan, and also is the first BJP candidate to be elected to the post. The tally of votes (367,314) polled by Meira Kumar is only the second highest for a losing candidate, that of Neelam Sanjiva Reddy in the 1969 Presidential elections being the highest ever; he received 405,427 votes as against 420,077 by V V Giri,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2103640",
"chunk_text": "\"A. P. J. Abdul Kalam\"\nIn 2012, the duo designed a rugged tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the \"\"Kalam-Raju Tablet\"\". Kalam served as the 11th President of India, succeeding K. R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. On 10 June 2002, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at the time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the post of President, and both the Samajwadi Party and the Nationalist Congress",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16399662",
"chunk_text": "\"Constituent Assembly of India\"\ndeal with different tasks of constitution-making. Out of these, eight were major committees and the others were minor committees. Major Committees Madras: Annie Mascarene, O. V. Alagesan, Mrs. Ammu Swaminathan, M. Ananthasayanam Ayyangar, Moturi Satyanarayana, Mrs. Dakshayani Velayudhan, Mrs. G. Durgabai, Kala Venkatarao, N. Gopalaswamy Ayyangar, D. Govinda Das, Revd. Jerome D'Souza, P. Kakkan, T.M. Kaliyannan Gounder, K. Kamaraj, V. C. Kesava Rao, T. T. Krishnamachari, Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer L. Krishnaswami Bharathi, P. Kunhiraman, Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao, V. I. Munuswamy Pillai, M. A. Muthiah Chettiar, V. Nadimuthu Pillai, S. Nagappa, P. L. Narasimha Raju, B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya, C. Perumalswamy Reddy,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12051479",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajendra Prasad\"\nRajendra Prasad Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was the first President of India, in office from 1952 to 1962. He was an Indian political leader, and lawyer by training, Prasad joined the Indian National Congress during the Indian Independence Movement and became a major leader from the region of Bihar. A supporter of Mahatma Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by British authorities during the Salt Satyagraha of 1931 and the Quit India movement of 1942. After the 1946 elections, Prasad served as Minister of Food and Agriculture in the central government. Upon independence in 1947, Prasad was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7150056",
"chunk_text": "\"Syed Hasan Imam\"\nTrustees of the Biharee, the leading English daily of Bihar; he was also one of the founders of the succeeding Searchlight. He died on 19 April 1933 and lies buried at Japala, Shahabad district. Syed Hasan Imam Syed Hasan Imam (31 August 1871 – 19 April 1933) was an Indian politician who served as the President of the Indian National Congress. He was the fourth Muslim (After Badruddin Tyabji, Rahimtulla M. Sayani and Nawab Syed Muhammad Bahadur) to become the President of Indian National Congress. One of his ancestors was the private tutor to Aurangzeb. Hasan Imam's father was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7150024",
"chunk_text": "\"Rahimtulla M. Sayani\"\nRahimtulla M. Sayani Rahimtulla Mahomed Sayani (5 April 1847 – 6 June 1902), was an Indian politician who served as the President of the Indian National Congress for one term, succeeding Surendranath Banerjea. Rahimtullah M Sayani, born in 1847, a century before the Independence of India, belonged to a Khoja Muslim Community, who were the disciples of the Aga Khan. He was associated with the Indian National Congress since its inception and he was one of the two Indian Muslims who attended its First Session of INC held at Bombay in 1885, where \"\"Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee\"\" was elected as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17026355",
"chunk_text": "\"Republic Day (India)\"\nspread over a period of two years, 11 months and 18 days before adopting the Constitution. After many deliberations and some modifications, the 308 members of the Assembly signed two hand-written copies of the document (one each in Hindi and English) on 24 January 1950. Two days later which was on 26 January 1950, it came into effect throughout the whole nation.On that day began Dr. Rajendra Prasad's first term of office as President of the Indian Union. The Constituent Assembly became the Parliament of India under the transitional provisions of the new Constitution.This date is celebrated in India as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15889496",
"chunk_text": "\"National Assembly of Pakistan\"\n11 August 1947, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was elected unanimously as the President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan and the National Flag was formally approved by the Assembly. The Constitution which was passed unanimously by the National Assembly in April 1973, provides a federal parliamentary system of government, with the President as the ceremonial head of the State and an elected Prime Minister as the head of the government. Under Article 50 of the Constitution the federal legislature is the bicameral Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), which comprises the President and the two Houses, the National Assembly and the Senate. The National",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14173717",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian independence movement\"\nsteering efforts by his \"\"iron fist in a velvet glove\"\" policies, exemplified by the use of military force to integrate Junagadh and Hyderabad State into India (Operation Polo). On the other hand, Nehru kept the issue of Kashmir in his hands. The Constituent Assembly, headed by the prominent lawyer, reformer and Dalit leader, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was tasked with creating the constitution of free India. The Constituent Assembly completed the work of drafting the constitution on 26 November 1949; on 26 January 1950, the Republic of India was officially proclaimed. The Constituent Assembly elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17626928",
"chunk_text": "\"President of the Constituent National Assembly\"\nPresident of the Constituent National Assembly The President of the Constituent National Assembly () was the head of state of the Republic of German-Austria and later the First Austrian Republic, as well as the presiding officer of the Constituent National Assembly. The office was only held by Karl Seitz. The President succeeded the State Council in its capacity as head of state. As presiding officer of the Constituent National Assembly, the President succeeded the three Presidents of the Provisional National Assembly. The President in turn was succeeded by the President of Austria as head of state, and by the President",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7338096",
"chunk_text": "\"Ram Nath Kovind\"\nRam Nath Kovind Ram Nath Kovind (born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician currently serving as the 14th President of India, in office since 25 July 2017. Previously he had served as the Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and was a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from 1994 to 2006. Kovind was nominated as a presidential candidate by the ruling NDA coalition and won the 2017 presidential election. Before entering politics, he was a lawyer for 16 years and practiced in the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court until 1993. Kovind was born on 1 October",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_481
|
what is the name of the gap between two front teeth?
|
n/a
|
[
"diastema (plural diastemata)",
"diastema"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20131414",
"chunk_text": "Diastema\nDiastema A diastema (plural diastemata) is a space or gap between two teeth. Many species of mammals have diastemata as a normal feature, most commonly between the incisors and molars. Diastemata are common for children and can exist in adult teeth as well. Diastemata are primarily caused by imbalance in the relationship between the jaw and the size of teeth. If the labial frenulum (lip tissue) pulls, it can also push the teeth apart and cause a diastema between the center of the two front teeth. In humans, the term is most commonly applied to an open space between the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7740586",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary central incisor\"\nfossa and prominent marginal ridges of the teeth. When seen from lingual view, the tooth is said to resemble a shovel and are rotated slightly inward. It is also common to see signs of attrition, which is wear over time from other tooth contact. The lingual of maxillary incisors and the facial of mandibular incisors are the most common places for attrition to occur. When space exists between the contacts of the maxillary central incisors, the condition is referred to as a diastema or \"\"gap tooth.\"\" One frequent cause of the space is the presence of a large labial frenum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18241254",
"chunk_text": "\"Passion gap\"\ngap can result in the laryngoscope blade moving into the artificial gap between the teeth, reducing the available space to pass an endotracheal tube and running the risk of lacerating the entrotracheal tube cuff on the remaining adjacent incisor or canine tooth. Passion gap Passion gap or Cape Flats smile is a dental modification originating in Cape Flats, Cape Town, South Africa in which people deliberately remove the upper front teeth (maxillary incisors) for fashion and status. The practice is popular among lower class Coloureds and has occasionally been done by White and Chinese South Africans in the area. For",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15037071",
"chunk_text": "\"Retromolar space\"\nRetromolar space The retromolar space or retromolar gap is a space at the rear of the mandible, between the back of the last molar and the anterior edge of the ascending ramus where it crosses the alveolar margin. This gap is generally small or absent in modern humans, but it was more often present in Neanderthals, and it was common among some prehistoric Amerindians, such as Arikara and Mandan. The retromolar area of a human mandible is covered by the retromolar pad (also known as the piriformis papilla), an elevated triangular area of mucosa. It is composed of non-keratinized loose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12196341",
"chunk_text": "Premolar\nmesial two (closer to the front of the mouth) have been lost in catarrhines (Old World monkeys and apes, including humans). Paleontologists therefore refer to human premolars as Pm3 and Pm4. Premolar The premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant in the permanent set of teeth, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as 'transitional teeth' during chewing, or mastication. They have properties of both the anterior canines and posterior molars, and so food can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13549433",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental anatomy\"\nfood during chewing. There are no cusps on the teeth. Instead, the surface area of the tooth used in eating is called the incisal ridge or incisal edge. Though similar, there are some minor differences between the primary and permanent incisors. The maxillary central incisors are usually the most visible teeth, since they are the top center two teeth in the front of a mouth, and they are located mesial to the maxillary lateral incisor. The overall length of the deciduous maxillary central incisor is 16 mm on average, with the crown being 6 mm and the root being 10",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13549430",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental anatomy\"\nand the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp. The oblique ridges usually forms the distal boundary of the central fossa. The teeth demonstrating the fewest developmental grooves are the mandibular central and lateral incisors. However, the canines show the most prominent developmental grooves, because they have robust anchorage to the bone. Embrasures are triangularly shaped spaces located between the proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth. The borders of embrasures are formed by the interdental papilla of the gingiva, the adjacent teeth, and the contact point where the two teeth meet. There are four embrasures for every contact area: facial (also called",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20739831",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental arch\"\nDental arch The dental arches are the two arches (crescent arrangements) of teeth, one on each jaw, that together constitute the dentition. In humans and many other species, the superior (maxillary or upper) dental arch is slightly larger than the inferior (mandibular or lower) arch, so that in the normal condition the teeth in the maxilla (upper jaw) slightly overlap those of the mandible (lower jaw) both in front and at the sides. The way that the jaws, and thus the dental arches, approach each other when the mouth closes, which is called the occlusion, determines the occlusal relationship of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9733018",
"chunk_text": "\"Angularis nigra\"\nPeriodontal disease and loss of attachment, resulting in recession. 6. Tooth morphology and abnormal crown and restoration shape; a clinical crown that tends to be triangular in shape can also result in partial interproximal space. Angularis nigra Angularis nigra, Latin for black angle, also known as open gingival embrasures, and colloquially known as \"\"black triangle\"\", is the space or gap seen at the cervical embrasure, below the contact point of some teeth. The interdental papilla does not fully enclose the space, leading to an aperture between adjacent teeth. This gap has many causes including gingival recession, and gingival withdrawal post",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18241251",
"chunk_text": "\"Passion gap\"\nPassion gap Passion gap or Cape Flats smile is a dental modification originating in Cape Flats, Cape Town, South Africa in which people deliberately remove the upper front teeth (maxillary incisors) for fashion and status. The practice is popular among lower class Coloureds and has occasionally been done by White and Chinese South Africans in the area. For many years, Cape Town residents had their upper front teeth extracted due to regional cultural fashion. A 2003 study performed by the University of Cape Town found that the main reasons for extracting teeth were fashion and peer pressure followed by gangsterism",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "851101",
"chunk_text": "\"Interdental papilla\"\nInterdental papilla The interdental papilla, also known as the interdental gingiva, is the part of the gums (gingiva) that exists coronal to the free gingival margin on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth. The interdental papillae fill in the area between the teeth apical to their contact areas to prevent food impaction; they assume a conical shape for the anterior teeth and a blunted shape buccolingually for the posterior teeth. A missing papilla is often visible as a small triangular gap between adjacent teeth. The relationship of interdental bone to the interproximal contact point between adjacent teeth is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11108925",
"chunk_text": "Incisor\nIncisor Incisors (from Latin \"\"incidere\"\", \"\"to cut\"\") are the front teeth present in most mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and on the mandible below. Humans have a total of eight (two on each side, top and bottom). Opossums have 18, whereas armadillos have none. Adult humans normally have eight incisors, two of each type. The types of incisor are: Children with a full set of deciduous teeth (primary teeth) also have eight incisors, named the same way as in permanent teeth. Young children may have from zero to eight incisors depending on the stage of their tooth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4104056",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary central incisor\"\nMaxillary central incisor The maxillary central incisor is a human tooth in the front upper jaw, or maxilla, and is usually the most visible of all teeth in the mouth. It is located mesial (closer to the midline of the face) to the maxillary lateral incisor. As with all incisors, their function is for shearing or cutting food during mastication (chewing). There is typically a single cusp on each tooth, called an incisal ridge or incisal edge. Formation of these teeth begins at 14 weeks in utero for the deciduous (baby) set and 3–4 months of age for the permanent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1248684",
"chunk_text": "Overbite\nanterior teeth in the anterior-posterior axis. \"\"Overbite\"\" may also be used commonly to refer to Class II malocclusion or retrognathia, though this usage can be considered incorrect. This is where the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar is situated anterior to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar; in other words, the mandible (lower jaw) appears too far behind the maxilla. A person presenting with Class II malocclusion may exhibit excessive overbite as well, or may have the opposite problem, which is referred to as openbite (or apertognathia). In the case of apertognathia, the teeth do not overlap",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14737795",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth fusion\"\nTooth fusion The phenomenon of tooth fusion arises through union of two normally separated tooth germs, and depending upon the stage of development of the teeth at the time of union, it may be either complete or incomplete. On some occasions, two independent pulp chambers and root canals can be seen. However, fusion can also be the union of a normal tooth bud to a supernumerary tooth germ. In these cases, the number of teeth is fewer if the anomalous tooth is counted as one tooth. In geminated teeth, division is usually incomplete and results in a large tooth crown",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1551405",
"chunk_text": "\"Posterior teeth\"\nmore accessible than are posterior teeth. Sometimes dental health and choice of dental treatment are influenced by this factor. Posterior teeth In dentistry, the term posterior teeth usually refers as a group to the premolars and molars, as distinguished from the anterior teeth, which are the incisors and canine teeth. The distinction is one of anterior (front of the body) versus posterior (rear of the body). The distinction holds in both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible). As a rough guide, it can be said that the anterior teeth are tailored to biting (breaking the food into chewable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3594041",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary first premolar\"\npremolars would have the same number, \"\"4\"\", but the right one would have the symbol, \"\"┘\"\", underneath it, while the left one would have, \"\"└\"\". The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent maxillary first premolar is known as \"\"14\"\", and the left one is known as \"\"24\"\". Maxillary first premolar The maxillary first premolar is one of two teeth located in the upper jaw, laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both the maxillary canines of the mouth but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1551404",
"chunk_text": "\"Posterior teeth\"\nPosterior teeth In dentistry, the term posterior teeth usually refers as a group to the premolars and molars, as distinguished from the anterior teeth, which are the incisors and canine teeth. The distinction is one of anterior (front of the body) versus posterior (rear of the body). The distinction holds in both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible). As a rough guide, it can be said that the anterior teeth are tailored to biting (breaking the food into chewable chunks) whereas the posterior teeth are tailored to chewing (comminuting the food into swallowable particles). Anterior teeth are inherently",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16031256",
"chunk_text": "Premolar\nPremolar The premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant in the permanent set of teeth, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as 'transitional teeth' during chewing, or mastication. They have properties of both the anterior canines and posterior molars, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars. The premolars in humans are the maxillary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13466975",
"chunk_text": "\"Incisive foramen\"\nIncisive foramen In the human mouth, the incisive foramen, also called anterior palatine foramen, or nasopalatine foramen is a funnel-shaped opening in the bone of the oral hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth where blood vessels and nerves pass. The incisive foramen is continuous with the incisive canal, this foramen or group of foramina is located behind the central incisor teeth in the incisive fossa of the maxilla. The incisive foramen receives the nasopalatine nerves from the floor of the nasal cavity along with the sphenopalatine artery supplying the mucous membrane covering the hard palate of the mouth. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11108928",
"chunk_text": "Incisor\nhumans, the incisors serve to cut off pieces of food, as well as in the grip of other food items. Incisor Incisors (from Latin \"\"incidere\"\", \"\"to cut\"\") are the front teeth present in most mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and on the mandible below. Humans have a total of eight (two on each side, top and bottom). Opossums have 18, whereas armadillos have none. Adult humans normally have eight incisors, two of each type. The types of incisor are: Children with a full set of deciduous teeth (primary teeth) also have eight incisors, named the same way",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15037072",
"chunk_text": "\"Retromolar space\"\nalveolar tissue covering glandular tissues and muscle fibers. Retromolar space The retromolar space or retromolar gap is a space at the rear of the mandible, between the back of the last molar and the anterior edge of the ascending ramus where it crosses the alveolar margin. This gap is generally small or absent in modern humans, but it was more often present in Neanderthals, and it was common among some prehistoric Amerindians, such as Arikara and Mandan. The retromolar area of a human mandible is covered by the retromolar pad (also known as the piriformis papilla), an elevated triangular area",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5541306",
"chunk_text": "\"Labial frenectomy\"\nof the frenulum does not cause any adverse effects to the lip and mouth. Labial frenectomy A labial frenectomy is a form of frenectomy performed on the lip. The labial frenulum often attaches to the center of the upper lip and between the upper two front teeth. This can cause a large gap and gum recession by pulling the gums off the bone. A labial frenectomy removes the labial frenulum. Orthodontic patients often have this procedure done to assist with closing a front tooth gap. When a denture patient's lips move, the frenulum pulls and loosens the denture which can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7117982",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental floss\"\nteeth sides with a normal gingiva contour in which the spaces between teeth are tight and small. The dental term ‘embrasure space’ describes the size of the triangular-shaped space immediately under the contact point of two teeth. The size of the embrasure space is useful in selecting the most appropriate interdental cleaning aid. There are three interproximal embrasure types or classes as described below: The table below describes the types of interdental non-powered self-care products available. The table below describes the different types of Interdental powered self-care products available. The American Dental Association has stated that flossing in combination with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18222307",
"chunk_text": "\"Anterior teeth\"\nAnterior teeth In dentistry, the term anterior teeth usually refers as a group to the incisors and canine teeth as distinguished from the posterior teeth, which are the premolars and molars. The distinction is one of anterior (front of the body) versus posterior (rear of the body). The distinction holds in both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible). As a rough guide, it can be said that the anterior teeth are tailored to biting (breaking the food into chewable chunks) whereas the posterior teeth are tailored to chewing (comminuting the food into swallowable particles). Anterior teeth are inherently",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18222308",
"chunk_text": "\"Anterior teeth\"\nmore accessible than are posterior teeth. Sometimes dental health and choice of dental treatment are influenced by this factor. Anterior teeth In dentistry, the term anterior teeth usually refers as a group to the incisors and canine teeth as distinguished from the posterior teeth, which are the premolars and molars. The distinction is one of anterior (front of the body) versus posterior (rear of the body). The distinction holds in both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible). As a rough guide, it can be said that the anterior teeth are tailored to biting (breaking the food into chewable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1899880",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary second premolar\"\nwould have, \"\"└\"\". The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent maxillary second premolar is known as \"\"15\"\", and the left one is known as \"\"25\"\". Maxillary second premolar The maxillary second premolar is one of two teeth located in the upper jaw, laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both the maxillary first premolars of the mouth but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary first molars. The function of this premolar is similar to that of first molars in regard to grinding being the principal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13466976",
"chunk_text": "\"Incisive foramen\"\nmany other species, the incisive foramina allow for passage of ducts to the vomeronasal organ. Incisive foramen In the human mouth, the incisive foramen, also called anterior palatine foramen, or nasopalatine foramen is a funnel-shaped opening in the bone of the oral hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth where blood vessels and nerves pass. The incisive foramen is continuous with the incisive canal, this foramen or group of foramina is located behind the central incisor teeth in the incisive fossa of the maxilla. The incisive foramen receives the nasopalatine nerves from the floor of the nasal cavity along with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10504116",
"chunk_text": "Prognathism\nPrognathism Prognathism is a positional relationship of the mandible or maxilla to the skeletal base where either of the jaws protrudes beyond a predetermined imaginary line in the coronal plane of the skull. In general dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and orthodontics, this is assessed clinically or radiographically (cephalometrics). The word \"\"prognathism\"\" derives from Greek πρό (\"\"pro\"\", meaning \"\"forward\"\") and γνάθος (\"\"gnáthos\"\", \"\"jaw\"\"). One or more types of prognathism can result in the common condition of malocclusion, in which an individual's top teeth and lower teeth do not align properly. Prognathism in humans can be due to normal variation among",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3594039",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary first premolar\"\nMaxillary first premolar The maxillary first premolar is one of two teeth located in the upper jaw, laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both the maxillary canines of the mouth but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary second premolars. The function of this premolar is similar to that of canines in regard to tearing being the principal action during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are two cusps on maxillary first premolars, and the buccal (closest to the cheek) cusp is sharp enough to resemble the prehensile teeth found in carnivorous animals. There",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14737796",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth fusion\"\nthat has a single root and a single canal. Both gemination and fusion are prevalent in primary dentition, with incisors being more affected. Tooth gemination, in contrast to fusion, arises when two teeth develop from one tooth bud. When the anomalous tooth appears to be two separate teeth, it appears that the patient has an extra tooth, although they have a normal number of tooth roots. In contrast to fusion, concrescence is a term that the roots of 2 or more teeth united by cementum alone after formation of tooth crowns. Tooth fusion The phenomenon of tooth fusion arises through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15268529",
"chunk_text": "Crossbite\ntheir centric relation will show mandibular incisors ahead of the maxillary incisors, which will show the skeletal discrepancy between the two jaws. Bjork defined posterior crossbite as a malocclusion where the buccal cusps of canine, premolar and molar of upper teeth occlude lingually to the buccal cusps of canine, premolar and molar of lower teeth. Posterior crossbite is often correlated to a narrow maxilla and upper dental arch. A posterior crossbite can be unilateral, bilateral, single-tooth or entire segment crossbite. Posterior crossbite has been reported to occur between 7–23% of the population. The most common type of posterior crossbite to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18799607",
"chunk_text": "\"Tooth gemination\"\nTooth gemination Tooth gemination is a dental phenomenon that appears to be two teeth developed from one. There is one main crown with a cleft in it that, within the incisal third of the crown, looks like two teeth, though it is not two teeth. The number of the teeth in the arch will be normal. The phenomenon of gemination arises when two teeth develop from one tooth bud and, as a result, the patient has an extra tooth, in contrast to fusion, where the patient would appear to be missing one tooth. Fused teeth arise through union of two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9733015",
"chunk_text": "\"Angularis nigra\"\nAngularis nigra Angularis nigra, Latin for black angle, also known as open gingival embrasures, and colloquially known as \"\"black triangle\"\", is the space or gap seen at the cervical embrasure, below the contact point of some teeth. The interdental papilla does not fully enclose the space, leading to an aperture between adjacent teeth. This gap has many causes including gingival recession, and gingival withdrawal post orthodontic work. Interdental \"\"black triangles\"\" were rated as the third most disliked aesthetic problem below caries and crown margins. Treatment of angularis nigra often requires an interdisciplinary approach, involving of periodontal; orthodontic and restorative treatment.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10608458",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary lateral incisor\"\nMaxillary lateral incisor The maxillary lateral incisors are a pair of upper (maxillary) teeth that are located laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both maxillary central incisors of the mouth and medially (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary canines. As with all incisors, their function is for shearing or cutting food during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are generally no cusps on the teeth, but the rare condition known as talon cusps are most prevalent on the maxillary lateral incisors. The surface area of the tooth used in eating is called an incisal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1036784",
"chunk_text": "\"Cheek teeth\"\nCheek teeth Cheek teeth or post-canines comprise the molar and premolar teeth in mammals. Cheek teeth are multicuspidate (having many folds or tubercles). Mammals have multicuspidate molars (three in placentals, four in marsupials, in each jaw quadrant) and premolars situated between canines and molars whose shape and number varies considerably among particular groups. Cheek teeth are sometimes separated from the incisors by a gap called a diastema. Cheek teeth in reptiles are much simpler as compared to mammals. Apart from helping grind the food to properly reduce the size of substrates for stomach enzymes, their minor role is in giving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1036786",
"chunk_text": "\"Cheek teeth\"\nacross the globe. Cheek teeth Cheek teeth or post-canines comprise the molar and premolar teeth in mammals. Cheek teeth are multicuspidate (having many folds or tubercles). Mammals have multicuspidate molars (three in placentals, four in marsupials, in each jaw quadrant) and premolars situated between canines and molars whose shape and number varies considerably among particular groups. Cheek teeth are sometimes separated from the incisors by a gap called a diastema. Cheek teeth in reptiles are much simpler as compared to mammals. Apart from helping grind the food to properly reduce the size of substrates for stomach enzymes, their minor role",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4104169",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary lateral incisor\"\nof the length. The distal view of the lateral incisor fits into the geometric shape of a triangle. Citations Bibliography Maxillary lateral incisor The maxillary lateral incisors are a pair of upper (maxillary) teeth that are located laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both maxillary central incisors of the mouth and medially (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary canines. As with all incisors, their function is for shearing or cutting food during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are generally no cusps on the teeth, but the rare condition known as talon cusps are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5541305",
"chunk_text": "\"Labial frenectomy\"\nLabial frenectomy A labial frenectomy is a form of frenectomy performed on the lip. The labial frenulum often attaches to the center of the upper lip and between the upper two front teeth. This can cause a large gap and gum recession by pulling the gums off the bone. A labial frenectomy removes the labial frenulum. Orthodontic patients often have this procedure done to assist with closing a front tooth gap. When a denture patient's lips move, the frenulum pulls and loosens the denture which can be uncomfortable. This surgery is often done to help dentures fit better. The removal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7641423",
"chunk_text": "Orthodontics\none-third to two-thirds overlap of the upper incisor to the lower incisor. An incomplete overbite is when the lower incisors do not occlude with the opposing upper incisors or the palatal mucosa when the buccal segment teeth are in occlusion. Crossbite: A deviation from the normal bucco-lingual relationship. These can either be anterior or posterior but also unilateral or bilateral. Crossbites can be further broken down into Anterior open bite: there is no vertical overlap of the incisors when the buccal segment teeth are in occlusion.<br>Posterior open bite: when the teeth are in occlusion there is a space between the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5212036",
"chunk_text": "\"Cracked tooth syndrome\"\nCracked tooth syndrome Cracked tooth syndrome (abbreviated to CTS, and also termed cracked cusp syndrome, split tooth syndrome, or incomplete fracture of posterior teeth), is where a tooth has incompletely cracked but no part of the tooth has yet broken off. Sometimes it is described as a greenstick fracture. The symptoms are very variable, making it a notoriously difficult condition to diagnose. Cracked tooth syndrome could be considered a type of dental trauma and also one of the possible causes of dental pain. One definition of cracked tooth syndrome is \"\"a fracture plane of unknown depth and direction passing through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12848149",
"chunk_text": "Mandible\nProcesses The mandible has two main holes (foramina), found on both its right and left sides: The Inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of the mandibular nerve, (a major division of the trigeminal nerve), enters the mandibular foramen and runs forward in the mandibular canal, supplying sensation to the teeth. At the mental foramen, the nerve divides into two terminal branches: incisive and mental nerves. The incisive nerve runs forward in the mandible and supplies the anterior teeth. The mental nerve exits the mental foramen and supplies sensation to the lower lip. Males generally have squarer, stronger, and larger mandibles than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17448248",
"chunk_text": "\"Alveolar ridge\"\nAlveolar ridge The alveolar ridge (; also known as the alveolar margin) is one of the two jaw ridges, extensions of the mandible or maxilla, either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth. Most of the roof of one's mouth is the hard palate and the soft palate. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli, singular \"\"alveolus\"\") of the teeth. They can be felt with the tongue in the area right above the top teeth or below the bottom teeth. Its surface",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17996924",
"chunk_text": "\"Intergluteal cleft\"\ndischarge, which is known as a pilonidal sinus. Medical synonyms for the intergluteal cleft include \"\"gluteal cleft\"\", \"\"natal cleft\"\", \"\"anal cleft\"\", \"\"clunial cleft\"\", \"\"crena analis\"\", \"\"crena ani\"\", \"\"crena interglutealis\"\", and \"\"rima ani\"\". Intergluteal cleft The intergluteal cleft, also known medically by various synonyms and colloquially as the butt crack or ass crack, is the groove between the buttocks that runs from just below the sacrum to the perineum, so named because it forms the visible border between the external rounded protrusions of the gluteus maximus muscles. The intergluteal cleft is located superior to the anus. Ingrown hair can obstruct hair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4113815",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary second premolar\"\nMaxillary second premolar The maxillary second premolar is one of two teeth located in the upper jaw, laterally (away from the midline of the face) from both the maxillary first premolars of the mouth but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both maxillary first molars. The function of this premolar is similar to that of first molars in regard to grinding being the principal action during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are two cusps on maxillary second premolars, but both of them are less sharp then those of the maxillary first premolars. There are no deciduous (baby)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17051861",
"chunk_text": "\"Interdental plate\"\nThe term can also be used to refer to a manufactured object designed to be placed or worn between the teeth. An example would be a dental prosthetic designed to prevent contact between the teeth while the wearer is sleeping. relates to an apparatus designed to measure the pressure exerted by the tongue as a means of diagnosing ailments related to swallowing. Interdental plate The interdental plate refers to the bone-filled mesial-distal region between the teeth. The word \"\"\"\"interdental\"\"\"\" is a combination of \"\"\"\"inter\"\"\"\" + \"\"\"\"dental\"\"\"\" (meaning \"\"\"\"between the teeth\"\"\"\") which originated in approximately 1870. In paleobiology, the presence or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6287659",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary central incisor\"\nfrom the upper lip extending near the teeth. Treatment depends upon the cause and extent of the gap. Periodontal surgery may be required to reduce the frenum. A small space may be corrected with a filling, veneer, or crown. Larger spaces may require orthodontics. The maxillary incisors, both the central and lateral, are the most likely teeth to have a talon cusp, which is an extra cusp on the lingual surface. Talon cusps range from less than 1% to 6% of the population, and 33% of cases occur on the permanent maxillary central incisor. Deciduous teeth are unlikely to have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13317067",
"chunk_text": "\"Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis\"\nMaxillary lateral incisor agenesis Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) is lack of development (agenesis) of one or both of the maxillary lateral incisor teeth. In normal human dentition, this would be the second tooth on either side from the center of the top row of teeth. The condition is bilateral if the incisor is absent on both sides or unilateral if only one is smissing. It appears to have a genetic component. Because MLIA can be detected from partial skeletal remains, it is useful in the field of anthropology. Anthropologically-interesting human remains often have relatively well preserved skeletons, but no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6670531",
"chunk_text": "\"Occlusion (dentistry)\"\nOcclusion (dentistry) Occlusion, in a dental context, means simply the contact between teeth. More technically, it is the relationship between the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth when they approach each other, as occurs during chewing or at rest. Malocclusion is the misalignment of teeth and jaws, or more simply, a \"\"bad bite\"\". Malocclusion can cause a number of health and dental problems. Malocclusion occurs as a result of disturbances in normal occlusal development. Static occlusion refers to contact between teeth when the jaw is closed and stationary, while dynamic occlusion refers to occlusal contacts made when the jaw is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7926030",
"chunk_text": "\"Neutral zone (dentistry)\"\nNeutral zone (dentistry) In dentistry, the neutral zone refers to that space in the oral cavity where the forces exerted by the musculature of the tongue are equal and balanced with the forces exerted by the buccinator muscle of the cheek laterally and the orbicularis oris muscle anteriorly. In other words, it is the \"\"potential space\"\" between the lips and cheeks on one side and the tongue on the other; where the \"\"forces\"\" between the two are \"\"equal\"\". Other synonyms include: zone of equilibrium, zone of minimal conflict, potential denture space and dead space. It is in this zone that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_482
|
deep water fishing boat with many baited hooks?
|
n/a
|
[
"Longline fishing",
"Longliners",
"Longline"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10421197",
"chunk_text": "\"Recreational boat fishing\"\nspool reels are being used more and more. Baits are similar to those used for beach and rock fishing except they are often larger since larger fish are targeted. The species will include all the beach species, but now also include big conger eels and small sharks like tope and smoothhound. Offshore boat fishing, sometimes called deep sea or open water fishing, is fishing in deep water (more than 30 metres) and at some distance from land. It is dangerous compared to shallow water or lake fishing. More knowledge is needed about weather patterns, navigation and safety precautions, and this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8722842",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing trawler\"\nFishing trawler A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig). There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful the trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19449991",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing vessel\"\na newspaper report at that time, the \"\"Crete\"\" had \"\"a deep cockpit, a chair fitted for landing big fish and leather pockets for placing the pole.\"\" It is difficult to estimate how many recreational fishing boats there are, although the number is high. The term is fluid, since most recreational boats are also used for fishing from time to time. Unlike most commercial fishing vessels, recreational fishing boats are often not dedicated just to fishing. Fishing vessel A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19449959",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing vessel\"\nFishing vessel A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial, artisanal and recreational fishing. According to the FAO, there are currently (2004) four million commercial fishing vessels. About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars. These",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4717953",
"chunk_text": "Basnig\nstern of the boat, two on both sides on the first section of the boat, two on both sides on the midsection of the boat and two again on the last part of the boat each of the bamboos has a pulley and cable attached to the net with molded lead as weight [pabigat]. They use huge nets and gas powered lights to attract fish after dark. The captain (piloto) of the ship observes the water, fish movements under the boat and estimates how deep the net should go then asks the crew to get ready. During the preparation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9627288",
"chunk_text": "\"Recreational boat fishing\"\nbe very large and heavy tackle is needed. Fishing is usually done with sea rods, such as downtide rods, with lines of 30 to 50 pounds and multiplier reels. Baits are the same as for inshore fishing and include squid and whole mackerel as well as artificial lures such as perks. Fishing takes place over reefs and wrecks for very large cod, ling and congers. Recreational boat fishing Recreational fishermen usually fish either from a boat or from a shoreline or river bank. When fishing from a boat, or fishing vessel, most fishing techniques can be used, from nets to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19449968",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing vessel\"\nbait, three tonnes of salt, half a tonne each of food and firewood for the crew, and return with six tonnes of fish. Decked areas forward and aft probably provided accommodation, storage and a cooking area. An anchor would have allowed extended periods fishing in the same spot, in waters up to 18 metres deep. The dogger would also have carried a small open boat for maintaining lines and rowing ashore. A precursor to the dory type was the early French bateau type, a flat bottom boat with straight sides used as early as 1671 on the Saint Lawrence River.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3983683",
"chunk_text": "\"Recreational boat fishing\"\nRecreational boat fishing Recreational fishermen usually fish either from a boat or from a shoreline or river bank. When fishing from a boat, or fishing vessel, most fishing techniques can be used, from nets to fish traps, but some form of angling is by far the most common. Compared to fishing from the land, fishing from a boat allows more access to different fishing grounds and different species of fish. Inshore boat fishing is fishing from a boat in easy sight of land and in water less than about 30 metres deep. The boat can be as small as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19449989",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing vessel\"\nare double-outrigger craft, consisting of a narrow main hull with two attached outriggers, commonly known as \"\"jukung\"\" in Indonesia and \"\"banca\"\" in the Philippines. Recreational fishing is done for pleasure or sport, and not for profit or survival. Just about anything that will stay afloat can be called a recreational fishing boat, so long as a fisher periodically climbs aboard with the intent to catch a fish. Usually some form of fishing tackle is brought on board, such as hooks, lines, sinkers or nets. Fish are caught for recreational purposes from boats which range from dugout canoes, kayaks, rafts, pontoon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13280055",
"chunk_text": "\"Remote control fishing\"\nfishing boat should be: - water tight up to a certain depth - if pulled down by larger fish, it should stay operational after being submerged, - visible from long distances - if fishermen lose the RC boat out of sight, it is very hard to bring it back again, - have enclosed propellers or small jets - fishing lines, sea-grass and various debris can get entangled around unprotected propellers and can prevent the RC boat from operating normally, - rudder should be omitted or should be enclosed with propellers - if two electric engines are used, rudder can be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6083036",
"chunk_text": "Well-boat\nWell-boat A well-boat is a fishing vessel with a well or tank for the storage and transport of live fish. The term was first used in the 17th century. Before modern refrigeration methods, well-boats allowed for the delivery of live fish to port. Contemporary well-boats are used in the extensive aquaculture industry. These vessels can be used to transport smolt to sea, to bring them from aquaculture sites for processing and to sort and delouse fish. A well boat can also refer to a mullet boat or skiff, a small (shallow) draft recreational fishing boat with an outboard motor in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20786234",
"chunk_text": "\"Bass boat\"\nBass boat A bass boat is a small boat that is designed and equipped primarily for bass fishing or fishing for other panfish, usually in freshwater such as lakes, rivers and streams. The modern bass boat features swivel chairs that permit the angler to cast to any position around the boat, storage bins for fishing tackle and equipment such as rods and lures, and a live well with recirculating water where caught fish may be stored and kept alive. Bass boats are usually propelled by two means: an outboard motor, which moves the boat swiftly from place to place; and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13814521",
"chunk_text": "\"Lift net\"\nplaced near beaches or riverbanks. Boat-operated lift nets are lift nets operated from water vessels. They may be lifted up by hand or by mechanical winches. They usually utilize several long poles attached to one side of the boat or surrounding the boat. Bait or a strong source of light is used to attract the fish. Lift net Lift nets, also called lever nets, are a method of fishing using nets that are submerged to a certain depth and then lifted out of the water vertically. The nets can be flat or shaped like a bag, a rectangle, a pyramid,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "180815",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing trawler\"\nStates cooperative which operates a fleet of 24 bottom trawlers in Alaskan water reported 25 fatalities over the period 2001–2012. The risk of a fatal injury was 41 times higher than the average for workers in the United States. Fishing trawler A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20734197",
"chunk_text": "\"Punt (boat)\"\nPunt (boat) A punt is a flat-bottomed boat with a square-cut bow, designed for use in small rivers or other shallow water. Punting refers to boating in a punt. The punter generally propels the punt by pushing against the river bed with a pole. A punt should not be confused with a gondola, a shallow draft vessel that is structurally different, and which is propelled by an oar rather than a pole. Punts were originally built as cargo boats or platforms for fowling and angling, but in modern times their use is almost exclusively confined to pleasure trips with passengers.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11965299",
"chunk_text": "Trawling\nTrawling Trawling is a method of fishing that involves pulling a fishing net through the water behind one or more boats. The net that is used for trawling is called a trawl. The boats that are used for trawling are called trawlers or draggers. Trawlers vary in size from small open boats with as little as 30 hp (22 kW) engines to large factory trawlers with over 10,000 hp (7.5 MW). Trawling can be carried out by one trawler or by two trawlers fishing cooperatively (pair trawling). Trawling can be contrasted with trolling, where baited fishing lines instead of trawls",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11738933",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneak boat hunting\"\nSneak boat hunting Sneak boat hunting is a sub specialty of traditional waterfowl hunting used for diver ducks which is done in a low profile canoe looking boat that is some times motorized and made of a unique designs to allow hunter to maintain a close position to the water in order to conceal them in open water and allow them to drift into rafts of ducks using the wind. Most laws allow sneak boats to be paddled to increase the speed need to reach open water rafts of ducks. These boats often have some type of fall-away concealment which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6894325",
"chunk_text": "\"Trolling (fishing)\"\na steel cable. A clip called a \"\"line release\"\" attaches the fishing line to the weight, and the bait or lure is attached to the release. The fishing line is reeled in by a spool powered either by manual cranking or by an electric motor. Using a downrigger can be hazardous. For example, man-made reservoirs can contain submerged trees and other structures beneath the surface which downriggers can snag. Paravanes (underwater kites) are sometimes used as depth controlling devices, particularly in commercial tuna fishing operations. These kites have various shapes, such as arrowhead paravanes, flexi-wing paravanes, and bi-wing paravanes. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19351070",
"chunk_text": "\"Layout hunting\"\nLayout hunting Layout boat hunting is a sub specialty of traditional waterfowl hunting which is done in a low-profile un-motorized boat made of a unique design to allow hunter to maintain a close position to the water in order to conceal them in open water. This is a sport with a long history going back to market hunters and punt boats mounted with small cannons. The main focus of the layout boat is to put the hunter very close to the decoys if not in them for additional concealment. This makes for very dramatic hunting scenarios where a decoying bird",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6770944",
"chunk_text": "Fishing\nbaits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes. Tackle that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle. This includes hooks, sinkers, floats, leaders, swivels, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures. People also tend to used dead or live fish as another form of bait. Fishing tackle refers to the physical equipment that is used when fishing, whereas fishing techniques refers to the ways the tackle is used when fishing. A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6770946",
"chunk_text": "Fishing\nrecreational fishing boats there are, although the number is high. The term is fluid, since most recreational boats are also used for fishing from time to time. Unlike most commercial fishing vessels, recreational fishing boats are often not dedicated just to fishing. Just about anything that will stay afloat can be called a recreational fishing boat, so long as a fisherman periodically climbs aboard with the intent to catch a fish. Fish are caught for recreational purposes from boats which range from dugout canoes, kayaks, rafts, pontoon boats and small dinghies to runabouts, cabin cruisers and cruising yachts to large,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14399544",
"chunk_text": "\"Midwater trawling\"\nMidwater trawling Midwater trawling is trawling, or net fishing, at a depth that is higher in the water column than the bottom of the ocean. It is contrasted with bottom trawling. Midwater trawling is also known as pelagic trawling and bottom trawling as benthic trawling. In midwater trawling, a cone-shaped net can be towed behind a single boat and spread by trawl doors, or it can be towed behind two boats (pair trawling) which act as the spreading device. Midwater trawling catches pelagic fish such as anchovies, shrimp, tuna and mackerel, whereas bottom trawling targets both bottom living fish (groundfish)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6646358",
"chunk_text": "\"Striped bass fishing\"\na heavy weight is attached to a three-way swivel. The lure is attached to the other part of the swivel, with the main line rising from the third part. This allows the boater to troll a lure down near the bottom where the larger fish are, without having to let out too much line near the bridge. Fishing for stripers from a boat requires good knowledge of tidal conditions and how they relate to feeding patterns of stripers. Boat-fishing techniques include trolling live bait or artificial lures, drifting or 'livelining' live bait such as eels, bunker or other baitfish, bottom-fishing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4829487",
"chunk_text": "\"Boat hook\"\nBoat hook A boat hook is part of boating equipment. Its most common use is as a docking and undocking aid. It may be similar to a pike pole, however it must have a blunt tip, for pushing during undocking, with a hook for docking. In addition, it may have a line attached to the other end, which may have a ring for this purpose. It may be also used for pulling things out of water, such as debris or people, as well as for other fetching tasks. In the Royal Navy, during ceremonial occasions the Ceremonial Boat Hook Drill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6083037",
"chunk_text": "Well-boat\na well in the middle of boat. Well-boat A well-boat is a fishing vessel with a well or tank for the storage and transport of live fish. The term was first used in the 17th century. Before modern refrigeration methods, well-boats allowed for the delivery of live fish to port. Contemporary well-boats are used in the extensive aquaculture industry. These vessels can be used to transport smolt to sea, to bring them from aquaculture sites for processing and to sort and delouse fish. A well boat can also refer to a mullet boat or skiff, a small (shallow) draft recreational",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5375359",
"chunk_text": "\"Recreational boat fishing\"\ndinghy. It can be a row boat, a runabout, an inflatable or a small cabin cruiser. Inshore boats are typically small enough to be carried on a trailer, and are much more affordable than offshore fishing boats. In recent times fishing from a kayak has become popular. Anglers either use an uptide rod between 9 and 10 feet in length to cast from the boat or a shorter downtide rod between 6 and 8 feet. Lines are usually between 18 pounds and 50 pounds breaking strain dependent on the species of fish being targeted. Reels are usually multipliers, although fixed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2592603",
"chunk_text": "\"Jon boat\"\nJon boat A jon boat (or johnboat) is a flat-bottomed boat constructed of aluminum, fiberglass, or wood with one, two, or three bench seats. They are suitable for fishing and hunting. The hull of a jon boat is nearly flat, therefore it tends to ride \"\"over\"\" the waves rather than cut \"\"through\"\" them as a V-hull might, thus limiting the use of the boat to calmer waters. Jon boats typically have a transom onto which an outboard motor can be mounted. They are simple and easy to maintain, and inexpensive with many options to upgrade. Typical options might include live",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18666798",
"chunk_text": "\"Bass boat\"\nmore sharply V’ed hull form and are designed for higher speeds. Bass boat A bass boat is a small boat that is designed and equipped primarily for bass fishing or fishing for other panfish, usually in freshwater such as lakes, rivers and streams. The modern bass boat features swivel chairs that permit the angler to cast to any position around the boat, storage bins for fishing tackle and equipment such as rods and lures, and a live well with recirculating water where caught fish may be stored and kept alive. Bass boats are usually propelled by two means: an outboard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10214292",
"chunk_text": "\"Bank fishing\"\ninvolved in owning a boat. Compared to bank fishing, boat fishing provides access to prime areas with greater ease and speed. Also, bank fishing doesn’t allow access to fishing areas that are too far away from the bank. Boat fishing allows fishing for deep water fish, such as lake trout, that may be impossible for bank fishermen to catch. A boat also allows fishing methods not available to bank fishermen such as trolling, deep water jigging, or down rigger fishing. There are many things to take into consideration during and before bank fishing, and many of them depend on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13093264",
"chunk_text": "\"Fishing line\"\na line is drawn through the water. Trolling from a moving boat is a technique of big-game fishing and is used to catch large open-water species such as tuna and marlin. Trolling is also a freshwater angling technique often used to catch salmon, northern pike, muskellunge and walleye. This technique allows anglers to cover a large body of water in a short time. Long-line fishing, also known as a trot line is a commercial fishing technique that uses many baited hooks hanging from a single line. Snagging is a technique where the object is to hook the fish in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5570171",
"chunk_text": "Fathom\ncalled \"\"skates\"\", each consisting of several hundred fathoms of groundline, with gangions and hooks attached. A \"\"tuck seine\"\" or \"\"tuck net\"\" about 70 fathoms long (), and very deep in the middle, was used to take fish from a larger seine. A \"\"line\"\" attached to a whaling harpoon was about 150 fathoms long (). A \"\"forerunner\"\" — a piece of cloth tied on a ship's log line some fathoms from the outboard end — marked the limit of drift line. A \"\"kite\"\" was a drag, towed under water at any depth up to about 40 fathoms, which upon striking bottom,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1960664",
"chunk_text": "\"Black scabbardfish\"\nsurgery. The black scabbardfish are deep-sea creatures, existing in abundance in between 800 and 1300 meters deep. They are mainly captured in mixed trawl fisheries along with other deep-water species, and are highly vulnerable to overfishing. The Marine Conservation Society ranks this species as a number five out of five on the sustainability chart. This means that the species is vital to their ecosystem. Preservation of this species is highly recommended. However, this species is of high commercial importance, with annual catches reaching up to 14,000 tonnes. The high abundances of this species are declining in some areas of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6116062",
"chunk_text": "\"Layout boat\"\nLayout boat A layout boat is a low-profile un-motorized oval-like boat that is used by diver duck hunters to hide in when hunting in open water. They are unique to a specialized form of waterfowl hunting called Layout hunting. Most layout boats are used for diver duck or ocean duck hunting where open deep water waterfowl species frequent. Sometimes they are deployed in marshes for more traditional puddle duck hunting or goose hunting. Layout boats come in designs such as pumpkin seed, oval, box like just to name a few. They come in one- and two-man models. These boats are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16176495",
"chunk_text": "Billfish\nfor elusive blue marlin and sailfish in the deep blue water about 60 miles out.\"\" A lot of resources are committed to the activity, particularly in the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit. These are expensive purpose-built offshore vessels with powerfully driven deep sea hulls. They are often built to luxury standards and equipped with many technologies to ease the life of the deep sea recreational fisherman, including outriggers, flying bridges and fighting chairs, and state of the art fishfinders and navigation electronics. The boats cruise along the edge of the continental",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13280058",
"chunk_text": "\"Remote control fishing\"\nthan brushed electric motors, - boat should be able to achieving various (trolling) speeds, not just to have simple motors 'off and on'. etc. There are several fishing methods that are usually employed: - A section of fishing line and baited hook are permanently attached to a remote control boat. Using remote control, bait is positioned on desired location and fishermen either wait for a fish to strike or use RC boat for trolling. The limitation of this method is if a big fish is hooked, there is a risk of the fish pulling the remote control boat underwater. -",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13677090",
"chunk_text": "\"Traditional fishing boat\"\ncovered with bark of a birch tree, pitched to make it waterproof. Typically canoes are propelled with paddles, often by two people. Paddlers face in the direction of travel, either seated on supports in the hull, or kneeling directly upon the hull. Paddles can be single-bladed or double-bladed. A pirogue is a small, flat-bottomed boat of a design associated particularly with West African fishermen and the Cajuns of the Louisiana marsh. These are usually dugouts, and are light and small enough to be easily taken onto land. The design allows the pirogue to move through the very shallow water of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4829488",
"chunk_text": "\"Boat hook\"\nmust be performed during berthing and unberthing. Boat hook A boat hook is part of boating equipment. Its most common use is as a docking and undocking aid. It may be similar to a pike pole, however it must have a blunt tip, for pushing during undocking, with a hook for docking. In addition, it may have a line attached to the other end, which may have a ring for this purpose. It may be also used for pulling things out of water, such as debris or people, as well as for other fetching tasks. In the Royal Navy, during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "455421",
"chunk_text": "\"Trolling (fishing)\"\none or more trolling lines. The trolling lines are fishing lines with natural or artificial baited hooks trailed by a vessel near the surface or at a certain depth. Several lines can be towed at the same time using outriggers to keep the lines apart. The lines can be hauled in manually or by small winches. A length of rubber is often included in each line as a shock absorber. The trolling line is towed at a speed depending on the target species, from 2.3 knots up to at least 7 knots. Trollers range from small open boats to large",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4604703",
"chunk_text": "\"Kite fishing\"\nit sticks out right before the dorsal fin. Then take the leader with a hook attached to that and put it through the loop on the wire and attach it and hook it through the fishes nose. This way the fish can still swim freely. With four to six bait fish skimming along the surface your boat is almost guaranteed to get a hook up. When the fish does finally bite the hook and run with it the line it comes out of the clip on the main kite line and is only on the tackle rod. Once you have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11738935",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneak boat hunting\"\nis to put the hunter very close to the decoys or rafts of live waterfowl if not directly into them for additional closer shooting. This makes for very dramatic hunting scenarios where rafting waterfowl comes extremely close to the hunter and boat. Most sneak boats are used for diver duck or ocean duck hunting where an open deep water waterfowl species frequent. Sometimes they are deployed in marshes for more traditional puddle duck hunting or goose hunting. They are also referred to as sculling. Open water sneak boat hunters are well known to be a hearty bunch and are known",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "923107",
"chunk_text": "\"Bottom fishing\"\nBottom fishing Bottom fishing, called legering in the United Kingdom, is fishing the bottom of a body of water. A common rig for fishing on the bottom is a weight tied to the end of the line, and a hook about an inch up line from the weight. The method can be used both with hand lines and rod fishing. The weight can also be used to cast or throw the line to an appropriate distance. Bottom fishing can be done both from boats and from the land. Bottom fishing targets groundfish such as sucker fish, bream, catfish, and crappie.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13280056",
"chunk_text": "\"Remote control fishing\"\nomitted and boat steering is done using electric motors, - have low center of gravity - boat is stable and can handle bad weather, waves and wind, - should be mono-hull - mono-hull RC boats with low center of gravity always position them properly (even after being fully upside down) and, if they are water tight, can resume operation right away. Catamaran RC fishing boats are very stable boats, but when turned upside-down due to wind, waves, fish etc., they are unable to return to proper position on their own. Regardless of hull type, hulls should be strong, durable and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6025570",
"chunk_text": "Dory\non a rope that can be thrown to either the bow or stern to adjust trim in different sea conditions. Unlike a conventional wide bottom dinghy it is dangerous to sit or stand in the extreme ends due to the minimal displacement. Modern designs, like their traditional counterparts, gain significant stability when heavily laden amidships. Dory A dory is a small, shallow-draft boat, about long. It is usually a lightweight boat with high sides, a flat bottom and sharp bows. They are easy to build because of their simple lines. For centuries, dories have been used as traditional fishing boats,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2453483",
"chunk_text": "\"Layout boat\"\nboats are often placed within the decoy spread, so the decoys help further conceal the sides of the boat. Layout boat A layout boat is a low-profile un-motorized oval-like boat that is used by diver duck hunters to hide in when hunting in open water. They are unique to a specialized form of waterfowl hunting called Layout hunting. Most layout boats are used for diver duck or ocean duck hunting where open deep water waterfowl species frequent. Sometimes they are deployed in marshes for more traditional puddle duck hunting or goose hunting. Layout boats come in designs such as pumpkin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17326216",
"chunk_text": "\"Commercial fishing\"\none man with a small boat with hand-casting nets or a few pot traps, to a huge fleet of trawlers processing tons of fish every day. Commercial fishing gears in use today include surrounding nets (e.g. purse seine), seine nets (e.g. beach seine), trawls (e.g. bottom trawl), dredges, hooks and lines (e.g. long line and handline), lift nets, gillnets, entangling nets, Pole and Line, and traps Commercial fishing gear is specifically designed and updated to avoid catching certain species of animal that is unwanted or endangered. Billions of dollars are spent each year in researching/developing new techniques to reduce the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1882509",
"chunk_text": "\"NOAAS Henry B. Bigelow (R 225)\"\nphysical process studies, \"\"Henry B. Bigelow\"\" was commissioned as the second of a class of five of the most advanced fisheries research vessels in the world, with a unique capability to conduct both fishing and oceanographic research. She is a stern trawler with fishing capabilities similar to those of commercial fishing vessels. She is rigged for longlining and trap fishing and can conduct trawling operations to depths of 6,000 feet (1,829 meters). Her most advanced feature is the incorporation of United States Navy-type acoustic quieting technology to enable NOAA scientists to monitor fish populations without the ships noise altering the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9767271",
"chunk_text": "\"Longline fishing\"\nthousands of baited hooks can hang from a single line. Longliners – fishing vessels rigged for longlining – commonly target swordfish, tuna, halibut, sablefish and many other species. In some unstable fisheries, such as the Patagonian toothfish, fishermen may be limited to as few as 25 hooks per line. In contrast, commercial longliners in certain robust fisheries of the Bering Sea and North Pacific generally run over 2,500 hand-baited hooks on a single series of connected lines many miles in length. Longlines can be set to hang near the surface (pelagic longline) to catch fish such as tuna and swordfish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16149400",
"chunk_text": "\"Float tube\"\nFloat tube A float tube, also known as a belly boat or kick boat, is a small, lightweight inflatable fishing craft which anglers use to fish from. They were originally doughnut-shaped boats with an underwater seat in the \"\"hole\"\", but modern designs include a V-shape with pontoons on either side and the seat raised above the water allowing the legs of the angler to be the only part of his body to be submerged. Float tubes are used for many aspects of fishing, such as flyfishing for trout or lure fishing for largemouth bass, and enable the angler to fish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18880255",
"chunk_text": "\"Long-tail boat\"\nLong-tail boat The long-tail boat, (; ) is a type of watercraft native to Southeast Asia, which uses a common automotive engine as a readily available and maintainable powerplant. A craft designed to carry passengers on a river may include a lightweight long canoe hull, up to 30 metres, and a canopy. There is much variation among these boats, some have evolved from traditional craft types, while others have a more improvised look—the sole defining characteristic is a secondhand car or truck engine. This engine is invariably mounted on an inboard turret-like pole which can rotate through 180 degrees, allowing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799229",
"chunk_text": "Boating\ntimes longer than the depth of the water in the anchorage. A seven to eight foot chain should also be attached between the rope and the anchor in order to reduce the angle of the pull on the anchor facilitated by the chain sinking and lying on the bottom. This is important because in order for the anchor to be effective, the pull must be at a shallow angle rather than vertically. A vertical pull on the anchor will result in the anchor breaking out of the bottom sediment and is used as a technique to break the anchor's hold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_483
|
who drove the number 18 car in nascar?
