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test_600
|
where does sleeping freshmen never lie take place?
|
n/a
|
[
"J.P. Zenger High"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
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n/a
|
[] |
[
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\n\"\"most readers will find plenty of amusing, accurate observations about freshman life, from the insecurities of first dates to the dangers of walking the hall between classes\"\". Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie is a 2005 young adult novel by David Lubar. It is a story about the high school experiences of a fourteen-year-old boy named Scott Hudson. The book was one of the ALA's book picks for 2006. \"\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\" follows the character of Scott Hudson as he attempts to survive high school and attract the attention of his crush Julia, a girl who recently",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nSleeping Freshmen Never Lie Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie is a 2005 young adult novel by David Lubar. It is a story about the high school experiences of a fourteen-year-old boy named Scott Hudson. The book was one of the ALA's book picks for 2006. \"\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\" follows the character of Scott Hudson as he attempts to survive high school and attract the attention of his crush Julia, a girl who recently became beautiful. If dealing with school activities and growing up isn't stressful enough, Scott's mother has announced that she's going to have a baby. In an attempt",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nwears face pins and weird clothes, and has wildly colored hair. Both soon realize that they share the same interests, but he cannot get past his crush on Julia. Scott suddenly has another \"\"friend\"\" named Wesley, a high school senior. Though they share some interests, they have little in common. Then to put the cherry on top of all this excitement going on in his life, his mother announces that she is pregnant. He copes with all of this by creating a tip book for his soon-to-be baby sibling to help him, or her, survive high school when they get",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\ncomes to school in October. She sports bright green short chopped hair, lots of piercings, some of which are actually safety pins, and wears all black. Her and Scott start to get along after bonding about poetry and literature talked about in their honors English class. She is misunderstood by everyone in school and is often bullied for her appearance. Scott protects her when there is a threat posted on her locker and each time after in the book. She proves to be the best friend Scott has because of their similar interests. Wesley Cobble: A senior who is feared",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nwins a seat, only to find out that she has not won. Because of this, Scott resigns from his position on the student council. It turns out that a lot of other members also resigned including the president, meaning Julia who happened to have the second most votes is now president. He also auditions for the school play and is selected as a member of the crew, thinking that Julia is also auditioning for the play. However, Julia has not been selected as a member of the cast or crew. Soon, a new girl named Lee arrives at school, who",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nmiddle school. Upperclassmen are intimidating and will steal any lunch money along with loose change if you stand in the wrong place. Scott gets put in advanced classes, including an Honors English class which, despite the amount of homework, is his favorite class. His teacher, Mr. Franka, becomes a mentor to him. Scott finds out that he is not in classes with his friends since he is carrying all honors and college prep classes. He tries his best from the very start to get the attention of Julia Baskins, a girl who was in his kindergarten class and has recently",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nbecome very beautiful over the summer. Because of her beauty she quickly blends in with the popular girls and is attracted to the football players who are often bullying Scott. Scott is also connected to another classmate named Louden, who is better known as Mouth. Scott tries every attempt to get Julia's attention such as joining the school paper, because he thinks that she is part of the staff, only to discover that she has written only a single column for the paper. He then runs for student council, after finding out that Julia is also running as well, and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nstarts dating a nicer guy, though she is now close to Scott enough to give him a kiss on the cheek. Scott Hudson: Scott is the main protagonist and narrator. A young boy who starts off in the novel transitioning from middle school to high school. At the start he struggles to keep up with the level of homework, dealing with upperclassmen, and maintaining a relationship with his friends. On top of all that, he also finds himself crushing on a girl who he previously didn't notice. Scott is very well-read and smart. He starts off in high school being",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nto make all of this more manageable, Scott tries to write down tips for getting through daily life and high school for his unborn sibling. The novel follows Scott's journey as he learns what to do and what not to do in high school as well as balancing activities, homework, friendships, and relationships with girls. \"\"Sophomores and Other Oxymorons\"\" is a sequel to the book and was released on August 18, 2015. Scott Hudson enters J.P. Zenger High as a freshman, along with his three best friends, Mitch, Patrick, and Kyle, and quickly realizes that it is very different from",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nSoon, Julia's boyfriend Vernon beats up Scott after finding out from Kyle (who lost a fight with Scott) that Scott has a crush on his girlfriend. Scott realizes that what a person says and does can affect the life of another after Mouth attempts to commit suicide. Later, he learns that not everything is what it seems once he finds out that his older brother, Bobby, who is struggling to find a job, can barely read. Scott's mother eventually gives birth to a new baby boy, whom they name Sean. Meanwhile, Bobby finds a job through guitar-playing and Julia eventually",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nin a band with his friends and has trouble keeping a steady job. Later on Scott finds out that the reason Bobby struggles so much with certain things is because he has trouble reading. Kyle: One of Scott's three childhood friends. Very athletic and sarcastic towards Scott. He sticks by him the longest but soon gets wrapped up with the friends he makes on the wrestling team and hangs out with them more than Scott. Patrick: One of Scott's three childhood friends. Often makes fun of Scott for reading all the time, but for the most part, never has too",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nThere are several brothers in the book as well as bonds that are like brothers.There is the weak bond between Scott and his older brother Bobby; the hate bond that Scott has with his soon-to-be baby brother or sister; the bond between Scott and his childhood friends that slowly diminishes; the new bond between Scott and Wesley; and the faint bond between Scott and his AP English teacher. Growing Up: An obvious theme for a book about going from middle school to high school. Scott deals with fitting in, dealing with stress, a new baby on the way to be",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nto it. In his entries to the baby, he often shows disdain by using degrading terms to talk to it such as \"\"Smelly\"\" or \"\"Blob of unformed goo\"\". But he writes it to be a good older brother to this new baby since Scott's own brother was rarely present. As time goes by, Scott tries to find his place, but he starts to lose his best friends. Mitch finds a girlfriend and soon forgets the group, Patrick moves to Texas, then to Japan, and Kyle joins the wrestling team and soon puts Scott down for having a crush on Julia.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nto commit suicide by hanging himself, but survives, and is then transferred to a different school. Mitch: One of Scott's three childhood friends. He quickly gets a girlfriend coming into high school and ignores his friends from that point on. Vernon: A member of the school football team and Julia's boyfriend, Vernon is tough and sometimes bullies other people. He gets angry when there is no mention of him in the school paper. He then beats Scott up when he finds out about his crush on Julia. Because of this however, Julia dumps him and starts dating someone else. Brotherhood:",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nhis sibling, and growing apart from his friends as they find their own space in high school. Scott learns a lot about himself throughout his freshmen year as well. He learns about standing up for himself and what it means to be a good friend. Actions have Consequences: Another theme is that actions have consequences. Scott has to grow up to be able to make the decisions in life, yet sometimes it can lead to consequences. Critical reception for \"\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\" was mixed to positive, with TeenReads praising the character of Scott Hudson. Kirkus Reviews wrote that the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nby most of the other students in the school. He often shakes down freshmen for their loose change and lunch money. Wesley befriends Scott after Scott lies to him about why he was in the principal's office. He then bonds with Scott over good books and unexpected food favorites like hot cocoa with little marshmallows. He becomes an older brother figure for Scott. Bobby Hudson: Scott's older brother. He comes and goes, often looking like he was dragged through the mud whenever he shows up again. He is a good brother to Scott but never very present. Used to be",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nin honors classes while his childhood friends are in less advanced classes, becomes involved in many activities in school and ends up making some very interesting friends throughout his freshmen year. Julia Baskins: A girl who was in kindergarten with Scott. Scott refers to her at first sight as \"\"an honest-to-goodness goddess\"\". She shares an honors English course with Scott and often says the things he is thinking which only increases his admiration for her. She is extremely intelligent and kind but finds her place with the popular girls and pays no attention to Scott. Lee: A new girl that",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nmuch to say. Halfway through their freshmen year, he has to move away to Texas and then to Japan because of his father's job. Mouth: A kid who has been in Scott's classes since kindergarten. Louden is his real name, but nobody ever mentions him by anything other than Mouth. He is called Mouth because he never stops talking and often finds himself in sticky situations because of this word vomit. He thinks he is always doing what is best but it often will get someone in trouble because he doesn't know better. Due to stress and rejection, Mouth tries",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\nbook was \"\"Fresh, funny and perfectly plausible as a demonstration of various writing exercises for classroom use, but only if you like laughter.\"\" AudioFile praised the production values of the audio version. The School Library Journal called \"\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\" \"\"an excellent choice for public and school libraries\"\". Publishers Weekly wrote that the book \"\"strains too hard to be clever\"\" and that \"\"most readers will breathe a sigh of relief when the gimmicks start to fade\"\". Booklist criticized \"\"Sleeping Freshmen Never Lie\"\", stating that it \"\"delivers too many messages as Scott learns one important lesson after another\"\" but that",
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"chunk_id": "7641241",
"chunk_text": "\"Hudson University\"\n12 episode \"\"Gray,\"\" indicating that the university was established in 1876. In the season 16 episode \"\"Devastating Story\"\", Olivia Benson makes an in-joke about Hudson's high crime rate, informing her son Noah (who is still an infant) that he is never to attend. It is also mentioned in Season 13, Episode 15 and Season 18, Episode 3. It also appears in Season 19, episodes 12 and 15. \"\"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\"\", which takes place in Valley Glen, California, depicts a Hudson University in New York, to which two of its main characters, Amy Juergens and Ben Boykewich,",
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"chunk_id": "12489791",
"chunk_text": "\"Bass Ackwards and Belly Up\"\nBoulder, Colorado with four best friends — Harper Waddle, Sophie Bushell, Becca Winsberg, and Kate Foster — who have finished high school and are supposed to be going to college. Kate's 14-year-old sister, Habiba (usually called \"\"Beebs\"\"), who was adopted from Ethiopia, is also a big part of the story. Harper is rejected from NYU but is too ashamed of herself to tell her friends. She lies and tells them \"\"she\"\" rejected NYU and is going to pursue her dream of writing the next Great American Novel. Sophie and Kate decide they have their own dreams: becoming an actress and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Nothing but the Truth: A Documentary Novel\"\nThe novel was later adapted into a play. Philip Malloy is a track-obsessed ninth grader at Harrison High School in New Hampshire. He blames his English teacher, Margaret Narwin, for his poor performance in her class, and he earns a D for his grade. Since he is no longer eligible to try out for the track team, he avoids telling his parents and instead pretends that he no longer has an interest in trying out. Throughout his time in school, his number of class time disturbances increases. One day, he begins humming the national anthem when he's meant to stand",
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"chunk_text": "\"Unaccustomed Earth\"\nthat the brunch ended an hour ago. Despite this, they roam Langford together and when they arrive at one of the dorms, Megan asks about Amit sexual past and even suspects that he slept with Pam. He denies this, and they ultimately have sex in the dorm. Sudha, while visiting home in Wayland from Penn for Christmas, agrees with her teen-aged brother, Rahul, to sneak beer into their parents' house. He agrees, and even purchases vodka, too. The following summer, they see each other again, and it is revealed that Rahul first term grades at Cornell are dramatically lower than",
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"chunk_text": "\"Never Back Down\"\na choke on Jake. However Jake escapes and, with the entire crowd watching, knocks out Ryan using one of the first combinations Roqua taught him. The next day, a visibly injured Max has been released from the hospital. Jake has won the respect of his fellow students, including Ryan, and Roqua closes the gym with a ticket to Brazil, signaling his intention to reconcile with his father. Filming took place entirely in south Orlando, Sanford and Clermont, Florida. All school scenes were shot at Cypress Creek High School except the football scene in the beginning of the film and the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sleeping with the Enemy\"\nrecently taken swimming lessons at the YWCA. Laura secretly returns home, retrieves some clothing and cash she had hidden away in preparation, disguises herself, and leaves home after flushing her wedding ring down the toilet. Laura moves to Cedar Falls, Iowa. In preparation, she has told Martin that her blind mother, Chloe Williams, died and pretends to attend the funeral, but secretly moves her from a nursing home in Minneapolis to Iowa. She rents a modest house, and adopts the name Sara Waters. In Cedar Falls, she meets Ben Woodward, who teaches drama at University of Northern Iowa. A relationship",
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"chunk_text": "\"Lies (film)\"\ninserted between scenes. The film features full-frontal male and female nudity. A high school senior, Y, is friends with another girl who has struck up a correspondence with a middle-aged artist, J. After talking to him on the phone, and determined not to lose her virginity through rape as her two sisters did, she decides to have sex with him and a meeting is arranged at a cheap motel. They have sex almost as soon as they enter the motel; though she is a virgin they have oral and anal sex. In their next rendezvous he tells her about his",
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"chunk_id": "10022382",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Not Ashamed\"\nDuring her sophomore year at Columbine High School, Rachel becomes rebellious and begins sneaking out to hang out with her friends, Madison, Gabby, and Celine. During the summer, Rachel's mother sends her to her cousins in Louisiana, where her spirituality grows. The next year, on the first day of school, Rachel witnesses the jocks picking on Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold. Eric then threatens to kill them. Later on in the year, Rachel begins to get involved with the head of the drama club, Alex Dickerson, and during a rehearsal, the two kiss. Later on, at a breakthrough meeting, Rachel",
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"chunk_text": "Sleepers\nthe summer of 1967, they accidentally injure a man while pulling a prank on a hot dog vendor. The boys are sentenced to the Wilkinson Home for Boys in Upstate New York; Tommy, Michael, and John are sentenced to 12-18 months, while Shakes is given 6-12 months. There, the boys are systematically abused and raped by guards Sean Nokes, Henry Addison, Ralph Ferguson, and Adam Styler. The abuse changes the boys and their friendship forever. During the boys' stay at the facility, they participate in Wilkinson's annual football game between the guards and inmates, one that the latter lose on",
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"chunk_text": "\"Insomnia (2002 film)\"\nof the script. In the small fishing town of Nightmute, Alaska, 17-year-old Kay Connell is found murdered. LAPD detectives Will Dormer and Hap Eckhart are sent to assist the local police with their investigation, at the request of police chief Nyback, an old colleague of Dormer's. Ellie Burr, a young local detective who is also a fan of Dormer's investigative work, picks them up when they arrive. Back in LA, Internal Affairs is investigating Dormer. Flying to Alaska, Eckhart reveals that he is going to provide testimony against Dormer in exchange for immunity, to which Dormer responds that many criminals",
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"chunk_text": "\"Don't Take It Personally, Babe, It Just Ain't Your Story\"\nsee, at any time, the equivalent of texts and Facebook postings between the students on a school social network called AmieConnect (often shortened to \"\"Amie\"\"), as well as conversation threads on a 4chan-like imageboard that serve as foreshadowing for future plot points. These extra conversations take place in parallel to in-person conversations between characters, occasionally at the same time; the player is notified anytime a new text message or post is made. A single playthrough of the game takes \"\"over an hour\"\". The game is set in a private high school in Ontario, in 2027. The player follows a new",
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"chunk_id": "20003298",
"chunk_text": "\"Ball Don't Lie\"\nBall Don't Lie Ball Don't Lie is a 2008 film directed by Brin Hill. It is an adaptation of the novel of the same name, written by Matt de la Peña. It stars AND1 Mixtape team member Grayson Boucher, a.k.a. The Professor. The film premiered at the 2008 Tribeca Film Festival. \"\"Ball Don't Lie\"\" plays out over one day in the life of Sticky (Boucher), a skinny high school sophomore and basketball prodigy from Venice, California. Burdened with emotional scars from a traumatic childhood, a callous foster care system, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, Sticky manages to transcend his limitations whenever",
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"chunk_text": "\"The Moon by Night\"\n\"\"Meet the Austins\"\", which begins when Vicky is twelve years old. Vicky is fourteen going on fifteen in \"\"The Moon by Night\"\", but initially lies to Zachary that she is sixteen. After the camping trip, the Austins spend approximately a year in New York City, during which they experience the events of \"\"The Young Unicorns\"\", aided by recurring L'Engle character Canon Tallis. The following summer, in \"\"A Ring of Endless Light\"\", Vicky meets another major L'Engle character, Adam Eddington, and also renews her relationship with Zachary. The Austins' camping trip is said to begin in the spring before school lets",
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"chunk_text": "\"Going Greek\"\nactually beginning to enjoy himself. But when some of the frat brothers step up their attempts to force Gil into quitting the house, both his scholarship and his relationship with Paige are threatened. Jake must swallow his pride and turn to his fellow pledges for help into seeing the big-hearted Gil through to the end, or risk losing everything. Jake quickly learns that no man is an island, and that the friends we make in college are friends for life. Most of the college campus scenes were filmed at the University of California, Riverside in Riverside, CA. Going Greek Going",
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"chunk_text": "\"Young Americans (TV series)\"\nexplores themes of forbidden love, morality, social classes and gender roles. \"\"Young Americans\"\" is set in the town of New Rawley at a prestigious boarding school, Rawley Academy. Will Krudski, a working class New Englander, earns a scholarship to his hometown's posh boarding school, starting with the summer session, as a means of escaping his abusive father. In a moment of carelessness he confesses to his roommate, Scout, that he cheated on the entrance exam. Their professor, Finn, overhears Will and Scout discussing what to do. Before making a final decision about expelling him, Finn has Will write an essay",
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"chunk_text": "\"The Strawberry Statement (film)\"\nused on the soundtrack. Simon, a student at a fictional university in San Francisco (based on San Francisco State College) is indifferent to the student protests around him, until walking in on a naked woman in his dormitory roommate's bed. While she quickly runs over to the toilets to dress, Simon protests to his roommate that their time should only be devoted to studying, so they can get good jobs and lots of money. Coming back clothed, the woman refuses setting another date with the roommate because she'll be busy protesting. She explains the university's plan to construct a gymnasium",
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"chunk_text": "\"Zombies Calling\"\ndorm-mates at London University, a university in southern Ontario. Joss is studying for exams, but while on a snack run, she's nearly overrun by zombies. Initially afraid, the \"\"First Rule of Zombie Movies\"\" kicks in for Joss: confronted with zombies, ordinary people will transform into tough, adept and ruthless fighters. Joss survives the attack and runs back to her dorm in a panic, but Sonnet and Robyn don't believe her. The zombies have since dispersed, and are nowhere to be seen. Later, during the exam, the zombies return. Joss gets Sonnet and Robyn, and they barricade themselves in their dorm,",
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"chunk_text": "\"City That Never Sleeps\"\nacross the border to Indiana, where there is a warrant for his arrest. Biddel, knowing Stewart's plans to break into his safe to find documents with which to blackmail him, wishes to teach Stewart a lesson about loyalty, after which he plans to get him out of prison. Johnny doesn't want to do the job while still officially a cop, but Biddel compels him by revealing that Stubby, Johnny's brother, has become Stewart's protége, and will be with him for the break-in. Stewart, with an enthusiastic Stubby driving, goes to Biddel's office. However, on breaking into the safe, he finds",
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"chunk_text": "\"12:00 a.m. – 1:00 a.m.\"\npicks up Teri in his car and they search through the city of Los Angeles. Kim Bauer and her friend Janet York meet with a couple of boys, Dan and Rick, at the empty furniture store where Dan works. Kim and Rick engage in playful flirting and connect over shared experiences, while Janet and Dan get high and have sex in one of the show beds. After the two boys refuse to drive Kim home, Kim begins to feel uneasy about her situation. Senator David Palmer is preparing for a 7 AM speech when he gets a call from a",
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"chunk_text": "ShutterBox\nbecome a living muse. Traditionally, only spirits attend the university, where they are educated before being reborn into the world of the living. However, Megan is still alive. She attends college in Santa Monica, California by day and Merridiah University at night. One day, she finds mysterious pictures from the dream world in her digital camera. They reveal a mystery so deep that Megan is compelled to question her very existence and set forth on a quest to find the answers. Orientation, Damien, Adrien, and the Running of the Hyperpans The story begins right after graduation of high school in",
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"chunk_text": "Undergrads\ncollege types; including the everyman (Nitz), the \"\"frat boy\"\" (Rocko), the \"\"ladies' man\"\" (Cal), the nerd (Gimpy), the cool girl (Jessie), and the \"\"ditz\"\" (Kimmy). Typical situations depicted in the show include student loans, bad cafeteria food, questioning of identity, fraternity rivalries, odd traditions, unpleasant RAs, money problems, peer pressure, and the \"\"freshman fifteen\"\". Few episodes depict the characters in class; the one exception is Rocko's ROTC class in the episode, \"\"Financial Aid\"\". The location in the show has never been named. It appears to be a typical North American college town. However, it has been hinted in several episodes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844605",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nand eventually locks him in a storage closet, but he escapes and returns to the library. The students pass the hours by talking, arguing, and, at one point, smoking marijuana. Gradually, they open up and reveal their secrets: Allison is a compulsive liar; Andrew cannot think for himself; John comes from an abusive household; Brian was contemplating suicide over a bad grade; and Claire is a virgin who experiences peer pressure. They discover they all have strained relationships with their parents: Allison's parents ignore her; Andrew's father pushes him to the limit, especially in wrestling; John's parents physically and verbally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4991990",
"chunk_text": "\"The Party Never Stops: Diary of a Binge Drinker\"\nback in track in college and got her grades up. On the last day of the semester, Jesse's roommate Shanna goes to a college party after drinking on the roof of the building. Jesse stays the night at her boyfriend's house and returns to her dorm in the morning. Upon arrival, Jesse realizes that Shanna is gone and is still at the frat house where she spent the night. When Jessie finds Shanna she tries to wake her up and realizes that she is not just sleeping; she is dead. Shanna's lifeless body lay on the couch, unbeknownst to her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20120630",
"chunk_text": "\"Where the Truth Lies\"\nMiami television studio, entertainers Lanny Morris and Vince Collins fly north to open the new showroom of a New Jersey hotel run by mobster Sally Sanmarco, who has intimidated them into appearing in order to improve his own image. In their New Jersey hotel suite, shortly after their arrival, the nude body of Miami college student Maureen O'Flaherty is found in a bathtub. Maureen, an aspiring journalist working for the summer as a server at the comedy team's Miami hotel (which is also owned by Sanmarco), had been researching an article for her school newspaper on the comedy team, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3653732",
"chunk_text": "\"Sleepless (novel)\"\nSleepless (novel) Sleepless is a science fiction and noir detective novel by Charlie Huston, published in 2010. Set in California in a dystopic alternate present, the novel portrays a world wracked by a sleeplessness pandemic caused by a prion. About ten percent of the population are infected, and, unable to find sleep, die painfully within a year. Society is on the verge of breakdown, and armed bands have turned much of the U.S. into a war zone. The novel follows Parker Haas, an idealist LAPD officer investigating the trafficking of \"\"dreamer\"\", the only drug capable of giving the sleepless temporary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19993829",
"chunk_text": "\"My Past Is My Own\"\nKerry sleep that night, they are mysteriously transported to a small town in Georgia in the early 1960s. While there, the siblings participate in a sit-in at a segregated lunch counter. The protest is staged by a group of local teenagers and young adults—including their cousin Mariah. The siblings are horrified by the hostility and racism of local White residents, and inspired by the strength displayed by Mariah and the others as the group is harassed during the sit-in. When they awaken the following morning, the siblings find themselves back in the 1980s. No one is aware of their journey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19851217",
"chunk_text": "\"The Rules of Attraction\"\nthe film adaptations of his books, \"\"The Rules of Attraction\"\" came closest to capturing his sensibility and recreating the world he created in his novels. The novel is written in the first-person, continuing the aesthetic of Ellis' earlier \"\"Less Than Zero\"\", and is told from the points of view of multiple characters. The main narrators are three students: Paul, Sean, and Lauren. A number of other characters also provide first-hand accounts throughout the story, which takes place at the fictional Camden College, a liberal arts school on the East Coast of the United States. The three main characters (who rarely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17030524",
"chunk_text": "\"American Dreams\"\nhas graduated from high school and is now attending college at Harvard's sister school, Radcliffe. Throughout her time on the bus (and her conversation with the hippies), Meg reflects on her experiences with her family and friends. After the hippies leave, Meg is seen pensively staring out of the bus window. The next moment, Meg is standing outside of her former home in Philadelphia, having taken a detour from heading to New York. She runs into her nephew Trip (who is now much older), who tells her that he knows who she is (based on family photos). When asked, she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13551322",
"chunk_text": "\"Infinite Jest\"\ndebated which year Y.D.A.U. corresponds to in the Gregorian Calendar, with various theories supporting 2008, 2009, and 2011. The novel's primary locations are the Enfield Tennis Academy (E.T.A.) and the Ennet House Drug and Alcohol Recovery House (separated by a hillside in suburban Boston, Massachusetts). The fictional E.T.A. is a series of buildings laid out as a cardioid atop a hill on Commonwealth Avenue. Ennet House lies directly downhill from E.T.A., facilitating many of the interactions between characters residing in the two locations. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology student union also figures quite prominently in the novel. In the novel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4677589",
"chunk_text": "\"The Bone Clocks\"\nsatisfactory, Hugo then wipes his memory, but not before hinting of telling Cheeseman that Crispin put him in prison. Later during the trip, Crispin learns that Holly has cancer and likely has very little time to live. He starts a brief relationship with Holly's Spanish-language agent, one that later results in a son. By 2020 Crispin, now heavily in debt, is teaching at an Ivy League college (fictional, but resembling Bard College) in the Hudson Valley, New York. He is visited by the newly released Cheeseman, now wearing an eyepatch (believing him to be the one-eyed man of Holly's prophecy),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9157901",
"chunk_text": "\"Higher Learning\"\nof roommates generally get along. Monet and Malik attend a dorm party hosted by Fudge, an Afrocentric and militant senior. Remy, Fudge's roommate, is upset at the loud rap music being played so late. He flags down an all-white campus security patrol to break up the party. Fudge is upset that lead Officer Bradley comes down hard on the black students, but allows the room down the hall to continue their loud \"\"hillbilly\"\" music. Kristen, while walking home, meets Taryn, a junior as well as an openly lesbian student. Taryn warns her about walking alone late at night and invites",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_601
|
where was the witch of blackbird pond published?
|
n/a
|
[
"United States",
"1958",
"Houghton Mifflin"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "13133675",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nThe Witch of Blackbird Pond The Witch of Blackbird Pond is a children's novel by American author Elizabeth George Speare, published in 1958. The story takes place in late-17th century New England. It won the Newbery Medal in 1959. In April 1687, 16 year-old Katherine Tyler (known throughout the story as Kit Tyler) leaves her home in Barbados after her grandfather dies and a 50-year-old man tries to marry her. She goes to Wethersfield, Connecticut to live with her Aunt Rachel, Uncle Matthew, and her 2 cousins , Judith and Mercy, in their Puritan community. In Connecticut, there is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14456955",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nowns the ship completely head to toe and they go off to visit Uncle Matthew. Many places in the novel are actual locations in Old Wethersfield, Connecticut. They include: The Witch of Blackbird Pond The Witch of Blackbird Pond is a children's novel by American author Elizabeth George Speare, published in 1958. The story takes place in late-17th century New England. It won the Newbery Medal in 1959. In April 1687, 16 year-old Katherine Tyler (known throughout the story as Kit Tyler) leaves her home in Barbados after her grandfather dies and a 50-year-old man tries to marry her. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20605232",
"chunk_text": "\"Buttolph–Williams House\"\nrole in the Newbery Medal-winning book \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\", by Elizabeth George Speare. The house was declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1968. Connecticut Landmarks also operates other historic house museums, including: Buttolph–Williams House The Buttolph–Williams House is a historic house museum at 249 Broad Street in Wethersfield, Connecticut. Built in 1711, it is one of the oldest surviving houses in the town. It is owned by Connecticut Landmarks, a historic preservation organization, and is open for regular tours between May and October. it was designated a National Historic",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133684",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nbelieves Kit fears risking her engagement to William Ashby. After the \"\"Dolphin\"\" sails away, Kit returns home to find that Mercy's fever has broken. In the middle of the same night, the townspeople come for Kit; Goodwife Cruff's husband has accused Kit of being a witch. The next day, after a night in the sheriff's freezing shed, she is asked to explain the presence of her hornbook in Hannah's house and a copybook with Prudence's name written throughout, as the townspeople fear that she and Hannah had been casting a spell over the girl. Kit refuses to explain that it",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133682",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nof the \"\"Dolphin\"\". Without realizing it, she falls in love with him, and though he doesn't say so, Nat loves her as well. Unfortunately, Nat is banished from Wethersfield after setting lit jack-o-lanterns in the windows of William Ashby's unfinished home with two of his shipmates out of jealousy; he will get 30 lashes if he returns to Wethersfield. Kit also begins secretly teaching Prudence to read and write; Goodwife Cruff claims the child is a halfwit and refuses to allow her to attend the dame school. When a deadly illness sweeps through Wethersfield, a mob gathers to kill Hannah",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17292066",
"chunk_text": "\"Webb-Deane-Stevens Museum\"\nheadquarters and has been restored to a late 18th-century appearance. There is a Colonial Revival garden out back and a 19th-century barn. The Silas Deane House has been restored to a mid-18th century appearance. The Isaac Stevens House has been restored to reflect a middle-class family of the 1820s-1830s using many original family items. The Webb-Deane-Stevens Museum also manages the nearby 1715 Buttolph-Williams House which is owned by Connecticut Landmarks. The interior features rare 17th and early 18th century antiques and was the setting for Elizabeth George Speare’s Newbery Medal-winning novel \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\" (1958). The Museum is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133680",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nshe does not care for him; originally, her cousin Judith had hoped to marry William, but soon sets her sights on John Holbrook, now a divinity student studying with local minister Gershom Bulkeley. Kit's life improves when she and Mercy begin teaching the dame school for the young children of Wethersfield who are preparing for traditional school. Everything goes well until one day, bored with the normal lessons, Kit decides the children will act out a part from the Bible, the tale of the Good Samaritan. Mr. Eleazer Kimberly, the head of the school, enters the house just as things",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14456941",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nbrief stop in Saybrook, a small town just downriver from Wethersfield, where four new passengers board the \"\"Dolphin\"\", the ship on which Kit is traveling. As the small rowboat returns to the ship, a small girl named Prudence accidentally drops her doll in the water and begs her mother to get it back for her. Her mother, Goodwife Cruff, harshly strikes Prudence and tells her not to be foolish. Impulsively, Kit jumps into the water and retrieves the doll. She nearly freezes in the frigid water because she was used to the pleasantly warm water in Barbados, her old home.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14584735",
"chunk_text": "\"B.P.R.D.: The Soul of Venice and Other Stories\"\ndraining of the town pond in Shiloh, Massachusetts reveals the perfectly preserved corpses of three sisters killed during a witch-hunt in 1693 Sapien and Roger are sent to investigate. Pastor Blackwood a descendant of the town’s original Witchfinder General becomes possessed by the cursed water and attempts to destroy the bodies but Sapien is able to initiate a proper Christian funeral service for the sisters that sends them to their eternal rest taking Blackwood with them. This story written by Geoff Johns and Scott Kolins with art by Scott Kolins and Dave Stewart was published in \"\"B.P.R.D.: Night Train\"\" (September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15664682",
"chunk_text": "\"Rehmeyer's Hollow\"\nRehmeyer's Hollow Rehmeyer's Hollow, also known as Hex Hollow, is located in Central Pennsylvania (York County) near the Maryland border. The area was brought to national attention by a murder that occurred there in 1928. The name of the hollow was later changed to Spring Valley County Park. In 1928, under the malicious advice of a local witch named Nellie Noll (known as the River Witch of Marietta), John Blymire believed that he had been cursed by Nelson Rehmeyer. Blymire and his accomplices broke into Rehmeyer's home to find his copy of the braucherei 'spell book', the Long Lost Friend.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7471412",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch's Garden\"\nThe Witch's Garden The Witch's Garden is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Lidia Postma. It was first published in the Netherlands in 1978 under the title De Heksentuin, and was distributed in the United States by McGraw-Hill the following year. A group of children pass a little brick house on their way home from school each day. Trees cast ominous looking shadows upon an unruly, overgrown garden. The children believe the elderly woman who inhabits the house is a witch. In an attempt to frighten her, they create a monster costume from various household items they have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5626235",
"chunk_text": "\"Philippa Powys\"\nof them republished in 1992 in \"\"Driftwood and Other Poems\"\"). That year also saw her only success as a novelist with \"\"The Blackthorn Winter\"\", published by Constable in London and by Richard R. Smith in New York, and to be reissued for the first time in late January 2007 by The Sundial Press. She also kept a journal over several decades which is being edited. In 1957 Philippa Powys moved to the village of Buckland Newton in Dorset where she died six years later. Two previously unpublished novellas, \"\"Sorrel Barn\"\" and \"\"The Tragedy of Budvale\"\", were published by Sundial Press",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133685",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nis Prudence herself who wrote her name in the book, as she does not wish Prudence to get in trouble with her parents. Then, just as the case seems to be decided, Nat appears with Prudence, who testifies that she herself wrote her name in the hornbook. To demonstrate her literacy, Prudence reads a Bible passage and writes her name, thus convincing her father both that she is intelligent and that no witchcraft could be involved, as the devil would be foolish to allow a child to be taught to use the Bible against himself. While Nat is initially in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133679",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nsays that they would welcome her because she is family. When she arrives in Wethersfield, Kit finds Wethersfield very different from Barbados. In her previous home, she had servants, but here she is expected to work along with the rest of the family. There is none of the luxury to which she was accustomed, and even the weather is miserably cold. She has two cousins, Mercy (who is crippled) and Judith. She is required to attend church meeting services twice each Sunday, which she finds long and dull. She meets the rich, 25-year-old William Ashby, who begins courting her, though",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2075593",
"chunk_text": "\"Marilyn Fain Apseloff\"\n\"\"They Wrote for Children Too: An Annotated Bibliography of Children's Books by Famous Writers for Adults\"\". Apseloff's third book, \"\"Elizabeth George Speare\"\", published in 1991, focused on the American writer and Newbery Medal winner's works for children, including \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\" and \"\"The Sign of the Beaver\"\". Apseloff contributed articles entitled \"\"Literature for Children\"\" to the \"\"World Book Year Book\"\" every year from 1984 through 2004. Marilyn Fain Apseloff Marilyn Fain Apseloff (March 18, 1934 - February 22, 2018) was an American author and a professor at Kent State University, known for her study of children's literature. Apseloff",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19750268",
"chunk_text": "\"A Discovery of Witches\"\nelements of this novel sprang directly from Harkness' own life: she has spent many hours engaged in research in the Bodleian Library, and in the course of her own research, Harkness discovered an ancient—and long-lost—book of spells, the Book of Soyga. \"\"A Discovery of Witches\"\" first achieved attention from publishers at the 2009 Frankfurt Book Fair. It was then published by Viking Press for a North American release in February 2011. The novel was commercially successful, debuting at number two in Hardcover Fiction on the \"\"New York Times\"\" Best Seller list, and number eight on the \"\"USA Today\"\" Best-Selling Book",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14456942",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nWhen she returns to the rowboat, she is met with astonished suspicion, as few people in Connecticut could swim so well. Goodwife Cruff is the most cynical of them all, believing Kit is a witch, saying, \"\"No respectable woman could stay afloat like that.\"\" But Kit knew how to swim because she lived in the islands. On the slow trip upriver, Kit befriends John Holbrook, another passenger coming to Wethersfield to study with Reverend Gershom Bulkeley. After the \"\"Dolphin\"\" reaches Wethersfield, Kit admits to the captain of the ship that neither her aunt nor uncle knows she is coming. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16640765",
"chunk_text": "\"Wethersfield, Connecticut\"\nthe setting for the children's novel \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\" by Elizabeth George Speare, as well as the setting of the one-act play \"\"The Valiant\"\" by Holworthy Hall and Robert Middlemas. Actor-turned-author Thomas Tryon used his native Wethersfield as the setting for his action/romance novels \"\"The Wings of the Morning\"\" and \"\"In the Fire of Spring\"\", as well as a mystery/horror novel \"\"The Other\"\" and a film of the same name. The short film \"\"Disneyland Dream\"\" features the Barstow family from Wethersfield, including footage of their neighborhood. In the autobiography of Malcolm X by Alex Haley Malcolm X recounts",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133681",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nget out of hand. He is outraged at Kit for having the audacity to act out something from the Bible and shuts down the school. Heartbroken, Kit flees to the meadows where she meets and befriends the kind, elderly Hannah Tupper, who was outlawed from the Massachusetts colony because she is a Quaker, and does not attend Meeting. As fellow outcasts, Kit and Hannah develop a deep bond, and even after her uncle forbids Kit to continue the friendship, Kit keeps visiting Hannah. During one of her visits, she again meets the handsome Nathaniel (Nat) Eaton, son of the captain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9148413",
"chunk_text": "\"Black House (novel)\"\nBlack House (novel) Black House is a horror novel by American writers Stephen King and Peter Straub. Published in 2001, it is the sequel to \"\"The Talisman\"\". This is one of King's numerous novels, which also include \"\"Hearts in Atlantis\"\" and \"\"Insomnia\"\", that tie in with the \"\"Dark Tower\"\" series. \"\"Black House\"\" was nominated to the Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel. The novel is set in Straub's homeland Wisconsin, rather than in King's frequently used backdrop of Maine. The town of \"\"French Landing\"\" is a fictionalized version of the town of Trempealeau, Wisconsin. Also, \"\"Centralia\"\" is named after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16817627",
"chunk_text": "\"Gershom Bulkeley\"\nwhere he served for roughly 5 years. He then became minister of the Congregational church in the town of Wethersfield, Connecticut where he served until 1677. He left the ministry and practiced as a physician in Glastonbury, CT. He is mentioned in \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\" as a tutor of a student named John Holbrook who is learning to be a minister. Gershom Bulkeley Gershom Bulkeley was a Christian minister and physician who was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1635 to Reverend Peter Bulkeley and Grace Chetwoode Bulkeley. His father, a graduate of St. John’s College, Cambridge was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6961698",
"chunk_text": "\"Adriana Mather\"\nrealistic and arresting character cancer transformations ever\"\". After completing Honeyglue, Mather started working on her debut novel \"\"How to Hang a Witch\"\", part ghost story, part historical fiction, set in Salem, Massachusetts, where the infamous Salem Witch Trials took place. In November 2014 it was announced that Mather sold the rights to \"\"How to Hang a Witch\"\" to Knopf Books for Young Readers/ Random House in a two-book deal. \"\"How to Hang a Witch\"\" was published on July 26, 2016. The second book, Haunting the Deep, was published on October 3, 2017. Mather's next film project is titled We Are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19960974",
"chunk_text": "\"Samuel A. Talcott\"\nThomas Grosvenor Talcott (1819-1870). He was a leading member of the Albany Regency and was New York State Attorney General from 1821 to 1829, when he was forced to resign \"\"due to irregular habits\"\", a then-used euphemism for what is now called a \"\"drinking problem\"\". Afterward, he practiced law in New York City. He is mentioned briefly as a character in \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\", written by Elizabeth George Speare in 1958. Samuel A. Talcott Samuel Austin Talcott (December 31, 1789 Hartford, Connecticut – March 19, 1836 New York City) was an American lawyer and politician. He was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2173463",
"chunk_text": "Goodwife\nHawthorne's short story \"\"Young Goodman Brown\"\", the novels \"\"Magnus\"\" by George Mackay Brown, \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\" (name Goodwife Cruff) by Elizabeth George Speare, and Mossflower by Brian Jacques. Although the expression \"\"Goody Two-Shoes\"\" is sometimes credited to the children's book \"\"The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes\"\" (1765), the expression appears as far back as a century earlier. Goodwife Goodwife (Scots: \"\"Guidwife\"\"), usually abbreviated Goody, was a polite form of address for women, formerly used where \"\"Mrs.\"\", \"\"Miss\"\" and \"\"Ms.\"\" would be used today. Its male counterpart is Goodman. However, a woman addressed by this title was of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4547281",
"chunk_text": "\"HEX (2013 novel)\"\noriginal Dutch version. Film and television rights for \"\"HEX\"\" have been purchased by Warner Brothers. The novel is set in the town of Black Spring, New York (Beek in the original Dutch version), where its inhabitants are routinely terrorized by the ghost of the Black Rock Witch. The witch was formerly a woman by the name of Katherine van Wyler, who was put to death in 1664 and had her eyes and mouth sewn shut after death. She will randomly appear in places throughout Black Spring and the townpeople track her progress via the HEX mobile app, which they use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7893095",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisa Venable Kyle\"\neach story is provided at the end of the story. \"\"The Witch of Pungo\"\" is based on Grace Sherwood, a woman who was accused of witchcraft in February 1706 and tried by ducking: \"\"If Grace would float in consecrated water, as she did after being ducked in the Lynnhaven River off what is now called Witchduck Point, then she was deemed guilty of witchcraft\"\". Sherwood spent seven years in jail and then lived on a farm granted by Governor Alexander Spotswood. The book was published in 1973 by Printcraft Press, Portsmouth, Virginia, reissued in 1978 in Four O'Clock Farms Publishing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5019223",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Spring (novel)\"\nBlack Spring (novel) Black Spring is a novel by the American writer Henry Miller, published in 1936 by the Obelisk Press in Paris, France. \"\"Black Spring\"\" was Miller's second published novel, following \"\"Tropic of Cancer\"\" and preceding \"\"Tropic of Capricorn\"\". The book was written in 1932-33 while Miller was living in Clichy, a northwestern suburb of Paris. It is divided in ten almost independent sections. Like \"\"Tropic of Cancer\"\", the book is dedicated to Anaïs Nin. \"\"Black Spring\"\" was published by Obelisk Press in Paris in 1936 but not published in the United States until 1963 due to obscenity laws.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18964121",
"chunk_text": "\"The Water-Witch\"\nThe Water-Witch The Water Witch is an 1830 novel by James Fenimore Cooper. Set in 17th century New York and the surrounding sea, the novel depicts the abduction of a woman, Alida de Barbérie, by the pirate captain of the brigantine \"\"Water Witch\"\", and the subsequent pursuit of that elusive ship by her suitor, Captain Ludlow. Cooper wrote the novel, while on an extended tour of Europe, during his stay in the villa Palazzu detta del Tasso near Naples. Cooper tried to print the novel while he was in Italy in 1829 but Papal censors forbade its publication in Italy.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6360991",
"chunk_text": "\"Walden Media\"\nthe world record of 155,528 students from 737 schools in the United Kingdom who read William Wordsworth's poem, \"\"Daffodils\"\" in 2004. The company is named after Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts. Its logo is a rock skipping across a pond. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH PENGUIN BOOKS FOR YOUNG READERS Walden Media Walden Media, LLC or Walden Media is an American film investor, distributor, and publishing company best known as the producers of \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\" series. Its films are based on notable classic or award-winning children's literature, compelling biographies or historical events, as well as documentaries and some original screenplays.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7645382",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lace Reader\"\nwere ultimately rescued from their plight by male heros. Unsatisfied, I wondered if I could write a Hero’s Journey for women where the strong but wounded heroine must find a way to save herself. The Lace Reader The Lace Reader (2006) is a novel by Brunonia Barry. The novel is set in Salem, Massachusetts, the American town famous for the Salem witch trials. The novel came to be well known for its unusual route to mainstream publishing. Originally self-published by the author it became a local success story, got rave reviews in many places including \"\"Publishers Weekly\"\", and was eventually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178128",
"chunk_text": "\"The Three Witch Maidens\"\nThe Three Witch Maidens The Three Witch Maidens was originally published in the United Kingdom in 1972, by Methuen & Co. Ltd.. This entry, however, refers to the 1977 paperback version published by The Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. under its Beaver Books imprint. The book is an anthology of 15 fairy tales from around the world that have been collected and retold by Ruth Manning-Sanders. It is one in a long series of such anthologies by Manning-Sanders. The back cover states: \"\"Magical characters and strange devices — a Swedish genie, a young African girl for whom the sun means disaster,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6081589",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Edmonton\"\ndepicts a bigamist who murders his second wife at the devil's prompting, and the other depicts a clownish yokel who befriends the devil-dog. Written and first acted in 1621, the play was not published until 1658. It was entered into the Stationers' Register on 21 May that year; the edition that followed was issued by the bookseller Edward Blackmore. The title page of the first edition attributes the play to \"\"divers well-esteemed Poets; William Rowley, Thomas Dekker, John Ford, &c.\"\" Scholars have generally ignored the \"\"et cetera\"\" and assigned the play to the three named playwrights—though a few have noted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17657325",
"chunk_text": "Aladore\nexpired in the United States, and thus now resides in the public domain there. The text is available via Google Book Search. Aladore Aladore is a classic allegorical fantasy novel written by English poet Henry Newbolt. It was first published in hardcover by William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, in 1914. An American edition from E. P. Dutton & Company, followed in 1915. Its first paperback edition came as the fifth volume of the Newcastle Forgotten Fantasy Library in September, 1975. The story takes the form of a quest exploring in allegorical fashion the qualities of youth, duty, self and heritage.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15778904",
"chunk_text": "\"Eleazer Kimberly\"\nwas married three times and had five children. He built the Kimberly Mansion in the early 18th century. Kimberly was also a minor character in the 1958 children's historical novel, \"\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\". Eleazer Kimberly Eleazer Kimberly (November 17, 1639 - February 3, 1709) was the sixth Secretary of the State of Connecticut. Born in New Haven, Connecticut, to Thomas Kimberly and Alice Atwood of England, Kimberly was reportedly the first male child born in New Haven. He was a schoolmaster in Wethersfield from 1661 to 1689. In the 1690s, he held several positions in Glastonbury, including Commissioner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5131185",
"chunk_text": "\"Edwin Evans Ewing\"\nwriting poetry. His first published novel, \"\"The Hag of the Wallowish,\"\" originally appeared as a serial in \"\"The Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper\"\" beginning on October 10, 1849. Ewing based the characters in his novel off of his neighbors, and the \"\"Wallowish\"\" represented the Octoraro Creek. In 1868, the story was published by Irwin and Erastus Beadle under the title, \"\"The Witch of the Wallowish.\"\" Ewing's second novel, called, \"\"The Bee Hunter,\"\" was published in 1866. After a trip to Texas in 1856, Ewing wrote about his travel experiences in a series of letters published in the \"\"Cecil Whig\"\" of Elkton, Maryland.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4178129",
"chunk_text": "\"The Three Witch Maidens\"\nan apple which rolls across a silver dish to reveal the whole world — wait to be discovered in this collection of folk and fairy tales from many lands. For readers of all ages.\"\" The Three Witch Maidens The Three Witch Maidens was originally published in the United Kingdom in 1972, by Methuen & Co. Ltd.. This entry, however, refers to the 1977 paperback version published by The Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. under its Beaver Books imprint. The book is an anthology of 15 fairy tales from around the world that have been collected and retold by Ruth Manning-Sanders. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8264377",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch's Garden\"\nthe woman's otherworldly friends. When the children depart, they are unsure as to whether the day's events really took place or if they were imagined. However, they each return to their homes with a renewed sense of wonder and a newfound respect and fondness for the woman. Lidia Postma was born in Hoorn, the Netherlands in 1952. She is the author and/or illustrator of many children's books as well as adult's fantasy books. The Witch's Garden The Witch's Garden is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Lidia Postma. It was first published in the Netherlands in 1978 under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133686",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\ntrouble for returning and evades capture, Matthew Wood intervenes on his behalf and gets the sentence remitted because Nat came back to see justice done, not to cause further mayhem. Soon after, two engagements are announced: Mercy to John Holbrook and Judith to William Ashby. Kit decides to return to Barbados. However, she soon realizes that she is truly in love with Nat, and she waits for him to return. Nat returns to Wethersfield with his half bought ship, the \"\"Witch\"\", named after for Kit. Kit asks to come on board the \"\"Witch\"\" but Nat says no, not until he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3676832",
"chunk_text": "\"Lewis Turco\"\nof the New England Book Festival in the same year. Since 2012 he has been in the Honour Committee of Immagine & Poesia, the artistic literary movement founded in Turin, Italy, with the patronage of Aeronwy Thomas (Dylan Thomas's daughter). Turco also published work under the pseudonym Wesli Court, which is an anagram of his name. Turco lives in Dresden Mills, Maine. Recent books are Satan's Scourge, a Narrative of the Age of Witchcraft in England and New England 1580-1697; La Famiglia / the Family, Memoirs, and a free on-line e-chapbook of poems titled Attic, Shed, and Barn, all published",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5786311",
"chunk_text": "\"Billy Bob Buttons\"\nBilly Bob Buttons Billy Bob Buttons (born 25 September 1970) the pen name of Edward Hugh Trayer, is a British-born children, young adult and adult novelist. He is the author of sixteen books to date including: \"\"Felicity Brady and the Wizard's Bookshop\"\" (\"\"Galibrath's Will\"\", \"\"Articulus Quest\"\", \"\"Incantus Gothmog\"\", \"\"Glumweedy's Devil\"\" and \"\"Crowl's Creepers\"\"), \"\"The Gullfoss Legends\"\"\"\"Tor Assassin Hunter\"\", \"\"Tor Wolf Rising\"\", \"\"Tiffany Sparrow\"\" and \"\"I Think I Murdered Miss\"\". He is published by The Wishing Shelf Press. In 2011, \"\"Felicity Brady and the Wizard's Bookshop\"\" was longlisted for the International Rubery Book Award, and \"\"Tor Assassin Hunter\"\" was a runner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3951237",
"chunk_text": "Lithobolia\nLithobolia Lithobolia is a 7,000-word narrative folk tale by \"\"Richard Chamberlayne\"\" first printed in London 1698. It is considered an early example of esoteric literature and supernatural horror writing, and has been compared to modern poltergeist stories. Lithobolia, or stone throwing Devil. Being an Exact and True account (by way of Journal) of the various actions of infernal Spirits or (Devils Incarnate) Witches or both: and the great Disturbance and Amazement they gave to George Walton's family at a place called Great Island in the province of New Hampshire in New England, chiefly in throwing about (by an Invisible hand)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18615937",
"chunk_text": "\"Diana L. Paxson\"\nat her home, Greyhaven, in Berkeley, California. \"\"Lady of Light\"\" and \"\"Lady of Darkness\"\" have been republished in the U.S. as a single volume under the name \"\"Mistress of the Jewels\"\" (1991), and in the UK as \"\"Lady of Light, Lady of Darkness\"\" (1990) These were also published in two volumes, as \"\"The Hallowed Isle: Books I & II\"\" (2000) and \"\"Books III & IV\"\" (2001) In collaboration with Adrienne Martine-Barnes: In collaboration with Marion Zimmer Bradley: As sole author: Paxson has authored the following stories from the Sword and Sorceress series, an annual anthology of fantasy stories: https://web.archive.org/web/20170312220955/http://www.sca50year.org/founders.html Diana",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1420176",
"chunk_text": "\"Son of a Witch\"\nWitch\"\" was first released on September 27, 2005 in hardcover format by Regan Books. Almost exactly a year later, on September 26, 2006, the paperback edition was released in the United States. A second edition of the paperback was released shortly thereafter on October 26, 2006. \"\"Son of a Witch\"\" elaborates significantly on the history of Oz as established in Baum's books, but in a way very different from its predecessor. The second Oz novel by Baum, \"\"The Marvelous Land of Oz\"\", recounts the dethronement of the ruler of Oz, the Scarecrow, by General Jinjur and her all-female army, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9855208",
"chunk_text": "\"The Worst Witch\"\nto \"\"put it in a drawer\"\" and decide to \"\"concentrate on other things instead.\"\" After working as a nanny and in a children’s home, Murphy had a phone call from a small publisher interested in the book. \"\"The Worst Witch\"\" was finally published in 1974, when Murphy was 24. \"\"The Worst Witch\"\" () was first published in 1974 by Allison & Busby, who took the book on after it had been turned down by three other publishers. The novel begins with Mildred Hubble and the upcoming traditional assembly where all of the first-years are given their own black cats that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16703327",
"chunk_text": "\"Paula Brackston\"\nborn in Dorset, England, and grew up in Wales, where she now lives with her partner and their two children. She has lived in Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales, where \"\"The Winter Witch\"\" takes place, and spent six years in central London near Fitzroy Square, where \"\"The Midnight Witch\"\" is set in seventeenth-century England. Elizabeth Anne Hawksmith, the main character of \"\"The Witch's Daughter\"\", lived in Brackston's hometown of Dorset. Brackston's debut novel, \"\"The Witch’s Daughter\"\", was originally published in February 2009 under the title \"\"The Book of Shadows\"\" and was intended as the first book in the proposed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133683",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch of Blackbird Pond\"\nby burning her house, since everyone believes she is a witch who has cursed the town. Kit risks her life to warn Hannah, and the two women escape to the river just as the \"\"Dolphin\"\" appears from the early morning mist. Kit flags it down, and she explains to Nat the events of the night. Hannah refuses to leave without her cat, so Nat courageously dashes ashore, risking trouble with the town council for stepping foot in Wethersfield. After taking Hannah aboard, Nat then invites Kit to come with them. She refuses, explaining how Mercy is gravely ill, though Nat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17415734",
"chunk_text": "\"Summer Lightning\"\nSummer Lightning Summer Lightning is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse, first published in the United States on 1 July 1929 by Doubleday, Doran, New York, under the title Fish Preferred, and in the United Kingdom on 19 July 1929 by Herbert Jenkins, London. It was serialised in \"\"The Pall Mall Magazine\"\" (UK) between March and August 1929 and in Collier's (US) from 6 April to 22 June 1929. It forms part of the Blandings Castle saga, being the third full-length novel to be set there, after \"\"Something Fresh\"\" (1915) and \"\"Leave It to Psmith\"\" (1923). \"\"Heavy Weather\"\" (1933) forms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12508491",
"chunk_text": "\"The Witch's Tales\"\nmagazine's two issues were dated November and December 1936, and numbered as a single volume of two issues. The publisher was The Carwood Publishing Co., of New York, and the editor was Tom Chadburn. The magazine was in bedsheet format, with 48 pages, and was priced at 15 cents. The Witch's Tales The Witch's Tales was an American pulp magazine edited by Tom Chadburn which published two issues in November and December 1936. It was a companion to a radio program, called \"\"The Witch's Tale\"\", which had begun broadcasting in May 1931. With the exception of the lead story in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3951241",
"chunk_text": "Lithobolia\napparent witchcraft in America. News of it traveled throughout America and England. Within a few years, accusations of witchcraft would occur in other New England towns, culminating in the famous witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts. Lithobolia Lithobolia is a 7,000-word narrative folk tale by \"\"Richard Chamberlayne\"\" first printed in London 1698. It is considered an early example of esoteric literature and supernatural horror writing, and has been compared to modern poltergeist stories. Lithobolia, or stone throwing Devil. Being an Exact and True account (by way of Journal) of the various actions of infernal Spirits or (Devils Incarnate) Witches or both:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1929542",
"chunk_text": "\"The Worst Witch\"\neach year: the Winter term, from September to January, and the Summer term, from March to July. In \"\"First Prize for the Worst Witch\"\", the most recent book, Mildred is in the Summer term of her fourth year. The author Jill Murphy began writing \"\"The Worst Witch\"\" at the age of 15, while still at school, and based many points of the stories on her own school experiences at Ursuline Convent in Wimbledon, England, with Singing becoming Chanting, Chemistry becoming Potions and so on. Recalling how she got the idea for the story, she said: \"\"My two friends and I",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_602
|
when was the last time there was a school shooting in canada?
|
n/a
|
[
"January 22, 2016"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7172125",
"chunk_text": "\"Mass shooting\"\nthe 2002 Yaroslavsky shooting, the 2002 Moscow theater hostage crisis, the 2004 Beslan school siege, the 2012 Moscow shooting, the 2013 Belgorod shooting, and the 2014 Moscow school shooting. Notable mass shootings in Canada include the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre, the 1992 Concordia University massacre, the 2012 Danzig Street shooting, the 2014 Edmonton killings, the 2017 Quebec City mosque shooting, and the 2018 Danforth shooting. Notable mass shootings in Mexico include the 2010 Chihuahua shootings. In one study by criminologist Adam Lankford, it was estimated that 31% of public mass shootings occur in the US, although it has only 5%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17907244",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nsong is a stinging indictment of politicians sending out their “thoughts and prayers” to the victims of the Feb. 14 attack at Marjory Stoneman Douglas high school and other mass shootings, while consistently resisting any attempt at meaningful gun reform. This article is listed in chronological order and provides additional details of incidents in which a firearm was discharged at a school in Canada, including incidents of shootings on a school bus. Mass killings in Canada are covered by a List of massacres in Canada. The following is a list of incidents of shootings that occurred at schools in Mexico.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16382904",
"chunk_text": "\"St. Pius X High School shooting\"\nSt. Pius X High School shooting The St. Pius X High School shooting occurred on October 27, 1975, at St. Pius X High School in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was Canada's second recorded school shooting. The gunman, Robert Poulin, an 18-year-old St. Pius student, opened fire on his classmates with a shotgun, killing a 17-year-old classmate named Mark Hough and wounding six others before killing himself with a single shotgun wound to the head. Earlier that day, Poulin had raped and sodomized a 17-year-old Sri Lankan girl named Kim Rabot in his own bedroom before stabbing her to death. That",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902846",
"chunk_text": "\"W. R. Myers High School shooting\"\nW. R. Myers High School shooting The W. R. Myers High School shooting was a school shooting that occurred on April 28, 1999, at W. R. Myers High School in Taber, Alberta, Canada. The gunman, 14-year-old Todd Cameron Smith, walked into his school and began firing at three students in a hallway, killing one student and wounding another student. It was the first fatal high-school shooting in Canada in more than two decades. The incident began when Smith entered the school campus armed with a .22-calibre rifle and hundreds of rounds of ammunition. As lunch concluded, he fired at three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026731",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nmedia but not supported by any data (Anderson, 2004). School shootings are a \"\"modern phenomenon\"\". There were scattered instances of gunmen or bombers attacking schools in the years before the Frontier Middle School shooting in Moses Lake, Washington in 1996, \"\"but they were lower profile\"\", according to journalist Malcolm Gladwell in 2015. Beginning in the late 1990s, there has been a steep increase in the frequency of school shootings across the globe. In the United States specifically, the most recent trend has been downward following the spikes of the 1990s, yet at the same time they are trending towards a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16382906",
"chunk_text": "\"St. Pius X High School shooting\"\nsex and pornography, having repeatedly written in his diaries about his desire to experience sex before he died. A book entitled \"\"Rape of a Normal Mind\"\" was later written about the incident. St. Pius X High School shooting The St. Pius X High School shooting occurred on October 27, 1975, at St. Pius X High School in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was Canada's second recorded school shooting. The gunman, Robert Poulin, an 18-year-old St. Pius student, opened fire on his classmates with a shotgun, killing a 17-year-old classmate named Mark Hough and wounding six others before killing himself with a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7903112",
"chunk_text": "\"Brampton Centennial Secondary School shooting\"\ngoing to eliminate two teachers\"\" (including Mrs. Wright). He wanted to get revenge because he hated the school system. Brampton Centennial Secondary School shooting The Brampton Centennial Secondary School shooting was a school shooting that occurred at Brampton Centennial Secondary School in Brampton, Ontario, Canada on Wednesday May 28, 1975, at 11:35 a.m. The school closed for the remainder of the week following the shooting, and re-opened the following Monday. The incident began when 16-year-old Michael Slobodian brought two rifles to school in a guitar case. Slobodian began firing in a boys' washroom. Slobodian first killed fellow student John Slinger",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17907239",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\ntook place on K–12 school property in 2018 that resulted in firearm-related injuries or deaths, including 32 killed and 65 injured, according to \"\"Education Week\"\". 22 school shootings where someone was hurt or killed occurred in the United States in the first 20 weeks of 2018, according to CNN. As of October 2018, the ten deadliest school shootings in the United States since the 1999 Columbine High School massacre in Colorado in which 13 were killed were the: Other infamous school shootings that occurred in the United States include the 1966 University of Texas tower shooting in Austin in which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15620737",
"chunk_text": "\"St. Pius X High School (Ottawa)\"\ndeath prior to the incident. He also attempted to burn down the house after he killed Kim Rabot. A book entitled \"\"Rape of a Normal Mind\"\" was written about the incident. St. Pius X High School (Ottawa) St. Pius X High School is a secondary school in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1958, the school, operated by the publicly funded Ottawa Catholic School Board, teaches grades 9-12. As of September 2012, enrollment stands at around 900 students. St. Pius X High School was the scene of Canada's second school shooting on October 27, 1975. The gunman, Robert Poulin, an 18-year-old",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026739",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\ninspiration. At least 68 schools that experienced a school shooting employed a police officer or security guard; in all but a few, the shooting ended before any intercession. Security guards or resource officers were present during four of the five school shooting incidents with the highest number of dead or injured: the 1999 Columbine High School massacre in Colorado, the 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, the 2018 Marshall County High School shooting in Kentucky, and the 2001 Santana High School shooting in California. There were 11 firearm-related events that occurred at a school or campus in the first 23",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16383066",
"chunk_text": "\"Brampton Centennial Secondary School shooting\"\nBrampton Centennial Secondary School shooting The Brampton Centennial Secondary School shooting was a school shooting that occurred at Brampton Centennial Secondary School in Brampton, Ontario, Canada on Wednesday May 28, 1975, at 11:35 a.m. The school closed for the remainder of the week following the shooting, and re-opened the following Monday. The incident began when 16-year-old Michael Slobodian brought two rifles to school in a guitar case. Slobodian began firing in a boys' washroom. Slobodian first killed fellow student John Slinger in the washroom and wounded two others. He then entered the hallway and continued shooting, wounding several students. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9717176",
"chunk_text": "\"St. Pius X High School (Ottawa)\"\nSt. Pius X High School (Ottawa) St. Pius X High School is a secondary school in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1958, the school, operated by the publicly funded Ottawa Catholic School Board, teaches grades 9-12. As of September 2012, enrollment stands at around 900 students. St. Pius X High School was the scene of Canada's second school shooting on October 27, 1975. The gunman, Robert Poulin, an 18-year-old St. Pius student, opened fire on his classmates with a 12 gauge double-barreled shotgun, killing one and wounding five before killing himself. Poulin had raped and stabbed 17-year-old Kim Rabot to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10683482",
"chunk_text": "\"Anti-Quebec sentiment\"\nBarbara Kay's article for \"\"undue provocation\"\" and \"\"generalizations suitable to perpetuate prejudices\"\". On September 13, 2006, a perpetrator at Dawson College in Westmount, Quebec committed murder-suicide after wounding several other people. Three days later, the national newspaper, \"\"The Globe and Mail\"\", published a front-page article by Jan Wong titled, \"\"Get under the desk\"\". In the article, she linked all three school shootings of the last decades in Montreal, including those in 1989 at the École Polytechnique and the 1992 shootings at Concordia University, to the purported alienation brought about by \"\"the decades-long linguistic struggle.\"\" A number of Quebec journalists denounced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026736",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nof the students who experienced school shootings were African American although African American students were 16.6% of the school population. Schools in at least 36 states and the District of Columbia have experienced a shooting. Many school shootings in the United States result in one non-fatal injury. The type of firearm most commonly used in school shootings in the United States is the handgun. The three most lethal school shootings, the 1999 Columbine High School massacre in Colorado, the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Connecticut, and the 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting in Florida, accounted for 43%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026740",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\ndays of 2018. As of May 2018, more people, including students and teachers, were killed in 2018 in schools in the United States than were killed in military service for the United States, including both combat and non-combat military service, according to an analysis by \"\"The Washington Post\"\". In terms of the year-to-date number of individual deadly school shootings incidents in the United States, early 2018 was much higher than 2017, with 16 in 2018 and four in 2017, through May; the year-to-day through May number of incidents was the highest since 1999. As of May 2018, thirteen school shootings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2146726",
"chunk_text": "\"Jan Wong controversy\"\nJan Wong controversy The Jan Wong controversy refers to a claim made by Jan Wong on September 16, 2006, three days after the shooting at Dawson College in Montreal. Canada’s nationally distributed newspaper of record, \"\"The Globe and Mail\"\", published a front-page article titled, \"\"Get under the desk,\"\" by Jan Wong. In the article, Ms. Wong controversially linked all three Quebec school shootings of the last two decades—1989 École Polytechnique Massacre (15 deaths), 1992 Concordia University Massacre (4 deaths), and 2006 Dawson College Shooting (2 deaths)—to the purported alienation brought about by \"\"the decades-long linguistic struggle\"\" within the province. Public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3140097",
"chunk_text": "\"Generation Z\"\nor voice, while neo-digital natives use video or movies. This emphasizes the shift from PC to mobile and text to video among the neo-digital population. In March 2018, survivors of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, themselves members of Generation Z, started to refer to themselves as the mass shooting generation, though school shootings such as the Columbine High School massacre have also been associated with earlier generations. Statistics Canada defines Generation Z as starting with the birth year 1993. Statistics Canada does not recognize a traditional Millennials cohort and instead has Generation Z directly follow what it designates as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026733",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nshootings are considered an \"\"overwhelmingly American\"\" phenomenon due to the availability of firearms in the United States. Between the 1999 Columbine High School massacre in Colorado and the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Connecticut, there were 31 school shootings in the United States and 14 in the rest of the world combined. Between 2000 and 2010, counting incidents from 37 countries in which someone was injured or killed on school grounds, with two or more victims, and not counting “single homicides, off-campus homicides, killings caused by government actions, militaries, terrorists or militants”, the number of such incidents in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15015080",
"chunk_text": "\"La Loche shootings\"\nhigh school or elementary school. Reuters reported that it was the worst Canadian school shooting since the École Polytechnique massacre of 1989, in which fourteen were killed. Classes at La Loche Community School were suspended immediately after the shooting. On , the local school board, Northern Lights School Division No. 113, told parents the school would reopen in seven to ten more days, though the reopening was postponed to at least . Plans to tear down the school were considered, but not passed. It said that it was willing to implement a security program at that time, following community discussion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20955763",
"chunk_text": "\"Mass shooting\"\na further 125 in Hebron. Also known as the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre. Other shootings include the 2013 Meet al-Attar shooting in Egypt. Several mass shootings have occurred in Europe, including the November 2015 Paris attacks, the 2012 Toulouse and Montauban shootings, the 2011 Norway attacks, the 2009 Winnenden school shooting, the 2007 Jokela school shooting, the 2008 Kauhajoki school shooting, the 2001 Zug massacre, the 2002 Erfurt massacre, the 1987 Hungerford massacre, the 1990 Puerto Hurraco massacre, the 1993 Greysteel massacre, the 2010 Cumbria shootings and the 1996 Dunblane massacre. Notable mass shootings include the 1992 Tatarstan shooting,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2146748",
"chunk_text": "\"Jan Wong controversy\"\nBlack Nation,\"\" (2013) which was based on Austin's two decades of inquiry including interviews and international archival research, Jan Wong controversy The Jan Wong controversy refers to a claim made by Jan Wong on September 16, 2006, three days after the shooting at Dawson College in Montreal. Canada’s nationally distributed newspaper of record, \"\"The Globe and Mail\"\", published a front-page article titled, \"\"Get under the desk,\"\" by Jan Wong. In the article, Ms. Wong controversially linked all three Quebec school shootings of the last two decades—1989 École Polytechnique Massacre (15 deaths), 1992 Concordia University Massacre (4 deaths), and 2006 Dawson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7983109",
"chunk_text": "\"Toronto District School Board\"\n22 years old, down from 26 years old in 2012. The first incident of violence directly affecting a TDSB high school occurred in 2007, when Jordan Manners, a 15-year-old student, was shot and killed in the hallway of C.W. Jefferys Collegiate Institute. It has been 10 years since the incident and the situation has not improved. After the highly publicized death of Manners, the safety and security of TDSB schools was scrutinized and questioned. Prior to the Jordan Manners’ shooting, 81% of CW Jefferys reported feeling safe at schools after the shooting this dropped 37 percentage points to 44%. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4527398",
"chunk_text": "\"Active shooter\"\nin Belgium (Dendermonde nursery attack), Canada (2014 Calgary stabbing), China (2008 Beijing Drum Tower stabbings), Japan (Osaka School Massacre and Sagamihara stabbings), and Pennsylvania (Franklin Regional High School stabbing). Ron Borsch recommends the phrase \"\"rapid mass murder\"\". Due to a worldwide increase in firearm and non-firearm based Mass Casualty Attacks (including attacks with vehicles, explosives, incendiary devices, stabbings, slashing, acid attacks), Dr. Tau Braun and the Violence Prevention Agency (VPA) has encouraged the use of the more accurate descriptor Mass Casualty Attacker (MCA). Active shooters do not negotiate, killing as many people as possible, often to gain notoriety. Active shooters",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2069318",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Indian residential school system\"\nthat because these schools were not created under the auspices of the Indian Act, they were not true residential schools. More than 1,000 survivors disagreed and filed a class action lawsuit against the government for compensation in 2007. By the time the suit was settled in 2016, almost a decade later, dozens of plaintiffs had died. It was expected that up to 900 former students would be compensated. On November 24, 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau issued a formal apology to former Innu, Inuit and NunatuKavut school survivors and their families during a ceremony in Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Labrador. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1530728",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (2008–present)\"\nincluded an attempted bombing. Four hours after the attack, the perpetrators were killed by police in a shootout that left two officers injured. Continuing the increase in high-profile mass school shootings seen in the late 1990s and 2000s, additional school shootings rocked the country in the 2010s, the deadliest of which were the Oikos University shooting (2012), the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting (2012), the Isla Vista killings (2014), the Umpqua Community College shooting (2015), the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting (2018), and the Santa Fe High School shooting (2018). These shootings, particularly the Sandy Hook and Stoneman Douglas shootings,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12025931",
"chunk_text": "\"La Loche shootings\"\nyears. La Loche shootings On January 22, 2016, four people were killed and seven others injured in a shooting spree in La Loche, Saskatchewan, Canada. Two boys, said to be the suspect's cousins, were killed at their home, and two teachers were killed at the Dene Building of the La Loche Community School. A 17-year-old male suspect was apprehended and placed into custody. According to police, the shootings began at a residence in the 300 block of Dene Crescent, where the suspect shot two of his cousins some time before He then went to La Loche Community School's Dene Building",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026735",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nDickey Amendment in 1996, which mandated that no Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds “may be used to advocate or promote gun control”, although this does not mean the CDC has stopped researching gun violence. Instead, Congress relies on independent research done by non-partisan organizations for getting data on gun violence in the United States. Between the 1999 Columbine High School massacre and the 2018 Santa Fe High School shooting in Texas, more than 214,000 students experienced gun violence at 216 schools, and at least 141 children, educators and other people were killed and another 284 were injured. 38%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026732",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nhigher likelihood of being premeditated and executed with a strict plan in mind. A study by Northeastern University found that \"\"four times the number of children were killed in schools in the early 1990s than today\"\". On August 27, 2018, NPR reported that a U.S. Education Department report, released earlier in the year, for the 2015-2016 school year said \"\"nearly 240 schools ... reported at least 1 incident involving a school-related shooting\"\". However, when NPR researched this 'claim', it could confirm only 11 actual incidents. School shootings are a \"\"uniquely American crisis\"\", according to \"\"The Washington Post\"\" in 2018. School",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12025923",
"chunk_text": "\"La Loche shootings\"\nLa Loche shootings On January 22, 2016, four people were killed and seven others injured in a shooting spree in La Loche, Saskatchewan, Canada. Two boys, said to be the suspect's cousins, were killed at their home, and two teachers were killed at the Dene Building of the La Loche Community School. A 17-year-old male suspect was apprehended and placed into custody. According to police, the shootings began at a residence in the 300 block of Dene Crescent, where the suspect shot two of his cousins some time before He then went to La Loche Community School's Dene Building and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19223883",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawson College shooting\"\nSeptember 19, 2006. The school invited all students to join them on Monday, September 18, 2006 to meet with staff and faculty for information and support, as well as to retrieve belongings that had been left behind. It was announced that grief counseling and support services would be available on an ongoing basis. In addition, one of the victims, 18-year-old Hayder Kadhim, who received two bullet wounds to the head and neck, challenged Prime Minister Stephen Harper to a gun control debate in a public speech on CBC in response to the shooting. An immediate controversy arose about an article",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026692",
"chunk_text": "\"Columbine High School massacre\"\nwith a shooting in Jokela in Tuusula, Finland. He wore a shirt saying \"\"Humanity is Overrated\"\". The perpetrator of the Dawson College shooting wrote a note praising Harris and Klebold. The Tumblr fandom gained widespread media attention in February 2015 after three of its members conspired to commit a mass shooting at a Halifax mall on Valentine's Day. In 2017, two 15-year-old school boys from Northallerton, UK were charged with conspiracy to murder after becoming infatuated with the crime and \"\"hero-worshipping\"\" Harris and Klebold. Ralph Larkin wrote the Columbine massacre established a script for school shootings. Larkin examined twelve major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17907240",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\n16 were killed, the 2001 Santana High School shooting in Santee, California in which 2 were killed, and the 2018 Marshall County High School shooting in Benton, Kentucky in which 2 were killed. During 1996, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) together with the US Department of Education and the United States Department of Justice, published a review of deaths related to schools occurring as a result of violence, including explicitly \"\"unintentional firearm-related death\"\", for the academic years 1992-1993 and 1993-1994. A second study (Anderson; Kaufman; Simon 2001), a continuation from the 1996 study, was published December 5,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7945681",
"chunk_text": "\"École Polytechnique massacre\"\nthe Coalition for Gun Control with Wendy Cukier. Suzanne Laplante-Edward and Jim Edward, the parents of one of the victims, were also deeply involved. Their activities, along with others, led to the passage of Bill C-68, or the Firearms Act, in 1995, ushering in stricter gun control regulations. These new regulations included requirements on the training of gun owners, screening of firearm applicants, rules concerning gun and ammunition storage and the registration of all firearms. Between 2009 and 2012, survivors of the massacre and their families publicly opposed legislative actions by Stephen Harper's Conservative government aimed at ending the requirement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13741062",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawson College shooting\"\nDawson College shooting The Dawson College shooting occurred on September 13, 2006 at Dawson College, a CEGEP located in downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The perpetrator, Kimveer Gill, began shooting outside the de Maisonneuve Boulevard entrance to the school, and moved towards the atrium by the cafeteria on the main floor. One victim died at the scene, while another 19 were injured, eight of whom were listed in critical condition, with six requiring surgery. The shooter later committed suicide by shooting himself in the head, after being shot in the arm by a police officer. It was the third fatal school",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9460220",
"chunk_text": "Canada\nParty of Canada in the West. A second referendum followed in 1995, in which sovereignty was rejected by a slimmer margin of 50.6 to 49.4 percent. In 1997, the Supreme Court ruled unilateral secession by a province would be unconstitutional and the Clarity Act was passed by parliament, outlining the terms of a negotiated departure from Confederation. In addition to the issues of Quebec sovereignty, a number of crises shook Canadian society in the late 1980s and early 1990s. These included the explosion of Air India Flight 182 in 1985, the largest mass murder in Canadian history; the École Polytechnique",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11265528",
"chunk_text": "\"Everytown for Gun Safety\"\ncounted as the first school shooting of the year regarded a 31-year-old man's suicide in the parking lot of a Michigan school that had been closed for seven months. Another instance regarded a third-grader pressing the trigger on an officer's holstered weapon, where the firearm discharged to the floor. Everytown's basis for a school shooting is defined as \"\"any time a firearm discharges a live round inside a school building or on a school campus or grounds\"\". \"\"USA Today\"\" reported that the \"\"real number\"\" of school shootings since January 1, 2018 is six. By \"\"TIME\"\"'s standards, the number was four.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7026696",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nSchool shooting A school shooting is an attack at an educational institution, such as a school or university, involving the use of a firearm(s). Incidents that involve four or more deaths are also categorized as mass shootings. According to studies, factors behind school shooting include family dysfunction, lack of family supervision, and mental illness. Among the topmost motives of attackers were: bullying/persecution/threatened (75%) and revenge (61%), while 54% reported having numerous reasons. The remaining motives included an attempt to solve a problem (34%), suicide or depression (27%), and seeking attention or recognition (24%). School shootings have sparked a political debate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19223889",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawson College shooting\"\nstudents at the time of the shooting suffered mental health consequences including post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, alcohol dependence, and social phobia, a level twice that found in the general population. Approximately 18% of respondents developed a mental health disorder despite never having had one before. Dawson College shooting The Dawson College shooting occurred on September 13, 2006 at Dawson College, a CEGEP located in downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The perpetrator, Kimveer Gill, began shooting outside the de Maisonneuve Boulevard entrance to the school, and moved towards the atrium by the cafeteria on the main floor. One victim died at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7947437",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Canada (1982–92)\"\nto veto the constitution, which were ultimately ruled out. On June 23, 1985, Air India Flight 182 exploded while at an altitude of 31,000 feet (9500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, south of Ireland; all 329 on board were killed, of whom 82 were children and 280 were Canadian citizens. Up until September 11, 2001, the Air India bombing was the single deadliest terrorist attack involving aircraft. It is also the largest mass murder in Canadian history. Brian Mulroney came to power in the 1984 election, and quickly restored friendlier relations with the United States, which had been strained during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20673006",
"chunk_text": "\"Colegio Americano del Noreste shooting\"\nColegio Americano del Noreste shooting On January 18, 2017, 15-year-old high school student Federico Guevara opened fire with a .22 caliber handgun inside a classroom at Colegio Americano del Noreste in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Guevara then attempted to commit suicide by shooting himself but missed, then ran out of ammunition. Students Ana Cecilia Ramos Luis and Fernando Martínez, both 14 years old, and 24-year-old teacher Cecilia Cristina Solís, suffered critical head injuries. They were listed in critical condition. 15-year-old Manuel Chávez suffered an arm injury. He was declared stable. Guevara had psychological problems. The perpetrator eventually committed suicide by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3153304",
"chunk_text": "Montreal\nthe Parti Québécois, supporting sovereign status for Quebec, resulted in the departure of many businesses and people from the city. In 1976 Montreal was the host of the Olympics. During the 1980s and early 1990s, Montreal experienced a slower rate of economic growth than many other major Canadian cities. Montreal was the site of the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre, Canada's worst mass shooting, where 25-year-old Marc Lépine shot and killed 14 people, all of them women, and wounding 14 other people before shooting himself at École Polytechnique. Montreal was merged with the 27 surrounding municipalities on the Island of Montreal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1697280",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Firearms Registry\"\nthem for historic value as pre-1945 collectors pieces. The École Polytechnique massacre—a mass shooting incident on December 6, 1989 in which Marc Lépine used a Mini-14 rifle to shoot 28 people, including 14 women killed, before committing suicide—sparked a substantial rise in activism to tighten Canada's gun licensing and registry legislation. The first steps toward the Canadian long-gun registry began under the federal Progressive Conservative Party government of Prime Minister Kim Campbell. It was the child of former Conservative Senator Nathan Nurgitz, who wrote then Prime Minister Campbell requesting all guns be registered. The \"\"Firearms Act\"\" was created by Bill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "480677",
"chunk_text": "\"Gun laws in Canada\"\nwas not associated with all of firearm homicides. Currently, shooting and stabbing represent the two most common mechanisms for homicide in Canada, each accounting for approximately 30% of murders. Overall suicide in Canada peaked in 1978 at 14.5 per 100,000, declining by 22% (11.3 per 100,000) in 2004. Several studies have found that the 1977 bill C-51 was linked to lower suicide and firearm suicide rates in Canada. Several studies examining the effect of bill C-17 (mostly using data from Quebec) found that it was associated with a decline in firearm suicides, but that the rate of overall suicides did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18103796",
"chunk_text": "Lockdown\n2008, two Canadian secondary schools were locked down due to suspected firearm threats. George S. Henry Academy was locked down in Toronto, Ontario at approximately 2:00 p.m. The Emergency Task Force (TPS) were contacted and the lockdown lasted for more than two hours. New Westminster Secondary School was locked down in New Westminster, British Columbia at approximately 1:40 p.m. The Emergency Response Team (ERT) were called and the school was under lockdown until 4:30 p.m. Due to the size of the school some students were not able to leave until 7:00 p.m. On 19 April 2013, the entire city of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "775480",
"chunk_text": "\"School resource officer\"\nGiven the frequency with which school shootings occur in the United States, critics of SRO programs are asking if it is necessary to have armed police officers in schools, if they cannot ensure students' safety during crises. The shooter in Maryland's Great Mills High School attack on March 20, 2018, was neutralized following swift action by the school's resource officer, Blaine Gaskill. As CNN put it: \"\"Gaskill's response was hailed as an example of exactly what a resource officer is supposed to do in such a circumstance, particularly when contrasted to the actions of the security officer in last month's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16302655",
"chunk_text": "\"Stoneman Douglas High School shooting\"\nprosecutors have not yet offered a motive and are investigating \"\"a pattern of disciplinary issues and unnerving behavior\"\". It is the deadliest shooting at a high school in United States history, surpassing the Columbine High School massacre that took place on April 20, 1999. The shooting came at a period of heightened public support for gun control following attacks in Las Vegas, Nevada and Sutherland Springs, Texas respectively in October and November 2017. The sheriff's office received a number of tips in 2016 and 2017 about Cruz's threats to carry out a school shooting. The FBI learned that a YouTube",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20473317",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Fe High School shooting\"\nSanta Fe High School shooting A school shooting occurred at Santa Fe High School in Santa Fe, Texas, United States, in the Houston metropolitan area, on May 18, 2018. Ten people – eight students and two teachers – were fatally shot and thirteen others were wounded. The suspected shooter was taken into custody and later identified by police as Dimitrios Pagourtzis, a student at the school. The shooting is the second-deadliest school shooting in the United States in 2018, after the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting in February resulted in 17 deaths and 17 injuries. The shooter began firing a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17907249",
"chunk_text": "\"School shooting\"\nofficer did little to nothing to prevent the killings. A ban on the ownership of handguns was introduced in the United Kingdom (with the exception of Northern Ireland) following the Dunblane massacre. The Gun-Free Schools Act was passed in 1994 in response to gun related violence in schools, so many school systems started adopting the Zero-Tolerance Law. The Gun-Free Schools Act required people to be expelled from the school for a year. By the year of 1997 the Zero-Tolerance for any type of weapon was implemented by more than 90 percent of U.S public schools. It should be noted that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10770461",
"chunk_text": "\"March for Our Lives\"\nWaterloo. In Quebec marches were planned in Montreal, Westmount, Quebec City, and Sherbrooke. New Brunswick was set to have a march in Fredericton. Newfoundland and Labrador planned a march to take place in St. John's. Marches were planned in Accra, Ghana; and Mozambique. Survivors from the Parkland shooting spoke at the rally in Tel Aviv, Israel, which took place at the U.S. Embassy. Marches were planned for Hong Kong; Mumbai, India; and Tokyo and Okinawa, Japan. Students from the International School of Geneva in Switzerland organized a rally outside the European headquarters of the United Nations, attracting hundreds of students.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7945666",
"chunk_text": "\"École Polytechnique massacre\"\ncommemorated as the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women. Other interpretations emphasize Lépine's abuse as a child or suggest that the massacre was simply the isolated act of a madman, unrelated to larger social issues. Still other commentators have blamed violence in the media and increasing poverty, isolation, and alienation in society, particularly in immigrant communities. The incident led to more stringent gun control laws in Canada. It also introduced changes in the tactical response of police to shootings, changes which were later credited with minimizing casualties at the 2006 Dawson College shootings. Sometime after 4",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_603
|
when did the us cut off trade with cuba?
|
n/a
|
[
"1961",
"1962"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13906491",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Cuba\"\nThis law served as a pretext for seizing lands held by foreigners and for redistributing them to Cuban citizens. The United States severed diplomatic relations with Cuba on 3 January 1961, and imposed a trade embargo on 3 February 1962. The Organization of American States, under pressure from the United States, suspended Cuba's membership in the body on 22 January 1962, and the U.S. government banned all U.S.–Cuban trade on 7 February. The Kennedy administration extended this ban on 8 February 1963, forbidding U.S. citizens to travel to Cuba or conduct financial or commercial transactions with the country. At first,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658349",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nUnited States embargo against Cuba The United States embargo against Cuba (in Cuba called el bloqueo, \"\"the blockade\"\") is a commercial, economic, and financial embargo imposed by the United States on Cuba. The United States first imposed an embargo on the sale of arms to Cuba on March 14, 1958, during the Fulgencio Batista regime. Again on October 19, 1960 (almost two years after the Cuban Revolution had led to the deposition of the Batista regime) the U.S. placed an embargo on exports to Cuba except for food and medicine after Cuba nationalized American-owned Cuban oil refineries without compensation. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17291683",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nin 1962, after U.S. reconnaissance aircraft photographed the Soviet construction of intermediate-range missile sites. The discovery led to the Cuban Missile Crisis. Trade relations also deteriorated in equal measure. In 1962, President John F. Kennedy broadened the partial trade restrictions imposed after the revolution by Eisenhower to a ban on all trade with Cuba, except for non-subsidized sale of foods and medicines. A year later travel and financial transactions by U.S. citizens with Cuba was prohibited. The United States embargo against Cuba was to continue in varying forms. Relations began to thaw during President Lyndon B. Johnson's tenure continuing through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658361",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\non July 29, 1975. Cuban relations with the Organization of American States have since improved, and as of June 3, 2009, membership suspension was lifted.) President John F. Kennedy extended measures by Executive order, first widening the scope of the trade restrictions on February 8, 1962 (announced on February 3 and again on March 23, 1962). These measures expanded the embargo to include all imports of products containing Cuban goods, even if the final products had been made or assembled outside Cuba. On August 3, 1962 the \"\"Foreign Assistance Act\"\" was amended to prohibit aid to any country that provides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658362",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nassistance to Cuba. On September 7, 1962 President Kennedy formally expanded the Cuban embargo to include all Cuban trade, except for non-subsidized sale of food and medicines Following the Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962), Kennedy imposed travel restrictions on February 8, 1963, and the \"\"Cuban Assets Control Regulations\"\" were issued on July 8, 1963, again under the \"\"Trading with the Enemy Act\"\" in response to Cubans hosting Soviet nuclear weapons. Under these restrictions, Cuban assets in the U.S. were frozen and the existing restrictions were consolidated. The restrictions on U.S. citizens traveling to Cuba lapsed on March 19, 1977; the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658359",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nits last actions, to sever all diplomatic relations with Cuba, in January 1961. The U.S. partial trade embargo with Cuba was continued, under the \"\"Trading with the Enemy Act 1917\"\". After the Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961, which had been largely planned under the Eisenhower administration, but which Kennedy had been informed of and approved during the months preceding his presidency and in his first few months as president, the Cuban government declared that it now considered itself Marxist and socialist, and aligned with the Soviet Union. On September 4, 1961, partly in response, Congress passed the \"\"Foreign",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658360",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nAssistance Act\"\", a Cold War Act (among many other measures) which prohibited aid to Cuba and authorized the President to impose a complete trade embargo against Cuba. On January 21, 1962, Cuba was expelled from the Organization of American States (OAS) by a vote of 14 in favor, one (Cuba) against with six abstentions. (See Cuban relations with the Organization of American States for details of the proceedings.) Mexico and Ecuador, two abstaining members, argued that the expulsion was not authorized in the OAS Charter. (Multilateral sanctions were imposed by the OAS on July 26, 1964, which were later rescinded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658403",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nin Miami-Dade County, Florida, opposed the embargo and 48% supported it. In the United States lobbying groups such as Engage Cuba advocate for the end of the embargo. United States embargo against Cuba The United States embargo against Cuba (in Cuba called el bloqueo, \"\"the blockade\"\") is a commercial, economic, and financial embargo imposed by the United States on Cuba. The United States first imposed an embargo on the sale of arms to Cuba on March 14, 1958, during the Fulgencio Batista regime. Again on October 19, 1960 (almost two years after the Cuban Revolution had led to the deposition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12985270",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuban thaw\"\non May 29, 2015. This marked a further departure by the United States from the Cold War conflict and its strain on Cuba–United States relations. On July 20, 2015, the Cuban and U.S. \"\"interests sections\"\" in Washington and Havana were upgraded to embassies. On June 16, 2017, President Donald Trump announced that he was \"\"cancelling\"\" the Obama administration's deals with Cuba, while also expressing that a new deal could be negotiated between the Cuban and United States governments. On November 8, 2017, it was announced business and travel restrictions which were loosened by the Obama administration would resume and would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6804296",
"chunk_text": "\"Economic sanctions\"\nSystem – which forbade European nations from trading with the UK. In practice the French Empire could not completely enforce the embargo, which proved as harmful (if not more so) to the continental nations involved as to the British. The United States imposed an embargo on Cuba on March 14, 1958, during the Fulgencio Batista regime. At first the embargo applied only to arms sales, however it later expanded to include other imports, extending to almost all trade on February 7, 1962. Referred to by Cuba as \"\"\"\"el bloqueo\"\"\"\" (the blockade), the U.S. embargo on Cuba remains one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658351",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nAct further restricted United States citizens from doing business in or with Cuba, and mandated restrictions on giving public or private assistance to any successor government in Havana unless and until certain claims against the Cuban government were met. In 1999 President Bill Clinton expanded the trade embargo by also disallowing foreign subsidiaries of U.S. companies to trade with Cuba. In 2000 Clinton authorized the sale of \"\"humanitarian\"\" U.S. products to Cuba. Despite the Spanish-language term \"\"bloqueo\"\" (blockade), there has been no physical, naval blockade of the country by the United States since the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10892580",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nRevolution of 1959, bilateral relations deteriorated substantially. In 1961, the U.S. severed diplomatic ties with Cuba and began pursuing covert operations to topple the Communist regime. Moreover, the U.S. imposed and subsequently tightened a comprehensive set of restrictions and bans against the Cuban regime as retaliation for the nationalization of U.S. corporations' property by Cuba. Meanwhile, several organizations, including a nearly unanimous United Nations General Assembly, have called for \"\"an end to the United States' decades-long economic, commercial and financial embargo against Cuba.\"\" On 17 December 2014, U.S. President Barack Obama and Cuban President Raúl Castro announced the beginning of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10892578",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nCuba–United States relations Cuba–United States relations are bilateral relations between the Republic of Cuba and the United States of America. Cuba and the United States restored diplomatic relations on 20 July 2015, which had been severed in 1961 during the Cold War. U.S. diplomatic representation in Cuba is handled by the United States Embassy in Havana, and there is a similar Cuban Embassy in Washington, D.C. The United States, however, continues to maintain its commercial, economic, and financial embargo, which makes it illegal for U.S. corporations to do business with Cuba. Leaders in both houses of Congress as well as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658350",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nFebruary 7, 1962 the embargo was extended to include almost all exports. , the Cuban embargo is enforced mainly through six statutes: the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, the Cuban Assets Control Regulations of 1963, the Cuban Democracy Act of 1992, the Helms–Burton Act of 1996, and the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000. The stated purpose of the \"\"Cuban Democracy Act\"\" of 1992 is to maintain sanctions on Cuba as long as the Cuban government refuses to move toward \"\"democratization and greater respect for human rights\"\". The Helms–Burton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658357",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nlift the embargo. In May 1960, the Cuban government began to openly purchase regular armaments from the Soviet Union, citing the US arms embargo. In July 1960, the United States reduced the import quota of brown sugar from Cuba to 700,000 tons, under the \"\"Sugar Act of 1948\"\"; and the Soviet Union responded by agreeing to purchase the sugar instead. In October 1960 a key incident occurred, Eisenhower's government refused to export oil to the island, leaving Cuba reliant on Soviet crude oil, that the American companies in Cuba refused to refine. This led the Cuban government to nationalize all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10892579",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nPresident Donald Trump support the embargo, although the Cuban government has called for it to be repealed. The hold of the Spanish Empire on possessions in the Americas was reduced in the 1820s as a result of the Spanish American wars of independence; only Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish rule until the Spanish–American War (1898) that resulted from the Cuban War of Independence. Under the Treaty of Paris, Cuba became a U.S. protectorate; the U.S. gained a position of economic and political dominance over the island, which persisted after it became formally independent in 1902. Following the Cuban",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17291685",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\ncould leave Cuba, in what became known as the Mariel boatlift. Approximately 125,000 people left Cuba for the United States. In 1977, Cuba and the United States signed a maritime boundary treaty in which the countries agreed on the location of their border in the Straits of Florida. The treaty was never sent to the United States Senate for ratification, but the agreement has been implemented by the U.S. State Department. In 1981 President Ronald Reagan's new administration announced a tightening of the embargo. The U.S. also re-established the travel ban, prohibiting U.S. citizens from spending money in Cuba. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1415764",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nJanuary 2015, and the limited import of items like Cuban cigars and rum to the United States is allowed, as is the export of American computer and telecommunications technology to Cuba. On 14 April 2015, the Obama administration announced that Cuba would be removed from the United States \"\"State Sponsors of Terrorism\"\" list. The House and Senate had 45 days from 14 April 2015 to review and possibly block this action, but this did not occur, and on 29 May 2015, the 45 days lapsed, therefore officially removing Cuba from the United States' list of state sponsors of terrorism. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10892608",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nConsequently, Cuba began to consolidate trade relations with the USSR, leading the U.S. to break off all remaining official diplomatic relations. Later that year, U.S. diplomats Edwin L. Sweet and William G. Friedman were arrested and expelled from the island having been charged with \"\"encouraging terrorist acts, granting asylum, financing subversive publications and smuggling weapons\"\". On 3 January 1961 the U.S. withdrew diplomatic recognition of the Cuban government and closed the embassy in Havana. Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy believed that Eisenhower's policy toward Cuba had been mistaken. He criticized what he saw as use of the U.S. government influence",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1415771",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nlike the Guantánamo Bay tract was one of the requirements of the Platt Amendment, conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba following the Spanish–American War. Over time, the United States' laws and foreign policy regarding Cuba has changed drastically due to strained relationship. Beginning with opposition to the Castro led Independence Revolution in Cuba, the Spanish–American War, naval use of Guantanamo Bay Trade restrictions imposed by Nixon, and a trade embargo opened in the year 2000. Since the 1990s, American public opinion of Cuba has overall become more favorable, and people became more supportive of ending",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658367",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nas ships docking at Cuban ports are not allowed to dock at U.S. ports for six months. It's important to note that this title includes waiver authority, so that the President might suspend its application. This waiver must be renewed every six months and traditionally it has been. In response to pressure from some American farmers and agribusiness, the embargo was relaxed by the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act, which was passed by the Congress in October 2000 and signed by President Bill Clinton. The relaxation allowed the sale of agricultural goods and medicine to Cuba for humanitarian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12962653",
"chunk_text": "\"Fidel Castro\"\nHe provided them with a budget of $13 million and permitted them to ally with the Mafia, who were aggrieved that Castro's government closed down their brothel and casino businesses in Cuba. On 13 October 1960, the U.S. prohibited the majority of exports to Cuba, initiating an economic embargo. In retaliation, the National Institute for Agrarian Reform INRA took control of 383 private-run businesses on 14 October, and on 25 October a further 166 U.S. companies operating in Cuba had their premises seized and nationalized. On 16 December, the U.S. ended its import quota of Cuban sugar, the country's primary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13906492",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Cuba\"\nthe embargo did not extend to other countries, and Cuba traded with most European, Asian and Latin American countries and especially Canada. However, the United States later pressured other nations and American companies with foreign subsidiaries to restrict trade with Cuba. Also, the Helms–Burton Act of 1996 makes it very difficult for foreign companies doing business with Cuba to also do business in the United States, forcing them to choose between the two. In April 1961, less than four months into the Kennedy administration, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) executed a plan that had been developed under the Eisenhower administration.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13906512",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Cuba\"\nreferred to as the \"\"Special Period\"\". When the Soviet Union, the country's primary source of trade, was dissolved in late 1991, a major supporter of Cuba's economy was lost, leaving it essentially paralyzed because of the economy's narrow basis, focused on just a few products with just a few buyers. National oil supplies, which were mostly imported, were severely reduced. Over 80% of Cuba's trade was lost and living conditions declined. A \"\"Special Period in Peacetime\"\" was declared, which included cutbacks on transport and electricity and even food rationing. In response, the United States tightened up its trade embargo, hoping",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658374",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\none of the world's leading sugar exporters at the time. By 1989, with the collapse of the Soviet bloc, Cuba witnessed its most devastating economic crises. Cuba's GDP plummeted 34% and trade with the nations apart of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) declined by 56%. Between 1989 and 1992 the termination of traditional trade partnerships with the Soviet bloc caused the total value of Cuba's exports to fall by 61% and imports to drop by approximately 72%. This period is known as the Special Period. Supporters of the embargo and many international economists believed that the dissolution of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13906594",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of Cuba\"\nneeded oil. Relations between the countries deteriorated rapidly. In April 1961, following air attacks preparing for the Bay of Pigs Invasion by CIA-trained Cuban exiles, prime minister Fidel Castro declared Cuba to be a socialist republic, and moved quickly to develop the growing relations between Cuba and the Soviet Union. In 1962, Cuba was expelled from the Organization of American States. Shortly afterwards, many nations throughout Latin America broke ties with Cuba, leaving the island increasingly isolated in the region and dependent on Soviet trade and cooperation. Following the establishment of diplomatic ties, and after the Cuban missile crisis in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2449913",
"chunk_text": "\"Embassy of the United States, Havana\"\n1970s were thought to be linked to the use of microwave surveillance devices. Embassy of the United States, Havana The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658375",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nthe Soviet Union and the resultant economic crisis would lead to the downfall of Fidel Castro’s government. Cuba's government however instituted a campaign of macroeconomic adjustment and liberalization which helped significant economic recovery. According to a report released in 2001 by the U.S. International Trade Commission in response to a request made by the U.S. House of Representatives, the total value of U.S. exports of selected agricultural products, intermediate goods, and manufactured goods to Cuba in the absence of U.S. sanctions was estimated to be at $146 and $658 million for U.S. imports from Cuba between 1996 and 1998. Recently,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658382",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\n& Casino Resorts—how to make it appear legal by linking it after the fact to a charitable effort. On April 13, 2009, President Barack Obama eased the travel ban, allowing Cuban-Americans to travel freely to Cuba; and on January 14, 2011, he further eased the ban, by allowing students and religious missionaries to travel to Cuba if they meet certain restrictions. On July 16, 2012, the \"\"Ana Cecilia\"\" became the first officially sanctioned direct ship to sail from Miami to Cuba. It carried food, medicine and personal hygiene goods sent by Cuban-Americans to family members. In 2014, the Obama administration",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12985269",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuban thaw\"\nThe agreement would see the lifting of some U.S. travel restrictions, fewer restrictions on remittances, U.S. banks' access to the Cuban financial system, and the reopening of the U.S. embassy in Havana and the Cuban embassy in Washington, which both closed in 1961 after the breakup of diplomatic relations as a result of Cuba's close alliance with the USSR. On April 14, 2015, the Obama administration announced that Cuba would be removed from the United States State Sponsors of Terrorism list. With no congressional action to block this within the permitted time period, Cuba was officially removed from the list",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2449905",
"chunk_text": "\"Embassy of the United States, Havana\"\nEmbassy of the United States, Havana The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "975677",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1934)\"\nCuban–American Treaty of Relations (1934) The Cuban–American Treaty of Relations took effect on June 9, 1934. It abrogated the Treaty of Relations of 1903. The Platt Amendment authorized the president of the U.S. to withdraw American troops from Cuba once he secured several specific promises from Cuba by treaty. Those commitments on the part of Cuba were secured in May 1903 when Cuba and the United States signed a Treaty of Relations in which Cuba committed to: In 1934, a new Treaty of Relations replaced the 1903 Treaty of Relations. Articles IV and V of the 1903 Treaty were carried",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474213",
"chunk_text": "\"Latin America–United States relations\"\nestablished in 1959. The 1959 Cuban Revolution, headed by Fidel Castro, was one of the first defeats of the US foreign policy in Latin America. In 1961, Cuba became a member of the newly created Non-Aligned Movement, which succeeded the 1955 Bandung Conference. After the implementation of several economic reforms, including complete nationalizations by Cuba's government, US trade restrictions on Cuba increased. The U.S. halted Cuban sugar imports, on which Cuba's economy depended the most. Additionally, the U.S. refused to supply its former trading partner with much needed oil, creating a devastating effect on the island's economy. In March 1960,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "975679",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1934)\"\nsovereignty. Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1934) The Cuban–American Treaty of Relations took effect on June 9, 1934. It abrogated the Treaty of Relations of 1903. The Platt Amendment authorized the president of the U.S. to withdraw American troops from Cuba once he secured several specific promises from Cuba by treaty. Those commitments on the part of Cuba were secured in May 1903 when Cuba and the United States signed a Treaty of Relations in which Cuba committed to: In 1934, a new Treaty of Relations replaced the 1903 Treaty of Relations. Articles IV and V of the 1903 Treaty were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16283211",
"chunk_text": "\"Latin America–United States relations\"\ncountermeasures, resulting in the prohibition of all exports to Cuba on October 19, 1960. Consequently, Cuba began to consolidate trade relations with the Soviet Union, leading the US to break off all remaining official diplomatic relations. Later that year, U.S. diplomats Edwin L. Sweet and Wiliam G. Friedman were arrested and expelled from the island, having been charged with \"\"encouraging terrorist acts, granting asylum, financing subversive publications and smuggling weapons\"\". The U.S. began the formulation of new plans aimed at destabilizing the Cuban government, collectively known as \"\"The Cuban Project\"\" (aka \"\"Operation Mongoose\"\"). This was to be a co-ordinated program",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9459705",
"chunk_text": "Cuba\nof the Agrarian Reform Law, expropriating thousands of acres of farmland (including from large U.S. landholders), further worsened relations. In response, between 1960 and 1964 the U.S imposed a range of sanctions, eventually including a total ban on trade between the countries and a freeze on all Cuban-owned assets in the U.S. In February 1960, Castro signed a commercial agreement with Soviet Vice-Premier Anastas Mikoyan. In March 1960, Eisenhower gave his approval to a CIA plan to arm and train a group of Cuban refugees to overthrow the Castro regime. The invasion (known as the Bay of Pigs Invasion) took",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17293178",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nout of Cuba as a result of these mysterious health issues. Under the Trade Sanctions Reform and Enhancement Act of 2000, exports from the United States to Cuba in the industries of food and medical products are permitted with the proper licensing and permissions from the U.S. Department of Commerce and the United States Department of the Treasury. The Obama administration eased specific travel and other restrictions on Cuba in January 2011. A delegation from the United States Congress called on Cuban president Raúl Castro on 24 February 2012 to discuss bilateral relations. The Congress delegation included Patrick Leahy, Democratic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658354",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nStates. , the embargo, which limits American businesses from conducting trade with Cuban interests, remains in effect and is the most enduring trade-embargo in modern history. Despite the existence of the embargo, the United States is the fifth-largest exporter to Cuba. (6.6% of Cuba's imports come from the US.) Cuba must, however, pay cash for all imports, as credit is not allowed. The UN General Assembly has, since 1992, passed a resolution every year condemning the ongoing impact of the embargo and declaring it in violation of the Charter of the United Nations and of international law. In 2014, out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658355",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nof the 193-nation assembly, 188 countries voted for the nonbinding resolution, the United States and Israel voted against and the Pacific Island nations Palau, Marshall Islands and Micronesia abstained. Human-rights groups including Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights have also been critical of the embargo. Critics of the embargo say that the embargo laws are too harsh, citing the fact that violations can result in up to 10 years in prison. The United States imposed an arms embargo on Cuba on March 14, 1958 during the armed conflict between rebels led by Fidel Castro",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658372",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\n1960s. According to the United States Chamber of Commerce, the embargo is currently costing the United States economy $1.2 billion per year due to the legal structures that are preventing U.S. based exporters from entering Cuban markets. The Cuba Policy Foundation (CPF) has provided more extreme data. Their estimates put the cost that the embargo has had on the U.S. at $4.84 billion per year while costing Cuba $685 million per year.[3] As of today, Cuba is estimated to have lost over $28.6 billion in trade according to Cuba's Institute of Economic Research. Between 1954 and 1958, trade between Cuba",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17293172",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\na United States military invasion of Cuba. While relations between Cuba and the United States remained tenuous, by the 2000s, they began to improve. Fidel Castro stepped down from official leadership of the Cuban state and Barack Obama became president of the United States. In April 2009, Obama, who had received nearly half of the Cuban Americans vote in the 2008 presidential election, began implementing a less strict policy towards Cuba. Obama stated that he was open to dialogue with Cuba, but that he would only lift the trade embargo if Cuba underwent political change. In March 2009, Obama signed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8285794",
"chunk_text": "\"Economy of Cuba\"\nUnited States cut the Cuban Sugar Quota completely, Eisenhower was quoted saying \"\"This action amounts to economic sanctions against, Cuba. Now we must look ahead to other moves - economic, diplomatic, and strategic\"\". On February 7, 1962, Kennedy expanded the United States' embargo to cover almost all U.S. imports. In 1970, Fidel Castro attempted to motivate the Cuban people to harvest 10 million tons of sugar, in Spanish known as La Zafra, in order to increase their exports and grow their economy. With the help of the majority of the Cuban population the country was able to produce 7.56 million",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8285784",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Cuba\"\nIn December 2014, after a highly publicized exchange of political prisoners between the United States and Cuba, U.S. President Barack Obama announced plans to re-establish diplomatic relations with Cuba after over five decades of severance. He stated that the U.S. government intended to establish an embassy in Havana and improve economic ties with the country. Obama's proposal received both strong criticism and praise from different elements of the Cuban American community. In April 2015, the U.S. government announced that Cuba would be removed from its list of state sponsors of terrorism, on which it had been included since 1982. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13906448",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Cuba\"\nrooted in Cuba, the U.S. tariff system was adjusted accordingly to strengthen trade between the nations. The Reciprocity Treaty of 1903 lowered the U.S. tariff on Cuban sugar by 20%. This gave Cuban sugar a competitive edge in the American marketplace. At the same time, it granted equal or greater concessions on most items imported from the United States. Cuban imports of American goods went from $17 million in the five years before the war, to $38 million in 1905, and eventually to over $200 million in 1918. Likewise, Cuban exports to the United States reached $86 million in 1905",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17293176",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nscheduled commercial flight after more than 50 years landed in Havana from Miami on an American Airlines jet. With the election of Republican Donald Trump as U.S. president, the state of relations between the United States and Cuba was unclear as of January 2017. While a candidate for the presidency, Trump criticized aspects of the Cuban Thaw, suggesting he could suspend the normalization process unless he can negotiate \"\"a good agreement\"\". On 16 June 2017, President Trump announced that he was suspending what he called a \"\"completely one-sided deal with Cuba\"\". Trump characterized Obama's policy as having granted Cuba economic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
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"chunk_id": "9459706",
"chunk_text": "Cuba\nplace on 14 April 1961. About 1,400 Cuban exiles disembarked at the Bay of Pigs, but failed in their attempt to overthrow Castro. In January 1962, Cuba was suspended from the Organization of American States (OAS), and later the same year the OAS started to impose sanctions against Cuba of similar nature to the US sanctions. The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October 1962. By 1963, Cuba was moving towards a full-fledged Communist system modeled on the USSR. During the 1970s, Fidel Castro dispatched tens of thousands of troops in support of Soviet-supported wars in Africa. He supported the MPLA",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 45
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{
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"chunk_text": "\"Cuban Revolution\"\nU.S.-Cuban relations. Although the United States government was initially willing to recognize Castro's new government, it soon came to fear that Communist insurgencies would spread through the nations of Latin America, as they had in Southeast Asia. Castro, meanwhile, resented the Americans for providing aid to Batista's government during the revolution. After the revolutionary government nationalized all U.S. property in Cuba in August 1960, the American Eisenhower administration froze all Cuban assets on American soil, severed diplomatic ties and tightened its embargo of Cuba. The Key West–Havana ferry shut down. In 1961, the U.S. government backed an armed counterrevolutionary assault",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10892607",
"chunk_text": "\"Cuba–United States relations\"\nUnion for petroleum. In March 1960, tensions increased when the freighter \"\"La Coubre\"\" exploded in Havana Harbor, killing over 75 people. Fidel Castro blamed the United States and compared the incident to the sinking of the \"\"Maine\"\", though admitting he could provide no evidence for his accusation. That same month, President Eisenhower quietly authorized the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to organize, train, and equip Cuban refugees as a guerrilla force to overthrow Castro. Each time the Cuban government nationalized American citizens properties, the American government took countermeasures, resulting in the prohibition of all exports to Cuba on 19 October 1960.",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "13906589",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of Cuba\"\nallies. Cuba joined the League of Nations in 1920. In 1941, Cuba declared war on Italy, Germany, and Japan. Cuba joined the United Nations in 1945. Cuba joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1948. During the Presidency of Fulgencio Batista, Cuba did not initially face trade restrictions. In mid-1958, the United States imposed an arms embargo on the Batista administration. As early as September 1959, Vadim Kotchergin (or Kochergin), a KGB agent, was seen in Cuba. Following the establishment of diplomatic ties to the Soviet Union, and after the Cuban Missile Crisis, Cuba became increasingly dependent on Soviet",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 48
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20658401",
"chunk_text": "\"United States embargo against Cuba\"\nPresident, there will be an increased ability to transact with Cuban nationals and businesses, including Cuban financial institutions. Additionally, permitted U.S. banks will now be able to open accredited accounts in Cuban banks. On January 12, 2017, President Barack Obama announced the immediate cessation of the wet feet, dry feet policy, eight days before his term ended. The Cuban government agreed to accept the return of Cuban nationals. Beginning in 2014, anticipation of the end of the policy had led to increased numbers of Cuban immigrants. On November 8, 2017, it was announced that US President Donald Trump's Administration had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_604
|
cast of the movie pride of the marines?
|
n/a
|
[
"John Garfield as Al Schmid",
"John Ridgely",
"John Ridgely as Jim Merchant",
"Ann E. Todd",
"Anthony Caruso as Johnny Rivers",
"Anthony Caruso",
"Rosemary DeCamp",
"Rosemary DeCamp as Virginia Pfeiffer",
"Eleanor Parker",
"John Garfield",
"Dane Clark as Lee Diamond",
"Eleanor Parker as Ruth Hartley",
"Ann Doran",
"Dane Clark"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "12095174",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nPride of the Marines Pride of the Marines is a 1945 American biographical war film starring John Garfield and Eleanor Parker. It tells the story of U.S. Marine Al Schmid in World War II, his heroic stand against a Japanese attack during the Battle of Guadalcanal, in which he was blinded by a grenade, and his subsequent rehabilitation. The film was based on the Roger Butterfield book \"\"Al Schmid, Marine\"\". Albert Maltz was nominated for an Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay. The film is divided into three parts. The first takes place prior to the war. Cocky Philadelphia steel",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "12095176",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\ncrew of a M1917 Browning machine gun at a gun emplacement with his buddies Lee Diamond (Dane Clark) and Johnny Rivers (Anthony Caruso) of \"\"H\"\" Company 2nd Battalion First Marines. The onslaught by the enemy is particularly heavy, but the men are able to kill some 200 of the enemy. Rivers is killed by a bullet through the head, Diamond is wounded in his right arm, and Schmid is blinded by a Japanese soldier dropping a hand grenade at the front of the gun pit. The third part is Schmid's humbling rehabilitation, in which he resents being dependent upon others.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "2533531",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nHe hopes that an operation will restore his sight, but the medical procedure isn't successful. He doesn't want Ruth to know that he is almost completely blind, so he attempts to break up with her. Schmid is aided in his recovery by Diamond, hospital rehabilitation officer Virginia Pfeiffer (Rosemary DeCamp), and the other wounded veterans. He is to be awarded the Navy Cross but is dismayed that the ceremony will take place in his home town. He initially feels anger at being dependent upon family and friends as he doesn't want to be a burden to anyone. In spite of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "13084472",
"chunk_text": "\"Rory Mallinson\"\nseries during the decade, including performances on \"\"Cheyenne\"\" and \"\"Mannix\"\". Mallinson died on March 26, 1976 in Los Angeles, aged 62, from undisclosed causes. Rory Mallinson Charles Rory Mallinson (October 27, 1913 – March 26, 1976) was an American actor of film and television. Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Mallinson would begin his acting career after signing a contract with Warner Brothers in 1945. That year he would have a small role in the film, \"\"Pride of the Marines\"\", starring John Garfield and Eleanor Powell. Mallinson would continue making films through the 1940s, and throughout the 1950s, appearing in over 90",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12095175",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nworker and \"\"Man's man\"\" Al Schmid (John Garfield) despises the idea of marriage and losing his independence until he meets his match in Ruth Hartley (Eleanor Parker). Ruth takes no nonsense from Al and impresses him by enjoying a hunting trip he takes her on. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Al joins the Marines. Before he departs on a train to join the war, Al proposes marriage to Ruth on the station platform. Part two is set at the Battle of the Tenaru River on the Pacific island of Guadalcanal on August 21, 1942. Schmid is in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11370298",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine\"\nThe Marine The Marine is a 2006 American action film starring John Cena, Robert Patrick, Kelly Carlson, and Anthony Ray Parker, written by Michelle Gallagher and Alan B. McElroy, and directed by John Bonito. It was produced by Vince McMahon through the film production division of WWE, called WWE Studios, and distributed in the United States by 20th Century Fox. In Iraq, Master Sergeant John Triton (John Cena) leads his team of Force Recon Marines to an al-Qaeda hideout, where a group of terrorists are preparing to behead several hostages. Disregarding direct orders to wait for reinforcements, Triton attacks the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13795004",
"chunk_text": "\"The Pride and the Passion\"\nThe Pride and the Passion The Pride and the Passion is a 1957 Napoleonic era war film in Technicolor and VistaVision from United Artists, produced and directed by Stanley Kramer, that stars Cary Grant, Frank Sinatra and Sophia Loren. The film co-stars Theodore Bikel and Jay Novello. The film's storyline concerns a British Royal Navy artillery officer (Grant) who has orders to retrieve a huge siege cannon from Spain and transport it by ship to British forces. But first, the leader of the Spanish guerrillas (Sinatra) wants to transport the weapon 1,000 km across Spain to help in the recapture",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3434770",
"chunk_text": "\"24th Marine Expeditionary Unit\"\nHurricane Matthew. The Marines were embarked aboard USS Iwo Jima (LHD-7)and USS Mesa Verde (LPD-19) A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. The 24th MEU has been presented with the following awards: Colonel Terry L. Childers, played by Samuel L. Jackson, in the 2000 film \"\"Rules of Engagement\"\", is telling his friend Colonel Hayes Hodges, played by Tommy Lee Jones, that he was taking command of 24th MEU. In the 1998",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13602704",
"chunk_text": "\"Salute to the Marines\"\nSalute to the Marines Salute to the Marines is a 1943 World War II propaganda war film drama in Technicolor from MGM, produced by John W. Considine, Jr., directed by S. Sylvan Simon, that stars Wallace Beery. The film co-stars Fay Bainter, Reginald Owen, Ray Collins, Keye Luke, and Marilyn Maxwell. Beery's older brother Noah Beery, Sr. also appears in the film, which is set in the Philippines just prior to the beginning of the Pacific War. Having being stationed in the Philippines as a member of the United States Marine Corps, NCO Sgt. Maj. William Bailey (Beery) is retired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13084470",
"chunk_text": "\"Rory Mallinson\"\nRory Mallinson Charles Rory Mallinson (October 27, 1913 – March 26, 1976) was an American actor of film and television. Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Mallinson would begin his acting career after signing a contract with Warner Brothers in 1945. That year he would have a small role in the film, \"\"Pride of the Marines\"\", starring John Garfield and Eleanor Powell. Mallinson would continue making films through the 1940s, and throughout the 1950s, appearing in over 90 films during this period. Notable films in which he would perform include: a featured role in the 1947 film noir \"\"Dark Passage\"\", starring Humphrey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2533541",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nrecords the film earned $2,295,000 domestically and $724,000 foreign. \"\"Pride of the Marines\"\" was adapted as a radio play on the January 31, 1945 episode of Lux Radio Theater and the June 15, 1946 episode of Academy Award Theater, both with John Garfield reprising his role. As a bonus feature in the Lux Radio Theater version, Al Schmid is introduced by phone and speaks with Garfield. Pride of the Marines Pride of the Marines is a 1945 American biographical war film starring John Garfield and Eleanor Parker. It tells the story of U.S. Marine Al Schmid in World War II,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8251076",
"chunk_text": "\"Join the Marines\"\nJoin the Marines Join the Marines is a 1937 American action film directed by Ralph Staub and written by Joseph Krumgold and Olive Cooper. The film stars Paul Kelly, June Travis, Purnell Pratt, Reginald Denny, Warren Hymer and Irving Pichel. The film was released on January 25, 1937, by Republic Pictures. New York Policeman and Olympic javelin thrower Phil Donlan is on his way to the 1936 Olympic Games when he meets lovely Paula Denbrough on the ocean liner to Europe. Paula is planning to marry playboy Steve Lodge, but her father, a U.S. Marine Colonel uses his influence to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11616027",
"chunk_text": "\"Jon Seda\"\nJon Seda Jonathan Seda (born October 14, 1970) is an American actor best known for his role as Chris Perez in \"\"Selena\"\". He is also known for playing Paul Falsone in the show \"\"\"\". Seda was an amateur boxer who auditioned for and was given a role in the 1992 boxing film \"\"Gladiator\"\". He portrayed Chris Pérez alongside Jennifer Lopez in \"\"Selena\"\" and appeared as U.S. Marine John Basilone in Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg's follow up to \"\"Band of Brothers\"\", \"\"The Pacific\"\". In 2014, Seda began starring in the NBC police procedural drama \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" as Det. Antonio Dawson.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7076300",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride and Glory (film)\"\nPride and Glory (film) Pride and Glory is a 2008 American crime drama film directed by Gavin O'Connor. It stars Edward Norton, Colin Farrell, Jon Voight, and Noah Emmerich. The film was released on October 24, 2008, in the United States. Assistant Chief Francis Tierney Sr. is the head of a multigenerational New York City Police Department (NYPD) family, which includes his sons Francis \"\"Franny\"\" Jr., Ray, and his son-in-law Jimmy Egan. Deputy Inspector Franny is the Commanding Officer of the 31st Precinct, where Sergeant Jimmy is a patrol officer, while Detective Ray works in the Missing Persons Squad, having",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
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"chunk_id": "8801204",
"chunk_text": "\"Jon Seda\"\nThe couple has four children: Haley Seda, Madison Seda, Jonathan Seda, Stepdaughter Jessica Seda Pinto Jon Seda Jonathan Seda (born October 14, 1970) is an American actor best known for his role as Chris Perez in \"\"Selena\"\". He is also known for playing Paul Falsone in the show \"\"\"\". Seda was an amateur boxer who auditioned for and was given a role in the 1992 boxing film \"\"Gladiator\"\". He portrayed Chris Pérez alongside Jennifer Lopez in \"\"Selena\"\" and appeared as U.S. Marine John Basilone in Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg's follow up to \"\"Band of Brothers\"\", \"\"The Pacific\"\". In 2014,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "2613231",
"chunk_text": "\"Navy SEALs (film)\"\nMeanwhile, United States Navy SEALs Dale Hawkins (Charlie Sheen), James Curran (Michael Biehn), William \"\"Billy\"\" Graham (Dennis Haysbert), James Leary (Rick Rossovich), Homer Rexer (Cyril O'Reilly), Floyd \"\"God\"\" Dane (Bill Paxton), and Ramos (Paul Sanchez) are recovering from a bachelor party. Graham is to be married, but the wedding is canceled at the last minute when the whole team is paged to rescue the captured aircrew. In the Mediterranean, the leader of the terrorists that shot at the Navy helicopter, Ben Shaheed, (Nicholas Kadi), orders the killing of the hostages. One crewmember is killed on the spot and another is",
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"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_id": "13616747",
"chunk_text": "\"Rorke Denver\"\na Nation\"\", published. Denver now speaks for conferences and conventions nationwide. In December 2014, Denver was the keynote speaker for the US Lacrosse Convention. In April 2018, he spoke at the Alabama Trucking Association Convention in Destin, Florida. Denver is married with 2 children. Rorke Denver Rorke Denver is an American actor, author, and former United States Navy SEALs commander. Denver is most known for his role as Lieutenant Rorke in the 2012 film \"\"Act of Valor\"\" and for his appearance as team leader in the Fox Television series, \"\"American Grit\"\". Denver was born in Northern California and graduated college",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18042566",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Tatum\"\nChuck Tatum Charles William \"\"Chuck\"\" Tatum (July 23, 1926 – June 22, 2014) was an American World War II veteran, bronze star recipient, race car driver and builder. On February 19, 1945, he was among the first wave of Marines to land on the Japanese island stronghold of Iwo Jima. Tatum's war memoir, \"\"Red Blood, Black Sand\"\", was one of five books used as source material for the Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks produced HBO miniseries \"\"The Pacific\"\". Tatum is portrayed in the series by actor Ben Esler. Tatum enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps when he was 17. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12095179",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nBessie developed a 26-page treatment of Roger Butterfield's book \"\"Al Schmid Marine\"\". Martin Borowsky also did an adaptation of Butterfield's book that was rewritten by Albert Maltz who Garfield has spoken to about Butterfield's story. Prior to filming, Garfield visited American soldiers in hospitals in Italy. Garfield met Schmid during his rehabilitation before a movie was ever planned. Once the film was planned, Garfield lived with the Schmids for several weeks, becoming friends with the couple. Both Bessie and Maltz were later blacklisted over their \"\"un-American\"\" political opinions. Film locations include the 6500 block of Tulip Street in Philadelphia. Bosley",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3409627",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine\"\nextremists and rescues the hostages. The next morning, his colonel informs Triton that he is being honorably discharged for disobeying direct orders. Now retired, Triton finds it hard to settle back into normal life. He is fired from his job as a security guard for using excessive force on an employee's ex-boyfriend and his bodyguards. Triton's wife Kate (Kelly Carlson) decides the two need a vacation to help Triton adjust to his new life. Meanwhile, criminal Rome (Robert Patrick) robs a jewelry store with his gang: girlfriend Angela (Abigail Bianca), Morgan (Anthony Ray Parker), Vescera (Damon Gibson), and Bennett (Manu",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13616744",
"chunk_text": "\"Rorke Denver\"\nRorke Denver Rorke Denver is an American actor, author, and former United States Navy SEALs commander. Denver is most known for his role as Lieutenant Rorke in the 2012 film \"\"Act of Valor\"\" and for his appearance as team leader in the Fox Television series, \"\"American Grit\"\". Denver was born in Northern California and graduated college in 1996 from Syracuse University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. He graduated from University of San Diego with a Master’s Degree in Global Business Leadership. In 1999, Denver completed his training as a SEAL. He then began a 13-year career in the US",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9091028",
"chunk_text": "\"Megan Leavey (film)\"\nMegan Leavey (film) Megan Leavey (also known as Rex) is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite and written by Pamela Gray, Annie Mumolo, and Tim Lovestedt, based on the true events about a young female Marine named Megan Leavey and a combat dog named Rex. The film stars Kate Mara as the titular character, with Edie Falco, Common, Ramón Rodríguez, and Tom Felton in supporting roles. The film was released on June 9, 2017, by Bleecker Street, received positive reviews and grossed $14 million. Megan Leavey is a US Marine corporal who served as a Military",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"chunk_id": "18357247",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride and Glory (film)\"\nrights ceded to Intermedia. Production was expected to start in February 2002 in New York City, and Mark Wahlberg and Hugh Jackman were in talks to star. The film's development was subject to further delays until 2005. Carnahan cited the September 11, 2001 attacks as the primary reason for the delay: \"\"There was a moment after 9/11, where the notion of doing what might be deemed an anti-cop film, particularly an attack of the NYPD, would be grounds for hanging.\"\" In September 2005, the rights were once more with New Line Cinema. Production president Toby Emmerich (brother of actor Noah,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2613230",
"chunk_text": "\"Navy SEALs (film)\"\nNavy SEALs (film) Navy SEALS is a 1990 American military action film, directed by Lewis Teague, written by Chuck Pfarrer and Gary Goldman, and produced by Brenda Feigen and Bernard Williams with consultant William Bradley. The film stars Charlie Sheen, Michael Biehn, Bill Paxton and Joanne Whalley-Kilmer. The , an aircraft carrier on station in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, receives a mayday from a cargo ship. The ship reports that they have been attacked, are on fire and adrift. A deployed Navy SH-3 helicopter attempts to rescue the crew, but is downed by a gunboat and the aircrew is captured.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "3409638",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine\"\nfilm made $30 million in rentals in the first twelve weeks. The film has spawned five direct-to-video sequels: The last four sequels have starred professional wrestler Mike \"\"The Miz\"\" Mizanin in the role of Jake Carter. The Marine The Marine is a 2006 American action film starring John Cena, Robert Patrick, Kelly Carlson, and Anthony Ray Parker, written by Michelle Gallagher and Alan B. McElroy, and directed by John Bonito. It was produced by Vince McMahon through the film production division of WWE, called WWE Studios, and distributed in the United States by 20th Century Fox. In Iraq, Master Sergeant",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12762517",
"chunk_text": "\"Saving Private Ryan\"\ndifferent than people look today\"\", adding to this end that he cast partly based on wanting the cast \"\"to match the faces I saw on the newsreels.\"\" Before filming began, several of the film's stars, including Edward Burns, Tom Sizemore, Barry Pepper, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, Giovanni Ribisi, and Tom Hanks, endured ten days of \"\"boot camp\"\" training led by Marine veteran Dale Dye and Warriors, Inc., a California company that specializes in training actors for realistic military portrayals. Matt Damon was intentionally not brought into the camp, to make the rest of the group feel resentment towards the character.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447066",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Tatum\"\nis portrayed by actor Ben Esler. Chuck Tatum Charles William \"\"Chuck\"\" Tatum (July 23, 1926 – June 22, 2014) was an American World War II veteran, bronze star recipient, race car driver and builder. On February 19, 1945, he was among the first wave of Marines to land on the Japanese island stronghold of Iwo Jima. Tatum's war memoir, \"\"Red Blood, Black Sand\"\", was one of five books used as source material for the Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks produced HBO miniseries \"\"The Pacific\"\". Tatum is portrayed in the series by actor Ben Esler. Tatum enlisted in the U.S. Marine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12095178",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride of the Marines\"\nhis resentment, Ruth stays by his side, helps him overcome his bitterness, and convinces him that he must learn to live with his new situation. During the Battle of Guadalcanal, two enlisted Marines, Mitchell Paige and John Basilone were awarded the Medal of Honor for their use of the M1917 Browning machine gun against massed Japanese charges. In Jim Proser's book \"\"I'm Staying With My Boys: The Heroic Life of Sgt. John Basilone USMC\"\" Proser tells of Basilone's friendship with John Garfield and Eddie Bracken when they toured the United States selling war bonds. Screenwriters A. I. Bezzerides and Alvah",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18147891",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine 2\"\nThe Marine 2 The Marine 2 is a 2009 American thriller film directed by Roel Reiné, written by Christopher Borrelli and John Chapin Morgan, and produced by Michael Lake. The film stars are Ted DiBiase Jr., Temuera Morrison, Lara Cox, Robert Coleby and Michael Rooker. It is the stand-alone sequel to \"\"The Marine\"\", starring John Cena, and it is the second in the film series. This was Ted DiBiase's film debut. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in the United States on December 29, 2009. The film was inspired by the Dos Palmas kidnappings. The film was produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6097173",
"chunk_text": "\"Ryan Simpkins\"\nRyan Simpkins Ryan Simpkins (born March 28, 1998) is an American actress, known for her performances in films such as \"\"Pride and Glory\"\", \"\"A Single Man\"\" and \"\"Revolutionary Road\"\". Simpkins was born in Manhattan, New York City. She moved to California in 2006. Her younger brother is actor Ty Simpkins. Her first appearance was in \"\"Sherrybaby\"\", playing a lead role opposite Maggie Gyllenhaal. She has twice performed alongside brother Ty, in \"\"Pride and Glory\"\" and \"\"Revolutionary Road\"\". She had a lead role as Lizzy Muldoun in the film adaptation of Wendy Mass's book \"\"Jeremy Fink and the Meaning of Life\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1483982",
"chunk_text": "\"Proud (film)\"\nProud (film) Proud is a 2004 film directed by Mary Pat Kelly and stars veteran actor and activist Ossie Davis, in his final film performance. The motion picture was filmed in Elmira NY and Buffalo, NY. The screenplay was written by Kelly based on her non-fiction book \"\"Proudly We Served\"\" (1999). \"\"Proud\"\" was an Official Selection of The Third Annual Buffalo International Film Festival in 2009. Mary Pat Kelly and Lorenzo Dufau (last surviving crew member) introduced the screening. The film focuses on the meritorious service of the USS Mason (DE-529) of World War II, the first US Navy ship",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8277496",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marines Fly High\"\nThe Marines Fly High The Marines Fly High is a 1940 action film, starring Richard Dix, Chester Morris and Lucille Ball and directed by George Nicholls, Jr. and Benjamin Stoloff from a story by A.C. Edington. In 1940, the Central American cocoa plantation owned by American Joan Grant (Lucille Ball) needs protection from bandits led by El Vengador (John Eldredge). She asks the Marines stationed nearby under the command of Colonel Hill (Paul Harvey) for help. Lieutenants Danny Darrick (Richard Dix) and Jim Malone (Chester Morris) fly a mission to seek out the outlaws. Although they have orders to protect",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "15531685",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine (film series)\"\nThe Marine (film series) The Marine is a series of action films produced by WWE Studios starring various WWE wrestlers in the lead roles. The Marine is a 2006 American action film directed by John Bonito. The film stars John Cena, Robert Patrick and Kelly Carlson. It was produced by the films division of WWE, called WWE Studios, and distributed in the United States by 20th Century Fox. The Marine 2 is a 2009 American thriller film directed by Roel Reiné, written by Christopher Borrelli and John Chapin Morgan, and produced by Michael Lake. The film stars Ted DiBiase, Temuera",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
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"chunk_id": "9973371",
"chunk_text": "\"The Princess and the Marine\"\nThe Princess and the Marine The Princess and the Marine is a 2001 American made-for-television romantic movie based on the true story of American Marine Jason Johnson and Bahrain Princess Meriam Al-Khalifa, with stars Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Marisol Nichols in the roles of Jason and Meriam. Meriam Al Khalifa (Marisol Nichols) is a Bahraini royal who is not content to be in an arranged marriage, even though her strict Muslim parents would never allow a union with a non-Muslim. In the movie, Meriam is allowed to go to the local mall and watch and listen to American pop culture. One",
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},
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"chunk_id": "4134617",
"chunk_text": "\"Battleship (film)\"\nscience consultation for the film. A of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force also appeared in the film. Jeremy Renner was originally considered for the role of Hopper, but the actor chose to star in a Paul Thomas Anderson drama filming at roughly the same time. In April 2010, it was reported that Taylor Kitsch had been cast as Alex Hopper, Alexander Skarsgård played his brother Stone Hopper, Brooklyn Decker stars as Sam, Hopper's fiancee and Liam Neeson as Admiral Shane, Sam's father and Hopper's superior officer. Barbadian R&B singer Rihanna makes her acting debut in the film, as a sailor.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
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"chunk_id": "1967181",
"chunk_text": "\"Kevin Lacz\"\nto actively support service members and veterans by tending to their medical needs. Kevin Lacz Kevin \"\"Dauber\"\" Lacz is a United States Navy SEAL veteran who served two tours in the Iraq War. His platoon's 2006 deployment to Ramadi has been discussed in several books, including Dick Couch's \"\"The Sheriff of Ramadi\"\", Jim DeFelice's \"\"Code Name: Johnny Walker\"\", and Chris Kyle's New York Times best-selling autobiography, \"\"American Sniper\"\". Lacz's presence in the book led to his involvement in the production of and eventual casting in the Clint Eastwood-directed Oscar-winning biopic of the same name (starring Bradley Cooper). Lacz was born",
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"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "8277499",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marines Fly High\"\nA.J. Bolton as \"\"dull\"\" and \"\"lacklustre\"\". The Marines Fly High The Marines Fly High is a 1940 action film, starring Richard Dix, Chester Morris and Lucille Ball and directed by George Nicholls, Jr. and Benjamin Stoloff from a story by A.C. Edington. In 1940, the Central American cocoa plantation owned by American Joan Grant (Lucille Ball) needs protection from bandits led by El Vengador (John Eldredge). She asks the Marines stationed nearby under the command of Colonel Hill (Paul Harvey) for help. Lieutenants Danny Darrick (Richard Dix) and Jim Malone (Chester Morris) fly a mission to seek out the outlaws.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "897112",
"chunk_text": "\"The Marine (film series)\"\n5 and The Marine: Battleground) is an American action film starring Mike \"\"The Miz\"\" Mizanin reprising his role from the previous two films. It also featured Mizanin's wife Maryse Ouellet, Heath Slater, Curtis Axel, Bo Dallas and Naomi. The Marine 6: Close Quarters (also known as The Marine 6 and The Marine: Close Quarters) is an American action film starring Mike \"\"The Miz\"\" Mizanin reprising his role from the previous three films. The sixth and final installment of the series, it will also feature Shawn Michaels and Becky Lynch. The Marine The Marine 2 The Marine 3: Homefront The Marine",
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},
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"chunk_id": "18966287",
"chunk_text": "\"Range 15\"\nthe fate of the world hangs over their ability to fight. The inspiration for making \"\"Range 15\"\" was dissatisfaction with the way military are portrayed in many Hollywood movies including characterization of soldiers and inaccuracies in uniforms and use of weapons. Dakota Meyer and Leroy Petry, Medal of Honor Recipients and former Army Green Beret and UFC MMA fighter, Tim Kennedy participated in the launch video., with SEAL Marcus Luttrell and Clint Romesha (also a Medal of Honor recipient) joining the film's cast. Meyer would later drop out of the film Additional actors signed on included Danny Trejo, Keith David,",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "12212005",
"chunk_text": "\"Pride (2007 film)\"\nPride (2007 film) Pride is a 2007 American biopic drama feature film released by Lionsgate Entertainment on March 23, 2007. Loosely based upon the true story of Philadelphia swim coach James \"\"Jim\"\" Ellis, \"\"Pride\"\" stars Terrence Howard, Bernie Mac, and Kimberly Elise. The film was directed by Sunu Gonera. The film centers on Jim Ellis (Terrence Howard) and grouchy but caring janitor Elston (Bernie Mac). The two have a short-lived rivalry before becoming good friends. It is 1974 and life is not easy for a black male to find employment, even college-educated Jim Ellis (Terrence Howard). While struggling to find",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_id": "10718814",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle Cry (film)\"\nBattle Cry (film) Battle Cry is a 1955 Warner Color film, starring Van Heflin, Aldo Ray, James Whitmore, Tab Hunter, Anne Francis, Dorothy Malone, Raymond Massey, and Mona Freeman in CinemaScope. The movie is based on the novel by former Marine Leon Uris, who also wrote the screenplay, and was produced and directed by Raoul Walsh. The film was shot at Camp Pendleton, California and featured a large amount of cooperation from the United States Marine Corps. In January 1942, as many young men respond to the call for Marine Corps recruits, All-American athlete Danny Forrester boards a train in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
{
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"chunk_id": "3434771",
"chunk_text": "\"24th Marine Expeditionary Unit\"\nmovie, Enemy of the State; two individuals played by Jake Busey and Scott Caan are hired by the government to track down Will Smith's character. Bussey and Caans characters claim their qualifications include serving as Force Reconnaissance Marines with the 24th MEU. The 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit's logo is composed of many distinct parts that, like a MEU, combine to create a meaning or capability that is greater than their simple sum. The scarlet and gold banners, or streamers, form the base and represent the unit's great legacy in battle. The phrase \"\"Crisis Response Force\"\" across the bottom harks to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15977947",
"chunk_text": "\"Marines (film)\"\nMarines (film) Marines is a 2003 American action film directed by Mark Roper. Vladimir Antonov (Hristo Shopov), a ruthless Russian warlord. is one of the most feared criminal masterminds on the planet, and when the smoke cleared on the last attempt by U.S. Marines to take Antonov down, 11 soldiers were killed and two were captured. Colonel Anslow (George Roberson) has sworn that he will never let a situation like that happen to his men ever again, and over the course of the next 36 hours, he will finally have a chance to show his resolve and capture Antonov once",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "8735275",
"chunk_text": "\"Baby Blue Marine\"\nBaby Blue Marine Baby Blue Marine is a 1976 Metrocolor film set during World War II that was directed by John D. Hancock. It stars Jan-Michael Vincent and Glynnis O'Connor. The feature film was produced by Aaron Spelling and Leonard Goldberg, both of whom were better known for their television work. (1976 was also the year that O'Connor appeared opposite John Travolta in \"\"The Boy in the Plastic Bubble\"\", a TV movie produced by Spelling and Goldberg). Film critic Roger Ebert gave the film 2½ out of 4 stars. Marion “Hedge” Hedgepeth, a Marine recruit during World War II, washes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1967173",
"chunk_text": "\"Kevin Lacz\"\nKevin Lacz Kevin \"\"Dauber\"\" Lacz is a United States Navy SEAL veteran who served two tours in the Iraq War. His platoon's 2006 deployment to Ramadi has been discussed in several books, including Dick Couch's \"\"The Sheriff of Ramadi\"\", Jim DeFelice's \"\"Code Name: Johnny Walker\"\", and Chris Kyle's New York Times best-selling autobiography, \"\"American Sniper\"\". Lacz's presence in the book led to his involvement in the production of and eventual casting in the Clint Eastwood-directed Oscar-winning biopic of the same name (starring Bradley Cooper). Lacz was born in Meriden, Connecticut, where he lived until the age of 12, at which",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "10928105",
"chunk_text": "\"Chance Phelps\"\ncategory of drama. The script was also written by LtCol Strobl and filming completed in the fall of 2007, and premiered on February 21, 2009. Actor Kevin Bacon plays the lead role of LtCol Strobl. \"\"Taking Chance\"\" is directed by Ross Katz (producer of \"\"Lost in Translation\"\"). The story of Chance Phelps, as told by LtCol Strobl, is also featured in the book \"\"Faces of Freedom\"\", published in 2007. Chance Phelps Chance Russell Phelps (July 14, 1984 – April 9, 2004) was a private first class – posthumously promoted to lance corporal – in the United States Marine Corps. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16997569",
"chunk_text": "\"Matt McColm\"\nin several television and movie shows. In 1998, he appeared in the lead role in the film \"\"The Protector\"\". In 1994, he appeared in the lead role in the 1994 film \"\"Red Scorpion 2\"\". He also starred in 1997 action movie \"\"Fight and Revenge\"\", which is believed to be lost nowadays. He played the lead character, Sergeant John Trenton, an American commando, captured and tortured for information during his mission. Matt McColm Matt McColm (born January 31, 1965) is an American actor and stuntman, and former model. He has modeled for Ralph Lauren early in his career. As an actor,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
},
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"chunk_id": "19918768",
"chunk_text": "\"Johnny Strong\"\nJohnny Strong Johnny Strong (born July 22, 1974) is an American actor, musician, stuntman and martial artist. He is best known for his roles in \"\"Black Hawk Down\"\" (as Medal of Honor recipient Randy Shughart) and \"\"The Fast and the Furious\"\" as Leon. Aside from acting, Strong is also the Lead vocalist and founder of the band Operator. Strong was born in Los Angeles County, California. At 7 began studying martial arts, taking Judo in the San Fernando Valley. He went on to learn Kickboxing, Jeet Kune Do, Boxing, and eventually earned a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu under Chris",
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{
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"chunk_id": "12804151",
"chunk_text": "\"Brian Stepanek\"\nBrian Stepanek Brian Patrick Stepanek (born February 6, 1971) is an American actor and voice actor. He is known for his role as Arwin Hawkhauser on the Disney Channel Original Series \"\"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\"\" and Brian on \"\"Brian O'Brian\"\". He was also a Sector Seven Agent in the 2007 Michael Bay film \"\"Transformers\"\", and also had a supporting role in \"\"The Island\"\". Stepanek is also known as the voice of Roger in \"\"Father of the Pride\"\" and Tom Harper on the Nickelodeon series \"\"Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn\"\" until 2018. He currently voices Lynn Loud Sr.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17690940",
"chunk_text": "\"Johnny Strong\"\n(film)\"\". Strong stars in \"\"Sinners & Saints\"\", a New Orleans-based police thriller featuring Sean Patrick Flanery and Tom Berenger released in 2012. 2016 marked his return to the screen, starring in \"\"Daylight's End\"\", an apocalyptic zombie thriller movie, with Lance Henriksen. Johnny Strong Johnny Strong (born July 22, 1974) is an American actor, musician, stuntman and martial artist. He is best known for his roles in \"\"Black Hawk Down\"\" (as Medal of Honor recipient Randy Shughart) and \"\"The Fast and the Furious\"\" as Leon. Aside from acting, Strong is also the Lead vocalist and founder of the band Operator. Strong",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_605
|
who wrote how do you do it by gerry and the pacemakers?
|
n/a
|
[
"Mitch Murray"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19275388",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do You Do It?\"\nHow Do You Do It? \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" was the debut single by Liverpudlian band Gerry and the Pacemakers. The song was number one in the UK Singles Chart on 11 April 1963, where it stayed for three weeks. The song was written by Mitch Murray, who offered it to Adam Faith and Brian Poole but was turned down. George Martin of EMI decided to pick it up for the new group he was producing, the Beatles, as the A-side of their first record. The Beatles recorded the song but opposed releasing it, feeling that it did not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13663192",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Marsden\"\nGerry Marsden Gerard Marsden MBE (born 24 September 1942) is an English musician and television personality, best known for being leader of the Merseybeat band Gerry and the Pacemakers. Marsden was born at 8 Menzies Street, Toxteth, Liverpool, and his interest in music began at an early age. He remembers standing on top of an air raid shelter singing \"\"Ragtime Cowboy Joe\"\" and getting a great reception from onlookers. Gerry and the Pacemakers was the second group signed by Brian Epstein and remained among his favourite artists. Their first single was \"\"How Do You Do It,\"\" recommended by George Martin",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "2666239",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nthe chocolate Mars Bar, complained. The band was the second to sign with Brian Epstein, who later signed them to Columbia Records (a sister label to the Beatles' label Parlophone under EMI). They began recording in early 1963 with \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\", a song written by Mitch Murray. The song was produced by George Martin and became a number one hit in the UK, the first by an Epstein-managed Liverpool group to achieve this on all charts. Gerry and the Pacemakers' next two singles, Murray's \"\"I Like It\"\" and Rodgers and Hammerstein's \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\", both also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19275390",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do You Do It?\"\nwas replaced by \"\"From Me to You\"\" (the Beatles' third single). It was the title song of a seven-inch EP record also featuring \"\"Away From You\"\", \"\"I Like It\"\" and \"\"It's Happened to Me\"\" (Columbia SEG8257, released July 1963). The single entered the US charts on 5 July 1964, eventually reaching number nine. How Do You Do It? \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" was the debut single by Liverpudlian band Gerry and the Pacemakers. The song was number one in the UK Singles Chart on 11 April 1963, where it stayed for three weeks. The song was written by Mitch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2666237",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nGerry and the Pacemakers Gerry and the Pacemakers is an English beat group prominent in the 1960s Merseybeat scene. In common with the Beatles, they came from Liverpool, were managed by Brian Epstein, and were recorded by George Martin. They are most remembered for being the first act to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart with their first three single releases: \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\", \"\"I Like It\"\" and \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\". This record was not equalled for 20 years, until the mid-1980s success of fellow Liverpool band Frankie Goes to Hollywood. Another of their most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19275389",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do You Do It?\"\nfit their sound, but worked out changes from Murray's demo-disc version. These included a new introduction, vocal harmony, an instrumental interlude, small lyric changes and removal of the half-step modulation for the last verse. They recorded the song in September, 1962; although Murray disliked their changes, the decision not to release the Beatles' version was primarily a business one. \"\"Love Me Do\"\" was their first single instead. The recording was officially released in November 1995 on the Beatles retrospective \"\"Anthology 1\"\" album. Gerry and the Pacemakers' version, also produced by Martin, became a number-one hit in the UK until it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10554659",
"chunk_text": "\"Ron Richards (producer)\"\nunsuitable for recording work, and he wasn't very impressed by Best's replacement, Ringo Starr. Richards hired session drummer Andy White, and Richards and Martin produced the Beatles' first single \"\"Love Me Do\"\". Richards had suggested the Beatles' first record should be \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" by Mitch Murray and, after Martin took control of the Beatles' sessions, Richards worked with Gerry and the Pacemakers, who were the first act to go to No. 1 with each of their first three singles, \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\", \"\"I Like It\"\", and using Martin's string arrangement, \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\". In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6010513",
"chunk_text": "\"I Like It (Gerry and the Pacemakers song)\"\nI Like It (Gerry and the Pacemakers song) \"\"I Like It\"\" is the second single by Liverpudlian band Gerry and the Pacemakers. Like Gerry Marsden's first number one, it was written by Mitch Murray. The song reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 20 June 1963, where it stayed for four weeks. It reached No. 17 in the American charts in 1964. In 1978, The Rezillos did a punk cover version on their debut album \"\"Can't Stand The Rezillos\"\". In 1980, Depeche Mode had it in their early live set. It was used in the first part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6010514",
"chunk_text": "\"I Like It (Gerry and the Pacemakers song)\"\ntwo-part Australian miniseries called \"\"\"\" that screened in 2015 on Channel Seven. I Like It (Gerry and the Pacemakers song) \"\"I Like It\"\" is the second single by Liverpudlian band Gerry and the Pacemakers. Like Gerry Marsden's first number one, it was written by Mitch Murray. The song reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 20 June 1963, where it stayed for four weeks. It reached No. 17 in the American charts in 1964. In 1978, The Rezillos did a punk cover version on their debut album \"\"Can't Stand The Rezillos\"\". In 1980, Depeche Mode had it in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5262058",
"chunk_text": "\"Mitch Murray\"\nMitch Murray Mitch Murray (born Lionel Michael Stitcher, 30 January 1940, Hove, Sussex, England), is an English songwriter, record producer and author. He has won two Ivor Novello Awards, including the Jimmy Kennedy Award. Murray has written, or co-written, songs that have produced five UK and three US chart-topping records. He has also been awarded the Gold Badge of Merit by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. Murray’s first major songwriting success was \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" It was picked up by producer George Martin, who insisted that The Beatles record it as their first single. Their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2666242",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nHillsborough football crowd disaster, giving Marsden – in association with other Liverpool stars, including Paul McCartney and Frankie Goes to Hollywood's Holly Johnson – another British number one. In the US, their recordings were released by the small New York City record label Laurie in 1963, with whom they issued four singles without success. When the Beatles broke through in January 1964, Laurie's next regular single release of \"\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\" became a big hit and during 1964 Laurie coupled \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" with \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\" (Laurie 3261) and \"\"I Like It\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10755733",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Marsden\"\nCross the Mersey\"\". In 1993, Marsden published his autobiography, \"\"I'll Never Walk Alone\"\", co-written with former \"\"Melody Maker\"\" editor Ray Coleman. On 15 September 2003, Marsden had triple bypass heart surgery at Broad Green Hospital in Liverpool. He had a second heart operation in 2016, and announced his retirement in November 2018. Gerry Marsden Gerard Marsden MBE (born 24 September 1942) is an English musician and television personality, best known for being leader of the Merseybeat band Gerry and the Pacemakers. Marsden was born at 8 Menzies Street, Toxteth, Liverpool, and his interest in music began at an early age.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6494058",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Marsden\"\nafter it was initially given to the Beatles. This was the first number one hit for the Pacemakers. It was recorded at Abbey Road Studios and was released on EMI's Columbia label. Marsden said the recording took four or five takes. The group's second number one was \"\"I Like It\"\", followed by \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\". Other singles included \"\"It's Gonna Be Alright\"\", \"\"I'm the One\"\", \"\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\" and \"\"Ferry Cross the Mersey\"\". In 1965 Gerry married Pauline Behan and they have two daughters, Yvette and Victoria. After leaving the Pacemakers—his brother Fred Marsden, Les",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20904001",
"chunk_text": "\"Mitch Murray\"\nlack of enthusiasm was clear in the recording, which remained officially unreleased until it appeared on \"\"Anthology 1\"\" in 1995. Martin let them release \"\"Love Me Do\"\" instead, passing \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\" to another young Liverpool based group, Gerry and the Pacemakers. Their version - essentially a copy of The Beatles' recording - launched their career with a UK Number 1 single the following spring. Thus encouraged, Murray sent them another of his songs, \"\"I Like It\"\", which became their second single and also topped the UK Singles Chart. He had further success throughout the next ten years,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17870936",
"chunk_text": "\"From Me to You\"\nThe Pacemakers, who also hailed from Liverpool, were very much rivals of the Beatles in their early days—Gerry and the Pacemakers attained the first number one (\"\"How Do You Do It\"\") before the Beatles, and also claimed their second and third number ones before the Beatles did, slowly losing steam afterwards as Beatlemania launched and the Beatles dominated music worldwide in 1964. A true indication of how successful the Beatles became thanks to \"\"From Me to You\"\" (though it would soon be overshadowed by \"\"She Loves You\"\" and \"\"I Want to Hold Your Hand\"\") was expressed by McCartney: \"\"The first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2666243",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nwith \"\"Jambalaya (On the Bayou)\"\" (Laurie 3271) with some success. By late 1965, their popularity was rapidly declining on both sides of the Atlantic. They disbanded in October 1966, with much of their latter recorded material never released in the UK. Gerry Marsden became a popular cabaret and children's TV entertainer. He reformed the Pacemakers in 1972 with prominent Liverpool musicians Jose McLaughlin, Billy Kinsley and Pete Clarke. This second version of the group, as well as touring internationally, became the only 'Merseybeat' band to ever record for \"\"The John Peel Show\"\" on BBC Radio 1in April 1973. The tracks",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3060343",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\nin February 1964. The group then decided to issue their own version. The record, like the group's earlier releases, was produced by George Martin. It was released in April 1964 as Gerry and the Pacemakers' fifth single in Britain, and spent 11 weeks on the United Kingdom's \"\"Record Retailer\"\" chart, reaching No. 6. In the US, it was the breakthrough single for the group, spending 12 weeks on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, reaching No. 4. The song debuted at No. 4 in the first issue of Canada's \"\"RPM\"\" \"\"Top Forty-5s\"\" chart, while reaching No. 5 on Canada's CHUM Hit Parade,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19739695",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\nand No. 6 on New Zealand's \"\"Lever Hit Parade\"\". Gerry and the Pacemakers performed the song on their first US television show, \"\"The Ed Sullivan Show\"\" on 3 May 1964. The group's earlier UK hit singles - \"\"How Do You Do It?\"\", \"\"I Like It\"\", \"\"You'll Never Walk Alone\"\" and \"\"I'm the One\"\" - were then reissued in the US to follow up its success, but \"\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\" remained their biggest hit in the United States. The song has been recorded by many other singers, including Steve Lawrence (1964), José Feliciano (1968), Rickie Lee Jones",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18611728",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerald Casale\"\nGerald Casale Gerald Vincent \"\"Jerry\"\" Casale (born Gerald Vincent Pizzute; July 28, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, commercial and music video director, and vintner. Casale's music career spans more than 40 years. He came to prominence in the late 1970s as co-founder and bass player of the new wave band Devo, which released a Top 20 hit in 1980 with the single \"\"Whip It\"\". Casale is one of the main composers of Devo's music and made major lyrical contributions to the band's songs, while also designing Devo's distinctive attire (including the energy dome, plastic pompadours,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7355244",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do I Make You\"\nthe lead vocalist of defining new wave act Blondie. He further described the song as \"\"Buddy Holly-like\"\" and that it roughly brackets \"\"How Do I Make You\"\" with earlier Ronstadt hits \"\"That'll Be the Day\"\" (1976) and \"\"It's So Easy\"\" (1977), both remakes of Buddy Holly records. The 1980 album \"\"Chipmunk Punk\"\" by Alvin and the Chipmunks featured a cover of \"\"How Do I Make You.\"\" How Do I Make You \"\"How Do I Make You\"\" was a Top 10 hit song composed by Billy Steinberg and recorded by Linda Ronstadt in 1980. Steinberg stated that he was \"\"a little",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7339293",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe Porter (producer)\"\nget a percentage of their self composed songs. The case was dismissed. He had produced their 1971 song \"\"Ive Found Someone Of My Own\"\". Possibly due to competition with Soul Train, \"\"American Bandstand\"\" may have updated their version of \"\"Bandstand Boogie\"\" to a disco version. Joe Porter was responsible for the new disco version which played during the opening and closing credits of the show from 1974 to 1977. Along with James Quill Smith, he co-wrote \"\"How Does It Feel\"\" for Terry Fischer. Along with Ellen Weston and Lesley Gore, Gladys Knight & the Pips, he co-write \"\"Give It To",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2666245",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nthat he was \"\"ill\"\". Gerry Marsden announced his retirement along with his band on 29 November 2018 to spend more time with his Family. In the United States, a different series of Gerry and the Pacemakers' singles was issued, as their Laurie Records label created more albums, and at least two singles, which were never issued in Britain. This was a standard practice at the time; it also happened with the Beatles and the Dave Clark 5. † – Soundtrack, includes other artists In 1963, Gerry Marsden was quoted as saying – \"\"NME\"\" – August 1963 Gerry and the Pacemakers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10955101",
"chunk_text": "\"The Way You Do the Things You Do\"\nThe Way You Do the Things You Do \"\"The Way You Do the Things You Do\"\" is a 1964 hit single by the Temptations for the Gordy (Motown) label. Written by Miracles members Smokey Robinson and Bobby Rogers, the single was the Temptations' first charting single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, peaking in the Top 20 at number eleven; it also went to number one on the \"\"Cash Box\"\" R&B chart. Falsetto Eddie Kendricks sings lead on the record, composed by Robinson and Rogers while on the road with the Miracles as part of the Motortown Revue tour. Its plethora",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3595938",
"chunk_text": "Cuddlebug\nCuddlebug Cuddlebug was The Simon Sisters second album, released in 1964 for Kapp Records. The album was produced by up-and-coming music producer at the time, Jo Siopis. Siopis brought a raw and uncompromising merseybeat rock style to The Simon Sisters record, having been clearly influenced by her earlier work on the Gerry & The Pacemakers album \"\"How Do You Like It?\"\". In 2006, Hip-O-Select re-released the album, along with their debut \"\"Meet The Simon Sisters\"\", as one disc \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\". The album was an online only release, with only 4,000 copies printed, it is currently out of print. Side one Side",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7355240",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do I Make You\"\nHow Do I Make You \"\"How Do I Make You\"\" was a Top 10 hit song composed by Billy Steinberg and recorded by Linda Ronstadt in 1980. Steinberg stated that he was \"\"a little bit influenced\"\" by the Knack hit \"\"My Sharona\"\" in writing \"\"How Do I Make You.\"\" He originally recorded the song with his band Billy Thermal as one of several demos produced while the band was signed to Planet Records. The label ultimately did not release these songs. However, several Billy Thermal demos, including \"\"How Do I Make You\"\", were eventually included on a \"\"Billy Thermal\"\" EP",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15310478",
"chunk_text": "\"'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It)\"\n'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It) 'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It) is a song written by jazz musicians Melvin \"\"Sy\"\" Oliver and James \"\"Trummy\"\" Young. It was first recorded in 1939 by Jimmie Lunceford, Harry James, and Ella Fitzgerald, and again the same year by Nat Gonella and His Georgians. The \"\"shim sham\"\" is often danced to the Lunceford recording of this song. The jazz tune was transformed into a pop song with ska elements in 1982. With the title slightly altered to \"\"It Ain't What You Do...\"\", it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11430968",
"chunk_text": "\"Terry Britten\"\nTerry Britten Terence Ernest Britten (born July 1947) is an English singer-songwriter and record producer, who has written songs for Tina Turner, Cliff Richard, Olivia Newton-John, Status Quo and Michael Jackson amongst many others. Britten (along with co-writer Graham Lyle) won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1985 for \"\"What's Love Got to Do with It\"\". Britten is a native of Manchester, but began writing for the Adelaide, Australia band The Twilights, a popular 1960s band for which he played lead guitar. At times he co-wrote with Glenn Shorrock and Peter Brideoake. He also recorded a single",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6096317",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do I Get Close\"\nHow Do I Get Close \"\"How Do I Get Close\"\" is a song released by the British rock group, the Kinks. Released on the band's critically panned LP, \"\"UK Jive\"\", the song was written by the band's main songwriter, Ray Davies. \"\"How Do I Get Close\"\" was first released on the Kinks' album \"\"UK Jive\"\". \"\"UK Jive\"\" failed to make an impression on fans and critics alike, as the album failed to chart in the UK and only reached No. 122 in America. However, despite the failure of the album and the lead UK single, \"\"Down All the Days (Till",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2666241",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry and the Pacemakers\"\nanother number one single in the UK. Marsden began writing most of their songs, including \"\"I'm the One\"\",\"\"It's Gonna Be All Right\"\" and \"\"Ferry Cross the Mersey\"\", as well as their first and biggest US hit, \"\"Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying\"\", which peaked at No.4. The band also starred in an early 1965 film, \"\"Ferry Cross the Mersey\"\" (sometimes referred to as \"\"Gerry and the Pacemakers' version of \"\"A Hard Day's Night\"\"\"\"), for which Marsden wrote much of the soundtrack. The title song was revived in 1989 as a charity single for an appeal in response to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20835641",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do You Do (Mouth & MacNeal song)\"\nHow Do You Do (Mouth & MacNeal song) \"\"How Do You Do\"\" released in 1971 was an international hit single for Dutch duo Mouth & MacNeal. It was #1 in the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland, and New Zealand. It also spent 19 weeks in the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 a year later, and a cover version by Scots-German duo Die Windows (later Windows) reached #1 in Germany. The single earned Mouth & MacNeal, and its composers Hans van Hemert and Harry van Hoof, the 1972 Buma Export Award for the most records sold abroad by a Dutch musical act in that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2946940",
"chunk_text": "\"Mouth & MacNeal\"\nthe United States by radio personality Jim Connors and the song eventually reached #8 in the U.S. in July 1972. \"\"How Do You Do\"\" spent 19 weeks in the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and won the R.I.A.A. gold disc on 2 August 1972. Selling over a million copies in the U.S. alone, global sales exceeded two million. This propelled their 1972 album \"\"Hey You Love / How Do You Do\"\" into the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 (US #77). More hit singles followed in 1973, and in 1974 Mouth & MacNeal represented the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest with their song \"\"I See",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3349040",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddie Kendricks\"\nEddie Kendricks Edward James Kendrick (December 17, 1939 – October 5, 1992), best known by the stage name Eddie Kendricks, was an American singer and songwriter. Noted for his distinctive falsetto singing style, Kendricks co-founded the Motown singing group The Temptations, and was one of their lead singers from 1960 until 1971. His was the lead voice on such famous songs as \"\"The Way You Do The Things You Do\"\", \"\"Get Ready\"\", and \"\"Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)\"\". As a solo artist, Kendricks recorded several hits of his own during the 1970s, including the number-one single \"\"Keep On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15258061",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Teifer\"\nGerry Teifer Gerald Emmett Teifer (May 28, 1922 – September 20, 2004) was a songwriter, music publisher, recording industry executive, and entertainer. He was born in Muskegon, Michigan and moved to Chicago, then in 1956 he moved to New York City. His professional career took him to Los Angeles, and Nashville where he influenced the lives of many in the music business. Gerry's songs were recorded by numerous artists including Eddy Arnold, Johnnie Ray, and Doris Day. As a songwriter his best known hits were \"\"A Full Time Job\"\" recorded by Eddy Arnold (1952), and \"\"I Don't Care (As Long",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1508104",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Rafferty\"\nGerry Rafferty Gerald Rafferty (16 April 1947 – 4 January 2011) was a Scottish singer-songwriter known for his solo hits \"\"Baker Street\"\", \"\"Right Down the Line\"\" and \"\"Night Owl\"\", as well as \"\"Stuck in the Middle with You\"\", recorded with the band Stealers Wheel. Rafferty was born into a working-class family in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. His mother taught him both Irish and Scottish folk songs as a boy; later, he was influenced by the music of The Beatles and Bob Dylan. He joined the folk-pop group The Humblebums in 1969. After they disbanded in 1971, he recorded his first solo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20392512",
"chunk_text": "\"Must Do Something About It\"\nMust Do Something About It \"\"Must Do Something About It\"\" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney that first appeared on the Wings 1976 album \"\"Wings at the Speed of Sound\"\". The lead vocal was sung by Wings drummer Joe English rather than by McCartney, the only Wings song on which English was the lead vocalist. This was part of McCartney's attempt to democratize the band; each of the five members of Wings had at least one lead vocal on \"\"Wings at the Speed of Sound\"\". McCartney decided to have English perform the lead vocal after the backing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20392507",
"chunk_text": "\"Must Do Something About It\"\nMust Do Something About It \"\"Must Do Something About It\"\" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney that first appeared on the Wings 1976 album \"\"Wings at the Speed of Sound\"\". The lead vocal was sung by Wings drummer Joe English rather than by McCartney, the only Wings song on which English was the lead vocalist. This was part of McCartney's attempt to democratize the band; each of the five members of Wings had at least one lead vocal on \"\"Wings at the Speed of Sound\"\". McCartney decided to have English perform the lead vocal after the backing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20835642",
"chunk_text": "\"How Do You Do (Mouth & MacNeal song)\"\nyear. How Do You Do (Mouth & MacNeal song) \"\"How Do You Do\"\" released in 1971 was an international hit single for Dutch duo Mouth & MacNeal. It was #1 in the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland, and New Zealand. It also spent 19 weeks in the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 a year later, and a cover version by Scots-German duo Die Windows (later Windows) reached #1 in Germany. The single earned Mouth & MacNeal, and its composers Hans van Hemert and Harry van Hoof, the 1972 Buma Export Award for the most records sold abroad by a Dutch musical act in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3796453",
"chunk_text": "\"Mouth & MacNeal\"\nMouth & MacNeal Mouth & MacNeal was a pop duo from the Netherlands. They are best known for their million selling recording of \"\"How Do You Do\"\" in 1972, which topped the Dutch chart and became a US top ten hit, and for representing the Netherlands at the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest, finishing third with the song \"\"I See a Star\"\", which went on to become a UK top ten hit. They were formed in 1971 when record producer Hans van Hemert brought together the solo talent of Big Mouth (born Willem Duyn) and Maggie MacNeal (born Sjoukje van't Spijker).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "123596",
"chunk_text": "\"Fakin' It (Simon & Garfunkel song)\"\ncameo appearance. The song was a minor hit in the United States, peaking at number 23 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Shortly before production began in earnest on Simon & Garfunkel's fourth LP, \"\"Bookends\"\", Paul Simon hit a dry spell in his writing. Amid concerns for Simon's idleness, Columbia Records chairman Clive Davis arranged for up-and-coming record producer John Simon to kick-start the recording. His first session with the group was for \"\"Fakin' It\"\" in June 1967. The duo were signed under an older contract that specified the label pay for sessions (\"\"As a folk duo, how much could recording",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3489416",
"chunk_text": "\"'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It)\"\nSome reissues of the album also include the \"\"Just Do It\"\" section as a separate trac. 'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It) 'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It) is a song written by jazz musicians Melvin \"\"Sy\"\" Oliver and James \"\"Trummy\"\" Young. It was first recorded in 1939 by Jimmie Lunceford, Harry James, and Ella Fitzgerald, and again the same year by Nat Gonella and His Georgians. The \"\"shim sham\"\" is often danced to the Lunceford recording of this song. The jazz tune was transformed into a pop song with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "975142",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddie Kendricks\"\nand Kendrick Eddie Kendricks Edward James Kendrick (December 17, 1939 – October 5, 1992), best known by the stage name Eddie Kendricks, was an American singer and songwriter. Noted for his distinctive falsetto singing style, Kendricks co-founded the Motown singing group The Temptations, and was one of their lead singers from 1960 until 1971. His was the lead voice on such famous songs as \"\"The Way You Do The Things You Do\"\", \"\"Get Ready\"\", and \"\"Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)\"\". As a solo artist, Kendricks recorded several hits of his own during the 1970s, including the number-one single",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14711570",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerry Goffin\"\ndynamic force, whose words and creative influence will resonate for generations to come.\"\" Barry Goldberg, who wrote many later songs with Goffin, said \"\"Gerry was one of the greatest lyricists of all time and my true soul brother.\"\" Gerry Goffin Gerald Goffin (February 11, 1939 – June 19, 2014) was an American lyricist. Writing initially with his wife Carole King, he co-wrote many international pop hits of the early and mid-1960s, including the US No.1 hits \"\"Will You Love Me Tomorrow\"\", \"\"Take Good Care of My Baby\"\", \"\"The Loco-Motion\"\", and \"\"Go Away Little Girl\"\". It was later said of Goffin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10024237",
"chunk_text": "\"Shake a Tail Feather\"\ntheir 1994 10\"\" vinyl release \"\"Audio Recording\"\". In 2012, one of the songwriters, Andre Williams included the song on his 2012 Alive album, \"\"Life\"\". In November 2013 The Overtones recorded the song for their album \"\"Saturday Night at the Movies\"\". Other artists who have recorded the song include Ike & Tina Turner with the Ikettes, The Ikettes alone, and imitated as re-created in the film \"\"What's Love Got to Do with It\"\", Mitch Ryder, Gerry & The Pacemakers, Tommy James and the Shondells, and The Romantics. Shake a Tail Feather \"\"Shake a Tail Feather\"\" (Otha Hayes, Verlie Rice, and Andre",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14083727",
"chunk_text": "\"I Can Do It\"\nI Can Do It \"\"I Can Do It\"\" was the was the fourth single released by the English band The Rubettes and the second single from their album We Can Do It. The song was written and produced by Wayne Bickerton and Tony Waddington. It reached number 7 in the UK charts, making it the band's third top 10 UK hit from four single releases.<br> The single was significant in that it was the first release on the State Records, a label set up by Bickerton, Waddington and John Fruin in 1975, bearing the catalogue number STAT 1. Lyrics of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18470093",
"chunk_text": "\"The Way You Do the Things You Do\"\nin 1967 by the Temptations, with the title \"\"\"\"Sei solo tu\"\"\"\" (\"\"It's just you\"\"). The song has been an American Top 40 hit in four successive decades, from the 1960s to the 1990s. In 1985, a live version (part of a medley with \"\"My Girl\"\") was released by Hall & Oates featuring David Ruffin and Eddie Kendrick, reaching #20. There have also been versions by Eric Donaldson, Elkie Brooks, the Underdogs, Manfred Mann in 1965 on their \"\"Mann Made\"\" album, the Iveys (Pete Ham, Tom Evans, Ron Griffiths & Mike Gibbins, before Griffiths quit, to be replaced by Joey Molland,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "252817",
"chunk_text": "\"Whatcha Gonna Do About It\"\nWhatcha Gonna Do About It \"\"Whatcha Gonna Do About It\"\" is the debut single released by the English rock group Small Faces, released in the UK on 6 August 1965. The song peaked at number 14 in the UK Singles Chart, and stayed on chart for a total of 14 weeks. It reached number 28 in Canada. The songwriting duo of the group Steve Marriott and Ronnie Lane already had the melody for the song, the inspiration coming from Solomon Burke's hit record \"\"Everybody Needs Somebody to Love.\"\" However they had no lyrics, so their manager, Don Arden, brought in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18488088",
"chunk_text": "\"Graham Lyle\"\nGraham Lyle Graham Hamilton Lyle (born 11 March 1944, Bellshill, Lanarkshire, Scotland) is a Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer. Between 1970 and 1997, he co-wrote 18 British Top 40 hits, 8 \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 entries, 4 US Country No.1s and 1 US Adult Contemporary No.1, as well as 3 Australian chart-toppers. His songwriting collaborators have included Terry Britten, Albert Hammond, Troy Seals, Jim Diamond and his long-time performing partner, Benny Gallagher. His most famous composition is Tina Turner's 1984 US chart-topper and international smash, \"\"What's Love Got to Do with It?\"\", which reached No.1 in the US, Canada and Australia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4092875",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Wallace\"\nthe chart, crossing to No. 38 pop. \"\"How The Time Flies\"\" was Wallace's first big hit, reaching No. 11 pop and No. 11 R&B. In 1972, he gained nomination for the Country Music Association Award as Male Vocalist of the Year, and his song \"\"To Get To You\"\" gained nomination for Single of the Year. Wallace died on May 5, 2008 in Corona, California, after suffering congestive heart failure. A United States Navy veteran of World War II, Wallace was buried at Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, California. Jerry Wallace Jerry Wallace (December 15, 1928 – May 5, 2008) was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17533237",
"chunk_text": "\"Whatcha Wanna Do About It\"\nWhatcha Wanna Do About It \"\"Whatcha Wanna Do About It\"\" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Madeline Merlo for her debut studio album, \"\"Free Soul\"\" (2016). The song was written by Connie Harrington, Matt McGinn, and Steve Moakler, and was produced by Matt Rovey. It was released January 22, 2016 as the album's fourth official single. Following its release, \"\"Whatcha Wanna Do About It\"\" became Merlo's fastest-rising single and earned Merlo her first top ten single on the Canada Country chart. \"\"Whatcha Wanna Do About It\"\" describes a relatable situation in which two people \"\"dance around\"\" their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10406470",
"chunk_text": "\"It's So Easy! (The Crickets song)\"\nIt's So Easy! (The Crickets song) \"\"It's So Easy!\"\" is a rock-and-roll song written by Buddy Holly and Norman Petty. It was originally released as a single in 1958 by the Crickets, which failed to chart. it was the final release by the Crickets when Holly was still in the band. A cover version of the song by Linda Ronstadt in 1977 was a Top Five hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. Paul McCartney controls the publishing rights to the song through MPL Communications. The song was recorded by Holly and the Crickets from June to August 1958 at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_606
|
when was the reaper invented by cyrus mccormick?
|
n/a
|
[
"1837",
"1834"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19661046",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nCyrus McCormick Cyrus Hall McCormick (February 15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and businessman who founded the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, which later became part of the International Harvester Company in 1902. From the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of his family became prominent residents of Chicago. McCormick has been simplistically credited as the single inventor of the mechanical reaper. However, he was one of several designing engineers who produced successful models in the 1830s. His efforts built on more than two decades of work by his father Robert McCormick Jr., as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16606859",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nother living man.\"\" The Wisconsin Historical Society holds Cyrus McCormick's papers. Cyrus McCormick Cyrus Hall McCormick (February 15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and businessman who founded the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, which later became part of the International Harvester Company in 1902. From the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of his family became prominent residents of Chicago. McCormick has been simplistically credited as the single inventor of the mechanical reaper. However, he was one of several designing engineers who produced successful models in the 1830s. His efforts built on more than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19661049",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nof Steeles Tavern, Virginia in 1831. He claimed to have developed a final version of the reaper in 18 months. The young McCormick was granted a patent on the reaper on June 21, 1834, two years after having been granted a patent for a self-sharpening plow. However, none were sold, because the machine could not handle varying conditions. The McCormick family also worked together in a blacksmith/metal smelting business. The panic of 1837 almost caused the family to go into bankruptcy when a partner pulled out. In 1839 McCormick started doing more public demonstrations of the reaper, but local farmers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11362254",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\nMcCormick in 1834 as a horse-drawn farm implement to cut small grain crops. This McCormick reaper machine had several special elements: Cyrus McCormick claimed that his reaper was actually invented in 1831, giving him the true claim to the general design of the machine. Over the next few decades the Hussey and McCormick reapers would compete with each other in the marketplace, despite being quite similar. By the 1850's, the original patents of both Hussey and McCormick had expired and many other manufacturers put similar machines on the market. In 1861, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16917524",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert McCormick (Virginia)\"\nRobert McCormick (Virginia) Robert McCormick Jr. (June 8, 1780 – July 4, 1846) was an American inventor, who invented numerous devices including a version of the reaper which his eldest son Cyrus McCormick patented in 1834. Although he lived his life in rural Virginia, he was patriarch of the McCormick family that became influential throughout the world, especially in large cities such as Chicago Washington, D.C. and New York City. McCormick was born June 8, 1780, on the family estate of Walnut Grove in Rockbridge County, Virginia, in the Shenandoah Valley on the western side of the Blue Ridge Mountains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16917528",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert McCormick (Virginia)\"\nis a soft red winter wheat (\"\"Triticum aestivum L.\"\") developed and released in May 2002 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station. Robert McCormick (Virginia) Robert McCormick Jr. (June 8, 1780 – July 4, 1846) was an American inventor, who invented numerous devices including a version of the reaper which his eldest son Cyrus McCormick patented in 1834. Although he lived his life in rural Virginia, he was patriarch of the McCormick family that became influential throughout the world, especially in large cities such as Chicago Washington, D.C. and New York City. McCormick was born June 8, 1780, on the family",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19661047",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nwell as the aid of Jo Anderson, a slave held by his family. He also successfully developed a modern company, with manufacturing, marketing, and a sales force to market his products. Cyrus McCormick was born on February 15, 1809 in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. He was the eldest of eight children born to inventor Robert McCormick Jr. (1780–1846) and Mary Ann \"\"Polly\"\" Hall (1780–1853). As Cyrus' father saw the potential of the design for a mechanical reaper, he applied for a patent to claim it as his own invention. He worked for 28 years on a horse-drawn mechanical reaper",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "19661052",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nstreets at the time, but the city had the best water transportation from the east over the Great Lakes for his raw materials, as well as railroad connections to the farther west where his customers would be. When McCormick tried to renew his patent in 1848, the US Patent Office noted that a similar machine had already been patented by Obed Hussey a few months earlier. McCormick claimed he had really invented his machine in 1831, but the renewal was denied. William Manning of Plainfield, New Jersey had also received a patent for his reaper in May 1831, but at",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "19661050",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nstill thought the machine was unreliable. He did sell one in 1840, but none for 1841. Using the endorsement of his father's first customer for a machine built by McPhetrich, Cyrus continuously attempted to improve the design. He finally sold seven reapers in 1842, 29 in 1843, and 50 in 1844. They were all built manually in the family farm shop. He received a second patent for reaper improvements on January 31, 1845. As word spread about the reaper, McCormick noticed orders arriving from farther west, where farms tended to be larger and the land flatter. While he was in",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "14883537",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick Farm\"\nwhere meat was dried and smoked to preserve it through the winter. Refrigeration was not introduced until the late 19th century. The McCormick family also maintained a school on their property for neighboring children. The McCormick Farm at Walnut Grove is known as the birthplace of the mechanical reaper, the predecessor to the combine harvester. Cyrus McCormick reportedly designed, built, and tested his reaper all within six weeks at Walnut Grove, although the design may have been merely an improvement upon the similar device developed by his father and his brother Leander over 20 years. Shortly after constructing his first",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
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"chunk_id": "11362253",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\nMade in Baltimore, Maryland, Hussey's design was a major improvement in reaping efficiency. The new reaper only required two horses working in a non-strenuous manner, a man to work the machine, and another person to drive. In addition, the Hussey Reaper left an even and clean surface after its use. The \"\"McCormick Reaper\"\" was designed by Robert McCormick in Walnut Grove, Virginia. However, Robert became frustrated when he was unable to perfect his new device. His son Cyrus asked for permission to try to complete his father's project. With permission granted, the McCormick Reaper was patented by his son Cyrus",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11362256",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\ndid not experience mainstream success and acceptance until at least 20 years after it was patented by Cyrus McCormick. This was because the McCormick reaper lacked a quality unique to Obed Hussey's reaper. Hussey's reaper used a sawlike cutter bar that cut stalks far more effectively than McCormick's. Only once Cyrus McCormick was able to acquire the rights to Hussey's cutter-bar mechanism (around 1850) did a truly revolutionary machine emerge. Other factors in the gradual uptake of mechanized reaping included natural cultural conservatism among farmers (proven tradition versus new and unknown machinery); the poor state of many new farm fields,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
{
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"chunk_id": "880204",
"chunk_text": "\"William M. Blair\"\nMcCormick (1860–1917), was the daughter of the agricultural machinery manufacturer William Sanderson McCormick (1815–1865) and a member of the illustrious McCormick family. Her grandfather was Robert McCormick (1780–1846), who invented a mechanical reaper. William graduated from Groton School in 1903, and received a BA from Yale University in 1907. At Yale, he was on the rowing crew and a member of the Skull and Bones society. He later received honorary degrees from Northwestern University in 1964 and Lake Forest College. Upon graduation he entered the Northern Trust Company of Chicago. Shortly after, he entered the bond brokerage firm, David Reid",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
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"chunk_id": "5468118",
"chunk_text": "\"Brooks McCormick\"\nBrooks McCormick Brooks McCormick (February 23, 1917 – August 15, 2006) was a member of the American family that ran International Harvester and a noted philanthropist and equestrian. He was the chief executive officer of International Harvester in the 1970s, and was the final member of the McCormick family to lead the company that they had founded. Born February 23, 1917 in Chicago, Illinois, to the distinguished McCormick family, McCormick was the great-grandnephew of Cyrus McCormick, whose 19th century development of the horse-drawn reaper was the start of a large agricultural machinery business. His father, Chauncey McCormick (1884–1954), was a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6320488",
"chunk_text": "\"Raphine, Virginia\"\nof Cyrus McCormick (1809-1884). He became famous as the inventor of the mechanical reaper in 1831. He moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1847, and was the founder, with his brother Leander, of the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company which became part of International Harvester Corporation in 1902. The McCormick farm became a test farm for Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (better known as \"\"Virginia Tech\"\"). In addition to Walnut Grove, the Kennedy-Lunsford Farm and Kennedy-Wade Mill are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notable residents of Raphine include Christopher Young who was awarded worlds ugliest man in 2017.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
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"chunk_id": "14883539",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick Farm\"\nof the 19th century, McCormick's company had built a primitive combine, which could harvest grain even faster and cheaper than older reapers. Prior to inventing the reaper, farmers could only harvest a day; after the reaper was invented, farmers could harvest a day using less manual labor. The mechanical reaper did not require a family to toil all day to harvest crops. Instead, a single farmer merely operated the machine and the reaper would do the rest of the work. His work in mechanical reapers and harvesting techniques allowed farmers to cultivate plots of land bigger than ever thought possible.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16917527",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert McCormick (Virginia)\"\na reaper. He was encouraged by Polly to give it to their assertive and business-minded son Cyrus, who was able to improve and patent it in 1834. He died on July 4, 1846. He and his wife were buried in the cemetery of the Old Providence Stone Church just north of the estate. In 2002, Robert Jr. and his three surviving sons had a variety of wheat named after them, for \"\"inventing, perfecting, manufacturing, and marketing of the mechanical grain reaper [which] ushered in the era of modern agriculture and wrought one of the greatest advancements in agricultural history.\"\" \"\"McCormick\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19253940",
"chunk_text": "\"John Henry Manny\"\nJohn Henry Manny John Henry Manny (1825–1856) was the inventor of the Manny Reaper, one of various makes of reaper used to harvest grain in the 19th century. Cyrus McCormick III, in his \"\"Century of the Reaper\"\", called Manny \"\"the most brilliant and successful of all <nowiki>[</nowiki>Cyrus McCormick I's<nowiki>]</nowiki> competitors,\"\" a field of many brilliant people. John Henry Manny was born November 28, 1825 in Amsterdam, New York. His father was Pells Manny and mother was Sarah Swart. Siblings included Josiah Manny, Eliza Manny, Rebecca Ann Manny, and Gabriel Manny. He moved to Waddams Township in Stephenson County, Illinois, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12333196",
"chunk_text": "\"Leander J. McCormick\"\nLeander J. McCormick Leander James McCormick (February 8, 1819 – February 20, 1900) was an American inventor, manufacturer, philanthropist, and businessman and a member of the McCormick family of Chicago and Virginia. Along with his elder brothers Cyrus and William, he is regarded as one of the fathers of modern agriculture due to his part in the development of the McCormick Reaper and what became the International Harvester Company. He also owned and developed vast amounts of real estate in downtown Chicago and Lake Forest, Illinois. In 1885 he donated one of the world's largest telescopes to the University of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17095982",
"chunk_text": "\"International Harvester\"\nwith Tenneco, the remainder of International Harvester (primarily heavy trucks) became Navistar International Corporation in 1986. The roots of International Harvester run to the 1830s, when Cyrus Hall McCormick, an inventor from Virginia, finalized his version of a horse-drawn reaper, which he field-demonstrated throughout 1831, and for which he received a patent in 1834. Together with his brother Leander J. McCormick (1819–1900), McCormick moved to Chicago in 1847 and started the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company. The McCormick reaper sold well, partially as a result of savvy and innovative business practices. Their products came onto the market just as the development",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12333198",
"chunk_text": "\"Leander J. McCormick\"\ninvented agricultural machines including the mechanical reaper, for which Leander's eldest brother Cyrus McCormick received the patent in 1834. Leander eventually developed multiple improvements to the reaper and received patents for two of them, with the remainder being patented by his brother Cyrus. At age 26, McCormick married Henrietta Maria Hamilton on her parents' homestead, Locust Hill, in Rockbridge County on October 22, 1845. The following year their father Robert McCormick, Jr. died. Leander had a third share of the reaper business, which amounted to 75 machines in 1846. In 1847 Leander helped Cyrus set up a factory in Cincinnati,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "14883538",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick Farm\"\nreaper he went on to harvest his first crop with it later that year. After building his first reaper, Cyrus constantly went back to the drawing board to revise and improve his basic design, coming out with new models almost every decade. After his father's death, Cyrus McCormick moved his base of operations from Rockbridge County, Virginia to Chicago, Illinois in 1847 because of the fertile prairie soil in the midwestern United States. In 1859, Cyrus was joined by his brothers Leander James McCormick and William Sanderson McCormick to form the company Cyrus H. McCormick and Brothers. By the end",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20586114",
"chunk_text": "\"Technological and industrial history of the United States\"\non the land for 5 years or allowed the farmer to purchase the land after 6 months for $1.25 per acre ($3/ha). Even as America's westward expansion allowed over 400 million acres (1,600,000 km²) of new land to be put under cultivation, between 1870 and 1910 the number of Americans involved in farming or farm labor dropped by a third. New farming techniques and agricultural mechanization facilitated both processes. Cyrus McCormick's reaper (invented in 1834) allowed farmers to quadruple their harvesting efficiency by replacing hand labor with a mechanical device. John Deere invented the steel plow in 1837, keeping the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19661051",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nWashington, DC to get his 1845 patent, he heard about a factory in Brockport, New York, where he contracted to have the machines mass-produced. He also licensed several others across the country to build the reaper, but their quality often proved poor, which hurt the product's reputation. In 1847, after their father's death, Cyrus and his brother Leander (1819–1900) moved to Chicago, where they established a factory to build their machines. At the time, other cities in the midwestern United States, such as Cleveland, Ohio, St. Louis, Missouri, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, were more established and prosperous. Chicago had no paved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7938862",
"chunk_text": "\"Obed Hussey\"\n31, 1833. In the spring of 1834, Mechanics' Magazine gave coverage to Hussey's reaper. That report was seen by Cyrus McCormick, who promptly wrote a letter to the editor claiming that he had invented and field-tested a reaping machine in 1831 and that use of the principles of the machine by others was an infringement of his rights. Thus began a fierce rivalry between Hussey and McCormick that would last more than a quarter of a century. There had been unsuccessful attempts by others to built reaping machines before Hussey and McCormick. These included thirty-three English and twenty-two American inventions,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14883534",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick Farm\"\nCyrus McCormick Farm The Cyrus McCormick Farm and Workshop is on the family farm of inventor Cyrus Hall McCormick known as Walnut Grove. Cyrus Hall McCormick improved and patented the mechanical reaper, which eventually led to the creation of the combine harvester. The farm is near Steele's Tavern and Raphine, close to the northern border of Rockbridge and Augusta counties in the U.S. state of Virginia, and is currently a museum run by the Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station of Virginia Tech. The museum with free admission and covers of the initial farm. The farm originally covered 532 acres with buildings",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11362257",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\nwhich were often littered with rocks, stumps, and areas of uneven soil, making the lifespan and operability of a reaping machine questionable; and some amount of fearful Luddism among farmers that the machine would take away jobs, most especially among hired manual labourers. Another strong competitor in the industry was the Manny Reaper by John Henry Manny and the companies that succeeded him. Even though McCormick has sometimes been simplistically credited as the [sole] \"\"inventor\"\" of the mechanical reaper, a more accurate statement is that he independently reinvented aspects of it, created a crucial original integration of enough aspects to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "16043960",
"chunk_text": "\"Anita McCormick Blaine\"\nWorking upon lessons learned from failed efforts by his father, the Virginia-born Cyrus McCormick had worked to construct a mechanical grain-harvesting device from an early age, fabricating his first crude machine in 1831, when he was just 22 years old. After putting down the project for a time, McCormick returned to refine his mechanical reaper in 1842, beginning to sell the first few commercial machines in that year. McCormick moved his operation to Chicago in 1848 and within five years was well on his way to becoming a prosperous industrialist. By the time of Anita's birth, the family fortune exceeded",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11362255",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\nruling on the invention of the polarizing reaper design. It was determined that the money made from reapers was in large part due to Obed Hussey. S.T. Shugert, the acting commissioner of patents, declared that Hussey's improvements were the foundation of their success. It was ruled that the heirs of Obed Hussey would be monetarily compensated for his hard work and innovation by those who had made money from the reaper. It was also ruled that McCormick's reaper patent would be renewed for another 7 years. Although the McCormick reaper was a revolutionary innovation for the harvesting of crops, it",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11362252",
"chunk_text": "Reaper\nis a common personification of death in many Western traditions and cultures. In this metaphor, death harvests the living, like a farmer harvests the crops. A mechanical reaper or reaping machine is a mechanical, semi-automated device that harvests crops. Mechanical reapers and their descendant machines have been an important part of mechanised agriculture and a main feature of agricultural productivity. The 19th century saw several inventors in the United States claim innovation in mechanical reapers.The various designs competed with each other, and were the subject of several lawsuits. Obed Hussey in Ohio patented a reaper in 1833, the \"\"Hussey Reaper\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "5383158",
"chunk_text": "\"Kildare–McCormick House\"\nDallas Mill. O'Shaugnessey built his mansion in 1886 on 71 acres (29 ha), naming it Kildare, after the county in Ireland where he was born. O'Shaugnessey returned to Nashville in 1900, and sold the house to Mary Virginia McCormick, daughter of Cyrus McCormick, another industrial magnate who invented the mechanical reaper. Virginia McCormick lived in the house as a winter residence with her caretaker Grace Walker. McCormick and Walker were heavily involved in philanthropic efforts in the city. McCormick funded several YMCAs in the mill villages surrounding town, an African-American wing for the then-segregated Huntsville Hospital, and a hospital at",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_id": "16606841",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\ntimes in the farm year. A company advertisement was a take-off of the \"\"Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way\"\" mural by Emanuel Leutze; it added to the title: \"\"with McCormick Reapers in the Van.\"\" In 1851, McCormick traveled to London to display a reaper at the Crystal Palace Exhibition. After his machine successfully harvested a field of green wheat while the Hussey machine failed, he won a gold medal and was admitted to the Legion of Honor. His celebration was short-lived after he learned that he had lost a court challenge to Hussey's patent. Another McCormick Company competitor",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18086272",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nVarious members of the McCormick family continued involvement with the corporation until Brooks McCormick, who died in 2006. Numerous prizes and medals were awarded McCormick for his reaper, which reduced human labor on farms while increasing productivity. Thus, it contributed to the industrialization of agriculture as well as migration of labor to cities in numerous wheat-growing countries (36 by McCormick's death). The French government named McCormick an Officier de la Légion d'honneur in 1851, and he was elected a corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1878 \"\"as having done more for the cause of agriculture than any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
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"chunk_id": "10796390",
"chunk_text": "\"McCormick Observatory\"\nMcCormick Observatory The Leander McCormick Observatory is one of the astronomical observatories operated by the Department of Astronomy of the University of Virginia and is situated just outside Charlottesville, Virginia (US) in Albemarle County on the summit of Mount Jefferson (also known as Observatory Hill). It is named for Leander J. McCormick (1819–1900), who provided the funds for the telescope and observatory. Leander McCormick was the son of Robert McCormick (1780–1846), the inventor of a mechanical reaper, and brother of Cyrus H. McCormick, who patented it and undertook the large scale manufacture and marketing of the invention. The McCormick family's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17101229",
"chunk_text": "\"McCormick family\"\nMcCormick family The McCormick family of Chicago and Virginia is an American family of Scots-Irish descent that attained prominence and fortune starting with the invention of the McCormick Reaper a machine that revolutionized agriculture, helped break the bonds of slavery, and established the modern grain trade by beginning the mechanization of the harvesting of grain. Through the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and later, the International Harvester Company and other investments, the McCormicks became one of the wealthiest families in America. The name became ubiquitous in agriculture starting in the 19th century and the press dubbed the McCormicks the \"\"Reaper Kings\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5264673",
"chunk_text": "\"McCormick family\"\nMary Ann \"\"Polly\"\" Hall (1780–1853). They had five surviving children. The McCormicks are remembered through their philanthropy and projects named in their honor, including: McCormick family The McCormick family of Chicago and Virginia is an American family of Scots-Irish descent that attained prominence and fortune starting with the invention of the McCormick Reaper a machine that revolutionized agriculture, helped break the bonds of slavery, and established the modern grain trade by beginning the mechanization of the harvesting of grain. Through the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and later, the International Harvester Company and other investments, the McCormicks became one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14383387",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick Watts\"\nIron Works on South Mountain near Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. In 1840, with the help of Cyrus McCormick he demonstrated the operation of McCormick’s reaper for the first time in Pennsylvania. On the day appointed for the test, between 500 and 1,000 people showed up at Watts' farm to watch the \"\"new-fangled\"\" machine be put through its paces. When the farmhand sent to collect the cut grain was having difficulty managing his task, a stranger stepped out of the crowd to demonstrate the proper technique; it was none other than Cyrus McCormick himself. His reaper proved to be one of the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2687294",
"chunk_text": "\"Margaret Pittman\"\nis now Bangladesh. After her retirement in 1971, she continued to work for the World Health Organization as a consultant on vaccine standards, working in Cario and Madrid and for the State Institute for Serum and Vaccine in Iran and Connaught Laboratories, Ltd., in Toronto. Margaret Pittman was born on January 20, 1901 in Prairie Grove, Arkansas. A descendant of Cyrus Hall McCormick, inventor of the reaper, she was the daughter of a physician, Dr. James Pittman, and Virginia Alice McCormick Pittman. Young Margaret, with her sister Helen and brother James, would often accompany her father in his practice. In",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7938863",
"chunk_text": "\"Obed Hussey\"\nas well as two French and one German. In the United States, seventeen patents for harvesting machines had been granted before that of Hussey, the earliest in 1803; however, Hussey's was the first \"\"really practical\"\" reaping machine to be patented. As for McCormick, although he built and used a reaper in 1831, he did not patent it until 1834, about six months after Hussey's patent, nor had he sold reapers to others. Instead, after obtaining the patent, McCormick turned his attention to other business matters, selling no reapers until at least 1839. As of 1834, McCormick's reaper was still marginal,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16606840",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nthe time, Manning was evidently not defending his patent. McCormick's brother William (1815–1865) moved to Chicago in 1849, and joined the company to take care of financial affairs. The McCormick reaper sold well, partially as a result of savvy and innovative business practices. Their products came onto the market just as the development of railroads offered wide distribution to distant markets. McCormick developed marketing and sales techniques, developing a wide network of salesmen trained to demonstrate operation of the machines in the field, as well as to get parts quickly and repair machines in the field if necessary during crucial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19661056",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nwas John Henry Manny of Rockford, Illinois. After the Manny Reaper beat the McCormick version at the Paris Exposition of 1855, McCormick filed a lawsuit against Manny for patent infringement. McCormick demanded that Manny stop producing reapers, and pay McCormick $400,000. The trial, originally scheduled for Chicago in September 1855, featured prominent lawyers on both sides. McCormick hired the former US Attorney General Reverdy Johnson and New York patent attorney Edward Nicholl Dickerson. Manny hired George Harding and Edwin M. Stanton. Because the trial was set to take place in Illinois, Harding hired the local Illinois lawyer Abraham Lincoln. However,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17616232",
"chunk_text": "\"Nancy Fowler McCormick\"\nNancy Fowler McCormick Nancy \"\"Nettie\"\" Fowler (1835–1923) was an American philanthropist. She was also a prominent member of the McCormick family She was born in 1835 and was raised by her grandmother in Clayton, New York. She attended Emma Willard School in Troy, New York. She met Cyrus Hall McCormick in 1857 while visiting friends in Chicago. They were married in 1858. While Cyrus was working out a controversy involving his patent of the reaper they lived in Washington, DC. She had a keen business sense and became a great asset to her husband. Nettie became his financial counselor and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11416445",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Bell\"\nUnited States to William Manning for the reaper of essentially the same design. On December 31, 1833, a similar cutter patent was issued to Obed Hussey. A vibrating cutter was patented by Cyrus McCormick on June 21, 1834. McCormick with his brothers mass-produced the machines and developed what became the International Harvester Company. Patrick Bell Rev Patrick Bell (12 May 1799 – 22 April 1869) was a Church of Scotland minister and inventor. Born in the rural parish of Auchterhouse in Angus, Scotland, into a farming family, Bell chose to study divinity at the University of St Andrews. He was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "6457900",
"chunk_text": "\"McCormick Ranch\"\nthe warmer climate. Fowler was not a stranger to money. His maternal grandfather was Nelson D. Rockefeller, while his paternal grandfather was Cyrus McCormick, the inventor of the mechanical reaper, which would form the foundation for the company later known as International Harvester. Fowler would later go on to be President and Chairman of the Board for International Harvester. Anne McCormick was a lover of Arabian horses. In the mid-1950s, she devoted 150 acres of the northern part of her ranch near what is today the intersection of Shea Boulevard and Pima Road as an equestrian center devoted to Arabian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15474491",
"chunk_text": "\"Marsh, Steward & Company\"\nMarsh, Steward & Company Marsh, Steward & Company (Marsh Brothers) (Marsh Harvester) (Marsh Brothers & Steward) began with the invention and patent of a reaper-harvester by brothers Charles Wesley Marsh and W. W. Marsh of De Kalb, Illinois in August 1858. By 1863 the improved machine, known as the Marsh Harvester, was manufactured at Plano, Illinois by C. W. Marsh and George Steward, under the firm name of Steward and Marsh. W.W.Marsh and Lewis Steward joined the company in the 1860s. In October, 1875, the business was sold to Gannon and Deering, of Chicago, Illinois. The Marsh Harvester was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "892000",
"chunk_text": "\"Henry F. Mann\"\n1870s, around 2,000 reaper machines with the name \"\"J.J.Mann and Sons\"\" were being used. Henry F. Mann Henry F. Mann was an inventor and blacksmith. Mann is most famous for inventing a reaping machine in 1848 with his father Jacob J. Mann. Their first reaper patent was applied for on June 19, 1849. In 1861, Henry obtained a patent for improvement in breech loading cannons and subsequently test-fired many rounds for the chief ordnance constructor of the U.S. government. This first reaper-harvester cut the grain with a scalloped edge sickle, and by a double series of toothed bands; one series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18812733",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus McCormick\"\nhelped his cause. McCormick decided to seek help from the US Congress to protect his patent. In 1871, the factory burned down in the Great Chicago Fire, but McCormick heeded his wife's advice to rebuild, and it reopened in 1873 even as McCormick's health declined, so she took a greater role in the family's business as well as philanthropic affairs. In 1879, brother Leander changed the company's name from \"\"Cyrus H. McCormick and Brothers\"\" to \"\"McCormick Harvesting Machine Company\"\". He wanted to acknowledge the contributions of others in the family to the reaper \"\"invention\"\" and company, especially their father. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14723769",
"chunk_text": "\"Henry F. Mann\"\nHenry F. Mann Henry F. Mann was an inventor and blacksmith. Mann is most famous for inventing a reaping machine in 1848 with his father Jacob J. Mann. Their first reaper patent was applied for on June 19, 1849. In 1861, Henry obtained a patent for improvement in breech loading cannons and subsequently test-fired many rounds for the chief ordnance constructor of the U.S. government. This first reaper-harvester cut the grain with a scalloped edge sickle, and by a double series of toothed bands; one series running on a level with the cutting apparatus, and the other series, running up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2872092",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles A. Spring Jr.\"\nafterwards, in 1855, Charles went to work for the inventor Cyrus McCormick, a friend of his father's, in the McCormick Reaper factory in Chicago. Charles' father and siblings moved south to Manteno, Illinois and returned to farming by around 1858, but Charles Jr. stayed on in Chicago. In 1861, his wife Ellen died at the age of 27, leaving Spring alone with a six-year-old daughter. Upon the death of William Sanderson McCormick (the brother of the inventor) in 1865, Spring replaced him as superintendent and general manager of McCormick & Co., and as the manager of Cyrus McCormick's extensive real",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7938879",
"chunk_text": "\"Obed Hussey\"\nof the slot in the guards for the escape of particles of straw or grass that might get in between the blades and guards. This served to prevent choking of the blades in the guards. Hussey saw his 1847 improvements as \"\"perfecting\"\" his reaper. In 1848, Cyrus McCormick also faced the expiration of his original patent and he sought an extension through the patent office. Hussey and others opposed this extension. Hussey took the position that he opposed McCormick's extension as a matter of self-defense, because McCormick had petitioned Congress against Hussey's extension. On March 29 of that year, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_607
|
season 2 this is us number of episodes?
|
n/a
|
[
"15",
"18",
"13"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4898264",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\nWatson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas Jones, Jon Huertas, Alexandra Breckenridge, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Eris Baker, Faithe Herman, and Lonnie Chavis. The second season, consisting of 18 episodes, aired from September 26, 2017, to March 13, 2018, on NBC. \"\"This Is Us\"\" served as the lead-out program for Super Bowl LII in February 2018 with the second season's fourteenth episode. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 18, 2017, NBC renewed the series for a second and third season of 18 episodes each, for a total of 36 additional episodes. Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger served",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5486461",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\ntimeslot, to anchor a new Must See TV lineup, alongside \"\"Will & Grace\"\", \"\"Great News\"\" and \"\"Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders\"\", with NBC chairman Bob Greenblatt explaining, \"\"While this is a bit risky, there is a bigger case to be made about redoing Thursday night. If there is one show we could move, it would be this one.\"\" However, on May 30, 2017, NBC decided to keep the series on Tuesdays at 9pm EST, allowing it a run of 10 uninterrupted original episodes in the fall. The season aired from September 26, 2017, to March 13, 2018,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1252367",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\nDrama Series. On September 27, 2016, NBC picked up the series for a full season of 18 episodes. In January 2017, NBC renewed the series for two additional seasons of 18 episodes each. The second season premiered on September 26, 2017. The third season premiered on September 25, 2018. The series follows the lives of siblings Kevin, Kate, and Randall (known as the \"\"Big Three\"\"), and their parents Jack and Rebecca Pearson. It takes place in the present and uses flashbacks to show the family during various moments in the past. Kevin and Kate are the two surviving members of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18206652",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 3)\"\nChris Sullivan, Jon Huertas, Melanie Liburd, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Eris Baker, Faithe Herman, Lonnie Chavis, and Lyric Ross. The third season premiered on September 25, 2018, and is set to run for 18 episodes on NBC. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 18, 2017, NBC renewed the series for a second and third season of 18 episodes each, for a total of 36 additional episodes. Main cast members Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Jon Huertas and Ron Cephas Jones return from the second season as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5486462",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\non NBC in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. \"\"This Is Us\"\" served as the lead-out program for Super Bowl LII on February 4, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 91% approval rating, with an average rating of 8.09/10, and an average episode score of 92%, based on 21 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"This is Us\"\" continues to tug at heartstrings with an emotional exploration of family that ensures viewers will want to keep the tissues close -- and their loved ones closer.\"\" General references This Is Us (season 2) The second season of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5486457",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\nThis Is Us (season 2) The second season of the American television series \"\"This Is Us\"\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season was produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A second and third season of \"\"This Is Us\"\" were ordered in January 2017, with production for season two beginning that July. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "305447",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\nthe season a score of 76 out of 100 based on 34 reviews, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Season 2 received a 94% approval rating from Rotten Tomatoes based on 17 reviews. \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" gave the first few episodes of \"\"This Is Us\"\" a rating of B, calling it \"\"a refreshing respite from the relational violence and pessimism that marks the other buzz soaps that have bubbled forth from a culture of divisiveness\"\". Moreover, they praised all the actors, specifically Sterling K. Brown, for being able to navigate \"\"his scenes with such intelligence, authenticity, and charisma\"\". Outside of the regular Tuesday",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5486460",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\nteenage Kevin, Mackenzie Hancsicsak as young Kate, Parker Bates as young Kevin, Faithe Herman as Annie Pearson, and Eris Baker as Tess Pearson. Lonnie Chavis began the season continuing as young Randall in a recurring role, but was ultimately promoted to series regular. In August 2017, Sylvester Stallone and Debra Jo Rupp were cast in guest starring roles. The show was awarded over $9.9 million in tax incentives by the California Film Commission for its second season. Production on the season began on July 11, 2017, in Los Angeles. The second season was originally set to move to a Thursday",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18934245",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 1)\"\n20, 2016, and ran until March 14, 2017, over 18 episodes, received generally positive reviews from critics. It was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten television programs of 2016, and received ten nominations for the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series with Brown winning for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, as well as receiving nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama and the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Drama Series. The series was renewed for a second and third season on January 18, 2017.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "305448",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\n9:00pm, the first season's first two episodes and eleventh episode aired on a Tuesday at 10:00pm, while the second season's fourteenth episode, \"\"Super Bowl Sunday\"\", aired on a Sunday at 10:15pm. This Is Us (TV series) This Is Us is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dan Fogelman that premiered on NBC on September 20, 2016. The series follows the lives and families of two parents, and their three children, in several different time frames. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4898265",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 2)\"\nas the season's showrunners. Main cast members Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones returned from the first season as Jack Pearson, Rebecca Pearson, Randall Pearson, Kate Pearson, Kevin Pearson, Beth Pearson, Toby Damon, and William H. Hill, respectively. Jon Huertas and Alexandra Breckenridge, who recurred as Miguel and Sophie, respectively, throughout the first season, were subsequently promoted to the principal cast in the second season. Also promoted to series regulars are young actors Hannah Zeile as teenage Kate, Niles Fitch as teenage Randall, Logan Shroyer as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "305446",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\nshow, serves as a consultant. In May 2017, Hulu acquired the SVOD rights to new and past episodes of the series to air exclusively on Hulu, in addition to NBC.com and the NBC app. The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 89% approval rating for the first season with an average rating of 7.72/10 based on 63 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Featuring full-tilt heartstring-tugging family drama, \"\"This Is Us\"\" will provide a suitable surrogate for those who have felt a void in their lives since \"\"Parenthood\"\" went off the air.\"\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1539289",
"chunk_text": "\"The Office (U.S. season 2)\"\nAward in 2006, honoring the show for excellence in radio and/or television broadcasting. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The Office (U.S. season 2) The second season of the American situation comedy television series, \"\"The Office\"\", premiered in the United States on NBC on September 20, 2005, and ended on May 11, 2006. The season had 22 episodes, including its first 40-minute \"\"super-sized\"\" episode. \"\"The Office\"\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, documenting the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19345032",
"chunk_text": "\"Superstore (season 2)\"\nAmerica Ferrera, Ben Feldman, Lauren Ash, Colton Dunn, Nico Santos, Nichole Bloom and Mark McKinney. NBC.com lists the special \"\"Olympics\"\" episode, aired August 19, 2016, as the first episode of the second season. Thus, the list below begins at Episode 2. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The day after the first season finale had aired, \"\"Superstore\"\" was renewed for a second season on NBC. The second season will contain 13 episodes, but on September 21, 2016, the day before the second season premiere, NBC ordered 9 additional scripts, possibly making the episode-count up to 22 episodes. NBC announced on May 15, 2016, that the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1397732",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenthood (season 2)\"\nParenthood (season 2) The second season of the NBC comedy-drama series \"\"Parenthood\"\" premiered on September 14, 2010 and ended on April 19, 2011, it consisted of 22 episodes. On April 20, 2010 Parenthood was renewed for a second season by NBC. The second season premiered on Tuesday, September 14, 2010. It was announced on November 15, 2010 that Parenthood would be moving to Mondays at 10/9c beginning March 7. However, due to an overhaul of NBC's \"\"\"\" leading to an indefinite hiatus, the network announced on January 18, 2011 that Parenthood would remain in the Tuesday at 10/9c time slot.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15329417",
"chunk_text": "\"The Mentalist (season 2)\"\nThe Mentalist (season 2) The second season of \"\"The Mentalist\"\" premiered on September 24, 2009 and concluded in May 2010. It consists of 23 episodes. CBS moved the show from Tuesdays at 9:00 pm to Thursdays at 10:00 pm. The second season of \"\"The Mentalist\"\" premiered in the United Kingdom on FIVE on Friday February 19, 2010 at 9:00 pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> In the UK, the second season aired on FIVE, on Fridays at 9pm. The series premiered on February 19, 2010, and concluded on July 23, 2010. The season premiered with 3.10 million viewers. The most watched episode of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18206649",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 1)\"\nintimate series of portraits and stitch them together. But at the same time, waves of cloying sentiment threaten to submerge everything.\"\" \"\"This Is Us\"\" was included on multiple Best/Top TV Shows of 2016 lists; these are listed below in order of rank. \"\"This Is Us\"\" premiered on September 20, 2016, in the U.S. on NBC. The series premiered on CTV in Canada on September 21, 2016, on TVNZ 2 in New Zealand on September 27, 2016, and in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 on December 6, 2016. The series premiered in Australia on Channel Ten on February 8, 2017.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18919194",
"chunk_text": "\"The Office (U.S. season 2)\"\nThe Office (U.S. season 2) The second season of the American situation comedy television series, \"\"The Office\"\", premiered in the United States on NBC on September 20, 2005, and ended on May 11, 2006. The season had 22 episodes, including its first 40-minute \"\"super-sized\"\" episode. \"\"The Office\"\" is an American adaptation of the British TV series of the same name, and is presented in a mockumentary format, documenting the daily lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictitious Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. Beginning with \"\"The Dundies\"\", the second season further developed into the plot of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9951727",
"chunk_text": "\"Kevin Can Wait\"\nOctober 17, 2016, CBS ordered a full season of 22 episodes. In November 2016, Bruce Helford exited the series as showrunner after the first thirteen episodes, due to creative differences. \"\"Cheers\"\" alum Rob Long replaced Helford as showrunner. On January 6, 2017, two additional episodes were added, bringing the season to a total of 24 episodes. The series was filmed entirely on Long Island at Gold Coast Studios in Bethpage, New York. The pilot episode was filmed on April 1, 2016. Production on subsequent episodes began taping on August 5, 2016. Season two's original order was for 22 episodes and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1397733",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenthood (season 2)\"\n<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Parenthood (season 2) The second season of the NBC comedy-drama series \"\"Parenthood\"\" premiered on September 14, 2010 and ended on April 19, 2011, it consisted of 22 episodes. On April 20, 2010 Parenthood was renewed for a second season by NBC. The second season premiered on Tuesday, September 14, 2010. It was announced on November 15, 2010 that Parenthood would be moving to Mondays at 10/9c beginning March 7. However, due to an overhaul of NBC's \"\"\"\" leading to an indefinite hiatus, the network announced on January 18, 2011 that Parenthood would remain in the Tuesday at 10/9c time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9951952",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\na triplet pregnancy, born six weeks premature on Jack's 36th birthday in 1980; their brother is stillborn. Believing they were meant to have three children, Jack and Rebecca, who are white, decide to adopt Randall, an African American child born the same day and brought to the same hospital after his biological father abandoned him at a fire station. Jack dies when his children are 17. Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016–2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6070085",
"chunk_text": "\"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\"\nand was added to ABC Family's line up on April 7, 2009. The show was renewed for a 24-episode second season, which began airing on June 22, 2009. Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22, 2009, through September 7, 2009. After a four-month hiatus, the second half of the season returned on January 4, 2010, and concluded on March 22, 2010. Following their record-breaking, mid-season returns, \"\"Make It or Break It\"\", and \"\"Secret Life\"\" were both picked up for an additional season. The third-season premiere of \"\"Secret Life\"\" was aired on June 7, 2010, at 8 pm.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9126143",
"chunk_text": "\"Faking It (season 2)\"\n(MOD) on \"\"Amazon.com\"\" The second part was released on DVD, in the same circunstances as \"\"Part 1\"\", on June 15, 2016. Faking It (season 2) The second season of \"\"Faking It\"\", an American single-camera romantic comedy, premiered on September 23, 2014, and concluded on November 2, 2015, on the MTV network. On June, 2014, the series was renewed for a second season of 10 episodes, which was later extended to 20 episodes. In the aftermath of the first-season finale, the gang has to deal with the consequences of their choices. Karma (Katie Stevens) finds out Amy (Rita Volk) and Liam",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18727429",
"chunk_text": "\"Superstore (season 2)\"\nSuperstore (season 2) The second season of \"\"Superstore\"\", the U.S. television series, was ordered on February 23, 2016. On May 15, 2016, NBC announced that \"\"Superstore\"\" would be moving to Thursdays in the 8:00 p.m. time slot, leading off NBC's Thursday night primetime programming in the 2016–17 season. The season premiered on September 22, 2016 and concluded on May 4, 2017. On September 23, 2016, NBC gave the series a full season order of 21 episodes. \"\"Superstore\"\" follows a group of employees working at Cloud 9, a fictional big-box store in St. Louis, Missouri. The ensemble and supporting cast features",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11172444",
"chunk_text": "\"My Boys\"\nof the show, that is often referenced in conversation on the show. The first season seemed to end with a cliffhanger on December 28, 2006. The episode \"\"The Promise of a New Season\"\" aired July 30 and was originally billed as the beginning of the second season. The season had a mere 9 episodes. Later, the first 13 episodes which aired in 2006 were combined with these 9 episodes and the 22 episodes were together released as Season One on DVD. The show had been picked up for a second season with eight episodes, but ended up having 9 episodes.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1252365",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\nThis Is Us (TV series) This Is Us is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dan Fogelman that premiered on NBC on September 20, 2016. The series follows the lives and families of two parents, and their three children, in several different time frames. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, Ron Cephas Jones, Jon Huertas, Alexandra Breckenridge, Niles Fitch, Logan Shroyer, Hannah Zeile, Mackenzie Hancsicsak, Parker Bates, Lonnie Chavis, Eris Baker, and Faithe Herman. \"\"This Is Us\"\" is filmed in Los Angeles. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18130432",
"chunk_text": "\"BoJack Horseman (season 2)\"\nBoJack Horseman (season 2) The second season of the animated television series \"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" premiered exclusively via Netflix's web streaming service on July 17, 2015. The season consists of 12 episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On Rotten Tomatoes the second season holds an approval rating of 100%, based on 17 critics, with an average rating of 8.9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" truly comes into its own during season two, maturing into an ambitious comedy that sensitively blends wackiness with dark, nuanced drama\"\". On Metacritic, the season has a score of 90 out of 100, based on 7 critics, indicating \"\"universal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1960208",
"chunk_text": "\"How I Met Your Mother (season 2)\"\nHow I Met Your Mother (season 2) The second season of the American television comedy series How I Met Your Mother premiered on September 18, 2006 and concluded on May 14, 2007. It consisted of 22 episodes, each approximately 22 minutes in length. CBS broadcast the first three episodes of the second season on Monday nights at 8:30 pm in the United States, the remaining episodes were broadcast at 8:00pm. The complete second season was released on Region 1 DVD on October 2, 2007. In the United Kingdom it aired on E4 from October 2, 2009 weekdays at 7:30pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude>",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1960209",
"chunk_text": "\"How I Met Your Mother (season 2)\"\nHow I Met Your Mother (season 2) The second season of the American television comedy series How I Met Your Mother premiered on September 18, 2006 and concluded on May 14, 2007. It consisted of 22 episodes, each approximately 22 minutes in length. CBS broadcast the first three episodes of the second season on Monday nights at 8:30 pm in the United States, the remaining episodes were broadcast at 8:00pm. The complete second season was released on Region 1 DVD on October 2, 2007. In the United Kingdom it aired on E4 from October 2, 2009 weekdays at 7:30pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude>",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4228419",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilfred (U.S. season 2)\"\nthinks that she can communicate with Wilfred, but cannot tell Ryan what Wilfred says to him. Amanda is taken to a mental hospital, and Wilfred finds a picture that Ryan drew as child that appears to have Wilfred in the background. Wilfred claims he drew the picture, and Ryan believes him until he sees a photo of himself as a child with the drawing, which has Wilfred in the background. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On August 6, 2011, \"\"Wilfred\"\" was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes. Season two commenced on June 21, 2012 with the season premiere labeled a special preview.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11285169",
"chunk_text": "\"About a Boy (TV series)\"\nfor a second season. Season 2 premiered on October 16, 2014, and contained 20 episodes. The fourteenth episode of season 2 aired on February 17, 2015, before the show went on hiatus to accommodate the return of \"\"The Voice\"\". On May 8, 2015, NBC cancelled \"\"About a Boy\"\" after two seasons. On July 20, 2015, the remaining episodes were released via iTunes, Amazon, and Google Play. Successful songwriter and bachelor Will Freeman lives a carefree life in San Francisco as the \"\"ultimate man-child\"\". His perfect world is turned upside down when single mother Fiona and her 11-year-old son Marcus move",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18934244",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 1)\"\nThis Is Us (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"\"This Is Us\"\" follows the family lives and connections of several people who all share the same birthday and the ways in which they are similar and different. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Fogelman and Don Todd serving as showrunners. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones. The season, which premiered on NBC on September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18934255",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 1)\"\nThis Is Us (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"\"This Is Us\"\" follows the family lives and connections of several people who all share the same birthday and the ways in which they are similar and different. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Fogelman and Don Todd serving as showrunners. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson, Chris Sullivan, and Ron Cephas Jones. The season, which premiered on NBC on September",
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "18206651",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 3)\"\nThis Is Us (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"\"This Is Us\"\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A third season was ordered, alongside a second season, in January 2017, with production for season three beginning in July 2018. The season stars an ensemble cast featuring Milo Ventimiglia, Mandy Moore, Sterling K. Brown, Chrissy Metz, Justin Hartley, Susan Kelechi Watson,",
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"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "467494",
"chunk_text": "\"Unforgettable (season 2)\"\nUnforgettable (season 2) The second season of CBS American television drama series \"\"Unforgettable\"\" premiered on July 28, 2013, and has 13 episodes. The first seven episodes of the season were aired between this date and September 8, 2013. On May 13, 2012, CBS confirmed the cancellation of the series. A group of fans organized to try to save the series from cancellation. Their efforts included teaming up to create a campaign entitled \"\"Save \"\"Unforgettable\"\"\"\" and persuade other networks to pick up the series. TNT and Lifetime soon expressed interest in picking up the show before ultimately passing on the series.",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "14888434",
"chunk_text": "\"The Secret Life of the American Teenager (season 2)\"\nthe series after its January return. Following the success of its first season, ABC Family announced on January 31, 2009, plans to renew \"\"Secret Life\"\", following the cancellation of its hit sci-fi TV show, \"\"Kyle XY\"\". The official press release was released on February 9 with ABC Family ordering 24 episodes for season two. Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22, 2009. Though marketed as the season finale, the mid season finale aired on September 7, 2009, with the second half of the season returning on January 4, 2010. The second 12 episodes finished their run on",
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"page_id": 35
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14570423",
"chunk_text": "\"Braxton Family Values (season 2)\"\non January 26, 2012, including 0.800 thousand viewers in the 18–49 demographic via Nielsen ratings. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Braxton Family Values (season 2) The second season of \"\"Braxton Family Values\"\", an American reality television series, was broadcast on WE tv. The series aired from November 10, 2011 until September 20, 2012, consisting of 26 episodes. \"\"Braxton Family Values\"\" was officially renewed for its second season on March 10, 2011, announced by WE tv. The season's premiere episode \"\"R.E.S.P.E.C.T\"\" attracted over 1.18 million viewers during its initial broadcast on November 10, 2011, including 0.600 thousand viewers in the 18–49 demographic via Nielsen ratings.",
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{
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"chunk_id": "10554479",
"chunk_text": "\"All That\"\n15, 2011, the iTunes Store released \"\"All That: Volume 1\"\" with the first seven episodes from season two. On November 29, 2011, the \"\"iTunes Store\"\" released \"\"All That: Volume 2\"\" with seven more episodes from season two. \"\"All That: Volume 3\"\" was released in 2012 with seven episodes from season two. Just like \"\"The '90s Are All That\"\" airings, the musical guest performances are omitted and the end credits are re-done as generic white text on black. \"\"All That Volume 4\"\", with episodes from the start of season 3, was released on iTunes August 13, 2012; however, episodes 40 and",
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "12652634",
"chunk_text": "NBC\na lead-in and which was subsequently renewed for a second season in February 2016. The 2016–17 season brought more success for NBC with new Comedy-drama \"\"This Is Us\"\" which was well received by critics and ratings and was renewed for two additional seasons in January 2017. \"\"The Blacklist\"\" continued to bring in modest ratings however, it brought the failed launch of its spinoff \"\"\"\". NBC continued to grow the \"\"Chicago\"\" franchise with a third spinoff titled \"\"Chicago Justice\"\". On the comedy side, workplace sitcom \"\"Superstore\"\" continued success in its second season. The network launched new fantasy sitcom \"\"The Good Place\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Mom (TV series)\"\nslot to \"\"Mom\"\" until the season debut of \"\"Mike & Molly\"\" on November 4, 2013. The show received a full first season order for 22 episodes on October 18, 2013. On March 13, 2014, CBS announced the second season renewal of \"\"Mom\"\". The series moved from Mondays at 9:30 PM to Thursdays at 8:30 PM for the first fourteen episodes until the series moved to Thursdays at 9:30 PM following \"\"The Odd Couple\"\" series premiere and the series finale of \"\"Two and a Half Men\"\". By season three, the focus became more about Christy and Bonnie and their group from",
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"chunk_id": "4047862",
"chunk_text": "\"Our School (TV series)\"\nup of 16x30 minute episodes and wan for 15 weeks in 2014 with a special catch up episode airing in September 2015 The series was renewed for a second series and was made up of 15x30 minute episodes and the series aired in early 2017. In August prior to the third series a special episode aired in where 2 students from each school in series one and two met up and went to each other's schools to see what it's like. A third series has been ordered and will begin airing on 5 September 2017 and will again be made",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "7646277",
"chunk_text": "\"Minute to Win It (U.S. game show)\"\nThe second season, which consisted of 41 episodes, began on December 7, 2010, with a Christmas special. Executive producers for the NBC versions included Craig Plestis, Tim Puntillo, Mattias Olsson, Jock Millgårdh and Estelle Bodén. On May 13, 2012, NBC canceled the series, electing not to renew it for a third season. Shortly after the NBC version's cancelation, reruns of \"\"Minute to Win It\"\" began airing on Game Show Network (GSN) July 24, 2012. Citing the NBC version's ratings success in reruns, the network announced plans to produce a revival of the series on February 4, 2013. The GSN version",
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"page_id": 41
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16922723",
"chunk_text": "\"One Day at a Time (season 2)\"\nOne Day at a Time (season 2) The second season of the American comedy-drama web television series \"\"One Day at a Time\"\" premiered on Netflix on January 26, 2018, at 12:00 am PST worldwide. It consists of thirteen episodes, each between 26–35 minutes. The series is a re-imagination of the original CBS sitcom of the same name (1975–1984). It was developed by Gloria Calderon Kellett and Mike Royce, with Norman Lear serving as an executive producer. Pamela Fryman directed the first episode of the season \"\"This Is It\"\". It was filmed in Los Angeles, California at Sony Pictures Studios in",
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"page_id": 42
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18865005",
"chunk_text": "\"BoJack Horseman (season 2)\"\nacclaim\"\". BoJack Horseman (season 2) The second season of the animated television series \"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" premiered exclusively via Netflix's web streaming service on July 17, 2015. The season consists of 12 episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On Rotten Tomatoes the second season holds an approval rating of 100%, based on 17 critics, with an average rating of 8.9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" truly comes into its own during season two, maturing into an ambitious comedy that sensitively blends wackiness with dark, nuanced drama\"\". On Metacritic, the season has a score of 90 out of 100, based on 7 critics, indicating",
"is_relevant": null,
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "305443",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (TV series)\"\nrelocates from Los Angeles to New York City. \"\"This is Us\"\" originally began as an 80 page movie script that Dan Fogelman was developing while working for ABC Studios in the spring of Spring 2015. The story line, which Fogelman admitted to not having a definite direction, revolved around the lives of eight adults who, as it would be revealed, were octuplets. After moving to an eight-figure deal with 20th Television, Fogelman made the decision to develop a TV series from the characters of his original script, cutting a few characters and shortening the script to 45 pages before bringing",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18934259",
"chunk_text": "\"This Is Us (season 3)\"\nProduction on the season officially began on July 10, 2018, in Los Angeles. General references This Is Us (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"\"This Is Us\"\" continues to follow the lives and connections of the Pearson family across several time periods. The season is produced by Rhode Island Ave. Productions, Zaftig Films, and 20th Century Fox Television, with Dan Fogelman, Isaac Aptaker, and Elizabeth Berger serving as showrunners. A third season was ordered, alongside a second season, in January 2017, with production for season three beginning in July 2018. The season stars an ensemble cast",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 45
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19138199",
"chunk_text": "\"The O.C. (season 2)\"\nThe O.C. (season 2) The second season of \"\"The O.C.\"\" commenced airing in the United States on November 5, 2004, concluded on May 19, 2005, and consisted of 24 episodes. It aired Thursdays at 8:00 p.m. ET in the US on FOX, a terrestrial television network. In addition to the regular 24 episodes, two special episodes aired before the season premiere. \"\"The O.C.: Obsess Completely\"\" documented the show's influence on popular culture in its first year. The following week, \"\"Welcome to The O.C.: A Day in the Life,\"\" provided a behind-the-scenes look at the show. Continuing the stories about the",
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17100657",
"chunk_text": "\"The Carmichael Show\"\nfrom \"\"Untitled\"\" to \"\"Go Jerrod, Go\"\". On March 10, 2015 NBC ordered the pilot to series under the final title \"\"The Carmichael Show\"\" with restrictions such as ordering six episodes to air during the summer. On September 14, 2015, the series was renewed by NBC for a second season of 13 episodes, which premiered on Wednesday, March 9 with a sneak preview episode after \"\"The Voice\"\". It then premiered in its regular timeslot Sunday, March 13, 2016 at 9/8c with back-to-back episodes. On December 18, 2014, Loretta Devine was cast as Carmichael's mother, and Amber Stevens West as Carmichael's girlfriend.",
"is_relevant": null,
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{
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"chunk_id": "1841839",
"chunk_text": "\"Hemlock Grove (TV series)\"\nrumors, and the two work together to shed light on the case while also hiding their own dark secrets. On June 19, 2013, Netflix renewed \"\"Hemlock Grove\"\" for a second season of 10 episodes, to air in 2014. On July 18, 2013, Netflix earned the first Primetime Emmy Award nominations for original online only web television for the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2013. Three of its online original series—\"\"Arrested Development\"\", \"\"Hemlock Grove\"\", and \"\"House of Cards\"\"—earned nominations. The second season premiered on July 11, 2014. On September 2, 2014, Netflix renewed it for a third and final 10-episode season.",
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "15376830",
"chunk_text": "\"Faking It (season 2)\"\nmore time with her dad while she's still unsure about her feelings for Karma. On June 9, 2014, the series was picked up for a ten-episode second season, which was later expanded to a twenty episode season. The episodes for 2A were broadcast on the time slot of Tuesdays from 10:30 PM–11:00 PM EST, while the 2B ones were broadcast on the time slot of Mondays from 9:30 PM–10:00 PM EST. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"\"\"\"The Young Folks\"\"\"\" had this to say about season 2A: \"\"Faking It's sophomore season starts off with a bang, an emotional rollercoaster that, while not as big as",
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"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_608
|
when did seattle slew win the triple crown?