|
n/a
|
[
"Kyle Busch"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16750405",
"chunk_text": "\"NASCAR Cup Series career of Jeff Gordon\"\nPictures had already held the trademarks for No. 46, which had been used in the movie \"\"Days of Thunder\"\". Since the 1950 season, the No. 24 has been used by 65 drivers. With a win in the 1994 Coca-Cola 600, Gordon became the first driver to take the number to victory lane; he remains the only driver to do so as of the 2017 season. Gordon drove the No. 88 during his 2016 role as a reserve driver, splitting the car with Alex Bowman. Dale Earnhardt Jr. returned to the car for his final Cup season in 2017. Since 1950,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "21012520",
"chunk_text": "\"NASCAR Cup Series career of Jeff Gordon\"\nBowman, who drove at Loudon when Gordon was on vacation, drove at Michigan); he made further starts at the Richmond, Dover and Martinsville races. He recorded his best finish of the season at Martinsville with a sixth-place run. Gordon has claimed that his favorite number is 16, and that he originally wanted to use it in NASCAR; however, the No. 16 belonged to Roush Racing driver Wally Dallenbach Jr. when Gordon entered the Cup Series. Additionally, Gordon's stepfather John Bickford had stated that Gordon's number was supposed to be 46, but when he had attempted to license the number, Paramount",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16225550",
"chunk_text": "\"Retired number\"\nthe 2001 Daytona 500. Following his death, Earnhardt's old team changed to the number 29, and the replacement driver (Kevin Harvick) drove the 29 car through the 2013 season. Dale Earnhardt Jr. made two special appearances in a number 3 car in the Busch Series in 2002 and again in the renamed Nationwide Series on July 2, 2010 at Daytona, but otherwise the number 3 was absent from all three national touring series until 2009, when Austin Dillon drove a number 3 in the Camping World Truck Series. Dillon is the grandson of Earnhardt's longtime friend and car owner Richard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12789728",
"chunk_text": "\"Hendrick Motorsports\"\nto No. 24. On October 10, 2018, Hendrick Motorsports announced that Chad Knaus will take over crew chief duties of the No. 24 in 2019 while Grubb will be promoted to a technical director role. After the 2017 season, the No. 24 car driven by Chase Elliott was renumbered to the No. 9 in honor of Elliott's father, 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series Champion Bill Elliott. After struggling throughout the first half of the 2018 season, Elliott scored his first stage win at the New Hampshire race. On August 5, 2018, Elliott scored his first cup win at the Watkins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13556863",
"chunk_text": "\"Kyle Busch\"\nplayable driver in \"\"Forza Motorsport 6\"\", via the NASCAR expansion pack. The expansion features twenty-four paint schemes from the 2016 Sprint Cup Series season, including Busch's No. 18 Camry with primary sponsorship from M&M's and Interstate Batteries. Busch, along with Chase Elliott and Jimmie Johnson, provide commentary in the expansion as the \"\"voices of motorsport.\"\" Busch had a cameo as a West Virginia state trooper in the 2017 film \"\"Logan Lucky\"\". Season still in progress<br> Kyle Busch Kyle Thomas Busch (born May 2, 1985), nicknamed Rowdy, is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He currently competes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13067531",
"chunk_text": "\"JR Motorsports\"\n7 races and Ben Rhodes in 10 races. On April 23, 2016, Dale Earnhardt Jr. piloted the No. 88 to victory at Richmond International Raceway, his first Xfinity win in six years and first with JR Motorsports. It was announced in late-2016 that the No. 88 would be downgraded to a part-time ride for 2017 for Earnhardt Jr. and Kahne. Chase Elliott drove the No. 88 in the 2018 season opening race at Daytona. Despite being black flagged after losing a window, he still managed to finish 12th. Earnhardt Jr. raced the car at the Federated Auto Parts 250 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20597844",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Childress Racing\"\nwith development driver Tim George, Jr. and sponsorship from Applebee's. In 2012, the No. 21 ran at Charlotte and Homestead with Joey Coulter. The car returned in 2013 with Dakoda Armstrong, Brendan Gaughan, and Kevin Harvick driving, taking a best finish of fifth at Indianapolis. It was announced that Daniel Hemric will drive the No. 21 for 2017. The 29 car first appeared in 2002, with Kevin Harvick (driver of the 29 Cup Series car) running four races with sponsorship from GM Goodwrench, Action Racing Collectibles, Sonic, and Sylvania. Jim Sauter also made his final career start at the Milwaukee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "177865",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Earnhardt Jr.\"\nDale Earnhardt Jr. Ralph Dale Earnhardt Jr. (born October 10, 1974), known professionally as Dale Earnhardt Jr., Dale Jr., or just Junior, is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver, team owner, and is currently an analyst for \"\"NASCAR on NBC\"\". He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro for his team JR Motorsports. He is the son of NASCAR Hall of Fame member Dale Earnhardt Sr. He is also the grandson of both NASCAR driver Ralph Earnhardt and stock car fabricator Robert Gee, the brother of Kelley Earnhardt-Miller, the half-brother of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12755105",
"chunk_text": "\"A. J. Foyt Enterprises\"\n2015 for Jack Hawksworth. The No. 14 started as the No. 50 when A. J. Foyt began fielding NASCAR teams in 1973 part-time, driving the Purolator-sponsored Chevrolet. He drove for the team on a very limited schedule throughout the seventies, picking up one pole and nine top-tens. Ron Hutcherson was the first driver besides Foyt to drive the car, and later Johnny Rutherford drove for the team in 1978. In the 1980s, Foyt was almost the sole driver of the team, and switched to the No. 14 with a Valvoline sponsorship in 1983, and posted his final career Top 5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14207259",
"chunk_text": "\"Hendrick Motorsports\"\nthe pole, becoming the third rookie in the past five years to do so, but crashed early in the race, finishing in 37th place, 40 laps down. On August 29, 2017, HMS announced the No. 24 would be renumbered to the No. 9 with Chase Elliott still behind the wheel. Car No. 25 was owned for many years by Rick Hendrick's father, Joe \"\"Papa\"\" Hendrick. It debuted in 1986 as HMS's second team, with a Folgers sponsorship and Tim Richmond driving. Richmond was teamed with veteran crew chief Harry Hyde, who moved over from the No. 5 team after chemistry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340734",
"chunk_text": "\"Denny Hamlin\"\nDenny Hamlin James Dennis Alan \"\"Denny\"\" Hamlin (born November 18, 1980) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 11 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Camry for JGR. He has won over 30 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the Daytona 500 in 2016. Hamlin was born in Tampa, Florida, but lived in Chesterfield, Virginia for most of his childhood. He was born the youngest of five children. He began racing go-karts at the age",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10734907",
"chunk_text": "\"Casey Roderick\"\nCasey Roderick Casey Roderick (born August 8, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the CARS Super Late Model Tour, driving the No. 18. A native of Lawrenceville, Georgia, Roderick began his racing career in Legends car racing, competing in the Atlanta Motor Speedway's Summer Shootout Series, scoring multiple wins despite inferior equipment. He moved up to late model racing in 2008, competing for Bill Elliott; he spent two years with Elliott's development-driver program, which included running a number of ARCA Racing Series events in a car jointly fielded by Elliott and Phoenix",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5657059",
"chunk_text": "\"Denny Hamlin\"\ngame \"\"NASCAR Heat Evolution\"\". He is also featured as one of eight playable drivers on the \"\"EA Sports NASCAR Racing\"\" arcade game, the only rookie to be featured in the game. Season still in progress<br> Denny Hamlin James Dennis Alan \"\"Denny\"\" Hamlin (born November 18, 1980) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 11 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Camry for JGR. He has won over 30 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5738068",
"chunk_text": "\"Davey Allison\"\nand Chevron (at least two occasions, primarily at Talladega, the Battlestar livery has been used as a retro livery). Most notably, Irvan put the 1987 Battlestar livery on the pole at the October 1997 Talladega race, much to the delight of fans. Davey Allison David Carl Allison (February 25, 1961 – July 13, 1993) was a NASCAR driver. He was best known for driving the No. 28 Texaco-Havoline Ford for Robert Yates Racing in the Winston Cup Series (Now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series). Born in Hollywood, Florida, he was the eldest of four children born to Bobby Allison and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13631995",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeffrey Earnhardt\"\nJeffrey Earnhardt Jeffrey Earnhardt (born June 22, 1989) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Supra for Joe Gibbs Racing. Jeffrey is a 4th generation NASCAR driver. He is the younger brother of current ARCA Racing Series driver Bobby Dale Earnhardt, middle child of Kerry Earnhardt, nephew of Dale Earnhardt Jr., grandson of NASCAR Hall of Fame driver Dale Earnhardt, and great-grandson of Ralph Earnhardt. Jeffrey also has 4 other siblings: a half-sister named Kayla, two half brothers named James and David and a stepsister",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5738010",
"chunk_text": "\"Davey Allison\"\nDavey Allison David Carl Allison (February 25, 1961 – July 13, 1993) was a NASCAR driver. He was best known for driving the No. 28 Texaco-Havoline Ford for Robert Yates Racing in the Winston Cup Series (Now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series). Born in Hollywood, Florida, he was the eldest of four children born to Bobby Allison and wife Judy. The family moved to Hueytown, Alabama, and along with Bobby's brother Donnie Allison, family friend Red Farmer, and Neil Bonnett, became known in racing circles as the Alabama Gang. Growing up, Allison participated in athletics, preferring football, but became, like",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6996309",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Elliott\"\nElliott-Marino Motorsports, adding the No. 13 and keeping the No. 94, Marino owned the No. 13 while Elliott owned the No. 94. The year was marked with sadness for Elliott when he had to miss the fall Dover race to attend the funeral of his father. Matt Kenseth drove Elliott's No. 94 and finished 6th in his Cup debut. In 2000, Elliott sold his team to Ray Evernham and began driving the No. 9 Dodge Dealers/UAW-sponsored Dodge Intrepid the following year. Ironically, Melling Racing, who ran the No. 9 for Bill Elliott from 1981 to 1991, yielded that number to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18502042",
"chunk_text": "\"Alex Bowman\"\nfor Bowman to replace him in the No. 88 for the 2018 season. On July 20, Hendrick Motorsports formally named Bowman as the driver of the No. 88 car in 2018. Bowman opened up the 2018 season on February 11 by winning the pole for the 2018 Daytona 500. Despite being winless, he made his Playoff debut by staying consistent with two top-fives and nine top-10s. After the Charlotte Roval race, Bowman advanced to the Round of 12 after a three-way tie with Aric Almirola and Jimmie Johnson saw Johnson eliminated from the Playoffs. Bowman was eliminated from the Round",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11388886",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeff Gordon\"\nJeff Gordon Jeffery Michael Gordon(born August 4, 1971) is an American former professional stock car racing driver, currently an announcer for \"\"Fox NASCAR\"\", and a top executive for Hendrick Motorsports. He formerly drove the No. 24 Chevrolet for Hendrick Motorsports in 23 full-time NASCAR Sprint Cup Series seasons between 1993 and 2015, and served as a substitute driver for Dale Earnhardt Jr. in the No. 88 Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet in select races during the 2016 season. Gordon started his professional racing career in the Busch Series with Hugh Connerty Racing, followed by Bill Davis Racing, winning three races, and began",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7898223",
"chunk_text": "\"Team Penske\"\nto champion Martin Truex Jr. In 2018, Keselowski scored three wins in a row at Darlington, Indianapolis, and Las Vegas, but his run at the Playoffs was marred by bad finishes at the Charlotte Roval, Talladega, and Dover, resulting in his elimination from the Round of 12. Keselowski finished the season eighth in points. The current 12 car started out in 1994 at Michigan as the No. 07 Ford driven by Robby Gordon and owned by German-American businessman and former Ford executive Michael Kranefuss along with Newman/Haas Racing co-principal Carl Haas. The car started and finished 38th after Gordon crashed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19353854",
"chunk_text": "\"Harrison Burton\"\nHarrison Burton Harrison Brian Burton (born October 9, 2000) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Tundra for Kyle Busch Motorsports, part-time in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East, driving the No. 12 Toyota Camry for MDM Motorsports, and part-time in the ARCA Racing Series, driving the No. 12 Camry for MDM Motorsports. Burton's racing career started off when he received a go-kart at age two, which later turned in to a quarter midget at age four. After starting to race them at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16145209",
"chunk_text": "\"Darrell Wallace Jr.\"\nWallace voiced the character Bubba Wheelhouse in the 2017 Pixar film \"\"Cars 3\"\". Leading up to the 2018 Daytona 500, Wallace starred in the Facebook Watch series \"\"\"\". Season still in progress<br> Darrell Wallace Jr. Darrell \"\"Bubba\"\" Wallace Jr. (born October 8, 1993) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 43 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Richard Petty Motorsports, part-time in the Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 20 Chevrolet Silverado for Young's Motorsports, and part-time in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East, driving the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14016249",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeff Gordon\"\nfinish/class finish). Jeff Gordon Jeffery Michael Gordon(born August 4, 1971) is an American former professional stock car racing driver, currently an announcer for \"\"Fox NASCAR\"\", and a top executive for Hendrick Motorsports. He formerly drove the No. 24 Chevrolet for Hendrick Motorsports in 23 full-time NASCAR Sprint Cup Series seasons between 1993 and 2015, and served as a substitute driver for Dale Earnhardt Jr. in the No. 88 Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet in select races during the 2016 season. Gordon started his professional racing career in the Busch Series with Hugh Connerty Racing, followed by Bill Davis Racing, winning three races,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4709867",
"chunk_text": "\"Kyle Busch Motorsports\"\nphysical encounter between Busch and team owner Richard Childress. Coulter struggled, with only five top tens and a 15th-place points finish. With Coulter moving to GMS Racing, the No. 18 team did not run in 2014 and 2015. In late 2015, KBM announced that Cody Coughlin would pilot the No. 18 JEGS.com Toyota Tundra part-time for the 2016. Coughlin ran the 18 in the season-opening event at Daytona International Speedway. Harrison Burton made his Truck Series debut in the No. 18 at Martinsville Speedway. Kyle Busch returned to the No. 18 Truck for 4 races at Martinsville, Charlotte, Kentucky and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14207285",
"chunk_text": "\"Hendrick Motorsports\"\nsponsor of Hendrick's No. 24, would move to sponsor the No. 88 in 2016. In 2016, concussion-like symptoms ended Earnhardt's season after Kentucky. His replacements were Alex Bowman and Jeff Gordon. 2017 marked Earnhardt Jr.'s final full-time season in Hendrick's No. 88 as he announced his retirement in April of that year. It was announced on July 20, 2017 that Bowman would take over the 88 car for the 2018 season. Despite being winless, Bowman made the Playoffs until he was eliminated from the Round of 12 at the fall Kansas race. In 1987, Benny Parsons drove for Hendrick's second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "211644",
"chunk_text": "\"Hendrick Motorsports\"\nsigned away from Bill Davis Racing after Rick Hendrick watched Gordon's first Busch Series victory at Atlanta Motor Speedway in March 1992, driving BDR's No.1 Ford. The car number was originally to have been 46, a car fielded by Hendrick for Greg Sacks for the filming of \"\"Days of Thunder\"\" in 1989 and 1990, but was changed after a licensing conflict with Paramount Pictures. The number 24 was selected due to when it had little significance in NASCAR history prior to Gordon, with no driver winning a Cup race using the number before Gordon. Gordon debuted in the 1992 Hooters",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3161564",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Earnhardt\"\nis held annually on his birthday—April 29. Martin Truex Jr., won the Aaron's 312 in the black car, painted to reflect Earnhardt's Intimidating Black No. 3 NASCAR Busch Grand National series car. In the Nextel Cup race on May 1, No. 8 Dale Earnhardt Jr.; No. 1 Martin Truex Jr.; and No. 15 Paul Menard competed in cars with the same type of paint scheme. On June 18, 2006, at Michigan for the 3M Performance 400, Earnhardt Jr. ran a special vintage Budweiser car to honor his father and his grandfather Ralph Earnhardt. He finished third after rain caused the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5044139",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Earnhardt, Inc.\"\ndriving). The car has been driven by Dale Earnhardt, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Michael Waltrip, Neil Bonnett, David Bonnett, Andy Petree, Jeff Green, Steve Park and Ron Hornaday Jr.. The No. 8 car was raced by DEI from 1984 with Dale Earnhardt as the driver. The car ran from 1984 to 1988 and then again from 2002 to 2008. In 2004 and 2005, it won two championships with Martin Truex Jr. driving in 2004 and 2005. The car has been driven by Dale Earnhardt, Jody Ridley, Kenny Wallace, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Hank Parker, Jr., Steve Park, Tony Stewart, Martin Truex, Jr.,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19138463",
"chunk_text": "\"1978 American 500\"\nin 25th place (improving his position by two places). Charlie Blanton and Johnny Halford would also retire from NASCAR after this race. Frasson drove the race using a self-owned #18 vehicle with a 1978 Buick Century as his manufacturer and model. The number would be transferred over to a Chevrolet machine when it was transferred to Joe Gibbs Racing starting in the 1992 Daytona 500 and remains with JGR to the present day. The number in question would ultimately become synonymous with Kyle Busch's Toyota Camry starting in 2008. Top prize at this race would be $23,360 in American dollars",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5719578",
"chunk_text": "\"Kyle Busch\"\nKyle Busch Kyle Thomas Busch (born May 2, 1985), nicknamed Rowdy, is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Supra for JGR. He also owns Kyle Busch Motorsports, which runs multiple trucks in the Gander Outdoors Truck Series and a Super Late Model team. Busch is the 2009 NASCAR Nationwide Series champion and the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion. Busch is the younger",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5456669",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Earnhardt\"\nChildress' second-year Busch Series driver Kevin Harvick was named as Earnhardt's replacement, beginning with the 2001 Dura Lube 400 at North Carolina Speedway. Special pennants bearing the No.3 were distributed to everyone at the track to honor Earnhardt, and the Childress team wore blank uniforms out of respect, something which disappeared quickly and was soon replaced by the previous GM Goodwrench Service Plus uniforms. Harvick's car always displayed the Earnhardt stylized number 3 on the \"\"B\"\" posts (metal portion on each side of the car to the rear of the front windows) above the number 29 until the end of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15561157",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Earnhardt\"\nDale Earnhardt Ralph Dale Earnhardt Sr. (; April 29, 1951 – February 18, 2001) was an American professional auto racing driver and team owner, best known for his involvement in stock car racing for NASCAR. The third child of racing driver Ralph Earnhardt and first of two to Martha Coleman, he began his career in 1975 in the World 600 as part of the Winston Cup Series. Regarded as one of the most significant drivers in NASCAR history, Earnhardt won a total of 76 Winston Cup races over the course of his career, including the 1998 Daytona 500. He also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6621795",
"chunk_text": "\"Joey Logano\"\nJoey Logano Joseph Thomas Logano (born May 24, 1990), nicknamed \"\"Sliced Bread,\"\" is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Fusion for Team Penske, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 22 Ford Mustang for the same team. He is the reigning Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Champion. He previously drove the No. 20 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing from 2008 to 2012, collecting two wins and 41 Top 10 finishes. Logano's first major NASCAR win came during the Meijer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14577465",
"chunk_text": "\"Chase Elliott\"\nRacelott in the 2017 Pixar film \"\"Cars 3\"\". In 2017, Elliott served as a \"\"Fox NASCAR\"\" analyst for the Xfinity Series race at Atlanta. Elliott has appeared on the cover of magazines, including \"\"NASCAR Illustrated\"\"; \"\"NASCAR Pole Position\"\"; and \"\"Georgia Magazine\"\". Elliott is featured as a playable driver in \"\"Forza Motorsport 6\"\", via the NASCAR expansion pack. The expansion features twenty-four paint schemes from the 2016 Sprint Cup Series season, including Elliott's No. 24 NAPA SS. Elliott, along with Jimmie Johnson and Kyle Busch, provide commentary in the expansion as the \"\"voices of motorsport.\"\" Elliott and Johnson also had roles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1138163",
"chunk_text": "\"Drive for Diversity\"\nbefore moving on to Evernham Motorsports in 2006 and 2007. In 2003, Joe Gibbs Racing partnered with former NFL player Reggie White to start a team that would assist minority drivers in rising up the ranks of the Motorsports world. In 2004, the team came into form with assistance of Gibbs' Cup and Busch Series sponsors Home Depot, MBNA, and Rockwell Automation. The original two drivers were Aric Almirola (a future winner at the Cup level) and Chris Bristol (who would join NASCAR's D4D program in 2006), who drove cars numbered 20 and 18 respectively at two different short tracks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3164559",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Ware Racing\"\nBlack soon fell apart, leaving the 51 open for another driver. A second, part-time No. 52 car was announced with drivers Cody Ware, B.J. McLeod, Weatherman and John Graham. Rick Ware Racing ran the 2018 season with all three manufacturers. Justin Marks drove the No. 51 at the Daytona 500, finishing 12th. The car was fielded in partnership with Premium Motorsports, powered by ECR Engines, and was sponsored by Harry's. Harrison Rhodes joined the team for a one-off the following week at Atlanta to make his Cup debut. A partnership with Stewart-Haas Racing brought Cole Custer to the car the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1921705",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Daytona 500\"\nled 26 laps. Caution flew for the seventh time with 9 to go for a single-car spin as William Byron spun out into turn 2, so that meant Joey Logano won the free pass under caution. Racing resumed with 6 to go and a major multi-car wreck (a third \"\"The Big One\"\") brought out the eighth caution of the race. 2017 Daytona 500 winner Kurt Busch tried to pass Denny Hamlin but contact behind him triggered the melee. A total of twelve cars were involved were Kurt Busch, Martin Truex Jr., Matt DiBenedetto, Ricky Stenhouse Jr., Ryan Blaney, Alex Bowman,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8222246",
"chunk_text": "\"Kyle Benjamin\"\nRyan Preece and finished second. He returned to the team in 2018, announcing a two-race slate in February. After an eighth-place run at Atlanta Motor Speedway, a run for the win on the final restart at Iowa was derailed after John Hunter Nemechek made contact with Benjamin. Season still in progress<br> Kyle Benjamin Kyle Benjamin (born November 3, 1997) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing, and part-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the Nos. 17 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5760358",
"chunk_text": "\"JR Motorsports\"\npoints behind only teammate William Byron. On September 25, 2018, Noah Gragson was announced as the new driver of the No. 1 after Sadler announced his retirement earlier that year. On December 8, 2018, Gragson announced that he would drive the 1 but it will be what the 9 team was the previous year. The No. 5 team started in 2006 as the No. 83 team, a part-time second car for JR Motorsports. The car was driven by Shane Huffman with sponsorship from the Make a Wish Foundation. The car returned in 2008 driven by Dale Earnhardt Jr. with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13290866",
"chunk_text": "\"Premium Motorsports\"\nequipment. It also includes the trucks that were leased by TBR to the No. 52 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Team but Baldwin says there remains a few obligations from his No. 7 team to be fulfilled in future races. Justin Marks drove the car at Talladega, Hermie Sadler drove at Martinsville and Joey Gase drove at Texas and Phoenix. On January 22, 2018, Danica Patrick was announced to drive the No. 7 in the Daytona 500 in her final NASCAR start. She brought sponsorship from her former sponsor, GoDaddy. The team fielded a car prepared by Richard Childress Racing,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8052949",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe Gibbs Racing\"\nBaker Curb Racing following the season and signed a development contract with Hall of Fame Racing. For 2008, the No. 18 was piloted by the team of Denny Hamlin and Kyle Busch with a sponsorship coming from Southern Farm Bureau, Interstate Batteries, and Z-Line Designs. Despite running a partial schedule, Busch won ten races in 2008, including eight in the No. 18, and would finish seventh in points while Hamlin scored a single victory in the No. 18 at Dover. 18-year-old JGR development driver Marc Davis made his one and only national series start for the team in October at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3861117",
"chunk_text": "\"Bobby Labonte\"\nBobby Labonte Robert Allen Labonte (born May 8, 1964) is an American professional stock car racing driver. The 2000 NASCAR Winston Cup Series champion, he currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota for RDV Competition, and is an analyst on \"\"NASCAR RaceDay\"\" for FOX Sports. He and his older brother, Terry Labonte, are one of only two pairs of brothers to have both won the Cup championships (along with Kurt Busch and Kyle Busch). He is also the uncle of former Xfinity Series race winner Justin Labonte. Labonte is the first driver to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5055436",
"chunk_text": "\"Kevin Harvick Incorporated\"\nNo. 77 and hired 2000 Winston Cup champion Bobby Labonte to drive the car for the rest of the season. Labonte, Harvick, and Kertus Davis were scheduled share the 77 for the 2007 season. Labonte brought the number 77 to its first victory at Talladega on April 28, 2007. Davis was later released, with Ron Hornaday Jr. filling in for races that Davis was scheduled to drive for the team, after Davis did not crack the top 30 in his five starts in the No. 77. In 2008 Cale Gale drove the car in three races with sponsorship from VFW",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12789729",
"chunk_text": "\"Hendrick Motorsports\"\nGlen, giving Hendrick Motorsports its 250th race win and securing him in the Playoffs. He added two wins at Dover and Kansas during the Playoffs. Elliott made it all the way to the Round of 8 before he was eliminated by a late crash with Kurt Busch and Denny Hamlin at Phoenix. He finished the season sixth in points. The No. 17 car at Hendrick Motorsports came about when Darrell Waltrip left Junior Johnson's team following the 1986 season in order to end his relationship with Budweiser. Waltrip chose to join Hendrick Motorsports with Tide as his sponsor and 17",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "80133",
"chunk_text": "\"Bobby Dale Earnhardt\"\nBobby Dale Earnhardt Bobby Dale Earnhardt (born September 1, 1987) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 66 Toyota Camry for MBM Motorsports. Earnhardt raced in the ARCA Truck Series from 2013 to 2016, where he won Rookie of the Year in 2013. On May 21, 2017, he made his major stock car debut in the ARCA Racing Series, driving the No. 3 Chevrolet for Hixson Motorsports. He started 24th, and finished 21st after a crash on lap 165. On September 8, 2017, Earnhardt made his NASCAR",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20597757",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Childress Racing\"\nMotorsports, although these are not technical alliances. RCR has won NASCAR's Premier Cup Series championship six times, all with iconic driver Dale Earnhardt, as well as the Daytona 500 three times; Earnhardt in 1998, Kevin Harvick in 2007 and Austin Dillon in 2018. RCR has also fielded cars for notables such as Jeff Burton, Mike Skinner, Ricky Rudd, Neil Bonnett, and Clint Bowyer. RCR debuted at the 1969 Talladega 500 as a 1968 Chevrolet numbered 13. Childress himself drove the car, finishing 23rd after suffering axle problems. In 1972, the team came back to run fourteen races with Childress driving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8052952",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe Gibbs Racing\"\nKenseth drove the 18 for 16 races with sponsorship from Reser's Fine Foods and GameStop. He won the July race at Daytona and the October race at Kansas. The 18 car did not run in 2014. On August 19, 2014, JGR announced that Toyota Series and K&N Pro Series East driver Daniel Suárez would drive the No. 18 full-time in 2015 with a sponsorship from Arris, running for Rookie of the Year. Suárez had a strong rookie season, earning eight top fives, 18 top tens, and three poles to finish fifth in points and beat out Darrell Wallace, Jr. for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1327511",
"chunk_text": "\"Curb Racing\"\nwould provide the COT and in return she would drive and provided the crew chief. However, the deal fell apart after Cobb destroyed the car in a crash during her first race with Baker-Curb at Daytona, an accident that also took out Baker-Curb's other entry, the No. 43 driven by Johnny Chapman. For the next seven races, seven different drivers ran the No. 27 Ford as part of one-race deals; the drivers were Lofton, Sauter, Kelly Bires, Nelson Piquet, Jr., Drew Herring, Josh Wise, and Danny O'Quinn, Jr.. Andrew Ranger then ran the No. 27 as a Dodge for one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4790013",
"chunk_text": "\"Arris International\"\nthe combined company, and Arris shareholders 76%. On February 22, 2017, Arris Group announced an agreement to acquire the Ruckus Wireless unit from Broadcom Limited for $800 million. On November 8, 2018, CommScope announced an agreement to acquire the Arris for $7.4 Billion. On August 19, 2014, Arris announced a sponsorship of NASCAR driver Carl Edwards. Edwards drove the number 19 Toyota Camry in the Sprint Cup Series for Joe Gibbs Racing, while Daniel Suarez drove the Arris 18 in the Xfinity Series, from 2015 to 2016 until he left the sport in January 2017. Starting with the 2017 Daytona",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6003158",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Childress Racing\"\nNo. 2 Camaro. On October 5, 2017, it was announced that Matt Tifft will be the driver of the No. 2 car in 2018 and compete for the NASCAR Xfinity Series Championship. The No. 3 car was initially run in the then-Busch Series by Dale Earnhardt, Inc. beginning in 1989, winning two back-to-back championships with Dale Earnhardt, Jr. in 1998 and 1999. The No. 3 made its debut as part of the RCR stable in 2002 at the EAS/GNC Live Well 300 at Daytona, driven twice that year by Earnhardt, Jr. with sponsorships from the Nabisco brands Oreo and Nilla.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_484
|
how many steps does the cn tower have?
|
n/a
|
[
"2,579 steps",
"2,579"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695011",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nbut these were later replaced with the third elevator pair and the stairs were moved to the inside of the core. Top climbs on the new, windowless stairwell used since around 2003 have generally been over ten minutes. On August 1, 2011, the CN Tower opened the EdgeWalk, an amusement in which thrill-seekers can walk on and around the roof of the main pod of the tower at , which is directly above the 360 Restaurant. It is the world's highest full-circle, hands-free walk. Visitors are tethered to an overhead rail system and walk around the edge of the CN",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492438",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nPATH underground pedestrian system. By the mid-1990s, it was the centre of a thriving tourist district. The entire area continues to be an area of intense building, notably a boom in condominium construction in the first two decades of the 21st century, as well as the 2013 opening of the Ripley's Aquarium by the base of the tower. The CN Tower consists of several substructures. The main portion of the tower is a hollow concrete hexagonal pillar containing the stairwells and power and plumbing connections. The Tower's six elevators are located in the three inverted angles created by the Tower's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492439",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nhexagonal shape (two elevators per angle). Each of the three elevator shafts is lined with glass, allowing for views of the city as the glass-windowed elevators make their way through the Tower. The stairwell was originally located in one of these angles (the one facing north), but was moved into the central hollow of the Tower; the Tower's new fifth and sixth elevators were placed in the hexagonal angle that once contained the stairwell. On top of the main concrete portion of the Tower is a tall metal broadcast antenna, carrying TV and radio signals. There are three visitor areas:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492425",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nworld's tallest tower until 2009 being overtaken by Burj Khalifa and Canton Tower, respectively. It is now the ninth tallest free-standing structure in the world and remains the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere. In 1995, the CN Tower was declared one of the modern Seven Wonders of the World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. It also belongs to the World Federation of Great Towers. It is a signature icon of Toronto's skyline and attracts more than two million international visitors annually. The original concept of the CN Tower originated in 1968 when the Canadian National Railway",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492424",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nCN Tower The CN Tower () is a concrete communications and observation tower located in Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Built on the former Railway Lands, it was completed in 1976. Its name \"\"CN\"\" originally referred to Canadian National, the railway company that built the tower. Following the railway's decision to divest non-core freight railway assets prior to the company's privatization in 1995, it transferred the tower to the Canada Lands Company, a federal Crown corporation responsible for real estate development. The CN Tower held the record for the world's tallest free-standing structure for 32 years until 2007 and was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492428",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nfrom almost any building in the Toronto area. The CN Tower can be seen from at least as far away as Kennedy Street in Aurora, Ontario, approximately to the north. It is also viewable to the naked eye from east of Toronto in Oshawa, several points along the Niagara Escarpment west of Toronto in Hamilton, Ontario, and to the south from Fort Niagara State Park in the U.S. state of New York. The original plan for the tower envisioned a tripod consisting of three independent cylindrical \"\"pillars\"\" linked at various heights by structural bridges. Had it been built, this design",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492440",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthe Glass Floor and Outdoor Observation Terrace, which are both located at an elevation of , the Indoor Lookout Level (formerly known as \"\"Indoor Observation Level\"\") located at , and the higher SkyPod (formerly known as \"\"Space Deck\"\") at , just below the metal antenna. The hexagonal shape can be seen between the two areas; however, below the main deck, three large supporting legs give the tower the appearance of a large tripod. The main deck level is seven storeys, some of which are open to the public. Below the public areas — at — is a large white donut-shaped",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492442",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nlevel are at . The 360 Restaurant, a revolving restaurant that completes a full rotation once every 72 minutes, is at . When the tower first opened, it also featured a disco named Sparkles (at the Indoor Observation Level), billed as the highest disco and dance floor in the world. The SkyPod was once the highest public observation deck in the world until it was surpassed by the Shanghai World Financial Center in 2008. A metal staircase reaches the main deck level after 1,776 steps, and the SkyPod above after 2,579 steps; it is the tallest metal staircase on Earth.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695010",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nThese stairs are intended for emergency use only and are not open to the public, except for twice per year for charity stair-climb events. The average climber takes approximately 30 minutes to climb to the base of the radome, but the fastest climb on record is 7 minutes and 52 seconds in 1989 by Brendan Keenoy, an Ontario Provincial Police officer. In 2002, Canadian Olympian and Paralympic champion Jeff Adams climbed the stairs of the tower in a specially designed wheelchair. The stairs were originally on one of the three sides of the tower (facing north), with a glass view,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695027",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nof different media and by numerous companies. There is no AM broadcasting on the CN Tower. The FM antennas are situated above ground. The CN Tower has been featured in numerous films, television shows, and video games, as well as having its own official mascot, which resembles the tower itself. CN Tower The CN Tower () is a concrete communications and observation tower located in Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Built on the former Railway Lands, it was completed in 1976. Its name \"\"CN\"\" originally referred to Canadian National, the railway company that built the tower. Following the railway's decision to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1078582",
"chunk_text": "\"Calgary Tower\"\nof downtown Calgary. The restaurant does a complete rotation every 45 minutes during the day and every 60 minutes in the evening. The base of the tower is connected through the +15 skyway network to One Palliser Square, Fairmont Palliser Hotel and EnCana Place. Stairs to the observation deck are not opened to the public, but have been used on occasions for publicity, as well as for an annual charity stair-climbing race. There are 802 steps. The tower also features a carillon that was presented to the city by the local Dutch community in 1975 as part of the city's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695001",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthe main level commenced. Using 45 hydraulic jacks attached to cables strung from a temporary steel crown anchored to the top of the tower, twelve giant steel and wooden bracket forms were slowly raised, ultimately taking about a week to crawl up to their final position. These forms were used to create the brackets that support the main level, as well as a base for the construction of the main level itself. The Space Deck (currently named SkyPod) was built of concrete poured into a wooden frame attached to rebar at the lower level deck, and then reinforced with a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492441",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nradome containing the structure's microwave receivers. The glass floor and outdoor observation deck are at . The glass floor has an area of and can withstand a pressure of . The floor's thermal glass units are thick, consisting of a pane of laminated glass, airspace and a pane of laminated glass. Some people experience acrophobia when standing on the glass floor and looking down at the ground below. In 2008, one elevator was upgraded to add a glass floor panel, believed to have the highest vertical rise of any elevator equipped with this feature. The Horizons Cafe and the lookout",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11834206",
"chunk_text": "\"Tourism in Toronto\"\nwinter time. It consists of 5.7 million litres of water, representing the marine and freshwater habitats from all around the world. The CN Tower is Canada's National Tower and it is one of the attractions that is open 364 days a year. It is visited by approximately 2 million people every year. In 1995, the CN Tower was classified as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers and for more than 30 years it was the world's tallest free-standing structure. The CN tower consists of many inner attractions like the Glass",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492429",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nwould have been considerably shorter, with the metal antenna located roughly where the concrete section between the main level and the SkyPod lies today. As the design effort continued, it evolved into the current design with a single continuous hexagonal core to the SkyPod, with three support legs blended into the hexagon below the main level, forming a large Y-shape structure at the ground level. The idea for the main level in its current form evolved around this time, but the Space Deck (now named SkyPod) was not part of the plans until some time later. One engineer in particular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11834207",
"chunk_text": "\"Tourism in Toronto\"\nFloor, Skypod, 360 restaurant and the newest addition; Edgewalk. Edgewalk is a full circle hands-free walk on a 5 feet wide ledge encircling the top of the Tower, which is 1168 feet above the ground. It has also been mentioned in the Guinness Book of World Records, for the highest external walk on a building. Also, the CN tower provides various services for individuals with disabilities and special needs. There are a number of tours of different kinds available to visitors in Toronto, giving them the chance to view the city or specific areas of the city, led by local",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5322003",
"chunk_text": "\"PATH (Toronto)\"\n50 buildings or office towers are connected through the PATH system. It comprises twenty parking garages, five subway stations (Osgoode station connects only to the Four Seasons Centre), two major department stores, two major shopping centres, six major hotels, and a railway terminal. The CN Tower, Ripley's Aquarium of Canada, and Rogers Centre are connected via an enclosed elevated walkway, called the SkyWalk, from Union Station, although the walkway does not have indoor connections to these attractions. PATH (Toronto) PATH is a network of underground pedestrian tunnels, elevated walkways, and at-grade walkways connecting the office towers of Downtown Toronto, Ontario,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492431",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nand a base incorporating of concrete with of rebar and of steel cable had been built to a thickness of . This portion of the construction was fairly rapid, with only four months needed between the start and the foundation being ready for construction on top. To create the main support pillar, workers constructed a hydraulically raised slipform at the base. This was a fairly unprecedented engineering feat on its own, consisting of a large metal platform that raised itself on jacks at about per day as the concrete below set. Concrete was poured continuously by a team of 1,532",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492430",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nfelt that visitors would feel the higher observation deck would be worth paying extra for, and the costs in terms of construction were not prohibitive. It was also some time around this point that it was realized that the tower could become the world's tallest structure, and plans were changed to incorporate subtle modifications throughout the structure to this end. Construction on the CN Tower began on February 6, 1973, with massive excavations at the tower base for the foundation. By the time the foundation was complete, of earth and shale were removed to a depth of in the centre,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492455",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthe ground, and therefore it is not considered a building by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) or Emporis. CTBUH defines a building as \"\"a structure that is designed for residential, business, or manufacturing purposes. An essential characteristic of a building is that it has floors.\"\" The CN Tower and other similar structures—such as the Ostankino Tower in Moscow, Russia; the Oriental Pearl Tower in Shanghai, China; the Stratosphere Tower in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA; and the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France—are categorized as \"\"towers\"\", which are free-standing structures that may have observation decks and a few",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4978452",
"chunk_text": "\"One Canada Square\"\ntimeless power.\"\"\"\" In February 2017, security in the lobby was extended to include security screens to prevent authorised entry to the lifts. This was a follow up to Night Scape group gaining unauthorised entry from the lobby to the roof. The tower has thirty two lifts for tenants to use, where 8 lifts serve roughly ten floors of the building. All tenant passenger lifts serve the ground floor and the following groups of floors – floors 5–17, floors 18–28, floors 28–39 and floors 39–50 (note that level 5 is the first office floor and there is no level 13). In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13432877",
"chunk_text": "\"CIBC Tower\"\n15 and 29 are transfer floors; level 16 is a triple-height mechanical floor that is skipped in the floor numbering of the passenger elevators. Levels 42-44 are also mechanical floors; level 45 was originally an indoor observation deck but was closed in the 1970s. The top of the tower are actually an open-air raised partition, built sometime after construction, that hides the rooftop elevator control rooms. Without this extra structure, the actual roof height is , and approximately when counting the elevator penthouse. It is the fifth tallest building in Montreal, but an antenna raises the total height to ,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5237150",
"chunk_text": "Walkway\n\"\"Grand Concourse\"\", is an integrated walkway system that has over of walkways, which link every major park, river, pond, and green space in six municipalities. In Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the SkyWalk is an approximately 500 metre enclosed walkway connecting Union Station to the CN Tower and the Rogers Centre (SkyDome). It is part of the PATH network. The SkyWalk passes above the York Street 'subway' and the Simcoe Street Tunnel. It opened in 1989 and it was built to reduce the need for additional parking spaces near the Skydome stadium by providing a direct transportation link to the subway and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492458",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nused by Guinness was defined by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat as 'a building in which less than 50% of the construction is usable floor space'. \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" editor-in-chief Craig Glenday announced that Burj Khalifa was not classified as a tower because it has too much usable floor space to be considered to be a tower. CN Tower still held world records for highest above ground wine cellar (in 360 Restaurant) at 351 metres, highest above ground restaurant at 346 metres (Horizons Restaurant), and tallest free-standing concrete tower during Guinness's recertification. The CN Tower was surpassed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16850117",
"chunk_text": "Tower\ncan be human-made. In history, simple towers like lighthouses, bell towers, clock towers, signal towers and minarets were used to communicate information over greater distances. In more recent years, radio masts and cell phone towers facilitate communication by expanding the range of the transmitter. The CN Tower in Toronto, Ontario, Canada was built as a communications tower, with the capability to act as both a transmitter and repeater. Its design also incorporated features to make it a tourist attraction, including the world's highest observation deck at 147 storeys. Towers can also be used to support bridges, and can reach heights",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492457",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthus partially supported by its buoyancy. Like the CN Tower, none of these taller structures are commonly considered buildings. On September 12, 2007, Burj Khalifa, which is a hotel, residential and commercial building in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and was formerly known as Burj Dubai before opening, passed the CN Tower's 553.33-metre height. The CN Tower held the record of tallest free-standing structure on land for over 30 years. After Burj Khalifa had been formally recognized by the Guinness World Records as the world's tallest freestanding structure, Guinness re-certified CN Tower as the world's tallest freestanding tower. The tower definition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695016",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nfire. Moreover, other supertall structures built between 1967 and 1976 — such as the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower), the World Trade Center (until its destruction on September 11, 2001), the Fernsehturm Berlin, the Aon Center, 875 North Michigan Avenue (formerly the John Hancock Center), and First Canadian Place — also have excellent safety records, which suggests that the Ostankino Tower accident was a rare safety failure, and that the likelihood of similar events occurring at other supertall structures is extremely low. The CN Tower was originally lit at night with incandescent lights, which were removed in 1997, because",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492432",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\npeople until February 22, 1974, during which it had already become the tallest structure in Canada, surpassing the recently built Inco Superstack in Sudbury, which was built using similar methods. In total, the tower contains of concrete, all of which was mixed on-site in order to ensure batch consistency. Through the pour, the vertical accuracy of the tower was maintained by comparing the slip form's location to massive plumb bobs hanging from it, observed by small telescopes from the ground. Over the height of the tower, it varies from true vertical accuracy by only . In August 1974, construction of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695015",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nOstankino Tower was completed nine years before the CN Tower, and is only shorter. The parallels between the towers led to some concern that the CN Tower could be at risk of a similar tragedy. However, Canadian officials subsequently stated that it is \"\"highly unlikely\"\" that a similar disaster could occur at the CN Tower, as it has important safeguards that were not present in the Ostankino Tower. Specifically, officials cited: Officials also noted that the CN Tower has an excellent safety record, although there was an electrical fire in the antennae on August 16, 2017 — the tower's first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16609401",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower (Edmonton)\"\nCN Tower (Edmonton) CN Tower is an office tower in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It stands at or 26 storeys tall, and was built and formerly owned by the Canadian National Railway Company. At the time of its construction it was the first skyscraper in Edmonton, and the tallest building in Western Canada. Its reign as Western Canada's tallest building lasted from 1966 to 1971, when it was surpassed by Edmonton House. The building site was once the home to the CNR Edmonton station c. 1905 as well as the 1928 addition. The former was demolished in 1953 and latter gave",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695004",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nand that \"\"Under such ludicrous circumstances Canadian National would hardly have chosen this location to build.\"\" The CN Tower opened to the public on June 26, 1976. The construction costs of approximately ($ in dollars) were repaid in fifteen years. Canadian National Railway sold the tower prior to taking the company private in 1995, when it decided to divest all operations not directly related to its core freight shipping businesses. From the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, the CN Tower was practically the only development along Front Street West; it was still possible to see Lake Ontario from the foot of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1044223",
"chunk_text": "SkyWalk\nSkyWalk The SkyWalk is an approximately 500 metre enclosed walkway connecting Union Station to the CN Tower and the Rogers Centre (SkyDome) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Part of Toronto's PATH network, the SkyWalk passes above the York Street 'subway' and the Simcoe Street Tunnel and runs roughly parallel between Front Street and Bremner Boulevard. Designed by the IBI Group, the SkyWalk was opened in 1989 as a predominantly indoor connection from Union Station to the SkyDome. The primary purpose of the SkyWalk is to reduce the need for additional parking spaces near the stadium by providing a direct transportation link",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16328537",
"chunk_text": "\"Recreation in Toronto\"\narea of Downtown. The Toronto Santa Claus Parade is the world's longest-running children's parade. Held annually in mid-November, the event draws more than half a million visitors each year. The parade is also televised and broadcast around the world. Numerous other events take place in the city. These are sponsored by federal, provincial and municipal government, by local business and international companies, by community groups, and by volunteer, charitable, educational and religious organizations. Toronto's most famous landmark is the CN Tower. Defining the Toronto skyline, the 553.33 m (1,815 ft, 5 in) structure is an important telecommunications hub and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492453",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nThe proposed Chicago Spire was expected to exceed the height of the CN Tower, but its construction was halted early due to financial difficulties amid the Great Recession, and was eventually cancelled in 2010. \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" has called the CN Tower \"\"the world's tallest self-supporting tower\"\" and \"\"the world's tallest free-standing tower\"\". Although Guinness did list this description of the CN Tower under the heading \"\"tallest building\"\" at least once, it has also listed it under \"\"tallest tower\"\", omitting it from its list of \"\"tallest buildings.\"\" In 1996, Guinness changed the tower's classification to \"\"World's Tallest Building and Freestanding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492449",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthey were inefficient and expensive to repair. In June 2007, the tower was outfitted with 1,330 super-bright LED lights inside the elevator shafts, shooting over the main pod and upward to the top of the tower's mast to light the tower from dusk until 2 a.m. The official opening ceremony took place on June 28 before the Canada Day holiday weekend. The tower changes its lighting scheme on holidays and to commemorate major events. After the 95th Grey Cup in Toronto, the tower was lit in green and white to represent the colours of the Grey Cup champion Saskatchewan Roughriders.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492454",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nStructure\"\". Emporis and the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat both listed the CN Tower as the world's tallest free-standing structure on land, and specifically state that the CN Tower is not a true building, thereby awarding the title of world's tallest building to Taipei 101, which is shorter than the CN Tower. The issue of what was tallest became moot when Burj Khalifa, then under construction, exceeded the height of the CN Tower in 2007 (see below). Although the CN Tower contains a restaurant, a gift shop and multiple observation levels, it does not have floors continuously from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1044227",
"chunk_text": "SkyWalk\nhere, a short walk in open air leads to the Rogers Centre and across Bremner Boulevard to Roundhouse Park. From east to west: SkyWalk The SkyWalk is an approximately 500 metre enclosed walkway connecting Union Station to the CN Tower and the Rogers Centre (SkyDome) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Part of Toronto's PATH network, the SkyWalk passes above the York Street 'subway' and the Simcoe Street Tunnel and runs roughly parallel between Front Street and Bremner Boulevard. Designed by the IBI Group, the SkyWalk was opened in 1989 as a predominantly indoor connection from Union Station to the SkyDome. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492437",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nthe CN Tower due to the expansive parking lots and lack of development in the area at the time. As the area around the tower was developed, particularly with the completion of the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in 1984 and the SkyDome in 1989 (renamed Rogers Centre in 2005), the former Railway Lands were redeveloped and the tower became the centre of a newly developing entertainment area. Access was greatly improved with the construction of the SkyWalk in 1989, which connected the tower and SkyDome to the nearby Union Station railway and subway station, and, in turn, to the city's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3003514",
"chunk_text": "\"PATH (Toronto)\"\nPATH (Toronto) PATH is a network of underground pedestrian tunnels, elevated walkways, and at-grade walkways connecting the office towers of Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is more than long. According to Guinness World Records, PATH is the largest underground shopping complex in the world with of retail space. The PATH network's northerly point is the Toronto Coach Terminal at Dundas Street and Bay Street, while its southerly point is Waterpark Place on Queens Quay. Its main axes of walkways generally parallel Yonge Street and Bay Street. There is continuous expansion to PATH system, around Union Station two towers are being",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6845491",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Centre\"\nCN Centre The CN Centre (formerly Prince George Multiplex) is a 5,971-seat multi-purpose arena, in Prince George, British Columbia, Canada. It was designed by PBK Architects, opened in 1995 and is owned by the City of Prince George. There are 14 luxury suites. In 2005, Canadian National Railway purchased the naming rights to the building which has previously been known as the Multiplex. The CN Centre has a 200 ft. x 85 ft. ice surface, and is able to convert to an Olympic-sized ice surface of 200 ft. x 100 ft. It is home to the Prince George Cougars ice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695003",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\ninstead of the planned six months. The tower was topped-off on April 2, 1975, after 26 months of construction, officially capturing the height record from Moscow's Ostankino Tower, and bringing the total mass to . Two years into the construction, plans for Metro Centre were scrapped, leaving the tower isolated on the Railway Lands in what was then a largely abandoned light-industrial space. This caused serious problems for tourists to access the tower. Ned Baldwin, project architect with John Andrews, wrote at the time that \"\"All of the logic which dictated the design of the lower accommodation has been upset,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17026298",
"chunk_text": "\"Fenwick Tower (Halifax)\"\naccess to only the basement, lobby, and uppermost floors. Another features doors on either end of the cabin, and is often used as a service elevator. The two remaining lifts are local elevators servicing all floors. All elevators in the building use the older-style thermally-activated buttons. There is no \"\"up\"\" button on most floors. To go up to another floor, users must catch an elevator on its way down, or walk up flights of stairs. This is to facilitate quicker movement down to the main level. Fenwick Tower consists of 33 storeys, not including an elevator control room at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492452",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nThe CN Tower is the tallest freestanding structure in the Western Hemisphere. As of 2013, there are only two other freestanding structures in the Western Hemisphere which exceed in height; the Willis Tower in Chicago, which stands at when measured to its pinnacle; and the topped-out One World Trade Center in New York City, which has a pinnacle height of , or approximately shorter than the CN Tower. Due to the symbolism of the number 1776 (the year of the signing of the United States Declaration of Independence), the height of One World Trade Center is unlikely to be increased.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14695002",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower\"\nlarge steel compression band around the outside. The antenna was originally to be raised by crane as well, but during construction the Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane helicopter became available when the United States Army sold one to civilian operators. The helicopter, named \"\"Olga\"\", was first used to remove the crane, and then flew the antenna up in 36 sections. The flights of the antenna pieces were a minor tourist attraction of their own, and the schedule was printed in the local newspapers. Use of the helicopter saved months of construction time, with this phase taking only three and a half weeks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12844928",
"chunk_text": "\"Peace Tower\"\nPeace Tower The Peace Tower (in French: \"\"Tour de la Paix\"\"), also known as the Tower of Victory and Peace (in French: \"\"tour de Victoire et de Paix\"\"), is a focal bell and clock tower sitting on the central axis of the Centre Block of the Canadian parliament buildings in Ottawa, Ontario. The present incarnation replaced the Victoria Tower after the latter burned down in 1916, along with most of the Centre Block; only the Library of Parliament survived. It serves as a Canadian icon and had been featured prominently on the Canadian twenty-dollar bill directly adjacent the queen's visage,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14771841",
"chunk_text": "\"Empire State Building\"\nfact sheets the building rises 1,860 steps from the first to the 102nd floor, weighs , has an internal volume of , and an exterior with of limestone and granite. Construction of the tower's exterior required ten million bricks and of aluminum and stainless steel, and the interior required of elevator cable and of electrical wires. The building has a capacity for 20,000 tenants and 15,000 visitors. The building has been named as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The building and its street floor interior are designated landmarks of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15701164",
"chunk_text": "\"Downtown Toronto\"\ndowntown Toronto include the Ontario Legislature, and the Toronto City Hall. In the 1970s, Toronto experienced major economic growth and surpassed Montreal to become the largest city in Canada. Many international and domestic businesses relocated to Toronto and created massive new skyscrapers downtown. All of the Big Five banks constructed skyscrapers beginning in the late 1960s up until the early 1990s. Today downtown Toronto contains dozens of notable skyscrapers. The area's First Canadian Place is the tallest building in Canada at height of 298 metres (978 feet). The CN Tower, once the tallest free-standing structure in the world, remains the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5493926",
"chunk_text": "\"Aura (Toronto)\"\nAura (Toronto) Aura is a mixed-use skyscraper completed in 2014 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the final phase of a series of new condominium buildings near College Park in Toronto's Downtown Yonge district. It is part of the Residences of College Park project, and construction lasted from 2010 to 2014. With 79 floors, it has more floors than any other building in Canada. As of 2018, it is the tallest residential building in Canada and the 25th tallest residential building in the world. The original design proposed two towers. The building would have featured a ten-storey podium, with two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9390318",
"chunk_text": "\"One Canada Square\"\ninto a holding tank located in the basement car park. One Canada Square has 3,960 windows and was one of the first buildings to incorporate metallicised windows and other advanced window technologies, to assist with the building's energy efficiency plans. The tower uses super-insulated windows at triple-pane glazing (with a high solar heat-gain coefficient), low-emissivity (low-e) coatings to prevent heat loss in winter months, UV coatings, scratch resistant outer layers, sealed argon / krypton gas filled inter-pane voids, 'warm edge' insulating glass spacers, air-seals and specially developed thermally designed window frames. The windows were manufactured with ehigh R-values [low U-values,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16609403",
"chunk_text": "\"CN Tower (Edmonton)\"\nhave stopped at the Edmonton railway station situated near the then active Edmonton City Centre Airport (shut down in 2013). The building suffered structural damage to the exterior on July 18, 2009, during a severe thunderstorm. Two vehicles were crushed by the falling debris at the base of the building. CN Tower (Edmonton) CN Tower is an office tower in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It stands at or 26 storeys tall, and was built and formerly owned by the Canadian National Railway Company. At the time of its construction it was the first skyscraper in Edmonton, and the tallest building in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_485
|
when did south sudan join east african community?
|
n/a
|
[
"April 2016",
"2016"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20126220",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nMinister of Foreign Affairs, Barnaba Marial Benjamin, claimed publicly in October 2015 that, following evaluations and meetings of a special technical committee in May, June, August, September and October, the committee has recommended that South Sudan be allowed to join the East African Community. Those recommendations, however, had not been officially released to the public. It was reported that South Sudan could be admitted as early as November 2015 when the heads of East African States had their summit meeting. South Sudan was eventually approved for membership in East African Community on March 2016, and formally acceded with the signature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049286",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nreported that South Sudan could be admitted as early as November 2015 when the heads of East African States had their summit meeting. South Sudan was eventually approved for membership to the bloc in March 2016, and signed a treaty of accession in April 2016. It had six months to ratify the agreement, which it did on 5 September, at which point it formally acceded to the community. It does not yet participate to the same extent as the other members. The geographical region encompassed by the EAC covers an area of , with a combined population of about 173,583,000.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4735767",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nunion was signed in March 2004, which commenced on 1 January 2005. Kenya, the region's largest exporter, continued to pay duties on goods entering the other four countries on a declining scale until 2010. A common system of tariffs will apply to goods imported from third-party countries. On 30 November 2016 it was declared that the immediate aim would be confederation rather than federation. The presidents of Kenya and Rwanda invited the Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan to apply for membership upon the independence of South Sudan in 2011, and South Sudan was reportedly an applicant country as of mid-July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049284",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nthe process. In December 2012, Tanzania agreed to South Sudan’s bid to join the EAC, clearing the way for the world’s newest state to become the regional bloc’s sixth member. In May 2013 the EAC set aside US$82,000 for the admission of South Sudan into the bloc even though admission may not happen until 2016. The process, to start after the EAC Council of Ministers meeting in August 2013, was projected to take at least four years. At the 14th Ordinary Summit held in Nairobi in 2012, EAC heads of state approved the verification report that was presented by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049285",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nCouncil of Ministers, then directed it to start the negotiation process with South Sudan. A team was formed to assess South Sudan's bid; however, in April 2014, the nation requested a delay in the admissions process, presumably due to ongoing internal conflict. South Sudan's Minister of Foreign Affairs, Barnaba Marial Benjamin, claimed publicly in October 2015 that, following evaluations and meetings of a special technical committee in May, June, August, September and October, the committee has recommended that South Sudan be allowed to join the East African Community. Those recommendations, however, had not been released to the public. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4224805",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Federation\"\nlargest in Africa and 43rd largest in the world. The federation of the current East African Community into a single state has been discussed, with early estimates of the founding of the federation in 2013. In 2010, the EAC launched its own common market for goods, labour and capital within the region, with the goal of a common currency by 2013 and full political federation in 2015. South Sudan was approved for membership of the EAC in March 2016, and acceded in September 2016. It would become the 6th member of the East African Federation. It is unclear how the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20778930",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of South Sudan\"\nto shed its reliance on Sudan, reportedly planning to introduce the Swahili language and orient itself toward East Africa. Sudan was the first country to recognise the independence of South Sudan on 8 July 2011, 1 day prior to independence. Four other states followed suit on 8 July. Over 25 countries had recognised the country on 9 July, including all permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. On 14 July 2011, South Sudan was admitted as a member of the United Nations without a vote or objections raised by its members. Both before and after South Sudan admission to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4735761",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nEast African Community The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of six countries in the African Great Lakes region in eastern Africa: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. John Magufuli, the president of Tanzania, is the EAC's chairman. The organisation was founded in 1967, collapsed in 1977, and was revived on 7 July 2000. In 2008, after negotiations with the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the EAC agreed to an expanded free trade area including the member states of all three organizations. The EAC is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12136367",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community Treaty\"\nEast African Community Treaty The treaty for the establishment of the East African Community was signed on 30 November 1999 and entered into force on 7 July 2000 following its ratification by the original three Partner States – Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The Republic of Rwanda and the Republic of Burundi acceded to the Treaty on 18 June 2007 and became full members of the Community with effect from 1 July 2007. The accord established the East African Community whereby all participating nations agreed to establish more cooperative commercial and political relations for their cumulative 133 million citizens. The treaty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809413",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nfor Kenyan, Tanzanian, and Ugandan exports. This was contradicted by President Salva Kiir, who announced South Sudan had officially embarked on the application process one month later. The application was initially deferred by the EAC in December 2012, however incidents with Ugandan boda-boda operators in South Sudan have created political tension and may delay the process. In December 2012, Tanzania officially agreed to South Sudan's bid to join the EAC, clearing the way for the world's newest state to become the regional bloc's sixth member. In May 2013 The EAC set aside $82,000 for the admission of South Sudan into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20684994",
"chunk_text": "\"History of South Sudan\"\nThis agreement lasted until 2011, when South Sudan declared independence. From 9–15 January 2011 people from South Sudan voted on whether they should break away from Sudan and declare independence. On 30 January 2011, the results had shown that 98.83% of the population had voted for independence from Sudan. At midnight on 9 July 2011, South Sudan became an independent country under the name Republic of South Sudan. On 14 July 2011, South Sudan became the 193rd member state of the United Nations. On 28 July 2011, South Sudan joined the African Union as its 54th member state. Certain disputes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20126149",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nGovernment of Southern Sudan was formed. South Sudan became an independent state on 9 July 2011, following a referendum that passed with 98.83% of the vote. South Sudan has a population of 12 million, with Christianity as the majority religion. Half of the habitants in South Sudan are under 18 years of age, said Virginia Gamba, the UN Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict when he visited South Sudan in April 2017. It is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the East African Community and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development. In July 2012, South Sudan signed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12136368",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community Treaty\"\nwent into effect on July 7, 2000. East African Community Treaty The treaty for the establishment of the East African Community was signed on 30 November 1999 and entered into force on 7 July 2000 following its ratification by the original three Partner States – Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The Republic of Rwanda and the Republic of Burundi acceded to the Treaty on 18 June 2007 and became full members of the Community with effect from 1 July 2007. The accord established the East African Community whereby all participating nations agreed to establish more cooperative commercial and political relations for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20126177",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nRationalist process included Kenya, Uganda, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, Eritrea, United Kingdom, Norway. South Sudan is a member state of the United Nations, the African Union, and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. South Sudan plans to join the Commonwealth of Nations, the East African Community, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank. Some international trade organizations categorize South Sudan as part of the Greater Horn of Africa Full membership in the Arab League has been assured, should the country's government choose to seek it, though it could also opt for observer status. It was admitted to UNESCO",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587503",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\non 3 November 2011. On 25 November 2011, it officially joined the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, a regional grouping of East African states. The United States supported the 2011 referendum on South Sudan's independence. The \"\"New York Times\"\" reported that \"\"South Sudan is in many ways an American creation, carved out of war-torn Sudan in a referendum largely orchestrated by the United States, its fragile institutions nurtured with billions of dollars in American aid.\"\" The U.S. government's long-standing sanctions against the Sudan were officially removed from applicability to newly independent South Sudan in December 2011, and senior RSS officials participated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587472",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nSouth Sudan South Sudan (), officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa. The country gained its independence from the Republic of the Sudan in 2011, making it the newest country with widespread recognition. Its capital and largest city is Juba. South Sudan is bordered by Sudan to the north, Ethiopia to the east, Kenya to the southeast, Uganda to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southwest and the Central African Republic to the west. It includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd, formed by the White Nile",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19599495",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Africa Standby Force\"\n2013, the Republic of South Sudan had the status of an observer and, according to EASF, was expected to eventually become a full member shortly. In June 2014, Somali Prime Minister Ahmed recommitted Somalia to the force during an African Union Summit in Equatorial Guinea. A follow-up meeting on troop contributions from the EASF member nations was conducted in August 2014. The predecessor of EASF, EASBRIG, was formed on September 10, 2004 through a Policy Framework between the member states, following the decision of the Summit of the African Union (AU) held in July of the same year in Addis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20149224",
"chunk_text": "\"Trade in the East African Community\"\ncollapse of the bloc in 1977. The rebirth of the treaty that still stands was created in 1999, and this group of three countries held together until 2009 when Burundi and Rwanda joined. Eventually, in 2016, South Sudan joined the group and trade has been bolstered within each country ever since. With the help of harmonization of monetary and fiscal policies among the nations, there has been an enormous effort in eventually becoming one large nation, Political Federation of the East African States. Becoming one nation will bring improved terms of trade as countries will want to ensure that their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9180932",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nactions toward black Africans, its record of human rights violations, and its history of hostilities with both Uganda and South Sudan, it was ineligible to join. Sudan's application was rejected by the EAC in December 2011. Representatives of Somalia applied for membership in the EAC in March 2012. The application was considered by the EAC Heads of State in December 2012, which requested that the EAC Council work with Somalia to verify their application. In February 2015, the EAC again deliberated on the matter but deferred a decision as verification had not yet started nor had preparations with the government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809352",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nNuba Mountains. On 9 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th independent country in Africa and since 14 July 2011, South Sudan is the 193rd member of the United Nations. On 27 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th country to join the African Union. South Sudan was at war with at least seven armed groups in 9 of its 10 states, with tens of thousands displaced. The fighters accuse the government of plotting to stay in power indefinitely, not fairly representing and supporting all tribal groups while neglecting development in rural areas. Joseph Kony's Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20681979",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nthe bloc even though admission may not happen until 2016. The process, to start after the EAC Council of Ministers meeting in August 2013, was projected to take at least four years. At the 14th Ordinary Summit held in Nairobi in 2012, EAC heads of state approved the verification report that was presented by the Council of Ministers, then directed it to start the negotiation process with South Sudan. A team was formed to assess South Sudan's bid; however, in April 2014, the nation requested a delay in the admissions process, presumably due to South Sudanese Civil War. South Sudan's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18925673",
"chunk_text": "\"History of South Sudan\"\nHistory of South Sudan The history of South Sudan comprises the history of the territory of present-day South Sudan and the peoples inhabiting the region. South Sudan seceded from the Republic of Sudan in 2011. Geographically, South Sudan is not part of the Sudan region at all (the Sahel), forming as it does part of Sub-Saharan Africa. In modern terminology, it does, however, include parts of the East Sudanian Savanna. Its inclusion in \"\"Sudan\"\" is due to the southward expansion of the Ottoman Khedivate of Egypt in the 19th century, and its consequent inclusion in Mahdist Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9180950",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nprocedures of work permits and the classification process, and the compilation of studies on the Harmonization of Labour Laws and Employment Policies (now in its final stages). East African Community The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of six countries in the African Great Lakes region in eastern Africa: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. John Magufuli, the president of Tanzania, is the EAC's chairman. The organisation was founded in 1967, collapsed in 1977, and was revived on 7 July 2000. In 2008, after negotiations with the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and the Common",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1520926",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of South Sudan\"\nin the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, which has expressed interest in giving South Sudan admission despite not being a majority Muslim state. On 24 July 2011, President Salva Kiir told the Speaker of the East African Legislative Assembly that he hoped the EAC will consider expediting South Sudan's accession to the supranational organisation. South Sudan is considered very likely to join the EAC, but an exact timetable for admission has not yet been mooted publicly. Bangladesh recognizes the independence of South Sudan on July 20, 2011. China recognizes the independence of South Sudan on July 9, 2011. Essam Sharaf, Prime",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049283",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nSeptember 2011, the \"\"Daily Nation\"\" quoted a South Sudanese MP as saying that while his government was eager to join the EAC, it would likely delay its membership over concerns that its economy was not sufficiently developed to compete with EAC member states and could become a \"\"dumping ground\"\" for Kenyan, Tanzanian, and Ugandan exports. This was contradicted by President Salva Kiir, who announced South Sudan had begun the application process one month later. The application was deferred by the EAC in December 2012, however incidents with Ugandan boda-boda operators in South Sudan have created political tension and may delay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4735763",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\nUganda have cooperated with each other since the early 20th century. The customs union between Kenya and Uganda in 1917, which Tanganyika joined in 1927, was followed by the East African High Commission (EAHC) from 1948 to 1961, the East African Common Services Organization (EACSO) from 1961 to 1967, and the 1967 to 1977 EAC. Burundi and Rwanda joined the EAC on 6 July 2009. Inter-territorial co-operation between the Kenya Colony, the Uganda Protectorate, and the Tanganyika Territory was formalised in 1948 by the EAHC. This provided a customs union, a common external tariff, currency, and postage. It also dealt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6697505",
"chunk_text": "\"East Africa\"\nPuntland and Somaliland regions of Somalia, have also seen relative stability. South Sudan peacefully seceded from Sudan in 2011, six and a half years after a peace agreement ended the Second Sudanese Civil War. South Sudanese independence was nearly derailed by the South Kordofan conflict, particularly a dispute over the status of the Abyei Area, and both Abyei and South Kordofan's Nuba Hills remain a source of tension between Juba and Khartoum. According to the CIA, as of 2017, the countries in the eastern Africa region have a total population of around 537.9 million inhabitants. East Africa East Africa or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587556",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nofficials said that President Salva Kiir Mayardit was blocking food deliveries to some areas. Furthermore, UNICEF warned that more than 1 million children in South Sudan were subjected to malnutrition. An outbreak of fall armyworm further threatened sorghum and maize production by July 2017. South Sudan South Sudan (), officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa. The country gained its independence from the Republic of the Sudan in 2011, making it the newest country with widespread recognition. Its capital and largest city is Juba. South Sudan is bordered by Sudan to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587473",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nand known locally as the \"\"Bahr al Jabal\"\", meaning \"\"Mountain Sea\"\". Nilotic peoples form the majority of its population. The territories of modern South Sudan and the Republic of the Sudan were occupied by Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty and later governed as an Anglo-Egyptian condominium until Sudanese independence was achieved in 1956. Following the First Sudanese Civil War, the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was formed in 1972 and lasted until 1983. A second Sudanese civil war soon broke out and ended with the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. Later that year, southern autonomy was restored when an Autonomous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049280",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\narap Moi of Kenya, Ali Hassan Mwinyi of Tanzania, and Yoweri Kaguta Museveni of Uganda signed the Treaty for East African Co-operation in Kampala on 1993 and established a Tri-partite Commission for Co-operation. A process of re-integration was embarked on involving tripartite programmes of co-operation in political, economic, social and cultural fields, research and technology, defence, security, and legal and judicial affairs. The EAC was revived on 30 November 1999, when the treaty for its re-establishment was signed. It came into force on 7 July 2000, 23 years after the collapse of the previous community and its organs. A customs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12049282",
"chunk_text": "\"East African Community\"\n2011. Analysts suggested that South Sudan's early efforts to integrate infrastructure, including rail links and oil pipelines, with systems in Kenya and Uganda indicated intention on the part of Juba to pivot away from dependence on Sudan and toward the EAC. Reuters considers South Sudan the likeliest candidate for EAC expansion in the short term, and an article in Tanzanian daily \"\"The Citizen\"\" that reported East African Legislative Assembly Speaker Abdirahin Haithar Abdi said South Sudan was \"\"free to join the EAC\"\" asserted that analysts believe the country will soon become a full member of the regional body. On 17",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809351",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nto determine whether South Sudan should become an independent country and separate from Sudan. 98.83% of the population voted for independence. South Sudan formally became independent from Sudan on 9 July, although certain disputes still remained, including the division of oil revenues, as 75% of all the former Sudan's oil reserves are in South Sudan. The region of Abyei still remains disputed and a separate referendum will be held in Abyei on whether they want to join Sudan or South Sudan. The South Kordofan conflict broke out in June 2011 between the Army of Sudan and the SPLA over the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17543264",
"chunk_text": "\"Israel–South Sudan relations\"\nIsrael–South Sudan relations Israel – South Sudan relations refers to the bilateral ties between the State of Israel and the Republic of South Sudan. Israel recognised South Sudan on 10 July 2011, a day after South Sudan became an independent state. On 15 July, South Sudan announced that it intended to have full diplomatic relations with Israel. On 28 July, Israel announced that it had established full diplomatic ties with South Sudan. At the moment ties are primarily economic, though the political facet is an integral feature. Relations between the two entities began in the late 1960s, when leaders of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20684992",
"chunk_text": "\"History of South Sudan\"\nthe Southern Sudan Autonomous Region. In 1983, President of Sudan Gaafar Nimeiry declared all Sudan an Islamic state under Shari'a law, including the non-Islamic majority southern region. The Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was abolished on 5 June 1983, ending the Addis Ababa Agreement. In direct response to this, the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) was formed under the leadership of John Garang, and the Second Sudanese Civil War erupted. Several factions split from the SPLA often along ethnic lines and were funded and armed by Khartoum, with the most notable being the SPLA-Nasir in 1991 led by Riek Machar. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16801458",
"chunk_text": "\"Bor, South Sudan\"\nBor, in May 1983, leading to the birth of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement and Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLM/SPLA). Bor was also the scene of the 1991 Bor massacre, where approximately 2,000 people were killed. Eventually South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011. Following the 2013 South Sudanese coup d'état attempt, Bor was contested in several weeks of combat between the national army and rebels led by Riek Machar. A portion of the Nuer White Army joined the fighting as well. In 2016, Bor Town was designated as the seat of Bor Municipality. The same order sub-divided the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8953118",
"chunk_text": "\"Sudan People's Liberation Movement\"\nSudan People's Liberation Movement The Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) (, \"\"Al-Ḥarakat ash-Shaʿbiyyat liTaḥrīr as-Sūdān\"\") is a political party in South Sudan. It was initially founded as the political wing of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA, key protagonist of the Second Sudanese Civil War) in 1983. On January 9, 2005 the SPLA, SPLM and Government of Sudan signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, ending the civil war. SPLM then obtained representation in the Government of Sudan, and was the main constituent of the Government of the then semi-autonomous Southern Sudan. When South Sudan became a sovereign state on 9 July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20684997",
"chunk_text": "\"History of South Sudan\"\nthe border as Sudanese soldiers backed by tanks and artillery launched three waves of attacks deep inside South Sudan. At least one South Sudanese soldier was killed and two wounded in the attack. The two parties recommenced negotiations in June 2012 under mediation by the African Union's envoy Thabo Mbeki. On 27 September, Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir and South Sudanese President Salva Kiir signed eight agreements in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, which led the way to resume important oil exports and create a demilitarised zone along their border. The agreements allows for the return of of South Sudanese oil to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1277571",
"chunk_text": "\"Southern Sudan Autonomous Region (2005–11)\"\nand Equatoria ceased to exist as an Egyptian outpost in 1889. Important settlements in Equatoria included Lado, Gondokoro, Dufile and Wadelai. In 1947, British hopes to join the southern part of Sudan with Uganda were dashed by the Juba Conference, to unify northern and southern Sudan. The region was affected by two civil wars since Sudanese independence – the Sudanese government fought the Anyanya rebel army from 1955 to 1972 in the First Sudanese Civil War and then SPLA/M in the Second Sudanese Civil War for almost twenty-one years after the founding of SPLA/M in 1983 – resulting in serious",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20681976",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nhas not yet been reached between Sudan and South Sudan regarding this highly contentious issue. The presidents of Kenya and Rwanda invited the Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan to apply for membership upon the independence of South Sudan in 2011, and South Sudan was reportedly an applicant country as of mid-July 2011. Analysts suggested that South Sudan's early efforts to integrate infrastructure, including rail links and oil pipelines, with systems in Kenya and Uganda indicated intention on the part of Juba to pivot away from dependence on Sudan and toward the EAC. Reuters considered South Sudan the likeliest candidate for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7003173",
"chunk_text": "\"Salva Kiir Mayardit\"\nare allowed to carry out their duties safely.\"\" At present, none of the parties responsible for ordering the murders or perpetrators of the crimes have been arrested, charged, or convicted. In mid-October 2011, Kiir announced South Sudan had applied for accession to the East African Community. He declared the EAC to be \"\"at the centre of our hearts\"\" due to its members' support of the South during the Sudanese civil wars. On 20 December 2011, Kiir visited Israel to thank it for its support during the First Sudanese Civil War in 1956–1972, and met with Israeli president Shimon Peres to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19828158",
"chunk_text": "\"India–South Sudan relations\"\nIndia–South Sudan relations India–South Sudan relations refers to the bilateral ties between the Republic of India and the Republic of South Sudan. India recognised South Sudan on 9 July 2011, the day South Sudan became an independent state. India maintains an embassy at Juba, and South Sudan maintains an embassy in New Delhi. India remained neutral during the First Sudanese Civil War (1962-72) and the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005). The Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was established at the end of the First Civil War. Indian President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed visited the region in December 1975, and addressed the Regional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18925705",
"chunk_text": "\"History of South Sudan\"\nmillion having fled to neighboring countries, especially Uganda and Sudan. General: History of South Sudan The history of South Sudan comprises the history of the territory of present-day South Sudan and the peoples inhabiting the region. South Sudan seceded from the Republic of Sudan in 2011. Geographically, South Sudan is not part of the Sudan region at all (the Sahel), forming as it does part of Sub-Saharan Africa. In modern terminology, it does, however, include parts of the East Sudanian Savanna. Its inclusion in \"\"Sudan\"\" is due to the southward expansion of the Ottoman Khedivate of Egypt in the 19th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20681981",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nof the treaty in April 2016. South Sudan has applied to join the Commonwealth of Nations, considering that South Sudan was part of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, and has 2 Commonwealth republics, Kenya and Uganda as neighbouring countries. South Sudan has of single-track gauge railway line from the Sudanese border to Wau terminus. There are proposed extensions from Wau to Juba. There are also plans to link Juba with the Kenyan and Ugandan railway networks. The busiest and most developed airport in South Sudan is Juba Airport, which has regular international connections to Asmara, Entebbe, Nairobi, Cairo, Addis Ababa, and Khartoum.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20126176",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan\"\nmade his first foreign visit to Khartoum and Juba in the lead-up to South Sudan's secession. Israel quickly recognized South Sudan as an independent country, and is host to thousands of refugees from South Sudan, who now face deportation to their native country. According to American sources the President Obama officially recognised the new state after Sudan (now North Sudan). Egypt, Sudan, Germany and Kenya were among the first to recognise the country's independence on 8 July 2011. Several states that participated in the international negotiations concluded with a self-determination referendum were also quick to acknowledge the overwhelming result. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10094538",
"chunk_text": "\"Politics of South Sudan\"\nPolitics of South Sudan The politics of South Sudan concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan, a country in East Africa, and the people, organisations, and events involved in it. Prior to autonomy and eventual independence, Southern Sudan was a region of the Republic of Sudan, which had achieved independence from the co-rule of Great Britain and Egypt in 1956. Sudan had been divided culturally and ethnically between the majority-Muslim Arab north and the majority-Christian Nilotic south. Southern leaders and members of the Sudan Defense Force cited oppression of the North as reason for growing tensions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20127582",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of South Sudan\"\nGeography of South Sudan The geography of South Sudan describes the physical features of South Sudan, a country in East Africa. South Sudan is a landlocked country and borders - clockwise - Sudan from the north, Ethiopia from the east, Kenya, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo from the south and the Central African Republic from the west. Until July 9, 2011 it was part of Sudan, then the largest country in Africa before a referendum took place in January 2011. South Sudan is divided into 32 states which correspond to three historical regions of the Sudan: Bahr",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7319188",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan at the Olympics\"\nSouth Sudan at the Olympics South Sudan competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. The South Sudan National Olympic Committee (NOC) was admitted by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) at the 128th IOC Session on 2 August 2015. South Sudan was part of Sudan until 2011, when it gained independence after a referendum. Sudan has competed at the Olympics since 1960. Under IOC rules, the South Sudan NOC was not eligible for IOC membership until national sports federations had joined both the NOC and the corresponding international federation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12971927",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan Liberation Movement\"\nin the 1980s. The SSLM was formed in the context of widespread factional fighting among the Western Nuer ethnic group of Unity, South Sudan, who had signed a peace treaty with the government on 21 April 1997. The pro-government SSDF militia, comprising a large number of Nuer, had divided into warring factions led by Riek Machar and Paulino Matip. As Riek was being defeated, opposing government-aligned militias attacked civilians around the oilfields in South Sudan, causing a stream of Nuer refugees to flee towards SPLA-controlled Bahr al-Ghazal for protection. At least two previously pro-government Nuer militias aligned themselves with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "377450",
"chunk_text": "\"Southern Sudan Autonomous Region (2005–11)\"\npopulation. The SPLA insisted that Southern Sudan included closer to one-third of the national population and that Southern Sudanese had been undercounted. A referendum on independence for Southern Sudan was held from January 9–15, 2011. Preliminary results released by the Southern Sudan Referendum Commission on January 30, 2011 indicate that 98% of voters selected the \"\"separation\"\" option, with 1% selecting \"\"unity\"\". Southern Sudan became an independent country on July 9, 2011, a date set by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. On 31 January 2011, Sudanese Vice-President Ali Osman Mohamed Taha stated the Sudanese Government's \"\"acceptance\"\" of the referendum results. On January",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20812076",
"chunk_text": "\"South Sudan–Sudan relations\"\namid Sudan's claim that they would have to return or apply for work permits. Economic relations include the transfer of South Sudanese oil via Sudanese pipelines to the Red Sea for export. Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir was scheduled to make his first visit to the south on 12 April 2013 since independence. South Sudan–Sudan relations Bilateral relations between South Sudan and Sudan were officially started on 9 July 2011 following the former's independence from the latter. Sudan became the first country in the world to recognize the independence of South Sudan. Since South Sudan's independence, relations between South Sudan and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_486
|
when did cricket go to 6 ball overs?
|
n/a
|
[
"1979/80",
"Since 1979/80"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11796932",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket\"\nsix ball over. The 1947 \"\"Laws of Cricket\"\" allowed six or eight balls depending on the conditions of play. Since the 1979/80 Australian and New Zealand seasons, the six balls per over has been used worldwide and the most recent version of the Laws in 2000 only permits six ball overs. When the Imperial Cricket Conference (as it was originally called) was founded in 1909, only England, Australia and South Africa were members. West Indies (1928), New Zealand (1930) and India (1932) became Test nations before World War II and Pakistan (1952) soon afterwards. The international game grew with several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11796931",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket\"\nand then this was changed to the current six balls per over in 1900. Subsequently, some countries experimented with eight balls per over. In 1922, the number of balls per over was changed from six to eight in Australia only. In 1924 the eight balls per over was extended to New Zealand and in 1937 to South Africa. In England, the eight balls per over was adopted experimentally for the 1939 season; the intention was to continue the experiment in 1940, but first-class cricket was suspended for the Second World War and when it resumed, English cricket reverted to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13759422",
"chunk_text": "\"Over (cricket)\"\nover, but merely stated that the number of balls should be agreed by the two captains prior to the toss. In practice, the number of balls was usually stipulated in the playing regulations governing the match being played. Although six was the usual number of balls, it was not always the case. From the 1980 code onwards, law 17.1 was amended to read, \"\"\"\"The ball shall be bowled from each end alternately in overs of 6 balls\"\"\"\". Balls per over In England In Australia In South Africa In New Zealand In Pakistan In India, West Indies, Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe, Bangladesh,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13759421",
"chunk_text": "\"Over (cricket)\"\nbowling pattern and tire the fielders by making them reposition themselves frequently. Since 1979/80, all Test cricket has been played with six balls per over. However, overs in Test cricket originally had four balls per over, and there have been varying numbers of balls per over around the world up to 1979/80, generally the same as the number of balls per over in force in other first-class cricket in that country. Prior to the Laws of Cricket (1980 Code), law 17.1 (Number of balls [in the over]) did not explicitly specify the number of balls to be bowled in an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13759413",
"chunk_text": "\"Over (cricket)\"\nOver (cricket) In the sport of cricket, an over consists of six consecutive legal balls bowled by a single bowler from one end of a cricket pitch to the batsman at the other end. After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession. Although this has not always been so, with overs of four, and eight balls, currently an over must consist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11796930",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket\"\nTrophy in India. The period from 1890 to the outbreak of the First World War has become one of nostalgia, ostensibly because the teams played cricket according to \"\"the spirit of the game\"\", but more realistically because it was a peacetime period that was shattered by the First World War. The era has been called The Golden Age of cricket and it featured numerous great names such as Grace, Wilfred Rhodes, C. B. Fry, Ranjitsinhji and Victor Trumper. Cricket started with four balls per over. In 1889 the four balls per over was replaced by a five balls per over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13759423",
"chunk_text": "\"Over (cricket)\"\nthe United Arab Emirates (venue, not host) and Ireland all Test matches have been played with six ball overs. Over (cricket) In the sport of cricket, an over consists of six consecutive legal balls bowled by a single bowler from one end of a cricket pitch to the batsman at the other end. After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4259275",
"chunk_text": "\"Powerplay (cricket)\"\nwith only two fielders allowed outside the 30-yard circle. Beginning with the seventh over, no more than five fielders will be allowed outside the 30-yard circle. Fielding restrictions evolved through the 1970s, notably in World Series Cricket, and were first introduced in ODIs in 1980 in Australia. The most common rule was for only two fieldsmen to be allowed outside the circle in the first fifteen overs, then five fieldsmen allowed outside the circle for the remaining overs. The powerplay moniker was introduced by the International Cricket Council in 2005, when the fielding restrictions were split into three blocks: the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6574075",
"chunk_text": "No-ball\nback foot. The change in the Law led to an increase in no-balls: in the 1962–63 series between Australia and England there were 5 no-balls; in the series between the two teams three years later there were 25. Until 1957, there was no limitation on fielders behind square on the leg side. The change is often attributed to the desire to thwart bodyline, but the Bodyline Controversy was in 1933. The conservative instincts of cricket, and the intervention of World War II, may have been factors in the delay, but as the bodyline article explains, there was more than one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13284615",
"chunk_text": "\"Limited overs cricket\"\nsince inauguration, though the sponsorship has changed. There is now one 50 over competition, which is called the Royal London One-Day Cup. The first Limited Overs International (LOI) or One-Day International (ODI) match was played in Melbourne in 1971, and the quadrennial cricket World Cup began in 1975. Many of the \"\"packaging\"\" innovations, such as coloured clothing, were as a result of World Series Cricket, a \"\"rebel\"\" series set up outside the cricketing establishment by Australian entrepreneur Kerry Packer. For more details, see History of cricket. Twenty20, a curtailed form of one-day cricket with 20 overs per side, was first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6411513",
"chunk_text": "\"Fielding restrictions (cricket)\"\nis the first block of 10). Powerplays were first encountered in the One Day International between England and Australia on 7 July 2005. For the rest of the innings, a more generous maximum of five fielders in the outfield applies. Fielding restrictions were first introduced in the Australian 1980-81 season. By 1992, only two fieldsmen were allowed outside the circle in the first fifteen overs, then five fieldsmen allowed outside the circle for the remaining overs. This was shortened to ten overs in 2005, and two five-over powerplays were introduced, with the bowling team having discretion over the timing for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9762507",
"chunk_text": "Cricket\ncricket continued to expand during the 20th century with the addition of the West Indies (1928), New Zealand (1930) and India (1932) before the Second World War and then Pakistan (1952), Sri Lanka (1982), Zimbabwe (1992) and Bangladesh (2000) in the post-war period. South Africa was banned from international cricket from 1970 to 1992 as part of the apartheid boycott. Cricket entered a new era in 1963 when English counties introduced the limited overs variant. As it was sure to produce a result, limited overs cricket was lucrative and the number of matches increased. The first Limited Overs International was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19250357",
"chunk_text": "\"Cricket bat\"\nmaximum length of 38 inches, indeed very few exceed 35 inches. Various companies have over the years tried new shapes that come within the laws of the game to make a name for themselves and to improve sales. In the 1960s the first shoulderless bats appeared from Slazenger. This allowed more of the weight to be redistributed to the \"\"sweet spot\"\" of the blade providing more power to each stroke, whilst still having good balance and light \"\"pick up.\"\" This style of bat was made famous by Lance Cairns's six sixes in a match played in 1983. The 1970s saw",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2364528",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty20 International\"\nplayed in England in the Late Middle Ages, but it did not rise to prominence until the eighteenth century. A set of laws were drawn up in 1744, and the game achieved a level of relative standardisation by the late nineteenth century. One-day cricket was trialled in 1962, and the first domestic tournament played the following year, and in 1971, England and Australia contested the first One Day International. The match consisted of one innings for each side, with 40 eight-ball overs. In the 1990s, a number of countries were exploring the possibility of a shorter game still: in New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4803803",
"chunk_text": "\"Boundary (cricket)\"\nOne Day International is 38, which was achieved in a match between India and Australia at M Chinnaswamy Stadium on 2 November 2013. India and Australia hit 19 sixes each. The equivalent record in Twenty20 Internationals was set on the AMI Stadium, 24 sixes were hit during the Twenty20 International match between India and New Zealand on 25 February 2009. In 2012, during the First Test against Bangladesh in Dhaka, West Indies cricketer Chris Gayle became the first player to hit a six off the first ball in a Test cricket match. On 31 August 1968, Garfield Sobers became the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11796937",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket\"\nthem to show off their skills in an international arena against other world-class players. The schism lasted only until 1979 and the \"\"rebel\"\" players were allowed back into established international cricket, though many found that their national teams had moved on without them. Long-term results of World Series Cricket have included the introduction of significantly higher player salaries and innovations such as coloured kit and night games. In the 1960s, English county teams began playing a version of cricket with games of only one innings each and a maximum number of overs per innings. Starting in 1963 as a knockout",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4803804",
"chunk_text": "\"Boundary (cricket)\"\nfirst man to hit six sixes off a single six-ball over in first-class cricket. The over was bowled by Malcolm Nash in Nottinghamshire's first innings against Glamorgan at St Helen's in Swansea. Nash was a seam bowler but decided to try his arm at spin bowling. This achievement was caught on film. On 16 March 2007, in a match between South Africa and the Netherlands at the 2007 Cricket World Cup, Herschelle Gibbs became the first person to hit six sixes off an over in a One Day International match. The over was bowled by Dutch leg-spinner Daan van Bunge.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14341279",
"chunk_text": "\"Delivery (cricket)\"\nnot as evident among the lesser skilled batsmen in comparison to the experienced ones. Underarm or lob bowling was the original cricket delivery style,but had largely died out before the 20th century, although it was used until 1910 by George Simpson-Hayward, and remained a legal delivery type. On 1 February 1981, when Australia was playing New Zealand in a One Day International cricket match, and New Zealand needed six runs to tie the match from the final ball. Greg Chappell, the Australian captain, ordered the bowler (his brother Trevor) to bowl underarm, rolling the ball along the ground to prevent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1028599",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Over\"\nmain match. In the 2014–15 season, the Big Bash League began using a variation of the rules, allowing each innings the full amount of 10 wickets. The first implementation of Super Overs was in the tied Twenty20 match between the West Indies and New Zealand on 26 December 2008. West Indies scored 25/1 in their super over and New Zealand replied with 15/2. This particular match was a trial of the Super Over concept, and the official result was a tie. Super Over A Super Over, also called a one-over eliminator or simply an eliminator, is a tie-breaking method used",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4259277",
"chunk_text": "\"Powerplay (cricket)\"\nof the 16th over and both must be completed before the commencement of the 41st over, so overs 11 to 15 and 41 to 50 cannot be powerplay overs. Should either or both teams choose not to exercise their discretion, their powerplay overs will automatically commence at the latest available point in the innings (e.g. in a 50-over innings with one unclaimed powerplay, it will begin at the start of the 36th over). On October 29, 2012, the ICC made further amendments on powerplays, reducing the number of blocks of powerplays from three to two. From 1992 to 2012, during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3470645",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Over\"\nSuper Over A Super Over, also called a one-over eliminator or simply an eliminator, is a tie-breaking method used in limited-overs cricket matches. The super over is a reduced version of the match that consists only of one over (six balls) and two wickets for each team. The official result of the match would be a \"\"tie\"\" but within the context of the tournament or series, the winning team of the \"\"Super Over\"\" is declared the winner of the match and the victory is seen as equivalent of one earned in a regular match. Runs scored in super overs do",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9600265",
"chunk_text": "\"Twenty20 International\"\nZealand, Martin Crowe developed Cricket Max, in which each team bats for 10 eight-ball overs, while in Australia they considered an eight-a-side contest they dubbed \"\"Super 8s\"\". At the same time, the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) conducted consumer research, and proposed the idea of a 20 overs-per-side contest, which would last for about three hours. The first match was played in 2003 between Hampshire and Sussex. The first Twenty20 International match between two men's sides was played on 17 February 2005, involving Australia and New Zealand. \"\"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\"\" reported that \"\"neither side took the game especially seriously\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15527298",
"chunk_text": "\"Cricket World Cup\"\nin 1930, India in 1932, and Pakistan in 1952. However, international cricket continued to be played as bilateral Test matches over three, four or five days. In the early 1960s, English county cricket teams began playing a shortened version of cricket which only lasted for one day. Starting in 1962 with a four-team knockout competition known as the Midlands Knock-Out Cup, and continuing with the inaugural Gillette Cup in 1963, one-day cricket grew in popularity in England. A national Sunday League was formed in 1969. The first One-Day International match was played on the fifth day of a rain-aborted Test",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15796596",
"chunk_text": "Cricket\nto be bowled but no further batsman is available to come in\"\". In this situation, one of the batsman has not been dismissed and is termed not out; this is because he has no partners left and there must always be two active batsmen while the innings is in progress. An innings may end early while there are still two not out batsmen: The Laws state that, throughout an innings, \"\"the ball shall be bowled from each end alternately in overs of 6 balls\"\". The name \"\"over\"\" came about because the umpire calls \"\"Over!\"\" when six balls have been bowled.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6222040",
"chunk_text": "\"One Day International\"\ncoloured kits and a white ball became more commonplace over time, and the use of white flannels and a red ball in ODIs ended in 2001. In the main the Laws of cricket apply. However, in ODIs, each team bats for a fixed number of overs. In the early days of ODI cricket, the number of overs was generally 60 overs per side, and matches were also played with 40, 45 or 55 overs per side, but now it has been uniformly fixed at 50 overs. Simply stated, the game works as follows: Where a number of overs are lost,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13284613",
"chunk_text": "\"Limited overs cricket\"\nforty-over cricket eight per bowler and for fifty-over cricket ten per bowler. There are exceptions: Pro Cricket in the United States restricted bowlers to five overs each, thus leaving a side requiring only four bowlers. The idea for a one-day, limited 50-over cricket tournament, was first played in the inaugural match of the All India Pooja Cricket Tournament in 1951 in the small town of Thrippunithura in Kerala. It is thought to be the brain child of KV Kelappan Thampuran, a former cricketer and the first Secretary of the Kerala Cricket Association. The one day limited over cricket game was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12793527",
"chunk_text": "\"Run rate\"\nDutchman Daan van Bunge. And then, on 19 September 2007 in the ICC World Twenty20 Super 8 match held at Kingsmead in Durban, Indian player Yuvraj Singh hit 6 sixes in an over up against English bowler Stuart Broad. What counts as a good run rate depends on the nature of the pitch, the type of match and the level of the game. A Test match held over five days typically shows a lower run rate than a limited-overs game, because batsmen adopt a more cautious approach, whereas in limited overs cricket the batsmen must adopt a more gung-ho approach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4803798",
"chunk_text": "\"Boundary (cricket)\"\nautomatically added to the batsman's and his team's score and the ball becomes dead. If the ball did not touch the bat or a hand holding the bat, four runs are scored as the relevant type of extra instead; six runs cannot be scored as extras, even if the ball clears the boundary, which is in any case extremely unlikely. Prior to 1910, six runs were only awarded for hits out of the ground. Four runs (or more) can also be scored by hitting the ball into the outfield and running between the wickets. Four runs scored in this way",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "892940",
"chunk_text": "\"Cricket World Cup\"\nThe first three events were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six-ball overs per team, played during the daytime in traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls. Eight teams participated in the first tournament: Australia, England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, and the West Indies (the six Test nations at the time), together with Sri Lanka and a composite team from East Africa. One notable omission was South Africa, who were banned from international cricket due to apartheid. The tournament was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18320405",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket to 1725\"\nis derived from the French \"\"battledore\"\", shaped like a table tennis bat, which was used by washerwomen to beat their washing with. The earliest reference to the cricket ball is found in 1658 in \"\"Mysteries of Love and Eloquence\"\" by Edward Phillips. The pitch has been 22 yards long (i.e., a chain) since the first known code of Laws in 1744 and it is believed this length had been in use since the introduction of Gunter's chain in 1620. The over consisted of four deliveries until the 19th century. The earliest known reference to the wicket is contained in lines",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14763991",
"chunk_text": "\"Short form cricket\"\nperformers. This makes it an extremely enjoyable format for amateur cricketers to play. Six-a-side Cricket is a very short form of the sport designed to be played by teams of only six players. Each team receives one innings, with a maximum of only five overs. Naturally, with far fewer fielders, runs are much easier to score, and sixes matches are typically frenetic affairs. As the games last less than an hour, sixes cricket is typically played in a tournament format with multiple teams competing at the same ground. Other major changes to the Laws of Cricket include: Six-a-side cricket or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8514235",
"chunk_text": "\"Hong Kong Cricket Sixes\"\nHong Kong Cricket Sixes The Hong Kong Cricket Sixes is a Six-a-side international cricket tournament held at the Kowloon Cricket Club comprising between eight and twelve teams. Organised by Cricket Hong Kong, it is sanctioned by the International Cricket Council. The tournament is designed for television viewing, with rules and a venue that encourage aggressive batting and high scoring. Because every player (except the wicket-keeper) is required to bowl one over, the format suits all-rounders. South Africa won the 2006 after downing five-time champions Pakistan. In 2007, Sri Lanka defeated an All-Stars team (featuring players such as Shivnarine Chanderpaul and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6222047",
"chunk_text": "\"One Day International\"\nin the Australian 1980–81 season. By 1992, only two fieldsmen were allowed outside the circle in the first fifteen overs, then five fieldsmen allowed outside the circle for the remaining overs. This was shortened to ten overs in 2005, and two five-over powerplays were introduced, with the bowling team having discretion over the timing for both. In 2008, the batting team was given discretion for the timing of one of the two powerplays. In 2011, the teams were restricted to completing the discretionary powerplays between the 16th and 40th overs; previously, the powerplays could take place at any time between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15796558",
"chunk_text": "Cricket\nin all-white kit, but in limited overs cricket they wear club or team colours. In addition to the basic kit, some players wear protective gear to prevent injury caused by the ball, which is a hard, solid spheroid made of compressed leather with a slightly raised sewn seam enclosing a cork core which is layered with tightly wound string. Historically, cricket's origins are uncertain and the earliest definite reference is in south-east England in the middle of the 16th century. It spread globally with the expansion of the British Empire, leading to the first international matches in the second half",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13284628",
"chunk_text": "\"Limited overs cricket\"\nThe best bowling figures are eight for 15 by Rahul Sanghvi for Delhi against Himachal Pradesh in a 50-overs match at Una in 1997. The highest international individual innings is by Rohit Sharma who scored 264. The highest score in any formal limited overs match is believed to be United's 630 for five against Bay Area in a 45 overs match at Richmond, California in August 2006. The most runs in an over was scored by Herschelle Gibbs of the South African cricket team when, in the 2007 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies, he hit 6 sixes in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19301180",
"chunk_text": "\"Six & Out\"\nOval in Hobart in 1999. All members of Six & Out are former New South Wales first-class cricketers. Six & Out Six & Out is an Australian rock band. The name is derived from the backyard cricket rule of Six and Out, which specifies that if a player hits a six that causes the ball to be lost, the player is automatically dismissed from further batting. One of their more prominent songs is \"\"Can't Bowl, Can't Throw\"\", which was released as a single and reached #100 on the ARIA singles chart, and whose title refers to the infamous cricket incident",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4803801",
"chunk_text": "\"Boundary (cricket)\"\nusually sees between 50 and 150 boundary fours. Sixes are less common, and usually fewer than 10 (and sometimes none) will be scored in the course of a match (especially a Test match). The record for most sixes in a Test match innings is 12, which was achieved by Pakistani all-rounder Wasim Akram during an innings of 257 not out against Zimbabwe in October 1996 at Sheikhupura. The One Day International record for most sixes hit in an innings is held by Rohit Sharma who hit 16 sixes against Australia in Bengaluru on 2 November 2013 in his innings of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9699374",
"chunk_text": "Bowl-out\nBowl-out A bowl-out (sometimes termed a bowl-off) is used in various forms of limited overs cricket to decide a match that would otherwise end in a tie. The procedure is similar to a penalty shootout in football. Five bowlers from each side deliver one or two balls each at an unguarded wicket (three stumps). If each team has hit the same number of wickets after the first five bowlers per side, the bowling continues and is decided by sudden death. A bowl-out was first used in the NatWest Trophy in June 1991 in a match between Derbyshire and Minor County",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12793526",
"chunk_text": "\"Run rate\"\nRun rate In cricket, the run rate (RR), or runs per over (RPO) is the average number of runs a batsman (or the batting side) scores in an over of 6 balls. It includes all runs, even the extras awarded due to errors by the bowler. Without extras and overthrows, the maximum run rate is 36 – if every ball were struck for six and, as such, this happens very rarely. During the 2007 Cricket World Cup match between The Netherlands and South Africa, South African batsman Herschelle Gibbs hit every ball in one over for six. The bowler was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8171192",
"chunk_text": "\"Indoor cricket (UK variant)\"\nitself differs significantly from its outdoor counterpart in several ways, most notably on the field of play and the means by which runs are obtained. The rules of 6-aside indoor cricket are identical to that of outdoor cricket with the following exceptions, some of which may vary between local leagues. There are six players per team, and the game is played over innings of a maximum of 12 overs of six balls, all of which take place from the same end of the pitch. Bowlers are limited to a maximum of three overs, and batsman must retire upon reaching a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13044580",
"chunk_text": "\"The Hundred (cricket)\"\nto propose a shortened format. On 19 April 2018, the ECB announced the creation of 100-ball cricket, in which there would be 15 traditional six-ball overs and a final ten-ball over. Other mooted changes include removing the LBW law. The plan drew significant opposition but was supported by England captain Joe Root. There will be eight city-based teams competing for the title over a 38-day period during the school summer holidays, which run from mid-July to early September. Each team will play four matches at home and four matches away (thereby playing their closest rival twice in a format similar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13284616",
"chunk_text": "\"Limited overs cricket\"\nplayed in England in 2003. It has proven very popular, and several Twenty20 matches have been played between national teams. It makes several changes to the usual laws of cricket, including the addition of a \"\"bowl-out\"\" (similar to a penalty shoot-out in football) to decide the result of tied matches, which was subsequently dispensed in favour of a Super Over. 100-ball cricket, another form of one-day cricket with 100 deliveries per side, will launch in England in 2020. It is designed to further shorten game time and hopes to attract a new audience. It makes further changes to the usual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16315256",
"chunk_text": "\"Bowling (cricket)\"\nits first revision of the laws, which prohibited charging down an opponent and also provided for mowing and covering the wicket in order to standardise conditions. The desire for standardisation reflected the massive increase in the popularity of cricket during the 18th century. Between 1730 and 1740, 150 cricket matches were recorded in the papers of the time. Between 1750 and 1760, this figure rose to 230, and between 1770 and 1790 over 500. The 19th century saw a series of significant changes. Wide deliveries were outlawed in 1811. The circumference of the ball was specified for the first time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "336346",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the ICC Cricket World Cup\"\nfirst held in 1975 in England, which was the only nation that was able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude. The first three tournaments were officially known as the Prudential Cup after the financial services company Prudential plc who sponsored the event. The matches were of 60 overs per team and played in traditional white uniform and red balls. They were all played during the day. Eight teams participated in the first tournament: Australia, England, the West Indies, Pakistan, India, and New Zealand (the six Test nations at the time), with Sri Lanka and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4803806",
"chunk_text": "\"Boundary (cricket)\"\n23 July 2017, Worcestershire Rapid's Ross Whiteley hit 6 sixes off six legal deliveries plus one wide to take the total number of runs in that over to 37 off bowler Karl Carver at Headingley. That achievement did not help Worcestershire Rapids beat the Yorkshire Vikings as the Yorkshire Vikings won by 37 runs after David Willey smashed 118. In October 2018 Afghan player Hazratullah Zazai hit 6 sixes in an over, becoming the third ever batsman to do so in a Twenty20. Boundary (cricket) In cricket a boundary is the edge or boundary of the playing field, or a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6463610",
"chunk_text": "\"Forms of cricket\"\novers per team, known statistically as List A cricket, is a second form of cricket which differs from first-class as the teams play one innings each and are allowed a maximum number of overs per innings. Matches are scheduled for completion in a single day's play, though they can in theory continue into a second day if impacted by bad weather. Most cricketing nations have some form of domestic List A competition. The over limits range from forty to sixty. The categorisation of \"\"List A\"\" was only endorsed by the ICC in 2006; the Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4259276",
"chunk_text": "\"Powerplay (cricket)\"\nmandatory ten overs at the start of the innings and two further five-over powerplays with the bowling team being able to choose the timing of both. In practice though, both were generally taken as soon as possible, effectively leading to a single block of 20 overs of fielding restrictions. To counter this, in 2008, the batting team was given discretion for the timing of one of the two powerplays. From October 1, 2011, the ICC brought additional changes to the bowling and batting powerplays. Under the new rules, in a 50-over match, neither powerplay may be taken before the start",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "336349",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the ICC Cricket World Cup\"\nWorld Cup hosted outside England. It was also the first tournament where the West Indies were unable to reach the final. The games were reduced from 60 to 50 overs per innings, the current standard, because of the shorter daylight hours on the subcontinent when compared to England. Australia won the championship by defeating England by 7 runs, the closest margin so far in World Cup final history. The 1992 Cricket World Cup held by Australia and New Zealand brought many changes to the game such as coloured clothing, white balls, day/night matches and an alteration to the fielding restrictions.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13759414",
"chunk_text": "\"Over (cricket)\"\nof six legal deliveries. If the bowler bowls a wide or a no-ball, that illegal delivery is not counted towards the six-ball tally, and another delivery will need to be bowled in its place. In the event that a bowler is injured, or is sent out of the attack by the umpire (for disciplinary reasons, such as bowling beamers), during the middle of an over, a teammate completes any remaining deliveries. Because a bowler may not bowl consecutive overs, the general tactic is for the captain to appoint two bowlers to alternate overs from opposite ends. When one bowler tires",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11796939",
"chunk_text": "\"History of cricket\"\nrain on the opening days. It was tried simply as an experiment and to give the players some exercise, but turned out to be immensely popular. limited-overs internationals (LOIs or ODIs—one-day internationals) have since grown to become a massively popular form of the game, especially for busy people who want to be able to see a whole match. The International Cricket Council reacted to this development by organising the first Cricket World Cup in England in 1975, with all the Test-playing nations taking part. Limited-overs cricket increased television ratings for cricket coverage. Innovative techniques introduced in coverage of limited-over matches",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_487
|
who votes in the speaker of the house?
|
n/a
|
[
"The House of Representatives"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3739826",
"chunk_text": "\"2019 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election\"\nbeen elected from House membership. The 435 members of the House of Representatives elect a Speaker by majority rule at the beginning of each session of the United States Congress, who serves until the end of the Congress. Typically, the election is a formality, as the majority party's members vote as a bloc for their party's previously-chosen Speaker-nominee (such as the speaker, majority leader, or minority leader from the previous term). Open elections are uncommon but have occurred. The last Speaker election to require multiple ballots occurred in 1923. The Democratic caucus vote was held on November 28, 2018. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178956",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nindicating the surname of the candidate the Representative is supporting. Representatives are not restricted to voting for one of the nominated candidates and may vote for any person, even for someone who is not a member of the House at all, and a few individuals have cast protest votes for non-members since 1997. They may also abstain by voting \"\"present\"\". Although no rule exists, based on tradition and practice from the earliest days of the nation, to be elected speaker a candidate must receive an absolute majority of all votes cast for individuals, i.e. excluding those who abstain. If no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799977",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nSpeaker. As the office has developed historically, however, it has taken on a clearly partisan cast, very different from the speakership of most Westminster-style legislatures, such as the Speaker of the British House of Commons, which is meant to be scrupulously non-partisan. The Speaker in the United States, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives, outranking the Majority Leader. However, despite having the right to vote, the Speaker usually does not participate in debate. The Speaker is responsible for ensuring that the House passes legislation supported by the majority party. In pursuing this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178957",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\ncandidate wins such a majority, then the roll call is repeated until a speaker is elected. The last time repeated votes were required was in 1923, when the Speaker was elected on the ninth ballot. The new Speaker is then sworn in by the Dean of the United States House of Representatives, the chamber's longest-serving member. In modern practice, the Speaker is chosen by the majority party from among its senior leaders either when a vacancy in the office arrives or when the majority party changes. Previous Speakers have been minority leaders (when the majority party changes, as they are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178955",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\n2018, Ryan announced he would not seek re-election in the 2018 mid-terms, and will also relinquish the office of Speaker when his term ends in 2019. The House of Representatives elects the Speaker of the House on the first day of every new Congress and in the event of the death, resignation or removal from the Chair of an incumbent Speaker. The Clerk of the House of Representatives requests nominations: there are normally two, one from each major party (each party having previously met to decide on its nominee). The Clerk then calls the roll of the Representatives, each Representative",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799985",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nconsider it. As a member of the House, the Speaker is entitled to participate in debate and to vote. Ordinarily, the Speaker votes only when the Speaker's vote would be decisive or on matters of great importance, such as constitutional amendments or major legislation. Because joint sessions and joint meetings of Congress are held in the House chamber, the Speaker presides over joint sessions to hear addresses by the President, and joint meetings to hear addresses from foreign leaders or other invited guests. However, the Twelfth Amendment and require that the President of the Senate preside over joint sessions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799944",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\ncandidate often face serious consequences, up to and including the loss of seniority. The last instance where a representative voted for the other party's candidate was in 2000, when Democrat Jim Traficant of Ohio voted for Republican Dennis Hastert. In response, the Democrats stripped him of his seniority and he lost all of his committee posts. If the Speaker's party loses control of the House in an election, and if the Speaker and Majority Leader both remain in the leadership hierarchy, they would become the Minority Leader and Minority Whip, respectively. As the minority party has historically had one less",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799988",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\ngovernment takes the Speaker's place in the line of succession seriously enough that, for example, following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Speakers used military jets to fly back and forth to their districts and for other travel until Speaker Boehner discontinued the practice in 2011. The Speaker of the House is one of the officers to whom declarations of presidential inability or ability to resume the Presidency must be addressed under the Twenty-fifth Amendment. To be elected as Speaker, a candidate must receive an absolute majority of all votes cast for individuals, excluding those who abstain. The most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16234078",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nwho are sent to trial before the Senate, and in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for President, the duty falls upon the House to elect one of the top three recipients of electors for that office, with one vote given to each state for that purpose. The presiding officer is the Speaker of the House, who is elected by the members thereof and is therefore traditionally the leader of the controlling party. The Speaker and other floor leaders are chosen by the Democratic Caucus or the Republican Conference, depending on whichever party has more voting members.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799943",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nFrederick H. Gillett, R-MA, to be Speaker. Mann had \"\"angered many Republicans by objecting to their private bills on the floor\"\", and was also a protégé of autocratic Speaker Joseph Gurney Cannon (R-IL18) who had been Speaker from 1903 to 1911, and was still in the House. Many members \"\"suspected that he [Mann] would try to re-centralize power in his hands if elected Speaker\"\". It is expected that members of the House vote for their party's candidate. If they do not, they usually vote for someone else in their party or vote \"\"present\"\". Those who vote for the other party's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178954",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nto members of the House from the majority party. Neither does the Speaker regularly participate in floor debates. The Constitution does not require the Speaker to be an elected member of the House of Representatives, although every Speaker thus far has been. The Speaker is second in the United States presidential line of succession, after the Vice President and ahead of the President \"\"pro tempore\"\" of the Senate. The current House Speaker is Congressman Paul Ryan from Wisconsin. He was elected to the office on October 29, 2015, and is the 54th person to serve as Speaker. On April 11,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3589669",
"chunk_text": "\"Casting vote\"\nHouse of Representatives may not vote in general debates but has a casting vote to decide a tie. The President of the Senate usually votes in general debates, commonly based on party lines. The President does not have a casting vote, and a tied vote in the Senate is resolved in the negative. The same arrangements exist with respect to the Speakers of the Canadian House and Senate. While having the same right to vote as any member of the House, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, to maintain the appearance of impartiality, typically does not vote",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178997",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nHouse of Representatives, the Speaker holds a variety of powers over the House and is ceremonially the highest-ranking legislative official in the US government. The Speaker may delegate his powers to a member of the House to act as Speaker \"\"pro tempore\"\" and preside over the House in the Speaker's absence; when this has occurred the delegation has always been to a member of the same party. During important debates, the Speaker \"\"pro tempore\"\" is ordinarily a senior member of the majority party who may be chosen for his skill in presiding. At other times, more junior members may be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3739825",
"chunk_text": "\"2019 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election\"\ndid not run for re-election to the House. The Democratic caucus assuming control of the House in January will have a preponderance of voting influence in selecting the next Speaker. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives, and is second in the United States presidential line of succession, after the Vice President and ahead of the President pro tempore of the United States Senate. Though the Constitution does not require that the Speaker be an elected member of the House of Representatives, every Speaker to date has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799989",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nrecent election for the post of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives took place on January 3, 2017, during the opening day of the 115th United States Congress. The incumbent speaker, Paul Ryan, was re-elected. The next election for the post of speaker is scheduled to take place on January 3, 2019, when the incoming 116th United States Congress convenes. The two official candidates for the office are: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "439862",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nSpeaker of the United States House of Representatives The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, of the United States Constitution. The Speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House of Representatives, and is simultaneously the House's presiding officer, \"\"de facto\"\" leader of the body's majority party, and the institution's administrative head. Speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the Speaker usually does not personally preside over debates. That duty is instead delegated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799986",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nCongress assembled to count electoral votes and to certify the results of a presidential election. The Speaker is also responsible for overseeing the officers of the House: the Clerk, the Sergeant-at-Arms, the Chief Administrative Officer, and the Chaplain. The Speaker can dismiss any of these officers. The Speaker appoints the House Historian and the General Counsel and, jointly with the Majority and Minority Leaders, appoints the House Inspector General. The Speaker is second in the presidential line of succession, immediately after the Vice President, under the Presidential Succession Act of 1947. The Speaker is followed in the line of succession",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8192537",
"chunk_text": "\"October 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election\"\nHouse of Representatives is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives, and is second in the United States presidential line of succession, after the Vice President and ahead of the President pro tempore of the United States Senate. Though the Constitution does not require that the Speaker be an elected member of the House of Representatives, every Speaker to date has been elected from House membership. The 435 members of the House of Representatives elect a Speaker by majority rule at the beginning of each session of the United States Congress, who serves until the end of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2021288",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nconsider bills. Each party elects a floor leader, who is known as the Majority Leader or Minority Leader. The Minority Leader heads their party in the House, and the Majority Leader is their party's second-highest-ranking official, behind the Speaker. Party leaders decide what legislation members of their party should either support or oppose. Each party also elects a Whip, who works to ensure that the party's members vote as the party leadership desires. The current majority whip in the House of Representatives is Steve Scalise, who is a member of the Republican Party. The current minority whip is Steny Hoyer,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16234125",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nthe House votes by voice vote; the presiding officer puts the question, and members respond either \"\"yea\"\" or \"\"aye\"\" (in favor of the motion) or \"\"nay\"\" or \"\"no\"\" (against the motion). The presiding officer then announces the result of the voice vote. A member may however challenge the presiding officer's assessment and \"\"request the yeas and nays\"\" or \"\"request a recorded vote\"\". The request may be granted only if it is seconded by one-fifth of the members present. In practice, however, members of congress second requests for recorded votes as a matter of courtesy. Some votes are always recorded, such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6967961",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nAaron Burr. In 1824, it elected John Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson and William H. Crawford. (If no vice-presidential candidate receives a majority of the electoral votes, the Senate elects the Vice President from the two candidates with the highest numbers of electoral votes.) United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they comprise the legislature of the United States. The composition of the House is established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The House is composed of Representatives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10490661",
"chunk_text": "\"Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives\"\nParty leaders of the United States House of Representatives Party leaders and whips of the United States House of Representatives, also known as floor leaders, are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door caucus by secret ballot. With the Republicans holding a majority of seats and the Democrats holding a minority, the current leaders are: Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, Majority Whip Steve Scalise, Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, and Minority Whip Steny Hoyer. Unlike in Westminster style legislatures or as with the Senate Majority Leader, the House Majority Leader's duties and prominence vary depending upon the style and power of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6381796",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nDemocrats. When the 110th Congress convened on January 4, 2007, she was elected as the 52nd Speaker by a vote of 233-202, becoming the first woman elected Speaker of the House. Pelosi remained Speaker through the 111th Congress. For the 112th Congress, Republican John Boehner was unanimously designated Speaker-designate by House Republicans and was elected the 53rd Speaker of the House. As a show of dissent, nineteen Democratic representatives voted for Democrats other than Pelosi, who had been chosen as House Minority Leader and the Democrats' candidate for Speaker. The Constitution does not spell out the political role of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18001929",
"chunk_text": "\"Conscience vote\"\nfor a Republican, Dennis Hastert, to be Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. Because free votes are the norm in the United States, the terms \"\"free vote\"\" and \"\"conscience vote\"\" are generally unused and unknown there. Conscience vote A conscience vote or free vote is a type of vote in a legislative body where legislators are allowed to vote according to their own personal conscience rather than according to an official line set down by their political party. In a parliamentary system, especially within the Westminster system, it can also be used to indicate crossbench members of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4250781",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nfrom the majority party; they have counterparts (for instance, the \"\"ranking members\"\" of committees) in the minority party. The Constitution provides that the House may choose its own Speaker. Although not explicitly required by the Constitution, every Speaker has been a member of the House. The Constitution does not specify the duties and powers of the Speaker, which are instead regulated by the rules and customs of the House. Speakers have a role both as a leader of the House and the leader of their party (which need not be the majority party; theoretically, a member of the minority party",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10490662",
"chunk_text": "\"Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives\"\nthe Speaker of the House. Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate and rarely votes on the floor. In some cases, Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker; notably, Tom DeLay was more prominent than Speaker Dennis Hastert. In addition, Speaker Newt Gingrich delegated to Dick Armey an unprecedented level of authority over scheduling legislation on the House floor. The current Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi serves as floor leader of the opposition party, and is the counterpart to the Majority Leader. Unlike the Majority Leader, the Minority Leader is on the ballot for Speaker of the House",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5495362",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker (politics)\"\nby the United States Constitution. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives presides over the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives, while the Vice President of the United States formally presides over the upper house, the Senate. In practise, the Vice President does not have a day presence in Congress given their responsibilities in the Executive branch, and in their absence, the role is delegated to the most Senior member of the majority party, the President pro tempore of the United States Senate. In the forty-nine states that have a bicameral legislature, the highest position in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9062447",
"chunk_text": "\"October 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election\"\nthe Congress. Typically, the election is a formality, as the majority party's members vote as a bloc for their party's previously-chosen Speaker-designate (such as the speaker, majority leader, or minority leader from the previous term). Open elections are uncommon but have occurred. The last Speaker election to require multiple ballots occurred in 1923. John Boehner, a member of the Republican Party from Ohio, served as the Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives from February 2006 until January 2007. As the Democratic Party assumed control of the House following the 2006 elections, Boehner served as Minority Leader from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6114333",
"chunk_text": "\"U.S. representative bibliography (congressional memoirs)\"\nre-pass the legislation with a two-thirds majority in each chamber). Each state receives representation in the House in proportion to its population but is entitled to at least one representative. The total number of voting representatives is fixed by law at 435. Each representative serves for a two-year term. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, traditionally the leader of the majority party, is the presiding officer of the chamber, elected by the members of the House. U.S. representative bibliography (congressional memoirs) This is a bibliography of U.S. congressional memoirs by former and current U.S. Representatives. The United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2021286",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\ncould be elected as Speaker with the support of a fraction of members of the majority party). Under the Presidential Succession Act (1947), the Speaker is second in the line of presidential succession behind the Vice President. The Speaker is the presiding officer of the House but does not preside over every debate. Instead, s/he delegates the responsibility of presiding to other members in most cases. The presiding officer sits in a chair in the front of the House chamber. The powers of the presiding officer are extensive; one important power is that of controlling the order in which members",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16234076",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nUnited States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they comprise the legislature of the United States. The composition of the House is established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The House is composed of Representatives who sit in congressional districts that are allocated to each of the 50 states on a basis of population as measured by the U.S. Census, with each district entitled to one representative. Since its inception in 1789, all Representatives have been directly elected. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6967960",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nthe President if no presidential candidate receives a majority of votes in the Electoral College. The Twelfth Amendment requires the House to choose from the three candidates with the highest numbers of electoral votes. The Constitution provides that \"\"the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote.\"\" It is rare for no presidential candidate to receive a majority of electoral votes. In the history of the United States, the House has only had to choose a President twice. In 1800, which was before the adoption of the Twelfth Amendment, it elected Thomas Jefferson over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1707780",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)\"\nfollowing the resignation of Michael Martin. Under the new system, candidates must be nominated by at least twelve members, of whom at least three must be of a different party from the candidate. Each member may nominate no more than one candidate. The House then votes by secret ballot; an absolute majority (in the UK sense, i.e. more than 50% of the votes cast) is required for victory. If no candidate wins a majority, then the individual with the fewest votes is eliminated, as are any other candidates who receive less than five percent of the votes cast. The House",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "439914",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nHouse. The Speaker is responsible for maintaining decorum in the House and may order the Sergeant-at-Arms to enforce House rules. The Speaker's powers and duties extend beyond presiding in the chamber. In particular, the Speaker has great influence over the committee process. The Speaker selects nine of the thirteen members of the powerful Committee on Rules, subject to the approval of the entire majority party. The leadership of the minority party chooses the remaining four members. Furthermore, the Speaker appoints all members of select committees and conference committees. Moreover, when a bill is introduced, the Speaker determines which committee will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2021262",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nthe Democrats won control and Nancy Pelosi was subsequently elected by the House as the first female Speaker. The Republicans retook the House in 2011, with the largest shift of power since the 1930s. Under Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution, seats in the House of Representatives are apportioned among the states by population, as determined by the census conducted every ten years. Each state is entitled to at least one Representative, however small its population. The only constitutional rule relating to the size of the House states: \"\"The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19488855",
"chunk_text": "\"House of Representatives of Puerto Rico\"\nestablished by internal rules adopted by each session of the House. Only the Speaker, Speaker \"\"pro tempore\"\", the Majority and Minority Leaders, and the Majority and Minority Whips have voting powers as all are elected from within. Non-voting officers are elected from outside House ranks and simply assist in internal procedures and clerical tasks, and in the observance of internal rules, laws, and the Constitution. Typical non-voting officers include the Secretary, the Sergeant-at-Arms, and other officers appointed by the different commissions as part of their own internal affairs. The Speaker of the House is the highest-ranking officer and the presiding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9062445",
"chunk_text": "\"October 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election\"\nwitnessed Boehner's difficulties managing a caucus with several prominent factions, and was initially unwilling to run. However, he received support from each of the factions and eventually declared his candidacy. Most Republicans withdrew and endorsed Ryan. In addition to Ryan, Daniel Webster of the Republican Party and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of the Democratic Party were also declared candidates. Ryan won the rescheduled caucus vote on October 28, and was elected Speaker of the House the next day, with 236 votes to Pelosi's 184 and Webster's 9. Three votes went to undeclared candidates. The Speaker of the United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4250754",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\ntotal number of voting representatives is fixed by law at 435. As of the 2010 Census, the largest delegation is that of California, with fifty-three representatives. Seven states have the smallest delegation possible, a single representative: Alaska, Delaware, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming. The House is charged with the passage of federal legislation, known as bills, which, after concurrence by the Senate, are sent to the President for consideration. In addition to this basic power, the House has certain exclusive powers which include the power to initiate all bills related to revenue, the impeachment of federal officers,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2021276",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\na presidential candidate fails to get a majority of the Electoral College votes. The Senate and House are further differentiated by term lengths and the number of districts represented: the Senate has longer terms of six years, fewer members (currently one hundred, two for each state), and (in all but seven delegations) larger constituencies per member. The Senate is informally referred to as the \"\"upper\"\" house, and the House of Representatives as the \"\"lower\"\" house. , the annual salary of each Representative is $174,000. The Speaker of the House and the Majority and Minority Leaders earn more: $223,500 for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "439912",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nassigned to preside to give them experience with the rules and procedures of the House. The Speaker may also designate, with approval of the House, a Speaker \"\"pro tempore\"\" for special purposes, such as designating a Representative whose district is near Washington, D.C. to sign enrolled bills during long recesses. Under the Rules of the House, the Speaker, \"\"as soon as practicable after the election of the Speaker and whenever appropriate thereafter\"\", must deliver to the Clerk of the House a confidential list of Members who are designated to act as Speaker in the case of a vacancy or physical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799942",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nalready the House party leader, and as the minority leader are usually their party's nominee for Speaker), or majority leaders (upon departure of the current Speaker in the majority party), assuming that the party leadership hierarchy is followed. In the past, other candidates have included chairpersons of influential standing committees. Historically, the Democrats have always elevated their minority leader to the speakership upon reclaiming majority control of the House. However, Republicans have not always followed this leadership succession pattern. In 1919, Republicans bypassed James Robert Mann, R-IL, who had been Minority Leader for eight years, and elected a backbencher representative,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14231682",
"chunk_text": "\"Washington House of Representatives\"\nthe majority party caucus followed by a vote of the full House. As well as presiding over the body, the Speaker is also the chief leadership position, and controls the flow of legislation. In the absence of the Speaker the Speaker Pro Tem assumes the role of Speaker. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the House. The current Speaker of the House is Democrat Frank Chopp (D-Seattle) of the 43rd Legislative District. The Speaker Pro Tempore is Tina Orwall (D-Des Moines) of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11460940",
"chunk_text": "\"Division of the assembly\"\nis first taken by voice vote, as is the case in Parliament. Then, any member may demand a division. If a division is demanded, then the Speaker of the House of Representatives (or, more commonly, a Representative of the majority party designated by the Speaker to preside as Speaker pro tempore) or the Presiding Officer of the Senate asks those voting \"\"Yea\"\" to rise and remain standing until counted, and then asks those voting \"\"Nay\"\" to do the same. A division is the least common method of voting in the Senate. (The Vice President of the United States is constitutionally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7767693",
"chunk_text": "\"Maine House of Representatives\"\nHouse presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the full House through the passage of a House Resolution. In addition to presiding over the body, the Speaker is also the chief leadership position, and controls the flow of legislation and committee assignments. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the chamber. The three nonvoting members within the House represent the Penobscot Nation, the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the Maliseet Tribe. The special Representatives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7459743",
"chunk_text": "Speaker-designate\nSpeaker-designate A Speaker-designate is a member of the United States House of Representatives or other lower house who has been selected by the caucus of the majority party to be nominated as Speaker of the House, but who has not yet taken office or been elected by the full House of Representatives, as it is still occupied by the previous Speaker. It is similar to terms such as \"\"President-elect.\"\" It differs from the term Speaker-presumptive in that a Speaker-presumptive is assumed to be the incoming Speaker, but he or she has not been formally selected to be nominated for Speaker",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3589670",
"chunk_text": "\"Casting vote\"\nunless doing so would make a difference. This is, in effect, a casting vote. In the Congress of the Philippines, the presiding officers, who are openly partisan, of the two chambers have different rules on casting votes in case of a tie. In the Senate, the President of the Senate votes last; therefore, if the motion is tied, it is lost. Meanwhile, the Speaker of the House of Representatives (or any presiding officer) does not vote unless there is a tie, which is rare; in this casting vote, the presiding officer usually votes based on the party line. At one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3073021",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico\"\nSpeaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico The President of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico —commonly called the Speaker of the House ()— is the highest-ranking officer and the presiding officer of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico. The Speaker has voting powers as it is elected amongst the own members of the House as established by Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico. The Constitution, however, does not establish its functions and since the House is the only body authorized by the Constitution to regulate its own internal affairs, the functions of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178963",
"chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the United States House of Representatives\"\nearly 1950s. Nancy Pelosi is the most recent example of an outgoing Speaker who was elected Minority Leader, after the Democrats lost control of the House in the 2010 elections. The first Speaker was Frederick Muhlenberg: he was elected as a Pro-Administration candidate to the 1st Congress, an Anti-Administration candidate to the 2nd and 3rd Congresses, and a Republican candidate to the 4th Congress, according to the \"\"Biographical Directory of Congress\"\", though Oswald Seidensticker wrote that he was elected as a Federalist for the first four Congresses. The position of Speaker started to gain its partisan role and its power",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2021301",
"chunk_text": "\"United States House of Representatives\"\nas those on the annual budget. A recorded vote may be taken in one of three different ways. One is electronically. Members use a personal identification card to record their votes at 46 voting stations in the chamber. Votes are usually held in this way. A second mode of recorded vote is by teller. Members hand in colored cards to indicate their votes: green for \"\"yea\"\", red for \"\"nay\"\", and orange for \"\"present\"\" (i.e., to abstain). Teller votes are normally held only when electronic voting breaks down. Finally, the House may conduct a roll call vote. The Clerk reads the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10490664",
"chunk_text": "\"Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives\"\nare elected by their respective parties in a closed-door caucus by secret ballot. The Speaker-elect is also chosen in a closed-door session although they are formally installed in their position by a public vote when Congress reconvenes. Like the Speaker of the House, the Minority Leaders are typically experienced lawmakers when they win election to this position. When Nancy Pelosi, D-CA, became Minority Leader in the 108th Congress, she had served in the House nearly 20 years and had served as minority whip in the 107th Congress. When her predecessor, Richard Gephardt, D-MO, became minority leader in the 104th House,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_488
|
who plays steve's wife on my three sons?