|
n/a
|
[
"1977",
"in 1977"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10834272",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nSeattle Slew Seattle Slew (February 15, 1974 – May 7, 2002) was an American Thoroughbred race horse who won the Triple Crown in 1977 — the tenth of thirteen horses to accomplish the feat. He is one of two horses to have won the Triple Crown while having been undefeated in any previous race; the second was Justify, who won the Triple Crown in 2018 and who is descended from Seattle Slew. Honored as the 1977 Horse of the Year, he was also a champion at ages two, three, and four. In the Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902622",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nEclipse Press released another book of the same title, written by Dan Mearns as part of the \"\"Thoroughbred Legends\"\" series. In 2015, the state of Kentucky starting issuing a license plate bearing Seattle Slew's image, based on a photograph by Tony Leonard. Proceeds benefit the Kentucky Equine Education Project Foundation (KEEP). Seattle Slew Seattle Slew (February 15, 1974 – May 7, 2002) was an American Thoroughbred race horse who won the Triple Crown in 1977 — the tenth of thirteen horses to accomplish the feat. He is one of two horses to have won the Triple Crown while having been",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "815089",
"chunk_text": "\"Stuyvesant Handicap\"\nfrom 1937 to 1939 it was a six furlong sprint. It went off at a mile from 1919 to 1924 and from 1964 to 1972. It was not run at all from 1925 to 1936, nor from 1940 to 1962. It took place at Belmont Park in 1990, 1995, and 2001. It has been run at Aqueduct all other years since 1963. The 1978 running was the swan song for Seattle Slew, the 1977 Triple Crown winner. Slew, ridden by Angel Cordero, Jr., winning the race by four lengths. Sportscaster and Aqueduct track announcer Chic Anderson called the race's climax",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902619",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nhis old stall at Three Chimney's was too close to the breeding shed, and he became agitated whenever mares arrived at the farm. On May 7, 2002, 25 years to the day after he won the Kentucky Derby, Seattle Slew died in his sleep at age 28. He was buried whole at Hill 'n' Dale, the highest honor for a winning race horse, with his favorite blanket and a bag of peppermints. Three Chimneys Farm erected a statue of Seattle Slew near the stallion barn in his honor. Since fellow Triple Crown winner and rival Affirmed had died the year",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902620",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nbefore, he had been the sole living Triple Crown winner. At the horse's death, there were no living Triple Crown winners for the first time since Sir Barton won the first Triple Crown in 1919. This phenomenon continued until American Pharoah's Triple Crown in 2015. The Taylors remained close to Seattle Slew throughout his life and were with him at the time of his death. \"\"He had the greatest heart,\"\" said Karen Taylor. \"\"He was a fighter to the end.\"\" John Sikura of Hill 'n' Dale commented, \"\"To be near greatness is what everyone in this business aspires to, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
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"chunk_id": "10834300",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nmove into second place, raising concerns about Slew's ability to complete the distance. Seattle Slew responded to the challenge in the final quarter-mile when he opened up daylight between himself and the rest of the field. Down the stretch, Cruguet tapped him with the whip a few times to keep the colt's mind on the race and Seattle Slew won comfortably by four lengths over Run Dusty Run. He became the tenth American Triple Crown winner and (with his nine-for-nine record) was the first Triple Crown winner to finish the series undefeated. Cruguet stood up in the stirrups and raised",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902616",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nrace, after Ruthless in 1867 and Tanya in 1905. The victory earned jockey John Velazquez and trainer Todd Pletcher their first wins in any Triple Crown race. Seattle Slew sired 1,103 named foals, of which 537 (48.7%) were winners and 111 (10.1%) were stakes winners. Major winners by Seattle Slew include: The primary conduit for the continuation of Seattle Slew's male line has been through A.P. Indy, who was the leading sire in North America of 2003 and 2006. A.P. Indy sired the 2003 Horse of the Year, Mineshaft, Preakness Stakes winner Bernardini and Belmont Stakes winner Rags to Riches.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14601901",
"chunk_text": "\"Edward J. Yowell\"\nthe training track, to Dr. Jim and Sally Hill and their partners, Mickey and Karen Taylor. The raced under the name, Equusequity Stable. The Taylors are best known as the owners of U.S. Triple Crown winner, Seattle Slew. In 1992 the property became part of Allen Paulson's Brookside Farms operations. He sold it in April 2000 to Roy S. Lerman who renamed it Lambholm South. On July 14, 2006, Lerman sold the property to Ohio businessman Larry Roberts who uses it as an American Quarter Horse breeding and training operation. Health problems forced Eddie Yowell to retire in the summer",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902615",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nthat Seattle Slew was the post-time favorite. Source: \"\"Daily Racing Form\"\" Seattle Slew stood at stud at Spendthrift Farm in Lexington for seven years, before moving to Three Chimneys Farm in Midway in 1985. He was the leading sire of 1984, when his son Swale (who died later that year) won the Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes. He is part of a unique three generation sequence of Belmont Stakes Winners: Seattle Slew (who won the race in 1977) sired A.P. Indy (1992) who in turn sired Rags to Riches. Rags to Riches was just the third filly to win the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11824784",
"chunk_text": "\"William H. Turner Jr.\"\nPatti is also a skilled consultant on bloodlines and breeding and, along with Turner, regularly travels to Keenland, Saratoga, Timonium etc. to assess bloodstock and advise clients in their purchases. William H. Turner Jr. William H. \"\"Billy\"\" Turner Jr. (born February 29, 1940) is an American Thoroughbred flat racing trainer who is best known for winning the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing in 1977 with Seattle Slew, and is the world's oldest living Triple Crown-winning trainer. Turner maintains a public training stable and bloodstock consulting services, operating mainly in New York, Florida and the Mid-Atlantic region. In recent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18880799",
"chunk_text": "\"Craig G. Roberts\"\nCraig G. Roberts Craig G. Roberts (December 15, 1930 – May 16, 2009) was an American Thoroughbred horse racing trainer. He began his career in 1965 and became one of the leading trainers in the Pacific Northwest, competing at Longacres Racetrack and Emerald Downs in the state of Washington. He is best known as the trainer of Slew of Damascus for owners, David & Jill Heerensperger. He had the biggest win of his career in 1994 when the son of U.S. Triple Crown champion Seattle Slew won the Grade I Hollywood Gold Cup. In 1975, Roberts was voted the Martin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16149503",
"chunk_text": "\"Bold Reasoning\"\nBold Reasoning Bold Reasoning (April 29, 1968 – April 24, 1975) was an American thoroughbred racehorse. He is best known as being the sire of the 1977 Triple Crown winner, Seattle Slew. Bold Reasoning was foaled in Florida. He was out of the Hail To Reason mare Reason To Earn, by the Santa Anita Derby winner Boldnesian, a son of Bold Ruler. Bold Reasoning recorded his most important successes as a three-year-old in 1971, winning the Jersey Derby and the Withers Stakes. Bold Reasoning set a new track record at Belmont Park for six furlongs a four-year-old in 1972. Upon",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11875952",
"chunk_text": "\"New York Racing Association\"\nrail at Belmont Stakes, 31 ½ lengths from the finish line. \"\"Secretariat was trained by Lucien Laurin.\"\" 1977: “Every time he ran he was an odds-on favorite, and the response to his presence on the racetrack, either for a morning workout or a major race, was electric,” wrote Joe Hirsch of the \"\"Daily Racing Form\"\" of Seattle Slew. “‘Slewmania’ was a virulent and widespread condition.” In winning the Belmont Stakes, Seattle Slew, trained by Billy Turner and ridden by Jean Cruguet, became the 10th winner of the Triple Crown. \"\"Seattle Slew was bred by Ben S. Castleman and owned by",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15619438",
"chunk_text": "\"William H. Turner Jr.\"\nWilliam H. Turner Jr. William H. \"\"Billy\"\" Turner Jr. (born February 29, 1940) is an American Thoroughbred flat racing trainer who is best known for winning the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing in 1977 with Seattle Slew, and is the world's oldest living Triple Crown-winning trainer. Turner maintains a public training stable and bloodstock consulting services, operating mainly in New York, Florida and the Mid-Atlantic region. In recent years he has been based in Belmont Park and Saratoga Racetrack in New York, and Palm Meadows Thoroughbred Training Center in Florida, training horses that compete on the New York",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902614",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nand was never challenged, winning by lengths. He completed the -mile race in 1:47, just off the track and stakes record set by Riva Ridge in 1973. Watching the race were Turner and Cruguet, who both expressed regret that they'd had to part ways with the horse. \"\"Even now,\"\" said Cruguet, \"\"he should be undefeated.\"\" Seattle Slew retired with 14 wins in 17 races and earnings of $1,208,726. He was named Champion Older Horse in 1978 but lost the Horse of the Year balloting to the horse he defeated in the Marlboro Cup, Affirmed. An asterisk before the odds means",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10834273",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nU.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century Seattle Slew was ranked ninth. Joe Hirsch of the \"\"Daily Racing Form\"\" wrote of his three-year-old campaign: \"\"Every time he ran he was an odds-on favorite, and the response to his presence on the racetrack, either for a morning workout or a major race, was electric. 'Slewmania' was a virulent and widespread condition.\"\" Seattle Slew later became an outstanding sire and broodmare sire, leading the North American sire list in 1984 when his son Swale won the Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes. Another son, A.P. Indy, won the Belmont Stakes and continued the sire",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902584",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nget the colt to relax. Seattle Slew's first start as a three-year-old came in an allowance race on March 9, 1977 at Hialeah Park Race Track. Going off at odds of 1-10, he dueled with White Rammer for the early lead while completing the first quarter-mile in a swift 22 seconds. He kept up the pace, completing the half-mile in 44 seconds and six furlongs in 1:08 flat (which would have been a new track record). Eased in the final sixteenth of a mile, he still set a seven-furlong track record of 1:20 in winning by nine lengths. Despite the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902617",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nA.P. Indy's grandsons include Tapit. the leading North American sire in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Slew City Slew was also a good sire, whose sons include California champion Lava Man. In 2006, Lava Man became the first horse to win the Santa Anita Handicap, Hollywood Gold Cup and Pacific Classic Stakes in the same year. In 2014, Seattle Slew's great-great grandson, California Chrome, won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness. California Chrome was the second Kentucky Derby winner in a row who was a sire-line descendant of Seattle Slew, following Orb in 2013. California Chrome's bid for the Triple Crown",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12156516",
"chunk_text": "\"Surfside (horse)\"\nstanding 16.3 hands high bred in Kentucky by her owner, William T. Young's Overbrook Farm. She was sired by Seattle Slew, who won the Triple Crown and was voted American Horse of the Year in 1977. He went on to become a highly successful breeding stallion and was Leading sire in North America in 1984. His other progeny included Swale, A P Indy, Landaluce and Slew o' Gold. Surfside was the first foal of her dam Flanders the American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly of 1994, whose racing career was ended by an injury sustained when winning the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1673313",
"chunk_text": "\"Win City\"\nWin City Win City (foaled 1998 in Ontario) is a retired Canadian Champion Thoroughbred racehorse. The grandson of U.S. Triple Crown champion, Seattle Slew, he was bred for a $5,000 stud fee by the father and son team of Frank Digiulio, Sr. and Jr. who owned his mare, Winsfordan. In 2001, Win City won six important stakes races. He ran second to Dancethruthedawn in the Queen's Plate then the two horses reversed their positions in the second leg of the Canadian Triple Crown, the Prince of Wales Stakes. His 2001 performances earned Win City the Sovereign Award for Champion 3-Year-Old",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16149504",
"chunk_text": "\"Bold Reasoning\"\nretirement, Bold Reasoning only produced three crops of foals at Claiborne Farm before his death on April 24, 1975, due to a breeding shed accident in which he cracked his pelvis. He had to be euthanized after the injury caused severe colic. He sired Seattle Slew in his first crop of foals and the top-rated French two-year-old Super Concorde in his second. Bold Reasoning Bold Reasoning (April 29, 1968 – April 24, 1975) was an American thoroughbred racehorse. He is best known as being the sire of the 1977 Triple Crown winner, Seattle Slew. Bold Reasoning was foaled in Florida.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8271652",
"chunk_text": "\"1977 Belmont Stakes\"\n1977 Belmont Stakes The 1977 Belmont Stakes was the 109th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York held on June 11, 1977. With a field of eight horses, Seattle Slew won by four lengths in front of a crowd of 70,229 spectators. In conjunction with previously winning the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, Seattle Slew became the tenth horse to with the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, and the first to do so unbeaten. The race went off at 5:47 pm ET and was televised on CBS nationwide. Times: mile: :24.6, mile: :48.4, mile: 1:14,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1675874",
"chunk_text": "\"J. O. Tobin\"\nJ. O. Tobin J. O. Tobin (March 28, 1974 – May 22, 1994) was an American-bred thoroughbred racehorse. As a two-year-old, he was sent to Europe, where he won his first three races, including the Richmond Stakes and Champagne Stakes, and was the highest-rated juvenile of the season in Britain. In the following year, he was transferred to the United States, where he recorded his most famous victory as he ended the undefeated streak of the Triple Crown winner Seattle Slew with a win in the Swaps Stakes. In the following year, he won a succession of major stakes races",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2990777",
"chunk_text": "\"Triple Crown Trophy\"\ntrophies in the same year: Secretariat (1973), Seattle Slew (1977), Affirmed (1978), American Pharoah (2015), and Justify (2018). Triple Crown Trophy The Triple Crown Trophy is a silver trophy awarded to the winner of the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing. The Triple Crown trophy has come to represent the pinnacle achievement in horseracing. Commissioned in 1950 by the Thoroughbred Racing Association, artisans at the world-famous Cartier Jewelry Company were charged with creating not just a trophy, but a true work of art. The result was a three-sided vase, each face equally representing the three jewels of the crown,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8719089",
"chunk_text": "\"Los Alamitos Derby\"\nU.S. Triple Crown champion Seattle Slew suffered the first loss of his career when he ran fourth to winner J O Tobin. From the race's inauguration in 1976 as the Swaps Stakes until 1988, the race was run as a Gr.I. Losing its Gr.I status in 1989, it was run as a Gr.II until 1998, regaining its former Gr.I glory in 1999. This was short-lived, however, as it became a Gr.II once again in 2002. In 2017, the race was downgraded once more to Gr.III status. Most wins by trainer: Most wins by jockey: Los Alamitos Derby The Los Alamitos",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1673314",
"chunk_text": "\"Win City\"\nMale Horse and Canadian Horse of the Year honours. Sent to the track in 2002, four-year-old Win City was winless in seven starts. Win City Win City (foaled 1998 in Ontario) is a retired Canadian Champion Thoroughbred racehorse. The grandson of U.S. Triple Crown champion, Seattle Slew, he was bred for a $5,000 stud fee by the father and son team of Frank Digiulio, Sr. and Jr. who owned his mare, Winsfordan. In 2001, Win City won six important stakes races. He ran second to Dancethruthedawn in the Queen's Plate then the two horses reversed their positions in the second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11824780",
"chunk_text": "\"William H. Turner Jr.\"\nthe Thoroughbred racehorse Salerno, who won the Remsen Stakes in 1967. In 1975, Karen and Mickey Taylor gave their $17,500 colt to Billy Turner for training. Turner started the colt, named Seattle Slew, at Mrs. Henry Obre's Andor Farm in Monkton, Maryland. At 2, Seattle Slew moved to the racetrack and, under Turner, went undefeated in his two-year-old racing season and was honored with the 1976 Eclipse Award. The following year, Turner became only the ninth trainer in American racing history to win the Triple Crown when he saddled Seattle Slew to victories in the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15619441",
"chunk_text": "\"William H. Turner Jr.\"\nBelmont Stakes and Slew was voted U.S. Horse of the Year. Seattle Slew was the only undefeated triple crown winner in history until this feat was emulated in 2018 by Justify. After the Triple Crown, a disagreement between Turner, who wanted to give Slew a rest, and the owners, who wanted to run him in the Swaps Stakes in California led to a parting of ways and Seattle Slew was sent to trainer Doug Peterson. Two years after Slew's historic run, Turner trained a chestnut colt, Czaravich, who won or showed in all of his 13 starts. His campaign included",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10834309",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nfor home though, Dr. Patches made his move and slowly drew past. Seattle Slew tried to fight back but lost by a neck in a major upset. Jean Cruguet lost the mount after the race, after expressing doubt if the horse had been sufficiently trained. The 1978 Marlboro Cup, run on September 16, was the first time that two Triple Crown winners raced each other. Affirmed had won the Triple Crown in a thrilling showdown with Alydar, and had won all but one of his starts that year, that loss coming by disqualification. Taylor was not concerned by Affirmed's reputation.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10834264",
"chunk_text": "Affirmed\nhis stride. Affirmed finished first but was disqualified and placed second. The horses never met again, and the final winning tally stood at Affirmed 7, Alydar 3. Affirmed then prepared to meet another major rival: 1977 Triple Crown winner Seattle Slew. The 1978 Marlboro Cup Invitational Handicap marked the first time in racing history that two Triple Crown winners ever met in a race. Seattle Slew was a speed horse and got the first quarter mile in 24 seconds under jockey Angel Cordero, who never allowed Affirmed to get close. Seattle Slew won by three lengths in 1:45 for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6615615",
"chunk_text": "\"Spendthrift Farm\"\nBreeders' Cup Mile and now stands at Spendthrift. In 1966 Majestic Prince was foaled at Spendthrift, bred by Combs. The famous son of Raise A Native later was returned to the farms and died there in 1981. In 1979, the great Triple Crown winner Seattle Slew was retired to stud and stood at Spendthrift until 1987. Spendthrift Farms went public in 1983. In 1984 Queen Elizabeth II visited Spendthrift Farms to view not only Seattle Slew but also Affirmed as possible studs for her stable of Thoroughbreds containing 22 broodmares. In 1988, Spendthrift Farms filed for bankruptcy. The farm was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19699962",
"chunk_text": "\"Tony Vega (jockey)\"\nentered in the 1988 Martha Washington Handicap at Laurel Park after her impressive allowance victory at Aqueduct two weeks prior. Another jockey who rode in The Martha Washington, was Hall of Fame Jockey Jean Cruget, best known for winning the Triple Crown aboard Seattle Slew. Cruget tried to intimidate Vega in the jockey's room before the race, but Vega did not back down and had the last word by winning the race easily, paying $58 to win. Other prominent riders who rode in the race were Hall of Fame jockeys Julie Krone and Kent Desormeaux, Greg MacCaron, Vincent Braciale (rider",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10834304",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nthe year, Turner was fired and replaced by Douglas Peterson. Meanwhile, Seattle Slew was given time off to recover, then resumed training in August for a fall campaign. However, he was sidelined by a suspension to Hill, whose ownership share had been previously undisclosed. Despite the disappointing end to the season, Seattle Slew was the easy winner in the voting for champion three-year-old at the annual Eclipse Awards. The voting for American Horse of the Year honors was closer, with Seattle Slew prevailing over Forego by 105 votes to 84. In early 1978, Seattle Slew was stabled at Hialeah and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4015181",
"chunk_text": "\"1977 Belmont Stakes\"\n1 mile: 1:38.8, 1mile: 2:03.8, Final: 2:29.6 Note: times were kept to the fifth of a second. 1977 Belmont Stakes The 1977 Belmont Stakes was the 109th running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York held on June 11, 1977. With a field of eight horses, Seattle Slew won by four lengths in front of a crowd of 70,229 spectators. In conjunction with previously winning the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, Seattle Slew became the tenth horse to with the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, and the first to do so unbeaten. The race went off",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7093174",
"chunk_text": "\"Belmont Stakes\"\n1977, Seattle Slew became the first horse to win the Triple Crown while undefeated. Affirmed was the last winner of the Triple Crown in the 20th century, taking the Belmont Stakes in 2:26 4/5 on June 10, 1978. Ridden by eighteen-year-old Steve Cauthen, Affirmed defeated rival Alydar with Jorge Velasquez in the saddle. At the time the race was the third-slowest start and the third-fastest finish with the quarter in 25, the half in 50, 3/4 in 1:14, the mile in 1:37 2/5. In 1988, Secretariat's son Risen Star won the Belmont in 2:26 2/5, then the second-fastest time in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902609",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\n1973 Marlboro Cup. \"\"I knew when we were able to go to the lead that we could win it,\"\" Cordero said. \"\"Slew is such a nice horse and I was able to relax him on the backstretch. There isn't a horse in the world that could have beaten him today.\"\" Two weeks later, Seattle Slew was entered in the Woodward Stakes, then held at Belmont Park over the American classic distance of miles. Affirmed skipped the race, making Exceller the main contender in a field of five. Seattle Slew coasted through the first quarter in seconds, then picked up the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9936855",
"chunk_text": "\"Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)\"\nwinner of all three Triple Crown races was Sir Barton in 1919. Some journalists began using the term \"\"Triple Crown\"\" to refer to the three races as early as 1923, but it was not until Gallant Fox won the three events in 1930 that Charles Hatton of the \"\"Daily Racing Form\"\" put the term into common use. In the history of the Triple Crown, 13 horses have won all three races: Sir Barton (1919), Gallant Fox (1930), Omaha (1935), War Admiral (1937), Whirlaway (1941), Count Fleet (1943), Assault (1946), Citation (1948), Secretariat (1973), Seattle Slew (1977), Affirmed (1978), American Pharoah",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902583",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\none mile, then a stakes record. Despite starting just three times, Seattle Slew was named Champion Two-Year-Old of 1976. Turner scheduled three races for Seattle Slew leading up to the Kentucky Derby, which was then considered to be a light campaign. Turner felt that the main threat to Seattle Slew was his health, because the horse ran so fast and hard every time. Hill later said that Turner used the prep races as workouts and did as little as possible in between. Turner scheduled only 19 breezes for Seattle Slew before and during his Triple Crown campaign, instead trying to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19268567",
"chunk_text": "\"Justify (horse)\"\nafter the Belmont. Justify is only the second horse to win the American Triple Crown with an undefeated record, following Seattle Slew. Justify is descended from Seattle Slew, Secretariat, Count Fleet, War Admiral, Omaha, and Gallant Fox, all of whom also won the American Triple Crown. He is also a descendant of English Triple Crown winner Nijinsky. Of the 13 American Triple Crown winners, Justify is the first who did not race as a two-year-old. Justify is a chestnut colt with a large white blaze on his forehead. He was bred in Kentucky by Canadian John D. Gunther, who runs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11138548",
"chunk_text": "\"Three Chimneys Farm\"\nThree Chimneys Farm Three Chimneys Farm is an American Thoroughbred race horse breeding farm in Midway, Kentucky established in 1972 by Mr. & Mrs. Robert N. Clay. Widely known as one of the world's preeminent horse farms, Three Chimneys has been home to a number of famous horses including U.S. Triple Crown champion Seattle Slew, U.S. Filly Triple Crown champion Chris Evert, as well as Silver Charm, Chief's Crown, Genuine Risk, Point Given, Slew o' Gold, Capote, Smarty Jones, and Big Brown. In 2012, the Three Chimneys stallion roster includes Rahy, Point Given, Yes It's True, Flower Alley, Good Reward,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "452086",
"chunk_text": "\"Slew o' Gold\"\nSlew o' Gold Slew o' Gold (April 19, 1980 – October 14, 2007) was an American thoroughbred racehorse who was voted the 1983 Eclipse Award for Outstanding Three-Year-Old Male Horse and the 1984 Eclipse Award for Outstanding Older Male Horse. Bred by Kentucky's renowned Claiborne Farm, he was owned and raced by Equusequity Stable, a partnership of Dr. Jim and Sally Hill and Mickey and Karen Taylor, who owned Oak Crest Farm in Marion County, Florida. Slew o' Gold was a half brother to the stakes winning Coastal. As a 2-year-old, Slew o' Gold ran in only three races, winning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18471342",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Song\"\nSeattle Song died prematurely at age fifteen on February 3, 1996, as the result of paddock accident at Domino Stud in Lexington, Kentucky. Seattle Song Seattle Song (February 19, 1981 – February 3, 1996) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1983 Prix de la Salamandre under American jockey Cash Asmussen and who visited the United States in October 1984, where he won the prestigious Washington, D.C. International Stakes. Bred in Kentucky, Seattle Song was sired by 1977 U.S. Triple Crown winner Seattle Slew. He was out of the mare Incantation, who was sired by Prince Blessed, winner of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902618",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nwas defeated by another great-grandson of Seattle Slew, Tonalist, by Tapit. Tapit also sired the winners of the 2016 and 2017 Belmont Stakes, Creator and Tapwrit respectively. Seattle Slew was also a notable broodmare sire, leading the North American list in both 1995 and 1996. His daughters produced (among others) Cigar, the leading North American money-earner of his day. Seattle Slew underwent spinal fusion surgery at Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital for a neurological condition in 2000, followed by a second surgery in 2002. Upon recovery from the second surgery, he was moved to Hill 'n' Dale Farm to recover:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902604",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Slew\"\nhis right hand triumphantly some 20 yards before the finish line, leading some to criticize him for the \"\"emotional flourish\"\". Cruguet described his feelings as \"\"happiness, just happiness\"\" before hurrying off to ride in the next race. Turner was harder hit. \"\"I ducked into a stall and broke down and cried,\"\" he said. \"\"It was such a relief, because the pressure was off.\"\" After the Triple Crown, Seattle Slew was sent to Hollywood Park Racetrack, which increased the purse for the Swaps Stakes to over $300,000 to lure him to run on July 3. In the Swaps, Seattle Slew was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11138553",
"chunk_text": "\"Three Chimneys Farm\"\nChimneys include: Three Chimneys Farm Three Chimneys Farm is an American Thoroughbred race horse breeding farm in Midway, Kentucky established in 1972 by Mr. & Mrs. Robert N. Clay. Widely known as one of the world's preeminent horse farms, Three Chimneys has been home to a number of famous horses including U.S. Triple Crown champion Seattle Slew, U.S. Filly Triple Crown champion Chris Evert, as well as Silver Charm, Chief's Crown, Genuine Risk, Point Given, Slew o' Gold, Capote, Smarty Jones, and Big Brown. In 2012, the Three Chimneys stallion roster includes Rahy, Point Given, Yes It's True, Flower Alley,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1632376",
"chunk_text": "\"Jean Cruguet\"\njockey standings for 1972, Cruguet and his wife returned to the United States. In 1976, Cruguet rode the two-year-old colt Seattle Slew to victory in the Champagne Stakes. The following year, he and Seattle Slew won the Wood Memorial Stakes and the Flamingo Stakes en route to winning the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes, thereby capturing American racing's Triple Crown. In a move still written about today, with 20 yards to go to the finish line in the Belmont Stakes, Cruguet stood up in the stirrups, raised his right arm over his head, and jubilantly gave the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "452087",
"chunk_text": "\"Slew o' Gold\"\ntwo. In the 1983 American Triple Crown races, Slew o' Gold finished 4th in the Kentucky Derby, did not run in the Preakness Stakes, and finished second in the Belmont Stakes. In the fall of 1983, Slew o' Gold blossomed as a top race horse by defeating top older horses in the Woodward Stakes and the Jockey Club Gold Cup, while finishing a close second in the Marlboro Cup, narrowly missing a sweep of the 1983 Fall Championship Series at Belmont. Racing as a 4-year-old in 1984, Slew o' Gold did not make his first start until July 2 due",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "369240",
"chunk_text": "\"Hoist The Flag\"\nI'd never even heard of it. If he hadn't broke down (early in his three-year-old season but eventually saved for stud duties), Hoist the Flag would have been 1-9 to win the Triple Crown. \"\"Seattle Slew was a top miler, and because he was so much better than everyone else that year he was able to win the Triple Crown, but Hoist the Flag would have beat everyone else going any distance at any time. He was just that much better than everyone else.\"\" Hoist The Flag Hoist The Flag (1968–1980) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse. He was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13137987",
"chunk_text": "\"My Charmer\"\nHowever, My Charmer is most remembered as a broodmare. My Charmer produced eleven foals. Her first was for owner Ben Castleman in 1974 and was her most successful. By Bold Reasoning, Seattle Slew became the 1977 U.S. Triple Crown champion, won four Eclipse Awards, was inducted into the U.S. Racing Hall of Fame, and was the Leading sire in North America in 1984 and the Leading broodmare sire in North America in 1995 and 1996. My Charmer's mating to Northern Dancer produced Lomond in 1980, the 1983 winner of the British Classic, the 2,000 Guineas. From her mating to Northern",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19424719",
"chunk_text": "\"Seattle Song\"\nSeattle Song Seattle Song (February 19, 1981 – February 3, 1996) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1983 Prix de la Salamandre under American jockey Cash Asmussen and who visited the United States in October 1984, where he won the prestigious Washington, D.C. International Stakes. Bred in Kentucky, Seattle Song was sired by 1977 U.S. Triple Crown winner Seattle Slew. He was out of the mare Incantation, who was sired by Prince Blessed, winner of the 1961 Hollywood Gold Cup and American Handicap. He was selected by trainer Francois Boutin for Greek shipping magnate Stavros Niarchos who paid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_609
|
who did michigan state play in the rose bowl?
|
n/a
|
[
"Stanford Cardinal"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11736542",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\n2014 Rose Bowl The 2014 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game that was played on January 1, 2014 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 100th Rose Bowl Game matched Big Ten Conference Champions Michigan State Spartans against Pac-12 Conference Champions Stanford Cardinal (the defending Rose Bowl champions), a rematch of the 1996 Sun Bowl. It was one of the 2013–14 bowl games that concluded the 2013 FBS football season. The first game in the final edition of the Bowl Championship Series, it was sponsored by the Vizio consumer electronics company, and officially titled the Rose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11736565",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\nwin since 1988. Elsworth was named Defensive Player of the Game, and Connor Cook was named Offensive Player of the Game. 2014 Rose Bowl The 2014 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game that was played on January 1, 2014 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 100th Rose Bowl Game matched Big Ten Conference Champions Michigan State Spartans against Pac-12 Conference Champions Stanford Cardinal (the defending Rose Bowl champions), a rematch of the 1996 Sun Bowl. It was one of the 2013–14 bowl games that concluded the 2013 FBS football season. The first game in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11935635",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Bowl Game\"\nsatisfied the 'first time' clause of the current agreement. The 100th Rose Bowl Game featured a traditional pairing of Big Ten champion versus Pac-12 champion, with Michigan State playing against Stanford on January 1, 2014. Michigan State won the game, 24–20. The Bowl Championship Series format ended with the 2014 BCS National Championship Game, played at the Rose Bowl stadium on January 6. The BCS was replaced in 2014 by the College Football Playoff, which selects four teams for two national semifinal games, leading to a championship game. As part of the arrangement, the Rose Bowl game functions as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12099809",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 Rose Bowl\"\n1966 Rose Bowl The 1966 Rose Bowl, played on January 1, 1966, was the 52nd Rose Bowl Game. The UCLA Bruins of the AAWU (Pac-8) upset the undefeated and top-ranked Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference by a score of 14–12. UCLA defensive back Bob Stiles was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. The game was a rematch of the season opener in East Lansing, Michigan, that Michigan State won, 13–3. Unknown UCLA quarterback Gary Beban had a long touchdown pass play nullified by a penalty in that game. As it turned out, UCLA gave MSU",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11736543",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\nBowl Game presented by Vizio. In a game dominated by both teams' rushing offense and strong defense, Michigan State defeated Stanford by a score of 24–20. It was only the Big Ten's second Rose Bowl victory since 2000. The contest was televised on ESPN with a radio broadcast on ESPN Radio and XM Satellite Radio, which began at 1:30 PM (PST) with kickoff at 2:10 PM (PST). The Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association was the organizer of the game. The Rose Bowl Game, themed \"\"Dreams Come True\"\", was a contractual sell-out, with 64,500 tickets allocated to the participating teams and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13885057",
"chunk_text": "\"1988 Rose Bowl\"\n1988 Rose Bowl The 1988 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1988. It was the 74th Rose Bowl Game. The Michigan State Spartans defeated the USC Trojans 20–17 in a bowl rematch that was much closer than the 27-13 Spartan victory in the regular season. Michigan State Linebacker Percy Snow was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. This was the last Rose Bowl game televised by NBC Sports, ending a 37-year partnership. ABC Sports picked up rights to broadcast the game the following year. The teams opened the season against each other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14484224",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Dantonio\"\nMichigan State, ranked #10 at the time of the game, defeated second-ranked Ohio State 34–24 in the Big Ten Championship Game in Indianapolis. The win snapped Ohio State's 24-game winning streak and sent Michigan State to its first Rose Bowl since the 1987–88 season. Michigan State was ranked #4 in the final BCS standings, its highest rank since the BCS's inception. The Spartans defeated the fifth-ranked Stanford Cardinal 24–20 in the 100th Rose Bowl Game on January 1, 2014. Dantonio was named Big Ten Football Coach of the Year. In 2014, the Spartans finished the regular season 10–2, finishing second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11736546",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\nfootball committee of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association on Selection Sunday on December 8, 2013. On December 7, 2013, the Stanford Cardinal defeated Pac-12 South Division Champion Arizona State Sun Devils 38–14 for the Pac-12 Conference Championship, clinching their second straight Rose Bowl berth; The Cardinal won the Rose Bowl Game the previous season. Later that night, the Michigan State Spartans defeated the Ohio State Buckeyes in the 2013 Big Ten Football Championship Game 34–24 to become the Big Ten Conference Champions and were given a berth in the Rose Bowl game, their first since 1988. The teams had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2199281",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State University\"\nknown as Michigan Agricultural College) along with Olivet, Albion and Hillsdale Colleges was a founding member of the nation's oldest athletic conference, the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA). MAC left the conference in 1907. Football has a long tradition at Michigan State. Starting as a club sport in 1884, football gained varsity status in 1896. MSU football teams won the Rose Bowl in 1954, 1956, 1988, and 2014. They won national championships in 1951, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1965 and 1966. The Spartans accounted for four of the top eight selections in the 1967 NFL Draft, the only time a college",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
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"chunk_id": "20882405",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Michigan State Spartans football team\"\n1965 Michigan State Spartans football team The 1965 Michigan State Spartans football team represented the Michigan State University in the 1965 Big Ten Conference football season. The Spartans won the Big Ten Championship and competed in the 1966 Rose Bowl, losing to UCLA. Despite the loss, the Spartans shared the national championship with Alabama. Michigan State was selected national champion by UPI/coaches, Berryman, Billingsley, DeVold, Dunkel, FB News, Helms, Litkenhous, NFF, Poling, Sagarin, and Sagarin (ELO-Chess) and also co-national champion by FW. Both Alabama and Michigan State were Consensus National Champions for the season. Senior Team players drafted into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2926408",
"chunk_text": "\"1956 Rose Bowl\"\n1956 Rose Bowl The 1956 Rose Bowl game, played on January 2, 1956, was the 42nd Rose Bowl game. The Michigan State Spartans defeated the UCLA Bruins, 17–14. Michigan State halfback Walt Kowalczyk was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. The game was played on January 2, because New Year's Day was a Sunday. It featured two of the most racially integrated college football teams of the day with six African American players for the Bruins and seven for the Spartans. This stood in stark contrast to the 1956 Sugar Bowl, where there was controversy over whether Bobby",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16972164",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State Spartans\"\nselected for the College Football Playoff as the No. 3 seed, but lost to Alabama in the Cotton Bowl. He also led the Spartans to a victory in the 2014 Rose Bowl, the 100th edition of the \"\"Grandaddy of them all.\"\" All told, Michigan State has won six national championships and nine Big Ten championships. Today, the football team competes in Spartan Stadium, a renovated 75,005-person football stadium in the center of campus. MSU's traditional archrival is Michigan, against whom they compete for the Paul Bunyan Trophy; MSU has a 23–34–1 record in the annual trophy game. The Spartans have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1466725",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Rose Bowl\"\nRose Bowl, in which the Bruins defeated Michigan State. 1965 Rose Bowl The 1965 Rose Bowl, played on January 1, 1965, was the 51st Rose Bowl Game. The Michigan Wolverines defeated the Oregon State Beavers by a score of 34–7. Michigan fullback Mel Anthony was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. The Wolverines had finished seventh in the Big Ten Conference the previous year, and had placed no higher than a tie for fifth under coach Bump Elliott. Michigan had not been to the Rose Bowl since 1951, but in 1964, they ran up an 8–1 conference record",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20882711",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Michigan State Spartans football team\"\nnamed All-American teams for college football and basketball, and selected a college football national champion. [10] 1965 Michigan State Spartans football team The 1965 Michigan State Spartans football team represented the Michigan State University in the 1965 Big Ten Conference football season. The Spartans won the Big Ten Championship and competed in the 1966 Rose Bowl, losing to UCLA. Despite the loss, the Spartans shared the national championship with Alabama. Michigan State was selected national champion by UPI/coaches, Berryman, Billingsley, DeVold, Dunkel, FB News, Helms, Litkenhous, NFF, Poling, Sagarin, and Sagarin (ELO-Chess) and also co-national champion by FW. Both Alabama",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20806092",
"chunk_text": "\"1954 Rose Bowl\"\n1954 Rose Bowl The 1954 Rose Bowl game, played on January 1, 1954, was the 40th Rose Bowl game. The Michigan State Spartans defeated the UCLA Bruins, 28–20. Michigan State halfback Billy Wells was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. This was the first year that Michigan State University was counted in the Big Ten Conference football standings, having been a member since 1950. The 1954 Rose Bowl had the first color television \"\"colorcast\"\", viewable on 200 sets across the United States. The Michigan State Spartans had joined the Big Ten in 1950, but did not play a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11736547",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\nmet five times before with Michigan State leading the series, 3–2. Before the game, the teams held their pre-game practices at the StubHub Center in Carson, California. As the designated home team for the game, Michigan State wore its green home jerseys while Stanford wore its white away jerseys. This was the 5th time Michigan State had played in the Rose Bowl game, where they are the winningest team from the Big Ten by win percentage, holding a 4–1 record; by contrast, the Big Ten as whole was 1-9 in the last 10 Rose Bowls. November has been good for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11188084",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Rose Bowl\"\n2017 Rose Bowl The 2017 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2017 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 103rd Rose Bowl Game matched the Big Ten Conference champions Penn State Nittany Lions against the USC Trojans of the Pac-12 Conference, a rematch of the 1923 and 2009 Rose Bowls, the former the first appearance for either team in the bowl and the latter the most recent appearance for either team. It was one of the 2016–17 bowl games that concluded the 2016 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Northwestern Mutual financial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8914170",
"chunk_text": "\"1987 Rose Bowl\"\n1987 Rose Bowl The 1987 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1987, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. It was the 73rd Rose Bowl Game. The Arizona State Sun Devils, champions of the Pacific-10 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, 22–15. Arizona State quarterback Jeff Van Raaphorst was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. This was the first appearance for Arizona State in the Rose Bowl. Arizona State quarterback Jeff Van Raaphorst looked uncomfortable in the first two games of the season, wins over Michigan State",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17039827",
"chunk_text": "\"1998 Rose Bowl\"\n1998 Rose Bowl The 1998 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1998, at the Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California. It was the 84th Rose Bowl Game. The game featured Michigan beating Washington State by a score of 21–16. Brian Griese was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. The following season the Rose Bowl would become part of the newly formed Bowl Championship Series (BCS). This was also the final year that the game was not branded with corporate sponsorship. On Tuesday, October 21, 1997 - Tournament of Roses President Gareth A.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "13885058",
"chunk_text": "\"1988 Rose Bowl\"\nin East Lansing, Michigan in a nationally televised game on Labor Day night. Michigan State took advantage of three USC turnovers to defeat the Trojans, 27–13. Michigan State, led by former Pittsburgh Steelers assistant coach George Perles, had its best team in many years, beat traditional Big 10 powers Michigan and Ohio State, and won the Big Ten by 1½ games over Indiana and Iowa, who tied for second place. The Spartans followed up the USC win by a 31–8 loss at Notre Dame, and then a 31–3 home loss to Florida State. The season got back on track with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
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"chunk_id": "11935637",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Bowl Game\"\nin the Rose Bowl. Oregon defeated Florida State, 59–20, ending the Seminoles' 29-game winning streak, which dated back to the end of the 2012 season. As a result, Oregon advanced to the 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 12. The 59 points were a new Rose Bowl Game scoring record for a team. The 2016 Rose Bowl featured Pac-12 champions Stanford against Big Ten West Division champions Iowa. Stanford defeated Iowa 45–16, scoring 35 points in the first half, the most points ever scored in the first half of a Rose Bowl. Big Ten champions Michigan State",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17285799",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State Spartans\"\nadmitted M.S.C. on May 20, 1949. After joining the conference, head football coach Clarence L. \"\"Biggie\"\" Munn led the Spartan football team to the Rose Bowl in the 1953–54 season, beating UCLA 28–20. Successor coach Hugh \"\"Duffy\"\" Daugherty carried the football team to a second Rose Bowl where it again defeated UCLA, 17–14. Michigan State has 23 NCAA Division I-A varsity teams: 11 varsity sports for men and 12 for women. They participate in the Big Ten Conference except fencing, where until 1997, from the University founding, MSU featured fencing as a varsity sport. During that time, MSU was coached",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
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"chunk_id": "18460178",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State University\"\nAbrams Planetarium, the Wharton Center for Performing Arts, the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum, the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, and the country's largest residence hall system. The Michigan State Spartans compete in the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference. Michigan State Spartans football won the Rose Bowl Game in 1954, 1956, 1988 and 2014, and a total of six national championships. Spartans men's basketball won the NCAA National Championship in 1979 and 2000 and has attained the Final Four seven times since the 1998–1999 season. Spartans ice hockey won NCAA national titles in 1966, 1986 and 2007. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15843431",
"chunk_text": "\"2007 Rose Bowl\"\n2007 Rose Bowl The 2007 Rose Bowl Game presented by Citi was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 2007 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. It was the 93rd Rose Bowl Game and part of the 2006–2007 Bowl Championship Series (BCS) at the conclusion of the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season. In the game, the University of Southern California Trojans, champions of the Pacific-10 Conference, defeated the University of Michigan Wolverines, second-place finishers in the Big Ten Conference, 32–18. USC wide receiver Dwayne Jarrett and USC outside linebacker Brian Cushing were named the Rose",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "13885059",
"chunk_text": "\"1988 Rose Bowl\"\na 19–14 win at Iowa. A dramatic 17–11 win over in state rival Michigan occurred on October 10. On October 31, the Spartans defeated Ohio State, making this the first season since the 1966 National Championship when the Spartans defeated both Michigan and Ohio State. The Indiana Hoosiers also had beaten Michigan and Ohio State, and the meeting between Michigan State and Indiana on November 14 determined the Big Ten championship. Michigan State won 27–3 to clinch their first Rose Bowl appearance since the 1965 season. Note that they are the only team in college history to not only beat",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_id": "2926410",
"chunk_text": "\"1956 Rose Bowl\"\nleft Michigan State to be accepted. Ohio State was ranked #4 with a 7–2 record, and Michigan State was ranked #2 with a 9–1 record. The teams did not play each other during the regular season. Michigan State opened with a 20–13 win at Indiana before losing to in-state rival Michigan 14-7, their only loss of the season. They won 38–14 over then-#20 Stanford, and defeated then-#4 Notre Dame 21-7. The Spartans did not play Northwestern, Iowa, or Ohio State. Ohio State's two losses were to Duke 20-14, and Stanford 6-0. UCLA was the defending National Champion and had an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7620165",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Bowl Game\"\ndefeated Iowa 16–13 in the Big Ten championship Game, but lost 38–0 to Alabama in a CFP semifinal on New Year's Eve. There was some controversy over the selection of the Big Ten's Rose Bowl representative, given that both Iowa and Ohio State finished their seasons with only one loss, both losing to Michigan State. In the end, the College Football Playoff Committee ranked Iowa ahead of Ohio State, which led to Iowa's first Rose Bowl berth since 1991. Iowa was ranked fifth in the final College Football Playoff rankings, and Stanford sixth, meaning that the 2016 Rose Bowl featured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18037311",
"chunk_text": "\"2004 Rose Bowl\"\n2004 Rose Bowl The 2004 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game held on January 1, 2004 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. It was the 90th Rose Bowl Game. The USC Trojans, champions of the Pacific-10 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, 28-14. USC quarterback Matt Leinart was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. The events leading up to the 2004 Rose Bowl were the subject of controversy. Although USC was ranked #1 in both the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll, the Trojans finished #3 in the final BCS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "767927",
"chunk_text": "\"1979 Rose Bowl\"\n1979 Rose Bowl The 1979 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played in Pasadena, California, on January 1, 1979. It was the 65th Rose Bowl Game. The USC Trojans, champions of the Pacific-10 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, Charles White and Michigan quarterback Rick Leach were named the Players of the Game. Michigan came into the game ranked fifth in both major polls with a 10–1 record, with their only loss to Michigan State. The Wolverines tied for the Big Ten title with Michigan State, and earned the Rose Bowl berth because",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13885063",
"chunk_text": "\"1988 Rose Bowl\"\nthen scrambled and at the last instant found receiver Andre Rison at the sideline for a first down that kept the drive alive. USC had time to try to come back, and Trojan quarterback Rodney Peete led USC on a drive to the Spartan 29-yard line with two minutes to play. But Peete fumbled the next snap, Michigan State recovered, and the Spartans ran out the clock. 1988 Rose Bowl The 1988 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1988. It was the 74th Rose Bowl Game. The Michigan State Spartans defeated the USC Trojans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "11736564",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\n1, short yardage situation at the Stanford 34 yard line. Kevin Hogan took the snap and handed it to the up-back Ryan Hewitt who was stopped for no gain as Spartan linebackers Kyler Elsworth and Darien Harris jumped over the middle of a mass pile of lineman to make the tackle. Elsworth, a former walk-on, was 2-time team captain Max Bullough's replacement. Stanford turned over the ball on downs for the second time and Michigan State ran out the clock from there, and with the victory secured their first 13 win season in school history and their first Rose Bowl",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2926416",
"chunk_text": "\"1956 Rose Bowl\"\nSooners defeated the #3 Maryland Terrapins 20–6 in a battle of undefeated teams. The Sugar Bowl was the last bowl game to be integrated. The Cotton Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Sugar Bowl were not integrated until 1948, 1955, and 1956 respectively. 1956 Rose Bowl The 1956 Rose Bowl game, played on January 2, 1956, was the 42nd Rose Bowl game. The Michigan State Spartans defeated the UCLA Bruins, 17–14. Michigan State halfback Walt Kowalczyk was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. The game was played on January 2, because New Year's Day was a Sunday. It featured two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18821271",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Rose Bowl\"\n1965 Rose Bowl The 1965 Rose Bowl, played on January 1, 1965, was the 51st Rose Bowl Game. The Michigan Wolverines defeated the Oregon State Beavers by a score of 34–7. Michigan fullback Mel Anthony was named the Rose Bowl Player Of The Game. The Wolverines had finished seventh in the Big Ten Conference the previous year, and had placed no higher than a tie for fifth under coach Bump Elliott. Michigan had not been to the Rose Bowl since 1951, but in 1964, they ran up an 8–1 conference record and clinched a Rose Bowl berth, taking a #4",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "10335005",
"chunk_text": "\"Mark Dantonio\"\nMark Dantonio Mark Justin Dantonio (born March 9, 1956) is an American football coach and former player. He is the current head football coach at Michigan State University and he has held the position since the 2007 season, presiding over one of the most successful eras in the program's history. He's led the Michigan State Spartans to three Big Ten Conference championships, and eight victories over archrival Michigan in twelve years. In 2013, he coached Michigan State to its first 13-win season and the program's fifth trip to the Rose Bowl, where they defeated Stanford and finished the season ranked",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"chunk_id": "9337071",
"chunk_text": "\"1967 Rose Bowl\"\nwas Purdue's first Rose Bowl appearance, and the seventh-ranked Boilermakers were led by All-American quarterback Bob Griese. The team earned their first trip to Pasadena with an record ( in the Big Ten) and finished second in the Big Ten Conference. Purdue's only losses were to #1 Notre Dame and #2 Michigan State (who famously played to a tie on November 19). Conference champion Michigan State was undefeated at in the Big Ten, but the conference's \"\"no-repeat\"\" rule barred the Spartans from returning to Pasadena. The AAWU (unofficially known as the Pac-8) champion Trojans came into the game with a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17053665",
"chunk_text": "\"2004 Rose Bowl\"\nwas immediately reworked and simplified to place greater emphasis on the human polls to avoid a repeat scenario. 2004 Rose Bowl The 2004 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game held on January 1, 2004 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. It was the 90th Rose Bowl Game. The USC Trojans, champions of the Pacific-10 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, 28-14. USC quarterback Matt Leinart was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. The events leading up to the 2004 Rose Bowl were the subject of controversy. Although USC was ranked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "527718",
"chunk_text": "\"2013 Big Ten Football Championship Game\"\n2013 Big Ten Football Championship Game The 2013 Big Ten Football Championship Game was a college football game that was played on December 7, 2013 at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the third annual Big Ten Football Championship Game, and determined the 2013 champion of the Big Ten Conference (B1G). The game featured the Leaders Division champion Ohio State Buckeyes against the Legends Division champion Michigan State Spartans. Michigan State defeated Ohio State 34–24, to win the Big Ten Championship, and represent the conference in the 100th Rose Bowl game on January 1, 2014. The upset loss",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "19290893",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State Spartans\"\nJanuary 26, 2018, when he resigned, along with others at the University, due to fallout from the USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal involving former MSU Medical School faculty member Dr. Larry Nassar. Bill Beekman assumed the position on an interim basis, until July 17, 2018 when he was named to the permanent post. MSU's football team has won or shared six national championships in 1951, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1965 and 1966, and has won the Rose Bowl in 1954, 1956, 1988 and 2014. Its men's basketball team won the NCAA National Championship in 1979 and 2000. The MSU men's ice",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11935633",
"chunk_text": "\"Rose Bowl Game\"\nis also noteworthy. In this game, USC defeated Michigan, 28–14, thus earning the top ranking in the AP Poll and a share of the national championship with BCS champion LSU. USC, despite being No. 1 in the AP poll, did not qualify for the BCS championship game because of their standing in the BCS system. The second BCS-era Rose Bowl arrangement ran from 2004 through 2014. The Big Ten and Pac-12 (the new name of the Pac-10) retained their bids, but a provision was inserted mandating that the first time that either conference could not fill their bid (due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "1244111",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Holiday Bowl\"\n2017 Holiday Bowl The 2017 Holiday Bowl was a postseason college football bowl game, played at SDCCU Stadium in San Diego, California, on December 28, 2017. The 40th edition of the Holiday Bowl featured the Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference versus the Washington State Cougars of the Pac-12 Conference. It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games concluding the 2017 FBS football season. Sponsored by San Diego County Credit Union, the game was officially known as the San Diego County Credit Union Holiday Bowl. This was Michigan State's first appearance in a Holiday Bowl. The Spartans finished",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18837355",
"chunk_text": "\"1993 Rose Bowl\"\n1993 Rose Bowl The 1993 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1993, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. It was the 79th Rose Bowl; the #7 Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten, defeated the ninth-ranked Washington Huskies, champions of the Pac-10, Michigan running back Tyrone Wheatley was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. The game, one of the great contests in Rose Bowl history, was back and forth, with six lead changes. Michigan scored the final two touchdowns to win by seven points, avenging the previous year's loss and foiling",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "11747731",
"chunk_text": "\"2013 Michigan State Spartans football team\"\nseason. Down 10 with 2:16 remaining, Ohio State failed to convert on 4th and 10 after four consecutive Braxton Miller incompletions. Michigan State took over on downs and ran out the clock, with the final score being 34–24. Ohio State's dream of playing for a National Championship came to an end, as did their 24-game winning streak. Michigan State won their first outright Big Ten Championship since 1987 and secured their first Rose Bowl appearance in 26 years. Connor Cook was named MVP, throwing for a then career-high 304 yards, completing 24 of 40 passes and three touchdowns. Jeremy Langford",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_id": "2334089",
"chunk_text": "\"1987 Michigan State Spartans football team\"\nSnow were drafted in later years. 1987 Michigan State Spartans football team The 1987 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State University in the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team went 9–2–1 overall and 7–0–1 in conference play, becoming Big Ten Conference champions. Michigan State beat USC to win the 1988 Rose Bowl, and finished the season ranked #8 in the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll. The first game of the season, also against USC, was the first night game ever at Spartan Stadium. The following players were selected in the 1988 NFL Draft. Team members",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "205707",
"chunk_text": "\"Bowl Championship Series\"\nwith the Tournament of Roses parade. This game was an exhibition game pitting a highly rated team from the west coast against a team from east of the Mississippi River. This was an ideal time for a postseason game, as fans could take off work or school during this holiday period to travel to the game. In the first game, the University of Michigan Wolverines represented the east and easily defeated the west's representative Stanford by a score of 49–0. Due to the lopsided victory the game did not resume until 1916. The game was renamed the Rose Bowl in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 43
},
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"chunk_id": "12099810",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 Rose Bowl\"\none of its toughest games of the season in its home opener, a fact that was forgotten when the 14-point odds came out favoring MSU for the Rose Bowl re-match. The two previous meetings also were won by Michigan State in January 1954 and 1956. Michigan State was undefeated and winner of the AFCA National Championship Trophy given to the team ranked #1 in the nation in early December, after the regular season, but before postseason bowl games. Regular season opponents Michigan (-51), Ohio State (-22), and Notre Dame (-12) each had negative yards rushing. Their key victory was a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13657363",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Michigan State University\"\nexpanded the school from a regionally-respected college to a nationally recognized research university. When the University of Chicago eliminated varsity football and withdrew from the Western Conference (now the Big Ten) in 1946, Hannah lobbied hard to take its place. The Big Ten finally admitted M.S.C. in 1949. After joining the conference, head football coach Clarence L. \"\"Biggie\"\" Munn led the Spartan football team to the Rose Bowl in the 1953–54 season, beating UCLA 28–20. Successor coach Hugh \"\"Duffy\"\" Daugherty lead the football team to a second Rose Bowl where it again defeated UCLA, 17–14. On the school's centennial year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
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"chunk_id": "9963357",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 Rose Bowl\"\n2016 Rose Bowl The 2016 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game that was played on January 1, 2016 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. This 102nd Rose Bowl Game matched the Big Ten Conference West Division champion Iowa Hawkeyes against the Pac-12 Conference champion Stanford Cardinal. It was one of the 2015–16 bowl games that concluded the 2015 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Northwestern Mutual financial services organization, the game is officially known as the Rose Bowl Game presented by Northwestern Mutual. Stanford defeated Iowa 45–16 to win the championship and the Lathrop K. Leishman",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
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"chunk_id": "10491984",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan State University student riots\"\ndeclined to assess blame to the students and police by a 5–4 vote. After a win against rival Ohio State University, over 3,000 students and non-students gathered in Cedar Village Apartments in East Lansing to celebrate MSU football's qualification for the 100th Rose Bowl. Participants chanted \"\"I smell roses\"\" and \"\"go green, go white\"\". Students burned couches, coats, tables, trees, and any furniture that they could find. A car was also flipped. However, the student body created a fund for a new car for the fellow Spartan and raised well above the car's value. Police marched away from the main",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20172574",
"chunk_text": "\"1970 Rose Bowl\"\n1970 Rose Bowl The 1970 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1970. It was the 56th Rose Bowl Game. The USC Trojans, champions of the Pacific-8 Conference, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, champions of the Big Ten Conference, 10–3. USC flanker Bob Chandler was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game. After early season losses to #9 Missouri and unranked Michigan State, the Wolverines won four straight games before their showdown with heavily-favored and top-ranked Ohio State for the Big Ten championship. Michigan shocked the college football world by upsetting the #1 ranked Buckeyes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11736551",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Rose Bowl\"\nhe carried for 189 yards in 33 carries to defeat the Fighting Irish, 27–20. Stanford received the opening kickoff and on the second play from scrimmage, Kevin Hogan went deep and found Michael Rector for 43 yards, putting them immediately in Michigan State territory. Several plays later, Tyler Gaffney scored on a 16-yard run after a missed tackle by MSU safety Isaiah Lewis. Stanford took a 7-0 lead early in the first quarter. The Michigan State offense, led by Connor Cook, would be able to get into Stanford territory on their first 2 drives, but were unable to score on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_610
|
when did teenage mutant ninja turtles come out?
|
n/a
|
[
"1984"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12249693",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nPlatinum Dunes, Nickelodeon Movies, and Paramount Pictures, directed by Jonathan Liebesman, and produced by Michael Bay, was released on August 8, 2014. Eastman and Laird's \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" premiered in May 1984, at a comic book convention held at a local Sheraton Hotel in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. It was published by Mirage Studios in an oversized magazine-style format using black and white artwork on cheap newsprint, limited to a print run of only 3,250 copies. Through a clever media kit that included a press release in The Comics Journal #89 and a full-page ad placed in \"\"Comic Buyer's Guide",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14861016",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows\"\nPloszek, Alan Ritchson, Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard, Tony Shalhoub, Gary Anthony Williams, Sheamus and Brad Garrett. Principal photography on the film began on April 27, 2015, in New York City. It was released on June 3, 2016, in 3D, RealD 3D, 4DX and in IMAX 3D. It received mixed reviews from critics, being considered by many an improvement over its predecessor, but was not as successful, grossing $245 million against a $135 million budget. Two years after their battle with Shredder and Eric Sacks, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, and Michelangelo, still live beneath the sewers of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "383355",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nNickelodeon announced a new 2D animated series based on the franchise, which debuted on September 17, 2018. The Turtles have appeared in six feature films. The first three are live-action features produced in the early 1990s: \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" (1990), \"\"\"\" (1991), and \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III\"\" (1993). The Turtles were played by various actors in costumes featuring animatronic heads, initially produced by Jim Henson's Creature Shop. The fourth film is a CGI-animated film titled simply \"\"TMNT\"\" and released in 2007. A reboot, titled \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" produced by Platinum Dunes, Nickelodeon Movies, and Paramount Pictures, directed",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "383356",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nby Jonathan Liebesman, and produced by Michael Bay, was released on August 8, 2014. A sequel, \"\"\"\" was released on June 3, 2016. Among the first licensed products to feature the TMNT was a tabletop role-playing game titled \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles & Other Strangeness\"\", published by Palladium Books in 1985, and featuring original comics and illustrations by Eastman and Laird. The game features a large list of animals, including elephants and sparrows, that are available as mutant player characters. Several more titles were in this genre, including \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures\"\", \"\"Truckin' Turtles\"\", \"\"Turtles Go Hollywood\"\", \"\"Teenage Mutant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16926195",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series)\"\nby Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies, released on August 8, 2014. The was released on June 3, 2016. The first film, \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\", closely follows the storyline from the Mirage comic books, in addition to some of the more lighthearted elements of the cartoons. The film tells the origin story of Splinter and the Turtles, their initial encounters with April O'Neil (Judith Hoag) and Casey Jones (Elias Koteas), and their first confrontation with The Shredder and his Foot Clan. Directed by Steve Barron and released by New Line Cinema, the film showcases the innovative puppetry techniques of Jim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17908983",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series)\"\nreleased in December 2013 as part of the acquisition of the franchise by Viacom. It was announced on May 27, 2010, that Michael Bay's Platinum Dunes production company had landed the rights to the new film. The film is a co-production between Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies. The first film was directed by Jonathan Liebesman and stars Megan Fox as April O'Neil, Will Arnett, William Fichtner, and features motion capture CGI for the Turtles and Splinter, the film was released on August 8, 2014. The film became a box office success. A sequel, \"\"\"\" was announced for June 3, 2016",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383343",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nhighest point in popularity, it was published in over 250 newspapers. When little-known Playmates Toys was approached about producing a TMNTs action figure line, they were cautious of the risk and requested that a television deal be acquired first. On December 28, 1987, the TMNT's first cartoon series began, starting as a five-part miniseries and becoming a regular Saturday-morning syndicated series on October 1, 1988, with 13 more episodes. The series was produced by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson Film Productions, Inc. (later Fred Wolf Films). Mirage Studios does not own the rights to this cartoon series. The show places a much stronger emphasis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1278381",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nmerchandise. During the peak of the franchise's popularity in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it gained worldwide success and fame. The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles first appeared in an American comic book published by Mirage Studios in 1984 in Dover, New Hampshire. The concept arose from a humorous drawing sketched out by Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming and bad television with Laird. Using money from a tax refund, together with a loan from Eastman’s uncle, the young artists self-published a single-issue comic intended to parody four of the most popular comics of the early 1980s: Marvel Comics’",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5586758",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)\"\nof Johnny Knoxville and Tony Shalhoub. The film was announced shortly before \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" co-creator Peter Laird sold the rights to the characters to Nickelodeon in October 2009. The film was released on August 8, 2014, and received generally negative reviews from critics. However, it was a box office success, earning $493.3 million on a $125 million budget and it became the highest grossing film in the series. A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released on June 3, 2016. April O'Neil, a local reporter for Channel 6 Eyewitness News in New York City, investigates a crime wave by a group",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5586784",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)\"\na distinctive body figure resembling their personalities and physicality. According to effects supervisor Pablo Helman, “Donatello is more like a basketball player, Raph is more like a football player and Mikey is a very short Messi and plays soccer.” The film's score was composed by Brian Tyler. The soundtrack was released by Atlantic Records on August 5, 2014. The release date was moved around several times until it was set for August 8, 2014. The film premiered on July 29, 2014, in Mexico City. Premiere events also occurred in Los Angeles and New York City. On September 12, 2014, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339500",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)\"\nGood for the young at heart, irritating for everyone else.\"\" It is the highest rated of the series. On Metacritic it has a score of 51 based on reviews from 21 critics, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". The film opened in North America on March 30, 1990, coming in at #1 at the box office over the weekend, with more than $25 million. The film turned out to be a huge success at the box office, eventually making over $135 million in North America, and over $66 million outside North America, for a worldwide total of over $200 million, making",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11686386",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (initially known as Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles in some European countries due to controversy at the time, and retroactively also known as TMNT 1987 or just TMNT '87) is an American animated television series produced by the studio Murakami-Wolf-Swenson and the French company IDDH. The pilot was shown during the week of December 28, 1987 in syndication as a five-part miniseries (launching on 84 stations and being played twice a day) and the show began its official run on October 1, 1988. Since then the show and franchise has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16926194",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series)\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a film series based on the comic book characters of the same name created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The first film in the series, titled \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\", was released in 1990 at the height of the franchise's popularity and was a commercial success. The success of the film garnered two direct sequels, respectively released in and 1993, and a CGI animated film in 2007 billed as \"\"TMNT\"\" building on the success of the 2003–09 TV series. The series was rebooted in a new film made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "960246",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series)\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012 TV series) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (also known as Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles for its fifth season) is an American 3D rendered computer animated television series based on the fictional superhero team. It aired on Nickelodeon in the United States from September 29, 2012 to November 12, 2017. It was produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio. Composer Sebastian Evans II provided the show's score. The series was succeeded by \"\"Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" in September 2018. Ninjutsu master Hamato Yoshi (Splinter) is carrying his four pet turtles through the streets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4153077",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (often shortened to TMNT or Ninja Turtles) are four fictional teenaged anthropomorphic turtles named after Italian artists of the Renaissance. They were trained by their anthropomorphic rat \"\"sensei\"\" in the art of \"\"ninjutsu\"\". From their home in the sewers of New York City, they battle petty criminals, evil overlords, mutated creatures, and alien invaders while attempting to remain hidden from society. They were created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The characters originated in comic books published by Mirage Studios and expanded into cartoon series, films, video games, toys, and other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5604059",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nRise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an American 2D-animated television series based on the fictional superhero team the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The series debuted on September 17, 2018 after a sneak preview aired on July 20. The first 5 episodes of the series were released online the same day. The series was announced by Nickelodeon in a press release on March 2, 2017 and is initially scheduled to run for at least 26 episodes. This re-imagined series will have the Turtles go on new adventures as they seek to unlock",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9427354",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nlinens, towels, cameras, and toy shaving kits. While the animated TV series, which lasted for 10 seasons until 1996, was more light-hearted, the comic-book series continued in a much darker and grittier tone. In 1990, a live-action feature film was released, with the Turtles and Splinter being portrayed by actors in partially animatronic suits created by Jim Henson's Creature Shop. The film became one of the most successful independent films and spawned two sequels, as well as inspiring a three-dimensional animated film set in the same continuity, which was released in 2007 under the title \"\"TMNT\"\". After the end of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339504",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)\"\n\"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\", was released in 2014, and a sequel titled \"\"\"\" was released in theaters on June 3, 2016. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a 1990 American martial arts superhero comedy film directed by Steve Barron. Based on the fictional superhero team of the same name, the story follows Splinter and the turtles, their meeting April O'Neil and Casey Jones, and their confrontation with Shredder and his Foot Clan. It stars Judith Hoag, Elias Koteas, and the voices of Brian Tochi, Robbie Rist, Corey Feldman, and Josh Pais. The film is an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12338667",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a 1990 American martial arts superhero comedy film directed by Steve Barron. Based on the fictional superhero team of the same name, the story follows Splinter and the turtles, their meeting April O'Neil and Casey Jones, and their confrontation with Shredder and his Foot Clan. It stars Judith Hoag, Elias Koteas, and the voices of Brian Tochi, Robbie Rist, Corey Feldman, and Josh Pais. The film is an adaptation of the early \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" comics, with several elements taken from the animated TV series airing at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383349",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nabout the environment or other issues. After 1994, the show was reduced to just a half-hour and only eight episodes per season were produced, grouped into a \"\"CBS Action Zone\"\" block that also featured \"\"WildC.A.T.s.\"\" and \"\"Skeleton Warriors\"\", both of which were canceled after one season; though TMNTs retained their \"\"Action Zone\"\" introduction. The two shows in the block were also produced by Fred Wolf Films. The series ran until November 2, 1996, when it aired its final episode. Its enormous popularity gave rise to its numerous imitators, including the \"\"Battletoads\"\", \"\"Cheetahmen\"\", \"\"Wild West C.O.W.-Boys of Moo Mesa\"\", \"\"Road Rovers\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "2800068",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nending in February 2009. On October 21, 2009, it was announced that cable channel Nickelodeon (a subsidiary of Viacom) had purchased all of Mirage's rights to the \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" property. Mirage retains the rights to publish 18 issues a year, though the future involvement of Mirage with the Turtles and the future of Mirage Studios itself is unknown. Nickelodeon has developed a new CGI-animated TMNT television series and partnered with fellow Viacom company Paramount Pictures to bring a new TMNT movie to theaters. The TV show premiered on Nickelodeon on September 29, 2012. The live-action film, produced by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5663124",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze\"\nfilm, as part of an attempt to tone down the violence of the previous installment. The film was released on March 22, 1991, and received mixed reviews from critics who felt it departed from the much darker tone of the original 1990 film, and was more light-hearted. The film was financially successful, and became the 13th highest-grossing film domestically in the year of its release. The film is a tribute to Muppets creator Jim Henson, who died less than a year before this film's release. Henson's Creature Shop created the animatronic creature costumes for the film, like the first film.",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14861032",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows\"\nin Midtown Manhattan and moved out to Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. Filming in Buffalo began on May 4, 2015, along the Kensington Expressway and ended May 17, 2015. Filming wrapped up in August 2015. Additional filming occurred in New York City on January 30, and ended on February 1. Farelly and Williams recorded additional dialogue for the film in February 2016. The film premiered in New York City on May 22, 2016, and was released in the United Kingdom on May 30, 2016, and the United States on June 3, 2016. Concept art of Bebop and Rocksteady was shown at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12338668",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)\"\ntime. The turtle costumes were developed by Jim Henson's Creature Shop, one of Henson's last projects before his death shortly after the premiere. \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" became the highest-grossing independent film at the time, the ninth-highest-grossing film worldwide of 1990, and the highest-grossing film in the series until the 2014 reboot. It was followed by two sequels, \"\"\"\" in 1991 and \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III\"\" in 1993. As a crime wave rises in New York City, reporter April O'Neil covers the mysterious ninja Foot Clan. The Shredder, the Foot leader, orders April silenced. She is attacked by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16173993",
"chunk_text": "\"TMNT (film)\"\n14 years. It is loosely connected to the original 1990-1993 trilogy. The film sees the four Turtles (Raphael, Leonardo, Donatello, and Michelangelo) grow apart after their final defeat of their archenemy the Shredder, when strange things are happening in New York City as ancient creatures threaten the world and the Turtles must reunite to save it. The film was released theatrically by Warner Bros. Pictures (making it the only film in the \"\"TMNT\"\" franchise to be distributed by that company) on March 23, 2007 to mixed reviews from critics yet was a commercial success, grossing $95 million worldwide against a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5586789",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)\"\nAustralia, a poster was released which featured the four turtles jumping from an exploding skyscraper as promotion for its September 11 release. The poster offended many people since the World Trade Center was destroyed back in 2001 during the September 11 attacks. Paramount apologized and removed the poster. \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" was released on Digital HD on November 25, 2014, and was released on DVD and 2D and 3D Blu-ray on December 16, 2014. The film topped the home video sales charts in its first week and achieved the highest ratio of disc sales to theatrical tickets sales its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383346",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nAmerican character in a children's cartoon or that for Shredder to boss around a black Stockman would be perceived as racist. Either way, Stockman was rewritten as a shy and meek lackey to Shredder, later mutating into an anthropomorphic housefly. During the final two seasons of the show, to combat the rising popularity of \"\"Mighty Morphin Power Rangers\"\", the lead villain switched to Lord Dregg, an evil alien overlord bent on world conquest by trying to distract the public into believing that the Turtles were the enemy instead of himself. Starting on September 25, 1989, the series was expanded to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9427350",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\n\"\"Daredevil\"\" and \"\"New Mutants\"\", Dave Sim’s \"\"Cerebus\"\", and Frank Miller’s \"\"Ronin\"\". The \"\"TMNT\"\" comic book series has been published in various incarnations by various comic book companies since 1984. The Turtles started their rise to mainstream success when a licensing agent, Mark Freedman, sought out Eastman and Laird to propose wider merchandising opportunities for the franchise. In 1986, Dark Horse Miniatures produced a set of 15-mm (approximately 0.6 inch) lead figurines. In January 1987, Eastman and Laird visited the offices of Playmates Toys, a small California toy company that wanted to expand into the action-figure market. Development was undertaken by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383340",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nthe next few years. The latest issue of TMNT volume 4 was issue #32 which came out in print May 4, 2014, and online on May 9, 2014, almost 4 years after issue #31 was last released. \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures\"\" was a comic-book series published from August 1988 to October 1995 by Archie Comics. The initial storylines were close adaptations of the 1987 TV series, but with the fifth issue, Eastman and Laird decided to hand the series over to Mirage Studios employees Ryan Brown and Stephen Murphy, who immediately abandoned the animated series adaptations and took the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17908981",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series)\"\nfeudal Japan, where they become embroiled in a conflict between a daimyō and a group of rebellious villagers. A 2007 feature film, titled simply \"\"TMNT\"\" and written and directed by Kevin Munroe, was released March 23, 2007. Unlike the previous films, it used 100% computer-generated imagery, produced by Imagi Animation Studios and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and The Weinstein Company. It was the final Ninja Turtle movie to be distributed by Time Warner due to the franchise being purchased by Viacom. This film opens with the Turtles scattered as Leonardo is training in Central America, Donatello and Michelangelo have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6239491",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nevent for the 2017 video game \"\"Splatoon 2\"\", in which Inklings can participate in a Splatfest tournament, battling over which of the four brothers is the best. Donatello won overall, beating Mikey in the first round, and Raphael (who had in turn beat Leonardo) in the finals. Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an American 2D-animated television series based on the fictional superhero team the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The series debuted on September 17, 2018 after a sneak preview aired on July 20. The first 5 episodes of the series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383342",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nthey had acquired the license to publish new collections of Mirage storylines and a new ongoing series. The first issue of the new series was released on August 24, 2011. Turtles co-creator Kevin Eastman and Tom Waltz write, with Eastman and Dan Duncan handling art chores. The Turtles have appeared in several \"\"manga\"\" series. A daily comic strip written and illustrated by Dan Berger began in 1990. It featured an adventure story Monday through Friday and activity puzzles on weekends (with fan art appearing later). The comic strip was published in syndication until its cancellation in December 1996. At its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3585652",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles action figures\"\nwriting and conceptualization of this creative team. As the series developed, veteran writer Jack Mendelsohn came on board as both a story editor and scriptwriter. David Wise, Michael Charles Hill and Michael Reaves wrote most of the scripts, taking input via Mendelsohn and collaborating writer Schulte and marketing maven Aaronian. In signing with Murakami-Wolf-Swenson Productions, Eastman and Laird saw the production of the first TMNT cartoon in December 1987. Playmates held up their end of the deal and produced the first series of TMNT action figures in the summer of 1988. The premiere series included the four Turtles, Splinter, April,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "12339501",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)\"\nit the ninth highest-grossing film of 1990 worldwide. The film was also nominated for awards by The Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. In 1990, the film was released to VHS and reached No. 4 in the home video market. The film was released to DVD in Region 1 on September 3, 2002; it includes only minor special features, such as a trailer and interactive menus. The film was also released in the MiniDVD format. On August 11, 2009, the film was included in a special 25th anniversary box set (25th anniversary of the original comic book, not",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
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"chunk_id": "12451159",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mirage Studios)\"\npage advertisement in CBG helped gain the attention of retailers and jump-started their early sales. Because of the CBG's newspaper format, many were disposed of, making it a highly sought-after collector's item today. The book premiered in May 1984 at a comic book convention in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. It was printed in an oversized, magazine-style format using black and white artwork on cheap newsprint and had a print run of only 3,275 copies. It was a period of intense speculation in comic book investment, with especially strong interest in black and white comics from independent companies. The first printings of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5586790",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)\"\nfirst week in stores. It retained the top spot on the home video sales chart in its second weekend. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles was released on 4K UHD Blu-Ray on July 17, 2018. \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" grossed $191.2 million in North America and $302.1 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $493.3 million, against a budget of $125 million. \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" estimated that it was the 15th most profitable film of 2014. On its opening day, the film grossed $25.6 million, including $4.6 million from Thursday night showings. In its first weekend, \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" opened",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "15378297",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mirage Studios)\"\nTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mirage Studios) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is an American comic book series published by Mirage Studios, featuring the characters of the same name, with a 30-year run from 1984 to 2014. Conceived by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird, it was initially intended as a one-shot, but due to its popularity it became an ongoing series. The comic inspired a franchise of four television series, six feature films, numerous video games, and a wide range of toys and merchandise. Over the years, the Turtles have appeared in numerous cross-overs with other independent comics characters such as Dave",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1280802",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nwith the first few episodes of Season 1. This release features the original, unedited episodes under the \"\"Ninja Turtles\"\" title, and also marks the first time the show has been released and left uncensored in the UK. Due to various movie and television deals, the various TMNT films and television series have split between various companies, with Mirage Studios having retained copyright and trademark until October 19, 2009, at which point the rights for the entire TMNT franchise were sold by co-creator Peter Laird to Nickelodeon. The original animated series (1987–1996) was produced by Fred Wolf Films Dublin (as \"\"Murakami",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
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"chunk_id": "383358",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nlicense given the franchise's recent moves closer to its roots. The franchise generated merchandise sales of in 1988 and in 1989. By 1994, it was the most merchandisable franchise, having generated a total revenue of in merchandise sales up until then. During the run of the 1987 TV series, Playmates Toys produced hundreds of TMNT action figures, along with vehicles, playsets, and accessories, becoming one of the top collectibles for children. Staff artists at Northampton, Massachusetts-based Mirage Studios provided conceptual designs for many of the figures, vehicles, and playsets and creator credit can be found in the legal text printed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "383348",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\n\"\"far-out\"\", \"\"tubuloso\"\", \"\"bodacious\"\", and possibly the most recognized, \"\"cowabunga\"\". On April 21, 1990, a drug-prevention television special was broadcast on ABC, NBC, and CBS named \"\"Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue\"\" that featured some of the most popular cartoons at the time; representing TMNT was Michelangelo, voiced by Townsend Coleman. Starting on September 8, 1990 (with a different opening sequence), the show began its run on CBS. The CBS weekend edition ran for a full hour until 1994, initially airing a few Saturday-exclusive episodes back-to-back. Also, a brief \"\"Turtle Tips\"\" segment aired between the two episodes, which served as public-service announcement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10733722",
"chunk_text": "\"TMNT (video game)\"\nTMNT (video game) TMNT is a single-player action-adventure multi-platform action game starring the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. It is based on the 2007 film of the same name, and was released three days before the actual movie's release for the Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Nintendo DS, and PlayStation Portable, as well as for the PC on March 20, 2007. The gameplay in \"\"TMNT\"\" contains many acrobatic segments in the vein of another Ubisoft game series, \"\"Prince of Persia\"\". The game features 16 story levels and 16 unlockable challenge levels. The game also features four playable characters, each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "383350",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\n\"\"Street Sharks\"\", \"\"Extreme Dinosaurs\"\", and \"\"Biker Mice from Mars\"\". Currently, all 193 episodes are available on DVD and VHS. In addition to the American series, a Japan-exclusive two-episode anime original video animation (OVA) series was made in 1996, titled \"\"Mutant Turtles: Choujin Densetsu-hen\"\". The OVA is similar in tone to the 1987 TV series and uses the same voices from TV Tokyo's Japanese dub of the 1987 TV series. The first episode was made to advertise the \"\"TMNT Supermutants\"\" toys. It featured the Turtles as superheroes, that gained costumes and superpowers with the use of Mutastones, while Shredder, Bebop and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1280787",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\n\"\". In 2006, Ubisoft acquired the rights for TMNT games, beginning with a game based on the 2007 animated feature film, along with a distinct game for the Game Boy Advance similar in style to the Konami arcade games. A beat 'em up game \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Arcade Attack\"\" was released for the Nintendo DS in 2009, to coincide with the series' 25th anniversary. In 2013, Activision released the downloadable game \"\"\"\", based on the 2012 TV series and developed by Red Fly Studio for the Xbox Live Arcade, PlayStation Network and Steam. On January 25, 2016, Activision and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9427359",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nof continuity in the TMNT universe. This put the original series and \"\"Tales\"\" in the same mainstream continuity, and the two are thus canon to each other. The title's first volume was from 1987–1989, released in alternating months with the regular Eastman and Laird book. All seven issues of volume one have been collected in trade paperback form twice, and 25 issues of volume two have been collected in trades of five issues each. As the TMNT phenomenon proliferated to other media, Eastman and Laird found themselves administrating an international merchandising juggernaut. However, this prevented the two creators from participating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13558434",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)\"\nthe show's run. The show was in Saturday morning syndication from October 1, 1988 to September 9, 1989, and became an instant hit. The show was expanded to five days a week and aired weekday afternoons in syndication in most markets from September 25, 1989 to September 17, 1993. Starting on September 8, 1990 (with a different opening sequence), the show began its secondary run on CBS's Saturday morning lineup, beginning as a 60-minute block from 1990 to 1993, initially airing a couple of Saturday exclusive episodes back to back. There would also be a brief \"\"Turtle Tips\"\" segment in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2372169",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Danger of the Ooze\"\npublished by Activision, were pulled from all digital storefronts in January 2017 when the rights expired and they chose not to renew the license. The Nintendo 3DS version was later bundled on a single cartridge with \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" and was released as \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Master Splinter's Training Pack\"\" on November 3, 2015, by Abstraction Games. The game was announced by Activision on September 4, 2014. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on October 28, 2014, while the Nintendo 3DS version was later released on November 11, 2014, in order to better adapt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12441008",
"chunk_text": "\"Table of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles character appearances\"\nTable of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles character appearances This table lists characters and their appearances in eight of the major continuities of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) franchise, as well as appearances in various video games, magazines, or as action figures. The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles originated in an American comic book published by Mirage Studios in 1984. The concept arose from a humorous drawing sketched out by Kevin Eastman during a casual evening of brainstorming with his friend Peter Laird. Using money from a tax refund together with a loan from Eastman's uncle, the young artists self-published a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1280805",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\nin the United States, with 20th Century Fox distributing the second and third films in most other territories. The first two films were copyrighted by the UK-based Northshore Investments. The third film was copyrighted by Clearwater Holdings. The fourth film was produced by Imagi Animation Studios, and released by Warner Bros. Entertainment in association with the Weinstein Company. Michael Bay produced a feature film directed by Jonathan Liebesman simply titled \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\", and was released on August 8, 2014. A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released on June 3, 2016, with Megan Fox and Will Arnett reprising their roles and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16173992",
"chunk_text": "\"TMNT (film)\"\nTMNT (film) TMNT (also known as Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) is a 2007 American computer-animated martial arts superhero comedy film written and directed by Kevin Munroe. Based on the \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" comic book series, the film stars the voices of James Arnold Taylor, Nolan North, Mitchell Whitfield, Mikey Kelley, Chris Evans, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Mako, Kevin Smith, Patrick Stewart and Zhang Ziyi and is narrated by Laurence Fishburne. It is the first \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\" film made with computer-generated imagery (CGI) created by Imagi Animation Studios as well as the first feature film in the franchise in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10315237",
"chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures\"\nComplete Adventure!\"\". The second book is \"\"Return of the Shredder\"\", and the final book, \"\"Intergalactic Wrestling and Other Adventures\"\", includes the stories \"\"Of Turtles and Stones and Mary Bones\"\", \"\"Intergalactic Wrestling\"\" and \"\"Wild Things\"\". Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures is a comic book series published from August 1988 to October 1995 by Archie Comics. It is mainly based on the stories of the mutant turtles Donatello, Leonardo, Michaelangelo, Raphael, and their rat sensei Splinter. It is set in a separate reality from other TMNT stories. The initial storylines were close adaptations of the TMNT 1987",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_611
|
when does the team find out prentiss is alive?
|
n/a
|
[
"In the season seven premiere",
"the season seven premiere"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965893",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nwith \"\"passports from three different countries, and a bank account in each one to keep [her] comfortable\"\". In the season seven premiere, Morgan captures Doyle and Emily returns to the BAU to assist the team in finding who kidnapped Doyle's son. The team comes under fire from the judiciary panel for their retaliatory actions to avenge Prentiss's death, but everyone stands their ground to protect the team. Section Chief Erin Strauss later reveals to them that the committee was persuaded by Prentiss' defense and eventually decided to lift the BAU's suspensions although they will still be \"\"keeping a close eye\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965892",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nalive, and that she staged photos of executing the boy in order to get Doyle to break under interrogation in North Korea. After an intense fight, Doyle manages to stab Prentiss in the abdomen with a broken table leg. Even though she is dying, she refuses to tell him where his son is hiding, and Doyle escapes shortly before Morgan reaches her. In the hospital, the BAU team is notified that Prentiss has died. They are seen attending her funeral. The last scene, however, reveals she is alive and in Paris, where JJ meets her and gives her an envelope",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965883",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nthe only two female agents in the BAU in the field for several seasons. When Prentiss has to fake her death for the team's safety, JJ is the only one (aside from Hotchner) who knows the truth. JJ also flies to Paris and is involved in getting fake passports and setting up bank accounts for Prentiss to stay incognito. JJ expresses the most happiness when Prentiss came back from the dead and tells Prentiss how much she has missed her while she was gone. Prentiss later mentions to Hotchner that while she was away from the BAU and work, she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20269095",
"chunk_text": "\"David Rossi\"\nin the face by an unsub pretending to be a victim of human trafficking; however, Morgan's quick reaction saves his life. Later he meets JJ in his office after solving the case. She meets him to let him know that she is returning to the team. In season seven, Rossi is just as surprised as the others to learn that Prentiss is alive. However, in \"\"Proof\"\", he mentions to Hotch that he had an inkling that Prentiss wasn't dead. As he has no children from his previous marriage, Rossi has adopted the BAU team as his own family and invites",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965891",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nKorean prison. Prentiss tracks down Doyle in Boston and tries to kill him, but he takes her hostage. Later, Rossi realized that she left their team meeting suddenly in order to protect them from Doyle as it was Prentiss that Doyle was after. Hotch says they will treat Doyle as an unsub and Prentiss as his victim, and profile them just as they would in any other case. They eventually track them down to an abandoned building in Boston and arrive with a SWAT team. Prentiss reveals to Doyle that his son, whom Doyle believed had been killed, is actually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5375746",
"chunk_text": "\"Aaron Hotchner\"\nAgent Spencer Reid so that people will respect him despite his youth. He has mostly taken over the fatherly role with Spencer after Gideon's departure. In the season seven premiere, it was revealed that Hotch was assigned to temporary duty with an investigative task force in Pakistan during the period between seasons. Once Hotch gets back, he tells JJ it's time for the team to learn that Prentiss is alive. Although JJ isn't sure it's a good idea, Hotch tells her Prentiss is already on her way. He quickly tells the team what happened with Prentiss on the operating table.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965886",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nis all right and that is not his fault. Prentiss is also the only one Reid tells about his recurring headaches. Reid is one of the most affected by Prentiss's death, sobbing on JJ's shoulder because he never got to say goodbye, and even thought about giving up since he felt the BAU had failed at protecting a member of their team. Later, when Prentiss comes back, Reid feels betrayed by Prentiss for not telling him the truth, but Prentiss confronts him and they eventually reconcile. Prentiss is often seen hanging out with Jareau and Technical Analyst Penelope Garcia outside",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965880",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\ntrust her more. Before leaving to be with the BAU on a case despite his suspension from the field, Hotchner stops by Prentiss's apartment to convince her to get on the plane with him to help their team catch the UNSUB. In \"\"52 Pickup\"\", Hotchner is seen asking Prentiss for advice on how to deal with JJ's temporary substitute, Agent Jordan Todd, and acts on her suggestions, even giving Agent Todd another chance to prove herself. For the most part, Prentiss has also developed friendly relationships with the other members of the BAU team. Prentiss immediately bonds with Agent Derek",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20269414",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\non the members. Reid, who is still angry over her 'death' refuses to speak to her or JJ or even look them in the eye. At the end of \"\"Proof\"\", Prentiss talks it through with him and they make amends. In the premiere it is also revealed that Garcia has been taking care of her cat, Sergio, and when she inquires about him, Garcia jokingly states that she wants visitation rights. In the season seven finale, Prentiss receives an offer to run Interpol's London office. While still pondering her decision on the offer, Prentiss decides to leave the BAU. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371067",
"chunk_text": "\"Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)\"\nthe hospital, J.J. tells the team that Prentiss, \"\"never made it off the table\"\", and everyone dropped their heads in sadness. Everyone, except Hotch and J.J. think Prentiss is dead as they attend her funeral, unaware that she is alive and went into hiding from Doyle once again and that she is living in France, specifically Paris. In season seven, Morgan's summer investigation leads him to be the first to discover that Prentiss is alive. When she returns to the BAU they share an emotional moment and a hug. Later, Morgan tells her he was never upset nor does he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19120313",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nFBI, and had worked at its field offices in the Midwest before coming to the Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU). Prentiss is extremely well travelled due to her upbringing as an ambassador's daughter and her previous assignments while at Interpol. She is fluent in Arabic, Spanish, French, Italian, Russian, and Greek. Prentiss first appeared in the season two episode \"\"The Last Word\"\". Her appearance surprised both SSA Aaron Hotchner and Jason Gideon, as neither supervisor had signed off on the transfer. Hotchner was immediately suspicious of the new agent, but Prentiss, insisting that her mother had not pulled any strings for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965882",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nis also with Prentiss, holding her, when she is dying after being seriously injured by Doyle, and tells her that he understands what she did, and that she is brave, and he is proud of her. When he believes she has died, Morgan takes her death quite hard and expresses anger toward Doyle. When Emily returns to the BAU in season 7, Morgan shows concern for her safety and ability to protect herself in the field by making her sign up for re-certification. Over time, she also forms a close relationship with Agent Jennifer \"\"JJ\"\" Jareau, especially when they are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965889",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nis notified by her former superiors at Interpol that a man named Ian Doyle has escaped from prison in North Korea. Later, after returning home from work, Prentiss receives several hang-up calls on her home phone from an unknown caller. Upon her return home on a subsequent night, she finds an anonymous gift on her doorstep, containing a single purple flower. She experiences a flashback to a past undercover job in Italy, during which she was acting as his girlfriend and surveiling Doyle. Recognizing that the gift of the purple flower means Doyle knows where she lives, Prentiss flees. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965550",
"chunk_text": "\"Penelope Garcia\"\nby the look on JJ's face. In \"\"Hanley Waters\"\", she is interviewed by Hotch about Prentiss' \"\"apparent death\"\" and says she wants to talk about the times when Prentiss made her happy instead of about her being gone. Garcia is extremely and emotionally excited when she learns that Prentiss is alive and shocked when she returns. She's also quick to forgive her, JJ, and Hotch for the deception. It is also revealed that she has been taking care of Emily's cat, Sergio, and when Emily inquires about him, Garcia promptly demands visitation rights. Garcia is afraid of losing a partner,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119106",
"chunk_text": "\"200 (Criminal Minds)\"\nand Prentiss then go after Hastings after he manages to escape to the roof. JJ and Prentiss catch up with him fight him but during the fight, Hastings falls off the roof, killing him. The team then reunite with JJ while Cruz is sent to the hospital to have his stab wound and other injuries treated. The team, along with Prentiss and Will, gather at a bar to celebrate and also to say farewell to Prentiss before she heads back to London. On September 30, 2013, it was announced that former cast member Paget Brewster would return for the 200th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20269401",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nEmily Prentiss Emily Prentiss is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", portrayed by Paget Brewster. Prentiss first appeared in \"\"The Last Word\"\" (episode nine of season two), replacing Agent Elle Greenaway, who had quit in \"\"The Boogeyman\"\". Her role in the show's sixth season was reduced, for what Brewster believed to be financial reasons. Brewster returned to her role for the show's seventh season. Her final episode as a main cast member was the May 16, 2012 episode \"\"Run\"\". Brewster reprised the role again in 2014 for the 200th episode. She returned as Prentiss following the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371108",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Jareau\"\nthe attack on her convoy, and asks him to keep it between them. The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full-time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia. She is initially against summoning Prentiss \"\"back from the dead,\"\" but Hotch insists on telling the team the truth. Also, she learns Reid is emotionally hurt by her deception, as she knew he cried for ten weeks after losing Prentiss and she never said a word, and Reid revealed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20269415",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nthe season eight premiere, Morgan and Garcia mention seeing her while they were in London and that Emily is doing fine. Brewster returned for guest appearances in the season 9 episode \"\"200\"\" in 2014 and the season 11 episode \"\"Tribute\"\" in early 2016 before returning as a regular cast member in the season 12 episode \"\"Taboo\"\" later in the year. She is now the Unit Chief of the BAU, following the departure of Aaron Hotchner. Emily Prentiss Emily Prentiss is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", portrayed by Paget Brewster. Prentiss first appeared in \"\"The Last",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965888",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nexample, volunteering to enter into the unsub's house to rescue his young boy, and sacrifice herself for her teammates, as she did for Spencer Reid once in the season 4 episode, \"\"Minimal Loss\"\". She does not act rashly and there was only one rare occasion where she allowed her personal feelings interfere with investigations. It has been mentioned by Morgan that she has problems trusting others, preferring to handle things independently instead of asking others to help, but it was revealed that this reluctance is due to her long background as an undercover agent. In the sixth season, Agent Prentiss",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965890",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\n\"\"Coda\"\", Prentiss enlists two former Interpol colleagues in hunting Doyle. Tsia Mosely, one of her Interpol colleagues, gets shot in the head by Doyle while visiting someone. At the end of that episode, Prentiss sneaks out of a meeting in order to save her BAU colleagues from Doyle. At the beginning of \"\"Lauren\"\", it is revealed that Prentiss had been a spy eight years previously, on a task force profiling terrorists; while undercover, she met Ian Doyle (an arms dealer) and became his lover. Her betrayal of Doyle led to his arrest and subsequent imprisonment, including time in a North",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965884",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nplayed a lot of online Scrabble with someone with the online moniker \"\"cheetobreath\"\", implying it was JJ keeping her company. In the rare moments outside work, JJ and Prentiss have been seen having conversations about children and the men, or lack thereof, in Prentiss's life. Prentiss was also the first to congratulate JJ when she revealed she was pregnant with Henry. After Spencer Reid returns to work following his abduction by serial killer Tobias Hankel, Prentiss experiences a falling out with the young agent due to his harsh behavior toward her (a function of the irritability resulting from Reid's use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19120312",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\ndeparture of co-star Shemar Moore for the season 11 episode \"\"Tribute\"\". Brewster returned as series regular in season 12. She was brought back soon after co-star Thomas Gibson had been dismissed from the show. Prentiss was born to her unnamed father and Elizabeth, a US Ambassador. Due to her mother's job postings, Prentiss spent her childhood in numerous places, including Ukraine, France, Italy, and various countries in the Middle East. Her father has never been referred to in any way. She graduated from Chesapeake Bay University with a B.A. in Criminal Justice and then from Yale University before joining the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9683680",
"chunk_text": "\"Prentiss, Mississippi\"\nwhen Wildcats' player Walter Payton scored two touchdowns, running 95 yards for the first touchdown and 65 yards for the second. The Wildcats won 14-6. There is one private school serving K-12 students, Prentiss Christian School. The community is served by the \"\"Prentiss Headlight\"\" newspaper. Prentiss is accessed from Mississippi Highway 42, Mississippi Highway 13, and U.S. Route 84. The Prentiss-Jefferson Davis County Airport is located west of the town. The Jefferson Davis Community Hospital is located in Prentiss. Blues musician Houston Stackhouse stated that fellow musician Tommy Johnson: \"\"was stayin' over around Prentiss, Mississippi. I believe, I don't know",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965887",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nof work. Garcia looks up to Prentiss and never fails to vocalize her admiration, whether it is for Prentiss's fluency in Arabic, wit or the fact she took up salsa dancing classes. Garcia also notes that after four years with the team, Prentiss is a part of the “BAU family;” they hold a close friendship. Prentiss is shown to be an extremely competent, level-headed agent. She is not as affected by the nightmares that come with the job and manages to keep her cool in hostile confrontations. She is also shown to put herself in the line of fire, for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965881",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nMorgan due to their mutual love of Kurt Vonnegut books and they develop a close relationship. Their strong bond is most evident in the episodes leading up to and after Prentiss's death. Morgan is able to detect that Prentiss is worried about something and tries to get her to tell him what is bothering her. He also feels betrayed when Prentiss does not reveal the extent of her involvement with Doyle and the case and assumes she does not trust him enough. Rossi later tries to reason with him that Prentiss is merely trying to protect the BAU team. Morgan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17727823",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nas a teen, since she moved around so often, and would do \"\"almost anything\"\" to fit in. She told Rossi that during her mother's diplomatic posting in Italy, she got pregnant at 15 and had an abortion. She also states that the friend who accompanied her to the clinic \"\"saved [her] life\"\". Initially upon joining the BAU, Prentiss feels like an outsider and often worries that people doubt her ability as a profiler. Over time, Prentiss proves herself through her sharp profiling skills, competence, and dedication to the work, gradually earning the trust and respect of her fellow BAU team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16499339",
"chunk_text": "\"Sam Cooper\"\nthat he took her and Cooper promises that he will find her and goes into a chopper and finds the killer and the daughter. When the killer was surrounded, he tells the pilot not to \"\"blind his agents\"\" as they are negotiating him to let the daughter go. When it appeared that the killer jumped off, Prentiss checks to see if he died. But the killer was still alive and was about to kill Prentiss, then shots came from Rawson, who is a sniper. Cooper then smiles, now that he knows that Prentiss is safe and that Rawson saved her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9953220",
"chunk_text": "\"Warrick Brown\"\nIn the Season 9 premiere, \"\"For Warrick\"\", Grissom found Warrick bleeding to death in his car; Warrick tried to tell Grissom that McKeen shot him, but was deterred by McKeen's brandishing of his sidearm, and died in Grissom's arms. McKeen was eventually found out and arrested for his murder. Warrick's funeral was held a few days later and Grissom delivered an emotional eulogy, saying that he would miss him \"\"so much\"\". To honor Warrick's memory, the CSI team started a college fund for his son Eli. In the \"\"\"\" episode \"\"Bone Voyage\"\", when Lt. Horatio Caine meets Raymond Langston for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9683676",
"chunk_text": "\"Prentiss, Mississippi\"\nschool closed in 1989 and was designated an official Mississippi landmark in 2002. Ralph Fults and Raymond Hamilton, members of the notorious Barrow Gang, robbed the bank in Prentiss in 1935. In 1958, Rev. H.D. Darby of Prentiss filed a federal lawsuit challenging Mississippi's rigid voting eligibility laws for African Americans; it was the first lawsuit of its kind in Mississippi. Prentiss police officer Ron Jones, Jr. was shot and killed by Cory Maye while executing a search warrant in 2001. Prentiss is located in central Jefferson Davis County at . U.S. Route 84 passes north and west of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965885",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nof narcotics to cope with his recent trauma). However, the agents eventually gain a mutual respect and even share light-hearted moments. Prentiss sometimes joins in with Morgan in good-natured teasing of Reid's genius. She also amazes Reid when she beats him at poker even though he is from Las Vegas and never loses. Another turning point in their relationship is when Prentiss and Reid are held captive by a cult group and Prentiss admits she is the FBI agent, causing her to suffer a beating from the cult leader. As a result, Reid feels guilty, but Prentiss reassures him everything",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2146812",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Prentiss (AKA-102)\"\nUSS Prentiss (AKA-102) USS \"\"Prentiss\"\" (AKA-102) was a of the United States Navy named after Prentiss County, Mississippi. Like all AKAs, \"\"Prentiss\"\" was designed to carry military cargo and landing craft, and to use the latter to land weapons, supplies, and Marines on enemy shores during amphibious operations. She served as a commissioned ship for 15 months. \"\"Prentiss\"\" was laid down as a Type C2-S-AJ3 ship under a Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1699) by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, North Carolina, on 10 October 1944; launched on 6 December 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Roger Williams; acquired on loan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8070852",
"chunk_text": "\"Spencer Reid\"\nwrong with him. He tells Prentiss that he has not told any of the team members because he is afraid that they will \"\"make him feel like a baby.\"\" In \"\"Lauren\"\", it is Reid and Garcia who react most strongly to the news of Emily's death. Reid's reaction is to run out of the room, and he ends up sobbing into JJ's shoulder telling her that he \"\"never got a chance to say goodbye.\"\" In season seven, when Emily returns and Reid discovers Hotch and JJ faked her death, he is upset, especially with JJ. He tells her he feels",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19965484",
"chunk_text": "\"David Rossi\"\nalso attempted to return the charm bracelet to the children, but they requested that he keep it. Although he had identified the need to solve this case as his reason for returning to the BAU, Rossi remained with the team after it was solved. In \"\"Hanley Waters\"\", as he is being interviewed about Prentiss' \"\"apparent death\"\" by Hotch instead of Strauss, he reveals that he feels more married to his job than to his three ex-wives. He even proposes a toast with Hotch, to commemorate Prentiss and Hotch's deceased wife Haley. In the season six finale, he is almost shot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6381665",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ask and the Answer\"\nsoundproof room. Mayor Prentiss want to know where The Answer will attack from, drowning Viola, who refuses to answer. Unable to watch, Todd screams that the Answer is attacking from the east. The Mayor thanks Todd, and leaves to organise his army. Todd realizes where his duty lies and formulates a plan to stop the Mayor with the help of Ivan and other personnel. Ivan and the guards agree to help Todd rescue Lee and Viola. Lee hurries back to the Answer, while the others go to stop the Mayor. At the cathedral, the Mayor disables the entire group with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799824",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ask and the Answer\"\nNew Prentisstown residents are captured and tortured for information on The Answer. The next morning, Viola finds that the House of Healing is almost completely empty. The rest have gone to join the Answer. Mistress Coyle returns to recruit Viola, who feels forced to join, knowing about Mayor Prentiss' tortures. Todd realizes that he must take sides. At The Answer’s headquarters outside of town, Viola learns about the bombings and participates in an attack. An older teenager, Lee, befriends her. He is intent on avenging his family, who have been taken by The Ask. A large bombing occurs outside of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119105",
"chunk_text": "\"200 (Criminal Minds)\"\nscreen, with the code word “Blackbird”. Prentiss then arrives to the BAU and tells them that \"\"Blackbird\"\" is JJ. Garcia and Kevin are then apprehended for hacking into the system, but not before relaying the information on the location of their missing friend and co-worker. Prentiss then joins the team to help rescue JJ, who has been tortured through such forms as waterboarding, electrocution and attempted rape. The team splits up and takes out Hastings team. Meanwhile, Prentiss and Hotch search for JJ and end up finding her just in time and kill Askari before he could kill JJ. JJ",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3699682",
"chunk_text": "\"Cory Maye\"\nin exchange for a ten-year sentence, which was decreed to be time served. Maye was then transferred to Rankin County, Mississippi for procedural paperwork and out-processing, and was released on July 18, 2011. Cory Maye Cory Jermaine Maye (born September 9, 1980) is a former prisoner in the U.S. state of Mississippi. He was originally convicted of murder in the 2001 death of a Prentiss, Mississippi police officer Ron W. Jones, during a drug raid on the other half of Maye's duplex. Maye has said he thought that the intruders were burglars and did not realize they were police. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5040595",
"chunk_text": "\"The Ask and the Answer\"\nthat in New Prentisstown that could harm Todd. Viola and Lee arrive at the tower to rescue him. Viola notices that there is something darker to his personality, but still urges Todd to leave with them, warning that the attack will come from the east. Suddenly Ledger appears, armed, revealing his secret loyalty to Prentiss. While threatening them he finds a self-arming bomb in Viola's bag. Too late, Ledger attempts to throw it away, but it explodes, killing him and injuring Todd, Viola and Lee. Mayor Prentiss captures the three. Viola is interrogated and tortured, with Todd watching from a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17727417",
"chunk_text": "\"Penelope Garcia\"\nepisode \"\"Compromising Positions\"\", Garcia volunteered to replace JJ as their new Media Liaison, but soon discovered that she was not suited for the job. She returned to her analyst duties after the case was closed, but was given the option to travel to crime scenes with the team as needed. She was also emotional in the episode \"\"Lauren\"\" when Prentiss is stabbed by her nemesis, Ian Doyle. JJ joins the team waiting in the hospital lounge for results to inform them that Prentiss \"\"never made it off the table\"\". We see that Garcia can tell the news is not good",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8693574",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Prentiss\"\nto the defense of Shiloh\"\". Prentiss' own after-action report did not mention the aid of Wallace's troops, and barely made any mention of Peabody, who was also killed in action during the battle. After being released as part of a prisoner exchange, BG Prentiss was promoted to major general and served on the court-martial board that convicted Fitz John Porter. His dissenting voice in the final vote damaged his political clout. Prentiss was sent to Arkansas and won the Battle of Helena on July 4, 1863. In 1863, he resigned to tend to his family. Historian Ezra J. Warner speculated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16510859",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Prentiss (AKA-102)\"\nscrap on 18 March 1970, towed across the Atlantic Ocean, and scrapped at Bilbao, Spain. \"\"Prentiss\"\" was awarded one battle star for World War II service. USS Prentiss (AKA-102) USS \"\"Prentiss\"\" (AKA-102) was a of the United States Navy named after Prentiss County, Mississippi. Like all AKAs, \"\"Prentiss\"\" was designed to carry military cargo and landing craft, and to use the latter to land weapons, supplies, and Marines on enemy shores during amphibious operations. She served as a commissioned ship for 15 months. \"\"Prentiss\"\" was laid down as a Type C2-S-AJ3 ship under a Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1699)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10408288",
"chunk_text": "\"Save the Last One\"\na period of four days from July 7–8 and again from July 11–12. The location was temporarily renovated to mirror an abandoned Federal Emergency Management Agency camp. Michael Riley, the production manager for the episode, contacted the Newnan Police Department to collaborate with producers. Because of the large size of the filming location, Riley's production company notified surrounding neighborhoods to ease inconvenience. \"\"Save the Last One\"\" marked the final appearance of Pruitt Taylor Vince, whose character was killed off in the episode after Shane shoots him; this subsequently marks a turning point for him as a false protagonist. In an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6873169",
"chunk_text": "\"The Knife of Never Letting Go\"\nThe men of Prentisstown make up the last surviving settlement on New World—at least according to Mayor Prentiss, after whom the town is named. At the beginning of the book, Todd and his dog, Manchee, discover a lone patch of silence (a 'hole in the Noise') in a local swamp. Bewildered, Todd and Manchee make their way back into town. When Todd explains the silence to Ben and Cillian, his adoptive parents, his Noise accidentally projects the discovery to the entire town. Ben and Cillian mysteriously reveal they have been planning Todd's escape from Prentisstown for nearly his entire life.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3746298",
"chunk_text": "\"USS Prentiss (AKA-102)\"\ncharter basis from the Maritime Commission by the Navy on 12 January 1945; and commissioned on 11 February 1945, Lt. Comdr. George P. Walker, USNR, in command. After shakedown in the Chesapeake Bay area, \"\"Prentiss\"\" sailed from Norfolk for Pearl Harbor, arriving on 13 April. She departed Hawaii on 6 May with ammunition and general cargo for Okinawa. Within hours of her arrival on 21 June, she underwent one of that area's frequent attacks. During the action her gunners shot down a kamikaze. Following this spirited reception, unloading of her volatile cargo was speedy; she departed the area on 27",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3974826",
"chunk_text": "\"Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)\"\nfriendship with Agent Emily Prentiss. As she joined the team in season 2, they immediately bonded due to their mutual love of Kurt Vonnegut books. Morgan is protective of Prentiss, but their relationship is never shown beyond outside of the bureau. In the episode 6x17 \"\"Valhalla\"\", Morgan tells Prentiss that she can \"\"trust him\"\", and that he is there for her no matter what. In Prentiss's final episode as a series regular, 6x18 \"\"Lauren\"\", she disappears after walking out of the BAU to go and confront her nemesis, Ian Doyle. At the end of the episode after being stabbed in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20016392",
"chunk_text": "\"Kensi Blye\"\nfaced in a deadly and highly dangerous situation involving a nuclear launch and almost risking her life. Kensi is successful in stopping the threat. In the season nine finale, Kensi along with the rest of the team, learn the truth about Mosley’s kidnapped son and Callen’s promise to help her when they come into contact with a suspect on a current case who is connected to Mosley’s former lover, Spencer Williams. Upon learning of this information, Mosley sees this as her best chance of finding and getting her son back. Mosley and the team learn they are located in Mexico,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119101",
"chunk_text": "\"200 (Criminal Minds)\"\nreinforcements. Hotch then calls Emily Prentiss (Paget Brewster), former BAU agent, now head of Interpol and asks her for help. Prentiss, hearing that JJ had been kidnapped by terrorist Tivon Askari, is rushed directly onto her private jet to help out the BAU. Askari was using all the data he managed to obtain on their task force as a commodity to sell to whoever wished to hire him. A man for hire means no allegiance to anyone. Once his true agenda was revealed back in 2011; he immediately went underground to never be seen again. The first record they have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8070849",
"chunk_text": "\"Spencer Reid\"\nand trusts her enough to back him up and not shoot at Owen as he tries talking Owen down. Although not shown, it is implied Reid and Prentiss spend time together outside of work heavily, along with riding the train home together when they return from cases. Prentiss is the only one who has beat Reid at poker, even correcting his statistic about her particular poker move. Reid and Prentiss are held hostage by a cult led by Benjamin Cyrus (portrayed by Luke Perry). Though he is not injured, Reid struggles with guilt over \"\"allowing\"\" Prentiss's beating at the hands",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20269405",
"chunk_text": "\"Emily Prentiss\"\nmembers. Prentiss has a good relationship with her supervisor Aaron Hotchner and establishes herself as one of the most reliable and capable agents on the BAU. Hotchner had previously worked as the Head of Security for Prentiss's Ambassador mother, Elizabeth Prentiss, but did not cross paths with Prentiss, because she was off to Yale. When she joins the BAU, they get off to a rocky start, but after a confrontation in his office about her feelings and opinions regarding politics and after she resigns instead of secretly feeding reports to Section Chief Erin Strauss, Hotchner begins to understand Prentiss and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15262724",
"chunk_text": "\"Hershel Greene\"\nAlexandria compound. Wilson's performance in this episode was his last onscreen appearance; he died on October 6, 2018, shortly after the episode was filmed, of leukemia. Hershel makes his first chronological appearance in the franchise in \"\"Episode 1: A New Day\"\", which takes place before the events of Issue #10 in the comic book series. At the point where Lee Everett meets Hershel, Lee has just escaped from the nearby suburbs, together with Clementine, Shawn, who is still alive at this point, and depending on player actions, Shawn's friend Chet, or the police officer Andre Mitchell. Hershel tends to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_612
|
who won the silver medal in womens figure skating?
|
n/a
|
[
"Evgenia Medvedeva"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4165113",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: The Olympic Athletes from Russia set two subsequent world records in the short program on February 21, with Evgenia Medvedeva scoring 81.61 and then Alina",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9956979",
"chunk_text": "\"Evgenia Medvedeva\"\nEvgenia Medvedeva Evgenia Armanovna Medvedeva (alt. spelling: Yevgenia Medvedeva; ; born 19 November 1999), is a Russian figure skater. She is a two-time Olympic silver medalist (2018 ladies' singles, 2018 team event), a two-time world champion (2016, 2017), a two-time European champion (2016, 2017), a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2015, 2016), and a two-time Russian national champion (2016, 2017). Earlier in her career, she won the 2015 World Junior Championships, the 2014 Junior Grand Prix Final, and the 2015 Russian Junior Championships. Medvedeva is the first ladies' singles skater to win senior Worlds the year after winning Junior Worlds,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6833580",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 World Figure Skating Championships\"\ntheir selections in December 2015. The ISU published a complete list of entries on March 8, 2016. The Men's short program was held on March 30. The free skate was held on April 1. The Ladies short program was held on March 31. The free skate took place on April 2, 2016. Gracie Gold took a 2.45 point lead after the short program. Anna Pogorilaya edged out Evgenia Medvedeva for second place by 0.22. Ashley Wagner, the US Nationals bronze medalist, was just out of medal position, 0.60 behind Medvedeva. The 2015 World bronze medalist Elena Radionova was in fifth,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333218",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot became Olympic champions after finishing fourth in the short program and setting a record with their score in the free program. Sui Wenjing and Han Cong, leading after the short program, made a couple of mistakes in the free program and won silver. Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1883716",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics\"\nthe Canadian duo of Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir who were the defending Olympic champions. Virtue and Moir lost crucial marks in the Finnstep element of the short program which resulted in a wide 2.56 point deficit with Davis and White. Petri Kokko, one of the creators of the Finnstep, tweeted: \"\"I don't understand the judging in #icedancing. @Virtue--Moir should be leading in my honest opinion.\"\" In the ladies' singles event, Adelina Sotnikova (Russia) won the gold medal, while Kim Yuna (South Korea) was awarded the silver. The results sparked a worldwide media debate on the outcome. Media reports on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8240735",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nallowed to field one to three entries per discipline. Countries began publishing their selections as early as December 2016. The International Skating Union published a complete list on 9 March 2017. Yuzuru Hanyu set a new world record for the free skating (223.20 points). Evgenia Medvedeva set a new world record for the free skating (154.40 points) and for the combined total (233.41 points). Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir set a new world record for the short dance (82.43 points) and for the combined total (198.62 points). Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron set a new world record for the free",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18712733",
"chunk_text": "\"Alina Zagitova\"\nAlina Zagitova Alina Ilnazovna Zagitova (, , born 18 May 2002) is a Russian figure skater. She is the 2018 Olympic champion, the 2018 European champion, 2017–18 Grand Prix Final champion, and the 2018 Russian national champion. Zagitova also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2018 Winter Olympics, representing the Olympic Athletes from Russia team. Earlier in her career, she won gold at the 2017 World Junior Championships and at the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final. At the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final, she became the first junior lady to achieve a total score above the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1738507",
"chunk_text": "\"International figure skating\"\nskater to stand on an Olympic podium, winning silver at the Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. She is the first woman to land a triple-triple jump combination and a triple Axel in competition. In February 2006, Shizuka Arakawa became the first Japanese skater to be awarded an Olympic gold medal. Narumi Takahashi / Mervin Tran won Japan's first World medal in pair skating, taking bronze at the 2012 World Championships in Nice, France. In February 2014, Yuzuru Hanyu won Japan's first Olympic title in men's figure skating. Mao Asada is her country's most successful ladies' figure skater at the World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16199605",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice dance\"\nOksana Domnina and Maxim Shabalin won bronze, but it was the first time Europeans had not won a gold medal in the history of ice dance at the Olympics. The U.S. began to dominate international competitions in ice dance at the turn of the 21st century; at the 2014 Olympics in Sochi, Davis and White won the Olympics gold medal. In 2018, at the Olympics in PyeongChang, Virtue and Moir became the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history after winning the gold medal there. Skaters must only execute the prescribed elements; if they do not, the extra or unprescribed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18759234",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nFigure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia. The short dance was held on 16 February and the free dance on 17 February. The competition was won by Meryl Davis and Charlie White from the United States. This was the first time the U.S. had won a gold medal in ice dance. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. Prior to the competition, the existing ISU highest scores were: The following",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12492767",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the Olympic Games\"\ngold, rebounding from a two-nothing deficit late in the game. With the win, Canadians Hayley Wickenheiser, Jayna Hefford and Caroline Ouellette became the first athletes to win four ice hockey gold medals. They also joined Soviet biathlete Alexander Tikhonov and German speedskater Claudia Pechstein as the only athletes to win gold medals in four straight Winter Olympics. In the bronze medal game Switzerland beat Sweden 4–3 to win their first women's medal. In 2018, the United States defeated Canada for the gold medal in a shootout, winning 3–2. The Americans' winning the gold medal game marks the first time in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Chen Lu (figure skater)\"\n3rd place votes (called \"\"ordinals\"\") were split unevenly between Chen, Butyrskaya, and Slutskaya, Chen managed to win the bronze medal for the second time. (See the two tables below). Tara Lipinski and Michelle Kwan finished in 1st and 2nd place, respectively. Afterwards, her performance was regarded as one of the great comebacks of the Olympic games and is memorable for the emotion she displayed during and after her free skate. Chen bowed to her coaches following her free skating performance, as she was leaving competition ice for the last time, in gratitude for their training. Chen retired from amateur competition",
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"chunk_text": "\"2014 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nfirst in the free skating and won his first World title. Silver went to Machida, finishing 0.33 of a point behind Hanyu. Finishing six points back, Fernández won his second World bronze medal. The ice dancing event was closely contested. Two points separated the top four in the short dance. 2014 European champions, Anna Cappellini / Luca Lanotte of Italy, took the lead, outscoring Canada's Kaitlyn Weaver / Andrew Poje by 0.5 and France's Nathalie Pechalat / Fabian Bourzat by 1.5. Slightly under three points separated the top four in the free dance and the overall scores were even closer.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"2014 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nCappellini/Lanotte became the second Italian ice dancers to win the World title, finishing 0.02 of a point ahead of silver medalists Weaver/Poje and 0.06 ahead of Pechalat/Bourzat, who won their second World bronze medal. 2014 Olympic bronze medalists, Elena Ilinykh / Nikita Katsalapov of Russia, placed first in the segment but finished off the podium, just 1.05 behind the gold medalists. 2008 and 2010 World champion, Mao Asada of Japan, broke the previous world record set by Kim Yuna in the short program, scoring 78.66, 1.42 points ahead of the 2012 World champion, Carolina Kostner of Italy, and 4.12 ahead",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics\"\nbehind Kulik. The countries represented by the podium finishers were the same as in the men's competition at the Lillehammer 1994 games, with Stojko and Candeloro getting their second consecutive silver and bronze medals, respectively. In a noteworthy instance, Stojko had to limp to the podium on sneakers at the medal presentation. He also did not skate at the figure skating gala, although he did take the ice briefly to announce that he would skip the World Championships next month. Referee: Assistant Referee: Judges: The primary competitors for the gold medal were Americans Tara Lipinski and Michelle Kwan. Kwan and",
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"chunk_text": "\"2014 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nsilver medalists Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor Klimov of Russia by under a point. Savchenko/Szolkowy ranked first in the free skating by a six-point margin and won their fifth World title by an overall margin of nearly nine points. Stolbova/Klimov were awarded their first World medal, silver, finishing five points ahead of Duhamel/Radford. The latter pair outscored fellow Canadians Kirsten Moore-Towers / Dylan Moscovitch for the bronze for the second year in a row. Japan's Tatsuki Machida ranked first in the men's short program, with Spain's Javier Fernández and 2014 Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu in second and third respectively. Hanyu placed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "6347461",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 20 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short ice dance was held on 19 February and the free ice dance was held on 20 February. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir scored 83.67 in the short dance, breaking their own world record. Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron finished in second place, 1.74 points behind Virtue/Moir. Madison Hubbell and Zachary Donohue finished in third place, and Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani were",
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"chunk_text": "\"2011 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nskating, and finished seventh overall. The 2010 Olympic and World Champions, Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir, set a new world record score in the short dance, while Grand Prix Final champions Meryl Davis and Charlie White were second and European champions, Nathalie Pechalat and Fabian Bourzat, were third. Davis and White won the free dance to become the first ice dancers from the United States to win the World title. Virtue and Moir took the silver while Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani won the bronze medal in their first trip to the senior World Championships. It was the first North",
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"chunk_text": "\"Katarina Witt\"\nto a double loop. This left room for Thomas to win the long program, but Thomas missed three of her five planned triple jumps. Canadian skater Elizabeth Manley won the long program convincingly over Witt (seven judges to two), however Witt retained her Olympic title based on her overall scores (she had finished ahead of Manley in both the compulsory figures and the short program). Witt became only the second woman in figure skating history (after Sonja Henie) to defend her Olympic title successfully. Had Manley not narrowly lost second place to Thomas in the short program (by one judge),",
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nscored enough points overall to win the gold medal, setting another world record with a total score of 206.07. This was the third Olympic medal that Virtue/Moir had won in ice dance; they won their first gold in 2010 and they took silver in 2014. It was also their fifth Olympic medal overall (including two team medals in 2014 and 2018), making them the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: A total of 24",
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_text": "\"2012 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nsenior World debut. Chan was the first men's single skater to win consecutive World titles since Stéphane Lambiel of Switzerland. The event was the first time Japan had two men on the World podium. 33 skaters competed in the ladies' preliminary round and the top twelve – led by Jenna McCorkell, Jelena Glebova, and Sonia Lafuente – advanced to the short program. The top three skaters in the short program were Alena Leonova, Kanako Murakami, and Carolina Kostner. Kostner was first in the free skating, followed by Akiko Suzuki and Ashley Wagner. Kostner became Italy's first ladies' World champion, silver",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "7630122",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nchampion Irina Slutskaya, the first woman to win the European Championship seven times. Prior to the Olympic Games, she had only been beaten once this season, by Japan's Mao Asada, who was too young to compete at these Olympics. Favorite Michelle Kwan, who had previously won silver at the 1998 Winter Olympics and bronze at the 2002 Winter Olympics, was forced to withdraw due to a groin injury. As a 5-time world champion and 9-time U.S. champion, the Olympic gold was the only major title missing from her resume. U.S. national bronze medalist Emily Hughes (the younger sister of the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "14664810",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics\"\nbeat Butyrskaya by the tally of 5 judges to 4 and beat Slutskaya 6 judges to 3, giving Chen her second straight bronze medal in the Olympic Games. Tara Lipinski (gold), Michelle Kwan (silver) and Chen Lu (bronze) were the World Champions in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. FS=Free Skating SP=Short Program, FS=Free Skating Referee: Assistant Referee: Judges: This was the second Olympics that Dmitriev won Gold. He previously won in 1992 with a different partner. He is the only man to win the Olympics with different partners. Soviet skater Irina Rodnina won three Olympics with two different partners. Referee:",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "3649086",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nOlympic Committee; accompanied by Halina Gordon-Poltorak, ISU Ice Dance Technical Committee Chair, Fabio Bianchetti, ISU Single and Pair Skating Technical Committee Chair, and Christopher Buchanan, ISU Synchronized Skating Technical Committee Chair. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best score was set during this competition: This record was shortly broken in the 2018 Winter Olympics Ladies's Short Program by Alina Zagitova with a score of 82.92. Evgenia broke her own record with a score of 81.61, before Zagitova scored higher after skating after. A total of 10 teams",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "2442090",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 European Figure Skating Championships\"\nfree skating (150.79 points) and for the combined total (229.71 points). Bronze medalists the previous two years, Tarasova/Morozov won their first European title after placing first in the short program and second in the free skate. Ranked third in the short and first in the free, Savchenko/Massot received silver for the second consecutive year. Bronze medalists James/Ciprès were the first French pair to win a European medal in fourteen years (since 2003, when Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis took silver). Papadakis/Cizeron became European champions for the third consecutive year. Table of medals for overall placement: Table of small medals for",
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_id": "18715165",
"chunk_text": "\"Alina Zagitova\"\nskating. In the ladies' individual event, Zagitova skated a clean short program and posted a world record score of 82.92, beating the previous record of 81.61 that Medvedeva posted earlier that evening. Her total score of 239.57 was a new personal best. Zagitova won the gold medal in the event at age of 15 years and 281 days, became one of the youngest figure skating Olympic champions. During the 2018 Olympics, \"\"The New York Times\"\" reported that Zagitova had performed the most technically difficult program in the history of ladies Olympic gold medalists by performing at a base value of",
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"chunk_text": "\"2017 World Junior Figure Skating Championships\"\nworld record for the free skating (179.24 points) and for the combined total (258.11 points). Daniel Samohin set a new junior world record for the free skating (165.63 points) but the record was later broken by Zhou. Alina Zagitova set a new junior world record for the free skating (138.02 points) and for the combined total (208.60 points). Alexandrovskaya/Windsor won Australia's first Junior Worlds medal in 41 years — since 1976, when Elizabeth Cain / Peter Cain took the pairs' bronze medal. They also became the first skaters representing Australia to receive gold at an ISU Figure Skating Championships. Rachel",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "19480497",
"chunk_text": "\"Chen Lu (figure skater)\"\nChen Lu (figure skater) Chen Lu (, born 24 November 1976) is a Chinese figure skater. She is the 1994 and 1998 Olympic bronze medalist and the 1995 World Champion. Chen won the first ever Olympic medal in figure skating for China. Chen was born in Changchun, China in 1976, the daughter of an ice hockey coach and a table tennis player. She was one of the most decorated figure skaters of the 1990s winning two Olympic medals, four World medals, and nine national titles. Her success brought attention to Chinese figure skating and spurred more Chinese success. As a",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_text": "\"2012–13 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final\"\n4T-3T, 3A+3T, and 3A. He won the title by 11 points over the silver medalist, Farris, while Japan's Ryuju Hino moved ahead of Brown to take the bronze. Russia's Elena Radionova was first in the ladies' short program, with the United States' Hannah Miller in second and Russia's Anna Pogorilaya in third. Radionova also placed first in the free skate and won the junior ladies' title by 11 points ahead of silver medalist Miller, who placed fourth in the segment, and bronze medalist Pogorilaya. Angela Wang of the United States was second in the free skate but remained in fourth",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Chen Lu (figure skater)\"\nIce Arena Skating Academy based at World Ice Arena, an upscale mall rink in Shenzhen, China, while her husband is the head coach of the skating academy. Chen Lu (figure skater) Chen Lu (, born 24 November 1976) is a Chinese figure skater. She is the 1994 and 1998 Olympic bronze medalist and the 1995 World Champion. Chen won the first ever Olympic medal in figure skating for China. Chen was born in Changchun, China in 1976, the daughter of an ice hockey coach and a table tennis player. She was one of the most decorated figure skaters of the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"2012 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nmedalist Leonova was the first Russian to reach the ladies' World podium since 2005, and Suzuki won the bronze. Kostner was the first European lady since 2005 (Irina Slutskaya) to win the gold medal at Worlds. Kostner said: \"\"It is my tenth season at senior level, and in each season I've learned something. Today was my day and my competition. I would have been happy with second place, but I thought ‘keep on dreaming to the end’.\"\" Eleven couples competed in the pairs' preliminary round and the top eight – led by Sui Wenjing / Han Cong, Vanessa James /",
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"chunk_id": "18366224",
"chunk_text": "\"CC Amfi\"\n1000 meters and South Korea won the 3000 meter relay. At 13, Kim Yoon-Mi became the world's youngest Olympic gold medalist. In figure skating, relaxation of the amateurism rules led to several former stars returning. The ladies' singles has resulted in the as-yet highest United States Winter Olympic television viewership, thanks to Tonya Harding's ex-husband Jeff Gillooly hiring Shane Stant to club fellow female figure skater Nancy Kerrigan in the knee. The ladies' singles was won by Ukraine's Oksana Baiul, while the men's singles was won by Russia's Alexei Urmanov, the ice dancing was won by Russians Oksana Grishuk and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nfree skate 36.00. The short program was held on 21 February. The free skating was held on 23 February. <nowiki>*</nowiki> Evgenia Medvedeva finished at higher place due to better program component score <BR> The skaters were ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February. For a complete list of figure skating records, see",
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"chunk_id": "16153812",
"chunk_text": "\"Maria Sotskova\"\nMaria Sotskova Maria Romanovna Sotskova (pron. \"\"SOT-skoh-vah\"\"; ; born 12 April 2000) is a Russian figure skater. She is the 2017 Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a winner of three ISU Challenger Series events, and a two-time Russian national medalist (silver in 2018, bronze in 2017). She represented OAR (Olympic Athletes from Russia) at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Earlier in her career, she won gold at the 2013 Junior Grand Prix Final, silver at the 2016 Youth Olympics, and silver at the 2016 World Junior Championships. Maria Romanovna Sotskova was born on 12 April 2000 in Reutov, Moscow Oblast, Russia.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"2013 World Junior Figure Skating Championships\"\n2012 silver medalists Yu Xiaoyu / Jin Yang of China led after the pairs' short program, with Margaret Purdy / Michael Marinaro of Canada and Haven Denney / Brandon Frazier in second and third respectively. The free skating was delayed by 1 hour and 20 minutes due to a technical problem. Denney / Frazier rose from third to take the gold, Purdy / Marinaro remained in second, and Russia's Lina Fedorova / Maxim Miroshkin climbed from seventh to take the bronze. 2012 silver medalists Alexandra Stepanova / Ivan Bukin of Russia placed first in the short dance, followed by Gabriella",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single skating competition of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia. The short program took place on 19 February 2014, and the free skating took place on 20 February. Adelina Sotnikova of Russia won the gold medal. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following ISU season best scores (2013–2014) were set during this competition: The short program (SP) took place on 19 February 2014. The Free skating took place on 20",
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"chunk_text": "\"Single skating\"\nhowever, only the last jump element performed during the short program and the final three jump elements performed during the free skate, counted in a skater's final score. \"\"International Skating Magazine\"\" called this regulation the \"\"Zagitova Rule\"\", named for Alina Zagitova from Russia, who won the gold medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics by \"\"backloading\"\" her free skating program, or placing all her jumps in the second half of the program in order to take advantage of the rule in place at the time that awarded a 10% bonus to jumps performed during the second half of the program. Also",
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event The team event was a figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics that was held from 9 to 12 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. It took place over three days between 9–12 February with the short programs and the short dance taking place on 9 and 11 February, and the free skates and the free dance taking place on 11 and 12 February. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tricia Smith, Lydia Nsekera, and Britta Heidemann, members of the International",
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"chunk_text": "\"Nancy Kerrigan\"\nthe Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre took place seven weeks after the attack, and Kerrigan skated what she considered to be the best two performances of her life in the short program and free skate. She won the silver medal, finishing second to Oksana Baiul and ahead of Chen Lu, who took the bronze medal, as Tonya Harding finished in eighth place amid controversy. Harding had trouble with the laces on her skates and was given a reskate by the judges. Kerrigan was in first place after the short program, but lost the free skate and the gold medal to Baiul in",
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"chunk_text": "\"International figure skating\"\nof Russian immigration during the occupation. Margarita Drobiazko / Povilas Vanagas are the most successful Lithuanian skaters, having won bronze medals at the World Championships, European Championships, and Grand Prix Final. In March 2013, Denis Ten was awarded the silver medal at the World Championships; it was Kazakhstan's first World medal in figure skating. In February 2014, he became his country's first Olympic medalist in figure skating, winning bronze in Sochi. In February 2015, he became the first skater from Kazakhstan to stand on the podium at a Four Continents Championships, receiving the gold medal. The Dutch added edges to",
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"chunk_text": "\"2014 World Junior Figure Skating Championships\"\nmedal was awarded to Nguyen, silver to Pitkeev (4.55 point deficit in the combined score), and bronze to Chen (0.52 of a point behind Pitkeev). 2013 World Junior champion Elena Radionova won the ladies' short program, outscoring teammates Serafima Sakhanovich by a margin of 2.15 and Evgenia Medvedeva by 3.18. Ten points ahead of her nearest rival in the free skating and 12.16 overall, Radionova became the first ladies' single skater to repeat as World Junior champion. Sakhanovich won the silver medal, finishing a total of 3.7 points ahead of Medvedeva, who took the bronze medal. It was the second",
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"chunk_id": "11550264",
"chunk_text": "\"History of figure skating\"\nthe entire United States figure skating team and their coaches. The event sharply reduced American strength in the sport for a period but by the late 1960s the country began a resurgence led by Peggy Fleming. The Soviet Union began appearing on the international scene in the late 1950s. Winning gold at the 1964 Winter Olympics, Ludmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov began a forty-year Soviet/Russian gold medal streak in pair skating—the longest in Olympic sports history, running from 1964 to 2006. 1973 was the last year in which solid gold medals were awarded in figure skating. Once worth 60% of",
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"chunk_text": "\"Free skating\"\nfrom Russia holds the highest single women's free skating score of 158.50, which she earned at the 2018 CS Nebelhorn Trophy. Vanessa James and Morgan Cipres from France hold the highest pairs free skating score of 148.37, which they earned at the 2018–19 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final. According to the ISU, a free skating program for men and women single skaters \"\"consists of a well balanced program of Free Skating elements, such as jumps, spins, steps and other linking movements executed with a minimum of two footed skating in harmony with music of the Competitor’s choice\"\". Skaters have",
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"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics\"\nLipinski were in first and second places after the short program, respectively. In the free skating, both Lipinski and Kwan skated excellent programs. 6 judges placed Lipinski ahead of Kwan; three placed Kwan ahead of Lipinski. So Lipinski won the gold medal, and Kwan took the silver. The primary competitors for the bronze medal were Chen Lu from China, Maria Butyrskaya and Irina Slutskaya from Russia. In the free skating, they all skated well, but had mistakes. The final placements were very close and far from unanimous. The 3rd–5th place votes were split unevenly between Chen, Butyrskaya, and Slutskaya. Chen",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "9956980",
"chunk_text": "\"Evgenia Medvedeva\"\nand the first ladies' singles skater to win two consecutive senior Worlds the year after winning Junior Worlds. At the 2017 World Championships, she became the first female skater to win back-to-back world titles in 16 years since Michelle Kwan did so in 2000 and 2001, and the first Russian woman ever to successfully defend her world title. Under the ISU Judging System, she has set world record scores 13 times and is the first female skater to surpass the 80-point short program mark, the 160-point free skating mark, and the 230-point and 240-point total mark. Medvedeva holds the world",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"2012–13 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final\"\noverall. Russia's Lina Fedorova / Maxim Miroshkin took the lead in the pair's short program, followed by Canada's Margaret Purdy / Michael Marinaro and Russia's Vasilisa Davankova / Andrei Deputat. Fedorova / Miroshkin were also first in the free skate and won gold with a total score slightly over five points ahead of the silver medalists, Davankova / Deputat, while Maria Vigalova / Egor Zakroev rose to take the bronze, producing a Russian sweep of the podium. Davankova / Deputat were the only junior pairs' medalists to attempt (and complete) side-by-side triple jumps. Vigalova (born 29 June 1999) was the",
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"chunk_text": "\"2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships\"\nof Japan won her second consecutive bronze medal at Junior Worlds. Anna Dušková / Martin Bidař became the first Czech figure skaters to ever win gold at a World Junior Championships and the first pair skaters from outside China, Russia, or the United States to win the competition since 2000. Russian pairs Anastasia Mishina / Vladislav Mirzoev and Ekaterina Borisova / Dmitry Sopot took silver and bronze, respectively, in their first trip to Junior Worlds. The United States won both the gold and silver medals. Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter overtook short program leaders Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons for",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"2016 CS U.S. International Figure Skating Classic\"\nSatoko Miyahara led the ladies short program with 70.09 points, followed by Mariah Bell with 60.64 points, and South Korea's Choi Da-bin with 58.70 points. In the free program, Miyahara held on to her lead and scored 136.66 points, while Bell kept her second position with 123.58 points. Karen Chen of the United States rose from sixth in the short program to third in the free skating with 110.58 points. Overall, Miyahara won with a combined score of 206.75, Bell second with 184.22, and Chen third with 162.08. Choi Da-bin, third after the short, finished fourth overall with a free",
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"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the Winter Olympics\"\nand on 1 February 2018 the results were restored. The IOC is challenging this decision. Alex Gough won Canada's first ever Olympic medal (Bronze) in Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang. Canada has won at least one medal in figure skating in 14 of the 17 post-war Winter Olympic games (since 1948). Canada's gold medalists are Barbara Ann Scott (1948) and the pairs of Barbara Wagner and Robert Paul (1960); Jamie Salé and David Pelletier (2002); and Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir (2010 and 2018). Canada also won gold in the team event at the 2018 Winter Olympics",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14736388",
"chunk_text": "\"2012 World Figure Skating Championships\"\nat the arena ten minutes before they were due to compete in the preliminary round. Gregory Merriman's blade broke off his heel a minute before the end of the performance but he and his partner, Danielle O'Brien, were also able to qualify. Tessa Virtue / Scott Moir took the lead in the short dance, followed by Meryl Davis / Charlie White and Nathalie Pechalat / Fabian Bourzat. The top three were the same in the free dance. Virtue / Moir won their second World title, while the 2011 World Champions, Davis / White, took silver, and Pechalat / Bourzat won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_613
|
who lived in jamestown before the arrival of the english?
|
n/a
|
[
"uninhabited"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13410265",
"chunk_text": "\"Historic Jamestowne\"\nby the American Chemical Society. It is adjacent and complementary with Jamestown Settlement, a living history museum built run by the Commonwealth of Virginia to interpret the early colony. Jamestown, first established in the Virginia Colony at Jamestown, on May 13, 1607, was the site of the first permanent English settlement in North America. Upon arrival, the hundred-some colonists set about constructing a fort to protect themselves from the nearby Virginia Indian tribes and from a potential attack from the Spanish settlements in Florida. Between 1609 and 1610, lack of local food and replenishment of supplies from England, and inability",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16679567",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Island\"\nJamestown Island Jamestown Island is a island in the James River in Virginia, part of James City County. It is located off Glasshouse Point, to which it is connected via a causeway to the Colonial Parkway. Much of the island is wetland, including both swamp and marsh. Prior to English settlement, the nearby area was home to the Paspahegh people, or Virginia Algonquians. In May 1607, the island (then a peninsula) became site of James Fort, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. The chief of the Powatan at that time, also named Powhatan, was father of Pocahontas. After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17095874",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nJamestown, Virginia The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the east bank of the Powhatan (James) River about southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg. William Kelso writes that Jamestown \"\"is where the British Empire began\"\". It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"\"James Fort\"\" on May 4, 1607 O.S.;(May 14, 1607 N.S.), and was considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts, including the Lost Colony of Roanoke, established in 1585 on Roanoke Island. Jamestown served as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16679569",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Island\"\nby Jamestown Rediscovery has led to significant archaeological discoveries of the early colonial settler period. Jamestown Island Jamestown Island is a island in the James River in Virginia, part of James City County. It is located off Glasshouse Point, to which it is connected via a causeway to the Colonial Parkway. Much of the island is wetland, including both swamp and marsh. Prior to English settlement, the nearby area was home to the Paspahegh people, or Virginia Algonquians. In May 1607, the island (then a peninsula) became site of James Fort, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12007339",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Glasshouse\"\nJamestown Glasshouse The Jamestown Glasshouse is located in Jamestown, Virginia, between Jamestown Island, the location of the first permanent English settlement in North America, and Jamestown Settlement. It is currently a part of the Colonial National Historical Park, and associated with Historic Jamestowne, and located near the Colonial Parkway. The original glasshouse was built soon after the first glassblowers, Germans Poles, arrived in Jamestown in 1608. A series of small furnaces were built in the area near the current exhibit. A small crew of glassblowers and laborers not only chopped down hardwood trees for fueling the furnace (sometimes requiring up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18809370",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nevents in American history: the first meeting of the Virginia House of Burgesses, the arrival of the first Africans to English North America, and the first Thanksgiving. Attribution: Jamestown, Virginia The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the east bank of the Powhatan (James) River about southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg. William Kelso writes that Jamestown \"\"is where the British Empire began\"\". It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"\"James Fort\"\" on May 4, 1607 O.S.;(May 14, 1607 N.S.), and was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17846670",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestowne Society\"\nJamestowne Society Jamestowne Society is an organization founded in 1936 by George Craghead Gregory for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to the year 1700. In May 1607, Jamestown was established as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States, following several earlier failed attempts. It was founded by the London branch of the Virginia Company, which was competing with the Plymouth branch to settle the Colony of Virginia. Jamestown was the capital of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11420570",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nbrought by Captain Newport. These were: Matthew Scrivener (First Supply), and Peter Winne (Second Supply). On October 1, 1608, 70 new settlers arrived aboard the English \"\"Mary and Margaret\"\" with the Second Supply, following a journey of approximately three months. Included in the Second Supply were Thomas Graves, Thomas Forrest, Esq and \"\"Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras her maide.\"\" Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras were the first two women known to have come to the Jamestown Colony. Remains unearthed at Jamestown in 1997 may be those of Mistress Forrest. Also included were the first non-English settlers. The company recruited these",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17846673",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestowne Society\"\ntime a member joins. In 1958, the Society was formally organized as a non-profit corporation under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (1954, as amended). It frequently holds meetings and events. (Partial list) Jamestowne Society Jamestowne Society is an organization founded in 1936 by George Craghead Gregory for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to the year 1700. In May 1607, Jamestown was established as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10875932",
"chunk_text": "\"History of women in the United States\"\nsexuality as metaphors for national, religious, and racial differences. Jamestown, the first English settlement in America, was established in 1607 in what is now Virginia. The first women to arrive in Jamestown, (known in the ship's manifest as) Mistress Forrest, wife of Thomas Forrest, Esq and her fourteen-year-old maid, Anne Burras, arrived in late 1608. In December 1608 Anne Burras married a carpenter and laborer named John Laydon in the first wedding ceremony held in Jamestown, and in 1609 they had a child named Virginia Laydon (not to be confused with Virginia Dare), who was the first child born in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18012049",
"chunk_text": "\"Captain Thomas Graves\"\nCaptain Thomas Graves Thomas Graves (c. 1580-1635) was one of the original Adventurers (stockholders) of the Virginia Company of London, and one of the very early Planters (settlers) who founded Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also the first known person named Graves in North America. Captain Thomas Graves is listed as one of the original Adventurers as \"\"Thomas Grave\"\" on page 364, \"\"Records of the Virginia Company of London\"\", vol. IV. Graves arrived in Virginia in October 1608 on the ship \"\"Mary and Margaret\"\" with Captain Christopher Newport's second supply. He paid 25",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17095879",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nagency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Spain, Portugal, and France moved quickly to establish a presence in the New World, while other European countries moved more slowly. The English did not attempt to found colonies until many decades after the explorations of John Cabot, and early efforts were failures—most notably the Roanoke Colony which vanished about 1590. Late in 1606, English colonizers set sail with a charter from the London Company to establish a colony in the New World. The fleet consisted of the ships \"\"Susan Constant\"\", \"\"Discovery\"\", and \"\"Godspeed\"\", all under the leadership of Captain Christopher Newport. They made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12007342",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Glasshouse\"\nthe art and history of glassblowing at Jamestown. The glass they make is available for purchase via \"\"Jamestown Glass\"\", the gift shop, on site or online. Additional interpreters are available to answer questions. Jamestown Glasshouse The Jamestown Glasshouse is located in Jamestown, Virginia, between Jamestown Island, the location of the first permanent English settlement in North America, and Jamestown Settlement. It is currently a part of the Colonial National Historical Park, and associated with Historic Jamestowne, and located near the Colonial Parkway. The original glasshouse was built soon after the first glassblowers, Germans Poles, arrived in Jamestown in 1608. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13410266",
"chunk_text": "\"Historic Jamestowne\"\nto cope with disease led to the \"\"starving time\"\", which only 60 colonists survived. The colony was resupplied with new colonists, and over the next several decades became the center of government for the English colonists, and a port town for additional arrivals from England to the new land, with about 500 people living in or around it at its peak. Jamestown was the capital of the Virginia Colony, and saw Bacon's Rebellion in 1676, led to the burning down of most of Jamestown, but the town was rebuilt. After an accidental second burning in 1698, the capital was relocated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4537515",
"chunk_text": "\"Roanoke Island\"\nat the Tillett Site at \"\"Wanchese\"\" have revealed evidence of various cultures dating back to 8000 BC. \"\"Wanchese\"\" was used as a seasonal fishing village for 1500 years before English colonial settlement. Ancestors of the Algonquian-speaking Roanoke coalesced as a people in about 400. Roanoke Island was the site of the Roanoke Colony, an English settlement initially established in 1585 by Sir Walter Raleigh. A group of about 120 men, women and children arrived in 1587. Shortly after arriving in this New World, colonist Eleanor Dare, daughter of Governor John White, gave birth to Virginia Dare. She was the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8803366",
"chunk_text": "\"John Smith (explorer)\"\nJohn Smith (explorer) John Smith (baptized. 6 January 1580 – 21 June 1631) was an English soldier, explorer, colonial governor, Admiral of New England, and author. He played an important role in the establishment of the Jamestown colony, the first permanent English settlement in North America, in the early 17th century. Smith was a leader of the Virginia Colony based at Jamestown between September 1608 and August 1609, and led an exploration along the rivers of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay, during which he became the first English explorer to map the Chesapeake Bay area. Later, he explored and mapped",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16603011",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Settlement\"\nJamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement is a living history museum operated by the Commonwealth of Virginia, created in 1957 as Jamestown Festival Park for the 350th anniversary celebration. Today it includes a recreation of the original James Fort (c. 1607 to 1614), a Powhatan Indian Village, indoor and outdoor displays, and replicas of the original settlers' ships the \"\"Susan Constant\"\", \"\"Godspeed\"\", and \"\"Discovery\"\". It is located adjacent to the Colonial National Historical Park site, which includes Jamestown, the first successful English settlement on the mainland of North America, founded on May 14, 1607. It is also adjacent and complementary to Historic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4311607",
"chunk_text": "\"Christopher Newport\"\nChristopher Newport Christopher Newport (1561–1617) was an English seaman and privateer. He is best known as the captain of the \"\"Susan Constant\"\", the largest of three ships which carried settlers for the Virginia Company in 1607 on the way to found the settlement at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony, which became the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also in overall command of the other two ships on that initial voyage, in order of their size, the \"\"Godspeed\"\" and the \"\"Discovery\"\". He made several voyages of supply between England and Jamestown; in 1609, he became Captain of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3446967",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nof Black people in colonial America. These colonists were freemen and indentured servants. At this time the slave trade between Africa and the English colonies had not yet been established. Records from 1623 and 1624 listed the African inhabitants of the colony as servants, not slaves. In the case of William Tucker, the first Black person born in the colonies, freedom was his birthright. He was son of \"\"Antony and Isabell\"\", a married couple from Angola who worked as indentured servants for Captain William Tucker whom he was named after. Yet, court records show that at least one African had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18804656",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nindentured servants, but they became slaves as time went on. The modern conception of slavery in the United States was formalized in 1640 (the John Punch hearing) and was fully entrenched in Virginia by 1660. The London Company's second settlement in Bermuda claims to be the site of the oldest \"\"town\"\" in the English New World, as St. George's, Bermuda was officially established in 1612 as New London, whereas James Fort in Virginia was not converted into James Towne until 1619, and further did not survive to the present day. In 1676, Jamestown was deliberately burned during Bacon's Rebellion, though",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12901525",
"chunk_text": "\"Starving Time\"\ncommercialization of tobacco by John Rolfe secured the settlement's long-term economic prosperity. There is scientific evidence that the settlers at Jamestown had turned to cannibalism during the starving time. The English settlement at Jamestown had been established on May 24, 1607, with the arrival of three ships commanded by Captain Christopher Newport. The initial small group of 104 men and boys chose the location because it was favorable for defensive purposes, but it offered poor hunting prospects and a shortage of drinking water. Although they did some farming, few of the original settlers were accustomed to manual labor or familiar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12167072",
"chunk_text": "Virginia\nColony's boundaries. The London Company was incorporated as a joint stock company by the proprietary Charter of 1606, which granted land rights to this area. The company financed the first permanent English settlement in the \"\"New World\"\", Jamestown. Named for King James I, it was founded in May 1607 by Christopher Newport. In 1619, colonists took greater control with an elected legislature called the House of Burgesses. With the bankruptcy of the London Company in 1624, the settlement was taken into royal authority as an English crown colony. Life in the colony was perilous, and many died during the Starving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17095886",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nas \"\"Capahosick\"\" where they would make metal tools for him as members of his Confederacy, but this never happened. The first explorers had been welcomed by the Indians with dancing, feasting, and tobacco ceremonies. Despite the hospitality of Wahunsenacawh, the presence of the English settlers and perhaps a further expedition up the James River by Captain Christopher Newport provoked the Paspahegh, Weyanock, and other groups to mount a series of attacks on the fort during a period of violence lasting from May 27 to July 14, 1607. Two-thirds of the settlers died before ships arrived in 1608 with supplies and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4041688",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nman. He married the young Virginia Indian woman Pocahontas on April 24, 1614. They lived first across the river from Jamestown, and later at his Varina Farms plantation near Henricus. Their son, Thomas Rolfe, was born in 1615. In 1611, the Virginia Company of London sent Sir Thomas Dale to act as deputy-governor or as high marshall for the Virginia Colony under the authority of Thomas West (Lord Delaware). He arrived at Jamestown on May 19 with three ships, additional men, cattle, and provisions. Finding the conditions unhealthy and greatly in need of improvement, he immediately called for a meeting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13941938",
"chunk_text": "\"Anne Burras\"\nAnne Burras Anne Burras was an early English settler in Virginia and an Ancient Planter. She was the first English woman to marry in the New World, and her daughter Virginia Laydon was the first child of English colonists to be born in the Jamestown colony. Anne Burras arrived in Jamestown on September 30, 1608 on the \"\"Mary and Margaret\"\", the ship bringing the Second Supply. She came as a 14-year-old maid to Mrs. Thomas Forrest. In November or December 1608, Anne married John Laydon/Layton/Leyden. The Laydons had four daughters, Virginia, Alice, Katherine, and Margaret. All six members of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2799738",
"chunk_text": "\"Colony of Virginia\"\nColony of Virginia The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colony in North America, following failed proprietary attempts at settlement on Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey Gilbert in 1583, and the subsequent further south Roanoke Island (modern eastern North Carolina) by Sir Walter Raleigh in the late 1580s. The founder of the new colony was the Virginia Company, with the first two settlements in Jamestown on the north bank of the James River and Popham Colony on the Kennebec River in modern-day Maine, both in 1607. The Popham colony quickly failed due",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11053063",
"chunk_text": "\"Grove, Virginia\"\nfrom Grove. By the mid-17th century, the English had forced Native Americans remaining in the area on to reservations north of the York River. By working and living together, some had assimilated into the general population of European colonists and freed slaves of African heritage. Over the decades, white indentured servant women, African men, and few Indians married and created free mixed-race populations before the American Revolution. Initially, the English of the Virginia Company of London chose Jamestown for their first settlement of the Virginia Colony. They arrived in 1607 in a fleet of three ships commanded by Christopher Newport.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16448859",
"chunk_text": "\"Henry Spelman of Jamestown\"\nHenry Spelman of Jamestown Henry Spelman (1595–1623) was an English adventurer, soldier, and author, the son of Erasmus Spelman and nephew to Sir Henry Spelman of Congham (1562–1641). The younger Henry Spelman was born in 1595, and left his home in Norfolk, England at age 14 to sail to Virginia Colony aboard the ship \"\"Unity\"\", as a part of the Third Supply to the Jamestown Colony in 1609. He is remembered for writing the \"\"Relation of Virginia\"\", documenting the first permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and particularly the lifestyles of the Native Americans of the Powhatan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3446947",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nthe first group of whom had originally arrived at Jamestown on May 14, 1607, had never planned to grow all of their own food. Instead, their plans also depended upon trade with the local Virginia Indians to supply them with enough food between the arrival of periodic supply ships from England, upon which they also relied. This period of extreme hardship for the colonists began in 1609 with a drought which caused their already limited farming activities to produce even fewer crops than usual. Then, there were problems with both of their other sources for food. An unexpected delay occurred",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8712831",
"chunk_text": "\"Elanor Allerton\"\nElanor Allerton Elanor Allerton (born March 30, 1639) was a notable colonist who became a victim of the Indian attacks around the original Jamestown settlement in the time leading up to Bacon's Rebellion. She became an important figure in history when her diary was discovered during the excavation of Jamestown. Elanor was born in Whitby, England out of wedlock to John Allerton and Margaret Smith in 1639. John Allerton fled Holland in 1635 due to an outbreak of the Bubonic Plague. When he reached England, he entered into a brief affair with Margaret Smith and began to restart his shipbuilding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14166794",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown supply missions\"\nsupplies quickly ran low, and although Native Americans brought some food, Smith wrote that \"\"more than half of us died\"\". Newport and the ships arrived back in London on May 21, 1608, and despite another disappointment with false gold, an additional re-supply trip was quickly organized. Urgently needed supplies and 70 new settlers (see list below) were gathered, including Thomas Graves, Thomas Forrest and Forrest's wife \"\"Mistress Forrest and Anne Burras her maide\"\" (the first women known to have come to Jamestown). Also included were the first non-English settlers. The Company recruited these as skilled craftsmen and industry specialists: soap-ash,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8712838",
"chunk_text": "\"Elanor Allerton\"\ncolonist that felt unsafe from Indian attacks. Elanor Allerton Elanor Allerton (born March 30, 1639) was a notable colonist who became a victim of the Indian attacks around the original Jamestown settlement in the time leading up to Bacon's Rebellion. She became an important figure in history when her diary was discovered during the excavation of Jamestown. Elanor was born in Whitby, England out of wedlock to John Allerton and Margaret Smith in 1639. John Allerton fled Holland in 1635 due to an outbreak of the Bubonic Plague. When he reached England, he entered into a brief affair with Margaret",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13941940",
"chunk_text": "\"Anne Burras\"\nin lieu of 100 acres in the Island of Henrico\"\". No proof has been found of the marriage of any of the four daughters, though it has been suggested, on the basis of land records, that one daughter may have married John Hewitt or Howitt. Anne Burras Anne Burras was an early English settler in Virginia and an Ancient Planter. She was the first English woman to marry in the New World, and her daughter Virginia Laydon was the first child of English colonists to be born in the Jamestown colony. Anne Burras arrived in Jamestown on September 30, 1608",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18012053",
"chunk_text": "\"Captain Thomas Graves\"\nAnn, Verlinda, Katherine and Francis. His daughter, Verlinda, eventually married governor of Maryland, William Stone. Captain Thomas Graves Thomas Graves (c. 1580-1635) was one of the original Adventurers (stockholders) of the Virginia Company of London, and one of the very early Planters (settlers) who founded Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also the first known person named Graves in North America. Captain Thomas Graves is listed as one of the original Adventurers as \"\"Thomas Grave\"\" on page 364, \"\"Records of the Virginia Company of London\"\", vol. IV. Graves arrived in Virginia in October 1608",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8574277",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Polish craftsmen\"\nJamestown Polish craftsmen The Polish craftsmen in the Jamestown Colony first arrived in 1609 with Captain John Smith to serve in essential industries in the New World. They are generally considered the first Polish and Slovak Americans. The first Polish immigrants came to the Jamestown colony in 1608, twelve years before the Pilgrims arrived in Massachusetts. These early settlers were brought as skilled artisans by the English soldier–adventurer Captain John Smith, and included a glass blower, a pitch and tar maker, a soap maker and a timberman. English writer Richard Hakluyt wrote in 1586 that colonization would require \"\"men skillful",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9978029",
"chunk_text": "\"Women of Colonial Virginia\"\nWomen of Colonial Virginia In May of 1607 one hundred men and young boys were on an expedition that landed them in what is now known as Virginia. They became the first permanent English settles in America. They named the colony of Jamestown after the English King James I. The site was chosen precisely for its location and beneficial factors. Jamestown was surrounded by water on three sides of the land; this made it easily accessible for ships to come and go. It was far enough inland which made it easier to defend from a possible Spanish attack. Lastly, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17095876",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown, Virginia\"\nas the \"\"Starving Time\"\". The Virginia Company brought eight Polish and German colonists in 1608 in the Second Supply, some of whom built a small glass factory—although the Germans and a few others soon defected to the Powhatans with weapons and supplies from the settlement. The Second Supply also brought the first two European women to the settlement. In 1619, the first documented Africans came to Jamestown—about 50 men, women, and children aboard a Portuguese slave ship that had been captured in the West Indies and brought to the Jamestown region. They most likely worked in the tobacco fields as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20222419",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Church\"\nEdwin Maria Wingfield, William Claiborne (treasurer of the colony), John Pott (a physician), and the first poet in America, George Sandys. The introduction of common law is also memorialized on one of the plaques. The restored furnishings of the chancel were of seventeenth-century design, although no specific models were used. In July 2015, the remains of four early figures of the colony were identified by the Jamestown Rediscovery/Smithsonian team in the chancel area of Churches 1-2. The four have been tentatively identified as Rev. Robert Hunt (thought to be the first Anglican minister in the Americas); Capt. Gabriel Archer; Sir",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4041655",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nThe Discovery was the smallest ship; the largest ship, the Susan Constant, was captained by Christopher Newport. The ships left Blackwall, now part of London, with 105 men and boys and 39 crew-members. By April 6, 1607, \"\"Godspeed\"\", \"\"Susan Constant\"\" and \"\"Discovery\"\" arrived at the Spanish colony of Puerto Rico, where they stopped for provisions before continuing their journey. In April 1607, the expedition reached the southern edge of the mouth of what is now known as the Chesapeake Bay. After an unusually long journey of more than four months, the 104 men and boys (one passenger of the original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4041693",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nwas born in 1650. Many of the First Families of Virginia trace their lineage through Thomas Rolfe to both Pocahontas and John Rolfe, joining English and Virginia Indian heritage. Virginia's population grew rapidly from 1618 until 1622, rising from a few hundred to nearly 1,400 people. Wheat was also grown in Virginia starting in 1618. On June 30, 1619 Slovak and Polish artisans conducted the first labor strike (first \"\"in American history\"\") for democratic rights (\"\"No Vote, No Work\"\") in Jamestown. The British Crown overturned the legislation in the Virginia House of Burgesses in its first meeting and granted the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4182824",
"chunk_text": "\"Hampton Roads\"\nimpassable directly by modern trains; the two bridge-tunnel facilities operated by VDOT accommodate only highway traffic). The Historic Triangle is located on the Virginia Peninsula and includes the colonial communities of Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown. The sites are linked by a scenic roadway, the National Park Service's Colonial Parkway. The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was established by the Virginia Company of London as \"\"James Fort\"\" on May 4, 1607, and was considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts, including the Lost Colony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14110650",
"chunk_text": "Henricus\nis interpreted via Henricus Historical Park, a living history museum. Henricus was one of the earliest English settlements in the New World. It was located on the James River, a few miles southeast of the modern city of Richmond, Virginia. At the time, the First Anglo-Powhatan War was raging, and the natives offered much resistance to the English encroachment, largely orchestrated by native captain Nemattanew — or as the English garrison knew him, \"\"Jack-of-the-Feather\"\". Prior to the development of Richmond, Henricus was one of the westernmost outlying developments from the Colony of Virginia's fortified capital downriver at Jamestown. In 1612–1613,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4041685",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nVirginian general George Washington called upon the people of Bermuda for aid during the American War of Independence). In 1613, Sir Thomas Dale founded the settlement of Bermuda Hundred on the James River, which, a year later, became the first incorporated town in Virginia. By 1611, a majority of the colonists who had arrived at the Jamestown settlement had died and its economic value was negligible with no active exports to England and very little internal economic activity. Only financial incentives including a promise of more land to the west from King James I to investors financing the new colony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16679568",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Island\"\nPowhatan's death in 1618, hostilities with colonists escalated under his brother, Opechancanough. His large-scale attacks in 1622 and 1644 met strong reprisals by the English, resulting in the near elimination of both the settlement and the tribe. After Bacon's rebellion, Jamestown lasted until 1699, when it was abandoned in favor of a new site at Williamsburg. By the early 20th century, the isthmus connecting the landform to Glasshouse Point had eroded, making it a proper island. Today, most of the island is a part of Colonial National Historical Park, including Historic Jamestowne. The rediscovery of the James Fort in 1996",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1053831",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown supply missions\"\n\"\"Diamond\"\", \"\"Falcon\"\", and \"\"Unitie\"\" soon returned to England on October 14, 1609, to advise of Jamestown's plight carrying Captain Samuel Argall, an injured John Smith, and 30 young men sent from England but rejected by the colony. However, no further supply ships from England arrived that year, nor the following spring. In the absence of strong leadership, and most of the supplies, all of which had been aboard \"\"Sea Venture\"\", the existing and newly-brought settlers at James Fort were ill-prepared to survive the winter, resulting in the siege and \"\"Starving Time\"\" of 1609-1610, when most of the inhabitants perished. During",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12292335",
"chunk_text": "\"Cape Henry\"\nestablished Jamestown on an island for protection offshore from the north shore further upstream on the James River which became the first permanent English settlement in North America. The following year of 1608, Captain John Smith took a crew with a small boat outfitted with a sail and proceeded north up the Chesapeake Bay exploring and mapping its coasts and rivers, creeks and bays up to the later named Susquehanna River which fed the Bay. In 1781, the waters off of these Virginia Capes and the entrance to the Chesapeake and Hampton Roads harbor were the site of an important",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4041673",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nwere residing at Passapatanzy, a village of the Patawomecks, a Powhatan Confederacy tribe which did some trading with Powhatans. They lived in present-day Stafford County on the Potomac River near Fredericksburg, about from Werowocomoco. She was abducted by Englishmen whose leader was Samuel Argall, and transported about south to the English settlement at Henricus on the James River. There, Pocahontas converted to Christianity and took the name \"\"Rebecca\"\" under the tutelage of Reverend Alexander Whitaker who had arrived in Jamestown in 1611. She married prominent planter John Rolfe, who had lost his first wife and child in the journey from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16603012",
"chunk_text": "\"Jamestown Settlement\"\nJamestowne on Jamestown Island, run by the National Park Service and Preservation Virginia, being the archaeological site where the first settlers lived. The Colonial Parkway connects all of these sites. Late in the 19th century, Jamestown became the focus of renewed historical interest and efforts at preservation. In 1893, a portion of the island was donated to Preservation Virginia for that purpose, including the ruined church tower. In the early 1900s, a seawall was constructed with the intention of preserving the site around the original \"\"James Fort\"\", even though the actual location of the original 1607 fort was thought to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7672790",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99)\"\nHistory of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–99) Jamestown was the first settlement of the Virginia Colony, founded in 1607, and served as capital of Virginia until 1690, when the seat of government was moved to Williamsburg. This article covers the history of the fort and town at Jamestown proper, as well as colony-wide trends resulting from and affecting the town during the time period in which it was capital. The London Company sent an expedition to establish a settlement in the Virginia Colony in December 1606. The expedition consisted of three ships, \"\"Susan Constant\"\" (sometimes known as \"\"Sarah Constant\"\"), \"\"Godspeed\"\", and \"\"Discovery\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6743305",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Virginia\"\nHistory of Virginia The History of Virginia begins with documentation by the first Spanish explorers to reach the area in the 1500s, when it was occupied chiefly by Algonquian, Iroquoian, and Siouan peoples. After a failed English attempt to colonize Virginia in the 1580s by Walter Raleigh, permanent English colonization began in Virginia with Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. The Virginia Company colony was looking for gold but failed and the colonists could barely feed themselves. The famine during the harsh winter of 1609 forced the colonists to eat leather from their clothes and boots and resort to cannibalism. The colony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_614
|
who is covering the winter olympics in canada?
|
n/a
|
[
"TLN",
"Rogers Media",
"CBC/Radio-Canada",
"Bell Media"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16936999",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nCanada at the 2018 Winter Olympics Canada competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from February 9 to 25, 2018. It was the nation's 23rd appearance at the Winter Olympics, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1924. Canada competed in all sports disciplines, except Nordic combined. The chef de mission was Isabelle Charest, who was appointed in February 2017. On January 16, 2018, figure skaters Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir were announced as the country's flag bearers during the opening ceremony. This was the first time two athletes were named as Canada's opening ceremony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16937014",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nevents. Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics Canada competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from February 9 to 25, 2018. It was the nation's 23rd appearance at the Winter Olympics, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1924. Canada competed in all sports disciplines, except Nordic combined. The chef de mission was Isabelle Charest, who was appointed in February 2017. On January 16, 2018, figure skaters Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir were announced as the country's flag bearers during the opening ceremony. This was the first time two athletes were named as Canada's opening",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864088",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nCBC Olympic broadcasts The broadcasts of Summer and Winter Olympic Games produced by CBC Sports is shown on CBC Television and heard on CBC's radio networks in Canada. CBC was the broadcaster of the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Olympics. The first telecast of the Olympics on Canadian television was CBC's broadcast of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. CBC aired black-and-white highlights of the previous day's events and aired the Canada vs. Soviet Union hockey game live by leasing a standby circuit from CBS and making CBC's 1st winter Olympics in the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, USA.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4264617",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Brunt\"\nwhich he wrote and performed the voiceover for, which aired just after Canada won Gold in Men's Hockey. The piece was entitled \"\"What these Games mean to Canada\"\" and summed up the Canadian experience during the Olympics. Stephen Brunt Stephen Brunt (born March 20, 1959) is a Canadian sports journalist, well known as a current columnist for \"\"Sportsnet.ca\"\", \"\"Sportsnet\"\", and as co-host to Bob McCown on Prime Time Sports. Born in Hamilton, Ontario, Brunt started at \"\"The Globe\"\" as an arts intern in 1982, after attending journalism school at the University of Western Ontario. He then worked in news, covering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16905289",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Armitage\"\nto work for CBC at 2018 Olympics to call the long track speed skating events. Steve Armitage Steve Armitage (born June 20, 1944) is an English-born Canadian sports reporter formerly with CBC Sports. He has covered such events as \"\"Hockey Night in Canada\"\" for nearly 30 years, the Canadian Football League and Grey Cup for 30 years, the Olympics including speed skating, swimming and diving, and the World Cup. Armitage was born in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, England. He attended Saint Mary's University, Halifax where he played football quarterback. He grew up in Victoria, B.C. and Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Armitage won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864093",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nlike they can the CBC and prefer Canada's Olympics coverage over that of U.S. broadcaster NBC. On August 1, 2012, the CBC announced that it had acquired the Canadian broadcast rights to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi and the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, returning the Games to the broadcaster for the first time since 2008. While financial details were not announced, the CBC did state that it was a \"\"financially and fiscally responsible bid\"\", which would carry on the organization's 60-year history of Olympic broadcasting. The CBC sublicensed coverage of the Games to TSN and Sportsnet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9598478",
"chunk_text": "\"Rob Faulds\"\nRob Faulds Rob Faulds (born September 29, 1955) is a Canadian sportscaster on Sportsnet and host of \"\"Sportsnetnews\"\". Faulds also does play-by-play for National Lacrosse League games. From 2001 to 2004, he did play-by-play for Toronto Blue Jays telecasts on Sportsnet, and has called regional National Hockey League telecasts for the Ottawa Senators and Montreal Canadiens on Sportsnet East. Faulds has also called Canadian football for ESPN and curling for Sportsnet. He worked on CTV's coverage of the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain and the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. On the CTV series \"\"Power Play\"\" (1998–2000), Faulds",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17437876",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the Olympics\"\nWinter Olympics and two more gold medals in 2018 Winter Olympics, making them the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history. Although not an Olympian, broadcaster Richard Garneau covered 23 Olympic Games, more than any other journalist in the world, starting with Rome in 1960 to London in 2012, missing only the Atlanta and Nagano Games. The International Olympic Committee awarded him posthumously the Pierre de Coubertin medal in recognition of his exceptional service to the Olympic movement. Canada at the Olympics Canada has sent athletes to every Winter Olympic Games and almost every Summer Olympic Games since its debut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12949230",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Winter Olympics\"\nSports. Main English-language coverage was shown on the CTV Television Network, while supplementary programming was mainly shown on TSN and Rogers Sportsnet. Main French-language coverage was shown on V and RDS. In the United States, Associated Press (AP) announced that it would send 120 reporters, photographers, editors and videographers to cover the Games on behalf of the country's news media. The cost of their Olympics coverage prompted AP to make a \"\"real departure for the wire service's online coverage\"\". Rather than simply providing content, it partnered with more than 900 newspapers and broadcasters who split the ad revenue generated from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8795322",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium\"\nCanada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium Established in 2007, Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium (legal name \"\"7048467 Canada Inc.\"\", also sometimes referred to informally in branding as CTV Olympics and RDS Olympiques) was a joint venture set up by Canadian media companies Bell Media (formerly CTVglobemedia) and Rogers Media to produce the Canadian broadcasts of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, England, as well as the two corresponding Paralympic Games. Bell owned 80% of the joint venture, and Rogers owned 20%. The consortium encompassed many of the properties owned by both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10628868",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Oake\"\nNight in Canada\"\". Since the 2003–04 season, he has hosted the second game of \"\"HNIC\"\"'s Saturday night double-headers, first alongside Kelly Hrudey, and starting in 2008, Marc Crawford. Even though Oake remains with the CBC after Rogers Communications, the owners of Sportsnet networks bought the sole national rights for the 2014–15 season, Oake joined the Sportsnet's national NHL coverage in June 2014. In addition to his \"\"Hockey Night\"\" role, he gains new role as ice level reporter for Sportsnet's Wednesday night games. Along with hockey, he has covered many important sporting events including the Olympics, Commonwealth Games, CFL football, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "306233",
"chunk_text": "\"Ron MacLean\"\nCBC's Olympics coverage since 1988. He took over as chief anchor following the departure of Brian Williams to CTV/TSN. MacLean was the main sportscaster and host for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing until his mother died, causing him to hand over duties to Scott Russell. In 1993, MacLean served as an ice level reporter for NBC Sports' coverage of the NHL All-Star Game in Montreal. MacLean has also hosted CBC's coverage of the Queen's Plate. Beginning with the 2014–15 NHL season, MacLean was hired by Rogers Media when the company acquired the national rights to the NHL. MacLean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17869623",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Armitage\"\nSteve Armitage Steve Armitage (born June 20, 1944) is an English-born Canadian sports reporter formerly with CBC Sports. He has covered such events as \"\"Hockey Night in Canada\"\" for nearly 30 years, the Canadian Football League and Grey Cup for 30 years, the Olympics including speed skating, swimming and diving, and the World Cup. Armitage was born in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, England. He attended Saint Mary's University, Halifax where he played football quarterback. He grew up in Victoria, B.C. and Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Armitage won the 1982 ACTRA Foster Hewitt Award for Excellence in Sports Broadcasting and he was nominated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12949229",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Winter Olympics\"\nbeen packaged with those for the 2012 Summer Olympics, broadcasters were largely identical for both events. The host broadcaster was Olympic Broadcasting Services Vancouver, a subsidiary of the IOC's new in-house broadcasting unit Olympic Broadcasting Services (OBS). The 2010 Olympics marked the first Games where the host broadcasting facilities were provided solely by OBS. The executive director of Olympic Broadcasting Services Vancouver was Nancy Lee, a former producer and executive for CBC Sports. In Canada, the Games were the first Olympic Games broadcast by a new Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium led by CTVglobemedia and Rogers Media, displacing previous broadcaster CBC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12972692",
"chunk_text": "\"Jay Onrait\"\nmoved to TSN in 2002 and in 2003 began co-hosting SportsCentre alongside Dan O'Toole. In 2006, Onrait began blogging at TSN.ca. Topics have included the Stanley Cup and the NBA, as well as an all-day blog about the NHL trade deadline. His blogs are usually spiced with references to pop culture. In October 2010 he also became the host of the \"\"Sportscentre Morning Rush\"\" on TSN2 until it was taken off the air in October 2011. During the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver Onrait served as co-host of Olympic Morning alongside Beverly Thomson. During the 2012 Summer Olympics in London",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864097",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nThe gains were credited to a strong medal performance by Canada during the first 10 days of the Games, and notable performances by Penny Oleksiak and Andre De Grasse; ratings peaked during the men's 100 metre final, featuring De Grasse and world record holder Usain Bolt, which was seen by 6.92 million viewers. CBC Olympic broadcasts The broadcasts of Summer and Winter Olympic Games produced by CBC Sports is shown on CBC Television and heard on CBC's radio networks in Canada. CBC was the broadcaster of the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Olympics. The first telecast of the Olympics on Canadian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15136541",
"chunk_text": "\"Le Voyageur\"\na correspondent covering the 2010 Winter Olympics for over 250 francophone newspapers and radio stations across Canada. In 2011, the paper was purchased from its prior owners, Carole Dubé and Réjean Grenier, by Le5 Communications, the owner of the city's francophone radio station CHYC-FM. The transaction also made it a sister publication to \"\"L'Express de Timmins\"\", which was launched by Le5 in 2010. In 2013, Le5 merged the two publications into an expanded region-wide newspaper, covering Sudbury, Timmins, Chapleau, Wawa, Cochrane, Iroquois Falls, Kapuskasing, Hearst, West Nipissing, French River and the Timiskaming region, under the banner \"\"Le Voyageur — La",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8795328",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium\"\nOlympics. Esaw also brought the 1964 Winter Olympics to CTV. Production of the broadcasting for the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, which costs NOK 462 million, was the responsibility of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), with assistance from CTV and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). NRK had 1,424 people working at the Olympics, while international broadcasters sent an additional 4,050 accredited broadcasting personnel. The transmission rights for the games were held by EBU in Europe, CBS in the United States, NHK in Japan, CTV in Canada, the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union, Nine Network in Australia, as well as other broadcasters",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20684785",
"chunk_text": "\"Darren Dutchyshen\"\nDarren Dutchyshen Darren \"\"Dutchy\"\" Dutchyshen (born December 19, 1966) is a Canadian sportscaster, who cohosts the evening edition of \"\"SportsCentre\"\" on TSN where he has worked since 1995. He reports on the Canadian Football League (CFL) during the football season. Dutchy was born in Regina, Saskatchewan and grew up in Porcupine Plain, Saskatchewan. He graduated from the Western Academy Broadcasting College in Saskatoon, and went on to stints at STV and Global Edmonton before his current assignment. Dutchy has worked on primetime reporting for TSN on the Olympic Games in 2012 (London) and the 2010 Olympic Winter Games. In 2008,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20751291",
"chunk_text": "\"Vic Rauter\"\nVic Rauter Victor \"\"Vic\"\" Rauter (born 1955) is a Canadian sportscaster for The Sports Network (TSN) since 1985. He has covered mostly auto racing, curling, and soccer since 1986 as well as hockey, baseball, bowling, squash, volleyball, cycling, equestrian and skiing. He was the first host for the CFL on TSN from 1987–1991. Before joining TSN, he was a sportscaster at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in Toronto covering the Olympic Games. He also worked for CFTR radio in Toronto as a news and sports reader before joining the Global Television Network in Toronto for four years. In 1999, he was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12790389",
"chunk_text": "\"Gene Principe\"\nof puns. Gene Principe Gene Principe (born February 26, 1967) is a Canadian sports reporter for Sportsnet. Principe began his broadcasting career in 1987 when he was a videographer at CFRN in Edmonton, later moving to CKND-TV in Winnipeg (now a part of the Global Television Network), where he worked as a sports reporter and co-anchor on the station's nightly half-hour sportscast. Principe is now best known for his work on Sportsnet's Edmonton Oilers broadcasts. He also worked on the men's hockey broadcast team for Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium at the 2010 Winter Olympics. Principe is well known for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19473839",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris Cuthbert\"\nChris Cuthbert Chris Cuthbert (born September 20, 1957) is a Canadian play-by-play sportscaster for Bell Media's TSN cable network, and for the American television network NBC on \"\"NHL on NBC\"\". Formerly, he worked for CBC Sports in a multitude of roles. He was lead play-by-play voice for Ice hockey at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada for CTV, where he worked alongside Pierre McGuire. He also called the bronze medal match between Canada and the Czech Republic at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, alongside Ray Ferraro, as well as the gold medal match between Russia and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16006144",
"chunk_text": "\"Sara Orlesky\"\nOrlesky reported on figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics. When TSN opened its Winnipeg bureau, Orlesky became the lead reporter. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Orlesky graduated from Shaftesbury High School, Winnipeg. Sara Orlesky Sara Orlesky (born July 31, 1980) is a Canadian sports reporter at The Sports Network. In 2008, \"\"The Globe and Mail\"\" newspaper described her as \"\"among the top young female sports broadcasters in Canada.\"\" Orlesky was hired in November 2007 and joined TSN in January 2008 as a sports reporter in Toronto. Prior to working at TSN, Orlesky lived in Vancouver, British Columbia where she reported",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16937000",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nflag bearer. On February 24, 2018, short track speed skater Kim Boutin was named the flag bearer for the closing ceremony. Instead of setting a specific medal count as a target, the Canadian Olympic Committee aimed \"\"to contend for No. 1\"\" in the medal count. Private data analytics company Gracenote projected that the Canadian team would win 28 medals. Canada finished with 11 gold medals and 29 overall (ranking 3rd in both categories). This was the most successful Canadian performance in terms of overall medals, surpassing the 26 won at the 2010 Winter Olympics. For the first time since its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10628869",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Oake\"\nmany other sports. He won the 2003 \"\"Best Host or Interviewer in a Sports Program or Sportscast\"\" Gemini Award. In 2004, he hosted the hockey docudrama \"\"\"\". During his career, Oake has covered a total of 12 Olympic games for the CBC, including the 2008 Beijing Games where he did play-by-play for flatwater canoeing and rowing events. Oake has covered downhill skiing at every Winter Olympics from Calgary in 1988 to Sochi in 2014. Oake currently lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He and his wife Anne have a son, Darcy, who is a popular illusionist with experience in multi-media performances. Darcy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5014993",
"chunk_text": "\"Perdita Felicien\"\nto school to study journalism, and was a writer/reporter with \"\"CHCH\"\" News in Hamilton, Ontario. She was part of the broadcasting team for the Toronto 2015 PanAm Games coverage. In 2018, Felicien joined the CBC broadcast team as a host during the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang in South Korea. Perdita is a proud supporter of Count Me In, the largest youth-run organization in Canada. She spoke to at the 2013 Count Me In Conference in Toronto, inspiring thousands of students to get involved in their communities through volunteerism. Perdita is also an active ambassador for Right To Play. 2011 2010",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6407376",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Winter Olympics\"\nbillion contract with NBCUniversal, extending its broadcast rights to the Olympic Games through 2020. In Canada, after losing the 2010 and 2012 Games to Bell Media and Rogers Media, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation re-gained broadcast rights to the Olympics for the first time since 2008, gaining rights to the 2014 and 2016 Games. Bell and Rogers sub-licensed pay-TV rights for their TSN, Sportsnet and Réseau des sports networks, as well as TVA Group's TVA Sports. In Australia, after all three major commercial networks pulled out of bidding on rights to both the 2014 and 2016 Games due to cost concerns,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14208146",
"chunk_text": "\"Gene Principe\"\nGene Principe Gene Principe (born February 26, 1967) is a Canadian sports reporter for Sportsnet. Principe began his broadcasting career in 1987 when he was a videographer at CFRN in Edmonton, later moving to CKND-TV in Winnipeg (now a part of the Global Television Network), where he worked as a sports reporter and co-anchor on the station's nightly half-hour sportscast. Principe is now best known for his work on Sportsnet's Edmonton Oilers broadcasts. He also worked on the men's hockey broadcast team for Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium at the 2010 Winter Olympics. Principe is well known for the use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14423439",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Sports\"\nCBC's sports coverage is now largely restricted to Olympic sports and the Olympics proper, other amateur events, as well as the Calgary Stampede and show jumping from Spruce Meadows. CBC has maintained partial rights to the NHL as part of a sub-licensing agreement with current rightsholder Rogers Communications (maintaining the Saturday-night \"\"Hockey Night in Canada\"\" and playoff coverage), although this coverage is produced by Sportsnet, as opposed to the CBC itself as was the case in the past. The majority of CBC's sports coverage is broadcast by CBC Television on weekends under the blanket title \"\"Road to the Olympic Games\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9354390",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Hughson\"\nClassic, and the Stanley Cup Finals. He also called men's ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. His partner on the top broadcast team was his former Sportsnet partner Craig Simpson and, until 2016, former NHL goaltender Glenn Healy. In October 2014, Hughson re-joined Sportsnet, as its parent company Rogers Communications had acquired sole national television rights to the NHL in Canada, taking effect as of the 2014-15 season. Hughson, Simpson and, until 2016, Healy remain the lead commentary crew for \"\"HNIC\"\" (which remains on CBC as part of a sub-licensing deal), but may now also appear",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9608574",
"chunk_text": "\"Caroline Cameron\"\nCentral\"\" with Carly Agro in 2016 and 2017 and with Eric Thomas in 2017 and 2018. Prior to 2016, Cameron provided courtside commentary for Sportsnet's coverage of the Women's Rogers Cup Canadian Open Tennis tournaments in Toronto and Montreal. Since 2016, Cameron has hosted and anchored the Sportsnet daytime coverage of the Rogers Cup Canadian Open (tennis) tournaments. In February 2018, Cameron hosted and called play-by-play for Sportsnet's coverage of Canada v. Croatia in Davis Cup competition. In February 2018, Cameron hosted Sportsnet's \"\"Olympic Morning\"\" in Toronto for morning coverage of the XXIII Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, Korea. Cameron graduated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14203746",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium\"\nin other countries. The total transmission rights price was 350 million United States dollars. For the 2010 Winter Olympics, coverage was as follows: Consortium coverage originated primarily from the Vancouver Convention Centre (the International Broadcast Centre for the 2010 games) as well as Mountain Square in Whistler. The television broadcast was filmed with 39 new Hitachi SK-HD1000 studio/field cameras from Hitachi Kokusai Electric including on-site technical support. The cameras were also used to broadcast the 2012 Summer Olympics. Following the games, portions of CTV's set were re-purposed by its Vancouver affiliate CIVT for its newscasts. English-language coverage was provided by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7406025",
"chunk_text": "\"Nancy Lee (producer)\"\n2000. In 2002, Lee became the first woman to lead a North American broadcast network's negotiating team for the acquisition of a top sports property, when the network renegotiated its contract with the National Hockey League. Nancy Lee (producer) Nancy Lee is a Canadian broadcast sports journalist and producer. Formerly associated with CBC Sports, where she was appointed executive director in 2000, she resigned in 2006 to become the director of broadcast services for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Lee first joined the CBC in 1987, becoming the first woman to work as a full-time national sports reporter on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14203748",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium\"\nconsisted primarily of coverage of the opening ceremonies (live on CTV British Columbia, and on tape delay on the rest of the CTV network and RIS); daily highlights packages split among CTV, TSN and Sportsnet in English (and RDS / RIS in French); and live coverage of all sledge hockey games featuring the Canadian team. Although not originally scheduled, CTV and RDS later added live coverage of the closing ceremonies. Coverage for the 2012 games offered no live television coverage and consisted primarily of 10 late night highlight shows carried on TSN2, Sportsnet One, and RDS2, though rebroadcasts of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13905259",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the Winter Olympics\"\nby a two-woman team, Kaillie Humphries and Heather Moyse won gold medals in Vancouver (2010) and Sochi (2014). In the 2006 Turin games Mellisa Hollingsworth-Richards won Canada's first medal in skeleton and later Duff Gibson became the first Canadian to win a gold medal in skeleton in the men's event. At the 2010 Vancouver games, Jon Montgomery won a gold in the men's event. Curling is one of the most popular sports in Canada, and both the men's and women's teams have won a medal at each of the five Olympics curling has been held at so far. Canadian curlers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17844281",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony\"\nOlympics opening ceremony. In Britain, BBC Two's coverage of the ceremony attracted a peak 3.2 million viewers and an average rating of 2.47 million. BBM Canada ratings for CBC's live, repeat and online broadcasts of the ceremony totalled 6,974 million viewers. In Australia the Ten Network broadcast the ceremony at 3AM EDT. \"\"The Independent\"\"'s Simon Rice found some portions of the ceremony to be \"\"confusing\"\" and other \"\"spectacular\"\", while describing the cauldron lighting as \"\"an unimaginative domino of flames\"\". \"\"The New York Times\"\" review described the proceedings as \"\"sheer pageantry and national pride\"\". Katherine Monk of Canada's Postmedia News described",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14203744",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium\"\nAmerican viewers who resided in or near the Canada–US border and received the CTV signal could watch the game live, but the rest of the United States had to wait for a delayed rebroadcast. In 1974, Johnny Esaw (who anchored CTV's prime time Olympic coverage from 1964–1980) became vice-president of CTV Sports, a position he would hold until his retirement in 1990. He negotiated the host broadcasting rights to the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta. As the main host broadcaster for the 1988 Winter Olympics, the CTV television network paid $45 million for domestic rights to the 1988 Winter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864090",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nYork City where a mobile transmission unit there beamed the pictures to the CBC and CBS networks. On radio Ward Cornell and Thom Benson gave listeners 15-minute reports every evening except Sunday on the CBC's Trans-Canada Network and Doug Smith gave half-hour evening wrap-ups on CBC's Dominion Network. CBC lost their Winter Olympic broadcasting rights to CTV following the 1960 Olympics, but retained their rights to the Summer Olympics. The CBC Television broadcasters for the 1964 Summer games were Ted Reynolds, Dave Cruikshank, Bob McDevitt, Steve Douglas, and Lloyd Robertson. Ward Cornell, Al Hamel, Bob Moir, Don Goodwin, and Bill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "933844",
"chunk_text": "\"Brian Williams (sportscaster)\"\nBrian Williams (sportscaster) Brian Williams, (born July 18, 1946) is a Canadian sportscaster who is best known for his coverage of the Olympic Games. Williams' father was a physician. His father's work caused the Williams family to relocate to such places as Invermere, British Columbia; New Haven, Connecticut; Edmonton, Alberta; Hamilton, Ontario (where he graduated from Westdale Secondary School); Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan and Grand Rapids, Michigan (where he graduated from Aquinas College with a B.A. in history & political science in 1969). After graduating, he spent a year as a teacher at a Grand Rapids school. Williams began his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1211614",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Winter Olympics closing ceremony\"\nVancouver. In comparison, Canada's Governor General Michaëlle Jean had attended the Torino Olympics closing ceremony. In Australia coverage was carried on the Nine Network and Foxtel. In Canada, CTV, Omni Television, Rogers Sportsnet, TSN, RDS and V broadcast the ceremony live. However, there were lengthy commercial breaks during the broadcast, one of which excluded the entrance of the Canadian athletes when returning live. Furthermore, the Canadian broadcast also omitted the men's 50 km classical cross-country medal ceremony and the subsequent Norwegian national anthem. The broadcast was the second-most watched event in Canadian television history, with an estimated 24.5 million people",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864096",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nto professional sports. Rogers Media president Keith Pelley justified the partnership, stating the number of platforms involved would \"\"satisfy the demands\"\" for Olympic content by Canadian viewers. In October 2015, CBC re-branded its weekend sports broadcasts as \"\"Road to the Olympic Games\"\"; the new brand emphasized CBC's year-round broadcasts of sports contested at the Olympics. Also in October 2015, it was announced CBC has secured the rights to the 2022 and 2024 Olympic Games. CBC reported that at least 31.9 million viewers watched a portion of its coverage of the 2016 Summer Olympics, with an average viewership of 2.1 million.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15466809",
"chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Palmer\"\nElizabeth Palmer Elizabeth Palmer is a Canadian television journalist who reports for the United States-based \"\"CBS Evening News\"\" channel. Born in London, England, she was raised in Canada. Palmer graduated with honours in 1976 from the University of British Columbia in English linguistics, and in 1979 from the University of Cardiff, Wales, with a Master of Arts in journalism. After working in regional Canadian journalism, Palmer was a business reporter (1988–90) and then science reporter (1990–94) for the Canadian Broadcasting Company in Toronto. Palmer also presented CBC Radio’s Olympic coverage from the 1988 Winter and Summer Olympic Games. In 1994",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17679403",
"chunk_text": "\"NBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nwere purchasing VPN services to access Canadian IP addresses so they could stream CBC Sports' live coverage instead (which is normally free for those in Canada). This time, some events that traditionally draw higher ratings were first aired live on one of NBC's sister cable networks (such as NBCSN), and then a tape-delayed version was broadcast on NBC in primetime. For coverage of the popular figure skating events, there were two sets of commentators: Terry Gannon, Tara Lipinski and Johnny Weir announced NBCSN's live broadcast; and Tom Hammond, Scott Hamilton and Sandra Bezic anchored the tape-delayed coverage on NBC. Invariably,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16411542",
"chunk_text": "\"Damien Cox\"\nDamien Cox Damien Cox (born August 23, 1961 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a journalist, broadcaster and author based in Toronto. Currently, he writes two columns a week for The Toronto Star, who he has written for since 1985, and was the co-host of Prime Time Sports with Bob McCown on Sportsnet The Fan 590. Cox also writes for Sportsnet.ca on hockey. He has covered the NHL and the Toronto Maple Leafs as a reporter and columnist for over 28 years, as well as the 1998, 2002, 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympics, and many other international hockey events. Cox has worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5022079",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Van Horne\"\nequestrian. Van Horne has broadcast from five Olympic games, including 1988 in Calgary, covering alpine skiing, 2000 in Sydney covering tennis, 2008 in Beijing, assigned to baseball and softball, and 2010 Vancouver, mentoring the commentators from APTN, the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network, and 2018 in PyeongChang covering Ice Dancing for Australian television. Currently Van Horne is pursuing freelance opportunities that include the Calgary Stampede Rodeo, and Rogers Cup women's tennis in Toronto for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Van Horne is also the television co-ordinator at the College of Sports Media. He also hosts \"\"Champions of Conservation\"\" and \"\"Nature Bites\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7844325",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Sports\"\nCBC Sports CBC Sports is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation responsible for English-language sports broadcasting. The CBC's sports programming primarily airs on CBC Television, CBCSports.ca, and CBC Radio One. (The CBC's French-language Radio-Canada network also produces sports programming.) Once the country's dominant sports broadcaster, in recent years it has lost many of its past signature properties – such as the Canadian Football League, Toronto Blue Jays baseball, Canadian Curling Association championships, the Olympic Games for a period, the FIFA World Cup, and the National Hockey League – to the cable specialty channels TSN and Sportsnet. As of 2015,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864094",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\n(which were the main cable networks of the Bell/Rogers consortium) in English, and TVA Sports in French. On October 28, 2014, it was announced that CBC had extended its rights to the Olympics through 2020, and that it would continue its arrangements with Bell Media and Rogers Media to provide production resources and distribute coverage through the TSN and Sportsnet networks. CBC leads production of the telecasts and sells all advertising time, \"\"top-tier\"\" events are reserved primarily for CBC Television, and all events are streamed online on CBC's Olympic microsites. Again, financial details were not disclosed and the bid was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8717584",
"chunk_text": "\"Curling on CBC\"\nCBC aired Olympic curling as part of its Olympic coverage in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2014, and 2018. The announcers for Olympic curling were Don Wittman (1998, 2002 & 2006), Don Duguid (1998), Joan McCusker (2002, 2006, 2014 and 2018), Mike Harris (2002, 2006, 2014, and 2018) and Bruce Rainnie (2006 \"\"as sideline reporter\"\" & 2014 and 2018 \"\"as main commentator\"\"). Curling on CBC CBC Sports covered the sport of curling from 1962 to 2011. The CBC began it curling coverage with the 1962 Macdonald Brier. From 2007 to 2011, it covered the Capital One Grand Slam of Curling. Previously, CBC's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1864092",
"chunk_text": "\"CBC Olympic broadcasts\"\nnewscaster, for \"\"working with the grace and agility of a man hired to stamp grapes in a Sicilian winery.\"\" The CBC almost cancelled their plans for coverage of the 1980 Summer Olympics after Canada took part in the boycott, but decided not to and was represented by nine accreditation cards. Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium, a joint venture between CTVglobemedia (now Bell Media) and Rogers Media, acquired the rights to broadcast the Vancouver-hosted 2010 Winter Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. The move was met with displeasure from Americans close to the border, because they cannot access CTV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2744623",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Landsberg\"\nMichael Landsberg Michael Elliot Landsberg (born July 22, 1957) is a Canadian sports journalist and former host of \"\"Off the Record\"\" for TSN. Landsberg started his national career in 1984 as an anchor on TSN's \"\"SportsDesk\"\", broadcasting more than 5,000 episodes. Landsberg has covered Canadian college football, horse racing, and figure skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. He also hosted the network's coverage of the Dubin Inquiry. In 1997, he received his own show on the network, \"\"Off The Record\"\", which is a talk show on current sports news. He hosted the show until 2015. He is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_615
|
who plays the dad in girl meets world?
|
n/a
|
[
"Ben Savage",
"Cory Matthews"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14774088",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben Savage\"\nBen Savage Bennett Joseph Savage (born September 13, 1980) is an American actor. He played the lead role of Cory Matthews on the ABC sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" (1993–2000) and its Disney Channel sequel series \"\"Girl Meets World\"\" (2014–2017). Savage was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Joanne and Lewis Savage, who were an industrial real estate broker and a consultant. His elder brother is actor/director Fred Savage, and his elder sister is actress/musician Kala Savage. His grandparents were Jewish and from Poland, Ukraine, Germany, and Latvia, and Savage was raised in Reform Judaism. Savage made his film debut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12567967",
"chunk_text": "\"Rider Strong\"\nJune 2009 at Bennington College. Strong began dating actress Alexandra Barreto after they met while filming the 2006 television series \"\"Pepper Dennis\"\". They became engaged in December 2012, and married on October 20, 2013 in Oregon. The couple has one son, Indigo \"\"Indy\"\" Barreto Strong, born in December 2014. Rider Strong Rider King Strong (born December 11, 1979), is an American actor, director, voice actor, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for his role as Shawn Hunter on the 1990s sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" and its 2014 sequel \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". He is also known for his role in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13525254",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Tyler Quinn\"\nAnthony Tyler Quinn Anthony Tyler Quinn (born July 25, 1962) is an American actor best known for his role as Jonathan Turner on \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" from 1994–1997, a role he reprised in 2015 in \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". Anthony Tyler Quinn was born July 25, 1962 in New London, Connecticut. At age 19 Quinn moved to Los Angeles to look for work. He is best known for his stint as high school teacher Mr. Jonathan Turner on the hit ABC sitcom, \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", from 1994 to 1997. Quinn married his high school sweetheart Margaret on June 15th, 1985. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18213615",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Meets World\"\nas Jonathan Turner. On June 5, 2015, it was announced that Matthew Lawrence would reprise his role as Jack Hunter. On April 1, 2016, it was announced that Reginald VelJohnson would guest star in an episode as a police officer, a nod to VelJohnson's previous role in a different \"\"TGIF\"\" sitcom, officer Carl Winslow of \"\"Family Matters\"\". On July 28, 2016, it was announced that Lily Nicksay and Lindsay Ridgeway, both of whom portrayed Morgan Matthews, would appear in the season three finale. On January 4, 2017, the series' writers stated on their group Twitter account that they were informed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6011456",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\nBoy Meets World Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom created and produced by Michael Jacobs and April Kelly. The show aired on the ABC network from September 24, 1993 to May 5, 2000, lasting seven seasons. The show chronicles the everyday events and life-lessons of Cory Matthews (Ben Savage). It also stars Cory's teacher George Feeny (William Daniels), best friend Shawn Hunter (Rider Strong), brother Eric (Will Friedle), and love interest Topanga (Danielle Fishel). The show also features Cory's father Alan (William Russ), mother Amy (Betsy Randle), and sister Morgan (Lily Nicksay), while introducing the characters Angela Moore",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13525255",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Tyler Quinn\"\nhave two children, a daughter named Andie Tyler and a son named Roman Gabriel. Quinn is a Christian. Anthony Tyler Quinn Anthony Tyler Quinn (born July 25, 1962) is an American actor best known for his role as Jonathan Turner on \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" from 1994–1997, a role he reprised in 2015 in \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". Anthony Tyler Quinn was born July 25, 1962 in New London, Connecticut. At age 19 Quinn moved to Los Angeles to look for work. He is best known for his stint as high school teacher Mr. Jonathan Turner on the hit ABC sitcom, \"\"Boy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "644589",
"chunk_text": "\"William Russ\"\nWilliam Russ William Russ (born October 20, 1950) is an American actor and television director. He is perhaps best known for his role as Alan Matthews on the sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" (1993–2000). Russ is also notable for his roles in the television series \"\"Wiseguy\"\", the soap operas \"\"Another World\"\" and \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" and the feature films \"\"The Right Stuff\"\" (1983), \"\"Pastime\"\" (1990) and \"\"American History X\"\" (1998). Russ was born in Portsmouth, Virginia, and is the son of a naval officer. He attended the University of Michigan, where he was a member of the Michigan Cheer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17544594",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Meets World\"\nhis role of Stuart Minkus. On March 18, 2014, it was announced that Rider Strong would reprise his role of Shawn Hunter. On December 3, 2014, it was announced that Will Friedle would reprise his role of Eric Matthews, beginning with the second season, along with William Daniels reprising his role as George Feeny in a larger role. On February 3, 2015, it was announced that Trina McGee would reprise her role as Angela Moore and Blake Clark would reprise his role of Chet Hunter. On April 7, 2015, it was announced that Anthony Tyler Quinn would reprise his role",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8609498",
"chunk_text": "\"Will Friedle\"\nLeague Unlimited, , ThunderCats\"\" and \"\"Mad\"\". He married his girlfriend, Susan Martens, on September 25, 2016 in Connecticut. Will Friedle William Alan Friedle (; born August 11, 1976) is an American actor, writer and comedian. He is best known for his comedic roles, most notably the underachieving elder brother Eric Matthews on the long-running TV sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" from 1993 to 2000. More recently, he has voiced a number of animated characters such as Terry McGinnis/Batman, the title character of \"\"Batman Beyond\"\", and Ron Stoppable of \"\"Kim Possible\"\". He voices Deadpool in \"\"Ultimate Spider-Man\"\" and Star-Lord in the animated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15867528",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jacobs (producer)\"\nnow that is speaking to the audience I have always spoken to and care very much about.\"\" \"\"Girl Meets World\"\" premiered on June 27, 2014 and was picked up for its second season on August 6, 2014 as the number one television show for kids. In 2018, all episodes of Boy Meets World along with Dinosaurs began their run on the streaming service, Hulu. Michael is also the writer or co-writer of the theme songs for \"\"Charles In Charge\"\", \"\"My Two Dads\"\", \"\"The Torkelsons\"\" and \"\"Lost at Home\"\". Michael Jacobs (producer) Michael Jacobs (born June 28, 1955) is an American",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3065531",
"chunk_text": "\"Raising Dad\"\nRaising Dad Raising Dad is an American television sitcom that aired on The WB from October 5, 2001, to May 10, 2002. The series starred Bob Saget, Kat Dennings, Brie Larson, Riley Smith, Beau Wirick and Jerry Adler. and was produced by Albion Productions in association with Paramount Television. Matt Stewart (Saget) is a widower trying to raise his two daughters, Sarah (Dennings) and Emily (Larson), with the help of his live-in father, Sam (Jerry Adler), a former baseball player for the Boston Red Sox. Further complicating matters, Matt works as an English teacher at Sarah's high school. Matt struggles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20608993",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\nSavage and Danielle Fishel reprise their roles as Cory and Topanga. Philadelphia area native Sabrina Carpenter plays Riley's best friend Maya Hart. Several cast members from \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" appear in recurring guest roles. Most prominently: Rider Strong (Shawn Hunter), Will Friedle (Eric Matthews), Danny McNulty (Harley Keiner), Lee Norris (Stuart Minkus), and William Daniels (Mr. Feeny). \"\"Girl Meets World\"\" ran three seasons before being canceled in 2017. Boy Meets World Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom created and produced by Michael Jacobs and April Kelly. The show aired on the ABC network from September 24, 1993 to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7605631",
"chunk_text": "\"Will Friedle\"\nWill Friedle William Alan Friedle (; born August 11, 1976) is an American actor, writer and comedian. He is best known for his comedic roles, most notably the underachieving elder brother Eric Matthews on the long-running TV sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" from 1993 to 2000. More recently, he has voiced a number of animated characters such as Terry McGinnis/Batman, the title character of \"\"Batman Beyond\"\", and Ron Stoppable of \"\"Kim Possible\"\". He voices Deadpool in \"\"Ultimate Spider-Man\"\" and Star-Lord in the animated version of \"\"Guardians of the Galaxy\"\", replacing Chris Cox. He also performed the voices of Doyle in \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14084011",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jacobs (producer)\"\nMichael Jacobs (producer) Michael Jacobs (born June 28, 1955) is an American television creator, writer and producer whose work has appeared on Broadway, Off Broadway, television and film. He is the creator/producer or has written and developed several television series including \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", \"\"Dinosaurs\"\", \"\"Charles in Charge\"\", \"\"My Two Dads\"\", \"\"The Torkelsons\"\" and \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". His television shows have won the Emmy, People's Choice, Parent's Choice, Environmental Media Awards, and more. Jacobs was born June 28, 1955 in Highland Park, New Jersey. Jacobs grew up in New York City, New York; Fort Lauderdale, Florida; and Los Angeles, California.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6011457",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\n(Trina McGee-Davis), Rachel McGuire (Maitland Ward), Jonathan Turner (Anthony Tyler Quinn), Eli Williams (Alex Désert), and Jack Hunter (Matthew Lawrence) during its later seasons. The first season begins with Cory Matthews (Ben Savage) and his best friend Shawn Hunter (Rider Strong), two average sixth-graders. They do not care about schoolwork, despite the efforts of their longtime teacher George Feeny (William Daniels). Initially, their main interest is sports, though later Shawn and then Cory begin to express an interest in girls. This season focuses specifically on Cory's relationships with the other characters in the show. He begins to understand his parents",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5293377",
"chunk_text": "\"William Russ\"\ncrew, and directed one episode, being the only cast member to direct episodes of both \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" and \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". Russ is married to actress Clare Wren and has a daughter and son. His son is currently attending a military school in Waynesboro, Virginia. Russ enjoys downhill skiing and windsurfing. Independent Spirit Awards William Russ William Russ (born October 20, 1950) is an American actor and television director. He is perhaps best known for his role as Alan Matthews on the sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" (1993–2000). Russ is also notable for his roles in the television series \"\"Wiseguy\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17544592",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Meets World\"\nin mid-November 2012 for the lead roles of Riley Matthews, the daughter of Cory and Topanga, Maya, a witty friend of Riley's who has a troubled past, and Elliot, Riley's older brother. By the end of January 2013, Rowan Blanchard and Sabrina Carpenter were cast as Riley and Maya, respectively. Teo Halm was tapped for the role of Elliot in early March. Filming of the pilot began on March 20, 2013, and concluded on March 22, 2013. Rider Strong and Will Friedle made a surprise visit to the set, sparking rumors of a return, or at least a cameo appearance,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4950272",
"chunk_text": "\"Maybe This Time\"\ndating his father, Nick Sr. (Robert Cicchini) though their date did not progress any further unlike their children. The episode \"\"Acting Out\"\" featured Ben Savage, Rider Strong and William Daniels making cameo appearances as Cory Matthews, Shawn Hunter and George Feeny, their characters from Michael Jacobs's other ABC sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\". However, the two series do not exist in the same fictional universe as they appeared in the form of television characters in a fictional episode of \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" being watched by Gracie, who later had a waking dream about them. The series initially entered the Top 20",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8477822",
"chunk_text": "\"William Daniels\"\nfor a production of \"\"The Magnificent Yankee\"\" for the Hallmark Hall of Fame. William Daniels William David Daniels (born March 31, 1927) is an American actor, known for his roles as Dr. Mark Craig in the NBC drama \"\"St. Elsewhere\"\", for which he won two Emmy Awards, and as Mr. Feeny in the ABC sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\". He was president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1999 to 2001. He is also associated with his performances as the father of Benjamin Braddock (Dustin Hoffman) in \"\"The Graduate\"\" (1967), as Howard in \"\"Two for the Road\"\", as John Adams in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9715200",
"chunk_text": "\"Ben Savage\"\nrole of Matthew, son of the Judd Hirsch character, on the comedy series \"\"Dear John\"\" (1988). Then he was one of a family of orphans who con Robert Mitchum into being their guardian in \"\"A Family For Joe\"\" (NBC, 1990). Ben is best known for his role as lead character Cory Matthews on the hit TV sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" from 1993 until 2000. Savage's brother Fred appeared alongside him in one episode of \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", guest starring as a lecherous college professor pursuing Cory's girlfriend. In the following season, Fred directed his brother and the cast of \"\"Boy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17544587",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Meets World\"\nGirl Meets World Girl Meets World is an American comedy television series created by Michael Jacobs and April Kelly that aired on Disney Channel from June 27, 2014 to January 20, 2017. The series is a spinoff of \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" and stars Rowan Blanchard, Ben Savage, Sabrina Carpenter, Peyton Meyer, August Maturo, Danielle Fishel, and Corey Fogelmanis. The series centers around the life of a young teen girl, Riley Matthews, and her friends and family, particularly their school life, in which her father Cory is their history teacher. Riley shares a strong relationship with her best friend Maya Hart,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8382541",
"chunk_text": "\"Rider Strong\"\nRider Strong Rider King Strong (born December 11, 1979), is an American actor, director, voice actor, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for his role as Shawn Hunter on the 1990s sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" and its 2014 sequel \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". He is also known for his role in the 2002 horror film \"\"Cabin Fever\"\" and as the voice of Tom Lucitor in \"\"Star vs. the Forces of Evil\"\". Rider King Strong was born in San Francisco, California, the second of two boys born for Lin (née Warner), a teacher and nutritionist, and King Arthur Strong, a firefighter.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17544589",
"chunk_text": "\"Girl Meets World\"\nseries titled \"\"Girl Meets World\"\", which would center on Cory and Topanga's 12-year-old daughter Riley. The original idea for the series was developed by Corey Marsh, an executive director at Disney Channel, who approached Michael Jacobs, co-creator of \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", to produce a similar series for a new generation of children as executive producer and showrunner. The idea was to create a modern version of the show from a different perspective to the original. On November 26, 2012, it was confirmed by Ben Savage and Danielle Fishel that they would be reprising their roles as Cory Matthews and Topanga",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14874334",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Ritter\"\nJason Ritter Jason Ritter (born February 17, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Kevin Girardi in the television series \"\"Joan of Arcadia\"\", Ethan Haas in \"\"The Class\"\", Sean Walker in the NBC series \"\"The Event\"\", and as the voice of Dipper Pines in \"\"Gravity Falls\"\". He also played the recurring role of Mark Cyr in the NBC television series \"\"Parenthood\"\", for which he received an Emmy Award nomination. In 2017, he starred in the TV comedy series \"\"Kevin (Probably) Saves the World\"\". Ritter was born on February 17, 1980 in Los Angeles, California, to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3065532",
"chunk_text": "\"Raising Dad\"\nto keep his nose out of his daughter's social life while attempting to find his own. Raising Dad Raising Dad is an American television sitcom that aired on The WB from October 5, 2001, to May 10, 2002. The series starred Bob Saget, Kat Dennings, Brie Larson, Riley Smith, Beau Wirick and Jerry Adler. and was produced by Albion Productions in association with Paramount Television. Matt Stewart (Saget) is a widower trying to raise his two daughters, Sarah (Dennings) and Emily (Larson), with the help of his live-in father, Sam (Jerry Adler), a former baseball player for the Boston Red",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8600169",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Suplee\"\nis a Scientologist. Since 2006, he has been married to Brandy Lewis, the younger sister of actress and singer Juliette Lewis. Ethan Suplee Ethan Suplee (born May 25, 1976) is an American film and television actor best known for his roles as Seth Ryan in \"\"American History X\"\", Louie Lastik in \"\"Remember the Titans\"\", Frankie in \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", Randy Hickey in \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\", Toby in \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\", Elwood in \"\"Without a Paddle\"\", and his roles in Kevin Smith films. Suplee was born in Manhattan, the son of Debbie and Bill Suplee (who later played",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19124646",
"chunk_text": "\"Uriah Shelton\"\nthe rebellious son of female nurse and love-interest played by Kiele Sanchez. Uriah Shelton Uriah Shelton (born March 10, 1997) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his television roles, such as playing Jeff Cargill on \"\"The Glades\"\", Josh on the web series \"\"Blue\"\", and Joshua Matthews on \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". Shelton was also the lead in the 2010 film \"\"Lifted\"\". Shelton was born in Dallas, Texas. When he was one month old, his family moved him to Magnolia Springs, Alabama, a small river community about 40 miles south of Mobile. Growing up, Shelton pursued interests in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11146018",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Suplee\"\nEthan Suplee Ethan Suplee (born May 25, 1976) is an American film and television actor best known for his roles as Seth Ryan in \"\"American History X\"\", Louie Lastik in \"\"Remember the Titans\"\", Frankie in \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", Randy Hickey in \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\", Toby in \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\", Elwood in \"\"Without a Paddle\"\", and his roles in Kevin Smith films. Suplee was born in Manhattan, the son of Debbie and Bill Suplee (who later played \"\"Willie the One Eyed Mailman\"\", in \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\"). His parents were actors who met while performing summer stock and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20104991",
"chunk_text": "\"Dad (film)\"\nDad (film) Dad is a 1989 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Gary David Goldberg and starring Jack Lemmon, Ted Danson, Olympia Dukakis, Kathy Baker, Kevin Spacey and Ethan Hawke. It is based on William Wharton's novel of the same name. The original music score was composed by James Horner. The film was produced by Amblin Entertainment and distributed by Universal Pictures. John Tremont (Ted Danson) is a busy executive. He learns during a meeting that his mother has collapsed and been rushed to the hospital. Flying immediately to Los Angeles, he ends up becoming a caretaker of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10811086",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Bakula\"\nScott Bakula Scott Stewart Bakula (; born October 9, 1954) is an American actor, singer and director best known for his lead roles in two science-fiction television series: as Sam Beckett on \"\"Quantum Leap\"\" (for which he received four Emmy Award nominations and a Golden Globe Award), and as Captain Jonathan Archer on \"\"\"\". Bakula starred on the comedy-drama series \"\"Men of a Certain Age\"\", and guest-starred in seasons two and three of NBC's \"\"Chuck\"\" as the title character's father Stephen J. Bartowski. From 2014 to 2015, he played entrepreneur Lynn in the only two seasons of the HBO show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10810406",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Bakula\"\nScott Bakula Scott Stewart Bakula (; born October 9, 1954) is an American actor, singer and director best known for his lead roles in two science-fiction television series: as Sam Beckett on \"\"Quantum Leap\"\" (for which he received four Emmy Award nominations and a Golden Globe Award), and as Captain Jonathan Archer on \"\"\"\". Bakula starred on the comedy-drama series \"\"Men of a Certain Age\"\", and guest-starred in seasons two and three of NBC's \"\"Chuck\"\" as the title character's father Stephen J. Bartowski. From 2014 to 2015, he played entrepreneur Lynn in the only two seasons of the HBO show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20891865",
"chunk_text": "\"Alan Blumenfeld\"\n\"\"In Her Shoes\"\", and \"\"\"\". He was also the voice of Glottis and Boyd Cooper on the cult video-games \"\"Grim Fandango\"\" and \"\"Psychonauts\"\" respectively. Blumenfeld currently lives in L.A. and is still active in theater, film and television acting. He also teaches acting at Pomona College in Claremont, CA. Alan Blumenfeld Alan Blumenfeld (born September 4, 1952) is a veteran American character actor best known for his role in NBC's TV series \"\"Heroes\"\" as Maury Parkman, the telepath father of Matt Parkman played by Greg Grunberg, and as Bob Buss in the telefilm \"\"2gether\"\". He has played Greg Grunberg's father",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14928960",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill Fagerbakke\"\nBill Fagerbakke William Mark Fagerbakke (; born October 4, 1957) is an American actor and voice actor. He is best known for his long-running roles as Patrick Star in the animated series \"\"SpongeBob SquarePants\"\" and Michael \"\"Dauber\"\" Dybinski on the sitcom \"\"Coach\"\". He also appeared in 12 episodes of the sitcom \"\"How I Met Your Mother\"\" as Marshall Eriksen's father Marvin. Fagerbakke, was born in October 4, 1957, in Fontana, California, and moved to Rupert, Idaho, as a youth. He graduated from Minico High School in Rupert in 1975, where he was a three-sport athlete for the Spartans in football,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6011460",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\nthey nearly get into fights with school bullies and in trouble with Mr. Feeny (now their high school principal). Eventually, though Shawn becomes more popular, he maintains his close friendship with the less popular Cory. Shawn’s mother Virna deserts her son and husband Chet (Blake Clark), which upsets Shawn greatly. Chet then leaves to find Virna. After this occurs, Shawn lives briefly with Cory and his parents, but soon figures out that it's just not the right fit for him, and later moves in with Mr. Turner. Cory tries at some points to begin a relationship with Topanga, but this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8477812",
"chunk_text": "\"William Daniels\"\nWilliam Daniels William David Daniels (born March 31, 1927) is an American actor, known for his roles as Dr. Mark Craig in the NBC drama \"\"St. Elsewhere\"\", for which he won two Emmy Awards, and as Mr. Feeny in the ABC sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\". He was president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1999 to 2001. He is also associated with his performances as the father of Benjamin Braddock (Dustin Hoffman) in \"\"The Graduate\"\" (1967), as Howard in \"\"Two for the Road\"\", as John Adams in the 1972 musical film \"\"1776\"\", as Carter Nash in \"\"Captain Nice\"\", and as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5220010",
"chunk_text": "\"John Wesley Shipp\"\nJohn Wesley Shipp John Wesley Shipp (born January 22, 1955) is an American actor known for his various television roles. He played the lead Barry Allen on CBS's superhero series \"\"The Flash\"\" from 1990 to 1991, and Mitch Leery, the title character's father, on the drama series \"\"Dawson's Creek\"\" from 1998 to 2001. Shipp has also played several roles in daytime soap operas including Kelly Nelson on \"\"Guiding Light\"\" from 1980 to 1984, and Douglas Cummings on \"\"As the World Turns\"\" from 1985 to 1986 (which earned him his first Daytime Emmy Award). He portrays both Barry Allen's father, Henry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3002155",
"chunk_text": "\"William Russ\"\non the television sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\". Russ played this role until the series ended in 2000. Russ also directed several episodes of the series during the last three seasons. His other television directing credits include directing one episode of both \"\"Lizzie McGuire\"\" and \"\"Rude Awakening\"\". However, he continued performing in other series and films throughout his time on \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", primarily television films. In 1998, he performed as Danny and Derek Vinyard's father in the critically acclaimed \"\"American History X\"\". Later, he starred in the short-lived television serial drama \"\"Mister Sterling\"\". In fall 2009, it was announced that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11485172",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Kind\"\nthe voice of Olly and Saraline's dad Harvey Timbers in \"\"Welcome to the Wayne\"\". Kind supported former Democratic Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley for President in the 2016 election. Richard Kind Richard Bruce Kind (born November 22, 1956) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his roles in the sitcoms \"\"Mad About You\"\" (as Dr. Mark Devanow) and \"\"Spin City\"\" (as Paul Lassiter). He also does voice performances in various Pixar films such as, \"\"A Bug's Life\"\", the \"\"Cars\"\" series, \"\"Toy Story 3\"\", and \"\"Inside Out\"\". Kind was born to a Jewish family, in the New Jersey capital",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6011468",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\nalcoholism runs in his family and that he needs to stop drinking. Topanga forgives Cory after encountering her own kiss with an old friend from grade school. She realizes no kiss means more than the ones she shares with Cory. Cory and Topanga reunite and attend the prom together, where they are named King and Queen. On prom night, Cory's mother Amy (Betsy Randle) announces that she is pregnant. Mr. Feeny decides to retire at the end of the school year and move to Wyoming; however, he soon returns from retirement and goes back to teaching. Topanga is accepted to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7974415",
"chunk_text": "\"Jonathan Schmock\"\nJonathan Schmock Jonathan Schmock (born February 26, 1956) is an American actor, television director, producer, writer and editorial cartoonist. He has worked on numerous film and television projects including \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\", where he played the maitre d' in a fancy restaurant. Television roles include \"\"Big Time Rush\"\",(the French Inspector) \"\"Blossom\"\", \"\"Double Trouble\"\", \"\"Arrested Development\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Golden Girls\"\" and \"\"The Big Bang Theory\"\". Additional film credits include \"\"Some Kind of Wonderful\"\", \"\"City of Industry\"\", and \"\"Surf Ninjas\"\". He has also worked as a developer for \"\"Sabrina the Teenage Witch\"\" and as a writer on \"\"Real Time with Bill",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10895033",
"chunk_text": "\"World's Greatest Dad\"\nWorld's Greatest Dad World's Greatest Dad is a 2009 American satirical black comedy-drama film, written and directed by Bobcat Goldthwait. It stars Robin Williams, Daryl Sabara, and Alexie Gilmore. The film was released on July 24, 2009 on video on demand providers before its limited theatrical release on August 21, 2009. Lance Clayton (Robin Williams) is a single father and high school English teacher whose biggest fear is that he will one day end up all alone. He dreams of becoming a famous writer, but his previous novels have all been rejected by publishers. His 15-year-old son Kyle (Daryl Sabara)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8024316",
"chunk_text": "\"Burt Hummel\"\nBurt Hummel Burt Hummel is a fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series \"\"Glee\"\". The character is portrayed by actor Mike O'Malley, and first appeared on \"\"Glee\"\" in the fourth episode of the first season, \"\"Preggers\"\". Burt was developed by \"\"Glee\"\" creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan. He is the father of gay glee club member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer), and works as a mechanic in Lima, Ohio where the series is set. He eventually begins a relationship with Carole Hudson (Romy Rosemont), the mother of another glee club member, and the two marry in the second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4976038",
"chunk_text": "\"Peyton Meyer\"\nhis role as Lucas Friar. In 2016, Meyer starred as Tommy in the family comedy film \"\"Gibby\"\", which tells the story of a monkey who brings happiness to a grief-stricken girl. In 2017, he played the role of Ethan in Go90's web series \"\"Versus\"\". In 2018, he has a recurring role as Trip, Taylor's (Meg Donnelly) new boyfriend, in the ABC series \"\"American Housewife\"\". Peyton Meyer Peyton Meyer (born November 24, 1998) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Lucas Friar on the Disney Channel television series \"\"Girl Meets World\"\", and his earlier recurring role as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18707214",
"chunk_text": "\"Kim Possible\"\ntried to make her a good role model. Her confidence and her sincerity really shine through.\"\" One episode in particular, \"\"Blush\"\", was inspired by Romano's modesty and tendency to blush at the slightest compliment. Romano's performance as Kim was nominated for an Emmy Award. Recognized for his ability to play \"\"over-the-top characters\"\", Will Friedle, best remembered for his performance as Eric Matthews on the sitcom \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", was cast as Ron. Actor Neil Patrick Harris had auditioned for the role, as did actor John Cena before he decided to pursue a professional wrestling career. Schooley attributes much of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8585609",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Ritter\"\non HBO on May 26, 2018. In 2017, Ritter became engaged to actress Melanie Lynskey after four years of dating. Jason Ritter Jason Ritter (born February 17, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Kevin Girardi in the television series \"\"Joan of Arcadia\"\", Ethan Haas in \"\"The Class\"\", Sean Walker in the NBC series \"\"The Event\"\", and as the voice of Dipper Pines in \"\"Gravity Falls\"\". He also played the recurring role of Mark Cyr in the NBC television series \"\"Parenthood\"\", for which he received an Emmy Award nomination. In 2017, he starred in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20578257",
"chunk_text": "\"Daryl Sabara\"\nDaryl Sabara Daryl Christopher Sabara (born June 14, 1992) is an American actor, perhaps best known for playing Juni Cortez in the \"\"Spy Kids\"\" film series, as well as for a variety of television and film appearances, including \"\"Generator Rex\"\", \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\", \"\"Father of the Pride\"\", \"\"The Polar Express\"\", \"\"Keeping Up with the Steins\"\", \"\"Halloween\"\", \"\"World's Greatest Dad\"\", \"\"Grimm\"\", and \"\"America's Most Talented Kids\"\" (on which he was a judge). Sabara was born in Torrance, California, and was raised by his mother, Sandra \"\"Sandy\"\" (Krebs), a Los Angeles social worker. Daryl graduated from West Torrance High School in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970262",
"chunk_text": "\"Uriah Shelton\"\nUriah Shelton Uriah Shelton (born March 10, 1997) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his television roles, such as playing Jeff Cargill on \"\"The Glades\"\", Josh on the web series \"\"Blue\"\", and Joshua Matthews on \"\"Girl Meets World\"\". Shelton was also the lead in the 2010 film \"\"Lifted\"\". Shelton was born in Dallas, Texas. When he was one month old, his family moved him to Magnolia Springs, Alabama, a small river community about 40 miles south of Mobile. Growing up, Shelton pursued interests in martial arts, piano, and soccer. At the age of 7, he took",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14528110",
"chunk_text": "\"Herschel Sparber\"\nHerschel Sparber Herschel Sparber (born October 18, 1943 in Gary, Indiana) is an American actor, voice over artist and Broadway performer. He is unusually tall, at 6 feet, 9 inches. A few of his standout roles include the role of \"\"Big Jule\"\" in Broadway's revival of \"\"Guys and Dolls\"\" with Nathan Lane and Faith Prince, playing the President of the United Federation of Planets, \"\"Jaresh-Inyo\"\", in multiple episodes of TV's \"\"\"\", acting in several TV shows and specials, including a recurring character on \"\"Boy Meets World\"\", and a multi-episode role in \"\"NYPD Blue\"\". Sparber is doing voices for video game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6011464",
"chunk_text": "\"Boy Meets World\"\nthe wrong one, but he learns from each. The fourth season opens with Cory and Eric's return from their road trip. In this season, Eric finds himself confronted with life after high school. After having a couple of jobs and meeting people that teach him some interesting lessons, Eric decides to retake the SAT and give college another try. The Matthews' patriarch Alan (William Russ) decides to quit his job and open a sporting goods store with Eric as his partner. Topanga’s mother is transferred at her job to Pittsburgh, which is over from Philadelphia. The news devastates Cory, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7753667",
"chunk_text": "\"Andrew Airlie\"\nShades of Grey\"\" films. Andrew Airlie Andrew Airlie (born September 18, 1961) is a Scottish-born Canadian actor. He has starred in television series including \"\"Breaker High\"\" and his TV credits include guest starring in popular television shows such as \"\"Monk\"\", \"\"Smallville\"\", \"\"Stargate SG-1\"\" and \"\"The X-Files\"\". He had television regular roles as Mr. Oliver, the protagonist's father, on the series, \"\"Reaper\"\", which aired from 2007 until 2009, and as Mission Control Commander Mike Goss on the series \"\"Defying Gravity\"\" in 2009. His best-known film role was as Michael Corman in \"\"Final Destination 2\"\". He portrays Carrick Grey, father of Christian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_616
|
who are you in assassin's creed 4?
|
n/a
|
[
"third-person perspective",
"an Abstergo agent"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
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[
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nallowed players to bypass tense and challenging scenarios too easily. In the present day, at the offices of Abstergo Entertainment—a subsidiary of Abstergo Industries—in Montreal, Quebec, players engage in modern-day pirating through the exploration of Abstergo's offices, eavesdropping and hacking, all without combat. As well, various \"\"hacking\"\" games, similar to previous cluster and glyph puzzles, are present, that uncover secrets about Abstergo. Multiplayer also returns, with new settings and game modes, though it is only land-based. The main character of the game is Edward Kenway (Matt Ryan), a Welsh privateer-turned-pirate and eventual member of the Assassin Order. Edward is the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nin the moments after his death have allowed Abstergo Industries to continue exploring his genetic memories using the Animus' newfound cloud computing abilities. The unnamed player character is hired by Abstergo Entertainment, from their Montréal headquarters, to sift through the memories of Edward Kenway, an eighteenth-century pirate, the father of Haytham Kenway and the grandfather of . Ostensibly, this is to gather material for an Animus-powered interactive feature film. In reality, Abstergo—the Templars of the present time—are searching for a First Civilization structure known as the Observatory, and are using Edward's memories to find it. As Edward, the player unravels",
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"chunk_id": "3972153",
"chunk_text": "\"Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad\"\nAltaïr Ibn-La'Ahad Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad (, meaning \"\"The Bird, Son of None\"\") is a fictional character from the Assassin's Creed series of games, a master assassin active during the Third Crusade at Holy Land in 1191. He is one of the main members of the Assassin's Brotherhood, and he serves as the main protagonist of \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Altaïr also shares the role of protagonist with Ezio Auditore da Firenze in \"\"\"\", and he is playable once in \"\"Assassin's Creed II\"\". He was generally well received by critics and gamers alike, although Philip Shahbaz's voice-over performance was widely derided.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\none's ancestors memories, the ending of \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\" reveals that Abstergo can now view a host's genetic memories simply by sequencing the host's DNA. As such, the player character is hired by Abstergo Entertainment to investigate a pivotal character in Desmond's ancestry, the Assassin Edward Kenway. A notorious pirate and privateer operating during the Golden Age of Piracy, Kenway's story is set in the Caribbean, and mixes open-ended ship-based exploration with combat and land-based adventures in Cuba and Jamaica, and on a number of Caribbean islands, parts of southern Florida and eastern Mexico. Samples taken from Desmond Miles' body",
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"page_id": 3
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Unity\"\nall the chests in the game without having to play the companion app. The main character of the game is Arno Dorian (Dan Jeannotte), a native Frenchman who was born in Versailles to an Assassin father. After his father is killed by Shay Patrick Cormac at the end of \"\"Assassin's Creed Rogue\"\", Arno is adopted, unaware that his new family holds a senior position within the Templar Order, with his new father figure being the Templar Grandmaster. Arno blames himself when his adoptive father is murdered, and so sets out on a quest of redemption that brings him into the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "18754731",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nCreed\"\" \"\"...the standout series on [the seventh generation] of consoles\"\". It has been praised for its ambitious game design, visuals, and narratives, but criticized for its technical issues and annual releases of installments, which has sometimes led to a general feeling of over-saturation and loss of innovation. , the series has sold over 100 million copies, becoming Ubisoft's best selling franchise and one of the highest selling video game franchises of all time. \"\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\" introduces the character of Olivier Garneau, as the CEO of video game company Abstergo Entertainment (who helps Ubisoft to develop the \"\"Assassin's",
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"chunk_id": "5364207",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nfather of Haytham Kenway, and grandfather of Ratonhnhaké:ton (Connor), the two playable characters of \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\". Real-life individuals that are encountered include the pirates Edward \"\"Blackbeard\"\" Thatch (voiced by Mark Bonnar), Benjamin Hornigold, Mary Read, Stede Bonnet, Anne Bonny, Calico Jack, and Charles Vane (Ralph Ineson). As is the case in previous games in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series, the story is divided into two intertwined halves, with one in the present day, one in a historical setting, and the events of each influencing the other. Although the present-day story had previously established that an Animus was required to view",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
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"chunk_id": "5364199",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nfight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control. The framing story is set in the 21st century and describes the player as an Abstergo agent. The main story is set in the 18th century Caribbean during the Golden Age of Piracy, and follows notorious Welsh pirate Edward Kenway, grandfather and father of \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\" protagonist and antagonist Haytham Kenway, respectively, who stumbles upon the Assassin/Templar conflict. The attempted establishment of a Republic of Pirates utopia (free from either British or Spanish rule) is a significant plot element. Unlike previous games, gameplay elements focus",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
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"chunk_id": "6818692",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Identity\"\none of Machiavelli's spies witnesses Machiavelli's capture and informs Ezio, who promptly informs the Assassin. While Ezio distracts the guards, the Assassin frees Machiavelli. Later, Machiavelli expresses his opinion that all of the remaining Crows were killed or scattered during the attack on the city. The game allows players to customize their assassin from four classes: the combat-orientated Berserker, the stealthy Shadow Blade, the jack-of-all-trades Trickster and the agile Thief. Each class has its own set of skills and perks, like Splinter Bomb and attack upgrades for Berserker and Smoke Bomb and notoriety upgrades for Shadowblade, which can be unlocked",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
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"chunk_id": "12609012",
"chunk_text": "\"Desmond Miles\"\nDesmond Miles Desmond Miles is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the frame story uniting the first five installments in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series of video games. He is a descendant of a long line of other Assassins, including Adam, Aquilus, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Ezio Auditore da Firenze, Edward Kenway, Haytham Kenway and . Miles is voiced by Nolan North and is modeled after Canadian fashion model Francisco Randez. He represents symbolically a form of trascendence from the necessity of the human body. Desmond lives in New York and works as a bartender. In order to hide his identity,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Odyssey\"\nThe game features a notoriety system in which mercenaries chase after the player if they commit crimes like killing or stealing. The player character, Alexios or Kassandra, is a mercenary, and a descendant of the Spartan king Leonidas I. They inherit his broken spear, which is forged into a blade to become a weapon that grants the player special abilities in combat. The game uses a skill tree system that allows the player to unlock new abilities. The three skill trees are \"\"hunter\"\", which improves player character's archery, \"\"warrior\"\", which puts emphasis on combat, and \"\"assassin\"\", which focuses on stealth.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5364210",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\na conspiracy between high-ranking Templars within the British and Spanish empires who, under the guise of cleaning up piracy in the Caribbean, have used their positions to locate the Sage—later identified as Bartholomew Roberts—who is the only man that can lead them to the Observatory, a First Civilization device which can monitor anyone anywhere in the world when provided a blood sample, which they intend to use to spy on and blackmail world leaders. Edward becomes an unwitting player in their plot when he kills a rogue Assassin, Duncan Walpole. Seeing an opportunity for profit, Edward takes Walpole's place at",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
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"chunk_id": "16549159",
"chunk_text": "\"Far Cry 4\"\nCry 4\"\" received a positive reception upon release. Aggregating review websites GameRankings and Metacritic gave the Xbox One version 85.92% based on 12 reviews and 82/100 based on 14 reviews, respectively. The PlayStation 4 version received 83.76% based on 57 reviews on GameRankings and 85/100 based on 83 reviews on Metacritic, and the Microsoft Windows version received 81.00% based on 9 reviews and 80/100 based on 17 reviews, respectively. The game's story received mixed responses. Chris Carter from Destructoid praised the personality of Ajay Ghale, which is \"\"less in-your-face\"\" than that of \"\"Far Cry 3\"\"'s protagonist Jason Brody. He also",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nmother's surname in her memory) and Edward's young son Haytham attend a play in an English theatre. In the present day, the player is contacted by John, Abstergo Entertainment's information technology manager. John convinces the player that their employers know more than they are telling, and encourages them to investigate in more detail. He convinces the player to hack several Animus terminals and security cameras, and then has them deliver the information taken to Shaun Hastings and Rebecca Crane, who are working undercover to infiltrate Abstergo. When the facility is locked down after the hackings are discovered, John arranges for",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_id": "3972173",
"chunk_text": "\"Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad\"\nof Persia\"\" and declaring him a two-dimensional, very formulaic character. Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad (, meaning \"\"The Bird, Son of None\"\") is a fictional character from the Assassin's Creed series of games, a master assassin active during the Third Crusade at Holy Land in 1191. He is one of the main members of the Assassin's Brotherhood, and he serves as the main protagonist of \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Altaïr also shares the role of protagonist with Ezio Auditore da Firenze in \"\"\"\", and he is playable once in \"\"Assassin's Creed II\"\". He was generally well received by critics and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
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"chunk_id": "572591",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nAfter Desmond dies to ensure Earth's survival, his memories, which have survived through genetic samples of his DNA, are accessed by Abstergo, which hires a new subject to enter the Animus. The new subject relives the memories of Edward Kenway (grandfather of Ratohnhaké:ton, otherwise known as Connor Kenway), a privateer-turned-pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy. While the games are often presented through protagonist Desmond Miles, the bulk of the game is played as Desmond experiences the memories of his ancestors through an advanced device called the Animus. This provides a means of a diegetic interface, showing Desmond's ancestor's health,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "13954109",
"chunk_text": "\"Desmond Miles\"\nshines through, to say nothing of his williness to sacrifice himself for the greater good.' Desmond Miles Desmond Miles is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the frame story uniting the first five installments in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series of video games. He is a descendant of a long line of other Assassins, including Adam, Aquilus, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Ezio Auditore da Firenze, Edward Kenway, Haytham Kenway and . Miles is voiced by Nolan North and is modeled after Canadian fashion model Francisco Randez. He represents symbolically a form of trascendence from the necessity of the human body. Desmond",
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"page_id": 16
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nthe kidnapped person into the Animus and searching for clues on their ancestors' memories within the Animus. Desmond Miles is a bartender who is a descendant of several lines of prominent Assassins; though raised as an Assassin, he left his nomadic family to seek out a more common lifestyle. He is initially kidnapped by Abstergo, which is aware of his ancestral lineage. Desmond is forced into the Animus and is revealed to be subject 17; many of the sixteen previous subjects died as a result of Animus over-exposure. Desmond is later rescued by a small team of modern-day Assassins and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Identity\"\nby tapping the Action button when a nearby guard has the Hidden Blade icon over his head. During combat, players can attack, block attacks, use skills, or exit the fight. However, some skills cannot be used in combat, and exiting fights has a cooldown. The Assassin starts off at the Anonymous status, in which normal guards ignore him. If the Assassin manages to break hostile guards' lines of sight or is doing suspicious acts, the Assassin enters Alerted status, in which normal guards watch the Assassin closely, but do not do anything. During fights or when running from hostile guards,",
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"chunk_id": "572584",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nAssassin's Creed Assassin's Creed is an action-adventure stealth video game franchise created by Patrice Désilets, Jade Raymond and Corey May, developed and published by Ubisoft using the game engine Anvil Next. It depicts in the centuries-old struggle, now and then, between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control. The series features historical fiction, science fiction and characters, intertwined with real-world historical events and figures. For the majority of time players would control an Assassin in the past history, while they also play as Desmond Miles or an Assassin Initiate in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_id": "18754649",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nfeatures series protagonist Desmond Miles who uses a machine called the Animus and relives the memories of his ancestors to find a way to avert the 2012 apocalypse. In games till Assassin's Creed Syndicate, Abstergo employees and Assassin initiates recorded genetic memories using the Helix software, helping the Templars and Assassins find new Pieces of Eden in the modern world. The latest two games, Assassin's Creed Origins and Assassin's Creed Odyssey follow ex-Abstergo employee Layla Hassan as she is recruited into the Assassin's Creed. Main games of \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" are set in an open world and presented from the third-person",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "18754736",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nAugust 31, 2017 until January 31, 2018. The DLC featuring gameplay elements from the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" game series, new additional quests, mini-games, and exclusive items from \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series. In the 2011 Indian film \"\"Velayudham\"\", the superhero costume worn by the protagonist is visibly based on Altaïr's in \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\". Assassin's Creed Assassin's Creed is an action-adventure stealth video game franchise created by Patrice Désilets, Jade Raymond and Corey May, developed and published by Ubisoft using the game engine Anvil Next. It depicts in the centuries-old struggle, now and then, between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
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"chunk_id": "11752866",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed III\"\nas a downloadable add-on to \"\"Assassin's Creed Odyssey\"\". \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\" is a third-person action-adventure title set in an open world in which the player uses a combination of stealth, parkour, and combat to complete various missions. The player takes the role of three characters during the course of the game. The main character is Desmond Miles, a 21st-century Assassin, working to uncover the secrets of a mysterious Precursor Vault that will protect the Earth from an upcoming solar flare on December 21, 2012. To uncover the secrets, Desmond uses the Animus to live out memories of two of his",
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed (video game)\"\nan open world environment and played from a third-person perspective in which the player primarily assumes the role of Altaïr, as experienced by protagonist Desmond Miles. The primary goal of the game is to carry out a series of assassinations ordered by Al Mualim, the leader of the Assassins. To achieve this goal, the player must travel from the Brotherhood's headquarters in Masyaf, across the terrain of the Holy Land known as the Kingdom to one of three cities—Jerusalem, Acre, or Damascus—to find the Brotherhood agent in that city. There, the agent, in addition to providing a safe house, gives",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\ndifferent outfits to purchase as the player progresses through the game. The modern-day aspects of the story were also significantly expanded, and featured missions taking place in, among other locations, Manhattan, Rome and Brazil. Samples taken from Desmond Miles' body in the moments after his death have enabled Abstergo Industries to continue to explore his genetic memories using the Animus' newfound cloud computing abilities. The unnamed player character is hired by Abstergo's entertainment division to sift through the memories of Edward Kenway, an eighteenth-century pirate and the grandfather of Connor. Ostensibly, this is to gather material for an Animus-powered interactive",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5364230",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nCry\"\" single-player missions, \"\"Kraken Ship\"\" pack featuring elements to personalize the \"\"Jackdaw\"\", as well as additional single-player and multiplayer elements. \"\"Freedom Cry\"\" sees the player take on the role of Adéwalé, a freed slave from Trinidad who became Edward Kenway's Quartermaster, and later a member of the Assassin Order. The story mode takes place 20 years after the events of \"\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\" where Adéwalé has become a trained assassin with the Order and finds himself shipwrecked in Saint-Domingue, where he comes face-to-face with some of the most brutal slavery in the West Indies. The DLC is written",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Unity\"\nand his curse towards King Phillip IV and Pope Clement V. At this point, Bishop from the modern day Assassin Brotherhood hijacks the memory sequence and implores the player to join them as an initiate. Bishop provides an internal Abstergo video memo, in which Abstergo describes who contains precursor DNA (which is in a triple–rather than a double–helix). Abstergo goes into detail regarding the Phoenix Project, whereby Abstergo hopes to use the Sage to compile a whole precursor genome for unclear purposes. Bishop provides access to another memory segment and directs the new initiate to locate another Sage, whose corpse",
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"chunk_id": "5364232",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\ncharacters to the multiplayer mode. These characters are The Shaman, The Siren and The Stowaway. It was not released for the Wii U. The PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 releases both contain an exclusive DLC, \"\"Aveline\"\". As an exception it is available on PC in the Uplay Digital Deluxe Edition and Jackdaw Edition only. A Game of The Year version, called the Jackdaw Edition, was released in the UK for sale exclusively on Amazon.com. It was made available for Xbox One and PlayStation 4 consoles as well as PC. The edition includes all previously released downloadable content. No comparable editions",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood\"\nand Mercenary. Two special characters were only available in the selected pre-order editions of the game: the Harlequin and the Officer. However, these two pre-order special characters are also included in \"\"The Da Vinci Disappearance\"\" downloadable content as are the formerly pre-order only Trajan Market and Aqueducts special locations. The pack contains 4 new characters, Dama Rossa, Knight, Marquis, and Pariah. Each character has unique assassination moves and a signature weapon. Characters can be customized as the player levels up. These customization options include changing the color of the outfit, and equipping different gear. Desmond's story continues where it left",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Identity\"\nVision and spots an ex-Borgia captain named Matteo conversing with a bald man. The Assassin eavesdrops on their conversation before tailing Matteo to the top of the Colosseum. After a brief fight, the Assassin kills Matteo. After the Crows leave the camp, Assassin scouts follow the Crows and find the bald man who had been talking to Matteo. His name was Sirus Favero, a weapons merchant from which Cesare was ordering special weapons. Sirus swears that he had no knowledge what the crates contained and agreed to help the Assassins against the Borgias. Sirus then proves to be a useful",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed III\"\nWii U Gamepad. Online multiplayer returns in this installment by Ubisoft Annecy. Along with returning modes, new ones feature a co-operative mode named Wolfpack, in which 1–4 players are charged with killing certain NPCs within a time limit, through a sequence of 25 stages. It also features Domination, a team mode where players will have to capture certain areas of the map, protecting them from the opposing team. Following the events of \"\"Assassin's Creed: Revelations\"\", the game explores the life of an 18th-century assassin in Colonial America during the American Revolution; a half-English, half-Mohawk man named Ratonhnhaké:ton, also known as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Identity\"\nthe Assassin is in Wanted status, in which all guards attack the Assassin on sight. Assassins can lower statuses by either breaking hostile guards' lines of sight for an extended period of time or by blending. However, the Assassin will always be attacked on sight in Restricted Areas, and by some Templar enemies. During combat, the player can also summon hirelings, which depending on class, have a skill and passive upgrade. However, if the player uses the hireling's skill, the hireling can no longer be used for the mission, and passive upgrade is nullified. Players can also use the iconic",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nand, with Templar allies including Charles Lee, gained the Mohawk people's trust as the means to find a Temple's location, but to his annoyance, the medallion did not open the Temple for him. The remainder of the game shifts protagonist, to the memories of Haytham's son , whose heritage is half Mohawk. As a young boy, he witnesses Lee and his troops set fire to his village, killing his mother; years later, he is shown a Piece of Eden, through which Juno speaks to him and instructs him to get training from the retired Assassin, Achilles Davenport, who later inducts",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "5364216",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nRoberts, the Sage admits to Kenway that he owes no allegiance to the Assassins or the Templars and instead uses whoever he thinks represents his best chance of achieving his ends. With the Sage dead, the player is contacted by the Assassins as they continue their infiltration of Abstergo, but neither side is able to explain the Sage's presence or identify his followers, the Instruments of the First Will. The \"\"Freedom Cry\"\" downloadable content is set twenty years after the events of \"\"Black Flag\"\" and follows Adéwalé in his mission as an Assassin. While attempting to intercept Templar activities in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\nthe player to access the Animus' core, at which point Juno materializes into an incorporeal form. She reveals that although it was necessary to open her temple to avert disaster, the world was not ready for her, and she is unable to affect it or possess the player character as her agents intended. John is unmasked as the reincarnated form of the Sage and attempts to murder the player to cover up the failed attempt at resurrecting Juno, but is killed by Abstergo's security before he can do so, thus implicating him as the one responsible for the hacks. As",
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"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Origins\"\nreturn to controlling Bayek, the game's main character. The player can also tame various predators which will serve as a companion for the player and assist them against enemies. Naval combat, underwater exploration and tomb raiding return to the series. The game also features revised combat mechanics. Previous titles in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series used a \"\"paired animation system\"\" whereby the player character would engage with an enemy and combat would be dictated by a series of predetermined animations based on player inputs and scripted AI movements. \"\"Origins\"\" moves to a \"\"hit-box system\"\". When the player wields a weapon, they",
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"chunk_id": "20673114",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Unity\"\nyou're playing co-op you're also playing Arno – everybody is. It's like Aiden Pearce in \"\"Watch Dogs\"\"... Arno has different skills - you select skill points in the game, there are gear elements that have an impact and all these weapons that make the character you make your own. But you're always playing Arno... The reason we're just changing the face and keeping the bodies is we want people to show off the gear that they pick up in the game through exploration. That's why we kept that.\"\" In October 2014, Ubisoft's senior producer Vincent Pontbriand made a statement that",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "5364211",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\na meeting of Templars in Havana, where he meets Woodes Rogers as well as Cuban Governor, and Templar Grandmaster, Laureano Torres. His recklessness endangers the entire Assassins' Order, prompting him to pursue the Sage and the conspirators from the Yucatán Peninsula to Jamaica, eventually catching Roberts on the island of Príncipe off of the African coast. Meanwhile, a band of notorious pirates—including Edward \"\"Blackbeard\"\" Thatch, Benjamin Hornigold, Mary Read (under the alias \"\"James Kidd\"\") and Charles Vane, among others—dream of a pirate utopia where man is free to live beyond the reach of kings and rulers. With Edward's help, they",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "5364213",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\naid of Ah Tabai, the Assassin Mentor, and elects to join their Order. Chasing down and eliminating Roberts and the Templar conspirators, Edward retrieves the artifact and returns it to the Observatory, sealing it away for good. He is left facing an uncertain future with his newfound convictions until he receives a letter informing him of the passing of his wife and the imminent arrival of his hitherto unknown daughter, Jennifer Scott. Edward travels back to England, promising Ah Tabai that he will continue the fight against the Templars back home in England. Some years later, Edward, Jennifer (using her",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19370250",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nd'etat within the Assassins. Altair exiles himself for twenty years, eventually returning to Masyaf to kill the usurper and retake control. Altaïr inscribes his memories in the keys and asks his friend Niccolò Polo to hide them. Afterwards, Ezio and Sofia go to Masyaf and open the library to find Altaïr's corpse and a Piece of Eden. Ezio leaves it and his assassin tools, and tells Desmond, understanding now of his role as a messenger to him. A holographic being calling himself Jupiter explains to Desmond (through Ezio) how his society perished as a result of a massive solar flare",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1403180",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood\"\non these numbers \"\"It is not intended for us\"\". At the end of the sequence, two male voices (one is the Assassin, William) are heard commenting that Desmond has fallen into a coma. They also comment \"\"we have a location for the temple\"\" and \"\"then what are you waiting for, let's go.\"\" This DLC doubles as the technical \"\"Animus Project Update 3.0\"\", with the addition of the preorder multiplayer characters, the Harlequin and Officer, as well as the preorder-only special Drachen Armor for Ezio. \"\"Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood\"\" received critical acclaim upon release. Aggregating review websites GameRankings and Metacritic gave the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17055025",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Odyssey\"\nAssassin's Creed Odyssey Assassin's Creed Odyssey is a 2018 action role-playing video game developed by Ubisoft Quebec and published by Ubisoft. It is the eleventh major installment, and twentieth overall, in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series and the successor to 2017's \"\"Assassin's Creed Origins\"\". Set in the year 431 BCE, the plot tells a fictional history of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. Players control a male or female mercenary ( \"\"misthios\"\") who fights for both sides as they attempt to unite their family and uncover a malign cult. The game was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4489621",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Odyssey\"\nAssassin's Creed Odyssey Assassin's Creed Odyssey is a 2018 action role-playing video game developed by Ubisoft Quebec and published by Ubisoft. It is the eleventh major installment, and twentieth overall, in the \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" series and the successor to 2017's \"\"Assassin's Creed Origins\"\". Set in the year 431 BCE, the plot tells a fictional history of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. Players control a male or female mercenary ( \"\"misthios\"\") who fights for both sides as they attempt to unite their family and uncover a malign cult. The game was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11752877",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed III\"\nanimals, and approximately one third of the story takes place in the Frontier. The city of Philadelphia can also be visited at one point during the game, as can The Caribbean during several naval missions. The entire Eastern seaboard is also explorable via Connor's captaining his naval warship, the \"\"Aquila\"\". \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\" features a large cast of characters. The main character is Ratonhnhaké:ton (Noah Watts), also known as Connor, an 18th-century assassin. The 18th century characters include Achilles Davenport (Roger Aaron Brown), Connor's mentor and a retired assassin; Connor's mother Kaniehtí:io or Ziio (Kaniehtiio Horn); Connor's first mate aboard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19370276",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\na 4 player realtime online multiplayer mode. Players can connect via Game Center using either WI-FI or 3G. It is also possible to play against someone in the immediate area via Bluetooth. Available map locations include Jerusalem, San Donato, Venice and Alhambra. \"\"Assassin's Creed: Pirates\"\" is a mobile game, that was released on iOS and Android devices on December 5, 2013. Developed by Ubisoft Paris, the game follows Captain Alonzo Batilla, who is neither Assassin nor Templar, as he commands a ship and crew, while crossing paths with the Assassins and Templars. Gameplay focuses on real-time battles between ships. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18754660",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nand early 16th centuries of the Italian Renaissance; and , otherwise known as Connor, a half-Mohawk, half-British Assassin during the American Revolution. Throughout these events, Desmond learns of allusions to the prophetic end of the world in 2012 from a former Animus test subject, Subject 16; the event turns out to be a repeat of the disaster which wiped out the ancient civilization, and he finds out that his memories hold the key to Earth's surviving a second solar storm. During his experiences, Desmond is aided by holographic projections of three of the ancient race's rulers: Jupiter, Minerva, and Juno.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18754664",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nas running, climbing the sides of buildings, or jumping between rooftops, more likely to alert the attention of nearby guards. When the guards become alerted, the player must either fight them or break their line of sight and locate a hiding place, such as a haystack or a well, and wait until the guards' alert is reduced. The combat system allows for a number of unique weapons, armor, and moves, including the use of a hidden blade set in a bracer on the Assassin's arm, and which also can be used to quietly assassinate targets. Desmond Miles is captured by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3159770",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed Rogue\"\nfades to black before the player's decision is shown. By March 2014, an \"\"Assassin's Creed\"\" game code-named \"\"Comet\"\" was revealed to be in development, set for release on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. By the end of the month, additional reports indicated that \"\"Comet\"\" would be set around 1758 in New York, as well as feature sailing on the Atlantic Ocean. The game would be a direct sequel to \"\"Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag\"\", and would feature a Templar named Shay as the main protagonist. Haytham Kenway from \"\"Assassin's Creed III\"\" and Adéwalé from \"\"Black Flag\"\" would also make appearances.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18754719",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nby a suited executive and a lab technician to relive Accipiter's memories. He was sent to 259 CE, when Accipiter's Alamans were crossing the Rodanus into Genava and Aube to face the Roman forces at Oppidum. The battle raged bloodily and long, but Accipiter's forces were eventually victorious. Accipiter was met by the Iberian Assassin Cuervo after the battle, the latter coming to congratulate the Alamans on their victory and to discuss the future. \"\"Assassin's Creed, Volume 4: Hawk\"\" is the fourth volume of the French graphic novels. It is centered on the story of Jonathan Hawk and his Egyptian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "572592",
"chunk_text": "\"Assassin's Creed\"\nequipment, goals, and other features as part of the Animus interface. The Animus is based on the player controlling the assassin to maintain the synchronization between Desmond and his ancestor's memories. Performing actions that go against the Assassin's way or dying breaks the synchronization, effectively requiring the player to restart at a previous checkpoint. Furthermore, the player cannot explore outside areas that the assassin has not experienced yet. There are also abnormalities within the Animus from previous users of the device. While playing as the Assassin characters, the games are generally presented from a third-person perspective in an open world",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_617
|
who destroyed the first temple and exiled the two tribes of judah to babylon?
|
n/a
|
[
"Nebuchadnezzar"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "10907853",
"chunk_text": "\"Tribe of Judah\"\n1000 years. The first Jewish communities in Babylonia started with the exile of the Tribe of Judah to Babylon by Jehoiachin in 597 BCE as well as after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Many more Jews migrated to Babylon in CE 135 after the Bar Kokhba revolt and in the centuries after. Ethiopia's traditions, recorded and elaborated in a 13th-century treatise, the \"\"Kebre Negest\"\", assert descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem, by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
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"chunk_id": "6374985",
"chunk_text": "Israel\nwas conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire. In 586 BCE, King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, he destroyed Solomon's Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. The defeat was also recorded in the Babylonian Chronicles. The Babylonian exile ended around 538 BCE under the rule of the Persian Cyrus the Great after he captured Babylon. The Second Temple was constructed around 520 BCE. As part of the Persian Empire, the former Kingdom of Judah became the province of Judah (\"\"Yehud Medinata\"\") with different borders, covering a smaller territory. The population of the province was greatly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5404931",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish history\"\nrecord accounts for the ultimate fate of the ten northern tribes, sometimes referred to as the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel, although speculation abounds. After revolting against the new dominant power and an ensuing siege, the Kingdom of Judah was conquered by the Babylonian army in 587 BCE and the First Temple was destroyed. The elite of the kingdom and many of their people were exiled to Babylon, where the religion developed outside their traditional temple. Others fled to Egypt. After the fall of Jerusalem, Babylonia (modern day Iraq), would become the focus of Judaism for more than a thousand",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14512700",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel\"\nfor control of Palestine led to the destruction of Judah in a series of campaigns between 597 and 582. The Assyrian Empire was overthrown in 612 BCE by the Medes and the Neo-Babylonian Empire. In 586 BCE King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, he destroyed Solomon's Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. The defeat was also recorded by the Babylonians in the Babylonian Chronicles. The exile of Jews may have been restricted to the elite. Babylonian Judah suffered a steep decline in both economy and population and lost the Negev, the Shephelah, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18783828",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple Judaism\"\nSecond Temple Judaism Second Temple Judaism is Judaism between the construction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, c. 515 BCE, and its destruction by the Romans in 70 CE. The development of the Hebrew Bible canon, the synagogue, Jewish apocalyptic expectations for the future, and the rise of Christianity, can all be traced to the Second Temple period. \"\"(Note: dates and periods are in many cases approximate and/or conventional)\"\" The period of the First Temple ended in 586 BCE when the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple of Solomon, and deported the elite of the population to Babylon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17007003",
"chunk_text": "Pharisees\neyewitness accounts of the Pharisees and their teachings. The deportation and exile of an unknown number of Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar II, starting with the first deportation in 597 BCE and continuing after the fall of Jerusalem and destruction of the Temple in 587 BCE, resulted in dramatic changes to Jewish culture and religion. During the 70-year exile in Babylon, Jewish houses of assembly (known in Hebrew as a \"\"beit knesset\"\" or in Greek as a \"\"synagogue\"\") and houses of prayer (Hebrew \"\"Beit Tefilah\"\"; Greek προσευχαί, \"\"proseuchai\"\") were the primary meeting places for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7013547",
"chunk_text": "\"Babylonian captivity\"\ncalled Yehud, putting an end to the independent Kingdom of Judah. (Because of the missing years in the Jewish calendar, rabbinic sources place the date of the destruction of the First Temple at 3338 HC (423 BCE) or 3358 HC (403 BCE)). The first governor appointed by Babylon was Gedaliah, a native Judahite; he encouraged the many Jews who had fled to surrounding countries such as Moab, Ammon and Edom to return, and he took steps to return the country to prosperity. Some time later, a surviving member of the royal family assassinated Gedaliah and his Babylonian advisors, prompting many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2941665",
"chunk_text": "\"Persian Jews\"\nminority, Kurdish.\"\" According to the Bible, three times during the 6th century BCE, Nebuchadnezzar exiled the Jews (Hebrews) of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon. These three separate occasions are mentioned in Jeremiah (52:28–30). The first exile was in the time of Jehoiachin in 597 BCE, when the Temple of Jerusalem was partially despoiled and a number of the leading citizens removed. After eleven years (during the reign of Zedekiah), a fresh rising of the Judaeans occurred. Jerusalem was razed to the ground, and deportation ensued. Finally, five years later, Jeremiah recorded a third captivity. After the overthrow of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7624973",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Israel\"\npre-writing verbal traditions. In 586 BCE King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, he destroyed Solomon's Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. The Phillistines were also driven into exile. The defeat of Judah was recorded by the Babylonians (see the Babylonian Chronicles). Babylonian and Biblical sources suggest that the Judean king, Jehoiachin, switched allegiances between the Egyptians and the Babylonians and that invasion was a punishment for allying with Babylon's principal rival, Egypt. The exiled Jews may have been restricted to the elite. Jehoiachin was eventually released by the Babylonians. Tablets which seem to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15103932",
"chunk_text": "\"Kingdom of Judah\"\ndeported to Babylon and those who made their way to Egypt and the remnant that remained in the land and in surrounding countries is subject to academic debate. The Book of Jeremiah reports that 4600 were exiled to Babylonia. The Books of Kings suggest that it was ten thousand, and later eight thousand. In 539 BCE the Achaemenid Empire conquered Babylonia and allowed the exiles to return to Yehud Medinata and rebuild the Temple, which was completed in the sixth year of Darius (515 BCE) () under Zerubbabel, the grandson of the second to last king of Judah, Jeconiah. Yehud",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3898817",
"chunk_text": "\"Yehud (Babylonian province)\"\nof Jerusalem and the First Temple in 586 BCE. The numbers deported to Babylon or who made their way to Egypt, and the remnant that remained in Yehud province and in surrounding countries, is subject to academic debate. The Book of Jeremiah reports that a total of 4,600 were exiled to Babylon. To these numbers must be added those deported by Nebuchadnezzar in 597 BCE following the first siege to Jerusalem, when he deported the king of Judah, Jeconiah, and his court and other prominent citizens and craftsmen, along with a sizable portion of the Jewish population of Judah, numbering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18783831",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple Judaism\"\nRomans first replaced them with their protege Herod the Great, and, on Herod's death in 6 CE, made Judea a province under Rome's direct rule. Heavy taxes under the Romans and insensitivity towards the Jewish religion led to revolt (the First Jewish–Roman War, 66–73 CE), and in 70 CE the Roman general (and later emperor) Titus captured Jerusalem and destroyed the Temple, bringing an end to the Second Temple period. The Jewish exiles in Babylon were not slaves or prisoners, nor were they badly treated, and when the Persians gave permission for them to return to Jerusalem the majority elected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12835570",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish–Babylonian war\"\nJews that weren't exiled from Judah. Judah ceased to exist a year later, in 586 BC. Gedalia was later murdered in 582 BC. Jewish–Babylonian war The Jewish–Babylonian war was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Judah and Babylonia that lasted from 601 to 586 BC. The conflict marked the end of the Kingdom of Judah and Jewish independence until the Hasmonean revolt. After Babylonia invaded Jerusalem it destroyed the First Temple, and started the Babylonian exile. Egypt was the regional power until Battle of Charchameshin 606BC. Later, Babylonia came and ended the Egyptian rule, and established its own rule,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12835567",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish–Babylonian war\"\nJewish–Babylonian war The Jewish–Babylonian war was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Judah and Babylonia that lasted from 601 to 586 BC. The conflict marked the end of the Kingdom of Judah and Jewish independence until the Hasmonean revolt. After Babylonia invaded Jerusalem it destroyed the First Temple, and started the Babylonian exile. Egypt was the regional power until Battle of Charchameshin 606BC. Later, Babylonia came and ended the Egyptian rule, and established its own rule, and made Judah its vassal. For three years, Judah paid taxes to Babylonia, until King Jehoiakim decided to stop giving taxes to Babylonia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "154920",
"chunk_text": "Jews\nwhen it was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The term Jew originated from the Roman \"\"Judean\"\" and denoted someone from the southern kingdom of Judah. The shift of ethnonym from \"\"Israelites\"\" to \"\"Jews\"\" (inhabitant of Judah), although not contained in the Torah, is made explicit in the Book of Esther (4th century BCE), a book in the Ketuvim, the third section of the Jewish Tanakh. In 587 BCE Nebuchadnezzar II, King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple, and deported the most prominent citizens of Judah. According to the Book of Ezra, the Persian Cyrus the Great",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20493362",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple\"\nSecond Temple The Second Temple (, \"\"Beit HaMikdash HaSheni\"\") was the Jewish holy temple which stood on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem during the Second Temple period, between 516 BCE and 70 CE. According to Jewish tradition, it replaced Solomon's Temple (the First Temple), which was destroyed by the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 586 BCE, when Jerusalem was conquered and part of the population of the Kingdom of Judah was taken into exile to Babylon. The Second Temple was originally a rather modest structure constructed by a number of Jewish exile groups returning to the Levant from Babylon under the Achaemenid-appointed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1444054",
"chunk_text": "\"Tribe of Judah\"\nTribe of Judah According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Judah (, \"\"Shevet Yehudah\"\") was one of the twelve Tribes of Israel. The Tribe of Judah, its conquests, and the centrality of its capital in Jerusalem for the worship of the god Yahweh figure prominently in the Deuteronomistic history, encompassing the books of Deuteronomy through II Kings, which most scholars agree was reduced to written form, although subject to exilic and post-exilic alterations and emendations, during the reign of the Judahist reformer Josiah from 641–609 BCE. According to the account in the Book of Joshua, following a partial conquest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13133866",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish military history\"\nJudah and Jewish independence until the Hasmonean revolt. After Babylonia invaded Jerusalem it destroyed the First Temple, and started the Babylonian exile. In 605 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylon defeated Pharaoh Neco at the Battle of Carchemish, and subsequently invaded Judah. To avoid the destruction of Jerusalem, King Jehoiakim of Jerusalem, in his third year, changed allegiances from Egypt to Babylon. He paid tribute from the treasury in Jerusalem, some temple artifacts, and some of the royal family and nobility as hostages. In 601 BC, Nebuchadnezzar failed to invade Egypt, the failure led to rebellions among states in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14509511",
"chunk_text": "\"Return to Zion\"\nto Jaffa, of the followers of Yehuda Bibas and Judah Alkalai, known as the \"\"Herald of Zionism\"\" (מבשרי הציונות) pioneers of modern Zionism, and up to the rest of the \"\"aliyot\"\" (plural of \"\"aliyah\"\") made after the establishment of the modern State of Israel. The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE. The Babylonian army, under the command of Nebuzaradan, had destroyed the first temple in Jerusalem. According to the Hebrew Bible, the king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his own two sons being slaughtered, and thereafter, his own",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5404932",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish history\"\nyears. The first Judahite communities in Babylonia started with the exile of the Tribe of Judah to Babylon by Jehoiachin in 597 BCE as well as after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Babylonia, where some of the largest and most prominent Jewish cities and communities were established, became the center of Jewish life all the way up to the 13th century. By the first century, Babylonia already held a speedily growing population of an estimated 1,000,000 Judahites which increased to an estimated 2 million between the years 200 CE and 500 CE, both by natural",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18783829",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple Judaism\"\n(the \"\"Babylonian exile\"\"). In 539 BCE Babylon itself fell to the Persian conqueror Cyrus, and in 538 BCE the exiles were permitted to return to Yehud medinata, as the Persian province of Judah was known. The Temple is commonly said to have been rebuilt in the period 520–515 BCE, but it seems probable that this is an artificial date chosen so that 70 years could be said to have passed between the destruction and the rebuilding, fulfilling a prophecy of Jeremiah. The end of the Persian period is conventionally dated from Alexander the Great's conquest of the Mediterranean coast in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10087402",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Jews in Iraq\"\nalmost exclusively devoted to building operations; and but for the Book of Jeremiah, little would be known of his campaign against Jerusalem. Three times during the 6th century BC, the Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah were exiled to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. These three separate occasions are mentioned (Jeremiah 52:28–30). The first was in the time of Jehoiachin in 597 BC, when, in retaliation for a refusal to pay tribute, the temple of Jerusalem was partially despoiled and a number of the leading citizens removed (Daniel 5:1–5). After eleven years, in the reign of Zedekiah—who had been enthroned by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18255776",
"chunk_text": "\"Babylonian captivity\"\ndeportation occurred in Nebuchadnezzar's twenty-third year. The dates, numbers of deportations, and numbers of deportees given in the biblical accounts vary. These deportations are dated to 597 BCE for the first, with others dated at 587/586 BCE, and 582/581 BCE respectively. After the fall of Babylon to the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 539 BCE, exiled Judeans were permitted to return to Judah. According to the biblical book of Ezra, construction of the second temple in Jerusalem began around 537 BCE. All these events are considered significant in Jewish history and culture, and had a far-reaching impact on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16872167",
"chunk_text": "\"Babylonian captivity\"\none of a number of metaphors for the Jewish diaspora. Most frequently the term \"\"Babylon\"\" meant the diaspora prior to the destruction of the Second Temple. The post-destruction term for the Jewish Diaspora was \"\"Rome\"\", or \"\"Edom\"\". The following table is based on Rainer Albertz's work on \"\"Israel in exile\"\". (Alternative dates are possible.) Babylonian captivity The Babylonian captivity or Babylonian exile is the period in Jewish history during which a number of people from the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia. After the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon besieged Jerusalem, resulting in",
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "5245337",
"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple\"\nreligion, of the synagogue and of apocalyptic expectations for the future all developed in the Judaism of this period. Second Temple The Second Temple (, \"\"Beit HaMikdash HaSheni\"\") was the Jewish holy temple which stood on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem during the Second Temple period, between 516 BCE and 70 CE. According to Jewish tradition, it replaced Solomon's Temple (the First Temple), which was destroyed by the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 586 BCE, when Jerusalem was conquered and part of the population of the Kingdom of Judah was taken into exile to Babylon. The Second Temple was originally a rather",
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"page_id": 24
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5377797",
"chunk_text": "\"Book of Jeremiah\"\neleventh year of king Zedekiah (586), \"\"when Jerusalem went into exile in the sixth month.\"\" During this period, Josiah changed the Judahite religion, Babylon destroyed Assyria, Egypt briefly imposed vassal status on Judah, Babylon defeated Egypt and made Judah a Babylonian vassal (605), Judah revolted but was subjugated again by Babylon (597), and Judah revolted once more. This revolt was the final one: Babylon destroyed Jerusalem and its Temple and exiled its king and many of the leading citizens in 586, ending Judah's existence as an independent or quasi-independent kingdom and inaugurating the Babylonian exile. The book can be conveniently",
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"chunk_text": "\"Tribe of Judah\"\nits low opinion of its larger and richer neighbor to the north, and understands its conquest by Assyria in 722 BCE as divine retribution for the Kingdom's return to idolatry. The tribes of Judah and Benjamin remained loyal to the House of David. These tribes formed the Kingdom of Judah, which existed until Judah was conquered by Babylon in c. 586 BCE and the population deported. When the Jews returned from Babylonian exile, residual tribal affiliations were abandoned, probably because of the impossibility of reestablishing previous tribal land holdings. However, the special religious roles decreed for the Levites and Kohanim",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"chunk_text": "Gedaliah\nmen who were with him, murdered Gedaliah, together with most of the Jews who had joined him and many Babylonians whom Nebuchadnezzar had left with Gedaliah (). The remaining Judeans feared the vengeance of Nebuchadnezzar and fled to Egypt. Although the dates are not clear from the Bible, this probably happened about 582/1 BCE, some four to five years and three months after the destruction of Jerusalem and the First Temple in 586 BCE. To lament the assassination of Gedaliah, which left Judah devoid of any Jews and Jewish rule and completed the destruction of the First Temple, the Jewish",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
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"chunk_text": "\"Jewish history\"\non the day of Tisha B'Av. The Jewish diaspora began with the Assyrian conquest and continued on a much larger scale with the Babylonian conquest, in which the Tribe of Judah was exiled to Babylonia along with the dethroned King of Judah, Jehoiachin, in the 6th century BCE, and was taken into captivity in 597 BCE. The exile continued after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Many more Jews migrated to Babylon in 135 CE after the Bar Kokhba revolt and in the centuries after. Many of the Judaean Jews were sold into slavery while others",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Babylonian captivity\"\nin Babylon continued to consider Jeconiah as their Exilarch, or rightful ruler. Despite warnings by Jeremiah and others of the pro-Babylonian party, Zedekiah revolted against Babylon and entered into an alliance with Pharaoh Hophra. Nebuchadnezzar returned, defeated the Egyptians, and again besieged Jerusalem, resulting in the city's destruction in 587 BCE. Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the city wall and the Temple, together with the houses of the most important citizens. Zedekiah and his sons were captured, the sons were executed in front of Zedekiah, who was then blinded and taken to Babylon with many others (Jer 52:10–11). Judah became a Babylonian province,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Solomon's Temple\"\nSolomon's Temple According to the Hebrew Bible, Solomon's Temple, also known as the First Temple, was the Holy Temple (: \"\"Beit HaMikdash\"\") in ancient Jerusalem before its destruction by Nebuchadnezzar II after the Siege of Jerusalem of 587 BCE and its subsequent replacement with the Second Temple in the 6th century BCE. The Hebrew Bible states that the temple was constructed under Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah and that during the Kingdom of Judah, the temple was dedicated to Yahweh, and is said to have housed the Ark of the Covenant. Jewish historian Josephus says",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Temple in Jerusalem\"\nof Egypt. Although efforts were made at partial reconstruction, it was only in 835 BCE when Jehoash, King of Judah, in the second year of his reign invested considerable sums in reconstruction, only to have it stripped again for Sennacherib, King of Assyria c. 700 BCE. The First Temple was totally destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE, when they sacked the city. According to the Book of Ezra, construction of the Second Temple was authorized by Cyrus the Great and began in 538 BCE, after the fall of the Babylonian Empire the year before. It was completed 23 years",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
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"chunk_text": "Ashdod\ncity changed its name to the more Greek-sounding \"\"Αzotus\"\" ( and prospered until the Hasmonean Revolt. During the rebellion Judas Maccabeus \"\"took it, and laid it waste\"\" (\"\"Antiquities of the Jews\"\" Book 12, 8:6) His brother Jonathan conquered it again in 147 BCE and destroyed the temple of Dagon of biblical fame (\"\"Antiquities\"\" Book 13, 4:4; ). During the rule of Alexander Jannæus, Ashdod was part of his territory (\"\"Antiquities\"\" Book 13, 15:4). After the destruction wreaked during the succession wars between Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II, Pompey restored the independence of Azotus, as he did with all Hellenising coastal",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "513147",
"chunk_text": "Israelites\nby the tribe of Ephraim and the House of Joseph, while the Galilee was associated with the tribe of Naphtali, the most eminent tribe of northern Israel. At the time of the Kingdom of Samaria, the Galilee was populated by northern tribes of Israel, but following the Babylonian exile the region became Jewish. During the Second Temple period relations between the Jews and Samaritans remained tense. In 120 BCE the Hasmonean king Yohanan Hyrcanos I destroyed the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim, due to the resentment between the two groups over a disagreement of whether Mount Moriah in Jerusalem or",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"chunk_id": "18937638",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Palestine\"\nlater, and further conflict between the Babylonians and the 26th dynasty of Egypt is recorded during 601–586 BCE. According to the bible, this culminated in 586 BCE when Jerusalem and the First Temple were destroyed by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II. Most of the surviving Jewish leaders, and much of the other local population, were deported to Babylonia. Following King Cyrus the Great's defeat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire at the Battle of Opis, the region became part of the Eber-Nari satrapy or District number V (corresponding the regions of (Syria, Phoenicia, Palestine and Cyprus) according to Herodotus and Arrian, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
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"chunk_text": "\"Bible prophecy\"\nof exiles (). It lasted 49 years (586–537 BC) from the exile of the majority of Judah () including Jeremiah who was taken to Egypt and leaving behind a poor remnant (). However, some Christian scholars try to explain the figure in a different way stating that Jeremiah gave a round number. Christian commentaries have considered the conquering Persian force an alliance between the Persians and the Medes. One suggests the use of the term \"\"Medes\"\" is due to earlier recognition among the Jews and because the generals of Cyrus were apparently Medes. The destruction of temple by the Romans",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11958962",
"chunk_text": "\"History of ancient Israel and Judah\"\npolitical, religious and economic elite [but not the bulk of the population] was banished and the administrative centre shifted to a new location). There is also a strong probability that for most or all of the period the temple at Bethel in Benjamin replaced that at Jerusalem, boosting the prestige of Bethel's priests (the Aaronites) against those of Jerusalem (the Zadokites), now in exile in Babylon. The Babylonian conquest entailed not just the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple, but the liquidation of the entire infrastructure which had sustained Judah for centuries. The most significant casualty was the state ideology",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Davidic line\"\nthe Davidic line nor to the Tribe of Judah. The Levites had always been excluded from the Israelite monarchy, so when the Maccabees assumed the throne in order to rededicate the defiled Second Temple, a cardinal rule was broken. According to scholars within Orthodox Judaism, this is considered to have contributed to their downfall and the eventual downfall of Judea; internal strife allowing for Roman occupation and the violent installation of Herod the Great as client king over the Roman province of Judea; and the subsequent destruction of the Second Temple by the future Emperor Titus. During the Hasmonean period",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18776277",
"chunk_text": "\"Tribe of Judah\"\napocalyptic vision of the Lion of the tribe of Judah. As part of the kingdom of Judah, the tribe of Judah survived the destruction of Israel by the Assyrians, and instead was subjected to the Babylonian captivity; when the captivity ended, the distinction between the tribes were lost in favour of a common identity. Since Simeon and Benjamin had been very much the junior partners in the Kingdom of Judah, it was Judah that gave its name to the identity—that of the \"\"Jews\"\". After the fall of Jerusalem, Babylonia (modern day Iraq), would become the focus of Jewish life for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
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"chunk_id": "3253692",
"chunk_text": "\"History of ancient Israel and Judah\"\nthis time was a vassal state of Assyria, but Assyrian power collapsed in the 630s, and around 622 Josiah and his supporters launched a bid for independence expressed as loyalty to \"\"Yahweh alone\"\". According to the Deuteronomists, as scholars call these Judean nationalists, the treaty with Yahweh would enable Israel's god to preserve both the city and the king in return for the people's worship and obedience. The destruction of Jerusalem, its Temple, and the Davidic dynasty by Babylon in 587/586 BCE was deeply traumatic and led to revisions of the national mythos during the Babylonian exile. This revision was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Second Temple\"\ngovernor Zerubbabel. However, during the reign of Herod the Great, the Second Temple was completely refurbished, and the original structure was totally overhauled into the large and magnificent edifices and facades that are more recognizable. Much like the Babylonians destroyed the First Temple, the Romans destroyed the Second Temple and Jerusalem in 70 CE as retaliation for an ongoing Jewish revolt. Jewish eschatology includes a belief that the Second Temple will be replaced by a future Third Temple. The accession of Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid Empire in 559 BCE made the re-establishment of the city of Jerusalem and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18255775",
"chunk_text": "\"Babylonian captivity\"\nBabylonian captivity The Babylonian captivity or Babylonian exile is the period in Jewish history during which a number of people from the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia. After the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon besieged Jerusalem, resulting in tribute being paid by King Jehoiakim. Jehoiakim refused to pay tribute in Nebuchadnezzar's fourth year, which led to another siege in Nebuchadnezzar's seventh year, culminating with the death of Jehoiakim and the exile of King Jeconiah, his court and many others; Jeconiah's successor Zedekiah and others were exiled in Nebuchadnezzar's eighteenth year; a later",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_id": "13156608",
"chunk_text": "\"Yehud (Babylonian province)\"\nrebellion. In the early years of the 6th century, despite the strong remonstrances of the prophet Jeremiah and others, king Zedekiah revolted against Nebuchadrezzar and entered into an alliance with pharaoh Hophra of Egypt. The revolt failed, and in 597 BCE many Judahites, including the prophet Ezekiel, were exiled to Babylon. A few years later Judah revolted yet again. In 589 Nebuchadnezzar again besieged Jerusalem, and many Jews fled to Moab, Ammon, Edom and other countries to seek refuge. The city fell after an eighteen-month siege and Nebuchadnezzar again pillaged and destroyed Jerusalem and burned the Temple. Thus, by 586",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2715309",
"chunk_text": "\"Al-Yahudu Tablets\"\nAl-Yahudu Tablets The Al-Yahudu tablets are a collection of about 200 clay tablets from the sixth and fifth centuries BCE on the exiled Judean community in Babylonia following the destruction of the First Temple. They contain information on the physical condition of the exiles from Israel and their financial condition in Babylon. The tablets are named after the central settlement mentioned in the documents, al-Yahudu (Akkadian: The city of Judah). The earliest document in the collection dates back to 572 BCE, about 15 years after the destruction of the Temple, during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II. The most recent tablet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1444056",
"chunk_text": "\"Tribe of Judah\"\nfirst to go to occupy its allotted territory, and the tribe of Judah was identified as the first tribe. According to the narrative in the Book of Judges, the tribe of Judah invited the tribe of Simeon to fight with them in alliance to secure each of their allotted territories. As is the case with Joshua, most scholars do not believe that the book of Judges contains reliable history. The Book of Samuel describes God's repudiation of a monarchic line arising from the northern Tribe of Benjamin due to the sinfulness of King Saul, which was then bestowed onto the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4738617",
"chunk_text": "Exilarch\nExilarch The Exilarch ( \"\"Rosh Galut\"\", \"\"Reysh Galuta\"\" or \"\"Resh Galvata\"\" lit. \"\"head of the exile\"\", \"\"Raas al-Galut\"\", Greek: \"\"Aechmalotarches\"\" lit. \"\"leader of the captives\"\") was the leader of the Diaspora Jewish community in Babylon following the deportation of King Jeconiah and his court into Babylonian exile after the first fall of Jerusalem in 597 BCE and augmented after the further deportations following the destruction of the kingdom of Judah in 587 BCE. The people in exile were called \"\"golah\"\" (, ) or \"\"galut\"\" (). The Greek term has continued to be applied to the position, notwithstanding changes to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3753441",
"chunk_text": "\"Origins of Judaism\"\nnotable features, its uncompromising monotheism. The people of ancient Israel and Judah, however, were not followers of Judaism: they were practitioners of a polytheistic culture worshiping multiple gods, concerned with fertility and local shrines and legends, and not with a written Torah, elaborate laws governing ritual purity, or an exclusive covenant and national god. In 586 BCE Jerusalem was destroyed by the Babylonians, and the Judean elite – royal family, the priests, the scribes and other members of the elite – were taken to Babylon in captivity. They represented only a minority of the population, and Judah, after recovering from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6062362",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Jews in Iran\"\nlost tribes were expelled to the land of the Medes in modern-day Iran. The book of Tobit, which is part of the Apocrypha suggests that there were people from the tribe of Naphtali living in Rhages (Rey, Iran) and Ecbatana (Hamedan) at the time of the Assyrians (Book of Tobit 6:12). Three times during the 6th century BC, the Jews (Hebrews) of the ancient Kingdom of Judah were exiled to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. These three separate occasions are mentioned in Jeremiah (52:28-30). The first exile was in the time of Jehoiachin in 597 BC, when the Temple of Jerusalem was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5653505",
"chunk_text": "Esau\nor all this gold and silver?” Esau's selling to Jacob his right to be buried in the Cave of the Patriarchs is also recorded in \"\"Sefer HaYashar\"\". Esau was also known as Edom, the progenitor of the Edomites who were established to the south of the Israelites. They were an enemy nation of Israel. The minor prophets, such as Obadiah, claim that the Edomites participated in the destruction of the First Temple by Nebuchadnezzar in 587 BC. Exactly how the Edomites participated is not clear. Psalm 137 (\"\"By the waters of Babylon\"\") suggests merely that Edom had encouraged the Babylonians:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3318075",
"chunk_text": "\"Ten Lost Tribes\"\nTen Lost Tribes The ten lost tribes were the ten of the Twelve Tribes of Israel that were said to have been deported from the Kingdom of Israel after its conquest by the Neo-Assyrian Empire circa 722 BCE. These are the tribes of Reuben, Simeon, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Manasseh and Ephraim. Claims of descent from the \"\"lost\"\" tribes have been proposed in relation to many groups, and some religions espouse a messianic view that the tribes will return. In the 7th and 8th centuries CE, the return of the lost tribes was associated with the concept of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_618
|
where is the white castle that harold and kumar go to?
|
n/a
|
[
"in Cherry Hill"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "14368650",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nHarold & Kumar Go to White Castle Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle is a 2004 American stoner comedy film and the first installment of the \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" series. The film was written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg, and directed by Danny Leiner. The story follows Harold Lee (John Cho) and Kumar Patel (Kal Penn) as they decide to go to the fast food chain White Castle after smoking marijuana, but end up on a series of comical misadventures along the way. The film also features Fred Willard, Paula Garcés, Anthony Anderson, Dan Bochart, Ethan Embry, Jamie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12587053",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\ncharacter is portrayed by John Cho in all three films. In \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", Harold is a hard-working man from the northern part of New Jersey. His lazy best friend and roommate is Kumar Patel. At times, Harold lets go of his obligations, but only during moments of extreme coercion, to the point where he amazes his laid-back friend Kumar. Harold is the yin to Kumar's yang, with the both of them being united through their enjoyment of cannabis smoking after a long day's work and or leisurely fun (such as aboard an airplane in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "4983087",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nas himself in the script without asking him first. Harris liked the script and agreed to appear in the film. During casting, both Kal Penn and actor Sendhil Ramamurthy were being considered for the role of Kumar. After auditioning seven times, Penn eventually won the part. \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" began filming on May 12, 2003. The film is set in New Jersey, but was mainly filmed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Scenes set at Princeton University were actually filmed at the University of Toronto's Victoria College and Knox College. The production design team had to build a White Castle franchise especially",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7789828",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nto the nearest White Castle in New Brunswick, they find it replaced by \"\"Burger Shack\"\" but learn of another White Castle in Cherry Hill. Kumar suggests stopping at Princeton University to buy more marijuana. Kumar buys marijuana from one of the students and they are discovered by campus security and forced to flee, losing their marijuana after it falls in the toilet. Harold and Kumar resume their drive, and when Kumar pulls over to urinate, a raccoon gets in the car and bites Harold. Kumar takes Harold to a hospital where Kumar's father and older brother work. Kumar steals ID",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14368651",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nKennedy, Bobby Lee, Christopher Meloni, Ryan Reynolds, Shaun Majumder, David Krumholtz, Eddie Kaye Thomas, Malin Åkerman, and Neil Patrick Harris, who plays a fictionalized version of himself. Investment banker Harold Lee is persuaded by his colleagues to do their work while they leave for the weekend. Meanwhile, Kumar Patel attends a medical school interview, but intentionally botches it to prevent getting accepted. Harold is attracted to his neighbor, Maria, but is unable to admit his feelings. After smoking marijuana with Kumar, and seeing an advertisement for White Castle, the pair decide to get hamburgers to satisfy their hunger. After traveling",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4983092",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nKumar trying to get to Amsterdam to find Maria, but when the two are mistaken for terrorists on the plane, they are sent to the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. Both Hurwitz and Schlossberg announced plans to write a third \"\"Harold and Kumar\"\" film, with Greg Shapiro returning as producer, and Kal Penn and John Cho returning in their title roles, while Todd Strauss-Schulson directed the film. \"\"A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas\"\", was released on November 4, 2011 in 2D and 3D. Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle is a 2004",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4983080",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nten days. Kumar convinces Harold to go with him to Amsterdam to pursue Maria, reminding him that marijuana is legal in the Netherlands. While living in Los Angeles, screenwriters Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg decided to write a low-budget stoner film and base the main characters on their high school friends from Randolph High School. They based the character of Harold on their real-life friend Harold Lee. Hurwitz got the idea to base the film around White Castle from his own experience craving White Castle burgers when he lived in Pennsylvania for several years. At the time, Pennsylvania did not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7789831",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nride it to White Castle, but Harold goes unconscious after hitting his head on a branch. After encountering a group of extreme sports punks who have been harassing the pair, Harold and Kumar steal their truck. A police officer spots the speeding truck and chases them. They are trapped when they reach the edge of a cliff. Spotting the White Castle below, Harold and Kumar use a hang glider from the truck to reach their destination. The pair place their orders but are disheartened to find they have no money. Harris suddenly appears, and pays for their meal as an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14368658",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nhave any White Castle locations and Hurwitz had to have family members bring him frozen White Castle burgers from New Jersey. The filmmakers received permission from White Castle in 2002 to use the chain's name in the film. One scene that depicted a White Castle being closed was changed at the request of the company's director of marketing. The film was also supposed to feature a hunt for Krispy Kreme donuts, but the food was changed to hotdogs when Krispy Kreme refused to allow the film to use their name. Hurwitz and Schlossberg included a role for Neil Patrick Harris",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4784705",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nHarold & Kumar Harold & Kumar is the name for a series of American stoner comedy films starring John Cho (Harold) and Kal Penn (Kumar). The first film, \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", was released on July 30, 2004, by New Line Cinema and spawned a sequel titled \"\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\", released four years later. \"\"A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas\"\", the third installment of the series, opened nationwide in the U.S. on November 4, 2011. The three films, produced on a total budget of US$40 million, grossed $116 million worldwide. In addition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4784715",
"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nHarold that arrived at their old apartment. Inside the package is a marijuana joint, which winds up burning down Harold's Christmas tree; after an eventful night of looking for a replacement tree, it is revealed that the package was a gift from Santa Claus, who wanted the two to become friends again. Kumar Patel is an Indian American student residing in New Jersey. His family includes his father and brother Saikat Patel. The character was created by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg, and is portrayed by Kal Penn in all three films. In \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\",",
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"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\nVery Harold & Kumar Christmas\"\" was released on November 4, 2011. Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay is a 2008 American stoner comedy film, and the second installment of the \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" series. The film was written and directed by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The story continues where \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" leaves off, with Harold Lee (John Cho) and Kumar Patel (Kal Penn) flying to Amsterdam, but they are imprisoned after being mistaken for terrorists, and end up on a series of comical misadventures when they",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\nnot on the soundtrack album, include: Hurwitz and Schlossberg—who wrote the original \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\"—were to direct the follow-up from their original script. On January 31, 2007, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" announced that David Krumholtz, Neil Patrick Harris, Rob Corddry, Christopher Meloni, Ed Helms, Eddie Kaye Thomas, Paula Garces, Jack Conley, Roger Bart, Danneel Harris, and Eric Winter will join John Cho and Kal Penn in \"\"Harold & Kumar 2\"\". Filming began in the third week of January 2007 in Shreveport, Louisiana. Filming concluded in March 2007, after which Kal Penn was able to start guest teaching",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nfor the shoot since Canada does not have White Castle restaurants. During filming, Penn ate veggie burgers as he is a vegetarian. \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle: Original Soundtrack\"\" was released on July 27, 2004. It contains 16 songs from the film. Songs that are in the film but do not appear on the soundtrack include: In the 11 days before the film's release, New Line Cinema turned a parking lot on Sunset Strip into a temporary White Castle. The restaurant served 40,000 burgers to patrons, including Quentin Tarantino, Farah Fawcett and Jay Leno. White Castle launched several",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\npromotions in tandem with the film's release. The restaurant chain featured beverage cups with pictures of Harold and Kumar. They also provided free hamburgers to moviegoers attending the film's premiere. Cho and Penn were inducted into the company's White Castle Cravers Hall of Fame in 2004. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $5,480,378 in 2,135 theatres in the United States and Canada. In total it had a worldwide gross of $23,936,908. The film was positively received by critics, with a 74% rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on 147 reviews; the consensus states, \"\"The likable leads and subversion of racial",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\ndisgust. Kumar picks up a hitchhiker, Neil Patrick Harris, who is high on ecstasy. Harold and Kumar go into a convenience store to get directions and Harris drives away in their car. The duo are then harassed by a racist police officer for jaywalking. Harold attempts to punch Kumar for antagonizing the officer, but ends up punching the officer instead, resulting in his arrest. Kumar fakes a 911 call to distract the police and breaks into the station to free Harold. After Harold and Kumar flee the pair encounters an escaped cheetah. After smoking marijuana with it, they decide to",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\nHarold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay is a 2008 American stoner comedy film, and the second installment of the \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" series. The film was written and directed by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The story continues where \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" leaves off, with Harold Lee (John Cho) and Kumar Patel (Kal Penn) flying to Amsterdam, but they are imprisoned after being mistaken for terrorists, and end up on a series of comical misadventures when they escape from Guantanamo Bay. The film also stars Paula Garcés, Neil",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nbuilding as Harold and Kumar. They declined to go to White Castle with Harold and Kumar as they chose Hot Dog Heaven instead, but in the third movie did go to White Castle. In the third movie, Goldstein has a son named Christian and stated he had converted to Christianity after marrying his wife, and even wished to uncircumcise himself, which all aggravated Rosenberg who still practices Judaism. Harold & Kumar Harold & Kumar is the name for a series of American stoner comedy films starring John Cho (Harold) and Kal Penn (Kumar). The first film, \"\"Harold & Kumar Go",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nevents of Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle, Harold Lee and Kumar Patel fly to Amsterdam so Harold can pursue a budding romance with his vacationing neighbor. The pair run into Vanessa, Kumar's ex-girlfriend, and her fiancé Colton, another old college buddy who helped Harold with getting a job at Brewster-Keagan, at the airport. During the plane flight, an elderly woman sees Kumar lighting a hand-crafted smokeless bong, who thinks that it is a bomb, and screams \"\"Terrorist!\"\". After a confusion of the words \"\"bong\"\" and \"\"bomb\"\", two undercover air marshals tackle Kumar, who accidentally drops the bong on",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nto their box office grosses, the films were successful on home video. The series has been released on both Blu-ray and DVD. Harold Lee and Kumar Patel are two Asian-American (Korean and Indian) stoners who get the munchies and embark on a quest throughout New Jersey for White Castle burgers after seeing them advertised on TV. On their way they encounter many obstacles, including a gang of extreme sports punks, a raccoon with an attitude, a group of Asian nerds, a racist police department, a cheetah that has escaped from a zoo, and an out-of-control Neil Patrick Harris. Following the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\napology for stealing their car. Kumar realizes he wants to be a doctor, but is afraid of conforming to the stereotype of Indians becoming doctors. Harold then notices his co-workers pull up with two women and gets angry at them because they said they had to work with clients but were actually out partying. He tells them off and threatens to get them fired and humiliated if it happens again. After returning to their apartment they encounter Maria. Harold professes his feelings for her and they kiss. She informs Harold that she is leaving for Amsterdam but will return in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\na making-of featurette about the Land of Burgers animated segment. The DVD also features two commentaries: one by writers Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg and one by actor Dan Bochart in character as Extreme Sports Punk #1. The film was re-released on DVD in 2007 and a remastered edition was released in 2008. The film was released on Blu-ray on November 13, 2012. As of August 17, 2008, the film had 2,878,770 DVD sales in the United States, grossing $30,609,751. \"\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\" is the 2008 sequel to \"\"White Castle\"\". The movie revolves around Harold and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nbadges to obtain medical marijuana, but after being mistaken for his brother, Kumar is forced to perform surgery on a gunshot victim and, after the surgery, the patient tells them how to reach White Castle. Kumar spots Maria at a movie theatre, and decides to get her attention so Harold can talk to her, but Harold panics and crashes the car. They are rescued by Freakshow, a tow-truck driver, who takes them to his house to repair their car. Harold and Kumar are propositioned by Freakshow's surprisingly alluring wife, but after Freakshow suggests a foursome, Harold and Kumar flee in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gary Archibald\"\nhas specialized in weather and sports. Born and raised in Toronto, Ontario, Gary Archibald is a graduate of the University of Toronto, Centennial College, and Mississippi State University. Since 1996, Archibald has worked as a professional model throughout North America, originally represented by Elite Model Management (Toronto)- and later by Ford Models (Toronto & New York). He is also an actor (since 1997), who has appeared in numerous television commercials. He had a small role in the 2004 film \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\". His first reporting work was with Rogers Television in Toronto (2000–2002) as a sportscaster",
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"chunk_text": "\"Jon Hurwitz\"\nJon Hurwitz Jonathan Benjamin Hurwitz (born November 15, 1977) is an American screenwriter, director, and producer. Hurwitz was born in New Jersey, and grew up mostly in Upper St. Clair, Pennsylvania and Randolph, New Jersey. He is an alumnus of Randolph High School and a graduate of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Hurwitz, with Hayden Schlossberg, created the Harold & Kumar film franchise. They wrote \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", wrote/directed/co-produced \"\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\", and wrote/co-produced \"\"A Very Harold & Kumar Christmas\"\". Hurwitz & Schlossberg first met and became friends at",
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"chunk_text": "\"Rashard and Wallace Go to White Castle\"\nwriting credit and Kretchmer's seventh directing credit. Teddy Dunn continues to be credited, despite his final regular appearance in \"\"Donut Run\"\". In this episode, Jackie Cook (Tessa Thompson) makes her reappearance after a seven-episode absence (her last previous appearance was in \"\"Blast from the Past\"\". The episode's title references \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\". The episode features a cameo appearance by Britt Daniel, the frontman of Spoon, who sings \"\"Veronica\"\" as a karaoke song. Several songs by Spoon had been featured on the show previously. Cress Williams returns as Nathan Woods in the episode as well. In its",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Biriyani (film)\"\nin Hindi as \"\"Dum Biryani\"\" by Goldmines Telefilms in 2016. The fim received mixed to positive reviews and was a box office success. The movie was reported to be based on the 2004 American movie \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\". The movie starts with Sugan (Karthi) and his friend Parasuram (Premgi Amaren) being chased by cops. The flashback shows Sugan as a womaniser who has a weakness for Biryani and Parasuram who is his childhood friend. Sugans womaniser attitude always gets him into a fight with his girlfriend Priyanka (Hansika Motwani). Sugan and Parasuram attending a function for",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\nPatrick Harris, Jon Reep, Rob Corddry, Ed Helms, David Krumholtz, Eddie Kaye Thomas, Jack Conley, Roger Bart, Danneel Harris, Eric Winter, Adam Herschman, and Richard Christy. The film was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros.; this film was the first New Line Cinema title to be distributed by Warner Bros. since New Line Cinema became a division of Warner Bros. It is also the first \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" film made in association with Mandate Pictures. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on July 29, 2008. After returning home from White Castle, Harold Lee and Kumar",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nthe floor, breaking it and releasing what another passenger thinks is \"\"Poison gas!\"\". Harold and Kumar are detained by Ron Fox, a racist Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security, in Washington, D.C., who then sends them to the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. But just as they are about to eat a \"\"cockmeat sandwich\"\", the neighboring prisoners assault the guards and they are able to escape back to the United States. They meet with their college friend, Raza, who arranges a car for them to travel to Texas in search of Colton, a member of a family who has connections with political",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay\"\njoint Al-Qaeda and North Korean conspiracy and send them to Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba. The duo escape and board a Cuban refugee boat to Miami, Florida where they begin their trek to Texas, hoping Colton can clear their names. The duo endure several misadventures on their way to Texas, such as staying at the home of an incestuous sibling couple and their inbred son, escaping a Ku Klux Klan rally, and visiting a brothel with Neil Patrick Harris, who helps them evade capture from Fox. When they reach Texas, Colton agrees to exonerate the duo, but upon seeing",
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"chunk_text": "\"A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas\"\nHouse on June 1, 2010 to reprise his role as Kumar in the third Harold & Kumar installment. Filming took place in Detroit, Michigan, then Los Angeles and New York City from June to August 2010, with the use of Panavision Genesis and Element Technica 3D Rig. The film was released in RealD 3D on November 4, 2011. Animators of Laika created the clay animation scene. After filming was completed, Penn returned to the White House. Cho and Penn went on a tour to promote the film in different college towns. At each stop they had a bus hand out",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nher, even offering to return to medical school and give up marijuana. Vanessa decides to give him another chance, also telling him he shouldn't give up his favorite recreational activity. All three films feature Neil Patrick Harris playing a fictionalized version of himself. In the films, Harris is portrayed as a heavy drug user and womanizer, despite being openly gay in real life. Harris didn't publicly come out until 2006, two years after \"\"White Castle\"\" was released. Although \"\"Guantanamo Bay\"\" was released two years after Harris came out, his fictional self was still characterized as a womanizer until the third",
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"chunk_text": "\"Partnership for Drug-Free Kids\"\nand Procter & Gamble. In 1997 it discontinued any direct fiscal association with tobacco and alcohol suppliers, although it still receives donations from pharmaceutical companies. There has been criticism that some of its PSAs have had \"\"little proven effect on drug use.\"\" Some of the campaigns run by the PDFA have been either satirized or referred to in popular media. In the comedy film \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" (2004), John Cho and Kal Penn's characters are watching the \"\"Harmless\"\" PSA while intoxicated from marijuana. The advertisement in question features two teen boys smoking marijuana; one of them",
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"chunk_text": "\"Twinkie (slur)\"\nwho fall for New Age falsehoods may also be teased as being \"\"twinkies\"\". Another use of the pejorative can be in describing Asian Americans (along with others) who has become completely (or almost completely) integrated into White American, or mainstream American culture, thus losing their traditional Asian values (and etc.). A reference to \"\"Twinkie\"\" can be seen in the 2004 film \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", where Harold, a Korean American, is referred to as a \"\"Twinkie\"\". This term is derived from the traditional metaphor \"\"banana\"\" and means \"\"yellow on the outside, white on the inside\"\". This term",
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"chunk_text": "\"Camden County, New Jersey\"\nArts has locations in Moorestown and Collingswood. The Scottish Rite Auditorium in Collingswood, recognized on the American Institute of Architects's list of \"\"150 Best Buildings and Places\"\" in New Jersey, hosts national music and theater performances. Poet Walt Whitman lived in Camden County. Matthew Quick's novel \"\"The Silver Linings Playbook\"\" is set in Collingswood and Voorhees, although the screen adaptation is set in Pennsylvania. \"\"The Last Broadcast\"\" was partially filmed in the Pine Barrens. \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" is partially set in Cherry Hill. Camden was the setting for several scenes in \"\"12 Monkeys\"\". Camden County hosts",
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"chunk_text": "\"Bobby Lee\"\nBobby Lee Robert Lee Jr. (born September 18, 1971) is an American actor and comedian of Korean descent, best known for being a cast member on \"\"MADtv\"\" from 2001 to 2009 and for his roles in the films \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" (2004), \"\"Pineapple Express\"\" (2008), and \"\"The Dictator\"\" (2012). Lee currently co-stars in the ABC single-camera sitcom series \"\"Splitting Up Together\"\" alongside Jenna Fischer and Oliver Hudson. In 2016, Lee and his girlfriend, Khalyla Kuhn, started a weekly podcast titled \"\"Tigerbelly\"\", which currently has over 210,000 subscribers on YouTube. Lee was born Robert Lee, Jr. in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\nstereotypes elevate Harold and Kumar above the typical stoner comedy.\"\" Film critic Roger Ebert of the \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\" awarded the film 3 out of 4 stars and wrote \"\"One secret of fiction is the creation of unique characters who are precisely defined. The secret of comedy is the same, with the difference being that the characters must be obsessed with unwholesome but understandable human desires.\"\" The \"\"Extreme Unrated\"\" edition of the DVD was released on January 4, 2005. It includes special features like a mockumentary, \"\"The Art of the Fart,\"\" \"\"The Backseat Interview,\"\" an interview with Cho and Penn, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Albert Howell\"\nHowell has appeared in the films \"\"Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", \"\"Childstar\"\", \"\"Plain Brown Rapper\"\", and \"\"Take This Waltz\"\" directed by Sarah Polley. Albert has been nominated for a Gemini Award and has won three Writers Guild of Canada awards and a Canadian Comedy Award. Howell was also a minor candidate for Mayor of Toronto in the 2003 municipal election. He came in fifteenth, receiving 0.1% of the vote. Albert Howell Albert Howell is a Canadian improv comedian and poet. He has appeared in several films and television shows, and has received recognition for his screenwriting as well",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Castle (restaurant)\"\nrepresents less than 1% of the total stories submitted since the inception of the Cravers' Hall of Fame, an indication of the exclusivity of the honor. Starting in 2011, the Long Island White Castle has become a frequent setting for challenges on the show Impractical Jokers, during which the contestants pose as cashiers, drive-thru workers and janitors. The Ingram family's steadfast refusal to franchise or take on debt throughout the company's existence has kept the chain relatively small, with a more discontinuous geography than its principal competitors. There are over 420 White Castle outlets, predominantly in the Midwest, Kentucky, and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Danneel Harris\"\nto White Castle\"\". Filming took place in Shreveport, Louisiana that same month. The film was released in April 2008 to mostly negative reviews (with aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes giving it an average of 53%), despite the film grossing over $43,439,123 worldwide. Harris reprises the role of Vanessa Fanning in the third and final installment of the trilogy, \"\"A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas\"\", which was released in November 2011. In both 2009 and 2010, Harris had small supporting roles in the films \"\"Fired Up!\"\" and \"\"The Back-up Plan\"\". In May 2009, Harris was announced to have been cast in",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Castle (restaurant)\"\nTennessee. The exceptions are a significant smattering of outlets in the New York metropolitan region, two locations in Nevada, and two in Shanghai. By comparison, there are over 36,000 McDonald's locations globally, with approximately 14,000 of those in the United States. The chain does, however, sell frozen sliders at supermarkets nationwide, with availability varying by chain. Some locations are also cobranded with Church's Chicken. Current White Castle markets include Chicago, Cincinnati, Columbus, Ohio, Dayton, Detroit, Indianapolis, Las Vegas, Louisville, Lexington, Minneapolis–St. Paul, Nashville, New York City/New Jersey/Pennsylvania and St. Louis. Louisville and Columbus also house bulk-manufacturing (grocery-store sales, meat and",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Castle (restaurant)\"\nwheat. Ingram developed a device to produce previously unheard of paper hats. In 1932, Ingram set up a subsidiary, Paperlynen, to produce these hats and other paper products used in his restaurants as well as for many other purposes. At the time, White Castle's distribution stretched from Wichita to New York. Ingram decided the central office should be in the center of the distribution area. To accommodate this, in 1936, the central office was relocated to Columbus, Ohio. In the same year, Ingram decided to close all of the restaurants in the two smallest-profit markets (Wichita and Omaha). In 1955,",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Castle (restaurant)\"\nthe entire state of Kansas. White Castle is one of the few restaurant chains that does not have a location in its original city. White Castle is also unusual in that their store locations include a region that is essentially a significant \"\"exclave\"\" to its primary area. It has many stores in metropolitan New York City, though the next nearest location outside the metropolitan area is located hundreds of miles away in the Midwest. White Castle (restaurant) White Castle is an American regional hamburger restaurant chain in the Midwestern region of the United States with a location in Shanghai, China.",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Castle Building No. 8\"\nWhite Castle Building No. 8 White Castle Building Number 8 is a former White Castle restaurant building in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It was one of the few prefabricated, portable buildings built by the chain, and is now operated as an antique/vintage goods shop. The building, measuring only 28 feet by 28 feet, has had three different locations in Minneapolis. The restaurant was originally located at 616 Washington Avenue Southeast near the University of Minnesota campus (in the Stadium Village neighborhood) in 1936. In 1950 the building was moved to 329 Central Avenue Southeast when the owner of the Washington",
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"chunk_text": "\"Errol Sitahal\"\nErrol Sitahal Errol Sitahal is an Indo-Trinidadian actor, residing in Canada, who has acted in several Hollywood films. In 1995, he played a character named Ram, the Indian manservant, in the film, \"\"A Little Princess\"\". The same year he also appeared with Chris Farley and David Spade in a scene from the movie \"\"Tommy Boy\"\", where he played the third \"\"\"\"Yes\"\"\"\" executive. In 2004, he played the stern Dr. Patel, father to Kumar (Kal Penn) and Kumar's older brother Saikat (Shaun Majumder), in \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\". Sitahal has also acted on television. In 2005 he starred",
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"chunk_text": "\"Siu Ta\"\nof an on-line comic book biography by \"\"Cerebus\"\" artist Dave Sim, titled \"\"Siu Ta (so far)\"\". She also had a small role in the comedy/adventure movie \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\" as Cindy Kim. She has most recently appeared as a major recurring character in the TV show \"\"The Best Years\"\". Ta is based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Siu Ta Siu Ta is a Vietnamese-Canadian actress and independent short film producer. Born in South Vietnam, she moved to Canada with her family at age seven. A graduate of the University of Toronto majoring in drama, she has been",
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"chunk_text": "\"Jeff Kushner\"\nJeff Kushner Jeff Kushner (Born May 4, 1965) is a Film Editor, Supervising Sound Editor and educator who has worked in various post production positions since 1987. He also taught film history and sound design at the Los Angeles Film School between 2005 and 2008. Editing and Supervising Sound credits include \"\"Sling Blade\"\", \"\"Frogs for Snakes\"\", \"\"Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", \"\"Drowning Mona\"\" and \"\"I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell\"\". His dialogue, sound effects, ADR and/or Foley credits include the television shows \"\"\"\", \"\"House M.D.\"\", \"\"Crossing Jordan\"\" and \"\"30 Rock\"\". His feature credits include \"\"Unfaithful\"\", \"\"Mystery Men\"\",",
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"chunk_text": "\"Harold & Kumar\"\nShapiro returned as producer with Kal Penn and John Cho reprising their title roles. Penn left his job with the White House on June 1, 2010 to reprise his role as Kumar in the third Harold & Kumar installment. After filming was completed, Penn returned to the White House. \"\"A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas\"\" was released on November 4, 2011 and was the first film in the series to be shown in 3-D. Harold and Kumar embark on an adventure to find a new Christmas tree after Kumar destroys the original. In July, 2016, co-star John Cho revealed",
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"chunk_text": "\"White Palace (film)\"\nrestaurant look on. Max playfully clears the table of its contents and lays a laughing Nora down on it, climbing on top of her and passionately kissing her, while the whole restaurant cheers and applauds. The original title for the film was to have been \"\"The White Castle\"\", and the novel even makes reference to a specific real White Castle location at the intersection of S. Grand Blvd. and Gravois Ave. in south St. Louis, but the restaurant chain refused permission to use its trademarked name in either the novel or the film, and also refused permission to allow any",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7566340",
"chunk_text": "\"White T\"\nWhite T and has his own plans to perform at the concert. With the help of a gypsy, a goat, and cast of characters as big as Herbert and Henry's appetites, White T is a feel good urban adventure reminiscent of \"\"Dude Where's My Car\"\", \"\"Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle\"\", and \"\"Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory\"\". White T White T is a 2013 rap comedy film directed by Lance Frank and starring Jerod Mixon and Jamal Mixon. The film was released on 14 May 2013. Herbert & Henry (Jerod and Jamal Mixon) are twin brothers with dreams",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_619
|
when was child benefit paid for the first child?
|
n/a
|
[
"1975"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15877056",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nand from October 1956, by the Family Allowances Act and National Insurance Act 1956, to 8\"\"s\"\" for the second child with 10\"\"s\"\" (= £0.50) for the third and subsequent children. By 1955, some 5,000,000 allowances were being paid, to about 3,250,000 families. It was modified in 1977, with the payments being termed \"\"child benefit\"\" and given for the eldest child as well as the younger ones; by 1979 it was worth £4 per child per week. In 1991, the system was further altered, with a higher payment now given for the first child than for their younger siblings. In October",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779105",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nchild benefit, payable for the first child only, was introduced in 1991. This was £1 higher than the rate payable for subsequent children, which was again frozen, at £7.25/week. From 1991 Child Benefit increased in line with inflation, until 1998, when the new Labour government increased the first child rate by more than 20%, and abolished the Lone Parent rate. Rates increased again in line with inflation until 2010, since which time they have been frozen. Effective from 7 January 2013, Child Benefit, a universal benefit since its introduction, became means tested - those earning more than £50,000 per year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779096",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nChild benefits in the United Kingdom Child benefits in the United Kingdom are a series of welfare payments and tax credits made to parents with children in the UK, a major part of the welfare state. The first modern child tax credit was introduced in the 1909 'People's Budget' of Lloyd-George. This introduced a £10 income tax allowance per child, for tax payers earning under £500 per annum. Following extensive Parliamentary debate, the Budget became law as the Finance Act (1909–1910) 1910 on 29 April 1910. Since the income tax rate was then 1 shilling, two pence in the pound",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15877057",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\n2010, the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government announced that Child Benefit would be withdrawn from households containing a higher-rate taxpayer from January 2013. After some controversy, this was amended so that any household with at least one person with prescribed income over £50,000 would lose Child Benefit by a taper which removed it altogether when the income reached £60,000. This came into force on 7 January 2013. Today, child benefit is administered by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC). As of April 2015, this is £20.70 per week for the first child (including the eldest of a multiple birth) and £13.70",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779100",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nchildren was increased to ten shillings per week, and the maximum age for payments for dependent children was increased from 15 to 18. In 1968 the rates were increased from 8 to 15 and then 18 shillings and from 10 to 17 shillings and then £1 respectively, but this was paid for in part by a reduction in the value of child tax allowance, so that the poor would benefit, but the middle classes did not. In 1975, the rate was increased to £1.50 for each child after the first. Family Income Supplement was introduced in 1970 by the new",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15877055",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nFinally, with the return of Labour to power, the National Minimum Wage Act 1998 set a minimum wage of £3.60 per hour, with lower rates for younger workers. It largely affected workers in high-turnover service industries such as fast-food restaurants, and people from ethnic minority backgrounds. The system was first implemented in August 1946 as \"\"family allowances\"\" under the Family Allowances Act 1945, at a rate of 5\"\"s\"\" (= £0.25) per week per child in a family, except for the eldest. This was raised from September 1952, by the Family Allowances and National Insurance Act 1952, to 8\"\"s\"\" (= £0.40),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9623858",
"chunk_text": "\"Baby bonus\"\nof $5,000 for their 1st child, $10,000 for their second child, and $20,000 per child for all subsequent children. PTR can be used to offset the income tax payable. Any unutilized balance is automatically carried forward to offset the future income tax payable. Any credit balance remaining is not refundable. This rebate may be shared with the spouse. Baby bonus A baby bonus is a government payment to parents of a newborn baby or adopted child to assist with the costs of childrearing. The government of Andrew Fisher introduced a baby bonus of £5 per child in late 1912. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779099",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nfor various levels of family allowance. These were not immediately adopted, and following the publication of the Beveridge Report, which called for subsistence levels of payments, uprated with the cost of living, the Family Allowances Act 1945 was passed. This provide for a five shilling per week payment for each child, after the first. This was designed to support large families, and was set well below the nine shilling a week subsistence level (further devalued by inflation) recommended by Beveridge. In 1952 the rate was increased to eight shillings per week. In 1956 the rate for the third and subsequent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779106",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nwould have part of their benefit withdrawn, and if earning over £60,000, would receive nothing at all. The charge was based on individual, not household income, hence two earners on £49,999 would receive full child benefit, while one earner earning £60,000 would receive none. The following are the rates that apply as of March 2017. Child benefits in the United Kingdom Child benefits in the United Kingdom are a series of welfare payments and tax credits made to parents with children in the UK, a major part of the welfare state. The first modern child tax credit was introduced in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779103",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nthe rejected previous Heath government's Tax Credit proposal that would have replaced PAYE, integrating tax and benefits. Child benefits introduced for the first time a universal payment, paid for each child, doubling the number of children within its scope. Like the family allowance, which it replaced, the new benefit was not means tested; an attempt by the Callaghan government to introduce this was thwarted in 1976 when cabinet papers were leaked to the Child Poverty Action Group. The rate payable was £1/week for the first and £1.50 for each subsequent child. An addition 50p was payable to lone-parent families. Unlike",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "95033",
"chunk_text": "\"Child's Special Allowance\"\nChild's Special Allowance Child's Special Allowance was a payment under the United Kingdom system of Social Security. It was instituted by Harold Macmillan in 1959 for the orphaned children of divorced parents, It was a Contributory non-means tested benefit, paid in addition to Child benefit to a divorced woman whose husband had died, whose ex-partner had been paying maintenance and who had not got a new partner. It was not taxable, but was taken into account for meanstested benefits. It was abolished, as far as new claims were concerned, in April 1987. At that point it was paid at a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12220136",
"chunk_text": "\"Family Allowances Act 1945\"\nFamily Allowances Act 1945 The Family Allowances Act 1945 (8 & 9 Geo. VI c. 41) was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom. Enacted in June 1945 when a caretaker Conservative government was in power, it came into operation from August 6, 1946, and was the first law to provide child benefit in the United Kingdom. Family allowances had been one of the items proposed by the Beveridge Report in 1942. The Labour Party briefly debated pressing for allowances during the Second World War, but a party conference resolution to this end was opposed by the trades unions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779102",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nfor each subsequent child, based on a maximum income threshold of £90/week, plus £10/week for each additional child. In addition, the numbers of families in receipt of the benefit, which showed no increase in the number of recipients over the 1970s (in 1972, there were 89,000 in receipt, and in 1980, 88,000), grew increased sevenfold over the course of the 1979–1997 Conservative governments. The Social Security Act 1986 provided for Family Income Supplement to be replaced with Family Credit, a similar scheme. The Child Benefit Bill was introduced in 1975 by Barbara Castle, based on the child credit element of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9685249",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nConservative government of Edward Heath, following a child poverty campaign, effective from August 1971, and provided for a payment to families on low wages. Claimants were required to provide payslips, to prove they were in employment, for a minimum of 24 hours per week. Takeup of the benefit was initially poor, with less than half of those eligible claiming. Rates were raised largely in line with inflation to 1979, but several above-inflation increases followed under the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher. By November 1984, rates had risen to a maximum £23/week for one child, and an additional maximum of £2/week",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779104",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nthe family allowance, provision was made for the rate to be uprated, at the Secretary of State's discretion, each year. By the end of 1978 the rate had been increased to £3/week for each child, with an additional £2/week payable to lone-parent families. In 1979 the Child Tax Allowance was removed, the value of the allowance taken up in higher child benefit payments, now £4/week, plus £2.50/week extra for lone-parent families. Child benefit rates were uprated roughly in line with inflation until 1988, but subsequently was frozen until 1990, in order to curb welfare spending. A new higher rate of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2197565",
"chunk_text": "\"Family Income Supplement\"\nFamily Income Supplement Family Income Supplement was a means-tested benefit for working people with children introduced in Britain in 1970 by the Conservative government of Edward Heath, effective from August 1971. It was not intended to be a permanent feature of the social security system. It was abolished by the Social Security Act 1986 and replaced by Family Credit. Half of the amount by which the claimant's income fell below £15/week was paid, plus £2 for each additional child, to a maximum of £3/week (revised to £4/week). In addition, those in receipt were given entitlement to free school meals, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1037421",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nChild benefit Child benefit (children's allowance) is a social security payment which is distributed to the parents or guardians of children, teenagers and in some cases, young adults. A number of different countries operate different versions of the program. In the majority of countries, child benefit is means-tested and the amount of child benefit paid is usually dependent on the number of children one has. A number of conditional cash transfer programs in Latin America and Africa link payment to the receivers' actions, such as enrolling children into schools, and health check-ups and vaccinations. In the UK, in 2011 CentreForum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469505",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\ncommon to count them together as a kind of \"\"child benefit\"\". Child Benefit (\"\"Sochar Leanaí\"\") is payable to parents of children under 16 years of age, or under 18 years of age if they are in full-time education, Youthreach training or has a disability. The payment is paid by the Department of Social Protection. The monthly payments are as follows: Multiple births are a special case. In the event of twins, 150% of the monthly payment is paid for each child. Triplets, or more, are paid the double (200%) rate each; provided that all of them remain qualified (i.e. stay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3418911",
"chunk_text": "\"Aid to Families with Dependent Children\"\njoin the workforce. In 1996, AFDC was replaced by the more restrictive Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. The program was created under the name Aid to Dependent Children (ADC) by the Social Security Act of 1935 as part of the New Deal. It was created as a means tested entitlement which subsidized the income of families where fathers were \"\"deceased, absent, or unable to work\"\". It provided a direct payment of $18 per months for one child, and $12 for a second child. The federal government required contributions from individual states, and authorized state discretion to determine who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12531014",
"chunk_text": "\"Child's Special Allowance\"\nrate of £8.05 per eligible child. Payments continued for existing beneficiaries under the scheme of transitional protection. Child's Special Allowance Child's Special Allowance was a payment under the United Kingdom system of Social Security. It was instituted by Harold Macmillan in 1959 for the orphaned children of divorced parents, It was a Contributory non-means tested benefit, paid in addition to Child benefit to a divorced woman whose husband had died, whose ex-partner had been paying maintenance and who had not got a new partner. It was not taxable, but was taken into account for meanstested benefits. It was abolished, as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9623848",
"chunk_text": "\"Baby bonus\"\nBaby bonus A baby bonus is a government payment to parents of a newborn baby or adopted child to assist with the costs of childrearing. The government of Andrew Fisher introduced a baby bonus of £5 per child in late 1912. The bonus was available irrespective of marital status and could also be received by husbands of women who died in childbirth. While Fisher told parliament that the aim was to help mothers in their time of need, the intention was also to increase birth and infant survival rates in the country. The baby bonus scheme was reintroduced by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469510",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\na child benefit of 100,000 won per month per child in cash. From September 2019, child benefit payment of 100,000 won per month per child will expand to cover children under 7, two years more than the current 0-5 year bracket. After World War I, many countries were left with dwindling populations. In an attempt to solve this problem, Sweden began a program called \"\"family allowance\"\". These were government funds given to families with children to encourage them to bear more children and increase the birthrate. Today, the guardians of all children aged 15 or younger, are awarded child benefits",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4861437",
"chunk_text": "\"Aid to Families with Dependent Children\"\nSmith. Thereafter, families with males in the household were eligible for benefits if they were not deemed to be actual or substitute parents. Although any financial contribution on the part of the male to the family was still considered a part of the family's total income. By 1981, the Supreme Court went further and required that states take into consideration the income earned by step-fathers. The year 1967 saw the establishment of the thirty-and-a-third rule, which allowed families to keep their first $30 earned along with one third of their income following the first $30 without the change affecting their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4107540",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Social Security in the United States\"\nbegan. Five cents were withheld from his pay during that period, and he received a lump-sum payout of seventeen cents from Social Security. The first monthly payment was issued on January 31, 1940 to Ida May Fuller of Ludlow, Vermont. In 1937, 1938, and 1939, she paid a total of $24.75 into the Social Security System. Her first check was for $22.54. After her second check, Fuller already had received more than she contributed over the three-year period. She ultimately reached her 100th birthday, dying in 1975 and she collected a total of $22,888.92. The provisions of Social Security have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1037424",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nA, which assists with the general costs of raising children, and Family Tax Benefit Part B, which is directed to single income and sole parent families. The third programme is Child Care Benefit. The Family Tax Benefit Part A is paid for dependent children up to 20 years of age, and for dependent full-time students up to the age of 24 (who are not getting Youth Allowance or similar payments such as ABSTUDY and Veterans' Children Education Supplement). It is essentially a two-tier but integrated payment directed to most families with children, with a higher rate for lower income families,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3948248",
"chunk_text": "\"Child sponsorship\"\nprograms. Other sources state the amount of child sponsorship funding is closer to US $3 billion per year. Save the Children was the first child sponsorship organization, beginning individual child sponsorship in 1920 to help children following World War I. Children International was one of the earlier child sponsorship charities (starting in 1936), Plan International (started in 1937) and ChildFund (started in 1938) followed suit as the concept grew in popularity. In response to the unmet needs of children during World War II, Save the Children USA launched a sponsorship program to benefit British war orphans in 1940. In 2007,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779098",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\nThese were successfully opposed by those who saw men, earning higher wages than women, as bread-winners, supporting the family through their wages - family allowance payments were seen as socialist and/or feminist in nature. In addition, eugenicist arguments perceived the poor as unworthy of support. Over the 1930s, growing evidence showed that large numbers of children were born into poverty, with 47% suffering five years or more of malnutrition. Higher wages would not effectively target these children, as the majority of male workers had no dependent children. A White Paper of Family Allowances was published in May 1942, giving costings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12705230",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nFinland in 1948 by law. Since the 1920s there was a child benefit allowance that covered state workers with children. In 1948 this benefit became universal following the example of other Nordic countries. Benefit is paid for children until they turn 17, and it is only paid for children that live in Finland. There is also a supplement for single parents. Benefit is paid through national Finnish Social Insurance institution (KELA). The Åland Islands have a different scheme. In Hungary there are several forms of family support. Every person who has a work permit and lives permanently in Hungary is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469506",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nin further education until 19). In addition, a special 'once-off' grant of €635 is paid on all multiple births. Further 'once-off' grants of €635 are paid when the children are 4 and 12 years old respectively. Fraudulent claims of Child Benefit are treated very seriously, and can result in large fines or prison for up to 3 years. The Luxembourg Government, through the \"\"Caisse pour l'avenir des enfants\"\" (Children's Future Fund), pays €265 per month per child. The allowance is universal and is not means-tested. When a child turns 6 years old, the amount increases to €285 per month. When",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469515",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nper week for each additional child. Child benefit Child benefit (children's allowance) is a social security payment which is distributed to the parents or guardians of children, teenagers and in some cases, young adults. A number of different countries operate different versions of the program. In the majority of countries, child benefit is means-tested and the amount of child benefit paid is usually dependent on the number of children one has. A number of conditional cash transfer programs in Latin America and Africa link payment to the receivers' actions, such as enrolling children into schools, and health check-ups and vaccinations.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10003160",
"chunk_text": "\"Family policy in Japan\"\nand based on an ideology of self-reliance and strong family ties during the oil crisis in the middle of 1970s, they started to target the children who most needed the benefit by increasing the amount of reward money. The Child Benefit Act has two policy goals. The first goal is to provide financial security for children, and the second goal is to support the well-being and development of children. Before 1990, the benefits were only paid to the family of the children until they turned 3 years old. There was a payment of 5,000 yen for the first and second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7623745",
"chunk_text": "\"Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 P.L. 96-272\"\nthere will be no income disregard. Permits a State to pay reduced AFDC benefits in the case of an AFDC child living with a relative who is not legally responsible for such child by pro-rating the costs of shelter and utilities for such child among household members. Amends title XVI (Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled) of such Act to extend until October 1, 1982, the program of Federal payments to States for costs incurred in carrying out a State plan of services for disabled children who receive SSI benefits. Amends part A (General Provisions) of title",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469508",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\na lump-sum back-to-school allowance is paid once a year in August for every child enrolled at a primary or secondary school or college. The allowance is €115 every August per child over 6 years old and under 12 years old. The allowance is €235 every August per child over 12 years old until their schooling comes to an end. New Zealand has a tax rebate system known as 'Working For Families', which are allocated to families based on income and the number of children. A report in 2012 by the children's commissioner Dr Russell Wills recommended New Zealand adopt a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5556746",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nincluding both those in work and receiving income support. The maximum rate is paid up to a family income of $28,200, and is then reduced by 30 cents for every extra dollar of income, until the minimum rate is reached. Part-payment at the minimum rate is available up to a family income of $73,000 (plus an additional $3,000 for each dependent child after the first). Payments are then reduced by 30 cents in every dollar over that amount until the payment reaches nil. To receive some Family Tax Benefit Part A, the maximum income levels are $76,256 a year for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11779097",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefits in the United Kingdom\"\n(5.83%), the value of the tax credit was therefore 11 shillings and eight pence per child. Since most people did not earn enough to pay tax, this was a subsidy for middle class parents. The nominal value of these tax credits were generally, though not always, increased in line with income tax rates. For instance, by 1916, income tax had increased to five shillings in the pound (25%), and the tax credit to £25, giving a value of the tax credit of £6 5 shillings. Calls began for a specific family payment in the early part of the 20th century.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9623851",
"chunk_text": "\"Baby bonus\"\na limited $1028.15 will be submitted. A baby bonus was introduced in Canada following the Second World War. A family allowance scheme known as the \"\"baby bonus\"\" made regular monthly payments of $5 to $8 to all parents of children under 16. In 1988, the Quebec government introduced the \"\"Allowance for Newborn Children\"\" that paid up to $8,000 to a family after the birth of a child. Today, the Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB) is one of a number of child and family benefits offered by the government of Canada. Currently there is a baby bonus of 13000 CZK (approx.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6184758",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nsole parents - particularly families with children under 5 years of age. In a couple, if the secondary earner's income is above $1,616 a year, payments are reduced by 30 cents for every extra dollar of income. Parents receive therefore some Family Tax Benefit Part B if the secondary earner's income is below $10,416 a year if the youngest child is under 5 years of age, or $7,786 a year if the youngest child is between 5 and 18 years of age. There is no income test on the primary earner's income, so in the case of sole parents the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17028265",
"chunk_text": "\"Family Income Supplement\"\npassported to the NHS Low Income Scheme. Claimants were required to provide payslips, to prove they were in remunerative full-time work, for a minimum of 30 hours per week, or 24 hours for single parents. In 1985, differential rates for children under 11, from 11–15 and over 16 were introduced. There was a maximum payment in order to prevent abuse by claimants or employers deliberately reducing or understating earnings. Once entitlement was established, it continued for 52 weeks regardless of changes in circumstances. Entitlement was calculated with respect to gross income, which exacerbated the poverty trap. Each extra £1 a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11469498",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\na family with one dependent child under 18 and $77,355 a year for a family with one dependent 18- to 24-year-old. These thresholds are lifted by $6,257 for each additional dependent child under 18 and $7,356 for each additional dependent 18- to 24-year-old. Families receiving Family Tax Benefit Part A may also be eligible for extra payments, such as Rent Assistance if renting privately, the Large Family Supplement for four or more children, and Multiple Birth Allowance for three or more children born during the same birth. Family Tax Benefit Part B provides extra assistance to single income families including",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11044803",
"chunk_text": "\"Welfare in New Zealand\"\na social security tax to pay for them. On 1 April 1946, the family benefit was increased to 10 shillings a week and the means test was dropped. The social security tax was raised but this was compensated for by the dropping of the national security (war) tax. This increased family benefit was payable for all children up to the age of sixteen, or up to the end of the year when the child turned eighteen if they were in full-time education or unable to earn a living due to incapacitation. Since the benefit was normally paid to the mother,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2834867",
"chunk_text": "\"Child tax credit\"\nor eligible foster child. The per-child amount was originally capped at $400 in 1998 (and $500 in 1999) by the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997. The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA) set a graduated increase of the cap from $600 beginning in 2001 to $1,000 in 2010, but then reverting to $500. The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA) increased the amount to $1,000 for 2003 and 2004. The Working Families Tax Relief Act of 2004 extended this amount through 2010. The Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1037422",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nproposed an additional child benefit dependent on parenting activities. In Australia, Child benefit payments are currently called Family Tax Benefit. Family Tax Benefit is income tested and is linked to the Australian Income tax system. It can be claimed as fortnightly payments or as an annual lump sum. It may be payable for dependant children from birth up to the age of 24. Children 16 years or older may alternatively be eligible for Youth Allowance. Parents of dependant children under the age of 16 may also be eligible for Income Support Payments including Parenting Payment and Newstart Allowance for Primary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11044787",
"chunk_text": "\"Welfare in New Zealand\"\nwas renamed \"\"Jobseeker Support\"\", and also incorporated those on the Sickness Benefit and Domestic Purposes Benefit - Women Alone, and those on the Domestic Purposes Benefit - Sole Parent and Widow's Benefit where their youngest child is aged 14 and over. The Domestic Purposes Benefit (DPB) was introduced in 1974 following the Report of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into Social Security. It provides State financial support primarily for single parents, irrespective of whether the other parent is contributing to maintenance payments (a feature of earlier legislation) and irrespective of fault. While there is a Widow's Benefit for women with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6205615",
"chunk_text": "\"John Curtin\"\nallowance of 25 shillings per week in respect of the period four weeks before and four weeks after the birth, to be paid after the birth of the child. That same year, eligibility for Child Endowment was extended to children in Government institutions, to Aboriginal children who lived for six months per year on a mission station, and to children who were maintained from a deceased estate. In 1943, Child's Allowance was introduced, payable at the rate of five shillings per week for a first for an unendowed child under 16 years dependent on an invalid or permanently incapacitated old-age",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1037431",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nthird category. \"\"Family allowance\"\" is paid until the age of 18 or to the completion of secondary education. For children with disability the amount is 23,300 HUF and for disabled children of single parents it is 25,900 HUF. If the child misses more than 50 school hours without permission, the \"\"family allowance\"\" will be suspended until the child re-fulfills his/her school attendance obligation properly. In the case of pre-school age children, \"\"family allowance\"\" will be suspended in case of an unjustified absence exceeding 20 days of education. According to some sources the government plans to raise the child benefit. However,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17028266",
"chunk_text": "\"Family Income Supplement\"\nweek in gross earnings would reduce weekly Family Income Supplement by 50p, on top of which most claimants would be subject to income tax and National Insurance Contributions of at least 30p, producing a very high marginal withdrawal rate. Additionally loss of entitlement took with it entitlement to health and education benefits. Take-up of the benefit was initially poor, with less than half of those eligible claiming. Family Income Supplement Family Income Supplement was a means-tested benefit for working people with children introduced in Britain in 1970 by the Conservative government of Edward Heath, effective from August 1971. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15678747",
"chunk_text": "\"42 U.S.C. § 652(k)\"\nthis practice. Many states have interpreted this section to require the state agency to apply for these benefits. In 1975, federally funded child support collection mechanisms were first extended to parents that were not receiving AFDC (the predecessor to TANF) when part D of the Social Security Act was enacted as part of P.L. 93-647. Child support enforcement measures have been periodically enhanced since 1975. The legislative record on H.R. 3734 is silent on whether or why Congress intended to extend the federally funded, enhanced collection mechanisms to non-welfare recipients or if it even considered the issue. The House Ways",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2224732",
"chunk_text": "\"Guardian's allowance\"\nas income for most Means-tested benefits. You cannot claim an increase of another National Insurance benefit for a child as a dependant and claim Guardian’s allowance for the same child. Guardian's allowance Guardian's allowance is a payment under the United Kingdom system of Social Security. Guardian's Allowance was introduced in 1946 in order to replace the orphan's pension payable under the Widow's Orphans and Old Age Contributory Pensions Act 1925 It is paid to people looking after children who are effectively orphans, either because both their parents are dead or because one is dead and the other at the time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19135593",
"chunk_text": "\"Two-child policy\"\nthe Conservative Party Iain Duncan Smith. In April 2015, David Cameron denied any such plans to cut child benefits or tax credits. However, three months later, George Osborne, the then Finance Minister, announced that child tax credits would be limited to the first two children only. This was to come into force from the 2017/2018 financial year and apply to children born after that date only. From February 2019 however the policy becomes retrospective. Families making a new benefit claim (or whose circumstances change) will have the 2-child policy applied to them irrespective of when their children were born. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15877053",
"chunk_text": "\"Child benefit\"\nbelow. Regarding the 1948 decision one woman was interviewed by the Swedish Radio, Mrs. Persson. She had 13 children and one had died. The journalist asked her what she would do with the money. Three of her children went to school and they needed clothes. Perhaps she would save some of the child allowance in case the children would study further. She would not use the money on luxury such as bicycles. She did not plan to spend any money on herself. One of the heads of the child allowance system was born in 1948 and he believes that there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_620
|
what was the initial effect of the transition from command to market economies in eastern europe?
|
n/a
|
[
"Inequality of opportunity"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333634",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nmuch more than expected. The decline in output lasted until 1992-96 for all transition economies. By 1994, economic output had declined across all transition economies by 41 percent compared to its 1989 level. The Central and Eastern European economies began growing again around 1993, with Poland, which had begun its transition programme earliest emerging from recession in 1992. The Baltic States came out of recession in 1994 and the rest of the former Soviet Union around 1996. Inflation remained above 20 percent a year (except in the Czech Republic and Hungary) until the mid-1990s. Across all transition economies the peak",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4382570",
"chunk_text": "\"Post-Soviet states\"\nof general economic stagnation, even regression. As the Gosplan, which had set up production chains to cross SSR lines, broke down, the inter-republic economic connections were also disrupted, leading to even more serious breakdown of the post-Soviet economies. Most of the formerly Soviet states began the transition to a market economy from a command economy in 1990-1991 and made efforts to rebuild and restructure their economic systems, with varying results. In all, the process triggered severe economic declines, with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) dropping by more than 40% overall between 1990 and 1995. This decline in GDP was much more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396082",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nof economics dealing with the transformation of a planned economy to a market economy. It has become especially important after the collapse of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe. Transition economics investigates how an economy should reform itself to endorse capitalism and democracy. There are usually two sides: one which argues for a rapid transformation and one which argues for a gradual approach. Gérard Roland's book \"\"Transition and Economics. Politics, Markets and Firms\"\" (MIT Press 2000) gives a good overview of the field. A more recent overview is provided in \"\"Transition Economies: Political Economy in Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1737462",
"chunk_text": "\"Anti-organized crime institutions in Russia\"\nactions brought the Soviet Union out of isolation from the international community, the initiatives are also seen as a failure because he tried to implement them too quickly. The shift from a state-run economy to a market economy was not gradual, it was abrupt. The nation was not ready for such a quick, drastic change. The new Russian Federation was forced into a market economy after decades of suppression and an entirely state-run economy. The new Russian state government did not have experience with democracy and could not smoothly transition to a democracy \"\"and\"\" market economy at the same time.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12693671",
"chunk_text": "Post-communism\nsome became less radical as well. Several communist states had undergone economic reforms from a planned economy towards a more market-oriented economy in the 1980s, notably Hungary, Poland and Yugoslavia. The post-communist economic transition was much more abrupt and aimed at creating fully capitalist economies. All the countries concerned have abandoned the traditional tools of communist economic control and moved more or less successfully toward free market systems. Although some (including Charles Paul Lewis) stress the beneficial effect of multinational investment, the reforms also had important negative consequences that are still unfolding. Average standards of living registered a catastrophic fall",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396079",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nsecure property rights and uncorrupted public administration and corporate governance – were better placed to attract investment and undertake restructuring and regulatory change. To spur further economic reform and break out of a vicious circle, the EBRD \"\"Transition Report 2013\"\" proposed that the transition economies should: Although the term \"\"transition economies\"\" usually covers the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union, this term may have a wider context. There are countries outside of Europe, emerging from a socialist-type command economy towards a market-based economy (e.g., China). Moreover, in a wider sense the definition of transition economy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3466008",
"chunk_text": "Post-communism\nPost-communism Post-communism is the period of political and economic transformation or \"\"transition\"\" in former communist states located in parts of Europe and Asia in which new governments aimed to create free market-oriented capitalist economies. The policies of most communist parties in both the Eastern and Western Bloc had been governed by the example of the Soviet Union. In most countries in the Eastern Bloc, following the fall of communist-led governments in 1989 the communist parties split in two factions: a reformist social democratic party and a new less reform-oriented communist party. The newly created social democratic parties were generally larger",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333636",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\ninvestment was attracted to the transition economies. Local-manufactured higher quality consumer goods became available and won market share back from imports. Stabilization of the exchange rate was made more difficult by large-scale capital flight, with domestic agents sending part of their earning abroad to destinations where they believed their capital was more secure. The promise of European Union membership and the adoption of the EU's legislation and regulations (the Community acquis or \"\"acquis communautaire\"\") helped secure trust in property rights and economic and governmental institutions in much of Central and Eastern Europe. Some economists have argued that the growth performance",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333627",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nsufficient liquidity to maintain commerce might be needed. In addition to tariff protection, measures to control capital flight were also considered necessary in some instances. The most influential strategy for the transition to a market economy was that adopted by Poland launched in January 1990. The strategy was strongly influenced by IMF and World Bank analyses of successful and unsuccessful stabilization programmes which had been adopted in Latin America in the 1980s. The strategy incorporated a number of interdependent measures including macro-economic stabilization; the liberalization of wholesale and retail prices; the removal of constraints to the development of private enterprises",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333640",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\ntransition economies. The UN Development Programme calculated that overall poverty in Eastern Europe and the CIS increased from 4 percent of the population in 1988 to 32 percent by 1994, or from 14 million people to 119 million. Unemployment and rates of economic inactivity were still high in the late 1990s according to survey data. By 2007, the year before the global financial crisis hit, the index for GDP had reached 112 compared to 100 in 1989 for the transition economies. In other words, it took nearly 20 years to restore the level of output that had existed prior to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802942",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nbegin to return to pre-reform era levels for approximately 15 years. From the end of the World War II to the mid-1970s, the economy of the Eastern Bloc steadily increased at the same rate as the economy in Western Europe, with the least none-reforming Stalinist nations of the Eastern Bloc having a stronger economy then the reformist-Stalinist states. While most western European economies essentially began to approach the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) levels of the United States during the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Eastern Bloc countries did not, with per capita GDPs trailing significantly behind their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11381951",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle for trade\"\nBattle for trade Battle for trade (; also translated as trade battle or battle over trade) refers to the early period of communist takeover of Poland (1946–49) when new laws and regulations succeeded in significantly decreasing the size of the private sector in Polish trade, in order to facilitate the transformation of Polish economy from capitalism to Soviet communism's planned economy. The private shops were nationalized or closed, and government-owned chains (\"\"Państwowe Domy Handlowe\"\") and cooperatives were created to replace them; this was however inefficient as more shops were closed than opened and led to lasting difficulties for Polish people",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333632",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nwould force a currency devaluation that would support export-led growth. However, when prices were de-controlled enterprises and retailers raised their prices to match those prevailing in the black market or towards world price levels, earning them windfall profits initially. Consumers reacted by reducing their purchases and by substituting better quality imported goods in place of domestically produced goods. Falling sales led to the collapse of many domestic enterprises, with personnel lay-offs or reduced hours of work and pay. This further reduced effective demand. As imports grew and exporters failed to respond to opportunities in world markets due to the poor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396081",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nto the IMF, Iran is in transition to a market economy, demonstrating early stages of a transition economy. The eight first-wave accession countries, which joined the European Union on 1 May 2004 (Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia) and the two second-wave accession countries that joined on 1 January 2007 (Romania and Bulgaria) have completed the transition process. According to the World Bank, \"\"the transition is over\"\" for the 10 countries that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007. It can be also understood as all countries of the Eastern Bloc. \"\"Transition economics\"\" is a special branch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15559105",
"chunk_text": "\"Planned economy\"\nPlanned economy A planned economy is a type of economic system where investment and the allocation of capital goods take place according to economy-wide economic and production plans. A planned economy may use centralized, decentralized or participatory forms of economic planning. A command economy or administrative command economy is any of the nominally-planned economies of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc - these terms highlight the central role of hierarchical administration in guiding the allocation of resources in these economic systems as opposed to planned coordination. Planned economies are usually associated with Soviet-type central planning, which involves centralized state",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802902",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nassets in state planned manners, including the collectivisation of agriculture and utilising a sizeable labor army collected in the gulag system. This system was largely imposed on other Eastern Bloc countries after World War II. While propaganda of proletarian improvements accompanied systemic changes, terror and intimidation of the consequent ruthless Stalinism obfuscated feelings of any purported benefits. Stalin felt that socioeconomic transformation was indispensable to establish Soviet control, reflecting the Marxist-Leninist view that material bases, the distribution of the means of production, shaped social and political relations. Moscow trained cadres were put into crucial power positions to fulfill orders regarding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6210948",
"chunk_text": "\"Balcerowicz Plan\"\nBalcerowicz Plan The Balcerowicz Plan (), also termed \"\"Shock Therapy\"\", was a method for rapidly transitioning from an economy based on state ownership and central planning, to a capitalist market economy. Named for its author, the Polish minister and economist Leszek Balcerowicz, the plan was adopted in Poland in 1989. There was a temporary drop in output, but growth was eventually achieved by 1992. Similar reforms were made in a number of countries. The plan has resulted in a reduced inflation and budget deficit, while simultaneously increasing unemployment and worsening the financial situation of the poorest members of society. After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396071",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nhad experienced a partial recovery and had maintained low and stable inflation since 2012. Transition trajectories have varied considerably in practice. Some nations have been experimenting with market reform for several decades, while others are relatively recent adopters (e.g., Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro). In some cases reforms have been accompanied with political upheaval, such as the overthrow of a dictator (Romania), the collapse of a government (the Soviet Union), a declaration of independence (Croatia), or integration with another country (East Germany). In other cases economic reforms have been adopted by incumbent governments with little interest in political change (China, Laos,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333620",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nTransition economy A transition economy or transitional economy is an economy which is changing from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. Transition economies undergo a set of structural transformations intended to develop market-based institutions. These include economic liberalization, where prices are set by market forces rather than by a central planning organization. In addition to this trade barriers are removed, there is a push to privatize state-owned enterprises and resources, state and collectively run enterprises are restructured as businesses, and a financial sector is created to facilitate macroeconomic stabilization and the movement of private capital. The process has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "407707",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nAsia\"\" by Martin Myant and Jan Drahokoupil. Transition economy A transition economy or transitional economy is an economy which is changing from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. Transition economies undergo a set of structural transformations intended to develop market-based institutions. These include economic liberalization, where prices are set by market forces rather than by a central planning organization. In addition to this trade barriers are removed, there is a push to privatize state-owned enterprises and resources, state and collectively run enterprises are restructured as businesses, and a financial sector is created to facilitate macroeconomic stabilization and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "131282",
"chunk_text": "\"Planned economy\"\neconomy, as opposed to the advanced technology of \"\"We\"\" or \"\"Brave New World\"\". Planned economy A planned economy is a type of economic system where investment and the allocation of capital goods take place according to economy-wide economic and production plans. A planned economy may use centralized, decentralized or participatory forms of economic planning. A command economy or administrative command economy is any of the nominally-planned economies of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc - these terms highlight the central role of hierarchical administration in guiding the allocation of resources in these economic systems as opposed to planned coordination.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671736",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nGerman labor force remained in agriculture, 47% was in the secondary sector and only 42% in services. Once installed, the economic system was difficult to change given the importance of politically reliable management and the prestige value placed on large enterprises. Performance declined during the 1970s and 1980s due to inefficiency when industrial input costs, such as energy prices, increased. Though growth lagged behind the west, it did occur. Consumer goods started to become more available by the 1960s. Before the Eastern Bloc's dissolution, some major sectors of industry were operating at such a loss that they exported products to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14071360",
"chunk_text": "\"Effects of the Cold War\"\nEffects of the Cold War The Cold War had many effects on society, both today and in the past. Primarily, communism was defeated. In Russia, military spending was cut dramatically and quickly. The effects of this were very large, seeing as the military-industrial sector had previously employed one of every five Soviet adults and its dismantling left hundreds of millions throughout the former Soviet Union unemployed. After Russia embarked on economic reforms in the 1990s, it suffered a financial crisis and a recession more severe than the United States and Germany had experienced during the Great Depression. Russian living standards",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10408324",
"chunk_text": "\"Authoritarian socialism\"\nHungary and Romania. Czechoslovakia is set apart because the first stage of its transition consisted of economic recovery and then socialism was gradually implemented. Yugoslavia differed from other Eastern European countries in that after 1950 it modified its economic system by making self-management the base of enterprise activity. There are few differences between the economic model of the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries such as Poland and East Germany. Czechoslovakia and East Germany were administered along regional lines. Poland retained a centralized system similar to the Stalinist centralization of the Soviet Union. The Eastern European countries differed from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802925",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nin Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany, and from 1955 to 1964 in Albania. Collectivization in the Baltic republics of the Lithuanian SSR, Estonian SSR, and Latvian SSR took place between 1947 and 1952. Unlike Soviet collectivization, neither massive destruction of livestock nor errors causing distorted output or distribution occurred in the other Eastern Bloc countries. More widespread use of transitional forms occurred, with differential compensation payments for peasants that contributed more land to APCs. Because Czechoslovakia and East Germany were more industrialized than the Soviet Union, they were in a position to furnish most of the equipment and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333641",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nthe transition. The index of economic output (GDP) in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe was 151 in 2007; for the Balkans/ South-eastern Europe the index was 111, and for the Commonwealth of Independent States and Mongolia it was 102. Several CIS countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia as well as Moldova and Ukraine had economies that were substantially smaller than in 1989. The global recession of 2008-09 and the Eurozone crisis of 2011-13 destabilized the transition economies, reduced growth rates and increased unemployment. The slowdown hit government revenues and widened fiscal deficits but almost all transition economies",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1537906",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nas a unified bloc. For instance, the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia was condemned by Romania, which refused to take part in it. Albania withdrew from the Bloc in response to the invasion. A 2009 Pew Research Center poll showed that 72% of Hungarians and 62% of both Ukrainians and Bulgarians felt that their lives were worse off after 1989, when free markets were made dominant. A follow-up poll by Pew Research Center in 2011 showed that 45% of Lithuanians, 42% of Russians, and 34% of Ukrainians approved of the change to a market economy. Writing in 2018, the scholars Kristen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20671755",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\n1960s economic downturn. The event began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Slovak Alexander Dubček came to power. In April, Dubček launched an \"\"Action Program\"\" of liberalizations, which included increasing freedom of the press, freedom of speech and freedom of movement, along with an economic emphasis on consumer goods, the possibility of a multiparty government and limiting the power of the secret police. Initial reaction within the Eastern Bloc was mixed, with Hungary's János Kádár expressing support, while Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and others grew concerned about Dubček's reforms, which they feared might weaken the Eastern Bloc's position during the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802919",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nEast Germany, Beryozka in the Soviet Union, Pewex in Poland, Tuzex in Czechoslovakia, and Corecom in Bulgaria. Much of what was produced for the local population never reached its intended user, while many perishable products became unfit for consumption before reaching their consumers. As a result of the deficiencies of the official economy, black markets were created that were often supplied by goods stolen from the public sector. The second, \"\"parallel economy\"\" flourished throughout the Bloc because of rising unmet state consumer needs. Black and gray markets for foodstuffs, goods, and cash arose. Goods included household goods, medical supplies, clothes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8563825",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc politics\"\nEastern Bloc politics Eastern Bloc politics followed the Red Army's occupation of much of eastern Europe at the end of World War II and the Soviet Union's installation of Soviet-controlled Stalinist or Marxist–Leninist governments in the Eastern Bloc through a process of \"\"bloc politics\"\" and repression. The resulting governments contained vestiges of western democracies to initially conceal the process. Once in power, each country's Soviet-controlled communist party took permanent control of the administration, political organs, police, societal organizations and economic structures to ensure that no effective opposition could arise and to control socioeconomic and political life therein. Party and social",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13249405",
"chunk_text": "\"Cold War (1985–1991)\"\nand NATO borders gradually to a greater or lesser extent returned to economic and military dependency on Russia. Russia and the other Soviet successor states have faced a chaotic and harsh transition from a command economy to free market capitalism following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. A large percentage of the population currently lives in poverty. GDP growth also declined, and life expectancy dropped sharply. Living conditions also declined in some other parts of the former Eastern bloc. In addition, the poverty and desperation of the Russians, Ukrainians and allies of post–Cold War have led to the sale of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16881041",
"chunk_text": "\"Formation of the Eastern Bloc\"\nThereafter, the Soviet Union physically transported and relocated east European industrial assets to the Soviet Union. This was especially pronounced in eastern European Axis countries, such as Romania and Hungary, where such a policy was considered as punitive reparations (a principle accepted by Western powers). In some cases, Red Army officers viewed cities, villages and farms as being open to looting. Other Eastern Bloc states were required to provide coal, industrial equipment, technology, rolling stock and other resources to reconstruct the Soviet Union. Between 1945 and 1953, the Soviets received a net transfer of resources from the rest of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11381954",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle for trade\"\nin 1948. Battle for trade Battle for trade (; also translated as trade battle or battle over trade) refers to the early period of communist takeover of Poland (1946–49) when new laws and regulations succeeded in significantly decreasing the size of the private sector in Polish trade, in order to facilitate the transformation of Polish economy from capitalism to Soviet communism's planned economy. The private shops were nationalized or closed, and government-owned chains (\"\"Państwowe Domy Handlowe\"\") and cooperatives were created to replace them; this was however inefficient as more shops were closed than opened and led to lasting difficulties for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2503123",
"chunk_text": "\"Cold War (1985–1991)\"\npolicy based on non-interference by the Soviet Union, the Warsaw Pact was dissolved and Soviet troops began withdrawing back to the Soviet Union, completing their withdrawal by the mid-1990s. There is a fundamental difference in how former communist countries managed during the first quarter of the century after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Countries such as the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovakia experienced economic reconstruction, growth and fast integration with EU and NATO while their eastern neighbors usually created hybrids of free market oligarchy system, post-communist corrupted administration and dictatorship. The territory behind the EU",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12680735",
"chunk_text": "\"Economy of Poland\"\nsystem imposed in the late 1940s created large and unwieldy economic structures<ref name=\"\"Poland 11/07\"\"></ref> operated under a tight central command. In part because of this systemic rigidity, the economy performed poorly even in comparison with other economies in Central Europe. In 1990, the Tadeusz Mazowiecki government began a comprehensive reform programme to replace the centralised command economy with a market-oriented system. While the results overall have been impressive, many large state-owned industrial enterprises, particularly the rail, mining, steel, and defence sectors, have remained resistant to change and the downsizing required to survive in a market-based economy. The total value of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396074",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nincomes. These outcomes had not yet been achieved by 2013 and progress in establishing well-functioning market economies had stalled since the 1990s. On the EBRD's measure of transition indicators the transition economies had become \"\"stuck in transition\"\". Price liberalization, small-scale privatization and the opening-up of trade and foreign exchange markets were mostly complete by the end of the 1990s. However economic reform had slowed in areas such governance, enterprise restructuring and competition policy, which remained substantially below the standard of other developed market economies. Inequality of opportunity was higher in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14321247",
"chunk_text": "\"Revolutions of 1989\"\nview was that there was no precedent for moving from socialism to capitalism\"\", and only some elderly people remembered how a market economy worked. As result the view that Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe would stay poor for decades was common. There was a temporary fall of output in the official economy and an increase in black market economic activity. Countries implemented different reform programs. One example, generally regarded as successful was the \"\"shock therapy\"\" Balcerowicz Plan in Poland. Eventually the official economy began to grow. In a 2007 paper, Oleh Havrylyshyn categorized the speed of reforms in the Soviet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396050",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nAnother transition mode is change the way that economy grows and practice mode. The relationships between these two transition modes are micro and macro, partial and whole. The truly transition economics should include both the micro transition and macro transition. Due to the different initial conditions during the emerging process of the transition from planned economics to market economics, countries uses different transition model. Countries like P.R.China and Vietnam adopted a gradual transition mode, however Russia and some other East-European countries, such as the former Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, used a more aggressive and quicker paced model of transition. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6050449",
"chunk_text": "\"Privatization in Russia\"\nUnion, Mikhail Gorbachev relaxed restrictions on private property and introduced initial market reforms. Privatization shifted Russia from the Soviet planned economy towards a market economy, and resulted in a dramatic rise in the level of economic inequality and a collapse in GDP and industrial output. Privatization facilitated the transfer of significant wealth to a relatively small group of business oligarchs and New Russians, particularly natural gas and oil executives. This economic transition has been described as \"\"katastroika\"\" (combination of \"\"catastrophe\"\" and the term \"\"perestroika\"\") and as \"\"the most cataclysmic peacetime economic collapse of an industrial country in history\"\". A few",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396049",
"chunk_text": "\"Transition economy\"\nbeen applied in China, the former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries of Europe and some Third world countries, and detailed work has been undertaken on its economic and social effects. The transition process is usually characterized by the changing and creating of institutions, particularly private enterprises; changes in the role of the state, thereby, the creation of fundamentally different governmental institutions and the promotion of private-owned enterprises, markets and independent financial institutions. In essence, one transition mode is the functional restructuring of state institutions from being a provider of growth to an enabler, with the private sector its engine.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802934",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nin East Germany such as Trabants and the Wartburgs. However, the wait list for the distribution of Trabants was ten years in 1987 and up to fifteen years for Soviet Lada and Czechoslovakian Škoda cars. Soviet-built aircraft exhibited deficient technology, with high fuel consumption and heavy maintenance demands. Telecommunications networks were overloaded. Adding to mobility constraints from the inadequate transport systems were bureaucratic mobility restrictions. While outside of Albania, domestic travel eventually became largely regulation-free, stringent controls on the issue of passports, visas and foreign currency made foreign travel difficult inside the Eastern Bloc. Countries were inured to isolation and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19519511",
"chunk_text": "\"Economy of Europe\"\nUSSR) but it suffered from contraction in the 1990s when the inefficient heavy industry based manufacturing sector crippled after the collapse of communism and the introduction of the market economy. In the 21st century the manufacturing sector in Central and Eastern Europe picked up because of the accession of ten formerly Communist European states to the EU and resulting accession to the European Common Market. This caused firms within the European Union to move jobs from their manufacturing sector to Central European countries such as Poland (see above), which sparked both Central and Eastern European industrial growth and employment. According",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16881042",
"chunk_text": "\"Formation of the Eastern Bloc\"\nEastern Bloc under this policy roughly comparable to the net transfer from the United States to western Europe in the Marshall Plan. Most of Germany east of the Oder–Neisse line, which contained much of Germany's fertile land, was transferred to what remained of unilaterally Soviet-controlled Poland. At the end of World War II, political opposition immediately materialised after occupying Soviet army personnel conducted systematic pillaging and rapes in their zone of then divided Germany, with total rape victim estimates ranging from tens of thousands to two million. Factories, equipment, technicians, managers and skilled personnel were forcibly transferred to the Soviet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11060401",
"chunk_text": "\"New Economic Mechanism\"\nNew Economic Mechanism The New Economic Mechanism (NEM) was a major economic reform launched in the People's Republic of Hungary in 1968. Between 1972 and 1978, it was curtailed by the prevailing winds of Eastern Bloc politics. During the subsequent decade, until the revolutions of 1989 ended the era, the NEM's principles continued to affect the Hungarian economy, even in cases where the \"\"NEM\"\" name was not emphasized. Because of the NEM, Hungary in the 1980s had a higher ratio of market mechanisms to central planning than any other Eastern Bloc economy. The ratio was different to an extent that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20802926",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc\"\nfertilizer inputs needed to ease the transition to collectivized agriculture. Instead of liquidating large farmers or barring them from joining APCs as Stalin had done through dekulakisation, those farmers were utilised in the non-Soviet Eastern Bloc collectivizations, sometimes even being named farm chairman or managers. Collectivisation often met with strong rural resistance, including peasants frequently destroying property rather than surrendering it to the collectives. Strong peasant links with the land through private ownership were broken and many young people left for careers in industry. In Poland and Yugoslavia, fierce resistance from peasants, many of whom had resisted the Axis, led",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12693673",
"chunk_text": "Post-communism\nis argued that some such as Estonia, Romania and Slovakia are actually more capitalist than the Western Bloc with their flat tax rates. Economic trends associated with post-communism include hyperinflation, liberalization, neoliberalism and privatization. A fundamental challenge in post-communist economies is that institutional pressures that reflect the logic of capitalism and democracy are exerted on organizations (including firms and government agencies) that were created under communism and to this day are run by managers socialized in that context, resulting in a great deal of continuing tension in organizations in post-communist states. Post-communism Post-communism is the period of political and economic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4455320",
"chunk_text": "\"Economy of East Germany\"\nthe most stable economies in the \"\"Second World\"\" until the revolutions of 1989. Each occupation power assumed authority in their respective zones by June 1945. The Allied powers originally pursued a common German policy, focused on denazification and demilitarization in preparation for the restoration of a democratic German nation-state. Over time, the western and Soviet zones drifted apart economically. In 1946, the Soviet zone had a slight total factor productivity lead; wartime industrialization had contributed more to the eastern economy, and the destruction caused by the war was lighter than in the west. Already in 1948, however, the western zones",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12227352",
"chunk_text": "Decartelization\nDecartelization Decartelization is the transition of a national economy from monopoly control by groups of large businesses, known as cartels, to a free market economy. This change rarely arises naturally, and is generally the result of regulation by a governing body with monopoly of power to decide what structures it likes. A modern example of decartelization is the economic restructuring of Germany after the fall of the Third Reich in 1945. To truly understand the term “decartelization” requires familiarity with the term “cartel”. A cartel is a formal (explicit) agreement among firms. Cartels usually occur in an oligopolistic industry (oligopoly),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8563834",
"chunk_text": "\"Eastern Bloc politics\"\nUSSR a preponderant influence in local economies. The result of the process was that, from 1944 to 1948 in the Eastern Bloc, political parties, organizations, voluntary associations and territorial communities were covertly steered to gradually incapacitate, dissolve, and spend themselves by their own efforts in various processes. Stalin felt that socioeconomic transformation was indispensable to establish Soviet control, reflecting the Marxist-Leninist view that material bases—the distribution of the means of production—shaped social and political relations. This \"\"sovietization\"\" involved the gradual assimilation of local political, socioeconomic, and cultural patterns into the Soviet model while severing ties with “bourgeois” Western values and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11060402",
"chunk_text": "\"New Economic Mechanism\"\nwas politically challenging to bring about in the Soviet sphere because of the ideological mixture it required. The name Goulash Communism was jokingly (but tellingly) applied to this mixture. The Hungarian economy under the influence of NEM principles was widely viewed as outperforming other Soviet Bloc economies, making Hungary \"\"the happiest barrack\"\" in barracks communism. Many Soviet and Eastern European people enjoyed going to Hungary (for example, on work assignments or on vacations) because of the economic and cultural environment there. The tensions and harmonies between market mechanisms and central planning, with neither having sole control, are a perennial challenge",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_621
|
when did linkin park release one more light?
|
n/a
|
[
"May 19, 2017"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730508",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nOne More Light One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on May 19, 2017, through Warner Bros. and Machine Shop. It is the last Linkin Park record produced before lead vocalist Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017. The band recorded the album between September 2015 and February 2017 in multiple studios. Band members Brad Delson and Mike Shinoda served as the album's primary producers. The sound of \"\"One More Light\"\" has been described as being more pop-focused, departing from the alternative metal sound of their previous album, \"\"The Hunting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8916248",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\nOne More Light (song) \"\"One More Light\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It is the ninth and title track from their seventh studio album of the same name, as well as their last single with Chester Bennington. The song was co-written with Eg White about a friend of the band, Amy Zarat, who had died of cancer. The song was released to US contemporary hit radio on October 3, 2017 as the album's third single. It is Bennington's second posthumously released single. The music video for this song was also voted #1 in a poll of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8916254",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\nAdditional musicians Production One More Light (song) \"\"One More Light\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It is the ninth and title track from their seventh studio album of the same name, as well as their last single with Chester Bennington. The song was co-written with Eg White about a friend of the band, Amy Zarat, who had died of cancer. The song was released to US contemporary hit radio on October 3, 2017 as the album's third single. It is Bennington's second posthumously released single. The music video for this song was also voted #1 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730534",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\npeople are still coming to see you to hear the music. Give it a little time, you have to give it a little time.\"\" Bennington later responded that he agreed with Taylor's statements, saying: Notes Credits adapted from the album's liner notes. Linkin Park Additional musicians Technical One More Light One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on May 19, 2017, through Warner Bros. and Machine Shop. It is the last Linkin Park record produced before lead vocalist Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017. The band recorded the album",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3603448",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light Live\"\nOne More Light Live One More Light Live is the third live CD compilation by American rock band Linkin Park, released on December 15, 2017. Recorded during the band's European leg of their \"\"One More Light Tour\"\" in 2017, this is the first release since the death of lead singer Chester Bennington. Linkin Park started their album tour in Buenos Aires, Argentina on May 6, 2017 at the Maximus Festival. They continued on with playing three more shows on the South American run before returning to the United States to play a few promo shows, including a performance on \"\"Jimmy",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8241326",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light World Tour\"\nOne More Light World Tour The One More Light World Tour was the ninth headlining (eleventh overall) concert tour by American rock band, Linkin Park. The tour supported their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\" (2017). Beginning in May 2017, the tour visited 21 cities in South America and Europe. The North American leg of the tour was cancelled by the band on July 21, 2017, following the death of lead vocalist and co-frontman Chester Bennington the previous day, while the final leg of the tour in Japan was cancelled on October 3, 2017. Starting October 2016, the band announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8241331",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light World Tour\"\nperformances One More Light World Tour The One More Light World Tour was the ninth headlining (eleventh overall) concert tour by American rock band, Linkin Park. The tour supported their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\" (2017). Beginning in May 2017, the tour visited 21 cities in South America and Europe. The North American leg of the tour was cancelled by the band on July 21, 2017, following the death of lead vocalist and co-frontman Chester Bennington the previous day, while the final leg of the tour in Japan was cancelled on October 3, 2017. Starting October 2016, the band",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730510",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nlater on. The album performed well commercially, debuting at number one in several countries; it became the band's fifth number-one album on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, as well. It was certified gold in three countries and silver by the BPI in the UK. Despite a positive commercial performance, it received mixed reviews from music critics. This, along with accusations of selling out, prompted an angry response from Bennington. In 2014, Linkin Park released their sixth studio album \"\"The Hunting Party\"\". The album, produced by Mike Shinoda and Brad Delson, marked a shift from the overall rock sound in their previous albums",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15148366",
"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park\"\nto Midnight\"\" (2007). The album topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year. The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds. Their fifth album, \"\"Living Things\"\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records. Their sixth album, \"\"The Hunting Party\"\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound. Their seventh album \"\"One More Light\"\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017. In 2003, MTV2 named Linkin Park the sixth-greatest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8916252",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\nagain.\"\"\"\". On October 25, 2017, American DJ/Producer and Linkin Park collaborator Steve Aoki released his remix of \"\"One More Light\"\", as his second tribute song to Bennington following his mashup, \"\"Darker Than The Light That Never Bleeds\"\", which was released a month earlier. The official video was uploaded to Linkin Park's YouTube channel on September 18, 2017, and directed by Joe Hahn and Mark Fiore. It features footage of Chester performing in the middle of fans, footage of him at live shows such as Live in Texas and , and past music videos for their past singles \"\"Burn It Down\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730522",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nand all the lyrics, a unique 2.4\"\" × 1.8\"\" instant photo of the band, and a gold enamel pin set featuring a Linkin Park pin, a LP Hex logo pin, and a \"\"OML\"\" logo pin. It also included both the CD and vinyl versions of the album as well as the \"\"One More Light\"\" T-shirt. The first single, \"\"Heavy\"\", was released via Los Angeles radio station KROQ on February 16, 2017. The track is a duet with American singer and songwriter Kiiara, marking the first time a Linkin Park song from a studio album has featured a female vocalist. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13956028",
"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park\"\nand Justin Tranter. The single was released for download on February 16. As they have done in the past, Linkin Park had cryptic messages online in relation to the new album. The album cover was revealed through digital puzzles across social media; the cover features six kids playing in the ocean. The band's seventh album, \"\"One More Light\"\", was released on May 19, 2017. Bennington died on July 20, 2017; his death was ruled a suicide by hanging. Shinoda confirmed Bennington's death on Twitter, writing, \"\"Shocked and heartbroken, but it's true. An official statement will come out as soon as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730523",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nsong was written by Linkin Park with Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter, while Emily Wright and Andrew Bolooki handled vocal production. The band released a second track from the album, \"\"Battle Symphony\"\", on March 16, 2017, with an accompanying lyric video. A third track from the album, \"\"Good Goodbye\"\", was released for download on April 13, 2017, along with an accompanying lyric video followed by a music video. The song features American rapper Pusha T and English hip hop artist Stormzy. On May 10, 2017, the band put out one final pre-release track, \"\"Invisible\"\", with an accompanying lyric video. \"\"Talking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13155207",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\nChris Cornell who had died a day before. After lead singer Chester Bennington's suicide on July 20, 2017, the band selected \"\"One More Light\"\" as their next single. Shinoda wrote \"\"\"\"One More Light was written with the intention of sending love to those who lost someone. We now find ourselves on the receiving end. In memorial events, art, videos, and images, fans all over the world have gravitated towards this song as their declaration of love and support for the band and the memory of our dear friend, Chester. We are so very grateful and can’t wait to see you",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730524",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nto Myself\"\" was sent to alternative radio July 25, 2017, as the album's second official single. The music video for \"\"Talking to Myself\"\" was released on July 20, 2017, the same day that band member Chester Bennington died. In early 2017, the band introduced Linkin Park Global Ambassadors, which were selected each for a country. The ambassadors would promote the Linkin Park updates in their respective countries. The Ambassadors were also given various tasks respective to the updates. For promotional purposes, a picture of TV color bars was uploaded to the Instagram by the Linkin Park Global Ambassadors and many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14492312",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\n\"\"Waiting for the End\"\" and \"\"Powerless\"\", as well the band themselves through the years. On making the music video, Hahn said: Mike Shinoda commented: Upon its release, the video racked up 3 million views on YouTube in the first 24 hours. As of July 28, 2018, the video has reached over 100 million views. On 3 October 2017, Linkin Park uploaded an official lyric video to YouTube. This video was created by Nicola Drilling and fans of Linkin Park from around the world. As of June 8, 2018, the lyric video has more than 5 million views on YouTube. Band",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730509",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nParty\"\" (2014). The album features guest vocal appearances from Pusha T, Stormzy, and Kiiara, and production and songwriting collaborations with Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Ross Golan, Andrew Goldstein, blackbear, and Eg White. The album is also the band's first to feature a title track, as they felt that the song \"\"One More Light\"\" was the heart of the album. The album's lead single, \"\"Heavy\"\", featuring Kiiara, was released on February 16, 2017. \"\"Battle Symphony\"\", \"\"Good Goodbye\"\", and \"\"Invisible\"\" were released as promotional singles prior to the album's release. \"\"Talking to Myself\"\" and \"\"One More Light\"\" were released as radio singles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4600309",
"chunk_text": "\"Heavy (Linkin Park song)\"\nHeavy (Linkin Park song) \"\"Heavy\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park, featuring guest vocals from American singer Kiiara. The song is the first single from their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\". The song was written by Linkin Park members Chester Bennington, Brad Delson, and Mike Shinoda, alongside Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter. The single was released for download on February 16, 2017, and was premiered on radio on February 21. It is the band's last single to be released during Bennington's lifetime. Band members Chester Bennington, Mike Shinoda, and Brad Delson worked with Julia Michaels and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3603450",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light Live\"\nthat occurred during Ariana Grande's concert. On July 20, 2017, Bennington died by suicide in his Palos Verdes Estates home. In the wake of his death, Linkin Park cancelled the rest of the \"\"One More Light\"\" tour, which was set to begin a week after Bennington's death. The live album captures performances of 16 songs that Bennington played with Linkin Park during their tour in Europe. Linkin Park Additional musicians One More Light Live One More Light Live is the third live CD compilation by American rock band Linkin Park, released on December 15, 2017. Recorded during the band's European",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3603449",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light Live\"\nKimmel Live!\"\". The band set off for a one-month trip to Europe to play a total of 16 shows. The European Tour began in Bretigny, France on June 9, 2017. The tour took the band to numerous festivals including Download Paris, Hellfest, Impact, Southside and more. Linkin Park played back-to-back shows in London before the tour came to an end in Birmingham, England where Bennington's final performance with Linkin Park took place. The band was scheduled to play in Manchester the following day but cancelled their performance due to the venue still being damaged from the May 2017 terrorist attack",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6730525",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nother people related to the band such as Joe Hahn, Mike Shinoda, Chester Bennington, Phoenix, Lorenzo Errico, Adam Ruehmer, Jim Digby, Christian Tachiera, Tobias Fance, Frank Maddocks, Tal Cooperman, and Warner Bros. Records' official account. The band also released a series of 8 videos on their official website showing fans their process of creating songs for the album. On February 13, Linkin Park tweeted a blank grid, and each of the Linkin Park Global Ambassadors tweeted a numbered image. When put together, the images formed the album cover. The lyrics of \"\"Heavy\"\" were unveiled on Genius on the same day.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park\"\nwe have one\"\". The band had released a music video for their single \"\"Talking to Myself\"\" earlier that day. One day after Bennington's death, the band canceled the North American leg of their One More Light World Tour. On the morning of July 24, Linkin Park released an official statement on their website as a tribute to Bennington. On July 28, Shinoda announced that donations made to the band's Music for Relief charity would be redirected to the One More Light Fund, which had been set up in Bennington's memory. On August 4, when the band was initially scheduled to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730527",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nperformances with Kiiara, Waxx, and Sofia Karlberg. The band were set to embark on a world tour in the promotion of the album, which began in South America in May 2017. The tour included stops at various festivals, including the Download Festival Paris, Aerodrome Festival, NovaRock, Impact Festival, I-Days Milano, Hellfest, Download Festival Madrid, Hurricane Festival, Southside Festival, Telekom VOLT Fesztivál, Bråvalla Festival, Rock Werchter, and many others. The tour visited 20 cities in the South America and Europe. The North American part of the tour was cancelled following Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017. At Metacritic, which assigns",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Heavy (Linkin Park song)\"\nmetal sound, catching the attention of many music websites such as Loudwire and Team Rock, the latter of which declared it \"\"what Linkin Park's Heavy should have sounded like.\"\" The cover and negative reception even caught the attention of the band, who halfheartedly played a part of it in a rehearsal session video, with Bennington jokingly stating at the end \"\"There's your fuckin' \"\"Hybrid Theory\"\" now shut the... [fuck up]\"\". The song was released as the first single from their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\". It was released digitally on February 16, 2017. The music video for the song",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Invisible (Linkin Park song)\"\nsong was written about his kids and the thought that when they get older and become teenagers, it will be harder to discipline them. According to him, \"\"Invisible\"\" sends the listener to that moment when, in a parental or mentoring situation, you have to tell your kids something they don't wanna hear and you want them to know you're doing it because you care, not because you want to hurt their feelings. The song was released from their seventh studio album \"\"One More Light\"\". It was released digitally on May 10, 2017. The band released a lyric video of the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Chester Bennington\"\nwhich became a commercial success. The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in 2005, making it the best-selling debut album of the decade, as well as one of the few albums ever to hit that many sales. Linkin Park's following studio albums, from \"\"Meteora\"\" (2003) to \"\"One More Light\"\" (2017), continued the band's success. Linkin Park has sold over 100 million records worldwide making them the best-selling band of the 21st century and one of the best-selling artists of all time. Bennington formed his own band, Dead by Sunrise, as a side project in 2005.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"A Light That Never Comes\"\nA Light That Never Comes \"\"A Light That Never Comes\"\" is a song written and recorded by American rock band Linkin Park, and is their first collaboration with American musician Steve Aoki. It was included on the band's second remix album, \"\"Recharged\"\". It is the twenty-sixth single by the band. The song appears as the opening track on the album while a reboot version produced by Rick Rubin serves as the closing track. In addition to the song being released in advance when \"\"Recharged\"\" was partially released early on September 16, 2013, \"\"A Light That Never Comes\"\" was released to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park and Friends: Celebrate Life in Honor of Chester Bennington\"\nand Kiiara. Chester Bennington was found dead on July 20, 2017 right after the first leg of Linkin Park's One More Light World Tour to promote their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\". Because of this, the band cancelled the rest of the tour. On August 22, Linkin Park announced plans to host a tribute concert in Los Angeles to honor Bennington. Later, the band confirmed that the concert would take place on October 27 at the Hollywood Bowl, and would feature a number of bands and musicians. On September 23, the band announced that the concert had officially sold",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "6730526",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nLinkin Park did a stripped-down performance with Kiiara at NRG Studios, which was broadcast live on Facebook the same day \"\"Heavy\"\" was released along with its lyric video and the album pre-order. The stripped-down version of the song was performed on various occasions. Shinoda and Bennington played the song fourteen times at different venues for the promotion. The band played the song on \"\"The Late Late Show with James Corden\"\" and at the ECHO Awards 2017 with Kiiara. Acoustic performances of the lead single by Chester Bennington and Mike Shinoda helped promote \"\"One More Light\"\". A few of them included",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_id": "5505446",
"chunk_text": "\"Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds\"\nDarker Than the Light That Never Bleeds \"\"Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds\"\" (also known as \"\"Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds (Chester Forever Steve Aoki Remix)\"\") is a mashup remix song by American electro house musician Steve Aoki. Remixing and mashing up the songs \"\"A Light That Never Comes\"\" and \"\"Darker Than Blood\"\", both of which were collaboratively written and recorded by Linkin Park and Aoki, it is a tribute by Aoki to Linkin Park's late lead singer Chester Bennington following his death. It was released as a single on September 8, 2017. The song was mashed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "5002657",
"chunk_text": "\"A Light That Never Comes\"\nwas a remix of the official video of the single, which was an animated video, taken from the official video of the song by the band and Steve Aoki. A Light That Never Comes \"\"A Light That Never Comes\"\" is a song written and recorded by American rock band Linkin Park, and is their first collaboration with American musician Steve Aoki. It was included on the band's second remix album, \"\"Recharged\"\". It is the twenty-sixth single by the band. The song appears as the opening track on the album while a reboot version produced by Rick Rubin serves as the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
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"chunk_id": "19733226",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Suns\"\nA Thousand Suns A Thousand Suns is the fourth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on September 8, 2010, by Warner Bros. Records. The album was written by the band and was produced by Linkin Park vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, who worked together to produce the band's previous studio album \"\"Minutes to Midnight\"\" (2007). Recording sessions for \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\" took place at NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood, California from 2008 until early 2010. \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\" is a concept album dealing with human fears such as nuclear warfare. The band has",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "6730521",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nartworks for Deftones and Green Day's \"\"Revolution Radio\"\". The album was made available on Linkin Park's official website in five different packages: CD + LPU membership, vinyl + LPU Membership, CD bundle, vinyl bundle, and the \"\"Just Give Me Everything\"\" box set. All offers were accompanied by an LPU digital membership. Both the CD bundle and vinyl bundle include a \"\"One More Light\"\" T-shirt and a silver Linkin Park logo enamel pin. The box set was bound inside a special \"\"One More Light\"\" super deluxe box with a 48-page hardcover book featuring all the best photos from the album package",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park\"\n28, 2015 at the Aragon Ballroom in Chicago, Illinois. The song was debuted on Twitch.tv on April 13 and released on April 14. Linkin Park performed at the closing ceremony of Blizzcon 2015, Blizzard's video game convention. Linkin Park began working on new material for a seventh studio album in November 2015. Chester Bennington commented on the album's direction by stating, \"\"We’ve got a lot of great material that I hope challenges our fanbase as well as inspires them as much as it has us.\"\" In February 2017, Linkin Park released promotional videos on their social network accounts, which featured",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "14492303",
"chunk_text": "\"Invisible (Linkin Park song)\"\nInvisible (Linkin Park song) \"\"Invisible\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released from their seventh studio album \"\"One More Light\"\". The song was written by Mike Shinoda and Justin Parker. The song is sung by Mike Shinoda with Chester Bennington on backing vocals. The song premiered on May 10, 2017 at Zane Lowe's World Record show on Beats 1. Mike Shinoda met with English songwriter and producer Justin Parker in London for a writing session during The Hunting Party Tour. Shinoda later told Ticketmaster, \"\"I did a couple of stopovers in London on the way",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
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"chunk_id": "14492289",
"chunk_text": "\"Nobody Can Save Me\"\nDelson, Jon Green, and Mike Shinoda working on lyrics for a new song. Mike Shinoda went on to say Jon Green really related well with Chester. The song was released from their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\". It was digitally released on May 18, 2017. As of 20 August 2018, the video audio has gained nearly 30 million views. Nobody Can Save Me \"\"Nobody Can Save Me\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park, and first track from their seventh studio album \"\"One More Light\"\". The song is described as a glitch, representing a rebirth in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "13155195",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle Symphony (Linkin Park song)\"\nBattle Symphony (Linkin Park song) \"\"Battle Symphony\"\" is a promotional single by American rock band Linkin Park. The song was recorded by the band for their seventh studio album, titled \"\"One More Light\"\". The song appears on the album as the fourth track. The song was written by Linkin Park members Brad Delson and Mike Shinoda. The song was released on March 16, 2017, but it was leaked some days before. The title \"\"Battle Symphony\"\" was first seen in a picture posted on Joe Hahn's Instagram story on September 6, 2016 of Brad playing acoustic guitar with the band's song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17903929",
"chunk_text": "\"One Step Closer (Linkin Park song)\"\nOne Step Closer (Linkin Park song) \"\"One Step Closer\"\" is the debut single by American nu metal band Linkin Park. It was released as the first single and second track of their debut album, \"\"Hybrid Theory\"\". The song was featured in the 2008 music video games \"\"Rock Band 2\"\" and \"\"\"\", and the soundtrack to the 2000 film \"\"Dracula 2000\"\" in the end credits. A remixed version of the song entitled \"\"1Stp Klosr\"\" was featured on Linkin Park's remix album, \"\"Reanimation\"\". This song was merged with another song off \"\"Hybrid Theory\"\", \"\"Points of Authority\"\" and \"\"99 Problems\"\" by Jay-Z on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "17713245",
"chunk_text": "\"Waiting for the End\"\nin the US from the album. Outside the US, the song was generally less successful than \"\"The Catalyst\"\". Chester Bennington said this about the success of the single in an interview with MTV on February 7, 2011: All songs written and composed by Linkin Park. Waiting for the End \"\"Waiting for the End\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park, released on October 1, 2010. It is the second single from their fourth studio album, \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\", which was released on September 14, 2010. A music video for the single, directed by Joe Hahn, was released on",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "8241329",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light World Tour\"\nstated: \"\"Our fans know how much love we put into our live show. They know how much we enjoy the connection when we play a fan favorite on stage. The emotional and sonic content of this new batch of songs is going to bring a whole new dimension to the show.\"\" On July 20, 2017, Chester Bennington died by suicide inside his home in Palos Verdes Estates, California. His final performance with the band was on July 6 at the Barclaycard Arena in Birmingham, England. Due to his death, the status of the remaining tour dates was placed into question.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
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"chunk_id": "17164668",
"chunk_text": "\"A Thousand Suns\"\nSpecial Effects. Linkin Park won the Best International Rock/Alternative Group for \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\" at the 2011 ECHO Awards. At the MTV Video Game Awards, \"\"Blackout\"\" won the Best Song in a Video Game award for its use in \"\"FIFA 11\"\". \"\"Waiting for the End\"\" was nominated at the 2011 Teen Choice Awards for Choice Rock Song. Source: AllMusic and \"\"A Thousand Suns \"\"booklet. A Thousand Suns A Thousand Suns is the fourth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released on September 8, 2010, by Warner Bros. Records. The album was written by the band and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "404077",
"chunk_text": "\"Recharged (album)\"\nRecharged (album) Recharged is the second remix album of recordings by American rock band Linkin Park. The album was released on October 29, 2013, through Warner Bros. Records and Machine Shop Recordings. It is entirely produced by Rick Rubin and Mike Shinoda. The album includes remixes of ten of the songs from the band's fifth studio album \"\"Living Things\"\", as well as a new song, \"\"A Light That Never Comes\"\" (and a remix of it) with Steve Aoki, which is the album's first single, released on September 16. Although \"\"Recharged\"\" received mixed reviews from critics, it is the tenth best",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "6730518",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nbuild progressively from a chord progression to lyrics. In a promotional teaser, Shinoda said: While most of the collaborators on the album were just songwriters, the band also brought in vocal producers because they wanted a different perspective on how to approach the vocals. Among the collaborators are Justin Parker, Conner Youngblood, Jon Green, blackbear, Andrew Goldstein, Eg White, Emily Wright, Andrew Bolooki, Andrew Dawson, RAC, Corrin Roddick, and Ross Golan. American singer Kiiara also had a seven-hour session with Linkin Park to record her vocals for \"\"Heavy\"\", and rappers Stormzy and Pusha T contributed to the album with original",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "13956040",
"chunk_text": "\"Linkin Park\"\nrock, industrial rock, experimental rock, rap rock, and progressive rock. Their fifth album, \"\"Living Things\"\", is also an electronic-heavy album, but includes other influences, resulting in a harder sound by comparison. The band returned to a heavier sound compared to their last three albums on \"\"The Hunting Party\"\", which was described as an alternative metal, nu metal, hard rock, rap rock, and rap metal album. Their seventh album, \"\"One More Light,\"\" was described as pop, pop rock and electropop. Linkin Park's influences include Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Pearl Jam, Stone Temple Pilots, Jane's Addiction, Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Skinny Puppy,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 43
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"chunk_id": "13155192",
"chunk_text": "\"Talking to Myself (song)\"\nTalking to Myself (song) \"\"Talking to Myself\"\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. The song is the second single from their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\" and was released on July 25, 2017. The music video was released on July 20, 2017, the same day that Linkin Park's lead vocalist, Chester Bennington, was found dead by suicide. It is Chester Bennington's first posthumously released single. The music video, which features footage of the band performing at various places and rehearsing, was edited and directed by Mark Fiore. It was released several hours before Chester Bennington was",
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"page_id": 44
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"chunk_text": "\"One More Light (song)\"\nFuse Top 40 Videos of 2017 and is also nominated for Best Rock Video at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards. In late 2016, Shinoda revealed that he had worked with British songwriter Eg White on a song. In an interview leading up to the reveal of the album's lead single, \"\"Heavy\"\", Shinoda revealed that White had worked with him on the song \"\"One More Light\"\" while Brad Delson attended the funeral of one of the band's friends. When asked what he wanted to write about by White, Shinoda said that the only thing he could think about was the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 45
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"chunk_id": "13163334",
"chunk_text": "\"Dead by Sunrise\"\nby suicide in his home in California. The band made an official statement on their Facebook page on July 29. Band members Ryan Shuck and Amir Derakh along with Grey Daze member Mace Beyers were united to perform a tribute for Bennington in an acoustic concert on September 2 in Las Vegas. They later took part in Linkin Park's memorial concert for Chester Bennington on October 27, 2017. They performed \"\"One Step Closer\"\" alongside Korn vocalist Jonathan Davis. In September 2018 Julien-k aka Dead By Sunrise Performed the One More Light 2 memorial in Milan Italy as Dead By sunrise",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
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"chunk_id": "6730511",
"chunk_text": "\"One More Light\"\nproduced with help of Rick Rubin. The pre-production of \"\"One More Light\"\" began in mid-2015 during The Hunting Party Tour by Shinoda on his phone. The main production began as soon as the tour ended. In the process, the band decided to write songs with some external help. They worked with Zayed Hassan, which resulted in his song \"\"Sailing Through the Clouds\"\", Martin Garrix, Hot Karl, Mike Baczor of the band Her0, The Lonely Island, which resulted in \"\"Things in My Jeep\"\", and One Ok Rock. None of these collaborations, however, made the final version of the album. The album",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14492290",
"chunk_text": "\"Good Goodbye\"\nGood Goodbye \"\"Good Goodbye\"\" is a promotional single by American rock band Linkin Park, featuring guest vocals from American rapper Pusha T and British grime artist Stormzy. The song is a promotional single from their seventh studio album, \"\"One More Light\"\". The song was written by Linkin Park members, with Pusha T and Stormzy writing their own verses. The song was released for download on April 13, 2017. According to Mike Shinoda, the song was created very early in the album process. He came up with the hook and the track in a day while working alone with Jesse Shatkin.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 48
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17475560",
"chunk_text": "\"The Catalyst\"\nThe Catalyst \"\"The Catalyst\"\" is a song by the American rock band Linkin Park. Released on August 2, 2010,<ref name=\"\"9/14\"\"></ref> it is the first single from their fourth studio album, \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\", which was released on September 8, 2010. The music video for the song, directed by the band's turntablist Joe Hahn, was released on August 25, 2010. \"\"The Catalyst\"\" is used in the trailer and credits of the video game \"\"Medal of Honor\"\" and also the opening song of Namco-Bandai's Arcade game, \"\"\"\". It was also used in select commercials of the Discovery Channel series, \"\"Surviving the Cut\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_622
|
what territory is spain and the united kingdom in a dispute over?
|
n/a
|
[
"Gibraltar"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "5748682",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nSpain–United Kingdom relations Spain–United Kingdom relations, also called Spanish-British relations, are the bilateral international relations between the Kingdom of Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The history of Spanish–British relations is complicated by the political heritage of the two countries. Neither the United Kingdom nor Spain has a unique constitutional ancestor; the United Kingdom was originally created by a union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland (and later joined by Ireland), whilst the Kingdom of Spain was initially created by a union of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon. They have also been complicated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
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"chunk_id": "13342108",
"chunk_text": "Spain\nany proposal of shared sovereignty. UN resolutions call on the United Kingdom and Spain, both EU members, to reach an agreement over the status of Gibraltar. The Spanish claim makes a distinction between the isthmus that connects the Rock to the Spanish mainland on the one hand, and the Rock and city of Gibraltar on the other. While the Rock and city were ceded by the Treaty of Utrecht, Spain asserts that the \"\"occupation of the isthmus is illegal and against the principles of International Law\"\". The United Kingdom relies on \"\"de facto\"\" arguments of possession by prescription in relation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375557",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nSpain The list below is of British and Spanish town twinnings. Spain–United Kingdom relations Spain–United Kingdom relations, also called Spanish-British relations, are the bilateral international relations between the Kingdom of Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The history of Spanish–British relations is complicated by the political heritage of the two countries. Neither the United Kingdom nor Spain has a unique constitutional ancestor; the United Kingdom was originally created by a union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland (and later joined by Ireland), whilst the Kingdom of Spain was initially created by a union of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4123731",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nbe conducted. In 2004, Spain and the United Kingdom established the Tripartite Forum for Dialogue on Gibraltar, with equal representation of both countries and the British Overseas Territory. Waters around Gibraltar, declared by the United Kingdom as territorial waters according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (to a three-mile limit), and claimed by Spain, are other source of clash, with the Government of Gibraltar actively backing the British position naming the disputed waters as \"\"British Gibraltar territorial waters\"\". In December 2008, the European Commission approved a Spanish request designating most of the waters around Gibraltar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748718",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nthat strain relations slightly, and the withdrawal negotiations may increase strains over some issues. The status of Gibraltar is a major point of contention in relations between the two nations, dating back to the conflicts in the early 18th century. The official status of Gibraltar is that of a British overseas territory. Captured by Dutch and British troops in 1704, the Spanish king transferred the territory to Great Britain in 1713 under the terms of of the Treaty of Utrecht. In two referendums, held in September 1967 and November 2002, the people of Gibraltar rejected any proposal for the transfer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19395779",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nDisputed status of Gibraltar Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, is the subject of an irredentist territorial claim by Spain. It was captured in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The Spanish Crown formally ceded the territory in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713, under of the Treaty of Utrecht. Spain later attempted to recapture the territory during the thirteenth siege (1727) and the Great siege (1779–1783). British sovereignty over Gibraltar was confirmed in later treaties signed in Seville (1729) and the Treaty of Paris (1783). Reclamation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20454218",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nBritish sources Spanish sources Disputed status of Gibraltar Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, is the subject of an irredentist territorial claim by Spain. It was captured in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The Spanish Crown formally ceded the territory in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713, under of the Treaty of Utrecht. Spain later attempted to recapture the territory during the thirteenth siege (1727) and the Great siege (1779–1783). British sovereignty over Gibraltar was confirmed in later treaties signed in Seville (1729) and the Treaty of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375552",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nmeet to talk about it. For us, it is a stone in the shoe all day long\"\". The United Kingdom and Spain have had several recent disputes over fishing rights, particularly with regards to the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy. When Spain became a member state in 1986, it had the world's sixth largest fishing fleet, and much of the economies of Galicia, Asturias, and Cantabria depended upon catches by Spanish boats outside Spain's national Exclusive Economic Zone, just as they do today. To prevent the fleets of other EU members (particularly Spain) taking up the UK's Common Fisheries Policy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13407208",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of Spain\"\nthe War of the Spanish Succession, Gibraltar has been the subject of a dispute between the United Kingdom and Spain. Situated at the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula, overseeing the Strait of Gibraltar which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea, the territory has great strategic importance. Today, Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory and houses an important base of British Armed Forces. The strategic position of the Strait of Gibraltar has left a legacy of a number of sovereignty disputes, including those with Morocco concerning the \"\"five places of sovereignty\"\" (\"\"plazas de soberanía\"\") on and off the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748683",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nby the fact that the United Kingdom and Spain were both imperial powers, after the same land, an occurrence which is being played out to this day with the disputed ownership and status of Gibraltar. For centuries, the role of England, and subsequently the United Kingdom, in Iberia was coloured by the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. Relations with Portugal always have been closer than those with Spain, and Spain and the United Kingdom have gone to war twice over Portugal's independence. In 1384, at the height of the Hundred Years' War, England provided reinforcements to King João I to thwart a French-backed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375533",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\n1789 at Nootka Sound, an unsettled area at the time that is now part of British Columbia, Canada. Spain seized small British commercial ships engaged in the fur trade in an area on the Pacific on an area on the Pacific Coast. Spain claimed ownership based on a papal decree of 1493 that Spain said gave it control of the entire Pacific Ocean. Britain rejected the Spanish claims and used its greatly superior naval power to threaten a war and win the dispute. Spain, a rapidly fading military power, was unable to depend upon its longtime ally France, which was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10201122",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain\"\nof the city, and the rest had no territorial jurisdiction (the literal phrase of the treaty is \"\"the Catholic King wills, and takes it to be understood that the above-named propriety be yielded to Great Britain without any territorial jurisdiction\"\"). Therefore, the Treaty would not have ceded any part of the isthmus. Spain considers that such an area was occupied by the UK since the 19th century (1815), and such \"\"occupation of the isthmus [by the United Kingdom] is illegal and against the principles of the international law\"\". For said reason, British sovereignty is not acknowledged by Spain, considering itself",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4123740",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nbecome known as the Factortame case. In total, £55m has been paid out by the British government to Spanish parties (both public and private) for loss of earnings. To this day, the large Spanish fishing fleet does the majority of its fishing outside Spain's EEZ, as far away as Canada and Namibia. Nonetheless, a large part of its business comes from fishing in the waters of northern Europe, particularly those of the United Kingdom and Ireland. At times of debate of the United Kingdom's declining fish stocks, this has caused strained relations between Spain and the UK, and particularly between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375513",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\npayment for Spanish soldiers who were fighting rebels there. Queen Elizabeth discovered that the gold was not owned by Spain, but was still owned by Italian bankers. She decided to seize it, and treated as a loan from the Italian bankers to England. The bankers agree to her terms, so Elizabeth had the money and she eventually repaid the bankers. Spain reacted furiously, and seized English property in the Netherlands and Spain. England reacted by seizing Spanish ships and properties in England. Spain reacted by imposing an embargo preventing all English imports into the Netherlands. The bitter diplomatic standoff lasted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18268876",
"chunk_text": "\"Gibraltar–Spain border\"\nwere causing major delays of up to seven hours while people waited to cross the border, and on 2 August the Spanish Ambassador was summoned to the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London to explain these developments. The Gibraltar Port Authority controls the territorial waters of Gibraltar that border Spain's. Gibraltar–Spain border The Gibraltar–Spain border is the international boundary between the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar and the Kingdom of Spain. It is also referred to as \"\"The Fence of Gibraltar\"\" () or simply \"\"The Fence\"\". The border runs east-west for a total of separating Gibraltar from the neighbouring",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18268870",
"chunk_text": "\"Gibraltar–Spain border\"\nGibraltar–Spain border The Gibraltar–Spain border is the international boundary between the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar and the Kingdom of Spain. It is also referred to as \"\"The Fence of Gibraltar\"\" () or simply \"\"The Fence\"\". The border runs east-west for a total of separating Gibraltar from the neighbouring Spanish municipality of La Línea de la Concepción. Since the United Kingdom is outside the European Union's Schengen Area, Gibraltar is too and therefore, identity checks are required to cross the border. The territory of Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain in perpetuity under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4123732",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nas one of Spain's protected nature sites under EU law. This decision is being currently challenged in the European Court of Justice by the Government of Gibraltar, backed by the British government. The Commission will defend its position and, in doing so, will be backed by Spain In May 2009 Gibraltar authorities complained about the presence of a Guardia Civil Maritime Service vessel into the three-mile waters around Gibraltar, escalating to the intervention of Royal Navy Gibraltar Squadron and a diplomatic protest by the Government of the United Kingdom. Further incidents occurred in November 2009. In July 2009 Miguel Ángel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19683386",
"chunk_text": "\"Argentina–United Kingdom relations\"\nthey agreed to begin a new stage of dialogue and friendship between the two countries and reaffirming the strong relationship the two countries have historically. Argentina has an embassy in London and the United Kingdom has an embassy in Buenos Aires. The current British Ambassador to Argentina is Mark Kent and current Argentine Ambassador to the United Kingdom is Renato Carlos Sersale di Cerisano. Both states are members of the G-20. The modern territory of Argentina was initially part of the Spanish Empire. The Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute was initially a dispute of Spain and Britain, with events such as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12444411",
"chunk_text": "Gibraltar\nGibraltar Gibraltar (; ) is a British Overseas Territory located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula. It has an area of and is bordered to the north by Spain. The landscape is dominated by the Rock of Gibraltar at the foot of which is a densely populated town area, home to over 30,000 people, primarily Gibraltarians. It shares a maritime border with Morocco. In 1704, Anglo-Dutch forces captured Gibraltar from Spain during the War of the Spanish Succession on behalf of the Habsburg claim to the Spanish throne. The territory was ceded to Great Britain in perpetuity under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10201120",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain\"\nDisputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain The Gibraltar territory currently contains an long section of the isthmus that links the Rock with mainland Spain. Spain does not acknowledge British sovereignty over Gibraltar beyond the fortified perimeter of the town as at 1704. The United Kingdom claims the southern part of the isthmus on the basis of continuous possession over a long period. As well as the airport, there are two substantial housing estates, a sports stadium, a secondary school, a marina, and a beach on this land, which de facto is an integral part of the territory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19395816",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nupon ratification of the Convention by the Government of Spain, the Government of the United Kingdom has no doubt about the sovereignty of the United Kingdom over Gibraltar, including its territorial waters. The Government of the United Kingdom, as the administering authority of Gibraltar, has extended the United Kingdom's accession to the Convention and ratification of the Agreement to Gibraltar. The Government of the United Kingdom, therefore, rejects as unfounded point 2 of the Spanish declaration. However, Articles 309 and 310 of the Convention state that \"\"No reservations or exceptions may be made to this Convention unless expressly permitted by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15394528",
"chunk_text": "\"Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute\"\nThe Commonwealth of Nations listed the islands as a British Overseas Territory in their 2012 yearbook. At the OAS summits Canada has continued to state its support for the islanders' right to self-determination. Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute Sovereignty over the Falkland Islands () is disputed by Argentina and the United Kingdom. The British claim to sovereignty dates from 1690, and the United Kingdom has exercised \"\"de facto\"\" sovereignty over the archipelago almost continuously since 1833. Argentina has long disputed this claim, having been in control of the islands for a few years prior to 1833. The dispute escalated in 1982,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2682514",
"chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom\"\nUnited Kingdom The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland but more commonly known as the UK or Britain, is a sovereign country lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10201125",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain\"\nin a , as well as in several EU acts, the UK has acknowledged that Spain disputes the sovereignty of the isthmus (\"\"The ... arrangements ... are understood to be without prejudice to the respective legal positions of Spain and the United Kingdom with regard to the dispute over sovereignty over the territory in which the airport is situated.\"\"), although they reject the basis for that dispute. The Gibraltar government rejects Spain's argument in its entirety. They point out that as \"\"Utrecht\"\" ceded \"\"\"\"the town and castle of Gibraltar, together with the port, fortifications, and forts thereunto belonging\"\"\"\" and there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748701",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nduring the War of Spanish Succession, conflicts between Great Britain and Spain were largely focused in the Caribbean, and in North America. The British had been relatively late to settle on the continent, but had built up a number of successful colonies with rapidly expanding populations. They began to challenge the Spanish monopoly on trade in South America, which the Spanish tried to prevent by passing laws against non-Spanish traders. These longstanding policies had proved a source of conflict in the mid 17th century, and again became a source of conflict after the Treaty of Utrecht included an Asiento which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15394469",
"chunk_text": "\"Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute\"\nFalkland Islands sovereignty dispute Sovereignty over the Falkland Islands () is disputed by Argentina and the United Kingdom. The British claim to sovereignty dates from 1690, and the United Kingdom has exercised \"\"de facto\"\" sovereignty over the archipelago almost continuously since 1833. Argentina has long disputed this claim, having been in control of the islands for a few years prior to 1833. The dispute escalated in 1982, when Argentina invaded the islands, precipitating the Falklands War. Contemporary Falkland Islanders overwhelmingly prefer to remain British. They gained full British citizenship with the British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983, after British victory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10201124",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain\"\nin Spanish) instead of \"\"frontier\"\" or \"\"border\"\", since it does not acknowledge the possibility of having a frontier with what Spain considers to be its own territory. Historically however it has often been referred to as a frontier, even during the Franco era on official documents. Frontier passes were issued by the Spanish authorities which clearly referred to it as a frontier. The United Kingdom relies on \"\"de facto\"\" arguments of possession by prescription in relation to the southern part of the isthmus, as there has been \"\"continuous possession [of the isthmus] over a long period\"\". On December 2, 1987,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "591127",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nSpain is to take place, except for emergency provisions in the case that Gibraltar is unable to be resupplied by sea. The British Government and the Government of Gibraltar today argue that the membership of both Gibraltar and Spain in the European Union (EU) — Gibraltar was included as a Special member state territory when the United Kingdom joined the EU in 1973; Spain joined the EU in 1986 — supersedes such restrictions as the EU is committed to free movement of goods and services. The United Nations February 2016 report sets out the differing points of view of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748726",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nminutes, during which the Royal Navy sent it repeated radio warnings demanding it leave, before leaving. The British Foreign Office protested to the Spanish government over the incident, described as the most serious Spanish incursion since the 1960s. The incident followed previous incursions involving Spanish police motorboats entering Gibraltar's waters, interfering with pleasure craft and protecting fishermen using illegal practices. The intensity of the disagreement about Gibraltar has been perceived in different ways by the two countries. According to former Spanish prime minister Felipe González, \"\"For the British, Gibraltar is a visit to the dentist once a year when we",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748717",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\n\"\"non-belligerent\"\" instead of \"\"neutral\"\", expressing its alignment with the Axis Powers. Following the end of the war, frosty relations continued between the two states until the end of the Franco era and the democratisation of Spain, with this relations warmed rapidly, as trade and tourism became significant between the two countries. Wars between the British and the Spanish include: In the present day, Spain and the United Kingdom maintain very good relations, both being members of NATO, OECD, and for the moment the European Union. They have many common laws due to EU membership. However, there are a few problems",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748719",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nof sovereignty to Spain. The 2002 referendum was on a proposal for joint sovereignty which at one stage was supported by the UK Government. Considering the Gibraltarians decolonisation subjects, Spain asserts it is a bilateral issue between sovereign nations on the grounds of the \"\"territorial integrity\"\" clause UN Resolutions, which according to Spain prevails over the right to self-determination to the colonists themselves. On the other hand, Gibraltar's authorities consider Gibraltarian people the legitimate inhabitants of the territory, and therefore entitled to the self-determination right in compliance of the same United Nations' resolutions. Gibraltar's 2006 Constitution Order endorsed and approved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1848061",
"chunk_text": "Spain\nEU membership represents an important part of its foreign policy. Even on many international issues beyond western Europe, Spain prefers to co-ordinate its efforts with its EU partners through the European political co-operation mechanisms. Spain has maintained its special relations with Hispanic America and the Philippines. Its policy emphasises the concept of an Ibero-American community, essentially the renewal of the concept of \"\"\"\"Hispanidad\"\"\"\" or \"\"\"\"Hispanismo\"\"\"\", as it is often referred to in English, which has sought to link the Iberian Peninsula with Hispanic America through language, commerce, history and culture. Spain claims Gibraltar, a Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5214608",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nthe maritime space of Gibraltar that are not included in article 10 of the Treaty of Utrecht of 13 July 1713 concluded between the Crowns of Spain and Great Britain. Furthermore, Spain does not consider that Resolution III of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea is applicable to the colony of Gibraltar, which is subject to a process of decolonization in which only relevant resolutions adopted by the United Nations General Assembly are applicable. The British government responded to the Spanish statement in their own statement: With regard to point 2 of the declaration made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5214633",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nas \"\"a show of defiance against Spain.\"\" Additional protests followed in August 2012 after Gibraltar abrogated an accord that allowed Spanish fishing boats to operate in its waters. 2013 – Disagreements between Spain and the United Kingdom Government re-surfaced in July 2013, initially after the Gibraltar Government placed a number of concrete blocks in the sea off the coast of Gibraltar, intending to form an artificial reef. The Spanish Government protested however stating that it had a negative impact on fishing in the area, restricting access for Spanish fishing vessels. At the end of July the Spanish Government introduced extra",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13407207",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of Spain\"\nagreements and a very good relationship. In the recent years Spain has also been boosting its contacts, relations and investment in other Asian countries, most notably Vietnam and Malaysia. Relations with the Philippines are, despite a very long colonial past, considerably weaker than the ones Spain has with other countries in the area, dealing mostly with cultural aspects and humanitarian assistance programs. Whilst the disputed on Gibraltar with the United Kingdom is perhaps the best known territorial dispute of Spain, the country also has disputes with Portugal and Morocco. Ever since it was captured in 1704 by Anglo-Dutch forces during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13357073",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Spain\"\nwith France and Andorra along the Pyrenees in the northeast, with Portugal on the west, and with the small British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar near the southernmost tip. The affiliation of Gibraltar has continued to be a contentious issue between Spain and Britain. The sovereignty of the plazas de soberanía on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco is disputed by Morocco. Spain also has a small exclave inside France called Llívia. The majority of Spain's peninsular region consists of the Meseta Central, a highland plateau rimmed and dissected by mountain ranges. Other landforms include narrow coastal plains and some lowland river",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "591134",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\npowers over many issues. Gibraltar claimed it remained the last colony in Europe only because the Government of Spain insisted the inalienable principle of self-determination should not apply to Gibraltarians, with Spain blocking the annual request for Gibraltar to be removed from the UN list of Non-Self-Governing Territories. The Gibraltarian government asserts that Gibraltar has been effectively decolonised. Spain says that the UK was refusing to negotiate on sovereignty, that the land occupied by the UK was greater than that ceded by the Treaty of Utrecht and that it was the restoration of Spanish territorial integrity that was the key,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15930590",
"chunk_text": "Spain\nby Portugal; on the south, it is bordered by Gibraltar (a British overseas territory) and Morocco, through its exclaves in North Africa (Ceuta and Melilla, and the peninsula of Vélez de la Gomera). On the northeast, along the Pyrenees mountain range, it is bordered by France and the Principality of Andorra. Along the Pyrenees in Girona, a small exclave town called Llívia is surrounded by France. Extending to , the Portugal–Spain border is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union. Spain also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375553",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nquota, the UK sought to create a framework that discriminated between British- and Spanish-owned boats, regardless of flag flown, so that its waters wouldn't be over-fished by foreign-owned trawlers. Due to fishing's importance to some of the regional economies of Spain, the Spanish government protested vehemently, but had no power to prevent the UK determining its own domestic policies. However, when the Single European Act was implemented, in 1987, this became illegal under EU law, and a Spanish company successfully challenged the right of the British government to prevent Spanish fishermen taking up the British quota in what has now",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5748700",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nWar of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720), in which Great Britain and France were allies against Spain when Spain attempted to reclaim territories in Italy. In 1719, the Spanish attempted to carry the conflict to the British Isles. An expedition of 29 ships carrying 6,000 soldiers sailed for Scotland, but most of it was scattered in storms and only 327 Spanish regulars managed to land in Scotland, where they were joined by 1,000 Scottish Jacobites. The British routed the invaders at Glen Shiel on June 10. Where continental Europe had been the focus of the conflict between Great Britain and France",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "591124",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nUK will only discuss sovereignty if Gibraltar is included in the discussions. The United Nations understanding of the positions of each party is set out in their 2016 report. The UN considers Gibraltar a Non-Self-Governing Territory. Gibraltar was captured in 1704 by a force led by Admiral Sir George Rooke representing the Grand Alliance on behalf of the Archduke Charles, pretender to the Spanish Throne. After the battle, almost all the original inhabitants decided to leave to the surrounding areas of Campo de Gibraltar. Spanish attempts to regain the territory in the Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar failed, and it was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4123741",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\nSpain and the membership of the devolved Scottish institutions, since Scotland is more dependent upon fishing than the rest of the UK. Scotland held a referendum on independence from the UK on 18 September 2014. In November 2013 the Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy had stated that an independent Scotland would have to reapply for membership of the European Union, causing considerable irritation to the Scottish Government. Relations between the Spanish and Scottish governments deteriorated further when the Scottish Government alleged that a senior UK Treasury official visited Spain ostensibly to co-ordinate British and Spanish opposition to the independence movements",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13342109",
"chunk_text": "Spain\nto the isthmus, as there has been \"\"continuous possession [of the isthmus] over a long period\"\". Another claim by Spain is about the Savage Islands, a claim not recognised by Portugal . Spain claims that they are rocks rather than islands, therefore claiming that there is no Portuguese territorial waters around the disputed islands. On 5 July 2013, Spain sent a letter to the UN expressing these views. Spain claims the sovereignty over the Perejil Island, a small, uninhabited rocky islet located in the South shore of the Strait of Gibraltar. The island lies just off the coast of Morocco,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9065945",
"chunk_text": "\"Portugal–Spain border\"\nPortugal–Spain border The Portugal–Spain border is the international boundary between Portugal and Spain. Referred to as \"\"la Raya\"\" in Spanish and \"\"A Raia\"\" in Portuguese (the stripe), the current demarcation is almost identical to that defined in 1297 by the Treaty of Alcañices. It is one of the oldest borders in the world. The Portugal–Spain border is 1,214 km (754 miles) long and considered the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union. The border is not defined for 18 km (11 miles) between the Caia river and Ribeira de Cuncos, because of the disputed status of Olivenza, which has been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10201126",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain\"\nwere such \"\"fortifications and forts\"\" along the line of the current frontier (Devil's Tower, El Molino), then this area was included in the cession. Furthermore, they argue, international practice at the time was that all territorial cessions included an extended surrounding area equivalent to the length of two cannon shots. When the treaty of Seville was concluded between Great Britain, France and Spain in 1729, long arguments ensued between Spain and Britain as to how far north the 'undoubted right' of Britain extended from the north face of the Rock of Gibraltar. It was finally accepted that a distance of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14375534",
"chunk_text": "\"Spain–United Kingdom relations\"\ntorn by internal revolution. The dispute was settled by negotiations in 1792–94, which became friendly when Spain switched sides in 1792 and became an ally of Britain against France. Spain surrendered to Britain many of its trade and territorial claims in the Pacific, ending a two-hundred-year monopoly on Asian-Pacific trade. The outcome was a victory for mercantile interests of Britain and opened the way to British expansion in the Pacific. The aftermath of the 1789 French Revolution unusually saw Britain and Spain as allies for the first time in well over a century. After King Louis XVI of France was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12444412",
"chunk_text": "Gibraltar\nthe Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. During World War II it was an important base for the Royal Navy as it controlled the entrance and exit to the Mediterranean Sea, which is only wide at this naval choke point. It remains strategically important, with half the world's seaborne trade passing through the strait. Today Gibraltar's economy is based largely on tourism, online gambling, financial services and cargo ship refuelling. The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations because Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum and,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5214585",
"chunk_text": "\"Disputed status of Gibraltar\"\nthree-mile limit in the territorial waters around Gibraltar whereas Spain claims maritime rights to all areas except inside the ports on Gibraltar. UK claimed incursions of Spanish vessels into Gibraltar territorial waters being considered by Spain to be routine activity of Spanish ships in their own waters. In 2004 a system of trilateral discussion began with Spain, the UK and Gibraltar participating. The discussions ended in 2010 with the UK and Gibraltar asking for their continuance from 2012 to 2014. Spain stating they believed the forum no longer existed and that only \"\"ad hoc\"\" discussions on local issues should take",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3560920",
"chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom\"\nseveral overseas territories and three have specifically voted to remain under British sovereignty (Bermuda in 1995, Gibraltar in 2002 and the Falkland Islands in 2013). The Crown dependencies are possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the UK. They comprise three independently administered jurisdictions: the Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea. By mutual agreement, the British Government manages the islands' foreign affairs and defence and the UK Parliament has the authority to legislate on their behalf. However, internationally, they are regarded as \"\"territories for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13342110",
"chunk_text": "Spain\nfrom Ceuta and from mainland Spain. Its sovereignty is disputed between Spain and Morocco. It was the subject of an armed incident between the two countries in 2002. The incident ended when both countries agreed to return to the status quo ante which existed prior to the Moroccan occupation of the island. The islet is now deserted and without any sign of sovereignty. Besides the Perejil Island, the Spanish-held territories claimed by other countries are two: Morocco claims the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the \"\"plazas de soberanía\"\" islets off the northern coast of Africa; and Portugal and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_623
|
who has the most green jackets from the masters?