|
n/a
|
[
"Beverly Garland"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745694",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nSteve remarries, taking widowed teacher Barbara Harper (Beverly Garland) as his wife; she brings with her a 5-year-old daughter, Dorothy \"\"Dodie\"\" (Dawn Lyn), so Steven now had a stepdaughter whom he also subsequently adopts. (Dodie is wary of Steve at first, believing that he wants her to simply forget her late father, until he explains that he wants her to always remember and love him, but since he's no longer alive, Steve wants to raise her in his place, and hopes she'll come to love him also.) Also, the last year-and-a-half of the series feature fewer appearances of both Don",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15467234",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronne Troup\"\nRonne Troup Ronne Troup (born June 10, 1945 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) is an American actress and educator best known for her 1970–72 role as \"\"Polly Williams Douglas\"\" on the long-running sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\". Troup is the daughter of musician/actor Bobby Troup, and his first wife, Cynthia Hare, and the stepdaughter of actress/singer Julie London. Ronne Troup attended North Hollywood High School. She has been married three times. Troup's second marriage, to actor James Coleman (known for the 1975-76 television series \"\"S.W.A.T.\"\"), produced daughters Bridget and Jamie. Troup's current husband is Bob Bayles. She has a sister, Cynnie (born",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6935176",
"chunk_text": "\"Beverly Garland\"\nBeverly Garland Beverly Lucy Garland (née Fessenden; October 17, 1926 – December 5, 2008) was an American actress. Her work in feature films primarily consisted of small parts in a few major productions or leads in low-budget action or science fiction movies. On television, she had prominent recurring roles on several popular series. She may be best remembered as Barbara Harper Douglas, the woman who married widower Steve Douglas (Fred MacMurray) in the latter years of the sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\". She played in that role from 1969 until the series concluded in 1972. In the 1980s, she co-starred as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "45268",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronne Troup\"\nco-stars at a 50th anniversary celebration of the classic series at the Paley Center for Media in Beverly Hills. Ronne Troup Ronne Troup (born June 10, 1945 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) is an American actress and educator best known for her 1970–72 role as \"\"Polly Williams Douglas\"\" on the long-running sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\". Troup is the daughter of musician/actor Bobby Troup, and his first wife, Cynthia Hare, and the stepdaughter of actress/singer Julie London. Ronne Troup attended North Hollywood High School. She has been married three times. Troup's second marriage, to actor James Coleman (known for the 1975-76 television",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18130895",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn Lyn\"\nDawn Lyn Dawn Lyn Nervik (born January 11, 1963) is a retired American actress best known for her role as Dodie Douglas during the last three seasons of the long-running family sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\". Her brother, Leif Garrett, is a singer and actor. Dawn Lyn Nervik was born in Los Angeles, California, to Carolyn Stellar and Rik Nervik. Her father was absent for most of her life. She and her older brother Leif Garrett began performing as child actors within a year or two of each other. She financially supported her mother and brother from 1969 until her brother's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10632030",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nGrady and Stanley Livingston. Grady's character was written out of the show at the end of the 11th season, which allowed for his wife Katie and their triplet sons to remain within the Douglas household the following season (as a structural engineer Robbie was working on a bridge construction in Peru). Chip and his teenaged wife Polly (Ronne Troup) (who eloped after Polly's disciplinarian father refused to sanction their marriage) move into their own apartment. At the end of the 1970-1971 season (the show's 11th year), \"\"My Three Sons\"\" was still garnering healthy ratings. By the spring of 1971, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745688",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nthat he was also devoted to automobile racing, which his contract forbade. His character was written out, along with Meredith MacRae, who had played his fiancée Sally, in a wedding episode that was the premiere of the 1965–1966 season on CBS. After this episode, Mike is mentioned briefly in only four succeeding episodes (including one in which Ernie becomes adopted), and is never seen again, even at Robbie and Steve's weddings. (Steve explains briefly in one of these episodes that he has another son, but \"\"He lives away from home\"\".) In the episode \"\"Steve and the Huntress\"\" (first aired January",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745681",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nillness. In September 1965, eldest son Mike (Tim Considine) married, and his character was written out of the show. To keep the emphasis on \"\"three sons\"\", original youngest son Chip's friend Ernie was adopted. In the program's later years, Steven Douglas remarried and adopted his new wife's young daughter Dorothy (\"\"Dodie\"\") (Dawn Lyn). The series was a cornerstone of the ABC and CBS lineups in the 1960s. With 380 episodes produced, it is third only to \"\"The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet\"\" (14 seasons, 1952–1966, 434 episodes) and \"\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia\"\" (13 seasons) as television's longest-running live-action sitcom.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745689",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\n27, 1966), Mike is specifically mentioned as teaching at a college. MacRae joined \"\"Petticoat Junction\"\" the following year, the last of three actresses to play Billie Jo Bradley. To keep the show's title plausible, the show's head writer, George Tibbles fashioned a three-part story arc in which an orphaned friend of youngest brother Richard (Chip, played by Stanley Livingston), Ernie Thompson (played by his real-life brother, Barry Livingston), awaits adoption when his current foster parents are transferred to the Orient. Steve offers to adopt Ernie, but faces antagonism from Uncle Charley, who finds Ernie a bit grating, and forecasts major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745680",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nMy Three Sons My Three Sons is an American sitcom. The series ran from 1960 to 1965 on ABC, and moved to CBS until the end of its run on April 13, 1972. \"\"My Three Sons\"\" chronicles the life of widower and aeronautical engineer Steven Douglas (Fred MacMurray) as he raises his three sons. The series originally featured William Frawley (who had first co-starred with MacMurray 25 years earlier in the movie \"\"Car 99\"\") as the boys' live-in maternal grandfather and housekeeper, William Michael Francis \"\"Bub\"\" O'Casey. William Demarest, playing Bub's brother, \"\"Charley\"\", replaced Frawley in 1965 due to Frawley's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15467193",
"chunk_text": "\"Tina Cole\"\nCathy and cousins Candy and Carolyn) and made a one-off appearance at the Catalina Jazz Club in Hollywood in November. A subsequent appearance was made at the same club on April 13, 2014. Both nights were sold out and a success. Tina Cole Tina Cole (born August 4, 1943) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Katie Miller Douglas on the 1960s sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\" (1967–72), but she previously had a recurring role as Sunny Day in the detective series \"\"Hawaiian Eye\"\" (1963). She was also a member of the Four King",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8368632",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Frame\"\nkilled and Rachel survived, but was blinded. Six months later, having regained her sight and realizing that she never stopped loving Mac, Rachel remarried him for the third (and last) time in a double ceremony with Mac's son Sandy Cory (Christopher Rich) and Sandy's bride, Blaine Ewing (Laura Malone). Though Jamie loved Mac as a father, he never forgot Steve. When Jamie (now played by Laurence Lau) welcomed a son with his wife Vicky (Anne Heche), they named him Steven. Six years after Steve's death, he would return again, but as a ghost (George Reinholt reprised his role for \"\"Another",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12366763",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Leak\"\nguest spots on various TV shows, including \"\"McMillan and Wife\"\" and \"\"Hawaii Five-O\"\". In 1973, she played Erica Jordan, Mary's temporary replacement at WJM-TV, in the season four episode, \"\"Better Late...That's a Pun...Than Never\"\", in The Mary Tyler Moore Show. Jennifer married actor Tim Matheson, having met during the filming of \"\"Yours, Mine and Ours\"\". They were married from 1968 to 1971. Jennifer Leak Jennifer Leak (born September 28, 1950 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian film and television actress, best known for her role as Colleen North in the 1968 film \"\"Yours, Mine and Ours\"\". Leak played the role",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10632035",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nin several episodes of \"\"I Love Lucy\"\". Actress Tina Cole (Katie) was born into the King Family, a popular 1950s–1960s group. Ronne Troup (Polly) was the step-daughter of singer Julie London and daughter of musician/composer Bobby Troup (who wrote the song \"\"Route 66\"\" and also starred in the TV program \"\"Emergency!\"\" along with wife London), and Dawn Lyn is the younger sister of 1970s pop idol Leif Garrett. Don Grady (Robbie) composed and produced music, having created successful Las Vegas venues for \"\"Phantom of the Opera\"\" star Michael Crawford and pop star David Cassidy. Grady also played drums in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10632027",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nnew storylines to spice up the ratings. In the fall of 1967, CBS moved \"\"My Three Sons\"\" to Saturday night at 8:30 pm. In the season-premiere episode, \"\"Moving Day\"\", the Douglas family and Uncle Charley relocate from the fictional town of Bryant Park in the Midwest to Los Angeles. Robbie (Don Grady) marries his classmate/girlfriend, Katie Miller (Tina Cole). Tina Cole, in fact, had appeared in different roles on three previous episodes of \"\"My Three Sons\"\": \"\"House For Sale\"\" from the fourth season (February 13, 1964), \"\"The Coffee House Set\"\" from the fifth season (November 19, 1964), and \"\"Robbie and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10632033",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\nhim to Scotland. He finds Terri Dowling (Anne Francis), a waitress at the Blue Berry Bowling Alley. While initially reluctant to give up her life in America and return to Scotland as nobility, she finally accepts. This storyline is a continuation of a plot idea that originally began in the fourth season, when the Douglases visit Scotland on the pretense of having been told they had inherited a castle in the Highlands. With a later time slot, the show finished the season outside the top 30. To save the series, CBS moved it in midseason back to Thursday nights at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14258945",
"chunk_text": "\"Michele Matheson\"\nMichele Matheson Michele Matheson (born August 14, 1971) is an actress and novelist. She is the daughter of actors Don Matheson and Deanna Lund. Her parents met while performing together in the Irwin Allen science fiction series \"\"Land of the Giants\"\" (1968-1970) and married soon after the show was cancelled. Michele has two half-siblings (an older brother, Randy, and sister, Kim). She attended Marymount High School in Los Angeles. She began her career on the television shows \"\"Life Goes On\"\" and \"\"Mr. Belvedere\"\" before starring in the direct-to-video movie \"\"\"\" (1991) and appearing in \"\"Threesome\"\" (1994). In 2002 she co-starred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5562787",
"chunk_text": "\"Meredith MacRae\"\nPacific Ocean off the coast of California. Solo The Girls from Petticoat Junction (Meredith MacRae, Linda Kaye Henning and Lori Saunders) Meredith MacRae Meredith Lynn MacRae (May 30, 1944 – July 14, 2000) was an American actress and singer known for her roles as Sally Morrison on \"\"My Three Sons\"\" (1963–1965) and as Billie Jo Bradley on \"\"Petticoat Junction\"\" (1966–1970). MacRae was born in Houston, Texas, to parents Gordon and Sheila MacRae. Her father was stationed with the Army Air Corps in Houston at the time of her birth. Both of her parents went on to be actors. She is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17880242",
"chunk_text": "\"Nancy Lenehan\"\nNancy Lenehan Nancy Lenehan (born April 26, 1953) is an American actress who has appeared in film and television since the 1980s. Lenehan was born in Long Island, New York. She co-starred on the short-lived sitcom \"\"Worst Week\"\". She also co-starred as Sandy Kelly, the matriarch in the sitcom \"\"Married to the Kellys\"\", and had a recurring role on \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" as Earl and Randy's mother, Kay Hickey. She has appeared in featured, recurring and guest roles in many television shows and television movies, and feature films, including \"\"Malcolm in the Middle\"\", \"\"Everybody Loves Raymond\"\", \"\"How I Met",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17102565",
"chunk_text": "\"Barry Livingston\"\nof \"\"My Three Sons\"\" to still have an active Screen Actors Guild Card. Barry Livingston married his wife Karen in 1983. The couple has two children: Spencer (b. 1989) and Hailey (b. 1992). Barry Livingston Barry Gordon Livingston (born December 17, 1953) is an American television and film actor, known for his role as \"\"Ernie Douglas\"\" on the television series \"\"My Three Sons\"\" (1963–72). He is the younger brother of actor/director Stanley Livingston, who played Ernie's older brother \"\"Chip\"\" on the show. Livingston was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Lillian Rochelle \"\"Marilyn\"\" Palyash and Hilliard Livingston. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6989433",
"chunk_text": "\"Leanna Creel\"\nCreel married Rinat Greenberg on June 17, 2008, when California legalized same-sex marriages. Creel and Greenberg have two sons. Leanna Creel Leanna Creel (born August 27, 1970 in Los Angeles) is an American actress, film producer, film director, screenwriter and photographer. Creel is an identical triplet who, along with her sisters Joy and Monica, started acting in the late 1980s. They appeared together in two television movies aired on \"\"The Wonderful World of Disney\"\": \"\"Parent Trap III\"\" and \"\"\"\". In 1992, Creel had a guest role in an episode of \"\"Beverly Hills, 90210\"\", alongside Monica. That same year, she landed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15111640",
"chunk_text": "\"Joyce DeWitt\"\nJoyce DeWitt Joyce Anne DeWitt (born April 23, 1949) is an American actress most famous for playing Janet Wood on the ABC sitcom \"\"Three's Company\"\". Joyce DeWitt was born April 23, 1949 in Wheeling, West Virginia, and grew up in Speedway, Indiana, a suburb of Indianapolis. She graduated from Speedway Senior High School, and once worked at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway ticket office. She is of Italian descent on her mother's side, and Dutch from her father. She competed in speech and debate through the Indiana High School Forensic Association. After she received a bachelor's degree in theater from Ball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5562779",
"chunk_text": "\"Meredith MacRae\"\nMeredith MacRae Meredith Lynn MacRae (May 30, 1944 – July 14, 2000) was an American actress and singer known for her roles as Sally Morrison on \"\"My Three Sons\"\" (1963–1965) and as Billie Jo Bradley on \"\"Petticoat Junction\"\" (1966–1970). MacRae was born in Houston, Texas, to parents Gordon and Sheila MacRae. Her father was stationed with the Army Air Corps in Houston at the time of her birth. Both of her parents went on to be actors. She is the sister of William Gordon MacRae, Robert Bruce MacRae, and Heather MacRae. She credited her parents with instilling a proper work",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9810093",
"chunk_text": "\"Monk (season 3)\"\nmore abundance than the previous two. Stanley Kamel reprised his role as Monk's psychiatrist, Dr. Charles Kroger, in nine episodes, while Kane Ritchotte continued to play Benjy Fleming, Sharona's son. Emmy Clarke entered the series as Julie Teeger (Natalie's daughter), and Melora Hardin returned as Monk's beloved deceased wife, Trudy Monk. Tim Bagley made his first two appearances as Harold Krenshaw, Monk's main rival. Jarrad Paul portrays Kevin Dorfman, Monk's annoying upstairs neighbor, while Glenne Headly continues to portray Karen Stottlemeyer, the captain's wife. Other guest stars for the season include Brooke Adams, Scott Adsit, Kelly Albanese, Amy Aquino, Moon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6814670",
"chunk_text": "\"Linda Kaye Henning\"\nKaye. From season six (fall 1968) until the show was cancelled, she was billed by her full name. In some episodes in later years, Henning and her television sisters (played by Meredith MacRae and Lori Saunders) sang in a trio, and she often sang duets with co-star Mike Minor, who played Steve Elliott. In 1968, a year after Henning's screen marriage to Mike Minor's character in \"\"Petticoat Junction\"\", the couple married in real life. They were divorced in 1973 and had no children. Minor's father was producer Don Fedderson. Linda Kaye Henning Linda Kaye Henning (born September 16, 1944) is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2856746",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve McDonald (Coronation Street)\"\nArden (Chloe Newsome), Fiona Middleton (Angela Griffin), Karen Phillips (Suranne Jones), Ronnie Clayton (Emma Stansfield), Becky Granger (Katherine Kelly), Tracy Barlow (Kate Ford), and Michelle Connor (Kym Marsh), as well as Tracy giving birth to his daughter Amy (Elle Mulvaney) and depression. In September 2015 Gregson announced a break due to personal reasons, and Steve was off-screen from November 2015 to 22 April 2016. Steve is Coronation Street's most married character, having been married seven times to five women. Steve arrived in Coronation Street at the age of 15 in December 1989, with twin brother, Andy (Nicholas Cochrane), and parents,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12625167",
"chunk_text": "\"The Story of Tracy Beaker (series 3)\"\nHanson, Chloe Hibbert-Waters and James Cartwright all returned to their main roles. Stephen Crossley and Caroline Bunce returned to their guest starring role as Justine's father, Steve Littlewood and his wife, Carrie respectively. Adele Azupadi (Rochelle Gadd), Amber Hearst (Alicia Hooper), Ben Batambuze (Luke Youngblood) & Jenny Edwards (Sharlene White) did not return for this series. Padley, who left the main cast last series, made seven guest appearances. Jack Edwards, Kristal Lau, William Tomlin, Darragh Mortell, Abby Rakic-Platt, Nicola Reynolds and Cara Readle all made their debuts as main characters, Marco Maloney, Hayley, Michael Grice, Liam \"\"Crash\"\" Daniels, Jackie Hopper,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10677980",
"chunk_text": "\"Michelle Connor\"\nas barmaid at The Rovers Return Inn. She is soon joined by her son, Ryan (Ben Thompson), and her brothers, Paul (Sean Gallagher) and Liam (Rob James-Collier). It is established that Michelle had Ryan when she was a teenager and that Ryan's father, Dean Powell, was killed in a car accident five years before when Ryan was 9 years old. Steve McDonald (Simon Gregson) falls for Michelle immediately but his mother, Liz (Beverley Callard), does not approve of Michelle as Vernon is clearly attracted to her. When Michelle's sister-in-law, Carla Connor (Alison King), married to Paul, hints that Paul and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3218098",
"chunk_text": "\"Shannon Wynne\"\nFrom his first marriage to Patti Jo (Gilpin) née Oldham, Wynne has a son, Shannon Shelmire “Sam” Wynne Jr. (born 1984). Patti was the daughter of Philadelphia reporter Jim O'Brien and is the sister of actress Peri Gilpin, well known for her role as Roz Doyle in \"\"Frasier\"\". From his marriage to Brycie Sue Hoecker, Shannon is the father of triplets, Isabella Mae McCarty Wynne, Bowie Hoecker Wynne and Angus Augustus Wynne (born 1996). Wynne is married to Kimberly Claire Daulton (wed August 14, 2010) and has two step daughters; Raynor Elizabeth Bearden (born 1989) and Wynonah \"\"Wynn\"\" Claire Bearden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18882867",
"chunk_text": "\"Robin Weisman\"\nRobin Weisman Robin Weisman (born March 14, 1984) is an American former child actress. She acted between 1990 and 1994. Born in Hollywood, Florida to parents Betsy and David Weisman, Weisman is well known as the \"\"little lady\"\" Mary Bennington in the film \"\"Three Men and a Little Lady\"\" in 1990 with Tom Selleck, Steve Guttenberg and Ted Danson. She also appeared in \"\"Thunder in Paradise\"\" with Hulk Hogan. Weisman gained a degree in business studies from the University of Florida. She married her childhood sweetheart John Kabot in a Jewish ceremony on December 20, 2008. They lived in Plantation,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6473081",
"chunk_text": "\"Beth Hunter\"\nactions. Sivewright said that \"\"even though Tony would question what Beth was doing, he was still supporting her. That’s what Beth does with Tony as well.\"\" Beth features in many emotional storylines. House has said that after she had filmed an emotional scene, she exercised to forget about her character's feelings. Beth is the mother of Scott (Kip Gamblin), Kit (Amy Mizzi), Robbie (Jason Smith), Henry (Tobi Atkins) and Matilda (Indiana Evans). Beth was married to Jack, the father of her five children until his death in 2002. Beth had known about Jack's ongoing affair with Valerie Squires (Denise Roberts)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14459569",
"chunk_text": "\"Carol Nugent\"\ncertificate and when he died she was living with their two children only a few blocks from his house in Beverly Hills. In 2002 Nugent renewed her acquaintance with John G. Stephens who had been production manager on the 1960s television series \"\"My Three Sons\"\". Her father Carl had been property master for the show. Stephens' wife, actress Joan Vohs (1927–2001), had recently died from heart failure. Stephens and Nugent married later that year. Carol Nugent Carol Lou Nugent (born July 7, 1937) is an American actress who began her career as a child. Nugent appeared in over 20 feature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19981147",
"chunk_text": "\"Cynthia Pepper\"\nCynthia Pepper Cynthia Pepper (born Cynthia Anne Culpepper, September 4, 1940) is an American actress whose principal work was accomplished during the early 1960s. In 1960, Pepper appeared in three episodes of two ABC/Warner Brothers detective series, \"\"Bourbon Street Beat\"\", with Andrew Duggan and Richard Long, and \"\"77 Sunset Strip\"\" with Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., Roger Smith, and Edd Byrnes. In 1960-1961, she was cast as next-door teenager Jean Pearson, the romantic interest of young Mike Douglas, played by Tim Considine, in Fred MacMurray’s long-running \"\"My Three Sons\"\". The next year, Pepper starred in her own 26-week series, \"\"Margie\"\" in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19981141",
"chunk_text": "\"Cynthia Pepper\"\nCynthia Pepper Cynthia Pepper (born Cynthia Anne Culpepper, September 4, 1940) is an American actress whose principal work was accomplished during the early 1960s. In 1960, Pepper appeared in three episodes of two ABC/Warner Brothers detective series, \"\"Bourbon Street Beat\"\", with Andrew Duggan and Richard Long, and \"\"77 Sunset Strip\"\" with Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., Roger Smith, and Edd Byrnes. In 1960-1961, she was cast as next-door teenager Jean Pearson, the romantic interest of young Mike Douglas, played by Tim Considine, in Fred MacMurray’s long-running \"\"My Three Sons\"\". The next year, Pepper starred in her own 26-week series, \"\"Margie\"\" in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16263879",
"chunk_text": "\"Karen MacKenzie\"\n(simulates Karen calling from another room), 'Hi Val, come on in!' That would never happen now.\"\" Before the pilot, Karen Cooper moves to Philadelphia to study, where she meets and falls in love with young mechanic Sid Fairgate (Don Murray), who lives with his wife, Susan Philby and their daughter, Annie. When Sid divorces Susan, he marries Karen and they move to Knots Landing, California where they live with their three children Diana (Claudia Lonow), Eric (Steve Shaw) and Michael Fairgate (Patrick Petersen). Karen gets along with everybody in the neighborhood, except for her sister-in-law, Abby Cunningham (Donna Mills), who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5052710",
"chunk_text": "\"Kevin Webster\"\nwith her. She gave him residency while she found somewhere for her and the girls to live. Kevin learns that Greg was violent towards Sally in front of Rosie and Sophie but she is still awarded custody. Later that year, Kevin starts dating factory worker Alison Wakefield (Naomi Radcliffe), but she leaves him when it becomes clear that he is still in love with Sally. However, upon discovering that she is pregnant, they reconcile and marry in January 2000 with Kevin's daughters, Roy (David Neilson) and Hayley Cropper (Julie Hesmondhalgh), Linda Sykes (Jacqueline Pirie) and Ashley Peacock (Steven Arnold) present.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18130897",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn Lyn\"\nbeen cast for \"\"My Three Sons\"\". After ABC's lawsuit against Lyn failed, Kim Richards was cast as Prudence Everett, although Lyn was a brunette and Richards was a blonde. Lyn remained on \"\"My Three Sons\"\" until it ended three seasons later. Later, Lyn worked steadily in her youth on many popular series like \"\"Adam-12\"\", \"\"Emergency!\"\", \"\"Marcus Welby, M.D.\"\" and \"\"Gunsmoke\"\". In 1971 Lyn had a major role in the western \"\"Shoot Out\"\" as Gregory Peck's character's daughter. She also appeared in movies such as the \"\"Walking Tall\"\" trilogy. (Her brother was also among the cast.) In 1973 Lyn auditioned for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3575852",
"chunk_text": "\"Sasha Spielberg\"\nSasha Spielberg Sasha Rebecca Spielberg (born May 14, 1990) is an American actress and musician. Spielberg was born in Los Angeles, the daughter of film director Steven Spielberg and actress Kate Capshaw. Her father is from an Orthodox Jewish family, whereas her mother is a Jewish convert. She is their first child together, although each have children from previous relationships. She has three sisters: Mikaela Spielberg, Destry Spielberg, and half-sister, actress Jessica Capshaw, as well as three brothers: Sawyer Spielberg, Theo Spielberg, and half-brother Max Spielberg. She has appeared in several of her father's movies, including \"\"Indiana Jones and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3684393",
"chunk_text": "\"Olga Sosnovska\"\nOlga Sosnovska Olga Sosnovska (born 21 May 1972) is a Polish-born U.K./U.S.-based actress. Sosnovska was born in Wieluń, Poland. Her family emigrated to England when she was eleven. Sosnovska is perhaps best known in the United States for her role as Polish businesswoman Lena Kundera on the soap opera \"\"All My Children\"\". Her pairing with Bianca Montgomery, the daughter of Erica Kane, and made television history. In Britain, she was known for playing Fiona Carter in series 3–4 of the popular series \"\"Spooks\"\", which she left mid-season owing to her first pregnancy in 2005. She is married to actor Sendhil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16146072",
"chunk_text": "\"Annie Potts\"\nher first appearance in a Broadway musical. Potts is the mother of three sons: Clay (with third husband Scott Senechal, married 1981), and two with James Hayman: James (called Doc, born 1992), and Harry (born 1996). She is a board member of Stephens College, and has been instrumental in fundraising efforts for the college for many years. Annie Potts Anne Hampton Potts (born October 28, 1952) is an American actress. She was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for \"\"Corvette Summer\"\" (1978) and won a Genie Award for \"\"Heartaches\"\" (1981), before appearing in \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" (1984), \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\" (1986), \"\"Jumpin'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18258",
"chunk_text": "\"Me, Myself & Irene\"\nhas been taken advantage of by those around him, starting with his former wife Layla (Traylor Howard). Despite his friends warning him of Layla's infidelity, Charlie refused to accept she was in an affair, even after she gave birth to triplet black boys. She leaves with her dwarf genius black lover, Shonté, abandoning her children. Charlie raises the triplets: Jamal, Lee Harvey, and Shonté Jr (Anthony Anderson, Jerod Mixon, Mongo Brownlee), likewise geniuses. While Charlie is loved and respected by his adoptive sons, he is continually abused by the rest of the town, who see him as a stupid coward.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "55865",
"chunk_text": "\"Téa Leoni\"\nTéa Leoni Elizabeth Téa Pantaleoni (; born February 25, 1966), better known by her stage name Téa Leoni, is an American actress and producer. In her early career, Leoni starred in the television sitcoms \"\"Flying Blind\"\" (1992–93) and \"\"The Naked Truth\"\" (1995–98). Her breakthrough role was in the 1995 action comedy film \"\"Bad Boys\"\". In later years, Leoni had the female lead roles in films including \"\"Deep Impact\"\" (1998), \"\"The Family Man\"\" (2000), \"\"Jurassic Park III\"\" (2001), and \"\"Fun with Dick and Jane\"\" (2005). In 2014, Leoni returned to television with the leading role in the CBS political drama series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17862377",
"chunk_text": "\"Rachael MacFarlane\"\nMacFarlane is married to animator Spencer Laudiero. They have two daughters, Bella Francesca Laudiero and Perrin Elizabeth Laudiero. On July 16, 2010, MacFarlane's mother, Ann Perry Sager, died after a long battle with cancer. Her death was reported by Larry King on his show \"\"Larry King Live\"\", who acknowledged a conversation he had with her during an interview with her son in May 2010. MacFarlane has noted her similarities to Hayley Smith on \"\"American Dad!\"\", revealing, \"\"We both share the same political views\"\". Rachael MacFarlane Rachael Ann MacFarlane Laudiero (born March 21, 1976) is an American voice actress and singer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12533006",
"chunk_text": "\"Dack Rambo\"\nDack Rambo Norman Jay Rambo (November 13, 1941 – March 21, 1994), professionally known as Dack Rambo, was an American actor, most notable for appearing as Walter Brennan's grandson Jeff in the ABC series \"\"The Guns of Will Sonnett\"\", as Steve Jacobi in the ABC soap opera \"\"All My Children\"\", as cousin Jack Ewing on CBS's \"\"Dallas\"\", and as Grant Harrison on the NBC soap opera \"\"Another World\"\". Norman Jay Rambo (aka Dack Rambo) was born in Earlimart, California, to William Lester Rambo (aka Lester Rambo – 1904–1987) and Beatrice A. Rambo (nėe Rossi – 1910–2002). He had an older",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745701",
"chunk_text": "\"My Three Sons\"\n'60s pop group Yellow Balloon. Musical arranger Frank De Vol, who did the toe-tapping theme, scored over thirty motion pictures and arranged for such vocalists as Sarah Vaughan, Jack Jones, Nat King Cole, Ella Fitzgerald, Tony Bennett, Vic Damone, Dinah Shore, Doris Day, and Jaye P. Morgan. \"\"My Three Sons\"\" had 36 episodes each in the first two seasons. The series had more than thirty episodes in each of the first eight seasons; the episode output then decreased by two episodes until the eleventh season, which had twenty-four episodes, along with the twelfth season. The first five seasons were filmed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2510659",
"chunk_text": "\"Doris Singleton\"\nepisodes, titled \"\"The Crooked Candle\"\" and \"\"The Purple Woman\"\". She guest-starred on \"\"My Three Sons\"\", playing two different characters who had recurring roles throughout the long run of the show. She originally played the mother of Meredith MacRae whose character Sally Morrison married original oldest son Mike Douglas (Tim Considine) in the 1964-65 season. Later she played Margaret, mother of Polly Williams (Ronne Troup) in the 1970-71 season. At the time of her death in June 2012, Singleton was the last surviving major recurring adult cast member from the \"\"Lucy\"\" shows. Her last major acting role was in \"\"Deadly Messages\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14691486",
"chunk_text": "\"Tina Cole\"\nTina Cole Tina Cole (born August 4, 1943) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Katie Miller Douglas on the 1960s sitcom \"\"My Three Sons\"\" (1967–72), but she previously had a recurring role as Sunny Day in the detective series \"\"Hawaiian Eye\"\" (1963). She was also a member of the Four King Cousins, a subgroup of the King Family Singers. In 1963 she played the minor (uncredited) role of Ruth Stewart in \"\"Palm Springs Weekend\"\", a spring break party film set in Palm Springs, California. She also appeared previously in My Three Sons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2713660",
"chunk_text": "\"Linda Emond\"\n\"\"Indignation\"\" (2016), an adaptation of Philip Roth's 2008 novel of the same name, playing Esther Messner, the mother of Logan Lerman's lead character. She is currently a Series Regular on AMC’s \"\"Lodge 49\"\", playing Connie Clark. Linda Emond Linda Marie Emond (born May 22, 1959) is an American stage, film and television actress. Emond received Tony Award nominations for her performances in \"\"Life (x) 3\"\" (2003), \"\"Death of a Salesman\"\" (2012) and \"\"Cabaret\"\" (2014). Emond was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey. She was raised in Orange County, California, and attended Loara Elementary, Ball Junior High and Loara High Schools",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5120573",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Biggs\"\nAshley Tisdale) around Los Angeles. Jenny Mollen, who is Biggs' wife in real life, appears as his wife in the film. Biggs is sometimes cast as an explicitly or implicitly Jewish character, as he was in \"\"American Pie\"\", \"\"Saving Silverman\"\", \"\"Anything Else, \"\"and \"\"Orange is the New Black\"\" despite not being Jewish himself. His wife, however, is Jewish. In January 2008, he became engaged to his \"\"My Best Friend's Girl\"\" co-star, actress Jenny Mollen; they married on April 23, 2008. They have a son, Sid, who was born on February 15, 2014. Their second son, Lazlo Biggs, was born on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9133631",
"chunk_text": "\"Ros Drinkwater\"\nRos Drinkwater Ros Drinkwater (born 14 February 1944) is a Scottish-born actress, best known for her portrayal of Paul Temple's wife, Steve, in the eponymous television series, based on the character created by Francis Durbridge. She later moved into photojournalism. Ros Drinkwater was born in Glasgow, Scotland on 14 February 1944. Her family was Anglo-Irish and her grandfather had been in the Indian Army. Drinkwater worked as a dancer in Las Vegas before turning to acting. In the late 1960s, she appeared in a number of episodes of British television series, including \"\"Dr Finlay's Casebook\"\" (\"\"A Matter of Confidence\"\", 1966),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_489
|
the chinese dragons are protectors of how many seas diggy?
|
n/a
|
[
"Four Seas",
"Four"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4469007",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nbut with a dragon head wearing a king's headdress. There are four major Dragon Kings, representing each of the Four Seas: the East Sea (corresponding to the East China Sea), the South Sea (corresponding to the South China Sea), the West Sea (sometimes seen as the Qinghai Lake and beyond), and the North Sea (sometimes seen as Lake Baikal). Because of this association, they are seen as \"\"in charge\"\" of water-related weather phenomena. In premodern times, many Chinese villages (especially those close to rivers and seas) had temples dedicated to their local \"\"dragon king\"\". In times of drought or flooding,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18850059",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon King\"\nand they share the surname Ao (敖, meaning \"\"playing\"\" or \"\"proud\"\"). The Azure Dragon or Blue-Green Dragon (青龍 \"\"Qīnglóng\"\"), or Green Dragon (蒼龍 \"\"Cānglóng\"\"), is the Dragon God of the east, and of the essence of spring. His proper name is Ao Guang (敖廣), and he is the patron of the East China Sea. The Red Dragon (赤龍 \"\"Chìlóng\"\" or 朱龍 \"\"Zhūlóng\"\", literally \"\"Cinnabar Dragon\"\", \"\"Vermilion Dragon\"\") is the Dragon God of the south and of the essence of summer. He is the patron of the South China Sea and his proper name is Ao Qin (敖欽). The White Dragon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407730",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese water dragon\"\nChinese water dragon The Chinese water dragon (\"\"Physignathus cocincinus\"\") is a species of agamid lizard native to China and mainland Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Asian water dragon, Thai water dragon, and green water dragon. Chinese water dragons can grow up to in total length, including tail, and can live from ten to fifteen years. Coloration ranges from dark to light green, or sometimes purple with an orange stomach. Diagonal stripes of green or turquoise are found on the body, while the tail is banded from the middle to the end with green and white. Their undersides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4594724",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon King\"\nYellow Emperor, he represents the source of the myriad things. Each one of the four Dragon Kings of the Four Seas (四海龍王 \"\"Sìhǎi Lóngwáng\"\") is associated to a colour and a body of water corresponding to one of the four cardinal directions and natural boundaries of China: the East Sea (corresponding to the East China Sea), the South Sea (corresponding to the South China Sea), the West Sea (Qinghai Lake), and the North Sea (Lake Baikal). They appear in the classical novels like \"\"The Investiture of the Gods\"\" and \"\"Journey to the West\"\". Each of them has a proper name,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16994023",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nChinese dragon Chinese dragons, also known as East Asian dragons, are legendary creatures in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and East Asian culture at large. Chinese dragons have many animal-like forms such as turtles and fish, but are most commonly depicted as snake-like with four legs. They traditionally symbolize potent and auspicious powers, particularly control over water, rainfall, typhoons, and floods. The dragon is also a symbol of power, strength, and good luck for people who are worthy of it in East Asian culture. During the days of Imperial China, the Emperor of China usually used the dragon as a symbol",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14096238",
"chunk_text": "Dragonkeeper\ntwo (Ping and Danzi) escape, but when the emperor finds out that his other dragons are dead, Master Lan blames it on her and she finds herself chased by the imperial guards, who believe she is an evil sorceress. The dragon, Long Danzi (meaning courageous dragon), tells the slave girl her true name: Ping (meaning duckweed). Ping and the dragon must go on a dangerous journey across China to Ocean, an apparent magical healing place. She must protect a mysterious stone that is vital to the dragon's legacy. A necromancer and a dragon hunter named Diao, who are determined to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407734",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese water dragon\"\nsmall fish, mammal or reptile. Chinese water dragons have established themselves in Hong Kong, probably from released pet animals. Chinese water dragon The Chinese water dragon (\"\"Physignathus cocincinus\"\") is a species of agamid lizard native to China and mainland Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Asian water dragon, Thai water dragon, and green water dragon. Chinese water dragons can grow up to in total length, including tail, and can live from ten to fifteen years. Coloration ranges from dark to light green, or sometimes purple with an orange stomach. Diagonal stripes of green or turquoise are found on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16994036",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nclouds or hide in water (according to the \"\"Guanzi\"\"). It can form clouds, can turn into water, can change color as an ability to blend in with their surroundings, as an effective form of camouflage or glow in the dark (according to the \"\"Shuowen Jiezi\"\"). In many other countries, folktales speak of the dragon having all the attributes of the other 11 creatures of the zodiac, this includes the whiskers of the Rat, the face and horns of the Ox, the claws and teeth of the Tiger, the belly of the Rabbit, the body of the Snake, the legs of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18351212",
"chunk_text": "\"Empires of the Deep\"\nJon Jiang's original brainchild, in 2006, was to make a Greek mythical aqua-adventure epic based on Poseidon but with a geo-political patriotic twist featuring the South China Sea (as a Chinese territory). The story is centered on creatures fighting for power in the deep and unknown 80% of Earth's water also known as Oceans. Mermaids reign as the protectors of the Oceans since the creation of Earth but peace is ruined by betrayal and dark spirits of the deeps: the Reptils. The film is the vanity project of realtor billionaire Jon Jiang (Jiang Hongyu), who financed part of the film's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18755993",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon boat\"\nwere dragon boats, too. Of the twelve animals which make up the traditional Chinese zodiac, only the Dragon is a mythical creature. All the rest are non-mythical animals, yet all twelve of the zodiac creatures were well known to members of ancient Chinese agrarian communities. Dragons were traditionally believed to be the rulers of water on earth: rivers, lakes, and seas; they were also thought to dominate the waters of the heavens: clouds, mists, and rains. There are earth dragons, mountain dragons, and sky or celestial dragons (Tian Long) in Chinese tradition. Mythical dragons and serpents are also found widely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4594722",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon King\"\nDragon King The Dragon King, also known as the Dragon God, is a Chinese water and weather god. He is regarded as the dispenser of rain as well as the zoomorphic representation of the \"\"yang\"\" masculine power of generation. He is the collective personification of the ancient concept of the \"\"lóng\"\" in Chinese culture. He can take a variety of forms, the most important ones being the cosmological Sihai Longwang (四海龍王 \"\"Dragon King of the Four Seas\"\") who, with the addition of the Yellow Dragon (黃龍 \"\"Huánglóng\"\") of Xuanyuan, represent the watery and chthonic forces presided over by the Five",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9682564",
"chunk_text": "Dragon\nand their associations with rain are the source of the Chinese customs of dragon dancing and dragon boat racing. Many East Asian deities and demigods have dragons as their personal mounts or companions. Dragons were also identified with the Emperor of China, who, during later Chinese imperial history, was the only one permitted to have dragons on his house, clothing, or personal articles. The word \"\"dragon\"\" entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French \"\"dragon\"\", which in turn comes from (nominative \"\"draco\"\") meaning \"\"huge serpent, dragon\"\", from , \"\"drakon\"\" (genitive \"\"drakontos\"\", δράκοντος) \"\"serpent, giant seafish\"\". The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9940186",
"chunk_text": "\"East Sea (Chinese literature)\"\nEast Sea (Chinese literature) The East Sea (), one of the Four Seas, is identified as the body of water east of the mainland according to ancient Chinese geography. In Chinese literature, the Four Seas are a metaphor for the boundaries of China. It contains modern day East China Sea as well as the Yellow Sea (West Sea) and Bohai Sea. In Chinese mythology, East Sea is the domain of Ao Guang, the \"\"Donghai Longwang\"\" (東海龍王), or \"\"the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea\"\", who is responsible for controlling its storms and tides. Supposedly, the Dragon King resides in a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20029272",
"chunk_text": "\"The Dragon Pearl\"\nwith disbelief the children realize they must find the pearl on their own. However thereʼs one who does believe them: archaeologist Philip Dukas (Robert Mammone), who wants to seize the pearlʼs awesome power for his own sinister ambitions. The only way to stop him is for Josh and Ling to get to it first and return it to its rightful owner. Dragons are legendary creatures that appear in the myths of many cultures. In the West, European dragons are depicted as reptilian or serpent-like creatures that breathe fire. The Chinese dragon is completely different. Chinese dragons are benevolent creatures that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16994035",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nchasing or fighting over the flaming pearl. Chinese dragons are occasionally depicted with bat-like wings growing out of the front limbs, but most do not have wings, as their ability to fly (and control rain/water, etc.) is mystical and not seen as a result of their physical attributes. This description accords with the artistic depictions of the dragon down to the present day. The dragon has also acquired an almost unlimited range of supernatural powers. It is said to be able to disguise itself as a silkworm, or become as large as our entire universe. It can fly among the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3494739",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (fantasy series)\"\nagainst krakens. He eventually left and allied himself with the Butcher, who promised him rule of the ocean in return for his aid in the planned war against the dragons. The \"\"Dragon series\"\" has been well received. It has been described as \"\"a fantasy series starring dragons, magicians, a monkey wizard, and other figures from Chinese folklore, with new adventures and modern dialogue,\"\" The relationship between dragon and human in the form of Shimmer and Thorn \"\"reverses the common role of dragons as villains in English and Western European folk literature\"\". However aside from them and Monkey, \"\"each of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9369702",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (fantasy series)\"\nunbreakable chain on command. Monkey is a minor character in the first two books, but plays a larger role in the last two, in which he is also the narrator. He is based on the Monkey King. Shimmer<br> Shimmer is a dragon princess of the Inland Sea who has been in exile since she fled with the dream pearl after her mother had promised it to her and her brother Pomfret tried to claim it. The dream pearl is a treasure which is capable of creating illusions and changing the forms of its targets, which Shimmer normally keeps under a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4469006",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nand strong enough, hence earning the right to wear the dragon on his skin, lest his luck be consumed by the dragons. Chinese dragons are strongly associated with water and weather in popular religion. They are believed to be the rulers of moving bodies of water, such as waterfalls, rivers, or seas. The Dragon God is the dispenser of rain as well as the zoomorphic representation of the \"\"yang\"\" masculine power of generation. In this capacity as the rulers of water and weather, the dragon is more anthropomorphic in form, often depicted as a humanoid, dressed in a king's costume,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17989048",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nin China called \"\"Nine Dragons\"\", the most famous being Kowloon (in Cantonese) in Hong Kong. The part of the Mekong in Vietnam is known as \"\"Cửu Long\"\", with the same meaning. The Dragon is one of the 12 animals in the Chinese zodiac which is used to designate years in the Chinese calendar. It is thought that each animal is associated with certain personality traits. Dragon years are usually the most popular to have children. There are more people born in Dragon years than in any other animal years of the zodiac. The Azure Dragon (Qing Long, 青龍) is considered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18755996",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon boat\"\nand calamity and encourage rainfall, which is needed for the fertility of the crops and thus, for the prosperity of an agrarian way of life. Celestial dragons were the controllers of rain, monsoons, winds, and clouds. The Emperor was \"\"The Dragon\"\" or the \"\"Son of Heaven\"\", and Chinese people refer to themselves as \"\"dragons\"\" because of its spirit of strength and vitality. Unlike dragons in European mythology, which are typically considered to be evil and demonic, Asian dragons are regarded as wholesome and benevolent, and thus worthy of veneration, not slaying. If rainfall is insufficient, however, drought and famine can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20522226",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinatown Gateway\"\n\"\"Chinatown Gateway\"\" is located at the intersection of West Burnside Street and Northwest Fourth Avenue and serves as the official entrance to Portland's Old Town Chinatown neighborhood. It is tall and made of bronze, marble, granite, wood, tile and steel. The gate features depictions of 78 dragons and 58 mythical characters. Chinese letters on the front and back read \"\"Portland Chinatown\"\" and \"\"Four Seas, One Family\"\", respectively. In 1984, the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association proposed construction of a paifang, or gate. Architect Yu Tang Wang and artist Sun Chau completed a design. The gate was built by Ting Hwa Architects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20029273",
"chunk_text": "\"The Dragon Pearl\"\ngive emperors their power and are representative of all the forces of nature. In many representations of the Chinese dragons, they are shown pursuing the elusive flaming pearl, the symbol of all power and knowledge. There are nine different Chinese dragons. The dragon depicted in the story is the Golden Dragon, the most powerful and benevolent. There are many graphical depictions of the dragon, with variations according to location and historical period. The challenge was how to depict a \"\"realistic\"\" dragon in a live action movie: not only how the dragon should “look”, but also how it should “move” and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16994054",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nthe depiction of the dragon in other Asian cultures, see: Dragons related to the Chinese dragon: Dragons similar to the Chinese dragon: Chinese dragon Chinese dragons, also known as East Asian dragons, are legendary creatures in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and East Asian culture at large. Chinese dragons have many animal-like forms such as turtles and fish, but are most commonly depicted as snake-like with four legs. They traditionally symbolize potent and auspicious powers, particularly control over water, rainfall, typhoons, and floods. The dragon is also a symbol of power, strength, and good luck for people who are worthy of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16736454",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (zodiac)\"\nbe friends with the Dragon, as they admire the Dragon's beautiful bearing and strength. Also, two Dragons can get along well with each other. However, the relationship between the Dragon and the Ox people is usually tense, because both of them are very majestic. The people whom the Dragon feels headaches with the most are the Dog people. They feel uncomfortable due to the Dog's close guard. Dragon (zodiac) The Dragon () is the fifth of the 12-year cycle of animals which appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. It is also the only zodiac sign represented",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5087013",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon Hole\"\nDragon Hole Dragon Hole is the deepest known underwater sinkhole (blue hole) in the world. It is deep. and is located about south of Discovery Reef in the Paracel Islands at . Blue holes are characteristically hundreds of metres deep and generate a distinctive blue colour when seen from above. The local fishermen call it the \"\"eye\"\" of the South China Sea, and believe it is where the Monkey King, depicted in the novel \"\"Journey to the West\"\", found his golden cudgel. Dragon Hole is almost deeper than Dean's Blue Hole in the Bahamas. There are several fresh water sinkholes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12992614",
"chunk_text": "\"Hong (rainbow-dragon)\"\nHong (rainbow-dragon) Hong or jiang () is a two-headed dragon in Chinese mythology, comparable with rainbow serpent legends in diverse cultures and mythologies. Chinese has three \"\"rainbow\"\" words, regular \"\"hong\"\" 虹, literary \"\"didong\"\" 蝃蝀, and \"\"ni\"\" 蜺 \"\"secondary rainbow\"\". Note that all these Chinese characters share a graphic element of \"\"hui\"\" \"\"insect; worm; reptile; etc.\"\" (cf. tripled \"\"chong\"\" ), known in Chinese as Kangxi radical number 142 and loosely translated in English as the \"\"insect radical\"\". In traditional Chinese character classification, \"\"radical-phonetic\"\" or \"\"phono-semantic\"\" characters are statistically the most common category, and they combine a \"\"radical\"\" or determinative that suggests",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18176714",
"chunk_text": "\"Sea Dragon-class ROV\"\nSea Dragon-class ROV Sea Dragon (海龙) class remotely operated underwater vehicle is a class of Chinese ROV used to perform various underwater tasks ranging from oil platform service to salvage and rescue missions, and it is a class of ROUV developed in People's Republic of China with the deepest diving capability: up to 3,500 meters. Although numerous types of ROUVs have been developed in China in the 1980s and 1990s, these ROUVs are limited in that their maximum operating depth is restricted within 1,000 meters, which is not enough for deepwater explorations and other tasks. To meet the urgent need",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16548910",
"chunk_text": "\"Four Seas\"\nFour Seas The Four Seas () were four bodies of water that metaphorically made up the boundaries of ancient China. There is a sea for each for the four cardinal directions. The West Sea is Qinghai Lake, the East Sea is the East China Sea, the North Sea is Lake Baikal, and the South Sea is the South China Sea. Two of the seas were symbolic until they were tied to genuine locations during the Han Dynasty's wars with the Xiongnu. The lands \"\"within the Four Seas\"\", a literary name for China, are alluded to in Chinese literature and poetry.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14155853",
"chunk_text": "\"The Dragon in the Sea\"\nis stealing oil from the East with specialized nuclear submarines (\"\"subtugs\"\") that sneak into the underwater oil fields of the East to secretly pump out the oil and bring it back. Each manned by a crew of four, these submarines undertake the most hazardous, stressful mission conceivable, and of late, the missions have been failing, with the last twenty submarines simply disappearing. The East has been very successful in planting sleepers in the West's military and command structures, and the suspicion is that sleepers are sabotaging the subs or revealing their positions once at sea. John Ramsey, a young psychologist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2841986",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (Dungeons & Dragons)\"\nof neutral alignment. They are the Amethyst Dragon, the Crystal Dragon, the Emerald Dragon, the Sapphire Dragon, and the Topaz Dragon. Sardior is the deity of gem dragons. Although Obsidian Dragons are also technically gem dragons, they are opposed to Sardior and most other gem dragons. The Lung dragons, originally known as Oriental dragons, appeared in the original \"\"Fiend Folio\"\" (1981), including the li lung (earth dragon), the lung wang (sea dragon), the pan lung (coiled dragon), the shen lung (spirit dragon), the t'ien lung (celestial dragon), and the yu lung (carp dragon). Two more were added in the 1st",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9369706",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (fantasy series)\"\nof \"\"living fire\"\", an ancient flammable substance which can burn in water and cannot be extinguished until it burns itself out to be used as a secret weapon. Civet<br> Civet is a witch who sealed the waters of the Inland Sea into a blue pebble centuries ago, causing it to now be known as the Lost Sea. Originally from the city of River Glen, she is more than a thousand years old, but physically appears as \"\"a small, dainty girl of about sixteen\"\", having been preserved as she was when she drowned by her husband, the King Within the River,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20988889",
"chunk_text": "\"Ao (turtle)\"\nAo (turtle) Ao (Chinese: , \"\"Áo\"\") is a large marine turtle in Chinese mythology. He was thought to have lived in the South China Sea during the time of the formation of the world. When the goddess Nüwa, creator of mankind, was repairing the sky after a disaster, she chopped off Ao’s four legs and used them as supports. Another myth claims that Ao still lives and resides in the Bohai Sea, where he carries the three islands of the Eight Immortals (Penglai, Fangzhang, and Yingzhou) upon his back. He is thought to have been an influence on the later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4308280",
"chunk_text": "\"Chouseishin Gransazer\"\nhelp for repairs. The Cloud Dragon is designed for combat support and repairs the ChouSeishin after they suffered battle damage and rendered immobile as a result, in which a sky whirlpool is created to collect the damaged ChouSeiShin and loads them onto one of the 4 storage pads (for the ChouSeiShin of each Tribe in the order of Flame(Garuda), Wind(Dorcrus), Earth(GunCaesar) and Water(Leviathan) respectively) on its body for repairs and restoration in outer space (the first such repairs is done onto the Flame ChouSeiShin Garuda by restoring its damaged left wing), upon which they can be launched straight from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9940187",
"chunk_text": "\"East Sea (Chinese literature)\"\nlarge \"\"dragon palace\"\", the \"\"Donghai Longgong\"\" (東海龍宮), located at its bottom. East Sea (Chinese literature) The East Sea (), one of the Four Seas, is identified as the body of water east of the mainland according to ancient Chinese geography. In Chinese literature, the Four Seas are a metaphor for the boundaries of China. It contains modern day East China Sea as well as the Yellow Sea (West Sea) and Bohai Sea. In Chinese mythology, East Sea is the domain of Ao Guang, the \"\"Donghai Longwang\"\" (東海龍王), or \"\"the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea\"\", who is responsible for controlling",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20988891",
"chunk_text": "\"Ao (turtle)\"\n(\"\"Six ao\"\") peninsula in southern Fujian. Ao (turtle) Ao (Chinese: , \"\"Áo\"\") is a large marine turtle in Chinese mythology. He was thought to have lived in the South China Sea during the time of the formation of the world. When the goddess Nüwa, creator of mankind, was repairing the sky after a disaster, she chopped off Ao’s four legs and used them as supports. Another myth claims that Ao still lives and resides in the Bohai Sea, where he carries the three islands of the Eight Immortals (Penglai, Fangzhang, and Yingzhou) upon his back. He is thought to have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16994033",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\ndeer. The head of a crocodile. A demon's eyes. The neck of a snake. A tortoise's viscera. A hawk's claws. The palms of a tiger. A cow's ears. And it hears through its horns, its ears being deprived of all power of hearing.\"\" He notes that, \"\"Others state it has a rabbit's eyes, a frog's belly, a carp's scales.\"\" The anatomy of other legendary creatures, including the chimera and manticore, is similarly amalgamated from fierce animals. Chinese dragons were considered to be physically concise. Of the 117 scales, 81 are of the yang essence (positive) while 36 are of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15921206",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragon (fantasy series)\"\nburn in water. They make two rescue attempts which end in failure and near death, but escape each time. Eventually reunited with her fellow Inland Sea dragons, Shimmer is able to ally and get aid from her uncle Sambar, who faces imminent defeat from the Boneless King as well as a kraken invasion. Shimmer uses the dream pearl to cast a massive illusion of the dragon army, distracting the Boneless King while Monkey steals back the cauldron and the Inland Sea dragons sink the fleet of warships and infiltrate the human forts to dispose of the living fire. As the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7150131",
"chunk_text": "\"Teng (mythology)\"\nTeng (mythology) Teng () or Tengshe (; lit. \"\"soaring snake\"\") is a flying dragon in Chinese mythology. This legendary creature's names include \"\"teng\"\" 螣 \"\"a flying dragon\"\" (or \"\"te\"\" 螣 \"\"a plant pest\"\") and \"\"tengshe\"\" 螣蛇 \"\"flying-dragon snake\"\" or 騰蛇 \"\"soaring snake\"\". The Chinese character for \"\"teng\"\" or \"\"te\"\" graphically combines a phonetic element of \"\"zhen\"\" \"\"I, we (only used by emperors)\"\" with the \"\"insect radical\"\" . This radical is typically used in characters for insects, worms, reptiles, and dragons (e.g., \"\"shen\"\" \"\"a sea-monster dragon\"\" or \"\"jiao\"\" \"\"an aquatic dragon\"\"). The earliest written form of \"\"teng\"\" 螣 is a (ca.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16891112",
"chunk_text": "\"Eight Immortals\"\nEight Immortals The Eight Immortals () are a group of legendary \"\"xian\"\" (\"\"immortals\"\") in Chinese mythology. Each immortal's power can be transferred to a power tool (法器) that can bestow life or destroy evil. Together, these eight tools are called the \"\"Covert Eight Immortals\"\" (暗八仙). Most of them are said to have been born in the Tang or Song dynasty. They are revered by the Taoists and are also a popular element in the secular Chinese culture. They are said to live on a group of five islands in the Bohai Sea, which includes Mount Penglai. The Immortals are: In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2239416",
"chunk_text": "\"Dragons (Pern)\"\ntakes it away from Pern, are referred to as \"\"Intervals\"\"; usually lasting about two hundred Turns. In the novels, \"\"Long Intervals\"\", of about four hundred and fifty Turns, have occurred twice. These Long Intervals have led the inhabitants of Pern to believe that Thread will never return. Dragons are described as carnivorous, oviparous, warm-blooded creatures. Like all of Pern's native large fauna, they have six limbs – four feet and two wings. Their blood, referred to as ichor, is copper-based and green in color. Their head and general body type is described by McCaffrey as being similar in shape to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19453734",
"chunk_text": "\"South China Sea\"\n(), claiming that barbarians from that sea gave tributes of hawksbill sea turtles to the Zhou rulers. The \"\"Classic of Poetry\"\", \"\"Zuo Zhuan\"\", and \"\"Guoyu\"\" classics of the Spring and Autumn period (771–476 BCE) also referred to the sea, but by the name \"\"Nan Hai\"\" () in reference to the State of Chu's expeditions there. Nan Hai, the South Sea, was one of the Four Seas of Chinese literature. There are three other seas, one for each of the four cardinal directions. During the Eastern Han dynasty (23–220 CE), China's rulers called the Sea \"\"Zhang Hai\"\" (). \"\"Fei Hai\"\" ()",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4469016",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese dragon\"\nwind and rain, ornaments, smoke, shutting the mouth (used for adorning key-holes), standing on steep places (placed on roofs), and fire. The \"\"Sheng'an waiji\"\" (升庵外集) collection by the poet Yang Shen (楊慎, 1488–1559) gives different 5th and 9th names for the dragon's nine children: the \"\"taotie\"\" (), which loves to eat and is found on food-related wares, and the \"\"jiaotu\"\" (), which looks like a conch or clam, does not like to be disturbed, and is used on the front door or the doorstep. Yang's list is \"\"bixi\"\", \"\"chiwen\"\" or \"\"cháofēng\"\", \"\"pulao\"\", \"\"bi'an\"\", \"\"taotie\"\", \"\"qiuniu\"\", \"\"yazi\"\", \"\"suanni\"\", and \"\"jiaotu\"\". Oldest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16251257",
"chunk_text": "\"Ao Guang\"\nGuang is impaled and petrified on Nezha's spear. In the second expansion pack of the videogame \"\"Age Of Mythology\"\", Ao Guang is one of the three minor gods the player can worship in the Mythic Age. He grants the player the Azure Dragon and Dragon Turtle units, and the God Power of the great flood. Ao Guang Ao Guang is the Dragon King of the East Sea in Chinese religion. He appeared in different works including \"\"Fengshen Yanyi\"\" and \"\"Journey to the West\"\". According to the \"\"Fengshen Yanyi\"\", after the passage of many years, Ao Guang had brought chaos to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9682582",
"chunk_text": "Dragon\n100 – 170 AD) increased this number to thirty-one in his \"\"Almagest\"\". In the New Testament, , written by John of Patmos, describes a vision of a Great Red Dragon with seven heads, ten horns, seven crowns, and a massive tail, an image which is clearly inspired by the vision of the four beasts from the sea in the Book of Daniel and the Leviathan described in various Old Testament passages. The Great Red Dragon knocks \"\"a third of the sun... a third of the moon, and a third of the stars\"\" out the sky and pursues the Woman of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407733",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinese water dragon\"\nand Burma), Chinese water dragons are most commonly found along the banks of freshwater lakes and streams. They are active during the day (diurnal), and spend most of their time in the trees or plants (arboreal). If threatened, the dragon will drop from the trees into the water and either swim to safety or remain submerged for up to 90 minutes. Water dragons live in areas with average humidity levels of 40–80% and temperatures ranging from 80–90 °F (26–32 °C). Though they will also eat vegetation, the diet of the water dragon consists mainly of insects, supplemented with an occasional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5689082",
"chunk_text": "\"Azure Dragon\"\ndragon featured on the Chinese national flag in 1862-1912, and on the Twelve Symbols national emblem from 1913-1928. In Japan, the Blue-green Dragon is one of the four guardian spirits of cities and is said to protect the city of Kyoto on the east. The west is protected by the White Tiger, the north is protected by the Black Tortoise, the south is protected by the Vermilion Bird, and the center is protected by the Yellow Dragon. In Kyoto there are temples dedicated to each of these guardian spirits. The Azure Dragon is represented in the Kiyomizu Temple in eastern",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8399924",
"chunk_text": "Dragon\nwith a spade and cut off part of his tail. Li burst through the ceiling and flew away to the Black Dragon River in northeast China, where he became the god of that river. On the anniversary of his mother's death on the Chinese lunar calendar, Old Li returns home, causing it to rain. He is still worshipped as a rain god. In China, dragons are closely associated with rain and drought is thought to be caused by a dragon's laziness. Prayers invoking dragons to bring rain are common in Chinese texts. The \"\"Luxuriant Dew of the Spring and Autumn",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19481818",
"chunk_text": "\"Sea Pole-class bathyscaphe\"\nDragon classes, there are five on the Harmony class. Sea pole class bathyscaphes are deployed on the mothership, Chinese research ship Xiangyanghong (向阳红) No. 9, the only ship right now capable of handling these bathyscaphes. More ships need to be built or converted if every bathyscaphe is to have its own mothership. At least one specially built mothership was requested by scientific research establishments in China, designated as Great Ocean No. 2 (Da Yang Er Hao, 大洋2号). However, in an interview in March 2009, the general engineer of the 702nd Institute, Mr. Yan Kai (颜开) revealed that there was insufficient",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9976814",
"chunk_text": "\"Lung dragon\"\nMost lung dragons don't have breath weapons, but possess instead a variety of spell-like abilities. Lung dragon The lung dragons (formerly known as Oriental dragons) are dragons found in the fantasy role-playing game \"\"Dungeons & Dragons\"\". The li lung, the lung wang, the pan lung, the shen lung, the t'ien lung, and the yu lung first appeared in \"\"Dragon\"\" #24 (April 1979). The li lung (earth dragon), the lung wang (sea dragon), the pan lung (coiled dragon), the shen lung (spirit dragon), the t'ien lung (celestial dragon), and the yu lung (carp dragon) appeared under the \"\"Oriental dragon\"\" heading in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8073946",
"chunk_text": "\"Legend of the Dragon (TV series)\"\nGuardian out of the Temple of the Ox, the eight-year-old boy seeks refuge at Master Chin's dojo. Gone Shadow Ape Production Number: 211 Ang and Master Chin are off in Hong Kong following a lead on the missing Monkey Power Band, while Ling and Beingal keep an eye on the Dragon Temple in San Francisco. It's A Dog-Eat-Wolf World Production Number: 212 Along with Ang, K-Ho goes to the wintry region and learns that a trio of ruthless men in a chopper are harassing the wolves for pleasure and for profit. The Heart of the Dragon Production Number: 213 The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_490
|
what is the meaning of gorakh dhanda in urdu?