|
n/a
|
[
"Nicklaus",
"Jack Nicklaus (6)"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065299",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\n18th green in front of the patrons. Winners keep their jacket for the first year after their first victory, then return it to the club to wear whenever they visit. The tradition began in 1949, when Sam Snead won his first of three Masters titles. The green jacket is only allowed to be removed from Augusta National by the reigning champion, after which it must remain at the club. Exceptions to this rule include Gary Player, who in his joy of winning mistakenly took his jacket home to South Africa after his 1961 victory (although he has always followed the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065300",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nspirit of the rule and has never worn the jacket); Seve Ballesteros who, in an interview with Peter Alliss from his home in Pedreña, showed one of his two green jackets in his trophy room; and Henry Picard, whose jacket was removed from the club before the tradition was well established, remained in his closet for a number of years, and is now on display at Canterbury Golf Club in Beachwood, Ohio, where he was the club professional for many years. By tradition, the winner of the previous year's Masters Tournament puts the jacket on the current winner at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331085",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\n$612,000, and the purse grew by $3,400,000. In addition to a cash prize, the winner of the tournament is presented with a distinctive green jacket, formally awarded since 1949, and informally acquired by the champions for many years before that. The green sport coat is the official attire worn by members of Augusta National while on the club grounds; each Masters winner becomes an honorary member of the club. The recipient of the green jacket has it presented to him inside the Butler Cabin soon after the end of the tournament, and the presentation is then repeated outside near the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8465779",
"chunk_text": "\"Augusta National Golf Club\"\nwhere it is on display in his personal museum. The second jacket belongs to 1938 champion Henry Picard. Before the traditions surrounding one of golf's greatest awards were well established, the jacket was removed by Picard from Augusta National. It is now currently on display in the \"\"Picard Lounge\"\" at Canterbury Golf Club in Beachwood, Ohio. Along with Snead, the nine previous winners were also awarded green jackets in 1949, and these became known as the \"\"original ten\"\" jackets. Horton Smith's jacket, awarded for his wins in 1934 and 1936, sold at auction in September 2013 for over $682,000; the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18114947",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Masters Tournament\"\n1965 Masters Tournament The 1965 Masters Tournament was the 29th Masters Tournament, held April 8–11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Jack Nicklaus, age 25, won the second of his six Masters titles with a score of 271 (−17), at the time a tournament record, three strokes better than Ben Hogan's 274 in 1953. It was equaled in 1976 by Raymond Floyd and surpassed in 1997 by Tiger Woods' 270 (−18). Nicklaus' winning margin of nine strokes also stood until 1997, when Woods was victorious by twelve strokes to win his first green jacket. It was the fourth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065301",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nend of the tournament. In 1966, Jack Nicklaus became the first player to win in consecutive years and he donned the jacket himself. When Nick Faldo (in 1990) and Tiger Woods (in 2002) repeated as champions, the chairman of Augusta National put the jacket on them. There are several awards presented to players who perform exceptional feats during the tournament. The player who has the daily lowest score receives a crystal vase, while players who score a hole-in-one or a double eagle win a large crystal bowl. For each eagle a player makes he receives a pair of crystal goblets.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8465777",
"chunk_text": "\"Augusta National Golf Club\"\nwinner of the previous tournament. If the previous champion is either unavailable or has won consecutive tournaments, then the current chairman acts as the presenter. Until 1967, the jackets were manufactured by Brooks Brothers and since have been made by Hamilton of Cincinnati, Ohio, with the imported wool produced at the Victor Forstmann plant in Dublin, Georgia. The current Masters champion is the only owner of a green jacket permitted to remove it from the grounds of Augusta National, and only for a period of one year. Before this time limit was in place, the jacket of a few long-past",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7063177",
"chunk_text": "\"1948 Masters Tournament\"\nJones, then age 46. It was also the last Masters that did not immediately present the iconic green jacket to the winner. The nine winners of the first twelve tournaments received their green jackets in 1949. The five-stroke victory margin was matched by Ben Hogan in 1953; the record was raised to seven in 1955 by Cary Middlecoff, nine in 1965 by Jack Nicklaus, and twelve by Tiger Woods in 1997. \"\"Thursday, April 8, 1948\"\" \"\"Friday, April 9, 1948\"\" \"\"Saturday, April 10, 1948\"\" \"\"Sunday, April 11, 1948\"\" \"\"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\"\" 1948 Masters Tournament The 1948 Masters Tournament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9698703",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Burke Jr.\"\nof Fame in 2000. Burke shares his permanent locker at Augusta National Golf Club, home of The Masters in Augusta, Georgia with Tiger Woods. As tradition dictates, both keep their prized green jackets, awarded to the annual winner of the tournament, in a wooden, finished locker with gold name plates on the front, with each year listed for the year they won. In recent years, Burke has coached several current PGA Tour stars, including Phil Mickelson, in putting. Burke is married to Robin, a noted amateur golfer. She was runner-up in the 1997 U.S. Women's Amateur and played in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331070",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nhonorary tee shot on the morning of the first round to commence play. These have included Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, and Gary Player. Since 1960, a semi-social contest at the par-3 course has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round. Nicklaus has the most Masters wins, with six between 1963 and 1986. Palmer and Tiger Woods won four each, and five have won three titles at Augusta: Jimmy Demaret, Sam Snead, Gary Player, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson. Player, from South Africa, was the first non-American player",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18114950",
"chunk_text": "\"1965 Masters Tournament\"\nscores, relative to par\"\"</small> 1965 Masters Tournament The 1965 Masters Tournament was the 29th Masters Tournament, held April 8–11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Jack Nicklaus, age 25, won the second of his six Masters titles with a score of 271 (−17), at the time a tournament record, three strokes better than Ben Hogan's 274 in 1953. It was equaled in 1976 by Raymond Floyd and surpassed in 1997 by Tiger Woods' 270 (−18). Nicklaus' winning margin of nine strokes also stood until 1997, when Woods was victorious by twelve strokes to win his first green jacket.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19393676",
"chunk_text": "\"2005 Masters Tournament\"\n2005 Masters Tournament The 2005 Masters Tournament was the 69th Masters Tournament, played from April 7–10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tiger Woods, 29, won his fourth green jacket on the first hole of a playoff with Chris DiMarco. Rain was a factor the whole week, and delayed much of the play. The purse was $7.0 million with a winner's share of $1.26 million. It was the ninth of Woods' fourteen major championships. This Masters was the last as competitors for three former champions: Tommy Aaron (1973), Billy Casper (1970), and six-time winner Jack Nicklaus. Ryan Moore",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20545258",
"chunk_text": "\"1977 Masters Tournament\"\n1977 Masters Tournament The 1977 Masters Tournament was the 41st Masters Tournament, held April 7–10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tom Watson, age 27, won the first of his two green jackets, two strokes ahead of runner-up Jack Nicklaus. The two were tied after 68 holes, then Watson birdied the par-4 17th. Needing a birdie to tie, Nicklaus bogeyed the final hole, one of 19 times in his career that he was the runner-up in a major championship. It was the second of Watson's eight major championships, and he won a second Masters in 1981. The pair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065287",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nthe Masters from 1960 through 1978, winning the event 11 times among them during that span. After winning by one stroke in 1958, Palmer won by one stroke again in 1960 in memorable circumstances. Trailing Ken Venturi by one shot in the 1960 event, Palmer made birdies on the last two holes to prevail. Palmer would go on to win another two Masters in 1962 and 1964. Jack Nicklaus emerged in the early 1960s, and served as a rival to the popular Palmer. Nicklaus won his first green jacket in 1963, defeating Tony Lema by one stroke. Two years later,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20958529",
"chunk_text": "\"1977 Masters Tournament\"\n1977\"\" \"\"Sunday, April 10, 1977\"\" \"\"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\"\" 1977 Masters Tournament The 1977 Masters Tournament was the 41st Masters Tournament, held April 7–10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tom Watson, age 27, won the first of his two green jackets, two strokes ahead of runner-up Jack Nicklaus. The two were tied after 68 holes, then Watson birdied the par-4 17th. Needing a birdie to tie, Nicklaus bogeyed the final hole, one of 19 times in his career that he was the runner-up in a major championship. It was the second of Watson's eight major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065326",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nMasters.) The first winner of the Masters Tournament was Horton Smith in 1934, and he repeated in 1936. The player with the most Masters victories is Jack Nicklaus, who won six times between 1963 and 1986. Arnold Palmer and Tiger Woods have each won four, and Jimmy Demaret, Gary Player, Sam Snead, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson have three titles to their name. Player was the tournament's first overseas winner with his first victory in 1961. Two-time champions include Byron Nelson, Ben Hogan, Tom Watson, Seve Ballesteros, Bernhard Langer, Ben Crenshaw, José María Olazábal, and Bubba Watson. In 1952 the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331068",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nformer plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on the PGA Tour, the European Tour, and the Japan Golf Tour. The field of players is smaller than those of the other major championships because it is an invitational event, held by the Augusta National Golf Club. The tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been awarded to the champion, who must return it to the clubhouse one year after his victory, although it remains his personal property and is stored",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331117",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nJack Burke, Jr. in 1956, and Zach Johnson in 2007. Anthony Kim holds the record for most birdies in a round with 11 in 2009 during his second round. There have been only four double eagles carded in the history of the Masters; the latest was by a contender in the fourth round in 2012. In the penultimate pairing with eventual champion Bubba Watson, Louis Oosthuizen's downhill 4 iron from the fairway made the left side of the green at the par-5 second hole, called \"\"Pink Dogwood\"\", rolled downhill, and in. The other two rare occurrences of this feat after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5195127",
"chunk_text": "\"1949 Masters Tournament\"\n1949 Masters Tournament The 1949 Masters Tournament was the 13th Masters Tournament, held April 7–10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. This was the first year that the famous Green Jacket was awarded to the tournament winner, and previous champions were awarded theirs retroactively. Sam Snead shot consecutive rounds of 67 on the weekend to win by three strokes over runners-up Johnny Bulla and Lloyd Mangrum. This was the first of his three Masters victories and the third of his seven major championships. Snead also won the next major, the PGA Championship in May, and became the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065329",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nmajor championship. Gary Player holds the record for most appearances, with 52. Player also holds the record for the number of consecutive cuts made, with 23 between 1959 and 1982 (Player did not compete in 1973 as he was recovering from recent surgery). He shares this record with Fred Couples, who made his consecutive cuts between 1983 and 2007, not competing in 1987 and 1994. Nick Price and Greg Norman share the course record of 63, with their rounds coming in 1986 and 1996 respectively. The highest winning score of 289 (+1) has occurred three times: Sam Snead in 1954,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065321",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nNational's championship setup was lengthened in recent years. In 2001, the course measured and was extended to for 2002, and again in 2006 to ; longer than the 2001 course. The changes attracted many critics, including the most successful players in Masters history, Jack Nicklaus, Arnold Palmer, Gary Player and Tiger Woods. Woods claimed that the \"\"shorter hitters are going to struggle.\"\" Augusta National chairman Hootie Johnson was unperturbed, stating, \"\"We are comfortable with what we are doing with the golf course.\"\" After a practice round, Gary Player defended the changes, saying, \"\"There have been a lot of criticisms, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065327",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nMasters began presenting an award, known as the Silver Cup, to the lowest-scoring amateur to make the cut. In 1954 they began presenting an amateur silver medal to the low amateur runner-up. There have been six players to win low amateur and then go on to win the Masters as a professional. These players are Cary Middlecoff, Jack Nicklaus, Ben Crenshaw, Phil Mickelson, Tiger Woods and Sergio García. Jack Nicklaus has won the most Masters (six) and was old when he won in 1986, making him the oldest winner of the Masters. Nicklaus is the record holder for the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8465776",
"chunk_text": "\"Augusta National Golf Club\"\nthe Augusta National Women's Amateur Championship in 2019, a 54-hole event for the world's top amateur players. Every member of Augusta National receives a green sport coat with the club's logo on the left breast. The idea of the green jacket originated with club co-founder Clifford Roberts. Many believe it is because he wanted patrons visiting during the tournament to be able to readily identify members. Since Sam Snead's victory in 1949, the winner of each year's Masters Tournament has received a green jacket, although he does not receive membership. The jacket is presented to the new winner by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331115",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\ntop tens, with 22, and the most cuts made, with 37. The youngest winner of the Masters is Tiger Woods, who was old when he won in 1997. In that year Woods also broke the records for the widest winning margin (12 strokes), and the lowest winning score, with 270 (−18). Jordan Spieth tied his score record in 2015. In 2013, Guan Tianlang became the youngest player ever to compete in the Masters, at age on the opening day of the tournament; the following day, he became the youngest ever to make the cut at the Masters or any men's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18837306",
"chunk_text": "\"1963 Masters Tournament\"\n1963 Masters Tournament The 1963 Masters Tournament was the 27th Masters Tournament, held April 4–7 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. 84 players entered the tournament and 50 made the cut at eight-over-par (152). Jack Nicklaus, 23, won the first of his record six Green Jackets with a three-foot (0.9 m) par putt on the final hole to finish one stroke ahead of runner-up Tony Lema. Nicklaus shot a 66 (−6) in the second round, which was key in his victory. It was the second of his record 18 major titles; his third came three months later at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3867069",
"chunk_text": "\"2007 Masters Tournament\"\nO'Meara, 1998 champion, won the annual Par 3 contest, held on Wednesday, April 4. 2007 Masters Tournament The 2007 Masters Tournament was the 71st Masters Tournament, held April 5–8 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Zach Johnson won his first major championship, two strokes ahead of runners-up Retief Goosen, Rory Sabbatini, and Tiger Woods. Cool temperatures and gusty winds on the weekend resulted in high scores for the field; Johnson's 289 (+1) tied for the highest winning score ever. Johnson's victory dispelled the notion that only long-hitters could win the Masters. He did not reach a single par",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2984185",
"chunk_text": "\"1981 Masters Tournament\"\nwere formerly Bermuda and ryegrass. \"\"Thursday, April 9, 1981\"\" \"\"Friday, April 10, 1981\"\" \"\"Saturday, April 11, 1981\"\" \"\"Sunday, April 12, 1981\"\" \"\"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\"\"<br> 1981 Masters Tournament The 1981 Masters Tournament was the 45th Masters Tournament, held April 9–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tom Watson won his second green jacket and fifth major title by two strokes over Jack Nicklaus and Johnny Miller. Five-time champion Nicklaus shot a bogey-free 65 on Friday and led by four strokes after 36 holes, but a 75 on Saturday put him a stroke behind Watson entering the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15331069",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nwith other champions' jackets in a specially designated cloakroom. In most instances, only a first-time and currently reigning champion may remove his jacket from the club grounds. A golfer who wins the event multiple times uses the same green jacket awarded upon his initial win (unless he needs to be re-fitted with a new jacket). The Champions Dinner, inaugurated by Ben Hogan in 1952, is held on the Tuesday before each tournament, and is open only to past champions and certain board members of the Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, legendary golfers, usually past champions, have hit an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20713503",
"chunk_text": "\"1981 Masters Tournament\"\n1981 Masters Tournament The 1981 Masters Tournament was the 45th Masters Tournament, held April 9–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tom Watson won his second green jacket and fifth major title by two strokes over Jack Nicklaus and Johnny Miller. Five-time champion Nicklaus shot a bogey-free 65 on Friday and led by four strokes after 36 holes, but a 75 on Saturday put him a stroke behind Watson entering the final round. It was the fourth runner-up finish for Nicklaus at the Masters and the third for Miller. Nicklaus won his sixth Masters five years later in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065306",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nthe Wednesday before the tournament starts. The par 3 course was built in 1958. It is a nine-hole course, with a par of 27, and measures in length. There have been 94 holes-in-one in the history of the contest, with a record nine occurring in 2016. Camilo Villegas became the first player to card two holes-in-one in the same round during the 2015 Par 3 Contest. No par 3 contest winner has also won the Masters in the same year. There have been several repeat winners, including Pádraig Harrington, Sandy Lyle, Sam Snead, and Tom Watson. The former two won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19646683",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Nicklaus\"\nbecame the eighth honorary starter since the tradition began in 1963 when Nicklaus won his first green jacket. The Big Three were once again reunited in Augusta for the 2012 Masters Tournament as Gary Player joined Palmer and Nicklaus to kickoff the 76th renewal of the major tournament. Nicklaus, through his global reach in design and development, as well as the worldwide marketing and licensing of his golf and lifestyle brand, is atop \"\"Golf Inc.\"\" magazine's coveted list of the \"\"Most Powerful People in Golf\"\" for a record-extending sixth consecutive year. He is the only golf industry figure who has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8888981",
"chunk_text": "\"2007 Masters Tournament\"\n2007 Masters Tournament The 2007 Masters Tournament was the 71st Masters Tournament, held April 5–8 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Zach Johnson won his first major championship, two strokes ahead of runners-up Retief Goosen, Rory Sabbatini, and Tiger Woods. Cool temperatures and gusty winds on the weekend resulted in high scores for the field; Johnson's 289 (+1) tied for the highest winning score ever. Johnson's victory dispelled the notion that only long-hitters could win the Masters. He did not reach a single par five hole in two during the entire tournament, yet played the par fives better",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11030708",
"chunk_text": "\"2002 Masters Tournament\"\nmove to -6 and sole ownership of seventh place. Two Europeans (Pádraig Harrington, Thomas Bjørn) sat six shots behind the lead in a tie for eighth at -5. Because the second round had to be completed Saturday morning, third round play began with golfers teeing off from the 1st and 10th holes to ensure the round would be completed by night fall. \"\"Sunday, April 14, 2002\"\" For the first time since Nick Faldo in 1990, a defending Masters champion successfully defended his title. Tiger Woods captured his third green jacket and seventh overall major championship with a one-under 71 to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11030700",
"chunk_text": "\"2002 Masters Tournament\"\n2002 Masters Tournament The 2002 Masters Tournament was the 66th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club. Tiger Woods won his third Masters, and second consecutive, with a score of 276 (−12), three strokes ahead of runner-up Retief Goosen. The course was lengthened by over the previous year. It was only the third successful defense of a Masters title, previously accomplished in 1966 by Jack Nicklaus and 1990 by Nick Faldo. Tommy Aaron, Seve Ballesteros, Charles Coody, Fred Couples, Ben Crenshaw, Nick Faldo, Raymond Floyd, Bernhard Langer (10,13,14,16,17), Sandy Lyle, Larry Mize, José María Olazábal (10,16,17), Mark",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1094054",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament Par-3 contest\"\nthem to play shots on their behalf. Numerous holes in one have been made during the history of the tournament, including nine in the 2016 tournament. Snead became the tournament's first multiple winner when he triumphed in the 1974 event. The most recent winner, in 2018, is Tom Watson, who won his second Par-3 contest 36 years after winning his first in 1982. Jimmy Walker holds the course record, which he set in 2016, with a round of 8 under par, including a hole in one. Seven players, Snead, Isao Aoki, Jay Haas, Sandy Lyle, David Toms, Pádraig Harrington and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4065288",
"chunk_text": "\"Masters Tournament\"\nhe shot a then-course record of 271 (17 under par) for his second Masters win, leading Bobby Jones to say that Nicklaus played \"\"a game with which I am not familiar.\"\" The next year, Nicklaus won his third green jacket in a grueling 18-hole playoff against Tommy Jacobs and Gay Brewer. This made Nicklaus the first player to win consecutive Masters. He won again in 1972 by three strokes. In 1975, Nicklaus won by one stroke in a close contest with Tom Weiskopf and Johnny Miller in one of the most exciting Masters to date. Gary Player became the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18114979",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 Masters Tournament\"\n1966 Masters Tournament The 1966 Masters Tournament was the 30th Masters Tournament, held April 7–11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Jack Nicklaus, age 26, earned his third Green Jacket in an 18-hole Monday playoff and became the first back-to-back champion at the Masters. He ended regulation at even-par 288, tied with Tommy Jacobs and Gay Brewer. Nicklaus shot a 70 in the extra round on Monday to defeat Jacobs (72) and Brewer (78). Nicklaus' score the previous year in 1965 was significantly lower at 271 (−17), a record which stood for 32 years. On Sunday, Brewer shot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13465897",
"chunk_text": "Blazer\nthe Masters golf tournament, held in Augusta, Georgia. The former event awards a crimson blazer to the winner of several flights of match race sailing of the highest international calibre, while the latter awards a green blazer to the top Masters golfer in the USA. The sartorial term \"\"blazer\"\" originated with the red \"\"blazers\"\" of the Lady Margaret Boat Club (1825), the rowing club of St. John's College, Cambridge. The Lady Margaret club jackets were termed \"\"blazers\"\" because of the bright red cloth, and the term survived the original red coat. A writer to the London \"\"Daily News\"\" (22 August",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13155521",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Masters Tournament\"\n2018 Masters Tournament The 2018 Masters Tournament was the 82nd edition of the Masters Tournament and the first of golf's four major championships in 2018. It was held April 5–8 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Patrick Reed won his first major title with a final round 71 (−1) for 273 (−15), one stroke ahead of runner-up Rickie Fowler. The 2018 Masters Tournament was the 63rd Masters Tournament to be televised by CBS with early round coverage airing on ESPN using CBS production crews. The Masters has the smallest field of the four major championships. Officially, the Masters",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13155530",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Masters Tournament\"\nshots behind, respectively. It was the first time in Masters history three players shot as low as 65 in the same round. The scoring average was 71.26, the lowest third round average since 1986. Marc Leishman began the day in the final pairing and two shots out of the lead but failed to make a birdie in a one-over round of 73. \"\"Sunday, April 8, 2018\"\" Patrick Reed's one-under round of 71 was enough to hold off charges from Rickie Fowler and Jordan Spieth for his first major championship. Reed began the day three shots ahead of Rory McIlroy but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18114983",
"chunk_text": "\"1966 Masters Tournament\"\n11, 1966\"\" \"\"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\"\" 1966 Masters Tournament The 1966 Masters Tournament was the 30th Masters Tournament, held April 7–11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Jack Nicklaus, age 26, earned his third Green Jacket in an 18-hole Monday playoff and became the first back-to-back champion at the Masters. He ended regulation at even-par 288, tied with Tommy Jacobs and Gay Brewer. Nicklaus shot a 70 in the extra round on Monday to defeat Jacobs (72) and Brewer (78). Nicklaus' score the previous year in 1965 was significantly lower at 271 (−17), a record which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20444511",
"chunk_text": "\"Danny Willett\"\nthe clubhouse at −5 when he posted a bogey-free final round of 67 and was crowned champion when Spieth finished at −2 alongside Lee Westwood. Willett became the first British player to win the Masters for 20 years, Nick Faldo having won in 1996. After being presented with the green jacket as champion, Willett said: \"\"It was a very surreal day when you look back at the ebbs and flows.\"\" After his win, Willett accepted PGA Tour membership and rose to the 9th place of the Official World Golf Ranking. Beside the first major win at the Masters, 2016 proved",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5601089",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Masters Tournament\"\nJim Furyk (18), Shane Lowry (18), Scott Piercy (18,19) Steve Stricker Branden Grace (15,16,18,19), Brooks Koepka (18,19), Daniel Summerhays Sergio García (18,19), Adam Hadwin (19), James Hahn, Russell Henley, Charley Hoffman, Mackenzie Hughes, Billy Hurley III, Kim Si-woo (17), Russell Knox (17,18,19), Marc Leishman (19), William McGirt (17,18), Ryan Moore (17,18,19), Rod Pampling, Pat Perez, Jon Rahm (19), Patrick Reed (17,18,19), Brendan Steele, Brian Stuard, Hudson Swafford, Justin Thomas (17,18,19), Jhonattan Vegas (17) Roberto Castro, Kevin Chappell (18,19), Emiliano Grillo (18,19), Kevin Kisner (19), Matt Kuchar (18,19), Kevin Na (18), Sean O'Hair, Gary Woodland (18,19) An Byeong-hun, Rafael Cabrera-Bello (19),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11910124",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Masters Tournament\"\nPorteous, Jordan Spieth, Kevin Stadler and Jimmy Walker. The total of 24 Masters debutants was a record, beating the 23 in 1935. Craig Stadler and Kevin Stadler were the 12th father and son to play in the Masters, but the first to play in the same year. Tiger Woods had played in 19 consecutive Masters (1995–2013). Also absent was Pádraig Harrington who had appeared in the previous 14 Masters, and in every major in the last eight years. The 2014 Masters Tournament had 19 past champions in the field, including four two-time champions and one three-time champion. Nine past champions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8079066",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 Masters Tournament\"\nrecord set by Arnold Palmer in 1960–61. Amateur Bryson DeChambeau got to within a shot of the lead but suffered a triple bogey at the last to finish at even-par. Gusting winds led to difficult scoring conditions, with only four players (Daniel Berger, Dustin Johnson, McIlroy, and Troy Merritt) shooting under par, each shooting 71. The scoring average for the round was 75.02, the highest since 2007 and only seven golfers were under par after two rounds. Tom Watson missed the cut in his 43rd and final Masters. Amateurs: \"\"DeChambeau (E)\"\", \"\"Langasque (+3)\"\", Bard (+9), Schmitz (+12), Cheng (+13), Chaplet",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18837308",
"chunk_text": "\"1963 Masters Tournament\"\nGeorge Bayer won the Par 3 contest with a score of 23. \"\"Thursday, April 4, 1963\"\" \"\"Friday, April 5, 1963\"\" \"\"Saturday, April 6, 1963\"\" \"\"Sunday, April 7, 1963\"\" \"\"Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par\"\"</small> 1963 Masters Tournament The 1963 Masters Tournament was the 27th Masters Tournament, held April 4–7 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. 84 players entered the tournament and 50 made the cut at eight-over-par (152). Jack Nicklaus, 23, won the first of his record six Green Jackets with a three-foot (0.9 m) par putt on the final hole to finish one stroke ahead of runner-up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8079061",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 Masters Tournament\"\nWoosnam Martin Kaymer (5,17,18), Rory McIlroy (3,4,11,15,16,17,18), Justin Rose (11,14,15,16,17,18), Webb Simpson Darren Clarke, Ernie Els Keegan Bradley, Jason Day (13,14,15,16,17,18), Jason Dufner (15) Rickie Fowler (11,15,16,17,18) Derek Bard (a), Bryson DeChambeau (a) Romain Langasque (a) Jin Cheng (a) Paul Chaplet (a) Sammy Schmitz (a) Paul Casey (16,17,18), Bill Haas (16,17,18), Charley Hoffman (16), Dustin Johnson (12,16,17,18), Hunter Mahan, Hideki Matsuyama (15,16,17,18), Ryan Moore (18), Kevin Na (16,17,18), Ian Poulter, Kevin Streelman Branden Grace (14,17,18), Louis Oosthuizen (13,16,17,18), Cameron Smith Marc Leishman (17,18) Steven Bowditch (16), Fabián Gómez, Emiliano Grillo (17,18), Jim Herman, Smylie Kaufman, Chris Kirk, Kevin Kisner (16,17,18),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19421130",
"chunk_text": "\"1959 Masters Tournament\"\nThe purse in 1959 was a record $76,100 with a winner's share of $15,000 to Wall. The estimated gallery for the final round on Sunday was 30,000 spectators. Nineteen-year-old Jack Nicklaus made his Masters debut with 76-74 (150) and missed the cut by one stroke. He played in 45 Masters, the first three as an amateur, and only missed one cut (1967) in the next 34 Masters tournaments. Nicklaus won a record six green jackets and was runner-up four times in his 22 top-10 finishes. \"\"Thursday, April 2, 1959\"\" \"\"Friday, April 3, 1959\"\" \"\"Saturday, April 4, 1959\"\" \"\"Sunday, April 5,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18763310",
"chunk_text": "\"2005 Masters Tournament\"\nsince I put that behind me and went out and put a good number on the back nine, I feel very good.\"\"\"\" - Chris DiMarco on his final round. \"\"\"\"That was a hard-fought week with the rain delays, I didn't get off to the greatest of starts.\"\"\"\" - Tiger Woods on the long week of golf. 2005 Masters Tournament The 2005 Masters Tournament was the 69th Masters Tournament, played from April 7–10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Tiger Woods, 29, won his fourth green jacket on the first hole of a playoff with Chris DiMarco. Rain was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10151868",
"chunk_text": "\"2006 Masters Tournament\"\n2006 Masters Tournament The 2006 Masters Tournament was the 70th Masters Tournament, played April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Prior to the tournament, the course was lengthened by to , up from in 2005. Phil Mickelson won the second of his three Masters and second consecutive major with a 281 (–7), two strokes ahead of runner-up Tim Clark. The purse was $7 million and the winner's share was $1.26 million. This was the final Masters appearance for three-time champion Nick Faldo. 1. Masters champions Charles Coody, Fred Couples (12,14,16,17), Ben Crenshaw, Nick Faldo, Raymond Floyd, Bernhard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_624
|
who was the first black person to register to vote?
|
n/a
|
[
"Thomas Mundy Peterson"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7902173",
"chunk_text": "\"Florenza Moore Grant\"\nFlorenza Moore Grant Florenza Moore Grant (December 5, 1921 – July 30, 2001) Her family battled against the USDA claiming there was a discriminatory practice against them. Florenza Grant was the first African-Americans to register to vote in Halifax County, North Carolina, in the 1950s. Her family also ran a gas station, barbershop, and other businesses. She had joined the NAACP in her younger years and continued to take part in protests up into her early 30's. Grant was born in Rich Square, North Carolina. She grew up on a farm with her 11 siblings. She graduated high school and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8863291",
"chunk_text": "\"John Wesley Dobbs\"\nlife). Believing that enfranchisement was the key to overcoming segregation, Dobbs started a voter registration drive in 1936 with a goal of registering 10,000 black voters in Georgia. That year, Dobbs founded the Atlanta Civic and Political League, and in 1946, along with A.T. Walden, he co-founded the Atlanta Negro Voters League. During the 1930s and 1940s, laws keeping blacks from voting, by raising barriers to voter registration or to voting in primaries, were found by the US Supreme Court to be unconstitutional. Between 1936 and 1946, 20,000 African-American voters were registered to vote in Atlanta for the first time.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10081351",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Mundy Peterson\"\nThomas Mundy Peterson Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey was the first African-American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. His vote was cast on March 31, 1870. He was born in Metuchen, New Jersey. His father, also named Thomas, worked for the Mundy family. He was a slave and his mother, Lucy Green, was a slave of Hugh Newell (1744–1816) of Freehold Township, New Jersey. Thomas was manumitted at age 21 by Newell's will. He was a school principal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10081355",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Mundy Peterson\"\nNew Jersey, March 31 is annually celebrated as \"\"Thomas Mundy Peterson Day\"\" in recognition of his historic vote. Thomas Mundy Peterson Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey was the first African-American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. His vote was cast on March 31, 1870. He was born in Metuchen, New Jersey. His father, also named Thomas, worked for the Mundy family. He was a slave and his mother, Lucy Green, was a slave of Hugh Newell (1744–1816) of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12370964",
"chunk_text": "\"Hartman Turnbow\"\nand gave Black people in the South a voice regarding which politicians would represent them. The unusual way that Turnbow spoke is now known as \"\"Turnbowisms\"\". Voting rights activist Sue (Lorenzi) Sojourner said this about Turnbow's oration: An example of the way Turnbow spoke can be found in this excerpt, when during Freedom Summer he tried to persuade more black Mississippians to vote: Audio Hartman Turnbow Hartman Turnbow (March 20, 1905 – August 15, 1988) was an American farmer and activist during the Civil Rights Movement. He was also one of the first African Americans to register to vote in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18238176",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosanell Eaton\"\nby people like Rosanell Eaton. Rosanell Eaton Rosanell Eaton (April 14, 1921 – December 8, 2018) was an American civil rights worker. She was born on a farm near Louisburg, North Carolina. When she was 21 years old, Eaton became one of the first African Americans to vote in her county after completing a literacy test. She registered more than 4,000 citizens to vote in North Carolina. In August 2015, President Obama, in his response to the New York Times cover story on \"\"Efforts over the last 50 years to dismantle the protections in the Voting Rights Act of 1965\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18238175",
"chunk_text": "\"Rosanell Eaton\"\nRosanell Eaton Rosanell Eaton (April 14, 1921 – December 8, 2018) was an American civil rights worker. She was born on a farm near Louisburg, North Carolina. When she was 21 years old, Eaton became one of the first African Americans to vote in her county after completing a literacy test. She registered more than 4,000 citizens to vote in North Carolina. In August 2015, President Obama, in his response to the New York Times cover story on \"\"Efforts over the last 50 years to dismantle the protections in the Voting Rights Act of 1965\"\", wrote that he was inspired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9219259",
"chunk_text": "\"Clara Elizabeth Chan Lee\"\nClara Elizabeth Chan Lee Clara Elizabeth Chan Lee (October 21, 1886 – October 5, 1993) was the first Chinese American woman to register to vote in the United States. She registered to vote on November 8, 1911 in California following the passage of Proposition 4 in California, nine years before the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Clara Elizabeth (Yee Miew) Chan was born October 21, 1886, the daughter of the Methodist Rev. Chan Hon Fun (Chan Hon Fan) and Ow Muck Gay. The Rev. Chan Hon Fun was the pastor of the Chinese Community Methodist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12370959",
"chunk_text": "\"Hartman Turnbow\"\nHartman Turnbow Hartman Turnbow (March 20, 1905 – August 15, 1988) was an American farmer and activist during the Civil Rights Movement. He was also one of the first African Americans to register to vote in Mississippi in the 1960s, along with a group called the \"\"First 14\"\". Turnbow was born on March 20, 1905 in Mileston, Mississippi. He was the grandson of a slave. He moved to Chicago, Illinois where he met and married his second wife Dee. They returned to Mississippi with their children, settling in Tchula, where he became an independent farmer and owned his land. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008813",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisa Swain\"\nLouisa Swain Louisa Ann Swain (née Gardner; 1801, Norfolk, Virginia – January 25, 1880, Lutherville, Maryland) was the first woman in the United States to vote in a general election. She cast her ballot on September 6, 1870, in Laramie, Wyoming. Born Louisa Ann Gardner, she was the daughter of a sea captain who was lost at sea while she was 7 years old. She and her mother moved to Charleston, South Carolina, where her mother died. Orphaned, Louisa went to Baltimore to live with an uncle, Ephraim Gardner. While in Baltimore, she met and, in 1821, married Stephen Swain,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14207824",
"chunk_text": "\"Blanche Bruce\"\n1879, Bruce presided over the U.S. Senate, becoming the first African American (and the only former slave) to have done so. In 1880, James Z. George was elected to succeed Bruce. At the 1880 Republican National Convention in Chicago, Bruce became the first African American to win any votes for national office at a major party's nominating convention, with eight votes for vice president. The presidential nominee that year was Ohio's James A. Garfield, who narrowly won election over the Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock. In 1881, Bruce was appointed by President Garfield to be the Register of the Treasury, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12767775",
"chunk_text": "\"African Americans in the United States Congress\"\nand promised to appropriate a portion of federal monies toward Southern projects. With the Southern states \"\"redeemed\"\", Democrats gradually regained control of Southern legislatures. They proceeded to restrict the rights of the majority of blacks and many poor whites to vote by imposing new requirements for poll taxes, subjective literacy tests, more strict residency requirements and other elements difficult for laborers to satisfy. By the 1880s, legislators increased restrictions on black voters through voter registration and election rules. In 1888 John Mercer Langston, president of Virginia State University at Petersburg, was elected to the U.S. Congress as the first African",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15014010",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph Rainey\"\nJoseph Rainey Joseph Hayne Rainey (June 21, 1832 – August 1, 1887) was an American politician. He was the first black person to serve in the United States House of Representatives, the second biracial person to serve in the United States Congress (U.S. Senator Hiram Revels was the first), and the first biracial presiding officer of the House of Representatives. Born into slavery in South Carolina, he was freed in the 1840s by his father purchasing the freedom of his entire family and himself. Revels and Rainey were both members of the Republican Party. Joseph Hayne Rainey was born into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1149032",
"chunk_text": "\"Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\"\nLynch later wrote that ratification of those two amendments made Reconstruction a success. The first known black voter after the amendment's adoption was Thomas Mundy Peterson, who cast his ballot on March 31, 1870, in a Perth Amboy, New Jersey referendum election adopting a revised city charter. In \"\"United States v. Reese\"\" (1876), the first U.S. Supreme Court decision interpreting the Fifteenth Amendment, the Court interpreted the amendment narrowly, upholding ostensibly race-neutral limitations on suffrage including poll taxes, literacy tests, and a grandfather clause that exempted citizens from other voting requirements if their grandfathers had been registered voters, a condition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12370960",
"chunk_text": "\"Hartman Turnbow\"\nApril 1963, Turnbow, with a group of 13 other African Americans, including Hollis Watkins, Ozell Mitchell, and Alma Mitchell Carnegie, went to the Holmes County courthouse to register to vote. They became known as the \"\"First 14.\"\" There they were approached by the deputy sheriff who, with his weapon drawn, said to the group, \"\"Alright. Who's first?\"\" At that point, Turnbow stepped forward and told the deputy sheriff \"\"Me, Hartman Turnbow. I came here to die to vote. I'm the first.\"\" Hartman became the first African American to successfully register to vote in Mississippi and the first African American to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15339186",
"chunk_text": "\"Channing E. Phillips\"\nHe was survived by his wife, Jane, two sons: Channing D. Phillips, acting United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, and John E. Phillips, and three daughters: Sheilah P. Peterson, Tracy J. Phillips and Jill C. Phillips. Channing E. Phillips Channing Emery Phillips (March 23, 1928 – November 11, 1987) was an American minister, civil rights leader and social activist, who made history as the first African-American placed in nomination for President of the United States by a major political party. Born in Brooklyn to a Baptist minister, he was a founding member of Coalition of Conscience, a conglomeration",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15339183",
"chunk_text": "\"Channing E. Phillips\"\nChanning E. Phillips Channing Emery Phillips (March 23, 1928 – November 11, 1987) was an American minister, civil rights leader and social activist, who made history as the first African-American placed in nomination for President of the United States by a major political party. Born in Brooklyn to a Baptist minister, he was a founding member of Coalition of Conscience, a conglomeration of local organizations working to alleviate social problems in Washington, D.C. In 1968 he headed Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign in D.C. He led the delegation from the District of Columbia to the 1968 Democratic National Convention. Members",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4213073",
"chunk_text": "\"Hiram Rhodes Revels\"\nscholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Hiram Rhodes Revels as one of 100 Greatest African Americans. Citations Primary source Hiram Rhodes Revels Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827 – January 16, 1901) was a Republican U.S. Senator, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), and a college administrator. Born free in North Carolina, he later lived and worked in Ohio, where he voted before the Civil War. He became the first African American to serve in the U.S. Congress when he was elected to the United States Senate as a Republican to represent Mississippi in 1870 and 1871 during the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19388587",
"chunk_text": "\"John Willis Menard\"\nGraceland closed in 1894, his remains were moved to nearby Woodlawn Cemetery. His daughter, Alice Menard, married Thomas Van Renssalaer Gibbs, the son of Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs. John Willis Menard John Willis Menard (April 3, 1838 – October 8, 1893) was a federal government employee, poet, newspaper publisher and politician born in Illinois to parents who were Louisiana Creoles from New Orleans. After moving to New Orleans, on November 3, 1868, Menard was the first black man ever elected to the United States House of Representatives. His opponent contested his election, and opposition to his election prevented him from being",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9366472",
"chunk_text": "\"Minnie Fisher Cunningham\"\nMinnie Fisher Cunningham Minnie Fisher Cunningham (March 19, 1882 – December 9, 1964) was the first executive secretary of the League of Women Voters, and a suffrage politician who worked for the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution giving women the vote. A political worker with liberal views, she became one of the founding members of the Woman's National Democratic Club. In her position overseeing the club's finances, she helped the organization purchase of its Washington, D.C. headquarters, which is still in use. Cunningham was descended from wealthy plantation slaveholders who had moved to Texas from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19588591",
"chunk_text": "\"Shirley Chisholm\"\nShirley Chisholm Shirley Anita Chisholm (; November 30, 1924 – January 1, 2005) was an American politician, educator, and author. In 1968, she became the first black woman elected to the United States Congress, and she represented New York's 12th congressional district for seven terms from 1969 to 1983. In 1972, she became the first black candidate for a major party's nomination for President of the United States, and the first woman to run for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination. In 2015, Chisholm was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Shirley Anita St. Hill was born on November 30,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8513476",
"chunk_text": "\"Clara Byrd Baker\"\nClara Byrd Baker Clara Byrd Baker (June 22, 1886 – October 20, 1979) was an African-American educator, civic leader, and suffragette who fought for equal rights in the early 20th century. She was the first woman to vote in Williamsburg, Virginia. Clara Olivia Byrd was born on June 22, 1886, in Williamsburg, Virginia. She was the daughter of Charles and Malvina Carey (née Braxton) Byrd. In 1905, she married William Baker, sexton of Bruton Parish Church. Together, they had four children. Baker earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Education from Hampton Institute and Virginia State College for Negroes, predecessor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6381383",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Mundy Peterson\"\nside won 230 to 63. Peterson was afterward appointed to be a member of the committee of seven that made subsequent amendments leading to the final version that was approved by the State Legislature April 5, 1871. Historical records as to his contribution to revisions in the form of minutes, writing, or other records are still wanting. To honor Thomas Mundy Peterson as the first African-American voter after the passage of the 15th Amendment, the citizens of Perth Amboy raised $70 (over $1,000 in 2010 dollars) to award him with a gold medallion. The full medallion consists of a gold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "782419",
"chunk_text": "\"Hayneville, Alabama\"\nwas officially named Hayneville in honor of Robert Y. Hayne, governor of South Carolina and a U.S. senator. Despite the county's black majority, it had no registered black voters in the spring of 1965, after more than 60 years of disenfranchisement under the state constitution. Civil rights activists worked in Hayneville and Lowndes to organize residents in preparation for registration and voting. After passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 in August, activists provided residents with political education and helped them register to vote. They continued to work to integrate stores and public facilities. On August 13, 1965,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4376538",
"chunk_text": "\"Ada Fisher\"\nParty has a long history of black candidates for office, including the first black senator Hiram Revels and the first black congressman, Joseph Rainey, and four of the first six black senators. Fisher continued: \"\"In the rush to find fault while looking for a rightward turn, people forget that it was the Democrats who brought in poll taxes which kept us from voting; were behind the Jim Crow laws which separated us into white and colored; vigorously supported the Ku Klux Klan; and kept us out of their party and from unions and opportunities dictating a say in the course",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12767776",
"chunk_text": "\"African Americans in the United States Congress\"\nAmerican from Virginia (and the last for nearly a century after the state passed a disenfranchising constitution at the turn of the century, excluding blacks from politics for decades.) Starting with the Florida Constitution of 1885, white Democrats passed new constitutions in ten Southern states with provisions that restricted voter registration and forced hundreds of thousands of people from registration rolls. These changes effectively prevented most blacks and many poor whites from voting. Many whites who were also illiterate were exempted from such requirements as literacy tests by such strategies as the grandfather clause, basing eligibility on an ancestor's voting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14944522",
"chunk_text": "\"A. T. Walden\"\nexclude blacks from voting. When that was struck down by a United States Supreme Court decision in \"\"Smith v. Allwright\"\" (1944), black activists worked to register African-American voters. Walden devoted much of his political career pursuing this objective in Atlanta after blacks were effectively enfranchised again in 1946. He became a founder and co-chair with J. W. Dobbs of the Atlanta Negro Voters League and leader of the All-Citizens Registration Committee. Block-by-block efforts helped increase the number of black registered voters from 1,800 in 1910 to 25,000 by 1939, but individual efforts routinely encountered outright discriminatory practices by white registrars.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15703618",
"chunk_text": "\"Voting rights in the United States\"\ncontained requirements for payment of cumulative poll taxes, completion of literacy tests, and increased residency at state, county and precinct levels, effectively disenfranchised tens of thousands of poor whites as well as most blacks. Historian J. Morgan Kousser found, \"\"They disfranchised these whites as willingly as they deprived blacks of the vote.\"\" By 1941, more whites than blacks in total had been disenfranchised. Although African Americans quickly began legal challenges to such provisions in the 19th century, it was years before any were successful before the U.S. Supreme Court. Booker T. Washington, better known for his public stance of trying",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1298363",
"chunk_text": "\"Civil rights movement\"\nand intrepid public champion of justice; Bob Moses, pioneer of voting registration in Mississippi; and James Bevel, a fiery preacher and charismatic organizer, strategist, and facilitator. Other prominent student activists included Charles McDew, Bernard Lafayette, Charles Jones, Lonnie King, Julian Bond, Hosea Williams, and Stokely Carmichael. After the Freedom Rides, local black leaders in Mississippi such as Amzie Moore, Aaron Henry, Medgar Evers, and others asked SNCC to help register black voters and to build community organizations that could win a share of political power in the state. Since Mississippi ratified its new constitution in 1890 with provisions such as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2682378",
"chunk_text": "\"Guinn v. United States\"\nvoted in 1914, who were qualified to vote in 1916 but who failed to register between April 30 and May 11, 1916, with some exceptions for sick and absent persons who were given an additional brief period to register, would be perpetually disenfranchised.\"\" Because of the Supreme Court decision in 1915, similar grandfather clause provisions in the constitutions of Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and Virginia were struck down as unconstitutional. In most of those states, legislators also quickly devised other statutory approaches to limit black voter registration and voting. Twenty-three years later, the Supreme Court struck down the statute",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16496444",
"chunk_text": "\"Black suffrage\"\nwomen in voting, regardless of their race, until the passage of the 19th Amendment which was ratified by the United States Congress on August 18 and then certified by law on August 26, 1920. Black suffrage Black suffrage is Black people's right to vote. Black suffrage has been at issue in countries established under conditions of white supremacy. It may be limited through official or informal (\"\"de facto\"\") discrimination. In many places, black people have obtained suffrage through national independence. It should also be pointed out that \"\"Black suffrage\"\" in the United States in the aftermath of the American Civil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1634596",
"chunk_text": "\"Amelia Boynton Robinson\"\nof any race to run for the ticket of the Democratic Party in the state. She received 10% of the vote. In 1964 and 1965 Boynton worked with Martin Luther King, Diane Nash, James Bevel, and others of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to plan demonstrations for civil and voting rights. While Selma had a population that was 50 percent black, only 300 of the town's African-American residents were registered as voters in 1965, after thousands had been arrested in protests. By March 1966, after passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, 11,000 were registered to vote. To",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7639705",
"chunk_text": "\"Lucy Somerville Howorth\"\non women's studies to the campus. Lucy Somerville Howorth Lucy Somerville Howorth (July 1, 1895 – August 24, 1997) was an American lawyer, feminist and politician. On August 18, 1917, in the State Capitol gallery in Nashville, Tennessee, she witnessed the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution being ratified, giving women the right to vote. This inspired her lifelong fight for the civil rights of minorities and women. She is also known for her New Deal legislative efforts. Somerville was born on July 1, 1895 in Greenville, Mississippi. As the daughter of Nellie Nugent Somerville, nationally known as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9219260",
"chunk_text": "\"Clara Elizabeth Chan Lee\"\nChurch of Oakland in Oakland Chinatown from 1900 to 1909. She was married to Charles Goodall Lee, the first licensed Chinese American dentist in the United States. Clara was a founder of the Chinese Women's Jeloab (self reliance) Association. Clara was born in Portland, Oregon and died October 5, 1993 in Alameda, California and is interred in Oakland. Clara Elizabeth Chan Lee Clara Elizabeth Chan Lee (October 21, 1886 – October 5, 1993) was the first Chinese American woman to register to vote in the United States. She registered to vote on November 8, 1911 in California following the passage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10110322",
"chunk_text": "\"George W. Lee\"\nchurches, he also opened a small grocery store. Lee considered both vocations as serving the African-American community. In a back room of his house, he and his wife, Rosebud, set up a small printing business. These efforts provided enough resources that Lee felt he had a base for entering the battle for civil rights in the early 1950s. As a part of the NAACP, Lee worked tirelessly in trying to register African Americans to vote. Lee was the first black in memory to register to vote in Humphreys County, Mississippi (where blacks were a majority of the population but had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1639235",
"chunk_text": "\"Clara Byrd Baker\"\n800 students. Clara Byrd Baker Clara Byrd Baker (June 22, 1886 – October 20, 1979) was an African-American educator, civic leader, and suffragette who fought for equal rights in the early 20th century. She was the first woman to vote in Williamsburg, Virginia. Clara Olivia Byrd was born on June 22, 1886, in Williamsburg, Virginia. She was the daughter of Charles and Malvina Carey (née Braxton) Byrd. In 1905, she married William Baker, sexton of Bruton Parish Church. Together, they had four children. Baker earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Education from Hampton Institute and Virginia State College for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10940644",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisiana Diary\"\nin Baptist Churches; a mass march and vigil; police tear gassing crowds and making arrests; interviews with Ronnie Moore (Field Secretary for CORE in Louisiana) and Mama Joe Homes; a speech by James L. Farmer, Jr. (National Secretary of CORE), and views of a Plaquemine contingent getting on a bus heading for the August 28th 1963 March on Washington. Narrated by Moore, the film adds a postscript that on October 17, 1963, Reverend Joseph Carter became the first African American who successfully registered to vote in West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana. A 16mm answer film print of \"\"Louisiana Diary\"\" was digitally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13993556",
"chunk_text": "\"Melnea Cass\"\nCass became involved in community projects. She helped to organize people to register to vote after the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920. Cass organized black women to cast their first vote. She was involved in women's suffrage activities for the rest of her life. As a young woman, she attended William Monroe Trotter's lectures and protest meetings and was a faithful reader of the \"\"Boston Guardian\"\". It was in the 1930s that Melnea Cass began a lifetime of volunteer work on the local, state, and national level. She first contributed her services to the Robert Gould Shaw House, a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19660811",
"chunk_text": "\"Giles v. Harris\"\nGiles v. Harris Giles v. Harris, 189 U.S. 475 (1903), was an early 20th-century United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld a state constitution's requirements for voter registration and qualifications. Although the plaintiff accused the state of discriminating in practice against black citizens, the Court found that the requirements applied to all citizens and refused to review the results \"\"in practice,\"\" which it considered overseeing the state's process. As there was no stated intent in law to disfranchise blacks, the Court upheld the state law. The African-American educator Booker T. Washington secretly arranged for funding and representation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6253701",
"chunk_text": "\"Zelma Wyche\"\nSouth. Until he became police chief, Wyche had earned his living as a barber. A returning veteran of World War II, Wyche in 1947 joined seven other African American men in filing a lawsuit against the Madison Parish registrar of voters and then Governor Jimmie Davis to obtain the right of blacks to vote, as guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Wyche and the plaintiffs prevailed in the lawsuit in 1962, and he became one of the first of their race to register to vote and subsequently run for office in Tallulah. In his barbershop, Wyche",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19388582",
"chunk_text": "\"John Willis Menard\"\nJohn Willis Menard John Willis Menard (April 3, 1838 – October 8, 1893) was a federal government employee, poet, newspaper publisher and politician born in Illinois to parents who were Louisiana Creoles from New Orleans. After moving to New Orleans, on November 3, 1868, Menard was the first black man ever elected to the United States House of Representatives. His opponent contested his election, and opposition to his election prevented him from being seated in Congress. John Willlis Menard was born in 1838 in Kaskaskia in Randolph County in southern Illinois, to parents who were free people of color. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12767772",
"chunk_text": "\"African Americans in the United States Congress\"\nthe state legislatures. At the time, state legislatures elected the members of the US Senate. During Reconstruction, only the state legislature of Mississippi elected any black senators. On February 25, 1870, Hiram Rhodes Revels was seated as the first black member of the Senate, while Blanche Bruce, also of Mississippi, seated in 1875, was the second. Revels was the first black member of the Congress overall. Blacks were a majority of the population in many congressional districts across the South. In 1870, Joseph Rainey of South Carolina was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, becoming the first directly elected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10113966",
"chunk_text": "\"Hiram Rhodes Revels\"\nHiram Rhodes Revels Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827 – January 16, 1901) was a Republican U.S. Senator, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), and a college administrator. Born free in North Carolina, he later lived and worked in Ohio, where he voted before the Civil War. He became the first African American to serve in the U.S. Congress when he was elected to the United States Senate as a Republican to represent Mississippi in 1870 and 1871 during the Reconstruction era. During the American Civil War, Revels had helped organize two regiments of the United States Colored",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17001888",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Lewis Cardozo\"\nDC and named Cardozo Senior High School in Francis Cardozo's honor. He was a distant relative of former United States Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo. His granddaughter, Eslanda Cardozo Goode, was the wife of the singer and political activist Paul Robeson. Francis Lewis Cardozo Francis Lewis Cardozo (February 1, 1836 – July 22, 1903) was a clergyman, politician, and educator. He was the first African American to hold a statewide office in the United States. He was born in Charleston, South Carolina and died in Washington, D.C. Francis Cardozo was born in Charleston as the son of Lydia Weston,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6199060",
"chunk_text": "\"Freedom Summer\"\nof the population. In 1962 only 6.7% of eligible black voters were registered. Southern states had effectively disenfranchised most African Americans and many poor whites in the period from 1890 to 1910 by passing state constitutions, amendments and other laws that imposed burdens on voter registration: charging poll taxes, requiring literacy tests administered subjectively by white registrars, making residency requirements more difficult, as well as elaborate record keeping to document required items. They maintained this exclusion of blacks from politics well into the 1960s, which extended to excluding them from juries and imposing Jim Crow segregation laws for public facilities.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12926448",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary Townsend Seymour\"\nMary Townsend Seymour Mary Townsend Seymour (1873–1957) was an American politician, and the first African American woman in the United States to run for state office. Seymour was born in Hartford, Connecticut, and her parents died while she was a teenager. Prior to her mother's death, she was adopted by the family of the American Civil War veteran and social activist Lloyd G. Seymour. In June 1888 she visited the City Hall to review her birth certificates and declared her official name as Mary Emma Townsend Seymour. In 1891, she married Frederick Seymour, a member of the Seymour family. Many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4361729",
"chunk_text": "\"Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era\"\ncities moved quickly to register black voters. For instance, in Georgia, in 1940 only 20,000 blacks had managed to register to vote. After the Supreme Court decision, the All-Citizens Registration Committee (ACRC) of Atlanta started organizing. By 1947 they and others had succeeded in getting 125,000 black Americans registered, 18.8% of those of eligible age. Each legal victory was followed by white-dominated legislatures' renewed efforts to control black voting through different exclusionary schemes. In the 1940s, Alabama passed a law to give white registrars more discretion in testing applicants for comprehension and literacy. In 1958 Georgia passed a new voter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3444248",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Voelker Sr.\"\nhad been largely excluded from the political system since 1898 by whites' discriminatory application of barriers to voter registration. But Hunter acted under a provision of the Civil Rights Act of 1960, signed into law two years earlier by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Ultimately, the judge registered the new black voters. Backing up Hunter, U.S. district judge Benjamin C. Dawkins Jr. of Shreveport issued an injunction against racial discrimination in the registration of voters. The 1960 provision was strengthened and made uniform across most of the United States in the Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4826384",
"chunk_text": "\"Adelbert H. Roberts\"\nAdelbert H. Roberts Adelbert H. Roberts (August 20, 1866–January 26, 1937) was an American politician who in 1924 became the first African American to serve in the Illinois Senate. Roberts was born August 20, 1866 in Decatur, Michigan. He graduated from high school at 17 and became a teacher. He then chose to take Ph.D. coursework at University of Michigan before attending Northwestern University School of Law. In 1895, he married Lula Wiley with whom he would have four children. In 1918, Roberts was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives as a Republican. After the Chicago race riot of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12237979",
"chunk_text": "\"Annie Bell Robinson Devine\"\n(MFDP) was also denied to run individually in the election even though they had the right number of qualified electors. Annie was then elected by freedom votes. She makes sure to state in her interview, “... very strong feeling there had to be some political force other than civil rights organizations in this state to bring about change” (Devine). Annie also had a very strong opinion about the Voting Rights bill passed by president Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965. She said, “there’s nothing in the voting bill that can really protect you. You can get registered, the federal registrar will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_625
|
song have i told you lately i love you?
|
n/a
|
[
"Have I Told You Lately"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9988292",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\nHave I Told You Lately \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" is a song written and recorded by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison for his nineteenth studio album \"\"Avalon Sunset\"\" (1989). It is a romantic ballad that is often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer. \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" has received acclaim, winning a Grammy Award and a BMI Million-Air certificate. It was released as a single on 5 June 1989, and reached number 12 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary chart. It has become a popular cover song with many vocal and instrumental versions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13819823",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\nHave I Told You Lately That I Love You? \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\" is a popular song written by Scotty Wiseman and published in 1945. It was the greatest hit of Wiseman and his wife and one of the first country music songs to attract major attention in the pop music field. It's repeating fourth line is \"\"Well darling, I'm telling you now.\"\" Bing Crosby and The Andrews Sisters recorded the song on November 25, 1949 and it had a good reception from the trade magazine Billboard who said: \"\"Ditty’s a sprightly mountain-musiker that had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16180612",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\nImpressionist and comedian Rory Bremner included the song as one of his eight \"\"Desert Island Discs\"\" on BBC Radio 4 on 20 April 2003. Television and radio presenter Gloria Hunniford also included the song on her list on 24 December 2006. Have I Told You Lately \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" is a song written and recorded by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison for his nineteenth studio album \"\"Avalon Sunset\"\" (1989). It is a romantic ballad that is often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer. \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" has received acclaim, winning a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13819826",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\nsingle (\"\"Be-Bop Baby\"\", released in September), while Cochran's was an album cut (released in November). The impact of the Elvis version was felt across the Atlantic. Eddie Cochran recorded his version in August 1957 and released it on the album \"\"Singin' to My Baby\"\". Musicians on the session were: Have I Told You Lately That I Love You? \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\" is a popular song written by Scotty Wiseman and published in 1945. It was the greatest hit of Wiseman and his wife and one of the first country music songs to attract major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13819824",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\nits innings a couple of years back on straight hillbilly diskings. Bing and the gals are in top form as they harmonize it to a spanking fare-thee-well.\"\" The record entered the Billboard charts on January 21, 1950 and in a four-week stay it peaked at No. 24. Lulu Belle and Scotty released their version in 1956 on a Mercury Records 45 rpm single. The earliest and easily most prominent recording of \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You\"\" in the early rock era was by Elvis Presley. According to the book of the CD-boxset \"\"Elvis - The Complete",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13819825",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\n50's Masters\"\", Presley recorded it on January 19, 1957, at RCA's Radio Recorders in Hollywood for his \"\"Loving You\"\" album. Session musicians for the song included Presley himself on rhythm guitar, his usual lead guitarist Scotty Moore, with Bill Black on bass, D.J. Fontana on drums, piano by Dudley Brooks, organ by Hoyt Hawkins, and background vocals were of course The Jordanaires. When the song was included on the \"\"Loving You\"\" album release in July 1957, it immediately prompted both Ricky Nelson and Eddie Cochran to record cover versions of the song. Nelson's was the \"\"B\"\" side of a hit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4742318",
"chunk_text": "\"Vagabond Heart\"\nAngeles on Valentine's Day. Vagabond Heart Vagabond Heart is the 16th studio album by the singer-songwriter Rod Stewart, released in 1991. The album reached No. 10 in the US, and reached No. 2 in the UK. The album featured five singles, among them a cover for Robbie Robertson's song \"\"Broken Arrow\"\" (No. 20 in the US) and Van Morrison's song \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\", which would become a hit two years later (in a live version) and is Rod Stewart's most recent top five solo hit in the US and the UK. The two biggest hits from the album",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20229887",
"chunk_text": "\"Keith Harkin\"\nwinner, Colbie Caillat. They cover Van Morrison's \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You\"\" as the third track on the album. Harkin's second solo album was released in October 2015. The songs on Harkin's second solo album On Mercy Street were written by Harkin and he completely funded the album, the album reached number one on World music Billboard charts. Collaborations with Gavin Goldberg and Andy Wright guided Harkin to make it his own style. Harkin recorded all the songs on the album live and in only one take. Harkin released a solo Christmas album titled Nollaig in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4742316",
"chunk_text": "\"Vagabond Heart\"\nVagabond Heart Vagabond Heart is the 16th studio album by the singer-songwriter Rod Stewart, released in 1991. The album reached No. 10 in the US, and reached No. 2 in the UK. The album featured five singles, among them a cover for Robbie Robertson's song \"\"Broken Arrow\"\" (No. 20 in the US) and Van Morrison's song \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\", which would become a hit two years later (in a live version) and is Rod Stewart's most recent top five solo hit in the US and the UK. The two biggest hits from the album were \"\"Rhythm of My",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4652819",
"chunk_text": "\"Lately (Divine song)\"\nLately (Divine song) \"\"Lately\"\" is a ballad recorded by American R&B girl group Divine. The song was released as the group's debut single in August 1998 and peaked at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart in the US. The gospel-inspired song was eventually released to international markets, but it failed to make as big of an impact as it did in North America. US promotional CD single \"\"\"\"US CD single\"\"' In 2000 Samantha Mumba released her version of the song on her debut LP \"\"Gotta Tell You\"\". Due to the lack of popularity of the original version,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5185237",
"chunk_text": "\"Lulu Belle and Scotty\"\nlarge radio audience in the 1930s and early 1940s with some 20 million Americans regularly tuning in. The duo married on December 13, 1934, one year after Wiseman became a regular on \"\"Barn Dance\"\" (Cooper had been a solo performer there since 1932). The duo is best known for their self-penned classic \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\", which became one of the first country songs to attract major attention in pop circles and was recorded by many artists in both genres. Cooper was the somewhat dominant half of the duo with a comic persona as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13020932",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\nGreatest Hits\"\" contains a remastered version of this song and it was also featured on the compilation album, \"\"Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits\"\". A live performance version was included on his 1994 album, \"\"A Night in San Francisco\"\". In 1995 Morrison accompanied The Chieftains on a recording of the song for their album \"\"The Long Black Veil\"\"; this version was awarded the 1996 Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. A jazz arrangement is featured on the 2018 album Morrison recorded with organist Joey DeFrancesco entitled \"\"You're Driving Me Crazy\"\". Filmed performances of the song include",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14138953",
"chunk_text": "\"The Long Black Veil (album)\"\nThe Long Black Veil (album) The Long Black Veil is an album by the traditional Irish folk band The Chieftains. Released in 1995, it is one of the most popular and best selling albums by the band. It reached number 17 in the album charts. The band teamed up with well-known musicians such as Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones and Van Morrison. The album went gold in the U.S. and Australia, and Double-Platinum in Ireland. One of the tracks, \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\", sung and written by Van Morrison, won the Grammy Award for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15160373",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Me You Love Me (song)\"\nTell Me You Love Me (song) \"\"Tell Me You Love Me\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Demi Lovato. It was written by Kirby Lauryen, Stint and John Hill, with production handled by the latter two. It was initially released through Hollywood, Island and Safehouse Records on August 24, 2017, as the first promotional single from Lovato's sixth studio album of the same name (2017). It was released as the second and final single from the album on November 14, 2017. The song impacted hot adult contemporary radios on January 22, 2018. Commercially, the song reached the top",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9012210",
"chunk_text": "\"Love You Lately\"\nLove You Lately \"\"Love You Lately\"\" is the fifth single from Daniel Powter's eponymous second studio album, \"\"Daniel Powter\"\". It is also the only additional track to appear on the CD of the 2006 deluxe edition/re-release which also included a DVD with all of the music videos accompanying the preceding four singles ('Bad Day', 'Free Loop (One Night Stand)', 'Jimmy Gets High' and 'Lie To Me'), a selection of live versions of songs on the album filmed in concert at 'Studio A' and a selection of B Sides. The deluxe edition, 'Love You Lately' and Powter's compilation album 'B Sides'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16180611",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\na version recorded in 1989 that was featured on Morrison's video album \"\"\"\" the following year. In 1997 Morrison performed the song in a duet with Sinéad O'Connor on \"\"Late Show with David Letterman\"\"; this version was subsequently released on the \"\"Live on Letterman: Music from the Late Show\"\" CD. \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" was featured in the 1996 film, \"\"One Fine Day\"\", starring George Clooney and Michelle Pfeiffer, at the end of the Amanda Bynes 2003 film, \"\"What a Girl Wants\"\", covered by Matt Acheson, and the 2014 film 5 Flights Up, starring Morgan Freeman and Diane Keaton.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9988293",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\nrecorded by numerous artists and bands. In 1993, Rod Stewart's version charted at number five on both the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 as well as on the UK Singles Chart. Composed as a love ballad and built on the framework of \"\"Someone Like You\"\", it is preceded on \"\"Avalon Sunset\"\" by the song, \"\"I'd Love to Write Another Song\"\" proclaiming \"\"In poetry I'd carve it well/ I'd even make it rhyme.\"\" Then, in the words of Brian Hinton what follows is: Coney Island Medley with the Chieftains Rod Stewart covered the song for his album \"\"Vagabond Heart\"\" (1991). A live",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "645568",
"chunk_text": "\"If I Told You (Darius Rucker song)\"\nIf I Told You (Darius Rucker song) \"\"If I Told You\"\" is the title of a song written by Ross Copperman along with Shane McAnally and Jon Nite, and recorded by American country music artist Darius Rucker. It was released on July 5, 2016 as the lead single from his fifth country studio album, \"\"When Was the Last Time\"\", which was released on October 20, 2017. The song debuted at No. 46 on the Hot Country Songs chart on the chart dated July 16, 2016. It also debuted at No. 43 on the Country Airplay chart. The song reached No.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10597941",
"chunk_text": "\"Have You Seen Me Lately\"\nHave You Seen Me Lately Have You Seen Me Lately is singer-songwriter Carly Simon's seventeenth album, and fifteenth studio album, released in 1990. The album spent 32 weeks on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, peaking at No. 60. The first single \"\"Better Not Tell Her\"\" was hugely successful on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary chart, peaking at No. 4, and becoming Simon's biggest hit of the 1990s. The second single \"\"Holding Me Tonight\"\" was also successful on this chart, peaking at No. 36. Judy Collins contributed backing vocals on the track \"\"Fisherman's Song\"\". Simon made music videos for the singles \"\"Better Not Tell",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6138104",
"chunk_text": "\"The Healing Game (song)\"\nThe Healing Game (song) \"\"The Healing Game\"\" is the title song on Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison's 1997 album. It was released twice as a single in 1997 as an A-side with different B-sides - including \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" and \"\"Gloria\"\". The single reached number 46 in the U.K.. \"\"The Healing Game\"\" was recorded in 1996 at Windmill Lane Studios in Dublin with Walter Samuel as engineer. Morrison explains the song in Q Magazine as: \"\"The song is about when people used to sing on the streets: It came from America, where they had all the doo-wop groups.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5884802",
"chunk_text": "\"Someone like You (Van Morrison song)\"\nSomeone like You (Van Morrison song) \"\"Someone Like You\"\" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and recorded on his album, \"\"Poetic Champions Compose\"\" (1987). It has become a wedding and movie classic and the song would subsequently furnish the framework for another of his most popular classics and love ballads, \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\", that was released in 1989. In 1987 the single charted at number 28 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary in the U.S. \"\"Someone Like You\"\" was recorded in the summer of 1987 at Wool Hall Studios in Beckington,Somerset with Mick Glossop as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9142889",
"chunk_text": "\"Lately (Divine song)\"\n12\"\" promo 2\"\"' Lately (Divine song) \"\"Lately\"\" is a ballad recorded by American R&B girl group Divine. The song was released as the group's debut single in August 1998 and peaked at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart in the US. The gospel-inspired song was eventually released to international markets, but it failed to make as big of an impact as it did in North America. US promotional CD single \"\"\"\"US CD single\"\"' In 2000 Samantha Mumba released her version of the song on her debut LP \"\"Gotta Tell You\"\". Due to the lack of popularity of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12625739",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Me You Love Me (song)\"\nLovato sings accompanied by guest choir while confetti raining down. Recording and management Personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"\"Tell Me You Love Me\"\". Tell Me You Love Me (song) \"\"Tell Me You Love Me\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Demi Lovato. It was written by Kirby Lauryen, Stint and John Hill, with production handled by the latter two. It was initially released through Hollywood, Island and Safehouse Records on August 24, 2017, as the first promotional single from Lovato's sixth studio album of the same name (2017). It was released as the second and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20480526",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chieftains\"\nin the UK Singles Chart. \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" (credited to The Chieftains with Van Morrison) reached No. 71 in 1995. \"\"I Know My Love\"\" (credited to The Chieftains featuring The Corrs) reached No. 37 in 1999. Dr. Gearóid Ó hAllmhuráin said the success of The Chieftains helped place Irish traditional music on a par with other musical genres in the world of popular entertainment. By collaborating with pop and rock musicians, they have taken Irish music to a much wider audience. They have become, in effect, musical ambassadors for Ireland. This de facto role was officially recognised by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12485626",
"chunk_text": "\"Loving You (soundtrack)\"\nPresley's number one hit \"\"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\"\" backed with the film's title track, \"\"Loving You\"\". Producer Hal B. Wallis liked \"\"Teddy Bear\"\" so much that he insisted it be included in the movie. Songs were added to bring up the running time of the album, including the swing-era favorite \"\"Blueberry Hill\"\", which had been a big hit for Fats Domino in 1956. \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?\"\" had been done previously by the Sons of the Pioneers, as well as Bing Crosby with The Andrews Sisters. Cole Porter's \"\"True Love\"\", written for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "600536",
"chunk_text": "\"Avalon Sunset\"\nat Ronnie Scott's club on 24 May 1989. On \"\"Avalon Sunset\"\", Rob Sheffield wrote, Morrison sang about God and love in a scat-influenced style, set against a musical backdrop of mellow folk rock. According to Donald Clarke, the album combined \"\"religiosity and Celtic feeling, a sort of superior New Age music\"\". The album opens with \"\"Whenever God Shines His Light\"\", issued as a successful single that charted at #20 in the U.K. and was a duet with Cliff Richard. The album contains the religious ballad \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\", which became a hit single for Morrison, reaching #12 on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18689444",
"chunk_text": "\"Go West Young Man (Bing Crosby album)\"\nthe Flying “W”\"\" was seen as a surefire Rhythm novelty whilst \"\"A Hundred and Sixty Acres\"\" brought the comments that the singers do full justice to a tune that is not of the same standard as 'At the Flying \"\"W\"\"'. \"\"Have I Told You Lately That I Love You\"\" was remembered as being popular a couple of years previously as a hillbilly record and the reviewer says that the vocalists are in top form. \"\"Lock, Stock and Barrel\"\" was felt to be a bit too sophisticated, but Ask Me No Questions is described as a relaxed harmony version which could",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16180609",
"chunk_text": "\"Have I Told You Lately\"\nversion from his album \"\"Unplugged...and Seated\"\" (1993) was released as a single, becoming a number-five hit in the US and the UK. This version also reached number four on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Top 40 chart, \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" has been performed by many unknown as well as many famous artists. Morrison chose \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" as one of the songs included on 1990s \"\"The Best of Van Morrison\"\", his first greatest-hits album. It was also one of the songs on two of the compilation albums that were issued in 2007: \"\"Still on Top - The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15396431",
"chunk_text": "\"Something to Tell You\"\nSomething to Tell You Something to Tell You is the second studio album by American pop rock band Haim. It was released on July 7, 2017, by Polydor Records. The album's lead single, \"\"Want You Back\"\", was released on May 3, 2017. On May 10, the album cover was revealed, along with the preorder announcement. \"\"Little of Your Love\"\" was then announced as the second single on June 18, 2017, via Twitter. \"\"Nothing's Wrong\"\" was released as the third single on August 21, 2017. \"\"Walking Away\"\" was released as the fourth single on December 8, 2017. Haim toured for two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3585286",
"chunk_text": "\"Have You Seen Me Lately\"\nalbum 3 out of 5 stars. All tracks composed by Carly Simon; except where indicated Album - Billboard (North America) Album - International Singles - Billboard (North America) Have You Seen Me Lately Have You Seen Me Lately is singer-songwriter Carly Simon's seventeenth album, and fifteenth studio album, released in 1990. The album spent 32 weeks on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, peaking at No. 60. The first single \"\"Better Not Tell Her\"\" was hugely successful on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary chart, peaking at No. 4, and becoming Simon's biggest hit of the 1990s. The second single \"\"Holding Me Tonight\"\" was also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9142887",
"chunk_text": "\"Lately (Divine song)\"\nperformed by Divine, throughout the world (except in the US), Mumba's label decided to release the song as a single internationally. The single was released in the Autumn of 2001, followed by a commercial release in December 2001. The single managed to peak at number three in Ireland and number six on the UK Singles Chart. Mumba's version is the most popular version to date internationally. \"\"Lately\"\" was the fifth and final single from \"\"Gotta Tell You\"\" internationally. It is technically the album's sixth single overall. In the music video you see flashes of Mumba singing, and a wall calendar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6599632",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Cregan\"\nJuno Awards, received in Canada. In 1993 Cregan was reunited with Stewart to record \"\"Unplugged...and Seated\"\" which was also filmed by MTV and featured a guest appearance by Ronnie Wood. This recording became Platinum three times in both USA and Canada. In the same year Cregan recorded Van Morrison's song \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" (1993) with Stewart, which became a number 1 hit in UK and had top twenty success elsewhere. Cregan's biggest concert appearance with Stewart was on 31 December 1994 at Copacabanain Rio de Janeiro, where they appeared in front of a total estimated audience of over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9012213",
"chunk_text": "\"Love You Lately\"\nbeing left on, tribute to the song's lyrics: 'Cause there's a thousand lights that'll make you feel brand new, but if you ever lose your way, I'll leave one on for you.\"\" Love You Lately was later remixed as a bonus track for Powter's third studio album \"\"Under the Radar\"\". The remix contains a cleaner sound, extra keyboard/synthesizer effects, and some extra backing vocals. It was also re-released as a promo single in the US. Love You Lately \"\"Love You Lately\"\" is the fifth single from Daniel Powter's eponymous second studio album, \"\"Daniel Powter\"\". It is also the only additional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17378241",
"chunk_text": "\"Gernot Pachernigg\"\nGernot Pachernigg Gernot \"\"Notty\"\" Pachernigg is an Austrian singer. Gernot Pachernigg grew up in Laßnitzhöhe, he always was a big musical talent, especially in the genre of Soul. In the age of 15 Gernot won some local music contests. In summer 2006 he overcame every pre-casting in \"\"Starmania\"\" and reached the final show. For a long time, he had the record, with his version of \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" (original by Van Morrison) with 9,0 studio audience voting . From show to show, the \"\"voting-numbers\"\", got worse and worse, but he got into the last episode, where he became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17378242",
"chunk_text": "\"Gernot Pachernigg\"\n3rd-placed. Gernot Pachernigg Gernot \"\"Notty\"\" Pachernigg is an Austrian singer. Gernot Pachernigg grew up in Laßnitzhöhe, he always was a big musical talent, especially in the genre of Soul. In the age of 15 Gernot won some local music contests. In summer 2006 he overcame every pre-casting in \"\"Starmania\"\" and reached the final show. For a long time, he had the record, with his version of \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" (original by Van Morrison) with 9,0 studio audience voting . From show to show, the \"\"voting-numbers\"\", got worse and worse, but he got into the last episode, where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3876732",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Telling You Now\"\nI'm Telling You Now \"\"I'm Telling You Now\"\" is a song by Freddie Garrity and Mitch Murray, originally performed by Freddie and the Dreamers, that hit number one on the American \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1965. Murray also wrote songs for other British artists during the 1960s, including Gerry and the Pacemakers, Manfred Mann, and Georgie Fame. \"\"I'm Telling You Now\"\" was first released in 1963 on Capitol Records, USA/Canada and on Columbia, UK/India/Netherlands/Sweden, but was not successful. Two years later, Capitol's subsidiary, Tower Records, re-released the song, which became extremely popular and propelled Freddie and the Dreamers to pop-music",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13244568",
"chunk_text": "\"Something to Tell You\"\nalbum. In the following years, the band developed the album, taking breaks and continuing to perform at various shows and festivals, much of which would further inspire the album. The band switched between Valentine Studios, an infrequently used 1970's production facility in Valley Village (a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California), and producer Ariel Rechtshaid's home studio. \"\"Want You Back\"\" was released as the album's first single on May 3, 2017, and was followed a week later by the promotional single, \"\"Right Now\"\". On May 13, the band performed \"\"Want You Back\"\" along with \"\"Little of Your Love\"\" on \"\"Saturday Night",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18058092",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Him (Barbra Streisand and Celine Dion song)\"\nTell Him (Barbra Streisand and Celine Dion song) \"\"Tell Him\"\" is a song by American singer Barbra Streisand and Canadian singer Celine Dion, recorded as a duet for their 1997 albums, \"\"Higher Ground\"\" and \"\"Let's Talk About Love\"\". It was written by Linda Thompson and its producers Walter Afanasieff and David Foster, and released as the lead single from both albums on November 3, 1997. The song received positive reviews from music critics and became a top ten hit in Europe and Australia, and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 40th Annual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19673714",
"chunk_text": "\"Van Morrison\"\nGeorgie Fame (with whom Morrison had already worked occasionally) lent his voice and Hammond organ skills to Morrison's band; and Brian Kennedy's vocals complemented the grizzled voice of Morrison, both in studio and live performances. The 1990s also saw an upsurge in collaborations by Morrison with other artists, a trend continuing into the new millennium. He recorded with Irish folk band the Chieftains on their 1995 album, \"\"The Long Black Veil\"\". Morrison's song, \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\" won a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 1995. He also produced and was featured on several tracks with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19062647",
"chunk_text": "\"I've Been Loving You\"\nI've Been Loving You \"\"I've Been Loving You\"\" is the 1968 debut single by Elton John with lyrics credited to Bernie Taupin (although John later admitted that he wrote the song by himself, giving Taupin credit as an effort to earn Taupin his first publishing royalties). The B-side is \"\"Here's to the Next Time\"\", an Elton John composition. \"\"I've Been Loving You\"\" was not originally included on any album and the single was withdrawn shortly after its release. Neither side appeared on any official album release until the 1992 \"\"Rare Masters\"\" box set (which featured previously unreleased stereo mixes of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5623927",
"chunk_text": "\"If We Fall in Love Tonight\"\nand Sting, from the 1993 film soundtrack \"\"The Three Musketeers\"\". Additionally, two songs were revamped for \"\"If We Fall in Love Tonight\"\": \"\"Have I Told You Lately\"\", originally by Van Morrison and initially released on Stewart's \"\"Vagabond Heart\"\", was remixed here; and \"\"Forever Young\"\", initially on Stewart's \"\"Out of Order\"\", which was completely re-recorded. The remaining tracks were all previously released on various Rod Stewart albums. \"\"If We Fall in Love Tonight\"\" reached #8 in the UK and #19 in the US. On September 9, 1997 the album received platinum certification by the RIAA. Note: The Japanese release replaces track",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19892225",
"chunk_text": "\"I've Been Loving You\"\nboth). The single is extremely rare. An even rarer 4-song EP, released only in Portugal, contained two additional songs: \"\"Thank You For All Of Your Loving\"\" (written by John and then bandmate Caleb Quaye) and \"\"The Angel Tree\"\" (the first true release of a John/Taupin composition). In 1976, the Canadian band Wednesday covered the song under the title \"\"Loving You Baby\"\". It was a substantial hit in their native country, peaking at #6 for two weeks on the Canadian singles charts. It is ranked as the 78th biggest Canadian hit of 1976. I've Been Loving You \"\"I've Been Loving You\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9597044",
"chunk_text": "\"Better Not Tell Her\"\nBetter Not Tell Her \"\"Better Not Tell Her\"\" is a song written and performed by Carly Simon, and produced by Frank Filipetti and Paul Samwell-Smith. The song served as the lead single from Simon's fifteenth studio album, \"\"Have You Seen Me Lately\"\". A salsa-infused track, the song features a Spanish guitar solo by Jay Berliner. The single was a huge Adult Contemporary hit, remaining on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Contemporary chart for 21 weeks, peaking at #4 and becoming Simon's biggest hit of the entire decade. The second single from the album, \"\"Holding Me Tonight\"\", was also successful on this chart,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17062624",
"chunk_text": "\"What Have You Done for Me Lately\"\nWhat Have You Done for Me Lately \"\"What Have You Done for Me Lately\"\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson from her third studio album \"\"Control\"\" (1986). Jackson co-wrote the song with its producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. It was released on January 13, 1986 as the album's lead single, by A&M Records. After two unsuccessful albums and a management change, the singer began developing a new album. \"\"What Have You Done for Me Lately\"\" was originally penned for one of Jam and Lewis's own records, but the lyrics were rewritten to convey Jackson's feelings about her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9289217",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Me You Love Me (album)\"\nTell Me You Love Me (album) Tell Me You Love Me is the sixth studio album by American singer Demi Lovato. It was released on September 29, 2017, by Island, Hollywood, and Safehouse Records. Primarily a pop record, the album also incorporates elements of R&B. Lovato described the album as having a more \"\"soulful\"\" side than her previous work, and named Christina Aguilera, Aretha Franklin, and Kehlani as its major influences. Contributions to the album's production came from several producers, including Mitch Allan, David Massey, Oak Felder, Stint, and John Hill. Lyrically, \"\"Tell Me You Love Me\"\" explores themes of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9289243",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Me You Love Me (album)\"\nNotes Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"\"Tell Me You Love Me\"\". Tell Me You Love Me (album) Tell Me You Love Me is the sixth studio album by American singer Demi Lovato. It was released on September 29, 2017, by Island, Hollywood, and Safehouse Records. Primarily a pop record, the album also incorporates elements of R&B. Lovato described the album as having a more \"\"soulful\"\" side than her previous work, and named Christina Aguilera, Aretha Franklin, and Kehlani as its major influences. Contributions to the album's production came from several producers, including Mitch Allan, David Massey, Oak Felder,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19860464",
"chunk_text": "\"Tell Me It's Over (Avril Lavigne song)\"\nTell Me It's Over (Avril Lavigne song) \"\"Tell Me It's Over\"\" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, released as the second single from her album \"\"Head Above Water\"\" on December 12, 2018 along with album's pre-order. It follows the album's lead single, \"\"Head Above Water\"\". Lavigne posted the cover art and announced the release date on her social media on December 5. She had previously posted pictures from the video accompanied by the line \"\"Cause it don't feel like it's over whenever you're closing the door\"\". The cover art features a black-and-white photograph of Lavigne sitting cross-legged on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12076813",
"chunk_text": "\"When Was the Last Time\"\nWhen Was the Last Time When Was the Last Time is the seventh studio album and fifth in the country genre by American country music singer Darius Rucker. It was released on Capitol Records Nashville on October 20, 2017. \"\"If I Told You\"\" was released as the album's lead single on July 5, 2016. It reached No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country Airplay chart dated June 24, 2017, becoming his first No. 1 since \"\"Wagon Wheel\"\" in 2013. The album's second single, \"\"For the First Time,\"\" was released on July 24, 2017. It reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14013171",
"chunk_text": "\"Gotta Tell You (song)\"\nGotta Tell You (song) \"\"Gotta Tell You\"\" is the debut single by Irish singer Samantha Mumba, released in 2000. The song was written and produced by the Swedish team BAG & Arnthor (Anders Bagge and Arnthor Birgisson). It was an international hit, peaking at number four on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, where it spent 21 weeks on that chart, number one in Ireland and New Zealand, number three in Australia and number two in the UK. The song is Mumba's biggest hit, as well as her signature song. Having a moderate tempo with 110 beats per minute, the song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9012211",
"chunk_text": "\"Love You Lately\"\nall share the same sleeve artwork. 'Love You Lately' is also a bonus track on the Japanese Promo release of Powter's third studio album \"\"Under the Radar\"\". The music video to \"\"Love You Lately\"\" is available on Powter's website and YouTube on the Warner Bros. Records channel. The plot is about a girl (played by Rachael Leigh Cook), from the country-side who moves to the city, seeking a job and possibly a better life. Yet, in doing so, she leaves behind her boyfriend, whom she cannot forget. While in the city, she works as a studio assistant on the set",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_626
|
when did britain set up east indian trading company?
|
n/a
|
[
"31 December 1600"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nEast India Company The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, Company Bahadur, or simply The Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with Mughal India and the East Indies (Maritime Southeast Asia), and later with Qing China. The company ended up seizing control over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonized parts of Southeast Asia, and colonized Hong Kong after a war with Qing China. Originally chartered as the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Company rule in India\"\nRaj. The English East India Company (\"\"the Company\"\") was founded in 1600, as \"\"The Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies\"\". It gained a foothold in India with the establishment of a factory in Masulipatnam on the Eastern coast of India in 1611 and the grant of the rights to establish a factory in Surat in 1612 by the Mughal emperor Jahangir. In 1640, after receiving similar permission from the Vijayanagara ruler farther south, a second factory was established in Madras on the southeastern coast. Bombay island, not far from Surat, a former Portuguese outpost gifted to",
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"chunk_id": "15551878",
"chunk_text": "Corporation\ngrandest society of merchants in the universe\"\", the English East India Company would come to symbolize the dazzlingly rich potential of the corporation, as well as new methods of business that could be both brutal and exploitative. On 31 December 1600, Queen Elizabeth I granted the company a 15-year monopoly on trade to and from the East Indies and Africa. By 1711, shareholders in the East India Company were earning a return on their investment of almost 150 per cent. Subsequent stock offerings demonstrated just how lucrative the Company had become. Its first stock offering in 1713–1716 raised £418,000, its",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\non 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595. These Dutch companies amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). By contrast, wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\n\"\"Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies\"\", the company rose to account for half of the world's trade, particularly in basic commodities including cotton, silk, indigo dye, salt, spices, saltpetre, tea, and opium. The company also ruled the beginnings of the British Empire in India. In his speech to the House of Commons in July 1833, Lord Macaulay explained that since the beginning, the East India company had always been involved in both trade and politics, just as its French and Dutch counterparts had been. The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I",
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"chunk_text": "\"British Empire\"\nwith the Treaty of Union, establishing the Kingdom of Great Britain. At the end of the 16th century, England and the Netherlands began to challenge Portugal's monopoly of trade with Asia, forming private joint-stock companies to finance the voyages—the English, later British, East India Company and the Dutch East India Company, chartered in 1600 and 1602 respectively. The primary aim of these companies was to tap into the lucrative spice trade, an effort focused mainly on two regions; the East Indies archipelago, and an important hub in the trade network, India. There, they competed for trade supremacy with Portugal and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Joint-stock company\"\n(later British) East India Company was granted an English Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intention of favouring trade privileges in India. The Royal Charter effectively gave the newly created \"\"Honourable East India Company\"\" a 15-year monopoly on all trade in the East Indies. The Company transformed from a commercial trading venture to one that ruled India and exploited its resources, as it acquired auxiliary governmental and military functions, until its dissolution. Soon afterwards, in 1602, the Dutch East India Company issued shares that were made tradable on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. That invention enhanced",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nCompany Trading to the East Indies\"\") was floated under a state-backed indemnity of £2 million. The powerful stockholders of the old company quickly subscribed a sum of £315,000 in the new concern, and dominated the new body. The two companies wrestled with each other for some time, both in England and in India, for a dominant share of the trade. It quickly became evident that, in practice, the original company faced scarcely any measurable competition. The companies merged in 1708, by a tripartite indenture involving both companies and the state, with the charter and agreement for the new \"\"United Company",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\non Portuguese and Spanish ships off the coast of China, which helped secure EIC ports in China. The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690). By 1647, the company had 23 factories, each under the command of a factor or master merchant and governor, and 90 employees in India. The major factories became the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras, and Bombay Castle. In 1634, the Mughal emperor extended his hospitality to the English traders to the region of Bengal, and in 1717 completely waived customs duties",
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"chunk_text": "\"Flag of the East India Company\"\nFlag of the East India Company The flag of the East India Company represented the British East India Company between 1600 and 1874. The flag was altered as the nation changed from England to Great Britain to the United Kingdom. It was initially a red and white striped ensign with the flag of England in canton. The flag was later updated to include the flag of Great Britain and flag of the United Kingdom in 1707 and 1801 respectively, as the nation developed. Upon receiving Royal Assent to trade in the Indian Ocean by Queen Elizabeth I in 1600, the",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nwas initially transacted at the Nags Head Inn, opposite St Botolph's church in Bishopsgate, before moving to India House in Leadenhall Street. Sir James Lancaster commanded the first East India Company voyage in 1601 aboard the \"\"Red Dragon\"\". After capturing a rich 1,200 ton Portuguese Carrack in the Malacca Straits the trade from the booty enabled the voyagers to set up two \"\"factories\"\" – one at Bantam on Java and another in the Moluccas (Spice Islands) before leaving. They returned to England in 1603 to learn of Elizabeth's death but Lancaster was Knighted by the new King James I. By",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nfour Anglo-Dutch Wars between them: 1652–1654, 1665–1667, 1672–1674 and 1780–1784. The Dutch Company maintained that profit must support the cost of war which came from trade which produced profit. Competition arose in 1635 when Charles I granted a trading licence to Sir William Courteen, which permitted the rival Courteen association to trade with the east at any location in which the EIC had no presence. In an act aimed at strengthening the power of the EIC, King Charles II granted the EIC (in a series of five acts around 1670) the rights to autonomous territorial acquisitions, to mint money, to",
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"chunk_text": "\"India Office\"\nthe India Office was closed down. Responsibility for the United Kingdom's relations with the two new countries was transferred to the Commonwealth Relations Office (formerly the Dominions Office). The East India Company was established in 1600 as a joint-stock company of English merchants who received, by a series of charters, exclusive rights to English trade with the \"\"Indies\"\", defined as the lands lying between the Cape of Good Hope and the Straits of Magellan; the term \"\"India\"\" had been derived from the name of the Indus River, long important to commerce and civilisation in the region. The Company soon established",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\n1857 and the company ceased to exist when the company dissolved through the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act 1873. In the 18th century, Britain had a huge trade deficit with Qing dynasty China and so, in 1773, the company created a British monopoly on opium buying in Bengal, India, by prohibiting the licensing of opium farmers and private cultivation. The monopoly system established in 1799 continued with minimal changes until 1947. As the opium trade was illegal in China, Company ships could not carry opium to China. So the opium produced in Bengal was sold in Calcutta on condition",
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"chunk_id": "13356282",
"chunk_text": "\"East India House\"\nEast India House East India House was the London headquarters of the East India Company, from which much of British India was governed until the British government took control of the Company's possessions in India in 1858. It was located in Leadenhall Street in the City of London. The first East India House on the site was an Elizabethan mansion, previously known as Craven House, which the Company first occupied in 1648. This was completely rebuilt in 1726–29; and further remodelled and extended in 1796–1800. It was demolished in 1861. The Lloyd's building, headquarters for Lloyd's of London, was built",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nthe Indian Ocean. The company achieved a major victory over the Portuguese in the Battle of Swally in 1612, at Suvali in Surat. The company decided to explore the feasibility of gaining a territorial foothold in mainland India, with official sanction from both Britain and the Mughal Empire, and requested that the Crown launch a diplomatic mission. In 1612, James I instructed Sir Thomas Roe to visit the Mughal Emperor Nur-ud-din Salim Jahangir (r. 1605–1627) to arrange for a commercial treaty that would give the company exclusive rights to reside and establish factories in Surat and other areas. In return,",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\n(captained by Richard Rowles) sailed from Woolwich on 14 March 1607–08. This expedition would be lost. Initially, the company struggled in the spice trade because of the competition from the already well-established Dutch East India Company. The company opened a factory in Bantam on the first voyage, and imports of pepper from Java were an important part of the company's trade for twenty years. The factory in Bantam was closed in 1683. During this time ships belonging to the company arriving in India docked at Surat, which was established as a trade transit point in 1608. In the next two",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nand establish sprawling estates and businesses, and to obtain political power. The company developed a lobby in the English parliament. Under pressure from ambitious tradesmen and former associates of the company (pejoratively termed \"\"Interlopers\"\" by the company), who wanted to establish private trading firms in India, a deregulating act was passed in 1694. This allowed any English firm to trade with India, unless specifically prohibited by act of parliament, thereby annulling the charter that had been in force for almost 100 years. By an act that was passed in 1698, a new \"\"parallel\"\" East India Company (officially titled the \"\"English",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nhad not been completely successful, they nonetheless sought the Queen's unofficial approval to continue. They bought ships for their venture and increased their capital to £68,373. The Adventurers convened again a year later, on 31 December, and this time they succeeded; the Queen granted a Royal Charter to \"\"George, Earl of Cumberland, and 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Burgesses\"\" under the name, Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies. For a period of fifteen years, the charter awarded the newly formed company a monopoly on English trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good",
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"chunk_text": "\"India–United Kingdom relations\"\nUnited Kingdom David Cameron described Indian – British relations as the \"\"New Special Relationship\"\" in 2010. Trade was established between Tudor England and Mughal India in 1600 when Elizabeth I granted the newly formed East India Company a royal charter. After the Mughal Empire's decline in 1707, India was a leading manufacturing country in the world in the early 18th century. It had 22.6 percent share of the world's GDP, by the time British left the country its GDP was near 4%. During 18th century, the East India Company began to gain greater influence in India. The Battle of Plassey",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nto rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj. Despite frequent government intervention, the company had recurring problems with its finances. It was dissolved in 1874 as a result of the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act passed one year earlier, as the Government of India Act",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nand had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established. During its first century of operation, the focus of the company was trade, not the building of an empire in India. Company interests turned from trade to territory during the 18th century as the Mughal Empire declined in power and the East India Company struggled with its French counterpart, the French East India Company (\"\"Compagnie française des Indes orientales\"\") during the Carnatic Wars of the 1740s and 1750s. The battles of Plassey and Buxar, in which the British defeated the Bengali powers, left the company in control",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nyears, the company established its first factory in south India in the town of Machilipatnam on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. The high profits reported by the company after landing in India initially prompted James I to grant subsidiary licences to other trading companies in England. But in 1609 he renewed the charter given to the company for an indefinite period, including a clause that specified that the charter would cease to be in force if the trade turned unprofitable for three consecutive years. English traders frequently engaged in hostilities with their Dutch and Portuguese counterparts in",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India House\"\non the site of the former East India House. The East India Company was founded in 1600. Until 1621, it occupied rooms in the mansion of its Governor, Sir Thomas Smythe, in Philpot Lane, Fenchurch Street; and from 1621 to 1638 it was housed in Crosby House, Bishopsgate. In 1638 it moved into the house of its new Governor, Sir Christopher Clitherow, in Leadenhall Street. Clitherow died in 1641, and although the Company remained in occupation it found the premises increasingly cramped. In 1648, therefore, it took a lease on the adjoining property, Craven House, a late Elizabethan mansion built",
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"chunk_text": "\"British Empire\"\nattention shifted from preying on other nations' colonial infrastructures to the business of establishing its own overseas colonies. The British Empire began to take shape during the early 17th century, with the English settlement of North America and the smaller islands of the Caribbean, and the establishment of joint-stock companies, most notably the East India Company, to administer colonies and overseas trade. This period, until the loss of the Thirteen Colonies after the American War of Independence towards the end of the 18th century, has subsequently been referred to by some historians as the \"\"First British Empire\"\". The Caribbean initially",
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"chunk_text": "\"Portuguese East India Company\"\nPortuguese East India Company The Portuguese East India Company ( or ) was a short-lived ill-fated attempt by Philip III of Portugal to create a national chartered company to look after interests in Portuguese India in the face on encroachment by the Dutch and English following the personal union of the Portuguese and Spanish Crowns. Portuguese trade with India had been a crown monopoly since the Portuguese captain Vasco da Gama opened the sea route to India in 1497-99. The monopoly had been managed by the Casa da Índia, the royal trading house founded around 1500. The Casa was responsible",
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"chunk_text": "\"East Indian Railway Company\"\nEast Indian Railway Company The East Indian Railway Company, also known as the East Indian Railway (EIR), introduced railways to eastern and northern India, while the Companies such as the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, South Indian Railway, Central India Railway and the North-Western Railway operated in other parts of India. The company was established 1 June 1845 in London by a deed of settlement with a capital of £4,000,000, largely raised in London. The first board of directors formed in 1845 comprised thirteen members and Rowland Macdonald Stephenson became the first managing director of the company. Rowland Macdonald Stephenson (later",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nEventually, the East India Company seized control of Bengal and slowly the whole Indian subcontinent with its private armies, composed primarily of Indian sepoys. As historian William Dalrymple observes, In 1613, during the rule of Tokugawa Hidetada of the Tokugawa shogunate, the British ship \"\"Clove\"\", under the command of Captain John Saris, was the first British ship to call on Japan. Saris was the chief factor of the EIC's trading post in Java, and with the assistance of William Adams, a British sailor who had arrived in Japan in 1600, he was able to gain permission from the ruler to",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nRiver Thames at Deptford. By 1614, the yard having become too small, an alternative site was acquired at Blackwall: the new yard was fully operational by 1617. It was sold in 1656, although for some years East India Company ships continued to be built and repaired there under the new owners. In 1803, an Act of Parliament, promoted by the East India Company, established the East India Dock Company, with the aim of establishing a new set of docks (the East India Docks) primarily for the use of ships trading with India. The existing Brunswick Dock, part of the Blackwall",
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"chunk_text": "\"French East India Company\"\nFrench East India Company The French East India Company () was a commercial Imperial enterprise, founded in 1664 to compete with the English (later British) and Dutch East India companies in the East Indies. Planned by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, it was chartered by King Louis XIV for the purpose of trading in the Eastern Hemisphere. It resulted from the fusion of three earlier companies, the 1660 Compagnie de Chine, the Compagnie d'Orient and Compagnie de Madagascar. The first Director General for the Company was François de la Faye, who was adjoined by two Directors belonging to the two most successful trading",
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"chunk_text": "\"Economic history of the United Kingdom\"\nwas introduced in the 1840s. Protected by the overwhelming power of the Royal Navy, the economic empire included very close economic ties with independent nations in Latin America. The informal economic empire has been called \"\"The Imperialism of Free Trade.\"\" Numerous independent entrepreneurs expanded the Empire, such as Stamford Raffles of the East India Company who founded the port of Singapore in 1819. Businessmen eager to sell Indian opium in the vast China market led to the Opium War (1839–1842) and the establishment of British colonies at Hong Kong. One adventurer, James Brooke, set himself up as the Rajah of",
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"chunk_text": "\"Company rule in India\"\nBurke's effort had the effect of creating a sense of responsibility in British public life for the Company's dominion in India. Soon rumblings appeared amongst merchants in London that the monopoly granted to the East India Company in 1600, intended to facilitate its competition against Dutch and French in a distant region, was no longer needed. In response, in the Charter Act of 1813, the British Parliament renewed the Company's charter but terminated its monopoly except with regard to tea and trade with China, opening India both to private investment and missionaries. With increased British power in India, supervision of",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nStraits of Malacca called the Straits Settlements in 1826 to protect its trade route to China and to combat local piracy. The settlements were also used as penal settlements for Indian civilian and military prisoners. In 1838 with the amount of smuggled opium entering China approaching 1,400 tons a year, the Chinese imposed a death penalty for opium smuggling and sent a Special Imperial Commissioner, Lin Zexu, to curb smuggling. This resulted in the First Opium War (1839–42). After the war Hong Kong island was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanking and the Chinese market opened to the",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\non 1 January 1874. This Act provided for the formal dissolution of the company on 1 June 1874, after a final dividend payment and the commutation or redemption of its stock. \"\"The Times\"\" commented on 8 April 1873: In the 1980s, a group of investors purchased the rights to the moribund corporate brand and founded a clothing company, which lasted until the 1990s. The corporate vestiges were again purchased by another group of investors who opened their first store in 2010. The company's headquarters in London, from which much of India was governed, was East India House in Leadenhall Street.",
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"chunk_text": "\"History of the United Kingdom\"\nEast India Company had been trade, not the building of an empire in India. Company interests turned from trade to territory during the 18th century as the Mughal Empire declined in power and the British East India Company struggled with its French counterpart, the \"\"La Compagnie française des Indes orientales\"\", during the Carnatic Wars of the 1740s and 1750s. The British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the French and their Indian allies in the Battle of Plassey, leaving the Company in control of Bengal and a major military and political power in India. In the following decades it gradually increased",
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"chunk_text": "\"British Empire\"\nCompany drove the expansion of the British Empire in Asia. The Company's army had first joined forces with the Royal Navy during the Seven Years' War, and the two continued to co-operate in arenas outside India: the eviction of the French from Egypt (1799), the capture of Java from the Netherlands (1811), the acquisition of Penang Island (1786), Singapore (1819) and Malacca (1824), and the defeat of Burma (1826). From its base in India, the Company had also been engaged in an increasingly profitable opium export trade to China since the 1730s. This trade, illegal since it was outlawed by",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\n(later known as the East India Company Act 1773), the Parliament of Great Britain imposed a series of administrative and economic reforms; this clearly established Parliament's sovereignty and ultimate control over the company. The Act recognised the company's political functions and clearly established that the \"\"acquisition of sovereignty by the subjects of the Crown is on behalf of the Crown and not in its own right\"\". Despite stiff resistance from the East India lobby in parliament and from the company's shareholders, the Act passed. It introduced substantial governmental control and allowed British India to be formally under the control of",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nprofits because the financial backers in England took high risks: their money for possible profits or losses through shipwrecks, wars or calamities. The increasingly large territory the Company was annexing and collecting taxes was also run by the local Nawabs. In essence, it was a dual administration. Between 1765 and 1772 Robert Clive gave the responsibility of tax collecting, diwani, to the Indian deputy and judicial and police responsibilities to other Indian deputies. The Company concentrated its new power of collecting revenue and left the responsibilities to the Indian agencies. The East India Company took the beginning steps of British",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\ntrade by the company in India until 1783, in return for a further loan of £1 million. Between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years' War diverted the state's attention towards consolidation and defence of its territorial possessions in Europe and its colonies in North America. The war took place on Indian soil, between the company troops and the French forces. In 1757, the Law Officers of the Crown delivered the Pratt-Yorke opinion distinguishing overseas territories acquired by right of conquest from those acquired by private treaty. The opinion asserted that, while the Crown of Great Britain enjoyed sovereignty over both,",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nhis companions, had made a remarkable fifteen-year overland journey to Mesopotamia, the Persian Gulf, the Indian Ocean, India and Southeast Asia. Fitch was then consulted on the Indian affairs and gave even more valuable information to Lancaster. On 22 September 1599, a group of merchants met and stated their intention \"\"to venture in the pretended voyage to the East Indies (the which it may please the Lord to prosper), and the sums that they will adventure\"\", committing £30,133. Two days later, \"\"the Adventurers\"\" reconvened and resolved to apply to the Queen for support of the project. Although their first attempt",
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"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nof Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies\"\" being awarded by the Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin. Under this arrangement, the merged company lent to the Treasury a sum of £3,200,000, in return for exclusive privileges for the next three years, after which the situation was to be reviewed. The amalgamated company became the \"\"United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies\"\". In the following decades there was a constant battle between the company lobby and the Parliament. The company sought a permanent establishment, while the Parliament would not willingly allow it greater autonomy and",
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"chunk_id": "12343948",
"chunk_text": "\"Dutch–Portuguese War\"\nBritish interest fed by new information led to a movement of commercial expansion, and the foundation of the English East India Company, in 1600, and Dutch East India Company (VOC), in 1602, allowing the entry of chartered companies in the so-called East Indies. In 1602, the \"\"Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie\"\" (Dutch East India Company or VOC) was founded, with the goal of sharing the costs of the exploration of the East Indies and ultimately re-establishing the spice trade, a vital source of income to the new Republic of the Seven United Provinces. The need of founding the VOC arose because, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18158592",
"chunk_text": "\"East India\"\nof the Europeans in the 17th century, outposts were established in Odisha Coast and Bengal. The European traders established their trade centres in the famous ports of Balasore, Pipili, Palur in the Odisha Coast during the rule of the last independent Hindu king Gajapati Prataprudra Dev. The Portuguese were in Chittagong, Dutch in Chinsura, French in Pondicherry and the English founded Calcutta. In 1756, the British East India Company defeated the local Indian Muslim rulers in Plassey and established British Rule in the subcontinent. Its capital Calcutta grew into one of the world's greatest ports. Tea from Calcutta was off-loaded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13596268",
"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\ncompany. The company initially welcomed these provisions, but the annual burden of the payment contributed to the steady decline of its finances. The East India Company Act 1784 (Pitt's India Act) had two key aspects: Pitt's Act was deemed a failure because it quickly became apparent that the boundaries between government control and the company's powers were nebulous and highly subjective. The government felt obliged to respond to humanitarian calls for better treatment of local peoples in British-occupied territories. Edmund Burke, a former East India Company shareholder and diplomat, was moved to address the situation and introduced a new Regulating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2788501",
"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nthe Indian Mutiny or Sepoy Mutiny) resulted in widespread devastation in India: many condemned the East India Company for permitting the events to occur. In the aftermath of the Rebellion, under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858, the British Government nationalised the company. The Crown took over its Indian possessions, its administrative powers and machinery, and its armed forces. The company remained in existence in vestigial form, continuing to manage the tea trade on behalf of the British Government (and the supply of Saint Helena) until the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act 1873 came into effect,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15824530",
"chunk_text": "Imperialism\nIndia Company was established and was chartered by Queen Elizabeth in the following year. With the establishment of trading posts in India, the British were able to maintain strength relative to other empires such as the Portuguese who already had set up trading posts in India. In 1767 political activity caused exploitation of the East India Company causing the plundering of the local economy, almost bringing the company into bankruptcy. By the year 1670 Britain's imperialist ambitions were well off as she had colonies in Virginia, Massachusetts, Bermuda, Honduras, Antigua, Barbados, Jamaica and Nova Scotia. Due to the vast imperialist",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7806164",
"chunk_text": "\"East India Company\"\nthe company offered to provide the Emperor with goods and rarities from the European market. This mission was highly successful, and Jahangir sent a letter to James through Sir Thomas Roe: The company, which benefited from the imperial patronage, soon expanded its commercial trading operations. It eclipsed the Portuguese Estado da Índia, which had established bases in Goa, Chittagong, and Bombay, which Portugal later ceded to England as part of the dowry of Catherine of Braganza on her marriage to King Charles II. The East India Company also launched a joint attack with the Dutch United East India Company (VOC)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9854557",
"chunk_text": "\"Colonial India\"\nviewed as its most important colony and the key to the rest of Asia. The East India Company drove the expansion of the British Empire in Asia. The company's army had first joined forces with the Royal Navy during the Seven Years' War, and the two continued to cooperate in arenas outside India: the eviction of Napoleon from Egypt (1799), the capture of Java from the Netherlands (1811), the acquisition of Singapore (1819) and Malacca (1824), and the defeat of Burma (1826). From its base in India, the company had also been engaged in an increasingly profitable opium export trade",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15340549",
"chunk_text": "\"Madras Presidency\"\nEngland (1533–1603) granted a group of English merchants a charter to establish a joint-stock company which became known as the East India Company. Subsequently, during the reign of King James I (1567–1625), Sir William Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe were sent to negotiate with the Mughal Emperor Jahangir (1569–1627) to permit the establishment of trading factories in India on behalf of the Company. The first of these were built at Surat on the west coast and at Masulipatam on the country's eastern seaboard. Masulipatam is thus the oldest English trading post on India's east coast, dating back to 1611. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10913575",
"chunk_text": "\"Portuguese India Armadas\"\nof the Portuguese spice trade, but expelled due to the Dutch-Spanish conflict. At least fifteen separate Dutch expeditions to the East Indies, each involving enormous numbers of men, ships, and amounts of treasure, were sent out by the \"\"voorcompanies\"\" in 1598–1601. From this enthusiastic anarchic beginning, the Dutch trade got organized in 1601, when the Dutch government forced the voorcompagnie to fold under a single monopoly company, the \"\"Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie\"\" (VOC). Fearful of being left behind, the English had founded their own East India Company (EIC) in 1600, and managed to organize a small English expedition to Bantam in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_627
|
when did david akers kick the 63 yard field goal?
|
n/a
|
[
"September 9, 2012"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576866",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nDavid Akers David Roy Akers (; born December 9, 1974) is a former American football placekicker. He played college football at Louisville, and was signed by the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 1997. Akers also played for the Carolina Panthers, Washington Redskins, Berlin Thunder, Philadelphia Eagles, San Francisco 49ers, and Detroit Lions. He was selected for the Pro Bowl six times in his career and was at one point tied for the longest field goal in NFL history when he kicked a 63-yard field goal with the San Francisco 49ers. His retirement on October 23, 2017 made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19250335",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nrecord for the longest field goal by kicking a 63-yard field goal off the crossbar against the Green Bay Packers at Lambeau Field. The record was originally set by Tom Dempsey and was shared with Jason Elam and Sebastian Janikowski until Broncos kicker Matt Prater broke the record with a 64-yard field goal on December 8, 2013. The long field goals by Elam, Janikowski, and Prater were all made in Denver, where the ball has the ability to travel slightly farther in thinner air. Elam kicked his 63-yard field goal at Mile High Stadium, while the 63-yarder by Janikowski and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19250334",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nagainst the Seahawks, Akers broke the all-time record for field goals in a season, surpassing Neil Rackers' 40 in 2005. On January 1, 2012, Akers broke the NFL record for most points by a kicker in a single season against the St. Louis Rams; he finished with 166 points. In this game, he also extended his NFL record for most field goals made in a single season, finishing with 44, and threw for a touchdown on a fake field goal. Akers made his sixth Pro Bowl at the end of the season. On September 9, 2012, Akers tied the NFL",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576872",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\n51-yard field goal at Giants Stadium, his longest of the season. In the same game he had two field goals blocked, one of which was returned for a touchdown. At the end of the 2008 regular season, Akers again set the team single-season scoring record with an NFC-best 144 points. He connected on 33 of 40 field goals (82.5 pct), his best percentage since 2004. On January 11, 2009, Akers kicked three field goals in three attempts during a divisional playoff win over the New York Giants. The second of these set an NFL record for consecutive field goals without",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576867",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nhim the last Eagle from the Super Bowl XXXIX team to retire from the NFL. Akers attended Tates Creek High School in Lexington, Kentucky. Akers attended college at the University of Louisville and played for the Louisville Cardinals football team. During his four-year college career, Akers kicked a school-record 36 field goals (with a long of 51 yards against Texas A&M University), and ranks second on Louisville's all-time scoring list, with 219 points. Between 1997 and 1998, as an undrafted free agent, Akers spent time trying to make the team with the Atlanta Falcons and Carolina Panthers. Akers was signed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576870",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\na 57-yarder against the New England Patriots at the new Lincoln Financial Field. (The only longer field goals in Eagles' history have been Jake Elliott's 61-yard field goal in 2017 and Tony Franklin's 59-yard field goal in 1979.) In 2004, Akers continued his consistent kicking with an 84.4% field goal percentage, and he made his third Pro Bowl. Injuries got to Akers in 2005 when he tore the hamstring in his non-kicking leg during the opening kickoff against the Oakland Raiders on September 25, 2005. Akers left the game, but returned in the second half with a heavily taped leg",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576874",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nJuly 29, 2011. He kicked a 59-yard field goal just before halftime in a preseason game against the New Orleans Saints on August 12, 2011. On September 18, 2011, he kicked a 55-yard field goal against the Dallas Cowboys, setting a record for the longest field goal made at Candlestick Park. Akers broke the 49ers' record for most points scored in a season in a 20–3 win over the Pittsburgh Steelers in a Monday Night Football matchup on December 19, 2011. The record was formerly held by the 49ers' Hall of Fame wide receiver, Jerry Rice. In that same game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19250336",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nthe 64-yarder by Prater were at Sports Authority Field at Mile High. In track and field, the IAAF denotes any records set 1,000 metres (about 3,937 feet) or more above sea level as altitude-assisted records, and the Dempsey (Tulane Stadium) and Akers (Lambeau Field) records were set below the 1,000m threshold. The 49ers advanced to Super Bowl XLVII following the 2012 season, marking Akers' second appearance in the game. In the game, Akers went 3 for 3 in field goal attempts, but San Francisco narrowly lost to the Baltimore Ravens by a 34–31 score. On March 6, 2013, Akers was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576869",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nsuccess rate), and had a team-record 121 points. Akers earned the NFC Special Teams Player of the Month award in November 2000. He made the Pro Bowl for the first time in 2001 as he went 26-for-31, making a team-record seventeen consecutive field goals during the season. Akers' best statistical season was 2002 when he connected on 30 of 34 field goals (88.2%), scored a team-record 133 points, and made another Pro Bowl. He got fewer chances in 2003, but still made 24 of 29 field goals. He made the third-longest field goal in Eagles' history on September 14, 2003,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576871",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nto make two extra points and then kick the game-winning 28-yard field goal before collapsing in pain as his teammates mobbed him. He missed the next four games and finished the season 16 for 22. In 2006, Akers was injury-free, but made only 18 of 23 attempts (78.3%), his second worst season statistically. On December 16, 2007, in a 10–6 win over the Dallas Cowboys, Akers set the Philadelphia Eagles franchise record for most points and on Thanksgiving in 2008, Akers passed 1,000 career points during a 48–20 win over the Arizona Cardinals. On December 7, 2008, Akers kicked a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9283240",
"chunk_text": "\"Field goal\"\ntoward its own end. The longest field goal kick in NFL history is 64 yards, a record set by Matt Prater on December 8, 2013. The previous record was 63, originally set by Tom Dempsey (1970) and then matched by Jason Elam (1998), Sebastian Janikowski (2011), David Akers (2012), and Graham Gano (2018). High school, college and most professional football leagues offer only a three-point field goal; however, some professional leagues have encouraged more rare kicks through \"\"four-point field goals\"\". NFL Europe encouraged long field goals of 50 yards or more by making those worth four points instead of three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9283257",
"chunk_text": "\"Field goal\"\nfor a field goal at any level is 69 yards. It was kicked by Ove Johansson of the Abilene Christian University Wildcats in the 1976 game against East Texas State University Lions (now Texas A&M University–Commerce) in Shotwell Stadium, Abilene, Texas. The longest field goal made was 64 yards by Matt Prater of the Denver Broncos on December 8, 2013. The longest field goal attempt in an NFL game was 76 yards by Sebastian Janikowski on September 28, 2008. In the history of the NFL regular season, only 20 field goals have been made from at least 60 yards: Prior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11068173",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Dempsey\"\nTom Dempsey Thomas John Dempsey (born January 12, 1947) is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League (NFL) for the New Orleans Saints (1969–1970), Philadelphia Eagles (1971–1974), Los Angeles Rams (1975–1976), Houston Oilers (1977) and Buffalo Bills (1978–1979). He attended high school at San Dieguito High School and played college football at Palomar College. Unlike the \"\"soccer style\"\" approach which was becoming more and more widely used during his career, Dempsey's kicking style was the standard (of the day) straight-toe style. Dempsey is most widely known for kicking a 63-yard field goal as time expired to give",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13039671",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Elam\"\nJason Elam Jason Elam (born March 8, 1970) is a former American football placekicker. He was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the third round of the 1993 NFL Draft and played 15 seasons with the Broncos and two with the Atlanta Falcons. A three-time Pro Bowl selection, Elam won two Super Bowl rings with the Broncos and was tied with Tom Dempsey, Sebastian Janikowski and David Akers for the longest field goal in NFL history at 63 yards before it was broken by another Bronco, Matt Prater, on December 8, 2013, with a 64-yard field goal. Elam attended Brookwood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2107423",
"chunk_text": "\"Kick Six\"\nthe game 34–28. It was unofficially the longest missed field goal return in NCAA history, tying a 109-yard return earlier in the 2013 season by Odell Beckham of LSU. However, he was only credited with 100 yards; unlike the NFL, the NCAA does not count yardage inside the end zone for kick returns. The crowd reaction registered on seismographs across the state of Alabama, in a manner similar to activity registered during the 1988 Auburn–LSU \"\"Earthquake Game\"\". Lundquist's call of the last play: Gary Danielson would later compare the game to the legendary Miracle on Ice, equating Auburn's upset of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8976958",
"chunk_text": "\"Russell Erxleben\"\nRussell Erxleben Russell Erxleben (born January 13, 1957) is a former American football player and currency investor. He shares the record for the longest field goal, 67 yards, in NCAA history (if not college football history), originally set in 1977 while playing for the University of Texas. Erxleben was a three-time All-America punter (1976, 1977, and 1978). He was drafted in the first round of the NFL Draft, an extremely rare occurrence for a kicker. After an NFL career lasting six years, he became a currency investor. Convicted of securities fraud in 1999, he was released from federal prison in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10603352",
"chunk_text": "\"Ola Kimrin\"\nat that time shared by Tom Dempsey and Jason Elam. The record also would have survived the later kicks by Sebastian Janikowski (63 yards), David Akers (63 yards), Graham Gano (63 yards), and Matt Prater (64 yards for a new record on December 8, 2013). But being a field goal kicked in a pre-season game, Kimrin's 65-yarder did not count as an NFL record. Despite the 65-yard pre-season field goal, Kimrin was released at the conclusion of camp in favor of veteran Jason Elam. He then competed for a job with the Dallas Cowboys in 2003 during training camp but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19250338",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nShaolin Kempo. On April 27, 2018, Akers was selected to announce a draft pick during the 2018 NFL Draft, which took place at AT&T Stadium. Akers made a dramatic speech, reminiscent to what Drew Pearson did the previous year in Philadelphia. Akers announced Dallas Goedert as the 49th overall pick. David Akers David Roy Akers (; born December 9, 1974) is a former American football placekicker. He played college football at Louisville, and was signed by the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 1997. Akers also played for the Carolina Panthers, Washington Redskins, Berlin Thunder, Philadelphia Eagles, San",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576868",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nby the Washington Redskins in 1998 and played in one game for them, making two extra points but missing two field goal attempts of 48+ yards each. He was waived by the Redskins during the 1999 season. After Washington cut Akers, the Philadelphia Eagles claimed him off waivers and allocated him to NFL Europe. A solid season with the Berlin Thunder helped him earn the kicking job for the Eagles in 2000. Akers proved to be one of the biggest special teams surprises in all of the NFL that season. He made 29 out of 33 field goals (an 87.9%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16373561",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\nreleased after two seasons with the 49ers. On April 6, 2013, Akers signed with the Detroit Lions, three days after the retirement of 21-season Lions kicker Jason Hanson. Akers and his wife, Erika, reside in Franklin, Tennessee, with their sons Luke and Sawyer and daughter Halley. He has maintained a summer residence in Ocean City, New Jersey. Akers is a Christian. In 2001, the Akers family formed the David Akers Kicks for Kids Foundation, which has established programs with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia to benefit sick children and their families. He has also trained in martial arts jiu-jitsu and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2108992",
"chunk_text": "\"Matt Bryant\"\nTom Dempsey in 1970 and Jason Elam in 1998. Sebastian Janikowski and David Akers have since kicked 63-yard field goals. Matt Prater holds the NFL record with a successful 64-yard attempt, which was done in the 2013 season. Prater, then with the Denver Broncos, hit the field goal against the Tennessee Titans. On October 23, 2006, in response to his 62-yard field goal, Mayor Pam Iorio declared October 23 to be \"\"Matt Bryant Day\"\" in Tampa, Florida. In the 2006 season, Bryant appeared in all 16 games of the Buccaneers' 4–12 season. On the season, he converted 22-of-23 extra point",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1663892",
"chunk_text": "\"Dirk Borgognone\"\nDirk Borgognone Dirk Ronald Borgognone (born January 9, 1968) is a former National Football League placekicker who currently holds the record for the longest field goal ever kicked in the history of high school football, 68 yards. Borgognone attended Reno High School, initially playing as a soccer player. He soon switched to football and was trained in a \"\"straight-on\"\" kicking style. On September 27, 1985, he kicked the longest field goal in high school football history, during a Reno High School game at Sparks High School. The kick measured 68 yards and was longer than any that had ever been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20242274",
"chunk_text": "\"Graham Gano\"\ndue to injury. Graham Gano Graham Buck Gano (born April 9, 1987) is an American football placekicker for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Florida State University and was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2009. Gano has also played for the Las Vegas Locomotives and the Washington Redskins. During his tenure with the Panthers, Gano attained the franchise's record for longest field goal at 63 yards in 2018. Gano's father, Mark, was a United States Navy Master Chief Petty Officer and Vietnam veteran who was stationed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15296187",
"chunk_text": "\"Rich Karlis\"\n1982. Karlis is the creator of an instructional video for kickers. Rich Karlis Richard John Karlis (born May 23, 1959) is a former American Football placekicker who played nine seasons for the Denver Broncos, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions in the National Football League from 1982 to 1990. He played college football at the University of Cincinnati and is known as the last of the field goal kickers who kicked barefoot full-time in the NFL. Karlis is best known for kicking the game-winning field goal in overtime for Denver against the Cleveland Browns in the to reach Super Bowl XXI.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19907968",
"chunk_text": "\"Graham Gano\"\nGraham Gano Graham Buck Gano (born April 9, 1987) is an American football placekicker for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Florida State University and was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2009. Gano has also played for the Las Vegas Locomotives and the Washington Redskins. During his tenure with the Panthers, Gano attained the franchise's record for longest field goal at 63 yards in 2018. Gano's father, Mark, was a United States Navy Master Chief Petty Officer and Vietnam veteran who was stationed in Scotland when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19049972",
"chunk_text": "\"Field goal range\"\n35 and 40 yard lines (closer in a crosswind) often will go for the more risky fourth down conversion rather than risk either the touchback or the missed field goal. The longest field goal in recorded football history was 69 yards, set by collegiate kicker Ove Johansson, who was born in Sweden, in a 1976 Abilene Christian University football game against East Texas State University (now Texas A&M Commerce) at Shotwell Stadium in Abilene. The longest successful field goal in the NFL was 64 yards and was completed by Matt Prater in 2013. The NCAA record is 67 yards held",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14204107",
"chunk_text": "\"Ove Johansson\"\nat national power Davis and Elkins College, and performed this kick during ACU's 1976 homecoming game against East Texas State University at Shotwell Stadium, in Abilene, Texas. This record kick is longer than any other field goal kicked in organized football, one yard longer than the current high school record set by Dirk Borgognone in 1985, 2 yards longer than the NCAA record (Abilene Christian was playing in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics at the time), and 5 yards longer than the current NFL record of 64 yards set by Matt Prater in the Denver Broncos vs. Tennessee Titans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15296185",
"chunk_text": "\"Rich Karlis\"\nRich Karlis Richard John Karlis (born May 23, 1959) is a former American Football placekicker who played nine seasons for the Denver Broncos, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions in the National Football League from 1982 to 1990. He played college football at the University of Cincinnati and is known as the last of the field goal kickers who kicked barefoot full-time in the NFL. Karlis is best known for kicking the game-winning field goal in overtime for Denver against the Cleveland Browns in the to reach Super Bowl XXI. He had an uneven performance in Super Bowl XXI, tying a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12336697",
"chunk_text": "\"Matt Prater\"\nMatt Prater Matthew Phillip Prater (born August 10, 1984) is an American football placekicker for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Central Florida, and was originally signed by the Lions as an undrafted free agent in 2006. Prater holds the NFL record for kicking the longest field goal (64 yards), which he set on December 8, 2013, as a member of the Denver Broncos in a game against the Tennessee Titans in the first half as time expired. He also holds the Detroit Lions franchise record for longest field",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13392056",
"chunk_text": "\"San Francisco 49ers\"\nC. Kaepernick (SF) – 302 YDS, 1 TD, 1 INT; rushing: F. Gore (SF) – 19 CAR, 110 YDS, 1 TD; receiving: M. Crabtree (SF) – 5 REC, 109 YDS, 1 TD. Another storyline towards the end of the 2012 season was the reliability of kicker David Akers. Towards the end of the season, he began to show signs of decline, missing one field goal of 20–30 yards, two field goals of 30–40 yards, and six field goals of 40–50 yards for a below-average conversion percentage of 69%. Akers was released on March 6, 2013. Shortly afterwards, the 49ers signed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16322630",
"chunk_text": "\"Matt Prater\"\nLions. Matt Prater Matthew Phillip Prater (born August 10, 1984) is an American football placekicker for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Central Florida, and was originally signed by the Lions as an undrafted free agent in 2006. Prater holds the NFL record for kicking the longest field goal (64 yards), which he set on December 8, 2013, as a member of the Denver Broncos in a game against the Tennessee Titans in the first half as time expired. He also holds the Detroit Lions franchise record for longest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6576873",
"chunk_text": "\"David Akers\"\na miss during the postseason, previously held by one-time Eagle Gary Anderson. Akers eventually ran his streak to a record 19 consecutive postseason field goal conversions; it was snapped the very next week against the Arizona Cardinals. Akers had a total of thirty-five postseason field goal conversions during his career. Akers was selected to the 2010 Pro Bowl, his fourth. He was also named to the NFL All-Decade Team for the 2000s. After the 2010 season, he was selected to his fifth career Pro Bowl. Akers was signed by the San Francisco 49ers to a $9 million, three-year contract on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2014669",
"chunk_text": "\"Rob Bironas\"\nthat Bironas had been driving aggressively prior to the crash. Toxicology reports released 11 days later revealed that Bironas's blood alcohol level had been 0.218 percent, almost three times the legal limit of 0.08 in the state of Tennessee. Autopsy reports showed Bironas died from blunt force trauma after crashing the car. Rob Bironas James Robert Douglas \"\"Rob\"\" Bironas (January 29, 1978 – September 20, 2014) was an American football placekicker. He holds the NFL record for field goals in a single game (8), set in 2007 against the Houston Texans. He was originally signed by the Green Bay Packers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6329022",
"chunk_text": "\"Tulane Stadium\"\nthe Saints won the game 19-17, one of only two games the Saints won that year. That record would stand alone for 28 years before it was tied by Jason Elam of the Denver Broncos, Sebastian Janikowski of the Oakland Raiders, and David Akers of the San Francisco 49ers. Late in the 2013 NFL season, Denver Broncos's kicker Matt Prater finally broke Dempsey's record with a 64-yard field goal against the Tennessee Titans. In 1975, the day the new Louisiana Superdome was opened, Tulane Stadium was condemned. Upon appeal by the University, the older concrete and brick section was deemed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11034950",
"chunk_text": "\"Doug Pelfrey\"\nDoug Pelfrey Doug Pelfrey (born September 25, 1970 in Fort Thomas, Kentucky) is a former American football placekicker for the Cincinnati Bengals. Pelfrey played college football at the University of Kentucky. In 1997, Pelfrey surpassed Horst Muhlmann's record for consecutive extra points (101) by a Cincinnati Bengals kicker. Pelfrey is also known for his charitable work, starting the Kicks for Kids Foundation to help children in the Greater Cincinnati area pursue their dreams. Pelfrey is the only player to kick two field goals (including a career-best 54-yarder as time expired) within six seconds to win a game - 1994 Week",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2667919",
"chunk_text": "\"Koy Detmer\"\nnot in an Eagle uniform. The Vikings released Detmer on November 10, 2007, once Holcomb had recovered sufficiently to play. In 103 NFL games, Detmer has a career passer rating of 61.2 with ten career touchdowns and 14 interceptions thrown. Despite poor passing numbers, Detmer managed to have an 11-year career due to his ability to hold for place-kicks; then-Eagles special teams coach John Harbaugh and Pro Bowl kicker David Akers both spoke highly of Detmer's talent and skill in this area. \"\"Source\"\": Detmer is a coach on the Somerset High School (Somerset, Texas) staff under his father, Head Coach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7080592",
"chunk_text": "\"Sebastian Janikowski\"\nSebastian Janikowski Sebastian Paweł Janikowski (; born March 2, 1978) is a Polish-born American football placekicker for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Florida State University, and was a two-time consensus All-America. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders 17th overall in the 2000 NFL draft, only the third time a kicker was taken in the first round. He has the nickname \"\"Seabass\"\". On September 12, 2011, in a \"\"Monday Night Football\"\" game against the Denver Broncos, he tied the previous NFL record for the longest field goal at 63 yards, sharing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2216751",
"chunk_text": "\"Aaron Brewer\"\nhe played in 12 games along with one tackle. On May 3, 2012, Brewer signed with the Denver Broncos as an undrafted free agent. Brewer was the long snapper for Matt Prater’s NFL record 64-yard field goal on December 8, 2013. On February 7, 2016, Brewer was part of the Broncos team that won Super Bowl 50. In the game, the Broncos defeated the Carolina Panthers by a score of 24–10. On March 8, 2016, the Broncos released Brewer along with tight end Owen Daniels and right guard Louis Vasquez. On March 16, 2016, Brewer signed with the Chicago Bears",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11610016",
"chunk_text": "\"Ove Johansson\"\nApril (Bankes) Johansson, and they have a daughter, Annika Johansson, and a son, Stefan Johansson. The family is bilingual English-Swedish. Ove Johansson Ove Claes Johansson (born March 31, 1948) is a former American football placekicker and the current holder of the record for the longest field goal ever kicked during an American football game, at , for Abilene Christian University in their October 16, 1976 victory over East Texas State. Johansson is the oldest player to be drafted in the NFL Draft, being 28 years, 281 days old when he was selected in the 12th round of the 1977 NFL",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4329450",
"chunk_text": "\"John Kasay\"\nMare (39 in 1999), Neil Rackers (42 in 2005), and David Akers (44 in 2011). Kasay also holds many NFL records as a placekicker. He is second all-time for field goals made from 50+ yards (42) made behind only Jason Hanson (50) and is the only player to convert on four field goals from 46+ yards in a single game. Kasay hit his 400th field goal on December 6, 2009 in a game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He is only the 7th player in NFL history to accomplish that. Kasay is the longest tenured player to play for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3866250",
"chunk_text": "\"Tony Franklin (kicker)\"\nTony Franklin (kicker) Anthony Ray \"\"Tony\"\" Franklin (born November 18, 1956 in Big Spring, Texas) is a former National Football League football kicker in the National Football League between 1979 and 1988 for the Philadelphia Eagles, the New England Patriots, and the Miami Dolphins. Franklin was best known for his barefoot kicking style. He played college football at Texas A&M. Franklin played college football at Texas A&M University where he set the record for the longest field goal in Division I-A history when he made a kick of 65 yards on October 16, 1976 against Baylor University. For a very",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14309833",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Seder\"\nTim Seder Timothy R. Seder (born September 17, 1974) is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, Minnesota Vikings, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Kansas City Chiefs. He played college football at Ashland University. Seder attended Ashland High School (Ohio). He walked-on at Ashland University and became a starter at placekicker as a freshman, making 6-of-12 field goals, 28-of-29 extra points and 46 points. He would lead the team in scoring in each of his final three seasons. As a senior, he recorded 64 points on 14-of-19 field goals and 22-of-24 extra points attempts. His",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2667916",
"chunk_text": "\"Koy Detmer\"\nin 1990. At Colorado, Detmer threw for 5,390 yards. He also set a school record in passing for 40 touchdowns. \"\"Source\"\": Drafted in the 7th round of the 1997 NFL draft, Detmer spent the next 10 years in Philadelphia. He spent most of his career as a backup to quarterback Donovan McNabb and as the place-kick holder for David Akers. His action as a starter was limited to five games in the 1998 season and one game in the 2002 season, in which McNabb was out with a broken ankle. Detmer played well in that game, going 18 of 26",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11068175",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Dempsey\"\nDempsey nailed the field goal with a couple of feet to spare. The win was one of only two for the Saints in that dismal season. For many years, it was believed that Saints quarterback Billy Kilmer was the holder of that historic kick, but photos of that day, as well as radio and television calls, revealed that Scarpati was actually the holder. With the kick, Dempsey broke Bert Rechichar's NFL record for longest field goal by seven yards. That record was equaled by Jason Elam in 1998, Sebastian Janikowski in 2011, and David Akers in 2012. On December 8,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19049975",
"chunk_text": "\"Field goal range\"\nboth end zones) is only 66 yards. Scaccia, while playing indoor football, attempted a 64-yard kick that was inches short of success, hitting the crossbar. Longer field goals have been attempted at times; the longest attempt in the NFL, which was well short and was kicked into the wind, was 76 yards, attempted by Sebastian Janikowski of the Oakland Raiders, in a September 28, 2008 game against the San Diego Chargers. NFL Europe rewarded kickers that successfully kicked a field goal of longer than 50 yards with a bonus point, making such field goals worth 4 points instead of 3;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7932390",
"chunk_text": "\"Garrett Lindholm\"\nGarrett Lindholm Garrett Lindholm (born August 10, 1988) is an American football placekicker who is currently a free agent. He played for Tarleton State in college. He is best known for kicking a 64-yard field goal to send Tarleton to overtime against Texas A&M–Kingsville in his senior season. Lindholm signed with the Atlanta Falcons in 2013, but was released in July. Lindholm was claimed off waivers by the Indianapolis Colts, where he played in 3 preseason games mostly as a kickoff specialist. He was released priors to the Colts 3rd preseason game. In 2011, Lindholm was assigned to the Milwaukee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4432776",
"chunk_text": "\"J. D. Roberts\"\nowner John Mecom on November 3, 1970, replacing Tom Fears after New Orleans began 1970 with a 1-5-1 record. His first game came five days later at Tulane Stadium against the Detroit Lions. The Saints won 19-17 when Tom Dempsey kicked a field goal, a record which broke the previous NFL mark by seven yards. Dempsey's record was tied by Jason Elam of the Denver Broncos in 1998; Sebastian Janikowski of the Oakland Raiders in 2011 and David Akers of the San Francisco 49ers in 2012, but nobody has bettered the mark until December 8, 2013; when Matt Prater of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2107431",
"chunk_text": "\"Kick Six\"\nother instances of blocked or missed field goals being returned for a touchdown, such as one occurring in an NFL game on November 30, 2015, as performed by the Baltimore Ravens against the Cleveland Browns. The term is a play on the term \"\"pick six\"\", which refers to an interception being returned for a touchdown. At the 2014 ESPY Awards, recognizing the greatest achievements in 2013, the 2013 Iron Bowl won the award for \"\"Best Game\"\". The other two nominees were Game Five of the 2014 Stanley Cup Finals and the Indianapolis Colts first round playoff victory. The game-winning touchdown",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8839426",
"chunk_text": "\"Bill McClard\"\nBill McClard Bill W. McClard (born October 15, 1950 in Purcell, Oklahoma) is a former professional football player. A kicker, McClard played college football for the University of Arkansas, where he was named American Football Coaches Association All-America after the 1970 season and by \"\"The Sporting News\"\" in 1971. He kicked a then-NCAA record 60-yard field goal in 1970. This was only about one week before Tom Dempsey, with his half-foot, kicked the first 60+-yard field goal in the NFL. Both were responsible for changes in rules regarding returning field goal attempts. Out of college, McClard was drafted in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4902452",
"chunk_text": "\"Scott Norwood\"\nScott Norwood Scott Allan Norwood (born July 17, 1960) is a former American football placekicker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons and spent the entirety of his career with the Buffalo Bills. He also played for the Birmingham Stallions in the United States Football League (USFL). An integral part of Buffalo's offense during the late 1980s and early 1990s, Norwood kicked in the team's first two Super Bowl appearances. Despite his accomplishments, he is best known for missing a game-winning field goal attempt at the end of Super Bowl XXV. Norwood was born in Alexandria,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_628
|
who is the coach of university of kentucky basketball?
|
n/a
|
[
"John Calipari",
"John Vincent Calipari"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17979414",
"chunk_text": "\"John Calipari\"\nJohn Calipari John Vincent Calipari (born February 10, 1959) is an American basketball coach. Since 2009, he has been the head coach of the University of Kentucky men's team, with whom he won the NCAA Championship in 2012. He has been named Naismith College Coach of the Year three times (in 1996, 2008 and 2015), and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2015. He was previously the head coach at the University of Massachusetts from 1988 to 1996, the NBA's New Jersey Nets from 1996 to 1999 and the University of Memphis from 2000 to 2009, and was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4447574",
"chunk_text": "\"John Calipari\"\nFinal Four standing vacated after Marcus Camby was ruled ineligible due to his contact with a sports agent. Overall record with vacated wins is 720–204 (.779) John Calipari John Vincent Calipari (born February 10, 1959) is an American basketball coach. Since 2009, he has been the head coach of the University of Kentucky men's team, with whom he won the NCAA Championship in 2012. He has been named Naismith College Coach of the Year three times (in 1996, 2008 and 2015), and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2015. He was previously the head coach at the University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10931086",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nKentucky Wildcats men's basketball The Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team is an American college basketball team that represents the University of Kentucky. Kentucky is the most successful NCAA Division I basketball program in history in terms of both all-time wins (2,263) and all-time winning percentage (.764). The Wildcats are currently coached by John Calipari. Kentucky leads all schools in total NCAA tournament appearances (58), NCAA tournament wins (126), NCAA Tournament games played (177), NCAA Sweet Sixteen appearances (43), NCAA Elite Eight appearances (37), and total postseason tournament appearances (65). Further, Kentucky has played in 17 NCAA Final Fours (tied for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2177581",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nTournament history. In the regional final Kentucky narrowly defeated Notre Dame 68 to 66. The only loss of the season was in the Final Four to Wisconsin, who Kentucky defeated the previous season in the Final Four. The 2014–15 team tied the NCAA record for most wins in a season (38). After the season Cauley-Stein and Towns were named consensus All-Americans among other awards received. The Wildcats have had 22 coaches in their 112-year history. John Calipari is the current coach. To date, 6 Wildcats coaches have won the National Coach-of-the-Year award: Adolph Rupp in 1950, 1954, 1959, 1966, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17896482",
"chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2018–19 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2018–19 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represents the University of Kentucky in the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team is playing its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 43rd consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The Wildcats, led by John Calipari in his 10th season as head coach, play in the Southeastern Conference. The Wildcats finished the 2017–18 season 26–11, 10–8 in SEC play to finish in a three-way tie for fourth. In the SEC Tournament, the Wildcats defeated Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee to win",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3854266",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats\"\n1951 and 1958. The Wildcats later won a fifth championship under Joe B. Hall in 1978, another in 1996 under Rick Pitino, in 1998 under Orlando \"\"Tubby\"\" Smith, and its most recent in 2012 under Coach John Calipari. Calipari has been the coach since the 2009–10 season. In 2007, the university unveiled the Joe Craft Center, a $30 million state-of-the-art basketball practice facility for both the men's and women's teams. Considered to be an elite NCAA basketball program, the University of Kentucky men's basketball team is the winningest program in the history of college basketball. The team was the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2527166",
"chunk_text": "\"Matthew Mitchell (basketball)\"\nMatthew Mitchell (basketball) Matthew LaMont Mitchell (born December 16, 1970) is an American college basketball coach, currently head coach for University of Kentucky women's basketball. Mitchell became the head coach of UK on April 23, 2007, succeeding former UK coach Mickie DeMoss. Prior to becoming the coach at Kentucky, Mitchell spent two years as the head coach at Morehead State. Mitchell started his coaching career as graduate assistant under Pat Summitt at Tennessee, and he also spent time as an assistant coach at Florida and Kentucky before becoming a head coach. Following the 2009–10 season, Mitchell was named the SEC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7429092",
"chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 42nd consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team, led by John Calipari in his ninth season as head coach, was a member of the Southeastern Conference. On January 22, 2018, following losses to South Carolina on the road, and to Florida at home, the Wildcats fell out of the AP rankings for the first time since March",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7429104",
"chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nstyle=|SEC Tournament !colspan=12 style=| NCAA Tournament <nowiki>*</nowiki>AP does not release post-NCAA Tournament rankings 2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2017–18 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 42nd consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team, led by John Calipari in his ninth season as head coach, was a member of the Southeastern Conference. On January 22, 2018, following losses to South Carolina on the road, and to Florida at home, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18685851",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Kentucky\"\nSmith in 1998. In 2007, the University of Kentucky named Billy Gillispie as the head coach of the men's basketball team and on March 30, 2009, the university named John Calipari as the head coach of the Wildcats. Calipari coached the team to its eighth national title in 2012. On December 21, 2009, the men's basketball team reached another milestone, becoming the first college basketball team to reach 2000 all-time wins. The 2000th win was an 88–44 victory over the Drexel Dragons. Kentucky was also the first school to reach the 1000 all-time wins, which they accomplished in 1969. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13526149",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Pitino\"\nRick Pitino Richard Andrew Pitino (born September 18, 1952) is a former American basketball coach. He has been the head coach of several teams in NCAA Division I and in the NBA, including Boston University (1978–1983), Providence College (1985–1987), the New York Knicks (1987–1989), the University of Kentucky (1989–1997), the Boston Celtics (1997–2001) and the University of Louisville (2001–2017). Pitino led Kentucky to the NCAA championship in 1996 and Louisville in 2013, although the latter was vacated by the NCAA. He is the only coach to lead three different schools (Providence, Kentucky, and Louisville) to a Final Four. Pitino is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10931088",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nwell as the most #1 NBA Draft picks (3). The Wildcats have also been led by many successful head coaches, including Adolph Rupp, Joe B. Hall, Eddie Sutton, Rick Pitino, Tubby Smith, and John Calipari. Kentucky is the only program with 5 different NCAA Championship coaches (Rupp, Hall, Pitino, Smith, Calipari). Three Kentucky coaches have been enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame: Rupp, Pitino, and Calipari. Former Wildcat players that have gone on to become head coaches include C.M. Newton, Pat Riley, Dan Issel, Dwane Casey, John Pelphrey, and Travis Ford. Records indicate that the first head",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3854267",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats\"\never Division I squad to reach 2,000 victories after defeating Drexel University on December 21, 2009. Kentucky also leads all NCAA schools in all-time winning percentage (.762) with an all-time record of 2111–661. The men's team has earned a total of eight NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championships, second only to UCLA's eleven championships. UK's eight championships were won by five different coaches – Adolph Rupp in 1948, 1949, 1951 and 1958, Joe B. Hall in 1978, Rick Pitino in 1996, Tubby Smith in 1998, and John Calipari in 2012. Kentucky's 1933 and 1954 teams were also awarded the Helms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11542825",
"chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 41st consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team, led by John Calipari in his eighth season as head coach, is a member of the Southeastern Conference. Edrice Adebayo, nicknamed \"\"Bam\"\" and originally from Pinetown, North Carolina, was a consensus top 15 player in his class. He committed to Kentucky on November 17, live on ESPN's \"\"Mike &",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2177582",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\n1970, Joe B. Hall in 1978, Eddie Sutton in 1986, Rick Pitino in 1990 and 1992, Tubby Smith in 1998, 2003, and 2005, and John Calipari in 2012 and 2015. Additionally, 7 Wildcats coaches have been named Southeastern Conference Coach-of-the-Year: Adolph Rupp in 1964, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971 and 1972, Joe B. Hall in 1973, 1975, 1978 and 1983, Eddie Sutton in 1986, Rick Pitino in 1990, 1991 and 1996, Tubby Smith in 1998, 2003, and 2005, Billy Gillispie in 2008, and John Calipari in 2010, 2012, and 2015. The following is a list of Kentucky's 8 National Championships:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18439573",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\ndid come just a double-overtime loss short of another Final Four appearance in 2005. On March 22, 2007, Smith resigned his position of UK Head Coach to accept the head coach position at the University of Minnesota. On April 6, 2007, Billy Gillispie was formally announced as the new head coach of the University of Kentucky by UK athletic director Mitch Barnhart. He fielded questions from the media during the press conference held at UK's new practice facility, the Joe Craft Center. He expressed his excitement and joy to be not only considered for the position but to have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4447562",
"chunk_text": "\"John Calipari\"\nworth $34.65 million over 8 years, plus incentives. On April 1, 2009, the University of Kentucky Director of Athletics, Mitch Barnhart, formally introduced John Calipari as the new coach of the University of Kentucky Wildcats. During the press conference, Calipari spoke at length about his relationships with former UK basketball players and coaches, and also in his difficulties in accepting the UK job, largely due to his deep emotional ties with both the city of Memphis and University of Memphis. Calipari stated, \"\"Coming to UK was the easy part, it was leaving the city of Memphis that was the hard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15347684",
"chunk_text": "\"John Pelphrey\"\nJohn Pelphrey John Leslie Pelphrey (born July 18, 1968) is an American college basketball coach, currently an assistant at the University of Alabama. After being named Kentucky's \"\"Mr. Basketball\"\" in 1987, he became a star college player at the University of Kentucky. After his playing career ended, Pelphrey became as an assistant coach under Eddie Sutton at Oklahoma State University. He was then hired to serve under Billy Donovan at Marshall University and followed him to Florida. Pelphrey took his first head coaching job in 2002, when he was hired by the University of South Alabama, and in 2007 he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3854268",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats\"\nnational championship, and his 1934, 1947, and 1948 teams were retroactively recognized as the national champion by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. The Wildcats also won two NIT Championships in 1946 and 1976. The program has garnered 45 SEC regular season titles. Since the 2009–10 season, John Calipari has coached the Wildcats with a \"\"one-and-done\"\" approach to recruiting, resulting in freshman-laden lineups - including a record 5 first round draft picks in the 2010 NBA Draft and 6 Wildcats taken in the 2012 NBA Draft. The very first University of Kentucky women's basketball team was organized in 1902, competing for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9514633",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan McHale\"\nIona and helped the team to 21 wins in his third season. He followed Willard to Seton Hall in 2010. He was hired at Minnesota in 2013 and spent two seasons as an assistant there, earning an NIT title in his first. In April 2015, he was hired as head coach at Eastern Kentucky, replacing Jeff Neubauer. He uses the full-court press and matchup zone defense he learned while an assistant for Rick Pitino. On February 26, 2018 Mchale was dismissed by EKU after three seasons. Dan McHale Dan McHale (born 1979) is an American college basketball coach. He served",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20591034",
"chunk_text": "\"Tony Barbee\"\nTony Barbee Anthony Michael \"\"Tony\"\" Barbee (born August 10, 1971) is an American college basketball coach, and an assistant coach for the Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball program. He previously served as the head coach at Auburn and UTEP. Barbee led UTEP to a Conference USA championship in 2010 and was named Conference USA Coach of the Year. Barbee played college basketball for Massachusetts under John Calipari, winning two Atlantic 10 regular season and tournament championships in 1992 and 1993. Barbee was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, and grew up as a fan of the nearby Butler University Bulldogs. Butler recruited him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3316081",
"chunk_text": "\"John Robic\"\nthe season. When Calipari accepted the head coach position at the University of Kentucky in 2009, Robic went with him as an assistant coach. Robic helped the Wildcats post a 35-3 mark in his inaugural season at Kentucky. The Cats made an appearance in the 2010 Elite Eight while claiming SEC regular season and tournament championships along the way. He helped UK make history when five Wildcats were drafted in the first round of the 2010 NBA Draft. Robic has been Calipari's assistant coach for a total of 20 years. John Robic John Robic (born August 10, 1963) is an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5854883",
"chunk_text": "\"2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2011–12 college basketball season. The team's head coach was John Calipari, who was in his third season after taking the Wildcats to their first Final Four in thirteen seasons. The team won the 2012 NCAA Championship, bringing Kentucky its eighth title. The team's 38 wins broke a record shared by 5 teams for the most wins in NCAA men's Division I history. Former Wildcats Josh Harrellson, Brandon Knight and DeAndre Liggins were all selected in the 2011 NBA Draft. Knight",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5854885",
"chunk_text": "\"2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2011–12 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2011–12 college basketball season. The team's head coach was John Calipari, who was in his third season after taking the Wildcats to their first Final Four in thirteen seasons. The team won the 2012 NCAA Championship, bringing Kentucky its eighth title. The team's 38 wins broke a record shared by 5 teams for the most wins in NCAA men's Division I history. Former Wildcats Josh Harrellson, Brandon Knight and DeAndre Liggins were all selected in the 2011 NBA Draft. Knight",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18685850",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Kentucky\"\nof the military department, Commandant Carbuiser, stated that the team had \"\"fought like wildcats.\"\" The slogan was later adopted by the university, and a costumed mascot debuted in 1976. In 1930, then-high school coach Adolph Rupp was hired as a basketball coach for the university. He had a career that would span 42 years until 1972. During his tenure, he led the men's basketball team to four NCAA championships in 1948, 1949, 1951 and 1958. The Wildcats later won a fifth championship under Joe B. Hall in 1978, another in 1996 under Rick Pitino and the next under Orlando \"\"Tubby\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18244310",
"chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2014–15 college basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky, United States for the 39th consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team was led by sixth-year head coach John Calipari. The team was a National Semifinalist in the NCAA Tournament, competing in the school's 17th Final Four. It was Calipari's fourth Final Four appearance at Kentucky. The team finished the regular season with a perfect 31–0 record, the best start in school",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2177568",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nwas due to more than wins and losses, citing \"\"philosophical differences\"\" and \"\"a clear gap in how the rules and responsibilities overseeing the program are viewed\"\". On April 1, 2009, John Calipari replaced former head coach Billy Gillispie as the Wildcats head coach. To begin his tenure at the University of Kentucky, John Calipari signed one of the best all time recruiting classes. The class was headlined by four five-star recruits: John Wall, DeMarcus Cousins, Daniel Orton, and Eric Bledsoe. On December 19, 2009, the Wildcats defeated Austin Peay 90–69 extending their record to 11–0, and John Calipari broke Adolph",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20190262",
"chunk_text": "\"Vince Tyra\"\nVince Tyra Vince Tyra is the athletic director at the University of Louisville. He has served in this position since March of 2018. Tyra replaced embattled Tom Jurich, who faced allegations of misconduct regarding the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball corruption scandal. Prior to his appointment, Tyra worked in private equity investing with the firm of Southgate Capital in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Mr. Tyra's father, Charlie Tyra, played basketball for the Louisville Cardinals men's basketball program from 1954-57 and is regarded as one of the greatest players in program history. On March 27, 2018, Tyra hired Chris Mack to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6776107",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Pitino\"\nsecond-place LSU instead.\"\" ^^^\"\"Pitino did not coach in one win (January 28, 2004 vs. Houston) due to medical leave, but is credited with the victory.\"\" ^^^^\"\"Louisville self-imposed ineligibility for the 2015–16 postseason due to an ongoing NCAA investigation.\"\" Rick Pitino Richard Andrew Pitino (born September 18, 1952) is a former American basketball coach. He has been the head coach of several teams in NCAA Division I and in the NBA, including Boston University (1978–1983), Providence College (1985–1987), the New York Knicks (1987–1989), the University of Kentucky (1989–1997), the Boston Celtics (1997–2001) and the University of Louisville (2001–2017). Pitino led Kentucky",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19268089",
"chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 40th consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team was led by John Calipari, in his seventh season. They were a member of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 27–9, 13–5 in SEC play to win a share of the SEC regular season championship. They defeated Alabama, Georgia, and Texas A&M to be champions of the SEC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11006440",
"chunk_text": "\"Western Kentucky Hilltoppers and Lady Toppers\"\nfor at least 5 years, effective immediately. This followed a police investigation into claims of assault and hazing by a former men's team member which in turn found multiple violations of university policies on harassment and sexual misconduct. The Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball program is nationally recognized, and one of the winningest programs in NCAA history. Rick Stansbury is the current head coach of the Hilltoppers. The program has over 1,600 victories, forty 20-win seasons, 38 Postseason Tournament Appearances and 28 All-Americans. During the 1980s, Coach Paul Sanderford built Western Kentucky Lady Toppers basketball into a national power, appearing in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18265423",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan McHale\"\nDan McHale Dan McHale (born 1979) is an American college basketball coach. He served as the head men's basketball coach at Eastern Kentucky University from 2015 to 2018. McHale, a native of Chatham, New Jersey, graduated from the University of Kentucky in 2001 and was a student basketball manager there. He was a staff assistant at Louisville from 2002 to 2004. McHale spent a season at Manhattan as the director of operations before returning to Louisville as the director of video operations. In 2007, he was hired as an assistant at Iona under Kevin Willard. McHale recruited Scott Machado to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8699018",
"chunk_text": "\"Adolph Rupp\"\nthat night was promoted as \"\"Adolph Rupp Night\"\". He is buried in Lexington Cemetery. Rupp Arena, the current home of the Kentucky men's basketball team, is named in his honor. Adolph Rupp Adolph Frederick Rupp (September 2, 1901 – December 10, 1977) was an American college basketball coach. Rupp is ranked fifth (behind Mike Krzyzewski, Jim Boeheim, Bob Knight, and Dean Smith) in total victories by a men's NCAA Division I college coach, winning 876 games in 41 years of coaching at the University of Kentucky. He played college basketball at the University of Kansas under Hall of Fame coach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8053473",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe B. Hall\"\nJoe B. Hall Joe Beasman Hall (born November 30, 1928) was the head basketball coach at the University of Kentucky from 1972 to 1985. He previously coached at Central Missouri State University and Regis University before returning to Kentucky in 1965 to serve as an assistant coach under Adolph Rupp. Hall was given a difficult task—to follow in the footsteps of his legendary predecessor, Adolph Rupp. In the 1978 NCAA Tournament, he coached the Wildcats to their fifth NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship. He was named National Coach of the Year in 1978 and Southeastern Conference Coach of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10931134",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nfor up to two years. However, school president David Roselle forced Sutton and athletic director Cliff Hagan to resign. The Wildcats were slapped with three years' probation, a two-year ban from postseason play and a ban from live television in 1989–90. In 1989, Rick Pitino left the NBA's New York Knicks and became the coach at a Kentucky program reeling from the aforementioned scandal. Kentucky would be banned from the 1990 and 1991 post season, with the 1990 season suffering a 14–14 record. Kentucky would improve in 1991 with a beavy of home-grown upperclassmen such as Sean Woods, John Pelphrey,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15943186",
"chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nconsensus status. On April 7, 2017, Malik Monk won the Jerry West Award, which is awarded to the nation's top shooting guard of the year. Monk beat out Duke's Luke Kennard, UCLA's Bryce Alford, and Creighton's Marcus Foster for the award. 2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2016–17 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky for the 41st consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team, led by John Calipari in his eighth season",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18439587",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nthey defeated Kansas 67–59, winning UK's 8th NCAA championship, along with John Calipari's first NCAA Championship as a head coach. This Kentucky team had a record six players drafted in the 2012 NBA draft, including the first time two teammates have been chosen with the first two picks: Anthony Davis (1st overall), Michael Kidd-Gilchrist (2nd), Terrence Jones (18th), Marquis Teague (29th), Doron Lamb (42nd) and Darius Miller (46th). The 2012–13 season's recruiting class ranked either first or second by various recruiting experts led by top center Nerlens Noel, guard Archie Goodwin, forward Alex Poythress, and four-star center Willie Cauley-Stein. Kentucky",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9345835",
"chunk_text": "\"Adolph Rupp\"\nAdolph Rupp Adolph Frederick Rupp (September 2, 1901 – December 10, 1977) was an American college basketball coach. Rupp is ranked fifth (behind Mike Krzyzewski, Jim Boeheim, Bob Knight, and Dean Smith) in total victories by a men's NCAA Division I college coach, winning 876 games in 41 years of coaching at the University of Kentucky. He played college basketball at the University of Kansas under Hall of Fame coach Phog Allen. Rupp is also second among all men's college coaches in all-time winning percentage (.822), trailing only Clair Bee. Rupp was enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5922875",
"chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nHarrison twins (Aaron and Andrew), Johnson, Lyles, and Towns. On April 13, assistant coach Barry Rohrssen left the team to join the St. John's staff under new head coach Chris Mullin. On April 23 Poythress announced that he would return to Kentucky for his senior season. On April 28 Mulder announced his decision to attend Kentucky at press conference. On May 22 Tony Barbee, who served as special assistant to Calipari in 2015, was officially announced as Rohrssen's replacement on Calipari's staff. On June 24 Murray announced his decision to Kentucky televised on Canada's TSN, donning a Canadian flag. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8053281",
"chunk_text": "\"Tubby Smith\"\nTubby Smith Orlando Henry \"\"Tubby\"\" Smith (born June 30, 1951) is an American college basketball coach. He was recently hired as the men's basketball coach at High Point University, his alma mater. Smith previously served in the same role at the University of Tulsa, the University of Georgia, the University of Kentucky, the University of Minnesota, Texas Tech University, and the University of Memphis. With Kentucky, he coached the Wildcats to the 1998 NCAA championship. In his 27 years as a head coach, Smith has achieved 25 winning seasons. In 2005, he joined Roy Williams, Nolan Richardson, Denny Crum and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18439586",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nNCAA Tournament. Kentucky was both selected as the No. 1 seed in the South Region and also the No. 1 seed overall of the entire NCAA Tournament. The Sweet 16 match-up on March 23, 2012 was a rematch against Indiana, in which this time the Wildcats prevailed over the Hoosiers 102–90. On March 25, 2012, Kentucky won the South Regional, setting up a Final Four semifinal with the Louisville Cardinals. Calipari's Wildcats defeated the Cardinals (coached by former Kentucky coach Rick Pitino) by a score of 69–61. This sent Kentucky to the National Championship game against the Kansas Jayhawks, where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20190264",
"chunk_text": "\"Vince Tyra\"\nLouisville Cardinals football team, replacing the fired Bobby Petrino. Vince Tyra Vince Tyra is the athletic director at the University of Louisville. He has served in this position since March of 2018. Tyra replaced embattled Tom Jurich, who faced allegations of misconduct regarding the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball corruption scandal. Prior to his appointment, Tyra worked in private equity investing with the firm of Southgate Capital in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Mr. Tyra's father, Charlie Tyra, played basketball for the Louisville Cardinals men's basketball program from 1954-57 and is regarded as one of the greatest players in program history.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2177541",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nthe University of Kentucky retired a jersey in his honor in the rafters of Rupp Arena, a 23,500-seat arena named after him, dedicated in 1976. Joe B. Hall was the head basketball coach at Kentucky from 1972 to 1985. Although he had been an assistant at Kentucky since 1965, Coach Hall was given a difficult task: to follow in the footsteps of his legendary predecessor, Adolph Rupp. In the 1978 NCAA Tournament, he coached the Wildcats to their fifth NCAA championship. He was named National Coach of the Year in 1978 and SEC Coach of the Year on four different",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "198506",
"chunk_text": "\"2012–13 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nstyle=\"\"background:#005DAA; color:white;\"\"| Exhibition !colspan=12 style=\"\"background:#005DAA; color:white;\"\"| Non-conference regular season !colspan=12 style=\"\"background:#005DAA; color:white;\"\"| SEC regular season !colspan=12 style=\"\"background:#005DAA;\"\"| SEC Tournament !colspan=12 style=\"\"background:#005DAA;\"\"| National Invitation Tournament 2012–13 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2012–13 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2012–13 college basketball season. The team's head coach was John Calipari, who was in his fourth season. They played their home games at Rupp Arena and were members of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 21–12, 12–6 in SEC play to finish in a three way tie for second place. They lost in the quarterfinals",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3236666",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Pollio\"\nMike Pollio Mike Pollio (born May 12, 1943) is an American former basketball coach and college athletics administrator. He was the head men's basketball coach at Kentucky Wesleyan College from 1980 to 1985, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) from 1985 to 1989, and Eastern Kentucky University from 1989 to 1992, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 233–105. At Kentucky Wesleyan, he also served as athletic director, reviving the Kentucky Wesleyan Panthers football program in 1983 after a 53-year hiatus. From 2002 until June 2010, he was the commissioner of the Mid-South Conference. Pollio is a graduate of Bellarmine College.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3236667",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Pollio\"\nMike Pollio Mike Pollio (born May 12, 1943) is an American former basketball coach and college athletics administrator. He was the head men's basketball coach at Kentucky Wesleyan College from 1980 to 1985, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) from 1985 to 1989, and Eastern Kentucky University from 1989 to 1992, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 233–105. At Kentucky Wesleyan, he also served as athletic director, reviving the Kentucky Wesleyan Panthers football program in 1983 after a 53-year hiatus. From 2002 until June 2010, he was the commissioner of the Mid-South Conference. Pollio is a graduate of Bellarmine College.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16885930",
"chunk_text": "\"Inside the Madness: Kentucky Basketball\"\nInside the Madness: Kentucky Basketball Inside the Madness: Kentucky Basketball is an American reality web television series that premiered on February 17, 2018 on Facebook Watch. It follows the players of the University of Kentucky Men's Basketball team as they make their way through their current basketball season and gear up for the upcoming NCAA tournament. \"\"Inside the Madness: Kentucky Basketball\"\" give viewers \"\"unprecedented access to the team and head coach John Calipari as they navigate through the season, prepare for the NCAA Tournament run and shape young men for the rest of their lives.\"\" On February 14, 2018, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "758843",
"chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\n(Davis and Wall) in Kentucky history taken first in the draft. The four players taken in the lottery tied the record for most players taken from one school in the lottery (North Carolina, 2005). 2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team The 2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Kentucky in the 2014–15 college basketball season. The team played its home games in Lexington, Kentucky, United States for the 39th consecutive season at Rupp Arena, with a capacity of 23,500. The team was led by sixth-year head coach John Calipari. The team was a National Semifinalist in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19777863",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Kentucky\"\nDance Association. Other athletic programs sponsored at the varsity level include baseball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cross country running, football, men's and women's golf, women's gymnastics, the coeducational sport of rifle, men's and women's soccer, women's softball, men's and women's swimming and diving, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's track and field and women's volleyball. The school also has a popular club-level men's ice hockey team and a rugby program that competes at the Division 1 level. The University of Kentucky football coach is Mark Stoops, named the successor to Joker Phillips, who was the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18437755",
"chunk_text": "\"Denny Crum\"\nDenny Crum Denzel Edwin \"\"Denny\"\" Crum (born March 2, 1937) is a former American men's college basketball coach at the University of Louisville in Kentucky from 1971 to 2001, compiling a 675–295 record. He guided the Cardinals to two NCAA championships (1980, 1986) and six Final Fours. Honored in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame since 1994, Crum is one of the major figures in the history of sports in Kentucky and in college basketball in general. As the head coach at U of L, Crum is widely credited with pioneering the now-common strategy of scheduling tough non-conference match-ups",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_629
|
where does the papillary layer of the skin lie?
|
n/a
|
[
"adjacent to the epidermis"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14169355",
"chunk_text": "Skin\nthrough a basement membrane and is structurally divided into two areas: a superficial area adjacent to the epidermis, called the \"\"papillary region\"\", and a deep thicker area known as the \"\"reticular region\"\". The papillary region is composed of loose areolar connective tissue.This is named for its fingerlike projections called \"\"papillae\"\" that extend toward the epidermis. The papillae provide the dermis with a \"\"bumpy\"\" surface that interdigitates with the epidermis, strengthening the connection between the two layers of skin. The reticular region lies deep in the papillary region and is usually much thicker. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7679299",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nuppermost layer of the dermis. It intertwines with the rete ridges of the epidermis and is composed of fine and loosely arranged collagen fibers. The papillary region is composed of loose areolar connective tissue. This is named for its fingerlike projections called \"\"papillae\"\", that extend toward the epidermis and contain either terminal networks of blood capillaries or tactile Meissner's corpuscles. The reticular dermis is the lower layer of the dermis, found under the papillary dermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue featuring densely packed collagen fibers. It is the primary location of dermal elastic fibers. The reticular region is usually",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "332066",
"chunk_text": "\"Human skin\"\nthe epidermis, called the \"\"papillary region\"\", and a deep thicker area known as the \"\"reticular region\"\". The papillary region is composed of loose areolar connective tissue. It is named for its fingerlike projections called \"\"papillae\"\", that extend toward the epidermis. The papillae provide the dermis with a \"\"bumpy\"\" surface that interdigitates with the epidermis, strengthening the connection between the two layers of skin. In the palms, fingers, soles, and toes, the influence of the papillae projecting into the epidermis forms contours in the skin's surface. These epidermal ridges occur in patterns (\"\"see:\"\" fingerprint) that are genetically and epigenetically determined and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7679303",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nmembranes, the equivalent structures to dermal papillae are generally termed \"\"connective tissue papillae\"\", which interdigitate with the rete pegs of the superficial epithelium. Dermis The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. It is divided into two layers, the superficial area adjacent to the epidermis called the papillary region and a deep thicker area known as the reticular dermis. The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis through a basement",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7679297",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nDermis The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. It is divided into two layers, the superficial area adjacent to the epidermis called the papillary region and a deep thicker area known as the reticular dermis. The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis through a basement membrane. Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix. It also contains mechanoreceptors that provide the sense of touch",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7679300",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nmuch thicker than the overlying papillary dermis. It receives its name from the dense concentration of collagenous, elastic, and reticular fibers that weave throughout it. These protein fibers give the dermis its properties of strength, extensibility, and elasticity. Within the reticular region are the roots of the hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, receptors, nails, and blood vessels. The orientation of collagen fibers within the reticular dermis creates lines of tension called Langer's lines, which are of some relevance in surgery and wound healing. The dermal papillae (DP) (singular \"\"papilla\"\", diminutive of Latin \"\"papula\"\", 'pimple') are small, nipple-like extensions (or interdigitations)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14073857",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nof the dermis into the epidermis. At the surface of the skin in hands and feet, they appear as epidermal or papillary ridges (colloquially known as fingerprints). Blood vessels in the dermal papillae nourish all hair follicles and bring nutrients and oxygen to the lower layers of epidermal cells. The pattern of ridges they produce in hands and feet are partly genetically determined features that develop before birth. They remain substantially unaltered (except in size) throughout life, and therefore determine the patterns of fingerprints, making them useful in certain functions of personal identification. The dermal papillae are part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7679302",
"chunk_text": "Dermis\nuppermost layer of the dermis, the papillary dermis, and the ridges they form greatly increase the surface area between the dermis and epidermis. Because the main function of the dermis is to support the epidermis, this greatly increases the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between these two layers. Additionally, the increase in surface area prevents the dermal and epidermal layers from separating from each other by strengthening the junction between them. With age, the papillae tend to flatten and sometimes increase in number. Dermal papillae also play a pivotal role in hair formation, growth and cycling. In mucous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15945544",
"chunk_text": "\"Skin condition\"\ncorneum. The dermis is the layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, and comprises two sections, the papillary dermis and the reticular dermis. The superficial papillary dermis interdigitates with the overlying rete ridges of the epidermis, between which the two layers interact through the basement membrane zone. Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and ground substance also called extra fibrillar matrix. Within these components are the pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles, and the eccrine and apocrine glands. The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface—one superficial and one deep plexus—which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3113964",
"chunk_text": "\"Stratum lucidum\"\nStratum lucidum The stratum lucidum (Latin for \"\"clear layer\"\") is a thin, clear layer of dead skin cells in the epidermis named for its translucent appearance under a microscope. It is readily visible by light microscopy only in areas of thick skin, which are found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Located between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. The keratinocytes of the stratum lucidum do not feature distinct boundaries and are filled with eleidin, an intermediate form of keratin. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13398288",
"chunk_text": "Skin\ndue to their influence over the lumen (space inside the tube) of the duct with dilation and constriction functions during secretions. The cells are found radially around the duct and provide a distinct attachment site for muscle fibers around the gland's body. The gland alveolus is a sac that is divided into three specific regions/layers. The outer layer or tunica fibrosa is composed of densely packed connective-tissue which connects with fibers from the spongy intermediate layer where elastic fibers as well as nerves reside. The nerves send signals to the muscles as well as the epithelial layers. Lastly, the epithelium",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11578141",
"chunk_text": "Skin\nlayers of the skin. It forms a protective barrier over the body's surface, responsible for keeping water in the body and preventing pathogens from entering, and is a stratified squamous epithelium, composed of proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes. Keratinocytes are the major cells, constituting 95% of the epidermis, while Merkel cells, melanocytes and Langerhans cells are also present. The epidermis can be further subdivided into the following \"\"strata\"\" or layers (beginning with the outermost layer): Keratinocytes in the stratum basale proliferate through mitosis and the daughter cells move up the strata changing shape and composition as they undergo multiple",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "332065",
"chunk_text": "\"Human skin\"\nthe layer of skin beneath the epidermis that consists of connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis by a basement membrane. It also harbors many nerve endings that provide the sense of touch and heat. It contains the hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels. The blood vessels in the dermis provide nourishment and waste removal from its own cells as well as from the Stratum basale of the epidermis. The dermis is structurally divided into two areas: a superficial area adjacent to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9125486",
"chunk_text": "Epithelium\nin the cytokeratin group are almost exclusively found in epithelial cells, and so are often used for this purpose. Carcinomas develop in epithelial tissues. Sarcomas develop in connective tissue. When epithelial cells or tissues are damaged from cystic fibrosis, sweat glands are also damaged, causing a frosty coating of the skin. The word \"\"epithelium\"\" uses the Greek roots ἐπί (\"\"epi\"\"), \"\"on\"\" or \"\"upon\"\", and θηλή (\"\"thēlē\"\"), \"\"nipple\"\". Epithelium is so called because the name was originally used to describe the translucent covering of small \"\"nipples\"\" of tissue on the lip. The word has both mass and count senses; the plural",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13398284",
"chunk_text": "Skin\nalveolar gland (sac). Structurally, the duct is derived via keratinocytes and passes through to the surface of the epidermal or outer skin layer thus allowing external secretions of the body. The gland alveolus is a sac shaped structure which is found on the bottom or base region of the granular gland. The cells in this sac specialize in secretion. Between the alveolar gland and the duct is the intercalary system which can be summed up as a transitional region connecting the duct to the grand alveolar beneath the epidermal skin layer. In general, granular glands are larger in size than",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8606786",
"chunk_text": "Epidermis\nof the junctions, the actin immunofluorescence appears as a border between cells. The epidermis is composed of 4 or 5 layers, depending on the region of skin being considered. Those layers in descending order are: The Malpighian layer (\"\"stratum malpighi\"\") is both the stratum basale and stratum spinosum. The epidermis is separated from the dermis, its underlying tissue, by a basement membrane. As a stratified squamous epithelium, the epidermis is maintained by cell division within the stratum basale. Differentiating cell delaminate from the basement membrane and are displaced outwards through the epidermal layers, undergoing multiple stages of differentiation until, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8347166",
"chunk_text": "\"Stratum basale\"\nhyper-proliferative epidermis (from a skin disease). The \"\"stratum basale\"\" is primarily made up of basal keratinocyte stem cells, which can be considered the stem cells of the epidermis. They divide to form the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum, which migrate superficially. Other types of cells found within the \"\"stratum basale\"\" are melanocytes (pigment-producing cells), Langerhans cells (immune cells), and Merkel cells (touch receptors). Stratum basale The stratum basale (basal layer, sometimes referred to as stratum germinativum) is the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, the outer covering of skin in mammals. The \"\"stratum basale\"\" is a single",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19991009",
"chunk_text": "\"Papilla (fish anatomy)\"\nThe papillae of the fish, and the taste buds found on them, are therefore located on the interior or exterior surfaces of the mouth. Most typically, these are found on the floor of the mouth, or on the upper lip. Papilla (fish anatomy) The papilla, in certain kinds of fish, particularly rays, sharks, and catfish, are small lumps of dermal tissue found in the mouth, where they are \"\"distributed uniformly on the tongue, palate, and pharynx\"\". They \"\"project slightly above the surrounding multi-layered epithelium\"\", and the taste buds of the fish are \"\"situated along the crest or at the apex",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15945542",
"chunk_text": "\"Skin condition\"\nWithin the latter type, hairs in structures called pilosebaceous units have a hair follicle, sebaceous gland, and associated arrector pili muscle. In the embryo, the epidermis, hair, and glands are from the ectoderm, which is chemically influenced by the underlying mesoderm that forms the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. The epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin, a squamous epithelium with several strata: the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale. Nourishment is provided to these layers via diffusion from the dermis, since the epidermis is without direct blood supply. The epidermis contains four cell types:",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9125473",
"chunk_text": "Epithelium\nEpithelium Epithelium () is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the outer surfaces of organs and blood vessels throughout the body, as well as the inner surfaces of cavities in many internal organs. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. There are three principal shapes of epithelial cell: squamous, columnar, and cuboidal. These can be arranged in a single layer of cells as simple epithelium, either squamous, columnar, or cuboidal, or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1160725",
"chunk_text": "\"Head and neck anatomy\"\nthe atlas near the foramen magnum, a large hole () at the base of the skull. The atlas joins with the occipital condyle above and the axis below. The spinal cord passes through the foramen magnum. The head and neck is covered in skin and its appendages, termed the integumentary system. These include hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and sensory nerves. The skin is made up of three microscopic layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and is divided into the following five sublayers or strata, listed in order from outer to inner: The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4091105",
"chunk_text": "\"Spinous cell\"\nSpinous cell Spinous cells, or prickle cells, are keratin producing epidermal cells owing their prickly appearance to their numerous intracellular connections. They make up the stratum spinosum (prickly layer) of the epidermis and provide a continuous net-like layer of protection for underlying tissue. They are susceptible to mutations caused by sunlight and can become malignant. Spinous cells are found in the superficial layers of the skin. They are found in the stratum spinosum (prickly layer, spinosum layer), which lies above the stratum basale (basal layer) and below the stratum granulosum (granular layer) of the epidermis. The spinous cells are arranged",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6269762",
"chunk_text": "Lip\nis called the vermilion zone. The vermilion border of the upper lip is known as the cupid's bow. The fleshy protuberance located in the center of the upper lip is a tubercle known by various terms including the procheilon (also spelled \"\"prochilon\"\"), the \"\"tuberculum labii superioris\"\", and the \"\"labial tubercle\"\". The vertical groove extending from the procheilon to the nasal septum is called the philtrum. The skin of the lip, with three to five cellular layers, is very thin compared to typical face skin, which has up to 16 layers. With light skin color, the lip skin contains fewer melanocytes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "876687",
"chunk_text": "\"Stratum basale\"\nStratum basale The stratum basale (basal layer, sometimes referred to as stratum germinativum) is the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, the outer covering of skin in mammals. The \"\"stratum basale\"\" is a single layer of columnar or cuboidal cells. The cells are attached to each other and to the overlying stratum spinosum cells by desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. The nucleus is large, ovoid and occupies most of the cell. Some basal cells can act like stem cells with ability to divide and produced new cells , whereas others serve to anchor the epidermis glabrous skin (hairless), and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14923852",
"chunk_text": "Epidermis\nof the epidermis. The word epidermis is derived through Latin , itself and . Something related to or part of the epidermis is termed epidermal. The human epidermis is a familiar example of epithelium, particularly a stratified squamous epithelium The epidermis primarily consists of keratinocytes (proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal), which comprise 90% of its cells, but also contains melanocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells, and inflammatory cells. Epidermal thickenings called Rete ridges (or rete pegs) extend downward between dermal papillae. Blood capillaries are found beneath the epidermis, and are linked to an arteriole and a venule. The epidermis itself has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14923851",
"chunk_text": "Epidermis\nEpidermis The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that make up the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss. The epidermis is composed of multiple layers of flattened cells that overlie a base layer (stratum basale) composed of columnar cells arranged perpendicularly. The rows of cells develop from stem cells in the basal layer. Cellular mechanisms for regulating water and sodium levels (ENaCs) are found in all layers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16846158",
"chunk_text": "\"Sebaceous gland\"\nthe hair shaft. The structure consisting of hair, hair follicle, arrector pili muscles, and sebaceous gland is an epidermal invagination known as a \"\"pilosebaceous unit\"\". Sebaceous glands are also found in hairless areas (glabrous skin) of the eyelids, nose, penis, labia minora, the inner mucosal membrane of the cheek, and nipples. Some sebaceous glands have unique names. Sebaceous glands on the lip and mucosa of the cheek, and on the genitalia, are known as Fordyce spots, and glands on the eyelids are known as meibomian glands. Sebaceous glands of the breast are also known as Montgomery's glands. Sebaceous glands are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11177241",
"chunk_text": "Epidermis\nThis inner layer is a germinal epithelium that gives rise to all epidermal cells. It divides to form the outer spinous layer (\"\"stratum spinosum\"\"). The cells of these two layers, together called the Malpighian layer(s) after Marcello Malpighi, divide to form the superficial granular layer (\"\"Stratum granulosum\"\") of the epidermis. The cells in the stratum granulosum do not divide, but instead form skin cells called keratinocytes from the granules of keratin. These skin cells finally become the cornified layer (\"\"stratum corneum\"\"), the outermost epidermal layer, where the cells become flattened sacks with their nuclei located at one end of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531144",
"chunk_text": "\"Integumentary system\"\nthe areolar connective tissue. The other is the reticular layer which is the deep layer of the dermis and consists of the dense irregular connective tissue. These layers serve to give elasticity to the integument, allowing stretching and conferring flexibility, while also resisting distortions, wrinkling, and sagging. The dermal layer provides a site for the endings of blood vessels and nerves. Many chromatophores are also stored in this layer, as are the bases of integumental structures such as hair, feathers, and glands. The hypodermis, otherwise known as the subcutaneous layer, is a layer beneath the skin. It invaginates into the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19991008",
"chunk_text": "\"Papilla (fish anatomy)\"\nPapilla (fish anatomy) The papilla, in certain kinds of fish, particularly rays, sharks, and catfish, are small lumps of dermal tissue found in the mouth, where they are \"\"distributed uniformly on the tongue, palate, and pharynx\"\". They \"\"project slightly above the surrounding multi-layered epithelium\"\", and the taste buds of the fish are \"\"situated along the crest or at the apex of the papillae\"\". Unlike humans, fish have little or nothing in the way of a tongue, and those that have such an organ do not use it for tasting, but merely for cushioning the mouth and manipulating things within it.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6740041",
"chunk_text": "Papilloma\nis no evidence that papillomas are premalignant. Note: differentiation is done accurately by microscopic examination only. With conservative surgical excision, recurrence is rare. Papilloma A papilloma (plural papillomas or papillomata) (\"\"papillo-\"\" + \"\"-oma\"\") is a benign epithelial tumor growing exophytically (outwardly projecting) in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds. In this context papilla refers to the projection created by the tumor, not a tumor on an already existing papilla (such as the nipple). When used without context, it frequently refers to infections (squamous cell papilloma) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), such as warts. Human papillomavirus infection is a major cause of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13020542",
"chunk_text": "\"Human skin\"\nunderlying basal lamina. The epidermis contains no blood vessels, and cells in the deepest layers are nourished almost exclusively by diffused oxygen from the surrounding air and to a far lesser degree by blood capillaries extending to the outer layers of the dermis. The main type of cells which make up the epidermis are Merkel cells, keratinocytes, with melanocytes and Langerhans cells also present. The epidermis can be further subdivided into the following \"\"strata\"\" (beginning with the outermost layer): corneum, lucidum (only in palms of hands and bottoms of feet), granulosum, spinosum, basale. Cells are formed through mitosis at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8490160",
"chunk_text": "\"Squamous cell papilloma\"\nSquamous cell papilloma A squamous cell papilloma is a generally benign papilloma that arises from the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin, lip, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, cervix, vagina or anal canal. Squamous cell papillomas are typically associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) while for others the cause is unknown. Squamous cell papilloma of the mouth or throat is generally diagnosed in people between the ages of 30 and 50, and is normally found on the inside of the cheek, on the tongue, or inside of lips. Oral papillomas are usually painless, and not treated unless they interfere with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4116817",
"chunk_text": "\"Stratum corneum\"\nStratum corneum The stratum corneum (Latin for 'horny layer') is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead cells (corneocytes). This layer is composed of 15–20 layers of flattened cells with no nuclei and cell organelles. Their cytoplasm shows filamentous keratin. These corneocytes are embedded in a lipid matrix composed of ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids. The stratum corneum functions to form a barrier to protect underlying tissue from infection, dehydration, chemicals and mechanical stress. Desquamation, the process of cell shedding from the surface of the \"\"stratum corneum\"\", balances proliferating keratinocytes that form in the \"\"stratum basale\"\". These cells",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6547292",
"chunk_text": "\"Role of skin in locomotion\"\nand accessory areas for the patagia of a Ptychozoon kuhli, flying gecko, exhibiting the passive gliding mechanism consists of five layers; a layer of adipose tissue is surrounded by a layer of dermis on each side (ventral and dorsal) and a layer of epidermis is external to the two dermal layers. The distribution of the adipose tissue IS thickest close to the body wall. This thick layer of adipose tissue at close to the body wall is believed to provide a \"\"safety factor\"\" for the structural elements of the skin ( i.e. collagen fibers) near the body wall. The thick",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3113965",
"chunk_text": "\"Stratum lucidum\"\nare surrounded by an oily substance that is the result of the exocytosis of lamellar bodies accumulated while the keratinocytes are moving through the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. The thickness of the stratum lucidum is controlled by the rate of mitosis (division) of the epidermal cells. Melanosomes in the stratum basale determine the darkness of the stratum lucidum. Stratum lucidum The stratum lucidum (Latin for \"\"clear layer\"\") is a thin, clear layer of dead skin cells in the epidermis named for its translucent appearance under a microscope. It is readily visible by light microscopy only in areas of thick",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "332057",
"chunk_text": "\"Human skin\"\nHuman skin The human skin is the outer covering of the body. In humans, it is the largest organ of the integumentary system. The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs. Human skin is similar to most of the other mammals skin, and human skin is very similar to pig skin. Though nearly all human skin is covered with hair follicles, it can appear hairless. There are two general types of skin, hairy and glabrous skin (hairless). The adjective cutaneous literally means \"\"of the skin\"\" (from Latin \"\"cutis\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20515107",
"chunk_text": "\"Frontal shield\"\nthat connects the structure to the maxilla. This layer is supplied with blood via vessel-containing dermal papillae. It has been observed to resemble the texture of calloused human skin. The corium is a thick, dense mass of connective tissue fibers that makes up the largest portion of the frontal plate. It contains layers of cells that aide in enlarging or flattening the structure. The corium may also be pigmented, but is clearly delineated from the callus by size and texture. A posterior muscle attachment and cell layers within the corium allow it to change shape between enlarged, semi-enlarged, and flattened.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4003717",
"chunk_text": "\"Venous lake\"\nVenous lake A venous lake (also known as \"\"Phlebectasis\"\") is a generally solitary, soft, compressible, dark blue to violaceous, 0.2- to 1-cm papule commonly found on sun-exposed surfaces of the vermilion border of the lip, face and ears. Lesions generally occur among the elderly. Though these lesions may resemble nodular melanoma, the lack of induration, slow growth, and lightening appearance upon diascopy suggest against it, and indicate a vascular lesion. Additionally, lack of pulsation distinguishes this lesion of the lower lip from a tortuous segment of the inferior labial artery. The cause is unknown; however it is thought to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531140",
"chunk_text": "\"Integumentary system\"\norgan of the body. In humans, it accounts for about 12 to 15 percent of total body weight and covers 1.5-2m of surface area. The human skin (integument) is composed of at least two major layers of tissue: the epidermis and dermis. (The hypodermis or subcutaneous layer is not part of the skin.) The epidermis is the outermost layer, providing the initial barrier to the external environment. Beneath this, the dermis comprises two sections, the papillary and reticular layers, and contains connective tissues, vessels, glands, follicles, hair roots, sensory nerve endings, and muscular tissue. The deepest layer, the hypodermis, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12753798",
"chunk_text": "Skin\ngland initially maintain a cylindrical shape. However, when the ducts become mature and full of toxic fluid, the base of the ducts become swollen due to the pressure from the inside. This causes the epidermal layer to form a pit like opening on the surface of the duct in which the inner fluid will be secreted in an upwards fashion. The intercalary region of granular glands are more developed and mature in comparison with mucous glands. This region resides as a ring of cells surrounding the basal portion of the duct which are argued to have an ectodermal muscular nature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11156952",
"chunk_text": "Keratohyalin\nKeratohyalin Keratohyalin also known as the glandular layer, is a protein structure found in granules in the stratum granulosum of the epidermis, which may be involved in keratinization, and in Hassall's corpuscles in the thymus. In H&E stained sections, they are large deeply stained granules found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in keratinized oral mucosa. Keratohyalin is associated with eleidin, the intermediate between keratohyalin and keratin; histological location is in the stratum lucidum, thick skin. In the stratum granulosum, the \"\"grainy\"\" third layer of the human epidermis, the protein Keratohyalin forms dense cytoplasmic granules that promote dehydration of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18320478",
"chunk_text": "\"Apocrine sweat gland\"\nApocrine sweat gland An apocrine sweat gland (; from Greek \"\"apo–\"\" \"\"away\"\" and \"\"krinein\"\" \"\"to separate\"\") is composed of a coiled secretory portion located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into the infundibular portion of the hair follicle. In humans, apocrine sweat glands are found only in certain locations of the body: the axillae (armpits), areola and nipples of the breast, ear canal, eyelids, wings of the nostril, perianal region, and some parts of the external genitalia. Modified apocrine glands include the ciliary glands in the eyelids; the ceruminous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18312675",
"chunk_text": "\"Papillary muscle\"\nPapillary muscle The papillary muscles are muscles located in the ventricles of the heart. They attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves (also known as the mitral and tricuspid valves) via the chordae tendineae and contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves on systole (or ventricular contraction). The papillary muscles constitute about 10% of the total heart mass. There are five total papillary muscles in the heart; three in the right ventricle and two in the left. The anterior, posterior, and septal papillary muscles of the right ventricle each attach via chordae tendineae to the tricuspid valve.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1502815",
"chunk_text": "\"Subcutaneous tissue\"\nSubcutaneous tissue The subcutaneous tissue (), also called the hypodermis, hypoderm (), subcutis, or superficial fascia, is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. The types of cells found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. The hypodermis is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. In arthropods, the hypodermis is an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle. The term also refers to a layer of cells lying immediately below the epidermis of plants. The hypodermis is beneath dermis which is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1096153",
"chunk_text": "\"Papillary duct\"\nPapillary duct Papillary (collecting) ducts are anatomical structures of the kidneys, previously known as the ducts of Bellini. Papillary ducts represent the most distal portion of the collecting duct . They receive renal filtrate (precursor to urine) from several medullary collecting ducts and empty into a minor calyx. Papillary ducts continue the work of water reabsorption and electrolyte balance initiated in the collecting tubules. Medullary collecting ducts converge to form a central (papillary) duct near the apex of each renal pyramid. This \"\"papillary duct\"\" exits the renal pyramid at the renal papillae. The renal filtrate it carries drains into a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "209836",
"chunk_text": "Skin\nand receives its name from the dense concentration of collagenous, elastic, and reticular fibers that weave throughout it. These protein fibers give the dermis its properties of strength, extensibility, and elasticity. Also located within the reticular region are the roots of the hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, receptors, nails, and blood vessels. The subcutaneous tissue (also hypodermis) is not part of the skin, and lies below the dermis. Its purpose is to attach the skin to underlying bone and muscle as well as supplying it with blood vessels and nerves. It consists of loose connective tissue and elastin. The main",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9531143",
"chunk_text": "\"Integumentary system\"\narea called the nail matrix; growth of nails is 1 mm per week on average. The lunula is the crescent-shape area at the base of the nail, this is a lighter color as it mixes with the matrix cells. Also, the stratum corneum is the top part of the epidermis. The dermis is the middle layer of skin, composed of dense irregular connective tissue and areolar connective tissue such as a collagen with elastin arranged in a diffusely bundled and woven pattern. The dermis has two layers. One is the papillary layer which is the superficial layer and consists of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20788124",
"chunk_text": "Fascia\nall of the regions of the body, that blends with the reticular dermis layer. It is present on the face, over the upper portion of the sternocleidomastoid, at the nape of the neck, and overlying the breastbone. It consists mainly of loose areolar, and fatty adipose connective tissue and is the layer that primarily determines the shape of a body. In addition to its subcutaneous presence, superficial fascia surrounds organs and glands, neurovascular bundles, and is found at many other locations where it fills otherwise unoccupied space. It serves as a storage medium of fat and water; as a passageway",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17845088",
"chunk_text": "\"Bergmeister's papilla\"\nBergmeister's papilla Bergmeister’s papilla arises from the centre of the optic disc, consists of a small tuft of fibrous tissue and represents a remnant of the fetal hyaloid artery. The hyaloid artery provides nutrition to the lens during development in the fetus, and runs forward to the lens from the optic disc. The optic disc is covered by a plaque of fibrous cells called the central supporting tissue meniscus of Kuhnt. This plaque forms a fibrous sheath around the hyaloid artery where it leaves the optic disc. At birth the hyaloid artery regresses, and is normally completely regressed by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_630
|
who has become the new chairman of sebi?
|
n/a
|
[
"Ajay Tyagi"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2848357",
"chunk_text": "\"Securities and Exchange Board of India\"\ncollective investment scheme brought under SEBI except NIDHI, chit fund and cooperatives. Ajay Tyagi was appointed chairman on 10 January 2017, replacing U K Sinha, and took charge of the chairman office on 1 March 2017. The board comprises: List of Chairmen: The Preamble of the Securities and Exchange Board of India describes the basic functions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India as \"\"...to protect the interests of investors in securities and to promote the development of, and to regulate the securities market and for matters connected there with or incidental there to\"\". SEBI has to be responsive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2430295",
"chunk_text": "\"Arun M. Kumar\"\nthe daughter of Sarojini Menon and the late noted historian A. Sreedhara Menon. Kumar and his wife Poornima have two sons, Ashvin (married to Melisa Shah) and Vikram and a grandson Amartya Zaran. Arun M. Kumar Arun M. Kumar (born 25 November 1952) has been the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at KPMG India since February, 2017. He succeeded Richard Rekhy. Prior to leading KPMG India, Kumar served as Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Global Markets and Director General of the US and Foreign Commercial Service (USFCS) in the administration of former U.S. President Barack Obama. Arun M. Kumar was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "399200",
"chunk_text": "\"Nandan Nilekani\"\nNandan Nilekani Nandan Nilekani (born 2 June 1955) is an Indian entrepreneur, bureaucrat and politician. He co-founded Infosys and is the non executive chairman of Infosys replacing R Seshasayee and Ravi Venkatesan, who were the co-chairs of the board, on 24 August 2017. After the exit of Vishal Sikka, Nandan Nilekani was appointed as non executive chairman of the board effective August 24, 2017. He was the chairman of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). After a successful career at Infosys, he headed the Government of India's technology committee, TAGUP. He is a member of Indian National Congress but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19686338",
"chunk_text": "\"Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services\"\n1st Oct, 2018, the Government of India took steps to take control of the company and arrest spread of the contagion to the financial markets. A new board was constituted as the earlier board was deemed to have failed to discharge its duties. The new board consists of Kotak Mahindra Bank managing director Uday Kotak, former IAS officer & Tech Mahindra boss Vineet Nayyar, former Sebi chief G N Bajpai, former ICICI Bank chairman G C Chaturvedi, former IAS officers Malini Shankar and Nand Kishore. Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO) started investigation as there were huge procedural lapses and top",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9930741",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian Banks' Association\"\nIndian Banks' Association Indian Banks' Association is managed by a managing committee, and the current managing committee consists of one chairman, 3 deputy chairmen, 1 honorary secretary and 26 members.<br> On september 1 2018, Punjab National Bank MD & CEO Mr. Sunil Mehta was elected as the new chairman of IBA . Dinabandhu Mohapatra, MD & CEO of Bank of india was elected as deputy chairman. State Bank of India's chairman, Ranjish Kumar, and Federal Bank's managing director, Shyam Srinivasan, will continue as deputy chairmen of IBA. Madhav Nair Country Head and CEO of Mashreq Bank was elected as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9930742",
"chunk_text": "\"Indian Banks' Association\"\nhonorary secretary for 2018-19. The banks which are members of the managing committee of the IBA include: Indian Banks' Association Indian Banks' Association is managed by a managing committee, and the current managing committee consists of one chairman, 3 deputy chairmen, 1 honorary secretary and 26 members.<br> On september 1 2018, Punjab National Bank MD & CEO Mr. Sunil Mehta was elected as the new chairman of IBA . Dinabandhu Mohapatra, MD & CEO of Bank of india was elected as deputy chairman. State Bank of India's chairman, Ranjish Kumar, and Federal Bank's managing director, Shyam Srinivasan, will continue as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "399211",
"chunk_text": "\"Nandan Nilekani\"\nquarter ended June 2017. Nandan Nilekani Nandan Nilekani (born 2 June 1955) is an Indian entrepreneur, bureaucrat and politician. He co-founded Infosys and is the non executive chairman of Infosys replacing R Seshasayee and Ravi Venkatesan, who were the co-chairs of the board, on 24 August 2017. After the exit of Vishal Sikka, Nandan Nilekani was appointed as non executive chairman of the board effective August 24, 2017. He was the chairman of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). After a successful career at Infosys, he headed the Government of India's technology committee, TAGUP. He is a member of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13806794",
"chunk_text": "\"C. B. Bhave\"\nperiod, where India made the transition into dematerialised settlement at the depository. After this, Bhave came back to SEBI as chairman for three years. C. B. Bhave Chandrasekhar Bhaskar Bhave is an Indian financial regulator. He was appointed as Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in February 2008 for a period of three years.He was succeeded by Upendra Kumar Sinha as the chairman of SEBI after his tenure. He was SEBI's senior executive director from 1992 - 1996. After that he became Chairman and Managing Director of the then newly created National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8409370",
"chunk_text": "\"Vishal Sikka\"\nexporter, named Sikka as its Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director. Sikka took over from then-CEO S.D. Shibulal, one of Infosys' founders, on 1 August. He was inducted as a whole-time director of the Board and CEO & MD (Designate) of Infosys on 14 June. His annual compensation was set at $13 million and stock options worth $9million. Vishal Sikka resigned from Infosys as MD and CEO on 18 August 2017. He was replaced by Pravin Rao on 24 August 2017. In 2008, Sikka joined the executive board of the CTO Forum, an influential industry non-profit community. The same year,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5833556",
"chunk_text": "\"C. B. Bhave\"\nC. B. Bhave Chandrasekhar Bhaskar Bhave is an Indian financial regulator. He was appointed as Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in February 2008 for a period of three years.He was succeeded by Upendra Kumar Sinha as the chairman of SEBI after his tenure. He was SEBI's senior executive director from 1992 - 1996. After that he became Chairman and Managing Director of the then newly created National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL). He is also member of the governments technology advisory group, TAGUP. He is the chairperson of the Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS). Many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14076935",
"chunk_text": "\"Tech Mahindra\"\nand the National Stock Exchange. On June 11, 2013, Andhra Pradesh High Court gave its approval for the merger of Mahindra Satyam with Tech Mahindra, after the Bombay high court had already given its approval. Vineet Nayyar said that technical approvals from the Registrar of Companies in Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra are required which will be done in two to four weeks, and within eight weeks, the new merged entity would be in place. The new organisation would be led by Anand Mahindra as Chairman, Vineet Nayyar as Vice Chairman and C. P. Gurnani as the CEO and Managing Director.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2463785",
"chunk_text": "\"Ratan Tata\"\nFebruary 2015, Ratan took an advisory role at Kalari Capital, a venture capital firm founded by Vani Kola. In October 2016, Tata Sons removed Cyrus Mistry as its chairman, nearly 4 years after he took over the reins of the over $100 billion conglomerate, Ratan Tata made a comeback, taking over the company's interim boss for 4 months. On 12 January 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the chairman of Tata Sons, a role he assumed in February 2017. Ratan Tata received the Padma Bhushan in 2000 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008, the third and second highest civilian honours awarded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6910749",
"chunk_text": "\"Ajay Bhushan Pandey\"\nexecutive officer (CEO) of the Unique Identification Authority of India by the prime minister-headed Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) in May 2016, he assumed office on 31 May 2016. In June 2017, after Pandey's promotion, the status of CEO of UIDAI was upgraded to be equivalent to a secretary to the Government of India from additional secretary to the Government of India. Pandey was given the additional charge of chairperson of the Goods and Services Tax Network by the ACC in September 2017. He assumed office on 10 September 2017. Ajay Bhushan Pandey Ajay Bhushan Pandey (born 2 February",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18869605",
"chunk_text": "\"Premiership of Narendra Modi\"\ncash. As a combined effect of Modi's announcement and the US Presidential election results, the Indian stock indices BSE SENSEX and NIFTY 50 declined steeply. The decision met with mixed initial reactions. Several bankers like Arundhati Bhattacharya (Chairperson of State Bank of India) and Chanda Kochhar (MD & CEO of ICICI Bank) appreciated the move in the sense that it would help curb black money. Businessmen Anand Mahindra (Mahindra Group), Sajjan Jindal (JSW Group), Kunal Bahl (Snapdeal and FreeCharge) also supported the move adding that it would also accelerate e-commerce. Infosys founder N. R. Narayana Murthy praised the move. Former",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2430282",
"chunk_text": "\"Arun M. Kumar\"\nArun M. Kumar Arun M. Kumar (born 25 November 1952) has been the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at KPMG India since February, 2017. He succeeded Richard Rekhy. Prior to leading KPMG India, Kumar served as Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Global Markets and Director General of the US and Foreign Commercial Service (USFCS) in the administration of former U.S. President Barack Obama. Arun M. Kumar was nominated by President Obama on October 4, 2013 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate on March 13, 2014 . In his role as one of the top commercial diplomats of the United States,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16671615",
"chunk_text": "\"NSE co-location scam\"\ndispute resolution mechanism, allows an alleged wrongdoer to settle a pending issue by accepting a penal action without admitting or denying the guilt. During this period, in July 2017, Vikram Limaye took charge as MD and CEO of the NSE. He gave assurances that he would approach SEBI for a settlement of the co-location issue and would find the underlying cause of this issue. However, a consent application filed by the exchange was later returned in March 2018 after the CBI investigation gathered momentum. P. Chidambaram has been accused of misusing his office during UPA’s rule from 2004 to 2014,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16671611",
"chunk_text": "\"NSE co-location scam\"\nallegedly teamed up and worked in coalition for about four years, i.e. 2010- 2014 overriding rules and regulations set in place by SEBI, the market regulator. According to an unnamed individual familiar with SEBI's investigation: \"\"Access to co-location facilities and HFT trading gave the select brokers differential advantage such as display of market data, viewing order book prior to order execution.\"\" \"\"The Economic Times\"\" first reported that on 22 May 2017, SEBI issued show cause notices to the exchange and fourteen individuals, including former managing directors Chitra Ramakrishna and Ravi Narain. Notices have been sent to Ravi Narain, vice-chairman of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18991771",
"chunk_text": "\"Vijay Mallya\"\nVijay Mallya Vijay Vittal Mallya (born 18 December 1955) is an Indian businessman and a former member of the Upper House of the Parliament of India. The son of businessman Vittal Mallya, he is the ex-chairman of United Spirits, the largest spirits company in India and continues to serve as chairman of United Breweries Group, an Indian conglomerate with interests including beverage alcohol, aviation infrastructure, real estate and fertilizer. He has been the chairman of Sanofi India (previously known as Hoechst AG and Aventis) and the chairman of Bayer CropScience in India for over 20 years, and the chairman of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19035558",
"chunk_text": "\"Arvind Saxena\"\nArvind Saxena Arvind Saxena (born 8 August 1955) is an Indian civil servant and is the current chairman of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). A 1978-batch officer, he served in the Indian Postal Service for 13 years, before joining the Research and Analysis Wing in 1988, and the UPSC in 2015. Saxena earned his bachelor's degree in civil engineering from Delhi College of Engineering, Delhi, before pursuing the master's degree in systems management from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. He joined the Indian Postal Service in 1978 and worked as Divisional Head of Postal Services at Bharatpur and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6124251",
"chunk_text": "\"Ratan Tata\"\nselection committee was formed to find a successor. The selection committee consisted of Mr. Tata, TVS Group head Venu Srinivasan, Amit Chandra of Bain Capital, former diplomat Ronen Sen and Lord Kumar Bhattacharya. All of them, except Mr. Bhattacharya, were on the board of Tata Sons. On 12 January 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the chairman of Tata Sons, a role he assumed in February 2017. Tata invested personal savings in Snapdeal– one of India's leading e-commerce websites –and, in January 2016, Teabox, an online premium Indian Tea seller, and CashKaro.com, a discount coupons and cash-back website. He has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8616368",
"chunk_text": "\"Bharat Financial Inclusion\"\nI would encourage genuine Microcredit programs.\"\" SKS founder Vikram Akula resigned from the board on 23 November 2011. In 2015, P. H. Ravi Kumar became the non-executive chairman. The company's shares meanwhile lost 90% of their value from a high of Rs. 1304 in 2010. In a 2012 cover story, The Hindu reported that a marked shift took place in the values and incentives of SKS in 2008, after largescale investment began to flow in from venture capitalists and prospectors including Boston based Sandstone capital and Sequoia capital. In September 2010, reports surfaced in the media of nearly 200 suicides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9144521",
"chunk_text": "Vistara\nMukund Rajan and Prasad Menon (Tata group), with the latter as chairman. In August 2015, the airline expanded the board by introducing two new members, Som Mittal and Sangeeta Pendurkar, along with an equity infusion of , part of initially planned by Tata and SIA together. In January 2016, Bhaskar Bhat, present Managing Director of Titan, joined as the new chairman following Prasad Menon's retirement. In March 2016, Vistara appointed Sanjiv Kapoor as its chief strategy and commercial officer as the successor to Giam Ming Toh who was scheduled to leave in mid April 2016 following completion of his deputation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13540168",
"chunk_text": "\"Proposed acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney\"\n2019 to issue a decision; the deadline may be extended for 90 days. On December 13, 2018, Disney announced a new organizational structure for its international operations and the individuals who would join the company, including Rebecca Campbell, Jan Koeoppen, Diego Lerner and Uday Shankar. Shankar who currently serves as Chairman and President Fox Networks Group Asia and Star India will lead Disney's Asian operations and will become the new Chairman of Disney India. Despite Disney passing antitrust approval from main regulators (United States, European Union, India and China) and awaiting approval from the minor regulators, critics of Disney's purchase",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19035561",
"chunk_text": "\"Arvind Saxena\"\nCentral Armed Police Forces. In May 2015, he joined the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) as its member and was appointed its acting chairman the following month, after the retirement of Vinay Mittal. In November 2018, he was appointed the full-time chairman. Arvind Saxena Arvind Saxena (born 8 August 1955) is an Indian civil servant and is the current chairman of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). A 1978-batch officer, he served in the Indian Postal Service for 13 years, before joining the Research and Analysis Wing in 1988, and the UPSC in 2015. Saxena earned his bachelor's degree in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7735302",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajiv Memani\"\nRajiv Memani Rajiv Memani (born 28 January 1968) is the Chairman & Regional Managing Partner of EY India, (formerly known as Ernst & Young). He is also the Chairman of the Global Emerging Markets Committee. Rajiv completed his schooling from the Delhi Public School (DPS) R K Puram in 1985. He subsequently received his Bachelor of Commerce (Hons) degree from the Shri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi University, in 1988 and completed his chartered accountancy (CA) in 1991. Rajiv joined an India member-firm of EY Global in mid-1980s and completed his articleship over the next 3 years. He worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1494156",
"chunk_text": "\"NSE co-location scam\"\ninterest directors to its board. They include: Ashok Chawla, former finance secretary; Naved Masood, former secretary in the Ministry of Corporate Affairs; TV Mohandas Pai, chairman of Manipal Global Education Services; Dinesh Kanabar, former deputy CEO of KPMG in India, and Dharmishta Raval, former SEBI executive director. The board then appointed Deloitte to conduct a forensic inquiry. The Deloitte report, submitted to SEBI on 23 December 2016, found that the exchange's tick-by-tick (TBT) system was prone to manipulation and restated the findings by the SEBI panel that some stock brokers obtained preferential access to servers. The NSE also admitted this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10577460",
"chunk_text": "\"Rajiv Memani\"\nconnecting emerging markets with developed markets as well as recommending investment plans for these markets. Rajiv is currently affiliated with prominent business and industry associations. He is a member of the National Council of the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), in addition to being the Chairman of its National Committee on Tax. He is also the past President of the India Chapter of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). In 2015, the Government of India appointed Rajiv to two high-powered committees: Rajiv Memani Rajiv Memani (born 28 January 1968) is the Chairman & Regional Managing Partner of EY India, (formerly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6101743",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus Mistry\"\nCyrus Mistry Cyrus Pallonji Mistry (born 4 July 1966) is an Irish businessman of Indian origin who was the chairman of Tata Group, an Indian business conglomerate, between 2012 and 2016. He was the sixth chairman of the group, and only the second (after Nowroji Saklatwala) to not bear the surname \"\"Tata.\"\" In mid-2012, he was chosen by a selection panel to head the Tata Group and took charge in December the same year. On 24 October 2016, the board of (Tata Group's holding company, Tata Sons, voted to remove Mistry from the post of chairman; former chairman Ratan Tata",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8409364",
"chunk_text": "\"Vishal Sikka\"\nVishal Sikka Vishal Sikka (born May, 1967) is former Executive Vice Chairman of Infosys and former Indian American CEO and MD of Infosys. On 18 August 2017 he stepped down as managing director of Infosys. He quit as Executive Vice Chairman of Infosys on 24 August 2017 when Nandan Nilekani was appointed as the new Non Executive Chairman of the Board. Prior to joining Infosys, Sikka was a member of the Executive Board and the Global Managing Board of SAP AG, leading all SAP products and innovation globally. In his 12 years at SAP, Sikka led SAP's product portfolio including",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12398555",
"chunk_text": "\"Kumar Mangalam Birla\"\nKumar Mangalam Birla Kumar Mangalam Birla (born 14 June 1968) is an Indian industrialist and the chairman of the Aditya Birla Group, one of the largest conglomerate corporations in India. He is also the chancellor of the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, and the chairman of the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi and Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Birla is a fourth-generation member of the Birla family from the state of Rajasthan. He was born in Kolkata and raised in Mumbai. He has a Bachelor of Commerce degree from H.R. College of Commerce and Economics, MBA degree from London",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "707046",
"chunk_text": "\"Mahendra Mehta\"\nMahendra Mehta Mahendra Singh Mehta (born 9 December 1955) is an Indian businessman. He is the chief executive of Vedanta Resources plc, a British multinational diversified metals and mining company. Mahendra Mehta holds a BE degree in Mechanical Engineering from the MBM Engineering College, University of Jodhpur (now known as Jai Narain Vyas University), Jodhpur and an MBA from the IIM Ahmedabad, India. Mahendra Mehta is CEO of Reliance Infrastructure Ltd since July 2014.He has been the CEO of Sesa Goa Limited since 17 August 2013, the CEO of Sterlite Industries (India) Ltd. since 1 April 2011 and the CEO",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8305790",
"chunk_text": "\"Ajit Jain\"\nmuscular dystrophies caused by dysferlin protein deficiency, a condition that Jain's son has. Plavi Jain Mittal, who earned her PhD in molecular biology from Brandeis University, was the initial President and CEO. In May 2017, Mittal formed In-Depth Genomics, an organization providing free whole-genome sequencing and analysis to people with rare diseases. Ajit Jain Ajit Jain (born 1951 in Orissa, India) is Indian born and is Vice Chairman of Insurance Operations for Berkshire Hathaway as of January 10, 2018. He was raised in India's coastal state of Orissa. Ajit Jain is an older cousin of Anshu Jain, who was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12398558",
"chunk_text": "\"Kumar Mangalam Birla\"\nBirla and his wife, Mrs. Neerja Birla have three children, Ananyashree, Aryaman and Advaitesha. Kumar Mangalam Birla Kumar Mangalam Birla (born 14 June 1968) is an Indian industrialist and the chairman of the Aditya Birla Group, one of the largest conglomerate corporations in India. He is also the chancellor of the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, and the chairman of the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi and Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Birla is a fourth-generation member of the Birla family from the state of Rajasthan. He was born in Kolkata and raised in Mumbai. He has a Bachelor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6272350",
"chunk_text": "\"Ashish Chauhan\"\npromote the technologies, experiences for the rapid growth and development of capital markets and regional as well as global integration. He is a member of the SEBI committee on corporate governance to help improve the standards of corporate governance of listed companies in India, advisor to Asia-Pacific Investment Council and the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT). Ashish Chauhan Ashishkumar Chauhan (Ashish Chauhan) is an prominent Indian business executive and administrator. He is the current managing director and chief executive officer of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Ashish is best known as the father of modern financial derivatives in India,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3862151",
"chunk_text": "\"Noel Tata\"\nbrother-in-law Cyrus Mistry was announced as the successor to Ratan Tata. In October 2016, Cyrus Mistry was removed as the chairman of Tata Sons and Ratan Tata took over as the chairman of the group for four months until February 2017. He is married to Aloo Mistry, the daughter of Pallonji Mistry, who is the largest single shareholder in Tata Sons (the Tata Group's holding company). Noel Tata Noel Naval Tata (born 1957) is an Indian businessman, who is the chairman of Trent Ltd and Tata Investment Corporation, and the managing director of Tata International. Part of the Tata family,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3851800",
"chunk_text": "\"Board of Control for Cricket in India\"\nwith six associations affiliated to it. R E Grant Govan was elected as its first president and Anthony de Mello as secretary. With the surge of cricket in India, BCCI has become rather notorious for its monopoly and has suffered from corruption allegations. The Supreme Court on 30 January 2017 nominated a four-member panel Committee of Administrators (Vinod Rai, Ramachandra Guha, Vikaram Limaye and Diana Edulji) to look after the administration of the BCCI in order to implement Lodha committee reforms. Vinod Rai, ex-CAG of India heads the four members panel to look after the administrative duties of the board",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2848361",
"chunk_text": "\"Securities and Exchange Board of India\"\nremoving regulatory structures. In one such move, SEBI has increased the application limit for retail investors to ₹ 2 lakh, from ₹ 1 lakh at present. Supreme Court of India heard a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed by India Rejuvenation Initiative that had challenged the procedure for key appointments adopted by Govt of India. The petition alleged that, \"\"The constitution of the search-cum-selection committee for recommending the name of chairman and every whole-time members of SEBI for appointment has been altered, which directly impacted its balance and could compromise the role of the SEBI as a watchdog.\"\" On 21 November",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17635581",
"chunk_text": "\"Keshub Mahindra\"\nsentenced to two years imprisonment and fined Rs. 100,000 ($1,636). All were given bail shortly after the verdict Keshub Mahindra Keshub Mahindra (9 October 1923) is an Indian businessman, and the chairman emeritus of the Mahindra Group. He retired as chairman in August 2012 after heading the Group for nearly five decades, handing over the position to his nephew, Anand Mahindra. Mahindra is known for his philanthropy. He is a graduate from Wharton, University of Pennsylvania, US. He joined Mahindra & Mahindra in 1947, and in 1963 took over as chairman. Mahindra has been appointed by the Government of India",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11839473",
"chunk_text": "\"Reliance Institute of Life Sciences\"\nand applied sciences, agriculture and environment sciences, process development and manufacturing sciences, clinical research and science and engineering courses in the computer, biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. The institute is headed by its Chairman, business magnate, Mukesh Ambani. Vice-chairman K. V. Subramaniam, Director Dr. Arnab Kapat and executive members Prof. Arvind Kudchadker, Dilip Kumar Ghosh and Vinay Ranade make up the rest of the power-packed team. The permanent teaching faculty comprises a pool of eminent scientists working for Reliance Life Sciences. Visiting faculty includes professors from other reputed academic institutions and veterans from the life sciences industry. RILS has state-of-the-art lecture",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8696399",
"chunk_text": "\"Shashank Manohar\"\n2007. \"\"Manohar\"\" rarely loses his cool, and when he does, he grows quieter, according to a person who has known the Manohar family for years. Shashank Manohar Shashank Vyankatesh Manohar (; ; born 29 September 1957) is a prominent Indian lawyer and cricket administrator. He twice served as the President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India, from 2008 to 2011, and from November 2015 to May 2016. He served as the chairman of the International Cricket Council from November 2015 to March 2017. On 24 March 2017, a resolution was passed to reinstate him as the chairman",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3770920",
"chunk_text": "OnMobile\nBombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India on 19 February 2008. Arvind Rao, one of the founders of the company, resigned on 10 July 2012, due to corporate governance issues during his tenure. Co-founder Mouli Raman was appointed CEO following Rao's resignation. Raman held the position of CEO until he stepped down on 7 May 2014 and was succeeded by Rajiv Pancholy on 2 June 2014. On 23 February 2017, François-Charles Sirois was appointed as the new Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. As of 2013, OnMobile acquired four companies in order to expand their product line. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12593391",
"chunk_text": "\"UB Pravin Rao\"\nUB Pravin Rao Pravin Rao is currently the Chief Operating Officer of Infosys, after Salil Parekh was declared as the CEO and MD on 2 December 2017. Previously, he was announced as the interim CEO and MD after Vishal Sikka stepped down. He joined Infosys in 1986 and played many leadership roles including Chief Operating Officer, Head of Infrastructure Management Services, Delivery Head for Europe, and Head of Retail, Consumer Packaged Goods, Logistics and Life Sciences. He is a member of the National Council of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the Executive Council of Nasscom. N R Narayana Murthy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18656490",
"chunk_text": "\"Institutional Investor Advisory Services\"\nthe sudden return of Narayan Murthy in 2013 to Infosys (BSE: 500209 | NSE: INFY | ISIN: INE009A01021) – one of India’s most respected companies. Not only did Narayan Murthy return to Infosys, he came with his son Rohan Murthy. IiAS argued that Infosys had compromised the very principles it strongly advocated during its rise to the top: having a retirement age for directors (both executive and non-executive), and that founders’ children must not take up executive roles. But, following an exodus of key management personnel, Infosys appointed Dr. Vishal Sikka as CEO and Managing Director in 2014. Narayan Murthy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4332164",
"chunk_text": "\"Sandeep P Parekh\"\nthe Chairman of the SEBI Committee on Proxy Advisors in December 2018 and is a serving member of the SEBI Committee on Mutual Funds. He is a World Economic Forum \"\"Young Global Leader\"\". He has also been recognized for exceptional standing in law by AsiaLaw Profiles, leading financial lawyer by IFLR1000 leading financial lawyer (Legal 500), leading capital markets lawyer by Chambers and Partners and listed as Who's Who of the world (Marquis). He is the author of \"\"Fraud, Manipulation and Insider Trading in the Indian Securities Markets\"\", now in its second edition. Sandeep P Parekh Sandeep Parekh, born 1971,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1814508",
"chunk_text": "\"A. Vellayan\"\nScience (Honoris Causa) by the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. Some of the other positions held by him in the past include In May 2015, Indian market regulator SEBI charged him in an Insider trading case related to the acquisition of Sabero Organics by Coromandel International in 2011. On 31-Jan-2018 he has been appointed the new chairman of the Society and Board of Governors of Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode (IIM-K). A. Vellayan A. Vellayan (born 9 January 1953, Chennai) is a member of the Murugappa family and the Executive Chairman of the Murugappa Group based in Chennai, India. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1251720",
"chunk_text": "\"B. R. Shetty\"\nB. R. Shetty Bavaguthu Raghuram Shetty (born 1 August 1942) is an Indian-born billionaire businessman, and the founder of a number of companies based in the United Arab Emirates. He is founder and chairman of Abu Dhabi-based NMC Healthcare, and chairman of UAE Exchange. He is also the founder and chairman of Neopharma, Finablr and BRS Ventures. In 2018, the brands became part of the financial services holding company, Finablr. Shetty initial interest in 1975 was in hospitals and hospitality, but since then has diversified into sectors including pharmaceuticals, financial services, retail, advertising and information technology. Shetty was included on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14943430",
"chunk_text": "\"Anil Ambani\"\nAnil Ambani Anil Dhirubhai Ambani (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian business magnate. He is the chairman of Reliance Group (also referred to Reliance ADA Group) which came into existence in June 2005 following a demerger from Reliance Industries Limited. He leads a large number of stock listed corporations including Reliance Capital, Reliance Infrastructure, Reliance Power and Reliance Communications. As of October 2018, Ambani's net worth was $2.1 billion according to the Forbes billionaire list. His major business interests in entertainment includes 44 FM radio stations, nationwide DTH business, animation studios, and several multiplex cinemas throughout India. He is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4087158",
"chunk_text": "\"Ashish Chauhan\"\nAshish Chauhan Ashishkumar Chauhan (Ashish Chauhan) is an prominent Indian business executive and administrator. He is the current managing director and chief executive officer of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Ashish is best known as the father of modern financial derivatives in India, and is considered as one of the foremost experts in financial market policies, Information technology, organized retail, telecommunications, Indian social issues, cricket etc. A mechanical engineer from IIT Mumbai(Powai) and alumnus of IIM Calcutta, Chauhan was recruited from the campus as an officer by the Industrial Development Bank of India (now IDBI Bank) in 1991. His first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7085689",
"chunk_text": "\"M. Damodaran\"\nM. Damodaran M. Damodaran is an Indian corporate advisor and mentor and a former government official. He is the founder Chairperson of Excellence Enablers Private Limited, a niche Corporate Governance advisory firm and the Founder and Managing Trustee of Non Executive Directors in Conversation Trust (NEDICT), an exclusive forum for Non-Executive Directors. He served as the Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), India's securities markets regulator from February, 2005 to February, 2008. Prior to this, he served as the Chairman of Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI), a development finance institution which he converted to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20693710",
"chunk_text": "\"Ashok Sekhar Ganguly\"\nAshok Sekhar Ganguly Dr Ashok Shekar Ganguly noted industry expert and former chairman of Hindustan Lever, was a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha. His term ended on 17 November 2015. He was born on 28 July 1935 in Patna to Sekhar Nath and Binapani Ganguly. He was educated at the Master Tutorial High School, Mumbai, and obtained his B.Sc degree from the Jaihind College, Mumbai. He completed his M.S in 1959 and Ph.D in 1961 from the University of Illinois Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences. Much of Dr. Ganguly's working",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_631
|
how many times has psg won champions league?
|
n/a
|
[
"46"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282995",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nwin the Trophée des Champions six times in a row (2013–2018), the only European club to have won all four national titles (Ligue 1, Coupe de France, Coupe de la Ligue and Trophée des Champions) in a single season (2014–15, 2015–16 and 2017–18), the only club to have won the Coupe de France without conceding a single goal (1992–93 and 2016–17), and the youngest European club to have won a European trophy. French teams are limited to four players without EU citizenship. Hence, the squad list includes only the principal nationality of each player; several non-European players on the squad",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177507",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\ntotal of 38 trophies, making it the most successful French club in history by this measure. PSG is also the only club to have never been relegated from Ligue 1, the club with most consecutive seasons in the top-flight (they have played 45 seasons in Ligue 1 since 1974), one of only two French clubs to have won a major European title, and the most popular football club in France and one of the most widely supported teams in the world. Domestically, the Parisians have won seven Ligue 1 titles, a record twelve Coupe de France, a record eight Coupe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982882",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nSpearheaded by the arrival of superstar striker Zlatan Ibrahimović, PSG attained four league titles, three Coupe de France, four Coupe de la Ligue and five Trophée des Champions titles. The club further built upon this success by signing world-record transfer Neymar and 18-year-old French prodigy Kylian Mbappé in 2017. Together with Uruguayan striker Edinson Cavani, they formed a fearsome attacking trio and claimed PSG's third domestic quadruple in four seasons. Since its foundation, PSG have always represented both Paris and Saint-Germain-en-Laye. As a result, red, blue and white are the traditional colours of Paris Saint-Germain. The red and blue represent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177508",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nde la Ligue, and a joint record eight Trophée des Champions titles. The club has also won one Ligue 2 title. In European football, they have won one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one UEFA Intertoto Cup. PSG have a long-standing rivalry with Olympique de Marseille. The duo contest French football's most notorious match, known as \"\"Le Classique\"\". Oryx Qatar Sports Investments (QSi) have been the club's owner since 2011. The takeover made PSG the richest club in France and one of the wealthiest in the world. PSG have the seventh-highest revenue in the footballing world with an annual revenue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982910",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nthe only club to have never been relegated from Ligue 1, the club with most consecutive seasons in top-flight (they have played 45 seasons in Ligue 1 since 1974), and one of only two French clubs to have won a major European title. The Parisians have won the Ligue 1 seven times. The club's worst Ligue 1 finish to date is 16th, their placing at the end of the 1971–72 and 2007–08 seasons. The 2015–16 season was the club's best to date. PSG won all four domestic titles (Ligue 1, Coupe de France, Coupe de la Ligue and Trophée des",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282989",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nthe 4th edition. The Parisians lifted the trophy on two occasions (1987 and 1990), thus becoming the only club to have won the tournament more than once. Besides Hamburger and Dynamo Kyiv, German side Köln, Belgian outfit Anderlecht, Brazilian team Santos and Dutch club Ajax also won the competition once. Paris Saint-Germain are today the city's largest club by far. PSG have the sixth-highest revenue in the footballing world with an annual revenue of €486.2m, and are the world's eleventh most valuable football club, worth €775m. Throughout its history, though, the club has rarely been profitable. Supported by a group",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19986052",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nPSG to the forefront of the European game. The club from the French capital made five European semi-finals in a row between 1993 and 1997, won a second league title in 1994 and lifted the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1996. At the start of the 21st century, PSG struggled to rescale the heights. This changed in 2011 with the arrival of new owners, Oryx Qatar Sports Investments (QSi) and president Nasser Al-Khelaifi. They established an extremely ambitious project to conquer the UEFA Champions League and making the club France's biggest name. PSG have already become the most successful French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17698470",
"chunk_text": "\"Le Classique\"\nseen since the early 1990s Marseille squads. In 2018, the capital side won its sixth consecutive French Super Cup. This latest trophy takes Paris Saint-Germain — France's most successful club — to 36 major titles overall (excluding the UEFA Intertoto Cup and Ligue 2 titles). Marseille, in turn, have struggled to keep up. l'OM have not won a trophy since 2012 and its League Cup victory. Since this Olympian win, PSG have won 20 titles: five league championships, four French Cups, five League Cups and six French Supercups. However, Marseille's new owner Frank McCourt pledged in 2016 to spend 200",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17761408",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\n(Ligue 1, French League Cup and French Super Cup) in the 2013–14 season, before claiming an unprecedented national quadruple (Ligue 1, French Cup, League Cup and Super Cup) twice in a row in 2015 and 2016. However, Blanc's teams were never able to advance past the quarterfinals of the Champions League, a goal that president Nasser Al-Khelaifi and ownership group Qatar Sports Investments made clear was the ultimate benchmark for the club's success. Fresh from three consecutive UEFA Europa League titles with Sevilla, Unai Emery was hired by PSG for his European pedigree. But with star player Zlatan Ibrahimović also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282970",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\n1990s and 2000s eras such as Raí, Ronaldinho and Pauleta are associated with the blue-white-red-white-blue shirt. It was with the \"\"Hechter shirt\"\" that PSG reached five European semi-finals in a row (1993–1997), claimed the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1995–96, and achieved the (first) eight consecutive wins against Olympique de Marseille (2002–2004). Promoted by PSG president Francis Borelli, the capital club changed its home identity in 1981–82. The new shirt, worn until 1992–93, was white with blue and red vertical stripes on the left. PSG legends from the 1980s like Safet Sušić, Luis Fernández and Dominique Bathenay are associated with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "992274",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nEuropean semi-finals in a row. Led by football icons David Ginola, George Weah and Valdo, amongst others, PSG won a second league title in 1994, two years before lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. At the start of the 21st century, PSG produced many talents, including Ronaldinho and Pauleta, but struggled to rescale the heights they obtained during the earlier years. This changed in 2011, however, with the arrival of new owners Oryx Qatar Sports Investments (QSi), and new club president Nasser Al-Khelaifi. QSi established an extremely ambitious project to take the club to the summits of the European game.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177506",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nParis Saint-Germain F.C. Paris Saint-Germain Football Club (), commonly known as Paris Saint-Germain, Paris SG, or simply PSG, is a French professional football club based in the city of Paris. Founded in 1970, the club has traditionally worn red and blue kits. PSG has played its home matches in the 47,929-capacity Parc des Princes in the 16th arrondissement of Paris since 1974. The club plays in the highest tier of French football, Ligue 1. Paris Saint-Germain established itself as a major force in France, and one of the major forces of European football in recent years. PSG have won a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16593968",
"chunk_text": "\"Javier Pastore\"\nfirst goal in a Ligue 1 match against Stade Brestois in a 1–0 win on 11 September 2011. During his first season at the Parc des Princes, Pastore scored 13 goals in 33 league matches. The following year, Pastore appeared in 34 league matches as PSG won the first of four consecutive Ligue 1 titles. He also scored his first UEFA Champions League goal in a 4–1 win over FC Dynamo Kyiv on 18 September 2012. In 2014–15, Pastore made over 50 appearances and was named in the UNFP team of the season as PSG won an unprecedented domestic quadruple",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982909",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nMontreal (1972–1973). The club was then sponsored by Canada Dry (1973–1974), before a long-term deal with RTL (1974–1991). PSG was subsequently sponsored by Commodore (1991–1994), SEAT (1994–1995), Opel (1995–2002), and Thomson (2002–2006). PSG's current shirt sponsor is Emirates. Paris Saint-Germain and Emirates have been partners since 2006. Since its inception, Paris Saint-Germain have played 48 seasons, all of which have been spent within the first three levels of the French football league system (Ligue 1, Ligue 2 and ). PSG holds many records, most notably being the most successful French club in history in terms of trophies won, with 38,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982911",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nChampions) and reached the quarter-finals of the UEFA Champions League. In Ligue 1, the capital club finished with 96 points (national record), while Zlatan Ibrahimović scored 50 goals in all competitions (national record). However, the club's record for most goals in a season was set in 2017–18, when the capital side scored 171 goals in all competitions. Paris SG are also the only club to have won the Coupe de la Ligue five times in a row (2014–2018), the only club to have won the Coupe de France four times in a row (2015–2018), one of only two clubs to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15044148",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nBayern Munich. A total of 12 clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the three forementioned clubs, along with Liverpool, Ajax, Barcelona, Inter Milan, Manchester United, Benfica, Nottingham Forest, Juventus, and Porto. A total of 17 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament. Clubs from ten countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of 17. Italy and England are joint-second with 12, while the other multiple-time winners are Germany with seven, Netherlands with six, and Portugal with four. The only other countries to provide a tournament winner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13615247",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Champions League\"\nSix clubs have earned this honour: Real Madrid, Ajax, Bayern Munich, Milan, Liverpool and Barcelona. Since then instead the club which wins three years in a row or five overall receives a conmemorative badge to wear permanently on their uniform. The current trophy is tall and made of silver, weighing . It was designed by Jörg Stadelmann, a jeweller from Bern, Switzerland, after the original was given to Real Madrid in 1966 in recognition of their six titles to date, and cost 10,000 Swiss francs. As of the 2012–13 season, 40 gold medals are presented to the Champions League winners,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17761410",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nprodigy, as well as the second-most expensive player in the world, Kylian Mbappé (€180m). In 2017–18, the club claimed a domestic quadruple for the third time in four seasons. With PSG fans promised European glory in light of their massive expenditure, the club's French quadruple was not enough after its Champions League exit at the hands of Real Madrid in the last-16. Unai Emery left PSG at the end of the season after failing to deliver European glory. History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Paris Saint-Germain Football Club was born on 12 August 1970 after the fusion of Paris FC –",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18171454",
"chunk_text": "\"Ligue 1\"\ntitles in France while Olympique Lyonnais is the club that has won the most consecutive titles (seven between 2002 and 2008). With the presence of 69 seasons in Ligue 1, Olympique de Marseille hold the record for most seasons among the elite, while Paris Saint-Germain hold the league record for longevity with 45 consecutive seasons (from 1974 until at least 2019). The current champions are Paris Saint-Germain, who won their seventh title in the 2017–18 season. The league has been won on multiple occasions by foreign-based club AS Monaco, which makes the league a cross-border competition. Professionalism in French football",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177537",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nPSG president and the club's first trophies arrived. However, competition for recognition as the capital's No1 sporting entity came from Matra Racing between 1984 and 1989, and PSG went into decline. Canal+'s takeover in 1991 revitalised the club with star signings (Valdo, David Ginola, George Weah, Raí, Youri Djorkaeff) that ensured several trophies (most notably the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1996). However, PSG's form slowly declined and eventually, a split from owners Canal+ became inevitable. In 2006, Canal+ sold PSG to investment firms Colony NorthStar, Butler Capital Partners and Morgan Stanley for €41m. In 2009, Colony bought out Morgan's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19146512",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nto be an unforgettable campaign given the calibre of opponent: PAOK, Napoli, Anderlecht and Real Madrid all fell by the wayside before PSG once again succumbed to their \"\"bête noire\"\", Juventus, in the last four. That defeat notwithstanding, the club were on the move and between 1993 and 1997 they contested two UEFA Cup Winners' Cup finals (in 1996 and 1997), reached the UEFA Champions League semi-finals once and twice advanced to the same stage of the UEFA Cup. PSG's crowning glory came with triumph in the 1996 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Final, Bruno N'Gotty hitting the only goal as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "389705",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Champions League\"\nthe first teams to reach the Champions League group stage after playing in all three qualifying rounds. In 2008–09 season, both BATE Borisov and Anorthosis Famagusta achieved the same feat. Real Madrid holds the record for the most consecutive appearances in the group stage, having qualified 22 times in a row (1997–present). They are followed by Arsenal on 19 (1998–2016) and Manchester United on 18 (1996–2013). Between 2003 and 2008, no differentiation was made between champions and non-champions in qualification. The 16 top ranked teams spread across the biggest domestic leagues qualified directly for the tournament group stage. Prior to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4511834",
"chunk_text": "\"PSG Esports\"\nof Legends team. Since its inception, the club has won 8 titles. The FIFA team has two ESWC championships, one Legia eSports Cup, one DreamHack Winter, one Gamers Assembly tournament, and one Gfinity FIFA 18 US Spring Cup Xbox. The Rocket League team has one DreamHack Open tournament, while the Dota 2 team has one Epicenter XL Major and one MDL Changsha Major. PSG Esports entered \"\"FIFA\"\" with Danish prodigy and twice FIFA eWorld Cup champion (2014, 2016) August \"\"Agge\"\" Rosenmeier. The club also launched its policy of young talented players with the signing of highly skilled rookie Lucas \"\"DaXe\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17761407",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nCarlo Ancelotti, the elusive league crown was finally brought back to Paris in the 2012–13 season. Zlatan's 30-goal haul almost single-handedly led the capital side to its first Ligue 1 title in 19 years, and third overall. However, PSG were unlucky to be eliminated from the Champions League on away goals Barcelona in the quarter-finals after drawing both games. Big money signings continued with the arrival of Edinson Cavani in 2013 and David Luiz in 2014 to the club. Despite the departure of Carlo Ancelotti, PSG kept its winning ways under Laurent Blanc. The club secured a maiden domestic treble",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3372159",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nthe inaugural Tournoi de Paris in 1957, while Barcelona won the last edition in 2012. Paris Saint-Germain is the most successful club in the competition's history, having lifted the trophy on seven occasions. Belgian outfit Anderlecht is next on the title count with three, while fellow French club Racing Paris and Brazilian sides Santos and Fluminense are the only other teams to have won the competition more than once. PSG arch-rivals Olympique de Marseille is among a group of clubs to have won the tournament once. The Tournoi Indoor de Paris-Bercy was a mid-season indoor football invitational competition hosted by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17761409",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\ngone, the club endured a disappointing 2016–17 season. Paris SG were pipped to the Ligue 1 title by Monaco, missing out on top spot for the first time in five years. Additionally, PSG also surrendered a 4–0 first-leg lead over Barcelona with a 6–1 thrashing at Camp Nou in the last-16 of the Champions League. Nevertheless, they secured the Super Cup, the League Cup, and a record 11th French Cup. PSG further built upon this success by forming a fearsome attacking trio in 2017. It consisted of Edinson Cavani (already at the club), world-record transfer Neymar (€222m), and 18-year-old French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14559847",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain Handball\"\nAsnières Sports (1942–1987), Paris-Racing-Asnières (1987–1988), Paris-Asnières (1988–1992), PSG-Asnières (1992–2002), and Paris Handball (2002–2012). After being bought by Paris Saint-Germain owners Oryx Qatar Sports Investments (QSi) in 2012, the club became Paris Saint-Germain Handball. Since its inception, the club has won 16 titles. Domestically, Paris SG have clinched five LNH Division 1 titles, four , two , a record three , and two titles. In international club handball, the capital side finished runners-up in the 2016–17 edition of the Champions League. The Parisian club was founded in 1941. Initially, it took the name of Patriotes d'Asnières before becoming Asnières Sports one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4332002",
"chunk_text": "\"Tournoi de Paris\"\nwas renamed Trophée de Paris in 2012. This was the tournament's last edition to date. Since its inception, the winners have received different trophies. Vasco da Gama won the inaugural Tournoi de Paris in 1957, while Barcelona won the last edition in 2012. Paris Saint-Germain is the most successful club in the competition's history, having lifted the trophy on seven occasions. Belgian outfit Anderlecht is next on the title count with three, while fellow French club Racing Paris and Brazilian sides Santos and Fluminense are the only other teams to have won the competition more than once. PSG arch-rivals Olympique",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9750414",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain Academy\"\nThe PSG Academy consists of the Reserve team, the Under 19 team, and the Under 17 team. They train at the Camp des Loges, which also serves as the academy's home facility; while the Stade Municipal Georges Lefèvre is their home ground. The PSG Academy has produced several international stars, including Nicolas Anelka, Mamadou Sakho, Adrien Rabiot, Alphonse Areola, and Presnel Kimpembe. Domestically, the Reserve team has won three and one ; the U19 team has won four Championnat National U19 titles and one Coupe Gambardella; and the U17 team has won three Championnat National U17 titles and one Championnat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "389688",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Champions League\"\nculminates with the final match in May. The winner of the UEFA Champions League qualifies for the UEFA Super Cup and the FIFA Club World Cup. Real Madrid is the most successful club in the competition's history, having won the tournament 13 times, including its first five seasons. Spanish clubs have accumulated the highest number of victories (18 wins), followed by England and Italy (12 wins apiece). England has the largest number of winning teams, with five clubs having won the title. The competition has been won by 22 clubs, 12 of which have won it more than once. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282964",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nof €486.2m, and are the world's eleventh most valuable football club, worth €825m. The capital club has active departments for youth football (PSG Academy), and women's football (PSG Women). Paris Saint-Germain was formed on 12 August 1970 after the fusion of Paris FC – created a year earlier to fill the void of having no top-flight club in the capital – and Stade Saint-Germain, founded in 1904 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, the birth town of Louis XIV. However, PSG really took flight in 1973, when fashion designer Daniel Hechter took over the club. Coached by French football legend Just Fontaine, PSG won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282993",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nclub's sole shareholder. Prior to the Qatar buyout PSG had recorded losses for over a decade. The year before, the club recorded a loss of $37m. The takeover made Paris Saint-Germain not only the richest club in France but one of the wealthiest in the world. QSi pledged to form a team capable of winning the UEFA Champions League and making the club France's biggest name. Big money signings Thiago Silva, Zlatan Ibrahimović, Edinson Cavani and David Luiz arrived in the club, though not without consequences. In May 2014, UEFA punished PSG for violating Financial Fair Play (FFP) rules. Most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17761406",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nLeproux. The takeover made Paris Saint-Germain not only the richest club in France but one of the wealthiest in the world. QSi pledged to form a team capable of winning the UEFA Champions League and making the club France's biggest name. Club legend Leonardo was brought back in a sporting director capacity and oversaw a spending spree that has so far been unprecedented in Ligue 1 history. Despite finishing behind Montpellier in the 2011–12 season, PSG set a league record of 79 points for a second-placed team. Led by star player Zlatan Ibrahimović, team captain Thiago Silva and famous manager",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "948417",
"chunk_text": "\"Coupe de France\"\nthe competition, but allows sponsors of the French Football Federation to showcase themselves on club's kits at the expense of the club's sponsors. Among them include SFR, Caisse d'Epargne, Crédit Agricole, Sita-Suez, and Carrefour. Paris Saint-Germain have a record of 12 Coupe de France titles, following the result of the 2017–18 cup. Marseille have appeared in the most finals having played in 19. The Parisian club have won 'a double' i.e. the Coupe de France and the Coupe de la Ligue in the same season in 1995, 1998, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Marseille are one of four clubs who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826302",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nReal Madrid had the most success in the European Cup, winning the trophy for a record thirteen times. Real was the winner of the inaugural edition of the European Cup and the only club to win the trophy five times in a row (the first five editions). The club has also won the UEFA Cup twice, in 1985 and 1986, the Super Cup four times, in 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017, the Intercontinental Cup three times, in 1960, 1998 and 2002, and the FIFA Club World Cup three times, in 2014, 2016 and 2017. Real Madrid, with 25 trophies, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282996",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nhave dual citizenship with an EU country. Also, players from the ACP countries—countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement—are not counted against non-EU quotas due to the Kolpak ruling. In July 2017, the club announced its \"\"Hall of Fame\"\" of notable players. The inaugural induction saw 20 former players named, including record appearance maker Jean-Marc Pilorget, all-time assist leader Safet Sušić, longest-serving captain Dominique Bathenay, and Ballon d'Or winner George Weah. Paris Saint-Germain F.C. Paris Saint-Germain Football Club (), commonly known as Paris Saint-Germain, Paris SG, or simply PSG, is a French",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3372160",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nParis Saint-Germain at the AccorHotels Arena in Paris, France. The tournament was founded in 1984 and was held annually until 1991. Played indoors (synthetic field and seven-a-side), the competition featured host club PSG and five more teams. 1983 European champions Hamburger won the inaugural 1984 edition, which also featured hosts Paris SG, French clubs Monaco and Bordeaux, Brazilian team Fluminense and Algerian side Tizi Ouzou (currently named JS Kabylie). Ukrainian club Dynamo Kyiv, for its part, won the tournament's last edition in 1991. Paris Saint-Germain is the most successful club in the competition's history, despite failing to win it until",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17698469",
"chunk_text": "\"Le Classique\"\nfierce. Marseille were generally more frequent title contenders during the 2000s, but Paris Saint-Germain still managed to turn things around against their arch-rivals, most notably with a spectacular run of eight consecutive wins between 2002 and 2004. Nowadays, however, the two clubs are operating on totally different planes since the arrival of Oryx Qatar Sports Investments (QSi) as PSG owners in 2011. Now with the money to compete with the best clubs in Europe, star players such as Edinson Cavani, Kylian Mbappé, Neymar, Zlatan Ibrahimović and Thiago Silva have been part of PSG's all star-lineup that Ligue 1 had not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18536558",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Cup and Europa League records and statistics\"\ntimes, and only one to win three in a row. A total of 12 clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the forementioned club, along with Liverpool, Juventus, Internazionale, Atlético Madrid, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Tottenham Hotspur, Real Madrid, IFK Göteborg, Parma, Feyenoord, Porto. A total of 32 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament. Clubs from eleven countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of eleven. Italy is second with nine while the other multiple-time winners are England with eight, Germany with six, Netherlands with four, Portugal, Sweden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982906",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\nnotably, FFP sanctions included a €60m fine, amongst other sporting and financial measures. In September 2015, UEFA lifted the restrictions imposed on the Parisian club. In August 2017, the capital club activated the €222m release clause of Barcelona player Neymar, making him the most expensive transfer in football history. Later that month, PSG signed Kylian Mbappé from AS Monaco on loan with an option to buy for €180m that made him the second-most expensive player in the world. As a result, UEFA opened a new FFP investigation into PSG. In June 2018, UEFA cleared the club of breaching financial fair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16640568",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 Coupe de la Ligue Final\"\n2014–15 season, but PSG had already qualified for the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League via its league position. Lyon appeared in its fifth final of the Coupe de la Ligue. The Rhône-Alpes-based club won its only league cup title in 2001 defeating Monaco 2–1 after extra time. In Lyon's three other finals appearances, the club finished runner-up in 1996, 2007 and 2012 to Metz, Bordeaux and Marseille respectively. In their four previous finals, Paris Saint-Germain had won three: the inaugural final in 1995 against Bastia, in 1998 against Bordeaux in a penalty shootout, and a 2-1 win over Lens in 2008.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3013134",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nin 1985 and 1996, and lost a record six in 1973, 1983, 1997, 1998, 2003 and 2015. This was also their 14th final in all seasonal UEFA competitions, having also played in one Cup Winners' Cup final (winning in 1984) and four UEFA Cup finals (winning in 1977, 1990 and 1993, and losing in 1995). If they were to lose, Juventus would tie Benfica's record of five consecutive finals lost. Title holders Real Madrid reached a record 15th final after a 4–2 aggregate win against city rivals Atlético Madrid, knocking them out of the competition for the fourth consecutive season.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9282965",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain F.C.\"\npromotion to Ligue 1 a year later and slowly began attracting the first stars of PSG such as Mustapha Dahleb and Carlos Bianchi. In 1978, Daniel Hechter handed control of the club to Francis Borelli, under whose guidance PSG won their first silverware: the Coupe de France in 1982 and 1983 and the league in 1986, during a decade marked by players such as Safet Sušić, Luis Fernández and Dominique Rocheteau. Canal+ took over the club in 1991, and propelled PSG to the forefront of the European game. Between 1993 and 1997, the club from the French capital made five",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16829862",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Youth League\"\ndomestic champions play two rounds of two-legged ties, with the eight winners advancing to the play-offs, where they play a single match at home against the Champions League path runners-up. The round of 16 onwards retain the same format of single-leg ties as before. The most successful teams are Barcelona and Chelsea with two trophies each. Chelsea won the trophy in two consecutive seasons by beating Shakhtar Donetsk on 13 April 2015 and Paris Saint-Germain on 18 April 2016. Barcelona won their second trophy by defeating Chelsea on 23 April 2018. UEFA Youth League The UEFA Youth League (originally titled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19070013",
"chunk_text": "\"Paris Saint-Germain Féminines\"\nJean-Bouin and the Parc des Princes. Currently, \"\"Les Parisiennes\"\" train at the Centre Sports et Loisirs de la Banque de France de Bougival (CSLBF de Bougival) and play its home matches in the 20,000-capacity Stade Jean-Bouin multi-purpose stadium, located across the street from the much larger Parc des Princes, home to PSG's male football section. Domestically, PSG have won two French Cups, as well as one title. In international club football, the Parisian side reached the UEFA Women's Champions League final in 2015 and 2017. In friendly competitions, the club have won the Gipuzkoa Elite Cup once. Additionally, the club's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4756722",
"chunk_text": "\"2014–15 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\nFebruary, and the second legs were played on 10, 11, 17 and 18 March 2015. \"\"3–3 on aggregate. Paris Saint-Germain won on away goals.\"\" \"\"Barcelona won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"1–1 on aggregate. Atlético Madrid won 3–2 on penalties.\"\" \"\"Juventus won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 5–4 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Bayern Munich won 7–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"3–3 on aggregate. Monaco won on away goals.\"\" \"\"Porto won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" The draw was held on 20 March 2015. The first legs were played on 14 and 15 April, and the second legs were played on 21 and 22 April 2015. \"\"Barcelona won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740873",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nthe Champions League era but who were unsuccessful, all making it to the final: Of the 22 teams that have won the trophy, 14 have never defended it. Only four of these have won the trophy more than once, and so have had more than one attempt to do so. These are: During the Champions League era, only one title holder has failed to qualify from the group stage: Five clubs have won all their games in a group stage. Real Madrid are the first and only club to achieve this feat twice in 2011–12 and 2014–15. Only one club",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7136440",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nthe net. A second chance on goal for Ronaldo in the 93rd minute of play was interrupted by a pitch invader, who was captured by stadium stewards. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw, which was held on 13 April 2018, 13:00 CEST, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Real Madrid became the first team since Bayern Munich in 1974–76 to win three consecutive UEFA Champions Leagues or European Cups. The title was Madrid's 13th, another Champions League record, and their fourth in five years. Real Madrid's victory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19617547",
"chunk_text": "\"2013–14 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\non 11, 12, 18 and 19 March 2014. \"\"Atlético Madrid won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Bayern Munich won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Barcelona won 4–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Paris Saint-Germain won 6–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Chelsea won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 9–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Manchester United won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Borussia Dortmund won 5–4 on aggregate.\"\" The draw was held on 21 March 2014. The first legs were played on 1 and 2 April, and the second legs were played on 8 and 9 April 2014. \"\"Real Madrid won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"3–3 on aggregate. Chelsea won on away goals.\"\" \"\"Atlético Madrid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13853129",
"chunk_text": "\"Carlo Ancelotti\"\nthe Coupe de la Ligue and UEFA Europa League prior to Ancelotti's appointment. During Ancelotti's first full season at the club, PSG entered the winter break at the top of the Ligue 1 table ahead of Lyon and Marseille on goal difference. They clinched the Ligue 1 title on 12 May 2013 with two matches to spare. The club reached the quarter-final of the Champions League, where they lost to Barcelona on the away goals rule (3–3 on aggregate), the quarter–final of the Coupe de France and the quarter–final of the Coupe de la Ligue.<ref name=\"\"Paris Saint-Germain » Fixtures &",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_632
|
who played santa in the santa clause movies?
|
n/a
|
[
"Tim Allen"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9283002",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\nThe Santa Clause The Santa Clause (stylized as The Santa Claus) is a 1994 American Christmas fantasy family comedy film written by Leo Benvenuti and Steve Rudnick, and directed by John Pasquin. The first film in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film series, it stars Tim Allen as Scott Calvin, an ordinary man who accidentally causes Santa Claus to fall from his roof on Christmas Eve. When he and his young son, Charlie, finish St. Nick's trip and deliveries, they go to the North Pole where Scott learns that he must become the new Santa and convince those he loves that he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9738449",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause (film series)\"\nThe Santa Clause (film series) The Santa Clause (also known as The Santa Clause Trilogy) is a series of comedy films starring Tim Allen. The film series began with \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" (1994). It was followed by \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\" (2002) and \"\"\"\" (2006). The series experienced a diminishing critical reception with each subsequent film. Divorced dad Scott Calvin (Tim Allen) has custody of his son Charlie (Eric Lloyd) on Christmas Eve. After he accidentally causes the death of a man in a Santa suit, they are magically transported to the North Pole, where an elf explains that Scott",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9738450",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause (film series)\"\nmust take Santa's place before the next Christmas arrives. Scott thinks he's dreaming, but over the next several months he gains weight and grows an inexplicably white beard. Maybe that night at the North Pole wasn't a dream after all -- and maybe Scott has a lot of work to do. Scott Calvin (Tim Allen) has been in the role of Santa for the past eight years, and his loyal elves consider him the best one ever. But the world of the \"\"Merry Old Soul\"\" turns upside down when he's dealt a double whammy of news: Not only has his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9738451",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause (film series)\"\nson, Charlie (Eric Lloyd), landed on this year's naughty list, but Scott discovers that he must marry by Christmas Eve -- just a month away! -- or he will stop being Santa Claus forever. Christmas cheer turns into holiday chaos when Scott Calvin (Tim Allen), aka Santa, invites his in-laws (Ann-Margret, Alan Arkin) for a visit and must, simultaneously, contend with Jack Frost's (Martin Short) scheme to take over the North Pole. Scott, his family and Head Elf Curtis (Spencer Breslin) must join forces to foil the nefarious plot. Scott Foundas of \"\"Variety\"\" called the 1994 film was \"\"a full-on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5375721",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nChristmas\"\" (1988), Ernest P. Worrell (Jim Varney) joins the challenge of Santa Claus, alias Seth Applegate (Douglas Seale), to convince Florida kids' show host Joe Carruthers (Oliver Clark) to become the next Santa. In \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" (1994), Tim Allen plays Scott Calvin, who accidentally causes Santa Claus to fall off the roof of his house. After he puts on Santa's robes, he becomes subject to the \"\"Santa clause\"\" (like a contract), which requires him to become the next Santa. Despite his average appearance, over the next year he grows fat, his hair whitens, and he grows a beard by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982929",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\nthe number (which turned out to be an actual, working sex line number) and racked up a $400 phone bill. On television airings, the phone number is changed to \"\"1-800-POUND\"\". The line remains intact on the 1995 VHS release. The Santa Clause The Santa Clause (stylized as The Santa Claus) is a 1994 American Christmas fantasy family comedy film written by Leo Benvenuti and Steve Rudnick, and directed by John Pasquin. The first film in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film series, it stars Tim Allen as Scott Calvin, an ordinary man who accidentally causes Santa Claus to fall from his roof",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10171804",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause 2\"\nThe Santa Clause 2 The Santa Clause 2 is a 2002 Christmas family comedy film directed by Michael Lembeck. It is a sequel to \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" (1994) and the second installment in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film series. All the principal actors from the first film, including Tim Allen, Eric Lloyd, Wendy Crewson and Judge Reinhold, reprise their roles. Released on November 1, 2002, the film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $172 million worldwide on a $65 million budget. It was followed by another sequel, \"\"\"\", released in 2006. Eight years have passed since Scott Calvin took on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9979537",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause\"\nThe Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause is a 2006 American Christmas fantasy comedy adventure film directed by Michael Lembeck. It is the third and final film in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film series following \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" and \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\". The film stars Tim Allen returning as Scott Calvin/Santa Claus and Martin Short as Jack Frost. Allen and Short had previously worked together in the 1997 Disney comedy feature film, \"\"Jungle 2 Jungle\"\". Most of the supporting actors from the first two films reprise their roles, with the exception of David",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15177554",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\nis indeed Father Christmas. This was Pasquin and Allen's first movie collaboration after they both worked together on the TV series \"\"Home Improvement\"\". Pasquin and Allen would later work again on the films \"\"Jungle 2 Jungle\"\" and \"\"Joe Somebody\"\", and on the television series \"\"Last Man Standing\"\". The film was followed by two sequels, \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\" (2002) and \"\"\"\" (2006). In comparison to the original, the former received mixed critical response while the latter was panned by most critics. Scott Calvin (Tim Allen), a successful toy salesman, prepares to spend Christmas Eve with his son Charlie (Eric Lloyd).",
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"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause 2\"\nreleased as a 3-Movie Collection Blu-ray set on October 16, 2012. The Santa Clause 2 The Santa Clause 2 is a 2002 Christmas family comedy film directed by Michael Lembeck. It is a sequel to \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" (1994) and the second installment in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film series. All the principal actors from the first film, including Tim Allen, Eric Lloyd, Wendy Crewson and Judge Reinhold, reprise their roles. Released on November 1, 2002, the film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $172 million worldwide on a $65 million budget. It was followed by another sequel, \"\"\"\", released",
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"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\nthe original soundtrack were all represented, including the Kaja song \"\"Shouldn't Do That.\"\" Marvel Comics published a comic book adaptation of the film by writer Sid Jacobson and artist Frank Springer in \"\"Marvel Super Special\"\" #39. Santa Claus: The Movie Santa Claus: The Movie (known on-screen as simply Santa Claus) is a 1985 British-American Christmas film starring Dudley Moore, John Lithgow, and David Huddleston in the title role. It is the last major fantasy film produced by the Paris-based father-and-son production team of Alexander and Ilya Salkind. The film was directed by Jeannot Szwarc and released in North America on",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "11208431",
"chunk_text": "\"Spencer Breslin\"\nSpencer Breslin Spencer Breslin (born May 18, 1992) is an American actor and musician. He is the older brother of actress Abigail Breslin. Beginning at the age of three, Breslin acted in over 50 commercials. He is best known for his roles in the feature films \"\"Disney's The Kid\"\" (co-starring at the age of eight with Bruce Willis), \"\"The Santa Clause 2: The Mrs. Clause\"\" and \"\"\"\" (as Curtis the Elf), \"\"Return to Neverland\"\", \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\", \"\"Raising Helen\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Shaggy Dog\"\", \"\"Harold\"\", \"\"\"\"The Happening\"\"\"\", and \"\"Perfect Sisters\"\". His television credits include \"\"Teamo Supremo\"\", \"\"Stephen King's Storm",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "8070897",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Lloyd\"\nEric Lloyd Eric Lloyd (born David Eric Lloyd Morelli; May 19, 1986) is an American actor, comedian, musician and producer. Lloyd is best known for work as a child actor in such roles as Charlie Calvin in Disney's \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" film trilogy, and as \"\"Little John\"\" Warner in the NBC television series \"\"Jesse\"\". His television career began when, between ages 2 and 5, he was cast as a young Kevin Arnold (Fred Savage) in episodes of \"\"The Wonder Years\"\". His film credits include \"\"Batman & Robin\"\", \"\"Dunston Checks In\"\", \"\"My Giant\"\", \"\"The Brave Little Toaster Goes to Mars\"\", and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "13730728",
"chunk_text": "\"David Krumholtz\"\nDavid Krumholtz David Krumholtz (born May 15, 1978) is an American actor. He played Charlie Eppes in the CBS drama series \"\"Numb3rs\"\" from 2005 to 2010. He also played Seth Goldstein in the \"\"Harold & Kumar\"\" film trilogy and Bernard the Elf in the \"\"Santa Clause\"\" film franchise. Krumholtz was born in Queens, New York City. He is the son of Michael and Judy Krumholtz. He grew up in a \"\"very working-class, almost poor\"\" Jewish family. His paternal grandparents had emigrated from Poland, and his mother moved from Hungary to the U.S. in 1956. At the age of 13, Krumholtz",
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"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\nwhile, Ilya Salkind actively pursued Carroll O'Connor for the role before Szwarc showed him David Huddleston's screen-test, which won Salkind over. For the role of B.Z., the producers wanted a star with a similar stature to Gene Hackman when he had played Lex Luthor in \"\"Superman: The Movie\"\". To this end, they offered the role to Harrison Ford who turned them down. They made offers to Dustin Hoffman, Burt Reynolds and Johnny Carson --- all of whom, for one reason or another, turned the part down. Eventually, John Lithgow was settled on after Salkind watched \"\"Terms of Endearment\"\" and realised",
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"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus\"\na 2004 article, from a supply chain managers' trade magazine, aptly illustrates this depiction: Many feature films have featured Santa Claus as a protagonist, including \"\"Elf\"\", \"\"Miracle on 34th Street\"\" and \"\"The Santa Clause\"\". In the cartoon base, Santa has been voiced by several people, including Stan Francis, Mickey Rooney, Ed Asner, John Goodman, and Keith Wickham. Santa has been described as a positive male cultural icon: Many television commercials, comic strips and other media depict this as a sort of humorous business, with Santa's elves acting as a sometimes mischievously disgruntled workforce, cracking jokes and pulling pranks on their",
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"chunk_id": "16418297",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\nSanta Claus: The Movie Santa Claus: The Movie (known on-screen as simply Santa Claus) is a 1985 British-American Christmas film starring Dudley Moore, John Lithgow, and David Huddleston in the title role. It is the last major fantasy film produced by the Paris-based father-and-son production team of Alexander and Ilya Salkind. The film was directed by Jeannot Szwarc and released in North America on November 27, 1985, by TriStar Pictures. The 2005 DVD release was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment, under license from the film's current owner, StudioCanal; the 25th Anniversary home video release (which also now includes Blu-ray) was",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\nthat he had a Grinch-type look to him. The role of the Ancient Elf was written with James Cagney in mind; however, with Cagney being very weak in his old age, the legendary actor could not adequately assume the role, despite the fact that he liked the film's overall idea. Nonetheless, Cagney had no other choice but to turn the offer down, so Fred Astaire was considered. When this eventually came to nothing, Dudley Moore suggested his friend Burgess Meredith for the role, which he in the end won. At the time of the movie's announcement in the middle of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "10808358",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Vinovich\"\nin \"\"The Foreigner\"\" at Corn Stock Theatre in Peoria, IL the summer of 2013. Steve Vinovich Steve Vinovich (born January 22, 1945) is an American actor. Vinovich was born in Peoria, Illinois, the son of Jennie J. (née Kuhel), a secretary, and Stephen J. Vinovich, an insurance salesman. Vinovich has a speared in several feature films such as B.J Wert in 1987's \"\"Mannequin\"\", and Dr. Novos in the 1994 comedy \"\"The Santa Clause\"\". He also voiced Puffin in the 1994 animated film \"\"The Swan Princess\"\" and one of the only two actors of the original cast to reprise his role",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nher that indeed there is a Santa: \"\"He lives, and he lives forever.\"\" Francis Pharcellus Church was the real-life editor and is played by Charles Bronson in the film. \"\"The Polar Express\"\" (2004), based on the children's book of the same name, also deals with issues and questions of belief as a magical train conducted by Tom Hanks transports a doubting boy to the North Pole to visit Santa Claus. Some less-than-serious films feature Santa Claus as a superhero-type figure, such as the 1959 film titled \"\"Santa Claus\"\" produced in Mexico with José Elías Moreno as Santa Claus. In this",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause\"\nto reveal their baby boy, Buddy Claus. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 17% based on 65 reviews, with an average rating of 3.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"Playing Jack Frost as an evil cross between Liza Minnelli and Liberace, Martin Short is a welcome presence, but this tired series continues drawing from its bag of bland gags and dumb slapstick.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 32 out of 100, based on 17 critics, indicating \"\"generally unfavorable reviews\"\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"\"B+\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\nroof. Scott finds a card in the pocket of Santa's suit that states \"\"If something should happen to me, put on my suit, the Reindeer will know what to do,\"\" after which Santa vanishes. Charlie climbs onto the roof via a ladder which had magically appeared, and finds Santa's sleigh and reindeer. Scott follows him into the sleigh, which flies off to continue delivering presents. Persuaded by Charlie, Scott puts on the Santa suit and delivers a few gifts before the reindeer take them to the North Pole. Once they arrive, Bernard (David Krumholtz), the head elf, explains to Scott",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
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"chunk_id": "167237",
"chunk_text": "\"Douglas Seale\"\nDouglas Seale Douglas Seale (28 October 1913 – 13 June 1999) was an English actor, producer and director. He provided the voice of Krebbs the koala in \"\"The Rescuers Down Under\"\" (1990) and, two years later, the Sultan in \"\"Aladdin\"\" (1992) (with Val Bettin replacing him in the later productions). He also appeared in several films, including Milos Forman's \"\"Amadeus\"\" (1984), and \"\"Ernest Saves Christmas\"\" (1988), in which he played Santa Claus. He appeared in the 1986 Christmas film, \"\"A Smoky Mountain Christmas\"\", as Vernon. Douglas had a small starring role as Santa in Steven Spielberg's \"\"Amazing Stories\"\". In 1989,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_id": "12031217",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town (film)\"\nSanta Claus Is Comin' to Town (film) Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town is a 1970 stop motion Christmas television special produced by Rankin/Bass Productions. The film stars Fred Astaire as the narrator S.D. Kluger, Mickey Rooney as Kris Kringle / Santa Claus, Keenan Wynn as the Winter Warlock, and Paul Frees in various roles. The film tells the story of how Santa Claus and several Claus-related Christmas traditions came to be. It is based on the hit Christmas song \"\"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town\"\", which was introduced on radio by Eddie Cantor in 1934, and the story of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "12734157",
"chunk_text": "\"Judd Nelson\"\nKindle: \"\"The Power of Speech\"\", \"\"Nine of Diamonds\"\", \"\"The Gig\"\" and \"\"Water Music\"\". Nelson played a pivotal role in the final season of \"\"Nikita\"\". Nelson played a lead role in the 2010 Hallmark movie, \"\"Cancel Christmas\"\". He portrayed Chris Frost, who is also Santa Claus. Judd Nelson Judd Asher Nelson (born November 28, 1959) is an American actor who is best known for his roles as John Bender in \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", Alec Newbary in \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\", Hot Rod and Rodimus Prime in \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\", Joe Hunt in \"\"Billionaire Boys Club\"\", Nick Peretti in \"\"New Jack City\"\", Billy",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "3984065",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nrob the Whos in Whoville of their Christmas, but has a change of heart. This animated feature was made into a live-action movie in 2000, directed by Ron Howard and starring Jim Carrey as the Grinch. Another less-than-friendly impostor appears in \"\"A Christmas Story\"\" (1983) as a disgruntled mall Santa at Higbee's Department Store (a real store in downtown Cleveland, Ohio) in the fictional town of Holman, Indiana. Played by Jeff Gillen, Santa is depicted as a larger-than-life figure who terrifies, rather than amuses, children. Gillen's performance lends credence to the theory that the mall Santa is not quite genuine.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "12754104",
"chunk_text": "\"Dick Elliott\"\nDick Elliott Richard \"\"Dick\"\" Elliott (April 30, 1886 – December 22, 1961) was an American character actor who played in over 240 films from the 1930s until the time of his death. He was born Richard Damon Elliott in Boston, Massachusetts. Elliott played many different roles, typically as a somewhat blustery sort, such as a politician. A short, fat man, Elliott played Santa Claus on the Jimmy Durante, Red Skelton, and Jack Benny programs. Elliott had a couple of memorable lines in \"\"It's a Wonderful Life\"\" (1946), in which he scolded James Stewart, who was trying to say goodnight to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "11208440",
"chunk_text": "\"Spencer Breslin\"\nJoey in the Disney Channel Original Movie \"\"The Ultimate Christmas Present\"\", a comedy, and garnered a 2000 Young Artist Award nomination for Best Performance in a TV Movie (Comedy or Drama) Young Actor Age 10 or Under. He played whiz-kid Curtis the Elf in the 2002 romantic comedy-drama-fantasy film \"\"The Santa Clause 2: The Mrs. Clause\"\", marking the first of four films in which he co-starred alongside actor Tim Allen. The movie was a great financial success, raking in $173 million in gross sales, and was the fifth-highest-grossing holiday movie ever and the 28th-highest-grossing movie worldwide of the year, making",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "7629738",
"chunk_text": "\"Judge Reinhold\"\nJudge Reinhold Edward Ernest \"\"Judge\"\" Reinhold, Jr. (born May 21, 1957) is an American actor who has starred in several Hollywood movies, such as \"\"Ruthless People\"\", \"\"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\"\", \"\"Gremlins\"\", and \"\"\"\", and both trilogies for \"\"Beverly Hills Cop\"\" and \"\"The Santa Clause\"\". Reinhold was born in Wilmington, Delaware, the son of Regina Celeste (née Fleming) and Edward Ernest Reinhold, Sr., a trial lawyer. He was raised in Fredericksburg, Virginia, until his family moved to Martin County, Florida, prior to his junior year in high school. His father nicknamed him \"\"Judge\"\" when he was just two weeks old",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5375714",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\n(Maureen O'Hara) employs a kind old man (Edmund Gwenn, who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor) to play Santa Claus at Macy's; he later convinces Susan that he really is Santa. This film was remade in 1994 and stars Richard Attenborough as Kris Kringle and Mara Wilson as Susan Walker. The television special, \"\"Yes Virginia There Is A Santa Claus\"\" (1991), follows the true story of a young girl, Virginia O'Hanlon, who writes a letter to the editor of the \"\"New York Sun\"\" in 1897 after her friends tell her there is no Santa. The newspaper editor tells",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "2799725",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Allen\"\nTim Allen Timothy Alan Dick (born June 13, 1953), known professionally as Tim Allen, is an American actor and comedian. He is known for playing Tim \"\"The Toolman\"\" Taylor on the ABC sitcom \"\"Home Improvement\"\" (1991 to 1999) and Mike Baxter on the ABC sitcom \"\"Last Man Standing\"\" (2011 to 2017), which was picked up by Fox in 2018 for a seventh season. He voiced Buzz Lightyear for the \"\"Toy Story franchise\"\" and played Scott Calvin and Santa Claus in \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" film trilogy (1994–2006). Allen's other films include \"\"For Richer or Poorer\"\" (1997), \"\"Jungle 2 Jungle\"\" (1997), \"\"Galaxy",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_id": "5375711",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nAlmost Wasn't\"\" (1966), Dan Aykroyd in \"\"Trading Places\"\" (1983), Jan Rubes in \"\"One Magic Christmas\"\" (1985), David Huddleston in \"\"\"\" (1985), Jonathan Taylor Thomas in \"\"I'll Be Home for Christmas\"\" (1998), and Ed Asner in \"\"Elf\"\" (2003). Later films about Santa vary, but can be divided into the following themes. Some films about Santa Claus seek to explore his origins. They explain how his reindeer fly, where elves come from, and other questions children have generally asked about Santa. Two Rankin/Bass stop motion animation television specials addressed this issue: the first, \"\"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town\"\" (1970), with Mickey",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "11947854",
"chunk_text": "\"Judge Reinhold\"\na patdown from security shortly after he was released from the hospital following an adverse reaction to a medication. He spent ten hours in jail, and accepted a deferred adjudication agreement where charges would be dismissed in 90 days. Judge Reinhold Edward Ernest \"\"Judge\"\" Reinhold, Jr. (born May 21, 1957) is an American actor who has starred in several Hollywood movies, such as \"\"Ruthless People\"\", \"\"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\"\", \"\"Gremlins\"\", and \"\"\"\", and both trilogies for \"\"Beverly Hills Cop\"\" and \"\"The Santa Clause\"\". Reinhold was born in Wilmington, Delaware, the son of Regina Celeste (née Fleming) and Edward Ernest",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause\"\nKrumholtz, who played Bernard the Arch-elf. As a result of his absence, Curtis (played by Spencer Breslin), who was previously the Assistant Head Elf, has now been promoted to Bernard's former position. Like the previous film, this film was shot in the Canadian cities of Vancouver and Calgary. This was Peter Boyle's final film to be released before he died from cancer one month after its release. (The 2008 film \"\"All Roads Lead Home\"\" would be released posthumously.) Its production was completed in February 2006. The movie was released in theaters on November 3, 2006 in the US followed by",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_text": "\"Ed Asner\"\nEd Asner Yitzhak Edward Asner (; born November 15, 1929) is an American actor, voice actor and a former president of the Screen Actors Guild. He is primarily known for his role as Lou Grant during the 1970s and early 1980s, on both \"\"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\"\" and its spin-off series \"\"Lou Grant\"\", making him one of the few television actors to portray the same leading character in both a comedy and a drama. He played John Wayne's adversary Bart Jason in the 1966 Western \"\"El Dorado\"\". He is also known for portraying Santa Claus in the comedy film",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "13982926",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\ntwo head off into the night. This film was entirely shot in the Greater Toronto Area. Oakville served as the city of Lakeside, Illinois. \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" grossed over US$144 million in the United States and Canada, and over $189 million worldwide, making it a box-office hit. The film has since gone on to become a Christmas classic. Freeform and AMC have played the film during the holiday season with record ratings. The film received generally positive reviews from the critics. The film currently holds a \"\"Certified Fresh\"\" rating of 74% on Rotten Tomatoes, with 40 positive reviews from 54",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "17005516",
"chunk_text": "\"Kenny Vadas\"\nKenny Vadas Ken \"\"Kenny\"\" Vadas is a Canadian actor. In his early career Vadas acted in several commercials; he was a regular on the television series \"\"Eric's World\"\" and had guest roles on television series such as \"\"Are You Afraid of the Dark?\"\", \"\"Goosebumps\"\", and \"\"The Adventures of Sinbad\"\" which filmed in South Africa. He acted in several made-for-television movies and is famous for his role as the E.L.F.S. Leader in the Disney blockbuster \"\"The Santa Clause\"\" with Tim Allen in which he saved Santa and his son Charlie and is quoted frequently for his line in the movie; \"\"We're",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "19624064",
"chunk_text": "\"The Man in the Santa Claus Suit\"\nThe Man in the Santa Claus Suit The Man in the Santa Claus Suit is a 1979 American made-for-television Christmas fantasy drama film starring Fred Astaire (in his final television appearance), Gary Burghoff, John Byner and Bert Convy about three different men (a fugitive tramp, a lonely schoolteacher and a divorced father) who all purchase Santa Claus suits for various reasons. The film was originally broadcast on NBC on December 23, 1979. The mysterious owner of a New York costume store (Astaire) sells Santa suits to three different men. He later shows up in various roles (chauffeur, policeman, jeweler, hot",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "10808357",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Vinovich\"\nSteve Vinovich Steve Vinovich (born January 22, 1945) is an American actor. Vinovich was born in Peoria, Illinois, the son of Jennie J. (née Kuhel), a secretary, and Stephen J. Vinovich, an insurance salesman. Vinovich has a speared in several feature films such as B.J Wert in 1987's \"\"Mannequin\"\", and Dr. Novos in the 1994 comedy \"\"The Santa Clause\"\". He also voiced Puffin in the 1994 animated film \"\"The Swan Princess\"\" and one of the only two actors of the original cast to reprise his role for the two direct-to-video sequels (the other being Michelle Nicastro as Odette). He appeared",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "18328153",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\ndocumentary as a bonus feature; the Lionsgate DVD and Blu-ray versions currently feature the 50-minute feature as well. The Blu-ray version, however, also features a brief chronicle of the filming of the \"\" 'Christmas II' Press Conference\"\" sequence, as well as additional deleted scenes cut from the original theatrical version. Moore had always been the top choice to play the lead Elf in the movie, Ilya Salkind having remembered a scene in \"\"Arthur\"\" in which Liza Minnelli's character asks Moore if he is Santa's Little Helper. Moore was attached to the project virtually from the outset, and therefore had a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "9576794",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\nhad wanted an American actor to portray Santa Claus because he felt that the movie focused on a primary piece of Americana in much the same way that \"\"Superman: The Movie\"\" did. Brian Dennehy was the top choice of John Carpenter when he discussed the possibility of directing the film with the Salkinds. Jeannot Szwarc, however, felt that he needed an actor with more warmth than Dennehy, and toward that end, he had screen-tested such actors as David White (who, being in his late 60's, was considered too old for the role), and Moore's \"\"Arthur\"\" co-star Barney Martin. For a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "11234345",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa and Pete\"\nSanta and Pete Santa and Pete is a 1999 American Christmas film directed by Duwayne Dunham. It was written by Greg Taylor, based on the novel by Christopher Moore and Pamela Johnson. It stars Hume Cronyn as Saint Nick, Flex Alexander as Pete, and James Earl Jones as Grandpa Nicholas. It first aired on CBS on December 5, 1999. Grandpa Nicholas is seen decorating a Christmas tree before the arrival of his daughter Cassie with her husband James and son Terence. While decorating the tree together Terence finds an ornament of Santa and a second ornament Grandpa Nicholas says is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "12082324",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert E. Hannegan\"\nHannegan died in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 6, 1949. He is interred in Calvary Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri. Hannegan was mentioned in the film \"\"Miracle on 34th Street\"\" in his role as Postmaster General. Therefore, in the film, by implication, he was responsible for affirming that Mr. Kris Kringle, the central character was the one and only Santa Claus. Hannegan was portrayed by actor John Finn in the 1995 film \"\"Truman\"\". Robert E. Hannegan Robert Emmet Hannegan (June 30, 1903October 6, 1949) was a St. Louis, Missouri politician who served as Commissioner of Internal Revenue from October 1943",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "852791",
"chunk_text": "\"Art LaFleur\"\nthe New York Yankees in the 1992 film, \"\"Mr. Baseball\"\". He also appeared in \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\" in 2002, and \"\"\"\" in 2006 as the tooth fairy. In 2005, he appeared in \"\"Hostage\"\" as a deputy sheriff of Bruce Willis. In 2009, he appeared in the Direct-to-DVD film \"\"\"\" and in the Science-Fiction horror film \"\"The Rig\"\". He also appeared on \"\"House M.D.\"\" in 2005 as Warner Fitch, in the episode entitled \"\"Sports Medicine.\"\" He also appeared on \"\"Home Improvement\"\" as Jimbo in season 1 episode 7 (Nothing More Than Feelings). Art LaFleur Art LaFleur (born September 9, 1943)",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5375716",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nmovie, Santa allies with Merlin the magician to battle the Devil, who is attempting to trap Santa. In the Cold War-era film \"\"Santa Claus Conquers the Martians\"\" (1964), Santa Claus is captured by Martians and brought to Mars, and ultimately foils a plot to destroy him. \"\"The Night They Saved Christmas\"\" (1984), starring Art Carney as Santa, likewise chronicles how Santa Claus and Claudia Baldwin (Jaclyn Smith), the wife of an oil explorer, have to save the North Pole from explosions while Baldwin's husband is searching for oil in the Arctic. \"\"Santa Claus: The Movie\"\" also contains a subplot in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "3984066",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nAnother recent devious mall Santa was played by Billy Bob Thornton in \"\"Bad Santa\"\" (2003), a film which gained normally family-friendly Disney \"\"bad press\"\". Tim Burton's stop-action animated musical film, \"\"The Nightmare Before Christmas\"\" (1993), depicts Jack Skellington, the Pumpkin King of Halloween Town, wanting to become Santa Claus after an accidental visit to Christmas Town. After the mostly well-meaning but clueless Halloween citizens capture Santa, they try to take over Christmas with disastrous results; the real Santa is almost killed by the Oogie Boogie Man. Santa is voiced here by Ed Ivory, and in the video game spin-offs, Corey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3538995",
"chunk_text": "\"Stalking Santa\"\nStalking Santa Stalking Santa is a 2006 comedy Christmas feature film directed by Greg Kiefer, written by Daryn Tufts, starring Chris Clark, Daryn Tufts, Lisa Clark, and narrated by William Shatner. It follows one man’s obsession to scientifically prove the existence of the famous Jolly Old Elf. Shot in the mockumentary style, the film follows Lloyd Darrow (Chris Clark) a self-proclaimed \"\"Santologist,\"\" who has made it his life's mission - and obsession - to scientifically prove the existence of Santa Claus. It's an obsession that takes him from the hieroglyphics of Egypt to a Midwestern shopping mall at Christmastime, as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10357249",
"chunk_text": "\"Fred Claus\"\nFred Claus Fred Claus is a 2007 American fantasy comedy adventure film directed by David Dobkin, written by Dan Fogelman and Jessie Nelson, and starring Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti. The film was released on November 9, 2007, in the US and later released in the UK on November 30, 2007, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is loosely based on the poem \"\"A legend of Santa and his brother Fred\"\" written by Donald Henkel. A baby is born, and within a few minutes of his birth, he starts saying: \"\"Ho, ho, ho!\"\". Mother Claus calls her son, Frederick, over to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18324620",
"chunk_text": "\"Bob Dermer\"\nbroken clavicle and thoracic ribs and lost his left eye. He was unable to perform for five months and had to wear an eye patch before having an eyeball transplant. Later on, he would make a cameo appearance in Disney's 1994 holiday hit, \"\"The Santa Clause\"\", before making one final foray in the 1996 made-for-TV movie, \"\"\"\". He retired from the TV business in 2001. Bob Dermer Bob Dermer (born 1946 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian actor who first made his contributions to Canadian television starting with the 1976 series \"\"Readalong\"\". In the 1980s, he appeared on the children's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3984062",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Claus in film\"\nmagic to look the part. Reluctant at first, he falls in love with his newfound role. This film spawned two sequels. In 2002's \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\", he must find a wife (the \"\"Mrs. Clause\"\") and in 2006's \"\"\"\", he must battle Jack Frost for control of the North Pole. A recent and unique television special also draws upon the succession theme. In \"\"Call Me Claus\"\" (2001), Lucy Cullins (Whoopi Goldberg) is an African American woman destined to become the next Santa Claus. She, too, is reluctant to take on the role. In \"\"The Hebrew Hammer\"\" (2003), the role of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_633
|
how many times have real madrid won the european cup.in paris?
|
n/a
|
[
"twelve"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
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"chunk_id": "2826302",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nReal Madrid had the most success in the European Cup, winning the trophy for a record thirteen times. Real was the winner of the inaugural edition of the European Cup and the only club to win the trophy five times in a row (the first five editions). The club has also won the UEFA Cup twice, in 1985 and 1986, the Super Cup four times, in 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017, the Intercontinental Cup three times, in 1960, 1998 and 2002, and the FIFA Club World Cup three times, in 2014, 2016 and 2017. Real Madrid, with 25 trophies, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826305",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nCup was inaugurated in 1955, with Real Madrid winning the first five editions. However, after winning the trophy five times in a row in the 1950s, and again in 1966, the club had little success until the end of the 1990s, apart from their runner-up place in 1981. Since then, Real Madrid has won the competition seven times, in 1998, 2000, 2002, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and established itself as one of the strongest sides in European competitions, when measured in UEFA coefficients. The Cup Winners' Cup started in 1960, but it took eleven years until Real Madrid participated",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
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"chunk_id": "11539937",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nthe UEFA Champions League. It was under Bernabéu's guidance that Real Madrid established itself as a major force in both Spanish and European football. The club won the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included the 7–3 Hampden Park final against Eintracht Frankfurt in 1960. After these five consecutive successes, Real was permanently awarded the original cup and earning the right to wear the UEFA badge of honour. The club won the European Cup for a sixth time in 1966 defeating Partizan Belgrade 2–1 in the final with a team composed entirely of same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1435674",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Real Madrid C.F.\"\nHistory of Real Madrid C.F. Real Madrid C.F. are a professional football club based in Madrid, Spain. In addition to their domestic success, Real Madrid's reputation as a major club was established by their outstanding record in the European Cup. To date, they have been crowned champions of Europe a record thirteen times. Alfredo Di Stéfano, Ferenc Puskás and other famous players helped the club win the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included the memorable 7–3 Hampden Park final against German side Eintracht Frankfurt in 1960. The club won for a sixth time",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
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"chunk_id": "11050652",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nThe all-Madrid final also guaranteed the city of Madrid becoming the most successful city in the European Cup with 11 wins and 17 final appearances, and also in all UEFA club competitions with 16 wins, overtaking the city of Milan with 10 wins and 16 final appearances in the European Cup and 15 wins in all UEFA club competitions. Real Madrid reached a record 14th final after a 1–0 aggregate win against Manchester City, with a chance to win a record 11th title. Previously, they won finals in 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2014, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740867",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nare Scotland, Romania, Yugoslavia, and France. Greece, Belgium and Sweden have all provided losing finalists. Clubs from a total of 35 European cities have participated in the tournament final. Clubs from 21 cities have provided winners, with the clear city leaders being Madrid (winning twelve) and Milan (winning ten); though both Milan and Inter Milan have helped the city of Milan be successful, only Real Madrid have won it for the city of Madrid, with Atlético Madrid losing all three of their finals (albeit two of these were against city rivals Real Madrid, therefore by the time of these two",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16530865",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Real Madrid C.F.\"\nleg 2–0, ending a 24 consecutive scoring record of Barcelona in \"\"El Clásico\"\" matches, and with a 5–1 aggregate score. History of Real Madrid C.F. Real Madrid C.F. are a professional football club based in Madrid, Spain. In addition to their domestic success, Real Madrid's reputation as a major club was established by their outstanding record in the European Cup. To date, they have been crowned champions of Europe a record thirteen times. Alfredo Di Stéfano, Ferenc Puskás and other famous players helped the club win the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15940472",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\n120,000 after a 1953 expansion. Since then, there have been a number of reductions due to modernizations (the last standing places went away in 1998–99 in response to UEFA regulations which forbids standing at matches in the UEFA competition), countered to some extent by expansions. The latest capacity is 81,044 spectators. A plan to add a retractable roof has been announced. Real Madrid has the fourth-highest of the average attendances of European football clubs, behind only Borussia Dortmund, Barcelona and Manchester United. The Bernabéu has hosted the 1964 UEFA European Championship final, the 1982 FIFA World Cup final, the 1957,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12722326",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nfor both clubs in the early 21st century. Another match that is often played in the European Cup/Champions League is Real Madrid vs Juventus, the most decorated Italian club. They have played each other in 21 matches and have an almost perfectly balanced record (9 wins for Juventus, 10 wins for Real Madrid, 2 draws), as well as nearly the same goal difference (Madrid ahead 26 to 25). Their first meeting was in the 1961–62 European Cup, which Real Madrid won 3-1 in a replay held in Paris. At the quarter-final stage in 1995–96, Juventus prevailed 2–1 and went on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15044148",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nBayern Munich. A total of 12 clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the three forementioned clubs, along with Liverpool, Ajax, Barcelona, Inter Milan, Manchester United, Benfica, Nottingham Forest, Juventus, and Porto. A total of 17 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament. Clubs from ten countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of 17. Italy and England are joint-second with 12, while the other multiple-time winners are Germany with seven, Netherlands with six, and Portugal with four. The only other countries to provide a tournament winner",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15044147",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nEuropean Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics This page details statistics of the European Cup and Champions League. Unless notified these statistics concern all seasons since inception of the European Cup in the 1955–56 season, including qualifying rounds of the UEFA Champions League as per \"\"Competition facts\"\"; all goals scored before league phase(s) count as \"\"qualifying goals\"\". A total of 22 clubs have won the tournament since its 1955 inception, with Real Madrid being the only team to win it thirteen times, including the first five. Only two other clubs have reached ten or more finals: Milan and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826308",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nCup together with the Europa League tournament. In the UEFA Cup – Europa League, Real Madrid has won the trophy twice in a row, in 1984–85 and in 1985–86. The UEFA Super Cup was inaugurated in 1973 as a way of determining the best team in Europe, by pitting the holders of the European Champion Clubs' Cup against the winners of the Cup Winners' Cup. It is now a competition between the winner of the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. Real Madrid first participated in the 1998 edition, after they won the 1997–98 UEFA Champions League. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4741917",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League history\"\nagainst Juventus made Real Madrid the first team ever to repeat in the Champions League era, and the first to win consecutive titles in the competition since A.C. Milan in 1989 and 1990, when the tournament was known as the European Cup. Real Madrid’s title was its 12th, extending its record, and its third in four years. The achievement is also known as \"\"La Duodécima\"\". Real Madrid won their third title in a row in 2018 against Liverpool in Kyiv, with a great overhead bicycle goal by Gareth Bale, joined by a long-range goal from the Welshman too, the match",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12722310",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nChampions League, with 120 (121 including qualifiers) goals in total, 105 while playing for Real Madrid. The team has the record number of consecutive participations in the European Cup (before it became the Champions League) with 15, from 1955–56 to 1969–70. Among the club's on-field records is a 22-game winning streak in all competitions during the 2014–15 season, a Spanish record and fourth worldwide. The same season the team tied the win-streak for games in the Champions League, with ten. In September 2017, the club equalled the record of the Brazilian club Santos, starring Pelé, by scoring in their 73rd",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1435677",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Real Madrid C.F.\"\nAncelotti), 2016 ,2017 and 2018(under manager Zinedine Zidane). Real Madrid is also six-time winners of the Intercontinental Cup/FIFA Club World Cup, defeating Peñarol, Vasco da Gama, Olimpia Asunción, San Lorenzo, Kashima Antlers and Grêmio in 1960, 1998, 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017 respectively. Football was introduced to Spain by students of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza. They included several Oxbridge graduates. In 1897, they founded a club called Sky, playing on Sunday mornings at Moncloa. In 1900, they split into two different clubs: New Foot-Ball de Madrid and Madrid Football Club. On 6 March 1902, after a new Board presided",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7136432",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nrecent occasion the final featured an English team (Chelsea). Liverpool were the most recent team to defeat Real Madrid in a European Cup Final, winning 1–0 in Paris in 1981. Besides the 1981 final, the two teams have played each other four times in the Champions League era. Liverpool won both matches in the 2008–09 UEFA Champions League round of 16, while Real Madrid won both matches in the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League group stage. \"\"Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away).\"\" The ambassador for the final was former Ukrainian",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_id": "15940473",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\n1969 and 1980 European Cup finals and the 2010 UEFA Champions League Final. The stadium has its own Madrid Metro station along the 10 line called \"\"Santiago Bernabéu\"\". On 14 November 2007, the Bernabéu has been upgraded to Elite Football Stadium status by UEFA. On 9 May 2006, the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium was inaugurated in the City of Madrid, where Real Madrid usually trains. The inaugural match was played between Real Madrid and Stade de Reims, a rematch of the 1956 European Cup final. Real Madrid won the match 6–1 with goals from Sergio Ramos, Antonio Cassano (2), Roberto",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12722324",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nmost successful clubs in the UEFA Champions League/European Cup competition, Real winning thirteen times and Bayern winning five times. Although they have never met in a final, Real Madrid versus Bayern is the match that has historically been played most often in the Champions League/European Cup with 26 matches (12 wins for Madrid, 11 wins for Bayern, with 3 draws), Real's biggest loss at home in the Champions League came at the hands of Bayern on 29 February 2000, 2–4. Real Madrid supporters often refer to Bayern as the \"\"\"\"Bestia negra\"\"\"\" (\"\"Black Beast\"\"). During the 2010s, the two teams met",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
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"chunk_id": "16562897",
"chunk_text": "\"Madrid Derby\"\nclubs from the same city played in the final. Real Madrid won 4–1 after extra time, earning their tenth European Cup after having last won in 2002. They met again in the quarter-finals of the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League. The score was 0–0 at the Vicente Calderón and 1–0 in favour of Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu. The two rivals met again in Milan for the 2016 Champions League Final. After a 1–1 draw, Real Madrid won 5–3 on penalties. They met each other again in the semi-finals of the 2016-2017 UEFA Champions League. Atlético were beaten 3–0 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "9591874",
"chunk_text": "\"Santiago Bernabéu Stadium\"\nSantiago Bernabéu Stadium The Santiago Bernabéu Stadium ( ) is a football stadium in Madrid, Spain. With a current seating capacity of 81,044, it has been the home stadium of Real Madrid since its completion in 1947. The Santiago Bernabéu is one of the world's most famous football venues. It has hosted the final of the European Cup/UEFA Champions League on four occasions: in 1957, 1969, 1980 and 2010 and hosted the second leg of the 2018 Copa Libertadores Final. The final matches for the 1964 European Nations' Cup and the 1982 FIFA World Cup, were also held at the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
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"chunk_id": "4137827",
"chunk_text": "\"Football in Madrid\"\nranking and the most valuable sports team in the world. Real are the current holders of the European Cup (UEFA Champions League) having won the competition a record 13 times. The latest of their 33 La Liga title came in 2017. Their successful hometown rivals, Atlético Madrid, are also well-supported in the city and play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano. Their supporters are referred to as \"\"Atléticos or Colchoneros\"\" (The Mattressers), in reference to the team's red and white jersey colours. Atlético is considered a European elite team, having reached in the last five seasons, two UEFA Champions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
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"chunk_id": "1059685",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nLa Liga titles, 19 Copa del Rey, 10 Supercopa de España, a Copa Eva Duarte, and a Copa de la Liga. In European and worldwide competitions, the club has won a record 25 trophies; a record 13 European Cup/UEFA Champions League titles, two UEFA Cups and four UEFA Super Cups. In international football, they have achieved a record six club world championships. Real Madrid was recognised as the FIFA Club of the 20th Century on 11 December 2000, and received the FIFA Centennial Order of Merit on 20 May 2004. The club was also awarded Best European Club of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18536558",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Cup and Europa League records and statistics\"\ntimes, and only one to win three in a row. A total of 12 clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the forementioned club, along with Liverpool, Juventus, Internazionale, Atlético Madrid, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Tottenham Hotspur, Real Madrid, IFK Göteborg, Parma, Feyenoord, Porto. A total of 32 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament. Clubs from eleven countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of eleven. Italy is second with nine while the other multiple-time winners are England with eight, Germany with six, Netherlands with four, Portugal, Sweden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "8616794",
"chunk_text": "\"Sport in Madrid\"\nSport in Madrid Madrid is home to a number of football teams and other sports teams. Madrid is home to La Liga football club giants Real Madrid, who play their home games at the Santiago Bernabéu. Their supporters are referred to as \"\"Madridistas\"\" or \"\"Merengues\"\" (Meringues). Real Madrid is one of the most prestigious football clubs of the world (FIFA selected Real Madrid the best team of the 20th century), having won a record 13 European Cups. Real has also won record 33 league titles and 19 Copa del Rey titles. Real Madrid's successful hometown rivals, Atlético Madrid, are also",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
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"chunk_text": "Trophy\nsince 2009. The original trophy was awarded to Estudiantes de La Plata in 1970 (after their third win) - the present trophy is the third, identical edition. Until 2009, clubs that win the European Champion Clubs' Cup three times in successive seasons, or five times in total, were permitted to retain the trophy in perpetuity. The present trophy has been used since 2005–06 after Liverpool's fifth win in 2005. The original trophy was awarded to Real Madrid in 1966 (after their sixth win) — the present trophy is the sixth incarnation overall. Four trophies have served as an award (out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8733631",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\ntransfer price approximated at €100 million. In Ancelotti's first season at the club, Real Madrid won the Copa del Rey, with Bale scoring the winner in the final against Barcelona. On 24 May, Real Madrid defeated city rivals Atlético Madrid in the 2014 Champions League Final, winning their first European title since 2002, and becoming the first team to win ten European Cups/Champions League titles, an achievement known as \"\"\"\"La Décima\"\"\"\". After winning the 2014 Champions League, Real Madrid signed goalkeeper Keylor Navas, midfielder Toni Kroos and attacking midfielder James Rodríguez. The club won the 2014 UEFA Super Cup against",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3013135",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nReal Madrid went into the final as top scorers of the 2016–17 Champions League, having scored 32 goals. This final is their third since 2014, and gives Real a chance to win a record 12th title. Previously they won finals in 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2014 and 2016, and lost in 1962, 1964 and 1981. This was also their 19th final in all seasonal UEFA competitions, having also played in two Cup Winners' Cup finals (losing in 1971 and 1983) and two UEFA Cup finals (winning in 1985 and 1986). Real Madrid are looking to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1372570",
"chunk_text": "Madrid\nEuropean teams ranking and the most valuable sports team in the world. Real is also the worldwide leader with a record 26 international titles, being the current holders of the UEFA Champions League and the FIFA Club World Cup. Their successful hometown rivals, Atlético Madrid, are also well-supported in the city and play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano. Their supporters are referred to as \"\"Atléticos or Colchoneros\"\" (The Mattressers), in reference to the team's red and white jersey colours. Atlético is considered a European elite team, having reached in the last ten seasons, three UEFA Europa League titles",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16562894",
"chunk_text": "\"Madrid Derby\"\nto the broader Castile (historical region)). In the modern era, the Madrid Derby is the second biggest derby in Spanish football, behind El Clásico, and although Real Madrid have the larger worldwide fanbase, Atlético Madrid have also amassed a significant worldwide fanbase, due to their level of success in the UEFA Champions League. Real Madrid is the most successful club in the UEFA Champions League, having won it thirteen times. Atlético Madrid have never won the Champions League, though they have reached the final on three occasions (losing twice against Real Madrid), and they have also won the UEFA Europa",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "7131659",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Real Madrid C.F.\"\nalso fired, the seventh coaching change in just three years. Under the guidance of new manager Vicente del Bosque, Real Madrid claimed their eighth European Cup/Champions League title. The Final, held at the newly built Stade de France in Paris, would host the competition's (including the European Cup era) first-ever Spanish final, pitting Madrid against Valencia on 24 May 2000. The game Madrid comfortably defeat \"\"Los Che\"\" 3–0, with goals coming from Fernando Morientes, Steve McManaman and Raúl. In July 2000, Florentino Pérez was elected club president, vowing to erase the club's debt and modernise the club's facilities, though the",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8733606",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nwith Barcelona and \"\"El Derbi\"\" with Atlético Madrid. Real Madrid established itself as a major force in both Spanish and European football during the 1950s, winning five consecutive European Cups and reaching the final seven times. This success was replicated in the league, where the club won five times in the space of seven years. This team, which consisted of players such as Alfredo Di Stéfano, Ferenc Puskás, Francisco Gento and Raymond Kopa, is considered by some in the sport to be the greatest team of all time. In domestic football, the club has won 64 trophies; a record 33",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15117969",
"chunk_text": "\"Santiago Bernabéu Yeste\"\nSpain, Portugal and Italy), Bernabéu met in the Ambassador Hotel in Paris with Bedrignan and Gustav Sebes and created what was at first a loosely constructed exhibition tournament played among invited teams, but which over time developed into what is today the Champions League. Under the administration of UEFA, it is the world's premier club tournament. At the time of his death, Bernabéu had been the club's president for 35 years, during which his club won 1 Intercontinental Cup, 6 European Cups, 16 League titles, 6 Spanish Cups, 2 Latin Cups and 1 Copa Eva Duarte. He died in 1978,",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "193467",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nseason was 76,234, the highest in European Leagues. Real has also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (33 as of 2016–17) and the most seasons won in a row (five, during 1960–65 and 1985–90). With 121 matches (from 17 February 1957 to 7 March 1965), the club holds the record for longest unbeaten run at home in La Liga. The club also hold the record for winning the European Cup/UEFA Champions League thirteen times and for the most semi-final appearances (28). As of April 2016, Cristiano Ronaldo is the all-time top scorer in the UEFA",
"is_relevant": null,
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1435676",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Real Madrid C.F.\"\nwere proclaimed league champions and several important players arrived at the club, such as Roberto Carlos, Predrag Mijatović, Davor Šuker and Clarence Seedorf, to strengthen a squad that already boasted the likes of Raúl, Fernando Hierro and Fernando Redondo. As a result, Real Madrid, with the addition of Fernando Morientes in 1997, finally ended its 32-year wait for the seventh European Cup in 1998 under manager Jupp Heynckes, defeating Juventus 1–0 in the Final thanks to a goal from Mijatović. Real Madrid would go on to win again in 2000, 2002 (under manager Vicente del Bosque), 2014 (under manager Carlo",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15045498",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League history\"\nHitzfeld the distinction of winning the European Cup with two teams, having lifted it in 1997 with Borussia Dortmund. Valencia had now lost two Champions League finals in a row. Real Madrid faced another German team (Bayer Leverkusen) in the 2002 final at Glasgow's Hampden Park. Real Madrid were pursuing a policy at the time of signing one world-class player a year. That season they had added multiple FIFA World Player of the Year winner, Zinedine Zidane, for a fee of €71 million. Zidane volleyed home the winner in their 2–1 victory that gave the club its ninth European Cup",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_id": "389688",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Champions League\"\nculminates with the final match in May. The winner of the UEFA Champions League qualifies for the UEFA Super Cup and the FIFA Club World Cup. Real Madrid is the most successful club in the competition's history, having won the tournament 13 times, including its first five seasons. Spanish clubs have accumulated the highest number of victories (18 wins), followed by England and Italy (12 wins apiece). England has the largest number of winning teams, with five clubs having won the title. The competition has been won by 22 clubs, 12 of which have won it more than once. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8733637",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nin terms of trophies won in the history of Real Madrid. Real Madrid won the 2017 UEFA Super Cup 2–1 against Manchester United. Five days later, Real Madrid beat Barcelona at the Camp Nou in the first leg of the 2017 Supercopa de España, before winning the second leg 2–0, ending a 24 consecutive scoring record of Barcelona in \"\"El Clásico\"\" matches, and with a 5–1 aggregate score. Real Madrid also won their third successive UEFA Champions League in 2018, becoming the first club to win three straight UEFA Champions League titles since the tournament's inception, as well as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
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"chunk_id": "4740872",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nby winning 2011–12 UEFA Champions League and 2012–13 UEFA Europa League. A total of 63 tournaments have been played, 37 in the European Cup era (1955–56 to 1991–92) and 26 in the Champions League era (1992–93 to 2017–18). 15 of the 62 attempts to defend the trophy (24.19%) have been successful, split between 8 teams. These are: Between the two eras of this competition, this breaks down as: The only team to successfully defend the trophy in the Champions League era is Real Madrid (twice), who won in 2015–16, 2016–17 and 2017–18. The teams closest to defending the trophy in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "7136429",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nMadrid reached a record 16th final after a 4–3 aggregate win against German side Bayern Munich, knocking them out of the competition for the second consecutive season. This was Real Madrid's third consecutive final, and fourth final in five tournaments with an opportunity to win a record 13th title. Previously they won finals in 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2014, 2016 and 2017; and lost in 1962, 1964 and 1981. This was also their 20th final in all seasonal UEFA competitions, having also played in two Cup Winners' Cup finals (losing in 1971 and 1983) and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4741918",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League history\"\nending 3-1 for Real Madrid. Since 2010 one team, Real Madrid, has reached the semi-finals eight times in eight years, and two teams, Bayern and Barcelona, in five years each. The format of the competition has evolved substantially over the years, notably with the introduction of a Group Phase beginning in 1991, and multiple national representatives in 1998. The following summarises the evolution of the championship format through the years: Prior to 1970, aggregate draws were settled by a play-off and (if necessary) coin-toss. Since then, it has been via the away goals rule and (if necessary) a penalty shoot-out.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
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"chunk_id": "2826301",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nReal Madrid C.F. in international football competitions Real Madrid C.F., also known simply as Real Madrid and familiarly as Real, is a professional football club based in Madrid, Spain. The club first participated in a European competition in 1955. The first international cup they took part in was the Latin Cup in which they participated as champions of Spain. The competition lasted from 1949 to 1957 and Real Madrid won two out of eight editions, as well as Barcelona and Milan. Since entering the European Cup, in 1955, the club has competed in every UEFA-organized competition, except the Intertoto Cup.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826304",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\na single host country. The competition featured two semi-finals, a third place play-off and a final. As La Liga champions in 1955, Real Madrid represented Spain in the competition. They defeated Belenenses 2–0 in their semi-final at Parc des Princes in Paris, before beating Stade Reims 2–0 in the final at the Parc des Princes. Real Madrid won the 1957 competition at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, defeating Milan in the semi-final and then Benfica 1–0 in the final. After the introduction of the European Cup, the Latin Cup was discontinued and nowadays it is not recognised by UEFA. The European",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4741916",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League history\"\nBarcelona won their fifth title, defeating Juventus by three goals to one in the final. In 2016, Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid both reached the final again. This game was a rematch of the 2014 final, and became the third all-Spanish final and the second same-city final in the tournament's history. The match went to penalties after the score finished at 1–1 at the end of extra time. Real Madrid went on to win their 11th title after beating Atlético 5–3 on penalties, with Cristiano Ronaldo scoring the winning penalty for \"\"Los Blancos\"\". The victory in the Champions League Final",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13684387",
"chunk_text": "\"Galácticos\"\nBenzema and Cristiano Ronaldo in the Madrid attack. The transfer of the Welshman is reportedly a new world record, with the transfer price around €100 million. In Ancelotti's first season at the club, Real Madrid won the Copa del Rey, with Bale scoring the winner in the final against Barcelona. On 24 May 2014, Real Madrid defeated city rivals Atlético Madrid in the Champions League Final, winning their first European title since 2002, and they became the first team to win ten European Cups, an achievement known as \"\"La Décima\"\". Real Madrid's attacking trio of Bale, Benzema and Cristiano, dubbed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4740873",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League records and statistics\"\nthe Champions League era but who were unsuccessful, all making it to the final: Of the 22 teams that have won the trophy, 14 have never defended it. Only four of these have won the trophy more than once, and so have had more than one attempt to do so. These are: During the Champions League era, only one title holder has failed to qualify from the group stage: Five clubs have won all their games in a group stage. Real Madrid are the first and only club to achieve this feat twice in 2011–12 and 2014–15. Only one club",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "193466",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nmatches was for decades the all-time highest tally in the European Cup, until it was surpassed by Raúl in 2005, which now is held by Cristiano Ronaldo with 105 goals. The fastest goal in the history of the club (12 seconds) was scored by the Brazilian Ronaldo on 3 December 2003 during a league match against Atlético Madrid. Officially, the highest home attendance figure for a Real Madrid match is 83,329, which was for a football cup competition, the Copa del Rey, in 2006. The current legal capacity of the Santiago Bernabéu is 81,044. The club's average attendance in 2007–08",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20574830",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nheadquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> With their win, Real Madrid secured a record-extending twelfth title in the European Cup/Champions League and became the first club to win back-to-back titles in the Champions League era. This was the club's third title win in four seasons; a feat that has only occurred thrice before – Real Madrid (1956–60), Ajax (1971–73) and Bayern Munich (1974–76). Real Madrid has not lost a final in the Champions League era, with their last defeat occurring in 1981. The victory also saw Madrid secure their first League – European Cup double since the 1957–58 season. Madrid's first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15045522",
"chunk_text": "\"European Cup and UEFA Champions League history\"\nthe treble. Real Madrid won their long-awaited \"\"La Decima\"\" (translates into Spanish as \"\"the tenth\"\"), their record-breaking tenth European Cup/UEFA Champions League title, in the 2013–14 season after winning 4–1 in extra time in the final against city rivals and La Liga champions Atlético Madrid. It was the first same-city final and the second all-Spanish final. Diego Simeone coached Atlético in an incredible season after clinching the Spanish league title a week before the final and his side lead 1–0 through Diego Godín until a Sergio Ramos header deep into injury time took it to extra time. The next year,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20763650",
"chunk_text": "\"European Champion Clubs' Cup\"\nfollowing season. The original European Cup trophy was donated by \"\"L'Équipe\"\", a French sports newspaper. This trophy was awarded permanently to Real Madrid in March 1967. At the time, they were the reigning champions, and had won six titles altogether, including the first five competitions from 1956 to 1960. Celtic therefore became the first club to win the cup in its current design in 1967. The replacement trophy, with a somewhat different design from the original, was commissioned by UEFA from Jörg Stadelmann, a jeweller from Bern, Switzerland. At a cost of 10,000 Swiss francs, it was silver, 74 cm",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2826306",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F. in international football competitions\"\nfor the first time. In their first edition, they lost in the final by Chelsea. In 1975, their second participation, they advanced to the quarter-final, but were beaten by Red Star Belgrade. They lost their second final in this competition in 1983 when they lost by Aberdeen after extra time. They advanced to the quarter-finals in their last participation in 1994, before the tournament was absorbed into the UEFA Cup in 1999. Nowadays this is the only European trophy played by Real Madrid that the club has not won. The Inter-Cities Fairs Cup was established on 18 April 1955, two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_634
|
total goals scored by ronaldo in la liga?
|
n/a
|
[
"309"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
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"chunk_id": "2499860",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nmissed two matches in February for assaulting a Córdoba player. In addition to a second consecutive Pichichi, he won the European Golden Shoe for a record fourth time. At the start of his seventh season at Real Madrid, the 2015–16 campaign, Ronaldo became the club's all-time top scorer, first in the league and then in all competitions. His five-goal haul in a 6–0 away win over Espanyol on 12 September took his tally in La Liga to 230 goals in 203 games, surpassing the club's previous recordholder, Raúl. A month later, on 17 October, he again surpassed Raúl when he",
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"chunk_id": "14404",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nprolific goalscoring run towards the very end of the season. For the first time in his career, he scored five goals in one game, including an eight-minute hat-trick, in a 9–1 rout of Granada on 5 April. His 300th goal for his club followed three days later in a 2–0 win against Rayo Vallecano. Subsequent hat-tricks against Sevilla, Espanyol, and Getafe took his number of hat-tricks for Real Madrid to 31, surpassing Di Stéfano's club record of 28 trebles. As a result, Ronaldo finished the season with 48 goals, two ahead of his total in the 2011–12 season, despite having",
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"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nsetting the record at 11 goals, including another four-goal haul against Malmö. Despite finishing runner-up to Messi for the FIFA Ballon d'Or, Ronaldo received criticism for his form and performances against top teams, with 14 of his goals coming against Espanyol and Malmö. However, during the second half of the season, his form gradually improved. By scoring four goals in a 7–1 home win over Celta de Vigo on 5 March 2016, Ronaldo arrived at 252 goals in La Liga to become the competition's second-highest scorer in history behind Messi. After netting the match-winning goal for 10-man Madrid in a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "10434546",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nmillion (£80 million). With Real Madrid, Ronaldo won 15 trophies, including two La Liga titles, two Copas del Rey, four UEFA Champions League titles, two UEFA Super Cups, and three FIFA Club World Cups. Real Madrid's all-time top goalscorer, Ronaldo scored a record 34 La Liga hat-tricks, including a record-tying eight hat-tricks in the 2014–15 season and is the only player to reach 30 goals in six consecutive La Liga seasons. After joining Madrid, Ronaldo finished runner-up for the Ballon d'Or three times, behind Lionel Messi, his perceived career rival, before winning back-to-back Ballons d'Or in 2013 and 2014. After",
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"page_id": 3
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"chunk_id": "10434579",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nthe 103rd minute of the Copa del Rey final, winning his first trophy in Spain. Over the next two weeks, Ronaldo scored another four-goal haul against Sevilla, a hat-trick against Getafe, and a brace of free kicks against Villarreal, taking his league total to 38 goals, which equalled the record for most goals scored in a season held by Telmo Zarra and Hugo Sánchez. His two goals in the last match of the season, against Almería, made him the first player in La Liga to score 40 goals. In addition to the Pichichi Trophy, Ronaldo consequently won the European Golden",
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"chunk_id": "5395545",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nA prolific goalscorer, Ronaldo holds the records for most official goals scored in Europe's top-five leagues (405), the UEFA Champions League (121), the UEFA European Championship (9), as well as those for most assists in the UEFA Champions League (34) and the UEFA European Championship (6). He has scored over 680 senior career goals for club and country. Born and raised on the Portuguese island of Madeira, Ronaldo was diagnosed with a racing heart at age 15. He underwent an operation to treat his condition, and began his senior club career playing for Sporting CP, before signing with Manchester United",
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"chunk_id": "14385",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nsaw him mocking the hostile crowd with a \"\"calm down\"\" gesture during his goal celebration – he would repeat this gesture at the same venue four years later during another goal celebration. His final league goal of the campaign, against Mallorca, took his total to 46 goals, four short of the new record set by Messi, and earned him the distinction of being the first player to score against all 19 opposition teams in a single season in La Liga. Ronaldo began the 2012–13 season by lifting the Supercopa de España, his third trophy in Spain. With a goal in",
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"page_id": 6
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"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nShoe for a second time, becoming the first player to win the award in two different leagues. He ended his second season at Real Madrid with a total of 53 goals in all competitions. During the following campaign, the 2011–12 season, Ronaldo surpassed his previous goalscoring feats to achieve a new personal best of 60 goals across all competitions. His 100th goal for Real Madrid came at Camp Nou in the Supercopa de España, though Barcelona claimed the trophy 5–4 on aggregate. He regained a place on the FIFA Ballon d'Or podium, as runner-up to Messi, after scoring hat-tricks against",
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"page_id": 7
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"chunk_id": "14384",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\ntitle in four years, with a record 100 points. Following a hat-trick against Levante, further increasing Madrid's lead over Barcelona, he scored his 100th league goal for Madrid in a 5–1 win over Real Sociedad on 24 March 2012, a milestone he reached in just 92 matches across three seasons, breaking the previous club record held by Ferenc Puskás. Another hat-trick in the Madrid derby against Atlético Madrid brought his total to 40 league goals, equalling his record of the previous season. On 21 April Ronaldo scored the winner in a 2–1 victory over Barcelona at the Camp Nou, which",
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"chunk_id": "10434606",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nthe Ballon d'Or for a fourth time and the inaugural Best FIFA Men's Player, a revival of the former FIFA World Player of the Year, largely owing to his success with Portugal in winning Euro 2016. In Real Madrid's 3–2 away win against Villarreal on 27 February 2017, Ronaldo overtook Hugo Sánchez as the most prolific penalty-kick scorer in La Liga history. As a result of the penalty scored by Ronaldo, Real Madrid reached its 5,900th goal in the history of the league and became the first team to do so. On 12 April, in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League",
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"chunk_id": "15398508",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nnew personal best of 61 goals in all competitions, starting with both goals in Real Madrid's 2–0 victory over Sevilla in the UEFA Super Cup. He subsequently achieved his best-ever goalscoring start to a league campaign, with a record 15 goals in the first eight rounds of La Liga, including a four-goal haul against Elche and hat-tricks against Deportivo La Coruña and Athletic Bilbao. His record 23rd hat-trick in La Liga, scored against Celta Vigo on 6 December, made him the fastest player to reach 200 goals in the Spanish league, as he reached the milestone in only his 178th",
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},
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"chunk_id": "14400",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nGolden Shoe, receiving the latter award jointly with Liverpool striker Luis Suárez. Among his haul was his 400th career goal, in 653 appearances for club and country, which came with a brace against Celta Vigo on 6 January; he dedicated his goals to compatriot Eusébio, who had died two days before. A last-minute, backheeled volley scored against Valencia on 4 May—his 50th goal in all competitions—was recognised as the best goal of the season by the Liga de Fútbol Profesional, which additionally named Ronaldo the Best Player in La Liga. During the next campaign, the 2014–15 season, Ronaldo set a",
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"page_id": 11
},
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"chunk_id": "2499834",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\non 5 May 2010, his first in the Spanish competition. His first season at Real Madrid ended trophyless. Following Raúl's departure, Ronaldo was handed the number 7 shirt for Real Madrid before the 2010–11 season. His subsequent return to his Ballon d'Or-winning form was epitomised when, for the first time in his career, he scored four goals in a single match during a 6–1 rout against Racing Santander on 23 October. His haul concluded a goalscoring run of six consecutive matches—three in La Liga, one in the Champions League, and two for Portugal—totalling 11 goals, the most he had scored",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "10434608",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nMadrid 3–0 in the semi-final first leg. His hat-trick made him the first player to reach 50 goals in the knockout stage of the competition and also the only player that scored back-to-back hat-tricks in the UEFA Champions League knockout stage. On 17 May, Ronaldo overtook Jimmy Greaves as the all-time top scorer in the top five European leagues, scoring a brace against Celta de Vigo. He finished the season with 42 goals in all competitions as he helped Madrid to win their first La Liga title since 2012 and the first team to win back-to-back finals in the Champions",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nfinish and a semi-final exit in Europe. In the latter competition, Ronaldo extended his run of scoring away to a record 12 matches with his strike in a 2–0 win against Schalke 04, before hitting a brace in the 3–4 return defeat that allowed Madrid to progress to the quarter-finals. He then scored both of his side's goals in the semi-finals against Juventus, where Madrid were eliminated 2–3 on aggregate. With 10 goals, he finished the campaign as top scorer for a third consecutive season, alongside Messi and Neymar. In La Liga, where Madrid finished second, Ronaldo went on a",
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"page_id": 14
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"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nin Europe. In the Copa del Rey, Ronaldo helped Madrid reach the final by scoring a brace of penalties against Atlético Madrid at the Vicente Calderón, the first of which meant he had now scored in every single minute of a 90-minute football match. His continued issues with his knee and thigh caused him to miss the final, where Real Madrid defeated Barcelona 2–1 to claim the trophy. While Madrid were less successful in La Liga, finishing third, Ronaldo was unmatched as a goalscorer. He scored 31 goals in 30 league games, which earned him the Pichichi and the European",
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"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nas part of a perfect hat-trick against Getafe. Following hat-tricks against Celta Vigo and Sevilla, he scored his 200th goal for Real Madrid on 8 May in a 6–2 win against Málaga, reaching the landmark in 197 games. He helped Madrid reach the Copa del Rey final by scoring a brace in \"\"El Clásico\"\", which marked the sixth successive match at Camp Nou in which he had scored, a Real Madrid record. In the final, he headed the opening goal of an eventual 2–1 defeat to Atlético Madrid, but was shown a straight red card in the 114th minute for",
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"page_id": 16
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"chunk_id": "11539968",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nat the club), he is also Real's most capped international player while with 127 caps (47 while at the club). Cristiano Ronaldo is Real Madrid's all-time top goalscorer, with 450 goals. Five other players have also scored over 200 goals for Real: Alfredo Di Stéfano (1953–64), Santillana (1971–88), Ferenc Puskás (1958–66), Hugo Sánchez (1985–92) and the previous goalscoring record-holder Raúl (1994–2010). Cristiano Ronaldo also holds the record for the most league goals scored in one season (48 in 2014–15), alongside being Real's top goalscorer of all time in La Liga history with 311 goals. Di Stéfano's 49 goals in 58",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
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"chunk_id": "5395581",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nDiego Maradona at Napoli. Since club captain Raúl already wore the number 7, the number Ronaldo wore at Manchester United, Ronaldo received the number 9 shirt, which was presented to him by former Madrid player Alfredo Di Stéfano. Ronaldo made his debut in La Liga on 29 August 2009, against Deportivo La Coruña, and scored from the penalty spot in Madrid's 3–2 home win. He scored in each of his first four league fixtures with the club, the first Madrid player to do so. His first Champions League goals for the club followed with two free kicks in the first",
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"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "10434573",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nin all competitions, 16 goals fewer than the previous season, in four more appearances. His final ever goal for Manchester United came on 10 May 2009 with a free kick in the Manchester derby at Old Trafford. Ahead of the 2009–10 season, Ronaldo joined Real Madrid for a world record transfer fee at the time, of £80 million (€94 million). His contract, which ran until 2015, was worth €11 million per year and contained a €1 billion buy-out clause. At least 80,000 fans attended his presentation at the Santiago Bernabéu, surpassing the 25-year record of 75,000 fans who had welcomed",
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_id": "10434619",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nwin over rivals Fiorentina; with this goal, Ronaldo became the first Juventus player since John Charles in 1957 to score 10 goals in his first 14 league games for the club. After placing second in both the UEFA Men's Player of the Year and The Best FIFA Men's Player for the first time in three years, behind Luka Modrić, Ronaldo performances in 2018 also saw him voted runner-up for the 2018 Ballon d'Or on 3 December, finishing once again behind his former Real Madrid teammate. Ronaldo began his international career with Portugal at the 2001 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival,",
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"chunk_id": "16565811",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)\"\nRey and Supercopa de España wins. He also won La Liga top scorer award in 1997 with 34 goals in 37 games, and the European Golden Shoe. Until the 2008–09 season, Ronaldo remained the last player to score more than 30 goals in La Liga. Ronaldo was at his physical peak at Barcelona, and many of his 47 goals involved him rounding the goalkeeper before slotting the ball into the net. Óscar García, Ronaldo's teammate that season, stated, “Back then, he was all fibre and muscle. He was a perfect physical specimen. Such incredible power matched to his technical skills",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208046",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\nwinning the match 4–3 but being eliminated on away goals after draw 6–6 on aggregate. In total, Raúl scored 323 goals for Real Madrid, breaking the long-standing club record of Alfredo Di Stéfano (307) with a volleyed goal against Sporting de Gijón on 15 February 2009. He is presently fifth on the all-time list of La Liga goalscorers, behind Argentine Lionel Messi, Portuguese Cristiano Ronaldo, Spaniard Telmo Zarra and Mexican Hugo Sánchez. Raúl and fellow long-serving teammate Iker Casillas were both awarded \"\"contracts for life\"\" in 2008, the terms of which stipulate the contract will be renewed annually for as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9208036",
"chunk_text": "\"Raúl (footballer)\"\nLeague history, behind Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi, and the fifth most capped player. In 2003, he was appointed captain of the team and retained that position until his departure from the club in 2010. In La Liga competitions, Raúl is the fifth-highest goalscorer in the history of the competition with 228 goals, behind Lionel Messi, Cristiano Ronaldo, Telmo Zarra and fellow Real Madrid legend Hugo Sánchez. He is also the highest Spanish scorer in European leagues, with 256 goals, scoring 228 goals in La Liga and 28 goals in the Bundesliga. He is also the second-most capped player in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5395607",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nscored the second goal in a 3–0 defeat of Levante at the Bernabéu to take his overall total for the club to 324 goals. Ronaldo also became the all-time top scorer in the Champions League with a hat-trick in the first group match against Shakhtar Donetsk, having finished the previous season level with Messi on 77 goals. A brace against Malmö FF, scoring in a 2–0 away win on 30 September, saw him reach the milestone of 500 career goals for both club and country. He subsequently became the first player to score double figures in the competition's group stage,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2082810",
"chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Real Madrid C.F. season\"\nthrashed Real Betis in their home opener by a score of 5–0 after braces from Gareth Bale and James Rodríguez and a goal from Karim Benzema. Cristiano Ronaldo scored five goals and had an assist for Benzema in a 6–0 away win at Espanyol. With the five goals, Ronaldo set his Spanish league goal tally to 230 goals in 203 games, surpassing Raúl's record of 228 goals in 550 games for Real Madrid in La Liga, becoming the all-time top scorer for Real Madrid in the Spanish league. Real started the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League season with a 4–0 victory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16565827",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)\"\nclub, Ronaldo scored one of the fastest goals in the club's history when he netted after 15 seconds in a league match against Atlético Madrid at the Bernabéu on 3 December 2003. Three days later he helped to ensure Real's first league victory over Barcelona at the Nou Camp in 20 years when he scored the second goal in a 2–1 victory over his former club. He finished the season as La Liga's top scorer with 25 goals and received the Pichichi Trophy for a second time, despite Madrid losing the league title to Valencia. In his final two seasons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13848956",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nAt the start of the 2017–18 season, Ronaldo scored Madrid's second goal in a 3–1 Supercopa de España first-leg victory over Barcelona at Camp Nou. Having received a yellow card for taking his shirt off during his goal celebration, he was sent off for a second yellow card offence minutes later before he shoved the referee lightly to depict his dissatisfaction. He was issued a five-match suspension following the match. In his 400th game for Real Madrid, Ronaldo scored two goals away to Borussia Dortmund in the Champions League, taking his club tally to 411 goals. On 23 October, his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10434578",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nin a single month. Ronaldo subsequently scored further hat-tricks against Athletic Bilbao, Levante, Villarreal, and Málaga. Despite his performance, he failed to make the podium for the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or at the end of 2010. During a historical series of four \"\"Clásicos\"\" against rivals Barcelona in April 2011, Ronaldo scored twice to equal his personal record of 42 goals in all competitions in a single season. Although he failed to find the net during Madrid's eventual elimination in the Champions League semi-finals, he equalised from the penalty spot in the return league game and scored the match-winning goal in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10434640",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nthe group stage on goal difference. Ronaldo scored five goals, including a hat-trick against Armenia, in the qualification for Euro 2016. With the only goal in another victory over Armenia on 14 November 2014, he reached 23 goals in the European Championship, including qualifying matches, to become the competition's all-time leading goalscorer. At the start of the tournament, however, Ronaldo failed to convert his chances in Portugal's draws against Iceland and Austria, despite taking a total of 20 shots on goal. In the latter match, he overtook Luís Figo as his nation's most capped player with his 128th international appearance,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "193467",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nseason was 76,234, the highest in European Leagues. Real has also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (33 as of 2016–17) and the most seasons won in a row (five, during 1960–65 and 1985–90). With 121 matches (from 17 February 1957 to 7 March 1965), the club holds the record for longest unbeaten run at home in La Liga. The club also hold the record for winning the European Cup/UEFA Champions League thirteen times and for the most semi-final appearances (28). As of April 2016, Cristiano Ronaldo is the all-time top scorer in the UEFA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10434590",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nhalf of the campaign, Ronaldo suggested that he was in the best form of his career. By late November, he had scored 32 goals from 22 matches played for both club and country, including hat-tricks against Galatasaray, Sevilla, Real Sociedad, Northern Ireland, and Sweden. He ended 2013 with a total of 69 goals in 59 appearances, his highest year-end goal tally. His efforts earned him the FIFA Ballon d'Or, an amalgamation of the Ballon d'Or and the FIFA World Player of the Year award, for the first time in his career. Concurrently with his individual achievements, Ronaldo enjoyed his greatest",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12722286",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nended 1–1 with penalty goals for both sides), the Copa del Rey final (which ended 1–0 to Madrid) and the controversial two-legged Champions League semifinal on 27 April and 2 May (3–1 loss on aggregate) to Barcelona. In the 2011–12 La Liga season, Real Madrid won La Liga for a record 32nd time in the league's history, also finishing the season with numerous club-level records set, including 100 points reached in a single season, a total of 121 goals scored, a goal difference of +89 and 16 away wins, with 32 wins overall. In the same season, Cristiano Ronaldo become",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5395624",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nLiga goal in his 286th La Liga appearance, making him the fastest player to reach this landmark and only the second player to do so after Lionel Messi. On 18 March, he reached his 50th career hat-trick, scoring four goals in a 6–3 win against Girona. On 3 April, Ronaldo scored the first two goals in a 3–0 away win against Juventus in the quarter-finals of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League, with his second goal being an acrobatic bicycle kick. The goal, described as a \"\"PlayStation goal\"\" by Juventus defender Andrea Barzagli, garnered him a standing ovation from the Juventus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14335322",
"chunk_text": "\"El Viejo Clásico\"\nimportant upcoming games, and in the same fixture in May 2012 they achieved the same result and scoreline to clinch their 32nd title in Bilbao, becoming the first visiting team to win the league in the city. Cristiano Ronaldo scored in both matches, and he is Real Madrid's top goalscorer in the fixture having overtaken Raúl's tally of 15 in 2016. Both Ronaldo and Athletic's Zarra have 17 league goals in the fixture, but Zarra is still some way ahead overall with 24. 9 goals: 8 goals: 7 goals: 7 goal margin: 6 goal margin: 5 goal margin: Over their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2499865",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nto keep him with Madrid until 2021. On 19 November, he scored a hat-trick in a 3–0 away win against Atlético Madrid, making him the all-time top scorer in the Madrid derby with 18 goals. On 15 December, Ronaldo scored his 500th club career goal in the 2–0 victory over Club América in the semi-finals of the FIFA Club World Cup. He then scored a hat-trick in the 4–2 win over Japanese club Kashima Antlers in the final. Ronaldo finished the tournament as top scorer with four goals and was also named the best player of the tournament. He won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20776100",
"chunk_text": "\"Luís Figo\"\nLuís Figo Luís Filipe Madeira Caeiro Figo (; born 4 November 1972) is a retired Portuguese professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Sporting CP, Barcelona, Real Madrid and Inter Milan before retiring on 31 May 2009. He won 127 caps for the Portugal national team, a record at the time but later broken by Cristiano Ronaldo. Renowned for his creativity and ability to get past defenders as a winger, Figo is regarded as one of the greatest players of his generation. His 106 assists are the second-most in La Liga history, behind Lionel Messi. He won the 2000",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8733629",
"chunk_text": "\"Real Madrid C.F.\"\nthe fastest player to reach 100 goals scored in Spanish league history. In reaching 101 goals in 92 games, Ronaldo surpassed Real Madrid legend Ferenc Puskás, who scored 100 goals in 105 matches. Ronaldo set a new club mark for individual goals scored in one year (60), and became the first player ever to score against all 19 opposition teams in a single season. Real Madrid began the 2012–13 season winning the Supercopa de España, defeating Barcelona on away goals, but finished as second in the league competition. A major transfer of the season was signing from Tottenham Hotspur of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "347314",
"chunk_text": "\"2013–14 La Liga\"\nBarcelona. However, with the two teams facing off, Barcelona could claim the title with a win. The game ended in a draw, giving the \"\"Colchoneros\"\" their first league title in 18 years, and their tenth overall. It was the first time since the 2003–04 La Liga that a club other than Barcelona or Real Madrid, who finished second and third respectively, have won the title. Osasuna, Real Valladolid and Real Betis finished in the bottom three and were relegated. Cristiano Ronaldo won the La Liga Award for Best Player for the first time. As the top scorer with 31 goals,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10434581",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nReal Zaragoza, Rayo Vallecano, Málaga, Osasuna, and Sevilla, the last of which put Madrid on top of the league by the season's midway point. Despite two goals from Ronaldo, Madrid were subsequently defeated by Barcelona 4–3 on aggregrate in the quarter-finals of the Copa del Rey. He again scored twice, including a penalty, in the Champions League semi-finals against Bayern Munich, resulting in a 3–3 draw, but his penalty kick in the shootout was saved by Manuel Neuer, leading to Madrid's elimination. Ronaldo found greater team success in the league, as he helped Real Madrid win their first La Liga",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16565824",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)\"\nin 2018. Having signed for Real Madrid for €46 million, his jersey sales broke all records on the first day. Ronaldo was part of the \"\"Galácticos\"\" era of global stars signed by the club every summer, which included Zinedine Zidane, Luís Figo, Roberto Carlos and David Beckham. He was sidelined through injury until October 2002 which added to the fans anticipation. Ronaldo scored twice on his debut against Alavés, the first 61 seconds after coming on, and he received a standing ovation at the Santiago Bernabéu as he left the field. That same reception was observed at the final game",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "13848995",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nto do so in total. His third goal saw him curl in a 30-yard free kick with two minutes remaining for the equaliser. His hat-trick also drew him level with Ferenc Puskás as the highest European goalscorer of all-time, with 84 international goals. In Portugal's second game on 20 June, Ronaldo scored the only goal in a 1–0 victory against Morocco, breaking Puskás' record. In the final group match against Iran on 25 June, Ronaldo missed a penalty in an eventual 1–1 draw which saw Portugal progress to the second round as group runners-up behind Spain. On 30 June, Portugal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "347321",
"chunk_text": "\"2013–14 La Liga\"\nfinal match. Cristiano Ronaldo won the league scoring title with 31 goals. Messi was second and Costa third. Ángel Di María had most assists with 17. Thibaut Courtois won the Ricardo Zamora Trophy for best goalkeeper. Barcelona was the least penalised team. The table lists the positions of teams after completion of each round. The Pichichi Trophy is awarded by newspaper \"\"Marca\"\" to the player who scores the most goals in a season. Source: pichichi.es The Zamora Trophy is awarded by newspaper \"\"Marca\"\" to the goalkeeper with least goals-to-games ratio. Keepers must play at least 28 games of 60 or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "5395582",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\ngroup match against Zürich. His strong start to the season, however, was interrupted when he suffered an ankle injury in October while on international duty, which kept him sidelined for seven weeks. A week after his return, he received his first red card in Spain in a match against Almería. Midway through the season, Ronaldo placed second in the running for the Ballon d'Or and the FIFA World Player of the Year award, behind Lionel Messi of Barcelona, Madrid's historic rivals. He finished the campaign with 33 goals in all competitions, including a hat-trick in a 4–1 win against Mallorca",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14370",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nscored a total of 42 goals in all competitions during the 2007–08 season, his most prolific campaign during his time in England. He missed three matches after headbutting a Portsmouth player at the start of the season, an experience he said taught him not to let opponents provoke him. At the end of 2007, Ronaldo was named runner-up to Kaká for the Ballon d'Or, and came third, behind Kaká and Lionel Messi, in the running for the FIFA World Player of the Year award. Ronaldo scored his first and only hat-trick for Manchester United in a 6–0 win against Newcastle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15398504",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristiano Ronaldo\"\nteam success in Spain to date, as he helped Real Madrid win \"\"La Décima\"\", their tenth European Cup. In the knockout phase of the competition, he scored a brace in each leg of a 9–2 aggregate win against Schalke 04, helping Madrid advance to the quarter-finals. His goal in a 3–0 home win over Borussia Dortmund—his 100th Champions League match—took his total for the season to 14 goals, equalling the record Messi had set two years before. After hitting a brace in a 4–0 defeat of Bayern Munich at the Allianz Arena, he scored from the penalty spot in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16562899",
"chunk_text": "\"Madrid Derby\"\n2017–18 UEFA Europa League. Atlético came from behind to win the match 4–2 after extra time for their third UEFA Super Cup title. This was the first ever meeting of two teams from the same city in the UEFA Super Cup. As of 29 September 2018, the top scorer of all time in the Madrid Derby is Cristiano Ronaldo with 22 goals scored. The top scorer for Atlético in the derby matches is Paco Campos, with 12 goals. Players in bold are still active. The players with the most appearances in the Madrid Derby are Francisco Gento and Manolo Sanchís",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15407103",
"chunk_text": "\"2015–16 La Liga\"\n2015–16 La Liga The 2015–16 La Liga football season (known as the \"\"Liga BBVA\"\" for sponsorship reasons) was the 85th since its establishment. Barcelona were the defending champions. It started on 21 August 2015 and concluded on 15 May 2016. Barcelona retained the title (their 24th Liga title) after beating Granada 3–0 on the final matchday. Luis Suárez finished as top scorer, being the first player apart from Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo to do so since the 2008–09 season. A total of 20 teams contested the league, including 17 sides from the 2014–15 season and three promoted from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16565792",
"chunk_text": "\"Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)\"\nwon the European Golden Boot after scoring 34 goals in La Liga, and he was named Serie A Footballer of the Year in 1998. One of the most marketable sportsmen in the world, the first Nike Mercurial boots–R9–were commissioned for Ronaldo in 1998. He was named in the FIFA 100, a list of the greatest living players compiled in 2004 by Pelé, and was inducted into the Brazilian Football Museum Hall of Fame and the Italian Football Hall of Fame. Ronaldo played for Brazil in 98 matches, scoring 62 goals, and is the second-highest goalscorer for his national team, trailing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11800770",
"chunk_text": "\"Alfredo Di Stéfano\"\nfor Spain after moving to Madrid, but he also played for Argentina and Colombia. Di Stéfano, nicknamed \"\"Saeta rubia\"\" (\"\"Blond Arrow\"\"), was a powerful, quick, skillful, and prolific forward, with great stamina, tactical versatility, creativity, and vision, who could also play almost anywhere on the pitch. He is currently the sixth highest scorer in the history of Spain's top division, and Real Madrid's third highest league goalscorer of all time, with 216 goals in 282 league matches between 1953 and 1964. He is Madrid's leading goalscorer in the history of \"\"El Clásico\"\", alongside Cristiano Ronaldo. In November 2003, to celebrate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_635
|
when was kudzu introduced to the united states?
|
n/a
|
[
"1876",
"in 1876"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5829229",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nin leaf litter associated with kudzu infestation results in changes to decomposition processes and a 28% reduction in stocks of soil carbon, with potential implications for processes involved in climate change. Kudzu was introduced from Japan into the United States at the Japanese pavilion in the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. In the 1930s and 1940s, the vine was rebranded as a way for farmers to stop soil erosion. Workers were paid $8 per acre to sow topsoil with the invasive vine. The cultivation covered over one million acres of kudzu. It is now common along roadsides and other disturbed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587808",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nto the 30th parallel north (the island of Kuchinoshima) and many of the lowlands and the islands. In Korea, kudzu grows in areas where the temperature can drop to . The kudzu plant was introduced to the United States from Japan in 1876 at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Kudzu was introduced to the Southeast in 1883 at the New Orleans Exposition. The vine was widely marketed in the Southeast as an ornamental plant to be used to shade porches, and in the first half of the 20th century, kudzu was distributed as a high-protein content cattle fodder and as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809536",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nin Pennsylvania. When kudzu was first introduced in the southeast, it was initially used as an ornamental vine to shade homes. By the early 20th century, southerners began to use kudzu for purposes other than ornamentation and so kudzu began to come closer in contact with the land which, in turn, encouraged its spread throughout the southeast. In the 135 years since its introduction, kudzu has spread over three million hectares (ha) of the southern United States, and continues to 'consume' the south at an estimated rate of per year, destroying power lines, buildings, and native vegetation in its path.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587810",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nStates allowed the kudzu to grow virtually unchecked. In 1953 the United States Department of Agriculture removed kudzu from a list of suggested cover plants and listed it as a weed in 1970. By 1997, the vine was placed on the \"\"Federal Noxious Weed List\"\". Today, kudzu is estimated to cover of land in the southeastern United States, mostly in Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina and Mississippi. It has been recorded in Nova Scotia, Canada, in Columbus, Ohio, and in all five boroughs of New York City. In the United States, kudzu has been used as livestock",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587803",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nKudzu in the United States Kudzu is an invasive plant species in the United States. It has been spreading in the southern U.S. at the rate of 150,000 acres (61,000 ha) annually, \"\"easily outpacing the use of herbicide spraying and mowing, as well increasing the costs of these controls by $6 million annually\"\". This claim, however, was disputed in 2015 with the United States Forest Service estimating an increase of only 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) per year. Its introduction has produced devastating environmental consequences. This has earned it the nickname, \"\"The vine that ate the South\"\". Kudzu is a perennial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809526",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nkudzu as it became a \"\"structural parasite\"\" of the South, enveloping entire structures when untreated and often referred to as \"\"the vine that ate the South\"\". The word \"\"kudzu\"\" comes from the Japanese word for the plant, 葛, or \"\"kuzu\"\". Kudzu is believed to have originated in Japan, where the ecosystem (primarily the tendency of kudzu to experience above-ground die back over winter) kept the vine from becoming a nuisance, and it is thought to have been introduced to China and likely Korea. In Japan, kudzu thrives in mountainous regions, ranging from the 44th parallel north (the island of Hokkaido)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19267832",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nGerald Waldron made the Leamington find while walking along the beach. He recognized the kudzu instantly, having read about its destructive expansion in the southeastern United States. During World War II, kudzu was introduced to Vanuatu and Fiji by United States Armed Forces to serve as camouflage for equipment and has become a major weed. Kudzu is also becoming a problem in northeastern Australia, and has been seen in Switzerland and in isolated spots in Northern Italy (Lake Maggiore). In New Zealand, kudzu was declared an \"\"unwanted organism\"\" and was added to the Biosecurity New Zealand register in 2002. For",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3879084",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu (comic strip)\"\nadaptation of the strip, \"\"Kudzu, A Southern Musical\"\", which was produced in Washington, D.C. in 1998. Kudzu (comic strip) Kudzu was a daily comic strip by Pulitzer Prize-winning editorial cartoonist Doug Marlette about rural Southerners. Distributed by Universal Press Syndicate, the strip ran from 1981 to 2007. The title came from the kudzu vine which was introduced to the Southern United States (and initially encouraged) as a soil erosion control plant, but soon became an out-of-control invasive species. The daily strip was launched on a Monday, June 15, 1981. At its peak, it was syndicated in 300 newspapers. Marlette was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3879081",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu (comic strip)\"\nKudzu (comic strip) Kudzu was a daily comic strip by Pulitzer Prize-winning editorial cartoonist Doug Marlette about rural Southerners. Distributed by Universal Press Syndicate, the strip ran from 1981 to 2007. The title came from the kudzu vine which was introduced to the Southern United States (and initially encouraged) as a soil erosion control plant, but soon became an out-of-control invasive species. The daily strip was launched on a Monday, June 15, 1981. At its peak, it was syndicated in 300 newspapers. Marlette was killed in a car accident on July 10, 2007, in Marshall County, Mississippi. \"\"Kudzu\"\" is no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809553",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nIt has also been suggested that humans can help control the invasive vine by eating it as well. Kudzu in the United States Kudzu is an invasive plant species in the United States. It has been spreading in the southern U.S. at the rate of 150,000 acres (61,000 ha) annually, \"\"easily outpacing the use of herbicide spraying and mowing, as well increasing the costs of these controls by $6 million annually\"\". This claim, however, was disputed in 2015 with the United States Forest Service estimating an increase of only 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) per year. Its introduction has produced devastating",
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"page_id": 9
},
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"chunk_id": "19587812",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nto make hay that sick animals will eat. The starch is used in Japanese cuisine, and is widely consumed as such in that country. Kudzu is also used as a food crop in Java, Sumatra, and Malaya, and can be found in Puerto Rico and South America. Other uses may include: paper products, food products, insect repellents (the smoke from burning leaves), honey, and methane production. Kudzu also has potential as a source for biofuel. Kudzu was intentionally introduced to North America by the Soil Erosion Service and Civilian Conservation Corp in 1876 for the purpose of controlling soil erosion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5829222",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nKudzu Kudzu (; also called Japanese arrowroot) is a group of plants in the genus \"\"Pueraria\"\", in the pea family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. They are climbing, coiling, and trailing perennial vines native to much of eastern Asia, Southeast Asia, and some Pacific islands. The name is derived from the Japanese name for the plant East Asian arrowroot (\"\"Pueraria montana\"\" var. \"\"lobata\"\"), or (\"\"kuzu\"\"). Where these plants are naturalized, they can be invasive and are considered noxious weeds. The plant climbs over trees or shrubs and grows so rapidly that it kills them by heavy shading. The plant is edible, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19587809",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\na cover plant to prevent soil erosion. It was cultivated by Civilian Conservation Corps workers as a solution for the erosion during the Dust Bowl. The Soil Erosion Service recommended the use of kudzu to help control erosion of slopes which led to the government-aided distribution of 85 million seedlings and government-funded plantings of kudzu which paid $19.75 per hectare. By 1946, it was estimated that of kudzu had been planted. When boll weevil infestations and the failure of cotton crops caused farmers to abandon their farms, kudzu plantings were left unattended. The climate and environment of the Southeastern United",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18244846",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nareas throughout most of the southeastern United States as far north as rural areas of Pulaski County, Illinois. Estimates of its rate of spreading differ wildly; it has been described as spreading at the rate of annually, although in 2015 the United States Forest Service estimated the rate to be only 2,500 acres per year. Kudzu was discovered July 2009 in a patch wide and across, on a south-facing slope on the shore of Lake Erie near Leamington, Ontario, about southeast of Windsor. Leamington is located in the second warmest growing region of Canada after south coastal British Columbia. Ecologist",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587814",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nIn the United States, kudzu is extensively reported in Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, D.C., Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, North Dakota, New Jersey, Oregon, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. Of these states, three in the southeast have the heaviest infestations: Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Kudzu kills or damages other plants by smothering them under a blanket of leaves, encompassing tree trunks, breaking branches, or even uprooting entire trees. Kudzu's ability to grow quickly, survive in areas of low nitrogen availability, and acquire resources quickly allows it to out-compete native",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14783696",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu League\"\nKudzu League The \"\"Kudzu League\"\" are a loosely defined group of prestigious universities in the southern United States. The term is a parody of the term \"\"Ivy League\"\" (used to designate a set of eight prestigious universities in New England and the mid-Atlantic states) and alludes to the proliferation of kudzu in the American South since its introduction from Japan in the late 1800s for erosion-control purposes. Schools frequently labeled with the term include: The prestigious institutions Emory University and The College of William and Mary, located respectively in Atlanta, Georgia, and Williamsburg, Virginia, are often listed as additional members",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14783697",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu League\"\ndue to their academic excellence and location. However, as they do not participate in FBS-level college football, they are sometimes omitted. Kudzu League The \"\"Kudzu League\"\" are a loosely defined group of prestigious universities in the southern United States. The term is a parody of the term \"\"Ivy League\"\" (used to designate a set of eight prestigious universities in New England and the mid-Atlantic states) and alludes to the proliferation of kudzu in the American South since its introduction from Japan in the late 1800s for erosion-control purposes. Schools frequently labeled with the term include: The prestigious institutions Emory University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3982473",
"chunk_text": "\"Columbian exchange\"\nof the New World. Since its abolishment in 1865 in the USA and its total extinction by 1890 in the rest of the New World, it has remained a key subject in politics, pop culture and media. Plants that arrived by land, sea, or air in the times before 1492 are called archaeophytes, and plants introduced to Europe after those times are called neophytes. Invasive species of plants and pathogens also were introduced by chance, including such weeds as tumbleweeds (\"\"Salsola\"\" spp.) and wild oats (\"\"Avena fatua\"\"). Some plants introduced intentionally, such as the kudzu vine introduced in 1894 from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5009336",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu (newspaper)\"\nKudzu (newspaper) The Kudzu was a counterculture underground newspaper published in Jackson, Mississippi starting in September 1968. Promising \"\"Subterranean News from the Heart of Ole Dixie\"\" and offering a blend of hip culture and radical politics, it was founded by members of the Southern Student Organizing Committee (SSOC), a student activist group affiliated with SDS. Founding editors were Cassell Carpenter, David Doggett, and Everett Long, students at Millsaps College in Jackson. Despite harassment by police and city officials it survived until May 1972. Before launching \"\"Kudzu\"\" David Doggett, who had been hired as a full-time organizer for Mississippi by SSOC,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10883355",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nkudzu-infested habitats, and takes effect quickly enough that kudzu treated with it in the morning starts showing evidence of damage by midafternoon. Initial formulations of the herbicide produced toxic levels of other trichothecenes as byproducts, though the ARS discovered growing \"\"M. verrucaria\"\" in a fermenter on a liquid, instead of a solid, diet limited or eliminated the problem. Kudzu Kudzu (; also called Japanese arrowroot) is a group of plants in the genus \"\"Pueraria\"\", in the pea family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. They are climbing, coiling, and trailing perennial vines native to much of eastern Asia, Southeast Asia, and some Pacific",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17252919",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nthen builds up in the soil, allowing the maintenance of large leaf areas and high photosynthetic rates. While little research has been conducted on the impacts of plant invasion on atmospheric conditions, a study conducted at Stony Brook University in New York shows that kudzu has increased the concentration of atmospheric NOx in the eastern United States, which causes a 2 ppb increase in tropospheric ozone during high temperature events in addition to soil acidification, aluminum mobilization, and leaching of nitrate (NO) into aquatic ecosystems. Once established in a habitat, kudzu is able to grow very quickly. Kudzu can grow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5829223",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\noften sprayed with herbicides. The name kudzu describes one or more species in the genus \"\"Pueraria\"\" that are closely related, and some of them are considered to be varieties rather than full species. The morphological differences between them are subtle; they can breed with each other, and introduced kudzu populations in the United States apparently have ancestry from more than one of the species. They are: Kudzu spreads by vegetative reproduction via stolons (runners) that root at the nodes to form new plants and by rhizomes. Kudzu also spreads by seeds, which are contained in pods and mature in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20625040",
"chunk_text": "\"Pueraria montana\"\nLake Lugano. During World War II, kudzu was introduced to Vanuatu and Fiji by United States Armed Forces to serve as camouflage for equipment. It is now a major weed there. \"\"Pueraria montana\"\" is also becoming a problem in northeastern Australia. In the United States, \"\"Pueraria montana\"\" is extensively reported in Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Washington, D.C., Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, North Dakota, New Jersey, Oregon, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. Of these states, three in the southeast have the heaviest infestations: Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Pueraria montana Pueraria",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18660613",
"chunk_text": "\"Invasive species in the United States\"\n2001. The federal government has historically promoted the introduction and widespread distribution of species that would become invasive, including multiflora rose, kudzu, and others for numerous reasons. Before the 20th century, numerous species were imported and released without government oversight, such as the gypsy moth and house sparrow. Over 50% of flora recognized as invasive or noxious weeds were deliberately introduced to the United States, by either government policy or individuals. Current government policy can be broadly separated into two categories: preventing entry of a potential invasive species and controlling the spread of species already present. This is carried out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587815",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nspecies. Of the plants that can successfully compete with kudzu, many are other invasive species such as the Chinese privet and the Japanese honeysuckle. In the southeast, the spread of kudzu is especially troublesome because of the high level of biodiversity in this region that is not found in other regions of the United States. Kudzu and other invasive weeds pose a significant threat to the biodiversity in the southeast. They reduce the environment to impoverished \"\"vine barrens\"\". The fast growth and high competitive ability is achieved through several key features of kudzu that are detailed below. Kudzu is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19587804",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nvine native to Asia, primarily subtropical and temperate regions of China, Japan, and Korea, with trifoliate leaves composed of three leaflets. Five species in the genus \"\"Pueraria\"\" (\"\"P. montana\"\", \"\"P. lobata\"\", \"\"P. edulis\"\", \"\"P. phaseoloides\"\" and \"\"P. thomsoni\"\") are closely related and kudzu populations in the United States seem to have ancestry from more than one of the species. Each leaflet is large and ovate with two to three lobes each and hair on the underside. The leaves have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, which can supply up to 95% of leaf nitrogen to the plant in poor soils.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4141433",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu.com\nKudzu.com Kudzu.com is an online directory that aggregates user reviews and ratings on local businesses, merchants, and service providers. Kudzu.com is owned and operated by Cox Media Group. As of Nov 30, the website shut down. The website originally served the market of Atlanta, and expanded to Arizona, San Diego, and Las Vegas in the fall of 2006. In the fall of 2007, Kudzu.com expanded its listings on a national level, offering business information and the ability for customers to rate and review businesses in all markets across the United States. In August 2010, Kudzu.com partnered with HGTV, in which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2915333",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nko-hemp, is used traditionally to make clothing and paper, and has also been investigated for industrial-scale use. The stems are traditionally used for basketry. It may become a valuable asset for the production of cellulosic ethanol. In the Southern United States, kudzu is used to make soaps, lotions, and compost. Kudzu's environmental and ecological damage results from its outcompeting other species for a resource. Kudzu competes with native flora for light, and acts to block their access to this vital resource by growing over them and shading them with its leaves. Native plants may then die as a result. Changes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17252920",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nup to 60 feet per season, or about one foot per day. Kudzu is also able to allocate large portions of carbon to root growth, allowing it to acquire sufficient nutrients for rapid growth and to spread clonally. Primary kudzu roots can weigh over 180 kg, grow to 18 cm in diameter, and penetrate soil at a rate of 3 cm in depth per day. Kudzu can also root wherever stems make contact with soil, allowing vines to grow in all directions. Once rooted, most stems lose connection with each other within one year, allowing each stem to become a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20453382",
"chunk_text": "\"Ulmus pumila\"\nin 1910 from William Purdom in northern China. A specimen obtained from Späth and planted in 1914 stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk, in the early 20th century. The popularity of \"\"U. pumila\"\" in the Great Britain has been almost exclusively as a bonsai subject, and mature trees are largely restricted to arboreta. Introduced to the United States in 1905 by Prof. J. G. Jack, and later by Meyer, the tree was initially cultivated at the USDA Experimental Station at Mandan, North Dakota, where it flourished. It was consequently selected by the USDA for planting in shelter belts across",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17252921",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nphysiologically independent individual, and requiring that all stems be treated or removed in order to eliminate a population. In addition to its abilities to obtain nutrients and spread quickly, kudzu leaves have paraheliotropic movements, meaning that they move in response to the movement of the sun in order to maximize photosynthetic productivity. Kudzu is also a \"\"structural parasite\"\", meaning that, rather than supporting itself, it grows on top of other plants and buildings to reach light. Its ability to reproduce and spread quickly allows it to quickly cover shrubs, trees, and forests, where it blocks the Sun's rays from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19978951",
"chunk_text": "\"Megacopta cribraria\"\ndealing with the kudzu bug. Universities in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina, such as North Carolina State University and Georgia State University, have produced publications since 2011 until 2014 regarding \"\"M. cribraria\"\" pest management. One recent work demonstrates that the kudzu bug's diet in Alabama is broader than originally believed. Megacopta cribraria Megacopta cribraria, also called the bean plataspid, kudzu bug, kudzu beetle, globular stink bug and lablab bug, is a shield bug native to India and China, where it is an agricultural pest of lablab beans and other legumes. The bug, while harmless to houseplants and people, often",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809546",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\ninvaded 190 of the 2,000 total acres of the park and threatens to diminish the historical value of the park. There are several methods for controlling kudzu growth that are used in the Southeastern United States. These include mechanical, chemical, and biological methods. Most mechanical means of kudzu removal practiced in the southeastern United States involve mowing the vine or cutting it back. These methods, though more effective than herbicides, are more time consuming. Vines must be mowed down just above ground level every month or two during the growing season in order to prevent them from growing back. When",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17252922",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nplants below it, decreasing or completely eliminating their photosynthetic productivity. The economic impact of kudzu in the United States is estimated at $100 million to $500 million lost per year in forest productivity. In addition, it takes about $5,000 per hectare (2.5 acres) per year to control kudzu. Power companies must spend about $1.5 million per year to repair damage to power lines. Kudzu management is of great concern in the management of national parks in the southeast such as Vicksburg National Military Park, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, and Great Smoky Mountains National Park. In Vicksburg, kudzu has",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5829295",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\ninitial herbicidal treatment, follow-up treatments and monitoring are usually necessary, depending on how long the kudzu has been growing in the area. Up to 10 years of supervision may be needed after the initial chemical placement to make sure the plant does not return. Since 1998, the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) has experimented with using the fungus \"\"Myrothecium verrucaria\"\" as a biologically based herbicide against kudzu. A diacetylverrucarol spray based on \"\"M. verrucaria\"\" works under a variety of conditions (including the absence of dew), causes minimal injury to many of the other woody plants in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5009338",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu (newspaper)\"\nprinter in Jackson, \"\"Kudzu\"\" was forced to go to \"\"The Louisiana Weekly\"\", a black newspaper in New Orleans, to get the paper printed. The paper had few advertisers and was financed mostly out of the pockets of the editors, who lost the small amount of financial support they were receiving from SSOC when that group disbanded in mid-1969. Kudzu (newspaper) The Kudzu was a counterculture underground newspaper published in Jackson, Mississippi starting in September 1968. Promising \"\"Subterranean News from the Heart of Ole Dixie\"\" and offering a blend of hip culture and radical politics, it was founded by members of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809540",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nvery stress-tolerant plant. Kudzu is drought tolerant and only the above ground portions of the plant are damaged by frost. Kudzu also forms symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen (N) into ammonium which can be used by surrounding plants. Now the dominant nitrogen-fixing plant in the eastern United States, kudzu fixes an estimated 235 kg of nitrogen per hectare per year, which is an order of magnitude higher than the rates of native species. This ability allows it to flourish in nitrogen-poor sites where other plants are unable to grow. In the absence of other plants, nitrogen",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2915332",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nteas and tinctures. Kudzu powder is used in Japan to make an herbal tea called \"\"kuzuyu\"\". Kakkonto (葛根湯, Mandarin Chinese: \"\"gěgēntāng\"\", Japanese: \"\"kakkontō\"\") is a herbal drink with its origin in traditional Chinese medicine. It is made from a mixture of ginger, cinnamon, Chinese peony, licorice, jujube, ephedra, and powder ground from the root of the kudzu plant. As the name, which translates literally to \"\"kudzu infusion\"\", implies, kudzu, or \"\"Pueraria lobata\"\", serves as the main ingredient. Together these plants are used to create a drink containing puerarin, daidzein, paenoflorin, cinnamic acid, glycyrrhizin, ephedrine and gingerol. Kudzu fiber, known as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809525",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nconcentration in roots, which aids root growth. The roots can account for up to 40% of total plant biomass. Kudzu's primary method of reproduction is asexual vegetative spread (cloning) which is aided by the ability to root wherever a stem is exposed to soil. For sexual reproduction, kudzu is entirely dependent on pollinators. Although kudzu prefers forest regrowth and edge habitats with high sun exposure, the plant can survive in full sun or partial shade. These attributes of kudzu made it attractive as an ornamental plant for shading porches in the southeastern United States, but they facilitated the growth of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1772925",
"chunk_text": "Kumquat\nThe earliest historical reference to kumquats appears in literature of China from the 12th century. They have long been cultivated in India, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, and southeast Asia. They were introduced to Europe in 1846 by Robert Fortune, collector for the London Horticultural Society, and shortly thereafter were brought to North America. They are slow-growing evergreen shrubs or short trees that stand tall, with dense branches, sometimes bearing small thorns. The leaves are dark glossy green, and the flowers are white, similar to other citrus flowers, and can be borne singly or clustered within the leaf-axils. Depending on size,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20625034",
"chunk_text": "\"Pueraria montana\"\nPueraria montana Pueraria montana is a species of plant in the botanical family Fabaceae. At least three sub-species (alternatively called varieties) are known. It is closely related to other species in the genus \"\"Pueraria\"\" (\"\"P. edulis\"\" and \"\"P. phaseoloides\"\") and the common name kudzu is used for all of these species and hybrids between them. The morphological differences between them are subtle, they can breed with each other, and it appears that introduced kudzu populations in the United States have ancestry from more than one of the species. It is a seasonal climbing plant, growing high where suitable surfaces (trees,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18244838",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nautumn, although this is rare. One or two viable seeds are produced per cluster of pods. The hard-coated seeds can remain viable for several years, and can successfully germinate only when soil is persistently soggy for 5-7 days, with temperatures above 20°C (68°F). Once germinated, saplings must be kept in a well-drained medium that retains high moisture. During this stage of growth, kudzu must receive as much sunlight as possible. Kudzu saplings are sensitive to mechanical disturbance, and are damaged by chemical fertilizers. They do not tolerate long periods of shade or high water tables. Kudzu has been used as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20459688",
"chunk_text": "\"Invasive species\"\ndecline and even extinction of native species. For example, hybridization with introduced cordgrass, \"\"Spartina alterniflora\"\", threatens the existence of California cordgrass (\"\"Spartina foliosa\"\") in San Francisco Bay. Invasive species cause competition for native species and because of this 400 of the 958 endangered species under the Endangered Species Act are at risk. Primary geomorphological effects of invasive plants are bioconstruction and bioprotection. For example, Kudzu Pueraria montana, a vine native to Asia was widely introduced in the southeastern USA in the early 20th century to control soil erosion. While primary effects of invasive animals are bioturbation, bioerosion, and bioconstruction. For",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4321393",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nlivestock. It can be grazed until frost and even slightly after. Kudzu had been used in the southern United States specifically to feed goats on land that had limited resources. Kudzu hay typically has a 15–18% crude protein content and over 60% total digestible nutrient value. The quality of the leaves decreases, however, as vine content increases relative to the leaf content. Kudzu also has low forage yields despite its rate of growth, yielding around two to four tons of dry matter per acre annually. It is also difficult to bale due to its vining growth and its slowness in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10321007",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu (comic strip)\"\nlonger in syndication; the last daily was published on August 4, 2007. The Sunday strips ran until August 26, 2007. The cast included Kudzu Dubose, Nasal T. Lardbottom, Rev. Will B. Dunn, Ida Mae Wombat, Veranda Tadsworth and NASCAR Dad. Comics historian Don Markstein described the strip's characters: Will B. Dunn (the name is a play on the phrase \"\"thy will be done\"\", spoken by Jesus Christ at the Garden of Gethsemane), was modeled, at least in clothing and appearance, on Will D. Campbell, a preacher, director of religious life at the University of Mississippi, civil rights activist (the only",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4321397",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nknown as \"\"kuzu\"\" and the starch named \"\"kuzuko\"\". \"\"Kuzuko\"\" is used in dishes including \"\"kuzumochi, mizu manjū\"\", and \"\"kuzuyu\"\". It also serves as a thickener for sauces, and can substitute for cornstarch. The flowers are used to make a jelly that tastes similar to grape jelly. Roots, flowers, and leaves of kudzu show antioxidant activity that suggests food uses. Nearby bee colonies may forage on kudzu nectar during droughts as a last resort, producing a low-viscosity red or purple honey that tastes of grape jelly or bubblegum. Kudzu has also been used for centuries in East Asia to make herbal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6577776",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nshedding water. This makes it necessary to place kudzu hay under sheltered protection after being baled. Kudzu is readily consumed by all types of grazing animals, yet frequent grazing over three to four years can ruin stands. Thus, kudzu only serves well as a grazing crop on a temporary basis. Kudzu fiber has long been used for fiber art and basketry. The long runners which propagate the kudzu fields and the larger vines which cover trees make excellent weaving material. Some basketmakers use the material green. Others use it after splitting it in half, allowing it to dry and then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20809548",
"chunk_text": "\"Kudzu in the United States\"\nare found to be most effective when they are used during the typical growing season, June–October, and when used for successive years. One case study saw a significant decrease in the growth of kudzu after just two years, whereas another study required the use of the herbicide for up to ten years. Another form of chemical removal other than herbicides is soil solarization. Soil solarization is a thermal (heat) method that utilizes solar-enhanced heating of the soil to kill the root system of the plant, thereby avoiding the use of pesticides and other more dangerous (fire-based) means to control the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19267835",
"chunk_text": "Kudzu\nserves to deplete root reserves. If done in the spring, cutting off vines must be repeated. Regrowth appears to exhaust the plant's stored carbohydrate reserves. Cut kudzu can be fed to livestock, burned, or composted. The city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, has undertaken a trial program using goats and llamas to graze on the plant. Similar efforts to reduce widespread nuisance kudzu growth have also been undertaken in the cities of Winston-Salem, North Carolina and Tallahassee, Florida. Prescribed burning is also used on old extensive infestations to remove vegetative cover and promote seed germination for removal or treatment. While fire is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18625623",
"chunk_text": "\"Pueraria tuberosa\"\nthe seeds. They have silky, bristly reddish-brown hair. Seeds vary from 3 to 6 in number. It is native to India, Pakistan, and Nepal. Its medicinal potency is because of its Himalayan origin as elucidated in, \"\"Dhanvantari-Nighantu.\"\". In Telugu, Kudzu is termed as Nela Gummadi, Dari Gummadi, Vidari Kanda. Kudzu is facing extinction in the wild because of herb hunters who trade the tubers illegally to agents of pharmaceutical or Ayurvedic companies. In the black market, the red variety kudzu tuber of about 10 kg is believed to be very expensive ranging up to lakhs of rupees. The tubers are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_636
|
the radiographic term used to describe the dense bone of the socket and septal crest is?
|
n/a
|
[
"lamina dura",
"alveolar process",
"the lamina dura"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14131841",
"chunk_text": "\"Flat bone\"\nFlat bone Flat bones are bones whose principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment. These bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the cranium (skull), the ilium (pelvis), sternum and the rib cage. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, hip bone (coxal bone), sternum, ribs, and scapulae. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the vitreous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14002570",
"chunk_text": "\"Alveolar process\"\nthe most cervical rim of the alveolar bone proper. In a healthy situation, the alveolar crest is slightly apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) by approximately 1.5 to 2 mm. The alveolar crests of neighboring teeth are also uniform in height along the jaw in healthy situation. The supporting alveolar bone consists of both cortical bone and trabecular bone. The cortical bone, or cortical plates, consists of plates of compact bone on the facial and lingual surfaces of the alveolar bone. These cortical plates are usually about 1.5 to 3 mm thick over posterior teeth, but the thickness is highly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11519389",
"chunk_text": "\"Flat bone\"\n(glass-like) table. These bones are composed of two thin layers of compact bone enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous bone, which is the location of red bone marrow. In an adult, most red blood cells are formed in flat bones. The intervening cancellous tissue is called the diploë, and this, in the nasal region of the skull, becomes absorbed so as to leave spaces filled with air–the paranasal sinuses between the two tables. Ossification is started by the formation of layers of undifferentiated connective tissue that hold the area where the flat bone is to come. On a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10160756",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental radiography\"\nit is initiated. It can be used in case of detection hyperdontia (supernumerary teeth) & impacted teeth. The name \"\"periapical\"\" is derived from the Greek \"\"peri\"\", which means \"\"around,\"\" and \"\"apical\"\", which means \"\"tip.\"\" The bitewing view is taken to visualize the crowns of the posterior teeth and the height of the alveolar bone in relation to the cementoenamel junctions, which are the demarcation lines on the teeth which separate tooth crown from tooth root. Routine bitewing radiographs are commonly used to examine for interdental caries and recurrent caries under existing restorations. When there is extensive bone loss, the films",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19416217",
"chunk_text": "\"Anatomical terms of bone\"\nor Superior pubic ramus. Ramus may also be used to refer to nerves, such as the ramus communicans. A \"\"facet\"\" refers to a small, flattened articular surface. A \"\"line\"\" refers to a long, thin projection, often with a rough surface. \"\"Ridge\"\" and \"\"crest\"\" refer to a long, narrow line. Unlike many words used to describe anatomical terms, the word \"\"ridge\"\" is derived from Old English. A \"\"spine\"\", as well as referring to the spinal cord, may be used to describe a relatively long, thin projection or bump. These terms are used to describe bony protuberances in specific parts of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11710234",
"chunk_text": "\"Underwood's septa\"\nUnderwood's septa In anatomy, Underwood's septa (or maxillary sinus septa, singular septum) are fin-shaped projections of bone that may exist in the maxillary sinus, first described in 1910 by Arthur S. Underwood, an anatomist at King's College in London. The presence of septa at or near the floor of the sinus are of interest to the dental clinician when proposing or performing sinus floor elevation procedures because of an increased likelihood of surgical complications, such as tearing of the Schneiderian membrane. The prevalence of Underwood's septa in relation to the floor of the maxillary sinus has been reported at nearly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5588955",
"chunk_text": "Metaphysis\nbone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst, non-ossifying fibroma, and osteoid osteoma. One of the clinical signs of rickets that doctors look for is cupping and fraying at the metaphyses when seen on X-ray. Metaphysis The metaphysis is the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. It contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses. The metaphysis may be divided anatomically into three components based on tissue content: a cartilaginous component (epiphyseal plate), a bony component (metaphysis) and a fibrous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999651",
"chunk_text": "\"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis\"\nDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition characterized by abnormal calcification/bone formation (\"\"\"\"hyperostosis\"\"\"\") of the soft tissues surrounding the joints of the spine, and also the peripheral or appendicular skeleton. In the spine, there is bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament and sometimes the posterior longitudinal ligament, which may lead to partial or complete fusion of adjacent spinal levels. The facet and sacroiliac joints tend to be uninvolved. The thoracic spine is the most common level involved. In the peripheral skeleton, DISH manifests as a calcific enthesopathy, with pathologic bone formation at sites where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13861732",
"chunk_text": "Bone\nof a network of rod- and plate-like elements that make the overall organ lighter and allow room for blood vessels and marrow. Trabecular bone accounts for the remaining 20% of total bone mass but has nearly ten times the surface area of compact bone. The words \"\"cancellous\"\" and \"\"trabecular\"\" refer to the tiny lattice-shaped units (trabeculae) that form the tissue. It was first illustrated accurately in the engravings of Crisóstomo Martinez. Bone marrow, also known as myeloid tissue in red bone marrow, can be found in almost any bone that holds cancellous tissue. In newborns, all such bones are filled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339517",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental radiography\"\nDental radiography Dental radiographs are commonly called X-rays. Dentists use radiographs for many reasons: to find hidden dental structures, malignant or benign masses, bone loss, and cavities. A radiographic image is formed by a controlled burst of X-ray radiation which penetrates oral structures at different levels, depending on varying anatomical densities, before striking the film or sensor. Teeth appear lighter because less radiation penetrates them to reach the film. Dental caries, infections and other changes in the bone density, and the periodontal ligament, appear darker because X-rays readily penetrate these less dense structures. Dental restorations (fillings, crowns) may appear lighter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9426479",
"chunk_text": "Clavicle\nthe bone stimulates the ossification of adjacent tissue. The resulting compact bone is known as a periosteal collar. Even though it is classified as a long bone, the collarbone has no medullary (bone marrow) cavity like other long bones, though this is not always true. It is made up of spongy cancellous bone with a shell of compact bone. It is a dermal bone derived from elements originally attached to the skull. The shape of the clavicle varies more than most other long bones. It is occasionally pierced by a branch of the supraclavicular nerve. In males it is thicker",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18200853",
"chunk_text": "Radiography\nbread (thus, \"\"tomography\"\"-- \"\"tomo\"\" means \"\"slice\"\"). The exams are generally short, most lasting only as long as a breath-hold. Contrast agents are often used, depending on the tissues needing to be seen. Radiographers perform these examinations, sometimes in conjunction with a radiologist (for instance, when a radiologist performs a CT-guided biopsy). DEXA, or bone densitometry, is used primarily for osteoporosis tests. It is not projection radiography, as the X-rays are emitted in 2 narrow beams that are scanned across the patient, 90 degrees from each other. Usually the hip (head of the femur), lower back (lumbar spine), or heel (calcaneum)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "501119",
"chunk_text": "\"Dental radiography\"\nand mandibular information. The occlusal view reveals the skeletal or pathologic anatomy of either the floor of the mouth or the palate. The occlusal film, which is about three to four times the size of the film used to take a periapical or bitewing, is inserted into the mouth so as to entirely separate the maxillary and mandibular teeth, and the film is exposed either from under the chin or angled down from the top of the nose. Sometimes, it is placed in the inside of the cheek to confirm the presence of a sialolith in Stenson's duct, which carries",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18413425",
"chunk_text": "\"Body of sphenoid bone\"\ngroove, in the angle between the body and greater wing, is a ridge of bone, called the sphenoidal lingula. The posterior surface, quadrilateral in form [Fig. 3], is joined, during infancy and adolescence, to the basilar part of the occipital bone by a plate of cartilage. Between the eighteenth and twenty-fifth years this becomes ossified, ossification commencing above and extending downward. The anterior surface of the body [Fig. 2] presents, in the middle line, a vertical crest, the sphenoidal crest, which articulates with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, and forms part of the nasal septum. On either side of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13138563",
"chunk_text": "\"Diploë\"\nDiploë Diploë ( or ) is the spongy cancellous bone separating the inner and outer layers of the cortical bone of the skull. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact cortical tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the \"\"vitreous table\"\". The intervening cancellous tissue is called the diploë. In certain regions of the skull this becomes absorbed so as to leave spaces filled with liquid between the two tables. From Ancient Greek διπλόη (\"\"diplóē\"\", “literally, a fold”),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18088599",
"chunk_text": "\"Idiopathic osteosclerosis\"\njaw, most commonly in the mandibular premolar-molar region. The shape ranges from round to linear streaks to occasional angular forms. A reaction to past trauma or infection but it's difficult to rule out in some cases. Usual diagnosis is via radiograph, patient history, biopsy is rarely needed. Periodic follow ups should included additional radiographs that show minimal growth or regression. Well defined, rounded or triangular radiodensity, that is uniformly opaque. There is no lucent component. Found near the root apex or in the inter-radicular area. Root resorption and tooth movement are rare. Condensing osteitis, sclerosing osteomyelitis, Enostosis cementoblastoma, hypercementosis, Exostoses",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15904495",
"chunk_text": "Osteon\nOsteon The osteon or haversian system (named for Clopton Havers) is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Osteons are roughly cylindrical structures that are typically several millimeters long and around 0.2 mm in diameter. They are present in many bones of most mammals and some bird, reptile, and amphibian species. Each osteon consists of concentric layers, or \"\"lamellae\"\", of compact bone tissue that surround a central canal, the haversian canal. The haversian canal contains the bone's blood supplies. The boundary of an osteon is the cement line. Each haversian canal is surrounded by varying number (5-20) of concentrically",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8782070",
"chunk_text": "\"Alveolar osteitis\"\nAlveolar osteitis Alveolar osteitis, also known as dry socket, is inflammation of the alveolar bone (i.e., the alveolar process of the maxilla or mandible). Classically, this occurs as a postoperative complication of tooth extraction. Alveolar osteitis usually occurs where the blood clot fails to form or is lost from the socket (i.e., the defect left in the gum when a tooth is taken out). This leaves an empty socket where bone is exposed to the oral cavity, causing a localized alveolar osteitis limited to the lamina dura (i.e., the bone which lines the socket). This specific type is known as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9651433",
"chunk_text": "Bone\nas osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Within any single bone, the tissue is woven into two main patterns, known cortical and cancellous bone, and each with different appearance and characteristics. The hard outer layer of bones is composed of cortical bone also called compact bone being much denser than cancellous bone. It forms the hard exterior (cortex) of bones. The cortical bone gives bone its smooth, white, and solid appearance, and accounts for 80% of the total bone mass of an adult human skeleton. It facilitates bone's main functions: to support the whole body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18412762",
"chunk_text": "Synchondrosis\nafter birth, between the petrous portion of the temporal and the jugular process of the occipital bone. Synchondrosis Where the connecting medium is hyaline cartilage, a cartilaginous joint is termed a synchondrosis. An example of a synchondrosis joint is the first sternocostal joint (where the first rib meets the manubrium). In this example, the rib articulates with the manubrium via the costal cartilage. (The rest of the sternocostal joints are synovial plane joints.) Sometimes, this is a temporary form of joint called epiphyseal growth plate, where the cartilage is converted into bone before adult life. Such joints are found between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17002710",
"chunk_text": "Synchondrosis\nSynchondrosis Where the connecting medium is hyaline cartilage, a cartilaginous joint is termed a synchondrosis. An example of a synchondrosis joint is the first sternocostal joint (where the first rib meets the manubrium). In this example, the rib articulates with the manubrium via the costal cartilage. (The rest of the sternocostal joints are synovial plane joints.) Sometimes, this is a temporary form of joint called epiphyseal growth plate, where the cartilage is converted into bone before adult life. Such joints are found between the epiphyses and diaphyses of long bones, between the occipital and the sphenoid, and for some years",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4315047",
"chunk_text": "\"CT scan\"\nin, the unit is known as a Voxel, which is a three-dimensional unit. The phenomenon that one part of the detector cannot differentiate between different tissues is called the \"\"\"\"Partial Volume Effect\"\"\"\". That means that a big amount of cartilage and a thin layer of compact bone can cause the same attenuation in a voxel as hyperdense cartilage alone. Water has an attenuation of 0 Hounsfield units (HU), while air is −1000 HU, cancellous bone is typically +400 HU, cranial bone can reach 2000 HU or more (os temporale) and can cause artifacts. The attenuation of metallic implants depends on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19416216",
"chunk_text": "\"Anatomical terms of bone\"\na condyle, particularly the medial epicondyle of the humerus. These terms derive from Greek. An \"\"eminence\"\" refers to a relatively small projection or bump, particularly of bone, such as the medial eminence. A \"\"process\"\" refers to a relatively large projection or prominent bump, as does a \"\"promontory\"\" such as the sacral promontory. Both \"\"tubercle\"\" and \"\"tuberosity\"\" refer to a projection or bump with a roughened surface, with a \"\"tubercle\"\" generally smaller than a \"\"tuberosity\"\". These terms are derived from \"\"Tuber\"\" (). A \"\"ramus\"\" () refers to an extension of bone, such as the ramus of the mandible in the jaw",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3422678",
"chunk_text": "\"Alveolar process\"\nAlveolar process The alveolar process () (also called the alveolar bone) is the thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets (dental alveoli) on the jaw bones that hold teeth. In humans, the tooth-bearing bones are the maxilla and the mandible. The curved part of each alveolar process on the jaw is called the alveolar arch. On the maxilla, the alveolar process is a ridge on the inferior surface, and on the mandible it is a ridge on the superior surface. It makes up the thickest part of the maxillae. The alveolar process contains a region of compact bone",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2506942",
"chunk_text": "Bone\nimmobile, then the joint is called a \"\"suture\"\". The formation of bone is called ossification. During the fetal stage of development this occurs by two processes: intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. Intramembranous ossification involves the formation of bone from connective tissue whereas endochondral ossification involves the formation of bone from cartilage. Intramembranous ossification mainly occurs during formation of the flat bones of the skull but also the mandible, maxilla, and clavicles; the bone is formed from connective tissue such as mesenchyme tissue rather than from cartilage. The process includes: the development of the ossification center, calcification, trabeculae formation and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1406876",
"chunk_text": "\"Ball and socket joint\"\nthe femur (ball) rests in the cup-like acetabulum (socket) of the pelvis, and in the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder, where the rounded head of the humerus (ball) rests in the cup-like glenoid fossa (socket) of the shoulder blade. The shoulder includes a sternoclavicular articulation joint. Ball and socket joint The ball and socket joint (or spheroid joint) is a type of synovial joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. The distal bone is capable of motion around an indefinite number of axes, which have one common center. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8345988",
"chunk_text": "\"Parietal bone\"\nParietal bone The parietal bones () are two bones in the human skull which, when joined together at a fibrous joint, form the sides and roof of the cranium. Each bone is roughly quadrilateral in form, and has two surfaces, four borders, and four angles. It is named from the Latin \"\"paries\"\" (\"\"-ietis\"\"), wall. The external surface [Fig. 1] is convex, smooth, and marked near the center by an eminence, the parietal eminence (\"\"tuber parietale\"\"), which indicates the point where ossification commenced. Crossing the middle of the bone in an arched direction are two curved lines, the superior and inferior",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10222355",
"chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nHip bone The hip bone (os coxa, innominate bone, pelvic bone or coxal bone) is a large flat bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. In some vertebrates (including humans before puberty) it is composed of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and the pubis. The two hip bones join at the pubic symphysis and together with the sacrum and coccyx (the pelvic part of the spine) comprise the skeletal component of the pelvis – the pelvic girdle which surrounds the pelvic cavity. They are connected to the sacrum, which is part of the axial skeleton, at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1985837",
"chunk_text": "Hip\nand the cup-like acetabulum of the pelvis. It forms the primary connection between the bones of the lower limb and the axial skeleton of the trunk and pelvis. Both joint surfaces are covered with a strong but lubricated layer called articular hyaline cartilage. The cuplike acetabulum forms at the union of three pelvic bones — the ilium, pubis, and ischium. The Y-shaped growth plate that separates them, the triradiate cartilage, is fused definitively at ages 14–16. It is a special type of spheroidal or ball and socket joint where the roughly spherical femoral head is largely contained within the acetabulum",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2050275",
"chunk_text": "\"Calvaria (skull)\"\nof compact bone, separated by diploë. The diploë is cancellous bone containing red bone marrow during life, through which run canals formed by diploic veins. The diploë in a dried calvaria is not red because the protein was removed during preparation of the cranium. The internal table of bone is thinner than the external table, and in some areas there is only a thin plate of compact bone with no diploë. In the fetus, the formation of the Calvaria involves a process known as intramembranous ossification. Calvaria (skull) The calvaria or skullcap (feminine Latin noun with plural \"\"calvariae\"\"; however, many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13138564",
"chunk_text": "\"Diploë\"\nnoun use of feminine of διπλόος (\"\"diplóos\"\", “double”) Diploë Diploë ( or ) is the spongy cancellous bone separating the inner and outer layers of the cortical bone of the skull. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact cortical tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the \"\"vitreous table\"\". The intervening cancellous tissue is called the diploë. In certain regions of the skull this becomes absorbed so as to leave spaces filled with liquid between the two tables.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20478895",
"chunk_text": "\"Anatomical terms of bone\"\nto their fine and complex structure. A \"\"sinus\"\" refers to a bony cavity, usually within the skull. A joint, or articulation is the region where adjacent bones contact each other, for example the elbow, shoulder, or costovertebral joint. Terms that refer to joints include: Bones are commonly described with the terms \"\"head\"\", \"\"neck\"\", \"\"shaft\"\", \"\"body\"\" and \"\"base\"\" The \"\"head\"\" of a bone usually refers to the proximal end of the bone. The shaft refers to the elongated sections of long bone, and the \"\"neck\"\" the segment between the head and shaft (or body). The end of the long bone opposite",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10822314",
"chunk_text": "\"Occult fracture\"\ntime of radiographic examination, the location of the fracture within the bone, and the ratio of cortical to cancellous bone. Particular attention should be paid when analysing the subchondral plate, which may be disrupted or deformed. In metaphyseal areas, delayed signs of fracture include a band of sclerosis perpendicular to the trabeculae, while diaphyseal fractures may present as periosteal thickening. Digital radiography known as tomosynthesis has been shown to be superior to conventional radiographs in the detection of occult fracture of the scaphoid. Tomosynthesis has the ability to demonstrate cortical, as well as moderately displaced trabecular fractures. Thus, the performance",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11419576",
"chunk_text": "Sternum\nSternum The sternum or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the center of the chest. It connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms the front of the rib cage, thus helping to protect the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels from injury. Shaped roughly like a necktie, it is one of the largest and longest flat bones of the body. Its three regions are the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The word \"\"sternum\"\" originates from the Greek στέρνον, meaning \"\"chest\"\". The sternum is a long, flat bone, forming the middle portion of the front of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "98202",
"chunk_text": "\"Occipital bone\"\nor \"\"tables\"\") of cortical bone tissue between which is the cancellous bone tissue known in the cranial bones as diploë. The bone is especially thick at the ridges, protuberances, condyles, and anterior part of the basilar part; in the inferior cerebellar fossae it is thin, semitransparent, and without diploë. Near the middle of the outer surface of the squamous part of the occipital (the largest part) there is a prominence – the external occipital protuberance. The highest point of this is called the inion. From the inion, along the midline of the squamous part until the foramen magnum, runs a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999652",
"chunk_text": "\"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis\"\nligaments and tendons attach to bone. The majority of people with DISH are not symptomatic, and the findings are an incidental imaging abnormality. In some, the x-ray findings may correspond to symptoms of back stiffness with flexion/extension or with mild back pain. Back pain or stiffness may be worse in the morning. Rarely, large anterior cervical spine osteophyte may affect the esophagus or the larynx and cause pain, difficulty swallowing or even dysnea. Similar calcification and ossification may be seen at peripheral entheseal sites, including the shoulder, iliac crest, ischial tuberosity, trochanters of the hip, tibial tuberosities, patellae, and bones",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14191577",
"chunk_text": "\"Alveolar osteitis\"\nsynonymous with \"\"dry socket\"\", but some specify that dry socket is a focal or localized alveolar osteitis. An example of another type of osteitis is focal sclerosing/condensing osteitis. The name dry socket is used because the socket has a dry appearance once the blood clot is lost and debris is washed away. Alveolar osteitis Alveolar osteitis, also known as dry socket, is inflammation of the alveolar bone (i.e., the alveolar process of the maxilla or mandible). Classically, this occurs as a postoperative complication of tooth extraction. Alveolar osteitis usually occurs where the blood clot fails to form or is lost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19416214",
"chunk_text": "\"Anatomical terms of bone\"\norgans. Flat bones do not have a medullary cavity because they are thin. An irregular bone is one that does not have an easily classified shape and defies description. These bones tend to have more complex shapes, like the vertebrae that support the spinal cord and protect it from compressive forces. Many facial bones, particularly the ones containing sinuses, are classified as irregular bones. A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed. These bones form in tendons (the sheaths of tissue that connect bones to muscles) where a great",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4943929",
"chunk_text": "\"Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone\"\nPerpendicular plate of ethmoid bone The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone (vertical plate) is a thin, flattened lamina, polygonal in form, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and assists in forming the septum of the nose; it is generally deflected a little to one or other side. The anterior border articulates with the spine of the frontal bone and the crest of the nasal bones. The posterior border articulates by its upper half with the sphenoidal crest, by its lower with the vomer. The inferior border is thicker than the posterior, and serves for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6022136",
"chunk_text": "\"Sagittal crest\"\nSagittal crest A sagittal crest is a ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull (at the sagittal suture) of many mammalian and reptilian skulls, among others. The presence of this ridge of bone indicates that there are exceptionally strong jaw muscles. The sagittal crest serves primarily for attachment of the temporalis muscle, which is one of the main chewing muscles. Development of the sagittal crest is thought to be connected to the development of this muscle. A sagittal crest usually develops during the juvenile stage of an animal in conjunction with the growth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8447172",
"chunk_text": "\"Cementoenamel junction\"\nCementoenamel junction The cementoenamel junction, frequently abbreviated as the CEJ, is a slightly visible anatomical border identified on a tooth. It is the location where the enamel, which covers the anatomical crown of a tooth, and the cementum, which covers the anatomical root of a tooth, meet. Informally it is known as the neck of the tooth. The border created by these two dental tissues has much significance as it is usually the location where the gingiva attaches to a healthy tooth by fibers called the gingival fibers. Active recession of the gingiva reveals the cementoenamel junction in the mouth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13778731",
"chunk_text": "Premaxilla\nPremaxilla The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. In humans, they are fused with the maxilla and usually termed as the incisive bone. Other terms used for this structure include premaxillary bone or os premaxillare, and intermaxillary bone or os intermaxillare. In humans, the premaxilla is referred to as the incisive bone and is the part of the maxilla which bears the incisor teeth, and encompasses the anterior nasal spine and alar region. In the nasal cavity,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5786433",
"chunk_text": "Radiodactylus\nbased on shared characters that were considered to possibly represent plesiomorphies. According to Andres and Myers (2013), \"\"Radiodactylus\"\" shares a tall rectangular deltopectoral crest and a massive, ventrally-oriented ulnar crest with azhdarchoids, and a pneumatic foramen on the distal end with the azhdarchids (also seen in most pteranodontoids). The humerus clearly lacks many traits that are present in other pterosaur clades, like Pteranodontia and Tapejaridae. The presence of a distal pneumatic foramen, in addition to the lack of a distally positioned deltopectoral crest on the humerus, supports a sister taxon relation to Azhdarchidae. The absence of a deep horseshoe-shaped cross",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4434151",
"chunk_text": "Trabecula\ncancellous bone can look like septa, but in three dimensions they are topologically distinct, with trabeculae being roughly rod or pillar-shaped and septa being sheet-like. When crossing fluid-filled spaces, trabeculae may have the function of resisting tension (as in the penis, see for example trabeculae of corpora cavernosa and trabeculae of corpus spongiosum) or providing a cell filter (as in the trabecular meshwork of the eye). Multiple perforations in a septum may reduce it to a collection of trabeculae, as happens to the walls of some of the pulmonary alveoli in emphysema. Trabecular bone, also called cancellous bone, is porous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16966579",
"chunk_text": "\"Xiphoid process\"\nwritings of the Greek physician Galen refer to \"\"Os xyphoides\"\" a translation of ξιφοειδές ὀστοῦν. Classical Latin \"\"os\"\" and Ancient Greek ὀστοῦν both mean bone, while ξιφοειδές means sword-shaped. Xiphoid process The xiphoid process , or xiphisternum or metasternum, is a small cartilaginous process (extension) of the lower (inferior) part of the sternum, which is usually ossified in the adult human. It may also be referred to as the ensiform process. Both the Greek derived \"\"xiphoid\"\" and its Latin equivalent \"\"ensiform\"\" mean 'swordlike'. The xiphoid process is considered to be at the level of the 9th thoracic vertebra and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10222358",
"chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nis easily located through the skin. The iliac crest shows clear marks of the attachment of the three abdominal wall muscles. The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone and is located below the ilium and behind the pubis. The ischium is the strongest of the three regions that form the hip bone. It is divisible into three portions: the body, the superior ramus, and the inferior ramus. The body forms approximately one-third of the acetabulum. The ischium forms a large swelling, the tuberosity of the ischium, also referred to colloquially as the \"\"sit bone\"\". When",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11710236",
"chunk_text": "\"Underwood's septa\"\nsinking along with the roots of erupting teeth; these primary septa are thus generally found in the sinus corresponding to the space between teeth, as explained by Underwood. Conversely, \"\"secondary septa\"\" form as a result of irregular pneumatization of the sinus following loss of maxillary posterior teeth. \"\"Sinus pneumatization\"\" is a poorly understood phenomenon that results in an increased volume of the maxillary sinus, generally following maxillary posterior tooth loss, at the expense of the bone which used to house the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth. Underwood's septa In anatomy, Underwood's septa (or maxillary sinus septa, singular septum) are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10222360",
"chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nthe coxal bones, that secures the pubic symphysis, is called the interpubic disc. Is a continuous oval ridge of bone that runs along the pubic symphysis, pubic crests, arcuate lines, sacral alae, and sacral promontory. (J Bridges) False Pelvis- Is that portion superior to the pelvic brim; it is bounded by the alae of the ilia laterally and the sacral promontory and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly. (J Bridges) True Pelvis- is the region inferior to the pelvic brim that is almost entirely surrounded by bone. (J Bridges) Pelvic Inlet- Is the opening delineated by the pelvic brim. The widest dimension of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12533514",
"chunk_text": "\"Parietal bone\"\nand extend past the rest of the skull is a diagnostic trait of ceratopsians. The recognizable skull domes present in pachycephalosaurs were formed by the fusion of the frontal and parietal bones and the addition of thick deposits of bone to that unit. Parietal bone The parietal bones () are two bones in the human skull which, when joined together at a fibrous joint, form the sides and roof of the cranium. Each bone is roughly quadrilateral in form, and has two surfaces, four borders, and four angles. It is named from the Latin \"\"paries\"\" (\"\"-ietis\"\"), wall. The external surface",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4100831",
"chunk_text": "\"Skeletal survey\"\nSkeletal survey A skeletal survey (also called a bone survey) is a series of X-rays of all the bones in the body, or at least the axial skeleton and the large cortical bones. A very common use is the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, where tumour deposits appear as \"\"punched-out\"\" lesions. The standard set of X-rays for a skeletal survey includes X-rays of the skull, entire spine, pelvis, ribs, both humeri and femora (proximal long bones). It is more effective than isotope scans at detecting bone involvement in multiple myeloma. Although significantly less sensitive than MRI, it is easier to include",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_637
|
where was the tv show friday night lights filmed?
|
n/a
|
[
"Austin",
"Pflugerville"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13182124",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nparticularly for the pilot, which was closely related to the film. He cast Connie Britton as the wife of head coach Eric Taylor, and Brad Leland as Buddy Garrity, a major businessman and football booster, in roles similar to those they played in the film. Filming for the show's pilot began in February 2006 in Austin, Texas. Berg said he required filming the pilot and eventually the show in Texas as \"\"a deal breaker\"\" in order to agree to participate weekly in the project. The show features homages to its Texas heritage. In the pilot, Berg featured former Texas Longhorns",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954532",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nfilmed in the Boston area, at Boston College, Boston University, and Tufts University. Some scenes at fictional Oklahoma Tech University were filmed at Gregory Gym at The University of Texas at Austin. Initially targeted at the youth market, the show emphasized the football element. NBC teamed with social networking site Bebo to create a site that allowed students to upload video and photos, as well as create blogs about their local football teams. Students who participated were eligible for one of 10 $5,000 scholarships. NBC had negotiated with Bebo for network and series promotion on Bebo’s network of youth-oriented sites",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17337475",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (Friday Night Lights)\"\nthat exists as much more of a soap opera, or an exploration of human beings,\"\" said Berg in an interview, \"\"than as a chronicle of a football team's pursuit of glory.\"\" The series was filmed partly in Austin, and a call went out for local football players to play part roles in the show. In an attempt to maintain an authentic Texas environment, elements were incorporated from local society. Football scenes were filmed at the local Pflugerville High School's Kuempel Stadium and at the RRISD Complex, while uniforms were based on those of real-life Pflugerville Panthers. Casting of the show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954519",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nFriday Night Lights (TV series) Friday Night Lights is an American drama television series about a high school football team in the fictional town of Dillon, Texas. It was developed by Peter Berg and executive produced by Brian Grazer, David Nevins, Sarah Aubrey and Jason Katims, based on by H. G. Bissinger, adapted as the 2004 film of the same name. The series' primary setting, Dillon, is a small, close-knit community in rural Texas. Team coach Eric Taylor (Kyle Chandler) and his family, Tami, Julie and Grace, are featured. The show uses this small-town backdrop to address many issues facing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954523",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nOdessa c. 1988. Once filming on the movie was completed, Berg began to explore adapting the story for television. Berg later said he had regretted having to jettison many of the interpersonal topics from the book because of the time constraints of a feature film. Creating a TV series, particularly one based on fictional characters, allowed him to address many of those elements in-depth. He decided to set the series in a fictional town of Dillon, Texas, with some characteristics of Odessa. The football team was given the Panthers name. Berg deliberately carried elements from the film to the series,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954531",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nthe series. University of Southern California football announcers Peter Arbogast and Paul McDonald provided off-screen commentary during the football game sequences. The facilities, colors and bobcat logos of Texas State University in San Marcos were used as the setting and creative inspiration for the fictional Texas Methodist University. The show features the fictional Herrmann Field, named for George Herrmann, the head coach of the Pflugerville Panthers. Some scenes were filmed outside Texas. On June 20, 2010, scenes were filmed at Temple University, which was to portray the fictional Braemore College. An episode from Julie's senior year in high school was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3925737",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nit was confirmed by Berg that a film would not be moving forward. Friday Night Lights (TV series) Friday Night Lights is an American drama television series about a high school football team in the fictional town of Dillon, Texas. It was developed by Peter Berg and executive produced by Brian Grazer, David Nevins, Sarah Aubrey and Jason Katims, based on by H. G. Bissinger, adapted as the 2004 film of the same name. The series' primary setting, Dillon, is a small, close-knit community in rural Texas. Team coach Eric Taylor (Kyle Chandler) and his family, Tami, Julie and Grace,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954530",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nfilming technique. Three cameras were used for each shoot and entire scenes were shot in one take. In contrast, most productions film a scene from each angle and typically repeat the scene several times while readjusting lighting to accommodate each shot. The first takes usually made the final cut. By filming a scene all at once, the producers tried to create an environment for the actors that was more organic and allowed for the best performances. The series borrowed the uniforms, cheerleaders, fans and stadium of the Pflugerville Panthers. Producers shot Pflugerville games and used them as game footage in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954528",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\n\"\"no rehearsal, no blocking, just three cameras and we shoot.\"\" Working in this fashion profoundly influenced everyone involved with the show. Series star Kyle Chandler said: \"\"When I look back at my life, I'm going to say, 'Wow, [executive producer] Peter Berg really changed my life.'\"\" Executive producer and head writer Jason Katims echoed this sentiment, saying: \"\"When I first came on [the \"\"FNL\"\"] set, I thought, it’s interesting – this is what I imagined filmmaking would be, before I saw what filmmaking was.\"\" All five seasons of \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" were filmed in Austin and Pflugerville. With the show",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954525",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nfootball coach Mack Brown as a Dillon booster and had a caller to the fictional \"\"Panther Radio\"\" compare Panthers' coach Eric Taylor to Brown. The pilot referred to much of the surrounding area in its scenes. Football scenes were filmed at Pflugerville High School's Kuempel Stadium and at the RRISD Complex. The Dillon Panther football team and coaches' uniforms were based on the uniforms of the Pflugerville Panthers. Some of the scenes were filmed at Texas School for the Deaf. Berg's observation of local high school students while preparing to film the movie inspired his development of some of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18573175",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (film)\"\nFriday Night Lights (film) Friday Night Lights is a 2004 American sports drama film, directed by Peter Berg. The film follows the coach and players of a high school football team in the Texas city of Odessa, which supported and was obsessed with them. The book on which it was based, \"\"\"\" (1990) by H. G. Bissinger, followed the story of the 1988 Permian High School Panthers football team as they made a run towards the state championship. A television series of the same name premiered on October 3, 2006 on NBC. The film won the Best Sports Movie ESPY",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954529",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nyielding roughly $33 million a year in revenue, other states courted the production company after the state of Texas failed to pay all the rebates it had promised to the show's producers. The Texas legislature authorized funding to match the offers of other states, and the production company preferred to stay near Austin, so the show remained in Texas. \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" is unusual for using actual locations rather than stage sets and sound stage. These factors together with reliance on filming hundreds of locals as extras, gives the series an authentic feel and look. The producers used a documentary-style",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3925658",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nJason Katims was nominated for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. Chandler and Katims each won the Emmy in 2011. \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" was inspired by H.G. \"\"Buzz\"\" Bissinger's non-fiction book \"\"\"\" (1990) and the 2004 film based on it. The book, which explores the 1988 season of the Permian Panthers, a high school football team in Odessa, Texas, was a factual work of documentary journalism. The people featured were not renamed in the book. The Universal Pictures film, which stars Billy Bob Thornton and was directed by Peter Berg, Bissinger's second cousin, based its characters on the residents of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8954535",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\ndemographic. The network designed a strategy based on the personal elements of the show, giving the show the tagline, \"\"It’s about life\"\". NBC Marketing President Vince Manze stressed that the goal was to ensure viewers that the show was family and relationships as well as athletics. The network ran 30-second spots in movie theaters that featured cast members and fans being interviewed about the show. As a show about the community of Dillon, Texas, \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" has an ensemble cast. The show features Panthers' football coach Eric Taylor (Kyle Chandler), who strives to balance his work, family, status in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1499114",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (film)\"\nAward and was ranked number 37 on \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\"'s list of the Best High School Movies. As preseason practice begins for the Permian High School football team in August 1988, the town of Odessa, Texas has high expectations for the players and their coach Gary Gaines to win a state championship with their star running back James \"\"Boobie\"\" Miles. The quarterback, Mike Winchell, runs under the expectation of handing off the ball to Miles on most plays. Fullback Don Billingsley struggles with his ball handling and is abused by his alcoholic father Charles, who won a state championship with Permian.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4908291",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream\"\njournalist for \"\"The Philadelphia Inquirer\"\" when he was selected as a Harvard Neiman Fellow. It was while he was at Harvard that the idea to write a book focused upon the role high school football plays within American society, in particular rural society, took hold. Bissinger returned to \"\"The Inquirer\"\" briefly, received a Pulitzer Prize, and then took off in search of a community for which high school football was paramount. He settled on Odessa, Texas. Permian High School and its football team, the Permian Panthers, had a substantial, rich history of winning in Texas' 4A and 5A division, having",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17337473",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (Friday Night Lights)\"\npray for Jason Street. Team members then head over to the hospital, where Street's condition is still unclear. Riggins and Smash reconcile, while Julie tries to comfort Lyla. In a voice-over, coach Taylor is heard saying that \"\"We are all vulnerable, and we will all at some point in our lives fall.\"\" The television series \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" was based on the 2004 movie \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", which was in turn based on the 1990 non-fiction book \"\"\"\" by H. G. Bissinger. The book describes the 1988 season of the Permian Panthers, a high school football team in Odessa, Texas.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14517338",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nClarke (Jesse Plemons) and eventual live-in nurse and love interest Carlotta Alonso (Daniella Alonso). Star running back Brian \"\"Smash\"\" Williams (Gaius Charles) works to get a college football scholarship. Fullback Tim Riggins (Taylor Kitsch) struggles with alcoholism and complicated family problems. His brother Billy Riggins (Derek Phillips), while not his legal guardian, serves as Tim's caretaker. Tyra Collette (Adrianne Palicki) stars as a town vixen who wants to leave Dillon for a better life. Involved with Riggins, Tyra eventually develops a complicated relationship with Landry Clarke. Season one revolves around two main events: Coach Eric Taylor beginning as head coach",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17120596",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (season 1)\"\nFriday Night Lights (season 1) The first season of the American serial drama television series \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" commenced airing in the United States and Canada on October 3, 2006 and concluded its 22-episode season on April 11, 2007 on NBC. The series revolves around the Dillon Panthers and their new head coach Eric Taylor as they deal with the pressure of high school football in Texas and everything that comes with it, on and off the field. The first 10 episodes aired Tuesdays at 8:00 pm in the United States. When the show returned from the Christmas hiatus, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14517336",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\na sometimes confrontational community and his personal ambitions. His family – wife Tami Taylor (Connie Britton), a guidance counselor turned principal at Dillon High, and teenage daughter Julie Taylor (Aimee Teegarden) – are also central to the show. Coach Taylor and Tami are the only two characters to appear in every episode. Outside of the Taylor family, the show explores the lives of the Dillon high school football players. In the pilot, Coach Taylor's protege and star quarterback Jason Street (Scott Porter), suffers a spinal injury that ends his football career. He faces life as a quadriplegic. At first, Street",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3925698",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nto decide who gets the coaching job, Aikman is offered the job at Dillon High School, while Taylor is offered the job of coaching at recently reopened East Dillon High School. Billy and Mindy's wedding ends the season. Season 4 kicks off with Eric Taylor struggling as the East Dillon High coach. The team, field and conditions are a complete change from the privileged and sparkling conditions at West Dillon. East Dillon High resembles Odessa High from the source novel \"\"\"\", Permian High's sister school and the home of the Odessa Bronchos, with whom they have an annual rivalry match",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6694453",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (film)\"\nhappy except those memories. The loss puts Permian in a three-way tie for first place with Lee and Abilene Cooper, and a coin toss is held to determine which two teams make the playoffs. Permian and Lee win the toss, and as the Panthers prepare for the playoffs, Miles clears his locker. While in his uncle's car, he cries about his future in football becoming bleak. Permian is successful in the playoffs, but all eyes are on the state powerhouse Dallas Carter High School. Permian and Carter make it to the state championship game, which is held at the Astrodome",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13283656",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream\"\ngoing to Harvard. His father Tony is a successful lawyer originally from El Paso, Texas. Tony had enlisted in the United States Army after high school. After he was discharged, he took his GI Bill money and decided to take law classes at Texas Tech in Lubbock eventually graduating with a law degree in 1978. He supported the family by working as a police officer in El Paso. On his trips between the two cities, he drove through Odessa and thought it was dirty, seedy and trashy, and so decided to work in Midland. However, once he graduated, he got",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14517337",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nstruggles with these disabilities and the upturn of his life. Gradually, he copes with his new reality. Lyla Garrity (Minka Kelly), his girlfriend, undergoes her own changes, making a transition from a Panthers cheerleader to a Christian youth leader. Because of Street's injury, sophomore Matt Saracen (Zach Gilford), who is quiet and reserved, becomes the Panthers' starting quarterback. He eventually dates the coach's daughter, Julie. Viewers learn that Saracen's father is serving as a soldier in Iraq, and Saracen is the sole caretaker for his grandmother Lorraine Saracen (Louanne Stephens). Saracen receives little help, except from his best friend Landry",
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "18573181",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (film)\"\nsurvey of the football-obsessed heartland that succeeds as both a stirring drama and a rousing sports movie.\"\" The film also has a score of 70/100 on Metacritic, based on 35 reviews. While the residents of Odessa held a negative reception of , they eagerly anticipated the release of the film. The film was recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: Friday Night Lights (film) Friday Night Lights is a 2004 American sports drama film, directed by Peter Berg. The film follows the coach and players of a high school football team in the Texas city of Odessa, which supported",
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nroute to the NFL, leading to tension between him and his mother, who insists his priority should be getting an education. Smash accepts a scholarship to the prestigious TMU. However, Smash punches a white teenager who sexually harasses his sister when they're at the movies. This turns into a blown-out-of-proportion racial incident, and Smash is deemed someone who has \"\"character issues.\"\" His scholarship to TMU is revoked. He later commits to Whitmore University, a smaller historically black college that is more highly regarded for its academics than its athletic programs. The football coach at Whitmore has a strong relationship with",
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream\"\nwon championships in 1965, 1972, 1980, and 1984. Bissinger moved his family to Odessa and spent the entire 1988 football season with the Permian Panther players, their families, their coaches, and even many of the townspeople in an effort to understand the town and its football-mad culture. In the 5A playoff semifinals, Permian meets Dallas Carter Cowboys, a predominantly black team. In a hard fought game in the rain at Memorial Stadium in Austin, the Panthers are defeated 14–9. Dallas Carter, led by future Miami Hurricanes and New York Giants linebacker Jessie Armstead, goes on to win the state championship,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\ncharacters. For example, Jason Street, the character whose promising football career is ended by a spinal injury in the pilot, was inspired by a local event. David Edwards, a football player from San Antonio’s Madison High, was paralyzed during a November 2003 game. Berg was at the game when this accident occurred; he was profoundly affected by Edwards' injury and how it overturned his life. Berg set up a similar incident in the pilot. While relying on a script each week, the producers decided at the outset to allow the cast leeway in what they said and did on the",
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},
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nwife to Philadelphia as she accepts the job as Dean of Admissions at a prestigious school, and the show ends showing them living happily. Tim and Tyra talk about their dreams and a potential future at his new home site. Julie is engaged to Matt and lives with him in Chicago. Vince is the quarterback of the Dillon Panthers \"\"Superteam\"\", consisting of both East and West Dillon High School athletes, joined by Buddy Jr., Tinker, and possibly Hastings. Jess is living in Dallas, and helping to student coach a team and is following her dreams. Billy is expecting twins with",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14708954",
"chunk_text": "\"Gary Gaines\"\nGary Gaines Gary Gaines (born May 4, 1949) is a former American football coach. Gaines was the head coach of the 1988 Permian High School football team, which was the focus of the H. G. Bissinger book \"\"\"\" and the 2004 motion picture \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" starring Billy Bob Thornton. Gaines went on to work as an assistant at Texas Tech University recruiting and coaching linebackers such as former National Football League (NFL) player Zach Thomas. Gaines was the 17th head football coach at Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas and he held that position for five seasons, from 2000",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13182174",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nMindy. Luke Cafferty is seen with Becky at the bus depot departing for the Army. The second to the last scene is of Tim and Billy, taking a break while putting up the frame of Tim's new house. They sit back, crack open a beer, and Billy toasts, \"\"Texas Forever?\"\" to which Tim responds emphatically, \"\"Texas Forever\"\" and they clink their beers. The series ends with Eric coaching a new high school team in Philadelphia (in a noticeably smaller stadium than those in Texas). After practice, Eric recites the phrase: \"\"Clear eyes, full hearts...\"\" After not getting the normal response",
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (season 5)\"\ncompany and Universal Media Studios and filmed in Pflugerville, Texas. The final score was clearly 29–28 at the end of the episode \"\"Expectations\"\", but at the beginning of the episode \"\"The Right Hand of the Father\"\", the Cowboys game ball reads 22–21. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> TVLine's Michael Ausiello said after watching the finale that \"\"One of the best dramas in the history of TV is over...\"\" Ken Tucker from \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" wrote \"\"...that was one fine, emotional, intelligent, and satisfying ending... Watching the final episode, I came once again to the conclusion that this was the best portrait of a marriage I’ve",
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},
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"chunk_id": "3675288",
"chunk_text": "\"Ratliff Stadium\"\nRatliff Stadium have included track and field, soccer, marching band contests, and graduation ceremonies. Ratliff Stadium Ratliff Stadium is a stadium in Odessa, Texas. It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field for the city's two public high schools, Odessa and Permian High Schools. The stadium opened in 1982 and holds 19,302 people. It was the stadium used during filming of most of the football action in the 2004 movie \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", an adaptation of about Permian's 1988 football season. In 2015 Ratliff Stadium will serve as the home game venue for the newly established",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "5673923",
"chunk_text": "\"Dane Krager\"\nYard\"\". Dane Krager made his acting debut as the character Willis in the television show, \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". On March 30, 2013, Dane Krager married his girlfriend Ryan Long at a private beach ceremony held on Amelia Island, Florida. Dane Krager Dane Krager (born May 18, 1979 in Austin, Texas) is a former arena football Fullback / Linebacker. He played college football at Angelo State. In his career, Krager has played for the Minnesota Vikings, Seattle Seahawks, Austin Wranglers, and Arizona Rattlers. As well as owning his own fitness business, Dane's Body Shop, in Austin, Texas. Krager attended Leander High",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
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"chunk_id": "17337465",
"chunk_text": "\"Pilot (Friday Night Lights)\"\nPilot (Friday Night Lights) \"\"Pilot\"\" is the first episode of the sports drama television series \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". The episode premiered on the NBC network on October 3, 2006. It introduces the men and women involved with the Dillon Panthers, a Texas high school football team. In the pilot episode, the team is preparing for the first game of the season, which will be the first game under new head coach Eric Taylor. The show is based on the 2004 film \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", which was in turn based on the 1990 non-fiction book \"\"\"\" by H. G. Bissinger. Peter",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3675287",
"chunk_text": "\"Ratliff Stadium\"\nRatliff Stadium Ratliff Stadium is a stadium in Odessa, Texas. It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field for the city's two public high schools, Odessa and Permian High Schools. The stadium opened in 1982 and holds 19,302 people. It was the stadium used during filming of most of the football action in the 2004 movie \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", an adaptation of about Permian's 1988 football season. In 2015 Ratliff Stadium will serve as the home game venue for the newly established University of Texas of the Permian Basin (UTPB) Football team. Other events held at",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "9419141",
"chunk_text": "\"Tyra Collette\"\nTyra Collette Tyra Collette is a character in the NBC/DirecTV drama Friday Night Lights, portrayed by actress Adrianne Palicki. Tyra is a resident of the fictional Dillon, Texas. She works at Applebee's and lives with her mother and older sister, who is a stripper. Little is known about her absent father. Initially the girlfriend of Tim Riggins, she spends most of the series actively hating Dillon, football, and the Dillon Panthers. At the beginning of season one, Tyra is dating Tim Riggins despite publicly flirting with Brian \"\"Smash\"\" Williams. She eventually dumps Tim, but is still devastated when she learns",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "16435600",
"chunk_text": "\"Taylor Kitsch\"\nedition coffee table book \"\"About Face\"\" by celebrity photographer John Russo. In 2006, Kitsch was cast in his breakout role on the NBC sports teen drama television series \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", based on Peter Berg's 2004 film of the same name and set in the fictional town of Dillon, Texas. For five seasons, Kitsch portrayed the role of Tim Riggins, a high school student who is the fullback/running back of the Dillon Panthers. The series premiered in October 2006 to universal critical acclaim from critics and over 7.7 million viewers. Kitsch has ruled out reprising his role in a potential",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nhis bar. Tim is angry with his brother Billy and threatens to move to Alaska to work on a pipeline but Tyra Collette comes back for a visit to Dillon and tells him he needs to repair his relationship with Billy. After they spend the night together, she asks Tim to show her his land, and the episode closes with Tyra asking, \"\"Alaska, Tim?\"\" to which Tim smiles a guilty smile. In the last episode, East Dillon wins the state championship after Coach Taylor and Vince share a moment of respect for each other. Coach Taylor then moves with his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4135400",
"chunk_text": "\"Katherine Willis\"\nKatherine Willis Katherine Willis (born May 2, 1971) is an American actress and producer, best known for roles as Joanne Street on the television drama Friday Night Lights, Cordelia Crawford on Deliverance Creek, and Cathy Smith on The Long Road Home. Born in Kolofo'ou, Tonga, Katherine's father was a high school art teacher working under contract at a private high school. She is the fourth of seven children to Kathleen Perkins Willis, a homemaker, and Emmanuel Van Willis. Her father changed careers from high school art teacher to psychologist. He worked in maximum security prisons for 24 years before retiring.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_id": "9900966",
"chunk_text": "\"Zach Gilford\"\nZach Gilford Zachary Michael \"\"Zach\"\" Gilford (born January 14, 1982) is an American actor best known for his role as Matt Saracen on the NBC sports drama \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". Gilford was born in Evanston, Illinois, the son of Anne and Steve Gilford. He is of half Swedish and half Russian Jewish descent. He graduated from Northwestern University and Evanston Township High School. He served as a Trip Leader for Adventures Cross-Country and has led wilderness and adventure trips for teenagers to Alaska, British Columbia, California, Hawaii, and the South Pacific. Gilford also worked as a staff member for YMCA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "13182119",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\ncontemporary American culture, including family values, school funding, racism, drugs, abortion and lack of economic opportunities. Produced by NBCUniversal, \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" premiered on October 3, 2006, and aired for two seasons on NBC. Although the show had garnered critical acclaim and passionate fans, the series suffered low ratings and was in danger of cancellation after the second season. To save the series, NBC struck a deal with DirecTV to co-produce three more seasons; each subsequent season premiered on DirecTV's 101 Network, with NBC rebroadcasts a few months later. The series ended its run on The 101 Network on February",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream\"\nbut faced severe penalties for their grade tampering, giving the state championship to Judson High School almost three years later. The book ends with Coach erasing names of the seniors from his board and replacing them with names of the juniors who will replace them next season. Permian goes undefeated the next year, with future NFL player Stoney Case as quarterback, and becomes the 1989 Texas state football champions. Prologue Bissinger discusses the Midland Lee game, as Permian's arch rival. The game is played on October 28, 1988. He introduces the characters of Gary Gaines, Mike Winchell, Don Billingsley, Boobie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3925697",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nat a sports agency in New York City, after visiting a former Panthers player who is now playing professionally, and moves to the northeast to be close to his girlfriend and newborn baby. Matt is pushed back into his former football role in the playoffs. While Eric Taylor and Buddy Garrity were making a visit to a possible recruit who just moved into town, the coach learns of a plot to have him replaced as head coach of the Dillon Panthers. They learn that Joe McCoy wants Taylor replaced with Wade Aikman, J.D.'s personal coach. After the school's administration meets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5045530",
"chunk_text": "\"Derek Phillips (actor)\"\nDerek Phillips (actor) Derek Phillips (born April 18, 1976) is an American stage, screen, and television actor. He is best known for his role as Billy Riggins in the NBC television series \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". Phillips was born in Miami, Florida on April 18, 1976, and attended Baylor University where he received a BFA in acting. Upon graduation, Phillips moved to New York City and began acting professionally in both television and regional theatre performing throughout the country in numerous plays, including \"\"The Winter's Tale\"\" (Baltimore Center Stage), \"\"Of Mice and Men\"\" (Dallas Theater Center), \"\"The Glass Menagerie\"\" (Virginia Stage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11276030",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Street\"\nJason Street Jason Mitchell Street is a fictional character in the NBC/DirecTV (The 101 Network) television drama \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\", portrayed by Scott Porter. Introduced as the small town \"\"All-American,\"\" Jason is the starting quarterback of the Dillon Panthers, with a promising future career, until an injury during the season-opening football game results in paraplegia. Jason's story arc is focused on his adjusting to life and carving out a niche for himself outside of Panthers' football. In Season 3, due to Porter leaving the show, Jason moves to New York City after landing an entry-level position at a sports agency",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6925703",
"chunk_text": "\"Dora Madison Burge\"\nDora Madison Burge Dora Madison Burge (born October 17, 1990), sometimes credited professionally as Madison Burge and Dora Madison, is an American actress. She is known for starring as Becky Sproles on the NBC/DirecTV drama \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\" from 2009 to 2011. She starred as Jessica \"\"Chili\"\" Chilton on the NBC drama \"\"Chicago Fire\"\" from 2015 to 2016. Burge was born in Hutto, Texas, as the youngest of six children. She attended Round Rock Christian Academy and was accepted to the University of North Texas but deferred to pursue a career in acting. She is also an aspiring singer and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3925699",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nwhich divides the town. The East Dillon Lions and Odessa Bronchos both wear red uniforms and are considered underdogs to the Panthers. Additionally, Odessa High and East Dillon are both underfunded and considered inferior compared to their rival school, and serve a predominately poor minority community. Additionally, the school district boundaries between East and West Dillon were intentionally drawn to ensure the majority of talented players would be zoned for West Dillon; the districts between Permian and Odessa High were drawn in a similar manner. As Coach begins putting together his new Lion team, he realizes he's in for more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12671278",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream\"\nFriday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream is a 1990 non-fiction book written by H. G. Bissinger. The book follows the story of the 1988 Permian High School Panthers football team from Odessa, Texas, as they made a run towards the Texas state championship. While originally intended to be a \"\"Hoosiers\"\"-type chronicle of high school sports that holds together a small town, the final book ended up being critical about life in the town of Odessa. It was later adapted for television and film. Bissinger was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13182162",
"chunk_text": "\"Friday Night Lights (TV series)\"\nthan he bargained for. The players who try out are less than desirable, but Coach gets a lucky break with a couple of new faces. The first is Vince Howard (Michael B. Jordan), a student who has gotten in trouble with the law too many times. He is given one last chance if he plays football for the East Dillon Lions. Although he has no prior football experience, he has natural talent and becomes the team's first star quarterback. The second break comes to the Lions when Buddy Garrity reveals to Eric that the address on file for the Panthers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_638
|
who led an attack that allowed for american victory at yorktown?
|
n/a
|
[
"George Washington",
"Comte de Rochambeau"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
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"chunk_id": "1855622",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nSiege of Yorktown The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis. The culmination of the Yorktown campaign, the siege proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War in the North American",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 0
},
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"chunk_id": "8716617",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nHerbert Hoover along with French representatives. The event included the official dedication of the Colonial National Historical Park. Siege of Yorktown The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis. The culmination of the Yorktown campaign, the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "13269820",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nYorktown order of battle The Siege of Yorktown was the culminating act of the Yorktown campaign, a series of military operations occupying much of 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted in British recognition of American independence with the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The siege involved land forces from the United States, including the Continental Army and state militias, as well as land forces under French",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
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"chunk_id": "17041768",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nYorktown campaign The Yorktown or Virginia campaign was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the decisive Siege of Yorktown in October 1781. The result of the campaign was the surrender of the British Army force of General Charles Earl Cornwallis, an event that led directly to the beginning of serious peace negotiations and the eventual end of the war. The campaign was marked by disagreements, indecision, and miscommunication on the part of British leaders, and by a remarkable set of cooperative decisions, at times in violation of orders, by the French",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
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"chunk_id": "5414984",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nMorrissey, Brendan (1999), \"\"Yorktown 1781: The World Turned Upside Down\"\", Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey Military. Yorktown order of battle The Siege of Yorktown was the culminating act of the Yorktown campaign, a series of military operations occupying much of 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted in British recognition of American independence with the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The siege involved land forces from the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
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"chunk_id": "5414976",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nstates, or were German immigrants to America; this has led the siege to be known in German historiography as \"\"die Deutsche Schlacht\"\" (\"\"the German battle\"\"). The following units and commanders of the British, American, and French forces fought in the Siege of Yorktown, or provided significant local support. The British Army forces present at Yorktown arrived in Virginia in four separate detachments. The first was sent from New York City in December 1780 under the command of the turncoat Brigadier General Benedict Arnold. The second was sent from New York in March 1781 under the command of Major General William",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
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"chunk_id": "10967294",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\na measure, [...] the one would have been turned out, and the other would have been hung: no wonder they succeeded and we failed.\"\" The principal points of commemoration of the events of this campaign are managed by the National Park Service in the Colonial National Historical Park. In addition to the battlefield at Yorktown, the park includes the Cape Henry Memorial, where the French naval victory by de Grasse is remembered. Yorktown campaign The Yorktown or Virginia campaign was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the decisive Siege of Yorktown",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18785509",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nand Americans. The campaign involved land and naval forces of Great Britain and France, and land forces of the United States. British forces were sent to Virginia between January and April 1781 and joined with Cornwallis's army in May, which came north from an extended campaign through the southern states. These forces were first opposed weakly by Virginia militia, but General George Washington sent first Marquis de Lafayette and then Anthony Wayne with Continental Army troops to oppose the raiding and economic havoc the British were wreaking. The combined American forces, however, were insufficient in number to oppose the combined",
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"chunk_id": "1042780",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nregular soldiers under the command of the German Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm von Zweibrücken and redoubt 10 would be assaulted by 400 light infantry troops under the command of Alexander Hamilton. There was a brief dispute as to who should lead the attack on Redoubt No. 10. Lafayette named his aide, Jean-Joseph Sourbader de Gimat, who commanded a battalion of Continental light infantry. However, Hamilton protested, saying that he was the senior officer. Washington concurred with Hamilton and gave him command of the attack. At 6:30 pm, gunfire announced the diversionary attack on the Fusiliers redoubt. At other places in the",
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"chunk_id": "15937496",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nbut threw down their arms and surrendered when the French prepared a bayonet charge. With the capture of redoubts 9 and 10, Washington was able to have his artillery shell the town from three directions and the allies moved some of their artillery into the redoubts. On October 15, Cornwallis turned all of his guns onto the nearest allied position. He then ordered a storming party of 350 British troops under the command of Colonel Robert Abercromby to attack the allied lines and spike the American and French cannon (i.e., plug the touch hole with an iron spike). The allies",
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"chunk_id": "17041789",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nand fought a disciplined but losing action on April 25. Von Steuben and Muhlenberg retreated before the advance of Phillips, who hoped to again raid Richmond. However, Lafayette made a series of forced marches, and reached Richmond on April 29, just hours before Phillips. To counter the British threat in the Carolinas, Washington had sent Major General Nathanael Greene, one of his best strategists, to rebuild the American army in North Carolina after the defeat at Camden. General Cornwallis, leading the British troops in the south, wanted to deal with him and gain control over the state. Greene divided his",
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"chunk_id": "17041791",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nbaggage, gave up the pursuit. However, Greene received reinforcements and supplies, recrossed the Dan, and returned to Greensboro, North Carolina to do battle with Cornwallis. The earl won the battle, but Greene was able to withdraw with his army intact, and the British suffered enough casualties that Cornwallis was forced to retreat to Wilmington for reinforcement and resupply. Greene then went on to regain control over most of South Carolina and Georgia. Cornwallis, in violation of orders but also in the absence of significant strategic direction by General Clinton, decided to take his army, now numbering just 1,400 men, into",
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"page_id": 11
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"chunk_id": "15937466",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nfleet transporting 5,500 soldiers, was encouraged by Washington and French Lieutenant General Rochambeau to move his fleet south, and launch a joint land-naval attack on Arnold's troops. The Marquis de Lafayette was sent south with 1,200 men to help with the assault. However, Destouches was reluctant to dispatch many ships, and in February sent only three. After they proved ineffective, he took a larger force of 8 ships in March 1781, and fought a tactically inconclusive battle with the British fleet of Marriot Arbuthnot at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. Destouches withdrew due to the damage sustained to his",
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"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nfleet, leaving Arbuthnot and the British fleet in control of the bay's mouth. On March 26, Arnold was joined by 2,300 troops under command of Major General William Phillips, who took command of the combined forces. Phillips resumed raiding, defeating the militia at Blandford, then burning the tobacco warehouses at Petersburg on April 25. Richmond was about to suffer the same fate, but Lafayette arrived. The British, not wanting to engage in a major battle, withdrew to Petersburg on May 10. On May 20, Charles Cornwallis arrived at Petersburg with 1,500 men after suffering heavy casualties at the Battle of",
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown (1862)\"\nSiege of Yorktown (1862) The Battle of Yorktown or Siege of Yorktown was fought from April 5 to May 4, 1862, as part of the Peninsula Campaign of the American Civil War. Marching from Fort Monroe, Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac encountered Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder's small Confederate force at Yorktown behind the Warwick Line. McClellan suspended his march up the Peninsula toward Richmond and settled in for siege operations. On April 5, the IV Corps of Brig. Gen. Erasmus D. Keyes made initial contact with Confederate defensive works at Lee's Mill, an area",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "1855673",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nOn October 19, 1881, an elaborate ceremony took place to honor the battle's centennial. U.S. naval vessels floated on Chesapeake Bay, and special markers highlighted where Washington and Lafayette's siege guns were placed. President Chester Arthur, sworn in only thirty days before, following James Garfield's death, made his first public speech as president. Also present were descendants of Lafayette, Rochambeau, de Grasse, and Steuben. To close the ceremony, Arthur gave an order to salute the British flag. There is a belief that General Cornwallis's sword, surrendered by Charles O'Hara after the battle, is to this day on display at the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nRochambeau arrived, and the army and naval forces completely surrounded Cornwallis. After initial preparations, the Americans and French built their first parallel and began the bombardment. With the British defense weakened, on October 14, 1781, Washington sent two columns to attack the last major remaining British outer defenses. A French column under Wilhelm of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken took Redoubt No. 9 and an American column under Alexander Hamilton took Redoubt No. 10. With these defenses taken, the allies were able to finish their second parallel. With the American artillery closer and its bombardment more intense than ever, the British position began",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
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"chunk_id": "5414979",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\n1781. Commander Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis, commanding Headquarters Artillery British Infantry \"\"Brigade of Foot Guards\"\" Brig. Gen. Charles O'Hara \"\"Light Infantry Brigade\"\" Lt. Col. Robert Abercromby, 38th Foot \"\"1st Brigade\"\" Lt. Col. John Yorke, 22nd Foot \"\"2nd Brigade\"\" Lt. Col. Thomas Dundas, 80th Foot Ansbach-Bayreuth Contingent Col. August von Voigt Hesse-Kassel Contingent Lt. Col. Matthew von Fuchs The American forces that opposed Cornwallis at Yorktown also arrived in Virginia at different times, since most of the detachments were made in reaction to the British movements. After Arnold was sent to Virginia, Major General George Washington, the American commander-in-chief, in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
},
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"chunk_id": "18785511",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nand delivering additional land forces to blockade him on land. The Royal Navy attempted to dispute this control, but Admiral Thomas Graves was defeated in the key Battle of the Chesapeake on September 5. American and French armies that had massed outside New York City began moving south in late August, and arrived near Yorktown in mid-September. Deceptions about their movement successfully delayed attempts by Clinton to send more troops to Cornwallis. The Siege of Yorktown began on September 28, 1781. In a step that probably shortened the siege, Cornwallis decided to abandon parts of his outer defenses, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "18787708",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\na raid into central Virginia. Tarleton's raid was based on intelligence that supplies might be intercepted that were en route to General Greene. The raid, in which Tarleton's force rode in four days, was a failure, since supplies had already been moved. (During this raid, some of Tarleton's men were supposedly in a minor skirmish with Peter Francisco, one of the American heroes of Guilford Court House.) Cornwallis received another letter from General Clinton while at Suffolk, dated June 20, stating that the forces to be embarked were to be used for an attack against Philadelphia. When Cornwallis reached Portsmouth,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_id": "1042782",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nthe redoubt. The Americans forced their way into the redoubt falling into giant shell holes from the bombardment of the redoubts. The British fire was heavy, but the Americans overwhelmed them. Someone in the front shouted, \"\"Rush on boys! The fort's ours!\"\" The British threw hand grenades at the Americans with little effect. Men in the trench stood on the shoulders of their comrades to climb into the redoubt. The bayonet fight cleared the British out of the redoubt and almost the entire garrison was captured, including the commander of the redoubt, Major Campbell. In the assault, the Americans lost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
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"chunk_id": "21002491",
"chunk_text": "\"François Joseph Paul de Grasse\"\nnamed two vessels in his honour: The United States Navy has had three vessels named in his honour: Citations References François Joseph Paul de Grasse François Joseph Paul, comte de Grasse (13 September 1722 – 11 January 1788) was a career French officer who achieved the rank of admiral. He is best known for his command of the French fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake in 1781 in the last year of the American Revolutionary War. It led directly to the British surrender at Yorktown and helped gain the rebels' victory. After this action, Grasse returned with his fleet",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
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"chunk_id": "4739473",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown, Virginia\"\nYorktown, Virginia Yorktown is a census-designated place (CDP) in York County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat of York County, one of the eight original shires formed in colonial Virginia in 1682. Yorktown's population was 195 as of the 2010 census, while York County's population was 66,134 in the 2011 census estimate. The town is most famous as the site of the siege and subsequent surrender of General Charles Cornwallis to General George Washington and the French Fleet during the American Revolutionary War on October 19, 1781. Although the war would last for another year, this British defeat",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "12720244",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nDomingo, de Grasse met with Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis, an agent of Carlos III of Spain. De Grasse had planned to leave several of his warships in Santo Domingo. Saavedra promised the assistance of the Spanish navy to protect the French merchant fleet, enabling de Grasse to sail north with all of his warships. In the beginning of September, he defeated a British fleet led by Sir Thomas Graves that came to relieve Cornwallis at the Battle of the Chesapeake. As a result of this victory, de Grasse blocked any escape by sea for Cornwallis. By late September, Washington and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "3532855",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Lincoln\"\nBenjamin Lincoln Benjamin Lincoln (January 24, 1733 (O.S. January 13, 1732) – May 9, 1810) was an American army officer. He served as a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Lincoln is notable for being involved in three major surrenders during the war: his participation in the Battles of Saratoga (sustaining a wound shortly afterward) contributed to John Burgoyne's surrender of a British army, he oversaw the largest American surrender of the war at the 1780 Siege of Charleston, and, as George Washington's second in command, he formally accepted the British surrender at Yorktown. After",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_id": "18785510",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nBritish forces, and it was only after a series of controversially confusing orders by General Sir Henry Clinton, the British commander-in-chief, that Cornwallis moved to Yorktown in July and built a defensive position that was strong against the land forces he then faced, but was vulnerable to naval blockade and siege. British naval forces in North America and the West Indies were weaker than the combined fleets of France and Spain, and, after some critical decisions and tactical missteps by British naval commanders, the French fleet of Paul de Grasse gained control over Chesapeake Bay, blockading Cornwallis from naval support",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
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"chunk_id": "5414977",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nPhillips to reinforce Arnold after a Franco-American threat. The third detachment to arrive was that of General Cornwallis, who had been active in the Carolinas and, following the Battle of Guilford Court House on March 15, decided to join forces with Arnold and Phillips. This was contrary to instructions from his superior, Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton, British Commander-in-Chief in North America. He arrived at Petersburg, Virginia in late May to take command of the troops there; Phillips had died of a fever just a week before, and Arnold returned to New York not long after Cornwallis arrived. While at",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "17041790",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\ninferior force, sending part of his army under Daniel Morgan to threaten the British post at Ninety Six, South Carolina. Cornwallis sent Banastre Tarleton after Morgan, who almost wiped out Tarleton's command in the January 1781 Battle of Cowpens, and almost captured Tarleton in the process. This action was followed by what has been called the \"\"race to the Dan,\"\" in which Cornwallis gave chase to Morgan and Greene in an attempt to catch them before they reunited their forces. When Greene successfully crossed the Dan River and entered Virginia, Cornwallis, who had stripped his army of most of its",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "1855624",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nand Rochambeau decided to ask de Grasse for assistance either in besieging New York, or in military operations against a British army operating in Virginia. On the advice of Rochambeau, de Grasse informed them of his intent to sail to the Chesapeake Bay, where Cornwallis had taken command of the army. Cornwallis, at first given confusing orders by his superior officer, Henry Clinton, was eventually ordered to build a defensible deep-water port, which he began to do in Yorktown. Cornwallis' movements in Virginia were shadowed by a Continental Army force led by the Marquis de Lafayette. The French and American",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_id": "11529952",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\ntheater, as the surrender by Cornwallis, and the capture of both him and his army, prompted the British government to negotiate an end to the conflict. The battle boosted faltering American morale and revived French enthusiasm for the war, as well as undermining popular support for the conflict in Great Britain. In 1780, about 5,500 French soldiers landed in Rhode Island to help their American allies fight the British troops who controlled New York City. Following the arrival of dispatches from France that included the possibility of support from the French West Indies fleet of the Comte de Grasse, Washington",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "17044278",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nongoing problem until the war ended, but Washington fought no more battles. The French forces that came with de Grasse were reembarked, and he sailed for the West Indies, with the fleet of de Barras, in early November. After recapturing a number of British-held targets there, de Grasse was preparing to join with the Spanish for an assault on Jamaica when Admiral Rodney defeated him in the April 1782 Battle of the Saintes, capturing him and his flagship. The forces of General Rochambeau wintered in Virginia, and marched back to Rhode Island the next summer. General Washington's aide, Lieutenant Tench",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
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"chunk_id": "5414981",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nthe assistance of the French army. However, word from Admiral Paul de Grasse of the French West Indies fleet would sail north to assist in operations on the Chesapeake Bay convinced Washington that action was best taken against Cornwallis's army in Virginia. Accordingly, the American and French armies set out in mid-August for Virginia. Some troops went overland the entire way; others were transported on the Chesapeake by ships of the French Navy. Washington arrived in Lafayette's camp before Yorktown on September 17. Commander General George Washington, commanding Headquarters Artillery Brigadier General Henry Knox Infantry Light Division Major General Marquis",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "627155",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Camden\"\nBattle of Camden The Battle of Camden was a major victory for the British in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War (American War of Independence). On August 16, 1780, British forces under Lieutenant General Charles, Lord Cornwallis routed the American forces of Major General Horatio Gates about five miles north of Camden, South Carolina, strengthening the British hold on the Carolinas following the capture of Charleston. The rout was a humiliating defeat for Gates, the American general best known for commanding the Americans at the British defeat of Saratoga, whose army had possessed a large numerical superiority over",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "15937486",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nAmerican guns there were three twenty-four pounders, three eighteen pounders, two eight-inch (203 mm) howitzers and six mortars, totaling fourteen guns. At 3:00 pm, the French guns opened the barrage and drove the British frigate, HMS \"\"Guadeloupe\"\" across the York River, where she was scuttled to prevent capture. At 5:00 pm, the Americans opened fire. Washington fired the first gun; legend has it that this shot smashed into a table where British officers were eating. The Franco-American guns began to tear apart the British defenses. Washington ordered that the guns fire all night so that the British could not make",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17041781",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nfortified ports of Savannah, Georgia and Charleston, South Carolina, and a string of outposts in the interior of those two states. Although the strongest outposts were relatively immune to attack from the Patriot militia that were their only formal opposition in those states, the smaller outposts, as well as supply convoys and messengers, were often the target of militia commanders like Thomas Sumter and Francis Marion. Portsmouth had most recently been occupied in October 1780 by a force under the command of Major General Alexander Leslie, but Lieutenant General Charles, Earl Cornwallis, commanding the British southern army, had ordered them",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_id": "12447481",
"chunk_text": "\"American Revolutionary War\"\nFrench when they opted to send their fleet to their preferred target of Yorktown. In August, the combined Franco-American army moved south to coordinate with de Grasse in defeating Cornwallis. The British lacked sufficient naval resources to effectively counter the French, but they dispatched a fleet under Thomas Graves to assist Cornwallis and attempt to gain naval dominance. On September 5, the French fleet decisively defeated Graves, giving the French control of the seas around Yorktown and cutting off Cornwallis from reinforcements and relief. Despite the continued urging of his subordinates, Cornwallis made no attempt to break out and engage",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
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"chunk_id": "17041782",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nto South Carolina in November. To replace General Leslie at Portsmouth, General Clinton sent 1,600 troops under General Benedict Arnold (recently commissioned into the British Army as a brigadier) to Virginia in late December. Part of the fleet carrying General Arnold and his troops arrived in Chesapeake Bay on December 30, 1780. Without waiting for the rest of the transports to arrive, Arnold sailed up the James River and disembarked 900 troops at Westover, Virginia, on January 4. After an overnight forced march, he raided Richmond, the state capital, the next day, encountering only minimal militia resistance. After two more",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "5414982",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown order of battle\"\nde Lafayette 2nd Division Major General Benjamin Lincoln 3rd Division Major General Baron von Steuben Virginia Militia General Thomas Nelson The French forces at Yorktown came from two separate sources. The larger force, under the command of Lieutenant General the Comte de Rochambeau, landed at Newport, Rhode Island in 1780, and marched overland to join Washington's army outside New York in the summer of 1781. These troops marched with Washington's army from New York to Yorktown. More of the French troops were transported by boat on the Chesapeake than Americans, due to the French fleet commanders' preferences for transporting their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "4500806",
"chunk_text": "\"Alvin York\"\nAlvin York Alvin Cullum York (December 13, 1887 – September 2, 1964), also known as Sergeant York, was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I. He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, taking at least one machine gun, killing at least 25 enemy soldiers and capturing 132. York's Medal of Honor action occurred during the United States-led portion of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in France, which was intended to breach the Hindenburg line and force the Germans to surrender. He earned decorations from several allied countries",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "10967292",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nreceived the news warmly, but Castries and the snubbed Charlus ensured that Lauzun and Rochambeau were denied or delayed in the receipt of rewards for the success. Deux-Ponts was rewarded with the Order of Saint Louis and command of a regiment. Historian John Pancake describes the later stages of the campaign as \"\"British blundering\"\" and that the \"\"allied operations proceeded with clockwork precision.\"\" Naval historian Jonathan Dull has described de Grasse's 1781 naval campaign, which encompassed, in addition to Yorktown, successful contributions to the French capture of Tobago and the Spanish siege of Pensacola, as the \"\"most perfectly executed naval",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20660164",
"chunk_text": "\"François Joseph Paul de Grasse\"\nFrançois Joseph Paul de Grasse François Joseph Paul, comte de Grasse (13 September 1722 – 11 January 1788) was a career French officer who achieved the rank of admiral. He is best known for his command of the French fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake in 1781 in the last year of the American Revolutionary War. It led directly to the British surrender at Yorktown and helped gain the rebels' victory. After this action, Grasse returned with his fleet to the Caribbean. In 1782 British Admiral Rodney decisively defeated and captured Grasse at the Battle of the Saintes. Grasse",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2525057",
"chunk_text": "\"Order of battle of the Battle of Long Island\"\nOrder of battle of the Battle of Long Island The Battle of Long Island was a decisive British victory early in the American Revolutionary War over American forces under the command of Major General George Washington, and the opening battle in a successful British campaign to gain control of New York City in 1776. The Americans had lined New York's harbor with various levels of entrenchment and fortification, which were defended by an array of Continental Army forces and militia companies from New York and nearby states. After the British made an unopposed landing on Long Island in mid-August, Washington",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
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"chunk_id": "15309860",
"chunk_text": "\"Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette\"\nwho had orders to construct fortifications to protect the British ships in Hampton Roads. Lafayette's containment trapped the British when the French fleet arrived and won the Battle of the Virginia Capes, depriving Cornwallis of naval protection. On 14 September 1781, Washington's forces joined Lafayette's. On 28 September, with the French fleet blockading the British, the combined forces laid siege to Yorktown. On 14 October, Lafayette's 400 men on the American right took Redoubt 9 after Alexander Hamilton's forces had charged Redoubt 10 in hand-to-hand combat. These two redoubts were key to breaking the British defenses. After a failed British",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12720274",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nline, movements were made as if preparing for an assault on Yorktown itself, which caused the British to panic. With bayonets fixed, the Americans marched towards Redoubt No. 10. Hamilton sent Lieutenant Colonel John Laurens around to the rear of the redoubt to prevent the British from escaping. The Americans reached the redoubt and began chopping through the British wooden defenses with their axes. A British sentry called a challenge, and then fired at the Americans. The Americans responded by charging with their bayonets towards the redoubt. They hacked through the abatis, crossed a ditch and climbed the parapet into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17041788",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nto send Arnold reinforcements. In the wake of Arbuthnot's sailing he sent transports carrying about 2,000 men under the command of General William Phillips to the Chesapeake. These joined Arnold at Portsmouth on March 27. Phillips, as senior commander, took over the force and resumed raiding, targeting Petersburg and Richmond. By this time, Baron von Steuben and Peter Muhlenberg, the militia commanders in Virginia, felt they had to make a stand to maintain morale despite the inferior strength of their troops. They established a defensive line in Blandford, near Petersburg (Blandford is now a part of the city of Petersburg),",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
},
{
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"chunk_id": "166913",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nexperience, he never challenged Washington's authority, telling Washington he had come to serve, not to command. Washington and Rochambeau discussed where to launch a joint attack. Washington believed an attack on New York was the best option, since the Americans and French now outnumbered the British defenders 3 to 1. Rochambeau disagreed, arguing the fleet in the West Indies under Admiral de Grasse was going to sail to the American coast, where easier options than attacking New York could be attempted. In early July, Washington suggested an attack be made at the northern part of Manhattan Island, but his officers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17007118",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown (1862)\"\non a purely land approach toward Yorktown. The Confederate defenders of Yorktown, led by Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder, initially numbered only 11–13,000 men; the rest of the Confederate forces, under the overall command of General Joseph E. Johnston, remained spread out across eastern Virginia at Culpeper, Fredericksburg, and Norfolk. Magruder constructed a defensive line from Yorktown on the York River, behind the Warwick River, to Mulberry Point on the James River (even taking advantage of some trenches originally dug by Cornwallis in 1781) to effectively block the full width of the Peninsula, although he could adequately man none of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17044271",
"chunk_text": "\"Yorktown campaign\"\nthis letter may have been instrumental in the decision by Cornwallis to remain at Yorktown and not try to fight his way out, despite the urging of Banastre Tarleton to break out against the comparatively weak Lafayette. General Washington, after spending a few days at Mount Vernon for the first time in years, arrived in the camps outside Yorktown on September 17. That same day, the British military leadership in New York held a council, in which they agreed that Cornwallis could not be reinforced until they had regained control of the Chesapeake. Historian Richard Ketchum describes the decision of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1855645",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nhundreds of horses and thrown them on the beach. In the American camp, thousands of trees were cut down to provide wood for earthworks. Preparations for the parallel also began. As the allies began to put their artillery into place, the British kept up a steady fire to disrupt them. British fire increased on the 2nd and the allies suffered moderate casualties. General Washington continued to make visits to the front, despite concern shown by several of his officers over the increasing enemy fire. On the night of October 2, the British opened a storm of fire to cover up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15937465",
"chunk_text": "\"Siege of Yorktown\"\nto deteriorate rapidly. Cornwallis asked for capitulation terms on October 17. After two days of negotiation, the surrender ceremony occurred on October 19; Cornwallis was absent from the ceremony. With the capture of more than 7,000 British soldiers, negotiations between the United States and Great Britain began, resulting in the Treaty of Paris of 1783. On December 20, 1780, Benedict Arnold sailed from New York with 1,500 troops to Portsmouth, Virginia. He first raided Richmond, defeating the defending militia, from January 5–7 before falling back to Portsmouth. Admiral Destouches, who arrived in Newport, Rhode Island in July 1780 with a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_639
|
what process causes the continents to drift apart how?