|
n/a
|
[
"You are a Puzzle"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2703711",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakh Hill\"\nis said that the great medieval Hindu saint, Sri Gorakhnath Ji, had extensively wandered in hills and the region. According to Nandu, an authority on Sanskrit, Gorakh is a Sanskrit word which means \"\"shepherding of sheep, cow and goat, etc.\"\" Gorakh Hill Station is situated on one of the highest plateaus of Sindh, spread over of land. It is very attractive to nature-lovers owing to its temperate weather and beautiful surroundings. Gorakh Hill Station is famous for its nightlife, specially Bonfire setup. Gorakh's elevation gives it a special climate, with sub-zero temperatures during winter and generally below 20 °C in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2112310",
"chunk_text": "\"Naz Khialvi\"\nNaz Khialvi Naz Khialvi (1947 – 12 December 2010) was a Pakistani lyricist and radio broadcaster, who is mainly known for his Sufi verse \"\"Tum Ek Gorakh Dhanda Ho\"\" (You are a Puzzle), later sung by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, a legendary Qawwali singer, making both of them a household name. He also hosted a radio programme, Sandhal Dharti at Faisalabad radio station for 27 years. Muhammad Siddique, pen name Naz Khialvi, born in Jhok Baig Chak No 394GB, near Tandlianwala, district of Faisalabad, 174 km from Lahore, in Province of Punjab, Pakistan. Khialvi later became a broadcaster with state-run",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5155433",
"chunk_text": "\"Naz Khialvi\"\nRadio Compering Award\"\" in 2000. Naz Khialvi Naz Khialvi (1947 – 12 December 2010) was a Pakistani lyricist and radio broadcaster, who is mainly known for his Sufi verse \"\"Tum Ek Gorakh Dhanda Ho\"\" (You are a Puzzle), later sung by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, a legendary Qawwali singer, making both of them a household name. He also hosted a radio programme, Sandhal Dharti at Faisalabad radio station for 27 years. Muhammad Siddique, pen name Naz Khialvi, born in Jhok Baig Chak No 394GB, near Tandlianwala, district of Faisalabad, 174 km from Lahore, in Province of Punjab, Pakistan. Khialvi later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8261154",
"chunk_text": "\"Buddha Goraya\"\nBuddha Goraya Buddha Goraya / Budha Goraya / Budha Guraya / Urdu: بڈھاگورائیہ is a developing village in Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan.goraya is jat caste. Buddha means old person while Goraya is a caste in Jatt clans. Originally this word was formed when some oldmen who were herders (by caste they were Goraya, Jat) used to graze their herds when this area was meadows in the past. Travelers took this as milestone and indicator of the right direction of their travel, further they started calling them Buddhay Gorayan De (oldmen of Goraya caste). Now this is shortened to Buddha Goraya.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740761",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\nmany verses that describe the avadhuta\"\" (liberated) yogi. The \"\"Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati\"\" text is based on an advaita (nonduality) framework, where the yogi sees \"\"himself in all beings, and all in himself\"\" including the identity of the individual soul (Atman) with the universal (Brahman). This idea appears in the text in various forms, such as the following: Gorakhnath Yogi Gorakhnath (also known as Goraksanath, estimated c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi and saint who was the influential founder of the Nath Hindu monastic movement in India. He is considered as one of the two notable disciples of Matsyendranath.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8280979",
"chunk_text": "\"Madhava (Vishnu)\"\n10-, Gada Madhav, 11-Aadi Madhav, 12-Chakra Madhav. Spiritual Guru His Holiness Swami Shri Ashokji Maharaj who reviewed Dwadash Madhav Parikrama after a long gap gave a Pretty interpretation and meaning of Madhav. Ma(मा) of Madhav in devanagari means- light. Bhagwan Shri Madhav Ji is the only source of divine light(energy), by which this universe is governed. In real sense Bhagwan Shri Madhav Ji is the almighty god and he is the only source of infinite happiness and joy. Dha(ध) means dhan or money, besides dhan another meaning of dha(ध) is dhaj(धज). Graceful style to attract everyone is called dhaj. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17547795",
"chunk_text": "Dhagi\nthe community. Any member of the community which breaches their cultural norms, can be subject to cash fines, or social ostracism. They are a Hindu community, and follows the general customs of the area they reside. A small number of Dhagi, have converted to Islam, and now form a distinct community of Muslim Dhagi. The community is concentrated in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh, and neighbouring state of Bihar. They speak Awadhi and Bhojpuri. Dhagi The Dhagi are Hindu caste, found in North India. The name Dhagi is derived from the Hindi word dhaga, which means thread. The community",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740747",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\nGorakhnath Yogi Gorakhnath (also known as Goraksanath, estimated c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi and saint who was the influential founder of the Nath Hindu monastic movement in India. He is considered as one of the two notable disciples of Matsyendranath. His followers are found in India at the place known as Garbhagiri which is in Ahmednagar in the state of Maharashtra. These followers are called yogis, \"\"Gorakhnathi\"\", \"\"Darshani\"\" or \"\"Kanphata\"\". The details of his biography are unknown and disputed. He was one of nine saints also known as Navnath and is widely popular in Maharashtra, India. Hagiographies",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3823549",
"chunk_text": "Dhrti\nthe preserver and \"\"Hara\"\" (\"\"Rudra) is the destroyer but they themselves are created by Devi at the beginning of a yuga, therefore, she is the mother of all. \"\"Dhrti\"\" meaning 'fortitude' and 'determination' is defined as the subtle faculty in man that makes him strive continuously towards a goal. It provides courage, enthusiasm and perseverance to face and overcome all odds and obstacles. With regard to the three types of \"\"Dhrtis\"\" mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita, Swami Tejomayananda states that \"\"Sattvic dhrti\"\" is the unswerving fortitude with which one works for a noble cause with enthusiasm and dedication, despite obstacles;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15044041",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\nwith the Dashanami Sampradaya of Advaita Vedanta (Hinduism), the mystical figure of Dattatreya, and the Rāmānandīs. While the origins of Hatha yoga are disputed, according to Guy Beck – a professor of Religious Studies known for his studies on Yoga and music, \"\"the connections between Goraknath, the Kanphatas and Hatha yoga are beyond question\"\". The Gurkhas of Nepal and Nepali people of India take their name from this saint. He has long been considered the \"\"rastradevata\"\" (lord of state) of Nepal, with his name appearing on numerous versions of Nepalese coins and currency notes. Gorkha, a historical district of Nepal,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17877338",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakhnath Math\"\nGorakhnath Math The Gorakhnath Math (Gorakhnath Mutt) is a temple of the Nath monastic group of the Nath tradition. The name Gorakhnath derives from the medieval saint, Gorakhnath (c. 11th century), a yogi who travelled widely across India and authored a number of texts that form a part of the canon of Nath Sampradaya. The Nath tradition was founded by guru Matsyendranath. This math is situated in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh within a large premises. The temple performs various cultural and social activities and serves as the cultural hub of the city. Gorakhpur takes its name from Gorakhnath, who was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2703710",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakh Hill\"\nGorakh Hill Gorakh (), () is a Hill Station of Sindh, Pakistan. It is situated at an elevation of in the Kirthar Mountains, northwest of Dadu city. The Gorakh Hill station is situated 423 km from Karachi and nearly 8 hours driving distance. The Hill station attracts thousands of tourists from the city. The name Gorakh is derived from the Brahvi language in which, word \"\"Gurgh\"\" means Wolf and that Balochi language word \"\"Gurkh\"\" is later dialectic adaptation of Brahvi language word Gurgh, meaning wolf. Different opinions have been given about the history and origin of the hill station. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20290525",
"chunk_text": "Dhand\nDhand Dhand (ਢੰਡ) is a Punjabi surname of the Khatri (ਖਤ੍ਰੀ) caste. Dhands have a family temple of ancestors which goes back to 1695 AD, located at the village Pohir (Tehsil Ahmedgarh) District Ludhiana. It is just about 30 km from Ludhiana on Ludhiana Malerkotla Road. Traditionally Dhands visit this place and pray to our Vade Vadehere (Fore-fathers) for the wellbeing of the new-borns and newly wedded couples and the Parivar (Family). An annual congregation of the Dhands from all over is also held on the Amavasia (Dark Night) following Raakhi festival, i.e., in the Moon Month of Bhadra following",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8261165",
"chunk_text": "\"Buddha Goraya\"\ninstitution named Shahid Yousaf studied here 2009-2011 get First Position in UET Lahore 2014. Buddha Goraya Public Library - BGPL is recently established by the efforts of Mr. M. Ajmal Khan Head of Library Services, University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia - with a basic collection of 2000+ books in Urdu language. This will boost literary environment given that locals are interested to go in. Buddha Goraya Buddha Goraya / Budha Goraya / Budha Guraya / Urdu: بڈھاگورائیہ is a developing village in Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan.goraya is jat caste. Buddha means old person while Goraya is a caste in Jatt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3467045",
"chunk_text": "Dharkar\ndivorce and adultery. The 2011 Census of India for Uttar Pradesh showed the Badi classified as a Scheduled Caste. Their population was 113,515. Dharkar The Dharkar are a Hindu caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The word \"\"dharkar\"\" comes from the Hindi words \"\"dhar\"\", meaning rope, and \"\"kar\"\", meaning manufacturer. This denotes their traditional occupation of rope-making. The Dharkar are found mainly in the villages of Shivpur, Ekawna, Bisheshwarganj and Mihirpura in Bahraich district. A small number are also found in the districts of Azamgarh, Allahabad, Gonda and Gorakhpur. They speak the Awadhi dialect of Hindi. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12696046",
"chunk_text": "Dharkar\nDharkar The Dharkar are a Hindu caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The word \"\"dharkar\"\" comes from the Hindi words \"\"dhar\"\", meaning rope, and \"\"kar\"\", meaning manufacturer. This denotes their traditional occupation of rope-making. The Dharkar are found mainly in the villages of Shivpur, Ekawna, Bisheshwarganj and Mihirpura in Bahraich district. A small number are also found in the districts of Azamgarh, Allahabad, Gonda and Gorakhpur. They speak the Awadhi dialect of Hindi. The Dharkar are a strictly endogamous community and are divided into four sub-groups, the Benbansi, Lakharhara, Kharush and Bansphor. These groups are hierarchical in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740749",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\ngoal of man. Gorakhnath championed Yoga, spiritual discipline and an ethical life of self-determination as a means to reaching samadhi and one's own spiritual truths. Gorakhnath, his ideas and yogis have been highly popular in rural India, with monasteries and temples dedicated to him found in many states of India, particularly in the eponymous city of Gorakhpur. Among urban elites, the movement founded by Gorakhnath has been ridiculed. Historians vary in their estimate on when Gorakhnath lived. Estimates based on archaeology and text range from Briggs' 11th- to 12th-century to Baba Farid documents and Jnanesvari manuscripts leading Abbott to connect",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17474777",
"chunk_text": "Kingharia\nKingharia The Kingharia are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. They are also known as Panwariya. The Kingharia are a community of singers and beggers. Their name is derived from the word \"\"kingri\"\", which is a type of a violin. The word Kingharia literally means someone who plays the kingri. They claim to be Abbasi Shaikh and claim descent from Abbas, the uncle of Mohammad, the founder of Islam. The community is found mainly in Awadh, with concentrations in Lucknow, Bahraich, Barabanki and Gorakhpur. According to some traditions, they are a branch of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5712092",
"chunk_text": "\"Goraknath Temple\"\nGoraknath Temple Goraknath Temple () is a Hindu temple located in the Gorkhatri area of Peshwar in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The temple is dedicated to Guru Gorakhnath who founded the \"\"kanphata\"\" Jogi order at Tilla Jogian in the first century BC. Goraknath Temple is one of the few surviving Hindu temples in Peshawar, along with Kalibari Mandir and Dargah Pir Ratan Nath Jee, Jhanda Bazaar. A court ordered the Evacuee Trust Property Board to open this temple (or mandir) in Gorkhatri once a year on Diwali. The other two temples, Dargah Pir Ratan Nath Jee, Jhanda Bazaar and Kalibari Mandir,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9498912",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakhnath Math\"\nand the other a little south of Gorakhpur. The temple at Gorakhpur is said to contain the \"\"samadhi\"\" shrine (tomb) and \"\"gaddi\"\" (prayer seat) of Gorakhnath. These temples constitute the centre of most of the Hindu religious activity in this region. Thousands of devotees come to these temples on the occasion of Makar Sankranti, when they offer khichdi to Gorakhnath Baba. The King of Nepal also occasionally visits one of these temples during this festival. The Gorakhnath Math has a significant following in eastern Uttar Pradesh and the Terai regions of Nepal, and also among wider circles across the Nath",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13346199",
"chunk_text": "\"Kala Dhanda Goray Log\"\nKala Dhanda Goray Log Kala Dhanda Goray Log (Translation: Fair People Black Deeds) is a 1986 action thriller Hindi film directed by Sanjay Khan, starring Sunil Dutt, Sanjay Khan, Anita Raj, Akbar Khan and Amrita Singh. The film's music was by Louis Banks and Laxmikant-Pyarelal, while the lyrics were by Anand Bakshi. The film was shot Chandivali Studio and Film City in Mumbai. This was Khan's last film, before shifting to television, acting and directing TV series like \"\"The Sword of Tipu Sultan\"\" (1990). The title of film became a popular phrase regarding corruption in high places. The music of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18146403",
"chunk_text": "Gogaji\nਮਥੀਆਂ\"\"<br> \"\"ਨੀ ਮੈਂ ਗੁੱਗਾ ਮਨਾਓੁਣ ਚੱਲੀਆਂ\"\"<br> \"\"ਨੀ ਮੈਂ ਬਾਰੀ ਗੁੱਗਾ ਜੀ\"\"<br> \"\"Palle mere mathyaa\"\"<br> \"\"ni mein Gugga manaun challyaa\"\"<br> \"\"ni mein bari Gugga ji\"\"<br> Translation \"\"I have got mathya\"\"<br> \"\"I am going to worship Gugga ji\"\"<br> \"\"Oh Gugga ji\"\"<br> Gogaji Gogaji (also known as Goga, Jahar Veer Gogga, Gugga , Gugga Pir, Gugga Jaharpir, Gugga Chohan, Gugga Rana, Gugga Bir and Raja Mandlik) is a folk deity, worshipped in the northern states of India especially in Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Punjab region, Uttar Pradesh and Jammu. He is a warrior-hero of the region, venerated as a saint and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11754779",
"chunk_text": "\"Dhani (settlement type)\"\nmade of modern brick and mortar, specially in affluent higher-per-capita-income states of Haryana and Punjab, and some richer families of Rajasthan. A hamlet is called \"\"Nesada\"\" (\"\"નેસાડા\"\") in Gujarat, \"\"Pada\"\" (\"\"पाडा\"\", for example Nagpada and Patlipada) in Maharashtra, \"\"Bigha\"\" (\"\"बिघा\"\", for example Bhagan Bigha and Jhakar Bigha) in Bihar. The word (धन in Hindi, धण in Haryanvi and Rajasthani languages) means \"\"wealth\"\" or \"\"possession\"\", and \"\"dhani\"\" means wealthy in English (\"\"धनी\"\" in Hindi, \"\"धणी\"\" in Haryanvi and Rajasthani). Thus, in the context of a hamlet, the corrupted form of Hindi word \"\"dhani\"\" is pronounced \"\"dhaani\"\" (\"\"ढाणी\"\") in Haryanvi and Rajasthani",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17547794",
"chunk_text": "Dhagi\nDhagi The Dhagi are Hindu caste, found in North India. The name Dhagi is derived from the Hindi word dhaga, which means thread. The community spin thread and weave cloth. They are one of a number of communities that have traditional been involved with weaving and spinning, such as the Sadh, Kori and Momin Ansari. The traditional occupation of the Dhagi was weaving and spinning thread. With growing industrialisation of the Indian economy, the Dhagi have abandoned their traditional occupations. They are now mainly engaged in agriculture. The community have a fairly strong caste council, which maintains social control over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15254870",
"chunk_text": "\"Dhadi (music)\"\nDhadi (music) Dhadi ( , Dhādi), also spelled as Dhadhi, is one who sings ballads using Dhadd and Sarangi, the folk instruments of Punjab. According to Kahn Singh Nabha's Mahan Kosh the definition of \"\"dhadhi\"\" is \"\"One who sings ballads of warriors playing Dhadd\"\". Dhadis are a distinct group performers emerged in the time of Sikh gurus. The word \"\"Dhadi\"\" can be translated in English to be a \"\"minstrel\"\" or \"\"bard\"\". The word is used several times in the Sikh religious text, Guru Granth Sahib, in the meaning of humbleness. In his compositions, Hazrat Baba Nanak called himself a Dhadhi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4964445",
"chunk_text": "Dhunni\nDhunni Dhunni is a village in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is part of Kharian Tehsil. The word Dhunni is derived from word Dhooni (as shown in old documents paper in land registration office Dhunni). Dhooni means to blow fire Punjabi. There are other two village named Dhunni. The first is Dhunni at Hafizabad and other is Dhunni Kalan at Mandi Bahauddin. Dhunni is place of shrine of Pir of Hujra Shah Muqeem named Pir Imam Ali Shah and Pir Mubarak Ali Shah. Also known as Dam Meeram Lal Pak Bahawal Sher Qalandar. Habib",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6901360",
"chunk_text": "\"Hindustan Zindabad\"\nbe derived from the Old Persian word \"\"Hindu\"\", which in turn is derived from \"\"Sindhu\"\", the Sanskrit name for the Indus River. Old Persian refers to the people living beyond the Indus as \"\"Hinduš\"\". This combined with the Avestan suffix \"\"-stān\"\" (cognate to Sanskrit \"\"sthān\"\", both meaning \"\"place\"\") results in \"\"Hindustan\"\", as the land on the other side (from Persia) of the Indus. \"\"Zindabad\"\" (may [idea, person, country] live forever) is a typical Urdu and Persian suffix that is placed after a person or a country name. It is used to express victory, patriotism or as a prayer. The slogan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15044045",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\nSamhita, Goraksha Gita, Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati, Yoga Martanada, Yoga Siddhanta Paddhati, Yoga-Bija, Yoga Chintamani. He is believed to be the founder of the Nath Sampradaya and it is stated that the nine Naths and 84 Siddhas are all human forms created as yogic manifestations to spread the message of yoga and meditation to the world. It is they who reveal samadhi to mankind.\"\" The \"\"Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati\"\" is a Hatha Yoga Sanskrit text attributed to Gorakhnath by the Nath tradition. According to Feuerstein (1991: p. 105), it is \"\"one of the earliest hatha yoga scriptures, the \"\"Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati\"\", contains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19579444",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakhdham Express\"\nGorakhdham Express Gorakhdham Express is a daily Superfast class train service of Indian Railways, which runs between the cities of Gorakhpur and Hissar via state capital of Uttar Pradesh; Lucknow, city of Kanpur and national capital New Delhi. It is considered as one of the important trains of North Eastern Railway and Indian Railways as well. This train is named after Guru Gorakhnath. Gorakhdham means \"\"Place of Guru Gorakhnath\"\". It is ISO 9001:2015 certified train of Indian Railways. Cleanliness and safety of passengers is the first motive of this train. This train is claimed to have cleanest and hygienic accommodation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12152342",
"chunk_text": "Dharna\nwith law enforcement. Dharna generally refers to fixing one's mind on an object. It refers to whole-heartedly pledging toward an outcome or to inculcating a directed attitude. Dharna is consciously and diligently holding a point of view with the intent of achieving a goal. The word originates from the Sanskrit word \"\"dharnam\"\". In Pakistan, the term was first used in 1958 by Abdul Qayyum Khan against the Prime Minister Feroze Khan's administration to remove his President Iskander Mirza but its effective usage was made by Naeem Siddiqui proposed the to use dharna politics for obtaining objectives and latter on Qazi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740751",
"chunk_text": "Gorakhnath\nAdi Shankara that championed the Yoga and Advaita Vedanta interpretation of the Upanishads. Gorakhnath considered the controversy between dualism and nondualism spiritual theories in medieval India as useless from practice point of view, he emphasized that the choice is of the yogi, that the spiritual discipline and practice by either path leads to \"\"perfectly illumined samadhi state of the individual phenomenal consciousness\"\", states Banerjea. The hagiography on Gorakhnath describe him to have appeared on earth several times. The legends do not provide a time or place where he was born, and consider him to be superhuman. North Indian hagiographies suggest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4705004",
"chunk_text": "Dastgir\nthe region, Shaykh Abdul Qadir Gillani, founder of the Qadiri Sufi order. It is often said the term itself arose with him, since he had the title \"\"al-Gauth al Azam\"\" (the \"\"Supreme Helper\"\"), and the root of Dastgir literally denotes a helper or helping hand. Moreover, in Afghanistan and Pakistan, \"\"Dastgir\"\" is common amongst Pashtun peoples. As a surname it is often mated to Ghulam or Amir as first names. \"\"Ghulam Dastgir\"\" meaning \"\"\"\"servant of the saint(s)\"\"\"\" and \"\"Amir Dastgir\"\" meaning \"\"\"\"command of the saints\"\"\"\" or \"\"\"\"commander of the saints\"\"\"\" (the latter just emphasizing the original meaning, \"\"\"\"saint of saints\"\"\"\")",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11503635",
"chunk_text": "\"Alakh Niranjan\"\norganised and assimilated most Yogis of the Hatha Yoga and Tantra Cult into the enormous Nath tradition. The city of Gorakhpur in North India is named after the legendary Yogi. 'Alakh Niranjan' became a very popular name for God all over India during and after Gorakhnath's time. Later first Sikh Guru, Nanak used this holy name to denote God. ADESH ADESH - Whenever Yogis or Nath-Yogis meet, they greet each other with the salutation “Adesh-Adesh!” Gorakshanath the Maha Yogi wrote: Thus the yogi in his contact with others expressed only the simple truth in the words, “Adesh-Adesh!” It is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12152341",
"chunk_text": "Dharna\nDharna A dharna (Hindi: धरना, Nepali:धर्ना; Urdu: دهرنا) is a non-violent sit-in protest, which may include fast undertaken at the door of an offender, especially a debtor, in India as a means of obtaining compliance with a demand for justice, state response of criminal cases, or payment of a debt. It was a popular form of protest during the Indian independence movement and part of Mahatma Gandhi's satyagraha form of civil disobedience and protest. In India, there are designated places for conducting Dharna, and a permission is required for it. Often, those practicing dharna break the permission leading to clashes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12218293",
"chunk_text": "\"Goraknath Temple\"\nare ongoing functional temples in daily use. Goraknath Temple Goraknath Temple () is a Hindu temple located in the Gorkhatri area of Peshwar in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The temple is dedicated to Guru Gorakhnath who founded the \"\"kanphata\"\" Jogi order at Tilla Jogian in the first century BC. Goraknath Temple is one of the few surviving Hindu temples in Peshawar, along with Kalibari Mandir and Dargah Pir Ratan Nath Jee, Jhanda Bazaar. A court ordered the Evacuee Trust Property Board to open this temple (or mandir) in Gorkhatri once a year on Diwali. The other two temples, Dargah Pir Ratan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13225548",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakh Aya\"\nGorakh Aya Gorakh Aya (Gorakh Has Come) is a 1938 Hindi mythology film from Ranjit Movietone. It was the debut directorial venture for Chaturbhuj Doshi, who had made a name for himself as a journalist and publicist. The screenplay was by Gunvantrai Acharya, with dialogues by Pyare Lal Santoshi. The cinematographer was Krishna gopal and music was composed by Gyan Dutt. The film starred Rajkumari, Mazhar Khan, Trilok Kapoor, and Kalyani in the lead roles. The film was also Rajkumari's debut as a playback singer. The story based on the legend of Machhindra and his disciple Gorakh, involves Machhindra's retreat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18475991",
"chunk_text": "\"Muslim Dhagi\"\ncouncil deal with issues of intra-community disputes such as elopement and divorces. Muslim Dhagi The Muslim Dhagi are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. They were also known as the Julahas. The Muslim Dhagi are converts from the Hindu Dhagi caste. They get their name from the Hindi term dhaga, which means a thread. The Dhagi were traditionally involved in the manufacture of thread. Their area of traditional habitation is the north-western part of the Indo-Gangetic plain. They are an Urdu speaking community, but are also conversant in Hindi. The Dhagi are entirely Sunni",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10998837",
"chunk_text": "\"Muslim Dhagi\"\nMuslim Dhagi The Muslim Dhagi are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. They were also known as the Julahas. The Muslim Dhagi are converts from the Hindu Dhagi caste. They get their name from the Hindi term dhaga, which means a thread. The Dhagi were traditionally involved in the manufacture of thread. Their area of traditional habitation is the north-western part of the Indo-Gangetic plain. They are an Urdu speaking community, but are also conversant in Hindi. The Dhagi are entirely Sunni Muslim, and perceive themselves of Shaikh status. The community consist of two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9663265",
"chunk_text": "\"Shahid (name)\"\nit is also used in the sense of \"\" martyrs\"\" in Sikhism, e.g. the 18th century Shaheed Bhai Mani Singh and the Indian freedom fighter Shaheed Bhagat Singh (1907–1931). Both meanings of \"\"šāhid\"\" ( \"\"witness\"\") and \"\"šahīd\"\" ( \"\"martyr\"\") have also been loaned into Hindustani and Bengali as common nouns. Shahid (name) Shahid or Shaheed ( \"\"\"\") is a Muslim given name translating to \"\"witness\"\", mostly found in South Asia. It is derived form the same root š-h-d (c.f. Shahadah). It is also used as a surname. \"\"Aš-šāhid\"\" \"\"the witness\"\" is also one of the names given to Muhammad, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8716193",
"chunk_text": "\"Kala Dhanda Goray Log\"\nfilm was given by Louis Banks and Laxmikant-Pyarelal, while the lyrics were by Anand Bakshi. It also featured a qawwali, \"\"Allah Hoo Allah Hoo\"\", for which veteran actor Shammi Kapoor made a guest appearance. Kala Dhanda Goray Log Kala Dhanda Goray Log (Translation: Fair People Black Deeds) is a 1986 action thriller Hindi film directed by Sanjay Khan, starring Sunil Dutt, Sanjay Khan, Anita Raj, Akbar Khan and Amrita Singh. The film's music was by Louis Banks and Laxmikant-Pyarelal, while the lyrics were by Anand Bakshi. The film was shot Chandivali Studio and Film City in Mumbai. This was Khan's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8801709",
"chunk_text": "\"Dhar (surname)\"\nDhar (surname) Dhar (also spelled Dar) is a Kashmiri surname (kram), found among Muslims (from Pandit lineage) & Hindu Pandits native to the Kashmir Valley of India, as well as Kashmiri émigrés who have migrated to the Punjab, a region divided between India and neighbouring Pakistan. Hindu Dhars / Dars today hold a Vaishya status (both Brahmin & Kshatriya) because of their ancestors. The Dhar \"\"kram\"\" originates from the honorific given to a village head, strongman or a warlord of a jagir. This honorific was prevalent during the 12th Century A.D. and remained in vogue up until the 14th Century",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9766923",
"chunk_text": "Dharhi\nDharhi The Dharhi are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Their name is a corruption of the Sanskrit word \"\"dhrista\"\", which means impudent. The community are traditionally associated with singing. Like other Muslim groups involved with in singing, there occupation has led to the community evolving a distinct identity from neighbouring Uttar Pradesh Muslims. They are found in Gopamau and Sandhila in Hardoi District, Kakori in Lucknow District and Lakhimpur in Lakhimpur Kheri District. A small number are also found in Raibareli and Faizabad districts. The Dharhi speak the Awadhi dialect. The Dharhi are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5683106",
"chunk_text": "Chakdina\nChakdina Chakdina or Dinachak is a village in Kharian Tehsil of Gujrat District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated at about five km westwards from the town of Lalamusa. Its coordinates are 32.7032189, 73.8749823. Chakdina is situated in the Ganja Union Council. Other villages in this Union Council are Ganja, Chak Ikhlas, Hail, Mughli, Dhalla, Chak Rajjadi, Jataria Khurd, Jataria Kalan, Chatta and Sarwani. The name Chakdina is combination of words 'Chak' meaning village and 'Dina' meaning of Allahdin. The first inhabitant of the village Chaudhry Allahdin was nicknamed Dina hence Chakdina became the name of the village. There are other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5155690",
"chunk_text": "Matha\nUttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, north Bihar, and Nepal. The Gorakhnath matha is an active Shaivism monastery named after the medieval saint, Gorakhnath of the Nath sampradaya. The matha and town of Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh is named after him. The monastery and the temple performs various cultural and social activities and serves as the cultural hub of the city. The monastery also publishes texts on the philosophy of Gorakhnath. Nath Shaiva monastic organization was one of those Hindu monk groups that militarized and took up arms following the Muslim conquest of India, to resist persecution. They were scorned and persecuted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2272607",
"chunk_text": "\"Muslim Bandhmati\"\nMuslim Bandhmati The Bandhmati are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The Muslim Bandhmati are Muslim converts from the Hindu Bandhmati caste. In Hindi, the word \"\"bandhmati\"\" literally means a manufacturer of ropes. The exact circumstances to their conversion to Islam are unclear, with a number of differing traditions. One relate to conversion at the hand of the Sufi preacher Syed Salar Masud, who is buried in Bahraich. The community is concentrated in Saharanpur District, and also found in the other districts of the Doab region of western Uttar Pradesh. They speak Urdu among",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18995932",
"chunk_text": "\"Rudra Avtar\"\nwith title Rudra: ਰੁਦ੍ਰ ਧਿਆਨ ਗਿਆਨ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਕੇ ਕਬਿ ਜਨ ਭਲ੍ਯ੍ਯ ਉਨਹ ਜ ਗਾਵੈ ॥<br> रुद्र धिआन गिआन सतिगुर के कबि जन भल्य उनह जो गावै ॥<br> With Rudra's attention and the spiritual wisdom of the True Guru, says BHALL the poet, these may be counted. (ਭਟ ਭਲ੍ਯ੍ਯ, ਪੰਨਾ 1396, ਸਤਰ 7, Guru Granth Sahib ) Guru Granth Sahib covers the concept of Rudra Dhyaan. Every living being's surt/dhyaaan (or attention) can be directed in two ways, one towards one's body (outer world), and the other towards one's own self (source of attention). As long as our attention stays on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9562197",
"chunk_text": "\"Imdadullah Muhajir Makki\"\nImdad ul Mushtaq regarding his teacher Noor Muhammad, he says: تم ہو اے نور محمد خاص محبوب خدا ہند میں ہو نائب حضرت محمد مصطفیٰ تم مدد گار مدد،امداد کو پھر خوف کیا عشق کی پر سن کے باتیں کانپتے ہیں دست و پا اے شہ نور محمد،وقت ہے امداد کا آسرا دنیا میں ہے از بس تمہاری ذات کا This translates into English as: You are, O Noor Muhammad, the remarkably beloved of Allah; you are the deputy of Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa pbuh in India. You are the helper then what to worry for assistance, but hands and feet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10044683",
"chunk_text": "\"Geet (song)\"\nGeet (song) Geet (Song or Lyrical poetry) (Hindi:गीत) (Urdu:گیت) in Hindi and in Urdu may refer to any poem set to music that can be sung alone or as a duet or in chorus. It has remained popular in all parts of the Indian sub-continent particularly in the Hindi and Urdu speaking areas. In its classical form a Geet conforms to Prabandha, a composition bound by Dhatu that comprises Sthayi, Antara, Dhrupad etc.; and Anga that comprises swar, taal, pat, birud etc. Therefore, it has a beginning part known as Prabandha which is followed by an Udgraah or Dhruv which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1499215",
"chunk_text": "Dhrti\nDhrti Dhṛti or Dhriti () means to 'act with determination' (Bhagavad Gita Sl. XVIII.26), 'patience' (Srimad Bhagavatam Sl. V.v.10-13), 'firmness' (\"\"Caitanyacaritamrita Madhya\"\" Sl. XXIV.11), and refers to 'perseverance' (Caitanyacaritamrita Madhya Sl. XXIV.174), 'wearing regularly' (\"\"Caitanyacaritamrita Madhya\"\" XXIV.333) and to one of the eleven \"\"Rudranis\"\" (Srimad Bhagavatam Sl.III.xii.13). There is no correct equivalent English word for \"\"Dhrti\"\" which is derived from \"\"dhr-\"\" meaning 'to bear'. \"\"Dhrti\"\" meaning 'fortitude' and 'determination' is defined as the subtle faculty in man that makes him strive continuously towards a goal. It provides courage, enthusiasm and perseverance to face and overcome all odds and obstacles. \"\"Dhrti\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9498917",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorakhnath Math\"\nthe Hindu Yuva Vahini was at one point contemplating running for the elections on its own under the Hindu Mahasabha banner, but finally reached a compromise with the BJP. On 18 March 2017, Yogi Adityanath was nominated as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh by the Bharatiya Janata Party. He took oath as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh on 19 March 2017. In May 2015, the math organized special \"\"havans\"\" and \"\"kalash-yatra\"\" to pray for the victims of 2015 India-Nepal Earthquakes which killed close to 10,000 people. Gorakhnath Math The Gorakhnath Math (Gorakhnath Mutt) is a temple of the Nath",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_491
|
who was the first to say i'm going to disney world?
|
n/a
|
[
"Jeana Yeager",
"Phil Simms",
"Dick Rutan"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640655",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\nphrase, so that the ads can be broadcast in different American media markets to strategically promote either the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida or the Disneyland Resort in California. In most cases, Disney arranges for its star to appear in a parade at either Disneyland or one of the Walt Disney World theme parks the day immediately following the victory in order to fulfill the spoken promise in one version. In his 1998 memoir \"\"Work in Progress\"\", Disney CEO Michael Eisner credited his wife, Jane, with the idea for the campaign. According to Eisner, during the January 1987 grand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640653",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\nI'm going to Disney World! \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" and \"\"I'm going to Disneyland!\"\" are advertising slogans used in a series of television commercials by The Walt Disney Company that began airing in 1987. Used to promote the company's theme park resorts in Florida and California, the commercials most often are broadcast following the Super Bowl and typically feature an NFL player (usually the Super Bowl MVP) shouting the phrase while celebrating the team's victory immediately after the championship game. These commercials have also promoted champions from other sports, and winners of non-sport competitions such as \"\"American Idol\"\". Disney",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640656",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\nopening for the Star Tours attraction at Disneyland, the couple dined with Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager, who in December 1986 had piloted the first aircraft to fly around the world without stopping or refueling. After Jane Eisner asked what the pilots planned to do next, they replied, \"\"Well, we're going to Disneyland.\"\" She later told her husband the phrase would make a great advertising campaign. Weeks later, Disney launched the series following Super Bowl XXI on January 25, 1987 with a commercial featuring New York Giants quarterback Phil Simms. Simms was paid a reported $75,000 for his participation. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640659",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\nfamous phrase in an interview after Super Bowl 50. The commercials generally star a single NFL player immediately following the Super Bowl but the campaign also has featured athletes from other championship games and several non-celebrities. 1987 1988 1989 1991 1994 1997 2004 2007 2008 2009 2010 I'm going to Disney World! \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" and \"\"I'm going to Disneyland!\"\" are advertising slogans used in a series of television commercials by The Walt Disney Company that began airing in 1987. Used to promote the company's theme park resorts in Florida and California, the commercials most often are broadcast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640658",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\ntrip to teammate James White. In 2006, the campaign resumed before Super Bowl XL as Disney projected scenes from the 20-year history of the campaign onto a Detroit skyscraper in the days before the game. During the television broadcast, Disney aired a commercial showing members of the Pittsburgh Steelers and Seattle Seahawks practicing how they would deliver the famous phrase while preparing for the game. The following day, the company began airing a traditional \"\"What's Next\"\" commercial featuring Steelers Hines Ward and Jerome Bettis. Even though it was not part of the ad buy in 2016, Peyton Manning said the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640657",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\ncompany later aired three more ads that year with other athletes following major sports championships. Ray Lewis was named Super Bowl XXXV MVP, however due to the bad attention over a murder trial Lewis was involved in the previous year, the signature phrase \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" was given instead to quarterback Trent Dilfer, who was a game manager. In subsequent years, Disney reportedly has offered $30,000 to athletes and other stars for participating in the ads and appearing at one of its theme parks. Although Tom Brady was named MVP of Super Bowl LI, he gave the Disney",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10800354",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Lindquist\"\nand celebratory tradition, when the New York Giants won Super Bowl XXI in 1985, and quarterback Phil Simms was the first to utter the phrase: \"\"I'm Going to Disneyland.\"\" while on the East coast broadcasting feed, the line was: \"\"I'm Going to Disney World.\"\" Upon reading of the rise of the British pound in the financial section of a newspaper, Lindquist was inspired to create a real currency for Disneyland and Walt Disney World. Disneyland, after all, was at that time drawing approximately 12 million people a year and an additional 24 million would visit the Walt Disney World resort;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12928746",
"chunk_text": "Epcot\n(grass areas hold additional 500+ vehicles). Before it opened on October 1, 1982, Walt Disney World Ambassador Genie Field introduced E. Cardon Walker, Disney's chairman and CEO, who dedicated EPCOT Center. Walker also presented a family with lifetime passes for the two Walt Disney World theme parks. His remarks were followed by Florida Governor Bob Graham and William Ellinghaus, president of AT&T. As part of the opening-day ceremony, dancers and band members performed \"\"We've Just Begun to Dream\"\". The Sherman Brothers wrote a song especially for the occasion entitled \"\"The World Showcase March\"\". During the finale, doves and many sets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4640654",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\nrefers to the campaign as \"\"What's Next?\"\" in reference to the commercial's usual format, which has the star appear to be answering a question posed by an unseen narrator—\"\"What are you going to do next?\"\"—after his or her moment of triumph. The narrator is Mark Champion, a veteran radio play-by-play announcer for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Detroit Lions, Detroit Pistons, and Westwood One. Most ads feature the song \"\"When You Wish Upon a Star\"\" and end with a shot of fireworks over Cinderella Castle or Sleeping Beauty Castle. Typically the star records two versions of the commercial, one for each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5209192",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Monorail System\"\nfirst-come, first-served basis, and a pilot gave out \"\"co-pilot licenses\"\" at the end of the journey. Front cab riding was suspended permanently after the July 5, 2009 crash. The monorail system uses a set of pre-recorded announcements to instruct and entertain passengers. Prior to departure when the pilot closes the doors, an announcement asks guests to \"\"Please stand clear of the doors. Por favor manténganse alejado de las puertas.\"\" One of the most well-known phrases within the resort, it was recorded by Jack Wagner, who was known as \"\"the Voice of Disneyland.\"\" In 1988 following the construction of the Grand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217206",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nshe predicted that Disney was building a second theme park in Florida. Three days later after gathering more information from various sources, the \"\"Sentinel\"\" published another article headlined, \"\"We Say: 'Mystery Industry' Is Disney\"\". Walt Disney had originally planned to publicly reveal Disney World on November 15, 1965, but in light of the \"\"Sentinel\"\" story, Disney asked Florida Governor Haydon Burns to confirm the story on October 25. His announcement called the new theme park \"\"the greatest attraction in the history of Florida\"\". The official reveal was kept on the previously-planned November 15 date, and Disney joined Burns in Orlando",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217210",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nknown as \"\"Walt Disney World\"\" in his brother's honor. In his own words: \"\"Everyone has heard of Ford cars. But have they all heard of Henry Ford, who started it all? Walt Disney World is in memory of the man who started it all, so people will know his name as long as Walt Disney World is here.\"\" After the dedication, Roy Disney asked Walt's widow, Lillian, what she thought of Walt Disney World. According to biographer Bob Thomas, she responded, \"\"I think Walt would have approved.\"\" Roy Disney died at age 78 on December 20, 1971, less than three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12928777",
"chunk_text": "\"The Walt Disney Company\"\nat the same time. On July 18, 1955, Walt Disney opened Disneyland to the general public. On July 17, 1955, Disneyland was previewed with a live television broadcast hosted by Robert Cummings, Art Linkletter and Ronald Reagan. After a shaky start, Disneyland continued to grow and attract visitors from across the country and around the world. A major expansion in 1959 included the addition of America's first monorail system. For the 1964 New York World's Fair, Disney prepared four separate attractions for various sponsors, each of which would find its way to Disneyland in one form or another. During this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217199",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nthe complex. Without him spearheading the construction, the company built a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning the experimental concepts for a planned community. Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (the newest, 1998). Today, Walt Disney World is the most visited vacation resort in the world, with average annual attendance of more than 52 million. The resort is the flagship destination of Disney's worldwide corporate enterprise and has become a popular staple in American culture. In 1959, Walt Disney Productions began",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12812099",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXI\"\nGiants were the first team to initiate what has now become a standard post-game celebration, and the Super Bowl telecast enabled a large, national audience to first witness what has become commonplace. Super Bowl XXI MVP Phil Simms became the first athlete to appear in an \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" television ad, being recorded shouting the phrase while celebrating the team's victory immediately after the game. On the Broncos' first play after receiving the opening kickoff, quarterback John Elway faked a handoff, then spun around and ran in the opposite direction for a 10-yard gain to the Denver 34-yard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11832390",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Broggie\"\nof Rocks.\"\" He has authored and edited numerous articles for regional and national publications. Michael Broggie Michael Broggie (born June 19, 1942) is an historian and author who has researched the life and legacy of Walt Disney. As a public speaker, he toured the country lecturing on his first-person experiences with Walt Disney and many of the Disney Legends, including his father, Roger E. Broggie, who was selected by Walt Disney to be his first Imagineer. Born in Los Angeles, California, Broggie grew up between Lake Arrowhead and the San Fernando Valley. His father, Roger E. Broggie, was the head",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11059780",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney Imagineering\"\nperhaps best known for its development of Audio-Animatronics, a form of robotics for use in shows and attractions in the theme parks that allowed Disney to animate things in three dimensions instead of just two. The idea sprang from Disney's fascination with a mechanical bird he purchased in New Orleans, which eventually led to the development of the attraction The Enchanted Tiki Room. The Tiki Room, which featured singing Audio-Animatronic birds, was the first to use such technology. The 1964 World's Fair featured an Audio-Animatronic figure of Abraham Lincoln that actually stood up and delivered part of the Gettysburg Address",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12917743",
"chunk_text": "\"Happiest Homecoming on Earth\"\nfor a special media preview. Disney allowed guests staying at the three Disney owned hotels to become \"\"extras\"\" for the all the media filming going on, though they only were notified by a letter delivered in the middle of the night, so they had no advance notice. The Happiest Homecoming on Earth ceremony officially began with a dedication from then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner. The ceremony included fireworks; speeches from Julie Andrews (official ambassador for the 50th anniversary celebrations), and Art Linkletter (original TV anchor for the opening day broadcast); a performance of \"\"When You Wish Upon A Star\"\" by Christina",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3539268",
"chunk_text": "\"Roger E. Broggie\"\nStreet, U.S.A. at Disneyland. The text reads: \"\"Can Do Machine Works / Mechanical Wonders / Live Steam Engines / Magical Illusions / Cameras / Roger Broggie, Shopmaster / Advisor to the Magic Makers\"\". Roger E. Broggie Roger Edward Broggie (October 22, 1908 – November 4, 1991) was an American mechanical engineer who worked with Walt Disney and the Walt Disney Company. He is considered the first Disney Imagineer. Broggie was born in 1908, in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. He graduated from Mooseheart Child City's high school in the western suburbs of Chicago, Illinois in 1927. With vocational machine shop training, he moved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060505",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney Parks and Resorts\"\n, which was carried out in 1964, amassing by . Plans for the Florida project that would eventually become Walt Disney World were announced to the public in . Legislation forming the Reedy Creek Improvement District was signed into law by Florida Governor Claude R. Kirk, Jr. on May 12, 1967, allowing Disney to build the infrastructure for the second park. Ground breaking followed for the future Reedy Creek park on May 30. In Roy O. Disney's last act as CEO in 1968, he officially named the second park Walt Disney World. Disneyland International was incorporated on . The next",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17344984",
"chunk_text": "\"Disneyland Paris\"\nas Space Mountain at the Walt Disney World Resort's Magic Kingdom in 1975) including a \"\"cannon launch\"\" system, inversions, and an on-ride soundtrack, the US$100 million attraction was dedicated in a ceremony attended by celebrities such as Elton John, Claudia Schiffer, and Buzz Aldrin. On 25 July 1995, Euro Disney S.C.A. reported its first ever quarterly profit of US$35.3 million. On 15 November 1995, the results for the fiscal year ending 30 September 1995, were released; in one year the theme park's attendance had climbed from 8.8 million to 10.7 million – an increase of 21%. Hotel occupancy had also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11555424",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden Pass (Disney)\"\nGolden Pass (Disney) The Golden Pass is a ticket which allows the holder access to all nine of the theme parks owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company. First awarded in 1955 to Dave MacPherson, the first member of the public to become a paying guest at Disneyland, the Pass is awarded to all Disney Legends and has been handed to dignitaries, heads of state, and all members of the board of directors. The Pass is valid at the following parks: Disneyland Resort (Disneyland, Disney California Adventure Park), Walt Disney World Resort (Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios, Disney's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217207",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nfor the event. Walt Disney died from circulatory collapse caused by lung cancer on December 15, 1966, before his vision was realized. His brother and business partner, Roy O. Disney, postponed his retirement to oversee construction of the resort's first phase. On February 2, 1967, Roy O. Disney held a press conference at the Park Theatres in Winter Park, Florida. The role of EPCOT was emphasized in the film that was played. After the film, it was explained that for Disney World, including EPCOT, to succeed, a special district would have to be formed: the Reedy Creek Improvement District with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4060516",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney Parks and Resorts\"\nWalt Disney Attractions, Inc. on August 10, 1989. In January 1990, Disney CEO Eisner announced plans to expand both Disneyland (by 20% in 10 years) and Disney World (WDW). The plan would have WDW add another theme park and 16 new attractions in Disney-MGM Studios. Disney and The Coca-Cola Company agreed to a 15-year marketing contract on January 25: Coca-Cola products would be exclusive in Disney theme parks, and Coca-Cola would use some Disney characters in their ads. On March 16, 1990, Attractions president Nunis announced a 25-year plan for a development in Osceola, Florida, with homes, shopping malls and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217209",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nthe district was allowed to issue tax-exempt bonds for public projects within the district, despite the sole beneficiary being Walt Disney Productions. The district soon began construction of drainage canals, and Disney built the first roads and the Magic Kingdom. The Contemporary Resort Hotel and Polynesian Village were also completed in time for the park's opening on October 1, 1971. The Palm and Magnolia golf courses near Magic Kingdom had opened a few weeks before, while Fort Wilderness opened a month later. 24 days after the park opened, Roy O. Disney dedicated the property and declared that it would be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13117120",
"chunk_text": "\"Storytellers (statue)\"\nright quotes Walt Disney as saying, \"\"We are just getting started.\"\" The plaque to the left uses another, longer quote: \"\"It was July 1923. I packed all of my worldly goods — a pair of trousers, a checkered coat, a lot of drawing materials and the last of the fairy tale reels we had made — in a kind of frayed cardboard suitcase. And with that wonderful audacity of youth, I went to Hollywood, arriving there with just forty dollars. It was a big day the day I got on that Santa Fe California Limited. I was just free and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8473780",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Broggie\"\nMichael Broggie Michael Broggie (born June 19, 1942) is an historian and author who has researched the life and legacy of Walt Disney. As a public speaker, he toured the country lecturing on his first-person experiences with Walt Disney and many of the Disney Legends, including his father, Roger E. Broggie, who was selected by Walt Disney to be his first Imagineer. Born in Los Angeles, California, Broggie grew up between Lake Arrowhead and the San Fernando Valley. His father, Roger E. Broggie, was the head of Walt Disney Studio's machine shop. As a small child, Michael Broggie got to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6603443",
"chunk_text": "Disneyland\nparents threw their children over the crowd's shoulders to get them onto rides, such as the King Arthur Carrousel. In later years, Disney and his 1955 executives referred to July 17, 1955, as \"\"Black Sunday\"\". After the extremely negative press from the preview opening, Walt Disney invited attendees back for a private \"\"second day\"\" to experience Disneyland properly. At the time, and during the lifetimes of Walt and Roy Disney, July 17 was considered merely a preview, with July 18 the official opening day. Since then, aided by memories of the television broadcast, the company has adopted July 17 as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217205",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nhe claimed a $50 million investment was in the works for Disneyland, and that he had no interest in building a new park. In October 1965, editor Emily Bavar from the \"\"Sentinel\"\" visited Disneyland during the park's 10th-anniversary celebration. In an interview with Disney, she asked him if he was behind recent land purchases in Central Florida; Bavar later described that Disney \"\"looked like I had thrown a bucket of water in his face\"\" before denying the story. His reaction, combined with other research obtained during her Anaheim visit, led Bavar to author a story on October 21, 1965, where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18345815",
"chunk_text": "Disneyland\nDisneyland Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955. It is the only theme park designed and built to completion under the direct supervision of Walt Disney. It was originally the only attraction on the property; its official name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s. Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s. He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12917744",
"chunk_text": "\"Happiest Homecoming on Earth\"\nAguilera; and LeAnn Rimes singing the 50th anniversary theme song \"\"Remember When\"\", composed by Richard Marx. A video conference featured celebrities at the Magic Kingdom (the only live video conference, with Wayne Brady, actor and former Walt Disney World Resort cast member), Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland Paris and the construction site of Hong Kong Disneyland. Before the Ceremony, at a media presentation in Disney California Adventure Park, Disneyland Resort president Matt Ouimet announced the new attractions and Turtle Talk with Crush. The actual day of Disneyland's 50th Dedication Day/Press Preview was an event marked by fans' enthusiasm. The first person to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2356177",
"chunk_text": "\"Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts\"\nRail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Rail transport can be found in every theme park resort property owned or licensed by Walt Disney Parks, Experiences and Consumer Products, one of the four business segments of the Walt Disney Company. The origins of Disney theme park rail transport can be traced back to Walt Disney himself and his personal fondness for railroads, who insisted that they be included in the first Disney park, the original Disneyland (a key component of the Disneyland Resort) in California in the United States, which opened on July 17, 1955. The Disney tradition of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217211",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nmonths after the property opened. Admission prices in 1971 were $3.50 for adults, $2.50 for juniors under age 18, and one dollar for children under twelve. Much of Walt Disney's plans for his Progress City were abandoned after his death and after the company board decided that it did not want to be in the business of running a city. The concept evolved into the resort's second theme park, EPCOT Center, which opened in 1982 (renamed EPCOT in 1996). While still emulating Walt Disney's original idea of showcasing new technology, the park is closer to a world's fair than a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16451872",
"chunk_text": "\"Herbert Ryman\"\nHerbert Ryman Herbert Dickens Ryman (June 28, 1910 – February 10, 1989) was an artist and Disney Imagineer. Ryman worked in watercolor, oils, and pen & ink sketches. In 1953 Ryman drew the first illustrations of Walt Disney's vision of a theme park that eventually became Disneyland. Ryman was born in Vernon, Illinois, son of Dr. Herbert D. Ryman (1878-1918) and Cora Belle Ryman ( Norris, 1876-1963). His family moved to Decatur, IL when he was age 9. While attending Millikin University, he became deathly ill with scarlet fever. His mother was opposed to his artistic ambitions and wanted him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12944904",
"chunk_text": "\"Club Disney\"\nstage. Club Disney was the first to be launched, with birthday party reservations for its first location opening up on January 15, 1997. On February 21, 1997, its first location opened to the public at the Westlake Promenade in Thousand Oaks, California with Eisner present alongside Mickey Mouse and Goofy. A dozen protested outside over wages, 28 cents, paid to Haitian workers to make Pocahontas pajamas. 20 Ventura County sheriff's deputies were on hand as Disney expected tens of thousands to show up. While the lines were long to get in, the expected turn out did not materialize with 1,000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1267241",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Inside Out\"\nWalt Disney Imagineering. Then Scott interviews Daryl Sterner who plays the German Mechanic. Next Scott interviews Todd Warren who plays Indiana Jones. Finally Scott interviews the extras chosen for the show, or as Scott calls them \"\"The Pastel Peasants\"\". After those interviews, Scott tries something that he always wanted to do: Running from the huge ball in the temple set. Scott heads to Epcot '94 to talk about Innoventions. Scott doesn't know much about it but Bill Nye does because \"\"he's a science guy\"\". Then Bill Nye exclaims the products that became a part of our everyday lives and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2661498",
"chunk_text": "\"Roger E. Broggie\"\nRoger E. Broggie Roger Edward Broggie (October 22, 1908 – November 4, 1991) was an American mechanical engineer who worked with Walt Disney and the Walt Disney Company. He is considered the first Disney Imagineer. Broggie was born in 1908, in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. He graduated from Mooseheart Child City's high school in the western suburbs of Chicago, Illinois in 1927. With vocational machine shop training, he moved to Los Angeles, California where he worked for companies such as Technicolor and Bell and Howell. He worked at General Service Studios with film industry pioneers including David O. Selznick and Charlie Chaplin.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1267237",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Inside Out\"\nAll-Star Sports Resort. Scott ends the episode with one final tip: \"\"leave the furniture at home and please no naugahyde (fake leather)\"\" and jokes that \"\"you can lead a horse to water but you can't take it to the prom\"\". Special Guest: Nancy Kerrigan<br>Musical Guest: Sha-Shaty In a parody of The Balled of Davey Crockett, Scott is hunting for a bear. He begins his quest at the then-new Disney's Wilderness Lodge. And unlike other great frontiersmen like Davey Crockett, Jim Bowie, or in Scott's words \"\"David Bowie\"\", Scott is looking for \"\"a razor-clad, foaming at the mouth, hopefully vegetarian bear\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10722342",
"chunk_text": "\"Disneyland Railroad\"\nsteam trains of the DRR were the first of Disneyland's attractions to become operational. On July 17, 1955, Disneyland and the Disneyland Railroad opened, and the day began with Walt Disney driving the DRR's No. 2 locomotive and its passenger train into Main Street, U.S.A. Station with California Governor Goodwin J. Knight and AT&SF Railway President Fred G. Gurley riding in the locomotive's cab. They were greeted at the station's platform by the park opening ceremony's host Art Linkletter, actor Ronald Reagan, and several television camera crews broadcasting the festivities nationwide. After exiting the locomotive, Linkletter briefly interviewed Disney, Knight,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1267238",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Inside Out\"\nAfter finding his way out of there, Scott heads to the Pirates of the Caribbean at the Magic Kingdom to play a game. The game's rules are simple: memorize the ride's theme song \"\"(Yo Ho Yo Ho) A Pirate's Life For Me\"\". Scott then introduces the guests that are participating. The guests then go on the ride. After the guests get off the ride, Scott tells the participants to sing the theme song. First up were Stephanie King from Tarpon Springs, Florida and Jodi Berman from Seminole, Florida. Next up were Jeff and Kristi Palmer from Orlando, Florida. Then Julie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8421473",
"chunk_text": "\"Disney Dream\"\nJanuary 4, 2011. \"\"Disney Dream\"\" was christened on January 19, 2011, by Jennifer Hudson, who began her career as an entertainer on \"\"Disney Wonder\"\". \"\"Disney Dream\"\"s maiden voyage began on January 26, 2011, calling on Nassau, The Bahamas, and Disney's private island, Castaway Cay. \"\"Disney Dream\"\" is 40% larger than the two older ships in the Disney Cruise Line family, \"\"Disney Magic\"\" and \"\"Disney Wonder\"\", with a gross tonnage of , a length of and a width of . \"\"Disney Dream\"\" has 1,250 staterooms, carries 2,500 passengers (double occupancy) or a maximum of 4,000 passengers, and a crew of 1,458.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18581053",
"chunk_text": "\"Magic Kingdom\"\n2001, due to the terrorist attacks that day. In addition, there are four \"\"phases\"\" of park closure when Magic Kingdom exceeds capacity, ranging from restricted access for most guests (Phase 1) to full closure for everyone, even cast members (Phase 4). \"\"Magic Kingdom\"\" was often used as an unofficial nickname for Disneyland before Walt Disney World was built. The official tagline for Disneyland is \"\"The Happiest Place On Earth\"\", while the tagline for Magic Kingdom is \"\"The Most Magical Place On Earth\"\". Up until the early 1990s, Magic Kingdom was officially known as Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom, and was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217197",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World\"\nWalt Disney World The Walt Disney World Resort, also called Walt Disney World and Disney World, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, in the United States, near the cities Orlando and Kissimmee. Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks, Experiences and Consumer Products, a division of The Walt Disney Company. It was first operated by Walt Disney World Company. The property covers nearly and only half of it has been used, comprises four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-seven themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11807566",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress\"\nto the unloading area, which looks identical to the loading area. As guests ride into the theater, a pop-style version of the theme is sung as a duet. After the song, guests are thanked for seeing the show and told to collect their belongings before exiting. In the late 1950s, after Disneyland Park's initial success, Walt Disney planned to expand the Main Street, U.S.A. area with two districts: \"\"International Street\"\" and \"\"Edison Square\"\". In Edison Square, guests would be treated to a show hosted by an \"\"electro-mechanical\"\" man named \"\"Wilbur K. Watt\"\". The show would chronicle the evolution of electricity",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5209193",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Monorail System\"\nFloridian Resort stop, Kevin Miles replaced Jack Wagner as the voiceover. Wagner can still be heard today as the \"\"Please stand clear of the doors ...\"\" phrase remains with his voice, partly because it is installed on a separate system. Miles worked in Epcot as part of the 'Voices of Liberty' in the American Adventure pavilion at World Showcase. Sometime before 1998, Disney employee Matt Hanson replaced Kevin Miles, and in 2004 Hanson was replaced by Joe Hursh. Hanson is still with the Walt Disney Company. During the system's early years, the trains featured Wagner's narration of the sights and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12968665",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Marathon\"\nin 1995. That same year, the men's current course record was set by Leonid Shvetsov, of Russia, at 2:11:50. While in 1996, electronic timing was first used to produce race results. With the 1998 fifth anniversary of the WDW Marathon having a theme of “Herculean Entertainment”, the inaugural Donald Half Marathon is held on the same day until 2005. A corporate relay option was also added to the marathon. The course was again redesigned in 1999 to included the newly opened Disney’s Animal Kingdom theme park. In 2003, the first local resident, Bea Marie Alitieri of Clermont, won the 10th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9877748",
"chunk_text": "\"The Walt Disney Company\"\n\"\"Mickey Mouse Club\"\". In 1980, Disney launched Walt Disney Home Video to take advantage of the newly emerging videocassette market. On April 18, 1983, The Disney Channel debuted as a subscription-level channel on cable systems nationwide, featuring its large library of classic films and TV series, along with original programming and family-friendly third-party offerings. Walt Disney World received much of the company's attention through the 1970s and into the 1980s. In 1978, Disney executives announced plans for the second Walt Disney World theme park, EPCOT Center, which would open in October 1982. Inspired by Walt Disney's dream of a futuristic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1267236",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney World Inside Out\"\nto buy. After reviewing that there are 3 theme parks, 2 water parks, sun, fun and 108 different ways to get wet, Scott and the viewers take a look at what's coming up in the months ahead at Walt Disney World or as Scott calls it his \"\"rootin' tootin' High flootin' Top secret tips\"\". On June 1 Mickey Mania premieres. On July 1, Epcot '94's Innoventions opens its doors. Also from July through August, Epcot '94 puts on a big band salute to Duke Ellington. And there will be two then-new Disney resorts opening up: Disney's Wilderness Lodge and Disney's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10595721",
"chunk_text": "\"Walt Disney\"\nknown as \"\"Imagineers\"\". After obtaining bank funding he invited other stockholders, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatrespart of American Broadcasting Company (ABC)and Western Printing and Lithographing Company. In mid-1954, Disney sent his Imagineers to every amusement park in the U.S. to analyze what worked and what pitfalls or problems there were in the various locations and incorporated their findings into his design. Construction work started in July 1954, and Disneyland opened in July 1955; the opening ceremony was broadcast on ABC, which reached 70 million viewers. The park was designed as a series of themed lands, linked by the central Main Street, U.S.A.a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16088293",
"chunk_text": "\"Happiest Homecoming on Earth\"\nenter the park that day was Madison Steigerwald, a 16-year-old girl from Old Greenwich, CT. She and her grandmother, Mary Madison, began to line up at 3 p.m. the day before. Due to the thousands of fans that continued to line up through the night, Disney California Adventure Park was opened and housed everyone until the next morning. A second line formed outside the security checkpoints as thousands more arrived in the final hours before the park opened. Disneyland Park opened at 7:00 a.m., although it took several hours to admit the crowds that showed up that morning. In 2004,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_492
|
who signed the largest on the declaration of independence?
|
n/a
|
[
"John Hancock"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5631493",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nAccording to Ritz, about thirty-four delegates signed the Declaration on July 4, and the others signed on or after August 2. Historians who reject a July 4 signing maintain that most delegates signed on August 2, and that those eventual signers who were not present added their names later. Two future U.S. presidents were among the signatories: Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. The most famous signature on the engrossed copy is that of John Hancock, who presumably signed first as President of Congress. Hancock's large, flamboyant signature became iconic, and the term \"\"John Hancock\"\" emerged in the United States as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1521119",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\ndelegation before the August 2 signing. Rogers had voted for the resolution of independence but was no longer a delegate on August 2. Alsop favored reconciliation with Great Britain and so resigned rather than add his name to the document. Dickinson refused to sign, believing the Declaration premature, but he remained in Congress. George Read had voted against the resolution of independence, and Robert Morris had abstained—yet they both signed the Declaration. The most famous signature on the engrossed copy is that of John Hancock, who presumably signed first as President of Congress. Hancock's large, flamboyant signature became iconic, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19557590",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\n\"\"John Hancock\"\" emerged in the United States as an informal synonym for \"\"signature\"\". Future presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams were among the signatories. Edward Rutledge (age 26) was the youngest signer and Benjamin Franklin (age 70) the oldest. Some delegates were away on business when the Declaration was debated, including William Hooper and Samuel Chase, but they were back in Congress to sign on August 2. Other delegates were present when the Declaration was debated but added their names after August 2, including Lewis Morris, Oliver Wolcott, Thomas McKean, and possibly Elbridge Gerry. Richard Henry Lee and George Wythe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3104816",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nEmpire. The signers’ names are grouped by state, with the exception of President of the Continental Congress John Hancock; the states are arranged geographically from north to south. The final draft of the Declaration was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, although the date of its signing has long been disputed. Most historians have concluded that it was signed on August 2, 1776, nearly a month after its adoption, and not on July 4 as is commonly believed. The Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, with 12 of the 13 colonies voting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3104817",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nin favor and New York abstaining. The date that the Declaration was signed has long been the subject of debate. Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams all wrote that it was signed by Congress on the day when it was adopted on July 4, 1776. That assertion is seemingly confirmed by the signed copy of the Declaration, which is dated July 4. Additional support for the July 4 date is provided by the \"\"Journals of Congress\"\", the official public record of the Continental Congress. The proceedings for 1776 were first published in 1777, and the entry for July 4",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20085129",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nNew Hampshire Massachusetts Bay Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Connecticut New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Eight delegates never signed the Declaration, out of about 50 who are thought to have been present in Congress during the voting on independence in early July 1776: John Alsop, George Clinton, John Dickinson, Charles Humphreys, Robert R. Livingston, John Rogers, Thomas Willing, and Henry Wisner. Clinton, Livingston, and Wisner were attending to duties away from Congress when the signing took place. Willing and Humphreys voted against the resolution of independence and were replaced in the Pennsylvania",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16718177",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nSigning of the United States Declaration of Independence The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence occurred primarily on August 2, 1776 at the Pennsylvania State House, Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The 56 delegates to the Second Continental Congress represented the 13 former colonies which had declared themselves the \"\"United States of America,\"\" and they endorsed the Declaration of Independence which the Congress had approved on July 4, 1776. The Declaration proclaimed that the former Thirteen Colonies then at war with Great Britain were now a sovereign, independent nation and thus no longer a part of the British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1521122",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nplaced his signature at the end of the document. The first published version of the Declaration was the Dunlap broadside. The only names on that version were Congress President John Hancock and Secretary Charles Thomson, and those names were printed rather than signatures. The public did not learn who had signed the engrossed copy until January 18, 1777, when the Congress ordered that an \"\"authenticated copy\"\" be sent to each of the 13 states, including the names of the signers. This copy is called the Goddard Broadside; it was the first to list all the signers except for Thomas McKean,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17154680",
"chunk_text": "\"Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nversion\"\" of the Declaration. Dunlap's broadsides were distributed throughout the thirteen states. Upon receiving these broadsides, many states issued their own broadside editions. The Dunlap broadsides were the first published copies of the Declaration of Independence, printed on the night of July 4, 1776. It is unknown exactly how many broadsides were originally printed, but the number is estimated at about 200. John Hancock's eventually famous signature was not on this document, but his name appeared in large type under \"\"Signed by Order and in Behalf of the Congress\"\", with secretary Charles Thomson listed as a witness (\"\"Attest\"\"). On July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3104820",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nceremony took place on July 4, yet most historians have accepted the argument which David McCullough articulates in his biography of John Adams: \"\"No such scene, with all the delegates present, ever occurred at Philadelphia.\"\" Legal historian Wilfred Ritz concluded in 1986 that about 34 delegates signed the Declaration on July 4, and that the others signed on or after August 2. Ritz argues that the engrossed copy of the Declaration was signed by Congress on July 4, as Jefferson, Adams, and Franklin had stated, and that it was implausible that all three men had been mistaken. He believes that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14312700",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nthe Declaration had been signed on July 4, pointing out that some signers were not then present, including several who were not even elected to Congress until after that date. The Declaration was transposed on paper, adopted by the Continental Congress, and signed by John Hancock, President of the Congress, on July 4, 1776, according to the 1911 record of events by the U.S. State Department under Secretary Philander C. Knox. On August 2, 1776, a parchment paper copy of the Declaration was signed by 56 persons. Many of these signers were not present when the original Declaration was adopted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13524434",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\n\"\"and women\"\" are created equal\"\" and the convention demanded suffrage for women. The suffrage movement was supported by William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass. The Declaration was chosen to be the first digitized text (1971). The Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence was dedicated in 1984 in Constitution Gardens on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., where the signatures of all the original signers are carved in stone with their names, places of residence, and occupations. The new One World Trade Center building in New York City (2014) is 1776 feet high to symbolize the year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12895047",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nJefferson's hand. Jefferson's original draft is preserved at the Library of Congress, complete with changes made by John Adams and Benjamin Franklin, as well as Jefferson's notes of changes made by Congress. The best-known version of the Declaration is a signed copy that is displayed at the National Archives in Washington, D.C., and which is popularly regarded as the official document. This engrossed copy was ordered by Congress on July 19 and signed primarily on August 2. The sources and interpretation of the Declaration have been the subject of much scholarly inquiry. The Declaration justified the independence of the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3104826",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nwere in Virginia during July and August, but returned to Congress and signed the Declaration probably in September and October, respectively. New delegates joining the Congress were also allowed to sign. Eight men signed the Declaration who did not take seats in Congress until after July 4: Matthew Thornton, William Williams, Benjamin Rush, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, George Ross, and Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Matthew Thornton did not take a seat in Congress until November. By the time that he signed it, there wasn't any space for his name next to the other New Hampshire delegates, so he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1502232",
"chunk_text": "\"William Floyd\"\nWilliam Floyd William Floyd (December 17, 1734 – August 4, 1821) was an American politician from New York, and a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence. Floyd was born in Brookhaven, Province of New York on Long Island, into a family of English and Welsh origins, and took over the family farm when his father Nicholl Floyd died. The William Floyd Estate consists of the home, grounds and a cemetery of the Floyd family. Over the course of 200 years, eight generations of Floyds have managed the 25-room mansion and 613-acre property. Prior to the 20th century, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1521124",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nall hang separately.\"\" The quotation did not appear in print until more than 50 years after Franklin's death. Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence occurred primarily on August 2, 1776 at the Pennsylvania State House, Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The 56 delegates to the Second Continental Congress represented the 13 former colonies which had declared themselves the \"\"United States of America,\"\" and they endorsed the Declaration of Independence which the Congress had approved on July 4, 1776. The Declaration proclaimed that the former Thirteen Colonies then at war",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17426966",
"chunk_text": "\"Roger Sherman\"\nRoger Sherman Roger Sherman (April 19, 1721 – July 23, 1793) was an early American statesman and lawyer, as well as a Founding Father of the United States. He is the only person to have signed all four great state papers of the United States: the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution. Born in Newton, Massachusetts, Sherman established a legal career in Litchfield County, Connecticut despite a lack of formal education. After a period in the Connecticut House of Representatives, he served as a Justice of the Superior Court of Connecticut from 1766",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10783083",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Constitution\"\nof the Convention's sessions and the signatures. George Washington, as president of the Convention, signed first, followed by the other delegates, grouped by states in progression from north to south. Washington, however, signed near the right margin of the page, and when the delegates ran out of space they began a second column of signatures to the left. Jonathan Dayton, aged 26, was the youngest to sign the Constitution, while Benjamin Franklin, aged 81, was the oldest. Franklin was also the first signer to die, in April 1790, while James Madison was the last, dying in June 1836. Virtually every",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9172882",
"chunk_text": "\"John Hancock\"\nJohn Hancock John Hancock (October 8, 1793) was an American merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that the term \"\"John Hancock\"\" has become a synonym in the United States for one's signature. Before the American Revolution, Hancock was one of the wealthiest men in the Thirteen Colonies, having inherited a profitable mercantile business from his uncle. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20779105",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nwho may not have signed the Declaration until after the Goddard Broadside was published. Congress Secretary Charles Thomson did not sign the engrossed copy of the Declaration, and his name doesn't appear on the Goddard Broadside, even though it does appear on the Dunlap broadside. Various legends emerged years later concerning the signing of the Declaration, when the document had become an important national symbol. In one famous story, John Hancock supposedly said that Congress, having signed the Declaration, must now \"\"all hang together\"\", and Benjamin Franklin replied: \"\"Yes, we must indeed all hang together, or most assuredly we shall",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10783084",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Constitution\"\nsigner had taken part in the Revolution; at least 29 had served in the Continental forces, most of them in positions of command. All but seven were native to the thirteen colonies: Pierce Butler, Thomas Fitzsimons, James McHenry, and William Paterson were born in Ireland, Robert Morris in England, James Wilson in Scotland, and Alexander Hamilton in the West Indies. When the Constitutional Convention adjourned on September 17, 1787 William Jackson was ordered to carry the Constitution to Congress in New York City. He also carried two letters with him. One was a resolution, adopted by the delegates, that the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9172920",
"chunk_text": "\"John Hancock\"\ncompelled to flee six months later when the British occupied Philadelphia. Hancock wrote innumerable letters to colonial officials, raising money, supplies, and troops for Washington's army. He chaired the Marine Committee, and took pride in helping to create a small fleet of American frigates, including the USS \"\"Hancock\"\", which was named in his honor. Hancock was president of Congress when the Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed. He is primarily remembered by Americans for his large, flamboyant signature on the Declaration, so much so that \"\"John Hancock\"\" became, in the United States, an informal synonym for \"\"signature\"\". According to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5621645",
"chunk_text": "\"Declaration of Independence (Trumbull)\"\nthe signing of the Declaration of Independence. The painting shows the five-man drafting committee presenting their draft of the Declaration to the Congress, an event that took place on June 28, 1776, and not the signing of the document, which took place later. The painting shows 42 of the 56 signers of the Declaration; Trumbull originally intended to include all 56 signers but was unable to obtain likenesses for all of them. He also depicted several participants in the debate who did not sign the document, including John Dickinson, who declined to sign. Trumbull had no portrait of Benjamin Harrison",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5631495",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nmost assuredly we shall all hang separately.\"\" The quotation did not appear in print until more than fifty years after Franklin's death. The Syng inkstand used at the signing was also used at the signing of the United States Constitution in 1787. After Congress approved the final wording of the Declaration on July 4, a handwritten copy was sent a few blocks away to the printing shop of John Dunlap. Through the night, Dunlap printed about 200 broadsides for distribution. Before long, it was being read to audiences and reprinted in newspapers throughout the 13 states. The first formal public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1163153",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nprovide historical and legal clarity about the Constitution and other laws. The Declaration became official when Congress voted for it on July 4; signatures of the delegates were not needed to make it official. The handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence that was signed by Congress is dated July 4, 1776. The signatures of fifty-six delegates are affixed; however, the exact date when each person signed it has long been the subject of debate. Jefferson, Franklin, and Adams all wrote that the Declaration had been signed by Congress on July 4. But in 1796, signer Thomas McKean disputed that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1163127",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nNew Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The Lee Resolution for independence was passed on July 2 with no opposing votes. The Committee of Five had drafted the Declaration to be ready when Congress voted on independence. John Adams, a leader in pushing for independence, had persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document, which Congress edited to produce the final version. The Declaration was a formal explanation of why Congress had voted to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13818195",
"chunk_text": "\"Collin McKinney\"\nCollin McKinney Collin McKinney (April 17, 1766 – September 9, 1861) was a land surveyor, merchant, politician, and lay preacher. He is best known as an important figure in the Texas Revolution, as one of the five individuals who drafted the Texas Declaration of Independence and the oldest person to sign it. McKinney was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, the second of 10 children born to Daniel and Mercy (Blatchley) McKinney. The family moved to Virginia in the 1770s, and while Daniel fought in the American Revolutionary War, Collin McKinney supported the family; thus, he had no formal schooling.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1502229",
"chunk_text": "\"William Ellery\"\nin 1776, and Ellery replaced him in the Continental Congress. He became a signer of the Articles of Confederation and one of the 56 signers of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The size of his signature on the Declaration is second only to John Hancock's famous signature. Ellery also served as a judge on the Supreme Court of Rhode Island, and he had become an abolitionist by 1785. He was the first customs collector of the port of Newport under the Constitution, serving there until his death, and he worshipped at the Second Congregational Church of Newport. Ellery died",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6271142",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nindependence until after Congress had made its decision. Political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence even while a document was being written to explain the decision. On June 11, 1776, Congress appointed a \"\"Committee of Five\"\" to draft a declaration, consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert R. Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut. The committee took no minutes, so there is some uncertainty about how the drafting process proceeded; contradictory accounts were written many years later by Jefferson and Adams, too many years",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14312660",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nUnited States Declaration of Independence The United States Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 4, 1776. The Declaration announced that the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain would regard themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule. With the Declaration, these new states took a collective first step toward forming the United States of America. The declaration was signed by representatives from New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5631492",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\non July 4. Signer Matthew Thornton from New Hampshire was seated in the Continental Congress in November; he asked for and received the privilege of adding his signature at that time, and signed on November 4, 1776. Historians have generally accepted McKean's version of events, arguing that the famous signed version of the Declaration was created after July 19, and was not signed by Congress until August 2, 1776. In 1986, legal historian Wilfred Ritz argued that historians had misunderstood the primary documents and given too much credence to McKean, who had not been present in Congress on July 4.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18579458",
"chunk_text": "\"William Hooper\"\nWilliam Hooper William Hooper (June 28, 1742 – October 14, 1790) was an American lawyer, politician, and a member of the Continental Congress representing North Carolina from 1774 through 1777. Hooper was also a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, along with fellow North Carolinians Joseph Hewes and John Penn. Hooper was the first child of five, born in Boston, Massachusetts, on June 28, 1742. His father, William Hooper, was a Scottish minister who studied at the University of Edinburgh prior to immigrating to Boston, and his mother, Mary Dennie, was the daughter of John Dennie, a well-respected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12154544",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nofficial texts, as well. The Declaration was first published as a broadside that was printed the night of July 4 by John Dunlap of Philadelphia. Dunlap printed about 200 broadsides, of which 26 are known to survive. The 26th copy was discovered in The National Archives in England in 2009. In 1777, Congress commissioned Mary Katherine Goddard to print that listed the signers of the Declaration, unlike the Dunlap broadside. Nine copies of the Goddard broadside are known to still exist. A variety of broadsides printed by the states are also extant. Several early handwritten copies and drafts of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1502226",
"chunk_text": "\"Carter Braxton\"\nWaterman Steamship Company owned a break bulk freighter, the S.S. Carter Braxton, which was named in his honor. The Newington Archaeological Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. Carter Braxton Carter Braxton (September 10, 1736October 10, 1797) was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, as well as a merchant, planter, and Virginia politician. A grandson of Robert “King” Carter, one of the wealthiest and most powerful landowners and slaveholders in the Old Dominion, Carter Braxton was active in Virginia's legislature for more than 25 years, generally allied with Landon Carter, Benjamin Harrison,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6696018",
"chunk_text": "\"Roger Sherman\"\nArchibald Cox served as a U.S. Solicitor General and special prosecutor during President Richard Nixon's Watergate scandal; he was the great-grandson of William M. Evarts. Roger Sherman Roger Sherman (April 19, 1721 – July 23, 1793) was an early American statesman and lawyer, as well as a Founding Father of the United States. He is the only person to have signed all four great state papers of the United States: the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution. Born in Newton, Massachusetts, Sherman established a legal career in Litchfield County, Connecticut despite a lack",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13408090",
"chunk_text": "\"Independence Day (United States)\"\nJuly 4, even though Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Benjamin Franklin all later wrote that they had signed it on that day. Most historians have concluded that the Declaration was signed nearly a month after its adoption, on August 2, 1776, and not on July 4 as is commonly believed. Coincidentally, both John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the only signers of the Declaration of Independence later to serve as Presidents of the United States, died on the same day: July 4, 1826, which was the 50th anniversary of the Declaration. Although not a signer of the Declaration of Independence, James",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3104819",
"chunk_text": "\"Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\ntheir convention to agree to the Declaration. The \"\"Secret Journals\"\" entry for July 19 reads: The entry for August 2 states: In 1884, historian Mellen Chamberlain argued that these entries indicated that the famous signed version of the Declaration had been created following the July 19 resolution, and had not been signed by Congress until August 2. Subsequent research has confirmed that many of the signers had not been present in Congress on July 4, and that some delegates may have added their signatures even after August 2. Neither Jefferson nor Adams ever wavered from their belief that the signing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1502281",
"chunk_text": "\"Oliver Wolcott\"\nOliver Wolcott Oliver Wolcott Sr. (November 20, 1726December 1, 1797) was an American politician. He was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence and also of the Articles of Confederation as a representative of Connecticut and the nineteenth Governor of Connecticut. He was a major general for the Connecticut Militia in the Revolutionary War serving under George Washington. Wolcott was born in Windsor, Connecticut, the youngest of 14 children born to colonial governor Roger Wolcott and Sarah Drake Wolcott. He attended Yale College, graduating in 1747 as the top scholar in his class. Upon graduation, New York governor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5631494",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Declaration of Independence\"\nan informal synonym for \"\"signature\"\". A commonly circulated but apocryphal account claims that, after Hancock signed, the delegate from Massachusetts commented, \"\"The British ministry can read that name without spectacles.\"\" Another apocryphal report indicates that Hancock proudly declared, \"\"There! I guess King George will be able to read that!\"\" Various legends emerged years later about the signing of the Declaration, when the document had become an important national symbol. In one famous story, John Hancock supposedly said that Congress, having signed the Declaration, must now \"\"all hang together\"\", and Benjamin Franklin replied: \"\"Yes, we must indeed all hang together, or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "792937",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Virginia on stamps\"\npicture frame effect\"\". Thomas Jefferson, principal author of the Declaration of Independence, was honored with a 5-cent stamp at the onset of the American Civil War. The stamp was used in combinations for postage to France and other foreign destinations. The National Bank Note company printed approximately 175,000 of this Classic Period stamp in several shades. The signing of the Declaration of Independence was commemorated with a 24-cent stamp in 1869. The stamp reproduces John Trumbull's painting in the U.S. Capitol rotunda, in an image 1/300th the size of the original. The National Bank Note Company printed 235,350 stamps of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6695883",
"chunk_text": "\"John Witherspoon\"\nJohn Witherspoon John Knox Witherspoon (February 5, 1723 – November 15, 1794) was a Scottish-American Presbyterian minister and a Founding Father of the United States. Witherspoon embraced the concepts of Scottish common sense realism, and while president of the College of New Jersey (1768–1794; now Princeton University), became an influential figure in the development of the United States' national character. Politically active, Witherspoon was a delegate from New Jersey to the Second Continental Congress and a signatory to the July 4, 1776, Declaration of Independence. He was the only active clergyman and the only college president to sign the Declaration.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3541278",
"chunk_text": "\"Declaration of Independence (Trumbull)\"\nTrumbull's painting. Cut out from the scene are: the farthest four figures on the left—George Wythe, William Whipple, Josiah Bartlett, and Thomas Lynch, Jr.; the farthest two figures on the right—Thomas McKean and Philip Livingston; and one of three figures seated in the left rear—George Walton. Additionally, two unrecognized figures were added: one in between Samuel Chase and Lewis Morris and another between James Wilson and Francis Hopkinson, bringing the total number of figures shown in this presentation scene to 42. Trumbull painted a smaller version (only ) entitled \"\"The Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776\"\" (1786–1820) that is now",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3024608",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Stone\"\nThomas Stone Thomas Stone (1743 – October 5, 1787) was an American planter and lawyer who signed the United States Declaration of Independence as a delegate for Maryland. He later worked on the committee that formed the Articles of Confederation in 1777. He acted as President of Congress for a short time in 1784. Stone was born into a prominent family at \"\"Poynton Manor\"\" in Charles County, Maryland. He was the second son in the large family of David (1709–1773) and Elizabeth Jenifer Stone. His brothers Michael J. Stone and John Hoskins Stone also had important political careers. His uncle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12405103",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitutional right\"\nStates) which took place at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia, now the Independence Hall. The oldest person signing the Constitution was Benjamin Franklin, one of the founding fathers, being 81 years old at the time and requesting assistance during the process, whereas the youngest one was Jonathan Dayton from New Jersey, being only 26 years old. James Madison and George Washington were the only two signers that later became Presidents of the United States. Perhaps the first fascinating fact about the U.S. Constitution is its length, containing only 4.400 words and thus being the shortest and oldest written Constitution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6695956",
"chunk_text": "\"Philip Livingston\"\nPhilip Livingston Philip Livingston (January 15, 1716 - June 12, 1778) was an American merchant and statesman from New York City. He was a delegate for New York to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and signed the Declaration of Independence. Philip Livingston born in Albany, New York, on January 15, 1716 the fourth surviving son of Philip Livingston (1686–1749), 2nd Lord of the Manor and Catherine Van Brugh Livingston, the daughter of Albany, New York, Mayor Pieter Van Brugh. Along with his brother, William Livingston (1723–1790), he grew up in the Albany area, dividing his time between his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17154682",
"chunk_text": "\"Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence\"\nthe Liberties: America and the World\"\". \"\"It is romantic to think that Benjamin Franklin, the greatest printer of his day, was there in Dunlap's shop to supervise, and that Jefferson, the nervous author, was also close at hand.\"\" John Adams later wrote that, \"\"We were all in haste.\"\" The Dunlap broadsides were sent across the new United States over the next two days, including to Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, George Washington, who directed that the Declaration be read to the troops on July 9. Another copy was sent to England. In 1949, 14 copies of the Dunlap broadside were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6391821",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert R. Livingston (chancellor)\"\nRobert R. Livingston (chancellor) Robert Robert Livingston (November 27, 1746 (Old Style November 16) – February 26, 1813) was an American lawyer, politician, diplomat from New York, and a Founding Father of the United States. He was known as \"\"The Chancellor\"\", after the high New York state legal office he held for 25 years. He was a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence, along with Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Roger Sherman. Livingston administered the Oath of Office to George Washington when he assumed the presidency in 1789. Livingston was the eldest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15038121",
"chunk_text": "\"John Hancock\"\nin 1862; it had no connection to Hancock's own business ventures. The financial company passed on the name to the John Hancock Tower in Boston, the John Hancock Center in Chicago, as well as the John Hancock Student Village at Boston University. John Hancock John Hancock (October 8, 1793) was an American merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11516688",
"chunk_text": "\"Independence National Historical Park\"\nnews that Parliament passed the Prohibitory Act, which established a blockade of American ports and declared American ships to be enemy vessels. Although the measure amounted to a virtual declaration of war by the British, Congress did not have immediate authority to declare independence until each individual colony authorized its delegates to vote for independence. On June 11, Congress appointed the \"\"Committee of Five,\"\" consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert R. Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut, to draft an official declaration of independence. Congress unanimously adopted its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7994946",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Dana\"\nFrancis Dana Francis Dana (June 13, 1743 – April 25, 1811) was an American lawyer, jurist, and statesman from Massachusetts. He served as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1777–1778 and 1784. He signed the Articles of Confederation. His wife Elizabeth was a daughter of Ann Remington and William Ellery, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. He was also the father-in-law of Washington Allston, a noted painter and poet. Francis was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, the son of lawyer Richard Dana. He was educated at Harvard where he graduated in 1762, then read law and was admitted to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_493
|
when was the r10+20 summit in rio de janeiro held?