|
n/a
|
[
"Continental drift"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49746",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nconcept of continental drift. Striations indicated glacial flow away from the equator and toward the poles, based on continents' current positions and orientations, and supported the idea that the southern continents had previously been in dramatically different locations that were contiguous with one another. Continental drift Continental drift is the theory that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have \"\"drifted\"\" across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4662925",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nContinental drift Continental drift is the theory that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have \"\"drifted\"\" across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. The concept was independently and more fully developed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, but his theory was rejected by many for lack of any motive mechanism. Arthur Holmes later proposed mantle convection for that mechanism. The idea of continental drift has since been subsumed by the theory of plate tectonics, which explains that the continents",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13398763",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental collision\"\nContinental collision Continental collision is a phenomenon of the plate tectonics of Earth that occurs at convergent boundaries. Continental collision is a variation on the fundamental process of subduction, whereby the subduction zone is destroyed, mountains produced, and two continents sutured together. Continental collision is known only to occur on Earth. Continental collision is not an instantaneous event, but may take several tens of millions of years before the faulting and folding caused by collisions stops. The collision between India and Asia has been ongoing for about 50 million years already and shows no signs of abating. Collision between East",
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"chunk_id": "13763268",
"chunk_text": "Denudation\nDenudation In geology, denudation involves the processes that cause the wearing away of the Earth's surface by moving water, by ice, by wind and by waves, leading to a reduction in elevation and in relief of landforms and of landscapes. Endogenous processes such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and plate tectonics uplift and expose continental crust to the exogenous processes of weathering, of erosion, and of mass wasting. Denudation incorporates the mechanical, biological and chemical processes of erosion, weathering and mass wasting. Denudation can involve the removal of both solid particles and dissolved material. These include sub-processes of cryofracture, insolation weathering, slaking,",
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"chunk_id": "16845285",
"chunk_text": "Pangaea\nof the changes is Continental Drift. The theory of Continental Drift, created by Alfred Wegener, explained how the continents shifted Earth’s surface and how that affected many aspects such as climate, rock formations found on different continents and plant and animal fossils. Wegener studied plant fossils from the frigid Arctic of Svalbard, Norway. He determined that such plants were not adapted to a glacial climate. The fossils he found were from tropical plants that were adapted to thrive in warmer and tropical climates. Because he would not assume that the plant fossils were capable of traveling to a different place,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
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"chunk_id": "6240716",
"chunk_text": "\"Supercontinent cycle\"\nSupercontinent cycle The supercontinent cycle is the quasi-periodic aggregation and dispersal of Earth's continental crust. There are varying opinions as to whether the amount of continental crust is increasing, decreasing, or staying about the same, but it is agreed that the Earth's crust is constantly being reconfigured. One complete supercontinent cycle is said to take 300 to 500 million years. Continental collision makes fewer and larger continents while rifting makes more and smaller continents. The most recent supercontinent, Pangaea, formed about 300 million years ago (0.3 Ga). There are two different views on the history of earlier supercontinents. The first",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
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"chunk_id": "4662933",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nhis own. In the mid-20th century, the theory of continental drift was referred to as the \"\"Taylor-Wegener hypothesis\"\", although this terminology eventually fell out of common use. Alfred Wegener first presented his hypothesis to the German Geological Society on 6 January 1912. His hypothesis was that the continents had once formed a single landmass, called Pangaea, before breaking apart and drifting to their present locations. Wegener was the first to use the phrase \"\"continental drift\"\" (1912, 1915) (in German \"\"die Verschiebung der Kontinente\"\" – translated into English in 1922) and formally publish the hypothesis that the continents had somehow \"\"drifted\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
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"chunk_id": "3197452",
"chunk_text": "Earth\nhelped prevent the atmosphere from being stripped away by the solar wind. A crust formed when the molten outer layer of Earth cooled to form a solid. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growth early in Earth history followed by a long-term steady continental area. Continents formed by plate tectonics, a process ultimately driven by the continuous loss of heat from Earth's interior. Over the period of hundreds of millions of years, the supercontinents have assembled and broken apart. Roughly (Mya), one of the earliest",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
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"chunk_id": "2845067",
"chunk_text": "\"Polar drift\"\nPolar drift Polar drift is a geological phenomenon caused by variations in the flow of molten iron in Earth's outer core, resulting in changes in the orientation of Earth's magnetic field, and hence the position of the magnetic north- and south poles. The North Magnetic Pole is approximately from the geographic north pole. The pole drifts considerably each day, and since 2007 it moves about per year as a result of this phenomenon. The South Magnetic Pole is constantly shifting due to changes in the Earth's magnetic field. In 2015, it lay at (est). That point lies outside the Antarctic",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
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"chunk_id": "5605314",
"chunk_text": "\"Supercontinent cycle\"\narrangement. Diversity, as measured by the number of families, follows the supercontinent cycle very well. Supercontinent cycle The supercontinent cycle is the quasi-periodic aggregation and dispersal of Earth's continental crust. There are varying opinions as to whether the amount of continental crust is increasing, decreasing, or staying about the same, but it is agreed that the Earth's crust is constantly being reconfigured. One complete supercontinent cycle is said to take 300 to 500 million years. Continental collision makes fewer and larger continents while rifting makes more and smaller continents. The most recent supercontinent, Pangaea, formed about 300 million years ago",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
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"chunk_id": "12806658",
"chunk_text": "Supercontinent\nthe geoidal high that can be caused by the plumes or superplumes. This causes the continents to push together to form supercontinents and was evidently the process that operated to cause the early continental crust to aggregate into Protopangea. Dispersal of supercontinents is caused by the accumulation of heat underneath the crust due to the rising of very large convection cells or plumes, and a massive heat release resulted in the final break-up of Paleopangea. Accretion occurs over geoidal lows that can be caused by avalanche slabs or the downgoing limbs of convection cells. Evidence of the accretion and dispersion",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3488946",
"chunk_text": "Diastrophism\ndiastrophic movement was caused by gravitational contraction. In the United States, it was not until the late 1960s that thermal convection replaced the shrinking Earth theories. Diastrophism Diastrophism refers to deformation of the Earth's crust, and more especially to folding and faulting. Diastrophism can be considered part of geotectonics. \"\"Diastrophism\"\" comes from the Greek word meaning \"\"a twisting\"\". All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism. They include: (i) orogenic processes involving mountain building through severe folding and affecting long and narrow belts of the earth’s crust; (ii) epeirogenic processes involving uplift",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
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"chunk_id": "16845287",
"chunk_text": "Pangaea\nincreased evaporation and eventually atmospheric moisture. Increased evaporation and atmospheric moisture resulted in increased precipitation. Evidence of increased precipitation is the development of snow and ice that covers Greenland, which led to an accumulation of the icecap. Greenland’s growing ice cap led to further global cooling. Scientists also found evidence of global cooling through the separation of Australia and Antarctica and the formation of the Antarctic Ocean. Ocean currents in the newly formed Antarctic or Southern Ocean created a circumpolar current. The creation of the new ocean that caused a circumpolar current eventually led to atmospheric currents that rotated from",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
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"chunk_id": "49742",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\npolarity and the adjoining stripes reversed polarity. The best explanation was the \"\"conveyor belt\"\" or Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis. New magma from deep within the Earth rises easily through these weak zones and eventually erupts along the crest of the ridges to create new oceanic crust. The new crust is magnetized by the earth's magnetic field, which undergoes occasional reversals. Formation of new crust then displaces the magnetized crust apart, akin to a conveyor belt — hence the name. Without workable alternatives to explain the stripes, geophysicists were forced to conclude that Holmes had been right: ocean rifts were sites of perpetual",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_id": "19666360",
"chunk_text": "Forearc\nbut such deposits are not continuous and can often be removed by erosion. As tectonic plates converge, the closing of an ocean will result in the convergence of two landmasses, each of which is either an island arc or continental margin. When these two bodies collide, the result is orogenesis, at which time the underthrusting oceanic crust slows down. In early stages of arc-continent collision, there is uplift and erosion of the accretionary prism and forearc basin. In the later stages of collision, the forearc region may be sutured, rotated and shortened which can form syn-collisional folds and thrust belts.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16350035",
"chunk_text": "Orogeny\nOrogeny An orogeny is an event that leads to both structural deformation and compositional differentiation of the Earth's lithosphere (crust and uppermost mantle) at convergent plate margins. An orogen or orogenic belt develops when a continental plate crumples and is pushed upwards to form one or more mountain ranges; this involves a series of geological processes collectively called orogenesis. Orogeny is the primary mechanism by which mountains are built on continents. The word \"\"orogeny\"\" comes from Ancient Greek (, , + , , ). Although it was used before him, the term was employed by the American geologist G.K. Gilbert",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_id": "19581794",
"chunk_text": "Tectonics\nTectonics Tectonics (; ) is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time. In particular, it describes the processes of mountain building, the growth and behavior of the strong, old cores of continents known as cratons, and the ways in which the relatively rigid plates that constitute the Earth's outer shell interact with each other. Tectonics also provides a framework for understanding the earthquake and volcanic belts that directly affect much of the global population. Tectonic studies are important as guides for economic geologists searching for fossil fuels and ore deposits",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18924611",
"chunk_text": "Tectonics\nplanets and their moons. Tectonics Tectonics (; ) is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time. In particular, it describes the processes of mountain building, the growth and behavior of the strong, old cores of continents known as cratons, and the ways in which the relatively rigid plates that constitute the Earth's outer shell interact with each other. Tectonics also provides a framework for understanding the earthquake and volcanic belts that directly affect much of the global population. Tectonic studies are important as guides for economic geologists searching for fossil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49728",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nWegener noted the similarity of Mantovani's and his own maps of the former positions of the southern continents. In Mantovani's conjecture, this continent broke due to volcanic activity caused by thermal expansion, and the new continents drifted away from each other because of further expansion of the rip-zones, where the oceans now lie. This led Mantovani to propose an Expanding Earth theory which has since been shown to be incorrect. Continental drift without expansion was proposed by Frank Bursley Taylor, who suggested in 1908 (published in 1910) that the continents were moved into their present positions by a process of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13167307",
"chunk_text": "\"Epeirogenic movement\"\nEpeirogenic movement In geology, epeirogenic movement (from Greek \"\"epeiros\"\", land, and \"\"genesis\"\", birth) is upheavals or depressions of land exhibiting long wavelengths and little folding apart from broad undulations. The broad central parts of continents are called cratons, and are subject to epeirogeny. The movement may be one of subsidence toward, or of uplift from, the centre of the Earth. The movement is caused by a set of forces acting along an Earth radius, such as those contributing to isostasy and faulting in the lithosphere. Epeirogenic movement can be permanent or transient. Transient uplift can occur over a thermal anomaly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49729",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\n\"\"continental creep\"\". In a later paper he proposed that this occurred by their being dragged towards the equator by tidal forces during the hypothesized capture of the moon in the Cretaceous, resulting in \"\"general crustal creep\"\" toward the equator. Although his proposed mechanism was wrong, he was the first to realize the insight that one of the effects of continental motion would be the formation of mountains, and attributed the formation of the Himalayas to the collision between the Indian subcontinent with Asia. Wegener said that of all those theories, Taylor's, although not fully developed, had the most similarities to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11501576",
"chunk_text": "Diastrophism\nDiastrophism Diastrophism refers to deformation of the Earth's crust, and more especially to folding and faulting. Diastrophism can be considered part of geotectonics. \"\"Diastrophism\"\" comes from the Greek word meaning \"\"a twisting\"\". All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism. They include: (i) orogenic processes involving mountain building through severe folding and affecting long and narrow belts of the earth’s crust; (ii) epeirogenic processes involving uplift or warping of large parts of the earth’s crust; (iii) earthquakes involving local relatively minor movements; (iv) plate tectonics involving horizontal movements of crustal plates. Diastrophism",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10805754",
"chunk_text": "Orogeny\nwhich developed in continental detachment systems at converged plate margins. Orogeny An orogeny is an event that leads to both structural deformation and compositional differentiation of the Earth's lithosphere (crust and uppermost mantle) at convergent plate margins. An orogen or orogenic belt develops when a continental plate crumples and is pushed upwards to form one or more mountain ranges; this involves a series of geological processes collectively called orogenesis. Orogeny is the primary mechanism by which mountains are built on continents. The word \"\"orogeny\"\" comes from Ancient Greek (, , + , , ). Although it was used before him,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49745",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nridge-push, and other forces of tectonophysics will further separate and rotate those two continents. It was that temporary feature that inspired Wegener to study what he defined as continental drift although he did not live to see his hypothesis generally accepted. The widespread distribution of Permo-Carboniferous glacial sediments in South America, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Antarctica and Australia was one of the major pieces of evidence for the theory of continental drift. The continuity of glaciers, inferred from oriented glacial striations and deposits called tillites, suggested the existence of the supercontinent of Gondwana, which became a central element of the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16845280",
"chunk_text": "Pangaea\nit from Antarctica and allowing complete oceanic circulation around Antarctica for the first time. This motion, together with decreasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, caused a rapid cooling of Antarctica and allowed glaciers to form. This glaciation eventually coalesced into the kilometers-thick ice sheets seen today. Other major events took place during the Cenozoic, including the opening of the Gulf of California, the uplift of the Alps, and the opening of the Sea of Japan. The break-up of Pangaea continues today in the Red Sea Rift and East African Rift. Pangaea's formation is now commonly explained in terms of plate tectonics.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8416957",
"chunk_text": "Earth\nknown supercontinents, Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia , then finally Pangaea, which also broke apart . The present pattern of ice ages began about and then intensified during the Pleistocene about . High-latitude regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating about every . The last continental glaciation ended ago. Chemical reactions led to the first self-replicating molecules about four billion years ago. A half billion years later, the last common ancestor of all current life arose. The evolution of photosynthesis allowed the Sun's energy to be harvested directly by",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11624566",
"chunk_text": "Supercontinent\nthe primary resources used for reconstructing continent and supercontinent locations back to roughly 150 Ma. Plate tectonics and the chemical composition of the atmosphere (specifically greenhouse gases) are the two most prevailing factors present within the geologic time scale. Continental drift influences both cold and warm climatic episodes. Atmospheric circulation and climate are strongly influenced by the location and formation of continents and megacontinents. Therefore, continental drift influences mean global temperature. Oxygen levels of the Archaean Eon were negligible and today they are roughly 21 percent. It is thought that the Earth's oxygen content has risen in stages: six or",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9787733",
"chunk_text": "Paleocontinent\ninto one giant continent there was a giant ocean to match. Pangea broke apart after 70 million years. The supercontinent was torn apart through fragmentation, which is where parts of the main landmass would break off in stages. There were two main events that led to the dispersal of Pangea. The first was a passive rifting event that occurred in the Triassic period. This rifting event caused the Atlantic Ocean to form. The other event was an active rifting event. This happened in the Lower Jurassic and caused the opening of the Indian Ocean.This breakup took 17 million years to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2845068",
"chunk_text": "\"Polar drift\"\nCircle and it is moving northwest by about per year. Its current distance from the actual Geographic South Pole is approximately . The nearest permanent science station is Dumont d'Urville Station. Wilkes Land contains a large gravitational mass concentration. Polar drift Polar drift is a geological phenomenon caused by variations in the flow of molten iron in Earth's outer core, resulting in changes in the orientation of Earth's magnetic field, and hence the position of the magnetic north- and south poles. The North Magnetic Pole is approximately from the geographic north pole. The pole drifts considerably each day, and since",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13398774",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental collision\"\nhappened many times in the past. Ancient collision zones are deeply eroded but may still be recognized because these mark sites of intense deformation, metamorphism, and plutonic activity that separate tracts of continental crust having different geologic histories prior to the collision. Old collision zones are commonly called \"\"suture zones\"\" by geologists, because this is where two previous continents are joined or \"\"sutured\"\" together. Continental collision Continental collision is a phenomenon of the plate tectonics of Earth that occurs at convergent boundaries. Continental collision is a variation on the fundamental process of subduction, whereby the subduction zone is destroyed, mountains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4842277",
"chunk_text": "\"Seafloor spreading\"\nSeafloor spreading Seafloor spreading is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge. Earlier theories (e.g. by Alfred Wegener and Alexander du Toit) of continental drift postulated that continents \"\"ploughed\"\" through the sea. The idea that the seafloor itself moves (and also carries the continents with it) as it expands from a central axis was proposed by Harry Hess from Princeton University in the 1960s. The theory is well accepted now, and the phenomenon is known to be caused by convection currents in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9787720",
"chunk_text": "Paleocontinent\nnot very dense so neither continent would sink or sub duct. This causes the formation of Fold and Thrust belts, similar to the Himalayas today. Rodinia lasted for 250 mya and then began to come apart between 850 and 800 mya. The continent began to break part at a single point but then fractured and ripped open in three different directions. Two of the three rifts that were created were successful and the third failed. The breaking up Rodinia caused the formation of Gondwana or Gondwanaland and Laurentia. Rodinia’s breakup created many shallow coastal shelves that were not there before.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14087594",
"chunk_text": "\"Plate tectonics\"\ngravitational sliding of lithosphere plates away from them. This gravitational sliding represents a secondary phenomenon of this basically vertically oriented mechanism. This can act on various scales, from the small scale of one island arc up to the larger scale of an entire ocean basin. Alfred Wegener, being a meteorologist, had proposed tidal forces and centrifugal forces as the main driving mechanisms behind continental drift; however, these forces were considered far too small to cause continental motion as the concept was of continents plowing through oceanic crust. Therefore, Wegener later changed his position and asserted that convection currents are the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4662938",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nis created at spreading centers, and this, along with subduction, drives the system of plates in a chaotic manner, resulting in continuous orogeny and areas of isostatic imbalance. The theory of plate tectonics explains all this, including the movement of the continents, better than Wegener's theory. Hans Stille and Leopold Kober opposed the idea of continental drift and worked on a \"\"fixist\"\" geosyncline model with Earth contraction playing a key role in the formation of orogens. Other geologists who opposed continental drift were Bailey Willis, Charles Schuchert, Rollin Chamberlin and Walther Bucher. In 1939 an international geological conference was held",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16046992",
"chunk_text": "Catastrophism\nCatastrophism Catastrophism was the theory that the Earth had largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. This was in contrast to uniformitarianism (sometimes described as gradualism), in which slow incremental changes, such as erosion, created all the Earth's geological features. Uniformitarianism held that the present was the key to the past, and that all geological processes (such as erosion) throughout the past were like those that can be observed now. Since the early disputes, a more inclusive and integrated view of geologic events has developed, in which the scientific consensus accepts that there were some",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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{
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"chunk_id": "14317958",
"chunk_text": "\"Pangaea Ultima\"\nridge followed by subduction destroying the Atlantic and Indian basin, causing the Atlantic and Indian Oceans to close, bringing the Americas back together with Africa and Europe. As with most supercontinents, the interior of Pangaea Proxima would probably become a semi-arid desert prone to extreme temperatures. According to the Pangaea Ultima hypothesis, the Atlantic and Indian Oceans will continue to get wider until new subduction zones bring the continents back together, forming a future Pangaea. Most continents and microcontinents are predicted to collide with Eurasia, just as they did when most continents collided to Laurentia. Around 50 million years from",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49734",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\nPermian era but failing to account for glaciation in India, Australia and South Africa. Geophysicist Jack Oliver is credited with providing seismologic evidence supporting plate tectonics which encompassed and superseded continental drift with the article \"\"Seismology and the New Global Tectonics\"\", published in 1968, using data collected from seismologic stations, including those he set up in the South Pacific. It is now known that there are two kinds of crust: continental crust and oceanic crust. Continental crust is inherently lighter and its composition is different from oceanic crust, but both kinds reside above a much deeper \"\"plastic\"\" mantle. Oceanic crust",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14087575",
"chunk_text": "\"Plate tectonics\"\nPlate tectonics Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin \"\"tectonicus\"\", from the \"\"pertaining to building\"\") is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere, since tectonic processes began on Earth between 3 and 3.5 billion years ago. The model builds on the concept of continental drift, an idea developed during the first decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted plate-tectonic theory after seafloor spreading was validated in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1600683",
"chunk_text": "\"ΔT\"\nlarger, more consistent effect has been observed over many centuries: Earth's rate of rotation is inexorably slowing down. This observed change in the rate of rotation is attributable to two primary forces, one decreasing and one increasing the Earth's rate of rotation. Over the long term, the dominating force is tidal friction, which is slowing the rate of rotation, contributing about ms/day/cy or ms/cy, which is equal to the very small fractional change day/day. The most important force acting in the opposite direction, to speed up the rate, is believed to be a result of the melting of continental ice",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4662934",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental drift\"\napart. Although he presented much evidence for continental drift, he was unable to provide a convincing explanation for the physical processes which might have caused this drift. His suggestion that the continents had been pulled apart by the centrifugal pseudoforce (\"\"Polflucht\"\") of the Earth's rotation or by a small component of astronomical precession was rejected, as calculations showed that the force was not sufficient. The Polflucht hypothesis was also studied by Paul Sophus Epstein in 1920 and found to be implausible. The theory of continental drift was not accepted for many years. One problem was that a plausible driving force",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13398764",
"chunk_text": "\"Continental collision\"\nand West Gondwana to form the East African Orogen took about 100 million years from beginning (610 Ma) to end (510 Ma). Collision between Gondwana and Laurasia to form Pangea occurred in a relatively brief interval, about 50 million years long. The process begins as two continents (different bits of continental crust), separated across a tract of ocean (and oceanic crust), approach each other, while the oceanic crust is slowly consumed at a subduction zone. The subduction zone runs along the edge of one of the continents and dips under it, raising volcanic mountain chains at some distance behind it,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12143162",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilson cycle\"\nglobal scale. The Wilson cycle rarely synchronizes with the timing of a supercontinent cycle. However, supercontinent cycles and Wilson cycles were both involved in the creation of Pangaea and Rodinia. Wilson cycle The Wilson cycle is a model where a continent rifts, forms an ocean basin in-between, and then begins a process of convergence that leads to the collision of the two plates and closure of the ocean. The model is named after its originator John Tuzo Wilson. It has been suggested that Wilson cycles on Earth started about 3 Ga (3 billion years) ago in the Archean Eon of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1865809",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Earth\"\nThe ejecta in orbit around the Earth could have condensed into a single body within a couple of weeks. Under the influence of its own gravity, the ejected material became a more spherical body: the Moon. Mantle convection, the process that drives plate tectonics, is a result of heat flow from the Earth's interior to the Earth's surface. It involves the creation of rigid tectonic plates at mid-oceanic ridges. These plates are destroyed by subduction into the mantle at subduction zones. During the early Archean (about 3.0 Ga) the mantle was much hotter than today, probably around , so convection",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5948709",
"chunk_text": "\"Astronomical nutation\"\ninfluenced by rapidly and unpredictably varying things such as ocean currents, wind systems, and hypothesised motions in the liquid nickel-iron outer core of the Earth. Precession and nutation are caused principally by the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun acting upon the non-spherical figure of the Earth. Precession can be thought of as the effect of these forces when averaged over a very long period of time, and has a timescale of about 26,000 years. Nutation occurs because the forces are not constant, and vary as the Earth revolves around the Sun, and the Moon revolves around the Earth.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9714239",
"chunk_text": "Erosion\nErosion In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location (not to be confused with weathering which involves no movement). This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice (glaciers), snow, air (wind), plants, animals, and humans. In accordance with these agents, erosion is sometimes divided into water erosion, glacial erosion, snow erosion, wind (aeolic) erosion, zoogenic erosion, and anthropogenic erosion. The particulate breakdown of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15616292",
"chunk_text": "\"Extinction event\"\nexpose the atmosphere to the solar winds, causing oxygen ions to escape the atmosphere in a rate increased by 3–4 orders, resulting in a disastrous decrease in oxygen. Movement of the continents into some configurations can cause or contribute to extinctions in several ways: by initiating or ending ice ages; by changing ocean and wind currents and thus altering climate; by opening seaways or land bridges which expose previously isolated species to competition for which they are poorly adapted (for example, the extinction of most of South America's native ungulates and all of its large metatherians after the creation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3395380",
"chunk_text": "Laurasia\nformed - the Atlantic Ocean, though Greenland (attached to North America) and Europe were still joined together. The separation of Europe and Greenland occurred around 55 million years ago (at the end of the Paleocene). Laurasia finally divided into the continents after which it is named: Laurentia (now North America) and Eurasia (excluding the Indian subcontinent). Laurasia Laurasia () was the more northern of two supercontinents (the other being Gondwana) that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent around (Mya). It separated from Gondwana (beginning in the late Triassic period) during the breakup of Pangaea, drifting farther north after the split.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12806665",
"chunk_text": "Supercontinent\nboth the northern and southern hemispheres. The elevation of the Appalachians would greatly influence global atmospheric circulation. Continents affect the climate of the planet drastically, with supercontinents having a larger, more prevalent influence. Continents modify global wind patterns, control ocean current paths and have a higher albedo than the oceans. Winds are redirected by mountains, and albedo differences cause shifts in onshore winds. Higher elevation in continental interiors produce cooler, drier climate, the phenonmenon of continentality. This is seen today in Eurasia, and rock record shows evidence of continentality in the middle of Pangaea. The term glacio-epoch refers to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15616293",
"chunk_text": "\"Extinction event\"\na land bridge between North and South America). Occasionally continental drift creates a super-continent which includes the vast majority of Earth's land area, which in addition to the effects listed above is likely to reduce the total area of continental shelf (the most species-rich part of the ocean) and produce a vast, arid continental interior which may have extreme seasonal variations. Another theory is that the creation of the super-continent Pangaea contributed to the End-Permian mass extinction. Pangaea was almost fully formed at the transition from mid-Permian to late-Permian, and the \"\"Marine genus diversity\"\" diagram at the top of this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16845286",
"chunk_text": "Pangaea\nhe suspected that Svalbard had had a warmer, less frigid climate in the past. When Pangaea separated, the reorganization of the continents changed the function of the oceans and seaways. The restructuring of the continents, changed and altered the distribution of warmth and coolness of the oceans. When North America and South America connected, it stopped equatorial currents from passing from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Researchers have found evidence by using computer hydrological models to show that this strengthened the Gulf Stream by diverting more warm currents towards Europe. Warm waters at high latitudes led to an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_640
|
who played in last train from gun hill?
|
n/a
|
[
"Bing Russell",
"Earl Holliman",
"Val Avery",
"Brad Dexter",
"Kirk Douglas",
"Brian G. Hutton",
"Walter Sande",
"Carolyn Jones",
"Anthony Quinn",
"Ziva Rodann"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "4665944",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\nLast Train from Gun Hill Last Train from Gun Hill is a 1959 Western in VistaVision and Technicolor by action director John Sturges. It stars Kirk Douglas, Anthony Quinn, Carolyn Jones, and Earl Holliman. Douglas and Holliman had previously appeared together in Sturges' \"\"Gunfight at the O.K. Corral\"\" (1957), which used much of the same crew. Two old friends, Matt Morgan (Kirk Douglas) and Craig Belden (Anthony Quinn), now find themselves on opposite sides of the law. Belden, a rich cattle baron, is the de facto ruler of the town of Gun Hill. Morgan is a U.S. Marshal living in",
"is_relevant": null,
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{
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"chunk_id": "4665945",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\nanother town with his Native American/Indian wife (played by Ziva Rodann) and young son, Petey. Two young drunken cowboys rape and murder Morgan's wife while she is returning with their son from a visit to her father. The boy escapes on one of the killers' horses, bearing a distinctive, fancy saddle. Morgan sets off to find the killer. His one clue is the saddle, which he recognizes as belonging to Belden. Assuming it was stolen from his old friend, Morgan travels to the town of Gun Hill to pick up the trail, but once there he quickly realizes that Belden's",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "4665946",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\nson Rick (Earl Holliman) is the killer. Belden refuses to turn over his son, forcing Morgan to go against the entire town. He vows to capture Rick and get him on that night's last train from Gun Hill. Morgan takes Rick prisoner, holding him at the hotel. Belden sends men to rescue his son, but Morgan manages to hold them off. In the meantime, Belden's former lover (Carolyn Jones) decides to help Morgan. She sneaks a shotgun to his hotel room. The second rapist, Lee, sets fire to the hotel to flush out Morgan. Morgan presses the shotgun to Rick's",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "4665947",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\nchin on the way to the train depot, threatening to pull the trigger if anyone attempts to stop him. Lee tries to kill Morgan but shoots Rick instead. Morgan then kills Lee with the shotgun. As the train prepares to leave, a devastated Belden confronts Morgan in a final showdown and is gunned down. The movie was filmed in and around Old Tucson Studios outside of Tucson, Arizona, Sonoita, Arizona, as well as at Paramount Studios and their back lot in Los Angeles, California. Last Train from Gun Hill Last Train from Gun Hill is a 1959 Western in VistaVision",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4477359",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Hard Men (film)\"\nThe Last Hard Men (film) The Last Hard Men is a 1976 Western prison break film directed by Andrew McLaglen, based on the 1971 novel \"\"Gundown\"\" by Brian Garfield. It stars Charlton Heston and James Coburn. It would also feature a screen debut from Larry Wilcox, who would later star on the TV show \"\"CHiPs\"\". In 1909 Arizona, Captain Sam Burgade has retired from his law enforcement career with the Arizona Rangers. Hoping for peace and quiet, he suddenly learns that his old enemy, Zach Provo, has escaped from a Yuma prison with other convicts. Years before, Burgade was shot",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13758040",
"chunk_text": "\"Buckskin Joe\"\noperation for the town was September 12, 2010. The town was a western movie filming location with more than 21 films to its credit, including \"\"Cat Ballou\"\", \"\"The Cowboys\"\" and \"\"The Sacketts\"\". The 1991 television feature \"\"Conagher\"\" starring Sam Elliott, Katharine Ross, Ken Curtis and Barry Corbin was filmed at Buckskin Joe. \"\"Conagher\"\" was the last film in which Curtis appeared. The final movie to be filmed at Buckskin Joe was \"\"Cactus Creek\"\"; filming concluded just before the sale of the town was announced. Buckskin Joe Buckskin Joe was a Western-style theme park and railway west of Cañon City, Colorado,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15979818",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Detail\"\nThe Last Detail The Last Detail is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Hal Ashby and starring Jack Nicholson, Otis Young, Randy Quaid, Clifton James, and Carol Kane. The screenplay was written by Robert Towne, based a 1970 novel of the same name by Darryl Ponicsan. It was released on December 12, 1973. The film became known for its frequent use of profanity, and was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Actor in a Leading Role (Nicholson), Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Quaid) and Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium. Signalman First Class Billy \"\"Badass\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7919562",
"chunk_text": "\"Mystery Train (film)\"\nboyfriend (Johnny from the final story) and plans to leave the city in the morning. Luisa is kept awake by Dee Dee's constant talking. After Dee Dee finally goes to sleep, Luisa is visited by an apparition of Elvis Presley. The final story, \"\"Lost in Space\"\", introduces Johnny (Joe Strummer). Upset after losing his job and his girlfriend (Dee Dee), Johnny – called Elvis, much to his chagrin – drunkenly brandishes a gun in a bar before leaving with his friend Will Robinson (Rick Aviles) and his ex-girlfriend's brother, Charlie (Steve Buscemi), who believes Johnny to be his brother-in-law. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7527805",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy Quaid\"\nvacationed in California without incident. He and his wife plan to make Vermont their permanent home since his wife grew up there. Randy Quaid Randy Randall Rudy Quaid (born October 1, 1950) is an American film and television actor and Academy Award nominee known for his roles in both serious drama and light comedy. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award, BAFTA Award and an Academy Award for his role in \"\"The Last Detail\"\" in 1973. In 1978 he co-starred as a prisoner in \"\"Midnight Express\"\". Quaid also won a Golden Globe and was nominated for an Emmy Award",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8911633",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Stop on the Night Train\"\nLast Stop on the Night Train Last Stop on the Night Train (, released in the English-speaking countries as \"\"Night Train Murders\"\", \"\"The New House on The Left\"\", \"\"Second House on The Left\"\", \"\"Don't Ride on Late Night Trains\"\",\"\"Late Night Trains\"\", \"\"Last House Part II\"\" and \"\"Xmas Massacre\"\") is a 1975 Italian revenge horror film directed Aldo Lado and starring Flavio Bucci, Macha Meril and Irene Miracle. Based on the plots of Ingmar Bergman's \"\"The Virgin Spring\"\" (1960) and Wes Craven's \"\"The Last House on the Left\"\" (1972), the film follows two girls riding a train through Germany on Christmas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7962103",
"chunk_text": "\"Julius Tannen\"\nof 72, when he portrayed a man demonstrating the technology of talking pictures in a film-within-the-film in \"\"Singin' in the Rain\"\" in 1952. Tannen continued to appear in films until 1959, when he was seen in an uncredited role in director John Sturges' \"\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\". He continued to work until he suffered a stroke in 1964. He died the following year, at the age of 84, on 3 January 1965 at the Motion Picture Country Home in Woodland Hills, California. Lucille Ball said that seeing Tannen perform in her hometown of Jamestown, New York when she was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16472013",
"chunk_text": "\"Ewen Bremner\"\nhe produced the short film \"\"No Song to Sing\"\". He has one daughter, with actress Marcia Rose, whom he met during the filming of \"\"Skin\"\". Their daughter is named Harmony, whom they named after the American director Harmony Korine. Ewen Bremner Ewen Bremner is a Scottish actor. His roles have included Daniel \"\"Spud\"\" Murphy in \"\"Trainspotting\"\" and its 2017 sequel \"\"T2 Trainspotting\"\", SPC Shawn Nelson in \"\"Black Hawk Down\"\", expert marksman Charlie in \"\"Wonder Woman\"\" and Lt. Red Winkle in \"\"Pearl Harbor\"\". Bremner was born in Edinburgh, the son of two art teachers. He attended Davidson's Mains Primary School and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1590732",
"chunk_text": "\"The Over-the-Hill Gang Rides Again\"\nwas effectively replaced by Astaire, who was not in the original film. Richard Widmark played O'Brien's character in a quasi-remake two decades later entitled \"\"Once Upon a Texas Train\"\", in which the Over-the-Hill Gang, with an entirely new cast including Stuart Whitman, played supporting roles to Willie Nelson's train robber. This was the final film for three-time winner Academy Award-winner Walter Brennan. Old and retired Sergeant Nash Crawford (Brennan), formerly of the Texas Rangers, enters a saloon where his former partner, Gentleman George Asque (Wills), plays poker with a man and beats him ten times in a row. The man",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8783333",
"chunk_text": "\"David Hess\"\nDavid Hess David Alexander Hess (September 19, 1936 – October 7, 2011) was an American actor, singer, songwriter, and director. He came to prominence for his portrayals of murderous villains and gruff characters in several films in the 1970s and 1980s. Hess originally worked as a songwriter in the 1950s, co-writing songs recorded by Elvis Presley and Pat Boone, but garnered international attention for his feature film debut portraying Krug Stillo in Wes Craven's exploitation horror film \"\"The Last House on the Left\"\" (1972). He would go on to play several hard-edged roles as criminals in the Italian films \"\"Hitch-Hike\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9502345",
"chunk_text": "\"John McIntire\"\nJohn McIntire John Herrick McIntire (June 27, 1907 – January 30, 1991) was an American character actor who appeared in 65 theatrical films and many more television series. McIntire is best known for having replaced Ward Bond, upon Bond's sudden death in November 1960, as the star of NBC's \"\"Wagon Train\"\". He played Christopher Hale, the leader of the wagon train (and successor to Bond's character, Seth Adams) from early 1961 to the series' end in 1965. He also replaced Charles Bickford, upon Bickford's death in 1967, as ranch owner Clay Grainger (brother of Bickford's character) on NBC's \"\"The Virginian\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "16942082",
"chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Texas Train\"\nNevada, was used as the film's train. Director Burt Kennedy utilized several aging western stars from years past as the group of aged Rangers as well as the outlaw gang: former \"\"Rifleman\"\" actor Chuck Connors as Nash Crawford, past \"\"Cimarron Strip\"\" marshal Stuart Whitman as Gentleman George Asque and former \"\"Dakotas\"\" deputy Jack Elam as Jason Fitch making up the retired rangers. John Henry Lee's aged gang consisted of former \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" deputy \"\"Festus Hagen\"\" (Ken Curtis) as Kelly Sutton and western character actors Royal Dano as Nitro Jones, Gene Evans as Fargo Parker and Dub Taylor as John Henry's brother",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18077173",
"chunk_text": "\"Cameron Dye\"\nCameron Dye Cameron Dye (born April 9, 1959) is an American actor and singer. He played \"\"Fred\"\" in the movie \"\"Valley Girl\"\" (1983), and also had roles in \"\"The Last Starfighter\"\" (1984), \"\"National Lampoon's Joy of Sex\"\" (1984), \"\"Body Rock\"\" (1984), \"\"Fraternity Vacation\"\" (1985), \"\"Scenes from the Goldmine\"\" (1987), \"\"Out of the Dark\"\" (1989), \"\"Men at Work\"\" (1990), and The Tavern (1999). Dye was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Dye's family moved around the United States and in the mid-1970s he attended Sylvania High School in Sylvania, Ohio. Later, Dye moved to California and attended Mills High School in Millbrae,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3128012",
"chunk_text": "\"Gunsmoke: To the Last Man\"\nGunsmoke: To the Last Man Gunsmoke: To the Last Man is a 1992 American made-for-television western film starring James Arness as retired Marshal Matt Dillon and featuring Pat Hingle. Hapless rustlers make the fatal mistake of stealing Matt Dillon's cattle and Dillon blunders into the gory Pleasant Valley War during the process of hunting them down and killing two of them. The film, set in the 1880s, was directed by Jerry Jameson and based upon the long-running American television series \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" (1955 to 1975). The supporting cast features Matt Mulhern as Will McCall, Joseph Bottoms as villainous Tommy Graham, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15979840",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Detail\"\nfilm. In the novel, Buddusky runs a bar and is reunited with Larry Meadows after his son is killed in the Iraq War. Linklater's adaptation, which he co-wrote with Ponicsan, was released in November 2017 and stars Bryan Cranston, Laurence Fishburne, and Steve Carell. The Last Detail The Last Detail is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Hal Ashby and starring Jack Nicholson, Otis Young, Randy Quaid, Clifton James, and Carol Kane. The screenplay was written by Robert Towne, based a 1970 novel of the same name by Darryl Ponicsan. It was released on December 12, 1973. The film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11269078",
"chunk_text": "\"Death Train\"\nDeath Train Death Train (also known as Detonator) is a 1993 made-for-TV movie featuring Pierce Brosnan, Patrick Stewart, Christopher Lee, Ted Levine, and Alexandra Paul. The script was based on an Alastair MacNeill novel of the same name, which in turn was based on an Alistair MacLean screenplay. With the aid of a German nuclear physicist, dissident Russian General Konstantin Benin (Christopher Lee), a military casualty of the Soviet collapse, is conspiring to restore the Soviet Union to superpower status. His plan is to place a nuclear bomb on a train controlled by mercenaries, led by Alex Tierney (Ted Levine),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5208632",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Train (2002 film)\"\nthe Rails\"\" think that to do so would be to sell an important part of the country's history and so devise to steal the train. The group of hijackers is led by \"\"El Professor\"\" (Alterio), and the train itself is driven by Pepe, who claims to have learned how to do so during the Spanish Civil War. The group is also accompanied by Dante Minetti (Soriano), who suffers from Alzheimer's, and Guito, Pepe's neighbor/friend's nine-year-old great-nephew. The escapade takes the train all across the small country, exhibiting Uruguay's vibrant landscape and varied climate, also revealing many abandoned towns and train",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17137452",
"chunk_text": "\"Terror Train\"\nTerror Train Terror Train is a 1980 slasher film directed by Roger Spottiswoode in his directorial debut and starring Jamie Lee Curtis, Ben Johnson, and Hart Bochner. Set aboard a moving train on New Year's Eve, the film follows a group of medical school students holding a costume party who are targeted by a killer who steals their costumes after murdering them to avoid being caught. It features supporting performances from Sandee Currie, Anthony Sherwood, and David Copperfield. The concept for the film was based on an idea by executive producer Daniel Grodnik, who sought to \"\"make \"\"Halloween\"\" on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8107754",
"chunk_text": "\"Gregg Palmer\"\nGregg Palmer Gregg Palmer (born Palmer Edvind Lee; January 25, 1927 – October 31, 2015) was an American actor, known primarily for his work in television westerns. He appeared from 1960-1975 in varying roles in twenty episodes of CBS's \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" with James Arness, thirteen segments of the syndicated \"\"Death Valley Days\"\", and nine episodes of NBC's \"\"The Virginian\"\" starring James Drury in the title role. He guest starred five times on \"\"Bonanza\"\", NBC's longest-running western. Palmer Edvind Lee was born to Norwegian immigrant parents in San Francisco, California. He entered the United States Army Air Corps, forerunner of the Air",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18391083",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Le Marquand\"\nHill 60\"\" (which earned him a Film Critics Circle of Australia Best Supporting Actor nomination 2009); a snarly stockbroker in 2008's surprise hit, \"\"Men's Group\"\"; a tall thug in Jeremy Sims’ \"\"Last Train to Freo\"\" (for which he was nominated for Best Lead Actor at both the Australian Film Institute and Film Critic’s Circle Awards); a WWII digger in \"\"Kokoda\"\"; a larrikin Aussie climber in Martin Campbell’s \"\"Vertical Limit\"\"; a clumsy, shotty-loving bank robber in Gregor Jordan’s \"\"Two Hands\"\"; a moustachioed cop in David Caesar’s \"\"Mullet\"\"; a weird-arsed beachcomber in \"\"Lost Things\"\" and an all-singing-all-dancing sailor in Disney’s remake of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17882357",
"chunk_text": "\"John McIntire\"\nhaving died in 1986 from heart problems. John McIntire John Herrick McIntire (June 27, 1907 – January 30, 1991) was an American character actor who appeared in 65 theatrical films and many more television series. McIntire is best known for having replaced Ward Bond, upon Bond's sudden death in November 1960, as the star of NBC's \"\"Wagon Train\"\". He played Christopher Hale, the leader of the wagon train (and successor to Bond's character, Seth Adams) from early 1961 to the series' end in 1965. He also replaced Charles Bickford, upon Bickford's death in 1967, as ranch owner Clay Grainger (brother",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15672932",
"chunk_text": "\"Jay Lawrence (actor)\"\nactor, Jay Lawrence performed in movies such as \"\"The Big Chase\"\" (1954), in which he portrayed Jim Bellows, \"\"Train Ride to Hollywood\"\" (1975), and \"\"The Halliday Brand\"\" (1957), and a prominent supporting role as Sgt. Bagradian in the critically acclaimed Billy Wilder directed war/German POW prison camp drama \"\"Stalag 17\"\" (1953) alongside actor William Holden, who won an Oscar for his role in 1954 for Best Actor in a drama film. Lawrence died on June 18, 1987 in Los Angeles. He is interred at the Italian Cemetery in Colma, California, (San Mateo County). Jay Lawrence (actor) Jay Lawrence (born Jay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17123795",
"chunk_text": "\"Clifton Collins Jr.\"\nClifton Collins Jr. Clifton Craig Collins Jr. (born June 16, 1970) is an American actor. Starting in 1990, with small roles in film and on television, Collins gained attention in the role Cpl. Ramon Aguilar, a prisoner “serving” under an imprisoned general played by Robert Redford in the 2001 film \"\"The Last Castle\"\". His extensive work includes featured roles in films such as \"\"Traffic\"\" (2000), \"\"Capote\"\" (2005), \"\"Star Trek\"\" (2009) and \"\"Pacific Rim\"\" (2013). Collins extensive work on television series includes \"\"Crisis Center\"\" (1997), \"\"Thief\"\" (2006), which earned him a Primetime Emmy Award nomination, \"\"The Event\"\" (2010–2011), and \"\"Westworld\"\" (2016–).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2333284",
"chunk_text": "\"Ernest Medina\"\nwork at an Enstrom Helicopter Corporation plant owned by F. Lee Bailey in Menominee, Michigan. Medina moved with his family to Marinette, Wisconsin. He worked in his family's real estate business: Medina, Inc. Realtor in Marinette, Wisconsin. He died on May 8, 2018 at the age of 81. Medina is mentioned by name in the first stanza of Pete Seeger's Vietnam protest song \"\"Last Train to Nuremberg\"\" (1970). Do I see Lieutenant Calley? Do I see Captain Medina? Do I see Gen'ral Koster and all his crew? Ernest Medina Ernest Lou Medina (August 27, 1936 – May 8, 2018) was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2528886",
"chunk_text": "\"Lance Guest\"\nthe musical \"\"Million Dollar Quartet\"\", a fictionalized depiction of the only time Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Cash and Elvis Presley ever recorded music as a group. Lance Guest Lance R. Guest (born July 21, 1960) is an American film and television actor, best known for his starring role in 1984's \"\"The Last Starfighter\"\". Guest developed a serious interest in acting in the ninth grade while attending Saratoga High School, and he majored in theater while attending UCLA. He has starred in many theatrical films, including his role as Jimmy alongside actress Jamie Lee Curtis in \"\"Halloween II\"\", and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "287541",
"chunk_text": "\"Ty Hardin\"\n(1958) and \"\"Last Train from Gun Hill\"\" (1959). Hardin tried to obtain a support role in the 1959 film \"\"Rio Bravo\"\" that had been promised to singer Ricky Nelson. John Wayne reportedly saw Hardin while visiting a film set at Paramount and was impressed with Hardin's appearance. Wayne introduced him to Howard Hawks and William T. Orr at Warner Bros. Television; they bargained for his seven-year contract and he moved to Warner Bros., who changed his stage surname to \"\"Hardin\"\", reminiscent of the Texas gunfighter John Wesley Hardin. He attended actors' school at Warner Bros. and landed small parts in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12111974",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden spike\"\nand built working replicas of the locomotives present at the original ceremony for the Park Service. These engines are drawn up face-to-face each Saturday during the summer for a re-enactment of the event. For the May 10, 1969, centennial of the driving of the last spike, the High Iron Company ran a steam-powered excursion train round trip from New York City to Promontory. The Golden Spike Centennial Limited transported over 100 passengers including, for the last leg into Salt Lake City, actor John Wayne. The Union Pacific Railroad also sent a special display train and the US Army Transportation Corp",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13552469",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeremy Childs\"\nJeremy Childs Jeremy Childs is an American actor and writer from Nashville, Tennessee. Childs gained wide recognition as prisoner Cutbush, in the 2001 movie \"\"The Last Castle\"\" alongside Robert Redford and James Gandolfini. He featured prominently in the 2012 mystery drama film \"\"Deadline\"\". Childs produced and starred in the horror film \"\"Closer To God\"\" http://www.closertogodmovie.com where he played a genetic scientist and garnered much critical praise. Childs was featured prominently in the film Country Strong with Tim McGraw and Gwyneth Paltrow. He is brother to actor Josh Childs, with whom he appeared in the films \"\"Prism\"\", and \"\"Netherbeast Incorporated\"\". Childs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16472010",
"chunk_text": "\"Ewen Bremner\"\nEwen Bremner Ewen Bremner is a Scottish actor. His roles have included Daniel \"\"Spud\"\" Murphy in \"\"Trainspotting\"\" and its 2017 sequel \"\"T2 Trainspotting\"\", SPC Shawn Nelson in \"\"Black Hawk Down\"\", expert marksman Charlie in \"\"Wonder Woman\"\" and Lt. Red Winkle in \"\"Pearl Harbor\"\". Bremner was born in Edinburgh, the son of two art teachers. He attended Davidson's Mains Primary School and Portobello High School. He originally wanted to be a circus clown, but was offered a chance in show business by television director Richard D. Brooks. One of his first notable roles was as a Glasgow schoolboy in Charles Gormley's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12072235",
"chunk_text": "\"Ningali Lawford\"\nNingali Lawford Ningali Josie Lawford (born 1967) is an Australian actress. She is known for her roles in the films \"\"Rabbit-Proof Fence\"\" (2002), \"\"Bran Nue Dae\"\" (2009), and \"\"Last Cab to Darwin\"\" (2015), for which she was nominated for the AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. Lawford was born on Christmas Creek Station, a cattle station at Wangkatjungka, near Fitzroy Crossing in Western Australia, where her father, a stockman, and mother, a domestic, worked. After attending Kewdale Senior High School in Perth, she spent a year in Anchorage, Alaska, on an American Field Scholarship. Lawford trained in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1777576",
"chunk_text": "\"Ningali Lawford\"\nNingali Lawford Ningali Josie Lawford (born 1967) is an Australian actress. She is known for her roles in the films \"\"Rabbit-Proof Fence\"\" (2002), \"\"Bran Nue Dae\"\" (2009), and \"\"Last Cab to Darwin\"\" (2015), for which she was nominated for the AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. Lawford was born on Christmas Creek Station, a cattle station at Wangkatjungka, near Fitzroy Crossing in Western Australia, where her father, a stockman, and mother, a domestic, worked. After attending Kewdale Senior High School in Perth, she spent a year in Anchorage, Alaska, on an American Field Scholarship. Lawford trained in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11637402",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Detail\"\nBuddusky (Jack Nicholson) and Gunner's Mate First Class Richard \"\"Mule\"\" Mulhall (Otis Young) are awaiting orders in Norfolk, Virginia when they are assigned a shore patrol detail escorting a young sailor, Seaman Larry Meadows (Randy Quaid), to Portsmouth Naval Prison near Kittery, Maine. Meadows has drawn a stiff eight-year sentence for the petty crime of trying to steal $40 from a collection box of his Commanding Officer's wife's favorite charity. Despite their initial resentment of the detail, the two Navy \"\"lifers\"\" begin to like Meadows as they escort him on a train ride through the wintry northeastern states; particularly as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11599268",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Movie\"\nThe Last Movie The Last Movie is a 1971 drama film from Universal Pictures. It was written by Stewart Stern and directed by Dennis Hopper, who also played a horse wrangler named after the state of Kansas. It also starred Peter Fonda, Henry Jaglom and Michelle Phillips. Production of the movie, which cost $1 million, took place in the film's major setting, Peru. Kansas (Hopper) is a stunt coordinator in charge of horses on a western being shot in a small Peruvian village. Following a tragic incident on the set where an actor is killed in a stunt, he decides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10547372",
"chunk_text": "\"Adam Baldwin\"\nAdam Baldwin Adam Baldwin (born February 27, 1962) is an American actor. He starred in \"\"Full Metal Jacket\"\" (1987) as Animal Mother, as well as in the television series \"\"Firefly\"\" and its continuation film \"\"Serenity\"\" as Jayne Cobb. His roles include Stillman in \"\"Ordinary People\"\" (1980), Colonel John Casey in \"\"Chuck\"\", and Mike Slattery in \"\"The Last Ship\"\". Appearing in a large number of films since 1980, Baldwin rose to prominence as the troubled outcast Ricky Linderman in \"\"My Bodyguard\"\" (1980) and moved on to bigger roles in \"\"D.C. Cab\"\" (1983), \"\"Full Metal Jacket\"\" (1987), \"\"Predator 2\"\" (1990), Deadbolt (1992),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16671072",
"chunk_text": "\"Julien Mitchell\"\nJulien Mitchell Julien Mitchell (13 November 1888 – 4 November 1954) was an English actor, in films from the mid-1930s. Mitchell supported comedians George Formby and Will Hay, and appeared in some Hollywood films in the early war years, but is perhaps best remembered for his role as a mad train driver in the quota quickie \"\"The Last Journey\"\", made in 1936. Mitchell was born in Glossop, Derbyshire. His parents were Julien Mitchell, a dentist, born in Haworth, West Riding of Yorkshire , and Ellen Kitchen, born in Bolton (in the Moor), Lancashire. His siblings born in Bolton were Martha",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14486573",
"chunk_text": "\"Last Stop on the Night Train\"\nDVD by Shameless Screen Entertainment. Last Stop on the Night Train Last Stop on the Night Train (, released in the English-speaking countries as \"\"Night Train Murders\"\", \"\"The New House on The Left\"\", \"\"Second House on The Left\"\", \"\"Don't Ride on Late Night Trains\"\",\"\"Late Night Trains\"\", \"\"Last House Part II\"\" and \"\"Xmas Massacre\"\") is a 1975 Italian revenge horror film directed Aldo Lado and starring Flavio Bucci, Macha Meril and Irene Miracle. Based on the plots of Ingmar Bergman's \"\"The Virgin Spring\"\" (1960) and Wes Craven's \"\"The Last House on the Left\"\" (1972), the film follows two girls riding a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "406177",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Sadler\"\nFischer and Judy Greer. Filming began on July 11, 2017 and the film was released on February 9, 2018. When asked about casting the trio as themselves in the film, Eastwood stated that he was considering casting actors \"\"But I kept looking at the faces of these young men...it just struck me that it would be an interesting experiment.\"\" Anthony Sadler Anthony Sadler Jr. (born July 13, 1992) is an American actor, television personality and writer. Sadler, along with Alek Skarlatos and Spencer Stone, stopped a gunman on a Paris-bound train travelling from Amsterdam via Brussels in August 2015, gaining",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6681323",
"chunk_text": "\"Sierra No. 3\"\nMay 30. Over the next half-century, Sierra No. 3 pulled tourist excursion trains and appeared in dozens of films, TV shows, and commercials. Among them were \"\"High Noon\"\" in 1952, for which Gary Cooper won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and \"\"Unforgiven\"\", starring and directed by Clint Eastwood, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture for 1992. The locomotive was often redecorated for various movie and television appearances, one of its most famous roles being the \"\"Hooterville Cannonball\"\" from the mid-sixties series \"\"Petticoat Junction\"\". False smokestacks were also often installed to alter the appearance of the locomotive. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16671073",
"chunk_text": "\"Julien Mitchell\"\nElizabeth, Josephine Mariner, Ada and Gertrude. Born in Glossop were Mary Hannah and Hilda. Mitchell died in London, aged 65. Julien Mitchell Julien Mitchell (13 November 1888 – 4 November 1954) was an English actor, in films from the mid-1930s. Mitchell supported comedians George Formby and Will Hay, and appeared in some Hollywood films in the early war years, but is perhaps best remembered for his role as a mad train driver in the quota quickie \"\"The Last Journey\"\", made in 1936. Mitchell was born in Glossop, Derbyshire. His parents were Julien Mitchell, a dentist, born in Haworth, West Riding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20943644",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Train (TV series)\"\nthe series has not been released on DVD or any other format, and has never aired in the US. A random group of individuals on a train to Sheffield are cryogenically frozen when a canister of gas is released in their carriage. They unfreeze to find the world in ruins. Decades have passed; they are some of the few humans to have survived an apocalyptic asteroid strike and are alone in the British countryside. It is revealed that one of the group, Harriet Ambrose (Nicola Walker), knew of the incoming asteroid strike and had been on her way to a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15979827",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Detail\"\nto get approved. Nicholson was set to play Buddusky; additional casting focused mainly on the roles of Mule and Meadows. Bud Cort met with Ashby and begged to play Meadows, but the director felt that he was not right for the role. Casting director Lynn Stalmaster gave Ashby a final selection of actors, and the two that stood out were Randy Quaid and John Travolta. As originally written, the character of Meadows was a \"\"helpless little guy\"\", but Ashby wanted to cast Quaid, who was 6'4\"\". He had offbeat and vulnerable qualities that Ashby wanted. Towne remembers thinking, \"\"There's a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "371217",
"chunk_text": "\"Beneath Hill 60\"\nrecruited David Roach to write the film. Extensive research went into developing the characters and their environment, with Canberra's Australian War Memorial Archives providing research material. The majority of the war scenes were written to take place inside the tunnels so a tense environment could be achieved while facilitating the film's tight budget. While searching for a director, Leimbach viewed Jeremy Sims's 2006 film \"\"Last Train to Freo\"\". Impressed with the intensity of the film's claustrophobic action, Leimbach approached Sims, who agreed to direct \"\"Beneath Hill 60\"\" after reading an early treatment. Actor Hugo Weaving showed interest in participating in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8292951",
"chunk_text": "\"The Last Flight (1931 film)\"\nThe Last Flight (1931 film) The Last Flight (aka Single Lady and Spent Bullets) is a 1931 American Pre-Code ensemble cast film, starring Richard Barthelmess, David Manners, John Mack Brown and Helen Chandler. Modern sources consider \"\"The Last Flight\"\" one of the few cinematic treatments of \"\"The Lost Generation.\"\" The scarred young World War I veterans have opted out of society to drink indefinitely and almost continuously in Paris with the vivacious and beautiful woman they have befriended. After World War I, pilots Cary Lockwood (Richard Barthelmess), Shep Lambert (David Manners), Bill Talbot (John Mack Brown)and Francis (Elliott Nugent), who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6816477",
"chunk_text": "\"Burt Reynolds\"\nBurt Reynolds Burton Leon Reynolds Jr. (February 11, 1936 – September 6, 2018) was an American actor, director and producer. He first rose to prominence starring in television series such as \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" (1962–1965), \"\"Hawk\"\" (1966), and \"\"Dan August\"\" (1970–1971). His breakout film role was as Lewis Medlock in \"\"Deliverance\"\" (1972). Reynolds played the leading role in a number of subsequent box office hits, such as \"\"The Longest Yard\"\" (1974), \"\"Smokey and the Bandit\"\" (1977), \"\"Semi-Tough\"\" (1977), \"\"Hooper\"\" (1978), \"\"Smokey and the Bandit II\"\" (1980), \"\"The Cannonball Run\"\" (1981) and \"\"The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas\"\" (1982). After a number of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6537005",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddy Waller\"\ndriver, in nineteen episodes of the NBC western series, \"\"Laramie\"\", with John Smith and Robert Fuller. Waller had a supporting role in the 1957-1958 syndicated series, \"\"Casey Jones\"\" starring Alan Hale, Jr.. Waller played \"\"Red Rock\"\", the train conductor of Casey's \"\"Cannonball Express\"\". He also played John Finney in the 1960-1961 miniseries \"\"Daniel Boone\"\", which ran as part of \"\"Walt Disney Presents\"\". Waller died of a stroke in Los Angeles, California, at the age of eighty-eight. Eddy Waller Edward C. Waller (June 14, 1889 – August 20, 1977) was an American film and television actor. Waller was originally from Chippewa",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14225118",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Quill\"\nTim Quill Tim Quill (October 18, 1962 - September 25, 2017) was an American actor. He played Pvt. Joe Beletsky in \"\"Hamburger Hill\"\". Born and raised in Wilmington, Delaware, Quill relocated to New York City in the 1980s to pursue acting, and was trained at the William Esper Acting Studio. Quill made his debut in the Vietnam War set \"\"Hamburger Hill\"\", following it up with roles in the films \"\"Hiding Out\"\", \"\"Next of Kin\"\" and \"\"Argo\"\", which went on to win the Academy Award for Best Picture. Quill made numerous appearances in television series, including a recurring role as Lt.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_641
|
who is the queen of hearts in alice in wonderland?
|
n/a
|
[
"the primary antagonist"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15963538",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nis customary, the Queen is depicted as narcissistic, declaring herself as \"\"the most powerful woman in the history of literature\"\" and obese. Her calm, cold demeanour suggests that she too is a mixture of the Queen of Hearts and the Red Queen. Her name is given as \"\"Mary Elizabeth Heart\"\", and it is suggested that the Hearts are the \"\"Red\"\" royal family who seized control of Wonderland from the \"\"White\"\" royal family. Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The Queen of Hearts is a fictional character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by the writer Lewis Carroll. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756643",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nHearts in this story is Genevieve Heart, Alyss's mother as an apparent re-imagining of the White Queen. Alyss is, therefore, the Princess of Hearts. In the manga \"\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\", the Queen of Hearts is known as Vivaldi. She isn't as much a main character, though, and she has very few parts in the current books. Vivaldi rules Heart Castle and is feuding with the other territories over Wonderland. She is beautiful with black hair, unlike other adaptations. She speaks in the majestic plural, I.E, \"\"We are happy you are here to see us.\"\" As discovered through",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11558008",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nQueen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The Queen of Hearts is a fictional character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by the writer Lewis Carroll. She is a foul-tempered monarch whom Carroll himself describes as \"\"a blind fury\"\", and who is quick to give death sentences at the slightest offense. One of her most famous lines is the oft-repeated \"\"Off with his/her head!\"\" / \"\"Off with their heads!\"\" The Queen is referred to as a card from a pack of playing cards by Alice, yet somehow she is able to talk and is the ruler of the lands",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756630",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nQueen of Hearts was an image of Elizabeth de Mowbray, Duchess of Norfolk in one of the medieval stained glass windows at Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford, Suffolk. The illustrations for the \"\"Alice\"\" books were engraved onto blocks of wood, to be printed in the wood engraving process. The original wood blocks are now in the collection of the Bodleian Library in Oxford, England. They are not usually on public display, but were exhibited in 2003. She is commonly mistaken for the Red Queen in the story's sequel, \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\", but in reality shares none of her characteristics other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756632",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nany direction she desires. In the \"\"American McGee's Alice\"\" adaptation of the books, the characters are also conflated, leading to further popular misconception. In the Disney animated feature \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\", the Queen of Hearts appears, as Alice puts it in a moment of temper, as \"\"a fat, pompous, bad tempered old tyrant\"\". The character was voiced by Verna Felton. She is portrayed as a haughty sadist, who enjoys decapitating anyone who merely annoys her. Her presence is all the more striking because of how tiny her husband the King is (he barely comes up to her knee). Similar to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5775040",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\ngoing through violent times—everyone is reckless and uncaring as to who lives or dies, and with a civil war going on everyone in the strange world finds it hard to trust each other with an instinct to kill. Wonderland is split into various countries, with most of the action taking place in the 'Country of Hearts'. It is divided into three main territories: The Castle of Hearts, ruled by Vivaldi (the Queen of Hearts), with assistance from Peter White who serves as Prime Minister, and Ace (the Knight of Hearts), the most skilled swordsman in the Wonderland, who has a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12467747",
"chunk_text": "\"King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nKing of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The King of Hearts is a character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by Lewis Carroll. He is the king consort of the Queen of Hearts. When compared to the Queen of Hearts, the King of Hearts appears to be the moderate part of the Wonderland government. As an example, when the Queen, who enjoys ordering be-headings, attempts to have Alice executed (charged with being unable to answer who is lying down in front of her) the King of Hearts reminds her that she is only a child. The King also quietly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12739295",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nin the story, alongside her tiny husband, the King of Hearts. She is often confused with the Red Queen from the sequel, \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\", although the two are very different. Alice observes three playing cards painting white roses red. They drop to the ground face down at the approach of the Queen of Hearts, whom Alice has never met. When the Queen arrives and asks Alice who is lying on the ground (since the backs of all playing cards look alike), Alice tells her that she does not know. The Queen then becomes frustrated and commands that her head",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756642",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nshe felt guilty of the death of her family, its possible her subconscious projected her dead sister in the queen she herself killed in the previous game. In \"\"The Looking Glass Wars\"\" by Frank Beddor, the ruling dynasty of the Wonderland is the Heart family. The title of Queen of Hearts is a hereditary title for the Queen of Wonderland. The Queen of Hearts from \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\" is reimagined as Queen Redd, the enemy and aunt of the heroine, Alyss. She kills Alyss's parents and usurps the throne of Wonderland. It should be noted that the true Queen of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20999587",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Once Upon a Time)\"\nhim to another part of the Enchanted Forest to erect a magical barrier that will protect them from the curse. Cora explains that the curse is destined to be broken after 28 years, during which they will be frozen. Once the curse is broken, Cora will reconcile with her daughter, who will be distraught over her defeat, and \"\"help her pick up the pieces.\"\" Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison), Mary Margaret (Ginnifer Goodwin), Aurora (Sarah Bolger), and Mulan (Jamie Chung) reach Rumplestiltskin's cell, and Emma learns for the first time that he knew beforehand that she would be the savior. They",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8203910",
"chunk_text": "\"Portrayals of Alice in Wonderland\"\nand told him her story. He turned it into a nonsensical fairytale in which he even misspelled her name. Alice appears as a college-attending teenager alongside Wendy Darling, Dorothy Gale, and Susan Pevensie in Chicago of 2005 and 2006, in the comic book series \"\"The Oz/Wonderland Chronicles.\"\" In the 2009 miniseries \"\"Alice\"\", Alice (Caterina Scorsone) is a 20-year-old judo instructor. A man named Jack Chase gives her the Stone of Wonderland before being kidnapped by the White Rabbit. Alice follows Jack to Wonderland, set 150 years after the original adventure, where the Red Queen rules the land. In the 2011",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8099523",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice (miniseries)\"\nMary Heart, the Queen of Hearts rules over Wonderland from the Happy Hearts Casino, where people from Alice's world (\"\"Oysters\"\") are taken to, sedated and play games in the casino, their positive emotions drained from them and turned into drug-like substances for the people of Wonderland to digest, keeping them under the Queen's control. Alice escapes her own capture, with the ring still in her possession. Identified as an \"\"Oyster\"\" by the tattoo she gains, Alice is taken to Hatter, a member of the resistance seeking to free the Oysters from the Queen's control. Hatter takes Alice to ask Dodo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11558019",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nthe reason for Wonderland's decay. When Alice fights her, she discovers that the Queen is her dark side – an embodiment of her insanity; the Queen must be destroyed for Alice to become sane once more. The Queen's appearance is different in \"\"American McGee's Alice\"\" from how she is in the book: she appears first as a faceless entity having tentacles for arms, legs, and hair. It is later revealed that this is a mere puppet and that the true Queen of Hearts is a horrible monster in the image of a real anatomical heart. She is called both the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9693891",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in Wonderland (1999 film)\"\nalso try stuffing the unfortunate Dormouse into a teapot. She comes across the small door and using her intelligence, succeeds in getting through it into the garden which is actually the labyrinth maze belonging to the Queen. The Queen of Hearts (Miranda Richardson) invites her to a bizarre game of croquet, but her love for decapitating people annoys Alice. The Cheshire Cat's head appears in the sky and is ordered to be executed, but reasoning from Alice stops the Queen. The Duchess arrives to answer the King's question of who the Cat's owner is, but the Cat has vanished. Alice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756644",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nHeart no Kuni no Alice the game by Quinrose (the predecessor to the manga) Blood Dupree (The Hatter) is Vivaldi's little brother though it is alluded to be a romantic interest for Vivaldi until Alice discovers the secret. In the two-part series \"\"Alice\"\", hosted by the SyFy Channel, the Queen of Hearts is portrayed by Kathy Bates as a refined but ruthless drug lord. The miniseries is set one hundred and fifty years after the original Alice's first visit to Wonderland (the heroine is an unrelated character) and the Queen is (as usual) the primary villain of the series. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
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"chunk_id": "413580",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (ballet)\"\nand had inserted an additional \"\"pas de deux\"\" for Alice and the knave. Oxford Characters <br> Alice: the original protagonist in Lewis Carroll's novel, in which she is a child; in the ballet she is a teenager beginning her first romance.<br> Henry Liddell and his wife: Alice's parents; her father is the vice-chancellor of Oxford.<br> Lewis Carroll: the author of \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\"<br> Lorina and Edith: Alice's two sisters.<br> Jack: the gardener's boy who is sent away after being accused of stealing a jam tart. Wonderland Characters <br> The Queen of Hearts: a homicidal monarch wearing blood red and",
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"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8019013",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)\"\nRed Queen (Through the Looking-Glass) The Red Queen is a fictional character in Lewis Carroll's fantasy novel \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\". She is often confused with the Queen of Hearts from the previous book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\", although the two are very different. With a motif of \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\" being a representation of the game of chess, the Red Queen could be viewed as an antagonist in the story as she is the queen for the side opposing Alice. Despite this, their initial encounter is a cordial one, with the Red Queen explaining the rules of chess concerning promotion",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8756635",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nprocured earlier, which make her grow bigger. Although Rule No. 42 says that anyone more than a mile high must leave the court immediately, Alice feels free to call the queen a \"\"fat, pompous, bad tempered old tyrant\"\". Unfortunately, she subsequently shrinks down to her normal size, but flees and is able to escape. Of interest is the fact that Disney's Queen of Hearts seems to be an amalgamation of the Queen from the book, the Duchess, and the Red Queen of \"\"Through The Looking-Glass\"\". When pleased, she can be quite pleasant, but is still bossy and often impatient, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "8756641",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nup the crime, and that he is attempting to erase Alice's memories and subject her to prostitution after it. In this sequel, the Red Queen has changed considerably, taking the appearance of a younger Alice, only in a royal dress befitting the Queen of Hearts, with large fleshy claws rather than hands, and her lower body composed of fleshy tentacles that spread throughout the entire castle, which is actually the Queen's body itself. Some argue she is actually based not on Alice herself, but her sister, as she also referred to her as \"\"Lizzy\"\" in a following dialogue, and considering",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "15963527",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nto encounter on the journey, but unlike other obstacles, she makes a higher potential threat. The Queen is believed by some to be a caricature of Queen Victoria, with elements of reality that Dodgson felt correctly would make her at once instantly recognizable to parents reading the story to children, and also fantastical enough to make her unrecognizable to children. The reference is explicit in Jonathan Miller's 1966 television version where she and the King of Hearts are portrayed without any attempt at fantasy, or disguise as to their true natures or personality. The Queen may also be a reference",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
{
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"chunk_id": "9072760",
"chunk_text": "\"Portrayals of Alice in Wonderland\"\nMay Clark as Alice and Hepworth's wife as the Queen of Hearts. The British Film Institute has restored fourteen of the original sixteen scenes. Two more silent film adaptations of \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" were produced: one in 1910 starring Gladys Hulette, and another in 1915 with Viola Savory as Alice. Ruth Gilbert starred as Alice in the first \"\"Alice\"\" film with sound (1931), followed by Charlotte Henry (1933), Carol Marsh (1948), Anne-Marie Malik (1966) and Fiona Fullerton (1972). Alice In Wonderland was also later Produced by Joe Roth who wanted to recreate a modern Alice In Wonderland. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17909220",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)\"\nRed Queen reigned sovereign in Wonderland. In the near distant future, after a nuclear apocalypse has devastated the earth, the character, Octavia becomes the leader of the last survivors of the human race, a group known as \"\"Wonkru\"\". She leads with an iron fist and is known as \"\"Blodreina\"\", which means \"\"Red Queen\"\". Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass) The Red Queen is a fictional character in Lewis Carroll's fantasy novel \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\". She is often confused with the Queen of Hearts from the previous book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\", although the two are very different. With a motif of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11558017",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nis innocent. The Queen challenges them to provide proof of their theory, and with help from the Cheshire Cat, the three are able to do so. The Queen, however, enraged at being proven wrong, orders them executed and Alice imprisoned in a cage on the roof. The three are able to fight off the Queen's guards and destroy the cage controls, but Alice is kidnapped, before they can save her. The Queen orders a search for Alice, and temporarily pardons Sora, Donald and Goofy, requesting that they look for Alice as well. She returns in \"\"\"\", only this time as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8203909",
"chunk_text": "\"Portrayals of Alice in Wonderland\"\nher last name as \"\"Liddell,\"\" which is the last name of the little girl rumored to have inspired Alice. American McGee's Alice has Susie Brann voicing the titular character. In the 2003 video game \"\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\". which got a manga adaptation. In Frank Beddor's 2004 novel, \"\"The Looking Glass Wars\"\", an adaptation of the \"\"Alice\"\" books, Alice is re-imagined as Alyss Heart, the rightful heir to the throne of Wonderland and a warrior princess with magical powers of her own. The preface of the story is that Alyss fled to Earth where she met Lewis Carroll",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15963528",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nto Queen Margaret of the House of Lancaster. During the War of the Roses, a red rose was the symbol of the House Lancaster. Their rivals, the House of York, had a white rose for their symbol. The gardeners' painting the white roses red may be a reference to these two houses. After unsuccessfully attempting to illustrate \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" himself, Lewis Carroll was persuaded to engage a professional artist to provide the illustrations. He turned to cartoonist John Tenniel, who was known for his regular contributions to the satirical magazine \"\"Punch\"\" (published 1841–1992, 1996–2002). Tenniel's inspiration for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14155677",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)\"\nAlice in Wonderland (1951 film) Alice in Wonderland is a 1951 American animated musical fantasy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the \"\"Alice\"\" books by Lewis Carroll. the 13th release of Disney's animated features, the film premiered in London on July 26, 1951 and in New York City on July 28, 1951. The film features the voices of Kathryn Beaumont as Alice, Sterling Holloway as the Cheshire Cat, Verna Felton as the Queen of Hearts, and Ed Wynn as the Mad Hatter. Walt Disney first attempted unsuccessfully to adapt \"\"Alice\"\" into an animated feature film during the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5775041",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\nterrible sense of direction; Hatter Mansion, home of Wonderland's Mafia, The Hatters, led by Blood Dupre (The Hatter), with help from his second-in-command Elliot March (the March Hare) and the gatekeepers, Tweedledee and Tweedledum (Tweedle Dee and Tweedle Dum); and the Amusement Park, run by the marquis Mary Gowland (the Duke) with help from a punkish cat, Boris Airay (the Cheshire Cat). All three territories are at war with each other, with the only neutral area being the Clock Tower Plaza in the centre of the Country of Hearts. Alice moves into the Tower and ends up living and helping",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9072772",
"chunk_text": "\"Portrayals of Alice in Wonderland\"\nCyrus is not dead but may be in danger. Hearing this, Alice agrees to go back to Wonderland and help find her true love. It is later revealed that Cyrus is being held prisoner by Jafar (played by Naveen Andrews) who wants to use Cyrus’ magic to take over Wonderland and who is also working with the evil Red Queen (played by Emma Rigby). Throughout the series, Alice and the Knave of Hearts work together to try and rescue Cyrus and stop the Red Queen and Jafar from wrecking more havoc in Wonderland. Alice is a recurring character in Season",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4393166",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)\"\nthe cause of all the mischief\"\", and shakes her until the queen morphs into Alice's pet kitten. In doing this, Alice presents an end game, awakening from the dream world of the looking glass, by both realizing her hallucination and symbolically \"\"taking\"\" the Red Queen in order to checkmate the Red King. The Red Queen is commonly mistaken for the Queen of Hearts in the story's predecessor, \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\". The two share the characteristics of being strict queens associated with the color red. However, their personalities are very different. Indeed, Carroll, in his lifetime, made the distinction between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5545787",
"chunk_text": "\"Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nKnave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The Knave of Hearts is a character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by Lewis Carroll. The Knave of Hearts is mentioned first in chapter 8, and later in chapters 11 and 12, which deal with his trial for a tart burglary in which the King of Hearts presides as judge. Alice eventually defends the Knave after the evidence becomes increasingly absurd and she is called as a witness. The White Rabbit announces the charges as: \"\"The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,\"\" \"\"The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13351928",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)\"\nAlice, the Mad Hatter, the Cheshire Cat and the Queen of Hearts appear as unlockable characters in . Alice in Wonderland (1951 film) Alice in Wonderland is a 1951 American animated musical fantasy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the \"\"Alice\"\" books by Lewis Carroll. the 13th release of Disney's animated features, the film premiered in London on July 26, 1951 and in New York City on July 28, 1951. The film features the voices of Kathryn Beaumont as Alice, Sterling Holloway as the Cheshire Cat, Verna Felton as the Queen of Hearts, and Ed Wynn as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6858260",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in Wonderland (1949 film)\"\nis reminiscent of the Kansas scenes vs. the Oz scenes in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", in that several of the live-action characters seem to have counterparts (of sorts) in Wonderland. Among the other live actors are Pamela Brown as the Queen and as the voice of the Queen of Hearts. Stephen Murray is seen as Lewis Carroll and provides the voice of the Knave of Hearts, and Felix Aylmer, who played Polonius in Olivier's \"\"Hamlet\"\", plays Dr. Liddell, father of Alice Liddell, the real-life inspiration for Alice; he also provides the voice of the Cheshire Cat. Carol Marsh was 20",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11558020",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nQueen of Hearts and the Red Queen interchangeably throughout the game. No mention is made of the Red Queen from \"\"Through the Looking Glass.\"\" However, the White Queen is seen for only a moment, as her head is chopped off by the enemy in The Pale Realm. It's implied that after Alice was placed in the asylum the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts fused together which explains why the Queen of Hearts is able to control the red piece and the cards at the same time. In the sequel, \"\"\"\", the Queen of Hearts is sought by Alice",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "8756631",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nthan being a queen. Indeed, Carroll, in his lifetime, made the distinction of the two Queens by saying: The 1951 animated film \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\" perpetuates the long-standing confusion between the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts. In the film, the Queen of Hearts delivers several of the Red Queen's statements, the most notable being based on her \"\"all the ways about here belong to me\"\". Both characters say this to suggest importance and possible arrogance, but in the Red Queen's case it has a double meaning since her status as a Chess-queen means that she can move in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756633",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nthe book, Alice meets three cards painting the roses red, since they planted white roses by mistake. When the Queen arrives, she orders those three cards beheaded, then turns her attention to Alice. Refusing to answer her questions with presumption that only she can ask them, she quickly ropes her into a game of croquet. The game ends with the Queen tripping herself over, due to the Cheshire Cat's mischievous antics. The Queen angrily blames Alice for it, but before she can give the order, the King suggests holding a trial for Alice. The Queen, grudgingly, but reasonably, agrees. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17909218",
"chunk_text": "\"Red Queen (Through the Looking-Glass)\"\non Tarrant. The Red Queen appears in \"\"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\"\" (a spin-off to \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\") portrayed by Emma Rigby. She is a character distinct from the Queen of Hearts (Barbara Hershey), who was her tutor in magic. Like the Queen of Hearts and the Mad Hatter, the Red Queen is an émigré to Wonderland from the Enchanted Forest, having originally been a young woman named Anastasia, with whom Will Scarlet (the Knave of Hearts) was in love. The Red Queen featured as one of the show's main antagonists, alongside Jafar. Two characters from the manga/anime",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756636",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\ncan almost at once change to enraged. As she is considered to be one of the members of the Disney Villains group of characters, the Queen of Hearts exacted her revenge upon Alice in the game \"\"Disney's Villains' Revenge\"\" where she stole the ending page of the story and changed the ending, so Alice lost her head. Jiminy Cricket, the player, and Alice's headless body retrieve the head and escape the labyrinth of the Queen. They meet one last time in the final battle and she surrenders. The Queen of Hearts is the final boss on the Japanese version of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5545793",
"chunk_text": "\"Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nhis wish to die. Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The Knave of Hearts is a character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by Lewis Carroll. The Knave of Hearts is mentioned first in chapter 8, and later in chapters 11 and 12, which deal with his trial for a tart burglary in which the King of Hearts presides as judge. Alice eventually defends the Knave after the evidence becomes increasingly absurd and she is called as a witness. The White Rabbit announces the charges as: \"\"The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,\"\" \"\"The Knave of Hearts,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12467753",
"chunk_text": "\"King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nmentions the insult again enough for the Queen of Hearts to quote \"\"Off With her Head,\"\" the King of Hearts partakes in the chase on Alice amongst the Queen of Hearts, the Card Soldiers, and the other Wonderland characters. This ends when Alice wakes up. He was voiced by Dink Trout in the 1951 film and by Tony Pope in the Alice in Wonderland Disneyland attraction. King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) The King of Hearts is a character from the book \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\" by Lewis Carroll. He is the king consort of the Queen of Hearts.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11558018",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\na figment of Sora's memories. Again, she holds Alice on trial, this time for attempting to steal her memories. In both games, Sora, Donald and Goofy prove Alice's innocence by defeating the Trickmaster Heartless, the real culprit. The Queen congratulates Sora for solving the mystery, and once again demonstrates her bi-polar personality by pardoning Alice. She is absent in \"\"Kingdom Hearts II\"\", but appears in \"\"Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days\"\" along with her homeworld. A digital version of her later appears in \"\"Kingdom Hearts coded\"\". In the video game \"\"American McGee's Alice\"\", the Queen of Hearts is the final boss and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19559087",
"chunk_text": "\"Wonderland (fictional country)\"\na seacoast, where the Mock Turtle lives. The land is nominally ruled by the Queen of Hearts, whose whimsical decrees of capital punishment are routinely nullified by the King of Hearts. There is at least one Duchess. The main population consists of animated playing cards: the royal family (hearts), courtiers (diamonds), soldiers (clubs), and servants (spades). In addition, there are many talking animals. Among the characters Alice meets are: Wonderland is featured in many of its adaptions: Wonderland (fictional country) Wonderland is the setting for Lewis Carroll's 1865 children's novel \"\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\"\". In the story, Wonderland is accessed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5775046",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\nWonder World\"\" on December 25, 2007 playable on a Windows PC. Prototype ported the game to the PS2 on April 15, 2010 and the PSP on March 31, 2011. It follows the first game under the assumption that Alice did not fall in love with anyone, maintaining only friendships with the major characters. She remains in Wonderland as a result and the setting moves from the Country of Heart to the Country of Clover. \"\"Clover no Kuni no Alice\"\" replaces Julius Monrey and Mary Gowland with Pierce Villiers, the representation of the Dormouse, and Gray Ringmarc, Nightmare's right-hand man who",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11558016",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\n\"\"Mickey Mousecapade\"\", a 1987 video game where Alice is her hostage. She is also a greetable character at the Walt Disney World Resort. In \"\"Mickey's House of Villains\"\", the Queen of Hearts appears as one of the villain guests of the \"\"House of Mouse\"\", voiced by Tress MacNeille. She also appeared in \"\"\"\". The Queen appears in the Square-Enix/Disney video game \"\"Kingdom Hearts\"\", in her homeworld. As in the film, she holds Alice on trial, only this time for attempting to steal her heart. The main heroes in the game, Sora, Donald and Goofy, intervene, telling the Queen that Alice",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "12467750",
"chunk_text": "\"King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nthe order, taunting the Card guards that are carrying away the failed Card Soldier as if he had given the order himself. He appears briefly when the Cheshire Cat entangles the Queen's croquet mallet (actually a live flamingo) in her dress, causing her to fall over and expose her red heart-printed panties. The King then gives the order to save her modesty, which he and nearly all the Card Soldiers do with the sole exception of Alice. This causes the Queen to blame Alice for the embarrassing situation. Just as she orders Alice's head off, the King of Hearts requests",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15963526",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nsoldiers humor her but do not carry out her orders. The Gryphon tells Alice, \"\"It's all her fancy: she never executes nobody, you know.\"\" Nevertheless, all creatures in Wonderland fear the Queen. In the final chapters, the Queen sentences Alice again (for defending the Knave of Hearts), and she offers a bizarre approach towards justice: sentence before verdict. Modern portrayals in popular culture usually let her play the role of a villain because of the menace the character exemplifies, but in the book she does not fill that purpose. She is just one of the many obstacles that Alice has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1595769",
"chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\"\nportray the lead role of Alice. It was also announced that Peter Gadiot would play her love interest, Cyrus, who has \"\"a background\"\". Michael Socha will portray the Knave of Hearts. Barbara Hershey, who has appeared as Cora, the Queen of Hearts, in the main series, may also appear in this spin-off reprising the same role in back stories . Also, during the month of April, Paul Reubens was cast as the voice of the White Rabbit and Emma Rigby was cast as the Red Queen. On May 10, 2013, ABC announced that it had greenlit the spin-off, as well",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8756634",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nQueen calls the March Hare, the Dormouse, and the Mad Hatter to witness, who hold an unbirthday party for her and cheer her up considerably. During the party, the Cheshire Cat reappears and upsets the Dormouse. The frightened Dormouse runs all over, and in an attempt to crush the Dormouse, the King of Hearts accidentally hits the Queen on the head with the gavel, which is hastily passed into the March Hare's hands, then the Hatter's, and finally Alice's. The Queen, of course, blames Alice for it, and is going to have her beheaded. But Alice eats mushrooms she had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5545791",
"chunk_text": "\"Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\nchapter 12 and the chapter 8 drawing by both Carroll and Tenniel show no markings. Crispin Glover played the Knave of Hearts in the Tim Burton film \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\". His real name is given as Ilosovic Stayne. In the film, the relationship between the Knave and the Red Queen serves more as the Knave being the Queen's personal assassin. However, much like the other servants of the Queen, Stayne secretly hates her though he plays on her insecurities to secure his position. During the fight between the Red Queen's army and the White Queen's, the Knave of Hearts fights",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12467749",
"chunk_text": "\"King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)\"\ntarts made of?\"\" Between the two of them, the King and Queen appear to present a fairly accurate reflection of the childish, reckless and confusing world of Wonderland. The Disney movie portrays the King of Hearts as a dwarfish man wearing an extremely tall crown, and he is very much subdued by the Queen in terms of popularity among their subjects. He seems to be less bright than in the book: for instance when he first sees Alice, he thinks she is another card. He also squeals happily behind the subject being ordered to be beheaded, once the Queen gives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5775042",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\nJulius Monrey, whose job it is to repair clocks, which work as the hearts of the inhabitants of Wonderland. As a result, he is considered Wonderland's mortician and he gives life to new residents once the Clocks are repaired. Also appearing in the series is the sickly Nightmare Gottschalk (the Caterpillar), a dream demon who is the embodiment of bad dreams and ruler of the neighbouring 'Country of Clover'. The Country of Hearts is the primary setting of the \"\"Alice in the Country of Hearts\"\" series and the first Wonderland location that Alice visits. The majority of characters in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_642
|
who invented the first computer game in 1962 and what was the name of the game?
|
n/a
|
[
"Spacewar!",
"Steve Russell",
"Wayne Wiitanen",
"Martin Graetz"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12042245",
"chunk_text": "\"Video game development\"\nfirst games created had little entertainment value, and their development focus was separate from user experience—in fact, these games required mainframe computers to play them. \"\"OXO\"\", written by Alexander S. Douglas in 1952, was the first computer game to use a digital display. In 1958, a game called \"\"Tennis for Two\"\", which displayed its output on an oscilloscope, was made by Willy Higinbotham, a physicist working at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. In 1961, a mainframe computer game called \"\"Spacewar!\"\" was developed by a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology students led by Steve Russell. True commercial design and development of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5172732",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nthe device was invented, the earliest known written computer game was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne in 1948, a chess simulation called Turochamp, though it was never actually implemented on a computer as the code was too complicated to run on the machines of the time. Turing tested the code in a game in 1952 where he mimicked the operation of the code in a real chess game against an opponent, but was never able to run the program on a computer. The earliest known publicly demonstrated electronic game was created in 1950. \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\" was an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14131927",
"chunk_text": "\"PC game\"\ntic-tac-toe for the EDSAC, debuted in 1952. Another pioneer computer game was developed in 1961, when MIT students Martin Graetz and Alan Kotok, with MIT student Steve Russell, developed \"\"Spacewar!\"\" on a PDP-1 mainframe computer used for statistical calculations. The first generation of computer games were often text adventures or interactive fiction, in which the player communicated with the computer by entering commands through a keyboard. An early text-adventure, \"\"Adventure\"\", was developed for the PDP-11 minicomputer by Will Crowther in 1976, and expanded by Don Woods in 1977. By the 1980s, personal computers had become powerful enough to run games",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "5172753",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\ngame designed to teach medical students how to diagnose patients by Wallace Feurzeig in 1962, and a dice game by Edward Steinberger in 1965. Mainframe games were developed outside of the IBM and DEC communities as well, such as the 1962 Polish \"\"Marienbad\"\" for the Odra 1003. The creation of general programming languages like BASIC, which could be run on different hardware types, allowed for programs to be written for more than one specific computer, in turn letting games written in them to spread to more end players in the programming community than before. These games included a baseball simulation",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "14337601",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\nin the industry. For the same reason, it is impossible to be certain who developed the first computer game or who originally modeled many of the games or play mechanics introduced during the decade, as there are likely several games from this period that were never publicized and are thus unknown today. The earliest known chess computer program was developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne called \"\"Turochamp\"\", which was completed in 1950 but not actually implemented by them on a computer. The earliest known idea for a fully electronic game is a \"\"Cathode-Ray Tube Amusement Device\"\" in US patent",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14337603",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\npredecessor \"\"Nimatron\"\" (1940) had been created as electro-mechanical devices. The first games known to incorporate a monitor were two research projects completed in 1952, a checkers program by Christopher Strachey on the Ferranti Mark 1 and a tic-tac-toe program called \"\"OXO\"\" by Alexander Douglas on the EDSAC. Both of these programs used a relatively static display to track the current state of the game board. The first known game incorporating graphics that updated in real time was a billiards game programmed by William Brown and Ted Lewis specifically for a demonstration of the MIDSAC computer at the University of Michigan",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
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"chunk_id": "14337592",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\nHistory of video games The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research or just for fun. At M.I.T. in the 1960s, professors and students played games such as 3D tic-tac-toe and Moon Landing. These games were played on computer such as the IBM 1560, and moves were made by means of punch cards. Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
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"chunk_id": "9272990",
"chunk_text": "\"Early mainframe games\"\nif initially developed on a mainframe. The very first computer games began to appear in the 1950s, starting with \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\", a computer-based game of tic-tac-toe built by Dr. Josef Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. While the status of these games as video games depends on the definition used, the games developed during this time period ran on the large antecedents of mainframe computers and were primarily developed for the purposes of academic research or to showcase the technological development of the computers on which they ran. Access to these computers, located almost exclusively in universities and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
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"chunk_id": "4018899",
"chunk_text": "\"Video game\"\nU.S. Patent 2455992. Inspired by radar display technology, it consisted of an analog device that allowed a user to control a vector-drawn dot on the screen to simulate a missile being fired at targets, which were drawings fixed to the screen. Other early examples include: The Nimrod computer at the 1951 Festival of Britain; \"\"OXO\"\" a tic-tac-toe Computer game by Alexander S. Douglas for the EDSAC in 1952; \"\"Tennis for Two\"\", an electronic interactive game engineered by William Higinbotham in 1958; \"\"Spacewar!\"\", written by MIT students Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen's on a DEC PDP-1 computer in 1961;",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
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"chunk_id": "4059392",
"chunk_text": "\"Bertie the Brain\"\ndeveloped for research computers such as Alan Turing and Dietrich Prinz's chess program for the Ferranti Mark 1 at the University of Manchester, \"\"Bertie\"\" was the first computer-based game to feature a visual display of any sort. \"\"Bertie\"\" is considered under some definitions in contention for the title of the first video game. While definitions vary, the prior cathode-ray tube amusement device was a purely analog electrical game, and while \"\"Bertie\"\" did not feature an electronic screen it did run on a computer. Another special-purpose computer-based game, \"\"Nimrod\"\", was built in 1951, while the software-based tic-tac-toe game \"\"OXO\"\" and a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
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"chunk_id": "9638405",
"chunk_text": "\"Arthur Samuel\"\nArthur Samuel Arthur Lee Samuel (December 5, 1901 – July 29, 1990) was an American pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence. He coined the term \"\"machine learning\"\" in 1959. The Samuel Checkers-playing Program was among the world's first successful self-learning programs, and as such a very early demonstration of the fundamental concept of artificial intelligence (AI). He was also a senior member in the TeX community who devoted much time giving personal attention to the needs of users and wrote an early TeX manual in 1983. Samuel was born on December 5, 1901 in Emporia, Kansas",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5172752",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nwrite their own games. Although the market for commercial games—and software in general—was small, due to the cost of computers limiting their spread to research institutions and large corporations, several were still created by programmers and distributed by the computer manufacturers. A number of games could be found in an April 1962 IBM program catalog. These included board games, \"\"BBC Vik The Baseball Demonstrator\"\", and \"\"Three Dimensional Tic-Tack-Toe\"\". Following the spread of \"\"Spacewar\"\", further computer games developed by programmers at universities were also developed and distributed over the next few years. These included the Socratic System, a question and answer",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
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"chunk_id": "9638412",
"chunk_text": "\"Arthur Samuel\"\nas another way of learning. With all of this work, Samuel's program reached a respectable amateur status, and was the first to play any board game at this high a level. He continued to work on checkers until the mid-1970s, at which point his program achieved sufficient skill to challenge a respectable amateur. Arthur Samuel Arthur Lee Samuel (December 5, 1901 – July 29, 1990) was an American pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence. He coined the term \"\"machine learning\"\" in 1959. The Samuel Checkers-playing Program was among the world's first successful self-learning programs, and as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
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"chunk_id": "15145954",
"chunk_text": "\"Computer graphics\"\nold quote in many secondary sources comes complete with the following sentence: In 1961 another student at MIT, Steve Russell, created another important title in the history of video games, \"\"Spacewar!\"\". Written for the DEC PDP-1, Spacewar was an instant success and copies started flowing to other PDP-1 owners and eventually DEC got a copy. The engineers at DEC used it as a diagnostic program on every new PDP-1 before shipping it. The sales force picked up on this quickly enough and when installing new units, would run the \"\"world's first video game\"\" for their new customers. (Higginbotham's \"\"Tennis For",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "10906748",
"chunk_text": "\"Artificial intelligence in video games\"\nwould culminate in the defeat of Garry Kasparov by IBM's Deep Blue computer in 1997. The first video games developed in the 1960s and early 1970s, like \"\"Spacewar!\"\", \"\"Pong\"\", and \"\"Gotcha\"\" (1973), were games implemented on discrete logic and strictly based on the competition of two players, without AI. Games that featured a single player mode with enemies started appearing in the 1970s. The first notable ones for the arcade appeared in 1974: the Taito game \"\"Speed Race\"\" (racing video game) and the Atari games \"\"Qwak\"\" (duck hunting light gun shooter) and \"\"Pursuit\"\" (fighter aircraft dogfighting simulator). Two text-based computer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4907170",
"chunk_text": "\"Brad Fregger\"\nBrad Fregger Brad Fregger (born May 31, 1940 in Billings, Montana) is an American entrepreneur, author and former game producer publisher, and book publisher. Fregger was involved in the computer and video game industry at its inception, in 1983, while at Activision, he became the first person in the world to hold the title of Computer Game Producer. He is the initial producer and/or creator of two of the most successful computer game genres in history: computer solitaire mahjong (Shanghai, 1986) and computer card solitaire (Solitaire Royale, 1987). After many years of working at Activision, Fregger decided to co-found Publishing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7853807",
"chunk_text": "\"Tennis for Two\"\nUniversity founded the William A. Higinbotham Game Studies Collection, dedicated to \"\"documenting the material culture of screen-based game media\"\", and \"\"collecting and preserving the texts, ephemera, and artifacts that document the history and work of early game innovator and Brookhaven National Laboratory scientist William A. Higinbotham, who in 1958 invented the first interactive analog computer game, Tennis for Two.\"\" \"\"Tennis for Two\"\" is considered under some definitions to be the first video game. Other candidates with stronger candidacies from a technological standpoint include the 1947 cathode-ray tube amusement device, the earliest known interactive electronic game, though it did not run",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5172741",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nupdating only when a move was made. \"\"OXO\"\" and Strachey's draughts program are the earliest known games to display visuals on an electronic screen. The first known game incorporating graphics that updated in real time, rather than only when the player made a move, was a pool game programmed by William Brown and Ted Lewis specifically for a demonstration of the University of Michigan-developed MIDSAC computer at the University of Michigan in 1954. The game, developed over six months by the pair, featured a pool stick controlled by a joystick and a knob, and a full rack of 15 balls",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20630480",
"chunk_text": "\"John Burgeson\"\nJohn Burgeson John Burgeson (19 August 1931 – 12 September 2016) is a former IBM engineer who created the first computer baseball simulation game in 1961 on an IBM 1620 Computer in Akron, Ohio. A baseball fan and long-time member of SABR, Burgeson initially wrote the program on his own time for enjoyment, He shared the program with the company, and they included it as part of the software that shipped with the 1620, for which it was the only game. The game was run by placing a deck of punch cards into a card reader, which in turn read",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20455655",
"chunk_text": "\"Video gaming in the United States\"\nprogramming a chess-playing computer. Although \"\"OXO\"\" was created in England by the year 1952, the findings and inventions of the Americans described helped make it possible. The U.S. military dove into the computer age with the creation of a game titled \"\"Hutspiel.\"\" Considered a war game\"\", Hutspiel\"\" depicted NATO and Soviet commanders waging war. The IBM 701 computer received programs like Blackjack and Checkers. A later IBM model featured a chess program that was capable of evaluating four ply ahead. The '50s also included the largely forgotten tennis game created by Willy Higinbotham that anticipated the famous game \"\"Pong.\"\" The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14337608",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\nthe Tech Model Railroad Club, conducting their own experiments on the computer. In 1961, MIT received one of the first PDP-1 computers, which incorporated a relatively sophisticated point-plotting monitor. MIT provided a similar level of access to the computer for students as it did for the TX-0, resulting in the creation of the first (relatively) widespread, and thus influential, computer game, \"\"Spacewar!\"\" Conceived by Steve Russell, Martin Graetz, and Wayne Wiitanen in 1961 and programmed primarily by Russell, Saunders, Graetz, Samson, and Dan Edwards in the first half of 1962, \"\"Spacewar!\"\" was inspired by the science fiction stories of E.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4018900",
"chunk_text": "\"Video game\"\nand the hit ping pong-style \"\"Pong\"\", a 1972 game by Atari. Each game used different means of display: NIMROD used a panel of lights to play the game of Nim, OXO used a graphical display to play tic-tac-toe \"\"Tennis for Two\"\" used an oscilloscope to display a side view of a tennis court, and \"\"Spacewar!\"\" used the DEC PDP-1's vector display to have two spaceships battle each other. In 1971, \"\"Computer Space\"\", created by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney, was the first commercially sold, coin-operated video game. It used a black-and-white television for its display, and the computer system was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11891599",
"chunk_text": "\"Raymond Redheffer\"\nRaymond Redheffer Raymond Moos Redheffer (April 17, 1921 – May 13, 2005) was an American mathematician. Some say that he was the creator of one of the first electronic games known, the knowledge game called Nim. He earned his PhD in 1948 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the supervision of Norman Levinson, and taught as a Peirce Fellow at Harvard from 1948 to 1950 where his teaching skills were gratefully remembered 6 decades later by one of his students. He taught for 55 years at the University of California, Los Angeles. writing more than 200 research papers and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2302976",
"chunk_text": "\"John Burgeson\"\ntwelve grandchildren, and three great grandchildren. John Burgeson John Burgeson (19 August 1931 – 12 September 2016) is a former IBM engineer who created the first computer baseball simulation game in 1961 on an IBM 1620 Computer in Akron, Ohio. A baseball fan and long-time member of SABR, Burgeson initially wrote the program on his own time for enjoyment, He shared the program with the company, and they included it as part of the software that shipped with the 1620, for which it was the only game. The game was run by placing a deck of punch cards into a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5249580",
"chunk_text": "\"History of online games\"\nHistory of online games Online games are video games played over a computer network. The evolution of these games parallels the evolution of computers and computer networking, with new technologies improving the essential functionality needed for playing video games on a remote server. Many video games have an online component, allowing players to play against or cooperatively with players across a network around the world. The first video and computer games, such as NIMROD (1951), OXO (1952), and Spacewar! (1962), were for one or two players sitting at a single computer which was being used only to play the game.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
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"chunk_id": "10906747",
"chunk_text": "\"Artificial intelligence in video games\"\nDespite being advanced technology in the year it was made, 20 years before Pong, the game took the form of a relatively small box and was able to regularly win games even against highly skilled players of the game. In 1951, using the Ferranti Mark 1 machine of the University of Manchester, Christopher Strachey wrote a checkers program and Dietrich Prinz wrote one for chess. These were among the first computer programs ever written. Arthur Samuel's checkers program, developed in the middle 50s and early 60s, eventually achieved sufficient skill to challenge a respectable amateur. Work on checkers and chess",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
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"chunk_id": "14337602",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\n#2,455,992. The earliest known electronic computer games actually implemented were two custom built machines called \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\" and Nimrod, which played tic-tac-toe and the game of Nim, respectively. \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\", designed and built by Josef Kates at Rogers Majestic, was displayed at the Canadian National Exhibition in 1950, while Nimrod, conceived by John Bennett at Ferranti and built by Raymond Stuart-Williams, was displayed at the Festival of Britain and the Berlin Industrial Show in 1951. Neither game incorporated a cathode ray tube (CRT) display. Before these, automated games like the simple chess simulator El Ajedrecista (1914) and Nimrod's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8102849",
"chunk_text": "\"Computer Space\"\naround by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. One of these games was \"\"Spacewar!\"\", created in 1962 for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-1 minicomputer by Steve Russell and others in the programming community at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The two-player game has the players engage in a dogfight between two spaceships, set against the backdrop of a starfield, with a central star exerting gravitational force upon the ships. The game was copied to several of the early minicomputer installations in American academic institutions after its initial release, making it potentially",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "16479859",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nrather than a machine specifically made for the game like \"\"Bertie\"\". Strachey's program inspired Arthur Samuel to develop his own checkers game in 1952 for the IBM 701; successive iterations developed rudimentary artificial intelligence by 1955 and a version was shown on television in 1956. Also in 1951, Dietrich Prinz wrote the first limited program of chess for the University of Manchester's general-purpose Ferranti Mark 1 computer, one of the first commercially available computers. The program was only capable of computing \"\"mate-in-two\"\" problems as it was not powerful enough to play a full game, and it had no video output.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5172748",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nall games had been developed on or as a single machine for specific purposes, and the few simulation games were neither commercial nor for entertainment. By 1961, MIT had acquired the DEC PDP-1 minicomputer, the successor to the TX-0, which also used a vector display system. The system's comparatively small size and processing speed meant that, like with the TX-0, the university allowed its undergraduate students and employees to write programs for the computer which were not directly academically related whenever it was not in use. In 1961-62, Harvard and MIT employees Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen created",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5172725",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nto use an electronic display, the first true video games were created in the early 1950s. Initially created as technology demonstrations, such as the \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\" and Nimrod computers in 1950 and 1951, video games also became the purview of academic research. A series of games, generally simulating real-world board games, were created at various research institutions to explore programming, human–computer interaction, and computer algorithms. These include \"\"OXO\"\" and Christopher Strachey's draughts program in 1952, the first software-based games to incorporate a CRT display, and several chess and checkers programs. Possibly the first video game created simply for entertainment",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
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"chunk_id": "14337604",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\nin 1954. Perhaps the first game created solely for entertainment rather than to demonstrate the power of some technology, train personnel, or aid in research was \"\"Tennis for Two\"\", designed by William Higinbotham and built by Robert Dvorak at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1958. Designed to entertain the general public at Brookhaven's annual series of open houses, the game was deployed on an analog computer with graphics displayed on an oscilloscope and was dismantled in 1959. Higinbotham never considered adapting the successful game into a commercial product, which would have been impractical with the technology of the time. Ultimately,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "5172742",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\non a table seen in an overhead view. The computer calculated the movements of the balls as they collided and moved around the table, disappearing when they reached a pocket, and updated the graphics continuously, forty times a second, so as to show real-time motion. Like previous video games, the pool game was intended primarily to showcase the computing power of the MIDSAC computer. While further games like checkers and chess were developed on research computers, the next milestone in video games came in 1958 with \"\"Tennis for Two\"\". Perhaps the first game created solely for entertainment rather than as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "3792190",
"chunk_text": "\"Alan Kotok\"\nmatch between computer programs. Martin Graetz, Stephen Russell and Wayne Wiitanen conceived the computer game \"\"Spacewar!\"\" while working at Harvard University in 1961. Inspired by Marvin Minsky's \"\"Three Position Display\"\" (which they dubbed the \"\"Minskytron\"\"), they had the first version running, with help from their MIT classmates Dan Edwards, Kotok, Stephen D. Piner, Samson and Saunders, by early 1962. Coded by Russell, \"\"Spacewar!\"\" was one of the earliest interactive computer games and is sometimes called the first video game. Kotok did not write any of the \"\"Spacewar!\"\" code, but he did travel to Digital to obtain a sine-cosine routine that",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
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"chunk_id": "10752396",
"chunk_text": "\"Tennis for Two\"\non a computing device; the 1950 \"\"Bertie the Brain\"\", the earliest known game to run on a computer, though it used light bulbs for a display; and \"\"OXO\"\" and a draughts game by Christopher Strachey in 1952, the earliest digital computer games to display visuals on an electronic screen. \"\"Tennis for Two\"\", though it contained no technological developments to separate it from earlier games, has the distinction of being the earliest known computer game with visuals created purely for entertainment purposes. Prior games were created primarily for academic research purposes or to demonstrate the computing power of the underlying machine,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_text": "\"Steve Russell (computer scientist)\"\nrecursion problem for one of the users of his Lisp implementation. In 1962, Russell created and designed \"\"Spacewar!\"\", with the fellow members of the Tech Model Railroad Club at MIT, working on a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-1 minicomputer. \"\"Spacewar!\"\" is widely considered to be the first digital video game and served as a foundation for the entire video game industry. He later served as an executive of Computer Center Corporation (nicknamed C-Cubed), a small time-sharing company in Washington state. In the fall of 1968, he mentored Bill Gates and Paul Allen on the use of the DEC PDP-10 mainframe, whilst",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "16479858",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\nfollowed up by any future games. Despite this, most of the onlookers at the Festival of Britain were more interested in playing the game than in the programming and engineering logic behind it. Around this time, non-visual games were being developed at various research computer laboratories; for example, Christopher Strachey developed a simulation of the game draughts, or checkers, for the Pilot ACE that he unsuccessfully attempted to run for the first time in July 1951 at the British National Physical Laboratory and completed in 1952; this is the first known computer game to be created for a general-purpose computer,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "7193170",
"chunk_text": "\"Darwin (programming game)\"\nDarwin (programming game) Darwin was a programming game invented in August 1961 by Victor A. Vyssotsky, Robert Morris Sr., and M. Douglas McIlroy. (Dennis Ritchie is sometimes incorrectly cited as a co-author, but was not involved.) The game was developed at Bell Labs, and played on an IBM 7090 mainframe there. The game was only played for a few weeks before Morris developed an \"\"ultimate\"\" program that eventually brought the game to an end, as no-one managed to produce anything that could defeat it. The game consisted of a program called the \"\"umpire\"\" and a designated section of the computer's",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16717328",
"chunk_text": "\"Culture of the United Kingdom\"\nbattleship the \"\"Bismarck\"\" in May 1941. In 1952, \"\"OXO\"\" (or \"\"Noughts and Crosses\"\"), created by computer scientist Alexander S. Douglas, is regarded as a contender for the first video game. In \"\"OXO\"\", the computer player could play perfect games of tic-tac-toe against a human opponent. In the 1960s, John Shepherd-Barron invented the cash machine (ATM) and James Goodfellow invented Personal identification number (PIN) technology, and on 27 June 1967, the first cash machine was established outside a branch of Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London. Dolly the sheep, the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell (by scientists",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "31141",
"chunk_text": "\"Claude Shannon\"\nwas flipped, the lid of the box opened and a mechanical hand reached out, flipped off the switch, then retracted back inside the box. In addition, he built a device that could solve the Rubik's Cube puzzle. Shannon designed the Minivac 601, a digital computer trainer to teach business people about how computers functioned. It was sold by the Scientific Development Corp starting in 1961. He is also considered the co-inventor of the first wearable computer along with Edward O. Thorp. The device was used to improve the odds when playing roulette. Shannon married Norma Levor, a wealthy, Jewish, left-wing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16109815",
"chunk_text": "\"Galaxy Game\"\nwhere it remains as of 2017. At the beginning of the 1970s, video games existed almost entirely as novelties passed around by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. One of these games was \"\"Spacewar!\"\", created in 1962 for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-1 minicomputer by Steve Russell and others in the programming community at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The two-player game has the players engage in a dogfight between two spaceships, set against the backdrop of a starfield, with a central star exerting gravitational force upon the ships. The game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13342692",
"chunk_text": "\"PC game\"\nChina is expected to have 53% of revenues from mobile in 2017 (46% in 2016). The uncoordinated nature of the PC game market and its lack of physical media make precisely assessing its size difficult. Bertie the Brain was one of the first game playing machines developed. It was built in 1950 by Josef Kates. It measured more than four meters tall, and was displayed at the Canadian National Exhibition that year. Although personal computers only became popular with the development of the microprocessor and microcomputer, computer gaming on mainframes and minicomputers had previously already existed. OXO, an adaptation of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9598426",
"chunk_text": "\"Computer Space\"\nComputer Space Computer Space is a space combat arcade game developed in 1971 as one of the last games created in the early history of video games. Created by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney in partnership as Syzygy Engineering, it was the first arcade video game as well as the first commercially available video game. \"\"Computer Space\"\" is a derivative of the 1962 computer game \"\"Spacewar!\"\", possibly the first video game to spread to multiple computer installations. It features a rocket, controlled by the player, engaged in a missile battle with a pair of flying saucers set against a background",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5843933",
"chunk_text": "\"Allan Alcorn\"\nAllan Alcorn Allan Alcorn (born January 1, 1948 in San Francisco) is an American pioneering engineer and computer scientist best known for creating \"\"Pong\"\", one of the first video games. Alcorn grew up in San Francisco, California, and attended the University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences in 1971. He worked for the pioneering video company Ampex, where he met Ted Dabney and several other people that would end up being constants through the Atari, Inc., Apple, Cyan Engineering and Pizza Time Theater (now known as Chuck E. Cheese's) companies.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15066156",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter R. Jennings\"\nPeter R. Jennings Peter R. Jennings (born 1950) is a Canadian physicist, scientist, inventor, software developer, computer chess programmer, and entrepreneur. He is best known for creating MicroChess, the first microcomputer game to be sold commercially in 1976. Jennings was born in Bedford, England, in 1950. In the 1960s his family moved to Ontario, Canada. He received an MA in physics from SUNY Stony Brook University in 1972, and a MBA in finance and marketing from McMaster University in 1974. Jennings developed MicroChess shortly after leaving graduate school in New York; the code was sold on paper, so buyers had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5172754",
"chunk_text": "\"Early history of video games\"\ngame written in BASIC by John Kemeny in 1965; a BASIC bingo game by Larry Bethurum in 1966; a basketball simulation game written in BASIC by Charles R. Bacheller in May 1967; another baseball game that simulates the 1967 World Series written in BASIC by Jacob Bergmann in August 1967; \"\"Space Travel\"\", written by Ken Thompson for a Multics system in 1969 and which led in part to the development of the Unix operating system; and \"\"Hamurabi\"\", a text-based FOCAL game written by Doug Dyment in 1968 and converted to BASIC by David H. Ahl in 1969, and one of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5843948",
"chunk_text": "\"Allan Alcorn\"\nco-founded Hack the Future, a technology festival and hackathon for elementary school children. Alcorn was portrayed by David Denman in the 2013 biographical drama \"\"Jobs\"\". Allan Alcorn Allan Alcorn (born January 1, 1948 in San Francisco) is an American pioneering engineer and computer scientist best known for creating \"\"Pong\"\", one of the first video games. Alcorn grew up in San Francisco, California, and attended the University of California, Berkeley, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences in 1971. He worked for the pioneering video company Ampex, where he met Ted Dabney and several other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1813822",
"chunk_text": "Game\na toy.) Online games have been part of culture from the very earliest days of networked and time-shared computers. Early commercial systems such as Plato were at least as widely famous for their games as for their strictly educational value. In 1958, \"\"Tennis for Two\"\" dominated Visitor's Day and drew attention to the oscilloscope at the Brookhaven National Laboratory; during the 1980s, Xerox PARC was known mainly for \"\"Maze War\"\", which was offered as a hands-on demo to visitors. Modern online games are played using an Internet connection; some have dedicated client programs, while others require only a web browser.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4059393",
"chunk_text": "\"Bertie the Brain\"\ndraughts program by Christopher Strachey were in 1952 the first computer games to display visuals on an electronic screen rather than light bulbs. Bertie the Brain Bertie the Brain was an early computer game, and one of the first games developed in the early history of video games. It was built in Toronto by Josef Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition. The four meter tall computer allowed exhibition attendees to play a game of tic-tac-toe against an artificial intelligence. The player entered a move on a lit keypad in the form of a three-by-three grid, and the game played",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14337606",
"chunk_text": "\"History of video games\"\nearly 1950s that processed commands in real time and incorporated a faster and more reliable form of random access memory (RAM) based around magnetic cores. Based on this work, two employees at the lab named Ken Olsen and Wes Clark developed a prototype real time computer called the TX-0 that incorporated the recently invented transistor, which ultimately allowed the size and cost of computers to be significantly reduced. Olsen subsequently established the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) with Harlan Anderson in 1957 and developed a commercial update of the TX-0 called the PDP-1. Lincoln Laboratory donated the TX-0 to MIT in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_643
|
largest state in the us by land mass?
|
n/a
|
[
"Alaska"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3892618",
"chunk_text": "Alaska\nlargest state in the United States by total area at , over twice the size of Texas, the next largest state. Alaska is larger than all but 18 sovereign countries. Counting territorial waters, Alaska is larger than the combined area of the next three largest states: Texas, California, and Montana. It is also larger than the combined area of the 22 smallest U.S. states. There are no officially defined borders demarcating the various regions of Alaska, but there are six widely accepted regions: The most populous region of Alaska, containing Anchorage, the Matanuska-Susitna Valley and the Kenai Peninsula. Rural, mostly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14161937",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Alaska\"\nand British Columbia, Canada to the east, the Gulf of Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the south, Russia (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug), Bering Sea, the Bering Strait, and Chukchi Sea to the west, and the Beaufort Sea and the Arctic Ocean to the north. Alaska is the largest state in the United States in terms of land area at , over twice (roughly 2.47 times) as large as Texas, the next largest state, and is the seventh largest country subdivision in the world. If the state's westernmost point were superimposed on San Francisco, California, its easternmost point would be in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16030662",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nGeography of the United States The term \"\"United States\"\", when used in the geographical sense, is the contiguous United States, the state of Alaska, the island state of Hawaii, the five insular territories of Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa, and minor outlying possessions. The United States shares land borders with Canada and Mexico and maritime borders with Russia, Cuba, and the Bahamas in addition to Canada and Mexico. The United States's northern border with Canada is the world's longest bi-national land border. From 1989 through 1996, the total area of the US was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18312282",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of California\"\nGeography of California California is a U.S. state on the western coast of North America. Covering an area of , California is geographically diverse. The Sierra Nevada, the fertile farmlands of the Central Valley, and the arid Mojave Desert of the south are some of the major geographic features of this U.S. state. It is home to some of the world's most exceptional trees: the tallest (coast redwood), most massive (Giant Sequoia), and oldest (bristlecone pine). It is also home to both the highest (Mount Whitney) and lowest (Death Valley) points in the 48 contiguous states. The state is generally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14928723",
"chunk_text": "\"Unorganized territory\"\nwas 85,392 square miles (221,165 km) and they had a total population of 247,331. South Dakota had the most unorganized territories, 102, as well as the largest amount of land under that status: 39,785 square miles (103,042 km), or 52.4% of the state's land area. North Dakota followed with 86 territories, 20,358 square miles (52,728 km), or 29.5% of its land area. Maine was next with 36 territories, 14,052 square miles (36,396 km), or 45.5% of its land area. Minnesota had 71 territories, 10,552 square miles (27,330 km), or 13% of its land area. Several other states had small amounts",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13421345",
"chunk_text": "\"Federal lands\"\nEnergy. Federal land is concentrated in Alaska and the Western United States. Nationwide, the federal government owns 27.4% of all land area. There are significant variations regionally; the federal government owns 61.3% of the land area in Alaska, 46.4% of the land area in the 11 contiguous Western states; and 4.2% of the land area of other states. The state with the highest percentage of land held by the federal government is Nevada (79.6%); the states with the lowest percentage of land held by the federal government are Connecticut and Iowa (0.3%). From 1990 to 2015, federal acreage declined by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14479377",
"chunk_text": "Alaska\nthat they are over 50 years old. , over 35,000 sites have been reported. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Alaska was 738,432 on July 1, 2015, a 3.97% increase since the 2010 United States Census. In 2010, Alaska ranked as the 47th state by population, ahead of North Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming (and Washington, D.C.). Estimates show North Dakota ahead . Alaska is the least densely populated state, and one of the most sparsely populated areas in the world, at , with the next state, Wyoming, at . Alaska is the largest U.S. state by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3012367",
"chunk_text": "\"Contiguous United States\"\nFlorida and the State of Washington); the greatest north-south line is 1,650 miles (2,660 km). Together, the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia occupy a combined area of . Of this area, is contiguous land, composing 83.65% of total U.S. land area, similar to the area of Australia. Officially, of the contiguous United States is water area, composing 62.66% of the nation's total water area. The contiguous United States would be placed 5th in the list of sovereign states and dependencies by area; the total area of the country, including Alaska and Hawaii, ranks fourth. Brazil is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16899512",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Massachusetts\"\nGeography of Massachusetts Massachusetts is the 7th smallest state in the United States with an area of . It is bordered to the north by New Hampshire and Vermont, to the west by New York, to the south by Connecticut and Rhode Island, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Massachusetts is the most populous New England state. Massachusetts is nicknamed \"\"The Bay State\"\" because of several large bays, which distinctly shape its coast: Massachusetts Bay and Cape Cod Bay, to the east; Buzzards Bay, to the south; and several cities and towns on the Massachusetts–Rhode Island border sit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13982001",
"chunk_text": "Montana\nthe original name of Montana was adopted. Montana is one of the nine Mountain States, located in the north of the region known as the Western United States. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east. Wyoming is to the south, Idaho is to the west and southwest, and three Canadian provinces, British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, are to the north. With an area of , Montana is slightly larger than Japan. It is the fourth largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California; it is the largest landlocked U.S. state. The state's topography is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14430285",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of New York (state)\"\nDelaware, Genesee, Mohawk, and Susquehanna. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy of the Adirondack Mountains New York is the 27th largest state . New York is located in the northeastern United States, in the Mid-Atlantic Census Bureau division. New York covers an area of 54,556 square miles (141,299 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The state borders six U.S. states: Pennsylvania and New Jersey to the south, and Connecticut, Rhode Island (across Long Island Sound), Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. New York also borders the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15031363",
"chunk_text": "\"Demographics of California\"\nDemographics of California California is the most populated U.S. state, with an estimated population of 39.497 million as of 2017. It has people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national, and religious backgrounds. California is the most populated sub-national entity in North America. If it were an independent country, California would rank 34th in population in the world. It has a larger population than either Canada or Australia. Its population is one third larger than that of the next largest state, Texas. California surpassed New York to become the most populous state in 1962. However, according to the \"\"Los",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1042787",
"chunk_text": "\"Territorial evolution of the United States\"\nMaine, Kentucky, Vermont, and West Virginia – have been created from land claimed by another state; all of the others were created from territories or directly from acquisitions. Four states – Louisiana, Missouri, Nevada, and Pennsylvania – have expanded significantly by acquiring additional federal territory after their initial admission to the Union. The last state of the contiguous United States, commonly called the \"\"lower 48,\"\" was admitted in 1912; the fiftieth and most recent state was admitted in 1959. The Banco Convention of 1905 between the United States and Mexico allowed, in the event of sudden changes in the course",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "279512",
"chunk_text": "\"Western United States\"\ndefinition of the 13 westernmost states includes the Rocky Mountains and the Great Basin to the West Coast, and the outlying states, Alaska and Hawaii. The West contains several major biomes, including arid and semi-arid plateaus and plains, particularly in the American Southwest; forested mountains, including two major ranges, the American Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountains; the massive coastal shoreline of the American Pacific Coast; and the rainforests of the Pacific Northwest. The Western U.S. is the largest region of the country, covering more than half the land area of the United States. It is also the most geographically diverse,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9384004",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nto the Atlantic Ocean. The United States holds many areas for the use and enjoyment of the public. These include National Parks, National Monuments, National Forests, Wilderness areas, and other areas. For lists of areas, see the following articles: Geography of the United States The term \"\"United States\"\", when used in the geographical sense, is the contiguous United States, the state of Alaska, the island state of Hawaii, the five insular territories of Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa, and minor outlying possessions. The United States shares land borders with Canada and Mexico and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6512564",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 United States Census\"\n13, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated and remanded with instructions to dismiss the complaint for lack of jurisdiction. The state with the highest percentage rate of growth was Nevada, while the state with the largest population increase was Texas. Michigan, the 8th largest by population, was the only state to lose population (although Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, lost population as well), and the District of Columbia saw its first gain since the 1950s. Note that the resident populations listed below do not include people living overseas. For Congressional apportionment, the sum of a state's resident population and its population",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3892613",
"chunk_text": "Alaska\nAlaska Alaska (; ; ; ) is a U.S. state in the northwest extremity of North America. The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) to the west across the Bering Strait. To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas—the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest. It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13003534",
"chunk_text": "\"Mountain states\"\nas well as other parts of Utah and New Mexico, have other smaller mountain ranges and scattered mountains located in them as well. Sometimes, the Trans-Pecos area of West Texas is considered part of the region. The land area of the eight states together is some 855,767 square miles (2,216,426 square kilometers). The Mountain West is one of the largest and most diverse regions in the United States. Most regional boundaries of the Mountain West are often looked at the area from the High Plains to the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range. The southern and northern portions of the Mountain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15123377",
"chunk_text": "Michigan\nMichigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. The state's name, Michigan, originates from the Ojibwe word \"\"mishigamaa\"\", meaning \"\"large water\"\" or \"\"large lake\"\". Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area, and is the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River. Michigan has a population of about 10 million. Its capital is Lansing and its largest city is Detroit. Metro Detroit is among the nation's most populous and largest metropolitan economies. Michigan is the only state to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "991769",
"chunk_text": "Montana\nMontana Montana () is a state in the Northwestern United States. Montana has several nicknames, although none are official, including \"\"Big Sky Country\"\" and \"\"The Treasure State\"\", and slogans that include \"\"Land of the Shining Mountains\"\" and more recently \"\"The Last Best Place\"\". Montana is the 4th largest in area, the 8th least populous, and the 3rd least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. The western half of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. The eastern half of Montana is characterized",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13003536",
"chunk_text": "\"Mountain states\"\nStates. Its physical geography ranges from some of the highest mountain peaks in the continental United States, to large desert lands, and rolling plains in the eastern portion of the region. The Mountain West states contain all of the major deserts found in North America. The Great Basin Desert is located in almost all of Nevada, western Utah, and southern Idaho. Portions of the Mojave Desert are located in California, but over half of the desert is located in southern Nevada, in the Mountain West. Meanwhile, the Sonoran Desert is located in much of Arizona, and the Chihuahuan Desert is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4114361",
"chunk_text": "\"County statistics of the United States\"\nland area. All county equivalents are included. The list is dominated by just a few states: Alaska, Montana, and Texas together comprise about two-thirds of the entries. The Unorganized Borough is not included here as a unit, but its census areas (non-governmental entities) are. If the census areas were removed from the list, the Unorganized Borough would rank fourteenth with a density of . Data presented below is based on U.S. Census Bureau data from 2010. Calculations are made by dividing the population by the land area. All county equivalents are included. Excluding the census areas of Alaska, Lake and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5579254",
"chunk_text": "\"Rhode Island\"\nRhode Island Rhode Island (), officially the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest state in area, the seventh least populous, and the second most densely populated. It has the longest official name of any state. Rhode Island is bordered by Connecticut to the west, Massachusetts to the north and east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Island Sound. It also shares a small maritime border with New York. Providence is the state capital and most populous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15123486",
"chunk_text": "Michigan\nThe animal was found dead in 2010. Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. The state's name, Michigan, originates from the Ojibwe word \"\"mishigamaa\"\", meaning \"\"large water\"\" or \"\"large lake\"\". Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area, and is the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River. Michigan has a population of about 10 million. Its capital is Lansing and its largest city is Detroit. Metro Detroit is among the nation's most populous and largest metropolitan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13968929",
"chunk_text": "Minnesota\nMinnesota Minnesota () is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan the \"\"Land of 10,000 Lakes\"\". Its official motto is \"\"L'Étoile du Nord\"\" (French: \"\"Star of the North\"\"). Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6015043",
"chunk_text": "\"County (United States)\"\nare counted, then the total is 3,242 counties and county-equivalents in the United States. The number of counties per state ranges from the 3 counties of Delaware to the 254 counties of Texas. Counties have significant governmental functions in all states except Rhode Island and Connecticut, where county governments have been abolished but the entities remain for administrative or statistical purposes. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has removed most government functions from eight of its 14 counties. The county with the largest population, Los Angeles County (10,170,292), and the county with the largest land area, San Bernardino County, border each other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6832365",
"chunk_text": "\"Western United States\"\ntotal 2013 estimated population of 74,254,423. The West is still one of the most sparsely settled areas in the United States with 49.5 inhabitants per square mile (19/km²). Only Texas with 78.0 inhabitants/sq mi. (30/km²), Washington with 86.0 inhabitants/sq mi. (33/km²), and California with 213.4 inhabitants/sq mi. (82/km²) exceed the national average of 77.98 inhabitants/sq mi. (30/km²). The entire Western region has also been strongly influenced by European, Hispanic or Latino, Asian and Native Americans; it contains the largest number of minorities in the U.S. While most of the studies of racial dynamics in America such as riots in Los",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6739518",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nsurface area. Since the initial publishing of the World Factbook, the CIA has updated the total area of United States a number of times. The United States shares land borders with Canada (to the north) and Mexico (to the south), and a territorial water border with Russia in the northwest, and two territorial water borders in the southeast between Florida and Cuba, and Florida and the Bahamas. The contiguous forty-eight states are otherwise bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Atlantic Ocean on the east, and the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Alaska borders the Pacific Ocean",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13926210",
"chunk_text": "Michigan\nand east. The heavily forested Upper Peninsula is relatively mountainous in the west. The Porcupine Mountains, which are part of one of the oldest mountain chains in the world, rise to an altitude of almost above sea level and form the watershed between the streams flowing into Lake Superior and Lake Michigan. The surface on either side of this range is rugged. The state's highest point, in the Huron Mountains northwest of Marquette, is Mount Arvon at . The peninsula is as large as Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island combined but has fewer than 330,000 inhabitants. They are sometimes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16258313",
"chunk_text": "\"Sun Belt\"\nOrleans, Orlando, Palm Springs, Phoenix, and San Diego support a tourist industry all year. The Sun Belt comprises the southern tier of the United States, including the states of Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Carolina, Texas, roughly two-thirds of California (up to Greater Sacramento), and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Nevada, and Utah. Five of the states—Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, and Texas—are sometimes collectively called the Sand States because of their abundance of beaches or deserts. First employed by political analyst Kevin Phillips in his 1969 book \"\"The Emerging Republican Majority\"\", the term",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8644536",
"chunk_text": "\"New York (state)\"\nNew York (state) New York is a state in the Northeastern United States. New York was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that formed the United States. With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state. To distinguish the state from the city in the state with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State. The state's most populous city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population. Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. The state",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17471248",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Michigan\"\nand 1,305 square miles (3,380 km²) of inland waters. Only Alaska has more territorial water. At a total of 97,990 square miles (253,793 km²), Michigan is the largest state east of the Mississippi River (inclusive of its territorial waters). Michigan has a total area of , making it the eleventh largest state. Michigan forestland covers nearly 52% of the land area of Michigan at . The Great Lakes that border Michigan from east to west are Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, and Lake Superior. Because of the lakes, Michigan has more lighthouses than any other state. The state is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6015066",
"chunk_text": "\"County (United States)\"\na ceremonial county of England, and a little more than a quarter of the median land area of a French \"\"département\"\". Counties in the western United States typically have a much larger land area than those in the eastern United States. For example, the median land area of counties in Georgia is , whereas in Utah it is . The most extensive county or county-equivalent is the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, with a land area of 145,505 square miles (376,856 km). All nine of the most extensive county-equivalents are in Alaska. The most extensive county is San Bernardino County, California,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12846894",
"chunk_text": "Florida\nemerald-colored coastal waters. About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands. Florida has a total of 4,510 islands that are ten acres or larger in area. This is the second-highest number of islands of any state of the United States; only Alaska has more. It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3137584",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of Minnesota\"\nGeography of Minnesota Minnesota is the northernmost state outside Alaska; its isolated Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods is the only part of the 48 contiguous states lying north of the 49th parallel. Minnesota is in the U.S. region known as the Upper Midwest. The state shares a Lake Superior water border with Michigan and Wisconsin on the northeast; the remainder of the eastern border is with Wisconsin. Iowa is to the south, North Dakota and South Dakota are west, and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Manitoba are north. With , or approximately 2.26 % of the United",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "9274528",
"chunk_text": "Minnesota\nthe Upper Midwest and part of North America's Great Lakes Region. It shares a Lake Superior water border with Michigan and a land and water border with Wisconsin to the east. Iowa is to the south, North Dakota and South Dakota are to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Manitoba are to the north. With , or approximately 2.25% of the United States, Minnesota is the 12th-largest state. Minnesota has some of the earth's oldest rocks, gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old (80% as old as the planet). About 2.7 billion years ago, basaltic lava",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13641866",
"chunk_text": "\"Township (United States)\"\n(Clark's Grant) is not surveyed into townships, but is still a gridded survey. Portions of the Texas State Survey use square townships. Sizeable portions of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California and Arizona are unsurveyed. Substantial swampy areas in Florida and Louisiana are also unsurveyed. Both New York and Pennsylvania have metes-and-bounds surveys, but in the western parts of these states, the metes-and-bounds form square townships many of which are also civil townships. Besides these, nearly every state has areas of metes-and-bounds that were never included in the grids (like along major rivers) or were removed from the grid, usually due to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5636665",
"chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nColorado, and the Sierra Nevada, near Lake Tahoe. In the east, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most snowfall, although such snowfall levels do not near snowfall levels in the western United States. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Washington having an average of . Hawaii receives even more, with measured annually in the Big Bog, in Maui. The Mojave Desert, in the southwest, is home to the driest locale in the U.S. Yuma, Arizona, has an average of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12845655",
"chunk_text": "Florida\nFlorida Florida (; Spanish for \"\"land of flowers\"\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4073144",
"chunk_text": "Florida\nFlorida Florida (; Spanish for \"\"land of flowers\"\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13003533",
"chunk_text": "\"Mountain states\"\nMountain states The Mountain States (also known as the Mountain West and the Interior West) form one of the nine geographic divisions of the United States that are officially recognized by the United States Census Bureau. It is a subregion of the Western United States. The Mountain States generally are considered to include: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. The words \"\"Mountain States\"\" generally refer to the US States which encompass the US Rocky Mountains. These are oriented north-south through portions of the states of Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and New Mexico. Arizona and Nevada,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3717493",
"chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nthe total size of the United States is measured. The \"\"Encyclopædia Britannica\"\", for instance, lists the size of the United States as , as they do not count the country's coastal or territorial waters. \"\"The World Factbook\"\", which includes those waters, gives . The coastal plain of the Atlantic seaboard gives way further inland to deciduous forests and the rolling hills of the Piedmont. The Appalachian Mountains divide the eastern seaboard from the Great Lakes and the grasslands of the Midwest. The Mississippi–Missouri River, the world's fourth longest river system, runs mainly north–south through the heart of the country. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "280955",
"chunk_text": "\"Western United States\"\nsouthern states of Texas and Oklahoma. Alaska—the northernmost state in the Union—is a vast land of few people, many of them native, and of great stretches of wilderness, protected in national parks and wildlife refuges. Hawaii's location makes it a major gateway between the United States and Asia, as well as a center for tourism. In the Pacific Coast states, the wide areas filled with small towns, farms, and forests are supplemented by a few big port cities which have evolved into world centers for the media and technology industries. Now the second largest city in the nation, Los Angeles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12342769",
"chunk_text": "\"The Dakotas\"\nThe Dakotas The Dakotas is a collective term for the U.S. states of North Dakota and South Dakota. It has been used historically to describe the Dakota Territory, and is still used for the collective heritage, culture, geography, fauna, sociology, the economy, and cuisine among the two states. The two states combined have a population of 1,592,657, slightly less than Idaho, ranking at 40th place. The number of inhabitants increased by 133,430 from the year before. The Dakotas have a total area of 147,878 square miles (383,177 square kilometres), which would rank 4th among U.S. states, right before Montana. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16258316",
"chunk_text": "\"Sun Belt\"\nCensus Bureau projected that approximately 88% of the nation's population growth between 2000 and 2030 would occur in the Sun Belt. California, Texas, and Florida were each expected to add more than 12 million people during that time, which would make them by far the most populous states in America. Nevada, Arizona, Florida, and Texas were expected to be the fastest-growing states. Events leading up to and including the 2008–2009 recession led some to question whether growth projections for the Sun Belt had been overstated. The economic bubble that led to the recession appeared, to some observers, to have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11417308",
"chunk_text": "\"New Mexico\"\nNew Mexico New Mexico ( , ) is a state in the Southwestern region of the United States of America. It is one of the Mountain States and shares the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona; its other neighboring states are Oklahoma to the northeast, Texas to the east-southeast, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua to the south and Sonora to the southwest. With a population around two million, New Mexico is the 36th-most populous state. With a total area of , it is the fifth-largest and sixth-least densely populated of the 50 states. Its capital and cultural",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16000208",
"chunk_text": "Texas\nthat can be used in two ways: to describe something that is about the size of the U.S. state of Texas, or to describe something (usually but not always originating from Texas) that is large compared to other objects of its type. Texas was the largest U.S. state, until Alaska became a state in 1959. The phrase \"\"everything is bigger in Texas\"\" has been in regular use since at least 1950; and was used as early as 1913. Houston is one of only five American cities with permanent professional resident companies in all of the major performing arts disciplines: the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3560789",
"chunk_text": "Utah\nUtah Utah ( , ) is a state in the western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the U.S. on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-largest by area, 31st-most-populous, and 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Utah has a population of more than 3 million according to the Census estimate for July 1, 2016. Urban development is mostly concentrated in two areas: the Wasatch Front in the north-central part of the state, which contains approximately 2.5 million people; and Washington County in Southern Utah, with over 160,000 residents. Utah is bordered by Colorado to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7442073",
"chunk_text": "\"Superior (proposed U.S. state)\"\npopulation than any other state, with its 320,000 residents representing only 60 percent of Wyoming's population and less than 50 percent of Alaska's. It would rank 40th in land area, larger than Maryland. Its most-populous city, Marquette, has a smaller population than Burlington, Vermont, which has the smallest population of the 50 cities that are the most populous in their respective states. Efforts to secede and form a new state date back to 1858, when a convention was held in Ontonagon, Michigan, for the purpose of forming a new state combining the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, northern Wisconsin, and northeast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6323644",
"chunk_text": "\"Buddhism in the United States\"\n8% of the population due to its large Asian American community. The term American Buddhism can be used to describe Buddhism groups within the U.S, which are largely made up of converts. This contrasts many Buddhist groups in Asia, which are largely made up of people who were born into the faith. Hawaii has the largest Buddhist population, amounting to 8% of the total Buddhist population of the United States. California follows Hawaii with 2%. Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_644
|
who sings somebody's watching me with michael jackson?
|
n/a
|
[
"Jermaine Jackson",
"Rockwell"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "16280698",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\nSomebody's Watching Me \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Rockwell, released by the Motown label on January 14, 1984, as the lead single from his debut studio album of the same name. Rockwell's debut single release, the song features guest vocals by brothers Michael Jackson (in the chorus) and Jermaine Jackson (additional backing vocals). \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" became a major commercial success internationally, topping the charts in Belgium, France and Spain. The song reached No. 6 in the United Kingdom, Rockwell's only Top 40 hit there. The song reached the Top 5 in Canada, Germany, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1113627",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me (album)\"\nSomebody's Watching Me (album) Somebody's Watching Me is singer/songwriter Rockwell's debut album, released in 1984 on Motown. It featured the song, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" (with Michael Jackson on vocals in the chorus), as well as the top 40 hit \"\"Obscene Phone Caller\"\". After being kicked out of the house by his father, Motown founder Berry Gordy, Kennedy Gordy moved in with Ray Singleton, Gordy's ex-wife. While living there, the younger Gordy began working on some music. Seeing the youngster's potential, Singleton successfully lobbied to get Kennedy a staff writing job at Jobete. One night, Singleton overheard Kennedy working on the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1113628",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me (album)\"\ntrack, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" and believed it was a song worthy of recording. When Motown staff producer Curtis Anthony Nolen took an interest in the song, he was hired as the producer on the project. While working on the song in the studio, Kennedy got the idea to get Michael Jackson to sing on the track. Without indicating his plans, Kennedy picked Jackson up and drove him into the studio. Once Jackson was in the studio, Kennedy asked him to record the chorus with him. Jackson agreed. Once the track was mixed, Singleton couldn't wait to play it for Berry",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "1886829",
"chunk_text": "\"Rockwell (musician)\"\n1984, Rockwell released his biggest hit single, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\", featuring childhood friend Michael Jackson on guest vocals (notably in the chorus lyrics), and Jermaine Jackson singing back-up. \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" became a Gold-certified million selling #2 smash hit in the US, which also peaked at #6 in the UK. Additionally, it held #1 on Billboard's R&B chart for five weeks. Follow-up singles underperformed, however, with single \"\"Obscene Phone Caller\"\" being Rockwell's only other Top 40 single. This follow-up single reached #35 on the Billboard Hot 100. Rockwell soon ended his musical career with Motown. Rockwell was not the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4326074",
"chunk_text": "\"Mysto and Pizzi\"\nMysto and Pizzi Yaroslav Vynnytsky and Marc Joseph, also known as Mysto & Pizzi, are two electronic music producers from Queens, NY. They are notable for their remix of the Rockwell/Michael Jackson song \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" which was used as the theme for GEICO's \"\"Kash\"\" campaign. They also established a name for themselves through their YouTube channel which has over 48 million views. The duo have produced records for Kelly Rowland and R. Kelly as well as official remixes for acts such as Justin Timberlake, Tiësto, Kaskade, Avicii, Steve Aoki, EDX, and Adrian Lux. Yaroslav Vynnytsky and Marc Joseph started",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1113630",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me (album)\"\namong the Gordy offspring. AllMusic's Rick A. Bueche called the record \"\"an impressive debut set with an emphasis on rock instrumentals.\"\" An uptempo version of \"\"Knife\"\" was released by another Motown artist, Monalisa Young. She also appears on this album as a background vocalist. Somebody's Watching Me (album) Somebody's Watching Me is singer/songwriter Rockwell's debut album, released in 1984 on Motown. It featured the song, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" (with Michael Jackson on vocals in the chorus), as well as the top 40 hit \"\"Obscene Phone Caller\"\". After being kicked out of the house by his father, Motown founder Berry Gordy,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10745907",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\non the Swiss Hitparade, reaching No. 4. The mix was made on the 20th anniversary of the initial hit by DJ BoBo in November 1992. In 2006, Dutch dance group Beatfreakz recorded a pseudo-cover of the song which sampled the chorus but omitted the verses. This version was a Top 10 hit in Belgium, Finland, Ireland, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Somebody's Watching Me \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Rockwell, released by the Motown label on January 14, 1984, as the lead single from his debut studio album of the same name. Rockwell's debut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1886831",
"chunk_text": "\"Rockwell (musician)\"\nIn July 2010, Rockwell married Nicole Moore. In 2013 he filed for divorce. The couple have no children together. In 1984, Rockwell's first studio album:Somebody's Watching Me was released under Motown label. It was the only big success of Rockwell, because of the single of the same name, in which also appeared Michael and Jermaine Jackson on the chorus and back-up singing respectively. On January 14 1985, Captured, Rockwell's second studio album was released. But it didn't reached the big success of his previous album. For this album, Rockwell solicited help for recording another song, but this time, he called",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5064580",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Out There Watching\"\nSomebody's Out There Watching \"\"Somebody's Out There Watching\"\" is a song written by Steve Booker, Franne Golde and Robin Lerner, and recorded by American country music duo The Kinleys. It was released in November 1998 as the first single from \"\"\"\". The song reached number 19 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and became their biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #64 in March 1999. The duo included the song as the last track of their second album \"\"II\"\", released in 2000. Deborah Evans Price of \"\"Billboard\"\" gave the song a favorable review, writing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16280699",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\nNetherlands, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland. In the United States, it peaked at No. 2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100), both \"\"Jump\"\" by Van Halen and \"\"Footloose\"\" by Kenny Loggins kept the song from No. 1. Rockwell is a son of Motown CEO Berry Gordy. At the time of the recording, Rockwell was estranged from his father and living with Ray Singleton, his father's ex-wife and the mother of his older half-brother, Kerry Gordy. Singleton served as executive producer on the project and would occasionally play some demo tracks to Berry. The elder Gordy was less than enthusiastic about",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16895595",
"chunk_text": "\"Keep Your Eye on Me\"\nKeep Your Eye on Me Keep Your Eye on Me is a pop/R&B/dance album by Herb Alpert, released in 1987. It contains two hit singles, \"\"Diamonds\"\" and \"\"Making Love in the Rain\"\" (both featuring lead and background vocals by Janet Jackson and Lisa Keith). These Billboard Top 40 hits, along with the title track and \"\"Pillow\"\" (featuring co-lead vocals by Alpert and singer/wife Lani Hall) were produced by Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis. The remainder of the album consists of tracks produced by Herb Alpert and various producers. Keep Your Eye On Me was constructed with Side 1 (Tracks 1-5)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2864083",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\nRockwell's music until he heard the single with a familiar voice featuring prominently on background vocals. \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" was written in the key of C-sharp minor in time with a tempo of 124 beats per minute. The vocals span from C# to C#. Produced by Curtis Anthony Nolen, the song featured backing vocals by Michael and Jermaine Jackson, with Alan Murray on percussion. The music video to \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" (which uses the radio edit instead of the album version) underscores the song's paranoid tone with a haunted house-inspired theme, including imagery of floating heads, ravens, graveyards, and shower",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1113629",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me (album)\"\nGordy, who thought one of the voices sounded familiar, but couldn't identify it. When Gordy found out it was Michael Jackson, he was elated. Not wanting the Gordy name to influence the outcome of the song (his half-brother Kerry Gordy, recorded under his own name five years earlier without success), Kennedy decided to use the name Rockwell on the record. The title cut was one of the biggest singles of 1984 and both the album and single were certified Gold. It was easily the most successful record by a Gordy as a recording artist. Rockwell now gained an exalted position",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4326075",
"chunk_text": "\"Mysto and Pizzi\"\nworking together in 2006 sharing a common interest in music production. Soon after, they started a YouTube channel showcasing their in-studio performances and documenting their life in the music industry. Their first production placement was on R. Kelly's \"\"Double Up\"\" Album titled \"\"Get Dirty\"\" featuring Chamillionaire. The album debuted at no.1 on the Billboard 200 earning the team their first platinum plaque. They followed up with their second production placement on Kelly Rowland's \"\"Ms. Kelly\"\" album with a track titled \"\"Love\"\". In 2009, Mysto and Pizzi produced a remix of the Rockwell/Michael Jackson song \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" which was used",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18448515",
"chunk_text": "\"Gordy family\"\nMayberry, was a member of the band Apollo, which released an album on Gordy Records in 1979. Later, he worked as a staff writer and producer at Motown under his given name, Kerry Ashby. He continues to work as an entertainment industry executive today. Son of Berry Gordy Jr. and former girlfriend Margaret Norton, Kennedy William Gordy changed his name to Rockwell in 1983 to become a rock star. The singer, who earned his deal with Motown without his father's knowledge, recorded his biggest hit, 1984's \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\", which included background vocals by Michael Jackson. The song rose to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17814288",
"chunk_text": "\"Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)\"\nWho Is It (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Who Is It\"\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on August 31, 1992, as the fifth single from Jackson's eighth studio album, \"\"Dangerous\"\" (1991). The song was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Jackson and Bill Bottrell. The song's lyrics pertain to despair over being left by someone you love; some critics noted a comparison to the lyrics of the song to Jackson's single, \"\"Billie Jean\"\", from the album \"\"Thriller\"\". As part of the promotion for the song, two music videos were released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13121840",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Out There Watching\"\nthat it has \"\"a positive message, a nice country groove, and is a fine performance.\"\" The music video was directed by Jim Shea and premiered in November 1998. Somebody's Out There Watching \"\"Somebody's Out There Watching\"\" is a song written by Steve Booker, Franne Golde and Robin Lerner, and recorded by American country music duo The Kinleys. It was released in November 1998 as the first single from \"\"\"\". The song reached number 19 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and became their biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #64 in March 1999. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5491581",
"chunk_text": "\"Scream (Michael Jackson album)\"\nsaid songs, but he praised the inclusion of lesser-known tracks (including \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\"). It debuted at number 28 in France, selling 3,300 units. In the United States, it debuted with 14,000 units, including 11,000 from pure album sales, in its first week of release, charting at number 33 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. Scream (Michael Jackson album) Scream is a compilation album by American singer Michael Jackson, released on September 29, 2017. The album compiles songs around a Halloween theme. A 17-second teaser was released on Michael Jackson's official Facebook page and YouTube Vevo page on September 6, 2017, just",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13928827",
"chunk_text": "\"Jermaine Jackson\"\nFancy\"\" (featuring Devo on backing vocals) (#18), \"\"Let's Get Serious\"\" (#9, also one of his only two UK hits, peaking at #8), \"\"Dynamite\"\" (#15), \"\"Do What You Do\"\" (#13), and \"\"I Think It's Love\"\" (#16). A duet with his brother Michael, \"\"Tell Me I'm Not Dreamin' (Too Good to Be True)\"\", hit number one on the dance chart in 1984. Michael and he also collaborated with Rockwell, both providing guest vocals on his 1984 hit single, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\". In 1985, his duet with Pia Zadora, \"\"When the Rain Begins to Fall\"\", topped several singles charts in Europe. His final",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15303582",
"chunk_text": "\"Feds Watching\"\nFeds Watching \"\"Feds Watching\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist 2 Chainz, released on June 4, 2013 as the lead single from his second studio album \"\"\"\" (2013). The song, which features fellow American singer Pharrell, who also produced \"\"Feds Watching\"\". The song has since peaked at number 66 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number 51 in Germany. On June 2, 2013, 2 Chainz premiered \"\"Feds Watching\"\" at the Hot 97's Summer Jam, the first single from his second studio album. The song features Pharrell Williams and was recorded on 2013 Grammy Awards night. The song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10333784",
"chunk_text": "\"Someone's Watching Over Me\"\nSomeone's Watching Over Me \"\"Someone's Watching Over Me\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff for her self-titled third studio album (2004). It was released by Hollywood Records as the second single. The song was written by Kara DioGuardi and John Shanks, who also produced the song. The song was written by DioGuardi and Shanks for the film \"\"Raise Your Voice\"\", in which Duff stars. In the movie, which is set at a performing arts summer school, Duff's character, Terri, writes the song with her fellow student Jay, played by Oliver James, and performs it at the film's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12164628",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\nfinancial interests in the music publishing business grew after he collaborated with Paul McCartney in the early 1980s and learned that McCartney was making approximately $40 million a year from other people's songs. By 1983, Jackson had begun investing in publishing rights to songs that others had written, but he was careful with his acquisitions, only bidding on a few of the dozens that were offered to him. Jackson's early acquisitions of music catalogs and song copyrights such as the Sly Stone collection included \"\"Everyday People\"\" (1968), Len Barry's \"\"1-2-3\"\" (1965), and Dion DiMucci's \"\"The Wanderer\"\" (1961) and \"\"Runaround Sue\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1144439",
"chunk_text": "\"Diamonds (Herb Alpert song)\"\nnumber one on the U.S. Hot Dance Music/Club Play and the U.S. Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales. Outside the U.S.. \"\"Diamonds\"\" was a hit in most countries like Canada and Holland but a modest hit in the UK and Australia. Its successor \"\"Making Love in the Rain\"\" would become a modest hit. Diamonds (Herb Alpert song) \"\"Diamonds\"\" is the second single by Herb Alpert from his \"\"Keep Your Eye on Me\"\" album. The song features lead and background vocals by Janet Jackson and Lisa Keith. This single marked a huge comeback for Herb Alpert. Four tracks on its parent album \"\"Keep",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2864086",
"chunk_text": "\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\nDue in part to the popularity of the music video, the song is sometimes used for Halloween celebrations, with cover versions found in various collections of Halloween music. DJ BoBo based his 1992 single \"\"Somebody Dance with Me\"\" on \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" with new lyrics and rap. The DJ BoBo single reached No. 1 in Sweden and Switzerland, and the Top 5 in Austria, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway. In 2012, a remix of the hit was made by Remady titled \"\"Somebody Dance With Me (Remady 2013 Mix)\"\" by DJ BoBo featuring Manu-L. Released early in 2013, it charted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17572507",
"chunk_text": "\"Fizzy Qwick\"\nWayne Sweet). In 1983, Tiggi Clay signed with the newly formed Motown rock subsidiary, Morocco. The album jacket from their self-titled debut showed the trio only in silhouette, presumably to create a mystique and/or conceal their racial identity. A similar technique was used with other label artists such as white soul singer Teena Marie and Berry Gordy's son Rockwell on their initial releases. In fact, Rockwell's smash hit, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" was peaking on the charts at the same time as Tiggi Clay's initial single, \"\"Flashes\"\" entered Billboard's Hot 100 chart. Unfortunately, despite positive reviews from trade publications including \"\"Billboard\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13292231",
"chunk_text": "\"Captured (Rockwell album)\"\nCaptured (Rockwell album) Captured is singer/songwriter Rockwell's 1985 follow-up to his gold album, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\". Despite featuring one single featuring Stevie Wonder and another appearing on the soundtrack of \"\"The Last Dragon\"\", it was a commercial and critical disappointment. As Rockwell had done on his previous album, he soliticed the help of another prominent recording artist to sing with him on the first single. Instead of Michael Jackson, however, this time he got Stevie Wonder to record the song \"\"He's a Cobra\"\" with him. The song was a flop. The next single, \"\"Peeping Tom\"\" appeared on the soundtrack to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "567593",
"chunk_text": "\"Behind the Mask (Michael Jackson song)\"\nBehind the Mask (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Behind the Mask\"\" is a song written and originally recorded by Japanese electronic band Yellow Magic Orchestra in 1978 and 1979 in Japan. In 1982, a cover version was recorded by American singer Michael Jackson for his album \"\"Thriller\"\", but managerial disputes prevented its release. His version has been recorded by Greg Phillinganes (1985) and Eric Clapton (1986). On February 21, 2010, the song was released by Epic Records as the third single from the posthumous album \"\"Michael\"\". The singer Shanice provides background vocals on the song. Quincy Jones heard Yellow Magic Orchestra's version",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656070",
"chunk_text": "\"Cry (Michael Jackson song)\"\nJackson: The Solo Years\"\", believe that Jackson's absence from the video \"\"did little to promote it.\"\" \"\"Shout\"\" was recorded within the album sessions and left off the album while \"\"Streetwalker\"\" from circa 1986 was the musical coda for The Way You Make Me Feel. Cry (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Cry\"\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Michael Jackson that features on his tenth and final studio album, \"\"Invincible\"\" (2001). The song was written by R&B singer-songwriter R. Kelly, who had previously written Jackson's 1995 single \"\"You Are Not Alone\"\". \"\"Cry\"\" was produced by Jackson and Kelly. It was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12128288",
"chunk_text": "\"You Are Not Alone\"\nhe recorded it as a tribute to Jackson following his death. The song was a hidden bonus song on the album, shown as the final song on the album's track list. The song starts with Kelly paying tribute to Jackson, saying \"\"In loving memories of my hero... MJ\"\". You Are Not Alone \"\"You Are Not Alone\"\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson from his ninth studio album \"\"\"\" (1995). It was released on August 15, 1995 as the second single from the album. The song was re-released in 2006, as part of Jackson's \"\"\"\" collection box set,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8372882",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael J. Parlett\"\nYou\"\", featuring many UK session musicians and singers including Incognito's Joy Rose, UK singer Wayne Hernandez and George Michael's keyboardist Luke Smith. In 2012 he released his second solo project with Michael Jackson's drummer Ricky Lawson, Smooth Jazz superstar Chris Standring and many other prominent session musicians. The album is called 'Keep it Moving' The album was recorded at Talented Studios in Los Angeles. While residing in Los Angeles, he has mentored many college sound engineer interns, both at the community college and university levels. Relocating to the US in 2006, by the following year Michael performed alongside Peabo Bryson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7709963",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\ndonated $455,000 to the United Negro College Fund, and all profits from his single \"\"Man in the Mirror\"\" went to charity. Jackson's live rendition of \"\"You Were There\"\" at Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th birthday celebration won Jackson a second Emmy nomination. In March 1991, Jackson renewed his contract with Sony for $65 million, a record-breaking deal at the time, displacing Neil Diamond's renewal contract with Columbia Records. In 1991, he released his eighth album, \"\"Dangerous\"\", co-produced with Teddy Riley. \"\"Dangerous\"\" was certified seven times platinum in the U.S., and by 2008 had sold approximately 30 million copies worldwide. In the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18980305",
"chunk_text": "\"Tabloid Junkie\"\nTabloid Junkie \"\"Tabloid Junkie\"\" is a song performed by American recording artist Michael Jackson. The song appeared as the eleventh track on Jackson's ninth studio album, entitled \"\"\"\", which was released in 1995 as a two-disc set. The song was written, composed, and produced by Michael Jackson, Jimmy Jam (James Harris III) and Terry Lewis. The song received generally positive reviews from music critics. \"\"Tabloid Junkie\"\" is a funk rock song, with lyrics that pertain to media bias and negative coverage of rumors about Jackson and his personal life, similar to previous songs recorded by Jackson. \"\"Tabloid Junkie\"\" is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5505593",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson singles discography\"\nthe \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, including one number-one hit \"\"Black or White\"\", \"\"Remember the Time\"\", \"\"In the Closet\"\" and \"\"Will You Be There\"\" which produced and performed by Jackson the theme for the film \"\"Free Willy\"\". In June 1995, Jackson released his ninth album, \"\"\"\", a double album. The first disc, \"\"HIStory Begins\"\", is a 15-track greatest hits album. The second disc, \"\"HIStory Continues\"\", contains 13 original songs and two cover versions. The album features the hits \"\"Scream\"\", a duet with Jackson's youngest sister Janet Jackson, \"\"Earth Song\"\", \"\"They Don't Care About Us\"\", and \"\"You Are Not Alone\"\". \"\"You Are Not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10485255",
"chunk_text": "\"Watching You (Rodney Atkins song)\"\nWatching You (Rodney Atkins song) \"\"Watching You\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Rodney Atkins. It was released in September 2006 as the second single from the album \"\"If You're Going Through Hell\"\". The single became Atkins' second number-one single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" U.S. Hot Country Songs chart. It was named the number-one song of 2007 on \"\"Billboard\"\"'s year-end chart. The song was written by Atkins, Steve Dean and Brian Gene White. The song was inspired by Atkins' son, Elijah. After having found out that Elijah had been singing Atkins' 2006 hit \"\"If You're Going",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5513033",
"chunk_text": "\"Watching You (Rodney Atkins song)\"\nWatching You (Rodney Atkins song) \"\"Watching You\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Rodney Atkins. It was released in September 2006 as the second single from the album \"\"If You're Going Through Hell\"\". The single became Atkins' second number-one single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" U.S. Hot Country Songs chart. It was named the number-one song of 2007 on \"\"Billboard\"\"'s year-end chart. The song was written by Atkins, Steve Dean and Brian Gene White. The song was inspired by Atkins' son, Elijah. After having found out that Elijah had been singing Atkins' 2006 hit \"\"If You're Going",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19141094",
"chunk_text": "\"GEICO advertising campaigns\"\nover by narrator David O'Brien. Starting in 2008, GEICO has aired a series of TV ads featuring two paper-banded stacks of U.S. bills with a pair of big, googly eyes on top. Kash, who never says anything, just sits and stares at people (in a manner intended to be unsettling), set to a remix of a Rockwell/Michael Jackson song, \"\"Somebody's Watching Me\"\" by Mysto & Pizzi. Toward the end of 2009 until mid 2012, GEICO introduced another advertising campaign in which Mike McGlone walks into an empty room and queries the viewer, \"\"Could switching to GEICO really save you 15%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14337493",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\nas a member of the Jackson 5. He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music. His music videos, including those for \"\"Beat It\"\", \"\"Billie Jean\"\", and \"\"Thriller\"\" from his 1982 album \"\"Thriller\"\", are credited with breaking racial barriers and transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool. Their popularity helped bring the television channel MTV to fame. Jackson's 1987 album \"\"Bad\"\" produced the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 number-one singles \"\"I Just Can't Stop Loving You\"\", \"\"Bad\"\", \"\"The Way You Make Me Feel\"\", \"\"Man",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8158581",
"chunk_text": "\"Loving You (Michael Jackson song)\"\nLoving You (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Loving You\"\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson that was originally recorded during the Bad sessions in 1985 and the chorus section had notable similarities to \"\"The Girl Is Mine\"\". Matt Forger, one of Jackson's trusted engineers stated that, \"\"It was a good song, just not in serious consideration for the album, \"\"Bad\"\". One of many that were recorded and put away.\"\" A reworked version of the song was included in Jackson's posthumous album \"\"Xscape\"\" (2014). The song made its debut on May 6, 2014 on Epic Records and was available streaming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18057941",
"chunk_text": "\"Another Part of Me\"\nAnother Part of Me \"\"Another Part of Me\"\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. Produced by Quincy Jones (and co-produced by Jackson), it was released as the sixth single on July 11, 1988 for the singer's seventh studio album, \"\"Bad\"\" (1987). The song was originally featured in Jackson's 1986 3D film \"\"Captain EO\"\". It is the sixth song on the album. The song also appeared as a dance attack and level song for the later revisions of \"\"Michael Jackson's Moonwalker\"\" video game (originally the first revision used excerpts of Thriller). As with earlier songs in his career",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17729110",
"chunk_text": "\"Monster (Michael Jackson song)\"\nMonster (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Monster\"\" is a song credited to American recording artist Michael Jackson, featuring 50 Cent, released on Jackson's first posthumous album, \"\"Michael\"\". The song was allegedly written by Michael Jackson, Eddie Cascio, James Porte, and its rap part was written by Curtis Jackson. Along with \"\"Breaking News\"\" and \"\"Keep Your Head Up\"\", the song was allegedly recorded in the Porte/Cascios' basement in 2007. These tracks have been controversial since their release, with Jackson's fans and family members doubting their authenticity since release. \"\"Monster\"\" had minor chart success and entered the UK Singles chart two weeks after the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2417684",
"chunk_text": "\"State of Shock (song)\"\nState of Shock (song) \"\"State of Shock\"\" is a 1984 hit single by the Jacksons featuring frontman Michael Jackson and Mick Jagger. It was written by Jackson and Randy Hansen, a guitarist. \"\"State of Shock\"\" charted at number 3 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. The track was originally to be sung with Freddie Mercury as a duet with Jackson, and was later slated for the \"\"Thriller\"\" album; however, due to differing time schedules, Jackson ended up recording it with his brothers and Jagger. A clip of the song (an instrumental part)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5648846",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\nit was never completed. In 2008, Jackson and Sony released \"\"Thriller 25\"\" to mark the 25th anniversary of the original \"\"Thriller\"\". The album featured the previously unreleased song \"\"For All Time\"\", an outtake from the original sessions, as well as remixes by younger artists who had been inspired by Jackson's work. Two remixes were released as singles with modest success: \"\"The Girl Is Mine 2008\"\" (with will.i.am), based on an early demo version of the original song without Paul McCartney, and \"\"Wanna Be Startin' Somethin' 2008\"\" (with Akon). The album was a commercial success. In anticipation of Jackson's 50th birthday,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12164671",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\nthe \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 at number five, and received a Grammy nomination for \"\"Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals\"\". The second single, \"\"You Are Not Alone\"\", holds the \"\"Guinness World Record\"\" for the first song to debut at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. It was seen as a major artistic and commercial success, receiving a Grammy nomination for \"\"Best Pop Vocal Performance\"\". In late 1995, Jackson was rushed to a hospital after collapsing during rehearsals for a televised performance, caused by a stress-related panic attack. In November, Jackson merged his ATV Music catalog with Sony's music publishing division,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10603231",
"chunk_text": "\"Lookin' Through the Windows\"\nLookin' Through the Windows Lookin' Through the Windows is the sixth studio album by the Jackson 5, released on the Motown label in May 1972. The album sold 3.5 million copies worldwide. \"\"Lookin' Through the Windows\"\" marks the beginning of lead singer Michael's vocal change, from the boy soprano who fronted the Jackson 5's early hits, to the tenor who would later become a successful solo artist. Though he could still reach his famed high notes, his voice was filling out, allowing him to also reach lower registers. Most of the album tracks were recorded in late 1971 intended to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17814289",
"chunk_text": "\"Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)\"\nin 1992. The song was not performed by Jackson on any of his world concert tours. He did, however, perform a small segment of the song in his interview with Oprah Winfrey in early 1993. An instrumental portion of the song was supposed to be used during the \"\"This Is It\"\" comeback concerts in London, which were canceled due to Jackson's death. \"\"Who Is It\"\" was recorded by Michael Jackson in 1990 for his eighth studio album, \"\"Dangerous\"\", which was released the following year. Jackson wrote and composed the track, and produced it with Bill Bottrell. It was released as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18057870",
"chunk_text": "\"Man in the Mirror\"\nMan in the Mirror \"\"Man in the Mirror\"\" is a song recorded by Michael Jackson, written by Glen Ballard and Siedah Garrett and produced by Jackson and Quincy Jones. It peaked at number 1 in the United States when released in January 1988 as the fourth single from his seventh solo album, \"\"Bad\"\" (1987). It was nominated for Record of the Year at the Grammy Awards. The song topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for two weeks. The song peaked at number 21 in the UK Singles Charts in 1988, but in 2009, following the news of Jackson's death, the song",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19917434",
"chunk_text": "\"Cheater (song)\"\ndidn't fuss over his albums and just record like this all the time.\"\" Credits adapted from \"\"The Ultimate Collection\"\" liner notes. Cheater (song) \"\"Cheater\"\" is a song written by Michael Jackson and Greg Phillinganes and was originally slated to appear on Jackson's seventh studio album, \"\"Bad\"\" (1987), but it was removed from the track listing for unknown reasons. After being sent to US and UK radio stations, the full commercial release of \"\"Cheater\"\" was cancelled for unspecified reasons, turning the song into a promotional release. The song was then released on November 16, 2004 on \"\"The Ultimate Collection\"\" album. \"\"Cheater\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9004699",
"chunk_text": "\"Watching (Thompson Twins song)\"\nWatching (Thompson Twins song) \"\"Watching\"\" is a 1983 song by the British pop group Thompson Twins. It was released as the fourth and final single from the band's third studio album, \"\"Quick Step and Side Kick\"\". The single peaked at number 33 in the UK Singles Chart in July 1983. The original album version of the song featured singer Grace Jones on backing vocals. Jones had also worked extensively with the band's producer Alex Sadkin at his Compass Point Studios in Nassau, Bahamas in the early 1980s, and was there completing her 1982 album \"\"Living My Life\"\" at the same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14337513",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Jackson\"\nwith Mick Jagger for the Jacksons' album \"\"Victory\"\" (1984), and Mercury included the solo version of \"\"There Must Be More To Life Than This\"\" on his album \"\"Mr. Bad Guy\"\" (1985). In 1982, Jackson combined his interests in songwriting and film when he contributed the song \"\"Someone in the Dark\"\" to the storybook for the film \"\"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial\"\". The song, with Jones as its producer, won a Grammy for Best Recording for Children for 1983. More success came with Jackson's sixth album, \"\"Thriller\"\", released in late 1982. The album earned Jackson seven more Grammys and eight American Music Awards,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15026246",
"chunk_text": "\"Ghosts (Michael Jackson song)\"\nGhosts (Michael Jackson song) \"\"Ghosts\"\" is a 1997 song by Michael Jackson. \"\"Ghosts\"\" was written, composed and produced by Michael Jackson and Teddy Riley. Commentators made observations about the paranoid lyrics, a common theme in Jackson's work. Its music video was a five-minute clip taken from the much longer film of the same name. It was released as part of the single release \"\"HIStory\"\"/\"\"Ghosts\"\", a double A-side single from Michael Jackson's 1997 remix album \"\"\"\". The song would become a top five hit in the UK, France and Italy, but did not chart as highly elsewhere. \"\"Ghosts\"\" was one of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_645
|
who played the mom on what's eating gilbert grape?
|
n/a
|
[
"Darlene Cates"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7678469",
"chunk_text": "\"Darlene Cates\"\nDarlene Cates Darlene Cates (born Rita Darlene Guthrie; December 13, 1947 – March 26, 2017) was an American actress. She was best known for her role in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", in which she played the title character's housebound mother. Author and screenwriter Peter Hedges saw a tape of Cates on a 1992 episode of \"\"Sally\"\" entitled \"\"Too Heavy to Leave Their House\"\". On the show, she discussed her battle with obesity and how it had affected her life. In 1986, pelvic infections caused by her excess weight kept her bedridden for two years, during which she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1615764",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nWhat's Eating Gilbert Grape What's Eating Gilbert Grape is a 1993 American drama film directed by Lasse Hallström and starring Johnny Depp, Juliette Lewis, Darlene Cates, and Leonardo DiCaprio. The film follows 24-year-old Gilbert (Depp), a grocery store clerk caring for his morbidly obese mother (Cates) and his mentally impaired younger brother (DiCaprio) in a sleepy Midwestern town. Peter Hedges wrote the screenplay, adapted from his 1991 novel of the same name. The film was well-received; DiCaprio received his first Academy Award nomination for his role. In the small town of Endora, Iowa, Gilbert Grape (Johnny Depp) is busy caring",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1615765",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nfor Arnie (Leonardo DiCaprio), his mentally challenged brother, as they wait for the many tourists' trailers to pass through town during an annual Airstreamer's Club gathering at a nearby recreational area. His father had hanged himself seven years earlier, and since then his mother, Bonnie (Darlene Cates), has spent most of her days on the couch watching TV and eating. With Bonnie unable to care for her children on her own due to her morbid obesity, Gilbert has taken responsibility for repairing the old house and looking after Arnie, who has a habit of climbing the town water tower, while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11039318",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nit \"\"a performance of astonishing innocence and spontaneity\"\", bringing \"\"a touching credibility to a very difficult part\"\". The film was nominated for the prestigious Grand Prix of the Belgian Syndicate of Cinema Critics. What's Eating Gilbert Grape What's Eating Gilbert Grape is a 1993 American drama film directed by Lasse Hallström and starring Johnny Depp, Juliette Lewis, Darlene Cates, and Leonardo DiCaprio. The film follows 24-year-old Gilbert (Depp), a grocery store clerk caring for his morbidly obese mother (Cates) and his mentally impaired younger brother (DiCaprio) in a sleepy Midwestern town. Peter Hedges wrote the screenplay, adapted from his 1991",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7486752",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nhis sisters Amy (Laura Harrington) and Ellen (Mary Kate Schellhardt) do the rest. The relationship between the brothers is of both care and protection, as Gilbert continually enforces the \"\"nobody touches Arnie\"\" policy. A new FoodLand supermarket has opened, threatening the small Lamson's Grocery where Gilbert works. In addition, Gilbert is having an affair with a married woman, Betty Carver (Mary Steenburgen). The family is looking forward to Arnie's 18th birthday. A young woman named Becky (Juliette Lewis) and her grandmother are stuck in town when the International Harvester Travelall pulling their trailer breaks down. Gilbert's unusual life circumstances threaten",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10662985",
"chunk_text": "\"Laura Harrington\"\nLaura Harrington Laura Harrington (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. Harrington is perhaps best known for her role as the main character's sister in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\". Her character was aged around 20 though the actress herself was 35 at the time. She has also had a prominent role in the 1986 film \"\"Maximum Overdrive\"\", written and directed by horror novelist Stephen King, in which she played the love interest to Emilio Estevez's character. She had a supporting role in the 1997 film \"\"The Devil's Advocate\"\", alongside Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino. Harrington has",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Laura Harrington\"\nalso appeared in television series including \"\"Quantum Leap\"\". She co-wrote the script for the film \"\"The Moon and the Sun\"\". Laura Harrington Laura Harrington (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. Harrington is perhaps best known for her role as the main character's sister in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\". Her character was aged around 20 though the actress herself was 35 at the time. She has also had a prominent role in the 1986 film \"\"Maximum Overdrive\"\", written and directed by horror novelist Stephen King, in which she played the love interest to Emilio Estevez's character.",
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"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nhis mother's death, as Gilbert and his brother Arnie wait by the side of a road for Becky, who arrives with her grandmother, and picks them up. \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\" was shot in Texas, in various towns and cities; Austin and Pflugerville were primary locations, as well as Manor, where the water tower featured in the film was located. \"\"Film Review\"\" quoted actor Leonardo DiCaprio: The film had a limited release on December 17, 1993 and wide release on March 4, 1994. The wide release garnered $2,104,938 on its first weekend. Total domestic gross for the film was $10,032,765.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Libby Villari\"\nthe Hip Pocket Theatre, including \"\"Widows\"\" by Ariel Dorfman. Villari is also an acting coach and works with children's literary programs. Libby Villari Margaret Elizabeth \"\"Libby\"\" Villari (née Webb; born November 17, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring role as Mayor Lucy Rodell on \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". Her film appearances include \"\"Infamous\"\", \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", \"\"Boys Don't Cry\"\", and \"\"The Faculty\"\". Born Margaret Elizabeth Webb in North Carolina, she grew up in California, later moving to Texas. Her mother was Peggy Lee (née Walters; 1931–2004) and her father was Roy Frank Webb (1924–1973).",
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"chunk_text": "\"Libby Villari\"\nLibby Villari Margaret Elizabeth \"\"Libby\"\" Villari (née Webb; born November 17, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring role as Mayor Lucy Rodell on \"\"Friday Night Lights\"\". Her film appearances include \"\"Infamous\"\", \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", \"\"Boys Don't Cry\"\", and \"\"The Faculty\"\". Born Margaret Elizabeth Webb in North Carolina, she grew up in California, later moving to Texas. Her mother was Peggy Lee (née Walters; 1931–2004) and her father was Roy Frank Webb (1924–1973). She graduated from University of North Texas with a B.A in Theatre. An active performer in the Texas theatre community, she",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Darlene Cates\"\ngained an additional 149 pounds. Hedges offered her the role of a morbidly obese mother in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", which she accepted. Television roles followed on the shows \"\"Picket Fences\"\" in 1994 and \"\"Touched by an Angel\"\" in 1996. She had a small role in the 2001 film \"\"Wolf Girl\"\". Producer J. Miles Dale flew a small crew and the film's stars from Romania to Texas to shoot their scenes with Cates. Her performance in \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", her first attempt at acting in any form, received critical acclaim and was lauded by her costars",
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"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nshe has become to the family, and he forgives her. He introduces her to Becky—something he had been reluctant to do earlier. Following Arnie's 18th birthday party, Bonnie climbs the stairs to her bedroom for the first time since her husband's suicide. Arnie later tries to wake her but discovers that she has died. The children, not willing to let their mother become the joke of the town by having her corpse lifted from the house by crane, empty their family home of possessions and set it on fire. A year later, Gilbert describes what happened to his family after",
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"chunk_text": "\"Peter, Peter, Caviar Eater\"\nMacFarlane and Barbara Pewterschmidt, Lois's mother, voiced by Alex Borstein. Both characters would become recurring characters of the series appearing in future episodes including \"\"Welcome Back, Carter\"\". In addition to the regular cast, voice actor Kevin Michael Richardson, actress Fairuza Balk and actor Gregory Jbara guest started in the episode. Other voices included Alex Thomas, Robin Leach and Bill Escudier. Recurring guest voice Lori Alan voiced Dianne Simmons. Peter is shown watching the sitcom \"\"Frasier\"\" and \"\"Ricki Lake\"\". When Stewie walks down the hallway, he sees the two little girls from \"\"The Shining\"\". At an auction, Peter buys an antique",
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"chunk_text": "\"Peter Hedges\"\nPeter Hedges Peter Simpson Hedges (born July 6, 1962) is an American novelist, playwright, screenwriter, film director and film producer. Hedges was born in West Des Moines, Iowa, where he was raised, the son of Carole (Simpson), a psychotherapist, and the Rev. Robert Boyden Hedges, an Episcopal priest. He attended Valley High School, where he was involved in the theater department, including the improvisional group and the mime troupe, The Bakers Dozen. He later went to the North Carolina School of the Arts where he studied drama. Hedges' novel \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\" was adapted into a critically acclaimed movie",
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"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\none of their talks, Arnie returns to the water tower that he is always trying to climb. Arnie is arrested after being rescued from the top of the tower, causing his mother—who has not left the house in seven years—to become the object of pointing, laughing, and gawking from the townspeople as she goes to the police station, forcing Arnie's release. Soon after, Arnie tries to run away yet again from his bath and in his frustration, Gilbert finally snaps, hitting Arnie several times. Guilty and appalled at himself, Gilbert runs out and drives away in his truck without another",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "1407539",
"chunk_text": "\"Juliette Lewis\"\na Scientologist. Juliette Lewis Juliette L. Lewis (born June 21, 1973) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her portrayals of offbeat characters, often in films with dark themes. She began her career with small roles in film and on television during the late 1980s. In 1991, she received acclaim for her performance in \"\"Cape Fear\"\", which earned Lewis nominations for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. She has since appeared in films such as \"\"Husbands and Wives\"\" (1992), \"\"Kalifornia\"\"; \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\" (both 1993), \"\"Natural Born Killers\"\" (1994), \"\"The Basketball Diaries\"\"; \"\"Strange Days\"\" (both",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Mom (season 2)\"\nwith her mother Bonnie Plunkett (Allison Janney), who is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict, as well as her teenage daughter Violet (Sadie Calvano), who was born when Christy was 16. Christy also has a younger son Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by her deadbeat ex-husband Baxter (Matt Jones). Other prominent characters in the series include the manager of Rustic Fig, Gabriel (Nate Corddry) and the head chef, Rudy (French Stewart). Mimi Kennedy who plays Marjorie, Christy and Bonnie's friend and co-Alcoholics Anonymous member, was upgraded to series regular status for this season. The episodes are usually titled with two",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nThe film received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film was given an 89% \"\"Certified Fresh\"\" score and an average rating of 7.3/10 based on 45 reviews. The site's consensus states that the film is \"\"sentimental and somewhat predictable, but those are small complaints, given the tender atmosphere and moving performances at the heart of \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\".\"\" \"\"The New York Times\"\" film critic Janet Maslin praised DiCaprio's performance, writing \"\"the film's real show-stopping turn comes from Mr. DiCaprio, who makes Arnie's many tics so startling and vivid that at first he is difficult to watch… The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Sara Gilbert\"\nHarry Crane. Gilbert has four older half-siblings. Her two siblings on her mother's side, Melissa Gilbert and Jonathan Gilbert, were stars of \"\"Little House on the Prairie\"\". In 1984, Sara took the last name Gilbert for Paul Gilbert, her mother's first husband. Gilbert also has two siblings on her father's side, sister Patrice and brother Joseph. Gilbert graduated from Yale University in 1997 with honors, majoring in art with an emphasis on photography. Following appearances in television movies and a commercial for Kool-Aid, at 13 she landed the role of Darlene Conner, the sarcastic middle child, in \"\"Roseanne\"\". Gilbert was",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "15304598",
"chunk_text": "\"Mary Steenburgen\"\ntimes at Christmas only to rely on a Christmas miracle to save her family. In 1989 she played Karen Buckman, the wife of Steve Martin’s character in Parenthood. In \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\" (1990), Steenburgen played Clara Clayton, a school teacher who falls in love with Doc Brown, played by Christopher Lloyd. She was persuaded to play the role by her children, as well as by fans of the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" films, and reprised the role by providing the character's voice in \"\"\"\". Other performances have been: in \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\" (1993), as a woman",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
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"chunk_id": "9981236",
"chunk_text": "\"Lisa Darr\"\n\"\"Weeds\"\" (on Showtime) as Ann Carilli. She also made a guest appearance in \"\"Nip/Tuck\"\". Her film work includes the Oscar-award-winning \"\"Gods and Monsters\"\" (1998), in which she appeared as Dana Boone (the wife of Brendan Fraser's character), \"\"Pomegranate\"\" (2005), as Julia (the mother of Leah Pipes's character) in the soccer film \"\"Her Best Move\"\" (2006), \"\"National Lampoon's Bag Boy\"\" (2007), and \"\"This Is 40\"\" (2012). Lisa Darr Lisa Darr (born April 21, 1963) is an American actress. Darr was born Lisa Darr Grabemann in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Mollie, an actress, and Karl Grabemann, a lawyer. She attended Stanford",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "2954436",
"chunk_text": "\"Lacey Chabert\"\nLacey Chabert Lacey Nicole Chabert (; born September 30, 1982) is an American actress, voice actress, and singer. Chabert landed one of her first roles playing Erica Kane's daughter on \"\"All My Children\"\". She was the third actress to play Bianca Montgomery from 1992 until 1993. Then gained prominence as a child actress on television for her first big role as Claudia Salinger in the television drama \"\"Party of Five\"\" (1994–2000). She has also provided the voice of Eliza Thornberry in the animated series \"\"The Wild Thornberrys\"\" (1998–2004) and two feature films, Meg Griffin during the first production season of",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "12992275",
"chunk_text": "\"Sweets and Sour Marge\"\n\"\"If it had still been in existence, we wouldn't have done it\"\", Jean said in the DVD commentary for the episode. Cletus' cousin Dia-Betty is loosely based on Darlene Cates' character Bonnie Grape in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\". During the boat chase when Wiggum pursues Homer for the sugar cargo (narrowly avoiding two boats transporting a huge glass pane and a mother and child riding a combined jet ski-stroller), the Miami Vice Theme is played. Before he agrees to hand the sugar cargo to Motherloving, Homer demands that he gets to see an Oompa Loompa, a character",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "17104363",
"chunk_text": "\"Marcella Lowery\"\nin \"\"The Preacher's Wife\"\" and guest-starred in four episodes of \"\"Law & Order\"\". She is most recently known for portraying Donovan McNabb's mother in Campbell's Chunky Soup commercials. Lowery has also appeared on the commercials for Colonial Penn. Marcella Lowery Marcella Lowery (born April 27, 1946) is an American actress. Marcella Lowery is known for her roles as Geoffrey Owens' mother, Francine Tibideaux, on \"\"The Cosby Show\"\", Jamal Jenkins' grandmother on \"\"Ghostwriter\"\" from 1992 to 1995, Anna Eldridge in the 1996 film, \"\"The Preacher's Wife\"\" and as Principal Karen Noble on the NBC sitcom \"\"City Guys\"\". Lowery was born in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "14412432",
"chunk_text": "\"Tracy Griffith\"\nTracy Griffith Tracy Lee Griffith (born October 19, 1961) is an American actress and professional sushi chef. Griffith was raised in Bedford, New York, the daughter of actor/producer Peter Griffith and model/actress Nanita Greene. Her younger brother is Clay Griffith, who became a production designer and set decorator. She is the half-sister of actress Melanie Griffith, daughter of their father and his first wife. In the early 1970s, she moved with her family to Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Her parents separated in 1976. Griffith attended a boarding school in Maryland, graduating in 1979, and went on to spend two",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "17815247",
"chunk_text": "\"Mom (season 1)\"\nBonnie Plunkett (Allison Janney) is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict, as well as her 17-year-old daughter Violet (Sadie Calvano), who was born when Christy was 17, has become pregnant by her boyfriend Luke (Spencer Daniels). Christy also has a younger son Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by her ex-husband Baxter (Matt Jones), a deadbeat drug-dealer. Other prominent characters in the series include the manager of Rustic Fig, Gabriel (Nate Corddry) and the head chef, Rudy (French Stewart). The episodes are usually titled with two odd topics that are mentioned in that episode. Season one of \"\"Mom\"\" consisted of 22",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20831484",
"chunk_text": "\"Eating (film)\"\ntriple-birthday party where Martine films the events with her movie camera and the shocking secrets revealed by Helene's mother Whitney, and her younger sister Nancy whom confide in their interviews about their obsession with food, and their roles in life. Eating (film) Eating is a 1990 American comedy-drama film starring Nelly Alard, Lisa Blake Richards, Frances Bergen, Mary Crosby, Gwen Welles, Elizabeth Kemp, Marina Gregory and written and directed by Henry Jaglom. Set entirely inside and around a spacious house in Los Angeles with an all-female cast, Helene is a woman turning 40 years old and her friends, whom include",
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"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nword. Arnie also runs out and goes to Becky's, who takes care of him for the evening until he is picked up by his sisters. After some soul searching aided by Becky, Gilbert returns home during the birthday party to make amends to his family for running out and to be forgiven by Arnie which, with only the slightest hesitation, he is. He apologizes to his mother for his behavior and promises that he is not ashamed of her and that he will not let her be hurt any more. She admits to Gilbert her knowledge of what a burden",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "2541030",
"chunk_text": "\"Shirl Bernheim\"\nShirl Bernheim Shirl Bernheim (September 21, 1921 in Manhattan, New York City – March 30, 2009 in Englewood, New Jersey) was an American actress of film and television. She was born as Shirley Raphael and made her sole appearance on Broadway in her debut in 2000, aged 79, in \"\"The Tale of the Allergist's Wife\"\", in which she played \"\"Frieda\"\", the mother of the lead character (played by Linda Lavin and Valerie Harper, consecutively). Bernheim appeared in the play from October 12, 2000 until May 26, 2002. Starting late in the industry, using her married name as her professional name,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_id": "14815911",
"chunk_text": "\"Julie Bowen\"\nJulie Bowen Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer (born March 3, 1970), known professionally as Julie Bowen, is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Aunt Gwen on \"\"Dawson's Creek\"\" (2000), Carol Vessey on \"\"Ed\"\" (2000–04), Denise Bauer on \"\"Boston Legal\"\" (2005–07), Sarah Shephard on \"\"Lost\"\" (2005–07), and Claire Dunphy on the comedy \"\"Modern Family\"\" (since 2009). The last earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (2010–2015), winning in 2011 and 2012. Bowen has also appeared in films such as \"\"Happy Gilmore\"\" (1996), \"\"Multiplicity\"\" (1996), \"\"Venus and Mars\"\" (2001),",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "15055034",
"chunk_text": "\"Tina Lifford\"\nTina Lifford Tina Lifford is an American actress and playwright. She is best known for her leading role as single mother Joan Mosley in the critically acclaimed but short-lived Fox comedy-drama series, \"\"South Central\"\" (1994), and her recurring role as Renee Trussell in the NBC drama series, \"\"Parenthood\"\" (2010-2015). She has starring roles in the feature films \"\"Grand Canyon\"\" (1991), \"\"Blood Work\"\" (2002), and \"\"Hostage\"\" (2005). In 2016, Lifford began starring as Violet Bordelon (Aunt Vi) in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, \"\"Queen Sugar\"\". Lifford graduated from the University of Santa Monica. She began her career in 1980s, appearing",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "15768505",
"chunk_text": "\"Daniele Gaither\"\nYvoone Criddle, a middle aged woman who openly acknowledges her own sociopathic behavior yet simultaneously appears to be oblivious to its perversity. Gaither portrayed offbeat impersonations of celebrities, which included Condoleezza Rice, Eve, La La, and Tyra Banks. Gaither was released from \"\"MADtv\"\" by FOX in June 2006. Gaither is a lifelong vegetarian and animal lover, and was one of the 180 celebrities nominated for PETA’s 2004 \"\"World’s Sexiest Vegetarians\"\", which Alicia Silverstone won. She also recently co-hosted the \"\"2003 Rotten Jellyfish awards\"\" with fellow Groundling Jennifer Coolidge. Daniele Gaither Daniele Gaither (born September 6, 1970) is an American comic",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15863394",
"chunk_text": "\"Jane Carr\"\n2008, she voiced the character of Grandma Winifred Fletcher in the American Disney animated television series \"\"Phineas and Ferb\"\". She also voiced Lady Cecelia in Familias Regnant universe Heris Serrano trilogy graphic audio book. She also provides the voice of Cosmo's mother Mama Cosma in the Nickelodeon animated series \"\"The Fairly OddParents\"\". Jane Carr Ellen Jane Carr (born 13 August 1950) is an English actress. She is well known for the voice role of \"\"Pud'n\"\" on the animated \"\"The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy\"\" (US, 2001–2007). She also played a character called \"\"Pudding\"\" in the Jilly Cooper-penned BBC sitcom",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
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"chunk_id": "4983370",
"chunk_text": "\"Sara Gilbert\"\nannounced that she and Adler had separated amicably. Following the breakup, Gilbert began a relationship with songwriter, music producer and former 4 Non Blondes frontwoman Linda Perry. Gilbert announced their engagement in April 2013, and the pair married on March 30, 2014. Gilbert gave birth to their son, Rhodes Emilio Gilbert Perry, on February 28, 2015. Sara Gilbert Sara Gilbert (born Sara Rebecca Abeles; January 29, 1975) is an American actress, best known for her role as Darlene Conner on the ABC sitcom \"\"Roseanne\"\" (1988–1997; 2018), for which she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. She is also co-host and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16411007",
"chunk_text": "\"Bea Arthur\"\nBea Arthur Beatrice Arthur (born Bernice Frankel; May 13, 1922 – April 25, 2009) was an American actress, comedian, singer, Marine, and animal rights activist. Arthur began her career on stage in 1947 and made her Broadway debut in \"\"The Threepenny Opera\"\" in 1954. She won the 1966 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for playing Vera Charles in \"\"Mame\"\". She went on to play Maude Findlay on the 1970s sitcoms \"\"All in the Family\"\" (1971–72) and \"\"Maude\"\" (1972–78), and Dorothy Zbornak on the 1980s sitcom \"\"The Golden Girls\"\" (1985–92), winning Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "11039317",
"chunk_text": "\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\nperformance has a sharp, desperate intensity from beginning to end.\"\" Roger Ebert of \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\" described it as \"\"… one of the most enchanting films of the year\"\" and said that DiCaprio deserved to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for which he was nominated. Todd McCarthy of \"\"Variety\"\" found the film a \"\"bemused view on life\"\" and remarked that \"\"Depp manages to command center screen with a greatly affable, appealing characterization.\"\" \"\"The Washington Post\"\"s Desson Howe thought the film was an earnest but highly predictable effort. \"\"Film Review\"\" praised Leonardo DiCaprio as the mentally handicapped brother, calling",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4437316",
"chunk_text": "\"Sylvia Miles\"\n1989 comedy \"\"She-Devil\"\", in which she played the mother of Meryl Streep's character. In a New York restaurant in 1973, Miles publicly dumped a plate of food onto critic John Simon's head for his negative comments about her in a film review. Miles has been less active since 1999, with a few roles on television such as \"\"Sex and the City\"\" and \"\"One Life to Live\"\", and in the films \"\"Go Go Tales\"\" and \"\"\"\". On May 30, 2014, it was reported that Miles had been hospitalized with anemia. Sylvia Miles Sylvia Miles (born September 9, 1924) is an American",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13596154",
"chunk_text": "\"Rebecca De Mornay\"\nRebecca De Mornay Rebecca De Mornay (born Rebecca Jane Pearch; August 29, 1959) is an American actress and producer. Her breakthrough film role came in 1983, when she starred as Lana in \"\"Risky Business\"\". She is also known for her portrayals of Sara in \"\"Runaway Train\"\" (1985), Thelma in \"\"The Trip to Bountiful\"\" (1985), Helen McCaffrey in \"\"Backdraft\"\" (1991), and Peyton Flanders in \"\"The Hand That Rocks the Cradle\"\" (1992). Her other film credits include \"\"The Three Musketeers\"\" (1993), \"\"Never Talk to Strangers\"\" (1995), \"\"Identity\"\" (2003), \"\"Lords of Dogtown\"\"; \"\"Wedding Crashers\"\" (both 2005), and \"\"Mother's Day\"\" (2010). On television, she",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "10453651",
"chunk_text": "\"Adrienne King\"\nfilm \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" (1984), having been acquainted to the stunt coordinator Cliff Cudney. She subsequently relocated to London, where she enrolled at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, studying voice and dance. Upon finishing her studies, she returned to the United States, settling in Los Angeles, where she met her husband, Richard Hassanein, the founder of United Film Distribution. Reluctant to appear onscreen, King reemerged doing voice acting and ADR work, first for Mel Gibson's \"\"The Man Without a Face\"\", and the Lasse Hallström-directed drama \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape?\"\" (both 1993). She continued to provide voice work for numerous Hollywood productions",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "3911203",
"chunk_text": "\"Miriam Flynn\"\ncharacter's mother, Jean; as Poil in \"\"The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper\"\"; and in \"\"Family Guy\"\" as well as Rudy's mother, Millie Tabootie on the Nickelodeon show, \"\"ChalkZone\"\" and Aunt Vera on the Cartoon Network show, \"\"Ben 10\"\". Her best known film role is as Cousin Catherine in \"\"National Lampoon's Vacation\"\" (1983), \"\"National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation\"\" (1989), \"\"Vegas Vacation\"\" (1997) and \"\"\"\" (2003). Her other acting roles include \"\"First Family\"\" (1980), \"\"National Lampoon's Class Reunion\"\" (1982), \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" (1983), \"\"For Keeps\"\" (1988), \"\"18 Again!\"\" (1988), \"\"Stealing Home\"\" (1988), \"\"Lonely Hearts\"\" (1991), \"\"Evolution\"\" (2001), \"\"Wieners\"\" (2008), \"\"About Fifty\"\" (2011) and \"\"\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_id": "10628890",
"chunk_text": "\"Marion Ross\"\nMarion Ross Marion Ross (born October 25, 1928) is a retired American actress. Her best-known role is that of Marion Cunningham on the ABC television sitcom \"\"Happy Days\"\", on which she starred from 1974 to 1984 and received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. Before her success on \"\"Happy Days\"\", Ross appeared in a variety of film roles, appearing in \"\"The Glenn Miller Story\"\" (1954), \"\"Sabrina\"\" (1954), \"\"Lust for Life\"\" (1956), \"\"Teacher's Pet\"\" (1958), \"\"Some Came Running\"\" (1958), \"\"Operation Petticoat\"\" (1959), and \"\"Honky\"\" (1971), as well as several minor television roles, one of which was on television’s \"\"The Lone Ranger\"\" (1954).",
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "17138413",
"chunk_text": "\"Frances Foster\"\nGertie Vinson, a neighbor of the Evans family who was forced to eat dog food in the episode \"\"The Dinner Party\"\". She died in Fairfax, Virginia, from cerebral hemorrhage, June 17, 1997, aged 73. Frances Foster Frances Helen Foster (née Brown; June 11, 1924 – June 17, 1997) was an American film, television and stage actress. In addition to being an actress, Brown was also an award–winning stage director. Foster was born Frances Helen Brown in Yonkers, New York, the daughter of George H., a postal worker, and Helen E. Brown. She studied acting at American Theater Wing in Manhattan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19623022",
"chunk_text": "\"Wendy Schaal\"\nWendy Schaal Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice-over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as \"\"Innerspace\"\", \"\"The 'Burbs\"\" and \"\"Small Soldiers\"\". Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy \"\"American Dad!\"\" Schaal was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Lois ( Treacy) and actor Richard Schaal (1928–2014). She is the former stepdaughter of actress Valerie Harper. Schaal was married to Stephen M. Schwartz on September 4, 1977, but divorced in October 1987. They have two sons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1744203",
"chunk_text": "\"Eve Karpf\"\nEve Karpf Eve Karpf (born 2 August 1947) is a British actress and voice-over actress. Among her roles was the voice of Weed for the 2000 \"\"Bill and Ben\"\" reboot. She was a voice of Dennis' mum, Matilda in the 1996 \"\"Dennis the Menace\"\" television series, Mrs. Bird in \"\"The Adventures of Paddington Bear\"\" and The Voice in Trapped!. Karpf also featured in several audiobooks, among them \"\"A Creepy Company\"\" who was praised as being \"\"a marvelous performer whose storytelling talents keep the listener spellbound.\"\" She is known for being the voice of the Ferrero Rocher commercial line, \"\"Monsieur, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18828334",
"chunk_text": "\"Ricki Lake\"\nSusan Tyrrell), \"\"Cecil B. Demented\"\" (with Melanie Griffith and Stephen Dorff), and \"\"Serial Mom\"\" (with Kathleen Turner and Sam Waterston). She starred in \"\"Mrs. Winterbourne\"\" with Shirley MacLaine and Brendan Fraser, \"\"Cabin Boy\"\", \"\"Last Exit to Brooklyn\"\", \"\"Cookie\"\", and \"\"Inside Monkey Zetterland\"\". She joined the cast of the Vietnam War drama series \"\"China Beach\"\" as a Red Cross volunteer, Holly \"\"the Donut Dolly\"\" Pelegrino, for the show's third season. She also had a recurring role on the CBS sitcom \"\"The King of Queens\"\" as Doug's sister Stephanie. She guest-starred on television series including \"\"Drop Dead Diva\"\" and a voice role",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6935182",
"chunk_text": "\"Beverly Garland\"\nMarya Stone in the episode \"\"What Did She Mean By Good Luck?\"\" on \"\"The Eleventh Hour\"\". She appeared in a season-one episode, \"\"Smoke Screen\"\", of \"\"The Fugitive\"\". In the 1964–1965 television season, she co-starred as Ellie Collins on \"\"The Bing Crosby Show\"\". She appeared in the 1968 feature film \"\"Pretty Poison\"\" but is best known for playing suburban mothers on \"\"My Three Sons\"\" and \"\"Scarecrow and Mrs. King\"\". Garland was featured on \"\"Remington Steele\"\" as the mother of Laura Holt (played by series star Stephanie Zimbalist). Her decades of television guest appearances include appearances on episodes of \"\"Twilight Zone\"\", \"\"Kung",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10084119",
"chunk_text": "\"Beah Richards\"\nis about Richards and others. Beah Richards Beulah Elizabeth Richardson (July 12, 1920 – September 14, 2000), known professionally as Beah Richards, was an American actress of stage, screen, and television. She was also a poet, playwright, and author. Richards was nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe for her supporting role in the film \"\"Guess Who's Coming to Dinner\"\" in 1968, as well as winning two Primetime Emmy Awards for her guest roles in the television series \"\"Frank's Place\"\" in 1988 and \"\"The Practice\"\" in 2000. She also received a Tony Award nomination for her performance in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17850101",
"chunk_text": "\"Geena Davis\"\nGeena Davis Virginia Elizabeth \"\"Geena\"\" Davis (born January 21, 1956) is an American actress, film producer, writer, former model, and former archer. She is known for her roles in \"\"The Fly\"\" (1986), \"\"Beetlejuice\"\" (1988), \"\"The Accidental Tourist\"\" (1988), \"\"Thelma & Louise\"\" (1991), \"\"A League of Their Own\"\" (1992), \"\"The Long Kiss Goodnight\"\" (1996), and \"\"Stuart Little\"\" (1999). For her performance in \"\"The Accidental Tourist\"\", she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, and for \"\"Thelma & Louise\"\", she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress along with her co-star Susan Sarandon. In 2005, Davis won the Golden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13670781",
"chunk_text": "\"Leonardo DiCaprio\"\n400 young actors to play the lead role in \"\"This Boy's Life\"\" adapted from Tobias Wolff's memoir of the same name. He played opposite De Niro, who was acting as his stepfather, and Ellen Barkin as his mother. The film was directed by Michael Caton-Jones and released in 1993. In 1993, DiCaprio co-starred as the mentally handicapped brother of Johnny Depp's character in \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\", a comic-tragic odyssey of a dysfunctional Iowa family. Director Lasse Hallström admitted he was initially looking for a less good-looking actor but finally settled on DiCaprio as he had emerged as \"\"the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2582076",
"chunk_text": "\"Jessica Kardos\"\nJessica Kardos Jessica Kardos (born January 23, 1977) is a Canadian voice actress and production coordinator, who is most noted for playing Sue Ellen Armstrong on \"\"Arthur\"\" since 2005, and in \"\"Postcards from Buster\"\". She was the 3D production coordinator for the television series \"\"Tripping the Rift\"\", having previously been its assistant production coordinator and 3D assistant coordinator as well as voicing several characters. She is also the voice of Max in the English version of \"\"Kid Paddle\"\", and Jen Larkin in \"\"What's with Andy?\"\", and has guested as a voice on \"\"Zoboomafoo\"\", \"\"Fred's Head\"\", \"\"Mona the Vampire\"\", \"\"Caillou\"\", and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_646
|
when does the second part of vikings season 4 start?
|
n/a
|
[
"November 30, 2016"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "18273377",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 4)\"\nVikings (season 4) The fourth season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 18, 2016 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The fourth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 30, 2016. The season follows the battles between Ragnar and Rollo",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18273381",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 4)\"\nperformed by Hilda Örvarsdóttir. The track was released as a single on October 20, 2017 together with a second version solely performed by Selvik. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 92% approval rating, with an average rating of 8.3/10 based on twelve reviews. Vikings (season 4) The fourth season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 18, 2016 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12700224",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 5)\"\nVikings (season 5) The fifth season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on November 29, 2017 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The fifth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes, split into two parts of ten episodes; the second half premiered on November 28, 2018. The premise of the fifth season differs from the",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18273378",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 4)\"\nin Francia, Bjorn's raid into the Mediterranean, and the Viking invasion of England. It concluded in its entirety on February 1, 2017. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"\"Vikings\"\" is an Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The fourth season was developed and produced by Octagon Films for the first sixteen episodes, TM Productions for the last four episodes, and Take 5 Productions. Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first eight and for the last four episodes, and Sanne Wohlenberg for the ninth",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11682100",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 2)\"\nVikings (season 2) The second season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 27, 2014 on History in Canada, and concluded on May 1, 2014, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The second season follows Ragnar's struggles with rival Vikings and his rise from Earl to King. The Vikings raid further into England, and for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11682104",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 2)\"\non 11 reviews, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Vikings (season 2) The second season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 27, 2014 on History in Canada, and concluded on May 1, 2014, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The second season follows Ragnar's struggles with rival Vikings and his rise from Earl to King. The Vikings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5094179",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (2013 TV series)\"\nsons, and their adventures in England, Scandinavia and the Mediterranean. On March 17, 2016, History renewed \"\"Vikings\"\" for a fifth season of 20 episodes, which premiered on November 29, 2017. On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth-season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season, which will consist of 20 episodes. The series is inspired by the tales of the Norsemen of early medieval Scandinavia. It broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, family and descendants, as notably laid down in the 13th-century sagas \"\"Ragnars saga Loðbrókar\"\" and \"\"Ragnarssona þáttr\"\", as",
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"chunk_id": "19243186",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (2013 TV series)\"\nepisodes. In the UK, \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on May 24, 2013, where it was exclusively available on the streaming video-on-demand service LoveFilm. The second season premiered on March 24, 2015. The third season began airing on February 20, 2015, on Amazon Video. In Australia, the series premiered on August 8, 2013, on SBS One. It was later moved to FX, which debuted the second season on February 4, 2015. Season three of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on March 19, 2015. Season four of Vikings began broadcasting in Australia on SBS One on February 24, 2016. The first",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18273379",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 4)\"\nto sixteenth episodes. Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney act as co-producers. The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Joan Bergin, visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane, stunt action designers Franklin Henson and Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris, production designer Mark Geraghty, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, fourth, seventh, fifteenth and eighteenth episodes, Christopher Donaldson for the second, fifth and eighth episodes, Tad Seaborn for the third, sixth, ninth, eleventh, thirteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth episodes, and Don Cassidy for the tenth, twelfth, fourteenth, seventeenth and twentieth episodes, and cinematographers Pj Dillon for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "1367799",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (2013 TV series)\"\none of Oleg's successors, Vladimir the Great, Prince of Novgorod. Katheryn Winnick, who portrays Lagertha in the show, will direct one of the Season 6 episodes. \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on March 3, 2013, in Canada and the United States. \"\"Vikings\"\" was renewed for a fourth season in March 2015 with an extended order of 20 episodes, which premiered on February 18, 2016. On March 17, 2016, History renewed \"\"Vikings\"\" for a fifth season of 20 episodes, which premiered on November 29, 2017. On September 12, 2017, ahead of its fifth-season premiere, the series was renewed for a sixth season of 20",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12700231",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 5)\"\n10. Entertainent Weekly gave the episode an \"\"A\"\". In \"\"A Simple Story\"\", Aethelred is portrayed rejecting the throne in favour of his younger brother Alfred. In history, after the death of Aethelwulf three of Alfred's elder brothers ruled, for two, five and six years respectively, all dying before Alfred took the throne in 871. Writing in Forbes Magazine, Erik Kain described the storyline as \"\"just a huge unforced error\"\". Vikings (season 5) The fifth season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on November 29, 2017 on History in Canada. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2728511",
"chunk_text": "\"Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)\"\nFear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Fear the Walking Dead\"\", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to \"\"The Walking Dead\"\", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The season follows a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13224970",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 3)\"\nVikings (season 3) The third season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada, and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of ten episodes. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793. The third season follows the development of Ragnar's family, and the Vikings as they become more entwined in English affairs, and also begin to raid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2728520",
"chunk_text": "\"Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)\"\neven more depressing.\"\" Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Fear the Walking Dead\"\", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to \"\"The Walking Dead\"\", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18499696",
"chunk_text": "\"Reign (season 4)\"\nReign (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Reign\"\", an American historical fantasy, premiered on February 10, 2017. The series, created by Stephanie SenGupta and Laurie McCarthy, airs on The CW. On December 7, 2016 the CW announced that this would be the final season and would consist of 16 episodes. The season has Mary returned to Scotland and trying to regain power in her homeland. She has to manage her allies, such as her bastard half-brother James and the outspoken Lord Bothwell, as well as her enemies, such as the Protestant preacher John Knox. Tensions mount between Mary and Elizabeth,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2527331",
"chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 4)\"\nearned $686,000 in its opening day at the box office and $1.5 million during its opening weekend. The one-week release grossed $1,896,092. The fourth season of \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was the most-pirated TV series in 2014. Game of Thrones (season 4) The fourth season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered in the United States on HBO on April 6, 2014, and concluded on June 15, 2014. It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes. The season is adapted primarily from the second half",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1367792",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (2013 TV series)\"\nKen Girotti each directed three episodes. The production team included cinematographer John Bartley, costume designer Joan Bergin, production designer Tom Conroy, composer Trevor Morris and Irish choir Crux Vocal Ensemble, directed by Paul McGough. On April 5, 2013, History renewed Vikings for a ten-episode second season. Jeff Woolnough and Kari Skogland joined Ken Girotti and Ciaran Donnelly as directors of the second season. Two new series regulars were announced on June 11, 2013. Alexander Ludwig, portraying the teenage Björn, and Linus Roache, playing King Ecbert of Wessex. The second season undergoes a jump in time, aging the young Björn (Nathan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6026012",
"chunk_text": "\"The Shannara Chronicles\"\nNetwork). The second season premiered on October 11, 2017, and concluded November 22, 2017. On January 16, 2018, it was announced that the series had been cancelled after two seasons and that the producers are shopping the series to other networks. Season one of \"\"The Shannara Chronicles\"\" roughly follows the storylines set out in \"\"The Elfstones of Shannara\"\", set in the fictional Four Lands. As the series opens, demons start to return after being banished from this world to a place known as the Forbidding—locked by an ancient tree called the Ellcrys. The series chronicles the journey of Wil, Amberle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5509792",
"chunk_text": "\"Empire (season 4)\"\nweek basis until disaster strikes. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Empire (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Empire\"\" premiered on September 27, 2017, in the United States on Fox. The fourth season was ordered on January 11, 2017, consisting of eighteen episodes. The show is produced by 20th Century Fox Television, in association with Imagine Entertainment, Lee Daniels Entertainment, Danny Strong Productions and Little Chicken Inc. The showrunners for this season are Ilene Chaiken, Danny Strong and Lee Daniels. The season airs on Wednesday at 8:00 pm, a new slot. The premiere of the season had also a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4872183",
"chunk_text": "\"Norsemen (TV series)\"\nservice in August 2017 under the name \"\"Norsemen\"\", and season two was made available in October 2018. Season two was filmed in early 2017. The show has been renewed for season 3. The first season won the Gullruten award in 2017 for Best Comedy Show, and it was also nominated for Best Sound Production (Peter Clausen and Erling Rein). Norsemen is a show taking place in 790s Norway with various characters playing the leading role as the series develops. The story covers the life of Vikings in the town of Norheim and them dealing with day to day life and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5509790",
"chunk_text": "\"Empire (season 4)\"\nEmpire (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Empire\"\" premiered on September 27, 2017, in the United States on Fox. The fourth season was ordered on January 11, 2017, consisting of eighteen episodes. The show is produced by 20th Century Fox Television, in association with Imagine Entertainment, Lee Daniels Entertainment, Danny Strong Productions and Little Chicken Inc. The showrunners for this season are Ilene Chaiken, Danny Strong and Lee Daniels. The season airs on Wednesday at 8:00 pm, a new slot. The premiere of the season had also a crossover with other Lee Daniels-created Fox series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11682102",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 2)\"\nproduction designers Tom Conroy for the first to sixth episodes, and Mark Geraghty for the seventh to tenth episodes, editors Aaron Marshall for the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth episodes, and Don Cassidy for the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth episodes, and cinematographer Pj Dillon. The musical score for the second season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik, Steve Tavaglione and Brian Kilgore. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song \"\"If I Had a Heart\"\" by Fever Ray. The soundtrack was released on June 13, 2014 by Sony Classical Records. Additional non-original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18273380",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 4)\"\nfirst eight and last four episodes, and Owen McPolin for the ninth to sixteenth episodes. The musical score for the fourth season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik. The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song \"\"If I Had a Heart\"\" by Fever Ray. Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes \"\"In the Uncertain Hour Before the Morning\"\" and \"\"Crossings\"\". The featured tracks are \"\"Bjarkan\"\", \"\"Laukr\"\" and \"\"Algir — Tognatale\"\". The episode \"\"All His Angels\"\" also features an original song titled \"\"Snake Pit Poetry\"\", written by Einar Selvik and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2268578",
"chunk_text": "\"Breathe (Better Call Saul)\"\nBreathe (Better Call Saul) \"\"Breathe\"\" is the second episode of the fourth season of the AMC television series \"\"Better Call Saul\"\", the spinoff series of \"\"Breaking Bad\"\". The episode aired on August 13, 2018 on AMC in the United States. Jimmy is determined to find a job, but Kim advises him to take his time and not place too much pressure on himself. Jimmy interviews for a sales position at Neff Copiers, during which he notices a collection of Hummel figurines among their sales awards, one of which is a valuable Alpine Shepherd Boy. The owners seem dismissive of Jimmy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4654911",
"chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 4)\"\nGame of Thrones (season 4) The fourth season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered in the United States on HBO on April 6, 2014, and concluded on June 15, 2014. It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes. The season is adapted primarily from the second half of \"\"A Storm of Swords\"\", along with elements of \"\"A Feast for Crows\"\" and \"\"A Dance with Dragons\"\", all novels from the \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series by George R. R. Martin. The series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10719752",
"chunk_text": "\"All His Angels\"\nPerkins gave the episode a \"\"B+\"\" rating. All His Angels \"\"All His Angels\"\" is the fifteenth episode of the fourth season of History's historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\", and the 44th episode of the series. Directed by Ciarán Donnelly and written by Michael Hirst, it aired on December 28, 2016. The episode stars Travis Fimmel, Katheryn Winnick, John Kavanagh, Moe Dunford, Alex Høgh, David Lindström, Jordan Patrick Smith, and Linus Roache. Clive Standen, Gustaf Skarsgård, Alexander Ludwig, and Alyssa Sutherland also appear in archive footage. It received wide critical acclaim, particularly for Fimmel's performance, and it was nominated for a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8166987",
"chunk_text": "\"Legion (season 2)\"\nof the \"\"X-Men\"\" film actors (Patrick Stewart or James McAvoy) reprising that role for the show since he felt incorporating elements directly from the films \"\"too quickly\"\" was \"\"cheating on some level\"\", rather than telling his own standalone story first. The Shi'ar alien race are mentioned in the season, ahead of their film introduction in the 2019 \"\"X-Men\"\" film \"\"Dark Phoenix\"\". The season began airing on FX on April 3, 2018, and is set to run for eleven episodes. Hawley had previously said, in March 2017, that he expected the season to begin airing in February 2018. Footage from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20532081",
"chunk_text": "\"Salamander (TV series)\"\nuntil five years later. The second series is subtitled \"\"Blood Diamonds\"\" and was first broadcast on 7 January 2018. BBC Four broadcast from 14 April 2018. Jonkhere, a small private bank in Brussels, is robbed and 66 safe deposit boxes belonging to a number of the most prominent public figures in Belgium are cleaned out. The owners want to keep the thefts under wraps, presumably to avoid scandal. Police Inspector Paul Gerardi (Filip Peeters) carries out the investigation. He discovers the connection; that the victims are members of a secret organisation called Salamander. This is a cabal of the country's",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13224974",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 3)\"\ntrack \"\"Battle for the Hill of the Ash\"\", which plays in the episode \"\"Warrior's Fate\"\", while the song \"\"Howl\"\" is featured in the episode \"\"The Dead\"\". The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating, with an average rating of 8/10 based on eleven reviews. On Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, it scored 81 out of 100, based on seven reviews, indicating \"\"universal acclaim\"\". Vikings (season 3) The third season of the historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\" premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada, and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of ten episodes. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17541223",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 1)\"\nVikings (season 1) \"\"Vikings\"\" is a historical drama television series, written and created by Michael Hirst for the television channel History. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season premiered on March 3, 2013 in Canada and concluded on April 28, 2013, consisting of nine episodes. It begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793, and follows Ragnar's quest to become Earl, and his desire to raid England. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, \"\"Vikings\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11996261",
"chunk_text": "\"Gotham (season 4)\"\nstars as Gordon, alongside Donal Logue, David Mazouz, Morena Baccarin, Sean Pertwee, Robin Lord Taylor, Erin Richards, Camren Bicondova, Cory Michael Smith, Jessica Lucas, Chris Chalk, Drew Powell, Crystal Reed and Alexander Siddig. The fourth season premiered on September 21, 2017, on Fox, while the second half premiered on March 1, 2018. The season concluded on May 17, 2018. The season received positive reviews from critics and audiences, who cited the character development, writing and action sequences as highlights of the season, with some calling it the best season yet. The premiere was watched by 3.21 million viewers with a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1367795",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (2013 TV series)\"\nthe third season as a shaman. Michael Hirst announced plans for the fourth season before the third season had begun airing. The fourth season began production around the Dublin area in April 2015. Finnish actors Peter Franzén and Jasper Pääkkönen, as well as Canadian actress Dianne Doan joined the cast of the fourth season. Franzén played Norwegian King Harald Finehair, a potential rival to Ragnar. Pääkkönen was cast as Halfdan the Black, Finehair's brother. Doan portrays Yidu, a Chinese character who has a major role in the first half of the fourth season. Toronto Blue Jays player Josh Donaldson is",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "1173718",
"chunk_text": "\"The Four: Battle for Stardom\"\nand Zhavia. The second season of \"\"The Four\"\" premiered on June 7, 2018, and concluded on August 2, 2018. The first members of \"\"The Four\"\" were announced on May 9, 2018. They included Carvena Jones, James Graham, Sharaya J, and Stephanie Zelaya. Following eight episodes, James Graham was announced as the winner of the season, with Sharaya J as the runner-up. Leah Jenea and Whitney Reign were finalists. Runner-up Sharaya J remained undefeated throughout the entirety of the season. The first season of \"\"The Four\"\" was Fox's most watched and highest-rated new unscripted series in nearly four years. The Four:",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13224973",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 3)\"\ntracks—which were not included in the soundtrack release—are \"\"Helvegen\"\", \"\"Løyndomsriss\"\", \"\"Heimta Thurs\"\", \"\"Algir — Tognatale\"\", \"\"Rotlaust Tre Fell\"\", \"\"Sowelu\"\", \"\"IwaR\"\", \"\"IngwaR\"\" and \"\"Ár var alda\"\". Two additional pieces not included in the album are Selvik's original songs \"\"Voluspá\"\"—featured in \"\"Born Again\"\", just before the score track \"\"Floki Appears to Kill Athelstan\"\"—and \"\"Heljarlokk\"\", written by Selvik and Lindy-Fay Hella and featured in \"\"The Dead\"\". \"\"Voluspá\"\" was released as a single by Wardruna on November 9, 2018. Pre-existing music by Canadian throat singer Tanya Tagaq is also featured in this season's soundtrack; the vocals in Tagaq's \"\"Uja\"\" are contained in the score",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "2427152",
"chunk_text": "\"Talking with Chris Hardwick\"\nHardwick's own The Nerdist Podcast following its broadcast airing. The series premiered on AMC on April 9, 2017, at 11:00 pm (Eastern) where it mostly airs in between seasons of \"\"The Walking Dead\"\" and \"\"Fear the Walking Dead\"\". The eight-episode second season was set to premiere on June 17, 2018. The initial lineup of guests set to appear were Chris Pratt, Bill Hader, Karen Gillan, Donald Glover, Ethan Hawke, Amy Adams, and Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg with Glover appearing in the season premiere. However, AMC pulled the show a day prior to the airing in light of allegations made",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8166971",
"chunk_text": "\"Legion (season 2)\"\nfirst season, and Navid Negahban. A second season of \"\"Legion\"\" was ordered by FX in March 2017, with filming for the season relocating from Vancouver to California, to take advantage of tax incentives. Production began in September 2017, with practical effects again a priority for the series' crew. The season features the parasitic villain Amahl Farouk / Shadow King, portrayed by Negahban, searching for his original body after being forced out of Haller's mind at the end of the first season. The season premiered in Los Angeles on April 2, 2018, before its FX debut on April 3. It ran",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "12471632",
"chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 4)\"\nIceland and Dubrovnik for filming. New locations in Croatia include Diocletian's Palace in Split, Klis Fortress north of Split, Perun quarry east of Split, Mosor mountain, and Baška Voda further down to the south. In the commentary for episode 2, \"\"The Lion and the Rose,\"\" the showrunners revealed that parts of Joffrey's death scene had been filmed in California. The Thingvellir National Park in Iceland was used as the location for the fight between Brienne and The Hound. Filming for the season lasted 136 days and was completed on November 21, 2013. The Icelandic post-rock band Sigur Rós appears in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17541227",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 1)\"\nseason outing.\"\" Vikings (season 1) \"\"Vikings\"\" is a historical drama television series, written and created by Michael Hirst for the television channel History. The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew, and later those of his sons. The first season premiered on March 3, 2013 in Canada and concluded on April 28, 2013, consisting of nine episodes. It begins at the start of the Viking Age, marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793, and follows Ragnar's quest to become Earl, and his desire to raid England. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12616623",
"chunk_text": "\"Voltron: Legendary Defender\"\n2017. The second season saw a special premiere at the New York Comic Con in October 7, 2016, where an episode was shown at the \"\"Voltron\"\" panel. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes. The fourth season premiered on October 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The series was revealed at WonderCon 2017 to have a 78-episode commitment from Netflix. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consisted of 6 episodes. The sixth season premiered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "5684573",
"chunk_text": "\"Ivan Kaye\"\nprofile. In his Twitter bio he describes himself as \"\"Villain for Hire\"\". His performances in the second part of Season 4 of \"\"Vikings\"\" have been met with increased interest as his character King Aelle is of pivotal importance in the scenes of Ragnar's death and at the centre of attention during his own execution through the blood eagle torture inflicted by Ragnar's sons in revenge for the death of their father. In an interview on his character King Aelle in September 2017 Ivan Kaye has contested the assessment of this antagonist as a villain - an assessment that had already",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12523759",
"chunk_text": "\"Modus (TV series)\"\nairing during November and December 2016. A second eight-part series, co-written in Swedish and English, was filmed in 2017, with Kim Cattrall and Greg Wise among the new cast members for this series. This series began broadcasting on TV4 on November 2, 2017, and was broadcast by BBC Four during February and March 2018. In the first series, Inger Johanne's eldest daughter, Stina, who is autistic, unwittingly witnesses a contract killing when the family attend a wedding at a local hotel. The murderer surprisingly saves Stina's life, without giving away his identity. Inger decides to return to work with police",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20519846",
"chunk_text": "\"Skam (TV series)\"\nof 789,000 people. The trailer for the fourth season, released on 7 April 2017, was watched by 900,000 people within four days. During the start of the fourth season, 1.2 million unique users had visited \"\"Skam\"\"s website, and the first episode had been watched by 317,000 people. NRK P3 editorial chief Håkon Moslet told \"\"Verdens Gang\"\" that \"\"We see that there is high traffic and high interest for season 4. Since the end of the season we have seen a pattern around viewer interest. We lie high in the first week and towards the end of the season when the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12700229",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 5)\"\nrole of Aethelred in the fifth season. Nigerian actor Stanley Amuzie told local media he had landed a small role in the fifth season. The fifth season will also include Irish actor, musician and real-life police detective, Kieran O'Reilly, who will play the role of \"\"White Hair\"\". In April 2017 it was announced that Danish actor Erik Madsen will join the cast for the fifth season, as King Hemmig. He spent several months of 2016 on the set of \"\"The Last Kingdom\"\", portraying a Viking. The musical score for the fifth season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10719740",
"chunk_text": "\"All His Angels\"\nAll His Angels \"\"All His Angels\"\" is the fifteenth episode of the fourth season of History's historical drama television series \"\"Vikings\"\", and the 44th episode of the series. Directed by Ciarán Donnelly and written by Michael Hirst, it aired on December 28, 2016. The episode stars Travis Fimmel, Katheryn Winnick, John Kavanagh, Moe Dunford, Alex Høgh, David Lindström, Jordan Patrick Smith, and Linus Roache. Clive Standen, Gustaf Skarsgård, Alexander Ludwig, and Alyssa Sutherland also appear in archive footage. It received wide critical acclaim, particularly for Fimmel's performance, and it was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Makeup for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6803896",
"chunk_text": "\"Part 2 (Twin Peaks)\"\nPart 2 (Twin Peaks) \"\"Part 2\"\", also known as \"\"The Return, Part 2\"\", is the second episode of \"\"Twin Peaks\"\"' revival series. It was written by Mark Frost and David Lynch and directed by Lynch. \"\"Part 2\"\" was broadcast on Showtime along with Part 1 on May 21, 2017, and seen by an audience of 506,000 viewers in the United States. In addition, the two episodes were shown as a feature at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival, where they received a standing ovation. The episode received mainly positive reviews. The small town of Twin Peaks, Washington, has been shocked by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8225405",
"chunk_text": "\"Fjorden Cowboys\"\n- soon becoming the most watched television program on TV2 Zebra that year. Following the success two more seasons totaling 22 episodes were ordered and filmed in 2014 and -15. In March 2016 the show was renewed for a fourth and fifth series to air in 2017 and -18. A special four-episode mini-series was filmed in 2016 and aired in November 2016. The first series received mixed reviews, with critics praising the natural and enjoyable nature of the show, but criticizing what many referred to as \"\"justification of lawbreaking and lude behavior\"\", and some critics suggesting it could be harmful",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12843546",
"chunk_text": "\"Pax Penguina\"\nwhere it's been robbed. He is then caught without the mask by the GCPD. Grady returns to Crane's house to get more toxin from Jonathan. However, he discovers Jonathan has adopted a new persona, naming himself \"\"The Scarecrow\"\" and sprays Grady with fear gas. The show was officially renewed by Fox for a fourth season on May 10, 2017. Just like the second and third seasons, the fourth season will also carry a new subtitle for the first half of the season: \"\"A Dark Knight\"\". In June 2017, John Stephens announced that the first episode of the season would be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5715773",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 2)\"\nfirst time are offered land for settlement. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> An Irish-Canadian co-production presented by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, \"\"Vikings\"\" was developed and produced by Octagon Films and Take 5 Productions. Morgan O'Sullivan, Sheila Hockin, Sherry Marsh, Alan Gasmer, James Flynn, John Weber, and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers. This season was produced by Steve Wakefield and Keith Thompson. Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney act as co-producers. The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle, costume designer Joan Bergin, visual effects supervisors Julian Parry and Dominic Remane, stunt action designers Franklin Henson and Richard Ryan, composer Trevor Morris,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11682103",
"chunk_text": "\"Vikings (season 2)\"\nmusic by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes \"\"Eye For an Eye\"\", \"\"Blood Eagle\"\", \"\"Boneless\"\" and \"\"The Lord's Prayer\"\". The featured tracks—which were not included in the soundtrack release—are \"\"EhwaR\"\", \"\"Algir — Tognatale\"\", \"\"Dagr\"\", \"\"Bjarkan\"\", \"\"Løyndomsriss\"\", \"\"Heimta Thurs\"\", \"\"IngwaR\"\", \"\"Solringen\"\", \"\"Helvegen\"\", \"\"Sowelu\"\" and \"\"Gibu\"\". The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 92% approval rating with an average rating of 8.2/10 based on 13 reviews. The site's consensus reads, \"\"Vikings makes up for its slow pace with captivating characters and visual appeal\"\". Metacritic which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 77 out of 100 based",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3852549",
"chunk_text": "\"Chicago Med (season 4)\"\nChicago Med (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Chicago Med\"\", an American medical drama television series with executive producer Dick Wolf, and producers Michael Brandt, Peter Jankowski and Andrew Schneider, was ordered on May 9, 2018. The season premiered on September 26, 2018 with a time slot change from Tuesday at 10:00 PM to Wednesday at 8:00 PM. The season is set to contain 22 episodes. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Having made her first appearance in the finale of season 3, Heather Headley is set to recur in season 4 as Chicago Med's new COO, Gwen Garrett. On July 23, 2018, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_647
|
when did the us stop trading with japan?