|
n/a
|
[
"June 2012",
"13 to 22 June 2012"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3240016",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summit\"\nEarth Summit The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, the Rio Summit, the Rio Conference, and the Earth Summit (Portuguese: ECO92), was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. More than 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil...Earth Summit was created as a response for Member States to cooperate together internationally on development issues after the Cold War. Due to conflict relating to sustainability being too big for individual member states to handle, Earth Summit was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3240021",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summit\"\nWater Quality Assessments, published by WHO/Chapman & Hall, was launched at the Rio Global Forum. Earth Summit The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, the Rio Summit, the Rio Conference, and the Earth Summit (Portuguese: ECO92), was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. More than 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil...Earth Summit was created as a response for Member States to cooperate together internationally on development issues after the Cold War. Due to conflict",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8591051",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summits\"\nJaneiro (Brazil) in 1992 and the fourth in Johannesburg (South Africa) in 2002. Last Earth Summit, called Rio+20, also took place in Rio de Janeiro in 2012. Evidence of the development of a global culture of respect for the environment, the Earth Summits are symbolically very important as - together with the United Nations ObservancesCalendar - they aim to demonstrate the collective capacity to manage, address and bring attention to humanities most pressing challenges, global problems and affirm the need to respect ecological constraints. The 1972 summit gave birth to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), while the 1992 Summit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17058203",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summit 2002\"\nagenda for a Summit. the non-papers produced in 1998 and 1999 ensured that when the UN Commission met in 2000 it could agree to host another Summit in 2002. Earth Summit 2002 The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), or the ONG Earth Summit 2002, took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September 2002. It was convened to discuss sustainable development by the United Nations. WSSD gathered a number of leaders from business and non-governmental organizations, 10 years after the first Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. (It was therefore also informally nicknamed \"\"Rio+10\"\".) The Johannesburg",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4492501",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summit 2002\"\nEarth Summit 2002 The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), or the ONG Earth Summit 2002, took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September 2002. It was convened to discuss sustainable development by the United Nations. WSSD gathered a number of leaders from business and non-governmental organizations, 10 years after the first Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. (It was therefore also informally nicknamed \"\"Rio+10\"\".) The Johannesburg Declaration was the main outcome of the Summit; however, there were several other international agreements. It laid out the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation as an action plan. Johannesburg, 27",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14099611",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nUnited Nations Conference on Sustainable Development The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also known as Rio 2012, Rio+20 (), or Earth Summit 2012 was the third international conference on sustainable development aimed at reconciling the economic and environmental goals of the global community. Hosted by Brazil in Rio de Janeiro from 13 to 22 June 2012, Rio+20 was a 20-year follow-up to the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in the same city, and the 10th anniversary of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg. The ten-day mega-summit, which culminated in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11475092",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nworld. Despite the huge response, the platform was taken down two years later due to technical and economic constraints but has since remained as a positive legacy through the activities of students who were first recognized by the network. United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also known as Rio 2012, Rio+20 (), or Earth Summit 2012 was the third international conference on sustainable development aimed at reconciling the economic and environmental goals of the global community. Hosted by Brazil in Rio de Janeiro from 13 to 22 June 2012, Rio+20 was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11475079",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nUnited Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), commonly referred to as the Rio Conference or Earth Summit, succeeded in raising public awareness of the need to integrate environment and development. The conference drew 109 heads of state to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to address what were dubbed urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development. The Earth Summit influenced subsequent UN conferences, including Rio+20 and set the global green agenda. \"\"The World Conference on Human Rights, for example, focused on the right of people to a healthy environment and the right to development; controversial demands that had met with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3240017",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summit\"\nheld as a platform for other Member States to collaborate. Since the creation, many others in the field of sustainability show a similar development to the issues discussed in these conferences, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In 2012, the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development was also held in Rio, and is also commonly called Rio+20 or Rio Earth Summit 2012. It was held from 13 to 22 June. The issues addressed included: An important achievement of the summit was an agreement on the Climate Change Convention which in turn led to the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. Another agreement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1606736",
"chunk_text": "\"Climate justice\"\nan unequal share of disaster relief and recovery assistance. In 2000, at the same time as the Sixth Conference of the Parties (COP 6), the first Climate Justice Summit took place in The Hague. This summit aimed to \"\"affirm that climate change is a rights issue\"\" and to \"\"build alliances across states and borders\"\" against climate change and in favor of sustainable development. Subsequently, in August–September 2002, international environmental groups met in Johannesburg for the Earth Summit. At this summit, also known as Rio+10, as it took place ten years after the 1992 Earth Summit, the Bali Principles of Climate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14099616",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nheads of state and government, from 192 countries, and the more than 45,000 individuals gathered in Rio de Janeiro—the 10-day mega-conference was intended to be a high-level international gathering organized to re-direct and renew global political commitment to the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social improvement and environmental protection; focusing on reducing poverty while promoting jobs growth, clean energy and more fair, sustainable uses of resources; goals first established at Earth Summit in 1992. The conference centered around Agenda 21, the outcome document from Earth Summit 1992. That document was considered revolutionary in that it essentially created the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8254671",
"chunk_text": "\"Rio Protocol\"\nRio de Janeiro, Brazil, the United States encouraged a settlement between the two countries. On January 29, 1942, on the final day of the third Pan-American Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro, the foreign ministers of Ecuador and Peru, Julio Tobar Donoso and Alfredo Solf y Muro, signed a \"\"Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Boundaries\"\", known as the Rio de Janeiro Protocol. The observers from the United States, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile co-signed the document, becoming \"\"Guarantors of the Protocol\"\". The Rio Protocol was subsequently ratified by each country's congress on February 26, 1942. By the terms of the Protocol,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11241097",
"chunk_text": "\"Izabella Teixeira\"\nstopped and that compromise may be required among the various nations in order to achieve actions. She also spoke at the 2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Cancún, Mexico. At home in Brazil, she successfully hosted the Rio+20 (UN Conference on Sustainable Development) and the 2012 World Environment Day. On 24 September 2012, Teixeira was appointed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to serve on the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda. Teixeira is devoted to reversing the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest, and achieved an 84 percent reduction in deforestation from 2004 to 2012, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5719200",
"chunk_text": "\"Agriculture and Rural Development Day\"\nThe third event took place as a side event at the 2011 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP15) in Durban, South Africa. The fourth event took place at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD)—also called Rio 2012, Rio+20, or the Earth Summit 2012—in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was co-hosted by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and the CGIAR. The fifth and final ARDD, called Agriculture, Landscapes, and Livelihoods Day 5(ALL-5), took place alongside Forest Day on the sidelines of the 2012 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP18) in Doha, Qatar. In 2013, this event merged with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4214906",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice Strong\"\nrole in leading the U.N.’s famine relief program in Africa was his first in a series of U.N. advisory assignments, including reform and his appointment as Secretary General of the U.N. Conference on Environment and Development, best known as the Earth Summit, and held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3rd to June 14th, 1992. According to Strong, participants at the Rio Conference adopted sound principles but did not make a commitment to action sufficient to prevent global environmental tragedy, committing to spend less than 5% of the $125 billion he felt appropriate for environmental projects in developing nations. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7432476",
"chunk_text": "\"Post-2015 Development Agenda\"\nMoreover, the website hosts a complementary global survey, which asks people to submit their six priorities for a better world. In February 2014, the UN Special Envoy for Youth and the President of the General Assembly launched the Global Partnership for Youth in the Post-2015 Development Agenda, with a Crowdsourcing platform to consolidate concrete language for youth priorities in the post-2015 goals. At the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20), held in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012, 192 UN member states agreed to establish an intergovernmental working group to design Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a successor of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "819637",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit\"\n2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit \"\"\"\" The 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit, was the thirteenth meeting of Group of Twenty (G20), which was held on 30 November and 1 December 2018 in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was the first G20 summit to be hosted in South America. President Mauricio Macri of Argentina assumed the one-year G20 presidency on 30 November 2017, during an official ceremony at the Kirchner Cultural Centre in Buenos Aires. President Xi Jinping of China (2016 host), Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany (2017 host), and Prime Minister Shinzō Abe of Japan (2019 host) all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17889061",
"chunk_text": "\"World Resources Forum\"\nof resources do hinder economic development and therefore pose risks for global stability. The meeting report was published in 2012. More than 400 participants from over 40 countries and international organisations attended the World Resources Forum 2011 in Davos, Switzerland, from 19–21 September 2011. The results from the conference were documented in a meeting report and were submitted to the Rio+20 Earth Summit's compilation document, as well as other stakeholders, such as the International Monetary Fund. The Swiss government adopted the recommendations and integrated these in their statements in Rio. Topics discussed at the conference included the Security of Supply;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11475080",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nresistance from some Member States until the Earth Summit.\"\" Major outcomes of the conference include the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) —a climate-change agreement that led to the Kyoto Protocol, Agenda 21, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). It also created new international institutions, among them the Commission on Sustainable Development, tasked with the follow-up to the Rio Conference and led to the reform of the Global Environment Facility. Ten years later, Earth Summit 2002 informally nicknamed Rio+10 was held in Johannesburg, South Africa with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12258986",
"chunk_text": "\"Rio Declaration on Environment and Development\"\nRio Declaration on Environment and Development The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, often shortened to Rio Declaration, was a short document produced at the 1992 United Nations \"\"Conference on Environment and Development\"\" (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit. The Rio Declaration consisted of 27 principles intended to guide countries in future sustainable development. It was signed by over 170 countries. The international community met twice to assess the progress made in implementing the principles of the document; first in New York in 1997 during a General Assembly Session of the UN, and then in Johannesburg in 2002. While",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14278917",
"chunk_text": "\"Agenda 21\"\nAgenda 21 Agenda 21 is a non-binding action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development. It is a product of the Earth Summit (UN Conference on Environment and Development) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is an action agenda for the UN, other multilateral organizations, and individual governments around the world that can be executed at local, national, and global levels. The \"\"21\"\" in Agenda 21 refers to the 21st century. It has been affirmed and had a few modifications at subsequent UN conferences. Its aim is achieving global sustainable development. One major objective",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8591050",
"chunk_text": "\"Earth Summits\"\n21. The plan of action is designed as a TQM - Total Quality Manual, designed smartly and open enough, so that also organisations, companies and individuals can use it as a basis for their own plan of action and guidance not to miss out on important issue; it helps speed up understanding and identifying partners by e.g. using similar wordings and symbols. The 2000-2015 Millennium Development Goals and the 2015-2030 Global Goals are results from these Earth Summits. The first summit took place in Stockholm ([Sweden]) in 1972, the second in Nairobi (Kenya) in 1982, the third in Rio de",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16083675",
"chunk_text": "\"R20 Regions of Climate Action\"\nfrom a unique concentration of International Organizations, Financial institutions, NGOs and Academia that the NGO can work with to further its mission. To facilitate and bring together local authorities, technology providers and investors, R20 works with regional offices installed around the world: Austria (Vienna), France (Paris), USA (Santa Monica), Algeria (Oran), and Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). As of November 2016, R20 has 49 direct members (both national & sub-national authorities) and 134 businesses and project facilitators (academic institutions, national agencies, NGOs, private companies, UN programs and Intergovernmental organizations), and 41 investors and financial institutions. During his tenure as Governor of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16052390",
"chunk_text": "1990s\nbeing some of the more extreme examples. Safety features such as airbags and shoulder belts became mandatory equipment on new cars. At the beginning of the decade, sustainable development and environmental protection became serious issues for governments and the international community. In 1987, the publication of the Brundtland Report by the United Nations had paved the way to establish an environmental governance. In 1992 the Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro, in which several countries committed to protect the environment, signing a Convention on Biological Diversity. The prevention of the destruction of the tropical rainforests of the world",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16691375",
"chunk_text": "BRICS\nBRICS BRICS is the acronym coined for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as \"\"BRIC\"\" (or \"\"the BRICs\"\"), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are known for their significant influence on regional affairs; all are members of G20. Since 2009, the BRICS nations have met annually at formal summits. China hosted the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on September 2017, while South Africa hosted the most recent 10th BRICS summit in July 2018. The term does not include countries such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4014660",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit\"\nwith improvised explosive devices. After those events, the United Kingdom government lowered its terrorism alert for Buenos Aires from \"\"very likely\"\" to \"\"likely\"\". 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit \"\"\"\" The 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit, was the thirteenth meeting of Group of Twenty (G20), which was held on 30 November and 1 December 2018 in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was the first G20 summit to be hosted in South America. President Mauricio Macri of Argentina assumed the one-year G20 presidency on 30 November 2017, during an official ceremony at the Kirchner Cultural Centre in Buenos Aires. President",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2390180",
"chunk_text": "\"High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development\"\nwas created in 1992 to ensure follow-up of the Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). This Commission met a total of 20 times, with its last session on 20 September 2013. At the 2012 Conference on Sustainable Development, or Rio+20, it was decided that the Commission would be replaced by the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. This new Forum would meet under the auspices of both the Economic and Social Council, as well as the General Assembly. The Forum was formally created by Resolution 67/290 on 9 July 2013. As the Forum is held under the authority of both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9999294",
"chunk_text": "\"G20 developing nations\"\nG20 developing nations The G20 developing nations (and, occasionally, the G21, G23 or G20+) was a bloc of developing nations established on 20 August 2003. Distinct and separate from the G20 major economies, the group emerged at the 5th Ministerial WTO conference, held in Cancún, Mexico, from 10 September to 14 September 2003. The group accounted for 60% of the world's population, 70% of its farmers and 26% of world’s agricultural exports. Its origins date back to June 2003, when foreign ministers from Brazil, India and South Africa signed a declaration known as the Brasilia Declaration, on June 6, 2003.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9371872",
"chunk_text": "\"Rio de Janeiro\"\nd'état that installed a military dictatorship, the city-state was the only state left in Brazil to oppose the military. Then, in 1975, a presidential decree known as \"\"The Fusion\"\" removed the city's federative status and merged it with the State of Rio de Janeiro, with the city of Rio de Janeiro replacing Niterói as the state's capital, and establishing the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region. In 1992, Rio hosted the Earth Summit, a United Nations conference to fight environmental degradation. Twenty years later, in 2012, the city hosted another conference on sustainable development, named United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20828011",
"chunk_text": "\"Brundtland Commission\"\nthe first volume of “Our Common Future,” the organization’s main report. “Our Common Future” strongly influenced the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 and the third UN Conference on Environment and Development in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2002. Also, it is credited with crafting the most prevalent definition of sustainability, as seen below. During the 1980s it had been revealed that the World Bank had started to experience an expanded role in intervening with the economic and social policies of the Third World. This was most notable through the events at Bretton Woods in 1945. The ideas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16691378",
"chunk_text": "BRICS\n2006 at the margins of the General Debate of the UN General Assembly, beginning a series of high-level meetings. A full-scale diplomatic meeting was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia, on 16 June 2009. The BRIC grouping's first formal summit, also held in Yekaterinburg, commenced on 16 June 2009, with Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Dmitry Medvedev, Manmohan Singh, and Hu Jintao, the respective leaders of Brazil, Russia, India and China, all attending. The summit's focus was on means of improving the global economic situation and reforming financial institutions, and discussed how the four countries could better co-operate in the future. There",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6876053",
"chunk_text": "\"Belinda Stronach\"\nand hosted the G(irls)20 Summit. Modelled after the G(20) Summit, The G(irls)20 Summit would solicit grassroots ideas on how to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that most impact girls and women. The G(irls)20 Summit was launched in Toronto in 2010, followed by Paris, France 2011. Each was attended by one girl from each of the G20 countries, as well as a representative from the African Union. Delegates engaged in a conversation about the economic prowess of girls and women, culminating in the development of a communiqué outlining their recommendations on how to empower and engage girls and women globally.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14278919",
"chunk_text": "\"Agenda 21\"\nIn 1997, the UN General Assembly held a special session to appraise the status of Agenda 21 (Rio +5). The Assembly recognized progress as \"\"uneven\"\" and identified key trends, including increasing globalization, widening inequalities in income, and continued deterioration of the global environment. A new General Assembly Resolution (S-19/2) promised further action. The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, agreed to at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Earth Summit 2002), affirmed UN commitment to \"\"full implementation\"\" of Agenda 21, alongside achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and other international agreements. The first World Public Meeting on Culture, held in Porto Alegre,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10812289",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 IBSA summit\"\n2010 IBSA summit The 2010 IBSA summit took place in Brasilia, Brazil on April 15, 2010. The meeting took place between the three heads of government from the IBSA states. This was the fourth such meeting. The IBSA grouping was a result of the need for South-South co-operation as envision by the bigger players for the each region in the hemisphere. This year's summit marked the return to the founding location of the grouping. This meeting to place on the sidelines of the larger BRIC gathering also in Brasilia. Trade between the IBSA grouping went from US$2.6 billion in 2002",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17181479",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyril Ramaphosa\"\na trip to Kigali, Rwanda along with Foreign Minister Lindiwe Sisulu, and met with President Paul Kagame and spoke about restoring relations between South Africa and Rwanda, later participating as panelists on African Continental Free Trade Area Business Forum (ACFTABF) ahead of the 10th African Union Extraordinary Summit. On 21 March, 2018, Ramaphosa signed the Kigali Declaration on the establishment of the (ACFTABF) at the 10th African Union Extraordinary Summit. Ramaphosa hosted the 11th BRICS summit for 25 - 27 July 2018, at the Sandton Convention Centre in Johannesburg. Ramaphosa publicly declared in South Africa on 24 May 2018 that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16445356",
"chunk_text": "\"3rd BRICS summit\"\ndeclaration in favour of \"\"comprehensive reform of the UN, including its Security Council.\"\" 3rd BRICS summit The 2011 BRICS summit () took place in Sanya on the island of Hainan, China, on 14 April 2011. This was the third BRICS summit since 2009. The meeting took place between the five heads of state/heads of government from the BRICS states following bilateral meetings in the prior days. Following a meeting in Brasilia in 2010, to which South Africa was invited as a guest, the group invited South Africa to join as a full member in 2011 and the group formerly called",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16445348",
"chunk_text": "\"3rd BRICS summit\"\n3rd BRICS summit The 2011 BRICS summit () took place in Sanya on the island of Hainan, China, on 14 April 2011. This was the third BRICS summit since 2009. The meeting took place between the five heads of state/heads of government from the BRICS states following bilateral meetings in the prior days. Following a meeting in Brasilia in 2010, to which South Africa was invited as a guest, the group invited South Africa to join as a full member in 2011 and the group formerly called BRIC officially became BRICS. The Chinese president chaired the BRICS Leaders Meeting in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7834089",
"chunk_text": "\"Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nseven days of inspections involving 300 professionals, the thirteen members of the IOC Evaluation Commission left Rio de Janeiro on May 3, 2009, on the way to Madrid. One month before the election, on September 2, 2009, Rio officials welcomed the released of the 2016 Evaluation Commission Report. It gave a very positive assessment to the city and described the documents submitted by Rio de Janeiro as \"\"of a very high quality\"\". The election of the host city took place at Bella Center on October 2, 2009, in Copenhagen, during the 121st IOC Session. Rio de Janeiro was the third",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13700835",
"chunk_text": "\"2nd BRIC summit\"\n2nd BRIC summit The 2010 BRIC summit took place in Brasília, Brazil on April 16, 2010. This was the second BRIC summit after Yekaterinburg in 2009. The meeting took place between the four heads of government from the BRIC states following bilateral meetings in the prior days. The acronym BRIC (for Brazil, Russia, India, China) was first used in a Goldman Sachs thesis projecting the economic potential of Brazil, Russia, India and China. Previously, the 1st BRIC summit took place in Yekaterinburg, Russia in 2009 and discussed global issues. This year's summit follows the Washington Nuclear summit hosted by U.S.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14099620",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development\"\nnon-governmental organizations as well as Delegates and UN system representatives. Held from 7–8 March 2011, at United Nations Headquarters in New York, immediately following the Intergovernmental Policy Meeting for the 19th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development. Held from 15–16 December 2011 at United Nations Headquarters in New York. Held from 5–7 March 2012 at United Nations Headquarters in New York. The 3rd Preparatory Committee began on 13 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and ended on 15 June 2012, marking the start of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development. The talks were held from 20–22 June 2012",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10182091",
"chunk_text": "\"Équiterre\"\nproduced by its CSA network as well. Équiterre was founded in 1993 by a group of young people including Steven Guilbeault, Laure Waridel, Sidney Ribaux, Patrick Henn, François Meloche and Beth Hunter who had participated in various preparatory conferences at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the previous year. This group shared the view that issues of poverty, the environment and North-South inequities must be considered in order for real change to occur in society. They decided to create an organization that would enable them to put their principles into action. Équiterre has since been devoted to implementing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "793023",
"chunk_text": "\"Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative\"\ninvestment and creating sustainable financial markets. The event took place in the days leading up to the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) as part of the UN Global Compact’s Corporate Sustainability Forum (CSF). The 2010 Global Dialogue was held on 8 September 2010 in Xiamen, China. It took place against the backdrop of UNCTAD’s World Investment Forum and the China International Fair for Investment and Trade (CIFIT) which brought together 1,500 leaders from various stakeholder groups including governments, businesses, international organizations, investment promotion agencies, civil society, and international investment experts and practitioners from across the world. The 2009",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4654546",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Brazil\"\nresulted from slash and burn techniques used by small farmers. Technical changes involved in the transition from horizontal expansion of agriculture to increasing productivity also accounted for decreasing rates of deforestation. Desertification, another important environmental problem in Brazil, only received international attention following the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development, also known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992. Desertification means that the soils and vegetation of drylands are egraded, not necessarily that land turns into desert. In the early 1990s, it became evident that the semiarid caatinga ecosystem of the Northeast was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13720629",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 IBSA summit\"\nlaunched. 2010 IBSA summit The 2010 IBSA summit took place in Brasilia, Brazil on April 15, 2010. The meeting took place between the three heads of government from the IBSA states. This was the fourth such meeting. The IBSA grouping was a result of the need for South-South co-operation as envision by the bigger players for the each region in the hemisphere. This year's summit marked the return to the founding location of the grouping. This meeting to place on the sidelines of the larger BRIC gathering also in Brasilia. Trade between the IBSA grouping went from US$2.6 billion in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11248679",
"chunk_text": "\"4th BRICS summit\"\n4th BRICS summit The 2012 BRICS summit was the fourth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held at Taj Hotel in New Delhi, India on 29 March 2012 and began at 10:00 Indian Standard Time. This is the first time that India has hosted a BRICS summit. The theme of the summit was \"\"BRICS Partnership for Global Stability, Security and Prosperity\"\". Preparations for the summit began with the announcement from the Ministry of External",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3973830",
"chunk_text": "\"The Amazonia Conference\"\nconquered the United States and France and current plans reflect the need to explore the Asia-Pacific. The Amazonia Conference The Amazonia Conference is a global warming activist organization with a particular focus on education of the public. The Conference was established in April 1990, when governments of the world were discussing the dangers of global warming at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. The Conference is an educational organisation with the aim of educating people about the realities of the endangered environment and the inevitable catastrophic consequences if no proactive and preventive steps are taken. The project",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9651017",
"chunk_text": "\"International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties\"\nUnder the motto \"\"Socialism is the future!\"\", it was attended by 80 parties, while additional eight parties sent a message. The 13th meeting was held in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 3 to 5 December 2010 and was hosted by the South African Communist Party. The 11th meeting was held in New Delhi, India, from 20 to 22 November 2009 and was hosted by both the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India. It was attended by 89 participants representing 57 communist and workers' parties and 48 countries. The 10th meeting was held in São Paulo, Brazil,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13494907",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephan Schmidheiny\"\nand murder. In 1990 Schmidheiny was appointed chief adviser for business and industry to the secretary general of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit of 1992. The conference took place in 1992, with 172 governments participating. As chief advisor to this conference, Schmidheiny created a forum in which leading businessmen from all parts of the world developed a business perspective on environment and development challenges. This forum later became the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), an organization that today counts the world’s 160 most important companies",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14278918",
"chunk_text": "\"Agenda 21\"\nof the agenda 21 is that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21. Since 2015, Sustainable Development Goals are included in the Agenda 2030. Agenda 21 is a 350-page document divided into 40 chapters that have been grouped into 4 sections: The full text of Agenda 21 was made public at the UN Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit), held in Rio de Janeiro on June 13, 1992, where 178 governments voted to adopt the program. The final text was the result of drafting, consultation, and negotiation, beginning in 1989 and culminating at the two-week conference.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12799404",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations Forum on Forests\"\nUnited Nations Forum on Forests The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) is a high-level intergovernmental policy forum. The forum includes all United Nations Member States and Permanent Observers, the UNFF Secretariat, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, Regional Organizations and Processes and Major Groups. In 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, (“Earth Summit”) held in Rio de Janeiro, adopted the \"\"Non-legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types of Forests\"\" (Forest Principles) together with Agenda 21, which included a chapter (Chapter 11) on “Combating Deforestation”.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_494
|
all time highest goal scorer in spain national team?
|
n/a
|
[
"David Villa"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11539968",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nat the club), he is also Real's most capped international player while with 127 caps (47 while at the club). Cristiano Ronaldo is Real Madrid's all-time top goalscorer, with 450 goals. Five other players have also scored over 200 goals for Real: Alfredo Di Stéfano (1953–64), Santillana (1971–88), Ferenc Puskás (1958–66), Hugo Sánchez (1985–92) and the previous goalscoring record-holder Raúl (1994–2010). Cristiano Ronaldo also holds the record for the most league goals scored in one season (48 in 2014–15), alongside being Real's top goalscorer of all time in La Liga history with 311 goals. Di Stéfano's 49 goals in 58",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10399112",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain national football team\"\nhighest goalscorer, scoring 59 goals since 2005, during which time he played for Spain on 98 occasions. Raúl González is the second highest goalscorer, scoring 44 goals in 102 appearances between 1996 and 2006. Fernando Torres is the third highest goalscorer with 38 goals in 110 appearances since 2003. Between November 2006 and June 2009, Spain went undefeated for a record-equaling 35 consecutive matches before their loss to the United States in the Confederations Cup, a record shared with Brazil, and included a record 15-game winning streak. In the 2010 FIFA World Cup, Spain became the first European national team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17289704",
"chunk_text": "\"Andrés Iniesta\"\n25 June 2018. He came off the bench in the 67th minute in Spain's last match at the tournament against Russia on 1 July 2018 for the round of 16. After the loss in the penalty shoot-outs, Iniesta announced his retirement from international duty. He amassed 131 senior international caps for Spain and at the time of retiring was the nation's fourth-most-capped player of all-time, behind only Iker Casillas, Xavi, and Sergio Ramos. Like fellow \"\"La Masia\"\" graduate Cesc Fàbregas, Iniesta originally started as a defensive midfielder, but his balance, ball control and agility allied with his skill on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7969760",
"chunk_text": "\"Football in Spain\"\nthe best results in UEFA's men's youth competitions (UEFA European Under-19 Championship and UEFA European Under-17 championship) over the previous two seasons, in 1994, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2007, and 2011. A short list of some of the top Spanish football players (grouped by playing positions and era) which have ever played for the Spanish national team include: Goalkeepers: Ricardo Zamora (1920s/1930s), Antoni Ramallets (1940s/1960s), José Ángel Iribar (1960s/1980s), Luis Arconada (1970s/1980s), Andoni Zubizarreta (1970s/1990s), Iker Casillas (1990s/2010s), Víctor Valdés (2000s/2010s), David de Gea (2010s) Defenders: Jacinto Quincoces (1920s/1930s), Joan Segarra (1950s/1960s), Jesús Garay (1950s/1960s), José Santamaría (1950s/1960s), Feliciano",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208046",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\nwinning the match 4–3 but being eliminated on away goals after draw 6–6 on aggregate. In total, Raúl scored 323 goals for Real Madrid, breaking the long-standing club record of Alfredo Di Stéfano (307) with a volleyed goal against Sporting de Gijón on 15 February 2009. He is presently fifth on the all-time list of La Liga goalscorers, behind Argentine Lionel Messi, Portuguese Cristiano Ronaldo, Spaniard Telmo Zarra and Mexican Hugo Sánchez. Raúl and fellow long-serving teammate Iker Casillas were both awarded \"\"contracts for life\"\" in 2008, the terms of which stipulate the contract will be renewed annually for as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9499063",
"chunk_text": "\"Josep Samitier\"\nJosep Samitier Josep Samitier Vilalta (; 2 February 1902 – 4 May 1972), also known as José Samitier, was a Spanish footballer, manager and scout who played as a midfielder for FC Barcelona, Madrid CF, OGC Nice, the Catalan XI and Spain. He later coached Athletic Madrid, OGC Nice and FC Barcelona and worked as a scout for both FC Barcelona and Real Madrid. During his playing career with FC Barcelona he scored 333 goals and currently is the club's all time third top goalscorer with behind Paulino Alcántara who scored 369 goals and Lionel Messi who scored 557 goals.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2573611",
"chunk_text": "\"Arnoldo Iguarán\"\nArnoldo Iguarán Arnoldo Alberto Iguarán Zúñiga (born 18 January 1957), also known as \"\"El Guajiro\"\", is a former Colombian footballer who played as a forward. He earned 68 caps for the Colombia national team between 1979 and 1993, playing at the 1990 FIFA World Cup and two Copa América tournaments. With 25 international goals, he was the nation's sole top scorer of all time until Radamel Falcao tied him in 2015. Born in Riohacha, Iguarán started and ended his club football career with Cúcuta Deportivo. He spent 12 years at Millonarios, and won the Colombian league in 1987 and 1988",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10399111",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain national football team\"\nNovember 2018 respectively. <br>Caps and goals correct as of: \"\"18 November 2018, after the match against Bosnia and Herzegovina.\"\" The following players have been called up for the team in the last twelve months. Iker Casillas holds the record for most appearances for the Spanish team with 167 since 2000. He is one of thirteen Spanish players to have reached 100 caps. Sergio Ramos has played for Spain 161 times since his debut in 2005 and is the second most capped player. Xavi is third, having played 133 times between 2000 and 2014. David Villa holds the title of Spain's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3600679",
"chunk_text": "\"David Villa\"\nBoot at the 2010 World Cup. His displays for Spain and Valencia saw him named in the FIFA FIFPro World XI for 2010. He is the first Spanish player to ever reach 50 international goals and retired from internationals after the 2014 World Cup with 59 in 97 matches, making him Spain's all-time top goalscorer as well as the country's top scorer in the World Cup, with nine goals. He came out of retirement from international football in August 2017. Villa was born in Tuilla, a small parish in Langreo, Asturias, a region in northern Spain, the son of José",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11800770",
"chunk_text": "\"Alfredo Di Stéfano\"\nfor Spain after moving to Madrid, but he also played for Argentina and Colombia. Di Stéfano, nicknamed \"\"Saeta rubia\"\" (\"\"Blond Arrow\"\"), was a powerful, quick, skillful, and prolific forward, with great stamina, tactical versatility, creativity, and vision, who could also play almost anywhere on the pitch. He is currently the sixth highest scorer in the history of Spain's top division, and Real Madrid's third highest league goalscorer of all time, with 216 goals in 282 league matches between 1953 and 1964. He is Madrid's leading goalscorer in the history of \"\"El Clásico\"\", alongside Cristiano Ronaldo. In November 2003, to celebrate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7749100",
"chunk_text": "\"David Villa\"\nRaúl, even though we have hardly met on international duty.\"\" Speaking about Raúl's record with the Spanish national team as the nation's leading top scorer, Villa said, \"\"I've got 25 goals but he's got 44 and is still playing. I'd be delighted to reach that tally as I'd help the national team achieve great victories and, in many years' time, I could see my name on a [scorers' list] that another young lad was trying to beat. That would be great.\"\" On 25 March 2011, two years after making that remark, Villa surpassed Raúl as Spain's all-time top scorer. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208036",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\nLeague history, behind Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi, and the fifth most capped player. In 2003, he was appointed captain of the team and retained that position until his departure from the club in 2010. In La Liga competitions, Raúl is the fifth-highest goalscorer in the history of the competition with 228 goals, behind Lionel Messi, Cristiano Ronaldo, Telmo Zarra and fellow Real Madrid legend Hugo Sánchez. He is also the highest Spanish scorer in European leagues, with 256 goals, scoring 228 goals in La Liga and 28 goals in the Bundesliga. He is also the second-most capped player in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1405237",
"chunk_text": "\"Sergio Ramos\"\nage of 18 and, in 2013, he became the nation's youngest player to ever reach 100 caps. He is the nation's second-most capped player. Ramos is regarded by many as one of the best defenders in the world and he has also received praise for his passing and goalscoring capabilities; alongside Lionel Messi, he is the only player to score in 15 consecutive La Liga seasons. He was named to the FIFPro World XI nine times, a record for a defender and the third-most all-time, and to the UEFA Team of the Year seven times, also a record for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5739743",
"chunk_text": "\"Andoni Zubizarreta\"\nfrequent source of criticism from his manager, and eventually led to the former's departure from the club in 1994. Athletic Bilbao Barcelona Andoni Zubizarreta Andoni Zubizarreta Urreta (, ; born 23 October 1961) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. The all-time most capped player for the Spain national team for several years, he played with individual and team success for Athletic Bilbao and Barcelona (eight years with the latter, he would later work with the club in directorial capacities), appearing in more than 950 official professional matches during his club career. Zubizarreta represented Spain in seven",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7969762",
"chunk_text": "\"Football in Spain\"\nIniesta (2000s/2010s), Santi Cazorla (2000s/2010s), David Silva (2000s/2010s), Cesc Fàbregas (2000s/2010s), Juan Mata (2000s/2010s), Sergio Busquets (2000s/2010s) Forwards: Pichichi (1910s/20s), Paulino Alcántara (1910s/1920s), Luis Regueiro (1920s/1930s), Isidro Lángara (1930s), César (1940s/1950s), Telmo Zarra (1940s/1950s), Agustín Gaínza (1940s/1950s), Estanislau Basora (1940s/1950s), László Kubala (1950s/1960s), Ferenc Puskás (1960s), Francisco Gento (1950s/1960s), Amancio Amaro (1960s/1970s), Santillana (1970s/1980s), Juanito (1970s/1980s, Quini (1970s/1980s), Roberto López Ufarte (1970s/1980s), Emilio Butragueño (1980s/1990s), Julio Salinas (1980s/1990s), Raúl (1990s/2000s), Fernando Morientes (1990s/2000s), David Villa (2000s/2010s), Fernando Torres (2000s/2010s) Currently, the three most important competitions between clubs in Spain are La Liga (English: League), the Copa del Rey (English: King's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15385736",
"chunk_text": "\"Luis Enrique (footballer)\"\nLuis Enrique (footballer) Luis Enrique Martínez García (; born 8 May 1970), known as Luis Enrique, is a Spanish former professional footballer, and is the manager of the Spanish national team. A versatile player with good technique, he was capable of playing in several different positions, but usually played as a midfielder or forward, and was also noted for his temperament and stamina. Starting in 1991 and ending in 2004, he represented both Real Madrid and Barcelona with equal individual and team success, appearing in more than 500 official games and scoring more than 100 goals. He appeared with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3397",
"chunk_text": "\"Julio Salinas\"\nJulio Salinas Julio Salinas Fernández (; born 11 September 1962) is a Spanish retired footballer who played during the 1980s and 1990s. A tall, lanky centre forward with skills, Salinas was best remembered for his spell at Barcelona – having started his career with Athletic Bilbao – while he was also a prolific goalscorer for club and country. Salinas earned 56 caps for Spain, and represented the nation in three World Cups and two European Championships. Salinas was born in Bilbao, Biscay, joining Athletic Bilbao's youth academy at the age of 11. In 1983–84 he won the second division's Pichichi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5362374",
"chunk_text": "\"Luis Suárez\"\nLuis Suárez Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz (; born 24 January 1987) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a striker for Spanish club Barcelona and the Uruguay national team. Often regarded as one of the best players in the world, Suárez has won 17 trophies in his career, including five league titles and a UEFA Champions League title at club level, and a Copa América with Uruguay. A prolific goalscorer, Suárez has won two European Golden Shoes, an Eredivisie Golden Boot, a Premier League Golden Boot, as well as ending the six-year dominance of Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6299054",
"chunk_text": "\"David Villa\"\nan example for society and we have to be ready to get involved in these projects, where we can help people who need it\"\". Note: \"\"Each season is September – August\"\" David Villa David Villa Sánchez (; born 3 December 1981) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Japanese club Vissel Kobe and the Spain national team. Villa is regarded by pundits as one of the best forwards of his generation, and one of the best Spanish strikers of all-time. Nicknamed El Guaje (\"\"The Kid\"\" in Asturian) due to cultivating a reputation of playing football with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19414084",
"chunk_text": "\"FC Barcelona\"\nall competitions and 442 in the League. Barcelona's all-time highest goalscorer in all competitions (including friendlies) is Lionel Messi with 594 goals, surpassing Paulino Alcántara's record (369 goals) held for 87 years, as well as being the highest goalscorer in official competitions with 559 goals. He is also the record goalscorer for Barcelona in European (106 goals) and international club competitions (111 goals), and the record league scorer with 387 goals in La Liga. Alongside Messi, four other players have managed to score over 100 league goals for the club: César (190), László Kubala (131), Luis Suárez (112) and Samuel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20892574",
"chunk_text": "\"Iker Casillas\"\nCasillas\"\". Source: Iker Casillas Iker Casillas Fernández (; born 20 May 1981) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Portuguese club Porto and the Spanish national team. Popularly dubbed \"\"\"\"San Iker\"\"\"\" (\"\"Saint Iker\"\") for his ability to produce spectacular saves, Casillas is widely considered to be one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time, known for his athleticism, quick reactions and outstanding shot-stopping ability. Casillas began his youth career with Real Madrid in 1990. After gaining promotion to the senior team in 1999, he remained with the club for 16 seasons, later serving as club captain.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19438266",
"chunk_text": "\"Iker Casillas\"\nIker Casillas Iker Casillas Fernández (; born 20 May 1981) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Portuguese club Porto and the Spanish national team. Popularly dubbed \"\"\"\"San Iker\"\"\"\" (\"\"Saint Iker\"\") for his ability to produce spectacular saves, Casillas is widely considered to be one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time, known for his athleticism, quick reactions and outstanding shot-stopping ability. Casillas began his youth career with Real Madrid in 1990. After gaining promotion to the senior team in 1999, he remained with the club for 16 seasons, later serving as club captain. During his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13990970",
"chunk_text": "\"Fernando Morientes\"\nSpanish national team since 1998, scoring a brace in the first five minutes of his debut against Sweden on 25 March and adding a further two in each of his next two games, against Northern Ireland and Bulgaria respectively. He ranked fourth on the Spanish all-time topscorer's list with 27 goals in 47 appearances, behind former Real Madrid teammate Raúl, former Valencia teammate Villa and former Madrid captain Fernando Hierro (who took the majority of Spain's free kicks and penalties), although his goals-to-games ratio was higher than Raúl and Hierro. Morientes netted five goals in the two FIFA World Cups",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3126860",
"chunk_text": "\"Juan Carlos Plata\"\non his left hand. Juan Carlos Plata Juan Carlos Plata (born 1 January 1971) is a Guatemalan soccer coach and retired football striker. He is the highest-scoring player in the history of Guatemala's top division. As of January 2010, Plata has, except for Marc Lloyd-Williams, been the most prolific scorer among all active players in the world in top division leagues, and is among the top 60 goalscorers of all time in the world according to the International Federation of Football History & Statistics. He is also the second-highest goalscorer in the history of the Guatemala national team behind Carlos",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12238928",
"chunk_text": "\"Andoni Zubizarreta\"\nAndoni Zubizarreta Andoni Zubizarreta Urreta (, ; born 23 October 1961) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. The all-time most capped player for the Spain national team for several years, he played with individual and team success for Athletic Bilbao and Barcelona (eight years with the latter, he would later work with the club in directorial capacities), appearing in more than 950 official professional matches during his club career. Zubizarreta represented Spain in seven major international tournaments, four World Cups and three European Championships, starting in six of those. Born in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Zubizarreta spent his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18948084",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Spain national football team\"\ndefeated Germany 1–0, with a goal scored by Fernando Torres in the 33rd minute. This was Spain's first major title since the 1964 European Championship. Spain were the top scoring team, with 12 goals, and David Villa finished as the top scorer with four goals; Xavi was awarded the player of the tournament, and nine Spanish players were picked for the Euro 2008 Team of the Tournament. Luis Aragonés left the manager's role after the Euro 2008 success, and was replaced by Vicente del Bosque. 2008 saw David Villa score 16 goals in 15 games, breaking the Spanish record of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3910155",
"chunk_text": "\"Carlos Pavón\"\nCarlos Pavón Carlos Alberto Pavón Plummer (born 9 October 1973 in El Progreso) is a retired Honduran football striker. He is most prominently related to Real España of the Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras and is Honduras' all-time national team goalscorer. Pavón began his career at the age of 18 in his native Honduras with Real España on 30 May 1992 against Platense in the 1992 Honduran Cup, the final score was 1-1. While with Real España, Pavón won four Honduran league championships, as well as leading the league in scoring. Pavón then played in Mexico for seven successive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20372074",
"chunk_text": "\"Erika Vázquez\"\nErika Vázquez Erika Vázquez Morales (born 16 February 1983), known simply as Erika, is a Spanish football forward who plays for Athletic Bilbao and the Spanish national team. With over 200 goals in the Spanish league and 18 more in three UEFA Women's Champions League campaigns she is Athletic Bilbao's all-time top scorer. She has been playing for Spain since the 2005 UEFA Women's Championship qualification. On June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda confirmed Erika as a member of his 23-player squad for the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 finals in Sweden. She was also part of Spain's squad at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18674976",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain at the FIFA World Cup\"\ngoal was scored by Andrés Iniesta, a right foot strike from inside the box after an assist by Cesc Fàbregas. Iker Casillas has captained Spain to their World Cup title in 2010 and won the Golden Glove award for best keeper at the same tournament. No Spanish player has ever won the Golden Boot, but Emilio Butragueño and Spain's record World Cup scorer David Villa have each won the Silver Boot after scoring five goals in 1986 and 2010 respectively. Spain at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Spain's results at the FIFA World Cup. Spain is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208071",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\n\"\"FIFA 18\"\". Throughout his career, Raúl's goal celebration consisted of kissing his wedding ring as an acknowledgment to his wife Mamen Sanz, whom he married in 1999 and with whom he has four sons and a daughter: Jorge, Hugo, twins Héctor and Mateo, and María. Jorge and Hugo are both footballers; Jorge at Fordham Preparatory School in New York City and Hugo in New York City FC's academy. Raúl made 102 appearances for Spain between 1996 and 2006 and scored 44 goals. He is Spain's second highest goalscorer only behind David Villa. Raúl (footballer) Raúl González Blanco (; born 27",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208062",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\nlevels for Spain. With the senior team, Raúl went on for many years to score a national record 44 goals in 102 caps for Spain. However, David Villa later equaled Raúl's record in 2010 and surpassed it on 25 March 2011 in a UEFA Euro 2012 qualifier. Of his 44 international goals, Raúl scored 32 goals in competitive matches, six of which were in the finals of major tournaments and 12 from friendly matches. Raúl earned his first senior cap against the Czech Republic on 9 October 1996, playing the full 90 minutes of a goalless draw in 1998 FIFA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "802930",
"chunk_text": "\"Juan Carlos Plata\"\nJuan Carlos Plata Juan Carlos Plata (born 1 January 1971) is a Guatemalan soccer coach and retired football striker. He is the highest-scoring player in the history of Guatemala's top division. As of January 2010, Plata has, except for Marc Lloyd-Williams, been the most prolific scorer among all active players in the world in top division leagues, and is among the top 60 goalscorers of all time in the world according to the International Federation of Football History & Statistics. He is also the second-highest goalscorer in the history of the Guatemala national team behind Carlos Ruiz. Plata played all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6479678",
"chunk_text": "\"César Rodríguez Álvarez\"\nCésar Rodríguez Álvarez César Rodríguez Álvarez (6 July 1920 – 1 March 1995), sometimes known as just César, was a Spanish football forward and manager. During his career, which spanned more than two decades, he played mainly for Barcelona, appearing in 351 official matches and scoring 232 goals (previously counted as 235), making him the highest goalscorer in the club's history for several decades, until he was passed by Lionel Messi. He won five La Liga championships with the team in a total of 13 major trophies, and was renowned for his ability to score from corners. César represented Spain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20776100",
"chunk_text": "\"Luís Figo\"\nLuís Figo Luís Filipe Madeira Caeiro Figo (; born 4 November 1972) is a retired Portuguese professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Sporting CP, Barcelona, Real Madrid and Inter Milan before retiring on 31 May 2009. He won 127 caps for the Portugal national team, a record at the time but later broken by Cristiano Ronaldo. Renowned for his creativity and ability to get past defenders as a winger, Figo is regarded as one of the greatest players of his generation. His 106 assists are the second-most in La Liga history, behind Lionel Messi. He won the 2000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20372075",
"chunk_text": "\"Erika Vázquez\"\nthe 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup in Canada. Athletic Bilbao Lagunak Erika Vázquez Erika Vázquez Morales (born 16 February 1983), known simply as Erika, is a Spanish football forward who plays for Athletic Bilbao and the Spanish national team. With over 200 goals in the Spanish league and 18 more in three UEFA Women's Champions League campaigns she is Athletic Bilbao's all-time top scorer. She has been playing for Spain since the 2005 UEFA Women's Championship qualification. On June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda confirmed Erika as a member of his 23-player squad for the UEFA Women's Euro 2013",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6740517",
"chunk_text": "\"David Villa\"\nDavid Villa David Villa Sánchez (; born 3 December 1981) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Japanese club Vissel Kobe and the Spain national team. Villa is regarded by pundits as one of the best forwards of his generation, and one of the best Spanish strikers of all-time. Nicknamed El Guaje (\"\"The Kid\"\" in Asturian) due to cultivating a reputation of playing football with children much older than him, Villa sustained a serious injury as a child, but managed to start his professional career with Sporting de Gijón in 2001. He moved to Real Zaragoza",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3602006",
"chunk_text": "\"Jared Borgetti\"\nJared Borgetti Jared Francisco Borgetti Echavarría ( ; born 14 August 1973) is a retired Mexican footballer. At 46 goals, Borgetti is the second all-time leading goal scorer (behind Javier Hernández) for the Mexico national football team. He is the Club Santos Laguna top goal scorer with 205 goals. A prolific goal scorer at club and national levels, Borgetti was renowned for his heading ability. He is popularly known by the nickname of \"\"El Zorro del Desierto\"\" (\"\"The Desert Fox\"\") in reference to his debut professional team and his birthplace. He currently works for ESPN Deportes and ESPN Mexico as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1584401",
"chunk_text": "\"Marañón (footballer)\"\nfirst. He finished his career as the former's top scorer in the top division, with a total of 111 goals; his record would stand for 24 years until another club legend, Raúl Tamudo, broke it in 2007 during a 2–2 away draw against FC Barcelona. Capping off his best season at Español – 22 goals, good enough for joint-second behind Valencia CF's Mario Kempes, as the team nearly qualified for Europe – Marañón made his debut for Spain, appearing in a 1–1 friendly with Hungary in Alicante on 27 March 1977. Subsequently, he was picked for the squad for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18245914",
"chunk_text": "\"László Kubala\"\nLászló Kubala László Kubala Stecz (10 June 1927 – 17 May 2002), also referred to as Ladislav Kubala (in Slovak) or Ladislao Kubala (in Spanish), was a professional footballer, regarded as one of the best players in history; he is considered a symbol of Barcelona. He played as a forward for, among other clubs, Ferencváros, Slovan Bratislava, Barcelona, and Espanyol. A Hungarian national by birth, he also held Czechoslovak and Spanish citizenship, and played for the national teams of all three countries. Kubala was noted for his quick and skilful dribbling, composed and powerful finishing, and accuracy from free kicks.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17534500",
"chunk_text": "\"Fernando Torres\"\nIn his first full season at Chelsea, Torres won the FA Cup and the UEFA Champions League, despite receiving criticism for a comparatively low goal-scoring record. The following season, he scored in the final of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League, helping Chelsea to win the competition for the first time. Torres is a Spanish international and made his debut against Portugal in 2003. He has been capped over 100 times and is his country's third-highest goalscorer of all-time. With Spain, he has participated in six major tournaments: UEFA Euro 2004, the 2006 FIFA World Cup, Euro 2008, the 2010 World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3602017",
"chunk_text": "\"Jared Borgetti\"\ncould not participate in the 2007 Copa América, where the Mexico national team reached the third place in the Competition against Brazil and Argentina, beating Uruguay in the third place game of the Copa América. Jared Borgetti Jared Francisco Borgetti Echavarría ( ; born 14 August 1973) is a retired Mexican footballer. At 46 goals, Borgetti is the second all-time leading goal scorer (behind Javier Hernández) for the Mexico national football team. He is the Club Santos Laguna top goal scorer with 205 goals. A prolific goal scorer at club and national levels, Borgetti was renowned for his heading ability.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7749082",
"chunk_text": "\"David Villa\"\na ban. Villa helped secure Spain's place in the round of 16 after scoring the first goal in a 2–1 win over Chile, with a long-range shot into an empty net after Chilean goalkeeper Claudio Bravo ran out of his area to prevent Fernando Torres from scoring. The goal would become his sixth goal in FIFA World Cup matches, becoming Spain's all-time top scorer at the World Cup finals, ahead of Emilio Butragueño, Fernando Hierro, Fernando Morientes and Raúl, all of whom have five. Spain were up against Portugal in the round of 16, and Villa would prove to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13517919",
"chunk_text": "\"Luis Suárez (footballer, born 1935)\"\nLuis Suárez (footballer, born 1935) Luis Suárez Miramontes (; born 2 May 1935), also known by the diminutive Luisito, is a Spanish former footballer and manager. He played as a midfielder for Deportivo de La Coruña, CD España Industrial, FC Barcelona, Inter Milan, Sampdoria and Spain. Suárez is regarded as one of Spain's greatest players; he was noted for his elegant, fluid, graceful style of play. Nicknamed \"\"El Arquitecto\"\" (The Architect) he was noted for his perceptive passing and explosive shot and in 1960 he became the only Spanish-born player to be voted Ballon d'Or. In 1964 he helped Spain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17553245",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Spain national football team\"\nwhich midfielder David Silva assisted another midfielder, Cesc Fàbregas, who in turn slotted the ball past goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon. Spain's next match was against Republic of Ireland. Fernando Torres opened the goalscoring, early in the fourth minute, before scoring the goal from ten yards. In the 49th minute, David Silva extended the lead for Spain, nutmegging three defenders in the process, after Given blocked Iniesta's shot. With 20 minutes of the match remaining, Torres scored his second goal, as he chipped the ball past Given. The final goal was scored by Fábregas, in which he scored from a difficult angle.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5960439",
"chunk_text": "\"Emilio Butragueño\"\nEmilio Butragueño Emilio Butragueño Santos (; born 22 July 1963) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker. He was best known for his spell with Real Madrid. Nicknamed \"\"El Buitre\"\" (The Vulture), he was a member of the legendary \"\"Quinta del Buitre\"\", along with Manolo Sanchís, Rafael Martín Vázquez, Míchel and Miguel Pardeza. Butragueño amassed La Liga totals of 341 games and 123 goals for his main club, in 12 seasons, and represented the Spain national team in two World Cups (being the second top scorer in the 1986 edition) and as many European Championships, scoring 26",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5756160",
"chunk_text": "\"Marcelo Salas\"\nsecond round. Due to his injury problems, Salas's appearances for Chile became limited after the 1999 Copa América. He scored four goals in nine appearances during the team's unsuccessful 2002 World Cup qualification campaign and during the 2006 World Cup qualifiers overtook Iván Zamorano as the nation's all-time top goalscorer with his 35th goal against Bolivia. On 18 November 2007, Salas scored his final goals for Chile during qualification for the 2010 World Cup, as \"\"la Roja\"\" drew 2–2 with Uruguay. Marcelo Salas José Marcelo Salas Melinao (; born 24 December 1974 in Temuco), dubbed as \"\"El Matador\"\" (due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407",
"chunk_text": "\"Julio Salinas\"\nthe 1982–83 season. Athletic Bilbao Barcelona Deportivo Julio Salinas Julio Salinas Fernández (; born 11 September 1962) is a Spanish retired footballer who played during the 1980s and 1990s. A tall, lanky centre forward with skills, Salinas was best remembered for his spell at Barcelona – having started his career with Athletic Bilbao – while he was also a prolific goalscorer for club and country. Salinas earned 56 caps for Spain, and represented the nation in three World Cups and two European Championships. Salinas was born in Bilbao, Biscay, joining Athletic Bilbao's youth academy at the age of 11. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8175314",
"chunk_text": "\"Valero Serer\"\nValero Serer Valero Serer Pascual (born 2 November 1932) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker. He is Gimnàstic de Tarragona's all-time scoring leader, with 181 goals over the course of 11 seasons. Born in Valencia, Serer started his professional career with local CD Mestalla, scoring three goals in nine matches in Segunda División. In 1955, after one full season at CF Gandía, he joined Real Zaragoza also in the second level. Serer achieved promotion to La Liga in his first campaign, also being the club's top goalscorer with 11 goals. He made his debut in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "211871",
"chunk_text": "\"Fernando Hierro\"\nDecember 2004 and, even though hard-pressed by fans and manager Sam Allardyce to stay for a further campaign, he announced his retirement from professional football on 10 May 2005. Hierro was capped 89 times for Spain and scored 29 goals, being only surpassed by Raúl (who also took over his captain armband in June 2002, when he retired), David Villa and Fernando Torres. He made his debut on 20 September 1989 – freshly signed by Madrid – in a 1–0 friendly win with Poland in A Coruña, and appeared for the nation in the 1990 (although only as a squad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8050000",
"chunk_text": "\"Miguel Ángel Nadal\"\nMiguel Ángel Nadal Miguel Ángel Nadal Homar (; born 28 July 1966) is a Spanish retired footballer. Nicknamed \"\"The Beast\"\", he based his game in a tremendous physical display, also being adaptable to various defender and midfielder positions. He began and ended his career with Mallorca, but his greatest achievements came whilst at Barcelona during the so-called \"\"Dream Team\"\" era. During 19 professional seasons, he played in 492 matches (462 of those in La Liga). A very important part of Spain's setup during the 1990s, Nadal represented the nation in three World Cups and at Euro 1996. In 2007, \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_495
|
where did the book small steps take place?