|
n/a
|
[
"1939",
"1940"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "15208255",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nin 1965 when Japan reversed its imbalance in trade with the United States and, for the first time, achieved an export surplus. Heavy American military spending in the Korean War (1950–53) and the Vietnam War (1965–73) provided a major stimulus to the Japanese economy. The United States withdrawal from Vietnam in 1975 and the end of the Vietnam War meant that the question of Japan's role in the security of East Asia and its contributions to its own defense became central topics in the dialogue between the two countries. American dissatisfaction with Japanese defense efforts began to surface in 1975",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407662",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nopposed Tokyo's expansionist policies in China and Indochina and in 1940–41 decided to stop supplying the oil Japan was using for military expansion against American allies. On July 26, 1940 the U.S. government passed the Export Control Act, cutting oil, iron and steel exports to Japan. This containment policy was seen by Washington as a warning to Japan that any further military expansion would result in further sanctions. However, Tokyo saw it as a blockade to counter Japanese military and economic strength. Accordingly, by the time the United States enforced the Export Act, Japan had stockpiled around 54 million barrels",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "1008692",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthat the island nation had been occupied by a foreign power. The San Francisco Peace Treaty, signed on September 8, 1951, marked the end of the Allied occupation, and when it went into effect on April 28, 1952, Japan was once again an independent state, and an ally of the United States. In the years after World War II, Japan's relations with the United States were placed on an equal footing for the first time at the end of the occupation by the Allied forces in April 1952. This equality, the legal basis of which was laid down in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
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},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407660",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nwas working closely with the British and the Dutch governments. When Japan seized Indochina (now Vietnam) in 1940–41, the United States, along with Australia, Britain and the Dutch government in exile, boycotted Japan via a trade embargo. They cut off 90% of Japan's oil supply, and Japan had to either withdraw from China or go to war with the US and Britain as well as China to get the oil. Under the Washington Naval treaty of 1922 and the London Naval treaty, the American navy was to be equal to the Japanese army by a ratio of 10:6. However, as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16957267",
"chunk_text": "\"Export Control Act\"\nthat its 1911 commercial treaty with Japan was not affording an appropriate level of protection to U.S. commerce in areas within or occupied by Japan. Simultaneously, Japan's position under the treaty as a most favoured nation legally prevented the adoption of retaliatory measures against Japanese commerce. When the United States gave six-month notice of its withdrawal from the treaty in July, 1939, it removed the primary legal obstacle for embargo. The embargo, which halted the shipment of material such as airplanes, parts, machine tools, and aviation gasoline, was designed to be an unfriendly act, but expanding it to include oil",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407663",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nof oil. Washington imposed a full oil embargo imposed on Japan in July 1941. American public and elite opinion—including even the isolationists—strongly opposed Japan's invasion of China in 1937. President Roosevelt imposed increasingly stringent economic sanctions intended to deprive Japan of the oil and steel, as well as dollars, it needed to continue its war in China. Japan reacted by forging an alliance with Germany and Italy in 1940, known as the Tripartite Pact, which worsened its relations with the US. In July 1941, the United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands froze all Japanese assets and cut off oil",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10530097",
"chunk_text": "\"Trade policy of Japan\"\nof the Allied Powers. Initially, the United States' main goal for post-war Japan was to demilitarize the Japanese economy. During the early phase of post-war Japan, private foreign trade had been prohibited by SCAP, and all trade was state conducted. There were restrictions to heavy industry outputs such as steel, aluminium, and copper; which limited Japan's shipbuilding, machinery, and chemical industries. Imports were only allowed when they were judged to be indispensable to the sustenance of the Japanese economy. However, the SCAP policies to Japanese industry would be quickly reversed due to Cold War politics. On August 15, 1947, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12123292",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign policy of Japan\"\nfound itself in a world preoccupied by the Cold War between East and West, in which the Soviet Union and the United States headed opposing camps. By virtue of the Treaty of Peace with Japan signed in San Francisco on September 8, 1951 (effective April 28, 1952), ending the state of war between Japan and most of the Allied powers except the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China, and the Mutual Security Assistance Pact between Japan and the United States, signed in San Francisco the same day, Japan essentially became a dependent ally of the United States, which",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "75436",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Japanese foreign relations\"\nthe objections of the anti-militarists. However, Washington envisioned a quasi-military force that would use military equipment on loan from the United States. Japan now had a small army of its own. Japan became the logistical base for the American and allied forces fighting in Korea, with a surge in orders for goods and services that jump-started the economy. The occupation culminated in the Peace Treaty of 1951, signed by Japan, the United States, and 47 other involved nations, not including the Soviet Union or either Chinese government. The occupation officially ended in April 1952. American diplomat John Foster Dulles was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008700",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nfocal points of partisan political campaigns. The situation calmed considerably when Prime Minister Sato Eisaku visited Washington in November 1969, and in a joint communiqué signed by him and President Richard Nixon, announced the United States agreement to return Okinawa to Japan in 1972. In June 1971, after eighteen months of negotiations, the two countries signed an agreement providing for the return of Okinawa to Japan in 1972. The Japanese government's firm and voluntary endorsement of the security treaty and the settlement of the Okinawa reversion question meant that two major political issues in Japan–United States relations were eliminated. But",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008693",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\npeace treaty signed by forty-eight Allied nations and Japan, was initially largely nominal. A favorable Japanese balance of payments with the United States was achieved in 1954, mainly as a result of United States military and aid spending in Japan. The Japanese people's feeling of dependence lessened gradually as the disastrous results of World War II subsided into the background and trade with the United States expanded. Self-confidence grew as the country applied its resources and organizational skill to regaining economic health. This situation gave rise to a general desire for greater independence from United States influence. During the 1950s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16035550",
"chunk_text": "\"Japanese yen\"\nfor the yen between December 7, 1941, and April 25, 1949; wartime inflation reduced the yen to a fraction of its pre-war value. After a period of instability, on April 25, 1949, the U.S. occupation government fixed the value of the yen at ¥360 per US$1 through a United States plan, which was part of the Bretton Woods System, to stabilize prices in the Japanese economy. That exchange rate was maintained until 1971, when the United States abandoned the gold standard, which had been a key element of the Bretton Woods System, and imposed a 10 percent surcharge on imports,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008718",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nof a \"\"new orthodoxy\"\" of \"\"suspicion, criticism and considerable self-justification\"\", which it said was endangering the fabric of Japan–United States relations. The relative economic power of Japan and the United States was undergoing sweeping change, especially in the 1980s. This change went well beyond the implications of the United States trade deficit with Japan, which had remained between US$40 billion and US$48 billion annually since the mid-1980s. The persisting United States trade and budget deficits of the early 1980s led to a series of decisions in the middle of the decade that brought a major realignment of the value of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16751248",
"chunk_text": "\"Nobuhiko Ushiba\"\nAffairs, a cabinet post that was created specially for him. Within two months, he negotiated and signed a major agreement easing trade tensions between the U.S. and Japan which was widely hailed. In 1978 and 1979, he led the Japanese delegation to the of GATT talks. Ushiba resigned as minister on July 31, 1979. The Japanese government immediately appointed him chair of the Japan-U.S. Economic Relations Group, a commission set up by the governments of Japan and the United States to study trade issues affecting the two nations. The commission changed its named to the Japan-U.S. Advisory Commission in 1983.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9818323",
"chunk_text": "Japan\nUnited States) repatriated millions of ethnic Japanese from colonies and military camps throughout Asia, largely eliminating the Japanese empire and restoring the independence of its conquered territories. The Allies also convened the International Military Tribunal for the Far East on May 3, 1946, to prosecute some senior generals for war crimes. In 1947, Japan adopted a new constitution emphasizing liberal democratic practices. The Allied occupation ended with the Treaty of San Francisco in 1952 and Japan was granted membership in the United Nations in 1956. Japan later achieved rapid growth to become the second-largest economy in the world, until surpassed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11690499",
"chunk_text": "\"Empire of Japan\"\nwar in Europe, Japan dispatched a Naval fleet to the Mediterranean Sea to aid Allied shipping. Japan sought further to consolidate its position in China by presenting the Twenty-One Demands to China in January 1915. In the face of slow negotiations with the Chinese government, widespread anti-Japanese sentiment in China, and international condemnation, Japan withdrew the final group of demands, and treaties were signed in May 1915. The Anglo-Japanese Alliance was renewed and expanded in scope twice, in 1905 and 1911, before its demise in 1921. It was officially terminated in 1923. After the fall of the Tsarist regime and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15208254",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthe December 1971 revaluation of the Japanese yen. These events of 1971 marked the beginning of a new stage in relations, a period of adjustment to a changing world situation that was not without episodes of strain in both political and economic spheres, although the basic relationship remained close. The political issues between the two countries were essentially security-related and derived from efforts by the United States to induce Japan to contribute more to its own defense and to regional security. The economic issues tended to stem from the ever-widening United States trade and payments deficits with Japan, which began",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9035288",
"chunk_text": "\"Tientsin incident\"\nwas winning in his talks. On 26 July 1939, the United States gave the six-month notification that it would not renew the 1911 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, which increased the amount of economic pressure the British could bring against Japan. The Roosevelt administration had carried its version of appeasement in the Far East, but actions such as the Tientsin incident had persuaded the Americans that Japan was out of control, and the United States needed to start applying economic pressure via such moves like cancelling the 1911 treaty to pressure the Japanese to stop challenging the existing international order",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9818321",
"chunk_text": "Japan\nfollowing international condemnation of this occupation, it quit the League of Nations in 1933. In 1936, Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact with Germany and the 1940 Tripartite Pact made it one of the Axis Powers. The Empire of Japan invaded other parts of China in 1937, precipitating the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). The Imperial Japanese Army swiftly captured the capital Nanjing and conducted the Nanjing Massacre. In 1940, the Empire invaded French Indochina, after which the United States placed an oil embargo on Japan. On December 7–8, 1941, Japanese forces carried out surprise attacks on Pearl Harbor, British forces in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4938639",
"chunk_text": "\"Trade policy of Japan\"\n1973 plunged the balance of trade into deficit, and in 1974 the deficit reached US$6.6 billion. With strong export growth, however, this was reversed to a surplus of US$2.4 billion in 1976. The surplus reached a record US$18.2 billion in 1978, promoting considerable tension between the United States and Japan. In 1979 petroleum prices jumped again, and Japan's trade balance again turned to deficit, reaching US$10.7 billion in 1980. Once again, rapid export growth and stagnant imports returned Japan quickly to surplus by 1981. For the next five years, Japan's trade surplus grew explosively, to a peak of US$82.7 billion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4938638",
"chunk_text": "\"Trade policy of Japan\"\nchronic trade deficit ended in 1965, and by 1969, with a positive balance of almost US$1 billion, Japan was widely regarded as a surplus trading nation. In 1971 the surplus reached US$4.3 billion, and its rapid increase was a main factor behind the United States decision to devalue the dollar and pressure Japan to revalue the yen—events that led quickly to the end of the Bretton Woods System of fixed exchange rates. By 1972 Japan's surplus had climbed to US$5.1 billion, despite the reevaluation of the yen in 1971. The jump in prices of petroleum and other raw materials during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008690",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthe interplay of military, economic, political, and ideological factors. The postwar era led to a radical change in bilateral relations from stark hostility to close friendship and political alliance. The United States was now the world's strongest military and economic power. Japan under American tutelage 1945-1951, but then entirely on its own, rejected militarism, embraced democracy and became dedicated to two international policies: economic development and pacifism. Postwar relations between the two countries reached an unprecedented level of compatibility that peaked around 1970. Since then, Japan has become an economic superpower while the United States lost its status as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12785844",
"chunk_text": "\"Nagasaki foreign settlement\"\nCreek began; by August 15, 1862, Japanese officials ordered foreign residents of Nagasaki into this new settlement area. By 1894, the treaties that led to the formation of the foreign settlement had been abolished, and new ones became effective in 1899. On that date, the foreign settlement returned fully to Japanese control. Tariffs returned to Japanese after the treaty with the United States, signed on February 21, 1911. Despite these political changes, the momentum established in the previous decades continued, and this area of Nagasaki continued to be an important hub of trade and settlement for Westerners. In the run",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "509103",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph Dodge\"\nare inherently missing.\"\" The U.S. mission was oriented away from liberal \"\"oppression\"\", through \"\"recognition of the equality of women, new laws supporting labor unions and the right to strike, and educational reforms, among other challenges\"\". Japanese foreign exchange earnings were drastically limited by high priced exports, making them uncompetitive in world marketing. The \"\"zaibatsu\"\" were able to pay off company debts and more easily acquire smaller competing companies, due to the devaluing of the yen through runaway inflation. This also, consequently, priced them out of exportation marketing. From September 1945 to August 1948 prices rose by 700% primarily due to,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15208253",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nnew issues arose. In July 1971, the Japanese government was surprised by Nixon's dramatic announcement of his forthcoming visit to the People's Republic of China. Many Japanese were chagrined by the failure of the United States to consult in advance with Japan before making such a fundamental change in foreign policy. The following month, the government was again surprised to learn that, without prior consultation, the United States had imposed a 10 percent surcharge on imports, a decision certain to hinder Japan's exports to the United States. Relations between Tokyo and Washington were further strained by the monetary crisis involving",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008669",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nwas an informal \"\"Gentlemen's Agreement\"\" (1907-8) between the U.S. and Japan whereby Japan made sure there was very little or no movement to the U.S. The agreements were made by Secretary of State Elihu Root and Japan's Foreign Minister Tadasu Hayashi. The Agreement banned emigration of Japanese laborers to the U.S. or Hawaii and rescinded the segregation order of the San Francisco School Board in California, which had humiliated and angered the Japanese. The agreements remained effect until 1924 when Congress forbade all immigration from Japan. Charles Neu concludes that Roosevelt's policies were a success: In 1912, the people of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10523503",
"chunk_text": "\"Economic relations of Japan\"\nsophisticated export products (from textiles in the 1950s to automobiles and consumer electronics in the 1980s) and to pursue protectionist policies to limit foreign competition for domestic industries. After the end of the World War II, Japan's economy was in a shambles, with production in 1945 at 10% of prewar levels. Its international economic relations were almost completely disrupted. Initially, imports were limited to essential food and raw materials, mostly financed by economic assistance from the United States. Because of extreme domestic shortages, exports did not begin to recover until the Korean War (1950–53), when special procurement by United States",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5294469",
"chunk_text": "\"Treaty of San Francisco\"\nTreaty of San Francisco The , or commonly known as the Treaty of Peace with Japan, Peace Treaty of San Francisco, or San Francisco Peace Treaty), mostly between Japan and the Allied Powers, was officially signed by 48 nations on September 8, 1951, in San Francisco, California. It came into force on April 28, 1952 and officially ended the American-led Allied Occupation of Japan. According to Article 11 of the Treaty, Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts imposed on Japan both within and outside Japan. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2275587",
"chunk_text": "\"Tokyo Bay\"\nfor the Perry Expedition, which involved two separate trips from 1853 to 1854 between the United States and Japan by Commodore Matthew Perry (1794–1858). Perry sailed on his four \"\"Black Ships\"\" into Edo Bay on July 8, 1853, and began negotiations with the Tokugawa shogunate that led to a peace and trade treaty between the United States and Japan in 1854. The Japanese Instrument of Surrender at the end of World War II was signed on September 2, 1945, on board , which was anchored at 35° 21′ 17″ N 139° 45′ 36″ E. A flag from one of Commodore",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20614185",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of Japan\"\nBritish in Malaya. In 1949, MacArthur made a sweeping change in the SCAP power structure that greatly increased the power of Japan's native rulers, and the occupation began to draw to a close. The Treaty of San Francisco, which was to end the occupation, was signed on September 8, 1951. It came into effect on April 28, 1952, formally ending all occupation powers of the Allied forces and restoring full sovereignty to Japan, except for the island chains of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, which the United States continued to hold. Iwo Jima was returned to Japan in 1968, and most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7350673",
"chunk_text": "\"Food in the Occupation of Japan\"\nFood in the Occupation of Japan The U.S. Occupation of Japan lasted from 1945 to 1952 after the Japanese surrendered on September 2, 1945, ending World War II. During this period, the occupation government retained Japan's rationing system, which was implemented during the war to preserve resources. The U.S. and Japanese officials were unable to allocate the food supply efficiently, which led to an extreme hunger crisis. This issue impacted U.S. foreign policy in East Asia, as American officials attempted to mediate the problem. Japanese internal food production declined by approximately 26% in the last two years of The Pacific",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10127854",
"chunk_text": "\"Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan)\"\nTreaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan) The , also called the Harris Treaty, between the United States and Japan was signed on the deck of the in Edo (now Tokyo) Bay on July 29, 1858. It opened the ports of Kanagawa and four other Japanese cities to trade and granted extraterritoriality to foreigners, among a number of trading stipulations. The treaty followed the 1854 Convention of Kanagawa, which granted coaling rights for US ships and allowed for a US Consul in Shimoda. Although Commodore Matthew Perry secured fuel for US ships and protection for US sailors, he left the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12871224",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of Japan\"\nSeptember 9, 1945. Following this period, MacArthur established bases in Japan to oversee the postwar development of the country. This period in Japanese history is known as the Occupation. U.S. President Harry Truman officially proclaimed an end to hostilities on December 31, 1946. Over the course of the war, Japan displayed many significant advances in military technology, strategy, and tactics. Among them were the \"\"Yamato\"\"-class battleship, the Sen-Toku submarine bomber carriers, the Mitsubishi Zero fighters, and Kamikaze bombers. After a period of occupation (15 August 1945 – 28 April 1952), Japan regained its independence. Japan is forbidden to have a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9549385",
"chunk_text": "\"Surrender of Japan\"\nSurrender of Japan The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945, bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close. By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent. Together with the British Empire and China, the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945—the alternative being \"\"prompt and utter destruction\"\". While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008705",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nup new Guidelines for Japan-United States Defense Cooperation, under which military planners of the two countries have conducted studies relating to joint military action in the event of an armed attack on Japan. On the economic front, Japan sought to ease trade frictions by agreeing to Orderly Marketing Arrangements, which limited exports on products whose influx into the United States was creating political problems. In 1977 an Orderly Marketing Arrangement limiting Japanese color television exports to the United States was signed, following the pattern of an earlier disposition of the textile problem. Steel exports to the United States were also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3407678",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthe Ryukyu Islands. But the United States made no commitment to return Okinawa, which was then under United States military administration for an indefinite period as provided in Article 3 of the peace treaty. Popular agitation culminated in a unanimous resolution adopted by the Diet in June 1956, calling for a return of Okinawa to Japan. Bilateral talks on revising the 1952 security pact began in 1959, and the new Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security was signed in Washington on January 19, 1960. When the pact was submitted to the Diet for ratification on February 5, it became the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16957268",
"chunk_text": "\"Export Control Act\"\nwas specifically avoided. Japan was dependent on U.S. oil, and it was thought at the time that such would be a provocative step. The Act was expanded in September of that year to include iron and steel scrap, an act that Japanese Ambassador Kensuke Horinouchi warned Secretary Hull on October 8, 1940, might be considered an \"\"unfriendly act\"\". Controls were first authorized in 1940 in regard to munitions and similar materials essential to the defense effort, and extended in 1942 to all commodities. Always intended to be only temporary, the 1940 act was successfully extended in 1944, 1945, 1946 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008735",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nJapan, with specifics on the provision of facilities and areas for their use and on the administration of Japanese citizens employed in the facilities. Also covered are the limits of the two countries' jurisdictions over crimes committed in Japan by United States military personnel. The Mutual Security Assistance Pact of 1952 initially involved a military aid program that provided for Japan's acquisition of funds, matériel, and services for the nation's essential defense. Although Japan no longer received any aid from the United States by the 1960s, the agreement continued to serve as the basis for purchase and licensing agreements ensuring",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3303411",
"chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of Japan\"\nForeign relations of Japan The are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Japanese foreign relations had to begin anew in 1945 and, when it was defeated in war and stripped of all of its foreign conquests and possessions. See History of Japanese foreign relations. The United States, acting for the Allied powers, occupied Japan 1945-51. Since gaining full independence with the Treaty of San Francisco, Japanese diplomatic policy has been based on close partnership with the United States and the emphasis on the international cooperation such as the United Nations. In the Cold War, Japan took a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1351722",
"chunk_text": "\"Gentlemen's agreement\"\nUnited States and Japan, whereby Japan made sure there was very little or no movement to the US. The agreements were made by Secretary of State, Elihu Root, and Japan's Foreign Minister, Tadasu Hayashi. The agreement banned emigration of Japanese laborers to the US and rescinded the segregation order of the San Francisco School Board in California, which had humiliated and angered the Japanese. The agreement did not apply to the Territory of Hawaii, which was treated at the time as separate and distinct from the US. The agreements remained effective until 1924, when Congress forbade all immigration from Japan.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008663",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nin 2013, the most favorable perception of Japan in the world, after Indonesia. In recent years, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe has enjoyed good relations with U.S. Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump. In 1852, American Commodore Matthew C. Perry embarked from Norfolk, Virginia, for Japan, in command of a squadron that would negotiate a Japanese trade treaty. Aboard a black-hulled steam frigate, he ported \"\"Mississippi\"\", \"\"Plymouth\"\", \"\"Saratoga\"\", and \"\"Susquehanna\"\" at Uraga Harbor near Edo (present-day Tokyo) on July 8, 1853, and he was met by representatives of the Tokugawa Shogunate. They told him to proceed to Nagasaki, where the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12871219",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of Japan\"\nGreat Britain, and the Netherlands imposed, on July 22, 1941, an embargo on gasoline, while shipments of scrap metal, steel, and other materials had virtually ceased. Meanwhile, American economic support to China began to increase. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and against several other countries on December 7–8, 1941, the United States, United Kingdom, and other Allies declared war. The Second Sino-Japanese War became part of the global conflict of World War II. Japanese forces initially experienced great success against Allied forces in the Pacific and Southeast Asia, capturing Thailand, Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore, the Dutch East Indies,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15208278",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthis was not revealed until the mid-1990s when it was exposed by \"\"The New York Times\"\". The United States has been Japan's largest economic partner, taking 31.5% of its exports, supplying 22.3% of its imports, and accounting for 45.9% of its direct investment abroad in 1990. As of 2013, the United States takes up 18% of Japanese exports, and supplies 8.5% of its imports (the slack having been picked up by China, which now provides 22%). Japan's imports from the United States included both raw materials and manufactured goods. United States agricultural products were a leading import in 1990 (US$8.5",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19600231",
"chunk_text": "\"Hull note\"\nexports to Japan. Dean Acheson, a senior State Department official, was the key decision maker. He shifted American policy away from export restrictions and toward \"\"full-blooded financial warfare against Japan.\"\" The expected result was the financial freeze, which Miller described as \"\"the most devastating American action against Japan.\"\" On November 5, 1941, Emperor Hirohito approved, in Imperial Conference, the plan for the attack on Pearl Harbor. At the same time, his government made a last effort to arrive at a diplomatic solution of their differences with the United States. Ambassador Kichisaburō Nomura presented two proposals to the American government. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16035549",
"chunk_text": "\"Japanese yen\"\nwas worth only about US$0.50. In that year, Japan adopted a gold exchange standard and hence froze the value of the yen at $0.50. This exchange rate remained in place until Japan left the gold standard in December 1931, after which the yen fell to $0.30 by July 1932 and to $0.20 by 1933. It remained steady at around $0.30 until the start of the Second World War on December 7, 1941, at which time it fell to $0.23. The sen and the rin were eventually taken out of circulation at the end of 1953. No true exchange rate existed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008689",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\ninto the Asian theater of war following the surrender of Germany. The official Instrument of Surrender was signed on September 2, and the United States subsequently occupied Japan in its entirety. Historian Akira Iriye argues that World War II and the Occupation decisively shaped bilateral relations after 1945. He presents the oil crisis of 1941 as the confrontation of two diametrically opposed concepts of Asian Pacific order. Japan was militaristic, and sought to create and control a self-sufficient economic region in Southeast Asia. Franklin D Roosevelt and his successors were internationalists seeking an open international economic order. The war reflected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "75380",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Japanese foreign relations\"\ndevastate major Japanese cities. The final blow came in August 1945 with two American atomic bombs and the Russian invasion. Japan surrendered, and was occupied by the Allies, or more particularly by the United States. Its political and economic system was rebuilt on the basis of greater democracy, no military capability, and a weakening of traditional monopolistic corporations. Japan was a very minor player in international affairs in the late 1940s, but its economy revived in part as a supply base for the Korean War. Non-involvement became the central focus of Japanese foreign policy, together with very rapid growth of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1008699",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nnew treaty provided for a ten-year term, after which it could be revoked upon one year's notice by either party. The treaty included general provisions on the further development of international cooperation and on improved future economic cooperation. Both countries worked closely to fulfill the United States promise, under Article 3 of the peace treaty, to return all Japanese territories acquired by the United States in war. In June 1968, the United States returned the Bonin Islands (including Iwo Jima) to Japanese administration control. In 1969, the Okinawa reversion issue and Japan's security ties with the United States became the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15208224",
"chunk_text": "\"Japan–United States relations\"\nthe Bryan Note issued by Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan on March 13, 1915, the U.S., while affirming Japan's \"\"special interests\"\" in Manchuria, Mongolia and Shandong, expressed concern over further encroachments to Chinese sovereignty. President Wilson fought vigorously against Japan's demands at Paris in 1919, but he lost because Britain and France supported Japan. In China there was outrage and anti-Japanese sentiment escalated. The May Fourth Movement emerged as a student demand for China's honor. The United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations approved a reservation to the Treaty of Versailles, \"\"to give Shantung to China,\"\" but Wilson told",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "485192",
"chunk_text": "\"Embassy of the United States, Tokyo\"\nattack on December 8, 1941. Its American employees (including military attaches) were interned on the embassy grounds until June 1942, when they were sent by ship to Portuguese East Africa and handed over for repatriation. Simultaneously, Japanese diplomats who had been in U.S. were handed over for repatriation. The U.S. Embassy remained closed during the Allied occupation, as the U.S. was the occupying power in Japan. Following restoration of diplomatic relations under the Treaty of San Francisco, the U.S. Embassy reopened on April 28, 1952. Robert D. Murphy arrived to serve as the American ambassador. The Embassy of Japan in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_648
|
who gets the golden boot if its a tie?
|
n/a
|
[
"shared"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17958558",
"chunk_text": "\"Premier League Golden Boot\"\ngoals scored to be bestowed the award, however, is 18 goals; this was achieved during the 1997–98 and 1998–99 seasons, when the award was shared between three players both times. The latter season marked the last time the Golden Boot was shared until 2010–11, when Dimitar Berbatov and Carlos Tevez both scored 20 goals that season to tie for the award. Harry Kane recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award, scoring 29 goals in 30 games in 2016–17 for a rate of 0.97. General Specific Premier League Golden Boot The Premier League Golden Boot is an annual association",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18427109",
"chunk_text": "\"MLS Golden Boot\"\nMLS Golden Boot The MLS Golden Boot (currently the Audi Golden Boot for sponsorship reasons) has been awarded since the 2005 season to Major League Soccer's regular–season leading scorer. The award replaced the MLS Scoring Champion Award that was awarded since the league's inception in 1996. Prior to 2005 MLS used a point system that awarded two points for a goal and one point for an assist to give the MLS Scoring Champion Award. Since 2005 Major League Soccer has awarded the MLS Golden Boot to the player who has scored the most goals outright, with ties being broken by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4359819",
"chunk_text": "\"European Golden Shoe\"\nAlly McCoist (1991–92, 1992–93), Thierry Henry (2003–04, 2004–05), Lionel Messi (2011–12, 2012–13 and 2016–17, 2017–18), and Cristiano Ronaldo (2013–14, 2014–15) have won the award in consecutive years. Diego Forlán (Villarreal, Atlético Madrid), Luis Suárez (Liverpool, Barcelona), Mário Jardel (Porto, Sporting CP) and Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United, Real Madrid) are the only players to have won the award with two clubs. European Golden Shoe The European Golden Shoe or Golden Boot is an award that is presented each season to the leading goalscorer in league matches from the top division of every European national league. The trophy is a sculpture of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19205115",
"chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup awards\"\nthe top goalscorer of the FIFA World Cup. While every World Cup had a ranking of the goalscorers, the first time an award was given was in 1982, under the name Golden Shoe. It was rechristened Golden Boot in 2010. FIFA sometimes lists the top goalscorers of previous Cups among the Golden Boot winners. If there is more than one player with the same number of goals, since 1994 the tie-breaker goes to the player without a penalty goal, if none has a penalty then the tie breaker goes to the person with more assists - with the FIFA Technical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2165750",
"chunk_text": "\"MLS Golden Boot\"\nassists. MLS Golden Boot The MLS Golden Boot (currently the Audi Golden Boot for sponsorship reasons) has been awarded since the 2005 season to Major League Soccer's regular–season leading scorer. The award replaced the MLS Scoring Champion Award that was awarded since the league's inception in 1996. Prior to 2005 MLS used a point system that awarded two points for a goal and one point for an assist to give the MLS Scoring Champion Award. Since 2005 Major League Soccer has awarded the MLS Golden Boot to the player who has scored the most goals outright, with ties being broken",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17958554",
"chunk_text": "\"Premier League Golden Boot\"\nPremier League Golden Boot The Premier League Golden Boot is an annual association football award presented to the leading goalscorer in the Premier League. For sponsorship purposes, it was called the Carling Golden Boot from 1994 to 2001, from 2001 to 2004 as the Barclaycard Golden Boot, and the Barclays Golden Boot (2005–2016). Since 2017, it is known as the Cadbury Golden Boot. In addition to the trophy, winners of the Golden Boot are usually given £1,000 for every goal they scored throughout the season to donate to a charity of their choice, although Robin van Persie was given £30,000",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "Tiebreaker\nthe worst-ranked teams is completely different than the rules to determine the playoff teams. In association football contests, many matches are allowed to end in a draw, but in cases where a winner must be chosen, there are three methods of deciding this. The usual method is Normal Extra Time, where each team will play two 15-minute periods of extra time (but see also Golden goal). The team that leads at the end of 30 minutes wins the tie. If, at the end of extra time, no winner can be decided, the match goes to a penalty shootout. Occasionally, in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
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"chunk_id": "17958556",
"chunk_text": "\"Premier League Golden Boot\"\nOriginally consisting of 22 teams, the league contracted to 20 teams after the 1994–95 season; this reduced the number of games played from 42 to 38. Thierry Henry has won the Golden Boot on four occasions, more than any other player. Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink and Dwight Yorke were the first non-English and non-European winners, respectively, when they shared the award with Michael Owen in 1999. Alan Shearer is the only player other than Henry to win the award in three consecutive seasons. Phillips, Henry, Cristiano Ronaldo and Luis Suárez won the European Golden Shoe in the same season as the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
{
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"chunk_id": "17958557",
"chunk_text": "\"Premier League Golden Boot\"\nPremier League Golden Boot, with Henry achieving this on two occasions (2004 and 2005). Shearer, Hasselbaink and Van Persie are the only players to win the Golden Boot with two clubs. Andy Cole and Shearer – with 34 goals in 1993–94 and 1994–95, respectively – scored the most goals to win the Golden Boot when the Premier League was a 42-game season, Mohamed Salah with 32 goals in 2017–18 holds the record for the current 38-game season, while Nicolas Anelka scored the fewest to clinch the award outright, with 19 goals in 2008–09. The all-time record for lowest number of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
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"chunk_id": "839709",
"chunk_text": "\"Overtime (sports)\"\nonly in the final match of a competition. The score in games or ties resorting to extra time are often recorded with the abbreviation a.e.t. (after extra time) usually accompanying the earlier score after regulation time. Ties that are still without a winner after extra time are usually broken by kicks from the penalty spot, commonly called a penalty shootout. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, many international matches tried to reduce this by employing the golden goal (also called \"\"sudden death\"\") or silver goal rules (the game ending if a team has the lead after the first 15-minute",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11415944",
"chunk_text": "\"A-League Golden Boot\"\nA-League Golden Boot The A-League Golden Boot is an annual soccer award presented to the leading goalscorer in the A-League. It is currently referred to as the Nike Golden Boot for sponsorship purposes. The A-League was founded in 2005 to replace the semi-professional National Soccer League. The number of teams in the league has ranged from eight to eleven and there are currently ten clubs in the league. The award is given to the top-scorer over the regular season (not including the finals series). The inaugural award was shared by four players: Alex Brosque, Bobby Despotovski, Stewart Petrie and Archie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4359814",
"chunk_text": "\"European Golden Shoe\"\nEuropean Golden Shoe The European Golden Shoe or Golden Boot is an award that is presented each season to the leading goalscorer in league matches from the top division of every European national league. The trophy is a sculpture of a football boot. From its inception in the 1967–68 season, the award, originally called \"\"Soulier d'Or\"\", which translates from French as \"\"Golden Shoe\"\" or \"\"Boot\"\", has been given to the top goalscorer in all European leagues that season, with a weighting in favour of the highest ranked leagues. Originally presented by \"\"L'Équipe\"\" magazine, it has been awarded by the European",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
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"chunk_id": "5362374",
"chunk_text": "\"Luis Suárez\"\nLuis Suárez Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz (; born 24 January 1987) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a striker for Spanish club Barcelona and the Uruguay national team. Often regarded as one of the best players in the world, Suárez has won 17 trophies in his career, including five league titles and a UEFA Champions League title at club level, and a Copa América with Uruguay. A prolific goalscorer, Suárez has won two European Golden Shoes, an Eredivisie Golden Boot, a Premier League Golden Boot, as well as ending the six-year dominance of Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
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"chunk_id": "4359817",
"chunk_text": "\"European Golden Shoe\"\nin the leagues ranked six to 21 are multiplied by a factor of 1.5, and goals scored in leagues ranked 22 and below are multiplied by a factor of 1. Thus, goals scored in higher ranked leagues will count for more than those scored in weaker leagues. Since this change, there has only been one winner who was not playing in one of the top five leagues (Henrik Larsson, 2000–01 Scottish Premier League). Lionel Messi in 2018 won the European Golden Shoe for the record 5th time. Lionel Messi is the only player to win the award five times, all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
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"chunk_id": "2092934",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden goal\"\nof a tied game after the original 90 minutes, two straight 15-minute periods of extra time are played. If a tie still remains after that, the winner is decided by a penalty shoot-out. Golden goal The golden goal or golden point is a rule used in association football, bandy, lacrosse, field hockey, ice hockey, floorball and korfball to decide the winner of a match (typically a knock-out match) in which scores are equal at the end of normal time. It is a type of sudden death. Under this rule, the game will end when a goal or point is scored;",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "3908378",
"chunk_text": "\"Tie (draw)\"\nmay be declared if the scores are tied at the end of regulation. Draws are also possible in any competition such as European major competitions where knockout stages in that league are contested as a two-legged tie. If the first leg is tied, or the second leg is tied but there is a definitive winner in the two-game aggregate score, then no extra period is played. When a match ends with completion of the specified maximum number of rounds, and the judges of the match have awarded an equal number of points to both contestants, or if there are three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_id": "19640562",
"chunk_text": "\"FIFA Women's World Cup awards\"\nrepresentatives of the media. Those who finish as runners-up in the vote receive the \"\"Silver Ball\"\" and \"\"Bronze Ball\"\" awards as the second and third most outstanding players in the tournament respectively. The \"\"Golden Boot\"\" or \"\"Golden Shoe\"\" Award goes to the top goalscorer of the FIFA World Cup. It was introduced at the 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup. If more than one player finishes the tournament with the same number of goals, the tie goes to the player who has contributed the most assists (with the FIFA Technical Study Group deciding whether an assist is to be counted as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
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"chunk_id": "2092925",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden goal\"\nThe winning goal is known as the \"\"golden goal\"\". If there have been no goals scored after both periods of extra time, a penalty shoot-out decides the game. The golden goal was not compulsory, and individual competitions using extra time could choose whether to apply it during extra time. The first European Championship played with the rule was in 1996; the first World Cup played with the rule was in 1998. The first golden goal recorded was on 13 March 1993 by Australia against Uruguay in a quarter-final match of the World Youth Championship. The first major tournament final to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
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"chunk_id": "7151941",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nshootout starting with the 2000 season. If penalties are required to determine a winner during the playoffs, MLS now uses the shoot-out procedure specified by the International Football Association Board. Penalty shoot-out (association football) A penalty shoot-out (officially kicks from the penalty mark) is a method of determining which team is awarded victory in an association football match that cannot end in a draw, when the score is tied after the regulation playing time as well as extra time (if used) have expired. In a penalty shoot-out, each team takes turns shooting at goal from the penalty mark, with the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "2943676",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nNCAA rules book, which governs most college soccer in the United States, takes a similar approach. With the exception of the national championship game, if the score of any game remains tied following the sudden death overtime (or golden goal), the game is recorded as a tie, regardless of the result of the shoot-out tiebreaker. In a national championship game, the result of the shoot-out tiebreaker also determines the result of the game for statistical purposes. Until 2001, all NCAA games in which the shoot-out tiebreaker was used to determine advancement or a champion were recorded as a tie. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2092915",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden goal\"\nor knock-out tournaments where a winner is required. In particular, extra time periods can be tense and unentertaining as sides are too tired and nervous to attack, preferring to defend and play for penalties; whilst penalty shootouts are often described as based upon luck, and unrepresentative of football. FIFA introduced the golden goal rule in 1993. It was hoped that the golden goal would produce more attacking play during extra time, and would reduce the number of penalty shootouts. International field hockey tournaments such as the Hockey World Cup and Champions Trophy had used golden goals to decide the winners",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4513650",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nPenalty shoot-out (association football) A penalty shoot-out (officially kicks from the penalty mark) is a method of determining which team is awarded victory in an association football match that cannot end in a draw, when the score is tied after the regulation playing time as well as extra time (if used) have expired. In a penalty shoot-out, each team takes turns shooting at goal from the penalty mark, with the goal only defended by the opposing team's goalkeeper. Each team has five shots which must be taken by different kickers; the team that makes more successful kicks is declared the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2092912",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden goal\"\nGolden goal The golden goal or golden point is a rule used in association football, bandy, lacrosse, field hockey, ice hockey, floorball and korfball to decide the winner of a match (typically a knock-out match) in which scores are equal at the end of normal time. It is a type of sudden death. Under this rule, the game will end when a goal or point is scored; the team that scores that goal or point during extra time will be the winner. Introduced formally in 1992, though with some history before that, the rule ceased to apply to most FIFA-authorized",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "17424291",
"chunk_text": "\"Scoring in association football\"\nsuch awards are often called the \"\"Golden Boot\"\". Players will typically celebrate scoring a goal with team mates, occasionally putting on elaborate displays for the crowd. The Laws allow this, but mandate that celebration must not be \"\"excessive\"\". On average, only a few scores occur per game in association football. An analysis of several years' results from several English leagues found that 1–0 was the most common result, occurring in approximately 20% of games. Scoring in association football In games of association football teams compete to score the most goals during the match. A goal is scored when the ball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "10462038",
"chunk_text": "Tiebreaker\nof play called \"\"overtime\"\" or \"\"extra time\"\". The extra round may also not follow the regular format, e.g. a tiebreak in tennis or a penalty shootout in association football. In some sports, tournaments, and playoffs, the tiebreaker is a statistic that is compared to separate contestants who have the same win-loss record. Some competitions, such as the FIFA World Cup, the EuroLeague, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League and the National Football League, have a whole set of tiebreaking rules in which a group of statistics between the tied teams are compared, one at a time, to determine",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_id": "15446600",
"chunk_text": "\"Overtime (sports)\"\nperiod of extra time), but competitions have not retained these. In NCAA college soccer rules, all matches that remain tied after ninety minutes have an overtime period. A sudden death golden goal rule is applied, with the game ending as soon as an overtime goal is scored. If neither team scores in the two ten-minute halves, the match ends in a draw unless it is a conference or national championship tournament match. A playoff game tied after two overtime periods then moves to a penalty kick shoot-out with the winner determined by the teams alternating kicks from the penalty mark.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
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"chunk_id": "7681297",
"chunk_text": "Tiebreaker\nmatches such as the Community Shield in England, the match can go straight to a penalty shootout after 90 minutes' play has been completed. Alternatively, in tournaments such as the English FA Cup, the match is replayed in its entirety, going through the aforementioned stages of extra time and penalties if the second match is drawn. This method is no longer used from the quarter finals onwards. In the National Football League of professional American football, if both teams are tied at the end of regulation, an overtime period is played under modified \"\"sudden death\"\" rules. Before the 2017 season,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shootout\"\nwith the teams taking shots alternately, and the one that scores a goal unmatched by the other team is declared the winner. This may continue until every player has taken a shot, after which players may take extra shots, until the tie is broken, and is also known as \"\"sudden death\"\". A penalty shootout is normally used only in \"\"no ties allowed\"\" situations (for example, a tournament where the losers must be eliminated) and where other methods such as extra time and sudden death have failed to determine a winner first. It avoids the delays involved in staging replayed matches",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "2943675",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nA shoot-out is usually considered for statistical purposes to be separate from the match which preceded it. In the case of a two-legged fixture, the two matches are still considered either as two draws or as one win and one loss; in the case of a single match, it is still considered as a draw. This contrasts with a fixture won in extra time, where the score at the end of normal time is superseded. Converted shoot-out penalties are not considered as goals scored by a player for the purposes of their individual records, or for \"\"golden boot\"\" competitions. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
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"chunk_text": "\"A-League Golden Boot\"\nof two seasons in which the award has been shared. Bobô recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award, scoring 27 goals in 27 games in 2017–18 for a rate of 1.00. A-League Golden Boot The A-League Golden Boot is an annual soccer award presented to the leading goalscorer in the A-League. It is currently referred to as the Nike Golden Boot for sponsorship purposes. The A-League was founded in 2005 to replace the semi-professional National Soccer League. The number of teams in the league has ranged from eight to eleven and there are currently ten clubs in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Tie (draw)\"\nbetween the Green Bay Packers and the Minnesota Vikings ended in a 29-29 tie. If both sides have scored an equal number of goals within regulation time (90 minutes), the game is usually counted as a draw. In elimination games, where a winner must be determined to progress to the next stage of the tournament, two periods of extra time are played. If the score remains even after this time, the match technically remains a draw; however, a penalty shootout (officially called \"\"kicks from the penalty mark\"\") is used to determine which team is to progress to the next stage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
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"chunk_id": "19254330",
"chunk_text": "\"Away goals rule\"\nAway goals rule The away goals rule is a method of breaking ties in association football and other sports when teams play each other twice, once at each team's home ground. By the away goals rule, the team that has scored more goals \"\"away from home\"\" will win if scores are otherwise equal. This is sometimes expressed by saying that away goals \"\"count double\"\" in the event of a tie. The away goals rule is most often invoked in two-leg fixtures, where the initial result is determined by the aggregate score — i.e. the scores of both games are added",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Tie (draw)\"\nthe final two minutes, or a major penalty, results in the awarding of a penalty shot. A goal wins the game in sudden death; otherwise, a shootout will occur, with three players participating for each side. If the score is still tied, the shootout will go into sudden death. In North American minor leagues, the same procedure is used except shootouts are five players. In each case, the winner of the shootout is awarded credit for a regulation win (two points), and the loser of the overtime is marked with an overtime loss (OTL) and receives credit equal to half",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
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"chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup awards\"\n\"\"Silver Ball\"\" and \"\"Bronze Ball\"\" awards as the second and third most outstanding players in the tournament respectively. The current award was introduced in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, sponsored by Adidas and \"\"France Football\"\", though fifa.com also lists in their player articles as \"\"golden ball winners\"\" Kempes, Cruyff, Pelé, Bobby Charlton, Garrincha and Didi for 1978, 1974, 1970, 1966, 1962 and 1958 respectively. Barcelona is the only club whose players have won the Golden Ball a record 3 times (Johan Cruyff in 1974, Romário in 1994, Lionel Messi in 2014). The \"\"Golden Boot\"\" or \"\"Golden Shoe\"\" Award goes to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4513702",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nScotland on 22 November 2018, it was agreed that due to the lack of strong support mainly because of its complexity, the ABBA option would no longer be used in future competitions. Various tie-break methods have been proposed, both before and since shoot-outs were introduced. Historically, one of the first tie-breaking procedures was contained in the between 1862 and 1871, with the concept of the \"\"rouge\"\", scorable when the ball went narrowly wide off the goal. Rule 14 stated \"\"A goal outweighs any number of rouges. Should no goals or an equal number be obtained, the match is decided by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nexperimental North American shootout procedure described above. If a match was tied after 90 minutes, a maximum of two golden goal extra time periods of 7.5 minutes each were played. If neither team scored, the shootout was held to determine the winner of the match. In the standings, a team that won was awarded six points whether the win came in regulation time, extra time or by shootout. Bonus points continued to be awarded for each goal scored up to a maximum of three per game. No bonus points were awarded for goals scored in extra time. Postseason playoff games",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "20482135",
"chunk_text": "\"Two-legged tie\"\nTwo-legged tie In sports (particularly association football), a two-legged tie is a contest between two teams which comprises two matches or \"\"legs\"\", with each team as the home team in one leg. The winning team is usually determined by aggregate score, the sum of the scores of the two legs. For example, if the scores of the two legs are: Then the aggregate score will be Team A 5–3 Team B, meaning team A wins the tie. In some competitions, a tie is considered to be drawn if each team wins one leg, regardless of the aggregate score. Two-legged ties",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "9667937",
"chunk_text": "\"CONCACAF Champions League U13\"\nteam is awarded a trophy. (2017 Shield tournament winner: Chicago Fire) The awards ceremony is staged on the field at the end of the final match. This opportunity gives teams and fans the feel of a professional tournament. There are several awards and prizes awarded to not on the winning team but as well as individual performance. There are 4 main types of individual awards which include the Golden Boot, the Golden Ball, the Golden Glove, and the most valuable player. The Golden Boot award goes to the top goal scorer of the tournament. The Golden Ball is presented to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Association football\"\nbe used to determine the winners, in which case the winner is the team that scored the most goals in the leg they played away from home. If the result is still equal, extra time and potentially a penalty shootout are required. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the IFAB experimented with ways of creating a winner without requiring a penalty shootout, which was often seen as an undesirable way to end a match. These involved rules ending a game in extra time early, either when the first goal in extra time was scored (\"\"golden goal\"\"), or if one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17495477",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Euro 1996\"\nin a major football competition, the golden goal system was applied, whereby the first team to score during the extra time would become the winner. If no goal was scored there would be a penalty shoot-out to determine the winner. For the first time the final was won by a golden goal. As with every tournament since UEFA Euro 1984, there was no third place play-off. \"\"All times are local, BST ().\"\" Alan Shearer was awarded the Golden Boot award, after scoring five goals in the group stage and in the semi-finals against Germany. The competition slogan was Football Comes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7587789",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shootout\"\nPenalty shootout The penalty shootout is a method of determining a winner in sports matches that would have otherwise been drawn or tied. The rules for penalty shootouts vary between sports and even different competitions; however, the usual form is similar to penalty shots in that a single player takes one shot on goal from a specified spot, the only defender being the goalkeeper. Teams take turns, with the one with the largest number of successful goals after a specified number of attempts being the winner. If the result is still tied, the shootout usually continues on a \"\"goal-for-goal\"\" basis,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "11003350",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shoot-out (association football)\"\nplay golden goal\"\". Henry Birtles' \"\"Advantage\"\" proposal is for the shoot-out to be held before extra-time, and only acting as a tiebreak if the game remains a draw after the full 120 minutes. Proponents of this idea state that it would lead to a more offensive extra-time as one of the teams would know they have to score and there would never be a match in which both teams are simply waiting for penalties. Another advantage is that players who have missed would have a chance to redeem themselves in extra-time. The obvious flaw is that the team that wins",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
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"chunk_id": "4028622",
"chunk_text": "\"2014 FIFA World Cup awards\"\nWorld Cup. If two or more players are tied on goals, the ranking is decided by the number of assists. If still tied, the players who played the least minutes are ranked first. The players who finish second and third are given the Silver Boot and Bronze Boot respectively. The top ten players were as follows: The adidas Golden Glove is given to the most outstanding goalkeeper at the FIFA World Cup. On 11 July 2014, the FIFA Technical Study Group announced the three-player shortlist for the Golden Glove award. The Hyundai Young Player Award is given to the most",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "9649643",
"chunk_text": "\"Sudden death (sport)\"\noften impracticable. Replays are still used in some major competitions (like the FA Cup). In many matches, if the score is tied after the full 90 minutes, a draw results; however, if one team must be eliminated, some form of tie-breaking must occur. Originally, two 15-minute halves of extra time were held and if the teams remained equal at the end of the halves, kicks from the penalty mark are held. To try to decrease the chances of requiring kicks from the penalty mark, the IFAB, the world law making body of the sport, experimented with new rules. The golden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7497487",
"chunk_text": "\"Association football\"\npenalty kick to be taken or retaken is completed, thus no game shall end with a penalty to be taken. In league competitions, games may end in a draw. In knockout competitions where a winner is required various methods may be employed to break such a deadlock; some competitions may invoke replays. A game tied at the end of regulation time may go into extra time, which consists of two further 15-minute periods. If the score is still tied after extra time, some competitions allow the use of penalty shootouts (known officially in the Laws of the Game as \"\"kicks",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
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{
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"chunk_id": "119214",
"chunk_text": "\"CSL Golden Boot\"\n& Marin Vučemilović-Grgić 2014), Trinidad and Tobago (Kevin Nelson, 2001), England (Darren Tilley, 2002), Jamaica (Richard West, 2015), Northern Ireland (Paul Munster, 2004), United States (Aaron Byrd, 2005), Romania (Gabriel Pop, 2006), France (Guillaume Surot, 2014), and Ukraine (Sergiy Ivliev, 2016). The club with the most top goalscorers is the Toronto/Mississauga Olympians with 4 wins followed by London City, and the Trois-Rivières Attak with 2. Canadian Soccer League MVP Award CSL Golden Boot The Canadian Soccer League Golden Boot is an annual Canadian soccer award given to the top goalscorer for each season in the Canadian Soccer League. The Golden",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11415945",
"chunk_text": "\"A-League Golden Boot\"\nThompson. Shane Smeltz and Besart Berisha have both won the golden boot on two occasions, more than any other player. Petrie was the first non-Australian winner in the league's inaugural season. Bobô – with 27 goals in 2017–18 – scored the most goals to win the Golden Boot, while Danny Allsopp scored the fewest to win the award outright, with 11 goals in 2006–07. The all-time record for lowest number of goals scored to be bestowed the award, however, is 8 goals; this was achieved during the 2005–06 season, when the award was shared between four players. This marks one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2895629",
"chunk_text": "\"Golden goal\"\nthe first period of extra time), the Czechs would have had nearly 15 minutes to attempt to score the equalizer. Furthermore, one team could benefit unfairly from the conditions, such as if a strong wind aided one side. In February 2004, the IFAB announced that, after Euro 2004, both the golden goal and silver goal methods would be removed from the Laws of the Game. Since the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the golden goal has never been used in the event of a tied match during the knockout stage, as FIFA restored the original rules: in the event",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6337478",
"chunk_text": "\"UEFA Futsal Euro 2018\"\nloss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings (Regulations Articles 19.01 and 19.02): All times are local, CET (). If a match is drawn after 40 minutes of regular play, an extra time consisting of two five-minute periods is played. If teams are still leveled after extra time, a penalty shoot-out is used to determine the winner. In the third place match, the extra time is skipped and the decision goes directly to kicks from the penalty mark (Regulations Articles 20.02 and 20.03). Top five players are bolded.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7587801",
"chunk_text": "\"Penalty shootout\"\nalternately until one team misses and the other scores. The scores from the penalty shootout are added to the score instead of being counted as a separate score as in other sports. Colleges have no such shootout procedure; teams play two straight 3-minute periods, and if still tied play multiple 3-minute golden goal periods. Penalty shootouts are also used on a few game shows: Penalty shootout The penalty shootout is a method of determining a winner in sports matches that would have otherwise been drawn or tied. The rules for penalty shootouts vary between sports and even different competitions; however,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_649
|
who is the minister of local government in zimbabwe?
|
n/a
|
[
"Hon July Moyo"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175314",
"chunk_text": "\"Ignatius Chombo\"\nIgnatius Chombo Ignatius Morgen Chiminya Chombo (born 1 August 1952) was a Zimbabwean politician who was Minister of Finance in 2017. Previously he has served in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe as Minister of Home Affairs from 2015-17, Minister of Local Government, Public Works and Urban Development from 2000-2015. During his time as Minister of Local Government, Public Works and Urban Development, a forcible slum clearance operation, Operation Murambatsvina, was carried out. He claimed the operation was about restoring order. Chombo was nominated as ZANU-PF's candidate for the House of Assembly seat from Zvimba North, in Mashonaland West, in the March",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8376869",
"chunk_text": "\"Saviour Kasukuwere\"\nSaviour Kasukuwere Saviour Kasukuwere is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Local Government, Rural Development and National Housing between October and November 2017. He was also the ZANU–PF party's national political commissar until December 2017. Before that he was Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Empowerment, and Minister of the Environment, Water and Climate. He has been a member of the Pan-African Parliament since 2004. He was Deputy Secretary of Youth Affairs in the Politburo of the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front and subsequently Secretary for the Commissariat. He has been the Member",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15555013",
"chunk_text": "\"Saviour Kasukuwere\"\nexile, he finally returned home. Saviour Kasukuwere Saviour Kasukuwere is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Local Government, Rural Development and National Housing between October and November 2017. He was also the ZANU–PF party's national political commissar until December 2017. Before that he was Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Empowerment, and Minister of the Environment, Water and Climate. He has been a member of the Pan-African Parliament since 2004. He was Deputy Secretary of Youth Affairs in the Politburo of the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front and subsequently Secretary for the Commissariat.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8941310",
"chunk_text": "\"Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare (Zimbabwe)\"\nMinistry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare (Zimbabwe) The Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare is a government ministry, responsible for labour relations and welfare in Zimbabwe. Clever Nyathi was the incumbent minister until 2 December while the Joshua Malinga was appointed as the deputy minister for the portfolio of Social Welfare. Nyathi was replaced by ZANU-PF lawmaker Petronella Kagonye. It oversees National Social Security Authority. On November 27, 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded ousted President Robert Mugabe following the 2017 Zimbabwe coup d'état, announced the dissolution of the Zimbabwe Cabinet, leaving only Patrick Chinamasa and Simbarashe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15731321",
"chunk_text": "\"Harare Province\"\nan oceanic climate variety. Harare Province is overseen by the Minister of State for Harare Province, a de facto governor who oversees provincial affairs and sits in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. The governor is appointed by the President of Zimbabwe and is not appointed to a set term. Historically, the governor held the title Governor of Harare, but the office has since been renamed to align with the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe, which does not allow for provincial governors. The current Minister of State for Harare Province is Miriam Chikukwa, a ZANU–PF member who was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7780003",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Zhuwao\"\nPatrick Zhuwao Patrick Zhuwao (; born 23 May 1967) is a Zimbabwean politician, businessman, and farmer. He served as Minister of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare of Zimbabwe between October and November 2017. He was expelled from the ZANU–PF party during the 2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état. Zhuwao was born in 1967 to Sabina Mugabe and a Mozambican father. His uncle is former Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe. He studied at the University of Zimbabwe, where he earned two bachelor's degrees and four master's degrees. Zhuwao went on to become a tobacco farmer and businessman, with interests in several parastatals. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6314437",
"chunk_text": "\"Cabinet of Zimbabwe\"\nCabinet of Zimbabwe The Cabinet of Zimbabwe is an executive body of appointed government ministers. Until 1987, the Cabinet was chaired by the Prime Minister; it is now headed by the President. On 30 November 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded ousted President Robert Mugabe, formed a new cabinet. On 3 December 2017, Mnangagwa replaced two of his ministers amidst criticism by opposition parties. On 7 September 2018, President Mnangagwa appointed a new cabinet after winning 2018 presidential elections. The new 20 member cabinet, along with 13 deputy ministers and nine provincial ministers, was sworn in on 11 September 2018. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15731324",
"chunk_text": "\"Harare Province\"\nVimbai Tsvangirai-Java, and Murisi Zwizwai. All are members of the MDC Alliance except for Mnangagwa, a ZANU–PF member and the nephew of President Emmerson Mnangagwa. Harare Province Harare Metropolitan Province () is a province in northeastern Zimbabwe. It comprises Harare, the country's capital and most populous city, and two other municipalities, Chitungwiza and Epworth. Originally part of Mashonaland Province, in 1983 the province was divided into three large provinces, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, and Mashonaland West, while Harare and two nearby towns became their own metropolitan province. Harare Province is divided into four districts. Miriam Chikukwa is the current provincial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8564005",
"chunk_text": "\"Harare Province\"\n(MDC Alliance), Kerina Gweshe (MDC Alliance), Morgan Femai (MDC Alliance), Sipani Hungwe (ZANU–PF), Oliver Chidawu (ZANU–PF). Harare Province is represented by 29 Members of Parliament in the House of Assembly, Zimbabwe's lower house of Parliament. The province's current MPs since the 2018 elections are Samuel Banda, Tendai Biti, Starman Chamisa, James Chidakwa, Happymore Chidziva, Wellington Chikombo, Goodrich Chimbaira, Kennedy Dinar, Shakespear Hamauswa, Chalton Hwende, Winnie Kankuni, Godfrey Karakadzay Sithole, Earthrage Kureva, Costa Machingauta, Willias Madzimure, Joanah Mamombe, Susan Matsunga, Allan Norman Markham, Tapiwa Mashakada, Maxwell Mavhunga, Tongai Mnangagwa, Peter Moyo, Erick Murai, Miriam Mushayi, Evan Mushoriwa, Job Sikhala, Unganai Tarusenga,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18157298",
"chunk_text": "\"Simbarashe Mumbengegwi\"\nSimbarashe Mumbengegwi Simbarashe Simbanenduku Mumbengegwi (born 20 July 1945) is a Zimbabwean politician and diplomat currently serving as Minister of State for Presidential Affairs and Monitoring Government Programmes. Previously he was acting Foreign Minister for a few days following the resignation of former President Robert Mugabe He had previously served as Zimbabwe's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2005 to 2017. From October to November 2017, he was Minister of Macro-Economic Planning and Investment Promotion. Mumbengegwi was born in Chivi, Zimbabwe (then Southern Rhodesia). After receiving his primary and secondary education in Zimbabwe, he attended Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8564004",
"chunk_text": "\"Harare Province\"\nappointed by President Robert Mugabe in December 2013. Harare Province is divided into four districts: Harare Urban, Harare Rural, Chitungwiza, and Epworth. The city of Harare is divided between Harare Urban and Rural districts, while Chitungwiza and Epworth are conterminous with their respective districts. Like each of Zimbabwe's ten provinces, Harare Province is represented in the Senate by six senators, three of whom must be women. Senators are not directly elected by voters, but are instead selected by party lists via a proportional representation system. The province's current senators since the 2018 elections are Theresa Makone (MDC Alliance), Elias Mudzuri",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8937077",
"chunk_text": "\"Walter Mzembi\"\nWalter Mzembi Walter Mzembi (born 16 March 1964) is a Zimbabwean politician. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Tourism and Hospitality Industry. He is the Member of the House of Assembly for Masvingo South (ZANU-PF). It was announced on November 27, 2017 that Simbarashe Mumbengegwi was now the acting Foreign Minister of Zimbabwe. When the ZANU-PF–Movement for Democratic Change national unity government was sworn in on February 13, 2009, Mzembi became Minister of Tourism. He helped organize the UNWTO co-hosted by Zimbabwe and Zambia in August 2013. In 2017 Mzembi was the candidate of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12775485",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Chinamasa\"\nbased British American Tobacco came under pressure to stop its Zimbabwean associate company sponsoring the award, which it did the following year. Chinamasa is married to Monica Chinamasa. His children include: Patrick Chinamasa Patrick Antony Chinamasa (born 25 January 1947) is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Finance and Economic Planning. He briefly served as Minister of Cyber Security, Threat Detection and Mitigation from October 2017 to November 2017. He made headlines across Zimbabwe in June 2018 after officially opening a rubbish metal bin fully strapped with ribbons. A move seen by many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4615217",
"chunk_text": "\"Walter Mzembi\"\nHe first went to greet First Lady Auxillia Mnangagwa followed by handshakes with several other MPs. Mzembi was arrested on 5 January 2018 and appeared in court on the next day where he was granted bail. He was arrested over allegedly misuse of resources meant for a tourism conference in 2013. Walter Mzembi Walter Mzembi (born 16 March 1964) is a Zimbabwean politician. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Tourism and Hospitality Industry. He is the Member of the House of Assembly for Masvingo South (ZANU-PF). It was announced on November 27, 2017 that Simbarashe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175321",
"chunk_text": "\"Chenhanho Chimutengwende\"\nChenhanho Chimutengwende Chenhamo \"\"Chen\"\" Chakezha Chimutengwende (born 28 August 1943) was the Minister of State for Public and Interactive Affairs in Zimbabwe and a longstanding supporter of Robert Mugabe. On 31 March 2008 he lost his parliamentary seat in the general election, which ended his 23-year career as a Member of Parliament. Since September 2009 he has been chairman of the Zimbabwe Foundation for Sustainable Development. During the 1960s and 1970s Chimutengwende lived in exile in London, England, where he directed the Europe-Africa Research Project from a basement in Gower Street. He was a member of the editorial board of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14498151",
"chunk_text": "\"Joel Gabuza\"\nJoel Gabuza Joel Gabuza was the Zimbabwe Minister of Water Resources and Development from 2009 during the Government of National Unity formed between the ruling ZanuPF and the opposition, and held office until 2013 when a new cabinet was appointed, and Oppah Muchinguri-Kashiri was appointed as the new Minister of Water and Climate. He is the Member of House of Assembly for Binga (MDC-T). On November 27, 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded ousted President Robert Mugabe following the 2017 Zimbabwe coup d'etat, announced the dissolution of the Zimbabwe Cabinet, leaving only Patrick Chinamasa and Simbarashe Mumbengegwi as acting ministers of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8376870",
"chunk_text": "\"Saviour Kasukuwere\"\nof Parliament for Mount Darwin South Parliamentary Constituency since 2000. From 2005 until February 2009, he served as the Zimbabwean Deputy Minister of Youth Development and Employment Creation. Kasukuwere was Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Empowerment from 2009 to 2013. Following President Robert Mugabe's victory in the July 2013 presidential election, he moved Kasukuwere to the post of Minister of the Environment on 10 September 2013. President Mugabe moved Kasukuwere to the post of Minister of Local Government, Public Works and National Housing on 6 July 2015. In October 2017 the ministry was expanded to include Rural Development. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175354",
"chunk_text": "\"Webster Shamu\"\nWebster Shamu Webster Kotiwani Shamu is a Zimbabwean politician and former Minister of Mashonaland West Provincial Affairs fired by President Emmerson Mnangagwa on 21 May 2018. He previously served as Minister of Information and Publicity, and Minister of State for Policy Implementation. He is a member of parliament representing the Chegutu constituency. The Cabinet of Zimbabwe was later dissolved on 27 November 2017. Webster Shamu has also been known as Charles Ndlovu, having changed his name during the civil war (1972–1980), as did many others who used pseudonyms to mask their identities. Shamu, previously a freelance broadcaster under the Smith",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12882177",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Mangwana\"\nPaul Mangwana Paul Mangwana (born 10 August 1961) is a Zimbabwean politician, who has previously served in the cabinet of Zimbabwe. Mangwana, who had previously served as Deputy Minister of Transport and Communications, was appointed as Minister of State for State Enterprises and Parastatals on 25 August 2002. He was subsequently appointed as Minister of Labour and Social Welfare on 9 February 2004 and later served as acting Minister of Information before being appointed as Minister of Indigenisation and Empowerment on 6 February 2007. After the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Bill, which provides for Zimbabweans to hold a majority share",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7461972",
"chunk_text": "\"Oppah Muchinguri\"\nOppah Muchinguri Oppah Muchinguri Kashiri (born Oppah Chamu Zvipange Muchinguri; 14 December 1958) is a Zimbabwean politician, who is the current Minister of Defence in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe. She has also served as Minister of Higher Education and Minister of Women's Affairs. Muchinguri ran as the ZANU-PF candidate for Mutasa Central constituency in the March 2008 parliamentary election, but was defeated by Trevor Saruwaka, a candidate of the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai. According to official results, Muchinguri received 4,764 votes against 9,228 votes for Saruwaka. \"\"The Herald\"\" reported on January 3, 2009, that Muchinguri had been dismissed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6239421",
"chunk_text": "\"David Parirenyatwa\"\npose a serious threat to Zimbabwe on June 21, 2007. Parirenyatwa was nominated as ZANU-PF's candidate for the House of Assembly seat from Murehwa North in Mashonaland East in the March 2008 parliamentary election. He won the seat with 7,104 votes against 6,468 for the candidate of the Movement for Democratic Change. After President Robert Mugabe won re-election in July 2013, Parirenyatwa was appointed as Minister of Health on 10 September 2013. On Friday 7 September 2018, David Parirentatwa was dropped by Emmerson Mnangagwa from Cabinet. On 13 September 2018, it was reported that he had been picked up by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175304",
"chunk_text": "\"Kembo Mohadi\"\nKembo Mohadi Kembo Dugish Campbell Mohadi (born 15 November 1949) is one of two Vice-Presidents of Zimbabwe since 28 December 2017. He briefly served as the Minister of Defence, Security and War Veterans in 2017. Previously he was Minister of State for National Security in the President's Office from 2015 to 2017 and Minister of Home Affairs from 2002 to 2015. Having previously served as Deputy Minister of Local Government, he was appointed as Minister of Home Affairs in August 2002. Mohadi was nominated by ZANU–PF as its candidate for the House of Assembly seat from Beitbridge East constituency, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12775477",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Chinamasa\"\nPatrick Chinamasa Patrick Antony Chinamasa (born 25 January 1947) is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Finance and Economic Planning. He briefly served as Minister of Cyber Security, Threat Detection and Mitigation from October 2017 to November 2017. He made headlines across Zimbabwe in June 2018 after officially opening a rubbish metal bin fully strapped with ribbons. A move seen by many people as ridiculous.. Previously he served as Minister of Finance and Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs. On 9 October 2017, he was appointed as Minister of the newly created",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175298",
"chunk_text": "\"Obert Mpofu\"\nObert Mpofu Obert Moses Mpofu is a Zimbabwean politician, who served as Minister of Home Affairs from 2017 to September 2018. Previously he was Minister of Macro-Economic Planning and Investment Promotion; Minister of Industry and International Trade; Minister of Mines and Mining Development; and Minister of Transport and Infrastructure Development. The Cabinet of Zimbabwe was later dissolved on November 27, 2017. He was reappointed as Minister of Home Affairs in Mnangagwa's first cabinet on 30 November 2017. The Culture portfolio was added to his ministry. Mpofu was later removed from the Zimbabwe cabinet in September 2018.</ref>https://www.theindependent.co.zw/2018/09/14/new-cabinet-an-average-team/</ref> Mpofu, previously the Governor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1467554",
"chunk_text": "\"Tendai Biti\"\nTendai Biti Tendai Laxton Biti (born 6 August 1966) is a Zimbabwean politician who served as Zimbabwe's Minister of Finance from 2009 to 2013 and is the current Memberof Parliament for Harare East Constituency. He was the Secretary-General of the Movement for Democratic Change and the subsequent Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC-T) political parties and a Member of Parliament for Harare East until he was expelled from the party and recalled from parliament in mid-2014,before winning the seat again in 2018. Biti was born in Dzivarasekwa, Harare, and he is the eldest in a family of 6 children.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175303",
"chunk_text": "\"Obert Mpofu\"\nMpofu was later removed from the Mnangagwa Cabinet in September 2018. Obert Mpofu Obert Moses Mpofu is a Zimbabwean politician, who served as Minister of Home Affairs from 2017 to September 2018. Previously he was Minister of Macro-Economic Planning and Investment Promotion; Minister of Industry and International Trade; Minister of Mines and Mining Development; and Minister of Transport and Infrastructure Development. The Cabinet of Zimbabwe was later dissolved on November 27, 2017. He was reappointed as Minister of Home Affairs in Mnangagwa's first cabinet on 30 November 2017. The Culture portfolio was added to his ministry. Mpofu was later removed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8563999",
"chunk_text": "\"Harare Province\"\nHarare Province Harare Metropolitan Province () is a province in northeastern Zimbabwe. It comprises Harare, the country's capital and most populous city, and two other municipalities, Chitungwiza and Epworth. Originally part of Mashonaland Province, in 1983 the province was divided into three large provinces, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, and Mashonaland West, while Harare and two nearby towns became their own metropolitan province. Harare Province is divided into four districts. Miriam Chikukwa is the current provincial governor. Harare Province has an area of , equal to .22% of the total area of Zimbabwe. It is the second-smallest in area of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6239422",
"chunk_text": "\"David Parirenyatwa\"\npolice for questioning. The Parirenyatwa Hospital is named after his father, Tichafa Samuel Parirenyatwa. David Parirenyatwa Pagwesese David Parirenyatwa (born August 2, 1950) is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Health from 2013 to 2018. Previously he served as Minister of Health from 2002 to 2009. He is a medical doctor by profession. Parirenyatwa served as Deputy Minister of Health and Child Welfare until he was appointed as Minister of Health and Child Welfare in August 2002. He replaced Timothy Stamps, who was ill; Parirenyatwa had already been effectively in charge of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13616149",
"chunk_text": "\"Cabinet of Zimbabwe\"\nto be a pathologist but is not listed in the Medical and Dental Practitioners Council of Zimbabwe registry and has not practiced as such in Zimbabwe Cabinet of Zimbabwe The Cabinet of Zimbabwe is an executive body of appointed government ministers. Until 1987, the Cabinet was chaired by the Prime Minister; it is now headed by the President. On 30 November 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded ousted President Robert Mugabe, formed a new cabinet. On 3 December 2017, Mnangagwa replaced two of his ministers amidst criticism by opposition parties. On 7 September 2018, President Mnangagwa appointed a new cabinet after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17967205",
"chunk_text": "\"Rugare Gumbo\"\nRugare Gumbo Rugare Eleck Ngidi Gumbo (born 8 February 1940) is a Zimbabwean politician. He is former Minister of Economic Development in Zimbabwe government. He grew up in colonial in Belingwe district (renamed Mberengwa after independence) district of Rhodesia on the 8th of March in 1940, and was educated at a government secondary school. From his early teens he was involved in nationalist politics, and at the age of 22 was a branch chairman of the Fort Victoria (now Masvingo) ZAPU party under Joshua Nkomo. Gumbo was appointed as Minister of Economic Development in April 2005, following the March 2005",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6053192",
"chunk_text": "\"Lazarus Dokora\"\nLazarus Dokora Lazarus Dokora was the Zimbabwe Minister of Education, Sport and Culture. On November 27, 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded ousted President Robert Mugabe, announced the dissolution of the Zimbabwe Cabinet, leaving only Patrick Chinamasa and Simbarashe Mumbengegwi as acting ministers of Finance and Foreign Affairs respectively. Dokora was an MP from Rushinga National Assembly, before losing to Wonder Mashange in the general elections in 2013. He was appointed as the Minister of Primary and Secondary Education on November 30, 2017 by President Emmerson Mnangagwa. He was dropped by Mnangagwa as Minister for Primary and Secondary Education on 2",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16282173",
"chunk_text": "\"Aeneas Chigwedere\"\nboy because he felt that the boy's dreadlocks did not conform to the school dress code. The decision was overturned by the Supreme Court. Aeneas Chigwedere Aeneas Chigwedere () (born 25 November 1939) is a Zimbabwean politician, historian, educationist, and traditional leader. He served as the Minister of Education, Sports, & Culture since August 2001, and was appointed as the Resident Minister and Governor of Mashonaland East Province in August 2008. He was installed as Headman Svosve Mubayiwa the 10th in March 2008. Aeneas Soko Chigwedere was born in Hwedza district, Zimbabwe. His father was a teacher and had worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11172355",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Nhema\"\n11 May 2007 to head the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development. When the ZANU–PF–Movement for Democratic Change national unity government was sworn in on 13 February 2009, Nhema was included in the Cabinet as Minister of the Environment. Francis Nhema Francis Nhema (born 17 April 1959) is a Zimbabwean politician, who served as Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Empowerment from 2013 to 2014. He previously was Minister of the Environment and Tourism. He is MP of the Shurugwi District. He was educated at Strathclyde University in Scotland. He benefited from the seizure of land from white farmers, taking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1696488",
"chunk_text": "\"Bybit Lydia Tsomondo\"\nBybit Lydia Tsomondo Bybit Lydia Tsomondo (born 1963) is a Zimbabwean politician and mayor of Norton Municipality. She was born in Murehwa, Mashonaland east of Harare, Zimbabwe. Currently she sits in central committee as the secretary for gender in the ZANU-PF women's league. In 2002 Tsomondo went famous when she dropped from running as a member of parliament paving way for Patrick Zhuwao a nephew of Zimbabwe president and ZANU-PF leader Robert Mugabe and Zhuwao later on became the deputy minister of youth. She is married to the husband Shepherd Tsomondo and they have six children and the husband went",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175307",
"chunk_text": "\"Kembo Mohadi\"\nportfolio. On June 23, 2018, an explosion at a campaign rally in Bulawayo hospitalized Mohadi, in what the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation called an assassination attempt. Kembo Mohadi Kembo Dugish Campbell Mohadi (born 15 November 1949) is one of two Vice-Presidents of Zimbabwe since 28 December 2017. He briefly served as the Minister of Defence, Security and War Veterans in 2017. Previously he was Minister of State for National Security in the President's Office from 2015 to 2017 and Minister of Home Affairs from 2002 to 2015. Having previously served as Deputy Minister of Local Government, he was appointed as Minister",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6239419",
"chunk_text": "\"David Parirenyatwa\"\nDavid Parirenyatwa Pagwesese David Parirenyatwa (born August 2, 1950) is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as Minister of Health from 2013 to 2018. Previously he served as Minister of Health from 2002 to 2009. He is a medical doctor by profession. Parirenyatwa served as Deputy Minister of Health and Child Welfare until he was appointed as Minister of Health and Child Welfare in August 2002. He replaced Timothy Stamps, who was ill; Parirenyatwa had already been effectively in charge of the ministry for some time due to Stamps' illness. Itai Rusike, Executive Director of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12882180",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Mangwana\"\na new Constitution for Zimbabwe. The constitution making process was the subject of a documentary, Democrats (film) by Danish filmmaker Camilla Nielsson, in which Mangwana is featured prominently alongside Mwonzora. Paul Mangwana Paul Mangwana (born 10 August 1961) is a Zimbabwean politician, who has previously served in the cabinet of Zimbabwe. Mangwana, who had previously served as Deputy Minister of Transport and Communications, was appointed as Minister of State for State Enterprises and Parastatals on 25 August 2002. He was subsequently appointed as Minister of Labour and Social Welfare on 9 February 2004 and later served as acting Minister of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16281061",
"chunk_text": "\"Matabeleland South Province\"\noversees provincial affairs and sits in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. The governor is appointed by the President of Zimbabwe and is not appointed to a set term. Historically, the governor held the title Governor of Matabeleland South, but the office has since been renamed to align with the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe, which does not allow for provincial governors. The current Minister of State for Matabeleland South Province is Abednico Ncube, a ZANU–PF member who was appointed by President Emmerson Mnangagwa in December 2017. Matabeleland South Province is divided into six districts: Beitbridge, Bulilima, Gwanda,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1693197",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Nhema\"\nFrancis Nhema Francis Nhema (born 17 April 1959) is a Zimbabwean politician, who served as Minister of Youth Development, Indigenisation and Empowerment from 2013 to 2014. He previously was Minister of the Environment and Tourism. He is MP of the Shurugwi District. He was educated at Strathclyde University in Scotland. He benefited from the seizure of land from white farmers, taking over a 10 km² farm, Nyamanda, in the Karoi district about 200 km north of Harare, from farmer Chris Shepherd. During his tenure as Minister for the Environment, national parks have suffered greatly from poaching. He was elected on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6753738",
"chunk_text": "Zimbabwe\nZANU-PF sacked Robert Mugabe as party leader and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place. On 21 November 2017, Mugabe tendered his resignation prior to impeachment proceedings being completed. The name \"\"Zimbabwe\"\" stems from a Shona term for Great Zimbabwe, an ancient ruined city in the country's south-east whose remains are now a protected site. Two different theories address the origin of the word. Many sources hold that \"\"Zimbabwe\"\" derives from \"\"dzimba-dza-mabwe\"\", translated from the Karanga dialect of Shona as \"\"houses of stones\"\" (\"\"dzimba\"\" = plural of \"\"imba\"\", \"\"house\"\"; \"\"mabwe\"\" = plural of \"\"bwe\"\", \"\"stone\"\"). The Karanga-speaking Shona",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6655302",
"chunk_text": "Chitungwiza\npeople in Zimbabwe including the late John Chibadura (Mr Chitungwiza also Longest reigning King of Sungura), Charles Charamba, Prophet Emmanuel Makandiwa, Prophet Walter Magaya, and Alick Macheso. Governing Structures In Chitungwiza, a prospective city the services are provided by Chitungwiza Municipality which is run by the Chitungwiza Municipality Ward Councillors. There are 25 wards in Chitungwiza, and from the 25 ward councillors, a mayor, deputy mayor and finance committee chairperson are selected from these councillors. The councillors including those elected for posts serve for 5-year term of office and are overally elected by the ward residents on Zimbabwe hamornised elections.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4607617",
"chunk_text": "\"Giles Mutsekwa\"\nGiles Mutsekwa Giles Mutsekwa (born 14 September 1948) is a Zimbabwean politician. He was appointed to the unity government as one of two co-ministers of Home Affairs by Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai in February 2009 and sworn into office on February 13. He concurrently served as secretary for Security and Intelligence of the MDC-T, and served as MP for Mutare North from 2000 to 2008. In 2010, he was reassigned and became Minister for Housing. Earlier in his political career, he was a member of Zimbabwe Unity Movement and the Manicaland Provincial Chairman. He also joined The Democratic Party and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2054779",
"chunk_text": "\"Kirsty Coventry\"\nHarare in Zimbabwe. On 10 August 2013, Coventry married Tyrone Seward who had been her manager since 2010. With seven Olympic medals, Coventry is the most decorated Olympian from Africa. Together with Krisztina Egerszegi, she also won the most individual Olympic medals in women's swimming. She competed at five Olympics, from 2000–2016. She won all but one of Zimbabwe's Olympic medals. Kirsty Coventry Kirsty Leigh Coventry (born 16 September 1983) is the current Minister of Youth, Sport, Arts and Recreation in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe as of September 2018. She is a former swimmer and world record holder, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3734019",
"chunk_text": "\"Perence Shiri\"\nin the 1980s. In October 2013, Shiri's son, Titus Takudzwa Chikerema, died aged 21. Perence Shiri Perence Shiri (born Bigboy Samson Chikerema on 11 January 1955 ) is a retired Zimbabwean air officer serving as Minister of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement since 1 December 2017 in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe. He was the commander of the Air Force of Zimbabwe and member of the Joint Operations Command which exerts day-by-day control over Zimbabwe's government. Perence Shiri is a cousin of former President Robert Mugabe. He has called himself \"\"Black Jesus\"\", because according to an anonymous claim on BBC \"\"Panorama\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6831234",
"chunk_text": "\"Auxillia Mnangagwa\"\nAuxillia Mnangagwa Auxillia Mnangagwa (born 25 March 1963) is a Zimbabwean politician and has served as the First Lady of Zimbabwe since November 2017, as the wife of President Emmerson Mnangagwa. After spending over ten years at the Ministry of Manpower and Development, she joined the Prime Minister's office in 1992. She was elected as a Zanu-PF Member of Parliament in 2015, serving for the same constituency as her husband after he became Vice-President under Robert Mugabe. Born on 25 March 1963 in Mazowe District in Mashonaland Central, Auxillia was the second child in a family of five. She was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7397455",
"chunk_text": "\"Gorden Moyo\"\nGorden Moyo Gorden Moyo was the Minister of State Enterprises and Parastatals in the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe; he was appointed to this post following a reshuffle of MDC-T Ministers in the Cabinet by MDC-T President and Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai in June 2010. Prior to June 2010, Gorden Moyo was the Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office. He was minister up to 31 July 2013, at the end of the government of national Unity (GNU). He was voted in as member of Parliament for Makokoba constituency in 2008 and reelected in 2013 on MDC-T ticket.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14494410",
"chunk_text": "\"Ministry of Women's Affairs, Gender and Community Development (Zimbabwe)\"\nMinistry of Women's Affairs, Gender and Community Development (Zimbabwe) The Ministry of Women's Affairs, Gender and Community Development is a government ministry, responsible for gender and community issues in Zimbabwe. The most recent minister was Olivia Muchena since February 13, 2009 and the deputy minister was Evelyn Masaiti. It was established in 2005 and was headed by Opa Muchinguri from its inception until January 3, 2009, when she was dismissed from office. Sithembiso Nyoni gained the portfolio of the office until Muchena was sworn into office. On 30 November, incumbent President Emmerson Mnangagwa appointed Sithembiso Nyoni as the minister for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19175349",
"chunk_text": "\"Ambrose Mutinhiri\"\nyo Grace Mugabe. Ambrose Mutinhire got less than 0.01% of the votes that was won by Emmerson Mnangagwa of Zanu Pf Ambrose Mutinhiri Ambrose Mutinhiri (born 22 February 1944) is a Zimbabwean politician, formally served as the Minister of Youth Development and Employment Creation. A retired army commander and brigadier known by the name General De-Goal, he was appointed as Minister of Youth Development, Gender and Employment Creation on February 9, 2004. He was trained in Russia during the Rhodesian Bush War. He is known for training the best calibre of soldiers during this period, even the late General Solomon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11644230",
"chunk_text": "\"Supa Mandiwanzira\"\nSupa Mandiwanzira Supa Collins Mandiwanzira (born 18 September 1972) is a Zimbabwean politician and journalist who served as the Minister of Information Communication Technology (2014-2017) and then Minister of Information Communication Technology and Cyber Security in the Cabinet of Zimbabwe from November 2017 to September 2018. His earlier portfolio had been merged with cybersecurity. He is a member of the Zanu-PF political party. He was the founder of the ZiFM Stereo radio station, and the online ZiTV station. Mandiwanzira was born in the Sakubva suburb of Mutare, Manicaland Province. He married his wife, Ruth, in 1998 and they have several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12925976",
"chunk_text": "\"7th Parliament of Zimbabwe\"\nten seats reserved for provincial governors and three of the five special non-constituency Senate seats. Chris Mushohwe was appointed Resident Minister and Governor for Manicaland Province, Ephraim Masawi for Mashonaland Central, Aeneas Chigwedere for Mashonaland East, and Faber Chidarikire for Mashonaland West. The remaining Resident Ministers and Governors—Cain Mathema for Bulawayo, David Karimanzira for Harare, Thokozile Mathuthu for Matabeleland North, and Angeline Masuku for Matabeleland South—were reappointed to their posts. (Mugabe did not appoint governors for Midlands and Masvingo provinces at that time.) The three non-constituency senators appointed that day were Vice-President Joseph Msika, Patrick Chinamasa, and John Nkomo, who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_650
|
who are the dallas cowboys playing on thanksgiving?
|
n/a
|
[
"Los Angeles Chargers",
"the Detroit Lions"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "104424",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nNFL on Thanksgiving Day Since its inception in 1920, the National Football League has played games on Thanksgiving Day, patterned upon the historic playing of college football games on and around the Thanksgiving holiday. Since 1978, the NFL's Thanksgiving Day games have traditionally included one game hosted by the Detroit Lions, and one game hosted by the Dallas Cowboys. Since 2006, with the advent of the NFL's then-new \"\"Thursday Night Football\"\" package, a third primetime game has also been played on Thanksgiving. Unlike the traditional afternoon games, this game has no fixed host and has featured different teams annually. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594333",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nhome for Thanksgiving, which has since become an annual tradition. In 2017, the team initially announced that they will wear blue jerseys at home on a more regular basis, only to rescind soon after. In 2015, the Cowboys released their Color Rush uniform, featuring a variation of the 1990s \"\"Double Star\"\" alternates with white pants and socks. The uniform was first used in a Thanksgiving game against the Carolina Panthers and in subsequent \"\"Thursday Night Football\"\" games during the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The Cowboys also unveiled a navy uniform-white pants combination which was first used on December 10, 2017",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "104458",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nThanksgiving. Westwood One most recently held national radio broadcast rights to all three games, with Compass Media Networks sharing rights to the Cowboys contest. (Under league rules, only radio stations that carry at least 12 Cowboys games in a season are allowed to carry the Compass broadcast.) The participating teams also air the games on their local flagship stations and regional radio networks. The Cowboys Thanksgiving game has regularly been the most watched NFL regular season telecast each year, with the Lions Thanksgiving game usually in the top five. NFL on Thanksgiving Day Since its inception in 1920, the National",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "104457",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\n\"\"Thursday Night Football\"\" rights expired after the 2017 season, after which Fox won the bidding. The league then scheduled all three games in 2018 to feature NFC vs. NFC opponents, with CBS given the Chicago Bears as the Lions' opponent for the early game while Fox carries the Washington at Dallas late afternoon game. NBC still held the rights to the Thanksgiving night game, Atlanta Falcons at New Orleans Saints. (The same year, the league expanded its flexible scheduling policies to include days other than Sundays.) To date, the NFL has never assigned an AFC road game to Fox on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514816",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nand Cowboys' division rivals for the contests so that ratings are maximized; seven out of the ten Thanksgiving games involving the Lions or Cowboys since 2014 have involved a team in the same division, while only one (a 2017 contest between the Cowboys and Los Angeles Chargers) has involved the AFC. The Los Angeles Rams have the longest active appearance drought of any team, with their last appearance coming in 1975. Among current NFL markets, Cleveland has had the longest wait to have a team from its city play on Thanksgiving; the Browns last appeared in 1989, several years before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9933520",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Dallas Cowboys season\"\n2018 Dallas Cowboys season The 2018 season is the Dallas Cowboys' 59th and current in the National Football League (NFL), their 30th under the ownership of Jerry Jones, their 10th playing their home games at AT&T Stadium, and their eighth full season under head coach Jason Garrett. AT&T Stadium is also the first stadium venue to host the annual draft. For the first time since 2009, wide receiver Dez Bryant was not on the opening day roster, as he was released on April 13, 2018 and signed with the New Orleans Saints on November 7, 2018. For the first time",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12998494",
"chunk_text": "\"American football on Thanksgiving\"\nthe NFL upon its founding in 1920, and as such, the NFL has played on Thanksgiving ever since. The Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys have played home games on Thanksgiving since 1934 and 1966, respectively, in a traditional series of NFL games. Beginning in 2006, the NFL added a third game on Thanksgiving night with a rotating host team. The rival American Football League also played on Thanksgiving in the 1960s, as did the All-America Football Conference in the 1940s and the original AFL in 1926. In the Canadian Football League, where games are played on Canadian Thanksgiving, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514808",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\ncarry an AFC team; by 2018, the last vestiges of conference ties to the Thanksgiving games were eliminated (in practice, games on Fox remain all-NFC contests). Since teams playing on Thanksgiving have worn throwback uniforms on numerous occasions. In some years (namely 2002), it extended to nearly all games of the weekend, and in some cases also involved classic field logos at the respective stadiums. In 2001–2004, and again in 2008, 2010, and 2017 the Detroit Lions have worn throwback uniforms based on their very early years. From 2001 to 2003, Dallas chose to represent the 1990s Cowboys dynasty by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514810",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\ntime since 1963. In 2015, the Cowboys resurrected their 1994 white \"\"Double-Star\"\" jerseys only this time wore them with white pants as part of the league's \"\"Color Rush\"\", a trial run of specially-designed, monochromatic jerseys to be worn during Thursday games. It has remained a tradition for Dallas and Detroit to host the afternoon games dating back several decades. However, in recent years, other teams have expressed interest in hosting Thanksgiving games. Lamar Hunt, the former owner of the Chiefs (who had hosted Thanksgiving games from 1967–69 as an AFL team prior to the merger), lobbied heavily in favor of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5467405",
"chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\ncreation. The Detroit Lions have hosted a game every Thanksgiving Day from 1934 to 1938 and again every year since 1945. In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys, who had been founded six years earlier, adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games. The league added a third game in prime time in 2006, which aired on the NFL Network, then moved to NBC in 2012. The third game has no set site or team, providing an opportunity for all teams in the league to host a Thanksgiving game in the future. For college football teams that participate in the highest level (all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15395082",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 Dallas Cowboys season\"\ntime. Thanksgiving Day game In the traditional Thanksgiving game, the Cowboys hosted the Washington Redskins, who had just came off a victory against the Green Bay Packers. In a game of catch-up, the Redskins never led; however, they made a valiant effort in the fourth quarter to take the lead. The Cowboys held them off and won the game, thus extending their winning streak to ten games for the first time in franchise history. The Cowboys traveled to Minnesota to take on the struggling Vikings following their loss against the Detroit Lions on Thanksgiving. In a rather tightly contested game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12978141",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Dallas Cowboys season\"\n8-6 on the season. 2018 Dallas Cowboys season The 2018 season is the Dallas Cowboys' 59th and current in the National Football League (NFL), their 30th under the ownership of Jerry Jones, their 10th playing their home games at AT&T Stadium, and their eighth full season under head coach Jason Garrett. AT&T Stadium is also the first stadium venue to host the annual draft. For the first time since 2009, wide receiver Dez Bryant was not on the opening day roster, as he was released on April 13, 2018 and signed with the New Orleans Saints on November 7, 2018.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514806",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\n(and received) an agreement guaranteeing the Cowboys a spot on Thanksgiving Day forever. Since 1978, Thanksgiving games have been hosted in Detroit and Dallas every year, with Detroit in the early time slot and Dallas in the late afternoon slot. Because of TV network commitments in place through the 2013 season, to make sure that both the AFC-carrying network (NBC from 1965 to 1997, and CBS since 1998) and the NFC-carrying network (CBS from 1956 to 1993, and Fox since 1994) got at least one game each, one of these games was between NFC opponents, and one featured AFC-NFC opponents.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514814",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nfor Thanksgiving), the calls for Detroit and Dallas to be removed have curtailed. \"\"Of current NFL franchises. This includes American Football League (AFL) games; however, it does not include All-America Football Conference (AAFC) games.\"\" The last currently active franchise to have never played on Thanksgiving through is the Jacksonville Jaguars, who joined the league in . An idiosyncrasy in the NFL's current scheduling formula, which has been in effect in its basic form since 2002, effectively prevented teams from the AFC North from playing the Lions or Cowboys on Thanksgiving, as the formula had the AFC North playing in Dallas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4540469",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Dallas Cowboys season\"\n2017 Dallas Cowboys season The 2017 Dallas Cowboys season was the franchise's 58th season in the National Football League, the ninth playing their home games at AT&T Stadium and the seventh full season under head coach Jason Garrett. It was also the 29th season under owner Jerry Jones, meaning that by the end of the season his tenure as owner was equal to the combined tenures of previous owners Clint Murchison Jr. and H.R. \"\"Bum\"\" Bright. For the first time since 2002, quarterback Tony Romo was not on the opening day roster, as he announced his retirement on April 4,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4540488",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Dallas Cowboys season\"\nand signed with the Minnesota Vikings on September 17, 2018. 2017 Dallas Cowboys season The 2017 Dallas Cowboys season was the franchise's 58th season in the National Football League, the ninth playing their home games at AT&T Stadium and the seventh full season under head coach Jason Garrett. It was also the 29th season under owner Jerry Jones, meaning that by the end of the season his tenure as owner was equal to the combined tenures of previous owners Clint Murchison Jr. and H.R. \"\"Bum\"\" Bright. For the first time since 2002, quarterback Tony Romo was not on the opening",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594330",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nThanksgiving Day. This jersey was used for special occasions and was worn throughout the 1994–1995 playoffs. During the same season, the Cowboys also wore their 1960–63 road jersey with a silver helmet for one game as part of a league-wide \"\"throwback\"\" policy. During the 1995 season, the team wore the navy \"\"Double-Star\"\" jersey for games at Washington and Philadelphia and permanently switched to solid color socks (royal blue for the white uniform, and navy blue for the dark uniform). The navy \"\"Double-Star\"\" jersey was not seen again until the NFL's \"\"Classic Throwback Weekend\"\" on Thanksgiving Day 2001–2003. In 2004, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8397056",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nhome loss to the Arizona Cardinals 28–17 with backup QB Brandon Weeden. Romo returned in Week 9 to lead a 31–17 victory of the Jacksonville Jaguars which was played at Wembley Stadium in London, England as part of the NFL International Series. Dallas played their traditional Thanksgiving home game against division rival Philadelphia. Both teams were vying for first place in the division with identical 8–3 records. The Eagles got off to a fast start and the Cowboys were unable to catch up, losing 33–10. They would rebound the next week when they defeated Chicago 41–28. Week 15 was a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2049257",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League on television\"\nextensions have, for the first time, allowed the networks to broadcast games on the Internet. Thanksgiving Day contests have been held since before the league's inception. The Detroit Lions have hosted a game every Thanksgiving since 1934 (with the exception of 1939–1944 due to the \"\"Franksgiving\"\" confusion and World War II), and they have been nationally televised since 1953. The first color television broadcast of an NFL regular season game was the 1965 Thanksgiving contest between the Lions and Baltimore Colts. In 1966, the NFL introduced an annual game hosted by the Dallas Cowboys, which has been played every year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514812",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nteam also required an extension to prevent a local television blackout. The Lions were routed by Tennessee 47–10, en route to the team's 0–16 season. NFL commissioner Roger Goodell confirmed that the Lions would stay on Thanksgiving for the 2009 season, but kept the issue open to revisit in the future. Conversely, the Dallas Cowboys, who typically represent a larger television draw, have had many fewer public calls to be replaced on Thanksgiving. One issue that has been debated is a perceived unfair advantage of playing at home on Thanksgiving. The advantage is given in the form of an extra",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12419155",
"chunk_text": "\"Bart vs. Thanksgiving\"\nwas turned into a balloon for the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. While watching the Thanksgiving football game, Homer says he is cheering for the Dallas Cowboys. Two of the fictional Dallas Cowboys players are named Jay Kogen and Wallace Wolodarsky after two writers on \"\"The Simpsons\"\". The song that plays on the radio during the break in the Thanksgiving football game is \"\"Get Dancing\"\" by Disco-Tex and the Sex-O-Lettes. The game is played at the Pontiac Silverdome, then home to the Detroit Lions, who also play on Thanksgiving. Lisa says the following about her centerpiece: \"\"It's a tribute to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11772745",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nThe 1960–1963 uniform may also be used on other special occasion. Other instances include the 2005 Monday Night game against the Washington Redskins when the team inducted Troy Aikman, Emmitt Smith, and Michael Irving into the Cowboys Ring of Honor, and the 2006 Christmas Day game against the Philadelphia Eagles. In 2013, the NFL issued a new helmet rule stating that players will no longer be allowed to use alternate helmets due to the league's enhanced concussion awareness. This caused the Cowboys' white 1960s throwback helmets to become non-compliant. The team instead decided to wear their normal blue jerseys at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594351",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nCowboys came into the game at a disadvantage with starting quarterback Tony Romo out with a season ending back injury which put backup Kyle Orton as the starter. It was a tight game with the Eagles up 24–22 with less than 2 minutes to go in regulation. Orton got the ball and started driving down the field when he was intercepted by the Eagles defense, which ended the game and the Cowboys season. In 2014, the Cowboys and Eagles both won against each other on the road, with Philadelphia posting a dominant 33–10 win on Thanksgiving Day in Dallas, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12533674",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nlater be absorbed into the NFL, also held Thanksgiving contests, although neither of those leagues had permanent hosts. Likewise, the AFL of 1926 also played two Thanksgiving games in its lone season of existence, while the AFL of 1936 hosted one in its first season, which featured the Cleveland Rams, a future NFL team, and the 1940–41 incarnation of the American Football League played two games in 1940 on the earlier \"\"Franksgiving\"\" date. In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys, who had been founded six years earlier, adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games. It is widely rumored that the Cowboys sought",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4611303",
"chunk_text": "KTVT\nthe American Football Conference, Cowboys game telecasts on KTVT during the regular season are limited to interconference games against AFC teams played at AT&T Stadium (including those held every other year on Thanksgiving Day) and, since 2014, cross-flexed games originally scheduled to air on Fox against its fellow teams in the National Football Conference (NFC). Most other regular season games televised over-the-air locally air on KDFW, which has served as the Cowboys' primary local broadcaster since 1962 (with the exception of a one-season absence due to the transfer of NFC television rights to Fox in 1994, in the precursor to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594331",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nCowboys resurrected their original 1960–1963 uniform on Thanksgiving Day. This uniform became the team's alternate or \"\"third jersey\"\" and was usually worn at least once a year, primarily Thanksgiving Day. Two exceptions were when the Cowboys wore their normal white uniforms on Thanksgiving in 2007 and 2008. While the team didn't wear the throwback uniform exactly on Thanksgiving Day in those two years, Dallas wore them on a date around Thanksgiving for those two years. In 2007 Dallas wore the throwback uniform on November 29, 2007 against the Green Bay Packers. In 2008 Dallas wore the throwback uniform on November",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11772750",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nWith the 2002 victory, it seems an exception to the theory of the blue jersey jinx is invoked on Thanksgiving. Thus, the Cowboys continued wearing blue at home on Thanksgiving from 2003–2006, however it was always an older-styled alternate blue jersey. In 2007 and 2008, the Cowboys returned to wearing white at home for their Thanksgiving game. Since 2009, the Cowboys returned to wearing blue at home on Thanksgiving only. (From 2009–2012, the team again decided to go with an older-styled blue uniform as they had in previous years on Thanksgiving, and since 2013 have worn the newer-styled blue jersey.)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594338",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\ntheir regular blue jerseys for their Thanksgiving game, something they have not done at home since Schramm started the white-jersey-at-home tradition. With the Cowboys traditionally hosting Thanksgiving Day games, separate practice uniforms have been used for these games in recent years. Through the 2000 season, the Cowboys continued the usual practice of wearing white at home. In 2001, the Cowboys wore blue at home for the first time in years with was an older design of the blue jersey. Dallas would lose the game, but again wore the older blue jersey at home on Thanksgiving the next year and won.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2032629",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League Christmas games\"\nthe Arizona Cardinals hosted the Dallas Cowboys on ABC's \"\"Monday Night Football\"\" in 1995, and on the NFL Network in 2010. However, in this case, each game was played at a different venue – the 1995 game at Sun Devil Stadium (where the Cowboys won Super Bowl XXX a month later), and the 2010 game at University of Phoenix Stadium. \"\"By Franchise (as of 2017 NFL Season)\"\" There have also been several games played on Christmas Eve over the years, the most famous of these being an Oakland Raiders-Baltimore Colts playoff contest in which culminated in a play immortalized as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20881179",
"chunk_text": "\"2009 Dallas Cowboys season\"\n2009 Dallas Cowboys season The 2009 Dallas Cowboys season was the 50th anniversary for the team in the National Football League. It was the team's first season playing at Cowboys Stadium. Their victory over the Oakland Raiders on November 26 extended their Thanksgiving winning streak to four in a row and also ended a three-game losing streak to the Raiders. They also ended the Saints' bid for a perfect season after a 13–0 start with a 24–17 victory on December 19, 2009. The Cowboys punched their ticket to the playoffs on December 27 after beating the Washington Redskins 17–0. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11028071",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nDallas Cowboys The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and plays its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas, which opened for the 2009 season. The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season. The Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in . The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15514809",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nwearing the navy \"\"Double-Star\"\" jersey not seen since 1995. In , the team wore uniforms not seen since . In 2009, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the AFL, both Dallas and Oakland played in a \"\"AFL Legacy Game.\"\" In 2013, the Cowboys intended to wear their 1960s throwbacks, but chose not to do so after the NFL adopted a new policy requiring players and teams to utilize only one helmet a season to address the league's new concussion protocol; rather than sport an incomplete throwback look, the Cowboys instead wore their standard blue jerseys at home for the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14440523",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League on television\"\nThanksgiving games mirrored the aforementioned AFC and NFC packages, with AFC away games carried on the AFC network (CBS since 1998) and NFC away games carried on the NFC network (Fox since 1994). Since the Detroit Lions and Dallas Cowboys — the traditional hosts of Thanksgiving Day games — are both NFC teams, one of the two games was an intra-conference game, and the other an interconference game. This setup provides one game each for Fox and CBS. From 2006 to 2011, a third game (no fixed teams) was established on the NFL Network. Starting in , the third game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9933524",
"chunk_text": "\"2018 Dallas Cowboys season\"\ngame. This loss dropped them to 3-5 on the season. The Cowboys played an excellent game and stopped the Eagles late to seal the game. They improved to 4-5 with this win. Maher kicked a game-winning field goal as time expired. The Cowboys improved to 5-5 with this win. Rookie linebacker Leighton Vander Esch put up a stellar performance with his 2nd interception in two weeks, which set up a crucial Ezekiel Elliott touchdown run. NFL on Thanksgiving Day The Cowboys played an excellent game and got revenge on their division rivals. Dak Prescott connected with Amari Cooper for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11772751",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nIn the 2015 season, the Cowboys wore their Color Rush variation of the 1990s \"\"Double Star\"\" jerseys for a Thanksgiving game against the Carolina Panthers. The Cotton Bowl is a stadium which opened in 1932 and became known as \"\"The House That Doak Built\"\" due to the immense crowds that former SMU running back Doak Walker drew to the stadium during his college career in the late 1940s. Originally known as the Fair Park Bowl, it is located in Fair Park, site of the State Fair of Texas. Concerts or other events using a stage allow the playing field to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16161123",
"chunk_text": "\"American football on Thanksgiving\"\nAmerican football on Thanksgiving American football is one of the many traditions in American culture that is associated with Thanksgiving Day. Virtually every level of football, from amateur and high school to college and the NFL (including the CFL on Canadian Thanksgiving), plays football on Thanksgiving Day (Thursday) or the immediately following holiday weekend (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday). Thanksgiving Day football games in the United States are nearly as old as the game—and the organized holiday—themselves. The first Thanksgiving Day football game took place in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on Thanksgiving Day of 1869, less than two weeks after Rutgers defeated Princeton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6870096",
"chunk_text": "\"American football on Thanksgiving\"\nfootball games listed above are played on the Friday or Saturday after the holiday. Texas, as previously mentioned, has had more or less of a permanent spot on the night of the holiday itself since at least 2008. Professional football teams and leagues have played on Thanksgiving from the start, with pro leagues and teams having played on Thanksgiving since the 1890s. It carried over when Buffalo and Rochester, two members of the New York Pro Football League which had held its championship on Thanksgiving 1919, and the Ohio League, which traditionally held its marquee matchups on Thanksgiving, combined into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12069440",
"chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\n2009 to 2011; the Atlanta Hawks hosted the early game each year, while the Los Angeles Clippers hosted the late game in both 2010 and 2011 (both of the 2011 NBA Thanksgiving games were canceled due to a labor dispute). The NBA has not scheduled any Thanksgiving games since then, mainly due to the move of the NFL's primetime Thanksgiving game to NBC. Though golf and auto racing are in their off-seasons on Thanksgiving, there are events in those sports that take place on Thanksgiving weekend. The Turkey Night Grand Prix is an annual automobile race that takes place at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12815545",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXVIII\"\nSuper Bowl XXVIII Super Bowl XXVIII was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1993 season. The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 30–13, winning their fourth Super Bowl in team history, tying the Pittsburgh Steelers and the San Francisco 49ers for most Super Bowl wins. The game was played on January 30, 1994, at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. Since the 1993 regular season was conducted over 18 weeks (two byes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12533689",
"chunk_text": "\"NFL on Thanksgiving Day\"\nawarded the first \"\"Turkey Leg Award\"\", for the game's most valuable player. Pursuant to its name, it was an actual cooked turkey leg, and players typically took a celebratory bite out of the leg for the cameras during post-game interviews. Reggie White of the Eagles was the first recipient. The gesture was seen mostly as a humorous gimmick relating to Madden's famous multi-legged turkey, cooked and delivered by local restaurant owner Joe Pat Fieseler of Harvey's Barbecue (located less than a mile from Texas Stadium). Since then, however, the award has gained subtle notoriety. Madden brought the award to FOX",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12284771",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League on television\"\nbased in the Central Time Zone, play against either the Raiders or Chargers; the Rams, who were based in St. Louis until , played against the 49ers in ; though the Arizona Cardinals are based in the Mountain Time Zone, they effectively observe Pacific Daylight Time until the first weekend of November due to not observing Daylight saving time, and played at the St. Louis Rams early in the 2012 season; the Raiders played at the Dallas Cowboys on Thanksgiving in 2013. Until 2014, teams that played on Thanksgiving in a given year typically did not appear on the NFL",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19403898",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Cowboys\"\nwere unable to capitalize on their momentum as they dropped 3 out of their next 4 games. One of those losses was a tight 31–29 game to eventual Super Bowl XLVII Champions the Baltimore Ravens. They entered their annual Thanksgiving home game with a 5–5 record. Their opponent on Turkey Day this year was upstart division rival Washington whom was being led by rookie QB Robert Griffin III. The Redskins got off to a quick start leading 21–3 at halftime. Dallas fought back in the second half but it wasn't enough which led to 38–31 loss. The Cowboys won their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19403905",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Cowboys\"\nThe Seahawks' loss in that game was only their 2nd home loss in the past three seasons. The streak was ended by their division rival Redskins in overtime 20–17. However, Romo once again injured his back. He was out the next game against Arizona where backup Brandon Weeden started. The Cardinals won 28–17. Romo returned in Week 10 as Dallas played in London, England for the first time ever against Jacksonville in NFL International Series. The Cowboys beat the Jaguars 31–17. Dallas entered their annual Thanksgiving home game with an 8–3, identical with their opponents the Eagles. Philadelphia got off",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15872152",
"chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nturkey. Sometimes, fowl native to the region where the meal is taking place is used; for example, an article in \"\"Texas Monthly\"\" magazine suggested quail as the main dish for a Texan Thanksgiving feast. John Madden, who appeared on television for the NFL Thanksgiving Day game from 1981 to 2001, frequently advocated his fondness for the turducken, deboned turkey, duck and chicken nested inside each other then cooked. In a few areas of the West Coast of the United States, Dungeness crab is common as an alternate main dish, as crab season starts in early November. Similarly, Thanksgiving falls within",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594336",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nagainst the Los Angeles Rams. Since the 1970 NFL-AFL merger, league rules were changed to allow the Super Bowl home team to pick their choice of jersey. Most of the time, Dallas will wear their blue jerseys when they visit Washington, Philadelphia (sometimes), Miami, or one of the handful of other teams that traditionally wear their white jerseys at home during the first half of the season due to the hot climates in their respective cities or other means. Occasionally opposing teams will wear their white jerseys at home to try to invoke the curse, such as when the Philadelphia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2049259",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League on television\"\nNFC teams play on Thanksgiving, as opposed to only one AFC outfit. During even years, the Lions play their Thanksgiving game against an AFC team, and thus are televised by the network holding the AFC package (NBC and later CBS); the Cowboys host an NFC team and are shown by the network with the NFC package (CBS and later Fox). During odd years, Dallas hosts an AFC team and Detroit plays an NFC opponent (usually another NFC North team, and often the Green Bay Packers, who draw high TV ratings). Every decade or so, this even-odd rotation was reversed, Detroit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20909198",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Dallas Cowboys season\"\nChiefs at AT&T Stadium November 5. With Ezekiel Elliott playing on a last-minute stay of his looming suspension and carrying the ball 27 times for 93 yards and one touchdown, and Dak Prescott throwing two touchdown passes to Cole Beasley, running for another score and finding receiver Terrance Williams nine times for a game high 141 yards, the Cowboys notched their third straight victory by a score of 28–17 and improved their record to 5–3 at AT&T Stadium against the AFC West division leading Kansas City Chiefs. Two long touchdown drives in the second half lifted Dallas to the win",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1880794",
"chunk_text": "\"Chris Barnes (bowler)\"\nhim to withdraw from the PBA Fall Classic in Las Vegas, NV, and putting his participation in the December 2015 PBA World Series of Bowling in doubt. The surgery is the same procedure that was done to Dallas Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo, and was performed by the same doctor. On November 20, 2018, Barnes was voted by his peers to receive the PBA Tony Reyes Community Service Award. Since 2005, Chris and wife Lynda have hosted an annual Barnes Thanksgiving Classic youth scholarship tournament in the Dallas area. On October 18, 2017, the PBA announced that Barnes had been voted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594363",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Cowboys\"\nSham left the team and joined the Texas Rangers' radio network team as well as broadcast Sunday Night Football on Westwood One. Seeking to expand its radio broadcasting scope nationally, the Cowboys began a five-year partnership with Compass Media Networks on February 2, 2011. The result was the America's Team Radio Network, a supplement to the franchise's regional one. Beginning with the 2011 season, Kevin Burkhardt and Danny White handled the broadcasts, with Jerry Recco as the studio host. Dallas Cowboys The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4540471",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Dallas Cowboys season\"\nBut 62 days later, on November 9, the suspension was reinstated when the Second Circuit Court of Appeals denied an emergency injunction. Elliott began serving the suspension on Week 10 against the Atlanta Falcons, and the suspension expired after Week 15 against the Oakland Raiders. After a Week 16 loss at home to the Seattle Seahawks, the Cowboys were mathematically eliminated from playoff contention. Notes Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. Dallas opened its third straight season at home against NFC East division rival New York. Giants WR Odell Beckham Jr. sat out the game still nursing a preseason",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_651
|
who sang i put a spell on you in hocus pocus?
|
n/a
|
[
"Bette Midler"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2155547",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You\"\nI Put a Spell on You \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" is a 1956 song written and composed by Jalacy \"\"Screamin' Jay\"\" Hawkins, whose own recording of it was selected as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. It was also ranked No. 313 on \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The selection became a classic cult song covered by a variety of artists and was his greatest commercial success, reportedly surpassing a million copies in sales, even though it failed to make the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12032060",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (1993 film)\"\nIntervention Tour, Bette Midler appeared on stage dressed as Winifred Sanderson. Her Harlettes appeared with her dressed as Mary and Sarah, and the three of them performed the film's version of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\". On September 15, 2015, the \"\"Hocus Pocus Villain Spelltacular\"\" was introduced at the Magic Kingdom as a part of Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party. The show introduces new actresses as the Sanderson Sisters, who try to make a villain party and summon or attract various Disney villains in the process. In September 2016, entertainment critic Aaron Wallace published \"\"Hocus Pocus in Focus: The Thinking",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3752208",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You (album)\"\nI Put a Spell on You (album) I Put a Spell on You is a studio album by American jazz singer, songwriter, and pianist Nina Simone. Recorded in 1964 and 1965 in New York City, it was released by Philips Records in 1965. It peaked at number 99 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart and number 9 on the UK Albums Chart. The title track, \"\"I Put a Spell on You,\"\" peaked at number 23 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and number 28 on the UK Singles Chart. AllMusic reviewer Richie Unterberger gave the album 3 stars out of 5,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18408857",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You\"\ntheatrical act was one of the first shock rock performances. \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" has been covered by other artists extensively; there are several hundred versions available on online stores like iTunes. Most of the covers treat the song seriously; few attempt to duplicate Hawkins' bravura performance. Although Hawkins' own version never charted, several later cover versions have. Other versions of note: I Put a Spell on You \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" is a 1956 song written and composed by Jalacy \"\"Screamin' Jay\"\" Hawkins, whose own recording of it was selected as one of the Rock",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2409302",
"chunk_text": "\"Demon Fuzz\"\nStephen Clive Turner had been offered (but did not take) 25 pounds for having them on the program. After he told BBC management about the incident, he was fired. Subsequently, the \"\"News of the World\"\" ran a story about the event. They signed with the Dawn Records division of Pye Records, for whom they released two recordings: the studio album \"\"Afreaka!\"\" (catalogue number DNLS 3013) and a maxi-single with the songs \"\"I Put A Spell on You\"\" (written by Screamin' Jay Hawkins), \"\"Message To Mankind\"\" and \"\"Fuzz Oriental Blues\"\", both released in 1970. Demon Fuzz's cover version of \"\"I Put",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "567568",
"chunk_text": "\"Béatrice Bonifassi\"\nthe late 19th and early 20th centuries. \"\"I heard Betty singing those blues songs, and she was the girl for that job,\"\" said Morin. With the success of \"\"Chill'em All\"\", Bonifassi toured for over two years with \"\"Champion & His G-Strings\"\". In 2008 the pair recorded a version of 1957 Screamin' Jay Hawkins hit \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" to be used as the theme song of the Québécois film \"\"Truffe\"\". Bonifassi and Charest collaborated on the soundtrack for the animated film \"\"The Triplets of Belleville (Les Triplettes de Belleville)\"\"; the film's main song, \"\"Belleville Rendez-vous\"\", was nominated for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5810996",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (song)\"\nHocus Pocus (song) \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" is a 1971 song from \"\"Moving Waves\"\", the second album by Dutch rock group Focus. It was written by guitarist Jan Akkerman and flautist-keyboardist Thijs van Leer. An edited version was released as a single (with \"\"Janis\"\" as the B-side) on the Imperial Records, Polydor and Blue Horizon labels in Europe in 1971, but it did not chart in the UK until 1973. A faster re-recording, \"\"Hocus Pocus 2\"\", was released as a single (with \"\"House of the King\"\" as the B-side) in Europe in 1972. \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" c/w \"\"Hocus Pocus II\"\" [\"\"sic\"\"] was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3699558",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (song)\"\nthe backdrop for in-car footage of Ayrton Senna's qualifying lap at the Monaco Grand Prix. The song was prominently featured in a scene of the 2017 film \"\"Baby Driver\"\". Hocus Pocus (song) \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" is a 1971 song from \"\"Moving Waves\"\", the second album by Dutch rock group Focus. It was written by guitarist Jan Akkerman and flautist-keyboardist Thijs van Leer. An edited version was released as a single (with \"\"Janis\"\" as the B-side) on the Imperial Records, Polydor and Blue Horizon labels in Europe in 1971, but it did not chart in the UK until 1973. A faster re-recording,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4182316",
"chunk_text": "\"Screamin' Jay Hawkins\"\nsubsequent acts. He opened for Fats Domino, Tiny Grimes and the Rolling Stones. This exposure in turn influenced rock groups such as Alice Cooper, Tom Waits, the Cramps, Screaming Lord Sutch, Black Sabbath, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Arthur Brown, Led Zeppelin, Marilyn Manson, Rob Zombie and Glenn Danzig. Screamin' Jay Hawkins Jalacy \"\"Screamin' Jay\"\" Hawkins (July 18, 1929 – February 12, 2000) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, and actor. Famed chiefly for his powerful, operatic vocal delivery and wildly theatrical performances of songs such as \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\", he sometimes used macabre props onstage, making him an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6383332",
"chunk_text": "\"Screamin' Jay Hawkins\"\nArthur Brown, Bryan Ferry, Buddy Guy with Carlos Santana, Tim Curry, Leon Russell, Joe Cocker, Nick Cave in a concert only version, Marilyn Manson, Mica Paris with David Gilmour, Jeff Beck and Joss Stone, Diamanda Galas, and Annie Lennox in 2014 for her Grammy nominated album \"\"Nostalgia\"\". Hawkins' original \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" was featured during the show and over the credits of Episode 303 of \"\"The Simpsons\"\". \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" was featured in the April 17, 2018 New York Times crossword puzzle. Hawkins' later releases included \"\"Constipation Blues\"\" (which included a spoken introduction by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6383326",
"chunk_text": "\"Screamin' Jay Hawkins\"\nScreamin' Jay Hawkins Jalacy \"\"Screamin' Jay\"\" Hawkins (July 18, 1929 – February 12, 2000) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, and actor. Famed chiefly for his powerful, operatic vocal delivery and wildly theatrical performances of songs such as \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\", he sometimes used macabre props onstage, making him an early pioneer of shock rock. Born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio, Hawkins studied classical piano as a child and learned guitar in his twenties. His initial goal was to become an opera singer (Hawkins cited Paul Robeson as his musical idol in interviews), but when his initial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5810997",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (song)\"\nas a single on the Sire Records label in the United States and Canada in 1973. It reached No. 20 in the UK, No. 18 in Canada, and No. 9 in the US during the spring and summer of 1973. It re-entered the UK charts at No. 57 on 6 June 2010 after being featured heavily on \"\"The Chris Moyles Show\"\" and in a Nike TV advert shown during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The song has been covered by the Vandals, and was recorded on their debut LP, \"\"When in Rome Do as The Vandals\"\" in 1984. \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
{
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"chunk_id": "16997079",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You\"\nas a ballad during his stint with Grand Records in late 1955. However, that version was not released at the time (it has since been reissued on Hawkins' UK Rev-Ola CD \"\"The Whamee 1953–55\"\"). The following year, Hawkins re-recorded the song for Columbia's Okeh Records – the notorious screaming version, which was released in October 1956. However, this version was banned from most radio programming for its outrageous 'cannibalistic' style. A truncated version was later released omitting the grunts and moans from the ending of the song, but the ban generally remained. Despite the ban, the record still sold over",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19050187",
"chunk_text": "\"Joanna St. Claire\"\nHaun, drummer Stephen Klong and rock bassist Dave Meros. She worked with engineer Tom Davis, composer Scooter Pietch, writer Stephen Pouliot and composer Tim Truman. Her work in the entertainment industry also includes singing, writing and producing original music for film and television for studios such as Showtime Television, Paramount Pictures and Columbia Pictures. One of her higher profile projects was the film \"\"Revenge\"\", where she wrote, produced and performed original music used in the film, specifically the song \"\"Are You Ready\"\" and earned praise from the film's score composer, Jack Nitzsche. She also performed \"\"I Put A Spell On",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11257557",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (1993 film)\"\nmusical score for \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" was composed and conducted by John Debney. James Horner was originally slated to score the film, but became unavailable at the last minute, so Debney had to score the entire film in two weeks. Even though he didn't score the film, Horner came back to write the theme for Sarah (sung by Sarah Jessica Parker, more commonly known as \"\"Come Little Children\"\") which is featured in Intrada's Complete Edition of the score. Debney released a promotional score through the internet containing 19 tracks from the film. Bootlegs were subsequently released across the internet, primarily because",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11861819",
"chunk_text": "\"Jesse Kinch\"\nto his mature singing ability and passionate performance skills. Shortly after the musical, Jesse was the opening act for the 80s rock band Living Colour and the headlining act at the \"\"Rock For Haiti\"\" benefit concert on Long Island. In 2014, Kinch auditioned on the premier episode of the US \"\"Rising Star\"\" show broadcast live on June 22 that year on ABC singing \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screaming Jay Hawkins getting 92% of votes including 7% from each of all three panelists and a standing ovation. During the \"\"duels\"\" round on July 16 against Will Roth, he",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12300039",
"chunk_text": "\"Carwyn Ellis\"\nWales, C2 and BBC Radio Cymru. Early in 2010, Ellis joined forces with Shane MacGowan, Nick Cave, Bobby Gillespie, Chrissie Hynde, Mick Jones, Glen Matlock, Paloma Faith, Cait O'Riordan, Johnny Depp, James and Robert Walbourne, to release a charity single covering the Screamin' Jay Hawkins hit \"\"I Put A Spell On You\"\". All the proceeds from the single went to Concern Worldwide to provide assistance to the victims of the earthquake that devastated Haiti. In autumn 2010, Ellis released Colorama's third album \"\"BOX\"\" on / Bad News Records (Victor Entertainment) in Japan and via See Monkey Do Monkey Recordings in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19240597",
"chunk_text": "\"Nina Simone\"\nAguilera, Elkie Brooks, Talib Kweli, Mos Def, Kanye West, Lena Horne, Bono, John Legend, Elizabeth Fraser, Cat Stevens, Anna Calvi, Cat Power, Lykke Li, Peter Gabriel, Justin Hayward, Maynard James Keenan, Cedric Bixler-Zavala, Mary J. Blige, Fantasia Barrino, Michael Gira, Angela McCluskey, Lauryn Hill, Patrice Babatunde, Alicia Keys, Alex Turner, Lana Del Rey, Hozier, Matt Bellamy, Ian MacKaye, Kerry Brothers, Jr., Krucial, Amanda Palmer, Steve Adey and Jeff Buckley. John Lennon cited Simone's version of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" as a source of inspiration for the Beatles' song \"\"Michelle\"\". American singer Meshell Ndegeocello released her own tribute album",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6383331",
"chunk_text": "\"Screamin' Jay Hawkins\"\nundermined his sincerity as a vocalist and a balladeer. In a 1973 interview, he bemoaned the Screamin' epithet given to him by his label Okeh records, saying \"\"If it were up to me, I wouldn’t be Screamin’ Jay Hawkins...James Brown did an awful lot of screamin’, but never got called Screamin’ James Brown...Why can’t people take me as a regular singer without making a bogeyman out of me?\"\" \"\"I Put a Spell On You\"\" became a classic cult song, covered by a variety of artists such as Creedence Clearwater Revival, Nina Simone, Alan Price, the Animals, Them with Van Morrison,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1059166",
"chunk_text": "Eefing\nBailey\"\". The group appear to have been session musicians assembled by the credited composer/producer Jerry Kennedy. The song \"\"Hillbilly Beatbox\"\" by The Evolution Control Committee prominently features eefing recordings. In 1971, the Dutch rock group Focus released the song \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\". The song prominently features eefing and became a hit in 1973, peaking at #9 on the Billboard 100. Eefing Eefing (also written eeephing, eephing, eeefing, eefin, or eefn<nowiki>'</nowiki>) is an Appalachian (United States) vocal technique similar to beatboxing, but nearly a century older. Jennifer Sharpe describes it as \"\"a kind of hiccupping, rhythmic wheeze that started in rural Tennessee",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9906512",
"chunk_text": "\"Tallulah (DJ)\"\ncriticism in the way you dress, especially during the ’60s.\"\" The first record Allam purchased was \"\"Then He Kissed Me\"\" by the Crystals (1963), which he bought from a record store in Maidstone. The first vinyl album he bought, \"\"I Put A Spell On You\"\" by Nina Simone (1965), was from HMV record store in Oxford Street, London. The initial moment Allam came face to face with his sexuality was when his parents sent him to ballroom dance classes at the Palace Theatre in Maidstone: \"\"Not the best thing to do with a son who’s slightly fey.\"\" Allam became fashion",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12400433",
"chunk_text": "\"Bette Midler\"\n\"\"Sister Act\"\" in 1992, which instead went to Whoopi Goldberg. Midler won an Emmy Award in 1992 for her performance on the penultimate episode of \"\"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\"\" in May 1992, during which she sang an emotion-laden \"\"One for My Baby (and One More for the Road)\"\" to Johnny Carson. That night, Midler began singing \"\"Here's That Rainy Day\"\", Carson's favorite song; Carson joined in a few lyrics later. In 1993, she starred with Sarah Jessica Parker and Kathy Najimy in the Walt Disney comedy fantasy film, \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\", as Winifred Sanderson, the head witch of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11363987",
"chunk_text": "\"Creedence Clearwater Revival\"\nwere released from the debut: a cover of Screamin' Jay Hawkins's \"\"I Put A Spell On You\"\" (No. 58) and \"\"Porterville\"\" (released on the Scorpio label with writing credited to \"\"T. Spicebush Swallowtail\"\"), written during Fogerty's time in the Army Reserve. After their breakthrough, CCR began touring and started work on their second album, \"\"Bayou Country\"\" (1969), at RCA Studios in Los Angeles. A No. 7 platinum hit, the record was their first in a string of hit albums and singles that continued uninterrupted for three years. The single \"\"Proud Mary\"\", backed with \"\"Born on the Bayou\"\", reached No. 2",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7855697",
"chunk_text": "\"Lost Highway (film)\"\na soundtrack album that includes the film's score and songs by artists such as David Bowie, Lou Reed, Marilyn Manson, The Smashing Pumpkins, and Rammstein. Marilyn Manson's contributions include their cover of Screamin' Jay Hawkins' \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\", which was previously released on their 1995 EP \"\"Smells Like Children\"\", and \"\"Apple of Sodom\"\", which was specifically written for the film. The Smashing Pumpkins' frontman Billy Corgan wrote \"\"Eye\"\" after Lynch rejected an early version of \"\"Tear\"\" from the band's 1998 album \"\"Adore\"\". Two songs by Rammstein—\"\"Rammstein\"\" and \"\"Heirate Mich\"\"—were included after Lynch listened to their 1995 debut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9045742",
"chunk_text": "\"Death growl\"\nspecifies as \"\"strepitus diaboli\"\" and which is often taken to mean a low and growling voice. In 1966, The Who released the song \"\"Boris the Spider\"\", which featured death growls sung in basso profondo by bass player John Entwistle. This can be considered one of the first uses of death growl in popular music. The use of growling, \"\"monstrous\"\" vocals for ominous effect in rock music can be traced at least as far back as \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screamin' Jay Hawkins in 1956. Mike Oldfield's \"\"Tubular Bells, Part Two,\"\" from 1973, contains a section from 11:55",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1303552",
"chunk_text": "\"Thijs van Leer\"\nin the group, writing the majority of their songs and singing English lyrics. After a line-up change, the band released \"\"Moving Waves\"\" (1971) that included their international hit single \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" which featured van Leer's distinct vocals, yodelling, whistling, and scat singing. His influence from the Sufi movement through his mother is displayed in \"\"Moving Waves\"\", a piano and vocal composition he wrote when he was sixteen and quotes a teaching from its creator, Inayat Khan. The album closes with \"\"Eruption\"\", a 22-minute track that is \"\"based on a musical idea\"\" by van Leer who gained inspiration from the operas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8406517",
"chunk_text": "\"Perry Rose\"\nPerry Rose Perry Rose is a Belgian-Irish singer, born in Brussels on May 9, 1962, and who has been active in Belgium, France, Switzerland and Ireland since the release of \"\"Because of You\"\" in 1991. Rose, who comes from circus families on both his mother and father's side, has since recorded eight albums and toured extensively. At the end of 2001 Perry recorded \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" in Belgium, Brittany and Ireland with Irish producers Graham Murphy and Chris O'Brien from The Production Suite in Dublin (whose credits include Dove, Clannad, Donna Lewis, The Human League, Trevor Horn, Aslan, Perry Blake, Máire",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18776370",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You\"\n\"\"Billboard\"\" pop or R&B charts. Hawkins had originally intended to record \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" as \"\"a refined love song, a blues ballad\"\". However, the producer (Arnold Maxin) \"\"brought in ribs and chicken and got everybody drunk, and we came out with this weird version ... I don't even remember making the record. Before, I was just a normal blues singer. I was just Jay Hawkins. It all sort of just fell in place. I found out I could do more destroying a song and screaming it to death.\"\" Hawkins first recorded \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15315674",
"chunk_text": "\"Arthur Brown (musician)\"\nArthur Brown\"\" became a hit on both sides of the Atlantic. Produced by the Who's manager Kit Lambert, and executive-produced by Pete Townshend on Track Records, the label begun by Lambert and Chris Stamp, it spun off an equally surprising hit single, \"\"Fire\"\", and contained a version of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screamin' Jay Hawkins, a similarly bizarre showman. \"\"Fire\"\" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. The song has since seen its opening line \"\"I am the God of Hellfire\"\" sampled in numerous other places, most notably in the Prodigy's 1992 rave",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18408856",
"chunk_text": "\"I Put a Spell on You\"\na million copies. The hit brought Hawkins together with Cleveland disc jockey Alan Freed who promptly added him to his \"\"Rock and Roll Revue.\"\" Up to this time, Hawkins had been a blues performer: emotional, but not wild. Freed suggested a gimmick to capitalize on the \"\"demented\"\" sound of \"\"I Put a Spell on You:\"\" Hawkins wore a long cape, and appeared onstage by rising out of a coffin in the midst of smoke and fog. The act was a sensation, later bolstered by tusks worn in Hawkins' nose, on-stage snakes and fireworks, and a cigarette-smoking skull named \"\"Henry.\"\" This",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "16947258",
"chunk_text": "\"Apple of Sodom (song)\"\nto fans of Lynch who hate pop music; at the same time, he wanted it to \"\"have some degree of accessibility for the 13-, 14-year-old kid who buys it because I have a new song on it; or for the Smashing Pumpkins fan who buys it for that.\"\" Lynch met Manson through Reznor. After meeting with Lynch, Manson contributed two songs to the soundtrack: \"\"Apple of Sodom\"\", which was written specifically for \"\"Lost Highway\"\", and a cover of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screamin' Jay Hawkins; the latter had previously been featured on the band's platinum-selling extended play",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16074717",
"chunk_text": "\"The Atlantics\"\nMe Why\"\" with 12 string guitar hook & harmonies, and an instrumental, \"\"Take A Trip,\"\" under the pseudonym band name as The Gift of Love. However they only succeeded chart-wise with an excellent version of Screaming Jay Hawkins \"\"I Put A Spell On You\"\", which reached No. 29 on the Sydney charts in 1966. In 1967 they put out the song that is now widely regarded as a classic punk/garage track, Peter Hood's \"\"Come On\"\". During this time Johnny Rebb continued to release a number of singles under his own name with The Atlantics backing him. They also provided backing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7740872",
"chunk_text": "\"Focus II\"\nalbums, reaching No. 2 on the UK Albums Chart and No. 8 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" was released as a single in 1971, but did not chart until 1973 when it reached No. 9 in the US and No. 20 in the UK. The album is certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America for sales in excess of 500,000 copies. The single \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" was Focus' biggest hit and gained the band international popularity. The song, similar in some regards to the riff-driven hard rock of Black Sabbath and Deep Purple, anticipated many aspects of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "123811",
"chunk_text": "\"Sylvia (Focus song)\"\nSylvia (Focus song) \"\"Sylvia\"\" is a 1972 song by Dutch rock band Focus. It was released on their 1972 album \"\"Focus 3\"\" and as a single on 27 January 1973. The single became the band's biggest international hit. The song was released on the album \"\"Focus 3\"\" in July 1972. On 12 December, the band recorded a session for the BBC's \"\"Old Grey Whistle Test\"\", including \"\"Sylvia\"\" segueing into \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\". Aside from Thijs van Leer's short section of yodeling, the song is instrumental. The \"\"Rough Guide to Rock\"\" describes Akkerman's guitar melody as \"\"exuberant\"\". The band's Christmas 1972 appearance",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20754456",
"chunk_text": "\"Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)\"\nversion as the first single from \"\"Smells Like Children\"\" (1995), an EP of covers, remixes and interludes. In his 1998 autobiography, the band's eponymous vocalist said he fought their label to have this track released as a single, saying: \"\"They didn't want to release [it], which I knew would be a song that even people who didn't like our band would like. [Nothing] wanted to release our version of Screamin' Jay Hawkins' 'I Put a Spell on You', which was far too dark, sprawling and esoteric, even for some of our own fans. We battled the label this time, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12479669",
"chunk_text": "\"The Crazy World of Arthur Brown\"\nwould later be reflected in the stage acts of Alice Cooper, Peter Gabriel, George Clinton, and Bruce Dickinson among others. By 1968, the debut album, \"\"The Crazy World of Arthur Brown\"\" became a hit on both sides of the Atlantic. Produced by The Who's manager Kit Lambert, and executive-produced by Pete Townshend on Track Records, the label begun by Lambert and Chris Stamp, it spun off an equally surprising hit single, \"\"Fire\"\", and contained a version of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screaming Jay Hawkins, a similarly bizarre showman. \"\"Fire\"\" sold over one million copies, and was awarded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2763439",
"chunk_text": "\"Alice Smith\"\nsong Another Love on his album with 3rdeyegirl, Plectrumelectrum. She also performed \"\"Fool For You\"\", \"\"The One\"\", \"\"She\"\", and \"\"Don't Get Me Wrong\"\", and \"\"Dreams\"\" at AfroPunk 2014. In 2015, Smith's cover of \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" was featured on \"\"Nina Revisited... A Tribute to Nina Simone\"\". In 2018, Smith's song \"\"Fool For You\"\" was featured in the \"\"Season 4\"\" episode \"\"One of My Three Soups\"\" of the TV series \"\"Gotham\"\", which chronicles the events leading up to Batman's arrival. Smith has one daughter with recording artist Citizen Cope. Alice Smith Alice Smith (born 30 November 1978) is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12032041",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (1993 film)\"\nHocus Pocus (1993 film) Hocus Pocus is a 1993 American comedy horror fantasy film directed by Kenny Ortega, starring Bette Midler, Kathy Najimy, and Sarah Jessica Parker; written by Neil Cuthbert and Mick Garris, and based on a story by Garris and David Kirschner. It follows a villainous trio of witches, who are inadvertently resurrected by a teenage boy in Salem, Massachusetts. Although it was not a critical or commercial success when it was first released, \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" has become a cult film, largely from annual airings on the Disney Channel and Freeform (formerly ABC Family). On October 31, 1693",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11413048",
"chunk_text": "\"Do You Believe in Magic (song)\"\nSee It...\"\", and it also appeared on their debut studio album, \"\"Into the Rush\"\" in addition to an appearance on the 2009 soundtrack to the TV show \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\". The duo consists of sisters, Alyson \"\"Aly\"\" and Amanda Joy \"\"AJ\"\" Michalka. Do You Believe in Magic (song) \"\"Do You Believe In Magic\"\" is a song written by John Sebastian. It was first recorded and released by his group, The Lovin' Spoonful in 1965. The single peaked at number 9 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. In 1978, Shaun Cassidy reached the top 40 with his cover version. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20482629",
"chunk_text": "\"DJ Champion\"\nwent on to sell over 100,000 copies across Canada. In 2006, Morin released \"\"The Remix Album\"\", an album featuring remixes of tracks from \"\"Chill'em All\"\" by such guest musicians as Akufen and Patrick Watson. \"\"The Remix Album\"\" garnered Morin another ADISQ Félix Award for \"\"Show of the Year\"\" and it was also nominated for Dance Recording of the Year at the 2007 Juno Awards. Morin and Bonifassi worked together again on a version of 1957 Screamin' Jay Hawkins hit \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\"; it was used as the theme song of the Québécois film \"\"Truffe\"\" which premiered at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18131494",
"chunk_text": "\"Shock rock\"\n\"\"That's why most people thought we were British at first\"\" said Alice Cooper. Screamin' Jay Hawkins was arguably the first shock rocker. After the success of his 1956 hit \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\", Hawkins began to perform a recurring stunt at many of his live shows; he would emerge from a coffin, sing into a skull-shaped microphone and set off smoke bombs. Another artist who performed similar stunts was the British singer-songwriter Screaming Lord Sutch. The 1960s brought several proto-shock rock artists. In the UK, The Who often destroyed their instruments, The Move did the same to television",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1594852",
"chunk_text": "\"Louise Goffin\"\nother known musicians as a side-woman. She appeared playing banjo with Bryan Ferry in his video \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\". She went on to play guitar on tour with Tears for Fears in 1997. Goffin leads songwriting masterclasses and mentors teen girls in songwriting in partnership with the organization WriteGirl. In 2018, she and co-host Paul Zollo launched the podcast \"\"The Great Song Adventure\"\", where they interview notable songwriters and other music industry influencers. Louise Goffin Louise Goffin (born March 23, 1960) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist and producer of the Grammy nominated album, \"\"A Holiday Carole\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7678845",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Spelling as Fast as I Can\"\nbecomes addicted to the Ribwich is a parody of the Darren Aronofsky film \"\"Requiem for a Dream\"\" (2000). Boobarella, who appears at the beginning of the episode, is a parody of Elvira, the seductive gothic character portrayed by Cassandra Peterson. While opening the school, Principal Skinner sings a parody of \"\"School's Out\"\" by Alice Cooper. The song played during the Spellympics and during the credits is \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" by Screamin' Jay Hawkins. The song played at the beginning of the Spellympics finals is \"\"Get Ready for This\"\" by 2 Unlimited. This song was also played in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19578763",
"chunk_text": "\"Steven Severin\"\nonly vocal included is \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\"; a version of the Screaming Jay Hawkins classic sung by Jarboe (ex Swans). Severin returned to composing soundtracks, and in 2003 film director Robert Pratten approached Severin to compose the soundtrack for his first film, a British independent supernatural thriller called \"\"London Voodoo\"\". The film contained four tracks that Severin collaborated on with his wife and songwriting partner Arban, under the name \"\"Darling Hate\"\". As a result of this new direction, Severin wound down his RE: label to concentrate on writing for film and television. \"\"London Voodoo\"\" was followed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17807433",
"chunk_text": "\"Hocus Pocus (group)\"\nHocus Pocus (group) Hocus Pocus is a Hip Hop / Jazz band from Nantes, France. Formed in 1995, their music is a mix of \"\"hip-hop\"\", \"\"jazz\"\", \"\"soul\"\" and \"\"funk\"\". Originally being 20syl's brainchild, Hocus Pocus was formed in 1995, and gradually gained attention in the late '90s. The band, however, reached significant commercial and critical success in 2006 with the re-release of 2005 LP \"\"73 Touches\"\", the \"\"Hip Hop?\"\" single (featuring The Procussions) having hooked many listeners who were curious about its blend of French, English, and acoustic/electronic elements. Though quite far removed from legendary bands evolving in that same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9809898",
"chunk_text": "\"Elvira: Mistress of the Dark (film)\"\ninherited Vincent's estate, which included enough money to open her show in Las Vegas. At a Las Vegas hotel, Elvira performs a lavishly produced musical number. The original music score was composed by James B. Campbell and the soundtrack features the single \"\"I Put a Spell on You\"\" performed by Joanna St. Claire. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 53% based on reviews from 17 critics, indicating mixed reviews. The film received a Razzie Award nomination for Cassandra Peterson as Worst Actress in 1989, losing to Liza Minnelli for both \"\"\"\" and \"\"Rent-a-Cop\"\". Fantasporto",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 45
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2531939",
"chunk_text": "\"Sonique (musician)\"\nshe began experimenting. For three years she accompanied both Mark Moore and her childhood friend Judge Jules to their gigs. She eventually signed to London-based label Serious Records, where her first single was \"\"I Put A Spell on You\"\" produced by Chris Allen and ex-Wang Chung keyboardist Graeme Pleeth. She was DJ-in-residence at Club Manumission in Ibiza between 1997 and 1999. In 1998, she came to the attention of UK promoters/label Fantazia and was asked to mix one of the discs on their album \"\"Fantazia British Anthems Summertime\"\". The album was certified gold in the UK. Sonique released her debut",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6915195",
"chunk_text": "\"Deep Purple (song)\"\na favorite of Babe Ruth, and Peter DeRose performed the song at Ruth's birthday parties for about a decade. It was Adelaide Hall who introduced the song to Britain and recorded it for Decca. Her version was released on 15 May 1939. The song remained a traditional pop favourite, recast in 1957 as a doo wop classic by The Dominoes with vocals by Eugene Mumford. Screamin' Jay Hawkins (best remembered for his song \"\"I Put A Spell On You\"\") also released his version of \"\"Deep Purple\"\" on his 1958 album, \"\"At Home with Screamin' Jay\"\". Harry James recorded a version",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16698786",
"chunk_text": "\"Practical Magic\"\nof the Ruins\"\"/\"\"String Quartet No. 3\"\"/\"\"Carrington\"\"/\"\"The End of the Affair\"\"/\"\"The Claim\"\". \"\"Convening the Coven\"\", though not \"\"Maria Owens\"\", was subsequently reissued on \"\"\"\", and music that uses material related to this piece has not been used elsewhere. Singer Stevie Nicks headlined the soundtrack's published advertisements, promoting her songs \"\"If You Ever Did Believe\"\" and a new recording of her song \"\"Crystal\"\", both songs featuring Sheryl Crow on back-up vocals. \"\"Practical Magic\"\" opened at #1 with $13.1 million in ticket sales. The film went on to gross $68.3 million worldwide, less than its $75 million production budget. \"\"Practical Magic\"\" received negative",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7594484",
"chunk_text": "\"Goth subculture\"\nfiction. At the end of the 19th century, painters like John Everett Millais and John Ruskin invented a new kind of Gothic. Some people credit Jalacy \"\"Screamin' Jay\"\" Hawkins, perhaps best known for his 1956 song \"\"I Put A Spell On You,\"\" as a foundation of modern goth style and music. Some people credit the band Bauhaus' first single \"\"Bela Lugosi's Dead\"\", released in August 1979, with the start of goth subculture. The British sitcom, The IT Crowd featured a recurring goth character named Richmond Avenal, played by Noel Fielding. Fielding said in an interview that he himself had been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_652
|
what are the roles of international monetary fund?
|
n/a
|
[
"foster global monetary cooperation",
"secure financial stability",
"to foster global monetary cooperation",
"reduce poverty around the world",
"facilitate international trade"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980890",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nglobal growth and economic stability by providing policy, advice and financing the members, by working with developing nations to help them achieve macroeconomic stability and reduce poverty. The rationale for this is that private international capital markets function imperfectly and many countries have limited access to financial markets. Such market imperfections, together with balance-of-payments financing, provide the justification for official financing, without which many countries could only correct large external payment imbalances through measures with adverse economic consequences. The IMF provides alternate sources of financing. Upon the founding of the IMF, its three primary functions were: to oversee the fixed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980887",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nInternational Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of \"\"189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.\"\" Formed in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980891",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nexchange rate arrangements between countries, thus helping national governments manage their exchange rates and allowing these governments to prioritize economic growth, and to provide short-term capital to aid the balance of payments. This assistance was meant to prevent the spread of international economic crises. The IMF was also intended to help mend the pieces of the international economy after the Great Depression and World War II. As well, to provide capital investments for economic growth and projects such as infrastructure. The IMF's role was fundamentally altered by the floating exchange rates post-1971. It shifted to examining the economic policies of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980888",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ninternational financial crises. Countries contribute funds to a pool through a quota system from which countries experiencing balance of payments problems can borrow money. , the fund had SDR477 billion (about $666 billion). Through the fund, and other activities such as the gathering of statistics and analysis, surveillance of its members' economies and the demand for particular policies, the IMF works to improve the economies of its member countries. The organisation's objectives stated in the Articles of Agreement are: to promote international monetary co-operation, international trade, high employment, exchange-rate stability, sustainable economic growth, and making resources available to member countries",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792091",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nCredit Facility (RCF). Nonconcessional loans, which include interest rates, are provided mainly through Stand-By Arrangements (SBA), the Flexible Credit Line (FCL), the Precautionary and Liquidity Line (PLL), and the Extended Fund Facility. The IMF provides emergency assistance via the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) to members facing urgent balance-of-payments needs. The IMF is mandated to oversee the international monetary and financial system and monitor the economic and financial policies of its member countries. This activity is known as surveillance and facilitates international co-operation. Since the demise of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates in the early 1970s, surveillance has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7668150",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nevolved largely by way of changes in procedures rather than through the adoption of new obligations. The responsibilities changed from those of guardian to those of overseer of members' policies. The Fund typically analyses the appropriateness of each member country's economic and financial policies for achieving orderly economic growth, and assesses the consequences of these policies for other countries and for the global economy. In 1995 the International Monetary Fund began work on data dissemination standards with the view of guiding IMF member countries to disseminate their economic and financial data to the public. The International Monetary and Financial Committee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980915",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nFinancial Committee and the Development Committee. The International Monetary and Financial Committee has 24 members and monitors developments in global liquidity and the transfer of resources to developing countries. The Development Committee has 25 members and advises on critical development issues and on financial resources required to promote economic development in developing countries. They also advise on trade and environmental issues. The Board of Governors reports directly to the Managing Director of the IMF, Christine Lagarde. 24 Executive Directors make up the Executive Board. The Executive Directors represent all 189 member countries in a geographically based roster. Countries with large",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980889",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nin financial difficulty. IMF funds come from two major sources:quotas and loans. Quotas, which are pooled funds of member nations, generate most IMF funds. The size of a member's quota depends on its economic and financial importance in the world. Nations with larger economic importance have larger quotas. The quotas are increased periodically as a means of boosting the IMF's resources. The current Managing Director (MD) and Chairwoman of the International Monetary Fund is noted French lawyer and former politician, Christine Lagarde, who has held the post since 5 July 2011. According to the IMF itself, it works to foster",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12009357",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nof Governors consists of one governor and one alternate governor for each member country. Each member country appoints its two governors. The Board normally meets once a year and is responsible for electing or appointing executive directors to the Executive Board. While the Board of Governors is officially responsible for approving quota increases, Special Drawing Right allocations, the admittance of new members, compulsory withdrawal of members, and amendments to the Articles of Agreement and By-Laws, in practice it has delegated most of its powers to the IMF's Executive Board. The Board of Governors is advised by the International Monetary and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229642",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nUnited States is the IMF's most powerful member, and its influence reaches even into decision-making concerning individual loan agreements. The United States has historically been openly opposed to losing what Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew described in 2015 as its \"\"leadership role\"\" at the IMF, and the United States' \"\"ability to shape international norms and practices\"\". Reforms to give more powers to emerging economies were agreed by the G20 in 2010. The reforms could not pass, however, until they were ratified by the US Congress, since 85% of the Fund's voting power was required for the reforms to take effect, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792090",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ncapital outflows. Rather than maintaining a position of oversight of only exchange rates, their function became one of surveillance of the overall macroeconomic performance of member countries. Their role became a lot more active because the IMF now manages economic policy rather than just exchange rates. In addition, the IMF negotiates conditions on lending and loans under their policy of conditionality, which was established in the 1950s. Low-income countries can borrow on concessional terms, which means there is a period of time with no interest rates, through the Extended Credit Facility (ECF), the Standby Credit Facility (SCF) and the Rapid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823906",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nevery eight years. The IMF is led by a managing director, who is head of the staff and serves as Chairman of the Executive Board. The managing director is assisted by a First Deputy managing director and three other Deputy Managing Directors. Historically the IMF's managing director has been European and the president of the World Bank has been from the United States. However, this standard is increasingly being questioned and competition for these two posts may soon open up to include other qualified candidates from any part of the world. In 2011 the world's largest developing countries, the BRIC",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792097",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nsubscription, plus any of their own-currency subscriptions that are loaned out by the IMF, plus all of the reserve assets that they provide the IMF. The IMF was originally laid out as a part of the Bretton Woods system exchange agreement in 1944. During the Great Depression, countries sharply raised barriers to trade in an attempt to improve their failing economies. This led to the devaluation of national currencies and a decline in world trade. This breakdown in international monetary co-operation created a need for oversight. The representatives of 45 governments met at the Bretton Woods Conference in the Mount",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823909",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\na shareholder-controlled organisation: wealthy countries have more say in the making and revision of rules. Since decision making at the IMF reflects each member's relative economic position in the world, wealthier countries that provide more money to the IMF have more influence than poorer members that contribute less; nonetheless, the IMF focuses on redistribution. Quotas are normally reviewed every five years and can be increased when deemed necessary by the Board of Governors. IMF voting shares are relatively inflexible: countries that grow economically have tended to become under-represented as their voting power lags behind. Currently, reforming the representation of developing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792134",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\npolitics often come into play, with politicians in developing countries using conditionality to gain leverage over the opposition to influence policy. The IMF is only one of many international organisations, and it is a generalist institution that deals only with macroeconomic issues; its core areas of concern in developing countries are very narrow. One proposed reform is a movement towards close partnership with other specialist agencies such as UNICEF, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Jeffrey Sachs argues in \"\"The End of Poverty\"\" that the IMF and the World Bank have \"\"the brightest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229610",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nrates secured at rates that could be adjusted only to correct a \"\"fundamental disequilibrium\"\" in the balance of payments, and only with the IMF's agreement. Some members have a very difficult relationship with the IMF and even when they are still members they do not allow themselves to be monitored. Member countries of the IMF have access to information on the economic policies of all member countries, the opportunity to influence other members' economic policies, technical assistance in banking, fiscal affairs, and exchange matters, financial support in times of payment difficulties, and increased opportunities for trade and investment. The Board",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7668176",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nincome lines: certain countries provide the financial resources while others use these resources. Both developed country \"\"creditors\"\" and developing country \"\"borrowers\"\" are members of the IMF. The developed countries provide the financial resources but rarely enter into IMF loan agreements; they are the creditors. Conversely, the developing countries use the lending services but contribute little to the pool of money available to lend because their quotas are smaller; they are the borrowers. Thus, tension is created around governance issues because these two groups, creditors and borrowers, have fundamentally different interests. The criticism is that the system of voting power distribution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792133",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nBank, criticises these policies. He argues that by converting to a more monetarist approach, the purpose of the fund is no longer valid, as it was designed to provide funds for countries to carry out Keynesian reflations, and that the IMF \"\"was not participating in a conspiracy, but it was reflecting the interests and ideology of the Western financial community\"\". International politics play an important role in IMF decision making. The clout of member states is roughly proportional to its contribution to IMF finances. The United States has the greatest number of votes and therefore wields the most influence. Domestic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229643",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nthe Americans held more than 16% of voting power at the time. After repeated criticism, the United States finally ratified the voting reforms at the end of 2015. The OECD countries maintained their overwhelming majority of voting share, and the United States in particular retained its share at over 16%. The role of the Bretton Woods institutions has been controversial since the late Cold War, because of claims that the IMF policy makers supported military dictatorships friendly to American and European corporations, but also other anti-communist and Communist regimes (such as Mobutu's Zaire and Ceaușescu's Romania, respectively). Critics also claim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16587925",
"chunk_text": "\"International economics\"\nhave abandoned their national currencies in favour of the common currency of a currency area such as the \"\"\"\"eurozone\"\"\"\" and some, such as Denmark, have retained their national currencies but have pegged them at a fixed rate to an adjacent common currency. On an international scale, the economic policies promoted by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have had a major influence, especially upon the developing countries. The IMF was set up in 1944 to encourage international cooperation on monetary matters, to stabilise exchange rates and create an international payments system. Its principal activity is the payment of loans to help",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12009365",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nby SDR outweigh this bias. Changes in the voting shares require approval by a supermajority of 85% of voting power. In December 2015, the United States Congress adopted a legislation authorising the 2010 Quota and Governance Reforms. As a result, The IMF's quota system was created to raise funds for loans. Each IMF member country is assigned a quota, or contribution, that reflects the country's relative size in the global economy. Each member's quota also determines its relative voting power. Thus, financial contributions from member governments are linked to voting power in the organisation. This system follows the logic of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10309355",
"chunk_text": "\"Indonesia and the International Monetary Fund\"\nIndonesia and the International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has historically had a large presence in Indonesia, Southeast Asia's largest economy. During the Suharto era of the 1960s to 1990s the IMF enjoyed an active presence in the Indonesian economy and politics gaining influence through political sympathizers and technocrats within the Indonesian government. The early years of the Suharto era saw economic growth and modernization in a country that had only recently gained independence form Dutch colonialists. However, as the country modernized and growth slowed corruption became even more rampant particularly amongst the inner circle of the regime.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2696517",
"chunk_text": "\"United Nations\"\nFund) was created in 1946 to aid European children after the Second World War and expanded its mission to provide aid around the world and to uphold the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The World Bank Group and International Monetary Fund (IMF) are independent, specialized agencies and observers within the UN framework, according to a 1947 agreement. They were initially formed separately from the UN through the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944. The World Bank provides loans for international development, while the IMF promotes international economic co-operation and gives emergency loans to indebted countries. The World Health Organization",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "952114",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nTaylor was Under Secretary of the US Treasury for International Affairs. The new Framework became fully operational in February 2003 and it was applied in the subsequent decisions on Argentina and Brazil. Its purpose was to place some sensible rules and limits on the way the IMF makes loans to support governments with debt problem—especially in emerging markets—and thereby move away from the bailout mentality of the 1990s. Such a reform was essential for ending the crisis atmosphere that then existed in emerging markets. The reform was closely related to, and put in place nearly simultaneously with, the actions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980916",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\neconomies have their own Executive Director, but most countries are grouped in constituencies representing four or more countries. Following the \"\"2008 Amendment on Voice and Participation\"\" which came into effect in March 2011, eight countries each appoint an Executive Director: the United States, Japan, China, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Russia, and Saudi Arabia. The remaining 16 Directors represent constituencies consisting of 4 to 22 countries. The Executive Director representing the largest constituency of 22 countries accounts for 1.55% of the vote. This Board usually meets several times each week. The Board membership and constituency is scheduled for periodic review",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792098",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nWashington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in the United States, to discuss a framework for postwar international economic co-operation and how to rebuild Europe. There were two views on the role the IMF should assume as a global economic institution. American delegate Harry Dexter White foresaw an IMF that functioned more like a bank, making sure that borrowing states could repay their debts on time. Most of White's plan was incorporated into the final acts adopted at Bretton Woods. British economist John Maynard Keynes imagined that the IMF would be a cooperative fund upon which member states could draw",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792099",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nto maintain economic activity and employment through periodic crises. This view suggested an IMF that helped governments and to act as the United States government had during the New Deal in response to World War II. The IMF formally came into existence on 27 December 1945, when the first 29 countries ratified its Articles of Agreement. By the end of 1946 the IMF had grown to 39 members. On 1 March 1947, the IMF began its financial operations, and on 8 May France became the first country to borrow from it. The IMF was one of the key organisations of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823892",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nthe international economic system; its design allowed the system to balance the rebuilding of international capitalism with the maximisation of national economic sovereignty and human welfare, also known as embedded liberalism. The IMF's influence in the global economy steadily increased as it accumulated more members. The increase reflected in particular the attainment of political independence by many African countries and more recently the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union because most countries in the Soviet sphere of influence did not join the IMF. The Bretton Woods system prevailed until 1971, when the United States government suspended the convertibility of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10994635",
"chunk_text": "\"Global financial system\"\ninstitutions, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). Collectively referred to as the Bretton Woods institutions, they became operational in 1947 and 1946 respectively. The IMF was established to support the monetary system by facilitating cooperation on international monetary issues, providing advisory and technical assistance to members, and offering emergency lending to nations experiencing repeated difficulties restoring the balance of payments equilibrium. Members would contribute funds to a pool according to their share of gross world product, from which emergency loans could be issued. Member states were authorized and encouraged to employ capital",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229636",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nrole as a generalist institution specialising in macroeconomic issues needs reform. Conditionality has also been criticised because a country can pledge collateral of \"\"acceptable assets\"\" to obtain waivers—if one assumes that all countries are able to provide \"\"acceptable collateral\"\". One view is that conditionality undermines domestic political institutions. The recipient governments are sacrificing policy autonomy in exchange for funds, which can lead to public resentment of the local leadership for accepting and enforcing the IMF conditions. Political instability can result from more leadership turnover as political leaders are replaced in electoral backlashes. IMF conditions are often criticised for reducing government",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229644",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nthat the IMF is generally apathetic or hostile to human rights, and labour rights. The controversy has helped spark the anti-globalization movement. An example of IMF's support for a dictatorship was its ongoing support for Mobutu's rule in Zaire, although its own envoy, Erwin Blumenthal, provided a sobering report about the entrenched corruption and embezzlement and the inability of the country to pay back any loans. Arguments in favour of the IMF say that economic stability is a precursor to democracy; however, critics highlight various examples in which democratised countries fell after receiving IMF loans. A 2017 study found no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229628",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nCollective action clauses, which now exist in most—but not all—bonds, would be relied upon to address collective action problems.\"\" Globalization encompasses three institutions: global financial markets and transnational companies, national governments linked to each other in economic and military alliances led by the United States, and rising \"\"global governments\"\" such as World Trade Organization (WTO), IMF, and World Bank. Charles Derber argues in his book \"\"People Before Profit,\"\" \"\"These interacting institutions create a new global power system where sovereignty is globalized, taking power and constitutional authority away from nations and giving it to global markets and international bodies\"\". Titus Alexander",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823936",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ncurrency swaps in response to actual or potential short-term balance-of-payments pressures. In 2014, the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was established. \"\"Life and Debt\"\", a documentary film, deals with the IMF's policies' influence on Jamaica and its economy from a critical point of view. \"\"Debtocracy\"\", a 2011 independent Greek documentary film, also criticises the IMF. Portuguese musician 's 1982 album is inspired by the IMF's intervention in Portugal through monitored stabilisation programs in 1977–78. In the 2015 film, \"\"Our Brand Is Crisis\"\", the IMF is mentioned as a point of political contention. International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7246101",
"chunk_text": "\"Turkish economic boom of the 2000s\"\nInternational Monetary Fund. The International Monetary Fund is an organization made up of 189 countries whose goal is to promote high employment, economic stability, financial security and high international trade. In 2002, the International Monetary Fund agreed to offer Turkey roughly $16 Billion over the following 3 years in an attempt to lower public debts by creating a surplus in budget revenues. Following this, the Turkish government implemented a number of public reforms, with the most important being the new adoption of a public sector primary surplus 6.5% of the nation's GNP target for the years of 2003 and beyond.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14980892",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ncountries with IMF loan agreements to determine if a shortage of capital was due to economic fluctuations or economic policy. The IMF also researched what types of government policy would ensure economic recovery. A particular concern of the IMF was to prevent financial crisis, such as those in Mexico 1982, Brazil in 1987, East Asia in 1997–98 and Russia in 1998, from spreading and threatening the entire global financial and currency system. The challenge was to promote and implement policy that reduced the frequency of crises among the emerging market countries, especially the middle-income countries which are vulnerable to massive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7668154",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ncountry will be able to rectify its macroeconomic and structural imbalances. In the judgment of the IMF, the adoption by the member of certain corrective measures or policies will allow it to repay the IMF, thereby ensuring that the resources will be available to support other members. , borrowing countries have had a very good track record for repaying credit extended under the IMF's regular lending facilities with full interest over the duration of the loan. This indicates that IMF lending does not impose a burden on creditor countries, as lending countries receive market-rate interest on most of their quota",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9726017",
"chunk_text": "\"International monetary systems\"\nInternational monetary systems An international monetary system is a set of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between nation states. It should provide means of payment acceptable to buyers and sellers of different nationalities, including deferred payment. To operate successfully, it needs to inspire confidence, to provide sufficient liquidity for fluctuating levels of trade, and to provide means by which global imbalances can be corrected. The system can grow organically as the collective result of numerous individual agreements between international economic factors spread over several decades.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12009344",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nmember countries to build a framework to improve data quality and statistical capacity building to evaluate statistical needs, set priorities in improving the timeliness, transparency, reliability and accessibility of financial and economic data. Some countries initially used the GDDS, but later upgraded to SDDS. Some entities that are not themselves IMF members also contribute statistical data to the systems: IMF conditionality is a set of policies or conditions that the IMF requires in exchange for financial resources. The IMF does require collateral from countries for loans but also requires the government seeking assistance to correct its macroeconomic imbalances in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229641",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\neconomists and the lead in advising poor countries on how to break out of poverty, but the problem is development economics\"\". Development economics needs the reform, not the IMF. He also notes that IMF loan conditions should be paired with other reforms—e.g., trade reform in developed nations, debt cancellation, and increased financial assistance for investments in basic infrastructure. IMF loan conditions cannot stand alone and produce change; they need to be partnered with other reforms or other conditions as applicable. The scholarly consensus is that IMF decision-making is not simply technocratic, but also guided by political and economic concerns. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10994688",
"chunk_text": "\"Global financial system\"\nopportunity to diversify their asset portfolios by investing abroad. Consumers, multinational corporations, individual and institutional investors, and financial intermediaries (such as banks) are the key economic actors within the global financial system. Central banks (such as the European Central Bank or the U.S. Federal Reserve System) undertake open market operations in their efforts to realize monetary policy goals. International financial institutions such as the Bretton Woods institutions, multilateral development banks and other development finance institutions provide emergency financing to countries in crisis, provide risk mitigation tools to prospective foreign investors, and assemble capital for development finance and poverty reduction initiatives.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7202234",
"chunk_text": "\"Financial Transactions Plan\"\nFinancial Transactions Plan The Financial Transactions Plan of the International Monetary Fund is the mechanism through which the Fund finances its lending and repayment operations, to its members, in the General Resources Account. It was formerly called the operational budget. The members of the Fund can take loans from IMF with limits corresponding to their quota. IMF lends to its members in both foreign exchange and SDRs. Credit extended in foreign exchange is financed from the quota resources made available to the IMF by members. The creditor gets benefited as their position gets increased. When extending credit in SDRs, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823910",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\ncountries within the IMF has been suggested. These countries' economies represent a large portion of the global economic system but this is not reflected in the IMF's decision making process through the nature of the quota system. Joseph Stiglitz argues, \"\"There is a need to provide more effective voice and representation for developing countries, which now represent a much larger portion of world economic activity since 1944, when the IMF was created.\"\" In 2008, a number of quota reforms were passed including shifting 6% of quota shares to dynamic emerging markets and developing countries. The IMF's membership is divided along",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9792102",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nNot all member countries of the IMF are sovereign states, and therefore not all \"\"member countries\"\" of the IMF are members of the United Nations. Amidst \"\"member countries\"\" of the IMF that are not member states of the UN are non-sovereign areas with special jurisdictions that are officially under the sovereignty of full UN member states, such as Aruba, Curaçao, Hong Kong, and Macau, as well as Kosovo. The corporate members appoint \"\"ex-officio\"\" voting members, who are listed below. All members of the IMF are also International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) members and vice versa. Former members are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15823915",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nDeputy Director Hugh Bredenkamp was published a few days later, as was a deconstruction by Matina Stevis of the \"\"Wall Street Journal\"\". The staff was directed to formulate an updated policy, which was accomplished on 22 May 2014 with a report entitled \"\"The Fund's Lending Framework and Sovereign Debt: Preliminary Considerations\"\", and taken up by the Executive Board on 13 June. The staff proposed that \"\"in circumstances where a (Sovereign) member has lost market access and debt is considered sustainable ... the IMF would be able to provide Exceptional Access on the basis of a debt operation that involves an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12009364",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nnominated for the post of Managing Director. Voting power in the IMF is based on a quota system. Each member has a number of basic votes (each member's number of basic votes equals 5.502% of the total votes), plus one additional vote for each Special Drawing Right (SDR) of 100,000 of a member country's quota. The Special Drawing Right is the unit of account of the IMF and represents a claim to currency. It is based on a basket of key international currencies. The basic votes generate a slight bias in favour of small countries, but the additional votes determined",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229647",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nof the \"\"neoliberal agenda,\"\" claims that the organisation has been \"\"overselling\"\" fiscal austerity policies and financial deregulation, which they claim has exacerbated both financial crises and economic inequality around the world. IMF policies have been repeatedly criticised for making it difficult for indebted countries to say no to environmentally harmful projects that nevertheless generate revenues such as oil, coal, and forest-destroying lumber and agriculture projects. Ecuador, for example, had to defy IMF advice repeatedly to pursue the protection of its rainforests, though paradoxically this need was cited in the IMF argument to provide support to Ecuador. The IMF acknowledged this",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229635",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nby crooked governments unless it was accompanied by reforms to speed up economic growth and improve governance,\"\" according to \"\"The Economist\"\". The IMF has been criticised for being \"\"out of touch\"\" with local economic conditions, cultures, and environments in the countries they are requiring policy reform. The economic advice the IMF gives might not always take into consideration the difference between what spending means on paper and how it is felt by citizens. Jeffrey Sachs argues that the IMF's \"\"usual prescription is 'budgetary belt tightening to countries who are much too poor to own belts'\"\". Sachs wrote that the IMF's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7668153",
"chunk_text": "\"International Monetary Fund\"\nthe IMF and that the country will not attempt to solve their balance-of-payment problems in a way that would negatively impact the international economy. The incentive problem of moral hazard—when economic agents maximise their own utility to the detriment of others because they do not bear the full consequences of their actions—is mitigated through conditions rather than providing collateral; countries in need of IMF loans do not generally possess internationally valuable collateral anyway. Conditionality also reassures the IMF that the funds lent to them will be used for the purposes defined by the Articles of Agreement and provides safeguards that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12931006",
"chunk_text": "\"Gold standard\"\nThe role of gold was severely constrained, as other countries’ currencies were fixed in terms of the dollar. Many countries kept reserves in gold and settled accounts in gold. Still they preferred to settle balances with other currencies, with the American dollar becoming the favorite. The International Monetary Fund was established to help with the exchange process and assist nations in maintaining fixed rates. Within Bretton Woods adjustment was cushioned through credits that helped countries avoid deflation. Under the old standard, a country with an overvalued currency would lose gold and experience deflation until the currency was again valued correctly.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7599082",
"chunk_text": "\"International regime\"\nscholars emphasize the importance of a hegemon in creating a regime and giving it momentum. This is called the hegemonic stability theory. The United States, for example, has been instrumental in creating the Bretton Woods system, with organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The rationale is that a hegemon, being the dominant actor in international politics and economics, often stands to gain the most from the creation of global standards. For instance, while other countries might benefit from it, U.S. companies like Microsoft, Universal Studios, and Pfizer would be among the greatest beneficiaries of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_653
|
when was the first star wars film released?
|
n/a
|
[
"1977",
"May 25, 1977"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "500746",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nresponse, the studio demanded that theaters order \"\"Star Wars\"\" if they wanted the eagerly anticipated \"\"The Other Side of Midnight\"\" based on the novel by the same name. \"\"Star Wars\"\" debuted on Wednesday, May 25, 1977, in fewer than 32 theaters, and eight more on Thursday and Friday. Kurtz said in 2002, \"\"That would be laughable today.\"\" It immediately broke box office records, effectively becoming one of the first blockbuster films, and Fox accelerated plans to broaden its release. Lucas himself was not able to predict how successful \"\"Star Wars\"\" would be. After visiting the set of the Steven Spielberg",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10160565",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nStar Wars (film) Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. It is the first film in the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise. Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star. \"\"Star Wars\"\" was released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530380",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nStar Wars Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise, created by George Lucas and centered around a film series that began with the eponymous 1977 movie. The saga quickly became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon. The first film was followed by two successful sequels, \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" (1980) and \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" (1983); these three films constitute the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, albeit to mixed reactions from critics and fans. Finally, a sequel trilogy to conclude the nine-episode saga began in 2015 with \"\"\"\". The first eight",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "500752",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nthe film continuously for over a year; in 1978, Lucasfilm distributed \"\"Birthday Cake\"\" posters to those theaters for special events on May 25, the one-year anniversary of the film's release. \"\"Star Wars\"\" premiered in the UK on December 27, 1977. News reports of the film's popularity in America caused long lines to form at the two London theaters that first offered the film; it became available in 12 large cities in January 1978, and other London theaters in February. \"\"Star Wars\"\" was re-released theatrically in 1978, 1979, 1981 and 1982. After ILM used computer-generated effects for Steven Spielberg's 1993 film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1856217",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nIn 1989, Lucas stated that the prequel trilogy would be \"\"unbelievably expensive.\"\" The popularity of the franchise had been prolonged by the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe, so that it still had a large audience. A theatrical rerelease \"\"updated\"\" the original trilogy with the style of CGI envisioned for the new films. \"\"\"\" was released on May 19, 1999, and \"\"\"\" on May 16, 2002, both to mixed reviews. \"\"\"\", the first film in the franchise, was released on May 19, 2005. The plot of the trilogy focuses on the fall of the Galactic Republic, the formation of the Empire, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10160566",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nin theatres in the United States on May 25, 1977. It earned $461 million in the U.S. and $314 million overseas, totaling $775 million. It surpassed \"\"Jaws\"\" (1975) to become the highest-grossing film of all time until the release of \"\"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial\"\" (1982). When adjusted for inflation, \"\"Star Wars\"\" is the second-highest-grossing film in North America, and the third-highest-grossing film in the world. It received ten Academy Award nominations (including Best Picture), winning seven. It was among the first films to be selected as part of the U.S. Library of Congress's National Film Registry as being \"\"culturally, historically, or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1856214",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\ndirecting \"\"American Graffiti\"\" (1973), he wrote a two-page synopsis titled \"\"Journal of the Whills\"\", which 20th Century Fox decided to invest in. By 1974, he had expanded the story into the first draft of a screenplay, and continued writing more polished drafts. Lucas negotiated to retain the sequel rights, and was offered an initial $150,000 to write, produce, and direct the film. \"\"Star Wars\"\" was released on May 25, 1977. Its success led Lucas to make it the basis of an elaborate film serial. With the backstory he created for the sequel, Lucas decided that the series would be a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12301346",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars Trilogy\"\nStar Wars Trilogy The \"\"Star Wars\"\" Trilogy, often colloquially referred to as the original trilogy, is the first set of three films produced in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise, an American space opera created by George Lucas. It was produced by Lucasfilm Ltd. and distributed by 20th Century Fox, and consisted of the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film (1977), \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" (1980) and \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" (1983). The original trilogy would be followed by a prequel trilogy between 1999 and 2005, and a sequel trilogy between 2015 and 2019. Collectively, they have been referred to as the \"\"Skywalker saga\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10161747",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nadapted by E. Jack Kaplan and Cheryl Gard. An audio CD boxed set of the \"\"Star Wars\"\" radio series was released in 1993, containing the original 1981 radio drama along with the radio adaptations of the sequels, \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" and \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\". Footnotes Citations Star Wars (film) Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. It is the first film in the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise. Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12301349",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars Trilogy\"\nmake the movie.\"\" Lucas was offered $50,000 to write, another $50,000 to produce, and $50,000 to direct the film. The offer was later increased. \"\"American Graffiti\"\" cast member Harrison Ford had given up on acting and become a carpenter whom Lucas hired for his home renovations, until Lucas decided to cast him as Han Solo. \"\"Star Wars\"\" was released on May 25, 1977. Its success led Lucas to make it the basis of an elaborate film serial. With the backstory he created for the sequel, Lucas decided that the series would be a trilogy of trilogies, with the original film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10161709",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nthe first of these films and saw its theatrical release in 2012. However, due to \"\"\"\", Lucas delayed the releases of the rest of the saga. While both \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\" 3D versions were screened at the 2013 and 2015 \"\"Star Wars\"\" Celebration, Lucas never released the original trilogy in 3D before Disney bought the franchise in December 2012. \"\"Star Wars\"\" remains one of the most financially successful films of all time. The film opened on a Wednesday in 32 theaters expanding to 43 screens on the Friday and earning $2,556,418 in its first six days to the end of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2047524",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace\"\neffort after a 22-year hiatus following \"\"Star Wars\"\" in 1977. \"\"The Phantom Menace\"\" was released in theaters on May 19, 1999, almost 16 years after the premiere of the previous \"\"Star Wars\"\" film, \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\". The film's premiere was extensively covered by media and was greatly anticipated because of the large cultural following the \"\"Star Wars\"\" saga had cultivated. It received mixed reviews; critics praised the visuals, action sequences, John Williams' musical score and some of the performances, but criticized the screenplay, characterization, and Ahmed Best and Jake Lloyd's performances (as Jar Jar Binks and Anakin Skywalker respectively).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "167594",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\ndemocratic Roman Republic and the formation of an empire. On the inspiration for the First Order formed \"\"from the ashes of the Empire\"\", \"\"The Force Awakens\"\" director J.J. Abrams spoke of conversations the writers had about how the Nazis could have escaped to Argentina after WWII and \"\"started working together again.\"\" The \"\"Star Wars\"\" saga has had a significant impact on popular culture, with references to its fictional universe deeply embedded in everyday life. Phrases like \"\"evil empire\"\" and \"\"May the Force be with you\"\" have become part of the popular lexicon. The first \"\"Star Wars\"\" film in 1977 was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "500738",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\ninspired by the silver female robot Maria, the \"\"Maschinenmensch\"\" from Fritz Lang's 1927 film \"\"Metropolis\"\". The film was originally released in 1977 with the title \"\"\"\"Star Wars\"\"\"\". The subtitles \"\"Episode IV\"\" and \"\"A New Hope\"\" were only added to the opening crawl in subsequent re-releases. Official sources state that the change was made at the theatrical re-release of April 10, 1981. The retroactive addition of these subtitles was intended to bring the film into line with the introduction to its sequel, \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\", which was released in 1980 bearing the designation \"\"\"\"Episode V\"\"\"\". Lucas has claimed to have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10481060",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars prequel trilogy\"\nwas considered until at least 1995, but as time went on, Lucas continued writing the screenplays himself. The popularity of the franchise had been prolonged by the \"\"Star Wars\"\" Expanded Universe, so that it still had a large audience. A theatrical rerelease of the original trilogy in 1997 \"\"updated\"\" the 20-year-old films with the style of CGI envisioned for the new episodes. \"\"\"\" was released on May 19, 1999, and \"\"\"\" on May 16, 2002, both to mixed reviews. \"\"\"\", the first film in the franchise, was released on May 19, 2005. The plot of the trilogy focuses on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12340510",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nthe Memorial Day weekend ($ in dollars). It gradually added screens, building up to $7 million weekends as it entered wide release ($ in dollars). It replaced \"\"Jaws\"\" as the highest-earning film in North America just six months into release, eventually earning over $220 million during its initial theatrical run ($ in dollars). \"\"Star Wars\"\" entered international release towards the end of the year, and in 1978 added the worldwide record to its domestic one, earning $410 million in total. On July 21, 1978 while still in current release in 38 theatres in the U.S., the film expanded into a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14433928",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace\"\nfacial designs found in depictions of Japanese demons\"\". King and Krzywinska say that \"\"Qui-Gon's pony tail and Obi-Wan's position of apprentice further encourage a reading in terms of the Samurai tradition\"\". They also say \"\"Amidala, in keeping with her status and character, has a number of highly formal outfits ... to go with hair sculpted into a curve that frames make-up of a Japanese cast\"\". The release on May 19, 1999 of the first new \"\"Star Wars\"\" film in 16 years was accompanied by a considerable amount of attention. Few film studios released films during the same week: DreamWorks and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17314629",
"chunk_text": "\"Changes in Star Wars re-releases\"\nof the theatrical version. Lucasfilm offered the altered 1997 Special Edition release, but the Registry refused it as the first published version must be accepted. The Library of Congress, however, received a 35mm print of the film, without the \"\"A New Hope\"\" subtitle and subsequent alterations, in 1978 as part of the film's copyright deposit. The first film was released in 1977 under the title \"\"Star Wars\"\". The subtitles \"\"Episode IV\"\" and \"\"A New Hope\"\" were retroactively added to the opening crawl in a subsequent release. Accounts differ as to when this change occurred. Some, including Lucasfilm, date the addition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12340525",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nof three trilogies (including the original film), anthology films and an extensive media franchise called the \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe including books, television series, computer and video games, and comic books. All of the main films have been box office successes, with the overall box office revenue generated by the \"\"Star Wars\"\" films (including the theatrical \"\"\"\") totaling over $6.5 billion, making it the third highest-grossing film series. The film also spawned the \"\"Star Wars Holiday Special\"\", which debuted on CBS on November 17, 1978 and is often considered a failure; Lucas himself disowned it. The special has never been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2047522",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace\"\nStar Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace is a 1999 American epic space opera written and directed by George Lucas, produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the first installment in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" prequel trilogy and stars Liam Neeson, Ewan McGregor, Natalie Portman, Jake Lloyd, Ian McDiarmid, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, Pernilla August, and Frank Oz. The film is set 32 years before the original film, and follows Jedi Knight Qui-Gon Jinn and his apprentice Obi-Wan Kenobi as they protect Queen Amidala in hopes of securing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14144689",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nAll future projects and creative developments across all types of media would be overseen and coordinated by the story group, announced as a division of Lucasfilm created to maintain continuity and a cohesive vision on the storytelling of the franchise. Multiple comics series from Marvel and novels published by Del Rey were produced after the announcement. \"\"Star Wars\"\" in print predates the release of the first film, with the December 1976 novelization of \"\"Star Wars\"\", subtitled \"\"\"\"\"\"\"\". Credited to Lucas, it was ghostwritten by Alan Dean Foster. The first \"\"Expanded Universe\"\" story appeared in Marvel Comics' \"\"Star Wars\"\" #7 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339107",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\n20th Century Fox. Moreover, Mark Hamill's car accident left his face visibly scarred, which restricted re-shoots. \"\"Star Wars\"\" was originally slated for release on Christmas 1976; however, its production delays pushed the film's release to summer 1977. Already anxious about meeting his deadline, Lucas was shocked when editor John Jympson's first cut of the film was a \"\"complete disaster\"\". According to an article in \"\"Star Wars Insider\"\" No. 41 by David West Reynolds, this first edit of \"\"Star Wars\"\" contained about 30–40% different footage from the final version. After attempting to persuade Jympson to cut the film his way, Lucas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12340543",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nlater wrote the first \"\"Star Wars\"\" expanded universe novel, \"\"Splinter of the Mind's Eye\"\" (1978). The book was first published as \"\"Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker\"\"; later editions were titled simply \"\"Star Wars\"\" (1995) and, later, \"\"Star Wars: A New Hope\"\" (1997), to reflect the retitling of the film. Marketing director Charles Lippincott secured the deal with Del Rey Books to publish the novelization in November 1976. By February 1977, a half-million copies had been sold. Marvel Comics also adapted the film as the first six issues of its licensed \"\"Star Wars\"\" comic book, with the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12301350",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars Trilogy\"\nretitled \"\"Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope\"\" for its 1981 rerelease. \"\"Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back\"\" was released on May 21, 1980, and \"\"\"\" on May 25, 1983. The sequels were self-financed by Lucasfilm, and generally advertised without the episodic number distinction present in their opening crawls. The plot of the original trilogy centers on the Galactic Civil War of the Rebel Alliance trying to free the galaxy from the clutches of the Galactic Empire, as well as on Luke Skywalker's quest to become a Jedi. A Rebel spaceship is intercepted by the Empire above the desert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14144220",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars opening crawl\"\nand immediately after \"\"A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away...\"\". This places it halfway between \"\"Rogue One\"\" and the main saga. The opening crawl in the first \"\"Star Wars\"\" film is very different from Lucas' original intention. The original text, used in the rough cut he showed to friends and studio executives in February 1977, appears in the Marvel Comics adaptation of the film. When originally released in May 1977, the first film was simply titled \"\"Star Wars\"\", as 20th Century Fox forbade Lucas to use a subtitle because it could be confusing, since there had been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10160568",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nThe film has been reissued multiple times at Lucas's behest, incorporating many changes including modified computer-generated effects, altered dialogue, re-edited shots, remixed soundtracks and added scenes. The film's success led to two critically and commercially successful sequels, \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" in 1980 and \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\" in 1983, and later to a prequel trilogy, a sequel trilogy, and two anthology films. The galaxy is in the midst of a civil war. Rebel spies have stolen plans to the Galactic Empire's Death Star, a colossal space station capable of destroying an entire planet. Princess Leia, one of the rebellion's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2047523",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace\"\na peaceful end to a large-scale interplanetary trade dispute. Joined by Anakin Skywalker—a young slave with unusually strong natural powers of the Force—they simultaneously contend with the mysterious return of the Sith. Lucas began production of this film after he determined that film special effects had advanced to the level he wanted for the fourth film in the saga. Filming started on June 26, 1997, at locations including Leavesden Film Studios and the Tunisian desert. Its visual effects included extensive use of computer-generated imagery (CGI); many of its characters and settings were completely computerized. The film was Lucas' first directorial",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
{
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"chunk_id": "167596",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nin 2010. 35mm reels of the 1997 Special Editions were the versions initially presented for preservation because of the difficulty of transferring from the original prints, but it was later revealed that the Library possessed a copyright deposit print of the original theatrical releases. The original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film was a huge success for 20th Century Fox, and was credited for reinvigorating the company. Within three weeks of the film's release, the studio's stock price doubled to a record high. Prior to 1977, 20th Century Fox's greatest annual profits were $37 million, while in 1977, the company broke that record",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10063374",
"chunk_text": "\"The Making of Star Wars\"\nThe Making of Star Wars The Making of Star Wars is a television special produced by 20th Century Fox, which aired on the ABC Television Network on September 16, 1977. It was written by Richard Schickel and directed and produced by Robert Guenette. Premiering four months after the release of the film, the special was the first \"\"Star Wars\"\" documentary ever made. The special was hosted by C-3PO (voiced and played by Anthony Daniels) and R2-D2. A voiceover narration was additionally supplied by William Conrad. It features behind-the-scenes footage from \"\"Star Wars\"\", and interviews with writer/director George Lucas, producer Gary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530431",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\na cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people. The film can be said to have helped launch the science fiction boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, making science fiction films a blockbuster genre and mainstream. The widespread impact made it a prime target for parody works and homages, with popular examples including \"\"Hardware Wars\"\", \"\"Spaceballs\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", and its sequels \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". In 1989, the Library of Congress selected the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" film for preservation in the U.S. National Film Registry, as being \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\"\" \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\", was selected",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3709769",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace\"\nwidescreen Collector's Edition version. In its first two days of availability, the regular version sold 4.5 million copies and the limited edition sold 500,000. It was the first \"\"Star Wars\"\" film to be officially released on DVD, on October 16, 2001, in a slightly extended cut from the theatrical release. The special features included seven deleted scenes completed specifically for the DVD, a commentary track featuring Lucas and producer Rick McCallum, and several documentariesincluding a full-length documentary entitled \"\"The Beginning: Making Episode I\"\". \"\"The Phantom Menace\"\" became the fastest selling DVD ever in the U.S.; 2.2 million copies were sold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13694398",
"chunk_text": "\"Cultural impact of Star Wars\"\n\"\"I am your father\"\" have become part of the popular lexicon. The first \"\"Star Wars\"\" film in 1977 was a cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people. Many efforts produced in the science fiction genre (particularly in film) can now be seen to draw heavy influence and inspiration from the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy as well as the magnitude of sequels, spin-offs, series, games and texts that it spawned. Sounds, visuals, and even the iconic score of the films have become integral components in the tapestry of American society. The film helped launch the science fiction boom of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "167598",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\n\"\"Jaws\"\", \"\"Star Wars\"\" started the tradition of the summer blockbuster film in the entertainment industry, where films open on many screens at the same time and profitable franchises are important. It created the model for the major film trilogy and showed that merchandising rights on a film could generate more money than the film itself did. The \"\"Star Wars\"\" saga has inspired many fans to create their own non-canon material set in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" galaxy. In recent years, this has ranged from writing fan fiction to creating fan films. In 2002, Lucasfilm sponsored the first annual Official \"\"Star Wars\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "500751",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nto a film, and the subsequent strong box office returns confirmed its popularity. After two weeks William Friedkin's \"\"Sorcerer\"\" replaced \"\"Star Wars\"\" at Mann's Chinese Theatre because of contractual obligations; Mann Theatres moved the film to a less-prestigious location after quickly renovating it. When \"\"Star Wars\"\" made an unprecedented second opening at Mann's Chinese Theatre on August 3, 1977, after \"\"Sorcerer\"\" failed, thousands of people attended a ceremony in which C-3PO, R2-D2 and Darth Vader placed their footprints in the theater's forecourt. At that time \"\"Star Wars\"\" was playing in 1,096 theaters in the United States. Approximately 60 theaters played",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12134661",
"chunk_text": "\"Shared universe\"\napes and the humans, started. The \"\"Star Wars\"\" film series was created by George Lucas, produced by his self-funded production company Lucasfilm. It originated with the film \"\"\"\" (1977), followed by two sequels under the subtitles \"\"\"\" (1980) and \"\"\"\" (1983); together, those three films are known as the original trilogy and focuses on Luke Skywalker, Han Solo and Princess Leia. The prequel trilogy composed of \"\"\"\" (1999), \"\"\"\" (2002), and \"\"\"\" (2005) expanded the series into a Saga, and focused on Luke Skywalker's father Anakin Skywalker, new cast members portrayed younger versions of characters from the Original trilogy, while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530388",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\ntrilogy of trilogies, Most of the main cast would return for the two additional installments of the original trilogy, which were self-financed by Lucasfilm. The original film was retitled \"\"Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope\"\" for a 1981 rerelease. \"\"Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back\"\" was released in May 1980, also achieving wide financial and critical success. The final film in the trilogy, \"\"\"\" was released in May 1983. The story of the original trilogy focuses on Luke Skywalker's quest to become a Jedi, his struggle with the evil Imperial agent Darth Vader, and the struggle of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12340512",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nbefore losing it again the following year to \"\"Titanic\"\". In total, the film has earned $775,398,007 worldwide (including $460,998,007 in North America alone). Adjusted for inflation, it has earned over $2.5 billion worldwide at 2011 prices, making it the most successful franchise film of all time. According to \"\"Guinness World Records\"\", the film ranks as the third-highest-grossing film when adjusting for inflation; at the North American box office, it ranks second behind \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\" on the inflation-adjusted list. The film was met with critical acclaim upon its release. In his 1977 review, Roger Ebert of the \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339082",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\non \"\"\"\" (1968), to conceptualize the initial spacecraft models; Alex Tavoularis to create the preliminary conceptual storyboard sketches of early scripts; and Ralph McQuarrie to visualize the characters, costumes, props and scenery. McQuarrie's pre-production paintings of certain scenes from Lucas's early screenplay drafts helped 20th Century Fox visualize the film, which positively influenced their decision to fund the project. After McQuarrie's drawings for Lucas's colleagues Hal Barwood and Matthew Robbins (who were collaborating for a film) caught his interest, Lucas met with McQuarrie to discuss his plans for the untitled space fantasy film he wanted to make. Two years later,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12301360",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars Trilogy\"\nnuanced ending they had outlined that saw Han dead, the Rebel forces in pieces, Leia struggling as a queen, and Luke walking off alone (like in a Spaghetti Western)—while Lucas wanted a happier ending, partly to encourage toy sales. This led to tension between the two, resulting in Kurtz leaving the production. Footnotes Citations Star Wars Trilogy The \"\"Star Wars\"\" Trilogy, often colloquially referred to as the original trilogy, is the first set of three films produced in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" franchise, an American space opera created by George Lucas. It was produced by Lucasfilm Ltd. and distributed by 20th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10161704",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nand Trappola mortale (\"\"Deadly trap\"\", the \"\"Falcon\"\" being captured by the Death Star). \"\"Star Wars\"\" debuted on Betamax, CED, LaserDisc, Video 2000, and VHS between the 1980s and 1990s by CBS/Fox Video. The final issue of the original theatrical release (pre-Special Edition) to VHS format occurred in 1995, as part of \"\"Last Chance to Own the Original\"\" campaign, available as part of a trilogy set and as a standalone purchase. The film was released for the first time on DVD on September 21, 2004, in a box set with \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\", \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", and a bonus",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19204376",
"chunk_text": "\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\nThe Galactic Empire, under the leadership of the villainous Darth Vader and the mysterious Emperor, is in pursuit of Luke Skywalker and the rest of the Rebel Alliance. While Vader relentlessly pursues the small band of Luke's friends—Han Solo, Princess Leia Organa, and others—across the galaxy, Luke studies the Force under Jedi Master Yoda. When Vader captures Luke's friends, Luke must decide whether to complete his training and become a full Jedi Knight or to confront Vader and save them. Following a difficult production, \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" was released on May 21, 1980. It received mixed reviews from critics",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8014647",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (1977 comic book)\"\nStar Wars (1977 comic book) Star Wars is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics from April 12, 1977 to May 27, 1986. Featuring classic \"\"Star Wars\"\" characters Luke Skywalker, Princess Leia, Han Solo, Chewbacca, C-3PO, and R2-D2, the first six issues adapt the May 1977 film \"\"Star Wars\"\". The series chronicled their subsequent adventures for 107 issues and three annuals, including a six-issue adaptation of the 1980 sequel film \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" in 1980–1981. The \"\"Star Wars\"\" comic was originally written by Roy Thomas with art by Howard Chaykin. Charles Lippincott, Lucasfilm's publicity supervisor, initially approached publisher",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339075",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nreading books and comics. His first script incorporated ideas from many new sources, including Joseph Campbell's \"\"The Hero with a Thousand Faces\"\". The script would also introduce the concept of a Jedi Master and his son, who trains to be a Jedi under his father's friend; this would ultimately form the basis for the film and, later, the trilogy. However, in this draft, the father is a hero who is still alive at the start of the film. Lucas completed a second draft of \"\"The Star Wars\"\" in January 1975, making heavy simplifications and introducing the young hero on a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5583807",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars: The Force Awakens\"\n(2005). \"\"Star Wars: The Force Awakens\"\" was widely anticipated, and Disney backed the film with extensive marketing campaigns. It premiered in Los Angeles on December 14, 2015, before its wide release in the United States on December 18. The film received positive reviews, with praise for its acting, screenplay, direction, musical score, visual effects, and action sequences, although it received some criticism for being derivative of the original trilogy. The film and became, unadjusted for inflation, the highest-grossing installment in the franchise, the highest-grossing film in North America, the highest-grossing film of 2015, and the third-highest-grossing film of all time,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12166945",
"chunk_text": "THX\nthe very first film to show THX was \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\", in its theatrical debut on May 25, 1983. THX had certified home media releases beginning in 1993 with \"\"The Abyss\"\" on Laserdisc, 1995 with the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" Trilogy on VHS, and 1997 on DVD. In 2000, based on the long-lasting \"\"Broadway\"\" trailer, a new trailer called \"\"Broadway 2000\"\" could be seen in theaters and DVDs. The \"\"Broadway\"\" trailer on the DVD releases has a lower-pitched Deep Note, while the VHS/Laserdisc logo has a higher-pitched Deep Note that was similar to the \"\"Wings\"\" logo from its theatrical debut",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12339118",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nhim that an original score would be unique and more unified. However, a few of Williams's pieces were influenced by the tracks given to him by Lucas: the \"\"Main Title Theme\"\" was inspired by the theme from the 1942 film \"\"Kings Row\"\", scored by Erich Wolfgang Korngold; and the track \"\"Dune Sea of Tatooine\"\" drew from the soundtrack of \"\"Bicycle Thieves\"\", scored by Alessandro Cicognini. In March 1977, Williams conducted the London Symphony Orchestra to record the \"\"Star Wars\"\" soundtrack in 12 days. The original soundtrack was released as a double LP in 1977 by 20th Century Records. 20th Century",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11530398",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\ntitles, instead carrying the promotional \"\"\"\"A Star Wars Story\"\"\"\" subtitle. Focused on how the rebels obtained the Death Star plans from the 1977 film, the first anthology film, \"\"Rogue One\"\", was released on December 16, 2016 to favorable reviews and box office success. The second, \"\"\"\", centered on a young Han Solo with Chewbacca and Lando as supporting characters, was released on May 25, 2018 to mixed reviews and underperformance at the box office. Despite this, more anthology films are expected to be released. In November 2017, Lucasfilm announced that Rian Johnson, the writer/director of \"\"The Last Jedi\"\", would be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "500737",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars (film)\"\nGerman fighters. Clips from both films were included in Lucas's temporary dogfight footage version of the sequence. The opening shot of \"\"Star Wars\"\", in which a detailed spaceship fills the screen overhead, is a reference to the scene introducing the interplanetary spacecraft \"\"Discovery One\"\" in Stanley Kubrick's seminal 1968 film \"\"\"\". The earlier big-budget science fiction film influenced the look of \"\"Star Wars\"\" in many other ways, including the use of EVA pods and hexagonal corridors. The Death Star has a docking bay reminiscent of the one on the orbiting space station in \"\"2001\"\". Although golden and male, C-3PO was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17137708",
"chunk_text": "\"Gary Kurtz\"\nHoward Kazanjian took over the producer's reins for \"\"Return of the Jedi\"\". \"\"The Empire Strikes Back\"\" was released on May 21, 1980, becoming the most critically acclaimed chapter in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" saga and one of the most highly rated films in history. It earned more than $538 million worldwide over the original run and several re-releases, making it highest-grossing film in 1980. When adjusted for inflation, it is the twelfth-highest-grossing film in the U.S. and Canada . In 2010, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being \"\"culturally, historically,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "167597",
"chunk_text": "\"Star Wars\"\nby posting a profit of $79 million. The franchise helped Fox to change from an almost bankrupt production company to a thriving media conglomerate. \"\"Star Wars\"\" fundamentally changed the aesthetics and narratives of Hollywood films, switching the focus of Hollywood-made films from deep, meaningful stories based on dramatic conflict, themes and irony to sprawling special-effects-laden blockbusters, as well as changing the Hollywood film industry in fundamental ways. Before \"\"Star Wars\"\", special effects in films had not appreciably advanced since the 1950s. The commercial success of \"\"Star Wars\"\" created a boom in state-of-the-art special effects in the late 1970s. Along with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_654
|
who was the bad guy in silence of the lambs?