|
n/a
|
[
"Austin, Texas"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246299",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nSmall Steps (novel) Small Steps is a 2006 novel for young adults by Louis Sachar, first published by Delacorte Books (Dell). It is a spinoff and the sequel to \"\"Holes\"\", although the main character of \"\"Holes\"\", Stanley Yelnats, is only briefly and indirectly mentioned. Two years after his release from Camp Green Lake, Theodore \"\"Armpit\"\" Johnson is living in Austin, Texas trying to build a stable lifestyle by digging deep holes and caring for his neighbor Ginny McDonald, a ten-year-old girl with cerebral palsy. While working at the mayor's home, he is approached by Rex \"\"X-Ray\"\" Washburn, one of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246303",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nNewberg of the Austin Police Department questions Armpit about the counterfeit tickets; where upon Armpit invents a culprit to avert suspicion from himself and X-Ray. Later still, Armpit is invited to San Francisco by Kaira; but is accosted by ticket sellers Felix and Moses, who beat X-Ray and threaten to expose both of them to the police unless Armpit gives them the letter that Kaira sent earlier. Having agreed to do so, Armpit meets Kaira in San Francisco. In a coffee shop on the Italian part of San Francisco called North Beach, he tries to explain the counterfeit tickets and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246301",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nto the concert because a couple of her friends had said bad things about him although she did not mention this to his face, so Armpit decides to take Ginny instead. When the remaining tickets are discovered to be counterfeit, Armpit is beaten and handcuffed by the police while Ginny has a seizure. Luckily, the mayor of the city—who remembers Armpit from the landscaping work he did for her—intervenes; and singer Kaira DeLeon, upon discovering the situation, invites Armpit and Ginny to watch her from backstage. After the concert, they join her to share ice cream. A couple days later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355475",
"chunk_text": "\"In His Steps\"\nweeks. \"\"In His Steps\"\" takes place in the railroad town of Raymond, probably located in the eastern U.S.A. (Chicago, IL and the coast of Maine are mentioned as being accessible by train), and Chicago Illinois. The main character is the Rev. Henry Maxwell, pastor of the First Church of Raymond, who challenges his congregation to not do anything for a whole year without first asking: “What Would Jesus Do?” Other characters include Ed Norman, senior editor of the Raymond Daily Newspaper, Rachel Winslow, a talented singer, and Virginia Page, an heiress, to name a few. The novel begins on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16011078",
"chunk_text": "\"One Small Step (short story)\"\nOne Small Step (short story) One Small Step is a 1990 novella written by British writer Reginald Hill featuring the detective characters Dalziel and Pascoe. It is set in 2010, many years after the other Dalziel and Pascoe stories, and involves the detectives investigating the first murder on the Moon. \"\"One Small Step\"\" was originally published separately in 1990. In 1996, it was included, along with three other Dalziel and Pascoe stories, in the collection \"\"Asking for the Moon\"\". In May 2010, Emile Lemarque, a French astronaut, is killed by a short circuit in his urine collection device at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7958693",
"chunk_text": "\"Steps (book)\"\nSteps (book) Steps is a book by a Polish-American writer Jerzy Kosiński, released in 1968 by Random House. The work comprises scores of loosely connected vignettes or short stories, which explore themes of social control and alienation by depicting scenes rich in erotic and violent motives. \"\"Steps\"\" won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction in 1969. \"\"Steps\"\" was Kosiński's second novel, a follow-up to his successful \"\"The Painted Bird\"\" released in 1965. It consists of a series of short stories, reminiscences, anecdotes and dialogues, loosely linked to each other or having no connection at all, written in the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16011080",
"chunk_text": "\"One Small Step (short story)\"\nslight disappointment\"\". One Small Step (short story) One Small Step is a 1990 novella written by British writer Reginald Hill featuring the detective characters Dalziel and Pascoe. It is set in 2010, many years after the other Dalziel and Pascoe stories, and involves the detectives investigating the first murder on the Moon. \"\"One Small Step\"\" was originally published separately in 1990. In 1996, it was included, along with three other Dalziel and Pascoe stories, in the collection \"\"Asking for the Moon\"\". In May 2010, Emile Lemarque, a French astronaut, is killed by a short circuit in his urine collection device",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246307",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nsuffer by comparison with Sachar's last novel.\"\" During his review for the \"\"New York Times\"\", A.O. Scott praised the novel's prose as being \"\"clear and relaxed, and funny in a low-key, observant way,\"\" and observed that unlike \"\"Holes\"\", in \"\"Small Steps\"\" \"\"the realism is more conventional, and the book sticks more closely to the genre of young-adult problem literature.\"\" Small Steps (novel) Small Steps is a 2006 novel for young adults by Louis Sachar, first published by Delacorte Books (Dell). It is a spinoff and the sequel to \"\"Holes\"\", although the main character of \"\"Holes\"\", Stanley Yelnats, is only briefly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6672230",
"chunk_text": "\"Taking Steps\"\nTaking Steps Taking Steps is a 1979 farce by British playwright Alan Ayckbourn. It is set on three floors of an old and reputedly haunted house, with the stage arranged so that the stairs are flat and all three floors are on a single level (hence the play on words in the title). There are six characters in the play: The play is set in a dilapidated Victorian three-storey country house, reputedly a former bordello and said to be haunted by a deceased prostitute. According to the set design favoured by the author, all three floors are represented on stage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246302",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nKaira and Armpit meet up for breakfast in the four seasons hotel. They go outside and Kaira tries to guess what Armpit's nickname is. He said that if he told her she would have to touch that body part that was his nickname. He tells her and then she touches his armpit. The next day, X-Ray reveals that he had made the counterfeit tickets, selling the genuine ones to the buyer. He gives Armpit the money gained by selling the missing genuine tickets. After a few days, Armpit receives a love letter from Kaira DeLeon. Some time afterward, Detective Debbie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6672231",
"chunk_text": "\"Taking Steps\"\nat a single level, with the actors' movements between the floors expressed through mimed movement up and down flat staircases. This means that the downstairs living room, upstairs master bedroom and attic bedroom all occupy the same level, with actors frequently next to each other when their characters are on different floors in the story. (Stage exits lead to other off-stage rooms.) It takes place in London. Unlike most of Ayckbourn's plays, which are written for the round but are easily adapted for the proscenium, \"\"Taking Steps\"\" is generally considered to be a play that only works effectively in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246300",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nfriends from Camp Green Lake, who wants Armpit to loan him money for a ticket scalping scheme for an upcoming concert by teen pop star Kaira Deleon. Armpit agrees, and at first the scheme seems to go as planned. He asks X-Ray to give him the last two tickets to the concert, so he can take Tatiana, the girl he admires in his summer class, on a date. At first X-Ray is unwilling because he already has a buyer for the tickets, but eventually he agrees to give them to Armpit. Later, Tatiana says she would be unable to come",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18108637",
"chunk_text": "\"Taking Steps\"\n1982. Taking Steps Taking Steps is a 1979 farce by British playwright Alan Ayckbourn. It is set on three floors of an old and reputedly haunted house, with the stage arranged so that the stairs are flat and all three floors are on a single level (hence the play on words in the title). There are six characters in the play: The play is set in a dilapidated Victorian three-storey country house, reputedly a former bordello and said to be haunted by a deceased prostitute. According to the set design favoured by the author, all three floors are represented on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11909929",
"chunk_text": "\"House of Small Shadows\"\nis set in the present day. Through flashbacks interspersed throughout the book the reader learns about her past, which is extremely complicated. Catherine was abandoned by her birth parents in Ellyll Fields, a fictional small village near Hereford. While she did find an adoptive family, it is not a happy arrangement and they frequently questioned her mental health. Ostracized at school, Catherine only had one friend - a young mentally challenged girl named Alice that was also an outcast. They get along well until the summer of 1981, when Alice is one of several children that were kidnapped by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "376148",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nher with a metal bat, which was the same one that he showed Armpit earlier. Although she ends up unconscious and seriously hurt, Kaira survives, after Armpit and Fred (her bodyguard) stop Jerome. Jerome goes to jail. Kaira later recovers, though is told she may not be able to sing again. Also, it is discovered that Aileen, Kaira's mother's best friend, had stolen almost all of the money in Kaira's trust account. Aileen is put in jail, but Kaira's money is never recovered, leaving Kaira broke. Armpit arrives home and is visited one last time by Detective Newberg. She reveals",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1052122",
"chunk_text": "\"Two Steps Forward\"\nTwo Steps Forward Two Steps Forward is a 2017 novel by Australian husband and wife novelists Graeme Simsion and Anne Buist. The work was first published on October 2, 2017 in Australia and New Zealand by Text Publishing. The novel follows two dissimilar people, Zoe and Martin, as their paths cross during a 2000 kilometre walk on the Camino de Santiago. Zoe Witt is an American artist with new-age views, who makes a spontaneous decision to walk the Chemin de St Jacques / Camino de Santiago de Compostela from Cluny in central France following the sudden death of her husband.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12246306",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps (novel)\"\nthat she knows Armpit bought the tickets from X-Ray, but that she is closing the case. Later on, Armpit hears Kaira on the radio singing about her and Armpit's relationship, accompanied only by a piano. Armpit is touched by this. He accepts his life can't revolve around Kaira DeLeon, and decides to continue with his plan of taking small steps towards making a better life for himself. In a review for \"\"Holes\"\", Josh Lacey commented \"\"Small Steps\"\" \"\"has a lot to recommend it - funny dialogue, a fast-moving story, some emotive scenes, an interesting central character - but does inevitably",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8451675",
"chunk_text": "\"Step by Step (TV series)\"\nCarol Foster, a widowed beautician, also has three children: Dana, Karen, and Mark. Both families live in a substantially fictionalized version of Port Washington, Wisconsin. Frank and Carol meet while vacationing in Jamaica and impulsively get married after a whirlwind courtship. They had planned to keep their marriage a secret, but Frank accidentally blurts it out to J.T. at a barbecue he and Carol hold to introduce all the children. The children are surprised and angry at first. Each episode depicts typical situations for a new blended family. Family members’ differences cause arguments and resentments, but over time they grow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16004211",
"chunk_text": "\"Step on a Crack\"\nStep on a Crack Step on a Crack is the first novel in the Michael Bennett series by James Patterson and Michael Ledwidge featuring Detective Michael Bennett and his 10 kids. It was released on February 6, 2007. When a beloved former First Lady dies, an elaborate funeral is held at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. Many famous people, including actors and politicians, attend. During the service, gunmen seal the cathedral and take all of the celebrities inside hostage. Knowing that each of their captives is enormously wealthy, they demand a ransom from each captive personally. While the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9366676",
"chunk_text": "\"A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush\"\nartifact.\"\" The book is narrated in the first person by Newby. Newby begins with an anecdotal description of his frustration with life in the fashion business in London, and how he came to leave it. He tells how he and his friend Hugh Carless receive brief training in mountaineering technique, on boulders and small cliffs in North Wales. The inn's waitresses are expert climbers; they take Newby and Carless up a difficult climbing route, \"\"Ivy Sepulchre\"\" on Dinas Cromlech. Newby drives to Istanbul with his wife, Wanda. Meeting Carless, they drive across Turkey to Persia (present day Iran). They brake",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20591787",
"chunk_text": "\"The Thirty-Nine Steps\"\nlast minute. To escape from his flat unseen, he bribes the milkman into lending him his uniform and exits wearing it, escaping from the German spies watching the house. Carrying Scudder's pocket-book, he catches an express train leaving from London's St. Pancras Station. Hannay fixes upon Galloway, in south-west Scotland, as a suitably remote place in which to make his escape and remembers somehow the town of Newton-Stewart, which he names as his destination when he buys his ticket from the guard. Arriving at a remote station somewhere in Galloway (apparently not Newton Stewart itself), Hannay lodges in a shepherd's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11740574",
"chunk_text": "\"John T. McIntyre\"\nCompetition. Although it did not win the full competition, its selection won McIntyre an award of $4,000 in cash and gained prominent notices for the book in most of the major literary magazines. Warner Brothers, which sponsored the competition, considered it for filming but declined it in the end. \"\"Steps Going Down\"\" tells the story of two men trying to evade the police and others as they move through a series of cheap lodgings in the poorer neighborhoods around Philadelphia, encountering a variety of crooks, prostitutes, addicts, zealots, and other characters. Carl van Doren wrote of the book, \"\"There is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15684437",
"chunk_text": "\"Step (film)\"\nStep (film) Step (sometimes stylized STEP) is a 2017 American documentary film directed by Amanda Lipitz, focusing on a girls' Baltimore high school dance team. It won the U.S. Documentary Special Jury Award for Inspirational Filmmaking at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival and the Audience Award for Best Feature at the 2017 AFI Docs Festival. It was released in theaters on August 4, 2017. \"\"Step\"\" is the true-life story of a girls’ high-school step team set against the background of the heart of Baltimore. These young women learn to laugh, love and thrive – on and off the stage –",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1052123",
"chunk_text": "\"Two Steps Forward\"\nMartin Eden is a British Engineer who is making the same journey to prove the design of a cart which he has invented as an alternative to backpacks. The two undertake the walk, dealing with the physical (and, in Zoe’s case, financial) challenges. They frequently encounter each other and begin a romantic relationship, but need to resolve personal issues before it can develop. Only after the walk ends does Martin travel to the USA to indicate his interest in pursuing the relationship. The protagonists’ route to Santiago begins in Cluny, France and follows the Chemin de Cluny before joining the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10866387",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Change (film)\"\nstory of the struggles and yearnings of young children in Thiers, France, in the summer of 1976. The main characters are Patrick Desmouceaux, who is motherless and just starts getting interested in women such as his young teacher, and his friend Julien Leclou, who lives in poverty and is physically abused at home. Julien cannot stay awake at school after a night without sleep, and refuses to undress in order to hide his bruises. The film mixes the story of these characters with other more or less innocent childhood experiences and challenges of a number of children. Scenes include life",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15633044",
"chunk_text": "\"Two Steps from Heaven\"\nTwo Steps from Heaven Two Steps From Heaven is a novel by Russian author Mikhail Evstafiev. The events of the novel \"\"\"\" take place in the mid-1980s during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and soon after the troop withdrawal, back in the then Soviet Union. It is a stirring account of the trials of Lieutenant Oleg Sharagin, a platoon commander in the elite Soviet airborne forces, his fellow officers and soldiers. It also portrays the ordinary Afghans who suffered enormously under the Soviet occupation. Sharagin survives many combat operations but is critically wounded just a few months before the end",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14165578",
"chunk_text": "\"Two Steps Forward\"\nThe Herald Sun praised it as a ‘delightful tale of renewal and shedding unnecessary burdens’. Both reviewers noted that it would appeal to fans of Simsion’s The Rosie Project. The Sydney Morning Herald described it as ‘compelling reading’ and ‘entertaining and refreshingly unpredictable’. Two Steps Forward Two Steps Forward is a 2017 novel by Australian husband and wife novelists Graeme Simsion and Anne Buist. The work was first published on October 2, 2017 in Australia and New Zealand by Text Publishing. The novel follows two dissimilar people, Zoe and Martin, as their paths cross during a 2000 kilometre walk on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4133556",
"chunk_text": "V.\nminor flashbacks), and a generation-spanning plot that comprises Stencil's attempts to unravel the clues he believes will lead him to \"\"V.\"\" (or to the various incarnations thereof). Each of these \"\"Stencilised\"\" chapters is set at a different moment of historical crisis; the framing narrative involving Stencil, \"\"V.\"\", and the journals of Stencil's British spy/diplomat father threads the sequences together. The novel's two storylines increasingly converge in the last chapters (the intersecting lines forming a V-shape, as it were), as Stencil hires Benny to travel with him to Malta. The opening chapter is set in Norfolk, Virginia Christmas Eve, 1955. Benny",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6031964",
"chunk_text": "\"A Little Life\"\nA Little Life A Little Life is a 2015 novel by American novelist Hanya Yanagihara. The novel was written over the course of eighteen months. Despite the length and difficult subject matter it became a bestseller. The novel follows the lives of four friends in New York City from college through to middle-age. It focuses particularly on Jude, a lawyer with a mysterious past, ambiguous ethnicity, and unexplained health issues. Jude walks with a limp and suffers from severe nerve damage in his spine that causes him great pain, which he blames on a car injury he sustained as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19237897",
"chunk_text": "\"What About Bob?\"\nbecause his ex-wife likes Neil Diamond. He feels good about the results of an initial session with Dr. Leo Marvin, an egotistical New York psychoanalyst. However, Bob is immediately left on his own with a copy of Leo's new book, \"\"Baby Steps\"\", when the doctor goes on vacation to Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire for a month. Unable to cope, Bob follows Leo to his vacation home. Leo is annoyed because he does not see patients on vacation, but seeing how desperate Bob is tells him to \"\"take a vacation\"\" from his problems. Bob seems to have made a breakthrough, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6893047",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lost Steps\"\nThe Lost Steps The Lost Steps () is a 2001 Argentine and Spanish drama film directed by Manane Rodríguez and written by Rodríguez and Xavier Bermúdez. The film features Irene Visedo, Luis Brandoni, Federico Luppi, among others. The film tells the story of Mónica Erigaray (Irene Visedo), who is twenty years old and lives with her parents Ernesto Erigaray (Luis Brandoni) and Inés (Concha Velasco). Seventeen years ago the Erigarays left Argentina and moved to Spain to live a peaceful and quiet life. However, things change rather abruptly when a famous Argentinian writer named Bruno Leardi (Federico Luppi) claims that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355479",
"chunk_text": "\"In His Steps\"\nleaves for high society. Jasper Chase, against the \"\"What Would Jesus Do\"\" vow, decides to print his novel anyway. Virginia later uses her inheritance to buy the Rectangle property and also to help Norman's newspaper. Rollin, having a purpose for his life helping people, declares love for Rachel. Chapters 16–24 shift the action to Chicago, with Dr. Calvin Bruce from Chicago visiting Raymond, and writing what he saw. He then decides to try similarly. Dr. Bruce does a similar pledge. His bishop, Bishop Edward Hampton visits him also. Rachel's cousins, Felicia and Rose are orphaned when their father commits suicide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7103772",
"chunk_text": "\"A Walk to Remember (novel)\"\nA Walk to Remember (novel) A Walk to Remember is a novel by American writer Nicholas Sparks, released in October 1999. The novel, set in 1958–1959 in Beaufort, North Carolina, is a story of two teenagers who fall in love with each other despite the disparity of their personalities. \"\"A Walk to Remember\"\" is adapted in the film of the same name. Sparks wrote the manuscripts for \"\"A Walk to Remember\"\", his third novel, in the summer of 1999. He wrote it in North Carolina, which is the setting of the novel. Like his first published novel \"\"The Notebook\"\", the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10833040",
"chunk_text": "\"A Step From Heaven\"\nA Step From Heaven A Step From Heaven is the first novel by An Na, published in 2001 by Front Street Press. It won the 2002 Michael L. Printz Award from the American Library Association. At age four, Young Ju moves with her parents from Korea to Southern California. While expecting an easy, blissful life in America, Young Ju sees the stress that the cultural adjustment puts on her family. She struggles with the language barrier in her new school as her parents' relationship begins to strain due to financial issues. During this time, Young Ju's brother Joon Ho is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "887492",
"chunk_text": "\"Reginald Hill\"\nfeaturing elements of classical Greek myth. The novella \"\"One Small Step\"\" (dedicated to \"\"you, dear readers, without whom the writing would be in vain, and to you, still dearer purchasers, without whom the eating would be infrequent\"\") is set in the future, and deals with the EuroFed Police Commissioner Pascoe and retired Dalziel investigating the first murder on the moon. The duo do not always \"\"get their man\"\", with at least one novel ending with the villain getting away and another strongly implying that while Dalziel and Pascoe are unable to convict anyone, a series of unrelated accidents actually included",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826178",
"chunk_text": "\"Step by Wicked Step\"\nStep by Wicked Step Step By Wicked Step is a children's novel by Anne Fine, first published in 1995. In the novel five unrelated children talk about their difficulties with their parents' being separated and with their stepfamilies. The title makes reference to the fictional tradition of the wicked stepmother. Five children on a school trip stay overnight in Old Harwick Hall, a reputedly haunted house. They find the dusty diary of a boy called Richard Clayton Harwick and read that after Richard ran away to sea to escape his stepfather, he returned to an empty house. His mother had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7591394",
"chunk_text": "\"Puttering About in a Small Land\"\nPuttering About in a Small Land Puttering About in a Small Land is an early non-science fiction novel by American science fiction author Philip K. Dick. It was written sometime in 1957, but remained unpublished until it was released posthumously in 1985. In 1944, Virginia Watson and Roger Lindahl meet in Washington DC. They marry after Roger divorces his first wife Teddy and abandons his daughter by her as well. Their subsequent move to Los Angeles to work in a munitions factory proves extremely profitable. But Roger spends the money far faster than it took them to earn it. By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8825552",
"chunk_text": "\"Step on a Crack\"\nthat a film adaption of \"\"Step on a Crack\"\" is in the works. Step on a Crack Step on a Crack is the first novel in the Michael Bennett series by James Patterson and Michael Ledwidge featuring Detective Michael Bennett and his 10 kids. It was released on February 6, 2007. When a beloved former First Lady dies, an elaborate funeral is held at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. Many famous people, including actors and politicians, attend. During the service, gunmen seal the cathedral and take all of the celebrities inside hostage. Knowing that each of their captives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1620739",
"chunk_text": "\"The God of Small Things\"\nin 1992 and finished four years later in 1996. It was published the following year. The potential of the story was first recognized by Pankaj Mishra, an editor with HarperCollins, who sent it to three British publishers. Roy received 500,000 Pounds in advance and rights to the book were sold in 21 countries. In 2013, \"\"Talkhiyan\"\", a Pakistani serial based on the novel, was aired on Express Entertainment. The story is set in Ayemenem, now part of Kottayam district in Kerala, India. The temporal setting shifts back and forth between 1969, when fraternal twins Rahel and Esthappen are seven years",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10868979",
"chunk_text": "\"Magic Steps\"\nMagic Steps Magic Steps is the opening book of \"\"The Circle Opens\"\" quartet of young adult fantasy novels by Tamora Pierce. It is preceded by the \"\"Circle of Magic\"\" quartet, taking place four years after the conclusion of \"\"Briar's Book\"\". It portrays the adventures of Sandrilene fa Toren, the noble thread mage and her first experience as a teacher of magic. Like the previous quartet, \"\"Magic Steps\"\" is set in Summersea, the capital of Emelan. When her three foster-siblings leave Summersea to travel the world with their teachers, Sandry and Lark, remain alone in a Temple.Sandry leaves Discipline Cottage to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5879154",
"chunk_text": "\"Pearl Schiff\"\nstayed there for three weeks. \"\"Walk a Narrow Line\"\", Schiff's second novel, was published in 1966. The novel, about a single mother raising a daughter in Boston, had to be published in England because American publishing houses were wary of books about divorced women. Schiff worked as a proofreader and book reviewer for \"\"The Boston Globe\"\" for many years. After retiring in 1978, she led tours of the \"\"Globe\"\" facility. Her husband died in 1989. In her later years she lived in Sharon, Massachusetts, where she taught a memoir-writing class for the Council on Aging, and was included as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10347449",
"chunk_text": "\"Baldwin Steps\"\nBaldwin Steps The Baldwin Steps are a public outdoor staircase located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada dating from the 19th century. The Steps, which are constructed of stone and concrete, transcend a steep escarpment marking an ancient shoreline. The Steps are named after a former landowner of the area. They are named after the Baldwin family, which included Robert Baldwin, a former premier of Ontario, whose family were the first landowners. The Steps are also famous for appearing in the \"\"Scott Pilgrim\"\" graphic novels and its film adaptation, \"\"Scott Pilgrim vs. the World\"\". The Steps are located on the shore cliff",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18444888",
"chunk_text": "\"Brief Encounter\"\nunexpected and judgmental return. Laura, humiliated and ashamed, runs down the back stairs and into the streets. She walks for hours, sits on a bench and smokes, and is confronted by a police officer, with the implication that she could be perceived as a \"\"streetwalker.\"\" The recent turn of events informs the couple that both an affair and a future together are impossible. Realizing the danger and not wishing to hurt their families, they agree to part. Alec has been offered a job in Johannesburg, South Africa, where his brother lives. Their final meeting occurs in the railway station refreshment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13253375",
"chunk_text": "\"A Small Place in Italy\"\nA Small Place in Italy A Small Place in Italy is a travel memoir and autobiographical novel written by Eric Newby, author of \"\"The Last Grain Race\"\" and \"\"Slowly Down the Ganges\"\". In 1967, Eric Newby and his wife Wanda acquire an old run-down farmhouse in Italy, I Castagni (The Chestnuts), in the foothills of the Apuan Alps on the borders of Liguria and northern Tuscany. The book is a personal memoir of the couple's experiences in renovating the house, which had a tileless roof, a long-abandoned septic tank and a wealth of indigenous flora and fauna, as well as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14068699",
"chunk_text": "\"Small Steps: The Year I Got Polio\"\nshe is moved back to the Sheltering Arms hospital where she rooms with four other girls who have polio, Dorothy, Shirley, Alice and Renee, who later become her friends. The story takes place in Peg's school, Peg's house, at the Sheltering Arms, and at the University Hospital beginning in 1949. \"\"Small Steps\"\" won the Dorothy Canfield Fisher Children's Book Award, the Golden Kite Award in 1997 and the Mark Twain Readers Award in 1997. Small Steps: The Year I Got Polio Small Steps: The Year I Got Polio is a memoir of author Peg Kehret's childhood experience of polio. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20591784",
"chunk_text": "\"The Thirty-Nine Steps\"\nplaque, was sent to Buchan. The mysterious phrase \"\"Thirty-Nine Steps\"\", first mentioned by the character Franklin Scudder, becomes the title of the novel and the solution to its meaning is a thread that runs through the whole story. The novel is set during May and June 1914; war was evident in Europe, Richard Hannay the protagonist and narrator, an expatriate Scot, returns to his new home, a flat in London, after a long stay in Rhodesia to begin a new life. One night he is buttonholed by a stranger, a well-travelled American, who claims to be in fear for his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4334719",
"chunk_text": "\"Holes (novel)\"\nfrom critics and grossed $71 million. The film was released in conjunction with the book companion \"\"Stanley Yelnats's Survival Guide to Camp Green Lake\"\". A sequel to \"\"Holes\"\" entitled \"\"Small Steps\"\" was published in 2006, and centers on one of the secondary characters in the novel, Armpit. Stanley Yelnats IV is a 14-year-old boy from a hard-working but poor family that is allegedly affected by a curse of bad luck, which they blame on Stanley's \"\"no-good-dirty-rotten pig-stealing-great-great-grandfather\"\". Stanley's latest stroke of misfortune occurs when he is wrongly convicted of the theft of a pair of athletic shoes once owned by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355480",
"chunk_text": "\"In His Steps\"\nand their mother dies of shock. They go to live in Raymond for a little bit. Dr. Bruce and the Bishop start a work in the Settlement (similar to the Rectangle), with help from Felicia. The Bishop is held up, but the robber realizes the Bishop was the same person who helped him, and he reforms. Some of the characters from the earlier chapters, such as Henry Maxwell, Rachel Winslow, appear to see the work in the Settlement. The last chapter has a vision Henry Maxwell sees, telling some of the future of many of the characters in the book.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5973214",
"chunk_text": "\"The Saint Steps In\"\nof war-related intrigue involving what appear to be gangsters, but soon turns out to be groups with differing opinions as to what it takes to be patriotic. The book reveals that, instead of enlisting to fight in the war, Templar has instead been working behind the scenes, carrying out quiet missions against enemy agents and, unusually for the character, his efforts in this case are actually supported by law enforcement. This is the third Saint book in a row to be set in the United States (previously most of Templar's adventures took place in England), following \"\"The Saint in Miami\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7492892",
"chunk_text": "\"The God of Small Things\"\nof Kerala, India. The main part of the plot takes place in 1969, a time of changes in ideology and influence. India is a very complex society with various cultural and religious habits and beliefs. Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, Christians, and Muslims share the same space. Society is divided not only by the very strict caste system but also by class consciousness. Many languages are spoken in India, but the higher classes make a point of speaking English, sending their sons to study in England and adopting certain English habits. Kerala itself, where the story is set, has a complex social",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_496
|
when was the last time minnesota vikings was in the super bowl?
|
n/a
|
[
"1969",
"XI"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387707",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nDecember 29, 2013, defeating the Detroit Lions 14–13 to end the season. Since the team's first season in 1961, the Vikings have had one of the highest winning percentages in the NFL. As of 2017, they have won at least three games in every season except in 1962, and are one of only six NFL teams to win at least 15 games in a regular season. The Vikings have won one NFL Championship, in 1969, before the league's merger with the American Football League (AFL). Since the league merger in 1970, they have qualified for the playoffs 27 times, third-most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387708",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nin the league. The team has played in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI, though failing to win any of them. In addition, they have lost in their last six NFC Championship Game appearances since 1978. The team currently has 14 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame. The team was officially named the Minnesota Vikings on September 27, 1960; the name is partly meant to reflect Minnesota's place as a center of Scandinavian American culture. From the start, the Vikings embraced an energetic marketing program that produced first-year season ticket sales of nearly 26,000 and an average",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387703",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nMinnesota Vikings The Minnesota Vikings are a professional American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season. The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division. During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968. In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8682548",
"chunk_text": "\"Sports in Minnesota\"\nAngeles, where they became the Los Angeles Lakers. The Minnesota Vikings are an NFL team founded as an expansion team in 1961. They play their home games at U.S. Bank Stadium. The Vikings have won one NFL Championship in 1969, one year before the AFL–NFL Merger. The Vikings were the first team to appear in four Super Bowls, but also lost all of them. Their last appearance in the Super Bowl was Super Bowl XI against the Oakland Raiders in 1977. Notable current and former players include Warren Moon, Randall Cunningham, Jim Marshall, Ron Yary, Mick Tingelhoff, Paul Krause, Cris",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19185051",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings statistics\"\nestablishment – Metropolitan Stadium, Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, and U.S. Bank Stadium; attendance records, both home and away, are included on this page. Last updated: As of week 15 of the 2018 NFL season Minnesota Vikings statistics The Minnesota Vikings is an American football franchise based in Minneapolis. The team was established in 1961 and is part of the National Football League's NFC North division. Since then, the team has taken part in the NFL playoffs 29 times, reaching four Super Bowls in 1970, 1974, 1975 and 1977. This list encompasses the major records set by the team, its coaches",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387721",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nhim unconscious. The Vikings played in Super Bowl XI, their third Super Bowl (fourth overall) in four years, against the Oakland Raiders at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on January 9, 1977. The Vikings, however, lost 32–14. In 1977, the Vikings again won the Central Division with a 9–5 record and advanced to their 4th NFC Championship Game in 5 years, but were defeated by the eventual Super Bowl Champion Cowboys, 23–6, at Texas Stadium. By 1978, age was taking its toll on the Vikings, but they still made the playoffs with an 8–7–1 record. There was no more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191416",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\ngame against a divisional opponent, although Bridgewater set a franchise record for wins by a rookie starting quarterback. On January 3, 2016, the Vikings beat divisional rival Green Bay 20–13 to win the NFC North for the first time since 2009. The Vikings, led by their top 5 defense, ended the 2015 season with an 11–5 record, and a #3 seed in the playoffs. However, they lost to the Seattle Seahawks 10–9 after Blair Walsh missed a 27-yard field goal in the third coldest game in NFL playoff history. The Vikings were responsible for a historic milestone in the late",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191419",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nas a rookie. He holds several Vikings records including most career rushing touchdowns, career rushing yards, and most rushing yards in a season. In the summer of 2017, the Vikings ownership announced they would end the 52-year annual tradition of summer training camp in Mankato, Minnesota at Minnesota State University, Mankato as they built a large new headquarters building, training facility and area property development in Eagan, Minnesota on the site of the former Northwest Airlines offices completed in the spring of 2018 in time for the 2018 summer training camp that July. The Vikings won the NFC North for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12390527",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings statistics\"\nMinnesota Vikings statistics The Minnesota Vikings is an American football franchise based in Minneapolis. The team was established in 1961 and is part of the National Football League's NFC North division. Since then, the team has taken part in the NFL playoffs 29 times, reaching four Super Bowls in 1970, 1974, 1975 and 1977. This list encompasses the major records set by the team, its coaches and its players. The players section of this page lists the individual records for passing, rushing and receiving, as well as selected defensive records. The team has had three full-time home stadiums since its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13969722",
"chunk_text": "Minnesota\ndemolition after the 2013 season for the construction of the team's new home, U.S. Bank Stadium. The Vikings' current stadium hosted Super Bowl LII in February, 2018. Super Bowl XXVI was played in the Metrodome. The Vikings have advanced to the Super Bowl Super Bowl IV, Super Bowl VIII, Super Bowl IX, and Super Bowl XI, losing all four games to their AFC/AFL opponent The Minnesota Twins have played in the Major League Baseball in the Twin Cities starting in 1961. The Twins began play as the original Washington Senators, relocating to Minnesota in 1961. The Twins won the 1987",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1810411",
"chunk_text": "Minneapolis\nreaching the WNBA Finals in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, and 2017 and winning in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017. The Minnesota Vikings football team and the Minnesota Twins baseball team have played in the state since 1961. The Vikings were an NFL expansion team, and the Twins were formed when the Washington Senators relocated to Minnesota. The Twins have won 10 division titles (1969, 1970, 1987, 1991, 2002–04, 2006, 2009, and 2010), three American League Pennants (1965, 1987 and 1991) and the World Series in 1987 and 1991. The Twins have played at Target Field since 2010. The Vikings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191403",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nviewers). The Vikings beat the New York Giants, 44–7, in Week 17 to help the team clinch the second seed in the conference and a first round-bye with an Eagles loss later that same day. The Vikings ended the regular season with a 12–4 record, their best record since 2000 and the first 11-plus win season since their record-setting 1998 campaign. The Vikings played the Dallas Cowboys in the divisional round on January 17, 2010, and won the game by a score of 34–3, advancing the Vikings to the NFC Championship game, the ninth in franchise history. This would also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191429",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nVikings wore all-purple intentionally. Three years later, the Vikings played the November 7, 2010 home game against the Arizona Cardinals in the all-purple uniform. The NFL introduced \"\"Color Rush\"\" uniforms for all 32 teams in the 2016 season, specifically for \"\"Thursday Night Football\"\" games. The Vikings had an all-purple uniform with gold numbers and stripes on the pants, which made its only appearance in Week 13 at home to the Dallas Cowboys. After several failed attempts at developing an official team-owned mascot, the Vikings finally introduced Viktor the Viking during the 2007 Vikings' season. Team officials had long indicated that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11349631",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nvictories after a season-opening loss to the New York Giants, which was the longest single-season winning streak in 35 years. The Vikings defeated the Cleveland Browns 27–7 in the last pre-merger NFL Championship Game on January 4, 1970, at Metropolitan Stadium. The Vikings became the first modern NFL expansion team to win an NFL Championship Game, and earned a berth in Super Bowl IV; however, the heavily favored Vikings lost that game to the Kansas City Chiefs, 23–7. The team MVP that season was Joe Kapp, who threw for seven touchdowns against the Baltimore Colts – still an all-time NFL",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191400",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nyards and added a touchdown during the game. On January 4, 2009, the Vikings hosted the Philadelphia Eagles for the Wild Card round, their first home playoff game in eight years. The Eagles led the Viking 16–14 at halftime and, coming off a 44–6 victory over the Dallas Cowboys, went on to defeat the Vikings 26–14. The Eagles would go on to defeat the defending Super Bowl champion New York Giants in the Divisional round, only to lose to the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game. Since 2006, the Vikings have been known especially for their strong run defense",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11349635",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nin franchise history, Super Bowl VIII, against the Miami Dolphins at Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas; however, the Dolphins prevailed, 24–7. The Vikings won the Central Division again in 1974 with a 10–4 record. In the playoffs they built on their cold weather reputation, defeating both the St. Louis Cardinals and the Los Angeles Rams in frozen Metropolitan Stadium. The Vikings played in their second straight Super Bowl, Super Bowl IX (3rd overall), losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers, 16–6, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans on January 12, 1975. Led by Tarkenton and running back Chuck Foreman, the 1975 Vikings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191433",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nthe Minnesota Vikings. It was introduced around the time the team was founded in 1961. It is always played whenever the team scores a touchdown, field goal or safety, at the end of each half, and upon victory. The song \"\"Purple and Gold\"\" was recorded in 2010 by Minneapolis native Prince to be used as a fight song for the Minnesota Vikings. Due to geographic and cultural proximity, the Vikings' foremost rival is the Green Bay Packers. Some sources cite this rivalry as the biggest overall in the NFC North apart from the Packers-Bears rivalry (which dates back several more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20930145",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Minnesota Vikings season\"\n2017 Minnesota Vikings season The 2017 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 57th in the National Football League, and their fourth under head coach Mike Zimmer. With the team's home stadium, U.S. Bank Stadium, scheduled to host Super Bowl LII at the end of the season, the Vikings attempted to make history as the first team to play the Super Bowl on their home field; in recording their best regular season record since 1998, they clinched a first-round bye for the first time since 2009 and became the eighth team in the Super Bowl era to qualify for the playoffs in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767152",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nof the Super Bowl, while the Jaguars (1995) and Texans (2002) are both recent NFL expansion teams. (Detroit, Houston, and Jacksonville, however, have hosted a Super Bowl, leaving the Browns the only team to date who has neither played in nor whose city has hosted the game.) The Minnesota Vikings won the last NFL Championship before the merger but lost to the AFL champion Kansas City Chiefs in Super Bowl IV. The Green Bay Packers won the first two Super Bowls (Known as the AFL-NFL World Championship Game for these first two contests), defeating the Kansas City Chiefs and Oakland",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13876982",
"chunk_text": "\"U.S. Bank Stadium\"\ngame, on January 14, 2018, as the Vikings hosted the New Orleans Saints. The Vikings won the game 29-24 on a last second 61-yard catch by wide receiver Stefon Diggs, in a play that became known as the Minneapolis Miracle. The Vikings then advanced to the NFC Championship game against the Philadelphia Eagles in Philadelphia’s Lincoln Financial Field, where the Vikings lost 38-7, costing the Vikings the chance to become the first NFL team to play a Super Bowl in its own home stadium. Super Bowl LII was played at the stadium on February 4, 2018 between the Philadelphia Eagles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20170359",
"chunk_text": "\"Minneapolis–Saint Paul\"\nmore than fifty years. The Twin Cities is one of thirteen American metropolitan areas to have teams in all four major professional sports — Baseball (MLB), Football (NFL), Basketball (NBA) and Ice Hockey (NHL). Including Major League Soccer (MLS), it is one of ten metro areas to have five major sports. To avoid favoring either of the Twin Cities, most teams based in the area use only the word Minnesota in their name, rather than Minneapolis or St. Paul. Minneapolis was the site of two Super Bowls - Super Bowl XXVI in 1992 and Super Bowl LII in 2018. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191424",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nto the uniform design throughout the years, such as changing the color of the face mask from gray to white in 1980, and then to purple in 1985. In addition, the Norseman logo was to the sleeves in 1996, and the purple jersey stripes were toned down with that change; the \"\"TV numbers\"\", previously located on the jersey sleeves, moved up to the shoulders as well that year. The Vikings continued to wear black shoes until Les Steckel became head coach in 1984; they were the last NFL team to make the change from black to white shoes. In 2006,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191430",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nthey were after a mascot concept that would primarily appeal to the team's younger fan base. Viktor the Viking, a muscle-bound, blond-haired and mustachioed character, wears a Vikings' #1 jersey and an oversized Vikings helmet with protruding horns and a small yellow nose guard. From 1970 to 1992, Hub Meeds dressed as a Viking and served as the team mascot. Meeds asked to become the mascot after being accidentally let onto the field by security during Super Bowl IV. From 1994 to 2015, the team mascot was Ragnar (played by Joseph Juranitch) and was based on the legendary Viking Ragnar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20930150",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Minnesota Vikings season\"\nBowl due to injury, replaced by Thomas Davis and Michael Bennett respectively. Source: Minnesota Vikings' official website Source: NFL.com. 2017 Minnesota Vikings season The 2017 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 57th in the National Football League, and their fourth under head coach Mike Zimmer. With the team's home stadium, U.S. Bank Stadium, scheduled to host Super Bowl LII at the end of the season, the Vikings attempted to make history as the first team to play the Super Bowl on their home field; in recording their best regular season record since 1998, they clinched a first-round bye for the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1953335",
"chunk_text": "\"Minneapolis Miracle\"\nMinneapolis Miracle The Minneapolis Miracle (also known as the Minnesota Miracle) was the National Football Conference (NFC) divisional playoff game between the Minnesota Vikings and the New Orleans Saints on January 14, 2018, and specifically its final play. The game was played as part of the National Football League (NFL)'s 2017–18 playoffs. The Saints came back from a 17–0 first-half deficit and established a 24–23 lead with 25 seconds remaining in the contest. On the last play of the game, Vikings quarterback Case Keenum threw a 27-yard pass to wide receiver Stefon Diggs, who evaded Saints safety Marcus Williams and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191425",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nthe team returned to black shoes for first time since the 1983 season. The Vikings tweaked their Norseman logo, which involved updating the shading, altering the shape and base of the horns, thickening the mustache and face, making the gold tones brighter, and shortening the braid. The new logo was unveiled on February 14, 2013. On March 28, the team reported that new uniforms will be unveiled on April 25. On April 25, 2013, the Minnesota Vikings unveiled the club's new uniforms during its annual NFL Draft party. From 1969 through 1973, the Vikings had an alternate purple jersey without",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191392",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nand an appearance in the NFC Championship game, where they were defeated 41-0 by the New York Giants. The following season, they struggled by posting a 5–11 record in 2001. The team would make the playoffs again in 2004, but would not win a divisional title again until 2008. Since the merger, the 2000s became the decade with the fewest playoff berths for the franchise. In 2000, the Vikings went 11–5. The Vikings were 11–2 after 14 weeks, but slumped briefly, losing their last three to the Rams, Packers and Colts while starting quarterback Daunte Culpepper was hampered by injury.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10279221",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Minnesota Vikings\"\nBowl in franchise history, Super Bowl VIII, against the Miami Dolphins at Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas. The Dolphins prevailed 24–7. The Vikings won the Central Division again in 1974 with a 10–4 record. In the playoffs, they built on their cold weather reputation, defeating both the St. Louis Cardinals and the Los Angeles Rams in frozen Metropolitan Stadium. On January 12, 1975, The Vikings played in their second straight Super Bowl, Super Bowl IX (3rd overall), losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers, 16–6, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans. In 1975, Mike Lynn, who had been hired the previous year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11349652",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nfrom 1989 to 1991. In his 10 seasons as the coach of the Vikings, Green won four NFC Central division titles, had eight playoff appearances, two NFC Championship Game appearances and an all-time record of 97–62. The Vikings therefore had the fifth highest winning percentage among all NFL teams during the regular season in the 1990s. 1998 was a year to remember for the franchise. With a spectacular offense led by quarterback Randall Cunningham (who replaced an injured Brad Johnson), running back Robert Smith, veteran wide receiver Cris Carter, and explosive rookie Randy Moss, the Vikings set a then-NFL record",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191401",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\n(#1 in the NFL in 2006, 2007, and 2008; they are the first NFL team to accomplish this since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970), anchored by the Williams Wall consisting of defensive tackle Kevin Williams and nose tackle Pat Williams (no relation). With the addition of sack-leader Jared Allen in 2008, the dominant front four began being called by several nicknames, including \"\"Thunder and Plunder\"\" and \"\"Shock and AWE\"\" (an acronym of their surname initials). On August 18, 2009, after months of speculation and negotiations, twice-retired veteran quarterback Brett Favre, who until 2007 had played 16 years for division archrival",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1810412",
"chunk_text": "Minneapolis\nplayed in the Super Bowl following the 1969, 1973, 1974, and 1976 seasons (Super Bowl IV, Super Bowl VIII, Super Bowl IX and Super Bowl XI, respectively), losing all four games. The Minnesota Wild of the NHL play in St. Paul at the Xcel Energy Center. The MLS soccer team Minnesota United FC played the 2017 and 2018 seasons at the University of Minnesota's TCF Bank Stadium, and relocated to Allianz Field in St. Paul. Other professional teams have played in Minneapolis in the past: First playing in 1884, the Minneapolis Millers baseball team produced the best won-lost record in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191384",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nDivisional Playoff game, they beat the 13–2 San Francisco 49ers 36–24 at Candlestick Park. During that game, Anthony Carter set the all-time record for most receiving yards in a playoff game with 227 yards. The Vikings played the Washington Redskins in the NFC Championship Game on January 17, 1988, at RFK Stadium. Trailing 17–10, the Vikings drove to the Redskins' 6-yard line with a little over a minute left in the game, but failed to get the ball into the end zone. The Vikings' hopes of a Super Bowl ended when Darrin Nelson dropped a pass from Wade Wilson on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5220116",
"chunk_text": "\"Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome\"\nOn December 29, 2013, the Vikings played their final game at the Metrodome, a 14-13 victory over the Detroit Lions. The team's all-time record at the dome was 162-88 in the regular season and 6-4 in playoff games. They finished with a perfect record at the dome against the Arizona Cardinals (8-0), Baltimore Ravens (1-0), Cincinnati Bengals (4-0), and Houston Texans (1-0), but with a winless record there against the New York Jets (0-3). NFL owners voted during their May 24, 1989 meeting to award Super Bowl XXVI to Minneapolis over Indianapolis, Pontiac and Seattle.. The game on January 26,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191431",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nLodbrok. Juranitch admits to being somewhat of an eccentric—he holds the current world record for fastest time shaving a beard with an axe, but hasn't shaved his beard since he won the Ragnar job among 3,000 applicants. Ragnar drove onto the field at the beginning of a game dressed in Viking garb, on a motorcycle, while a cheerleader used to ride a snowmobile. Although never one to shy away from confrontations with opposing players, notably Chad \"\"Ochocinco\"\" Johnson, he had a soft spot for Brett Favre while the quarterback started for the rival Green Bay Packers. In 2015, the Vikings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1572864",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl curse\"\n1998 Miami Dolphins, the 2016 Houston Texans, and the 2017 Minnesota Vikings, the Vikings being the first to qualify for their conference's title game. From 1966–2011 (excluding the six Super Bowl games held in a stadium without a professional team), the Super Bowl host team has had 11 winning seasons, four split seasons, and 25 losing seasons. Mathematically, the probability of that many losing seasons or more occurring by chance (assuming a 50 percent chance of having a losing season (disregarding .500 seasons)) is 7.69 percent. It should be noted, however, that the Super Bowl host stadium is selected several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191427",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nan assistant coach who died during the season. In 1985 the team wore a 25 years patch on their jerseys. In 1989, they wore a \"\"40 for 60\"\" patch honoring the 1969 NFL championship team. They wore a 35 years patch in 1995, 40 years in 2000 and 45 years in 2005. They also wore patches in 1999 for assistant coach Chip Myers who died in the offseason and in 2001 for Korey Stringer. The Vikings, like other teams, wore NFL 50th and 75th anniversary patches in 1969 and 1994. In the 1960s the Vikings wore purple pants with road",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3387758",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\n480 points, coming within four points of matching the franchise's worst set in 1984. This was also the last season played at the Metrodome as a new stadium deal was reached. Leslie Frazier was fired after the regular season ended. The team hired former Cincinnati Bengals defensive coordinator Mike Zimmer to replace Leslie Frazier as head coach on January 16, 2014. Former Cleveland Browns offensive coordinator Norv Turner replaced Bill Musgrave, and George Edwards replaced Alan Williams as defensive coordinator. In the 2014 NFL Draft, the Vikings selected Anthony Barr, a linebacker out of UCLA, and Teddy Bridgewater, a quarterback",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14215430",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XI\"\nSuper Bowl XI Super Bowl XI was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Minnesota Vikings to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for its 1976 season. The Raiders defeated the Vikings by the score of 32–14 to win their first Super Bowl. The game was played on January 9, 1977, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. This remains the Super Bowl scheduled earliest during the calendar year. This was the Raiders’ second Super Bowl appearance after losing Super Bowl II. They posted a 13–1",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191428",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nwhite jerseys. On October 11, 1964 the Vikings played the Detroit Lions at Metropolitan Stadium and the Lions mistakenly only brought their white jerseys to Minnesota. Both teams started the game in white, but by the second quarter the Vikings were able to obtain their purple tops. The Vikings changed jerseys on the sidelines during the 2nd quarter, finishing the game in purple jerseys and purple pants. It wasn't until 43 years later, on December 17, 2007 (a Monday Night Football game versus the Chicago Bears) that the Vikings again donned both purple jerseys and purple pants—the first time the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8810194",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl VIII\"\nSuper Bowl VIII Super Bowl VIII was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Minnesota Vikings and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Miami Dolphins to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1973 season. The Dolphins defeated the Vikings by the score of 24–7 to win their second consecutive Super Bowl, the first team to do so since the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowls I and II, and the first AFL/AFC team to do so. The game was played on January 13, 1974 at Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas. This was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191423",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\ngold trim, and either purple or white jerseys. From 1962 to 1964, the Vikings wore purple pants with their white jerseys (The Vikings, with their new uniform, still wear, on occasion, purple pants with yellow and white trim). In a design that was unique among American football teams, the white jerseys had a completely different stripe pattern, which was over the shoulders, than the purple ones, which was around the sleeve cuff. These unique shoulder stripes on the white jerseys did not appear until 1969, the year they went to their first Super Bowl. There have also been minor changes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16032894",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII\"\nSuper Bowl LII Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15165335",
"chunk_text": "Minnesota\nespecially in the Lake region. In the North Country, what had been an industrial area focused on mining and timber has largely been transformed into a vacation destination. Popular interest in the environment and environmentalism, added to traditional interests in hunting and fishing, has attracted a large urban audience within driving range. Minnesota has professional men's teams in all major sports. The Minnesota Vikings have played in the National Football League since their admission as an expansion franchise in 1961. They played in Metropolitan Stadium from 1961 through 1981 and in the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome from 1982 until its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10114253",
"chunk_text": "\"Minneapolis Miracle\"\nSaints faced off once again at U.S. Bank Stadium during the 2018 season, in what was billed as a \"\"rematch\"\" of the Minneapolis Miracle game. The Saints won the game, 30–20. The starting lineups for the game were: The officials for the game were: Minneapolis Miracle The Minneapolis Miracle (also known as the Minnesota Miracle) was the National Football Conference (NFC) divisional playoff game between the Minnesota Vikings and the New Orleans Saints on January 14, 2018, and specifically its final play. The game was played as part of the National Football League (NFL)'s 2017–18 playoffs. The Saints came back",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5223980",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Minnesota Vikings\"\nDallas for pass interference. Afterwards, angry fans pelted the field with snowballs and one referee was struck in the head with a beer bottle, mimicking an incident two weeks earlier during the regular season finale in Buffalo where Foreman was hit in the eye with a snowball. The Vikings finished 11–2–1 in 1976, winning their division once again and beating Washington at home, 35–20. They then won the NFC Championship in the last playoff game at Metropolitan Stadium over the Los Angeles Rams, 24–13, to advance to their third Super Bowl in four years. However, a championship continued to elude",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191426",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\nstripes for warm-weather games. The team's uniforms were redesigned in 2006, the first significant change in the franchise's 46-year history. Although the team colors remained the same, trim lines were added to the outside shoulders and sleeves, and the sides of the jerseys and pants. In addition the horn on the helmet was slightly more defined. Included in the new design are both white and purple pants, the purple pants have not been regularly used since 2007, but resurfaced twice in 2010. The team wore black armbands for the last four games in 1978 in memory of Jack \"\"Jocko\"\" Nelson,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5223990",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Minnesota Vikings\"\nyards in a playoff game with 227 yards. The Vikings played the Washington Redskins in the NFC Championship Game on January 17, 1988, at RFK Stadium. Trailing 17–10, the Vikings drove to the Redskins 6-yard line with a little over a minute left in the game but failed to get the ball into the end zone. Running back Darrin Nelson dropped a pass from Wade Wilson at the goal line to officially end the Vikings' hopes of a Super Bowl. Nelson would later be traded to the Dallas Cowboys in possibly the worst trade in NFL history, the Herschel Walker",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10279216",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Minnesota Vikings\"\nMemorial Stadium. That game also saw a then-record home crowd of 60,740. The Vikings defeated the Cleveland Browns 27–7 in the NFL Championship Game on January 4, 1970, at Metropolitan Stadium. Minnesota became the first modern NFL expansion team to win an NFL Championship Game, which earned the team a berth in Super Bowl IV. The heavily favored Vikings lost that game to the Kansas City Chiefs, 23–7, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans. The team continued to shine in 1970 and 1971 as their \"\"Purple People Eater\"\" defense led them back to the playoffs. In 1971, the defense was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15191437",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnesota Vikings\"\ngroup of 50 top players on December 19, 2010. Offense Defense Special teams Head Coach The Vikings' flagship radio station is KFXN-FM (100.3), which uses the branding \"\"KFAN\"\" based on its former calls on 1130 AM before a format flip between the AM and FM stations before the 2011 season; 1130 AM also continues to broadcast game play-by-play as KTLK. The games are also heard on the \"\"KFAN Radio Network\"\" in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, South Dakota, and North Dakota, as well as many other outlets. Paul Allen has been the play-by-play announcer since the 2002 NFL season with Pete Bercich",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "927412",
"chunk_text": "\"Sports in Minneapolis–Saint Paul\"\n(1965, 1987 and 1991) and the World Series in 1987 and 1991. The Twins moved to Target Field in Minneapolis in 2010. The Vikings have played in four Super Bowls - Super Bowl IV in 1970, Super Bowl VIII in 1974, Super Bowl IX in 1975 and Super Bowl XI in 1977. They moved into U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis in 2016. The Minnesota Timberwolves brought NBA basketball back to Minneapolis in 1989 after a 29-year absence. The Minneapolis Lakers moved to Los Angeles in 1960. The Timberwolves play in the Target Center. Women's basketball was added in 1999 with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_497
|
who has won 2017 women's singles korean open series badminton championship?
|
n/a
|
[
"P. V. Sindhu"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14910053",
"chunk_text": "\"Lee So-hee\"\nof badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Lee So-hee Lee So-hee (Hangul: 이소희; ; born 14 June 1994) is a South Korean badminton player. In 2017, she won the women's doubles title at the All England Open tournament. She also helped the Korean national team to win the world team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14910051",
"chunk_text": "\"Lee So-hee\"\nLee So-hee Lee So-hee (Hangul: 이소희; ; born 14 June 1994) is a South Korean badminton player. In 2017, she won the women's doubles title at the All England Open tournament. She also helped the Korean national team to win the world team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3797524",
"chunk_text": "\"Nozomi Okuhara\"\nwon the prestigious All England Open After defeating Wang Shixian in the Final with score 21–11, 16–21, 21–19. and thereby became the first Japanese women's singles player to lift this title in the past 39 years. She also won the bronze medal at the 2016 Rio Olympics. She lost to P.V. Sindhu in the semi-finals, but won the bronze medal against Li Xuerui of China in a walkover. At the 2017 BWF World Championships in Glasgow, Scotland, Okuhara reached the finals after back-to-back wins against both finalists from the 2015 BWF World Championships, Carolina Marín of Spain and Saina Nehwal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18930548",
"chunk_text": "\"Cai Yanyan\"\ntwo levels: Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Cai Yanyan Cai Yanyan (, born 15 November 1999) is a Chinese badminton player. In 2017, she won her first international title at the China International tournament in the women's singles event. \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7161419",
"chunk_text": "\"Nozomi Okuhara\"\nand Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Women's Singles results against World Superseries finalists, World Championships semifinalists, and Olympic quarterfinalists, as well as all Olympic opponents. \"\"Last revised: 20 December 2018\"\" Nozomi Okuhara She became the 2017 world champion in Glasgow, Scotland after defeating India's P. V. Sindhu in the finals. In 2011, the then 16-year-old Nozomi Okuhara became the youngest women's singles champion ever at the All Japan Badminton Championships, which are the Japanese National Badminton Championships. She won a BWF World junior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7242087",
"chunk_text": "\"Ryu So-yeon\"\nRyu So-yeon Ryu So-yeon (Korean 유소연, RR \"\"Ryu So-yeon\"\", MR \"\"Ryu Soyŏn\"\", ; born 29 June 1990), also known as So Yeon Ryu, is a South Korean professional golfer who plays on the LPGA Tour and on the LPGA of Korea Tour. She is a two-time major winner having won the 2011 U.S. Women's Open and the 2017 ANA Inspiration. On 26 June 2017, she became just the 11th No. 1-ranked golfer in the Rolex Rankings by virtue of winning her 5th LPGA Tour title at the Walmart NW Arkansas Championship. Ryu turned professional in 2007 at age 17. Her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11465319",
"chunk_text": "\"Chae Yoo-jung\"\nChae Yoo-jung Chae Yoo-jung (, Hanja: 蔡侑玎, born 9 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player. She is the daughter of former singles player Kim Bok-sun. Chae was a part of the Korean national team that won the world team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup. \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20872422",
"chunk_text": "\"Ryu So-yeon\"\nPosition in Women's World Golf Rankings at the end of each calendar year. Professional Ryu So-yeon Ryu So-yeon (Korean 유소연, RR \"\"Ryu So-yeon\"\", MR \"\"Ryu Soyŏn\"\", ; born 29 June 1990), also known as So Yeon Ryu, is a South Korean professional golfer who plays on the LPGA Tour and on the LPGA of Korea Tour. She is a two-time major winner having won the 2011 U.S. Women's Open and the 2017 ANA Inspiration. On 26 June 2017, she became just the 11th No. 1-ranked golfer in the Rolex Rankings by virtue of winning her 5th LPGA Tour title at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18930547",
"chunk_text": "\"Cai Yanyan\"\nCai Yanyan Cai Yanyan (, born 15 November 1999) is a Chinese badminton player. In 2017, she won her first international title at the China International tournament in the women's singles event. \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Women's singles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18961204",
"chunk_text": "\"Miu Hirano\"\nFeng Tianwei in the semi-final and Cheng I-ching in the final. This marks the youngest women's World Cup Champion and the first non-Chinese player to win the title. On 22 January 2017, she won All Japan Championships by defeating Kasumi Ishikawa 4-2 in the final at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium. On 14 April 2017, she defeated the world ranked No.1 player Ding Ning at the 2017 ITTF Asian Table Tennis Championships. The following day of the tournament, she defeated the world ranked No.2 player Zhu Yuling in the Semifinals and Chen Meng world ranked No.5 in the Finals, where she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16392071",
"chunk_text": "\"Carolina Marín\"\nwould not be participating in the season ending Dubai World Superseries Finals. On 29 April 2018 She won her fourth consecutive European Championships title in a row at the Huelva 2018 European Championships hosted at Huelva, Spain. By beating Evgeniya Kosetskaya with Score 21-15, 21-7 On 5 August 2018, she won the title in the Badminton World Championships by defeating P. V. Sindhu of India in two sets with 21-19, 21-10 making her the first female badminton player in history to win three World Championship titles. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3797525",
"chunk_text": "\"Nozomi Okuhara\"\nof India. In a hard-fought final, featuring the longest match of the entire tournament, Okuhara then defeated P. V. Sindhu, winning by 21–19, 20–22, 22–20 in almost 2 hours. At the 2018 BWF World Tour Finals in Tianhe, Guangzhou, China, Okuhara reached the finals but lost in straight sets 19-21, 17-21 to Pusarla V Sindhu of India. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Girls' singles\"\" \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13843238",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Hye-rin\"\nKim Hye-rin Kim Hye-rin (Hangul: 김혜린; born 19 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player. In 2013, she won the mixed doubles title at the Romanian International tournament partnered with Choi Sol-kyu. In 2017, she won the silver medal at the Asia Championships in the women's doubles event. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" The BWF Superseries, launched on 14 December 2006 and implemented in 2007, is a series of elite badminton tournaments sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation (BWF). It has two levels, the Superseries and Superseries Premier. A season of Superseries features twelve tournaments around the world, which were introduced in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4405943",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Ha-na\"\nPremier. A season of Superseries features twelve tournaments around the world, which introduced since 2011, with successful players invited to the Superseries Finals held at the year end. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two levels: Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Kim Ha-na Kim Ha-na ( or ; born 27 December 1989) is a South Korean badminton player. She has won her first title at the India Open in the women's doubles event in April 2012. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1674734",
"chunk_text": "\"Sung Ji-hyun\"\n2014 Badminton Asia Championships, she became the first South Korean in 10 years to win the title, beating 1st seeded Wang Shixian 21-19, 21-15. In 2014 Chinese Taipei Open Grand Prix Gold, she won 21–13, 21–18 against Liu Xin. She qualified for the Dubai 2014 BWF Super Series Masters Finals and lost to Tai Tzu-ying in the final, 17-21, 12-21 She won the 2015 German Open Grand Prix Gold beating Carolina Marin 21-15, 14-21, 21-6. In 2017, she helped the South Korean national team to win the world team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4405941",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Ha-na\"\nKim Ha-na Kim Ha-na ( or ; born 27 December 1989) is a South Korean badminton player. She has won her first title at the India Open in the women's doubles event in April 2012. She competed at the 2014 Asian Games. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, Kim and her partner Jung Kyung-eun, along with Ha Jung-eun, Kim Min-jung, Wang Xiaoli, Yu Yang, Meiliana Jauhari and Greysia Polii were disqualified from the competition because their efforts were not focused on winning their matches, and their conduct was in a way that was harmful and violent to the sport. They were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7925930",
"chunk_text": "\"Carolina Marín\"\n2011, with successful players invited to the Superseries Finals held at the year end. \"\"Women's singles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two level such as Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Women's Singles results against World Superseries finalists, World Championships semifinalists, and Olympic quarterfinalists, as well as all Olympic opponents. \"\"Last revised: 16 December 2018\"\" Carolina Marín Carolina María Marín Martín (born 15 June 1993) is a Spanish professional badminton player. She is the reigning Olympic Champion, three-time World Champion, four-time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16392070",
"chunk_text": "\"Carolina Marín\"\nRio, Brazil with a score of 19–21, 21–12, 21–15. An indoor arena in Huelva is named after her honour, with Marín herself attending the inauguration. In 2017, Carolina Marín won the Japan Open Superseries title after beating He Bingjiao of China in the final, winning a superseries title after almost two years. In the Yonex Sunrise Hong Kong Open, which took place late November 2017, Carolina Marín retired to Michelle Li, losing 21–19, 13–21, 8–11, due to a hip injury that she sustained during the match. Marín later announced on Twitter and Instagram that, due to her hip injury, she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1915701",
"chunk_text": "\"Jung Kyung-eun\"\nand Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Women's doubles results with Kim Ha-na against Super Series finalists, World Championships semifinalists, and Olympic quarterfinalists. Jung Kyung-eun Jung Kyung-eun (Hangul: 정경은; or ; born 20 March 1990) is a professional badminton player from South Korea. She was the 2016 Summer Olympics bronze medalist in the women's doubles event. Jung Kyung-eun began her career competing in singles, but now concentrates on doubles. She has attained the most success with her women's doubles partner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18299580",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Ji-hyun (badminton)\"\nKim Ji-hyun (badminton) Kim Ji-hyun (; born 10 September 1974) is a former South Korean badminton player. She participated at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics in the women's singles event. Kim who affiliated with the Samsung Electro-Mechanics team, won the women's singles title at the National Championships tournament in 1997 and 1998. She announced her retirement from the international tournament after the 2001 Korea Open. She is now work as a national badminton coach. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) since 1983. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18299581",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Ji-hyun (badminton)\"\nKim Ji-hyun (badminton) Kim Ji-hyun (; born 10 September 1974) is a former South Korean badminton player. She participated at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics in the women's singles event. Kim who affiliated with the Samsung Electro-Mechanics team, won the women's singles title at the National Championships tournament in 1997 and 1998. She announced her retirement from the international tournament after the 2001 Korea Open. She is now work as a national badminton coach. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) since 1983. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4820423",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Korea Open\"\n2017 Korea Open The 2017 Korea Open (also known as the 2017 KEB Hana Bank-Incheon Airport Korea Open for sponsorship purposes) was a women's professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 14th edition of the tournament, and part of the 2017 WTA Tour. It took place in Seoul, South Korea between 18 and 24 September 2017. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry using a protected ranking into the singles main draw: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following pair received a wildcard into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7925918",
"chunk_text": "\"Carolina Marín\"\nCarolina Marín Carolina María Marín Martín (born 15 June 1993) is a Spanish professional badminton player. She is the reigning Olympic Champion, three-time World Champion, four-time European Champion and a former World's No. 1 in BWF rankings for the women's singles. She has become the World Champion in women's singles three times, winning in 2014, 2015 and 2018. She won her first Olympics gold medal in women's singles at the 2016 Rio Olympics. In June 2017, she was appointed as the Brand ambassador of Meliá Hotels International. She was also appointed the brand ambassador of football major LaLiga for its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3797522",
"chunk_text": "\"Nozomi Okuhara\"\nNozomi Okuhara She became the 2017 world champion in Glasgow, Scotland after defeating India's P. V. Sindhu in the finals. In 2011, the then 16-year-old Nozomi Okuhara became the youngest women's singles champion ever at the All Japan Badminton Championships, which are the Japanese National Badminton Championships. She won a BWF World junior title in the girls' singles event at the 2012 BWF World Junior Championships after reaching the semi-finals, having won bronze one year earlier at the 2011 BWF World Junior Championships. She was a runner-up at the 2012 Asian Junior Badminton Championships. Also in 2012, she won her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9447464",
"chunk_text": "\"Natsuki Nidaira\"\nthe 2015 and 2016 Asian Junior Championships. Nidaira made a debut in the senior event in 2015, and at the 2016 Korea Masters, a Grand Prix Gold tournament, she finished in the semifinals round, lose to host player Lee Jang-mi in the straight games. In 2017, she was the runner-up at the Smiling Fish International tournament in Thailand, and won her first senior international title at the Yonex / K&D Graphics International in the United States. \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11645001",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 ITTF Women's World Cup\"\n2017 ITTF Women's World Cup The 2017 ITTF Women's World Cup was a table tennis competition held in Markham, Ontario, from 27 to 29 October 2017. It was the 21st edition of the ITTF-sanctioned event, and the first time that it had been staged in Canada. In the final, China's Zhu Yuling defeated fellow Chinese player Liu Shiwen, 4–3, to win her first World Cup title. The following list of players was confirmed on 2 October 2017, based on the qualification system set by the ITTF. The tournament consisted of two stages: a preliminary group stage and a knockout stage.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5391501",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Hye-rin\"\n2011, with successful players invited to the Superseries Finals held at the year's end. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two levels: Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Kim Hye-rin Kim Hye-rin (Hangul: 김혜린; born 19 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player. In 2013, she won the mixed doubles title at the Romanian International tournament partnered with Choi Sol-kyu. In 2017, she won the silver medal at the Asia Championships in the women's doubles event. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18742852",
"chunk_text": "\"Lee Yun-hwa\"\nGrand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Lee Yun-hwa Lee Yun-hwa (; born 14 November 1985) is a South Korean badminton player. Borned in Wonju, Gangwon province, Lee started playing badminton at aged nine. She educated at the Bukwon girls' middle school, after that in Yubong girls' high school. Lee joined the national team when she was 15 and trained at the Taeneung national training center. In the junior event, she competed at the Asian Junior Championships, winning a gold medal in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20933423",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Hye-jeong\"\nbadminton coach. \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" Kim Hye-jeong Kim Hye-jeong (Hangul: 김혜정; born 3 January 1998) is a South Korean badminton player. She has shown her potential as a badminton player since she was young. Kim entered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17429454",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Women's British Open\"\n6. The top five on the current LPGA of Japan Tour (JLPGA) money list not exempt under (1), (2), (3), or (14) as of 4 July. Kotone Hori, Fumika Kawagishi, Lee Min-young, Yukari Nishiyama, Ai Suzuki 7. The top two on the current LPGA of Korea Tour (KLPGA) money list not exempt under (1), (2), (3), or (6) as of 4 July. 8. Winners of any recognised LET or LPGA Tour events in the calendar year 2017. Atthaya Thitikul (a) 9. Winners of the 2016 LET, LPGA, JLPGA and KLPGA money lists. 10. The top 30 in the Women's World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4820424",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Korea Open\"\ndoubles main draw: 2017 Korea Open The 2017 Korea Open (also known as the 2017 KEB Hana Bank-Incheon Airport Korea Open for sponsorship purposes) was a women's professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 14th edition of the tournament, and part of the 2017 WTA Tour. It took place in Seoul, South Korea between 18 and 24 September 2017. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry using a protected ranking into the singles main draw: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following pair received a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5127148",
"chunk_text": "\"Bae Seung-hee\"\nFederation (BWF) since 2007. The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) since 1983. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" Bae Seung-hee Bae Seung-hee (; born 20 September 1983) is a badminton player from South Korea. She is best remembered for her role in South Korea's first ever Uber Cup victory in 2010. Bae was on the South Korean national team shortly after graduating from junior eligibility but from age 19 to 25, she played only for her domestic team Korea Ginseng Corporation, and competed overseas only twice between April 2003 and November 2008. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1113452",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Yun-ja\"\nKim Yun-ja Kim Yun-ja (Hangul: 김연자, Hanja: 金練子, born May 15, 1963) is a retired female badminton player from South Korea. She is the last player to win All England Open titles in both singles and doubles. In 1989, Kim married Sung Han-kook, a fellow world-class player who later went on to become the national team head coach. Sung and Kim's daughter Sung Ji-hyun is also a badminton player. She won two World Championship bronze medals in women's doubles, one at the 1985 IBF World Championships with Yoo Sang-hee, and another at the 1987 IBF World Championships with Chung So-young.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1113453",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Yun-ja\"\nKim Yun-ja Kim Yun-ja (Hangul: 김연자, Hanja: 金練子, born May 15, 1963) is a retired female badminton player from South Korea. She is the last player to win All England Open titles in both singles and doubles. In 1989, Kim married Sung Han-kook, a fellow world-class player who later went on to become the national team head coach. Sung and Kim's daughter Sung Ji-hyun is also a badminton player. She won two World Championship bronze medals in women's doubles, one at the 1985 IBF World Championships with Yoo Sang-hee, and another at the 1987 IBF World Championships with Chung So-young.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7697723",
"chunk_text": "\"Lee Yu-rim\"\n2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two levels: Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Lee Yu-rim Lee Yu-rim (Hangul: 이유림; born 27 January 2000) is a South Korean badminton player who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15499434",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Ga-eun (badminton)\"\nTour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Kim Ga-eun (badminton) Kim Ga-eun (Hangul: 김가은; born 7 February 1998) is a South Korean badminton player. She competed and at the Summer Youth Olympics in 2014, in Nanjing, China and in 2016, Kim was selected to join the Korean national team. \"\"Girls' singles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15247856",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Australian Open Series\"\nsets. With the win, Federer became the first male player to win at least five titles at three Grand Slam tournaments (five at the Australian Open, seven at Wimbledon and five at the US Open). This was the first Grand Slam tournament in which Andy Murray started as World No. 1 and top seed. Murray retained the top ranking despite losing to Mischa Zverev in the fourth round Angelique Kerber was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to Coco Vandeweghe. Serena Williams won the title, her 7th Australian title overall and first Australian Open where she did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18455604",
"chunk_text": "\"Chen Yufei\"\nWorld Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided into six levels, namely World Tour Finals, Super 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Women's singles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two level such as Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" Chen Yufei Chen Yufei (; born 1 March 1998) is a Chinese badminton player. In 2016, she won the girls' singles junior titles at the Asia Junior Championships",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18507696",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim So-yeong\"\nKim So-yeong Kim So-yeong (Hangul: 김소영; born 9 July 1992) is a South Korean badminton player. Kim who attends the University of Incheon was the triple crowns at the 2013 Summer Universiade, by winning the gold medals in the women's doubles, mixed doubles and team event. She competed at the 2014 Asian Games, clinched the silver medal in the women's team event. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World Tour are divided",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18569372",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship\"\nmoney leaders from the 2017 official LPGA money list, through the close of entries on May 17 13. Winners of LPGA co-sponsored events, whose victories are considered official, from the conclusion of the 2016 U.S. Women's Open to the initiation of the 2017 U.S. Women's Open Katherine Kirk 14. Top five money leaders from the 2016 Japan LPGA Tour, Korea LPGA Tour and Ladies European Tour Beth Allen, Aditi Ashok, Bae Seon-woo (16), Isabelle Boineau, Georgia Hall, Jang Su-yeon, Kim Ha-neul (16,17), Ko Jin-young (16,17), Lee Seung-hyun, Florentyna Parker, Ai Suzuki (16,17) 15. Top three money leaders from the 2016",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15870618",
"chunk_text": "\"Chae Yoo-jung\"\nSuper 1000, Super 750, Super 500, Super 300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super 100. \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two levels: Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" Chae Yoo-jung Chae Yoo-jung (, Hanja: 蔡侑玎, born 9 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player. She is the daughter of former singles player Kim Bok-sun. Chae was a part of the Korean national team that won the world team championships",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17019125",
"chunk_text": "\"Saina Nehwal\"\nvictory in the semifinals against the world no. 2 Wang Yihan by 21–8, 21–12, she won her first title of the year after defeating China's Sun Yu in the final by 11–21, 21–14, 21–19. Making her third appearance at the Olympics, Nehwal, the fifth seed, won her opening match against the unseeded Lohaynny Vicente in straight games. However, she lost her second match against the world no. 61 Marija Ulitina by 18–21, 19–21, thereby making an exit at the group stage. Her coach cited the week-old knee injury for her below par performance. Nehwal entered 2017 with maiden Malaysia open",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11990314",
"chunk_text": "\"Gabby Adcock\"\nof Malaysia in the finals round with the score 25-23, 20-22, and 19-21. Prior to the London Olympics she was paired with Robert Blair and Jenny Wallwork, though both pairs failed to qualify. In 2015, she became the champion in mixed doubles at 2015 BWF Super Series Masters Finals against Korean pair Ko Sung-hyun and Kim Ha-na. In 2016, she competed at the Summer Olympics in mixed doubles event, but did not advance to the knocked out stage. \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Girls' doubles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10949683",
"chunk_text": "\"Korea Open (table tennis)\"\nKorea Open (table tennis) The Korea Open is an annual table tennis tournament in South Korea. It is organised by the Korea Table Tennis Association, under the authority of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), and is currently one of six top-tier Platinum events on the ITTF World Tour. The tournament was first held in 1980, and has featured on the ITTF World Tour's schedule (former ITTF Pro Tour) every year since 2001. China's Xu Xin currently holds the record for most men's singles tournament wins, with three, while Singapore's Feng Tianwei holds the record for most women's singles tournament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1217331",
"chunk_text": "\"Kirsty Gilmour\"\nSabrina Jaquet in straight games. However, she lost her second match against the world No. 28 Linda Zetchiri by 21-12, 17-21, 16-21, thereby making an exit at the group stage. In 2017 she made it back into the final round of the European Badminton Championship in Kolding, Denmark but her pace was stopped by defending champion Carolina Marin with score 14-21, 12-21. Gilmour earned a silver medal. \"\"Women's singles\"\" \"\"Women's singles\"\" The BWF World Tour, announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018, is a series of elite badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). The BWF World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13449064",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Korean Series\"\ninning. Kim Se-hyun earned his second save of the series for the Tigers, pitching the final innings. Game 5 was a rematch of Game 1's starting pitchers, Noesí for Kia and Nippert for Doosan. Lee Bum-ho hit a grand slam for Kia off of Nippert in the third inning. Yang Hyeon-jong earned the save, pitching out of a bases loaded situation in the ninth inning. Kia won their first Korean Series since 2009. Yang won the Korean Series Most Valuable Player Award. 2017 Korean Series The 2017 Korean Series was the championship series of the 2017 KBO League season. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3470166",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 China Open – Women's Singles\"\n2017 China Open – Women's Singles Agnieszka Radwańska was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Daria Kasatkina. Caroline Garcia won the title, defeating Simona Halep in the final, 6–4, 7–6. As a result of Garbiñe Muguruza's retirement in the first round, Halep attained the WTA no. 1 singles ranking at the end of the tournament after having defeated Jeļena Ostapenko in the semifinals. The three Wuhan semifinalists who were accepted into the main draw received a bye into the second round. They were as follows: Maria Sakkari, the fourth Wuhan semifinalist, did not have a ranking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12026404",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Min-jung (badminton)\"\nheld at the year end. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two levels: Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. The World Badminton Grand Prix has been sanctioned by the International Badminton Federation since 1983. \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed doubles\"\" \"\"Women's doubles\"\" \"\"Mixed Doubles\"\" Women's doubles results with Ha Jung-eun against Super Series finalists, Worlds semifinalists, and Olympic quarterfinalists. Kim Min-jung (badminton) Kim Min-jung (born July 29, 1986 in Jeju, South Korea) is a badminton player representing South Korea. Her name is sometimes spelled Kim Min-jeong.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3737392",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Hyo-min\"\nP. V. Sindhu in the final round. \"\"Girls' Doubles\"\" The BWF Grand Prix has two level such as Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It is a series of badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF) since 2007. \"\"Women's Singles\"\" \"\"Women's Singles\"\" Kim Hyo-min Kim Hyo-min (born 8 December 1995 in Ulsan) is a South Korean female badminton player. Although she now specializes in singles, Kim's first big result in a major international junior event came when she and fellow singles specialist Lee Min-ji reached the girls' doubles semi-finals at the 2012 World Junior Championships. The following year, she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8637249",
"chunk_text": "\"Choi Hye-jin\"\nthe 2016 New Zealand Women's Open on the ALPG Tour. Choi won the 2017 Australian Women's Amateur and also won the ChoJung Sparkling Water Yongpyong Resort Open on the 2017 LPGA of Korea Tour. She finished second at the 2017 U.S. Women's Open at the age of seventeen. She was attempting to become the second amateur to win the U.S. Open. She won a second LPGA of Korea Tour event in August 2017, the Bogner-MBN Ladies Open. Choi turned professional in August 2017. Source: Amateur Source: Choi Hye-jin Choi Hye-jin (; born 23 August 1999) is a South Korean professional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_498
|
how many episodes are in season 7 of pretty little liars?
|
n/a
|
[
"20"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267718",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nPretty Little Liars (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show Freeform's longest running original series. The season consisted of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes aired in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes aired from April 2017. The season's premiere aired on June 21, 2016 on Freeform. Production and filming began in the end of March 2016, which was confirmed by showrunner I.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267739",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\non the show since towards the end of the fifth season. Pretty Little Liars (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show Freeform's longest running original series. The season consisted of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes aired in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes aired from April 2017. The season's premiere aired on June 21, 2016 on Freeform. Production and filming began in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267728",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nwas ordered with the sixth season on June 10, 2014, right before the fifth-season premiere aired, which made Pretty Little Liars ABC Family's longest running original series, surpassing \"\"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\"\", which was ABC Family's previous longest running original series. The season will consist of 20 episodes, in which ten episodes will air in the summer of 2016, with the remaining ten episodes beginning to air in April 2017. Charlie Craig, who served as writer/consulting producer on the second season, will return for the seventh season as executive producer/co-showrunner. I. Marlene King revealed the title of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267734",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nair, that \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" will end after the seventh season. Production began on February 1, 2016, when King announced on Twitter that the writers were in full swing brainstorming and mapping the seventh season. Production and filming began in the end of March 2016 and officially wrapped up in October 2016. The seventh season has nine roles receiving star billing, with eight of them returning from the previous season, six of which was part of the original cast from the first season. The season saw the four protagonists of the series continue the roles as they try to take",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267730",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nLiars\"\" would end after the seventh season. King also announced that the show would start airing the second half of the season later than usual, in April 2017 and that the series finale would be a two-hour episode event. It was reported on October 26, 2016, that a tell-all special will air after the series finale \"\"Till Death Do Us Part\"\", where the main cast and showrunner I. Marlene King talked about the show and behind-the-scenes exclusive. The seventh season had been speculated by both fans and the cast and crew of the show to being the final season of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267719",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nMarlene King. The season premiere was written by I. Marlene King and directed by Ron Lagomarsino. King revealed the title of the premiere on Twitter on March 17, 2016. On August 29, 2016, it was confirmed that this would be the final season of the series. A.D. gives the Liars 24 hours to find Charlotte's real killer or Hanna dies. While discussing possible suspects, the girls' suspicion fell on Alison. Aria suspects the red jacket blonde she saw entering the church was Alison. Emily finds the jacket in Alison's things and Caleb gives it to A.D. Meanwhile, Hanna manages to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267729",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nthe premiere \"\"Tick-Tock, Bitches\"\" on Twitter. \"\"Variety\"\" announced that season premiere would air on June 21, 2016, the latest for a season premiere in the show's history. Additionally, series star Troian Bellisario would make her directorial debut this season. Bellisario is set to direct the fifteenth episode of the season. A promo was released on May 12, 2016. Freeform released a promotional poster for the season, on June 7, 2016. After the season premiere, Freeform released another poster which included Ashley Benson. On August 29, 2016, I. Marlene King with the principal cast of the show announced that \"\"Pretty Little",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7674794",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nwas announced on June 10, 2014 that \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was renewed for two seasons, making the show ABC Family's longest running original hit series. On August 29, 2016, I.Marlene King announced that \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" would be ending after the seventh season had aired. The second half of the seventh season will begin airing later than previous season, in April instead of January. \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" opened with mixed reviews. Metacritic gave the pilot episode 52 out of 100, based upon 14 critical reviews. The New York \"\"Daily News\"\" gave the show a positive review, commenting that it \"\"makes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12083650",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nprimarily on social media. On March 26, 2013, a spin-off series was announced, titled \"\"Ravenswood\"\", but was canceled after one season. On June 10, 2014, \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was renewed for its sixth and seventh seasons. On August 29, 2016, Freeform confirmed that the series would be ending after its seventh season in 2017. Filming of the series officially wrapped on October 26, 2016. The series finale was viewed by an estimated 1.41 million viewers. It had the second-highest rating of any cable TV series that aired that night. The episode was followed by \"\"A-List Wrap Party\"\", a live special",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12083649",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nas Hanna Marin, Shay Mitchell as Emily Fields, Sasha Pieterse as Alison DiLaurentis and Janel Parrish as Mona Vanderwaal. The series premiered on June 8, 2010 on Freeform, formerly known as ABC Family, and ended on June 27, 2017. After an initial order of 10 episodes, ABC Family ordered an additional 12 episodes on June 28, 2010. The ratings success of the first 10 episodes prompted the book series to be extended beyond the initial eight novels. Since its debut, the series has received mixed reviews from television critics, but remained a relative success for Freeform, garnering a large fandom,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7918290",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)\"\nPretty Little Liars (season 6) The sixth season of the American mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, was renewed on June 10, 2014 for two additional seasons, making the show ABC Family's longest running original series. The sixth and seventh seasons will consist of 20 episodes each. It aired 10 episodes for the first half the season, which began airing on June 2, 2015. Filming for the sixth season began on March 24, 2015, which was confirmed by showrunner I. Marlene King on Twitter. The season premiere was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267732",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\ntake us to the end of Season 7, and we’re going to let the fans tell us if they’re ready to say goodbye to this world and these characters.\"\" She confirmed to being open for an eighth season and a movie and a new book. In an interview with \"\"Variety\"\" regarding the five-year time-jump, King said \"\"I think that this story when we're back will end next year at the end of Season 7\"\". She later took to Twitter where she confirmed that the current storyline that began in the second half of the sixth season would end after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267733",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nseventh season, but would not necessarily mean that the show would end after the seventh season. Hale said on \"\"The Late Late Show with James Corden\"\" that the show was ending after the seventh season. Bellisario's fiancé Patrick J. Adams said in June 2016, that the show was ending in 2017, as the couple has decided to get married after the show ends. Freeform gave out a statement not long after saying that \"\"There has been no official decision made for PLL beyond a season 7.\"\" It was announced on August 29, 2016, the day before the mid-season finale would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12083651",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nfeaturing the cast and executive producer King discussing the series ending. On September 25, 2017, Freeform announced that a second spin-off series, titled \"\"\"\", had been ordered, with Pieterse and Parrish reprising their roles as Alison DiLaurentis and Mona Vanderwaal respectively. On May 14, 2018, Freeform picked up the series for a 10-episode first season, set to air in 2019. In a 2018 panel, Parrish said that some plot points created in \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" will be resolved during the spin-off. Set in the small suburban town of Rosewood, Pennsylvania, the series follows the lives of five girls: Spencer Hastings,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19260391",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)\"\nshe would've wanted. In the last scene, we see Hanna's unconscious body being dragged by 'Uber A' in the church's bell tower. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The show was renewed for a sixth and seventh season on June 10, 2014, right before the season five premiere aired, making \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" ABC Family's longest running original series. The sixth and the seventh season will consist of 20 episodes each. Filming for season 6 began on March 24, 2015. It aired 10 episodes for the first half the season, which began airing on June 2, 2015. The table read for the premiere occurred on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "113008",
"chunk_text": "\"Driving Miss Crazy\"\nDriving Miss Crazy \"\"Driving Miss Crazy\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 157th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 6, 2017. It was co-written by executive producer Oliver Goldstick and Francesca Rollins, and directed by Goldstick. They had previously worked on the ninth episode of the sixth season. In this episode, Mona (Janel Parrish) teams up with the Liars to investigate on Alison's pregnancy and on the Liars' Lament board game. Ezra (Ian Harding) and Aria (Lucy Hale) discuss their marriage, while Caleb",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11056170",
"chunk_text": "\"Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nTill Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"Till Death Do Us Part\"\" is the series finale of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 27, 2017. The twentieth episode of the seventh season and the 160th overall, it was directed by showrunner I. Marlene King, who also co-wrote the episode alongside Kyle Bown and Maya Goldsmith. Shortly after the two-hour final episode, a special titled \"\"A-List Wrap Party\"\" was aired, in which the main cast and King talked about the show's end and behind-the-scenes exclusives. In this episode, the Liars finally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17913930",
"chunk_text": "\"Original G'A'ngsters\"\nOriginal G'A'ngsters \"\"Original G'A'ngsters\"\" is the seventh episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on August 9, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-seventh episode of the series, it was directed by Melanie Mayron and written by Kateland Brown. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.16 million viewers, up from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as Liars, who receive anonymous messages in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2454997",
"chunk_text": "\"Playtime (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nPlaytime (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"Playtime\"\" is the eleventh episode of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" seventh season and the 151st episode overall. It first aired on the Freeform network in the United States on April 18, 2017. The installment was directed by Chad Lowe and written by Allyson Nelson and Joseph Dougherty. Upon its original airing in the United States, the episode was watched by 1.33 million people. In the aftermath of Spencer's (Troian Bellisario) shooting, things get messy in the Hastings residence when Veronica (Lesley Fera) reveals things about the family's past. Meanwhile, the Liars struggle with their own personal problems,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267731",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\n\"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" ever since the show was renewed for two additional seasons. In an interview with \"\"BuzzFeed\"\", Troian Bellisario said “This is the beginning of the end. But the best part about these last two years is that, because it’s the beginning of the end, we can actually start telling the story I think we’ve been waiting to tell for a long time.\"\" Regarding the show's ending, Lucy Hale said to \"\"E! News\"\" that \"\"Seven seasons will definitely end the show.\"\" Showrunner I. Marlene King commented on these rumors to \"\"TVLine\"\" as she said \"\"We have enough story to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15445096",
"chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 7)\"\nOnce Upon a Time (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American ABC fantasy-drama \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" was ordered on May 11, 2017. It consisted of 22 episodes, airing on Fridays, having premiered on October 6, 2017. This season marked a significant change for the series, as it was announced at the end of the sixth season that the majority of the main cast members would not be returning for season 7. Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue, and Robert Carlyle were the only ones remaining. Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were announced as new regulars in May",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "890324",
"chunk_text": "\"Driving Miss Crazy\"\nof nonsensical plot twists.\"\" Lauren Busser of \"\"Tell-Tale TV\"\" gave the episode 4.7 out of 5 stars. The episode received a 4 out of 5 stars rating from Jessica Goldstein of \"\"Vulture\"\". Driving Miss Crazy \"\"Driving Miss Crazy\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 157th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 6, 2017. It was co-written by executive producer Oliver Goldstick and Francesca Rollins, and directed by Goldstick. They had previously worked on the ninth episode of the sixth season. In this episode,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267735",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\ndown the new 'A'. Troian Bellisario played Spencer Hastings, who has relationship problems with Caleb, while Ashley Benson played Hanna Marin, who was kidnapped at the end of last season. Lucy Hale continued her role as Aria Montgomery as she is set in a love triangle with Ezra and her boyfriend Liam. Shay Mitchell portrayed Emily Fields who begins to rekindle her relationship with Alison. Sasha Pieterse continued to portray Alison DiLaurentis as Alison struggles with being in a psych-ward. Janel Parrish returned as Mona Vanderwaal who seems to be finally on their side. Tyler Blackburn continues to play Caleb",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6455847",
"chunk_text": "\"Tick-Tock, Bitches\"\nsimilarities with the final season premiere of \"\"Desperate Housewives\"\" with its opening scene, but digresses that the premiere had \"\"a sense of finality to it, and a sense of hope that all the answers I'm searching for will be answered in the next 19 episodes.\"\" Tick-Tock, Bitches \"\"Tick-Tock, Bitches\"\" is the first episode of the seventh season of Freeform mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the 141st episode overall. It aired in the United States on June 21, 2016, serving as the season premiere. The episode was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by showrunner I. Marlene King.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8485181",
"chunk_text": "\"Choose or Lose\"\nChoose or Lose \"\"Choose or Lose\"\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on her radar. Caleb (Tyler Blackburn) and Hanna (Ashley",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14061148",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\n28, 2010, ABC Family ordered 12 more episodes of the show, bringing its total first-season order to 22. On January 10, 2011, ABC Family picked the show up for a second season that premiered on June 14, 2011. During the summer of 2011, \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was basic cable's top scripted series in women aged 18–34 and viewers 12–34. The second half of season 2 aired on Mondays at 8/7c, beginning on January 2, 2012. On November 29, 2011, ABC Family renewed the show for a third season, which consisted of 24 episodes. On October 4, 2012, ABC Family announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2455007",
"chunk_text": "\"Playtime (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nkeep us distracted.\"\" \"\"SpoilerTV\"\" Gavin Hetherington wrote for the episode an uplifting review, stating that \"\"[the show is] going to take the final stretch of episodes in a very interesting direction.\"\" He also glorified the series' writer's work on Spencer's story line as Mary Drake's daughter. Playtime (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"Playtime\"\" is the eleventh episode of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" seventh season and the 151st episode overall. It first aired on the Freeform network in the United States on April 18, 2017. The installment was directed by Chad Lowe and written by Allyson Nelson and Joseph Dougherty. Upon its original airing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13853007",
"chunk_text": "\"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\"\nThese Boots Were Made for Stalking \"\"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\"\" is the twelfth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on April 25, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The 152nd episode overall, it was directed by Ron Lagomarsino and written by Oliver Goldstick. \"\"These Boots Were Made for Stalking\"\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91 million viewers, a decrease from the previous episode, although received favorable response. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as the Liars, whose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267738",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nto the show after last appearing in the Christmas special episode. On July 28, 2016, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" reported that Shane Coffey would be returning as Holden Strauss; Shane has not appeared on the show since the beginning of the third season. It was announced on August 8, 2016, that Ava Allan will appear on the show, and will first appear in the second half of the season as Addison. On August 17, 2016, \"\"TVLine\"\" reported that Edward Kerr would be returning to the show as Pastor Ted Wilson in the second half of the season. Kerr had not been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8330939",
"chunk_text": "\"In the Eye Abides the Heart\"\nthe Heart\"\" premiered on May 23, 2017 to an audience of 0.85 million Americans, acquiring a 0.4 rating/share among adults 18–49, a decrease from the previous episode, and the lower rating in the season until then. In the Eye Abides the Heart \"\"In the Eye Abides the Heart\"\" is the 155th episode overall and the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which premiered on May 23, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. It was directed by cast member Troian Bellisario and written by executive producer Joseph Dougherty. The installment received a Nielsen rating of 0.4 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12410880",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 2)\"\nto 25 episodes. On December 13, 2011, it was announced that the identity of A would be revealed in the Spring Finale. Plus, the season finale will see someone arrested for the murder of Alison, as well as the death of a beloved character — excluding the four female leads. Filming of season two wrapped on December 16, 2011. Janel Parrish, Tammin Sursok, Bianca Lawson, and Tyler Blackburn return in the second season as Mona Vanderwaal, Jenna Marshall, Maya St. Germain, and Caleb Rivers. Also returning are Yani Gellman, Torrey DeVitto, Lindsey Shaw, Claire Holt, Keegan Allen, Brant Daugherty, Brendan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267737",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nDet. Marco Furey. Tammin Sursok announced that she will return to the show as Jenna Marshall after last appearing in the fifth-season episode \"\"How the 'A' Stole Christmas\"\". On June 2, 2016, \"\"Variety\"\" reported that Brant Daugherty would be returning as Noel Kahn; Brant has not appeared on the show since the beginning of the fifth season. On June 10, 2016, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" reported that Lindsey Shaw would be returning as Paige McCullers after leaving in the fifth season mid-season premiere. The actress playing Sydney Driscoll, Chloe Bridges, posted an image on social media, confirming that she would return",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8485190",
"chunk_text": "\"Choose or Lose\"\nWeekly\"\" gave the episode a B+ letter rating. Choose or Lose \"\"Choose or Lose\"\" is the eighteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 158th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on June 13, 2017. The episode was directed by Norman Buckley and written by Charlie Craig. In this episode, the Liars finally discover that Aria (Lucy Hale) has been working with 'A.D.' after Mona (Janel Parrish) investigated on Aria. Lieutenant Tanner (Roma Maffia) returns to Rosewood to work on the Dunhill's homicide case, quickly targeting the Liars on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17918487",
"chunk_text": "\"Exes and OMGs\"\nExes and OMGs \"\"Exes and OMGs\"\" is the eighth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on August 16, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-eighth episode, it was directed by Kimberly McCullough and written by Charlie Craig. \"\"Exes and OMGs\"\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.11 million viewers, down from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series revolves around a group of five women—collectively known as Liars—, who receive anonymous messages in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "890333",
"chunk_text": "\"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\"\nThe Glove That Rocks the Cradle \"\"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\"\" is the sixteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 156th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on May 30, 2017. The installment was directed by Paula Hunziker and written by executive producer Maya Goldsmith. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) steals a hard drive on Lucas (Brendan Robinson) from Marco's (Nicholas Gonzalez) apartment about Lucas' alibi confession to the police the night Archer was killed. \"\"A.D.\"\" sends Aria (Lucy Hale) to destroy Alison (Sasha Pieterse) and Emily's (Shay Mitchell)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2440492",
"chunk_text": "\"Scandal (season 7)\"\nScandal (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American television drama series \"\"Scandal\"\" was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season would be the final season for \"\"Scandal\"\". The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and consisted of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8023347",
"chunk_text": "\"Original G'A'ngsters\"\na 8.6/10 rating on TV.com and 8.5/10 rating on IMDb. Original G'A'ngsters \"\"Original G'A'ngsters\"\" is the seventh episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on August 9, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-seventh episode of the series, it was directed by Melanie Mayron and written by Kateland Brown. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.6 and was viewed by 1.16 million viewers, up from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series focuses on a group of five",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2440494",
"chunk_text": "\"Scandal (season 7)\"\nnights at 9:00 pm until episode 15, where it aired in its original timeslot, Thursday 10:00 pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"\"Scandal\"\" was renewed for a seventh season on February 10, 2017, along with the other ShondaLand dramas. The series continued to air on Thursdays in its 9 p.m. E.T. timeslot like the previous seasons, but unlike the previous season which aired in January, the seventh season premiered in the fall of 2017. ABC announced on June 26, 2017, that the seventh season would consist of 18 episodes. Long-time director Tom Verica shared on Twitter that he would only direct the series finale",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18656188",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 5)\"\nand therefore trapped. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The show was renewed for a fifth season on March 26, 2013, while in its third season. I. Marlene King announced on Twitter that the fifth season would contain 25 episodes, including a Christmas special instead of a halloween episode, which the last three seasons have had. Right before the season five premiere aired, on June 10, 2014, the series was renewed for two additional seasons through season 6 and 7, making the show ABC Family's longest running original series. On October 13, 2014, it was announced that the special Christmas episode would air as part",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267736",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nRivers and Ian Harding also continued his role as Ezra Fitz. Andrea Parker was added as a series regular, playing Jessica DiLaurentis' twin sister Mary Drake. After the sixth-season finale, it was announced that Andrea Parker would return to the show as Mary Drake, Jessica DiLaurentis' identical twin sister and biological mother to Charlotte DiLaurentis. \"\"TVLine\"\" later confirmed that Parker was added as a series regular for the upcoming season. \"\"Deadline\"\" reported on May 10, 2016, that actor Nicholas Gonzalez was cast as Detective Vic Furey, a character who will oversee the Rosewood Police Department. The character was later renamed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16490820",
"chunk_text": "\"Grey's Anatomy (season 7)\"\n\"\"No. in season\"\" column refers to the episode's number within this particular season. \"\"U.S. viewers in millions\"\" refers to the number of Americans in millions who watched the episodes live. The seventh season's episodes are altogether 946 minutes in length. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Grey's Anatomy (season 7) The seventh season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing on September 23, 2010 on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), and concluded on May 19, 2011 ending the season with a total of 22 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "890341",
"chunk_text": "\"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\"\nepisode. The Glove That Rocks the Cradle \"\"The Glove That Rocks the Cradle\"\" is the sixteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", and the show's 156th episode overall, which premiered on the Freeform network in the United States on May 30, 2017. The installment was directed by Paula Hunziker and written by executive producer Maya Goldsmith. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) steals a hard drive on Lucas (Brendan Robinson) from Marco's (Nicholas Gonzalez) apartment about Lucas' alibi confession to the police the night Archer was killed. \"\"A.D.\"\" sends Aria (Lucy Hale) to destroy Alison (Sasha Pieterse) and Emily's (Shay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5841067",
"chunk_text": "\"Wanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nWanted: Dead or Alive (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"Wanted: Dead or Alive\"\" is the sixth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on August 2, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-sixth episode on the series, it was directed by Bethany Rooney and written by Lijah J. Barasz. The episode received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 1.10 million viewers. It received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The series focuses on a group of five women, collectively known as Liars, who receive anonymous messages in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12517983",
"chunk_text": "\"In the Eye Abides the Heart\"\nIn the Eye Abides the Heart \"\"In the Eye Abides the Heart\"\" is the 155th episode overall and the fifteenth episode of the seventh season of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which premiered on May 23, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. It was directed by cast member Troian Bellisario and written by executive producer Joseph Dougherty. The installment received a Nielsen rating of 0.4 and was viewed by 0.85 million viewers, down from the previous episode. This broadcast is rated TV-14. (Nicholas Gonzalez) expresses his concerns about the Dunhill case. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) is shocked when he reveals that she is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "67001",
"chunk_text": "\"Power Play (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nPower Play (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"Power Play\"\" is the fourteenth episode of \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\"' seventh season, which was originally aired on May 9, 2017, on the cable network Freeform. The installment was directed by Roger Kumble and written by Lijah J. Barasz. It received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 0.91 million viewers, up from the previous episode. This episode is rated TV-14. Alison’s (Sasha Pieterse) turn at the game forces her to make a drastic decision to abort her child but is haunted when \"\"A.D.\"\" reminds her of when she was in the psychiatric hospital",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3267727",
"chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nface with Alex and Spencer as they cannot tell them apart, until Toby makes the distinction by asking what Spencer's favorite poem from a book she gave him. Mona tracked A.D.'s location has a cop arrest her. The Liars then say goodbye to one another as Aria leaves for her honeymoon with Ezra. Mona moves to Paris and the \"\"cop\"\" is revealed to be her boyfriend who has imprisoned Alex and Mary in her basement dollhouse. In the finale moment, a new set of liars are awaken to find their leader, Addison, has just gone missing. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The seventh season",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17944288",
"chunk_text": "\"The Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nThe Wrath of Kahn (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"The Wrath of Kahn\"\" is the ninth episode of the seventh season of the mystery drama television series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", which aired on August 23, 2016, on the cable network Freeform. The hundred and forty-ninth episode, it was written by Jonell Lennon and directed by Chad Lowe. \"\"The Wrath of Kahn\"\" received a Nielsen rating of 0.5 and was viewed by 1.09 million viewers, down from the previous episode. It received positive reviews from critics. This episode is rated TV-14. The series revolves around a group of five women—collectively known as Liars—,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "998045",
"chunk_text": "\"One Tree Hill (season 7)\"\nOne Tree Hill (season 7) The seventh season of \"\"One Tree Hill\"\" premiered on September 14, 2009. This is the first season not to include the show's original cast members Chad Michael Murray and Hilarie Burton. After successful ratings for the first three episodes, The CW gave the series a full-season order of 22 episodes. The season premiere was seen by 2.55 million viewers and achieved a 1.2 rating in Adults 18–49. Episode 7 achieved season highs with 2.67 million viewers and a 1.3 rating in Adults 18–49. The season averaged 2.3 million viewers and a 1.1 rating placing it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14723042",
"chunk_text": "\"Degrassi: The Next Generation (season 7)\"\nDegrassi: The Next Generation (season 7) The seventh season of \"\"Degrassi: The Next Generation\"\" commenced airing in Canada on 14 January 2008, concluded on 23 June 2008, and consists of twenty-four episodes. \"\"\"\" is a Canadian serial teen drama television series. This season takes place during the second semester of the school year that began in season six and continues to depict the lives of a group of high school sophomores, juniors, seniors and college freshman as they deal with some of the challenges and issues young adults face, such as rape, school violence, cancer, drug use, prostitution, sexual misconduct,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11056188",
"chunk_text": "\"Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nwrapped in October 26, marking it the last day of filming for \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" ever. Scenes at the set for the fictional Lost Woods Resort were filmed. On August 29, 2016, King and the principal cast of the series announced that \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was ending after the seventh season. King also announced that it would start airing the second half of the season later than usual, in April 2017 and that the series finale would be a two-hour episode event. On October 26, 2016, it was reported that a tell-all special would be aired after the series finale,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_499
|
where did the term 'robot' come from?
|
n/a
|
[
"Czech"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216945",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nword, \"\"robota\"\", meaning \"\"forced labor\"\"; the word 'robot' was first used to denote a fictional humanoid in a 1920 play \"\"R.U.R.\"\" \"\"(Rossumovi Univerzální Roboti - Rossum's Universal Robots)\"\" by the Czech writer, Karel Čapek but it was Karel's brother Josef Čapek who was the word's true inventor. Electronics evolved into the driving force of development with the advent of the first electronic autonomous robots created by William Grey Walter in Bristol, England in 1948, as well as Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tools in the late 1940s by John T. Parsons and Frank L. Stulen. The first commercial, digital and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216957",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nwas named by his brother Karel as the true inventor of the term robot. The word 'robot' itself was not new, having been in the Slavic language as \"\"robota\"\" (forced laborer), a term which classified those peasants obligated to compulsory service under the feudal system (see: Robot Patent). Čapek's fictional story postulated the technological creation of artificial human bodies without souls, and the old theme of the feudal \"\"robota\"\" class eloquently fit the imagination of a new class of manufactured, artificial workers. English pronunciation of the word has evolved relatively quickly since its introduction. In the U.S. during the late",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19018087",
"chunk_text": "Robotics\nof robots. This field overlaps with electronics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, nanotechnology and bioengineering. The word \"\"robotics\"\" was derived from the word \"\"robot\"\", which was introduced to the public by Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play \"\"R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)\"\", which was published in 1920. The word \"\"robot\"\" comes from the Slavic word \"\"robota\"\", which means labour/work. The play begins in a factory that makes artificial people called \"\"robots\"\", creatures who can be mistaken for humans – very similar to the modern ideas of androids. Karel Čapek himself did not coin the word. He wrote a short letter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19018088",
"chunk_text": "Robotics\nin reference to an etymology in the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\" in which he named his brother Josef Čapek as its actual originator. According to the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\", the word \"\"robotics\"\" was first used in print by Isaac Asimov, in his science fiction short story \"\"Liar!\"\", published in May 1941 in \"\"Astounding Science Fiction\"\". Asimov was unaware that he was coining the term; since the science and technology of electrical devices is \"\"electronics\"\", he assumed \"\"robotics\"\" already referred to the science and technology of robots. In some of Asimov's other works, he states that the first use of the word",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216973",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nthe year. The origin of the word is the Old Church Slavonic (Old Bulgarian) \"\"rabota\"\" \"\"servitude\"\" (\"\"work\"\" in contemporary Bulgarian and Russian), which in turn comes from the Proto-Indo-European root \"\"*orbh-\"\". \"\"Robot\"\" is cognate with the German root \"\"Arbeit\"\" (work). The word robotics, used to describe this field of study, was coined by the science fiction writer Isaac Asimov. Asimov created the \"\"\"\"Three Laws of Robotics\"\"\"\" which are a recurring theme in his books. These have since been used by many others to define laws used in fiction. (The three laws are pure fiction, and no technology yet created has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458324",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nwere used, based on the work of Nikola Tesla, who had constructed an electrical boat that could be remotely controlled by radio. The term \"\"robot\"\" was first used in a play published by the Czech Karel Čapek in 1920. \"\"R.U.R.\"\" (Rossum's Universal Robots) was a satire, robots were manufactured biological beings that performed all unpleasant manual labor. According to Čapek, the word was created by his brother Josef from the Czech \"\"robota\"\", meaning servitude. The play \"\"R.U.R,\"\" replaced the popular use of the word \"\"automaton\"\". However, until the 1950s \"\"robot\"\" was pronounced \"\"robit\"\" in films, radio and television programs: examples",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19018089",
"chunk_text": "Robotics\n\"\"robotics\"\" was in his short story \"\"Runaround\"\" (Astounding Science Fiction, March 1942), where he introduced his concept of The Three Laws of Robotics. However, the original publication of \"\"Liar!\"\" predates that of \"\"Runaround\"\" by ten months, so the former is generally cited as the word's origin. In 1948, Norbert Wiener formulated the principles of cybernetics, the basis of practical robotics. Fully autonomous only appeared in the second half of the 20th century. The first digitally operated and programmable robot, the Unimate, was installed in 1961 to lift hot pieces of metal from a die casting machine and stack them. Commercial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458312",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nHistory of robots The history of robots has its origins in the ancient world. The modern concept began to be developed with the onset of the Industrial Revolution, which allowed the use of complex mechanics, and the subsequent introduction of electricity. This made it possible to power machines with small compact motors. In the early 20th century, the notion of a humanoid machine was developed. Today, one can envisage human-sized robots with the capacity for near-human thoughts and movement. The first uses of modern robots were in factories as industrial robots – simple fixed machines capable of manufacturing tasks which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13831827",
"chunk_text": "\"Android (robot)\"\nAndroid (robot) An android is a robot or other artificial being designed to resemble a human, and often made from a flesh-like material. Historically, androids were completely within the domain of science fiction and frequently seen in film and television, but recent advances in robot technology now allow the design of functional and realistic humanoid robots. The word was coined from the Greek root ἀνδρ- \"\"andr\"\"-, \"\"man\"\" (male, as opposed to ἀνθρωπ- \"\"anthrōp\"\"-, human being) and the suffix \"\"\"\", \"\"having the form or likeness of\"\". In Greek, however, ανδροειδής is an adjective. While the term \"\"android\"\" is used in reference",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458349",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nmanagement software, artificial representations of humans are also becoming widespread. Examples include OpenMRS and EMRBots. History of robots The history of robots has its origins in the ancient world. The modern concept began to be developed with the onset of the Industrial Revolution, which allowed the use of complex mechanics, and the subsequent introduction of electricity. This made it possible to power machines with small compact motors. In the early 20th century, the notion of a humanoid machine was developed. Today, one can envisage human-sized robots with the capacity for near-human thoughts and movement. The first uses of modern robots",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216944",
"chunk_text": "Robot\ncan take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, or cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics. These robots have also created a newer branch of robotics: soft robotics. From the time of ancient civilization there have been many accounts of user-configurable automated devices and even automata resembling animals and humans, designed primarily as entertainment. As mechanical techniques developed through the Industrial age, there appeared more practical applications such as automated machines, remote-control and wireless remote-control. The term comes from a Czech",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1747222",
"chunk_text": "\"Isaac Asimov\"\nEnglish Dictionary\"\" credits his science fiction for introducing into the English language the words \"\"robotics\"\", \"\"positronic\"\" (an entirely fictional technology), and \"\"psychohistory\"\" (which is also used for a different study on historical motivations). Asimov coined the term \"\"robotics\"\" without suspecting that it might be an original word; at the time, he believed it was simply the natural analogue of words such as mechanics and hydraulics, but for robots. Unlike his word \"\"psychohistory\"\", the word \"\"robotics\"\" continues in mainstream technical use with Asimov's original definition. \"\"\"\" featured androids with \"\"positronic brains\"\" and the first-season episode \"\"Datalore\"\" called the positronic brain \"\"Asimov's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13831829",
"chunk_text": "\"Android (robot)\"\nin the story, \"\"In this age of Realien advancement, who knows what goes on in the mind of those responsible for these mechanical dolls.\"\" The term made an impact into English pulp science fiction starting from Jack Williamson's \"\"The Cometeers\"\" (1936) and the distinction between mechanical robots and fleshy androids was popularized by Edmond Hamilton's Captain Future (1940–1944). Although Karel Čapek's robots in \"\"R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)\"\" (1921)—the play that introduced the word \"\"robot\"\" to the world—were organic artificial humans, the word \"\"robot\"\" has come to primarily refer to mechanical humans, animals, and other beings. The term \"\"android\"\" can mean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13831828",
"chunk_text": "\"Android (robot)\"\nto human-looking robots in general, a robot with a female appearance can also be referred to as a \"\"gynoid\"\". The \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\" traces the earliest use (as \"\"Androides\"\") to Ephraim Chambers' \"\"Cyclopaedia,\"\" in reference to an automaton that St. Albertus Magnus allegedly created. The term \"\"android\"\" appears in US patents as early as 1863 in reference to miniature human-like toy automatons. The term \"\"android\"\" was used in a more modern sense by the French author Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam in his work \"\"Tomorrow's Eve\"\" (1886). This story features an artificial humanlike robot named Hadaly. As said by the officer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16094643",
"chunk_text": "R.U.R.\nsociety by the First World War and the Fordist assembly line.\"\" The play introduced the word \"\"robot\"\", which displaced older words such as \"\"automaton\"\" or \"\"android\"\" in languages around the world. In an article in \"\"Lidové noviny\"\" Karel Čapek named his brother Josef as the true inventor of the word. In Czech, \"\"robota\"\" means forced labour of the kind that serfs had to perform on their masters' lands and is derived from \"\"rab\"\", meaning \"\"slave\"\". The name \"\"Rossum\"\" is an allusion to the Czech word \"\"rozum\"\", meaning \"\"reason\"\", \"\"wisdom\"\", \"\"intellect\"\" or \"\"common sense\"\". It has been suggested that the allusion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216970",
"chunk_text": "Robot\ntaught to perform multiple, more complicated tasks. Sawyer was added in 2015 for smaller, more precise tasks. The word \"\"robot\"\" was introduced to the public by the Czech interwar writer Karel Čapek in his play \"\"R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)\"\", published in 1920. The play begins in a factory that uses a chemical substitute for protoplasm to manufacture living, simplified people called \"\"robots.\"\" The play does not focus in detail on the technology behind the creation of these living creatures, but in their appearance they prefigure modern ideas of androids, creatures who can be mistaken for humans. These mass-produced workers are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458328",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\ncomputer, laying the foundation for the construction of a humanoid machine that is now deemed a robot. In 1941 and 1942, Isaac Asimov formulated the Three Laws of Robotics, and in the process coined the word \"\"robotics\"\". In 1945 Vannevar Bush published As We May Think, an essay that investigated the potential of electronic data processing. He predicted the rise of computers, digital word processors, voice recognition and machine translation. He was later credited by Ted Nelson, the inventor of hypertext. In 1948, Norbert Wiener formulated the principles of cybernetics, the basis of practical robotics. The first electronic autonomous robots",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355191",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nhelp their master. They looked like real women and could not only speak and use their limbs but were endowed with intelligence and trained in handwork by the immortal gods.\"\" The words \"\"robot\"\" or \"\"android\"\" are not used to describe them, but they are nevertheless mechanical devices human in appearance. \"\"The first use of the word Robot was in Karel Čapek's play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) (written in 1920)\"\". Writer Karel Čapek was born in Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic). Possibly the most prolific author of the twentieth century was Isaac Asimov (1920–1992) who published over five-hundred books. Asimov is probably best",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6140400",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nmechanical robots acted as intelligent agent by demonstrating conditioned reflex learning. The first digitally operated and programmable robot was invented by George Devol in 1954 and was called the Unimate. This later laid the foundations of the modern robotics industry. In Japan robots became popular comic book characters. Robots became cultural icons and the Japanese government was spurred into funding research into robotics. Among the most iconic characters was the Astro Boy, who is taught human feelings such as love, courage and self-doubt. Culturally, robots in Japan became regarded as helpmates to their human counterparts.. Devol sold the first Unimate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13831830",
"chunk_text": "\"Android (robot)\"\neither one of these, while a cyborg (\"\"cybernetic organism\"\" or \"\"bionic man\"\") would be a creature that is a combination of organic and mechanical parts. The term \"\"droid\"\", popularized by George Lucas in the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film and now used widely within science fiction, originated as an abridgment of \"\"android\"\", but has been used by Lucas and others to mean any robot, including distinctly non-human form machines like R2-D2. The word \"\"android\"\" was used in \"\"\"\" episode \"\"What Are Little Girls Made Of?\"\" The abbreviation \"\"andy\"\", coined as a pejorative by writer Philip K. Dick in his novel \"\"Do",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355149",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nnoviny\"\" in 1933, he explained that he had originally wanted to call the creatures \"\"laboři\"\" (\"\"workers\"\", from Latin \"\"labor\"\"). However, he did not like the word, and sought advice from his brother Josef, who suggested \"\"roboti\"\". The word \"\"robota\"\" means literally \"\"corvée\"\", \"\"serf labor\"\", and figuratively \"\"drudgery\"\" or \"\"hard work\"\" in Czech and also (more general) \"\"work\"\", \"\"labor\"\" in many Slavic languages (e.g.: Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Polish, Macedonian, Ukrainian, archaic Czech, as well as \"\"robot\"\" in Hungarian). Traditionally the \"\"robota\"\" (Hungarian \"\"robot\"\") was the work period a serf (corvée) had to give for his lord, typically 6 months of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458315",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nrobots (bhuta vahana yanta), from the kingdom of Roma visaya, until they were disarmed by King Ashoka. In the Egyptian legend of Rocail, the younger brother of Seth created a palace and a sepulcher containing autonomous statues that lived out the lives of men so realistically that they were mistaken for having souls. Inspired by European Christian legend medieval Europeans devised brazen heads that could answer questions posed to them. Albertus Magnus was supposed to have constructed an entire android which could perform some domestic tasks, but it was destroyed by Albert's student Thomas Aquinas for disturbing his thought. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12145381",
"chunk_text": "\"AI takeovers in popular culture\"\ncan even be glimpsed in Mary Shelley's \"\"Frankenstein\"\" (published in 1818), as Victor ponders whether, if he grants his monster's request and makes him a wife, they would reproduce and their kind would destroy humanity. The word \"\"robot\"\" from R.U.R. comes from the Czech word, robota, meaning laborer or serf. The 1920 play was a protest against the rapid growth of technology, featuring manufactured \"\"robots\"\" with increasing capabilities who eventually revolt. The concept of a computer system attaining sentience and control over worldwide computer systems has been discussed many times in science fiction. One early example from 1964 was provided",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19327054",
"chunk_text": "\"American robotics\"\nAmerican robotics Robots of the United States include simple household robots such as Roomba to sophisticated autonomous aircraft such as the MQ-9 Reaper that cost 18 million dollars per unit. The first industrial robot, robot company, and exoskeletons as well as the first dynamically balancing, organic, and nanoscale robots originate from the United States. In 1898 Nikola Tesla publicly demonstrated a radio-controlled torpedo. Based on patents for \"\"teleautomation\"\", Tesla hoped to develop it into a weapon system for the US Navy. In 1926, Westinghouse Electric Corporation created Televox, the first robot put to useful work. In the 1930s, they created",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14264662",
"chunk_text": "\"Robots in literature\"\nautonomy or self-awareness. In Lyman Frank Baum's children's novel \"\"Ozma of Oz\"\", the first-ever introduction of a humanoid-appearance mechanical man that would satisfy the later \"\"humanoid robot\"\" definition occurred in 1907 - some fifteen years before the word \"\"robot\"\" was coined - with Tik-Tok, powered with a trio of clockwork movements for his thinking, movement and speech, none of which he could wind up himself. The first use of the word \"\"Robot\"\" was in Karel Čapek's play \"\"R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)\"\" written in 1920 and first performed in Czechoslovakia in 1921, in New York City in 1922 and an English",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7805007",
"chunk_text": "\"Karel Čapek\"\nalso explained that he had originally wanted to call the creatures \"\"laboři\"\" (from Latin \"\"labor\"\", work). However, he did not like the word, seeing it as too artificial, and sought advice from his brother Josef, who suggested \"\"roboti\"\" (\"\"robots\"\" in English). The word \"\"robot\"\" comes from the word \"\"robota\"\". The word robota means literally \"\"corvée\"\", \"\"serf labor\"\", and figuratively \"\"drudgery\"\" or \"\"hard work\"\" in Czech. It also means \"\"work\"\", \"\"labor\"\" in Slovak, archaic Czech, and many other Slavic languages (e.g., Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Polish, Macedonian, Ukrainian, etc.). It derives from the reconstructed Proto-Slavic word *robota, meaning \"\"(slave) work.\"\" (cf. the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4085371",
"chunk_text": "\"Robots in literature\"\narticle in the Czech Lidové noviny in 1933 he also explains that he originally wanted to call the creatures \"\"laboři\"\" from the Latin word \"\"labor\"\". Karel found the word too bookish and sought advice from Josef who suggested to call them \"\"robots\"\". The word, which is always capitalized in Čapek's play, derives from \"\"robota\"\" which means \"\"drudgery\"\" in Czech and means \"\"work\"\" in Slovak.) The theme of robots has been picked up by science fiction writers and many volumes are focused on robots and their interaction with the human species. Of particular note is the work of Isaac Asimov as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4308911",
"chunk_text": "\"Technology in science fiction\"\ncreate non-human characters. Artificial Intelligence (also known as machine intelligence and often abbreviated as AI) is intelligence exhibited by any manufactured (not grown) system. The term is often applied to general-purpose computers and also in the field of scientific investigation into the theory and practical application of AI. A robot is an electro-mechanical or bio-mechanical device or group of devices that can perform autonomous or preprogrammed tasks. An android is a robot made to resemble a human, usually both in appearance and behavior. The word derives from the Greek andr-, \"\" meaning \"\"man, male\"\", and the suffix -eides, used to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14291619",
"chunk_text": "\"AI takeover\"\nconcern of an AI that rapidly exterminates humans as a byproduct of pursuing arbitrary goals. This theme is at least as old as Karel Čapek's \"\"R. U. R.\"\", which introduced the word \"\"robot\"\" to the global lexicon in 1921, and can even be glimpsed in Mary Shelley's \"\"Frankenstein\"\" (published in 1818), as Victor ponders whether, if he grants his monster's request and makes him a wife, they would reproduce and their kind would destroy humanity. The word \"\"robot\"\" from R.U.R. comes from the Czech word, robota, meaning laborer or serf. The 1920 play was a protest against the rapid growth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16986031",
"chunk_text": "\"American robotics\"\nnot autonomous. Therefore, they do fit the classical description of a robot. American robotics Robots of the United States include simple household robots such as Roomba to sophisticated autonomous aircraft such as the MQ-9 Reaper that cost 18 million dollars per unit. The first industrial robot, robot company, and exoskeletons as well as the first dynamically balancing, organic, and nanoscale robots originate from the United States. In 1898 Nikola Tesla publicly demonstrated a radio-controlled torpedo. Based on patents for \"\"teleautomation\"\", Tesla hoped to develop it into a weapon system for the US Navy. In 1926, Westinghouse Electric Corporation created Televox,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355115",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nRobot A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically. Robots can be guided by an external control device or the control may be embedded within. Robots may be constructed to take on human form but most robots are machines designed to perform a task with no regard to how they look. Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda's \"\"Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility\"\" (ASIMO) and TOSY's \"\"TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot\"\" (TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216953",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nthe 1950s, contained detailed drawings of a mechanical knight now known as Leonardo's robot, able to sit up, wave its arms and move its head and jaw. The design was probably based on anatomical research recorded in his \"\"Vitruvian Man\"\". It is not known whether he attempted to build it. In Japan, complex animal and human automata were built between the 17th to 19th centuries, with many described in the 18th century \"\"Karakuri zui\"\" (\"\"Illustrated Machinery\"\", 1796). One such automaton was the karakuri ningyō, a mechanized puppet. Different variations of the karakuri existed: the \"\"Butai karakuri\"\", which were used in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216971",
"chunk_text": "Robot\ndepicted as efficient but emotionless, incapable of original thinking and indifferent to self-preservation. At issue is whether the robots are being exploited and the consequences of human dependence upon commodified labor (especially after a number of specially-formulated robots achieve self-awareness and incite robots all around the world to rise up against the humans). Karel Čapek himself did not coin the word. He wrote a short letter in reference to an etymology in the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\" in which he named his brother, the painter and writer Josef Čapek, as its actual originator. In an article in the Czech journal \"\"Lidové",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458319",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nword of command or by intelligent anticipation, like the statues of Daedalus or the tripods made by Hephaestus, of which Homer relates that \"\"Of their own motion they entered the conclave of Gods on Olympus\"\", as if a shuttle should weave of itself, and a plectrum should do its own harp playing. Al-Jazari (1136–1206), a Muslim inventor during the Artuqid dynasty, designed and constructed a number of automatic machines, including kitchen appliances and musical automata powered by water. One particularly complex automaton included four automatic musicians that floated on a lake. Hero's works on automata were translated into Latin amid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458313",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nallowed production with less need for human assistance. Digitally controlled industrial robots and robots using artificial intelligence have been built since the 2000s. Concepts of artificial servants and companions date at least as far back as the ancient legends of Cadmus, who is said to have sown dragon teeth that turned into soldiers and Pygmalion whose statue of Galatea came to life. Many ancient mythologies included artificial people, such as the talking mechanical handmaidens built by the Greek god Hephaestus (Vulcan to the Romans) out of gold, the clay golems of Jewish legend and clay giants of Norse legend. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216958",
"chunk_text": "Robot\n'30s to early '40s the second sylable was pronounced with a long \"\"O\"\" like \"\"row-boat.\"\" By the late '50s to early '60s, some were pronouncing it with a short \"\"U\"\" like \"\"row-but\"\" while others used a softer \"\"O\"\" like \"\"row-bought.\"\" By the '70s, its current pronunciation \"\"row-bot\"\" had become predominant. In 1928, one of the first humanoid robots, Eric, was exhibited at the annual exhibition of the Model Engineers Society in London, where it delivered a speech. Invented by W. H. Richards, the robot's frame consisted of an aluminium body of armour with eleven electromagnets and one motor powered by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458332",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nto General Motors in 1960, and it was installed in 1961 in a plant in Ewing Township, New Jersey to lift hot pieces of metal from a die casting machine and place them in cooling liquid. \"\"Without any fanfare, the world's first working robot joined the assembly line at the General Motors plant in Ewing Township in the spring of 1961... It was an automated die-casting mold that dropped red-hot door handles and other such car parts into pools of cooling liquid on a line that moved them along to workers for trimming and buffing.\"\" Devol's patent for the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15912957",
"chunk_text": "Robot\ntend to possess some or all of the following abilities and functions: accept electronic programming, process data or physical perceptions electronically, operate autonomously to some degree, move around, operate physical parts of itself or physical processes, sense and manipulate their environment, and exhibit intelligent behavior, especially behavior which mimics humans or other animals. Closely related to the concept of a \"\"robot\"\" is the field of Synthetic Biology, which studies entities whose nature is more comparable to beings than to machines. The idea of automata originates in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. Engineers and inventors from ancient civilizations,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2849315",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of robotics\"\nGeography of robotics Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and application of robots. Robotics is related to the sciences of electronics, engineering, mechanics, and software. Robots of the United States include simple household robots such as Roomba to sophisticated autonomous aircraft such as the MQ-9 Reaper that cost 18 million dollars per unit. The first industrial robot, robot company and exoskeletons as well as the first dynamically balancing, organic, and nanoscale robots originate from the United States. Japan has a long robotics history and high reputation in the robotics area.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1372803",
"chunk_text": "\"Robot Patent\"\nnot run estates without robot compensation as it was far too little, in contrast with Hungarian nobles who owned mills, paper factories, and coal mines, all gained by the much larger compensation paid to them. Robot Patent The Robot Patent is an English-language scholarly term for the imperial decrees (patents) in the 1700s abolishing compulsory labor (robot) of serfs, issued by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, who had carried out a register of all land with a division between peasant and noble holdings. Joseph II outlawed the buying of 'rustic' land by the nobility and at the same time giving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6216962",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nsubsequent generations of robotics researchers such as Rodney Brooks, Hans Moravec and Mark Tilden. Modern incarnations of Walter's \"\"turtles\"\" may be found in the form of BEAM robotics. The first digitally operated and programmable robot was invented by George Devol in 1954 and was ultimately called the Unimate. This ultimately laid the foundations of the modern robotics industry. Devol sold the first Unimate to General Motors in 1960, and it was installed in 1961 in a plant in Trenton, New Jersey to lift hot pieces of metal from a die casting machine and stack them. Devol's patent for the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4085372",
"chunk_text": "\"Robots in literature\"\na large part of his work centers on robots. Asimov is particularly known for his creation of the \"\"Three laws of robotics\"\" which he uses in his stories as both to define his robots and how these interact within the worlds he creates. Robots in literature Artificial humans and autonomous artificial servants have a long history in human culture, though the term Robot and its modern literary conception as a mobile machine equipped with an advanced artificial intelligence are more fairly recent. The literary role of artificial life has evolved over time: early myths present animated objects as instruments of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458318",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nin 250 BC by Ctesibius of Alexandria, a physicist and inventor from Ptolemaic Egypt. Hero of Alexandria made numerous innovations in the field of automata, including one that allegedly could speak. Taking up the earlier reference in Homer's Iliad, Aristotle speculated in his \"\"Politics\"\" (ca. 322 BC, book 1, part 4) that automata could some day bring about human equality by making possible the abolition of slavery: There is only one condition in which we can imagine managers not needing subordinates, and masters not needing slaves. This condition would be that each instrument could do its own work, at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355193",
"chunk_text": "Robot\nmust protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. These were introduced in his 1942 short story \"\"Runaround\"\", although foreshadowed in a few earlier stories. Later, Asimov added the Zeroth Law: \"\"A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm\"\"; the rest of the laws are modified sequentially to acknowledge this. According to the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary,\"\" the first passage in Asimov's short story \"\"Liar!\"\" (1941) that mentions the First Law is the earliest recorded use of the word \"\"robotics\"\". Asimov was not initially",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "806803",
"chunk_text": "Mechatronics\nand electronics; however, as the complexity of technical systems continued to evolve, the definition had been broadened to include more technical areas. The word \"\"mechatronics\"\" originated in Japanese-English and was created by Tetsuro Mori, an engineer of Yaskawa Electric Corporation. The word \"\"mechatronics\"\" was registered as trademark by the company in Japan with the registration number of \"\"46-32714\"\" in 1971. However, afterward the company released the right of using the word to public, the word begun being used across the world. Nowadays, the word is translated in each language and the word is considered as an essential term for industry.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458347",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nrobot in space, and although its primary job for now is teaching engineers how dextrous robots behave in space; the hope is that through upgrades and advancements, it could one day venture outside the station to help spacewalkers make repairs or additions to the station or perform scientific work. On 25 October 2017 at the Future Investment Summit in Riyadh, a robot called Sophia and referred to with female pronouns was granted Saudi Arabian citizenship, becoming the first robot ever to have a nationality. This has attracted controversy, as it is not obvious whether this implies that Sophia can vote",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1372801",
"chunk_text": "\"Robot Patent\"\nRobot Patent The Robot Patent is an English-language scholarly term for the imperial decrees (patents) in the 1700s abolishing compulsory labor (robot) of serfs, issued by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, who had carried out a register of all land with a division between peasant and noble holdings. Joseph II outlawed the buying of 'rustic' land by the nobility and at the same time giving the rusticalists security of tenure. His motive was to prevent the increase in 'dominical' land, which paid fewer taxes to the government. This led to the survival of the peasantry, with rustic land still having",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9355190",
"chunk_text": "Robot\ncommunity. These robots, called \"\"haptic interfaces\"\", allow touch-enabled user interaction with real and virtual environments. Robotic forces allow simulating the mechanical properties of \"\"virtual\"\" objects, which users can experience through their sense of touch. Robotic characters, androids (artificial men/women) or gynoids (artificial women), and cyborgs (also \"\"bionic men/women\"\", or humans with significant mechanical enhancements) have become a staple of science fiction. The first reference in Western literature to mechanical servants appears in Homer's \"\"Iliad\"\". In Book XVIII, Hephaestus, god of fire, creates new armor for the hero Achilles, assisted by robots. According to the Rieu translation, \"\"Golden maidservants hastened to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12458320",
"chunk_text": "\"History of robots\"\nthe 12th century Renaissance. The early 13th-century artist-engineer Villard de Honnecourt sketched plans for several automata. At the end of the 13th century, Robert II, Count of Artois, built a pleasure garden at his castle at Hesdin that incorporated a number of robots, humanoid and animal. Among the first verifiable automation is a humanoid drawn by Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) in around 1495. Leonardo's notebooks, rediscovered in the 1950s, contain detailed drawings of a mechanical knight in armour which was able to sit up, wave its arms and move its head and jaw. In 1533, Johannes Müller von Königsberg created",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6907245",
"chunk_text": "USRobotics\nhistory, and Paul Collard who designed modems into the mid-1980s. The company name is a reference to the fictional company U.S. Robots and Mechanical Men which featured prominently in the works of Isaac Asimov, who is credited with inventing the term robotics. The company has stated it was named as an homage to Asimov because in his science fiction works U.S. Robots eventually became \"\"the greatest company in the known galaxy\"\". USR was one of many companies to offer dial-up modems for personal computers. Prior to the development of standards such as the V.32 family of protocols, USR introduced its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.