|
n/a
|
[
"Buffalo Bill"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17160702",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffalo Bill (character)\"\nare visible in Gumb's basement in the film. Buffalo Bill (character) Jame Gumb (known by the nickname Buffalo Bill) is a character and the primary antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1988 novel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and its 1991 film adaptation, in which he is played by Ted Levine. In the film and the novel, he is a serial killer who murders overweight women and skins them so he can make a \"\"woman suit\"\" for himself. According to the novel, Gumb was born in California on October 25, 1949, and abandoned by his mother – an alcoholic aspiring actress who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110786",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nThe Silence of the Lambs (film) The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American psychological horror-thriller film directed by Jonathan Demme from a screenplay written by Ted Tally, adapted from Thomas Harris's 1988 novel of the same name. The film stars Jodie Foster, Anthony Hopkins, Scott Glenn, Ted Levine, and Anthony Heald. In the film, Clarice Starling, a young FBI trainee, seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer to apprehend another serial killer, known only as \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\", who skins his female victims' corpses. The novel was Harris's first and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16004493",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\nHannibal Lecter Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a character in a series of suspense novels by Thomas Harris. Lecter was introduced in the 1981 thriller novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\" as a forensic psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The novel and its sequel, \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", feature Lecter as one of the primary antagonists after the two serial killers in both novels. In the third novel, \"\"Hannibal\"\", Lecter becomes a protagonist. His role as the antihero occurs in the fourth novel, \"\"Hannibal Rising\"\", which explores his childhood and development into a serial killer. The first film adapted from the Harris novels",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14246594",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\ntrainee Clarice Starling, is pulled from her training at the FBI Academy at Quantico, Virginia by Jack Crawford of the Bureau's Behavioral Science Unit. He assigns her to interview Hannibal Lecter, a former psychiatrist and incarcerated cannibalistic serial killer, whose insight might prove useful in the pursuit of a serial killer nicknamed \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\", who skins his female victims' corpses. Starling travels to the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane, where she is led by Frederick Chilton to Lecter's solitary quarters. Although initially pleasant and courteous, Lecter grows impatient with Starling's attempts at \"\"dissecting\"\" him and rebuffs her. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110819",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nthe \"\"Playboy\"\" centerfold.\"\" The Silence of the Lambs (film) The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American psychological horror-thriller film directed by Jonathan Demme from a screenplay written by Ted Tally, adapted from Thomas Harris's 1988 novel of the same name. The film stars Jodie Foster, Anthony Hopkins, Scott Glenn, Ted Levine, and Anthony Heald. In the film, Clarice Starling, a young FBI trainee, seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer to apprehend another serial killer, known only as \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\", who skins his female victims' corpses. The novel was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3041753",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffalo Bill (character)\"\nBuffalo Bill (character) Jame Gumb (known by the nickname Buffalo Bill) is a character and the primary antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1988 novel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and its 1991 film adaptation, in which he is played by Ted Levine. In the film and the novel, he is a serial killer who murders overweight women and skins them so he can make a \"\"woman suit\"\" for himself. According to the novel, Gumb was born in California on October 25, 1949, and abandoned by his mother – an alcoholic aspiring actress who misspelled \"\"James\"\" on his birth certificate – and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14344052",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (novel)\"\nto present a questionnaire to the brilliant forensic psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer, Hannibal Lecter. Lecter is serving nine consecutive life sentences in a Maryland mental institution for a series of murders. Crawford's real intention, however, is to try to solicit Lecter's assistance in the hunt for a serial killer dubbed \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\", whose modus operandi involves kidnapping overweight women, starving them for up to two weeks, killing and skinning them, and dumping the remains in nearby rivers. The nickname was started by Kansas City Homicide, as a sick joke that \"\"he likes to skin his humps.\"\" Throughout the investigation,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110802",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nwas then offered the part based on his performance in \"\"The Elephant Man\"\". Other actors considered for the role included Al Pacino, Robert De Niro, Dustin Hoffman, Derek Jacobi and Daniel Day-Lewis. Gene Hackman was originally going to play Jack Crawford, the Agent-in-Charge of the Behavioral Science Unit of the FBI in Quantico, Virginia but he found the script \"\"too violent.\"\" Scott Glenn was then cast in the role. To prepare for the role, Glenn met with John E. Douglas, after whom the character is modeled. Douglas gave Glenn a tour of the Quantico facility and also played for him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14344051",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (novel)\"\nThe Silence of the Lambs (novel) The Silence of the Lambs is a novel by Thomas Harris. First published in 1988, it is the sequel to Harris' 1981 novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\". Both novels feature the cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter, this time pitted against FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling. Its film adaptation directed by Jonathan Demme was released in 1991 to box office success and critical acclaim. Clarice Starling, a young FBI trainee, is asked to carry out an errand by Jack Crawford, the head of the FBI division that draws up psychological profiles of serial killers. Starling is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1102484",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\nperformance. In 2003, Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) was chosen by the American Film Institute as the greatest villain in American cinema. In June 2010, \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" named him one of the \"\"100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years\"\". \"\"Red Dragon\"\" firmly states that Lecter does not fit any known psychological profile. In \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Lecter's keeper, Dr. Frederick Chilton, claims that Lecter is a \"\"pure sociopath\"\" (\"\"pure psychopath\"\" in the film adaptation). In the novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\", protagonist Will Graham says that Lecter has no conscience and tortured animals as a child, but does",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110816",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nAmerican Film Institute named Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) the number one film villain of all time and Clarice Starling (as portrayed by Foster) the sixth-greatest film hero of all time. In 2011, ABC aired a prime-time special, \"\"\"\", that counted down the best films chosen by fans based on results of a poll conducted by ABC and \"\"People\"\" magazine. \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" was selected as the 1 Best Suspense/Thriller and Dr. Hannibal Lecter was selected as the 4 Greatest Film Character. The film and its characters have appeared in the following AFI \"\"100 Years\"\" lists: In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13904678",
"chunk_text": "\"Mason Verger\"\nMason Verger Mason Verger is a fictional character and a primary antagonist of Thomas Harris' 1999 novel \"\"Hannibal\"\", as well as its 2001 film adaptation and the second and third season of the TV series \"\"Hannibal\"\". In the film, he is portrayed by Gary Oldman, while in the TV series he is portrayed by Michael Pitt and Joe Anderson. Mason Verger is introduced in the novel \"\"Hannibal\"\" as a wealthy sexual sadist who was horribly disfigured during a therapy session with Dr. Hannibal Lecter. He plans gruesome revenge against Lecter, which sets the novel's plot in motion. The novel and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14246605",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nMob\"\", Demme's first choice for the role of Starling was Michelle Pfeiffer, who turned it down, later saying, \"\"It was a difficult decision, but I got nervous about the subject matter\"\". Still not convinced, he went to Meg Ryan who rejected it as well for its gruesome themes and then to Laura Dern, of whom the studio was skeptical as not being a bankable choice. As a result, Foster was awarded the role due to her passion towards the character. For the role of Dr. Hannibal Lecter, Demme originally approached Sean Connery. After the actor turned it down, Anthony Hopkins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12171867",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (novel)\"\nexpresses skepticism at the genuineness of the offer. After Starling leaves, Lecter reminisces on the past, recalling a conversation with Benjamin Raspail, a former patient whom he had eventually murdered. During therapy sessions, Raspail told Lecter about a former lover, Jame Gumb: after Raspail left Gumb and began dating a sailor named Klaus, Gumb became jealous and murdered Klaus, using his skin to make an apron. Raspail also revealed that Gumb had an epiphany upon watching a moth hatch. Lecter's ruminations are interrupted when Dr. Frederick Chilton – the asylum's administrator and Lecter's self-styled nemesis – steps in. A listening",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "752056",
"chunk_text": "\"Will Graham (character)\"\nWill Graham (character) Will Graham is a fictional character in Thomas Harris' 1981 novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\". Other than passing mentions in Harris' sequel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", he does not appear in any other book of the Lecter series. In the film adaptations \"\"Manhunter\"\" and \"\"Red Dragon\"\", he is portrayed by William Petersen and Edward Norton, respectively. In the television series \"\"Hannibal\"\", he is portrayed by Hugh Dancy. Graham is an FBI profiler responsible for the capture of serial killer Hannibal Lecter, and who is later assigned to capture serial killer Francis Dolarhyde. In both the text and film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14307554",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Heald\"\nof the Oregon Shakespeare Festival, Heald played Shylock in Shakespeare's \"\"The Merchant of Venice\"\". Anthony Heald Philip Anthony Mair Heald (born August 25, 1944) is an American actor known for portraying Hannibal Lecter's jail nemesis, Dr. Frederick Chilton, in \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and \"\"Red Dragon\"\", and for playing assistant principal Scott Guber in David E. Kelley's \"\"Boston Public\"\". Heald also had a recurring role as Judge Cooper on Kelley's \"\"The Practice\"\" and \"\"Boston Legal\"\". Heald was born in New Rochelle, New York, the son of an editor. He graduated from Michigan State University in 1971. Heald has worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110792",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nto offer Lecter a fake deal, promising a prison transfer if he provides information that helps them find Buffalo Bill and rescue Catherine. Instead, Lecter demands a \"\"quid pro quo\"\" from Starling, offering clues about Buffalo Bill in exchange for personal information. Starling tells Lecter about the murder of her father when she was ten years old. Chilton secretly records the conversation and reveals Starling's deceit before offering Lecter a deal of Chilton's own making. Lecter agrees and is flown to Memphis, where he verbally torments Senator Ruth Martin, and gives her misleading information on Buffalo Bill, including the name",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10334079",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick Chilton\"\nFrederick Chilton Dr. Frederick Chilton is a fictional character appearing in Thomas Harris' novels \"\"Red Dragon\"\" and \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\". Chilton is first introduced in Harris' 1981 novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\" as the pompous, incompetent director of a sanitarium near Baltimore, Maryland, acting as the jailer for the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter. When FBI profiler Will Graham goes to Lecter for advice on capturing another serial killer, Francis Dolarhyde, Chilton makes an unwelcome attempt to question Graham about Lecter's psyche. When Dolarhyde learns of Graham's visits with Lecter, the two killers attempt to correspond through the classifieds of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13451977",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\nrevenge, he forsakes his relationship with Murasaki and seemingly loses all traces of his humanity. The novel ends with Lecter being accepted to the Johns Hopkins Hospital. \"\"Red Dragon\"\" was first adapted to film in 1986 as the Michael Mann film \"\"Manhunter\"\", although the spelling of Lecter's name was changed to \"\"Lecktor\"\". He was played by actor Brian Cox. Cox based his performance on Scottish serial killer Peter Manuel. In 1991, Orion Pictures produced a Jonathan Demme-directed adaptation of \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", in which Lecter was played by actor Anthony Hopkins. Hopkins' Academy Award–winning performance made Lecter into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6267947",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Heald\"\nAnthony Heald Philip Anthony Mair Heald (born August 25, 1944) is an American actor known for portraying Hannibal Lecter's jail nemesis, Dr. Frederick Chilton, in \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and \"\"Red Dragon\"\", and for playing assistant principal Scott Guber in David E. Kelley's \"\"Boston Public\"\". Heald also had a recurring role as Judge Cooper on Kelley's \"\"The Practice\"\" and \"\"Boston Legal\"\". Heald was born in New Rochelle, New York, the son of an editor. He graduated from Michigan State University in 1971. Heald has worked extensively on Broadway and has been twice nominated for the Tony Award for his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13351857",
"chunk_text": "\"Clarice Starling\"\nthe Lambs\"\", Starling is a student at the FBI Academy. Her mentor, Behavioral Sciences Unit chief Jack Crawford, sends her to interview Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. He is housed in a Baltimore mental institution. Upon arriving at the asylum for her first interview with Lecter, the asylum manager Frederick Chilton makes a crude pass at her, which she rebuffs; this helps her bond with Lecter, who despises Chilton. As time passes, Lecter gives Starling information about Buffalo Bill, a currently active serial killer being hunted by the FBI, but only in exchange for personal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19803637",
"chunk_text": "\"Fictional portrayals of psychopaths\"\nin film and literature, sometimes incorporating a hybrid of traditional psychopaths from early film and late-19th century literature with the high-functioning behaviors detected in some serial killers. The psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter, most notably portrayed by Anthony Hopkins in the Academy Award-winning 1991 film \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", is perhaps the most infamous fictional psychopath of the 20th century. Lecter is intelligent and sophisticated (whereas psychopathy is generally associated with lower than average verbal intelligence), and his disarming charisma and wit disguise his true nature as a serial killer. He spends most of the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2565766",
"chunk_text": "\"Aestheticization of violence\"\nAccording to James Fox, filmmaker Donald Cammell \"\"...looked upon violence as an artist might look on paint. [He asked:] What are its components? What's its nature? Its glamour?\"\" Thomas Harris created a fictional character called Hannibal Lecter, a cannibal and aesthete killer. In the films adapted from his work, \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" (1991) and \"\"Hannibal\"\" (2001), directors Jonathan Demme and Ridley Scott, respectively intentionally generate excitement and anticipation when Lecter is about to kill (and eat) a victim. Lecter was portrayed by Anthony Hopkins. In David Lynch's \"\"Blue Velvet\"\" (1986), the villain of the film, Frank Booth, is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10334832",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick Chilton\"\nbeing absent. In both \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and \"\"Red Dragon\"\", he is played by Anthony Heald. In the TV series \"\"Hannibal\"\", a loose adaptation of the novels, Chilton is portrayed by Raúl Esparza. In this continuity, Chilton was originally a \"\"dangerously incompetent\"\" surgeon who switched his specialty to psychiatry after accidentally killing a patient. He first appears in the episode \"\"Entrée\"\", in which his patient Dr. Abel Gideon (Eddie Izzard) kills a nurse after Chilton unwittingly influences him into believing that he is the serial killer known as the Chesapeake Ripper. Gideon eventually learns the truth and suffers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13904683",
"chunk_text": "\"Mason Verger\"\na fellow sex offender – and Margot, who works for Mason as a bodyguard. Margot despises her brother, but stays in his employ to persuade him to donate his sperm to her partner, Judy, so they can conceive a child. Mason strings her along, knowing she cannot leave if she wants to see her share of the Verger family fortune; their father had disinherited her when she came out as a lesbian, and willed his estate to any future heir Mason might have. Seven years after Lecter's escape in \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Mason pays Lecter's former guard, Barney",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "752083",
"chunk_text": "\"Will Graham (character)\"\nhas further stated that, should the series be renewed for another season, Lecter and Graham would be on the run from the FBI in Argentina. Will Graham (character) Will Graham is a fictional character in Thomas Harris' 1981 novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\". Other than passing mentions in Harris' sequel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", he does not appear in any other book of the Lecter series. In the film adaptations \"\"Manhunter\"\" and \"\"Red Dragon\"\", he is portrayed by William Petersen and Edward Norton, respectively. In the television series \"\"Hannibal\"\", he is portrayed by Hugh Dancy. Graham is an FBI profiler responsible",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110789",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nlist of 500 greatest movies of all time. The American Film Institute, ranked it as the 5th greatest and most influential thriller film of all time while the characters Clarice Starling and Hannibal Lecter were ranked as the greatest film heroine and villain respectively. The film is considered \"\"culturally, historically or aesthetically\"\" significant by the U.S. Library of Congress and was selected to be preserved in the National Film Registry in 2011. A sequel titled \"\"Hannibal\"\" was released in 2001, in which Hopkins reprised his role. It was followed by two prequels: \"\"Red Dragon\"\" (2002) and \"\"Hannibal Rising\"\" (2007). FBI",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110791",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nshe is leaving, one of the prisoners flicks semen at her. Lecter, who considers this act \"\"unspeakably ugly\"\", calls Starling back and tells her to seek out an old patient of his. This leads her to a storage shed, where she discovers a man's severed head with a sphinx moth lodged in its throat. She returns to Lecter, who tells her that the man is linked to Buffalo Bill. He offers to profile Buffalo Bill on the condition that he may be transferred away from Chilton, whom he detests. Buffalo Bill abducts a Senator's daughter, Catherine Martin. Crawford authorizes Starling",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4068903",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\ncatch another serial killer, Francis Dolarhyde, known by the nickname \"\"The Tooth Fairy\"\". Through the classifieds of a tabloid called \"\"The National Tattler\"\", Lecter provides Dolarhyde with Graham's home address, enabling Dolarhyde to disfigure Graham and attempt to kill his family. At the end of the novel, Lecter sends Graham a taunting note saying that he hopes Graham isn't \"\"too ugly\"\". In the 1988 sequel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Lecter assists FBI agent-in-training Clarice Starling in catching a serial killer known as \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\". Lecter is fascinated by Starling, and they form an unusual relationship in which he provides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10334080",
"chunk_text": "\"Frederick Chilton\"\na tabloid newspaper; a cleaning crew finds one of Dolarhyde's letters, hidden within Lecter's toilet paper spool. Chilton informs Graham and his superior, Jack Crawford, of the discovery. Lecter's reply is intercepted and revealed to contain Graham's home address, which Dolarhyde uses to track down Graham in the novel's climax. In \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Chilton allows Crawford to send an FBI trainee, Clarice Starling, to interview Lecter about another serial killer, Buffalo Bill. He makes a clumsy pass at Starling on their first meeting and she quickly rejects him. Chilton gradually grows jealous of Starling's success, where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19803638",
"chunk_text": "\"Fictional portrayals of psychopaths\"\nin a cell, taunting Clarice Starling with clues to the identity of another serial killer, Buffalo Bill, in exchange for intimate details of Starling's troubled childhood. Lecter first appeared in Thomas Harris' 1981 novel \"\"Red Dragon\"\", in which he is characterized as not fitting any known psychological profile. In the film adaptation of \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", he is referred to as a \"\"pure psychopath\"\". In the later novels \"\"Hannibal\"\" and \"\"Hannibal Rising\"\", Lecter's psychopathy is portrayed as the result of seeing his sister Mischa murdered and cannibalized during World War II. In 2013 Harris revealed that he originally",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1110797",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nassures her that he does not plan to pursue her and asks her to return the favor, which she says she cannot do. Lecter then hangs up the phone, saying that he is \"\"having an old friend for dinner\"\", and starts following a newly arrived Chilton before disappearing into the crowd. \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" is based on Thomas Harris' 1988 novel of the same name and is the second film to feature the character Hannibal Lecter following the 1986 film \"\"Manhunter\"\". Prior to the novel's release, Orion Pictures partnered with Gene Hackman to bring the novel to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11612962",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Crawford (character)\"\neventually solves the case, but Dolarhyde disfigures him before Graham's wife kills him. Crawford feels responsible for Graham's misfortune, and resents Lecter for the rest of his life. Jack Crawford appears again in the novel \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", again investigating a serial killer. This time, the serial killer is called \"\"Buffalo Bill\"\", and his killing signature involves killing and skinning women. Crawford is stumped in trying to determine who Buffalo Bill is, and is forced to once again call upon Lecter for assistance. This time, however, Crawford sends an FBI trainee, Clarice Starling, to interview him. By way",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13904686",
"chunk_text": "\"Mason Verger\"\nhis physician, Cordell Doemling (Željko Ivanek), who at Lecter's suggestion pushes his hated boss into the pig pen in which Lecter was intended to die. Mason is then gored and devoured by a pack of wild boars. Mason Verger appears in the NBC television series \"\"Hannibal\"\" as the main antagonist for the second half of the second season and the first half of the third season. He is portrayed by Michael Pitt in the show's second season, and by Joe Anderson in the third. Series creator Bryan Fuller called this version of the character \"\"The Joker to Hannibal's Batman\"\". Mason",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14575508",
"chunk_text": "\"Candice DeLong\"\nOwens on the San Francisco Bay Area radio station KGO. Candice DeLong Candice DeLong (born July 16, 1950) is a former FBI criminal profiler and criminologist. DeLong was the lead profiler in San Francisco, California, and worked on the Unabomber case. Currently, she hosts the Investigation Discovery programs \"\"Deadly Women\"\" and \"\"Facing Evil with Candice DeLong\"\". She has often been compared to the protagonist of the movie \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Clarice Starling. Born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, DeLong is the daughter of a building contractor father and a homemaker mother. Growing up, DeLong stated that her father",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16082438",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Harris\"\nThomas Harris William Thomas Harris III (born September 22, 1940) is an American writer, best known for a series of suspense novels about his most famous character, Hannibal Lecter. All of his works have been made into films, the most notable being \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", which became only the third film in Academy Award history to sweep the Oscars in major categories. Harris was born in Jackson, Tennessee, but moved as a child with his family to Rich, Mississippi. He was introverted and bookish in grade school and then blossomed in high school. He attended Baylor University in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9078130",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Hopkins\"\nRidley Scott's \"\"Hannibal\"\" (2001), and \"\"Red Dragon\"\" (2002). His original portrayal of the character in \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" has been labelled by the AFI as the number-one film villain. Director Jonathan Demme wanted a British actor for the role, with Jodie Foster stating, \"\"Lecter is a manipulator and has a way of using language to keep people at bay. You wanted to see that Shakespearean monster.\"\" At the time he was offered the role, Hopkins was making a return to the London stage, performing in \"\"M. Butterfly\"\". He had come back to Britain after living for a number",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17160728",
"chunk_text": "\"Francis Dolarhyde\"\nMarlowe family. In this continuity, Dolarhyde and Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen) communicate directly by telephone, and Dolarhyde's inner discussions with the Dragon are instead depicted as therapy sessions with Lecter. In the series finale, \"\"The Wrath of the Lamb\"\", Lecter and Graham (Hugh Dancy) kill Dolarhyde together; Graham stabs him, while Lecter bites his throat out. Harris loosely based Francis Dolarhyde on the then-unidentified serial killer known as \"\"BTK\"\" (Bind, Torture, Kill), who at the time of the book's publication was terrorizing Kansas with a series of murders, beginning with the murder of an entire family in their own home. Like",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13351856",
"chunk_text": "\"Clarice Starling\"\nClarice Starling Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character who appears in the novels \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" and \"\"Hannibal\"\" by Thomas Harris. In the film adaptation of \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", she was played by Jodie Foster, while in the film adaptation of \"\"Hannibal\"\", she was played by Julianne Moore. Clarice Starling, as portrayed by Foster, was ranked the sixth greatest protagonist in film history on AFI's \"\"100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains\"\", making her the highest-ranking heroine. In 1991, for her portrayal of Starling she also received the Academy Award for Best Actress. In \"\"The Silence of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17051348",
"chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Hendrickson\"\n(taking over the title part in 1981 after serving as David Bowie's understudy), \"\"Awake and Sing\"\" and \"\"Strider\"\". Hendrickson also acted in feature films. He originated the role of Frederick Chilton, Hannibal Lecter's pompous, incompetent psychiatrist, in the 1986 film \"\"Manhunter\"\"; the part was later played by Anthony Heald in \"\"the Silence of the Lambs\"\" (1991) and \"\"Red Dragon\"\" (2002) and Raúl Esparza in the TV series \"\"Hannibal\"\" (2013-2015). Hendrickson's other credits include \"\"Dreams Don't Die\"\" (1982), \"\"Russkies\"\" (1987), \"\"Regarding Henry\"\" (1991), \"\"Consenting Adults\"\" (1992) and \"\"Spanking the Monkey\"\" (1994). Hendrickson made appearances on daytime television in the early 1980s;",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12913580",
"chunk_text": "\"Thomas Harris\"\nsaid of Harris, \"\"All he is is a talent of the first rank.\"\" Thomas Harris William Thomas Harris III (born September 22, 1940) is an American writer, best known for a series of suspense novels about his most famous character, Hannibal Lecter. All of his works have been made into films, the most notable being \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", which became only the third film in Academy Award history to sweep the Oscars in major categories. Harris was born in Jackson, Tennessee, but moved as a child with his family to Rich, Mississippi. He was introverted and bookish in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12171871",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (novel)\"\na brief moment of connection before Chilton forces her to leave. Shortly after this, Lecter escapes by killing and eviscerating his guards, using one of their faces as a mask to fool paramedics. Starling continues her search for Buffalo Bill, deducing that he knew his first victim, Fredrica Bimmel, from everyday life. She visits Fredrica's family home and discovers that both she and Buffalo Bill were accomplished tailors. By canvassing Bimmel's known associates, she ends up at the house of one Jame Gumb, a dressmaker and leatherworker. She spies a Black Witch moth in his home and knows who she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1102522",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\ninto Buffalo Bill's development as a killer in \"\"Silence of the Lambs\"\". Ballí was initially condemned to death, but his sentence was later commuted to 20 years and he was released in 1981. After his release, Ballí continued working as a physician in an austere office until his death by natural causes in 2009. In her book \"\"Evil Serial Killers\"\", Charlotte Greig asserts that the serial killer Albert Fish was the inspiration, at least in part, for Lecter. Greig also states that to explain Lecter's pathology, Harris borrowed the story of serial killer and cannibal Andrei Chikatilo's brother Stepan being",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14246602",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nbig screen. With Hackman set to direct and possibly star in the role of Crawford, negotiations were made to split the $500,000 cost of rights between Hackman and the studio. In addition to securing the rights to the novel, producers also had to acquire the rights to the name \"\"Hannibal Lecter\"\", which were owned by \"\"Manhunter\"\" producer Dino De Laurentiis. Owing to the financial failure of the earlier film, De Laurentiis lent the character rights to Orion Pictures for free. In November 1987, Ted Tally was brought on to write the adaptation; Tally had previously crossed paths with Harris many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8216087",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Hopkins\"\nas Robert Ford in the HBO sci-fi series \"\"Westworld\"\". Hopkins played Autobot ally Sir Edmund Burton in \"\"\"\", which was released in June 2017. Perhaps Hopkins' most famous role is as the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter in \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1991, with Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling, who also won for Best Actress. The film won Best Picture, Best Director and Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and Hopkins also picked up his first BAFTA for Best Actor. Hopkins reprised his role as Lecter twice; in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12171869",
"chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (novel)\"\nwith Senator Martin briefly, enjoying the woman's anguish, but eventually gives her some information about Buffalo Bill: his name is William \"\"Billy\"\" Rubin, and he has suffered from \"\"elephant ivory anthrax\"\", a knifemaker's disease. He also provides an accurate physical description. The name, however, is a red herring: bilirubin is a pigment in human bile and a chief coloring agent in human feces, which the forensic lab compares to the color of Chilton's hair. Starling tries one last time to get information from Lecter as he is held in police custody. He offers a final clue – \"\"we covet what",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9017162",
"chunk_text": "\"Candice DeLong\"\nCandice DeLong Candice DeLong (born July 16, 1950) is a former FBI criminal profiler and criminologist. DeLong was the lead profiler in San Francisco, California, and worked on the Unabomber case. Currently, she hosts the Investigation Discovery programs \"\"Deadly Women\"\" and \"\"Facing Evil with Candice DeLong\"\". She has often been compared to the protagonist of the movie \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", Clarice Starling. Born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, DeLong is the daughter of a building contractor father and a homemaker mother. Growing up, DeLong stated that her father had told her to choose a practical career. Before entering",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12132708",
"chunk_text": "LaMB\namong citizens presenting pros and cons of the ethical feasibility of \"\"Lamination\"\". The story follows protagonists Sara Integra and Jack Griswold's struggle against Cerra's system of imprisonment. Major Sara Integra is a former weapons specialist in bio-weapons division. While she was on a military assignment, innocent lives were lost during an experiment gone wrong. She was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to 200 years encased in a laminated suit. Sara forever became known as Eve, or Eve1135. When she became a LaMB, Eve was assigned a Shepherd. Shepherds control the actions and movement of the LaMBs. Included among the laws",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16004497",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Lecter\"\nnot exhibit any other of the criteria traditionally associated with sociopathy; Graham explains that psychiatrists refer to Lecter as a sociopath because \"\"they don't know what else to call him\"\". In the film adaptation of \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", protagonist Clarice Starling says of Lecter, \"\"They don't have a name for what he is.\"\" Lecter's pathology is explored in greater detail in \"\"Hannibal\"\" and \"\"Hannibal Rising\"\", which explains that he was traumatized as a child in Lithuania in 1944 when he witnessed the murder and cannibalism of his beloved sister, Mischa, by a group of deserting Lithuanian Hilfswillige, one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15571718",
"chunk_text": "\"John E. Douglas\"\nsupporting her innocence in his book \"\"The Forgotten Killer\"\". Jack Crawford, a major character in the Thomas Harris novels \"\"Red Dragon\"\" and \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", was directly based on Douglas. Crawford was played by Dennis Farina in the film \"\"Manhunter\"\", by Scott Glenn in the film \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\", by Harvey Keitel in the 2002 \"\"Red Dragon\"\", and by Laurence Fishburne in the 2013 NBC series \"\"Hannibal\"\". According to Bryan Fuller, creator of \"\"Hannibal\"\", the series' version of Will Graham is based in part on Douglas, namely in the character suffering a severe case of autoimmune",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_655
|
epidemiologists attempt to explain the link between health and variables such as?
|
n/a
|
[
"biological agents",
"disease conditions in defined populations",
"smoking",
"stress",
"chemicals",
"alcohol"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
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"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nis reduced by ½. Although epidemiology is sometimes viewed as a collection of statistical tools used to elucidate the associations of exposures to health outcomes, a deeper understanding of this science is that of discovering \"\"causal\"\" relationships. \"\"Correlation does not imply causation\"\" is a common theme for much of the epidemiological literature. For epidemiologists, the key is in the term inference. Correlation, or at least association between two variables, is a necessary but not sufficient criteria for inference that one variable causes the other. Epidemiologists use gathered data and a broad range of biomedical and psychosocial theories in an iterative",
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"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nEpidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where) and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences. Major areas of epidemiological",
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"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nand experimental (a term often equated with clinical or community trials of treatments and other interventions). In observational studies, nature is allowed to \"\"take its course,\"\" as epidemiologists observe from the sidelines. Conversely, in experimental studies, the epidemiologist is the one in control of all of the factors entering a certain case study. Epidemiological studies are aimed, where possible, at revealing unbiased relationships between exposures such as alcohol or smoking, biological agents, stress, or chemicals to mortality or morbidity. The identification of causal relationships between these exposures and outcomes is an important aspect of epidemiology. Modern epidemiologists use informatics as",
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"chunk_text": "\"Epidemiological method\"\nEpidemiological method The science of epidemiology has matured significantly from the times of Hippocrates, Semmelweis and John Snow. The techniques for gathering and analyzing epidemiological data vary depending on the type of disease being monitored but each study will have overarching similarities. Epidemiologists are famous for their use of rates. Each measure serves to characterize the disease giving valuable information about contagiousness, incubation period, duration, and mortality of the disease. Epidemiological (and other observational) studies typically highlight \"\"associations\"\" between exposures and outcomes, rather than causation. While some consider this a limitation of observational research, epidemiological models of causation (e.g. Bradford",
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"chunk_text": "Disease\nfactors that cause or encourage diseases. Some diseases are more common in certain geographic areas, among people with certain genetic or socioeconomic characteristics, or at different times of the year. Epidemiology is considered a cornerstone methodology of public health research, and is highly regarded in evidence-based medicine for identifying risk factors for disease. In the study of communicable and non-communicable diseases, the work of epidemiologists ranges from outbreak investigation to study design, data collection and analysis including the development of statistical models to test hypotheses and the documentation of results for submission to peer-reviewed journals. Epidemiologists also study the interaction",
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"page_id": 4
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"chunk_id": "11676461",
"chunk_text": "\"Social epidemiology\"\nSocial epidemiology While epidemiology is \"\"the study of the distribution and determinants of states of health in populations\"\", social epidemiology is \"\"that branch of epidemiology concerned with the way that social structures, institutions, and relationships influence health.\"\" This research includes \"\"both specific features of, and pathways by which, societal conditions affect health\"\". Although health research is often organized by disease categories or organ systems, theoretical development in social epidemiology is typically organized around factors that influence health (i.e., health determinants rather than health outcomes). Many social factors are thought to be relevant for a wide range of health domains. Social",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
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"chunk_id": "17997828",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\n(RR), which is the probability of disease for a person in the exposed group, \"\"P\"\" = \"\"A\"\" / (\"\"A\"\" + \"\"B\"\") over the probability of disease for a person in the unexposed group, \"\"P\"\" = \"\"C\"\" / (\"\"C\"\" + \"\"D\"\"), i.e. \"\"RR\"\" = \"\"P\"\" / \"\"P\"\". As with the OR, a RR greater than 1 shows association, where the conclusion can be read \"\"those with the exposure were more likely to develop disease.\"\" Prospective studies have many benefits over case control studies. The RR is a more powerful effect measure than the OR, as the OR is just an estimation",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
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"chunk_id": "10262165",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nstudy include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to better understand proximate and distal causes, and engineering for exposure assessment. \"\"Epidemiology\"\", literally meaning \"\"the study of what is upon the people\"\", is derived , suggesting that it applies only to human populations. However, the term is widely used in studies of zoological populations (veterinary",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
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"chunk_text": "\"Causal inference\"\nthe two. A hypothesis is formulated, and then tested with statistical methods (see Statistical hypothesis testing). It is statistical inference that helps decide if data are due to chance, also called random variation, or indeed correlated and if so how strongly. However, correlation does not imply causation, so further methods must be used to infer causation. Common frameworks for causal inference are structural equation modeling and the Rubin causal model. Epidemiology studies patterns of health and disease in defined populations of living beings in order to infer causes and effects. An association between an exposure to a putative risk factor",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
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"chunk_id": "579877",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\ncausal factors. These can include case-control studies or prospective studies. A case-control study would involve matching comparable controls without the disease to the cases in the series. A prospective study would involve following the case series over time to evaluate the disease's natural history. The latter type, more formally described as self-controlled case-series studies, divide individual patient follow-up time into exposed and unexposed periods and use fixed-effects Poisson regression processes to compare the incidence rate of a given outcome between exposed and unexposed periods. This technique has been extensively used in the study of adverse reactions to vaccination and has",
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"page_id": 9
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"chunk_id": "17997833",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nis concerned with the incidence of disease in populations and does not address the question of the cause of an individual's disease. This question, sometimes referred to as specific causation, is beyond the domain of the science of epidemiology. Epidemiology has its limits at the point where an inference is made that the relationship between an agent and a disease is causal (general causation) and where the magnitude of excess risk attributed to the agent has been determined; that is, epidemiology addresses whether an agent can cause a disease, not whether an agent did cause a specific plaintiff's disease.\"\" In",
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"page_id": 10
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"chunk_id": "17997834",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nUnited States law, epidemiology alone cannot prove that a causal association does not exist in general. Conversely, it can be (and is in some circumstances) taken by US courts, in an individual case, to justify an inference that a causal association does exist, based upon a balance of probability. The subdiscipline of forensic epidemiology is directed at the investigation of specific causation of disease or injury in individuals or groups of individuals in instances in which causation is disputed or is unclear, for presentation in legal settings. Epidemiological practice and the results of epidemiological analysis make a significant contribution to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
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"chunk_id": "17997831",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nway to generate or expand theory, to test hypotheses, and to make educated, informed assertions about which relationships are causal, and about exactly how they are causal. Epidemiologists emphasize that the \"\"one cause – one effect\"\" understanding is a simplistic mis-belief. Most outcomes, whether disease or death, are caused by a chain or web consisting of many component causes. Causes can be distinguished as necessary, sufficient or probabilistic conditions. If a necessary condition can be identified and controlled (e.g., antibodies to a disease agent, energy in an injury), the harmful outcome can be avoided (Robertson, 2015). In 1965, Austin Bradford",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
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"chunk_id": "12434680",
"chunk_text": "\"Economic epidemiology\"\nEconomic epidemiology Economic epidemiology is a field at the intersection of epidemiology and economics. Its premise is to incorporate incentives for healthy behavior and their attendant behavioral responses into an epidemiological context to better understand how diseases are transmitted. This framework should help improve policy responses to epidemic diseases by giving policymakers and health-care providers clear tools for thinking about how certain actions can influence the spread of disease transmission. The main context through which this field emerged was the idea of prevalence-dependence, or disinhibition, which suggests that individuals change their behavior as the prevalence of a disease changes. However,",
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_id": "17997815",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nepidemiology that individuals with the same disease name have similar etiologies and disease processes. To resolve these issues and advance population health science in the era of molecular precision medicine, \"\"molecular pathology\"\" and \"\"epidemiology\"\" was integrated to create a new interdisciplinary field of \"\"molecular pathological epidemiology\"\" (MPE), defined as \"\"epidemiology of molecular pathology and heterogeneity of disease\"\". In MPE, investigators analyze the relationships between; (A) environmental, dietary, lifestyle and genetic factors; (B) alterations in cellular or extracellular molecules; and (C) evolution and progression of disease. A better understanding of heterogeneity of disease pathogenesis will further contribute to elucidate etiologies of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
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"chunk_id": "17997818",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\na tool. Observational studies have two components, descriptive and analytical. Descriptive observations pertain to the \"\"who, what, where and when of health-related state occurrence\"\". However, analytical observations deal more with the ‘how’ of a health-related event. Experimental epidemiology contains three case types: randomized controlled trials (often used for new medicine or drug testing), field trials (conducted on those at a high risk of contracting a disease), and community trials (research on social originating diseases). The term 'epidemiologic triad' is used to describe the intersection of \"\"Host\"\", \"\"Agent\"\", and \"\"Environment\"\" in analyzing an outbreak. Case-series may refer to the qualitative study",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "11676462",
"chunk_text": "\"Social epidemiology\"\nepidemiology can therefore address any health outcome, including chronic disease, infectious disease, mental health, and clinical outcomes or disease prognosis. Exposures of interest to social epidemiologists include individual-level measures (e.g., poverty, education, social isolation), contextual factors (e.g., residential segregation or income inequality), and social policies (e.g., policies creating income security or promoting educational access). Analyses that address the independent or synergistic effects of individual or contextual risk factors are often of interest. Understanding the origins of health disparities and identifying strategies to eliminate health disparities is a major focus of social epidemiology. Major research challenges in social epidemiology include tools",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
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"chunk_id": "5854672",
"chunk_text": "\"Experimental epidemiology\"\nExperimental epidemiology Experimental epidemiology is a type of epidemiological investigation that uses an experimental model to confirm a causal relationship suggested by observational studies. It studies the relationships of various factors determining the frequency and distribution of diseases in a community. There are three case types in experimental epidemiology: randomized controlled trial, typically used for new medicine or drug testing; field trial, which is conducted on those at high risk of contracting a disease; and community trial, in which research is conducted on an entire community or neighborhood. Randomized controlled trial determines the efficacy of a particular treatment, while other",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
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"chunk_id": "10262201",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nDoctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), or for clinically trained physicians, Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS or MBChB) and Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO), include some training in epidemiologic research or related topics, but this training is generally substantially less than offered in training programs focused on epidemiology or public health. Reflecting the strong historical tie between epidemiology and medicine, formal training programs may be set in either schools of public health and medical schools. As public health/health protection practitioners, epidemiologists work in a number of different settings. Some epidemiologists",
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"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Incidence (epidemiology)\"\nimportance of this equation is in the relation between prevalence and incidence; for example, when the incidence increases, then the prevalence must also increase. Note that this relation does not hold for age-specific prevalence and incidence, where the relation becomes more complicated. Incidence (epidemiology) Incidence in epidemiology is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time. Although sometimes loosely expressed simply as the number of new cases during some time period, it is better expressed as a proportion or a rate with a denominator. Incidence proportion (also",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_id": "20143733",
"chunk_text": "\"Inequality in disease\"\nInequality in disease Social epidemiology focuses on the patterns in morbidity and mortality rates that emerge as a result of social characteristics. While an individual's lifestyle choices or family history may place him or her at an increased risk for developing certain illnesses, there are social inequalities in health that cannot be explained by individual factors. Variations in health outcomes in the United States are attributed to several social characteristics, such as gender, race, socioeconomic status, the environment, and educational attainment. Inequalities in any or all of these social categories can contribute to health disparities, with some groups placed at",
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "9971033",
"chunk_text": "Virus\nthose not immune), the quality of healthcare and the weather. Epidemiology is used to break the chain of infection in populations during outbreaks of viral diseases. Control measures are used that are based on knowledge of how the virus is transmitted. It is important to find the source, or sources, of the outbreak and to identify the virus. Once the virus has been identified, the chain of transmission can sometimes be broken by vaccines. When vaccines are not available, sanitation and disinfection can be effective. Often, infected people are isolated from the rest of the community, and those that have",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
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"chunk_id": "17997825",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nfactor in the causation of the disease. Case-control studies are usually faster and more cost effective than cohort studies, but are sensitive to bias (such as recall bias and selection bias). The main challenge is to identify the appropriate control group; the distribution of exposure among the control group should be representative of the distribution in the population that gave rise to the cases. This can be achieved by drawing a random sample from the original population at risk. This has as a consequence that the control group can contain people with the disease under study when the disease has",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_id": "12434691",
"chunk_text": "\"Economic epidemiology\"\nnon-vaccinated individuals. Thus, it is impossible to eradicate a vaccine-preventable disease through voluntary vaccination if people act in their own self-interest. Economic epidemiology Economic epidemiology is a field at the intersection of epidemiology and economics. Its premise is to incorporate incentives for healthy behavior and their attendant behavioral responses into an epidemiological context to better understand how diseases are transmitted. This framework should help improve policy responses to epidemic diseases by giving policymakers and health-care providers clear tools for thinking about how certain actions can influence the spread of disease transmission. The main context through which this field emerged was",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
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"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nunexposed cases (C) and unexposed controls (D). The statistic generated to measure association is the odds ratio (OR), which is the ratio of the odds of exposure in the cases (A/C) to the odds of exposure in the controls (B/D), i.e. OR = (AD/BC). If the OR is significantly greater than 1, then the conclusion is \"\"those with the disease are more likely to have been exposed,\"\" whereas if it is close to 1 then the exposure and disease are not likely associated. If the OR is far less than one, then this suggests that the exposure is a protective",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
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"chunk_text": "\"Risk factor\"\nin a 1961 article in \"\"Annals of Internal Medicine\"\". Risk factor In epidemiology, a risk factor is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection. When evidence is found the term determinant is used as a variable associated with either increased or decreased risk. Risk factors or determinants are correlational and not necessarily causal, because correlation does not prove causation. For example, being young cannot be said to cause measles, but young people have a higher rate of measles because they are less likely to have developed immunity during a previous epidemic. Statistical methods are frequently used",
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"page_id": 25
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"chunk_id": "17997819",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nof the experience of a single patient, or small group of patients with a similar diagnosis, or to a statistical factor with the potential to produce illness with periods when they are unexposed. The former type of study is purely descriptive and cannot be used to make inferences about the general population of patients with that disease. These types of studies, in which an astute clinician identifies an unusual feature of a disease or a patient's history, may lead to a formulation of a new hypothesis. Using the data from the series, analytic studies could be done to investigate possible",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"chunk_id": "13650741",
"chunk_text": "\"Risk factor\"\nRisk factor In epidemiology, a risk factor is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection. When evidence is found the term determinant is used as a variable associated with either increased or decreased risk. Risk factors or determinants are correlational and not necessarily causal, because correlation does not prove causation. For example, being young cannot be said to cause measles, but young people have a higher rate of measles because they are less likely to have developed immunity during a previous epidemic. Statistical methods are frequently used to assess the strength of an association and to",
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"page_id": 27
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"chunk_id": "579887",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\na population. Applied field epidemiology can include investigating communicable and non-communicable disease outbreaks, mortality and morbidity rates, and nutritional status, among other indicators of health, with the purpose of communicating the results to those who can implement appropriate policies or disease control measures. As the surveillance and reporting of diseases and other health factors becomes increasingly difficult in humanitarian crisis situations, the methodologies used to report the data are compromised. One study found that less than half (42.4%) of nutrition surveys sampled from humanitarian contexts correctly calculated the prevalence of malnutrition and only one-third (35.3%) of the surveys met the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
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"chunk_text": "\"Computational epidemiology\"\nComputational epidemiology Computational epidemiology is a multidisciplinary field that uses techniques from computer science, mathematics, geographic information science and public health to better understand issues central to epidemiology such as the spread of diseases or the effectiveness of a public health intervention. In contrast with traditional epidemiology, computational epidemiology looks for patterns in unstructured sources of data, such as social media. It can be thought of as the hypothesis-generating antecedent to hypothesis-testing methods such as national surveys and randomized controlled trials. A mathematical model is developed which describes the observed behavior of the viruses, based on the available data. Then",
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"chunk_id": "579868",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nthe work of Louis Pasteur. In the early 20th century, mathematical methods were introduced into epidemiology by Ronald Ross, Janet Lane-Claypon, Anderson Gray McKendrick, and others. Another breakthrough was the 1954 publication of the results of a British Doctors Study, led by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill, which lent very strong statistical support to the link between tobacco smoking and lung cancer. In the late 20th century, with advancement of biomedical sciences, a number of molecular markers in blood, other biospecimens and environment were identified as predictors of development or risk of a certain disease. Epidemiology research to examine",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_text": "\"Social research\"\nwords, theories describe logical relationships between variables. Variables are logical sets of attributes, with people being the \"\"carriers\"\" of those variables (for example, gender can be a variable with two attributes: male and female). Variables are also divided into independent variables (data) that influences the dependent variables (which scientists are trying to explain). For example, in a study of how different dosages of a drug are related to the severity of symptoms of a disease, a measure of the severity of the symptoms of the disease is a dependent variable and the administration of the drug in specified doses is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Health effect\"\nHealth effect Health effects (or health impacts) are changes in health resulting from exposure to a source. Health effects are an important consideration in many areas, such as hygiene, pollution studies, occupational safety and health, nutrition and health sciences in general. Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, noise pollution and over-illumination. A non-stochastic or deterministic health effect has a severity that is dependent on dose and is believed to have a threshold level for which no effect is seen. Stochastic health effects occur by chance, generally occurring without a threshold",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_text": "\"Experimental epidemiology\"\ntrials may be preventive intervention. Experimental epidemiology employs prospective population experiments designed to test epidemiological hypotheses, and usually attempts to relate the postulated cause to the observed effect. Trials of new anthelmintics are an example. Intervention or experimentation involves attempting to change a variable in one or more groups of people. This could mean eliminating a dietary factor thought to cause allergy, or testing a new treatment on a selected group of patients. The effects of an intervention are measured by comparing the result in the experimental group with that in a control group. Experimental epidemiology Experimental epidemiology is a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
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"chunk_id": "8257619",
"chunk_text": "\"Environmental epidemiology\"\nto a health condition), including chemicals, physical agents, and microbiological pathogens, and those that are distal (e.g., indirectly leading to a health condition), such as socioeconomic conditions, climate change, and other broad-scale environmental changes. Proximate exposures occur through air, food, water, and skin contact. Distal exposures cause adverse health conditions directly by altering proximate exposures, and indirectly through changes in ecosystems and other support systems for human health. Environmental epidemiology research can inform government policy change, risk management activities, and development of environmental standards. Vulnerability is the summation of all risk and protective factors that ultimately determine whether an individual",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_id": "5375285",
"chunk_text": "Pharmacoepidemiology\nepidemiological methods through pharmacological treatment of conditions to better understand the conditions to be treated. Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases and other health states in populations. Epidemiological studies can be divided into two main types: Pharmacoepidemiology benefits from the methodology developed in general epidemiology and may further develop them for applications of methodology unique to needs of pharmacoepidemiology. There are also some areas that are altogether unique to pharmacoepidemiology, e.g., pharmacovigilance. Pharmacovigilance is a type of continual monitoring of unwanted effects and other safety-related aspects of drugs that are already placed in current growing",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
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"chunk_text": "\"Causal inference\"\nCausal inference Causal inference is the process of drawing a conclusion about a causal connection based on the conditions of the occurrence of an effect. The main difference between causal inference and inference of association is that the former analyzes the response of the effect variable when the cause is changed. The science of why things occur is called etiology. Causal inference is an example of causal reasoning. Inferring the cause of something has been described as: Epidemiological studies employ different epidemiological methods of collecting and measuring evidence of risk factors and effect and different ways of measuring association between",
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"chunk_text": "Health\noverall health of a community based on population health analysis. The population in question can be as small as a handful of people or as large as all the inhabitants of several continents (for instance, in the case of a pandemic). Public health has many sub-fields, but typically includes the interdisciplinary categories of epidemiology, biostatistics and health services. Environmental health, community health, behavioral health, and occupational health are also important areas of public health. The focus of public health interventions is to prevent and manage diseases, injuries and other health conditions through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
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"chunk_text": "\"Statistical epidemiology\"\nStatistical epidemiology Statistical epidemiology is an emerging branch of the disciplines of epidemiology and biostatistics that aims to: The science of epidemiology has had enormous growth, particularly with charity and government funding. Many researchers have been trained to conduct studies, requiring multiple skills ranging from liaising with clinical staff to the statistical analysis of complex data, such as using Bayesian methods. The role of a Statistical Epidemiologist is to bring the most appropriate methods available to bear on observational study from medical research, requiring a broad appreciation of the underpinning methods and their context of applicability and interpretation. The earliest",
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"chunk_text": "\"Economic epidemiology\"\neconomic epidemiology also encompasses other ideas, including the role of externalities, global disease commons and how individuals’ incentives can influence the outcome and cost of health interventions. Strategic epidemiology is a branch of economic epidemiology that adopts an explicitly game theoretic approach to analyzing the interplay between individual behavior and population wide disease dynamics. The spread of an infectious disease is a population-level phenomenon, but decisions to prevent or treat a disease are typically made by individuals who may change their behavior over the course of an epidemic, especially if their perception of risk changes depending on the available information",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
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"chunk_text": "\"Social epidemiology\"\nmore policy-applied in that it identifies effective and cost-effecfive social interventions for government action to improve health equity.<ref name=\"\"doi10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.007\"\"></ref> Social epidemiology While epidemiology is \"\"the study of the distribution and determinants of states of health in populations\"\", social epidemiology is \"\"that branch of epidemiology concerned with the way that social structures, institutions, and relationships influence health.\"\" This research includes \"\"both specific features of, and pathways by which, societal conditions affect health\"\". Although health research is often organized by disease categories or organ systems, theoretical development in social epidemiology is typically organized around factors that influence health (i.e., health determinants rather",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
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"chunk_text": "\"Genetic epidemiology\"\nGenetic epidemiology Genetic epidemiology is the study of the role of genetic factors in determining health and disease in families and in populations, and the interplay of such genetic factors with environmental factors. Genetic epidemiology seeks to derive a statistical and quantitative analysis of how genetics work in large groups. The use of the term \"\"Genetic epidemiology\"\" emerged in the mid 1980s as a new scientific field. In formal language, genetic epidemiology was defined by Newton Morton, one of the pioneers of the field, as \"\"a science which deals with the etiology, distribution, and control of disease in groups of",
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"page_id": 41
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5482790",
"chunk_text": "\"Epidemiology of representations\"\nEpidemiology of representations Epidemiology of representations, or cultural epidemiology, provides a conceptual framework for explaining cultural phenomena by how mental representations get distributed within a population. The theory appeals to an analogy with medical epidemiology; because \"\"...macro-phenomena such as endemic and epidemic diseases are unpacked in terms of patterns of micro-phenomena of individual pathology and inter-individual transmission\"\". Representations get transferred via so called cognitive causal chains (cf. Table 1). The stability of public productions and mental representations (constituting a cultural phenomenon) is explained via ecological and psychological factors. The latter include properties of the human mind and cultural epidemiologists have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11676463",
"chunk_text": "\"Social epidemiology\"\nto strengthen causal inference, methods to test theoretical frameworks such as Fundamental Cause Theory, translation of evidence to systems and policy changes that will improve population health, and mostly obscure causal mechanisms between exposures and outcomes. To address obscurity of causal mechanisms in social epidemiology, it has been proposed to integrate molecular pathological epidemiology into social epidemiology. For example, questions of interest to epidemiologists include: Social epidemiology draws on methodologies and theoretical frameworks from many disciplines, and research overlaps with several social science fields, most notably economics, medical anthropology, medical sociology, health psychology and medical geography, as well as many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10262199",
"chunk_text": "Epidemiology\nin relative risk). Since the counterfactual risk \"\"R\"\" is unobservable we approximate it using a second population B and we actually measure the following relations: \"\"R\"\" − \"\"R\"\" or \"\"R\"\"/\"\"R\"\". In this situation, confounding occurs when \"\"R\"\" ≠ \"\"R\"\". (NB: Example assumes binary outcome and exposure variables.) Some epidemiologists prefer to think of confounding separately from common categorizations of bias since, unlike selection and information bias, confounding stems from real causal effects. To date, few universities offer epidemiology as a course of study at the undergraduate level. One notable undergraduate program exists at Johns Hopkins University, where students who major",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4797251",
"chunk_text": "\"Health effect\"\nlevel of dose, whose probability is proportional to the dose and whose severity is independent of the dose, such as cancer and genetic effects. Occasionally, lack of exposure to certain effectors has detrimental consequences on an individual's health. Examples of such effectors include sunlight and exercise. Health effect Health effects (or health impacts) are changes in health resulting from exposure to a source. Health effects are an important consideration in many areas, such as hygiene, pollution studies, occupational safety and health, nutrition and health sciences in general. Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are air pollution, water",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5702064",
"chunk_text": "\"Social epidemiology\"\ndomains of epidemiology. However, intersecting social science fields often use health and disease in order to explain specifically social phenomenon (such as the growth of lay health advocacy movements), while social epidemiologists generally use social concepts in order to explain patterns of health in the population. More recently, the discipline is moving from identifying health inequalities along the social gradient to identifying the policies, programmes and interventions that effectively tackle the observed socioeconomic inequalities in health. Researchers Frank Pega and Ichiro Kawachi from Harvard University have suggested that this may lead to the new discipline of Political Epidemiology, which is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6409604",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupational epidemiology\"\nOccupational epidemiology Occupational epidemiology is a subdiscipline of epidemiology that focuses on investigations of workers and the workplace. Occupational epidemiologic studies examine health outcomes among workers, and their potential association with conditions in the workplace including noise, chemicals, heat, or radiation, or work organization such as schedules. The need for evidence to inform occupational safety regulations, workers' compensation programs, and safety legislation motivated the development of public health policy, occupational epidemiology methods, and surveillance mechanisms. Occupational epidemiological research can inform risk assessments; development of standards and other risk management activities; and estimates of the co-benefits and co-harms of policies designed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1656910",
"chunk_text": "Prevalence\nPrevalence Prevalence in epidemiology is the proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seat-belt use). It is derived by comparing the number of people found to have the condition with the total number of people studied, and is usually expressed as a fraction, as a percentage, or as the number of cases per 10,000 or 100,000 people. Point prevalence is the proportion of a population that has the condition at a specific point in time. Period prevalence is the proportion of a population",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10121168",
"chunk_text": "\"Risk factor\"\nprovide causal evidence (for example in the study of the link between smoking and lung cancer). Statistical analysis along with the biological sciences can establish that risk factors are causal. Some prefer the term risk factor to mean causal determinants of increased rates of disease, and for unproven links to be called possible risks, associations, etc. When done thoughtfully and based on research, identification of risk factors can be a strategy for medical screening. Mainly taken from risk factors for breast cancer, risk factors can be described in terms of, for example: The following example of a risk factor is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_656
|
when was night at the museum 3 filmed?
|
n/a
|
[
"British Columbia, Canada",
"January to May 2014",
"2014",
"London, England",
"from January to May 2014"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6201501",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nsomeone's not even already working on a script for that,\"\" he added with a raised eyebrow. \"\"I cannot confirm that for a fact, but I cannot deny it for a fact either... It might be in the works.\"\" In an interview, Stiller confirmed the sequel, however, he said that it was only in the \"\"ideas stage\"\". It was announced in February 2013 that the film, directed by Shawn Levy, would be released on December 25, 2014. On September 10, 2013, it was announced that shooting would start in February 2014. On November 8, 2013, English actor Dan Stevens was cast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "81879",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nthe role of Nicky Daley. On December 18, 2013, it was announced that Stiller, Robin Williams, and Ricky Gervais would be returning for the sequel. On January 9, 2014, it was announced that Rebel Wilson would play a security guard in the British Museum. On January 14, 2014, the film's release date was moved up from December 25, 2014, to December 19, 2014. On January 23, 2014, it was announced Ben Kingsley would play an Egyptian Pharaoh at the British Museum. Principal photography and production began on January 27, 2014. On May 6, 2014, it was announced that the film",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "11490263",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nas director. The film was mostly filmed in Vancouver and Montreal with some scenes filmed in the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C.. A scene was shot at the Lincoln Memorial on the night of May 21, 2008. Scenes were also shot at the American Museum of Natural History in New York on August 18 and 20, 2008. The trailer was released with \"\"Bedtime Stories\"\", \"\"Yes Man\"\" and \"\"Marley & Me\"\" in December 2008. The trailer accompanied the film \"\"Bride Wars\"\" in January, \"\"The Pink Panther 2\"\" in February, and \"\"Dragonball Evolution\"\" in April 2009. The film was also promoted as an",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "15896083",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nMuseum\"\" film to feature Jake Cherry as Nick Daley, as Cherry aged out of the role. The film was released theatrically on May 22, 2009 by 20th Century Fox, being the only film in the trilogy not to be released theatrically in December. Like its predecessor, it received mixed critical reception and a box office success by grossing over $413 million on a $150 million budget. Two years after the events of the first film, Larry Daley, former night guard at the American Museum of Natural History, now runs his own direct response television company that sells inventions based on",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8328088",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nwould be titled \"\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\". In May 2014, principal photography ended. Shooting took place outside the British Museum in London, England, as well as on a sound stage at the Vancouver Film Studios in Vancouver, British Columbia for scenes taking place inside the museum. Alan Silvestri returned to score the final installment of the trilogy. Varèse Sarabande released a soundtrack album of the score on January 6, 2015. The film premiered at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 11, 2014. It was then released on December 19, 2014 in the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14852317",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum\"\nNight at the Museum Night at the Museum is a 2006 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon, based on the 1993 children's book of the same name by Croatian illustrator Milan Trenc. The film stars Ben Stiller as Larry Daley, a divorced father who applies for a job as a night watchman at New York City's American Museum of Natural History and subsequently discovers that the exhibits, animated by a magical Egyptian artifact, come to life at night. It was released on December 22, 2006 by 20th Century Fox. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6201502",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nas Sir Lancelot. On November 15, 2013, it was announced Skyler Gisondo would be replacing Jake Cherry for the role of Nicky Daley. On December 18, 2013 it was announced that Robin Williams, Stiller, and Ricky Gervais would be returning for the sequel. On January 9, 2014, it was announced that Rebel Wilson would play a security guard in the British Museum. On January 14, 2014, the film's release date was moved up from December 25, 2014, to December 19, 2014. On January 23, 2014, it was announced Ben Kingsley would play an Egyptian Pharaoh at the British Museum. Principal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14852332",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum\"\ntrilogy, \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" was followed by a sequel titled \"\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian,\"\" which was released on May 22, 2009 in North America. The third and final installment, \"\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\", was released on December 19, 2014 in North America. In 2016, The Hollywood Reporter stated that the Alibaba Pictures Group intended to remake the film. Night at the Museum Night at the Museum is a 2006 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon, based on the 1993 children's book",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18621037",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum (film series)\"\nNight at the Museum (film series) Night at the Museum is a trilogy of fantasy-comedy films beginning in 2006 and ending in 2014. All three films, based on the children's book \"\"The Night at the Museum\"\" by Milan Trenc, are directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon. Starring Ben Stiller as a museum night security guard named Larry, the films also star an ensemble cast featuring Owen Wilson, Robin Williams, Ricky Gervais, Steve Coogan, Patrick Gallagher, Rami Malek, Mizuo Peck, Mickey Rooney, Bill Cobbs and Dick Van Dyke. When Larry Daley (Ben Stiller), a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "81878",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nbut I cannot deny it for a fact either... It might be in the works.\"\" In an October 2011 interview with \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\", Stiller confirmed the sequel, however, he said that it was only in the \"\"ideas stage\"\". In February 2013 it was announced that the film, directed by Shawn Levy, would be released on December 25, 2014. On September 10, 2013, it was announced that shooting would start in February 2014. On November 8, 2013, actor Dan Stevens was cast as Lancelot. On November 15, 2013, it was announced that Skyler Gisondo would be replacing Jake Cherry in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8328068",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nNight at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb is a 2014 American comedy adventure fantasy film directed by Shawn Levy and written by David Guion and Michael Handelman. It is the third and final installment in the \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" trilogy. The film features an ensemble cast including Ben Stiller, Robin Williams, Owen Wilson, Steve Coogan, Ricky Gervais, Rachael Harris, Dan Stevens, Rebel Wilson, Skyler Gisondo, Rami Malek, Patrick Gallagher, Mizuo Peck, Ben Kingsley, Dick Van Dyke, and Crystal the Monkey. In \"\"Secret of the Tomb\"\", security guard Larry Daley must",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15490958",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\ntravel to London to return the tablet of Ahkmenrah, an Egyptian artifact which causes the exhibits to come to life, before the magic disappears. Principal photography of \"\"Secret of the Tomb\"\" took place from January to May 2014 in London, England and British Columbia, Canada. The film premiered on December 11, 2014, at New York City's Ziegfeld Theater and was released in the United States on December 19, 2014. \"\"Secret of the Tomb\"\" grossed over $363 million at the box office. This film was dedicated to the memory of Robin Williams, who died four months before the film's release, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15896082",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nNight at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian is a 2009 American adventure fantasy comedy film written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon, produced by Chris Columbus, Michael Barnathan and Shawn Levy and directed by Levy. The film stars Ben Stiller, Amy Adams, Owen Wilson, Steve Coogan, Hank Azaria, Bill Hader, Christopher Guest, Alain Chabat, Jon Bernthal, and Robin Williams. It is the second installment in the \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" trilogy, and a sequel to the 2006 film \"\"Night at the Museum\"\". It is also the last \"\"Night at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6201503",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nphotography and production began on January 27, 2014. In May 2014, principal photography ended. Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian is a 2009 American adventure fantasy comedy film written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon, produced by Chris Columbus, Michael Barnathan and Shawn Levy and directed by Levy. The film stars Ben Stiller, Amy Adams, Owen Wilson, Steve Coogan, Hank Azaria, Bill Hader, Christopher Guest, Alain Chabat, Jon Bernthal, and Robin Williams. It is the second installment in the \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" trilogy, and a sequel to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14852324",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum\"\nThe building featured in the film, which was constructed on a sound stage in Burnaby, British Columbia, is based on the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, external shots of which were used in the movie. Trainers spent several weeks training Crystal, who plays the troublemaking monkey Dexter, to slap and bite Stiller in the film. Robin Williams' Theodore Roosevelt costume closely resembles that of John Wayne's character in \"\"The Shootist\"\". Director Shawn Levy credited Ben Stiller for the ensemble cast: \"\"When actors hear that Ben Stiller is in a movie they want to work with him.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18621040",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum (film series)\"\nannounced that a television series based on \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" is currently being developed. With the upcoming acquisition by Disney, it is increasingly likely that it will appear on one of their platforms. Night at the Museum (film series) Night at the Museum is a trilogy of fantasy-comedy films beginning in 2006 and ending in 2014. All three films, based on the children's book \"\"The Night at the Museum\"\" by Milan Trenc, are directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon. Starring Ben Stiller as a museum night security guard named Larry, the films",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8328100",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nStewart of the \"\"New York Post\"\" gave the film two out of four stars, saying \"\"For piquing kids' interest in history and nature, you could do worse than this goofy Ben Stiller franchise. But its third installment is more meh than manic, too reliant on wide shots of the ragtag Museum of Natural History cohorts striding down corridors. You get the feeling returning director Shawn Levy is ready to hang it up.\"\" Richard Roeper of the \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\" gave the film one and a half stars out of five, saying \"\"The dialogue is schmaltzy and often painfully unfunny. The special",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15347887",
"chunk_text": "\"Night of the Demons 3\"\nNight of the Demons 3 Night of the Demons 3 (released as Demon House in the UK) is the third film in the \"\"Night of the Demons\"\" series before the 2009 reboot. It was released in 1997 by Paramount Pictures and Republic Pictures in R-Rated and Unrated versions. It stars Amelia Kinkade, Vlasta Vrána, Gregory Calpakis, Tara Slone, Christian Tessier, Joel Gordon, Larry Day, Kristen Holden-Reid, Stephanie Bauder, and Patricia Rodriguez. Several years have passed after the massacre for the St. Rita's Academy and on Halloween night, Officer Larry (Larry Day) is on night watch at Hull House, where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11490262",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nhours. Writers Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon confirmed to Dark Horizons that they were writing a sequel to \"\"Night at the Museum,\"\" originally with the tentative title \"\"Another Night at the Museum\"\". The writers said that \"\"there'll be existing characters and plenty of new ones.\"\" 20th Century Fox announced that the sequel, \"\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\", would be released during Memorial Day weekend in 2009. Ben Stiller, Owen Wilson, Steve Coogan, Ricky Gervais, Patrick Gallagher, Jake Cherry, Rami Malek, Mizuo Peck, Brad Garrett and Robin Williams would return for the sequel, with Shawn Levy returning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14852318",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum\"\nfirst installment in the \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" trilogy, the film was a box office success despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, grossing over $574 million. Larry Daley is a divorced man from Brooklyn, hoping to find a good job to impress his ten-year-old son Nick, but his ex-wife Erica believes he is a bad example for their son. Larry is hired at the American Museum of Natural History to replace the retiring security guards Cecil Fredericks, Gus, and Reginald. Larry meets the museum's neurotic curator Dr. McPhee, and very attractive museum docent Rebecca Hutman, who plans to write a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15066118",
"chunk_text": "\"The Night Shift (season 3)\"\nwriter's room for season 3 of \"\"The Night Shift\"\" was on November 17, 2015. Sachs said that shooting for the third season would commence in February, and later Jill Flint announced that filming would start on February 1, 2016. The sets began going up on December 15, 2015. Actors Robert Bailey Jr., Brendan Fehr, and Jill Flint arrived in Albuquerque, NM to begin filming on January 24, 2016. The first production meeting took place on January 27, 2016, and location scouting took place the day before. Production on the third season began on February 1, 2016 in Albuquerque, NM. For",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11490266",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\na worldwide total of $413 million against a budget of $150 million. On Friday, May 22, 2009, its opening day, the film's estimated gross was $16 million, for second day the film grossed $20 million and for third day the gross was $19 million, coming in ahead of \"\"Terminator Salvation\"\" (which released on Thursday) in 4,096 theaters at No. 1, reaching up to $54.1 million, with a $13,226 per-theater average over the Memorial Day weekend. By comparison, \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" reached up to $30 million on its opening weekend in December 2006. For its second weekend, the film grossed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15490964",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nMcPhee his job back, now works as a teacher, and a traveling British Museum exhibit comes to New York. Tilly becomes the new night guard, and gives the tablet to Dr. McPhee, showing him its power and allowing the exhibits to awaken again to celebrate Ahkmenrah's reunion. Outside, Larry watches them party inside. On January 21, 2010, co-writer Thomas Lennon said to \"\"Access Hollywood\"\", \"\"I think it's a really outstanding idea to do \"\"Night at the Museum 3\"\", in fact. I wonder if someone's not even already working on a script for that. I cannot confirm that for a fact,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15490959",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nfellow \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" actor Mickey Rooney, who died before principal photography was finished. In 1938 Egypt, a team of archaeologists discover the tomb of pharaoh Ahkmenrah, including a young Cecil Fredericks, finding the magical Tablet of Ahkmenrah. The locals warn the group that removing the tablet will end its magic. In present-day New York City, Larry Daley remains the night guard of the American Museum of Natural History. He, Theodore Roosevelt, Sacagawea, Attila the Hun, Jedediah, Octavius, Rexy the \"\"Tyrannosaurus rex\"\" skeleton and Dexter the capuchin monkey help re-open the Hayden Planetarium. A new wax Neanderthal resembling Larry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11490265",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\nthe movie. Alan Silvestri returned to score the sequel. Varèse Sarabande issued the score on May 19, 2009. A trailer of \"\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\" was released on December 19, 2008. The film premiered on May 14, 2009 in Washington, D.C.. The film released in UK on May 20, 2009, on May 22, 2009 in United States, and in Japan on August 12, 2009. At the end of its box office run, \"\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\" earned a gross of $177 million in North America and $236 million in other territories, for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1112676",
"chunk_text": "\"Paranormal Activity 3\"\nParanormal Activity 3 Paranormal Activity 3 is a 2011 American found footage supernatural horror film, directed by Henry Joost and Ariel Schulman. It is the third (chronologically, the first) installment of the \"\"Paranormal Activity\"\" series and serves as a prequel, mostly set 18 years prior to the events of the first two films. It was released in theaters on October 21, 2011. \"\"Paranormal Activity 3\"\" was also Joost and Schulman's first horror film. The film broke financial records upon release, setting a new record for a midnight opening for a horror film ($8 million) and the best opening day for",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3742110",
"chunk_text": "\"Men in Black 3\"\nwas delayed until April. Sonnenfeld initially stated he would be shooting in 3D, but later decided to film in 2D and convert to 3D during post-production. Set photos for the film appeared online on November 17, 2010, showing Smith, Jones, Emma Thompson, and Nicole Scherzinger on set. Shooting was scheduled to resume from March through June 2011. Filming was done in April 2011 in the Morris Park section of The Bronx. Parts of Coney Island, in Brooklyn, had parking and filming permits posted for April 24 and May 2–4, 2011, production dates of what the permits titled \"\"MIB\"\". Shooting also",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18621039",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum (film series)\"\nand new ally Amelia Earheart to get it back from Ahkmenrah's resurrected evil brother Kahmunrah before morning. Five years after the previous film, Larry discovers that the tablet of Ahkmenrah's magic is failing. So he, his now-teenage son Nick, along with Teddy Roosevelt, Sacagewea, Jedidiah, Octavius, Dexter, Attila the Hun, and a new caveman figure named Laaa (who looks like Larry) travel to a fictional version of the British Museum to undo the curse with the help of Ahkmenrah's parents, and the narcissistic Sir Lancelot of Camelot before the tablet's magic disappears forever. CEO of 20th Century Fox Stacey Snider",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8328102",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\n\"\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\", the third and supposedly final edition in the franchise, is nothing more than an uncomfortably transparent contractual obligation.\"\" \"\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\" was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 10, 2015. The film debuted in second place on the home media charts behind \"\"\"\". Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb is a 2014 American comedy adventure fantasy film directed by Shawn Levy and written by David Guion and Michael Handelman. It is the third and final installment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18974036",
"chunk_text": "\"Rod Serling\"\n19 and 20, 2013. In 1969, NBC aired a television film pilot for a new series, \"\"Night Gallery\"\", written by Serling. Set in a dimly lit museum after hours, the pilot film featured Serling (as on-camera host) playing the curator, who introduced three tales of the macabre, unveiling canvases that would appear in the subsequent story segments. Its brief first season (consisting of only six episodes) was rotated with three other shows airing in the same time slot; this wheel show was titled \"\"Four in One\"\". The series generally focused more on horror and suspense than \"\"The Twilight Zone\"\" did.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11897234",
"chunk_text": "\"Iron Man 3\"\nbegan arriving in Florida on October 1, to shoot scenes on Dania Beach and around South Florida. That same day, Downey returned to the set after his ankle injury. In early October, scenes were shot at a replica of the Malibu restaurant Neptune's Net, and filming took place on location at the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens. Scenes were shot during the daytime inside the Miami Beach Resort at Miami Beach on October 10 and 11. The production returned to Wilmington in mid-October for additional filming. On November 1, scenes were shot at the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens. Filming in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2783762",
"chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nbeen planned. This more closely replicates the Florida setting of the original film. Principal photography began on February 15, 2017 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. On April 4, 2017, one of the cameramen of the production revealed on their social networks that filming had by then been completed. During an interview for the Edmond Sun, Justin Hall specifically revealed that the film would be released on September 4, 2017, but nothing was confirmed by Salva or the studio. On August 16, 2017, the AMC Theatres website stated that \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" would open on September 26, 2017. On August 29, 2017,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "81881",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\nStates. \"\"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb\"\" grossed $113.7 million in North America, and $249.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $363.2 million against a budget of $127 million. In North America, early analysts were predicting a potential $25–$28 million opening. In North America, the film was released on December 19, 2014 across 3,785 theaters. It opened Friday, December 19, 2014 and earned $5.6 million on its opening day, placing at number three at the box office. The film underperformed expectations during its opening weekend, earning $17.1 million, which was relatively lower than the openings",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7096077",
"chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nwhile upgrading to the Red Weapon 8K S35 camera. The second season concluded filming on June 2, 2017. Filming for the third season officially began on April 23, 2018. Parts of filming in May 2018 were done at a re-dressed Gwinnett Place Mall near Duluth, Georgia to appear as the fictional \"\"Starcourt Mall\"\" in Hawkins, including recreating several 80s-era storefronts such as The Gap, Waldenbooks, and RadioShack within it. The third season concluded filming on November 12, 2018. To create the aged effect for the series, a film grain was added over the footage, which was captured by scanning in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17371594",
"chunk_text": "\"Dead of Night (1977 film)\"\nDead of Night (1977 film) Dead of Night is a 1977 American made-for-television anthology horror film starring Ed Begley Jr., Anjanette Comer, Patrick Macnee, Horst Buchholz and Joan Hackett. Directed by Dan Curtis, the film consists of three stories written by Richard Matheson (although the first segment, \"\"Second Chance\"\", was adapted from a story by Jack Finney) much like the earlier \"\"Trilogy of Terror\"\". The film originally premiered on NBC on March 29, 1977. The first segment features Ed Begley Jr. as a man who restores a 1926 roadster and finds himself transported back in time. The second segment features",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6542395",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future Part III\"\nto 1885 to rescue Doc. \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\" was filmed in California and Arizona, and was produced on a $40 million budget back-to-back with \"\"Part II\"\". \"\"Part III\"\" was released in the United States on May 25, 1990, six months after the previous installment. \"\"Part III\"\" earned $244.5 million worldwide, making it the sixth-highest-grossing film of 1990. On November 12, 1955, moments after witnessing his apparent death via lightning bolt, Marty McFly (from 1985) learns that Dr. Emmett Brown (also from 1985) was transported to 1885 and is trapped. Marty and Doc's 1955 self use the information",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11490267",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\n$24.35 million, for third weekend $14.6 million. For the opening weekend of May 22, 2009 the film grossed $49 million while playing in theaters of 56 territories; the film debuted in UK ($6.6 million), Russia ($5.23 million) and France ($5.05 million). The largest market in other territories being UK, Japan, Germany, Australia and France where the film grossed $32.8 million, $21.49 million, $18.78 million, $14.03 million and $13.3 million. Like its predecessor, the sequel has received mixed reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 44% \"\"rotten\"\" approval rating, based on 163 reviews, with an average score of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6201500",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian\"\n2009. It was fairly well received in comparison to the majority of film-based video-games, netting a 7.5 out of 10 from IGN.com. Ben Stiller admitted that a sequel was \"\"a possibility\"\" and on January 22, 2010, co-writer Thomas Lennon said to \"\"Access Hollywood\"\", \"\"That after the success of two \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" films, it's no surprise that 20th Century Fox is looking to develop a third and that those suspicions are indeed true and how could you not? I think it's a really outstanding idea to do \"\"Night at the Museum 3\"\", in fact,\"\" he said. \"\"I wonder if",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15066119",
"chunk_text": "\"The Night Shift (season 3)\"\nthe third consecutive season, the show will be filmed at Albuquerque Studios, and filming is expected to take place from February to June 2016. The tax incentives offered were cited as the main reason for filming in New Mexico, rather than in San Antonio. The show will employ about 130 New Mexico-based crew members, and approximately 500 New Mexico background talent. The first scene of the season filmed on February 2, 2016. The show filmed in a casino for part of one episode. Creator Gabe Sachs has said that this season would be more San Antonio-centric than either of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20201909",
"chunk_text": "\"Scream 3\"\ntwist \"\"of the movie was when Sidney walked into the house after Ghostface had killed everyone ... and they all rose up. None of them were actually dead and they'd planned the whole thing.\"\" Williamson later adapted this story for his 2013 TV series \"\"The Following\"\". Principal photography for \"\"Scream 3\"\" began on July 6, 1999 in and around Hollywood, Los Angeles on a budget of $40 million and finished on September 29, 1999 after twelve weeks. Filming took place largely in the areas of San Fernando Valley, Macarthur Park, Beverly Hills, Hollywood Hills and Silverlake with the isolated home",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4077222",
"chunk_text": "\"Paranormal Activity 3\"\nthrows him to the other side of the room, injuring his leg. Lois stands before him, and Dennis's body is violently contorted, killing him. Lois then beckons to Kristi and Katie and tells them to get ready. Before they head upstairs, Kristi calls for Toby and growling sounds are heard upstairs. Principal photography began in June 6, 2011 and ended in August 5. At the time during production, the film was under the name \"\"Sports Camp\"\". The film was directed by Henry Joost and Ariel Schulman (who both directed the documentary \"\"Catfish\"\"). Jason Blum, Oren Peli and Steven Schneider produced,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7562888",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum\"\nIt was the highest-grossing film in its opening weekend, grossing $30.8 million plating in 3,686 theaters, with a $8,258 per-theater average. For the four-day Christmas holiday weekend, it took in $42.2 million. The movie was also released in IMAX large screen format, often on site at museums of science or natural history such as the Pacific Science Center in Seattle. In its second weekend, \"\"Night at the Museum\"\" expanded into 83 more theaters and took in approximately $36.7 million, out-grossing its opening weekend. It maintained the top position in its third week, with an additional $23.7 million. During its opening",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16332022",
"chunk_text": "\"Descendants 3\"\nas production designer and costume designer on the sequel, respectively. In addition to playing Dr. Facilier, Jamal Sims also serves as the film's choreographer, along with Ortega who has served as choreographer for all three \"\"Descendants\"\" films. Rehearsals and pre-recording on the film began on April 23, 2018 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Production began on May 25, 2018. On July 18, 2018, it was reported on social media that production on the film had \"\"officially wrapped\"\". It is reported to be the last film in the \"\"Descendants\"\" film series. Some promotional footage for the film was released on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4737844",
"chunk_text": "\"The Night at the Museum\"\nThe Night at the Museum The Night at the Museum, published in 1993, is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Croatian illustrator Milan Trenc. This book is Trenc's best known title, and in 2006 was produced as a feature film titled \"\"Night at the Museum\"\". In 2006, the movie was novelized by Leslie Goldman as a book for young adults. Trenc's original book, \"\"The Night at the Museum\"\", is a picture story book for children about Hector, a night watchman at the Museum of Natural History in New York City, New York. On his first night at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4783047",
"chunk_text": "\"Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (video game)\"\nNight at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (video game) Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian - The Video Game (known as Night at the Museum 2 in other countries) is an action-adventure video game developed by Amaze Entertainment and Pipeworks Software, and published by Majesco Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, Wii, Nintendo DS, and Xbox 360. The video game is based on the . It was released on May 5, 2009. Ben Stiller reprises his role in the film as the voice of Larry Daley. Gameplay will involve Larry exploring certain exhibits in the museum. Platforming involves Larry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9157640",
"chunk_text": "\"Home Alone 3\"\nrevived in the mid-1990s; early drafts called for Macaulay Culkin to return as a teenage Kevin McCallister, along with Daniel Stern and Joe Pesci reprising their roles as the two burglars. By 1994, however, Culkin had dropped out of acting. As a result, the idea was reworked as an entirely new film centering on a new cast of characters. It was filmed in Chicago and Evanston, Illinois, with the airport scenes in the beginning of the film being shot in two different concourses at O'Hare International Airport. The film grossed $79,082,515 worldwide. \"\"Home Alone 3\"\" holds an approval rating of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18325934",
"chunk_text": "\"3 from Hell\"\n3 from Hell 3 from Hell is an upcoming American horror film written and directed by Rob Zombie. It is a follow-up to his 2003 film \"\"House of 1000 Corpses\"\" and its 2005 sequel \"\"The Devil's Rejects\"\". The plot of the film is currently unknown, but it is confirmed that it will be centered around the three main antagonists of the previous films. It will star Sheri Moon Zombie, Sid Haig, and Bill Moseley. Filming began on March 13, 2018 and wrapped on April 10, 2018. The Sybil Brand Institute in Los Angeles, a decommissioned women's prison, served as one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6315100",
"chunk_text": "\"Poltergeist III\"\nduring parts of the filming. Principal photography for the movie lasted from April 13 to June 26 of that year, with June 10, 1988 as the film's scheduled release date. After O'Rourke completed filming, she returned home to California with her illness appearing to be in remission. However, in late January 1988, O'Rourke suddenly became ill again, her condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died on February 1, 1988 (barely a month after her 12th birthday) during \"\"Poltergeist III\"\"'s post-production period. After the completed film was rated PG by the MPAA in November 1987, Sherman and the studio decided to re-shoot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10744568",
"chunk_text": "\"Late Night (film)\"\nit alongside Emma Thompson. In November 2016, Paul Feig signed on to direct the film. However, in August 2017, Nisha Ganatra was announced to direct the film when Feig dropped out due to \"\"scheduling conflicts\"\". In February 2018, it was reported that, in a pre-2018 Berlin Film Festival movie, 30West and FilmNation Entertainment would cofinance the film and sell distribution rights. In April 2018, John Lithgow, Hugh Dancy, Reid Scott, Paul Walter Hauser, Denis O’Hare, John Early, Max Casella and Megalyn Echikunwoke joined the cast, with filming commencing April 23, 2018 in New York. Amy Ryan joined the cast in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12198337",
"chunk_text": "\"My Struggle III\"\nhe smells like smoke. In a flashback to when Skinner was in the car with the Smoking Man, the latter reveals in a further flashback that \"\"he\"\", not Mulder, artificially impregnated Scully. The final scene (out of focus) shows a teen, presumably William, having seizures. Filming for the season began in August 2017 in Vancouver, British Columbia, where the previous season was filmed, along with the show's original five seasons. The mythology from the previous event series of \"\"The X-Files\"\", had negative reviews, causing Chris Carter to focus less on the mythology and have more standalone stories. In various interviews",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_657
|
what mall did they use in back to the future?
|
n/a
|
[
"Puente Hills Mall"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "327701",
"chunk_text": "\"Puente Hills Mall\"\nto close in September 2018. Puente Hills Mall served as a filming location for the fictional Twin Pines Mall (later Lone Pine Mall) in the 1985 film \"\"Back to the Future\"\". In the film, Doc Brown (Christopher Lloyd) uses the mall's south parking lot (visible in the above photograph) to stage his time travel experiments with the DeLorean time machine. A JCPenney store and Robinson's features prominently in the background. A Ross Dress for Less store can be seen in a strip mall across the street. The scenes were filmed in January 1985. According to the DVD audio commentary, screenplay",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5749988",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future\"\ntown look real beautiful and wonderful. Then we would just totally trash it down and make it all bleak and ugly for the 1980s scenes.\"\" The interiors for Doc Brown's house were shot at the Robert R. Blacker House, while exteriors took place at Gamble House. The exterior shots of the Twin Pines Mall, and later the Lone Pine Mall (from 1985) were shot at the Puente Hills Mall in City of Industry, California. The exterior shots and some interior scenes at Hill Valley High School were filmed at Whittier High School in Whittier, California. The Battle of the Bands",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15344392",
"chunk_text": "\"City of Industry, California\"\nof the Puente Hills Mall, a major shopping center that was the \"\"Twin/Lone Pine(s) Mall\"\" in the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" movie series. Adjacent to the mall's property is a SpeedZone entertainment center, which was featured in a prominent scene of Kevin Smith's \"\"Clerks II\"\". A former IKEA store located north of the Puente Hills Mall and across the State Route 60 freeway was used as a shooting location for the final fight scene in \"\"Mr. & Mrs Smith\"\". Its exterior was renovated so it could be used for both exterior and interior filming; it was later demolished. The IKEA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9984742",
"chunk_text": "\"Puente Hills Mall\"\nPuente Hills Mall Puente Hills Mall, located in the City of Industry, California, United States, is a major regional shopping center in the San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County. It is most famous for serving as the filming site for the Twin Pines/Lone Pine Mall for the 1985 movie \"\"Back to the Future\"\" starring Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd. Puente Hills Mall was built in 1974 after the completion of the Pomona Freeway a few years earlier. It opened with four primary anchors in a cross-shaped design by The Hahn Company. One of the mall's original tenants",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10659186",
"chunk_text": "\"Courthouse Square\"\nCourthouse Square Courthouse Square is a backlot located at Universal Studios. The set is composed of several facades that form an archetypal American town square with a courthouse as its centerpiece. The set is most famous for being featured as downtown Hill Valley in the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" trilogy, and as Kingston Falls in the \"\"Gremlins\"\" series. Prior to the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" series, the area was known as Mockingbird Square due to its role in the film \"\"To Kill a Mockingbird\"\". It has been severely damaged by fire several times, including in 1957, 1990 and 2008. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9899319",
"chunk_text": "\"Courthouse Square\"\nGirls\"\" was actually filmed at the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank, California. Courthouse Square Courthouse Square is a backlot located at Universal Studios. The set is composed of several facades that form an archetypal American town square with a courthouse as its centerpiece. The set is most famous for being featured as downtown Hill Valley in the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" trilogy, and as Kingston Falls in the \"\"Gremlins\"\" series. Prior to the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" series, the area was known as Mockingbird Square due to its role in the film \"\"To Kill a Mockingbird\"\". It has been severely",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1009528",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nthe shopping center located outside Hill Valley, where Doctor Emmett Brown first tests his time machine, making his dog Einstein the first time traveler in the world. (The site where the mall was filmed for the movie is actually Puente Hills Mall, located in City of Industry, California. The J.C. Penney location seen in the movie has been shut down, and is now occupied by a 24 Hour Fitness center.) When Marty McFly returns from 1955 to 1985, the mall can be seen to have changed its name to Lone Pine Mall, as upon arriving in 1955 and crashing into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582633",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nmotion-based vehicles modeled after the DeLorean DMC-12 featured in the films, and watch a film projected onto a large, dome-shaped IMAX screen. During the development of the ride, the designers traveled with foam models of the DeLorean to the Expo Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, where an OMNIMAX theatre was the setting for trial runs of the ride's film. Intamin was eventually contracted to develop the ride system for the attraction. The ride was first publicly announced in February 1989 as one of the many ones being added as part of the new Universal Studios Florida theme park, scheduled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582635",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nhad completely different layouts. In Florida the two arenas were back to back. Designers found that this led to some operational problems so the California building was designed so that the arenas were on opposite ends of the building with the queue and pre-show in between them. The California building was also built upon huge rollers as opposed to being anchored into the ground as a precaution for earthquakes. In 2015, \"\"The Back to the Future\"\" gift shop in Universal Studios Japan was replaced by Minion Mart, a \"\"Despicable Me 2\"\"-themed store. In mid 2006, first rumors surfaced that Universal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10332815",
"chunk_text": "\"Burbank, California\"\nshot scenes at Burbank's Safari Inn Motel. \"\"True Romance\"\" (1993) also filmed on location at the motel. \"\"Back to the Future\"\" (1985) shot extensively on the Universal Studios backlot but also filmed band audition scenes at the Burbank Community Center. San Fernando Blvd. doubled for San Diego in \"\"\"\" (1997) while much of Christopher Nolan's \"\"Memento\"\" was shot in and around Burbank with scenes on Burbank Blvd., at the Blue Room (a local bar also featured in the 1994 Michael Mann feature \"\"Heat\"\"), the tattoo parlor, as well as the character Natalie's home. The city's indoor shopping mall, Burbank Town",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1038995",
"chunk_text": "\"Studio Tour\"\nNew England, as well as the Courthouse Square set famously seen in the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" trilogy. However, these sets were constructed mainly of wood and therefore were highly flammable, and burned to the ground in an early morning fire. All the sets have been rebuilt and a new attraction at the Studio features \"\"\"\", which opened July 1, 2010. The area beside the \"\"Psycho\"\" house (known as Psycho Flats) used to be the site of Falls Lake — a large water-tank and waterfall used in numerous productions. Falls Lake was moved over the summer of 2018, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8801439",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future (franchise)\"\nBack to the Future (franchise) The \"\"Back to the Future\"\" franchise is an American science fiction–adventure comedy film series written and directed by Robert Zemeckis, produced by Bob Gale and Neil Canton for Steven Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment, and distributed by Universal Pictures. The franchise follows the adventures of a high school student, Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox), and an eccentric scientist, Dr. Emmett L. Brown (Christopher Lloyd), as they use a DeLorean time machine to time travel to different periods in the history of Hill Valley, California. The first film was the highest-grossing film of 1985 and became an international",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408494",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nthe chasm. However, in a revised timeline where Doc Brown saved Clara's life, the town renamed it Eastwood Ravine after Marty McFly's persona. By 1955, as seen in the first two \"\"Back to the Future\"\" films, the area around the courthouse has developed into the downtown of Hill Valley. In front of the courthouse is a grass-covered town square, with stores, two movie theaters (Essex and Town), and cafés on the surrounding streets. A key moment in the town's fictional history takes place on Saturday, November 12, 1955, at 10:04 p.m. PST, when lightning strikes the courthouse's clock tower, freezing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582652",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nup! Get out! Before you meet yourself coming in!\"\" As guests leave, the song \"\"Back in Time\"\" plays. The ride was a motion simulator with the DeLoreans located under a 70-foot (21.3–m) OMNIMAX Dome screen. Each of the 24 vehicles (12 per dome) were mounted on three pistons, allowing it to rise, fall, and tilt, following the motion on the screen. The vehicles were arranged on three tiers and were staggered to prevent riders from seeing the other vehicles in the theater. The front section rose eight feet (2.4 m) out of the \"\"garage\"\" when \"\"flying\"\". The actual range of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15536106",
"chunk_text": "\"Puente Hills\"\n\"\"The War of the Worlds\"\", the Puente Hills were the landing site of the first spacecraft in the Martian invasion. In the scene from Back to the Future (1985 film), Doc Brown introduces the iconic Delorean time machine in the parking lot of Puente Hills Mall. Puente Hills is home to the Puente Hills Landfill, the country's largest landfill, which closed in 2013. The high-tech landfill has begun offering tours. The Puente Hills Landfill Native Habitat Preservation Authority directs the acquisition, restoration, and management of open space in the Puente Hills for preservation of the land to protect the biological",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16898641",
"chunk_text": "\"Time Chasers\"\nthe offices and studios of radio station WJJR 98.1 and The Howard Bank.\"\" When heckling it, the \"\"MST3K\"\" crew lampooned it as being in a public library and featuring a \"\"giant circus mirror.\"\" The grocery store scene was shot inside Martins, an actual grocery chain which eventually rebranded and has since moved its Rutland location (twice). The former Martins site (formerly the Rutland Mall) is now where Big Lots exists, inside the Home Depot complex. The exteriors were of the local power utility, VELCO.\"\" Scenes of the dystopic future were filmed at the Howe Center which Giancola's family was then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7996878",
"chunk_text": "\"Hills (store)\"\noccupied by other businesses such as Target, Big Lots, and Planet Fitness, many of them remain empty since the Ames liquidation. The July 14, 2015 episode of \"\"Pittsburgh Dad\"\", which had a \"\"Back to the Future\"\" theme, shows the titular character going back to November 5, 1989, just to shop at Hills and stop to get food at their food court. Based on the episode as well as several episodes of Dad wearing Hills-themed attire, a Pittsburgh-based candle company released a \"\"Pittsburgh Dad's Hills Snack Bar\"\" scented candle that is supposed to replicate the smell of the popular snack bar",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5749987",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future\"\non.\"\" Zemeckis concurred, dubbing \"\"Back to the Future\"\" \"\"the film that would not wrap\"\". He recalled that because they shot night after night, he was always \"\"half asleep\"\" and the \"\"fattest, most out-of-shape and sick I ever was\"\". The Hill Valley town square scenes were shot at Courthouse Square, located in the Universal Studios backlot (). Gale explained it would have been impossible to shoot on location \"\"because no city is going to let a film crew remodel their town to look like it's in the 1950s.\"\" The filmmakers \"\"decided to shoot all the 50s stuff first, and make the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408497",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nover a period of thirty years. What happened to everybody's home town is obviously the same thing. They built the mall out in the boonies, and killed all the business downtown, and everything changed.\"\" By the 21st century, the downtown area has experienced a revival as the courthouse has been converted into the Courthouse Mall. Businesses have begun to move back into and around the town square and the parking lot has been replaced by a pond. The clock on top of the courthouse is still preserved at 10:04, and the mall's logo is an illustration of a lightning bolt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582634",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nfor opening in mid-1990. In July 1989, it was announced as a 1991 addition to Universal Studios Hollywood. Construction problems caused the attractions at both parks to have delayed openings. The one at Universal Studios Florida officially opened on May 2, 1991, costing $40 million. Foundation issues for the Universal Studios Hollywood attraction delayed its opening to June 12, 1993, resulting in the total cost of it being put at $60 million. On March 31, 2001, a third installation of the ride opened at the new Universal Studios Japan theme park in Osaka, Japan. The buildings for Florida and California",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6332401",
"chunk_text": "\"Fox Photo\"\nFotomat. In the chase scene(s) in \"\"Back to the Future\"\", the Libyan terrorists crash their van into a Fox Photo booth at the Twin Pines/Lone Pine Mall. Fox Stanley Photo Products Inc. was sold to Kodak in 1986. In 1987 Kodak sold the retail stores to interests whose principal was Carl Newton III. The large photofinishing plants were retained by Kodak and spun off to a Kodak company named Qualex. Carl Newton III ran the retail stores branded as Fox Photo and continued the transition from camera stores and small drive up photo kiosks to Fox Photo One Hour Labs.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408489",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nthe 1962 film \"\"To Kill a Mockingbird\"\" but now known as Courthouse Square, had been used for many films and television shows. One notable example is the very first episode of the sci-fi series \"\"The Twilight Zone\"\", called \"\"Where Is Everybody?\"\" in 1959. The Hill Valley courthouse can also be found in the movies \"\"Bruce Almighty\"\", \"\"Gremlins\"\", \"\"Bye Bye Birdie\"\", \"\"Sneakers\"\", The Offspring's music video \"\"Why Don't You Get a Job?\"\", an episode of \"\"Major Dad\"\" entitled \"\"Who's That Blonde\"\" and even in an episode of \"\"Buffy The Vampire Slayer\"\". The clock tower itself was a removable addition, one of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19526513",
"chunk_text": "\"Chopping Mall\"\nwhat you gotta do and he gave me film school in an hour. Everything I learned in film school didn't count, but what he said made a lot of sense and I still have that yellow pad and I live by it. I now have it memorized, many dos and don'ts.\"\" The film was written to be filmed at the Beverly Central Shopping Centre, but they charged too much money, so the film was shot mostly at Sherman Oaks Galleria (where \"\"Fast Times at Ridgemont High\"\" and \"\"Commando\"\" had been filmed). The Beverly Central was used for some exteriors. Mitchell",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1009529",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nOld Man Peabody's barn at Twin Pines Ranch, named for Peabody's two prized baby pine trees. Marty was shot at by Peabody, forcing Marty to flee in the DeLorean, and accidentally run over and destroy one of the twin pines. Hill Valley (Back to the Future) Hill Valley is the fictional town in California as shown with the clock that serves as the setting of the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" trilogy and its . In the trilogy, Hill Valley is seen in four different time periods (1885, 1955, 1985 and 2015) as well as in a dystopian alternate 1985. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582630",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nBack to the Future: The Ride Back to the Future: The Ride was a simulator ride at Universal Studios theme parks. It was based on and inspired by the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" film series and is a mini-sequel to 1990's \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\". It was previously located at Universal Studios Florida and Universal Studios Hollywood, where it has since been replaced by \"\"The Simpsons Ride\"\" and at Universal Studios Japan where it has since been replaced by \"\"Despicable Me Minion Mayhem\"\". The ride's story centered on a first-person adventure in pursuit of Biff Tannen through time.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408492",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nwere then rebuilt, with the exception of the facades used for Hill Valley 1885. On February 14, 1999 fire at Whittier High School, California, where some (mostly exterior) scenes were filmed, destroyed the men's gym there. On June 1, 2008, yet another fire destroyed part of the rebuilt Courthouse Square backlot and damaged the clock tower. Other real-life shooting locations of Hill Valley landmarks include: According to an 1885 railroad map in \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\", Hill Valley is located in Northern California in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The following information is taken directly from places and events",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6756191",
"chunk_text": "Tomorrowland\nfuturistic look. In 1994, using inspiration from Discoveryland at Disneyland Paris, Tomorrowland was completely re-built and altered to resemble a galactic spaceport as it would have been envisioned by the science-fiction comic strips of the early 20th century, like Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers. Tomorrowland has since been given a much more metallic look, along with new darker blues and purples, especially along its main concourse leading from the central hub. Interesting to note is that the spaceship atop the Cool Scanner misting station is actually a prop from the 1986 film \"\"Flight of the Navigator\"\". Tokyo Disneyland's Tomorrowland was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5749989",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future\"\ntryout scene was filmed at the McCambridge Park Recreation Center in Burbank, and the \"\"Enchantment Under the Sea\"\" dance was filmed in the gymnasium at Hollywood United Methodist Church. The scenes outside of the Baines' house in 1955 were shot at Bushnell Avenue, South Pasadena, California. Filming wrapped after 100 days on April 20, 1985, and the film was delayed from May to August. But after a highly positive test screening (\"\"I'd never seen a preview like that,\"\" said Frank Marshall, \"\"the audience went up to the ceiling\"\"), Sheinberg chose to move the release date to July 3. To make",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15208862",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nthings change, the more they stay the same\"\". The following is a list of such places. When a place is not seen or mentioned in a movie, it is marked \"\"unknown\"\". Some buildings shown in 1885 scenes are actually located further down the street in an area not shown in the first two movies. Despite Hill Valley's notable consistency, many businesses do appear and disappear over the years, as their services begin being needed or become obsolete. The following is a list of businesses that have no known equivalent in other time periods. Twin Pines Mall is the name of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15429081",
"chunk_text": "\"The Simpsons Ride\"\nThe ride is located at both Universal Studios Florida and Universal Studios Hollywood in the former buildings at both locations. The \"\"Back to the Future\"\" opened in Florida in 1991 and closed March 30, 2007, while the Hollywood version opened in 1993 and closed on September 3, 2007. The construction began at Universal Studios Florida in May 2007, and the original concrete on the ground from Back to the Future: The Ride was dismantled and replaced by a red and blue ground holding trees and benches. The building was given a complete overhaul; the cars were changed and the original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15429087",
"chunk_text": "\"The Simpsons Ride\"\nreplacing the Back To The Future: The Store gift shop at Universal Studios Florida and the Time Travelers Depot gift shop at Universal Studios Hollywood. The stores sell \"\"Simpsons\"\"-related merchandise. Carts were opened near the stores which sell Squishees, (which are \"\"The Simpsons\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki> parody of 7-Eleven's Slurpees.) At Universal Studios Florida and Universal Studios Hollywood, the park converted much of the World Expo and some of the Upper Lot in Universal Studios Hollywood into one based on Springfield. The new area includes some iconic landmarks from \"\"The Simpsons\"\" such as Krusty Burger, Frying Dutchman, Luigi's Pizza, Lard Lad Donuts, Bumblebee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20616355",
"chunk_text": "\"Springfield (The Simpsons)\"\nThe Springfield Mall is a shopping mall in Springfield and it features stores such as Happy Market, Cost-Mo, and smaller stores such as Girdles N' Such, Eye Caramba, The Ear Piercery, Happy Sailor Tattoo Parlor, Love Your Computer, Gum4Less, Popular Books, The Leftorium, Nick's Bowling Shop, Stoner's Pot Palace, Bookacchino's, Moe's Express (a mini version of Moe's Tavern), a Mapple Store (a parody of the Apple Store), numerous Starbucks coffee shops, and many others. Many Krusty Burger's and the Leftorium is there. In the episode \"\"Marge Be Not Proud\"\", Bart is caught shoplifting in a Try-N-Save. Despite being told by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9984753",
"chunk_text": "\"Puente Hills Mall\"\nwriter Bob Gale says that several fans gathered at the Puente Hills Mall in the early hours of October 26, 1985, the date given in the film as the present day, to see if anything would happen. Puente Hills Mall featured replicas of the Twin Pines Mall sign, the time machine, and Dr. E. Brown Enterprises truck in its parking lot in October 2015. Puente Hills Mall Puente Hills Mall, located in the City of Industry, California, United States, is a major regional shopping center in the San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County. It is most famous for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11616309",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future (franchise)\"\nand inspired by the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" films and is a mini-sequel to 1990's \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\". The original attraction opened on May 2, 1991, at Universal Studios Florida. It also opened on June 2, 1993 at Universal Studios Hollywood and on March 31, 2001 at Universal Studios Japan. The rides in the United States have since been replaced by The Simpsons Ride. The ride in Japan remained operational until May 31, 2016. In the fall of 2015, a Kickstarter project released the \"\"Back in Time\"\" documentary film. The film features interviews with the members of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408487",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\nHill Valley (Back to the Future) Hill Valley is the fictional town in California as shown with the clock that serves as the setting of the \"\"Back to the Future\"\" trilogy and its . In the trilogy, Hill Valley is seen in four different time periods (1885, 1955, 1985 and 2015) as well as in a dystopian alternate 1985. The films contain many sight gags, verbal innuendos and detailed set design elements, from which a detailed and consistent history of the area can be derived. The name \"\"Hill Valley\"\" is a joke, being an oxymoron. However, an early script for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13724269",
"chunk_text": "\"Great Mall of the Bay Area\"\nMills malls), is a \"\"flat\"\" mall and the 2nd largest mall in northern California — it has only one story but takes up a large amount of land. The mall is currently laid out in this fashion because the existing main structure used to be a Ford automobile assembly plant and was not designed to serve as a shopping center. Various major retailers are represented in the mall, including The Home Depot, Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue, Marshalls, Dave & Buster's, Sears Appliance Outlet, and a new Last Call by Neiman Marcus Clearance Center. The mall used to house a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3408488",
"chunk_text": "\"Hill Valley (Back to the Future)\"\n\"\"Back to the Future Part II\"\" mentioned that Hill Valley was named after its founder, William \"\"Bill\"\" Hill. The design of the courthouse facade and Clock Tower is based on the real-life Limestone County Courthouse in Athens, Alabama. For \"\"Back to the Future\"\", the producers considered filming the town square scenes in the real city of Petaluma, California, but soon realised it would be prohibitively expensive and impractical to alter a real place to suit the different eras. Instead filming was completed on the Universal Studios backlot, where they had more control. The main location, once called Mockingbird Square after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582655",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nfilming. The miniature sets were large, with the replica 2015 buildings as much as half a grown man, and the Tyrannosaurus model being about 7 feet tall. The Institute of Future Technology that the riders crashed into at the end of the ride was actually a model of the Florida version of the building. The film produced for Universal Studios parks in the United States saw Christopher Lloyd and Thomas F. Wilson reprise their roles as Doc Brown and Biff Tannen, respectively. Darlene Vogel starred as Heather, a receptionist for the Institute of Future Technology (IFT). Members of the production",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "296632",
"chunk_text": "\"Parkway Plaza\"\ninside the mall, it ran until 2003, then it got relocated to Elyria, Ohio. In 2004, a two-story carousel replaced the 1926 Allan Herschell carousel. In January 2016, the double-decker carousel moved to Wichita, Kansas. On January 31, 2016, it has been rumored that a 1926 Allan Herschell carousel was returning to Parkway Plaza. Parkway Plaza Parkway Plaza, formerly known as Westfield Parkway, is a shopping mall in El Cajon, California. The malls anchor stores are Crunch Fitness, Dick's Sporting Goods, JCPenney, Macy's, Regal Cinemas, and Walmart. Westfield America, Inc., a precursor to Westfield Group, acquired the shopping center in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1343705",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future Part III\"\nhe wanted to visit the Old West and meet cowboys. Zemeckis and writer/producer Bob Gale were intrigued by the idea, but held it off until \"\"Part III\"\". Rather than use existing sets, the filmmakers built the 1885 Hill Valley from scratch. The western scenes were filmed on location in Monument Valley. Some of the location shooting for the 1885 Hill Valley was done in Jamestown, California, and on a purpose-built set at the Red Hills Ranch near Sonora, California. Some of the train scenes were filmed at Railtown 1897 State Historic Park, a heritage line in Jamestown. Whereas the original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18136222",
"chunk_text": "\"Ventura County, California\"\nand resourceful young boy, was filmed in rural areas of Ventura County. Also, in 2000 the movie \"\"Swordfish\"\" filmed the final bank scene on East Main Street in Ventura. The building they used is the white building on the corner. In 2009, the VH1 television show \"\"Tool Academy\"\" was filmed in Ventura County. The movie \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\" filmed the scene where Marty returns to the year 1985 in the time-traveling DeLorean at the railroad crossing at S Ventura Rd & Shoreview Dr in Port Hueneme. Many films, including \"\"Little Miss Sunshine\"\", \"\"Chinatown\"\", \"\"Erin Brockovich\"\", \"\"The Aviator\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9932074",
"chunk_text": "\"Westfield Santa Anita\"\nexpansion opened. Named \"\"The Promenade\"\", the outdoor expansion added 30 new stores between Macy's and Nordstrom with an emphasis on upscale brands like Coach, Williams-Sonoma, Talbots, and Clarks. On November 3, 2012, Forever 21 relocated from its location on the first floor into most of the former Robinsons-May becoming an anchor tenant. The Robinsons-May store was heavily renovated and repartitioned into smaller parts to accommodate this transition. The former Robinsons-May store was used for filming the abandoned Bloomingdale's scenes in the 2008 blockbuster \"\"Cloverfield\"\". Westfield Santa Anita Westfield Santa Anita, formerly Santa Anita Fashion Park, is a super regional indoor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17816879",
"chunk_text": "\"Chapel Hills Mall\"\nChapel Hills Mall Chapel Hills Mall is a shopping mall located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. It is a \"\"super-regional mall\"\" with of gross leasable area. It is anchored by Dillard's, Macy's, Burlington Coat Factory, Dick's Sporting Goods, Sears and a 13-screen AMC movie theater. The mall opened in 1982, with renovations in 1985 and 1998. The 1998 renovation included an ice arena, climbing wall, and Borders Books & Music, as well as the addition of JCPenney, which closed in 2014. The space JCPenney used was originally occupied by Service Merchandise. The climbing wall was closed down in 2005.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5749970",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future\"\nPart II\"\" (1989) and \"\"Back to the Future Part III\"\" (1990), an animated series, , and several video games. In 1985 Hill Valley, California, teenager Marty McFly and his girlfriend, Jennifer Parker, are chastised by the school principal for lateness. Marty auditions for the Battle of the Bands, but is rejected for being too loud. At home, Marty's father George is bullied by his supervisor, Biff Tannen, while his mother Lorraine is an overweight, depressed alcoholic. Lorraine recalls how she met George when her father hit him with his car. Marty is invited by his friend, eccentric inventor Dr. Emmett",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11616274",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future (franchise)\"\nphenomenon, leading to the second and third films, which were back-to-back film productions, released in 1989 and 1990, respectively. Though the sequels did not perform quite as well at the box office as the first film, the trilogy remains immensely popular after 30 years and has yielded such spinoffs as an and a at the Universal Studios Theme Parks in Universal City, California; Orlando, Florida; and Osaka, Japan (all now closed), as well as a . The film's visual effects were done by Industrial Light and Magic. The trilogy was nominated for five Academy Awards all together, winning one (Best",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582637",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nfor good. The California ride publicly closed on Labor Day, September 3, 2007. In commemoration of its final month of operation, a special event was held with Christopher Lloyd and Bob Gale beginning the countdown to the ride's closure in early August 2007. Additionally, a contest was announced with the grand prize winner receiving a classic 1981 DeLorean DMC-12 vehicle. A new attraction based on the animated sitcom \"\"The Simpsons\"\", known officially as \"\"The Simpsons Ride\"\", replaced the ride at Universal Studios Florida on May 15, 2008 and at Universal Studios Hollywood on May 19, 2008. In homage to it,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20582657",
"chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future: The Ride\"\nsecurity guard, while Tetsuo Goto and Hironori Miyata voiced the IFT scientists. In keeping with the theme of the ride, many prop-replicas from the films were on display as guests lined up. Notable items included the Hoverboards from the second and third movies and letters from Doc Brown to Marty McFly. The locomotive from the third film and one of the modified DeLoreans were on display outside the ride; the DeLorean outside the Florida ride was removed on September 3, 2007, later to be seen with Doc driving it until it was put on display outside of Soundstage 54. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19429549",
"chunk_text": "\"Manhattan Town Center\"\nManhattan Town Center Manhattan Town Center is a single-level enclosed shopping mall located in downtown Manhattan, Kansas. Manhattan Town Center opened in 1987. The mall has three anchors: Dillard's, JCPenney, and the AMC Dine-In Manhattan 13 IMAX movie theater. Manhattan Town Center opened on October 26, 1987. The mall opened with two anchor stores, Dillard's and JCPenney. The third anchor, Sears, opened in 1990 and closed in 2014 amidst the company's widespread financial struggles. The vacant Sears store was demolished and replaced by the Carmike Cinemas Town Center 13 movie theater, which opened in December 2016. It was subsequently renamed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3411323",
"chunk_text": "\"Avondale Mall\"\nmall with the Nissan pickup were inside the mall nearest the Davison's end. The escalator scene was inside the old Sears building, and the \"\"exit\"\" crash through the window was on the western side of Sears on the first level (the movie then cut to an exterior scene of a mall in South Florida). After the filming, Columbia Mall was renovated and renamed \"\"Avondale Mall\"\" in an effort to reverse years of decline. The mall was expanded into both floors of the former Sears store, which were subdivided into smaller tenant spaces. At one time, the lower level of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15635744",
"chunk_text": "\"Manhattan Mall\"\nManhattan Mall The Manhattan Mall is an indoor shopping mall in New York City located at 33rd Street and Avenue of the Americas in the heart of Midtown Manhattan and home to dozens of well-known retailers. The mall is a high-traffic shopping venue that has included A&S and Stern's as anchor stores in the past. Currently, the major anchor store is JCPenney. Venture bought the building in 1999 for $135 million and sold it to Vornado Realty Trust in 2006 for $689 million. There are entrances to the 34th Street – Herald Square New York City Subway station and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_658
|
what does rt mean on a dodge car?
|
n/a
|
[
"Road/Track"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18979999",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nChrysler minivans (RT) The RT-platform Chrysler minivans are a series of passenger minivans marketed by Chrysler starting in model year 2008, the fifth in six generations of Chrysler minivans. Depending on the market, these vans were known as the Dodge Grand Caravan, Chrysler Town & Country, Chrysler Grand Voyager, Lancia Voyager and the Volkswagen Routan, a modified version sold by Volkswagen in North America. Only long wheelbase models were offered with the Dodge Journey replacing the short wheelbase model. While most versions were discontinued in 2016 with the launch of the Chrysler Pacifica minivan, the Grand Caravan remains in production",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "105025",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler RFE transmission\"\nhydraulic control system design (without electronic assist) provides the transmission with PARK, REVERSE, NEUTRAL, SECOND, and THIRD gears, based solely on driver shift lever selection. This design allows the vehicle to be driven (in “limp-in” mode) in the event of an electronic control system failure, or a situation that the Transmission Control Module (TCM) recognizes as potentially damaging to the transmission. On the 68RFE, fourth gear is used for limp-in instead of second and third. All RFE transmissions use Mopar ATF +4. Service fill is 6–8 quarts. http://hotrodlane.cc/New%20HEMI%20Tech/2004%2057%20hemi%20trans.pdf Chrysler RFE transmission The RFE is an automatic transmission family from Chrysler.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14708304",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Charger\"\nall-wheel drive (AWD). In its inaugural year, the Dodge Charger was available in SE, SXT, R/T, R/T with Road/Track Performance Group, Police, and Daytona R/T versions. The basic SE model included a 2.7 L V6 engine, 5-speed automatic transmission with \"\"AutoStick\"\" manual shifting feature, 17-inch wheels, air conditioning, all-speed traction control, as well as ABS and electronic stability control, a CD player, tilt and telescoping steering column, power locks/mirrors/windows, and remote keyless entry. Additional features and trims were available including the Charger R/T with a 5.7 L Hemi V8 mated to a 5-speed automatic transmission. A multiple-displacement system that allows",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15085628",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler Hemi engine\"\nrevisions to the 5.7 L for the 2009 model year. The first for all applications is what Chrysler calls Variable Camshaft Timing or VCT. VCT (which is essentially variable valve timing) uses an oil control valve which controls oil flow to a unique camshaft sprocket which contains a phasing device, which depending on the operation of the oil control valve either advances or retards camshaft timing. Cylinder heads have been revised to increase flow. Though the intake manifold has also been changed on all applications, it is however model specific. Dodge Ram, non-Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Chrysler Aspens, and non-HEV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8514379",
"chunk_text": "\"Gross axle weight rating\"\nGross axle weight rating The gross axle weight rating (GAWR) is the maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle. Typically, GAWR is followed by either the letters FR or RR, which indicate front or rear axles respectively. Road damage rises steeply with axle weight, and is estimated \"\"as a rule of thumb... for reasonably strong pavement surfaces\"\" to be proportional to the fourth power of the axle weight. This means that doubling the axle weight will increase road damage (2x2x2x2)=16 times. For this reason trucks with a high axle weight are heavily taxed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17406856",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Charger (LX/LD)\"\nfive-spoke aluminum wheels, Granite Crystal pockets and a matching Granite Crystal Dodge split-crosshair grille, \"\"Dodge Est. 1914\"\" bar-style front-fender badges, Dodge \"\"100\"\" logo on the center caps, a body-color rear spoiler, a red \"\"R/T\"\" heritage grille badge on R/T Plus model, sport seats with all-new Molten Red or Foundry Black Nappa leather upholstery, a custom cloud overprint at sport seats, center console armrest and door armrests; a unique three-spoke flat-bottom performance steering wheel with die-cast paddle shifters, brass-colored accent stitching on leather-wrapped surfaces, Dark Brushed Graphite center console bezels, Liquid Graphite steering-wheel accents, die-cast \"\"Dodge Est. 1914\"\" circular badges on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4899721",
"chunk_text": "\"Rotary variable differential transformer\"\nRotary variable differential transformer A rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT) is a type of electrical transformer used for measuring angular displacement. More precisely, a Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT) is an electromechanical transducer that provides a variable alternating current (AC) output voltage that is linearly proportional to the angular displacement of its input shaft. When energized with a fixed AC source, the output signal is linear within a specified range over the angular displacement. RVDTs use brushless, non-contacting technology to ensure long life and reliable, repeatable position sensing with infinite resolution. Such reliable and repeatable performance assures accurate position sensing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18981911",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nsuccessor to the current Dodge Grand Caravan, which would be based on the Chrysler Pacifica, saying that the Grand Caravan successor would be \"\"a Caravan-like vehicle\"\" . Marchionne is quoted as saying, \"\"The replacement of the Caravan will be a Caravan-like vehicle. I need another minivan. It's going to be in line with the Pacifica architecture\"\". Chrysler minivans (RT) The RT-platform Chrysler minivans are a series of passenger minivans marketed by Chrysler starting in model year 2008, the fifth in six generations of Chrysler minivans. Depending on the market, these vans were known as the Dodge Grand Caravan, Chrysler Town",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7501017",
"chunk_text": "\"Gross axle weight rating\"\naffect load distribution and actual axle weights. Gross axle weight rating The gross axle weight rating (GAWR) is the maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle. Typically, GAWR is followed by either the letters FR or RR, which indicate front or rear axles respectively. Road damage rises steeply with axle weight, and is estimated \"\"as a rule of thumb... for reasonably strong pavement surfaces\"\" to be proportional to the fourth power of the axle weight. This means that doubling the axle weight will increase road damage (2x2x2x2)=16 times. For this reason trucks with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1577496",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nlevels also offer a Blacktop Package, which adds a blacked-out front upper grille, darkened front head and rear tail lamps, black-finished seventeen-inch aluminum-alloy wheels, and an all-black interior color scheme. Options that have been deleted for the 2018 model year include the nine-speaker premium amplified surround-sound audio system, the dual-screen rear DVD entertainment system, and leather-and-suede seating surfaces. Production began in November 2017 of 2018 model year Dodge Grand Caravans due to the newly-revised 2018 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, which now requires that all new vehicles sold in the United States include standard side-impact airbags, which the Grand Caravan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1801062",
"chunk_text": "\"Ramp travel index\"\nis the maximum distance from the ground to the bottom of the wheel without allowing any other wheel to leave the ground, then formula_5 Ramp travel index Ramp travel index or RTI, is a way of measuring a vehicle's ability to flex its suspension, a property also known as axle articulation. The RTI rating is used mainly in the off-roading industry to test and describe chassis limits of modified vehicles. The ramps vary between 15 and 30 degrees of angle for the vehicle to ride up. \"\"Ramping\"\" a vehicle involves putting one front tire on the ramp and driving up",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14405548",
"chunk_text": "TorqueFlite\ntrucks and panel vans. When installed in Dodge trucks and vans, the transmission was marketed as LoadFlite. In the 1990s, the transmissions were renamed, however the original Torqueflite design remained the basis of many Chrysler designed (and built) transmissions through 2007 (and FWD transaxles through 2000). Torqueflite transmissions and transaxles made through 1991 were assigned arbitrary engineering designations consisting of the letter \"\"A\"\" followed by three digits. 1992 and later units have four-character designations in which the first through fourth characters indicate, respectively, the number of forward speeds, torque capacity, drive type or transaxle orientation, and control system: The original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11765726",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Power Wagon\"\nDodge Power Wagon The Dodge Power Wagon is a four wheel drive medium duty truck that was produced in various model series from 1945 to 1981 by Dodge, then as a nameplate for the Dodge Ram from 2005 to 2013, and, most recently ‘13-present, as an individual model marketed by Ram Trucks. It was developed as the WDX truck, and until about 1960 it was internally known by its engineering code T137 – a name still used for the original series by enthusiasts. The original civilian version, commonly called the \"\"flat fender\"\" Power Wagon or FFPW, was mechanically based on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10853797",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Magnum\"\nMagnum was a badge engineered station wagon version of the Chrysler 300 manufactured at the same plant in Brampton, Ontario, Canada. The Magnum had four engine options; the \"\"SE\"\" features the 190 hp 2.72 L LH V6, the \"\"SXT\"\" had the 3.5 L V6, and the \"\"RT\"\" had the new 340 hp 5.7 L Hemi V8. The SRT-8 has a 425 hp 6.1 L Hemi engine. All-wheel drive became an option in 2005 on SXT and RT models. The SRT8, AWD SXT, and the RT use a Mercedes-Benz-derived 5-speed automatic transmission, while all other models use a four-speed automatic. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11765742",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Power Wagon\"\nratios. 2010 models (along with other Ram trucks) received larger universal joints. 2012 Weight ratings: The New Venture Gear transfer case is replaced by a Borg-Warner unit. Interior updated ala 1500 Rams. The RAM Power Wagon will have a 6.4 \"\"Hemi\"\" V8 as the standard engine; the 5.7 Hemi V8 goes away. The 6.4 has 410 horsepower and is also available in standard Rams. The transmission and transfer case remain unchanged (Borg Warner 44-47). The axle gears change from 4.56:1 gear ratios to 4:10 gear ratios. The rear axle is now a 11.5 AAM axle (with selectable locker). The rear",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12027841",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler PT Cruiser\"\nbrand. By the end of production in July 2010, worldwide production had reached 1.35 million. Internally at Chrysler during development, \"\"PT\"\" stood for \"\"Plymouth Truck\"\", as it was intended to be a Plymouth model, and certified as a truck by NHTSA standards. The name stuck, but Chrysler never revealed what PT was supposed to mean. The PT Cruiser is a front-wheel drive 5-passenger vehicle, classified as a truck in the US by the NHTSA for CAFE fuel economy calculations but as a car by most other metrics. Chrysler specifically designed the PT Cruiser to fit the NHTSA criteria for a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1504278",
"chunk_text": "\"New Venture Gear 4500 transmission\"\nRPO MT8 & MW3 Shared Features: 1991–1994 RPO MT8 Features: MT8 Gear ratios: 1995–2007 RPO MW3 Features: MW3 Gear ratios: Chrysler Corporation Dodge Truck division used the NV4500 as NVG4500 in \"\"Standard\"\" and \"\"Heavy Duty\"\" applications. Shared Standard Duty & Heavy Duty Features: Standard Duty 1992.5–2005 order code DDP: Heavy Duty 1994–2005 order code DDX: Dodge Gear ratios: New Venture Gear 4500 transmission The New Venture Gear 4500, commonly called NV4500, is a 5-speed manual transmission manufactured by New Venture Gear and used in General Motors and Chrysler products from 1991–2007. The NV4500 is a very popular 5-speed manual conversion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1577493",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nlevels: SE, SE Plus, and SXT. The SXT Plus and GT trim levels have been discontinued for 2018, according to Dodge's Online Build-and-Price Tool. All trim levels get new standard equipment, some of which was previously optional for those trim levels. The base SE, starting at $25,995 includes standard equipment such as: front and second-row rear power windows and rear third-row quarter vent windows, keyless entry, manually-sliding side rear doors, seventeen-inch black-painted steel wheels with plastic wheel covers, the U Connect 430 radio (A/M-F/M radio, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, single-disc CD/MP3/DVD/DVD Audio player, USB input, 3.5-millimeter (3.5mm) auxiliary audio input jack,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19608326",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nplay different media at the same time, SIRIUS Backseat TV which offers three channels of childrens programming, FLO TV featuring 20 channels of live programming, Pentastar V6 (283 hp) engine replacing previous 3.8-liter and 3.3-liter V-6 engines, six-speed automatic transmission, a new fuel economizer mode, a new instrument panel and instrument cluster, new Chrysler Brand steering wheel with integrated controls that allow the driver to operate the radio, cruise control, hands-free phone and other vehicle functions while keeping their hands on the wheel; upgraded cloth and leather seating materials; new soft touch door trim, new heating and cooling control system.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1504223",
"chunk_text": "\"New Venture Gear 3500 transmission\"\nand are often mistaken for the NV3500: Lubricants for the NV3500: Capacity: NOTE: Dodge Ram order code DDC General Motors RPO codes Full-size CK, Silverado, Sierra MG5 Small trucks S10 etc. M50 Wide Ratio Gearing Option in Dodge 1500 & GM Full-size Light Trucks: Close Ratio GM S/T Small Trucks & 2500 Light Duty Dodge Ram Truck Gearing: Close Ratio NV3500-HD Dodge Dakota Gearing: These are considered extremely difficult transmissions to rebuild. Special tools are required for a full rebuild. New Venture Gear 3500 transmission The New Venture Gear 3500, commonly called NV3500, is a 5-speed overdrive manual transmission manufactured",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16647822",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Charger (LX/LD)\"\ndelivers and of torque, and the new 6.4 liter V-8 produces and . of torque. According to the October 2011 issue of Motor Trend, the Dodge Charger SRT-8, weighing , sprints from 0- in 4.3 seconds, and clears the quarter mile (~400 m) in 12.8 seconds at . It is mechanically identical to the Chrysler 300 SRT-8. The Charger SRT8 returns as 2012 model, which was previewed at the 2011 Chicago Auto Show. Chrysler began putting the Dodge logo with slanted red rectangles on the grilles of 2012.5 Charger models. In 2011 Dodge introduced the Dodge Charger R/T Mopar 11",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2981203",
"chunk_text": "\"Active Fuel Management\"\nActive Fuel Management Active Fuel Management (formerly known as displacement on demand (DoD)) is a trademarked name for the automobile variable displacement technology from General Motors. It allows a V6 or V8 engine to \"\"turn off\"\" half of the cylinders under light-load conditions to improve fuel economy. Estimated performance on EPA tests show a 5.5–7.5% improvement in fuel economy. GM's current Active Fuel Management technology uses a solenoid to deactivate the lifters on selected cylinders of a pushrod V-layout engine. High-powered multi-cylinder internal combustion engines may be necessary to satisfy driver demands for quick acceleration and/or heavy towing capacity, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7784283",
"chunk_text": "\"Bumper cars\"\nBumper cars Bumper cars or dodgems is the generic name for a type of flat ride consisting of several small electrically powered cars which draw power from the floor and/or ceiling, and which are turned on and off remotely by an operator. They are also known as bumping cars, dodging cars and dashing cars. Power is commonly supplied by one of three methods: The metal floor is usually set up as a rectangular or oval track, and graphite is sprinkled on the floor to decrease friction. A rubber bumper surrounds each vehicle, and drivers either ram or dodge each other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13770836",
"chunk_text": "\"Request Tracker\"\nREST-like API and a command-line tool are also provided as another way to interact with RT. Request Tracker Request Tracker, commonly abbreviated to RT, is a ticket-tracking system written in Perl used to coordinate tasks and manage requests among a community of users. RT's first release in 1996 was written by Jesse Vincent, who later formed Best Practical Solutions LLC to distribute, develop, and support the package. RT is open source (FOSS) and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Request Tracker for Incident Response (RTIR) is a special distribution of RT to fulfill the specific needs of CERT teams.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7129336",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Dakota\"\nchromed version of the original cast 17x9 aluminum wheels at no extra charge. This version of the R/T Dakota was produced through 2003, with the newer 2003 R/T trucks designated as their own trimline and no longer as part of an option package on the Dakota Sport trim. The Dakota R/T could accelerate from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 6.9 seconds and complete a quarter-mile sprint in just a hair over 15 seconds. It had a maximum towing capacity of and a maximum payload capacity of . The RT Package: While the Magnum 360 V-8 under the hood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2856771",
"chunk_text": "Redline\nwill lead to a rough and very noticeable engine braking, and likely engine damage. This is often known as a 'money shift' because of the likelihood of engine damage and the expense of fixing the engine. Redline Redline refers to the maximum engine speed at which an internal combustion engine or traction motor and its components are designed to operate without causing damage to the components themselves or other parts of the engine. The redline of an engine depends on various factors such as stroke, mass of the components, displacement, composition of components, and balance of components. The word is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4779862",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler Hemi engine\"\nDodge Durango utilize an active intake manifold with a short runner valve to optimize torque and horsepower. At lower engine rpm the valve is closed, resulting in improved low-end torque from the longer runners. At higher engine rpm the valve is opened, diverting the incoming air into the center of the manifold. The shorter runners results in improved horsepower. Passenger cars, Jeep vehicles, as well as HEV Chrysler Aspen and HEV Dodge Durango do not use this manifold; instead, these vehicles utilize a passive intake manifold, which does not have a short runner valve. Six-speed manual transmission and all Heavy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7469086",
"chunk_text": "\"Street & Racing Technology\"\nStreet & Racing Technology Street & Racing Technology (commonly called SRT) is a high-performance automobile group within Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. SRT began as \"\"Team Viper\"\" to develop the Dodge Viper. It later merged with \"\"Team Prowler\"\", the developers of the Plymouth Prowler, to become Specialty Vehicle Engineering (SVE). This was renamed Performance Vehicle Operations (PVO) in January 2002. Since all PVO vehicles used the SRT name, the PVO development group was renamed SRT in 2004. SRT heavily tunes and produces vehicles for the Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep brands. The naming convention used by SRT for its models are indicative of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19607600",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\non the sliding doors and moved the gear shift from the steering column to the center console, in a higher position. Another new feature of this generation was an available rear overhead console which featured LED map lights as well as halo ambient lighting. A new DVD system was also available, which featured dual screens for the rear passengers. SIRIUS Backseat TV was also offered, which featured three channels of children's programming. The \"\"Stow 'n Go\"\" seats, carried over from the previous generation, were standard, with a new seating system marketed as \"\"Swivel 'n Go\"\" optional on higher end models.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10202599",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge T-, V-, W-Series\"\nrange TC, and its successors VC and WC were -ton rated, on a wheelbase. As the second letter in the model code progressed in the alphabet, the payload rating typically also went up, however this was not implemented consistently. Although the TD-15, VD-15 and WD-15 were -ton rated, the TD-20 and -21 and its later VD and WD versions were one-tonners. The -15s and the -20s had a wheelbase, but the 1-ton could also be had with (the TD-/VD-/WD-21). Second letter 'E' models only existed in the form of the 1939 TE versions. TF-, VF-, and WF-models were either 1-ton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11441521",
"chunk_text": "\"Ramp travel index\"\nRamp travel index Ramp travel index or RTI, is a way of measuring a vehicle's ability to flex its suspension, a property also known as axle articulation. The RTI rating is used mainly in the off-roading industry to test and describe chassis limits of modified vehicles. The ramps vary between 15 and 30 degrees of angle for the vehicle to ride up. \"\"Ramping\"\" a vehicle involves putting one front tire on the ramp and driving up slowly until one of the other three tires (usually the rear one on the same side as the tire driving the ramp) begins to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19607602",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nvariant of the RT minivans with revised styling, content features and suspension tuning. Manufactured alongside the Chrysler and Dodge minivans at Windsor Assembly and marketed in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, the Routan debuted at the 2008 Chicago Auto Show and went on sale in the United States in September 2008. The Routan's minivan variants include the Dodge Caravan, Ram C/V, Chrysler Town & Country, and Chrysler Grand Voyager (export)—that by 2009 have ranked as the 13th bestselling automotive nameplate worldwide, with over 12 million sold. The Routan marked the start of Volkswagen's business strategy to offer additional vehicles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6863322",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler LA engine\"\nplant in Detroit, Michigan, as well as plants in Canada and Mexico. The \"\"LA\"\" stands for \"\"Light A\"\", as the older \"\"A\"\" engine it was closely based on was nearly 50 pounds heavier. Willem Weertman, who later became Chief Engineer – Engine Design and Development, was in charge of the conversion. The basic design of the LA engine would go unchanged through the development of the \"\"Magnum\"\" upgrade (1992-1993) and into the 2000s with changes to enhance power and efficiency. The V6 was released in 1987 for use in the Dodge Dakota and a replacement for the older, longer slant-6.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16647831",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Charger (LX/LD)\"\nCharger R/T AWD, and R/T Plus AWD, the Charger AWD Sport package includes a unique Gloss Black painted split-crosshair grille and grille surround, 19-inch polished aluminum wheels with Gloss Black pockets, all-season performance tires, steering-wheel mounted paddle shifters, sport mode transmission calibration, rear body-color spoiler, sport seats in black cloth (SXT and R/T) or premium black or red heated Nappa leather (SXT Plus and R/T Plus) upholstery, Beats Audio technology (a 12-channel amplifier integrating Beats proprietary equalizer algorithm, three 3.5-inch speakers located in the instrument panel, two 3.5-inch speakers located in the rear doors, two 6 x 9-inch front-door woofers,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "878481",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler RFE transmission\"\nChrysler RFE transmission The RFE is an automatic transmission family from Chrysler. The name refers to its Rear wheel drive design and Full Electronic control system. The 45RFE was introduced in the Jeep Grand Cherokee in 1999, it is notable for including three planetary gearsets rather than the two normally used in a 4-speed automatic. It also features three multiple disc input clutches, three multiple disc holding clutches, and a dual internal filter system (one primary filter for transmission sump, one for the fluid cooler return system). In the 45RFE applications four gears are utilized, with a different (1.50:1 rather",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6995845",
"chunk_text": "\"Engine displacement\"\nsize to signify the extra power from auxiliary systems. For example, the RX450h has a 3.5 L engine, and the LS600h has a 5.0 L engine. Engine displacement Engine displacement is the swept volume of all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from \"\"top dead centre\"\" (TDC) to \"\"bottom dead centre\"\" (BDC). It is commonly specified in cubic centimetres (\"\"cc\"\" or cm), litres (l), or cubic inches (CID). Engine displacement does not include the total volume of the combustion chamber. Engine displacement is determined from the bore and stroke of an engine's cylinders.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13828026",
"chunk_text": "MTTR\nMTTR MTTR is an abbreviation that has several different expansions with greatly differing meanings. It is wise to spell out exactly what is meant when using it, rather than assuming the reader will know which is being used. The M can stand for any of \"\"minimum\"\", \"\"mean\"\" or \"\"maximum\"\", and the R can stand for any of \"\"recovery\"\", \"\"repair\"\", \"\"respond\"\", or \"\"restore\"\". The most common, \"\"mean\"\", is also subject to interpretation, as there are several ways to calculate a mean. In an engineering context with no explicit definition, the engineering figure of merit, mean time to repair would be the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9443197",
"chunk_text": "Redline\nRedline Redline refers to the maximum engine speed at which an internal combustion engine or traction motor and its components are designed to operate without causing damage to the components themselves or other parts of the engine. The redline of an engine depends on various factors such as stroke, mass of the components, displacement, composition of components, and balance of components. The word is also used as a verb, meaning to ride or drive an automotive vehicle at its maximum engine speed. The acceleration, or rate of change in piston velocity, is the limiting factor. The piston acceleration is directly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20826475",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (NS)\"\n253 hp, paired with the 4-speed AutoStick transmission. The Dodge Caravan adapted several styling elements from the Dodge Viper RT/10, including hoodscoops (carried directly over from the Viper), and a redesigned lower fascia that shifted the Dodge \"\"crosshair\"\" grille into the lower bumper (with the addition of foglamps from the Viper). The interior featured a performance-oriented theme, with brushed aluminum trim for the trim and door panels, with black leather seats and racing-style pedals.From 2011 to 2016, Dodge produced the Grand Caravan R/T as an trim variant, though the option was largely cosmetic. Derived from the Plymouth Voyager, the Plymouth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19271923",
"chunk_text": "\"Plymouth Reliant\"\nPlymouth Reliant The Plymouth Reliant and Dodge Aries were introduced for model year 1981 as the first \"\"K-cars\"\" manufactured and marketed by the Chrysler Corporation. As rebadged variants, the Reliant and Aries were manufactured in Newark, Delaware, Detroit, Michigan, and Toluca, Mexico — in a single generation. The Reliant replaced the Plymouth Volaré/Road Runner. The Aries replaced the Dodge Aspen. Though similar in exterior size to a compact car, the Reliant's interior volume gave it a mid-size designation from the EPA. The Aries was sold as the Dart in Mexico. The Reliant and Aries were selected together as \"\"Motor Trend\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4983312",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler Hemi-6 Engine\"\nChrysler Hemi-6 Engine The Chrysler Hemi-6 engine is a family of inline six-cylinder petrol engines produced by Chrysler Australia in three piston displacements and multiple configurations. Hemi-6 engines were installed in Australian-market Chrysler Valiants from 1970 through 1981. Chrysler Corporation in the US had been working since 1966 on an inline 6-cylinder engine, called the D-engine, to replace the Slant 6 (G-engine) in Dodge trucks, but abandoned the effort. Chrysler Australia wanted a new six-cylinder engine for use in the Australian Chrysler Valiant, and so Chrysler USA sent a prototype engine to Chrysler Australia's engineers to continue developing the D-engine.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19608327",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nThe suspension was heavily re-tuned, with both Dodge and Chrysler minivans gaining a larger front sway bar and new rear sway bar, increased rear roll center height, adjusted spring rates, a new steering gear, a revised front static camber setting, and lowered ride height. This dramatically improved handling in both the Chrysler and Dodge. Other changes included extra sound insulation, acoustic glass, new seats, softer-touch surfaces, new LED ambient lighting and center console, and halogen projector headlamps with LED accents. The Chrysler models were adjusted so that instead of competing against equivalent Dodge trim levels, they were above Dodge in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13519629",
"chunk_text": "\"Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout\"\n(RR) and rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (RMR) layouts, it places the engine over the drive wheels, improving traction in many applications. As the steered wheels are also the driven wheels, FWD cars are generally considered superior to RWD cars in conditions where there is low traction such as snow, mud, gravel or wet tarmac. When hill climbing in low traction conditions RR is considered the best two-wheel-drive layout, primarily due to the shift of weight to the rear wheels when climbing. The cornering ability of a FWD vehicle is generally better, because the engine is placed over the steered wheels.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12213394",
"chunk_text": "\"Round-trip delay time\"\nRound-trip delay time In telecommunications, the round-trip delay time (RTD) or round-trip time (RTT) is the length of time it takes for a signal to be sent plus the length of time it takes for an acknowledgement of that signal to be received. This time delay includes the propagation times for the paths between the two communication endpoints. In space technology, the round-trip delay time or round-trip light time is the time light (and hence any signal) takes to go to a space probe and return. In the context of computer networks, the signal is generally a data packet, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1577491",
"chunk_text": "\"Chrysler minivans (RT)\"\nHighway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) New Car Assessment Program crash testing, the 2010 Dodge Grand Caravan achieved a five star (top safety) rating in several categories. The 2.4 L \"\"EDZ\"\" I4 was dropped, with the 3.3 L \"\"EGA\"\" V6 standard. The 3.8 L \"\"EGH\"\" V6 engine was optional on mid level models, with a 4.0L SOHC V6 engine optional as the top level engine. A 2.8 L \"\"RA428\"\" I4 diesel was available on export models, while the 3.3L wasn't offered in Europe. The 3.3L got a 4 speed Ultradrive automatic transmission, while all the other engines came with a new",
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},
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"chunk_id": "7129368",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Durango\"\nSXT Plus - 2014–present: Basic trim level, basic features, 3.6 L Pentastar V6 engine only. Crew Plus - 2010-2013: Luxury trim level, luxury features, 3.6 L Pentastar V6 or 5.7 L HEMI V8 engines. Limited - 2014–2016: Luxury trim level, luxury features, 3.6 L Pentastar V6 or 5.7 L HEMI V8 engines. GT - 2017–present: Sporty trim level that replaces the Limited trim, 3.6 L Pentastar V6 engine only. GT Plus - 2019–present: GT trim with selected luxury amenities, 3.6 L Pentastar V6 engine only. R/T - 2011–present: Sporty trim level, sporty details, 5.7 L HEMI V8 engine only. First",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "5749399",
"chunk_text": "Dodge\nneed to shift gears. Styling was not initially Dodge's strong point during this period, though that began to change by 1953 under the direction of corporate design chief Virgil Exner. At the same time, Dodge also introduced its first V8 engine – the Red Ram Hemi, a smaller version of the original design of the famed Hemi. The new 1953 bodies were smaller and based on the Plymouth. For 1954, sales dropped, the stubby styling not going over well with the public. 1954 also saw the introduction of the fully automatic PowerFlite transmission. Chrysler borrowed $250 million from Prudential in",
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"page_id": 46
},
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"chunk_id": "9434728",
"chunk_text": "\"Wide open throttle\"\nWide open throttle Wide open throttle (WOT) refers to an internal combustion engine's maximum intake of air and fuel that occurs when the throttle plates inside the carburetor or throttle body are \"\"wide open\"\", providing the least resistance to the incoming air. In the case of an automobile, WOT is when the accelerator is depressed fully, sometimes referred to as \"\"flooring it.\"\" In the case of a diesel engine, which does not have a throttle valve, WOT is the point at which the maximum amount of fuel is being injected relative to the amount of air pumped by the engine,",
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"chunk_id": "10803666",
"chunk_text": "\"Tornado Intercept Vehicle\"\nthe original TIV, namely its low ground clearance, lack of four-wheel drive, and low top speed. It is based on a Dodge Ram 3500 that was strengthened and converted to six-wheel drive by adding a third axle. After season two the six-wheel drive system was modified to four-wheel drive. It is powered by a 6.7-liter Cummins turbocharged diesel engine, modified with propane and water injection to produce . This gives TIV 2 an estimated top speed of over . Its fuel capacity is , giving TIV 2 an approximate range of . The body of TIV 2 is constructed of",
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"chunk_id": "19301414",
"chunk_text": "\"Dodge Aspen\"\nA V8 option, with a and of torque, was offered along with overdrive-4 transmission. This was unavailable in California because the engine, which averaged did not meet California fuel economy regulations. In a \"\"Motor Trend\"\" road test, a 360 R/T turned in a standing quarter mile (~400 m) at 17.4 seconds at a speed of . The R/T made a run in 13.8 seconds. The Plymouth version of the car was called the Volaré Road Runner. Station wagons were available in both model lines, all featuring liftgates with fixed rear windows. These models had a cargo volume of and load",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_659
|
when did the movie breakfast club come out?
|
n/a
|
[
"February 15, 1985",
"February 15, 1985",
"1985"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "8844602",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nThe Breakfast Club The Breakfast Club is a 1985 American comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by John Hughes. It stars Emilio Estevez, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald and Ally Sheedy as teenagers from different high school cliques who spend a Saturday in detention with their strict assistant principal (Paul Gleason). The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 7, 1985. Universal Pictures released it in cinemas in the United States on February 15, 1985. It received critical acclaim and earned $51.5 million on a $1 million budget. Critics consider it the greatest high school film of all",
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"page_id": 0
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"chunk_id": "4085334",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nartifacts\"\" and \"\"forgettable instrumentals\"\". The Breakfast Club The Breakfast Club is a 1985 American comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by John Hughes. It stars Emilio Estevez, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald and Ally Sheedy as teenagers from different high school cliques who spend a Saturday in detention with their strict assistant principal (Paul Gleason). The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 7, 1985. Universal Pictures released it in cinemas in the United States on February 15, 1985. It received critical acclaim and earned $51.5 million on a $1 million budget. Critics consider it the greatest high",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "4085327",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nstereotypes are broken down, the characters \"\"empathize with each other's struggles, dismiss some of the inaccuracies of their first impressions, and discover that they are more similar than different\"\". The main adult character, Mr. Vernon, is not portrayed in a positive light. He consistently talks down to the students and flaunts his authority throughout the film. Bender is the only one who stands up to Vernon. The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 7, 1985. Universal Pictures released the film in cinemas on February 15, 1985 in the United States. In 2003, the film was released on DVD as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
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"chunk_id": "8844603",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\ntime, as well as one of Hughes' most memorable and recognizable works. The media referred to the film's five main actors as members of a group called the \"\"Brat Pack\"\". In 2016, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"\". The film was digitally remastered and was re-screened throughout 430 theaters in celebration of its 30th anniversary in 2015. On a Saturday (March 24, 1984) five high school students report for all-day detention. Each comes from a different clique: pampered Claire Standish, state",
"is_relevant": null,
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{
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"chunk_id": "246236",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nFebruary 1985, the film debuted at #3 at the box office (behind blockbuster film \"\"Beverly Hills Cop\"\" and \"\"Witness\"\" starring Harrison Ford). Grossing $45,875,171 domestically and $51,525,171 worldwide, the film is a box office success, given its alleged $1 million budget. Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald, Paul Gleason and Ally Sheedy won a Silver Bucket of Excellence Award at the 2005 MTV Movie Awards in 2005. \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" is known as the \"\"quintessential 1980s film\"\" and is considered as one of the best films of the decade. In 2008, \"\"Empire\"\" magazine ranked it #369 on their \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "8844611",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nschool students, who would be played by younger actors. Principal photography began on March 28, 1984, and ended in May. Filming took place at Maine North High School in Des Plaines, Illinois, which had closed in 1981. The same setting was used for interior scenes of Hughes' 1986 film \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\", which featured exterior shots from nearby Glenbrook North High School. The library at Maine North High School, considered too small for the film, prompted the crew to build the set in the school's gymnasium. The actors rehearsed with each other for three weeks and then shot the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844620",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nto John Hughes—who had died a few months prior—along with other actors who had worked with him, including Jon Cryer from \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\", Matthew Broderick from \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\", and Macaulay Culkin from \"\"Home Alone\"\". The Breakfast Club soundtrack album was released on February 19, 1985 by A&M Records. The album peaked at No. 17 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 album chart. The song \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\" performed by Scottish rock band Simple Minds was released on February 20, 1985 in the United States and on April 8, 1985 in the United Kingdom as a single and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "246235",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nannounced that the film was released in a special edition in January 2018. The film received high critical acclaim. Kathleen Carroll from the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" stated, \"\"Hughes has a wonderful knack for communicating the feelings of teenagers, as well as an obvious rapport with his exceptional cast–who deserve top grades\"\". Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an 88% approval rating based on 60 reviews, with an approval rating of 7.7/10. Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 62% based on 11 reviews from mainstream critics, considered to be \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". In",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844616",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\npart of the \"\"High School Reunion Collection\"\". In 2008, a \"\"Flashback Edition\"\" DVD was released with several special features, including an audio commentary with Anthony Michael Hall and Judd Nelson. A 25th Anniversary Edition Blu-ray was released in 2010, and the same disc was re-released with a DVD and digital copy in 2012 as part of Universal's 100th Anniversary series. On March 10, 2015, the 30th Anniversary Edition was released. This release was digitally remastered and restored from the original 35mm film negatives for better picture quality on DVD, Digital HD and Blu-ray. On October 16, 2017, The Criterion Collection",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844619",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nAwards\"\". For the event, MTV attempted to reunite the original cast. Sheedy, Ringwald, and Hall appeared together on stage, with Kapelos in the audience; Gleason gave the award to his former castmates. Estevez could not attend because of other commitments, and Nelson appeared earlier in the show but left before the on-stage reunion, prompting Hall to joke that the two were \"\"in Africa with Dave Chappelle\"\". Yellowcard performed Simple Minds' anthem for the film, \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me),\"\" at the awards. At the 82nd Academy Awards (March 7, 2010), Sheedy, Hall, Ringwald, and Nelson all appeared in a tribute",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844608",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nand an athlete, and a basket case, a princess, and a criminal.\"\" Molly Ringwald and Anthony Michael Hall both starred in Hughes' 1984 film \"\"Sixteen Candles\"\". Towards the end of filming, Hughes asked them both to be in \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". Hall became the first to be cast, agreeing to the role of Brian Johnson. Ringwald was originally approached to play the character of Allison Reynolds, but she was \"\"really upset\"\" because she wanted to play Claire Standish. She eventually convinced the director and the studio to give her the part. The role of Allison ultimately went to Ally Sheedy.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
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"chunk_id": "14091756",
"chunk_text": "\"Breakfast Club (band)\"\nEmmys. The group signed with ZE Records and released its eponymous album in 1987 on MCA Records, which spawned the U.S. hit \"\"Right On Track.\"\" A majority of their music videos, including \"\"Right on Track,\"\" were filmed by Jeff Stein, director of The Who documentary \"\"The Kids Are Alright\"\". They were nominated in the category of Best New Artist at the Grammy Awards in 1988. Later, Randy Jackson (bass) and E. Doctor Smith (The Drummstick) joined the band. A second album was recorded but never released. The band's last single was a cover of The Beatles' song \"\"Drive My Car\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844612",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nfilm in sequence. On the \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\" DVD commentary (featured on the 2004 DVD version), Hughes revealed that he shot the two films concurrently to save time and money, and some outtakes of both films feature elements of the film crews working on the other film. The first print was 150 minutes in length. During a cast reunion in honor of the film's 25th anniversary, Ally Sheedy revealed that a Director's Cut existed but Hughes' widow did not disclose any details concerning its whereabouts. In 2015 the first draft of the film's script was discovered in a Maine",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "246237",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\n500 Greatest Movies of All Time\"\" list. It then rose 331 places to rank at #38 on their 2014 list. Similarly, \"\"The New York Times\"\" placed the film on its \"\"Best 1000 Movies Ever\"\" list and \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" ranked the film number 1 on its list of the 50 Best High School Movies. In the 2001 parody film \"\"Not Another Teen Movie\"\", Gleason reprised his role as Assistant Principal Vernon in a short scene that parodies \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". In 2005, the film received the Silver Bucket of Excellence Award in honor of its 20th anniversary at the \"\"MTV Movie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9534129",
"chunk_text": "\"Ally Sheedy\"\nAlly Sheedy Alexandra Elizabeth \"\"Ally\"\" Sheedy (born June 13, 1962) is an American actress and author. Following her film debut in 1983's \"\"Bad Boys\"\", she became known as one of the Brat Pack group of actors in the films \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" (1985) and \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\" (1985). She also acted in \"\"WarGames\"\" (1983) and \"\"Short Circuit\"\" (1986). For her performance in Lisa Cholodenko's \"\"High Art\"\" (1998), Sheedy won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. Sheedy was born in New York City and has two siblings, brother Patrick and sister Meghan. Her mother, Charlotte (née Baum), is a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "5561120",
"chunk_text": "\"Breakfast Club (band)\"\nBreakfast Club (band) The Breakfast Club was an American musical group. Their biggest hit single was \"\"Right on Track\"\", which peaked at no. 7 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The song was remixed for a commercial release in a 12\"\" version for dance and club play by John \"\"Jellybean\"\" Benitez and became a top 10 hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Magazine Hot Dance Club Play chart. The group was formed in New York City in 1979 and went through several line-ups, including one in which pop star Madonna was the drummer. In the early 1980s, the band included Madonna,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "14091757",
"chunk_text": "\"Breakfast Club (band)\"\nfor the 1988 film \"\"License to Drive\"\". Shortly afterwards the band broke up; Bray later co-wrote several big hits with Madonna. Dan Gilroy later starred in \"\"Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme\"\" as Gordon Goose and in \"\"Mrs. Piggle-Wiggle\"\" as Pete the Postman. On April 5, 2016, Breakfast Club released a new EP titled \"\"Percolate\"\", which featured songs from the group's unreleased second album. It is the group's first release of new material in almost three decades. Breakfast Club (band) The Breakfast Club was an American musical group. Their biggest hit single was \"\"Right on Track\"\", which peaked at no. 7",
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"page_id": 16
},
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"chunk_id": "15007570",
"chunk_text": "Kettcar\nlaid-back style. Together with Erik Langer (guitar), Frank Tirado-Rosales (percussion, also a former member of \"\"...But Alive\"\") and Marcus' brother Lars Wiebusch (keyboard), they formed Kettcar to experiment with a different sound and address more personal issues in their lyrics. When they failed to find a label for the release of their first album, \"\"Du und wieviel von deinen Freunden\"\" (\"\"\"\"You and how many of your friends\"\"\"\", a quote from the 1985 movie \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\"), Wiebusch and Bustorff banded together with Tomte frontman Thees Uhlmann and formed the independent music label Grand Hotel van Cleef. In early 2002, \"\"Du",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8844621",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nreached No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. In a June 25, 1985 review for \"\"The Village Voice\"\", music critic Robert Christgau gave the album a \"\"D−\"\" and said that it has \"\"utterly negligible\"\" songs, and he commended Simple Minds for trying to distance themselves from their song, \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\", best known for being played during the film's opening and closing credits. In a retrospective review for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine gave the soundtrack three out of five stars and wrote that, apart from Simple Minds' \"\"undisputed masterpiece,\"\" the album is largely \"\"disposable\"\" and marred by \"\"'80s",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
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"chunk_id": "8844609",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nEmilio Estevez originally auditioned for the role of John Bender. However, when Hughes was unable to find someone to play Andrew Clarke, Estevez was recast. Nicolas Cage was considered for the role of John Bender, which was the last role to be cast, though the role was narrowed down to John Cusack and Judd Nelson. Hughes eventually cast Cusack, but decided to replace him with Nelson before shooting began, because Cusack did not look threatening enough for the role. At one point, Hughes was disappointed at Nelson because he stayed in character by harassing Ringwald off-camera, and the other actors",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_id": "258267",
"chunk_text": "\"Simple Minds\"\nSimple Minds Simple Minds are a Scottish rock band. They formed in Glasgow in 1977 and became the most commercially successful Scottish band of the 1980s. They achieved five UK Albums chart number one albums during their career and have sold an estimated 70 million albums. Despite various personnel changes, they continue to record and tour. The band scored a string of hit singles, becoming best known internationally for their 1985 hit \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\", from the soundtrack of the film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". Their other more prominent hits include \"\"Alive and Kicking\"\" and \"\"Belfast Child\"\" (UK #1).",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "18442528",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Michael Hall\"\nAnthony Michael Hall Michael Anthony Hall (born April 14, 1968), known professionally as Anthony Michael Hall, is an American actor who starred in several teen-oriented films of the 1980s. Hall began his career in commercials and on stage as a child, and made his screen debut in 1980. His films with director-screenwriter John Hughes, beginning with the popular 1983 comedy \"\"National Lampoon's Vacation\"\" and the coming-of-age comedy \"\"Sixteen Candles\"\", shaped his early career. Hall's next movies with Hughes were the teen classics \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" and \"\"Weird Science\"\", both in 1985. Hall diversified his roles to avoid becoming typecast as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
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"chunk_id": "9534136",
"chunk_text": "\"Ally Sheedy\"\nbeen sexually inappropriate with her and that Franco was the reason she chose to leave show business. She later took down the tweets. When asked by Seth Meyers, Franco stated that he did not know why Sheedy would have tweeted those accusations. Ally Sheedy Alexandra Elizabeth \"\"Ally\"\" Sheedy (born June 13, 1962) is an American actress and author. Following her film debut in 1983's \"\"Bad Boys\"\", she became known as one of the Brat Pack group of actors in the films \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" (1985) and \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\" (1985). She also acted in \"\"WarGames\"\" (1983) and \"\"Short Circuit\"\" (1986).",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "8844610",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nhad to convince Hughes not to fire him. Rick Moranis was originally cast as the janitor but left due to creative differences and was replaced by John Kapelos. In 1999, Hughes said that his request to direct the film met with resistance and skepticism because he lacked filmmaking experience. Hughes ultimately convinced the film's investors that due to the modest $1 million budget and its single location shoot, he could greatly minimize their risk. Hughes originally thought that \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" would be his directorial debut. Hughes opted for an insular, largely one room set and wrote it about high",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "20480681",
"chunk_text": "\"Fight Club\"\nFight Club Fight Club is a 1999 film based on the 1996 novel by Chuck Palahniuk. It was directed by David Fincher and stars Brad Pitt, Edward Norton, and Helena Bonham Carter. Norton plays the unnamed narrator, who is discontent with his white-collar job. He forms a \"\"fight club\"\" with soap salesman Tyler Durden (Pitt), and becomes embroiled in a relationship with him and a destitute woman, Marla Singer (Bonham Carter). Palahniuk's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin, who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation. Fincher was selected because of his enthusiasm for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18909461",
"chunk_text": "\"The Single Moms Club\"\nThe Single Moms Club The Single Moms Club (also known as Tyler Perry's The Single Moms Club) is a 2014 American comedy-drama film produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The film stars Nia Long, Wendi McLendon-Covey, Zulay Henao, Cocoa Brown, Amy Smart, Terry Crews, and Perry. The film was released on March 14, 2014. After an incident at their children's school, single mothers from different walks of life bond and create a support group to discuss their problems and how they can make them better for them and their children. \"\"The Single Moms Club\"\" began filming on November 26,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "258288",
"chunk_text": "\"Simple Minds\"\nand in support of the Pretenders in the US while Hynde was pregnant with Kerr's daughter. The marriage lasted until 1990. Despite the band's new-found popularity in the UK, Europe, Canada and Australia, Simple Minds remained essentially unknown in the US. The band's UK releases on Arista were not picked up by Arista USA who had 'right of first refusal' for their releases. The 1985 film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" broke Simple Minds into the US market, when the band achieved their only No. 1 U.S. pop hit in April 1985 with the film's closing track, \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "18664296",
"chunk_text": "\"Brat Pack (actors)\"\nas well as other standalone superhero films. Brat Pack (actors) The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented in the 1980s. First mentioned in a 1985 \"\"New York\"\" magazine article, it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985—\"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" and \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\"—although other actors are sometimes included. The \"\"core\"\" members are considered to be Emilio Estevez, Anthony Michael Hall, Rob Lowe, Andrew McCarthy, Demi Moore, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald, and Ally Sheedy. The term \"\"Brat Pack\"\", a play on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16321452",
"chunk_text": "\"Breakfast at Tiffany's (film)\"\nBreakfast at Tiffany's (film) Breakfast at Tiffany's is a 1961 American romantic comedy film directed by Blake Edwards and written by George Axelrod, loosely based on Truman Capote's 1958 novella of the same name. Starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard, and featuring Patricia Neal, Buddy Ebsen, Martin Balsam, and Mickey Rooney, the film was initially released on October 5, 1961 by Paramount Pictures. Hepburn's portrayal of Holly Golightly as the naïve, eccentric socialite is generally considered to be the actress's most memorable and identifiable role. Hepburn regarded it as one of her most challenging roles, since she was an introvert",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16538856",
"chunk_text": "\"Fight Club (novel)\"\nFight Club (novel) Fight Club is a 1996 novel by Chuck Palahniuk. It follows the experiences of an unnamed protagonist struggling with insomnia. Inspired by his doctor's exasperated remark that insomnia is not suffering, the protagonist finds relief by impersonating a seriously ill person in several support groups. Then he meets a mysterious man named Tyler Durden and establishes an underground fighting club as radical psychotherapy. In 1999, director David Fincher adapted the novel into a film of the same name, starring Brad Pitt and Edward Norton. The film acquired a cult following despite underperforming financially. The film's prominence heightened",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "10293515",
"chunk_text": "\"Fight Club\"\nClub\"\" for a screening with senior executives. They did not receive the film positively and were concerned that there would not be an audience for the film. Executive producer Art Linson, who supported the film, recalled the response: \"\"So many incidences of \"\"Fight Club\"\" were alarming, no group of executives could narrow them down.\"\" Nevertheless, \"\"Fight Club\"\" was originally slated to be released in July 1999 but was later changed to August 6, 1999. The studio further delayed the film's release, this time to autumn, citing a crowded summer schedule and a hurried post-production process. Outsiders attributed the delays to",
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"chunk_id": "3841788",
"chunk_text": "\"Brat Pack (actors)\"\nBrat Pack (actors) The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented in the 1980s. First mentioned in a 1985 \"\"New York\"\" magazine article, it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985—\"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" and \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\"—although other actors are sometimes included. The \"\"core\"\" members are considered to be Emilio Estevez, Anthony Michael Hall, Rob Lowe, Andrew McCarthy, Demi Moore, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald, and Ally Sheedy. The term \"\"Brat Pack\"\", a play on the Rat Pack from the 1950s and",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "18909463",
"chunk_text": "\"The Single Moms Club\"\nannounced that the Oprah Winfrey Network ordered a drama series based on film. The show premiered on September 9, 2014. Zulay Henao was the only actress from the movie to reprise her role (Esperanza), which was rebooted for the series. The Single Moms Club The Single Moms Club (also known as Tyler Perry's The Single Moms Club) is a 2014 American comedy-drama film produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The film stars Nia Long, Wendi McLendon-Covey, Zulay Henao, Cocoa Brown, Amy Smart, Terry Crews, and Perry. The film was released on March 14, 2014. After an incident at their",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5211312",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\nwas published on YouTube on 3 December 2010; as of 1 September 2018, it had been viewed almost 108 million times. Don't You (Forget About Me) \"\"Don't You (Forget About Me)\"\" is a 1985 pop rock song performed by Scottish rock band Simple Minds. It was written and composed by producer Keith Forsey and Steve Schiff, a guitarist and songwriter from the Nina Hagen band. The song is best known for being played during the opening (Forsey's demo) and closing (Simple Minds' recording) credits of the John Hughes film \"\"The Breakfast Club.\"\" Forsey asked Cy Curnin from The Fixx, Bryan",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8844613",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nSouth High School cabinet as district employees were moving offices to a new building. The film's poster, featuring the five characters huddled together, was photographed by Annie Leibovitz toward the end of shooting. The shot of five actors gazing at the camera influenced the way teen films were marketed from that point on. The poster refers to the five \"\"types\"\" of the story using slightly different terms than those used in the film, and in a different sequence, stating \"\"They were five total strangers with nothing in common, meeting for the first time. A brain, a beauty, a jock, a",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_id": "246233",
"chunk_text": "\"The Breakfast Club\"\nrebel and a recluse\"\". The main theme of the film is the constant struggle of the American teenager to be understood, by adults and by themselves. It explores the pressure put on teenagers to fit into their own realms of high school social constructs, as well as the lofty expectations of their parents, teachers, and other authority figures. On the surface, the students have little in common with each other. However, as the day rolls on, they eventually bond over a common disdain for the aforementioned issues of peer pressure and parental expectations. Stereotyping is another theme. Once the obvious",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15696848",
"chunk_text": "\"Generation X\"\ncreated a series of classic films with Gen X characters which \"\"an entire generation took ownership of,\"\" including \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", \"\"Sixteen Candles\"\", \"\"Weird Science\"\" and \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\". Studies done by the Pew Charitable Trusts, the American Enterprise Institute, the Brookings Institution, the Heritage Foundation and the Urban Institute challenged the notion that each generation will be better off than the one that preceded it. A report titled \"\"Economic Mobility: Is the American Dream Alive and Well?\"\" focused on the income of males 30–39 in 2004 (those born April 1964March 1974). The study was released on May 25,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8622867",
"chunk_text": "\"That Was Then... This Is Now\"\nthe film during the making of \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". \"\"I'd go to work at 7 in the morning, come back at 7 at night and then write - sometimes until 5 in the morning - then get two hours sleep and do it all again. It was intense.\"\" Estevez described the book as \"\"a very intense, dark piece. It's kind of like the old Pat O'Brien-Jimmy Cagney movies where O'Brien becomes the priest and Cagney becomes the gangster.\"\" Estevez, against his father's suggestion, decided to tackle the Cagney-type role. \"\"I told him I wanted to play the villain and he",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "571177",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't You Forget About Me (film)\"\nDon't You Forget About Me (film) Don't You Forget About Me is a 2009 Canadian documentary film about screenwriter, director, and producer John Hughes. Directed by Matt Austin, the film was named after the 1985 hit song by Simple Minds, which in turn was the theme song for Hughes' film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". The film specifically focused on Hughes' fade from prominence in the early 1990s. The documentary details the journey of a group of young filmmakers who go in search of the reclusive icon, documenting their search through interviews of the people with whom Hughes had worked and fans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "571179",
"chunk_text": "\"Don't You Forget About Me (film)\"\nas well. Don't You Forget About Me (film) Don't You Forget About Me is a 2009 Canadian documentary film about screenwriter, director, and producer John Hughes. Directed by Matt Austin, the film was named after the 1985 hit song by Simple Minds, which in turn was the theme song for Hughes' film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\". The film specifically focused on Hughes' fade from prominence in the early 1990s. The documentary details the journey of a group of young filmmakers who go in search of the reclusive icon, documenting their search through interviews of the people with whom Hughes had worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15397152",
"chunk_text": "\"Des Plaines, Illinois\"\nin Des Plaines include: Interstate Highways US Highways Illinois Highways The largest employers in the city area: China Airlines maintains their Chicago office in Des Plaines. It was previously located in Michigan Plaza in the Chicago Loop. \"\"College campuses\"\" include: \"\"Public school districts\"\" include: \"\"Private schools\"\" include: Des Plaines is featured in the \"\"Left Behind\"\" series of novels as well as an \"\"American Girl\"\" book. The majority of the hit 1985 film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" was filmed at the now-defunct Maine North High School located in unincorporated Des Plaines. Des Plaines, Illinois Des Plaines is a city in Cook County,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8877260",
"chunk_text": "\"Mr. Mom\"\nwho felt the film's ending was misogynistic. The film opened to limited release on July 22, 1983, with $947,197, earning the number 13 spot that weekend. Upon its wide release on August 19, 1983, a month later, it opened at number 3 with $4,279,384 behind \"\"Easy Money\"\"s opening weekend and \"\"Risky Business\"\" third. \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" ended up earning $64 million domestically. Its success led Universal to sign a three-picture deal with Hughes for $30 million. (Those 3 films he would later release for the studio were \"\"Sixteen Candles\"\", \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", and \"\"Weird Science\"\".) Mr. Mom Mr. Mom is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10105921",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Gleason\"\nScott, \"\"Character Kings: Hollywood's Familiar Faces Discuss the Art & Business of Acting.\"\" BearManor Media, 2009. . Paul Gleason Paul Xavier Gleason (May 4, 1939 – May 27, 2006) was an American film and television actor, known for his roles on television series such as \"\"All My Children\"\" and films such as \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", \"\"Trading Places\"\", and \"\"Die Hard\"\". Gleason was born on May 4, 1939 in Jersey City, New Jersey, the son of Eleanor (née Doyle), a registered nurse, and George L. Gleason, a restaurateur, professional boxer, iron worker, and roofing manufacturer. Gleason was raised in Miami Beach,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "493301",
"chunk_text": "\"Teen film\"\nalong with Robert Mulligan invented the genre with \"\"Summer of '42\"\", and Raucher continued the trend by writing \"\"Class of '44\"\". George Lucas has been credited for perfecting the genre by writing and directing the 1973 film \"\"American Graffiti\"\". The genre gained more credibility during the 1980s with the appearance of writer and director John Hughes. His legacy of teen films, including \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\", and many more, proved to be popular not only with audiences but also with critics. One of the faces of the rise in independent film productions in the 1990s was Gregg",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20828864",
"chunk_text": "\"John Hughes (filmmaker)\"\nreleased in 1984 due in no small part to its more honest depiction of upper middle class high school life in stark contrast to the \"\"Porky's\"\"-inspired comedies made at the time. It was the first in a string of efforts set in or around high school, including \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\", \"\"Weird Science\"\", \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\" (see also Brat Pack) and \"\"Some Kind of Wonderful\"\". To avoid being pigeonholed as a maker of teen comedies, Hughes branched out in 1987 by directing the smash hit \"\"Planes, Trains and Automobiles\"\" starring Steve Martin and John Candy. His later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11587377",
"chunk_text": "\"Midnight movie\"\nHughes oeuvre—\"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" (1985), \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\" (1986), and \"\"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\"\" (1986)—and the preteen adventure film \"\"The Goonies\"\" (1985). As of late 2006, \"\"Rocky Horror\"\" itself continues to play on a weekly basis at thirty-two venues around the country, and at least once a month at about two dozen others. Two popular midnight movies made during the phenomenon's heyday have been selected to the National Film Registry: \"\"Eraserhead\"\" (inducted 2004) and \"\"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\"\" (inducted 2005). Midnight movie staples \"\"Freaks\"\" (1932) and \"\"Night of the Living Dead\"\" (1968) were inducted in 1994 and 1997 respectively.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15160685",
"chunk_text": "\"Michelle Manning\"\nMichelle Manning Michelle Manning is an American film director, producer and television director. Manning attended USC Film School. She began her career working with John Hughes, producing the films \"\"Sixteen Candles\"\" (1984) and \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" (1985). In 1986, she made her directorial debut with the film \"\"Blue City\"\" based on the Ross Macdonald novel of the same name. The film starred Judd Nelson and Ally Sheedy and remains the only film she has directed to date. In addition, she also directed episodes of \"\"\"\" and \"\"Miami Vice\"\". In 1991, Manning began working for Paramount Pictures as senior vice president",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7726414",
"chunk_text": "\"Don McNeill's Breakfast Club\"\nABC in a 30-minute version, Wednesdays from 9pm to 9:30pm ET. Beginning on February 22, 1954, and ending on February 25, 1955, \"\"Don McNeill's Breakfast Club\"\" was simulcast in its regular morning slot on ABC Radio and ABC Television. However, it failed to make a successful transition to television in either version. On May 12, 1948, the program was shown on the DuMont television station WABD in New York, \"\"simulcast\"\" with the ABC radio show, as an experiment. At least two kinescope recordings survive of these telecasts, including a February 17, 1954 \"\"test kinescope,\"\" produced a week before the regular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10676824",
"chunk_text": "\"Glenbrook North High School\"\nof Illinois to receive the United States Office of Education Excellence in Education Award from President Ronald Reagan. In 2008, GBN was selected again for the nation’s top distinction as a Blue Ribbon School. Glenbrook North alumnus John Hughes' 1985 film \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" featured a group of kids from \"\"Shermer, Illinois 60062.\"\" Shermerville was the original name of the town of Northbrook, where GBN is located, and 60062 is the town's zip code. The movie features the clash between what were known during the 1980s as the 'sporto' versus 'freak' cultures at GBN. Some interior scenes of \"\"The Breakfast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18442535",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Michael Hall\"\nmaterials, along with co-star Ringwald. Reviews of the film were positive for Hall and his co-stars, and one for \"\"People Weekly\"\" even claimed that Hall's performance \"\"[pilfered] the film\"\" from Ringwald. Despite achieving only moderate success at the box office, the film made overnight stars of Ringwald and Hall. In 1985, Hall starred in two teen-oriented films written and directed by John Hughes. He was cast as Brian Johnson, \"\"the brain,\"\" in \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\", co-starring Emilio Estevez, Judd Nelson, Ally Sheedy, and Molly Ringwald. Film critic Janet Maslin praised Hall, stating that the 16-year-old actor and Ringwald were \"\"the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_660
|
who is the king and queen of the netherlands?
|
n/a
|
[
"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands",
"King Willem-Alexander"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18232864",
"chunk_text": "\"Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands\"\nWillem-Alexander of the Netherlands Willem-Alexander (; born Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand, 27 April 1967) is the King of the Netherlands, having ascended the throne following his mother's abdication in 2013. Willem-Alexander was born in Utrecht as the oldest child of Princess Beatrix and diplomat Claus van Amsberg. He became Prince of Orange as heir apparent upon his mother's accession as queen on 30 April 1980, and succeeded her following her abdication on 30 April 2013. He went to public primary and secondary schools, served in the Royal Netherlands Navy, and studied history at Leiden University. He married Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501742",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\nthe Netherlands. On 28 January 2013, the Queen announced that she would be abdicating on 30 April 2013 in favour of her eldest son. The current monarch is King Willem-Alexander (born 1967), who has been on the Throne since 30 April 2013. He studied history at the University of Leiden and became actively involved in water management. His wife is Queen Máxima (née Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti), an economics major, whose father was a minister of agriculture in the dictatorial regime under General Videla in Argentina. Because of that their relationship was accompanied by fierce public debate and only officially sanctioned",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18232886",
"chunk_text": "\"Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands\"\nSettlement, King Willem-Alexander temporarily forfeited his (distant) succession rights to the throne of the United Kingdom by marrying a Roman Catholic. This right has since been restored in 2015 under the Succession to the Crown Act 2013. Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands Willem-Alexander (; born Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand, 27 April 1967) is the King of the Netherlands, having ascended the throne following his mother's abdication in 2013. Willem-Alexander was born in Utrecht as the oldest child of Princess Beatrix and diplomat Claus van Amsberg. He became Prince of Orange as heir apparent upon his mother's accession as queen on 30",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19490169",
"chunk_text": "\"Beatrix of the Netherlands\"\nBeatrix of the Netherlands Beatrix of the Netherlands (Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard, ; born 31 January 1938) is a member of the Dutch royal family who reigned as Queen of the Netherlands from 30 April 1980 until her abdication on 30 April 2013. Beatrix is the eldest daughter of Queen Juliana and her husband, Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. Upon her mother's accession in 1948, she became heir presumptive. Beatrix attended a public primary school in Canada during World War II, and then finished her primary and secondary education in the Netherlands in the post-war period. In 1961, she received her law",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501729",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\n1839) while at the same time a member state of the German Confederation. It became fully independent in 1839, but remained in a personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands until 1890. Abdication of the throne has become a de facto tradition in the Dutch monarchy. Queen Wilhelmina and Queen Juliana both abdicated in favour of their daughters and William I abdicated in favor of his eldest son, William II. The only Dutch monarchs to die on the throne were William II and William III. On April 30, 2013 Queen Beatrix, abdicated in favour of Crown Prince Willem-Alexander. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18296997",
"chunk_text": "\"Politics of the Netherlands\"\nfall of Napoleon Bonaparte. The House of Orange-Nassau were given the present day Netherlands and Belgium to govern as the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Between 1815 and 1890, the King of the Netherlands was also Grand Duke of Luxembourg. The current monarch is Willem-Alexander. The heir apparent is the Princess of Orange, Catharina-Amalia. Constitutionally, the monarch is head of state and has a role in the formation of government and in the legislative process. He has to co-sign every law to make it valid. The monarch is also \"\"ex officio\"\" chair of the Council of State, which advises the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20147023",
"chunk_text": "\"Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands\"\nHis godparents are Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld, Gösta Freiin von dem Bussche-Haddenhausen, Ferdinand von Bismarck, former Prime Minister Jelle Zijlstra, Jonkvrouw Renée Röell, and Queen Margrethe II of Denmark. He had two younger brothers: Prince Friso (1968–2013) and Prince Constantijn (born in 1969). He lived with his family at the castle Drakensteyn in the hamlet Lage Vuursche near Baarn from his birth until 1981, when they moved to the larger palace Huis ten Bosch in The Hague. His mother Beatrix became Queen of the Netherlands in 1980, after his grandmother Juliana abdicated. He then received the title of Prince of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987893",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilhelmina of the Netherlands\"\nWilhelmina of the Netherlands Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 until her abdication in 1948. Wilhelmina was the only child of King William III and his second wife Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont. At the age of four she became heir presumptive to the Dutch throne after her half brother and great uncle died. She became Queen when her father died, when she was 10 years old. As she was still a minor, her mother served as regent until she turned 18 years old. In 1901,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11721140",
"chunk_text": "\"Crown of the Netherlands\"\nCrown of the Netherlands The current Crown of the Netherlands is of relatively modern origin. In 1813 the new \"\"Sovereign Ruler\"\" of the Netherlands, Prince Willem of Orange, son and heir of the exiled Stadtholder Willem V of Orange, was sworn in as Dutch monarch in Amsterdam. There was no crown present at the ceremony. When, in 1815, Willem was proclaimed \"\"King of the Netherlands\"\" in Brussels, he was not crowned but there was a crown present during his inauguration, a huge and unusable construction of gilded copper, pearls made of pasted fishskin and coloured glass. The four holes in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501744",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\nApril 2013. On that day, Willem-Alexander became the new King and was sworn in and inaugurated in the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam, in a session of the States-General. The heir apparent to the Dutch throne is Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange. Most members of the Dutch royal family, in addition to other titles hold (or held) the princely title Prince of Orange-Nassau. The children of Prince Friso and Prince Constantijn are instead counts and countesses of Orange-Nassau. In addition to the titles King/Prince of the Netherlands and Prince of Orange-Nassau, daughters of Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld hold another",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501662",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\na prerogative of the monarch, but it is also irreversible—the person abdicating cannot return to the throne, nor can a child born to a former monarch after an abdication has occurred have a claim to the throne. The abdicated monarch is legally a Prince or Princess of the Netherlands as well as Prince or Princess of Orange-Nassau. After his or her death, legally the deceased monarch (abdicated or not) has no titles. However, after death, the abdicated monarch is traditionally referred to as king or queen again. For example, Queen Juliana became queen on 4 September 1948 and princess again",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987924",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilhelmina of the Netherlands\"\ndifferent article and cartoon in \"\"De Roode Duivel\"\", mocking the two queens. Wilhelmina of the Netherlands Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 until her abdication in 1948. Wilhelmina was the only child of King William III and his second wife Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont. At the age of four she became heir presumptive to the Dutch throne after her half brother and great uncle died. She became Queen when her father died, when she was 10 years old. As she was still a minor, her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20147077",
"chunk_text": "\"Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands\"\nPrince Constantijn of the Netherlands Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands (\"\"Constantijn Christof Frederik Aschwin\"\"; born 11 October 1969) is the third and youngest son of the former Dutch queen, Beatrix, and her husband, Claus von Amsberg, and is the younger brother of the reigning Dutch king, Willem-Alexander. He is a member of the Dutch Royal House of Orange-Nassau and currently fourth in the line of succession to the Dutch throne. Prince Constantijn was born on 11 October 1969 at (now the University Medical Center Utrecht) in Utrecht, following the births of his brothers, Willem-Alexander (born in 1967), and Johan Friso",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7350533",
"chunk_text": "\"Inauguration of Willem-Alexander\"\nInauguration of Willem-Alexander The inauguration of Willem-Alexander as the new monarch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands took place on 30 April 2013. Queen Beatrix announced on 28 January 2013 that she would abdicate in favor of her eldest son, Willem-Alexander. He is the first King of the Netherlands since the death of his great-great-grandfather King William III in 1890. On 28 January 2013, three days before her 75th birthday, Queen Beatrix announced on a televised speech that she would abdicate, ending a reign of 33 years. Abdication is not uncommon in Dutch royalty. Both Queen Juliana, her mother, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501736",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\nher maternal granduncle), Adolf, former Duke of Nassau. Thus ended the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The 58-year reign of Queen Wilhelmina was dominated by the two World Wars. She married a German prince, Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who was not happy with his unrewarding role of husband-to-the-queen. Wilhelmina's strong personality and unrelenting passion to fulfill her inherited task overpowered many men in position of authority, including ministers, Prime Ministers and her own husband. She is mostly remembered for her role during World War II. The initial disappointment of many Dutch people because of her quick withdrawal to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7202570",
"chunk_text": "\"Beatrix of the Netherlands\"\neldest son, Willem-Alexander, and resumed the title of princess. At the time of her abdication at age 75, Beatrix was the oldest reigning monarch in the country's history. Beatrix was born \"\"Princess Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau, Princess of Lippe-Biesterfeld\"\", on 31 January 1938 at the Soestdijk Palace in Baarn, Netherlands. She is the first child of Princess Juliana of the Netherlands and German aristocrat Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. Beatrix was baptized on 12 May 1938 in the Great Church in The Hague. Her five godparents were King Leopold III of Belgium; Princess Alice, Countess of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7202531",
"chunk_text": "\"Juliana of the Netherlands\"\nJuliana of the Netherlands Juliana (; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 until her abdication in 1980. Juliana was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry. From birth she was heir presumptive to the Dutch throne. She was educated privately. In 1937, she married Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld with whom she had four children: Beatrix, Irene, Margriet, and Christina. She reigned for nearly 32 years. Her reign saw the decolonization of Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and Suriname and their independence from the Kingdom of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18232926",
"chunk_text": "\"Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands\"\nLaurentien ceased to be members of the Royal House, although they continue to be members of the royal family and remain in the line of succession. Constantijn's full title and style is: \"\"His Royal Highness\"\" Prince Constantijn Christof Frederik Aschwin of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau, Jonkheer van Amsberg. Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands (\"\"Constantijn Christof Frederik Aschwin\"\"; born 11 October 1969) is the third and youngest son of the former Dutch queen, Beatrix, and her husband, Claus von Amsberg, and is the younger brother of the reigning Dutch king, Willem-Alexander. He is a member",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13623307",
"chunk_text": "\"Crown of the Netherlands\"\nexhibition in 1990. Crown of the Netherlands The current Crown of the Netherlands is of relatively modern origin. In 1813 the new \"\"Sovereign Ruler\"\" of the Netherlands, Prince Willem of Orange, son and heir of the exiled Stadtholder Willem V of Orange, was sworn in as Dutch monarch in Amsterdam. There was no crown present at the ceremony. When, in 1815, Willem was proclaimed \"\"King of the Netherlands\"\" in Brussels, he was not crowned but there was a crown present during his inauguration, a huge and unusable construction of gilded copper, pearls made of pasted fishskin and coloured glass. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3554427",
"chunk_text": "\"Kingdom of the Netherlands\"\nKingdom of the Netherlands The Kingdom of the Netherlands (; ), commonly known as the Netherlands, is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with the large majority of its territory in Western Europe and with several small island territories in the Caribbean Sea, in the West Indies islands (Leeward Islands and Lesser Antilles). The four parts of the kingdom—the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten—are constituent countries (\"\"landen\"\" in Dutch) and participate on a basis of equality as partners in the kingdom. In practice, however, most of the kingdom's affairs are administered by the Netherlands—which comprises roughly 98% of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17332535",
"chunk_text": "\"Belgium–Netherlands relations\"\nto host the 2018 World Cup football. The Duke of Brabant was invited to attend the inauguration of King Willem Alexander and Queen mathilde is a godmother of Princess Alexia of the Netherlands. Queen Beatrix attended the state Funerals of King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola. Queen Juliana attended the Wedding of King Baudoin and Queen Fabiola in 1960. Belgium–Netherlands relations Belgian–Dutch relations refer to interstate relations between the Belgium and the Netherlands. It can be seen as one of the closest international relationships in existence, marked by shared history, culture, institutions and language, extensive people-to-people links, aligned security interests, sporting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8585586",
"chunk_text": "\"Huis ten Bosch palace\"\nHuis ten Bosch palace Huis ten Bosch (, ; English: \"\"House in the Woods palace\"\") is a royal palace in The Hague in the Netherlands. It is one of three official residences of the Dutch Royal Family; the two others are the Noordeinde Palace in The Hague and the Royal Palace in Amsterdam. Huis ten Bosch was the home of former Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands from 1981 to 2014; the current King Willem-Alexander and his family have announced plans to move into the palace in the near future. A replica of the palace was built in Sasebo, Japan, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987811",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands\"\nQueen Máxima of the Netherlands Queen Máxima of the Netherlands (born Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti; 17 May 1971) is the wife of King Willem-Alexander. On 30 April 2013, she became the first queen consort of the Netherlands since Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont (queen consort from 1879 to 1890) and the first Latin American-born queen consort in the history of the Netherlands. Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on 17 May 1971. Queen Máxima is the daughter of Jorge Zorreguieta (1928–2017), Secretary of Agriculture under General Jorge Rafael Videla during Argentina's last civil-military dictatorship (1976–1983), and his second",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9423872",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Mabel of Orange-Nassau\"\ncreated a princess, but it is customary for wives and widows of members of the royal family to take the titles of their husbands. It was decided that their children each would receive the titles of Count or Countess of Orange-Nassau and \"\"Jonkheer\"\" or \"\"Jonkvrouw van Amsberg\"\". Princess Mabel of Orange-Nassau Princess Mabel of Orange-Nassau, better known as Mabel van Oranje and also as Mabel of Orange (Dutch: Prinses Mabel van Oranje-Nassau; formerly Mabel Martine Wisse Smit, born Mabel Martine Los, 11 August 1968), is the widow of Prince Friso and sister-in-law of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands. She is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12815603",
"chunk_text": "\"Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange\"\nCatharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange (; \"\"Catharina-Amalia Beatrix Carmen Victoria\"\"; born 7 December 2003), is the heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, consisting of the countries of the Netherlands, Curaçao, Aruba, and Sint Maarten. Princess Catharina-Amalia is the eldest child of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima. She became heir apparent when her father ascended the throne on 30 April 2013. Princess Catharina-Amalia Beatrix Carmen Victoria was born at 17:01 CET on 7 December 2003 in the HMC Bronovo in The Hague, the first child of the then Prince Willem-Alexander and Princess Máxima.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15209619",
"chunk_text": "Netherlands\nmonarch is the head of state, at present King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands. Constitutionally, the position is equipped with limited powers. By law, the King has the right to be periodically briefed and consulted on government affairs. Depending on the personalities and relationships of the King and the ministers, the monarch might have influence beyond the power granted by the Constitution of the Netherlands. The executive power is formed by the Council of Ministers, the deliberative organ of the Dutch cabinet. The cabinet usually consists of 13 to 16 ministers and a varying number of state secretaries. One to three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501743",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\nafter quiet diplomacy, resulting in Máxima's father agreeing not to be present on their wedding day (2 February 2002). Former minister Max van der Stoel and Prime Minister Wim Kok seem to have played a crucial role in this process. On 7 December 2003 Princess Máxima gave birth to a daughter: Princess Catharina-Amalia. On 26 June 2005 another daughter was born: Princess Alexia. On 10 April 2007 a third daughter was born, Princess Ariane. They are first, second and third in line to the Dutch throne. His mother, Princess Beatrix announced that she would be abdicating the Throne on 30",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20006318",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada–Netherlands relations\"\nculminating in the Canadian Tulip Festival. In May 1967, Queen Juliana of the Netherlands visited Canada. From 9–17 May 1988 Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and Prince Claus of the Netherlands visited Canada. King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima paid a widely publicized state visit to Canada from 27–29 May 2015, receiving an extremely warm welcome, particularly in Ontario. Canada and the Netherlands have worked very closely together on many foreign issues. They are both members of the United Nations (and its Specialized Agencies), the World Trade Organization, Interpol, they are both founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20471700",
"chunk_text": "\"Louise of the Netherlands\"\nLouise of the Netherlands Louise of the Netherlands (Wilhelmina Frederika Alexandrine Anna Louise; 5 August 1828 – 30 March 1871) was the Queen of Sweden and Norway as spouse of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway. Princess Louise was born on 5 August 1828 in The Hague. Her father was Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, the second child of King William I of the Netherlands and Wilhelmina of Prussia. Her mother Louise was the eighth child of King Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Her education was to large extent entrusted to her Belgian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987828",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands\"\ndebate over her future title and style. On 28 January 2013, it was announced that Queen Beatrix would abdicate on 30 April in favour of Willem-Alexander. Máxima is the Kingdom's first queen consort since Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, the second wife of William III. She is the first Dutch queen consort to have been born as a commoner, and the first to have been born outside Europe. Queen Máxima of the Netherlands Queen Máxima of the Netherlands (born Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti; 17 May 1971) is the wife of King Willem-Alexander. On 30 April 2013, she became the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18442634",
"chunk_text": "\"Constitution of the Netherlands\"\nparagraph is dedicated to the King in this quality. Article 24 stipulates that there is kingship and that this kingship is held by William I of the Netherlands and his lawful successors. Articles 25 and 26 regulate the line of succession to the Dutch throne; since 1983 female successors have equal rights to the throne. Further articles regulate abdication (Article 27); parliamentary approval of royal marriage on penalty of loss of the right to the throne (Art. 28); the exclusion of unfit possible heirs (Art. 29); appointment of a successor if heirs are absent (Art. 30 and 31); the oath",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501697",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\nare not allowed to work for anybody due to their positions. For example, the recipients of royal stipends in 2009 were Queen Beatrix (€813,000), Prince Willem-Alexander (the heir-apparent; €241,000) and Princess Máxima (wife of Prince Willem-Alexander; €241,000)). For 2017 the stipends were; for the King €888,000, for Queen Maxima €352,000 and for Princess Beatrix (former Queen) €502,000. These personal stipends are in addition to an allowance for each of those named to meet official expenditure, these were set at €4.6million for the King, €606,000 for Queen Maxima and just over €1million for Princess Beatrix. This stipend is linked to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14918560",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Netherlands\"\nQueen Wilhelmina (1880-1962). She would rule the Netherlands for 58 years. On her accession to the throne, the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg ended because Luxembourg law excluded women from rule. Her remote cousin Adolphe became the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. This was a time of further growth and colonial development, but it was marked by the difficulties of the World War I (in which the Netherlands was neutral) and the Great Depression. The Dutch population grew rapidly in the 20th century, as death rates fell, more lands were opened up, and industrialisation created urban jobs. Between 1900",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2990840",
"chunk_text": "Koningsdag\nover the years on \"\"Koninginnedag\"\": On 28 January 2013 Queen Beatrix announced her abdication on 30 April 2013 in favour of her son, Willem-Alexander. Since this date coincided with \"\"Koninginnedag\"\" the royal family's planned visit to De Rijp and Amstelveen was cancelled, although \"\"Koninginnedag\"\" 2013 was still celebrated throughout the country. On 30 April 2013, Queen's Day, Willem-Alexander succeeded his mother Beatrix and became the first King of the Netherlands in 123 years. Consequently, from 2014 onwards the name has been changed from Queen's Day to King's Day. The date has also changed from 30 to 27 April, which is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1740775",
"chunk_text": "\"William III of the Netherlands\"\nWilliam III of the Netherlands William III (Dutch: \"\"Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk\"\"; English: \"\"William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis\"\"; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866. William was the son of King William II and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. On the abdication of his grandfather William I in 1840, he became the Prince of Orange. On the death of his father in 1849, he succeeded as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12592031",
"chunk_text": "\"Princess Margriet of the Netherlands\"\nPrincess Margriet of the Netherlands Princess Margriet of the Netherlands (Margriet Francisca; born 19 January 1943) is the third daughter of Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard. As an aunt of the reigning monarch, King Willem-Alexander, she is a member of the Dutch Royal House and currently eighth and last in the line of succession to the throne. Princess Margriet has often represented the monarch at official or semi-official events. Some of these functions have taken her back to Canada, the country where she was born \"\"de facto\"\", and to events organised by the Dutch merchant navy of which she is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20693980",
"chunk_text": "\"Prince Claus of the Netherlands\"\nPrince Claus of the Netherlands Prince Claus of the Netherlands, Jonkheer van Amsberg (German: \"\"Klaus-Georg Wilhelm Otto Friedrich Gerd von Amsberg\"\"; 6 September 1926 – 6 October 2002), was the husband of Queen Beatrix, and the Prince Consort of the Netherlands from Beatrix's ascension in 1980 until his death from Parkinson's disease and heart and respiratory ailments in 2002. Claus was born Klaus-Georg Wilhelm Otto Friedrich Gerd von Amsberg, on his family's estate, Schloss Dötzingen, near Hitzacker, Germany on 6 September 1926. His parents were Claus Felix von Amsberg and Baroness Gösta von dem Bussche-Haddenhausen. His father, a member of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13721544",
"chunk_text": "Allochtoon\nthose from Suriname immigrated when that country was still part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This definition coincided better with the popular conception of the word as signifying people of low socio-economic status who are \"\"different from us\"\". Although some viewed the usage of \"\"allochtoon\"\" as a stigma, several members of the Dutch Royal Family were officially \"\"allochtoon\"\" people, as one of the parents was foreign-born. This included 'western-allochtoon' current monarch Willem Alexander, as well as his 'non-western allochtoon' wife Queen Máxima of the Netherlands and their children. As of November 1, 2016, the Statistics Netherlands stopped using the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13986805",
"chunk_text": "Netherlands\nthe Netherlands a unitary state on 19 January 1795. The stadtholder William V of Orange had fled to England. But from 1806 to 1810, the Kingdom of Holland was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom governed by his brother Louis Bonaparte to control the Netherlands more effectively. However, King Louis Bonaparte tried to serve Dutch interests instead of his brother's, and he was forced to abdicate on 1 July 1810. The Emperor sent in an army and the Netherlands became part of the French Empire until the autumn of 1813, when Napoleon was defeated in the Battle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3363886",
"chunk_text": "\"Kneuterdijk Palace\"\nKneuterdijk Palace Kneuterdijk Palace ( ) is a former royal palace of the Netherlands located in The Hague, nowadays the seat of the Council of State. Built in 1716 in the Louis XIV style by architect Daniel Marot, it was commissioned by Count Johan Hendrik of Wassenaer-Obdam, member of the House of Wassenaer. The palace served as a residence for King William II of the Netherlands and his wife Queen Anna Paulowna in the first half of the 19th century, when he was still the crown prince. William II added several buildings designed in the English Tudor style, of which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6501655",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchy of the Netherlands\"\ndescribed in the first section of Chapter 2 of the constitution, which is dedicated to the government of the Netherlands. The monarchy of the Netherlands passes by right of succession to the heirs of William I. The heir is determined through two mechanisms: absolute cognatic primogeniture and proximity of blood. The Netherlands established absolute cognatic primogeniture instead of male preference primogeniture by law in 1983. Proximity of blood limits accession to the throne to a person who is related to the current monarch within three degrees of kinship. For example, the grandchildren of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands (sister of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19490190",
"chunk_text": "\"Beatrix of the Netherlands\"\ntold police he was deliberately targeting the royal family. In a broadcast on national media on 28 January 2013, Beatrix announced her intention to abdicate on 30 April (Queen's Day), when she would have been on the throne for exactly 33 years. Beatrix stated that it was time to \"\"place the responsibility for the country in the hands of a new generation.\"\" Her heir apparent was her eldest son, Prince Willem-Alexander. She was the third successive Dutch monarch to abdicate, following her grandmother and her mother. The broadcast was followed by a statement from Prime Minister Mark Rutte who paid",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6247458",
"chunk_text": "\"Kingdom of the Netherlands\"\nthe Kingdom act () and the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom (). An example of a Kingdom act is the \"\"Kingdom Act regarding Dutch citizenship\"\" (). The Monarch of the Netherlands is the head of state of the Kingdom. The Monarch is represented in Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten by a governor. The legislature of the Kingdom consists of the States General of the Netherlands and the Government. Articles 14, 16 and 17 of the Charter give some participation to the parliaments of the Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten. Article 13 of the Charter specifies that there is a Council of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987818",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands\"\ndebated for several months. The couple announced their engagement on 30 March 2001; Máxima addressed the nation in Dutch (which at the time she only spoke to basic conversational extent) during the live televised broadcast. Máxima was granted Dutch citizenship by Royal Decree on 17 May 2001 and now has dual citizenship: Argentine and Dutch. The engagement was formally approved by the States General later that year—a necessary step for Willem-Alexander to remain heir to the throne. Máxima and Willem-Alexander were married on 2 February 2002 in a civil ceremony in the Beurs van Berlage, Amsterdam, which was then followed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8440346",
"chunk_text": "\"Wilhelmine of Prussia, Queen of the Netherlands\"\nof art and regarded as a talented dilettante, ultimately being inducted as an honorary member to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. Beginning in 1820, her health worsened, and after 1829, she was rarely seen in public. She died at Noordeinde Palace in The Hague in 1837, aged 62, and is entombed in the New Church in Delft. Wilhelmine of Prussia, Queen of the Netherlands Friederike Luise Wilhelmine of Prussia (18 November 1774 – 12 October 1837) was the first wife of King William I of the Netherlands and so the first Queen of the Netherlands. Princess Wilhelmine was born",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2990826",
"chunk_text": "Koningsdag\nKoningsdag Koningsdag () or King's Day is a national holiday in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Celebrated on 27 April (26 April if the 27th is a Sunday), the date marks the birth of King Willem-Alexander. Until the abdication of Queen Beatrix in 2013, the holiday was known as Koninginnedag () or Queen's Day and was celebrated on 30 April. The holiday was initially observed on 31 August 1885 as \"\"Prinsessedag\"\" or Princess's Day, the fifth birthday of Princess Wilhelmina, then heir presumptive to the Dutch throne. On her accession in November 1890 the holiday acquired the name \"\"Koninginnedag\"\", first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18987827",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Máxima of the Netherlands\"\n2009, was a member of UN Advisors Group on Inclusive Financial Sectors. By a decree issued on 25 January 2002, upon the solemnization of marriage, Máxima Zorreguieta was granted the titles \"\"Princess of the Netherlands\"\" and \"\"Princess of Orange-Nassau\"\", and the style \"\"Royal Highness\"\" was formally conferred upon her. She also became \"\"mevrouw van Amsberg (Mrs. van Amsberg)\"\". Another decree issued on the same day also granted her own personal coat of arms and a personal standard. On 13 May 2011, the Dutch parliament confirmed that Máxima would become queen consort of the Netherlands upon her husband's accession, after a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15565039",
"chunk_text": "\"Monarchies in Europe\"\nhereditary role and thus a monarchy (though maintaining republican pretense) under Prince William IV. His son, Prince William V, was the last \"\"stadtholder\"\" of the republic, whose own son, King William I, became the first king of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, which was established on 16 March 1815 after the Napoleonic Wars. With the independence of Belgium on 21 July 1831, the Netherlands formally became the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The current monarch is Willem-Alexander. Norway was united and independent for the first time in 872, as a kingdom. It is thus one of the oldest monarchies in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20471722",
"chunk_text": "\"Louise of the Netherlands\"\nmother Josephine reportedly fainted because they were so moved. Louise died on 30 March 1871. Louisa and Charles had two children together: Louise of the Netherlands Louise of the Netherlands (Wilhelmina Frederika Alexandrine Anna Louise; 5 August 1828 – 30 March 1871) was the Queen of Sweden and Norway as spouse of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway. Princess Louise was born on 5 August 1828 in The Hague. Her father was Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, the second child of King William I of the Netherlands and Wilhelmina of Prussia. Her mother Louise was the eighth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7876752",
"chunk_text": "\"Dutch Republic\"\nbecome the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. On 16 March 1815, the son of stadtholder William V crowned himself King William I of the Netherlands. Between 1815 and 1890 the King of the Netherlands was also in a personal union the Grand Duke of the sovereign Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. After Belgium gained its independence in 1830, the state became unequivocally known as the \"\"Kingdom of the Netherlands\"\", as it remains today. During the Dutch Golden Age in the late 16th and 17th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_661
|
what written material is included in the talmud?
|
n/a
|
[
"the Mishnah",
"the Gemara"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2605749",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nTalmud The Talmud (; Hebrew: \"\"\"\") is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (\"\"halakha\"\") and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to \"\"all Jewish thought and aspirations\"\", serving also as \"\"the guide for the daily life\"\" of Jews. The term \"\"Talmud\"\" normally refers to the collection of writings named specifically the Babylonian Talmud \"\"(Talmud Bavli)\"\", although there is also an earlier collection known as the Jerusalem Talmud (\"\"Talmud Yerushalmi\"\"). It may also traditionally be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2605750",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\ncalled (), a Hebrew abbreviation of \"\"\"\", or the \"\"six orders\"\" of the Mishnah. The Talmud has two components; the Mishnah (Hebrew: משנה, year 200 CE), a written compendium of Rabbinic Judaism's Oral Torah; and the Gemara (circa year 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible. The term \"\"Talmud\"\" may refer to either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara together. The entire Talmud consists of 63 tractates, and in standard print is over 6,200 pages long. It is written in Mishnaic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2605751",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nHebrew and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis (dating from before the Common Era through to the fifth century) on a variety of subjects, including \"\"halakha\"\", Jewish ethics, philosophy, customs, history, lore and many other topics. The Talmud is the basis for all codes of Jewish law, and is widely quoted in rabbinic literature. Talmud translates as \"\"instruction, learning\"\", from a root \"\" \"\"teach, study\"\". Originally, Jewish scholarship was oral. Rabbis expounded and debated the Torah (the written Torah expressed in the Hebrew Bible) and discussed the Tanakh without the benefit of written",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13460475",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nthe Gemara are in either Mishnaic or Biblical Hebrew. The rest of the Gemara, including the discussions of the Amoraim and the overall framework, is in a characteristic dialect of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. There are occasional quotations from older works in other dialects of Aramaic, such as Megillat Taanit. Overall, Hebrew constitutes somewhat less than half of the text of the Talmud. This difference in language is due to the long time period elapsing between the two compilations. During the period of the Tannaim (rabbis cited in the Mishnah), a late form of Hebrew known as Rabbinic or Mishnaic Hebrew",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6231867",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nthough not all tractates have Gemara. Each tractate is divided into chapters (\"\"perakim\"\"; singular: \"\"perek\"\"), 517 in total, that are both numbered according to the Hebrew alphabet and given names, usually using the first one or two words in the first mishnah. A \"\"perek\"\" may continue over several (up to tens of) pages. Each \"\"perek\"\" will contain several \"\"mishnayot\"\". The Mishnah is a compilation of legal opinions and debates. Statements in the Mishnah are typically terse, recording brief opinions of the rabbis debating a subject; or recording only an unattributed ruling, apparently representing a consensus view. The rabbis recorded in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13460474",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\n' (answerer). Another important function of Gemara is to identify the correct biblical basis for a given law presented in the Mishnah and the logical process connecting one with the other: this activity was known as \"\"talmud\"\" long before the existence of the \"\"Talmud\"\" as a text. In addition to the six Orders, the Talmud contains a series of short treatises of a later date, usually printed at the end of Seder Nezikin. These are not divided into Mishnah and Gemara. Within the Gemara, the quotations from the Mishnah and the Baraitas and verses of Tanakh quoted and embedded in",
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nwithin contemporary Talmud scholarship are listed below. The Talmud represents the written record of an oral tradition. It became the basis for many rabbinic legal codes and customs, most importantly for the Mishneh Torah and for the Shulchan Aruch. Orthodox and, to a lesser extent, Conservative Judaism accept the Talmud as authoritative, while Samaritan, Karaite, Reconstructionist, and Reform Judaism do not. The Jewish sect of the Sadducees (Hebrew: צְדוּקִים) flourished during the Second Temple period. Principal distinctions between them and the Pharisees (later known as Rabbinic Judaism) involved their rejection of an \"\"Oral Torah\"\" and their denying a resurrection after",
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"chunk_text": "\"Soferim (Talmud)\"\nSoferim (Talmud) Masekhet Soferim \"\"The Tractate of the Scribes\"\" (Hebrew: מסכת סופרים) is a non-canonical Talmudic treatise dealing especially with the rules relating to the preparation of the holy books, as well as with the regulations for the reading of the Law. It belongs to the so-called \"\"smaller tractates,\"\" a term applied to about 15 works in rabbinical literature, each containing all the important material bearing on a single subject. While they are mishnaic in form and are called \"\"treatises,\"\" the topics discussed in them are arranged more systematically; for they are eminently practical in purpose, being, in a certain",
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"chunk_text": "Torah\nalluded to in the few hundred pages of Mishnah, became the thousands of pages now called the \"\"Gemara\"\". Gemara is written in Aramaic, having been compiled in Babylon. The Mishnah and Gemara together are called the Talmud. The Rabbis in Israel also collected their traditions and compiled them into the Jerusalem Talmud. Since the greater number of Rabbis lived in Babylon, the Babylonian Talmud has precedence should the two be in conflict. Orthodox and Conservative branches of Judaism accept these texts as the basis for all subsequent halakha and codes of Jewish law, which are held to be normative. Reform",
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nreference is usually made in format [\"\"Tractate daf a/b\"\"] (e.g. Berachot 23b, ). Increasingly, the symbols \"\".\"\" and \"\":\"\" are used to indicate Recto and Verso, respectively (thus, e.g. Berachot 23:, . These references always refer to the pagination of the Vilna Talmud. In the Vilna edition of the Talmud there are 5,894 folio pages. Lazarus Goldschmidt published an edition from the \"\"uncensored text\"\" of the Babylonian Talmud with a German translation in 9 vols. (commenced Leipzig, 1897–1909, edition completed, following emigration to England in 1933, by 1936). The text of the Vilna editions is considered by scholars not to",
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nstates: In the early medieval era, Rashi already concluded that some statements in the extant text of the Talmud were insertions from later editors. On Shevuot 3b Rashi writes \"\"A mistaken student wrote this in the margin of the Talmud, and copyists {subsequently} put it into the Gemara.\"\" The emendations of Yoel Sirkis and the Vilna Gaon are included in all standard editions of the Talmud, in the form of marginal glosses entitled \"\"Hagahot ha-Bach\"\" and \"\"Hagahot ha-Gra\"\" respectively; further emendations by Solomon Luria are set out in commentary form at the back of each tractate. The Vilna Gaon's emendations",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
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"chunk_id": "12337282",
"chunk_text": "Aggadah\nTorah commentaries, and the Targumim, interpret the Torah text in the light of Aggadic statements, particularly those in the Midrash, and hence contain much material on Aggadah interpretation. Throughout the Talmud, aggadic and halakhic material are interwoven—legal material comprises around 90%. (Tractate Avoth, which has no gemara, deals exclusively with non-halakhic material, though it is not regarded as aggadic in that it is focused, largely, on character development.) The Talmudic aggada, generally, convey the \"\"deeper teachings\"\"—though in concealed mode, as discussed. The aggadic material in the Babylonian Talmud is also presented separately in \"\"Ein Yaakov\"\", a compilation of the Aggadah",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Soferim (Talmud)\"\nin the Talmud. However, these rulings have not been accepted by all groups of Jews. Soferim (Talmud) Masekhet Soferim \"\"The Tractate of the Scribes\"\" (Hebrew: מסכת סופרים) is a non-canonical Talmudic treatise dealing especially with the rules relating to the preparation of the holy books, as well as with the regulations for the reading of the Law. It belongs to the so-called \"\"smaller tractates,\"\" a term applied to about 15 works in rabbinical literature, each containing all the important material bearing on a single subject. While they are mishnaic in form and are called \"\"treatises,\"\" the topics discussed in them",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
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"chunk_id": "6231934",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nWilliam Grimstad. Gil Student, an internet author, states that many attacks on the Talmud are merely recycling discredited material that originated in the 13th-century disputations, particularly from Raymond Marti and Nicholas Donin, and that the criticisms are based on quotations taken out of context, and are sometimes entirely fabricated. On individual tractates Historical study General Refutation of allegations concerning the Talmud Full text resources Manuscripts and textual variants Layout \"\"Daf Yomi\"\" program Audio Talmud The Talmud (; Hebrew: \"\"\"\") is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (\"\"halakha\"\") and Jewish theology. Until the",
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"chunk_id": "16924230",
"chunk_text": "Gemara\nwas compiled by scholars of the Land of Israel, primarily of the academies of Tiberias and Caesarea, and was published between about 350–400 CE. The Talmud Bavli was published about 500 CE by scholars of Babylonia, primarily of the academies of Sura, Pumbedita, and Mata Mehasia. By convention, a reference to the \"\"Gemara\"\" or \"\"Talmud,\"\" without further qualification, refers to the Babylonian version. The main compilers were Revina and Rav Ashi. see Talmud. The Gemara and the Mishnah together make up the Talmud. The Talmud thus comprises two components: the Mishnah – the core text; and the \"\"Gemara\"\" – analysis",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nwritten Torah as well, while others appeared to adopt a neo-Karaite \"\"back to the Bible\"\" approach, though often with greater emphasis on the prophetic than on the legal books. Within Humanistic Judaism, Talmud is studied as a historical text, in order to discover how it can demonstrate practical relevance to living today. Orthodox Judaism continues to stress the importance of Talmud study as a central component of Yeshiva curriculum, in particular for those training to become rabbis. This is so even though \"\"Halakha\"\" is generally studied from the medieval and early modern codes and not directly from the Talmud. Talmudic",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "16924229",
"chunk_text": "Gemara\nGemara The Gemara (also transliterated Gemora, Gemarah, or, less commonly, Gemorra; from Hebrew , from the Aramaic verb \"\"gamar\"\", study) is the component of the Talmud comprising rabbinical analysis of and commentary on the Mishnah. After the Mishnah was published by Judah the Prince (c. 200 CE), the work was studied exhaustively by generation after generation of rabbis in Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Their discussions were written down in a series of books that became the Gemara, which when combined with the Mishnah constituted the Talmud. There are two versions of the Gemara. The Jerusalem Talmud (Talmud Yerushalmi)",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
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"chunk_id": "3374833",
"chunk_text": "\"Daf Yomi\"\nDaf Yomi Daf Yomi (, \"\"Daf Yomi\"\", \"\"page of the day\"\" or \"\"daily folio\"\") is a daily regimen of learning the Oral Torah and its commentaries (also known as the Gemara), in which each of the 2,711 pages of the Babylonian Talmud is covered in sequence. A \"\"daf\"\", or \"\"blatt\"\" in Yiddish, consists of both sides of the page. Under this regimen, the entire Talmud is completed, one day at a time, in a cycle of seven and a half years. Tens of thousands of Jews worldwide study in the Daf Yomi program, and over 300,000 participate in the Siyum",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
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"chunk_text": "\"Jewish principles of faith\"\nthe Babylonian Talmud (produced in Babylon around 600 CE) and the Jerusalem Talmud (produced in the Land of Israel circa 400 CE). The Babylonian Talmud is the more extensive of the two and is considered the more important. The Talmud is a re-presentation of the Torah through \"\"sustained analysis and argument\"\" with \"\"unfolding dialogue and contention\"\" between rabbinic sages. The Talmud consists of the Mishnah (a legal code) and the Gemara (Aramaic for \"\"learning\"\"), an analysis and commentary to that code. Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz writes that \"\"If the Bible is the cornerstone of Judaism, then the Talmud is the central",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
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"chunk_text": "\"Ancient Hebrew writings\"\nMidrash, Mishnah, and Talmud. In addition, there are non-rabbinic Hebrew texts from the Second Temple and subsequent periods. The subject of the Talmud is the Torah-derived Halakhah, Jewish religious law, which at the time of its writing was indistinguishable from secular law, as indeed the dichotomy had not yet arisen. The Talmud has two components to it: the Mishnah, which is the main text, redacted between 180 and 220 CE, and the Gemarah, the canonized commentary to the Mishnah. Very roughly, there are two traditions of Mishnah text: one found in manuscripts and printed editions of the Mishnah on its",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nto that of the Jerusalem version, making it more accessible and readily usable. According to Maimonides (whose life began almost a hundred years after the end of the Gaonic era), all Jewish communities during the Gaonic era formally accepted the Babylonian Talmud as binding upon themselves, and modern Jewish practice follows the Babylonian Talmud's conclusions on all areas in which the two Talmuds conflict. The structure of the Talmud follows that of the Mishnah, in which six orders (\"\"sedarim\"\"; singular: \"\"seder\"\") of general subject matter are divided into 60 or 63 tractates (\"\"masekhtot\"\"; singular: \"\"masekhet\"\") of more focused subject compilations,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "6231880",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nby Menachem Romm of Vilna. Known as the \"\"Vilna Edition Shas\"\", this edition (and later ones printed by his widow and sons, the Romm publishing house) has been used in the production of more recent editions of Talmud Bavli. A page number in the Vilna Talmud refers to a double-sided page, known as a \"\"daf\"\", or folio in English; each daf has two \"\"amudim\"\" labeled and , sides A and B (recto and verso). The convention of referencing by \"\"daf\"\" is relatively recent and dates from the early Talmud printings of the 17th century, though the actual pagination goes back",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
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"chunk_text": "\"Biblical canon\"\noral Torah, dividing its study into the three branches of midrash, halakot, and aggadot; the introduction of the Feast of Purim; and the institution of the prayer known as the Shemoneh 'Esreh as well as the synagogal prayers, rituals, and benedictions. In addition to the Tanakh, mainstream Rabbinic Judaism considers the Talmud (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד ) to be another central, authoritative text. It takes the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, customs, and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (c. 200 AD), the first written compendium of Judaism's oral Law; and the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_id": "14272882",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nBaba Batra and Gittin. Like the commentaries of Ramban and the others, these are generally printed as independent works, though some Talmud editions include the \"\"Shittah Mekubbetzet\"\" in an abbreviated form. In later centuries, focus partially shifted from direct Talmudic interpretation to the analysis of previously written Talmudic commentaries. These later commentaries include \"\"Maharshal\"\" (Solomon Luria), \"\"Maharam\"\" (Meir Lublin) and \"\"Maharsha\"\" (Samuel Edels), and are generally printed at the back of each tractate. Another very useful study aid, found in almost all editions of the Talmud, consists of the marginal notes \"\"Torah Or\"\", \"\"Ein Mishpat Ner Mitzvah\"\" and \"\"Masoret ha-Shas\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "Talmud\nprinted in the Vilna and many subsequent editions of the Talmud. A 15th-century Spanish rabbi, Jacob ibn Habib (d. 1516), composed the Ein Yaakov. \"\"Ein Yaakov\"\" (or \"\"En Ya'aqob\"\") extracts nearly all the Aggadic material from the Talmud. It was intended to familiarize the public with the ethical parts of the Talmud and to dispute many of the accusations surrounding its contents. There are many passages in the Talmud which are cryptic and difficult to understand. Its language contains many Greek and Persian words that became obscure over time. A major area of Talmudic scholarship developed to explain these passages",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
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"chunk_text": "\"Oral Torah\"\nedited together into compilations known as the Talmud. Both the Babylonian Talmud and the Jerusalem Talmud (or \"\"Yerushalmi Talmud\"\") have been transmitted in written form to the present day, although the more extensive Babylonian Talmud is widely considered to be more authoritative. The Talmud's discussions follow the order of the Mishnah, although not all tractates are discussed. Generally, a law from the Mishnah is cited, which is followed by a rabbinic deliberation on its meaning. The discussion often, but not always, results in a decision regarding the more persuasive or authoritative position based on available sources or anecdotal evidence. Archaeologists",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
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"chunk_id": "258553",
"chunk_text": "\"Talmud Torah\"\ntheir prayers. In the second class they learn the Pentateuch from beginning to end, with the musical accents. In the third, they translate the Pentateuch into the vernacular and use the Rashi commentary, divided into the regular weekly sidrot. \"\"In the fourth, they learn the Prophets and the Hagiographa, with the proper accents and translation. In the fifth, they learn grammar and begin upon a series of halachic excerpts from the Talmud, the text being in Hebrew and the explanations in the vernacular. Before the approach of a holy day they memorize the laws in the Shulchan Aruch pertaining to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"chunk_id": "13460471",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nthe Mishnah are known as the Tannaim. Since it sequences its laws by subject matter instead of by biblical context, the Mishnah discusses individual subjects more thoroughly than the Midrash, and it includes a much broader selection of halakhic subjects than the Midrash. The Mishnah's topical organization thus became the framework of the Talmud as a whole. But not every tractate in the Mishnah has a corresponding Gemara. Also, the order of the tractates in the Talmud differs in some cases from that in the \"\"Mishnah\"\". In addition to the Mishnah, other tannaitic teachings were current at about the same",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
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"chunk_id": "2757816",
"chunk_text": "\"Soferim (Talmud)\"\nthe \"\"Masseket Sefer Torah\"\", from which it is an extract. The name \"\"Sefarim\"\" (= \"\"books\"\") is merely the plural of \"\"sefer,\"\" designating the Torah as \"\"the book\"\" par excellence. Chapters vi. to ix. constitute a separate part, containing Masoretic rules for writing, the first four paragraphs of ch. vi. and some passages of ch. ix. being of early date. This portion was undoubtedly added by Masorites of Tiberias; and the main portion of the modern Masorah, which also contains the passages in question, likewise originated in the same school. The first two parts of Soferim are acknowledged to be Judean,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
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"chunk_id": "258551",
"chunk_text": "\"Talmud Torah\"\nHebrew alphabet (with the vowels), the Siddur, the Pentateuch (with the \"\"Be'er Mosheh\"\" translation), the Rashi commentary, the order of the prayers, etiquette, and good behavior—every boy according to his grade and intelligence; also reading and writing in the vernacular. The more advanced shall be taught Hebrew grammar and arithmetic; those of the highest grade shall study Talmud with Rashi and Tosafot. (7) Boys near the age of thirteen shall learn the regulations regarding tefillin. (8) At the age of fourteen a boy who is incapable of learning Talmud shall be taught a trade or become a servant in a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
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"chunk_id": "2757811",
"chunk_text": "\"Soferim (Talmud)\"\noriginated in the period of oral tradition which was dominated by the Talmud and the Midrash, so that these treatises are doubtless of great antiquity, some of them having been compiled in their main outlines before even the final redaction of the Talmud in the 6th century. This theory holds good with regard to the treatise Sefer Torah also, to which the treatise Soferim bears an especially close relation. Soferim consists of 21 chapters, containing 225 paragraphs (\"\"halakot\"\") in all. The contents may be summarized as follows: According to Zunz (\"\"G. V.\"\" 2d ed., p. 100), \"\"the little work is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_id": "6231854",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nIt is during this period that rabbinic discourse began to be recorded in writing. The oldest full manuscript of the Talmud, known as the Munich Talmud (Cod.hebr. 95), dates from 1342 and is available online. The process of \"\"Gemara\"\" proceeded in what were then the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, Galilee and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem Talmud or the \"\"Talmud Yerushalmi\"\". It was compiled in the 4th century in Galilee. The Babylonian Talmud was compiled about the year 500, although it continued",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
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"chunk_id": "14272849",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nto be edited later. The word \"\"Talmud\"\", when used without qualification, usually refers to the Babylonian Talmud. While the editors of Jerusalem Talmud and Babylonian Talmud each mention the other community, most scholars believe these documents were written independently; Louis Jacobs writes, \"\"If the editors of either had had access to an actual text of the other, it is inconceivable that they would not have mentioned this. Here the argument from silence is very convincing.\"\" The Jerusalem Talmud, also known as the Palestinian Talmud, or \"\"Talmuda de-Eretz Yisrael\"\" (Talmud of the Land of Israel), was one of the two compilations",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "5193873",
"chunk_text": "\"Ktav Stam\"\nKtav Stam Ketav Stam () is the specific Jewish traditional writing with which Sifrei Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzot, and the Five Megillot are written. One who writes such articles is called a \"\"Sofer Stam\"\". The writing is done by means of a feather, and ink (known as \"\"D'yo\"\") onto special parchment called \"\"Klaf\"\". There exist two primary traditions in respect to the formation of the letters, \"\"Ktav HaAshkenazi\"\" and \"\"Ktav HaSefardi\"\", however the differences between them are slight. Klaf is the material on which a \"\"sofer\"\" writes certain Jewish liturgical and ritual documents, the kosher form of parchment or vellum. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
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"chunk_text": "\"Soferim (Talmud)\"\nstatement of R. Asher (c. 1300, in the \"\"Hilkot Sefer Torah\"\") that Soferim was composed at a late date. At that period written prayer-books were doubtless in existence and were probably produced by the scribes, who combined the offices of communal ḥazzan and reader. It was but natural, therefore, that in treatises intended for the scribes all the regulations should be collected which concerned books, the Masorah, and the liturgy. It is practically certain that few copies of the Talmud were made at that time, and those without special rules; consequently no allusions to them are found in Soferim. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_id": "1127541",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nBava Batra and Shevuot, based on Ḥananel and Alfasi, also survive, as does a compilation by Zechariah Aghmati called \"\"Sefer ha-Ner\"\". Using a different style, rabbi Nathan b. Jechiel created a lexicon called the \"\"Arukh\"\" in the 11th century to help translate difficult words. By far the best known commentary on the Babylonian Talmud is that of Rashi (rabbi Solomon ben Isaac, 1040–1105). The commentary is comprehensive, covering almost the entire Talmud. Written as a running commentary, it provides a full explanation of the words, and explains the logical structure of each Talmudic passage. It is considered indispensable to students",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
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"chunk_id": "2605755",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nof Jewish religious teachings and commentary that was transmitted orally for centuries prior to its compilation by Jewish scholars in the Land of Israel. It is a compilation of teachings of the schools of Tiberias, Sepphoris and Caesarea. It is written largely in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, a Western Aramaic language that differs from its Babylonian counterpart. This Talmud is a synopsis of the analysis of the Mishnah that was developed over the course of nearly 200 years by the Academies in Galilee (principally those of Tiberias and Caesarea.) Because of their location, the sages of these Academies devoted considerable attention",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "988080",
"chunk_text": "Midrash\nMidrash Midrash (; ; pl. \"\"\"\") is biblical exegesis by ancient Judaic authorities, using a mode of interpretation prominent in the Talmud. The term is also used of a rabbinic work that interprets Scripture in that manner. Such works contain early interpretations and commentaries on the Written Torah and Oral Torah (spoken law and sermons), as well as non-legalistic rabbinic literature (') and occasionally Jewish religious laws ('), which usually form a running commentary on specific passages in the Hebrew Scripture (\"\"\"\"). \"\"Midrash\"\", especially if capitalized, can refer to a specific compilation of these rabbinic writings composed between 400 and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
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"chunk_id": "13460473",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nand discussed that work. These discussions form the Gemara. The Gemara mainly focuses on elucidating and elaborating the opinions of the Tannaim. The rabbis of the Gemara are known as (sing. \"\"\"\" ). Much of the Gemara consists of legal analysis. The starting point for the analysis is usually a legal statement found in a Mishnah. The statement is then analyzed and compared with other statements used in different approaches to biblical exegesis in rabbinic Judaism (or - simpler - interpretation of text in Torah study) exchanges between two (frequently anonymous and sometimes metaphorical) disputants, termed the ' (questioner) and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
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"chunk_id": "8713576",
"chunk_text": "\"Ancient Hebrew writings\"\nown, or as part of the Jerusalem Talmud (\"\"Talmud Yerushalmi\"\"), the other is found in manuscripts and editions of the Babylonian Talmud (\"\"Talmud Bavli\"\"). Unless otherwise specified, the word \"\"Talmud\"\" on its own is normally understood to mean the Babylonian Talmud. The Jerusalem Talmud was compiled in the 4th century CE in Galilee, and the Babylonian Talmud was compiled about the year 500 CE, although it continued to be edited later. While the Pentateuch is sometimes called the \"\"Written Torah\"\", the Mishnah is contrasted as the \"\"Oral Torah\"\" because it was passed down orally between generations until its contents were",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
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"chunk_id": "11265881",
"chunk_text": "Masekhet\nMasekhet A masekhet (, plural \"\"massekhtot\"\" (, Sephardic: , Ashkenazic: ) is an organizational element of Talmudic literature that systematically examines a subject, referred to as a tractate in English. The word \"\"masekhet\"\" () appears in the Hebrew Bible denoting web or texture (). The plain Hebrew meaning of the word is a framework of warp and weft used in weaving. It also refers to a work of in-depth examination of a topic comprising a framework of discussions, research and conclusions. It refers in particular to the sections of the Mishnah, Tosefta, Beraita, and Gemara of the Babylonian and Jerusalem",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
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"chunk_id": "515670",
"chunk_text": "\"Jewish principles of faith\"\nbeen finalized at the Council of Jamnia in 70 CE, although this is uncertain. In Judaism, the term \"\"Torah\"\" refers not only to the Five Books of Moses, but also to all of the Jewish scriptures (the whole of Tanakh), and the ethical and moral instructions of the rabbis (the Oral Torah). In addition to the Tanakh, there are two further textual traditions in Judaism: Mishnah (tractates expounding on Jewish law) and the Talmud (commentary of Misneh and Torah). These are both codifications and redactions of the Jewish oral traditions and major works in Rabbinic Judaism. The Talmud consists of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1127536",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nRaquel Ukeles, Curator of the Israel National Library's Arabic collection, as \"\"racist\"\", but she considers the translation itself as \"\"not bad\"\". In February 2017, the \"\"William Davidson Talmud\"\" was released to Sefaria. This translation is a version of the Steinsaltz edition which was released under creative commons license. From the time of its completion, the Talmud became integral to Jewish scholarship. A maxim in Pirkei Avot advocates its study from the age of 15. This section outlines some of the major areas of Talmudic study. The earliest Talmud commentaries were written by the Geonim ( 800 - 1000, CE) in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13460472",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\ntime or shortly thereafter. The Gemara frequently refers to these tannaitic statements in order to compare them to those contained in the Mishnah and to support or refute the propositions of the Amoraim. The \"\"baraitot\"\" cited in the Gemara are often quotations from the Tosefta (a tannaitic compendium of halakha parallel to the Mishnah) and the Midrash halakha (specifically Mekhilta, Sifra and Sifre). Some \"\"baraitot\"\", however, are known only through traditions cited in the Gemara, and are not part of any other collection. In the three centuries following the redaction of the Mishnah, rabbis in Israel and Babylonia analyzed, debated,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2605778",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nwas still in use as a spoken vernacular among Jews in Judaea (alongside Greek and Aramaic), whereas during the period of the Amoraim (rabbis cited in the Gemara), which began around 200 CE, the spoken vernacular was almost exclusively Aramaic. Hebrew continued to be used for the writing of religious texts, poetry, and so forth. The first complete edition of the Babylonian Talmud was printed in Venice by Daniel Bomberg 1520–23 with the support of Pope Leo X. In addition to the \"\"Mishnah\"\" and \"\"Gemara\"\", Bomberg's edition contained the commentaries of Rashi and Tosafot. Almost all printings since Bomberg have",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17019759",
"chunk_text": "\"Origins of Rabbinic Judaism\"\nrecorded in the Talmud. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (c. 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (c. 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh. The rabbis of the Mishnah are known as \"\"Tannaim\"\" (sing. \"\"Tanna\"\" תנא). The rabbis of the Gemara are referred to as \"\"Amoraim\"\" (sing. \"\"Amora\"\" אמורא). The Mishnah does not claim to be the development of new laws, but merely the collection of existing oral laws, traditions and traditional wisdom. The rabbis",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6629",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerusalem Talmud\"\nJerusalem at this time. The Jerusalem Talmud was compiled in the Land of Israel, then divided between the Byzantine provinces of Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda, and was brought to an end sometime around 400. The Jerusalem Talmud predates its counterpart, the Babylonian Talmud (known in Hebrew as the \"\"Talmud Bavli\"\"), by about 200 years, and is written in both Hebrew and Jewish Palestinian Aramaic. The word \"\"Talmud\"\" itself is often defined as \"\"instruction\"\". Both versions of the Talmud comprise two parts, the Mishnah (of which there is only one version), which was finalized by Judah the Prince around the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12133734",
"chunk_text": "Tosefta\nTosefta The Tosefta (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic תוספתא \"\"supplement, addition\"\") is a compilation of the Jewish oral law from the late 2nd century, the period of the Mishnah. In many ways, the Tosefta acts as a supplement to the Mishnah (\"\"tosefta\"\" means \"\"supplement, addition\"\"). The Mishnah () is the basic compilation of the Oral law of Judaism; according to the tradition, it was compiled in 189 CE. The Tosefta closely corresponds to the Mishnah, with the same divisions for \"\"sedarim\"\" (\"\"orders\"\") and \"\"masekhot\"\" (\"\"tractates\"\"). It is mainly written in Mishnaic Hebrew, with some Aramaic. At times the text of the Tosefta",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13460460",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nits present form is not settled among modern scholars. Some, like Louis Jacobs, argue that the main body of the Gemara is not simple reportage of conversations, as it purports to be, but a highly elaborate structure contrived by the \"\"Savoraim\"\" (roughly 500–650 CE), who must therefore be regarded as the real authors. On this view the text did not reach its final form until around 700. Some modern scholars use the term \"\"Stammaim\"\" (from the Hebrew \"\"Stam\"\", meaning \"\"closed\"\", \"\"vague\"\" or \"\"unattributed\"\") for the authors of unattributed statements in the Gemara. (See eras within Jewish law.) There are significant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1127532",
"chunk_text": "Talmud\nto the Bomberg edition. Earlier rabbinic literature generally refers to the tractate or chapters within a tractate (e.g. Berachot Chapter 1, ). It sometimes also refers to the specific Mishnah in that chapter, where \"\"Mishnah\"\" is replaced with \"\"Halakha\"\", here meaning route, to \"\"direct\"\" the reader to the entry in the Gemara corresponding to that Mishna (e.g. Berachot Chapter 1 Halakha 1, would refer to the first Mishnah of the first chapter in Tractate Berachot, and its corresponding entry in the Gemara). However, this form is nowadays more commonly (though not exclusively) used when referring to the Jerusalem Talmud. Nowadays,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_662
|
what are the value of style guides and style sheet?
|
n/a
|
[
"improve communication"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973465",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nStyle guide A style guide (or manual of style) is a set of standards for the writing and design of documents, either for general use or for a specific publication, organization, or field. (It is often called a style sheet, though that term has other meanings.) A style guide establishes and enforces style to improve communication. To do that, it ensures consistency within a document and across multiple documents and enforces best practice in usage and in language composition, visual composition, orthography and typography. For academic and technical documents, a guide may also enforce the best practice in ethics (such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2142001",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\ntheir own systems. Guidelines for citing web content also appear in comprehensive style guides such as Oxford/Hart, Chicago and MLA. Style guide A style guide (or manual of style) is a set of standards for the writing and design of documents, either for general use or for a specific publication, organization, or field. (It is often called a style sheet, though that term has other meanings.) A style guide establishes and enforces style to improve communication. To do that, it ensures consistency within a document and across multiple documents and enforces best practice in usage and in language composition, visual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973467",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nand in desktop publishing (e.g., how inline styles in HTML cascade over CSS styles). A short style guide is often called a \"\"style sheet\"\". A comprehensive guide tends to be long and is often called a \"\"style manual\"\" or \"\"manual of style\"\" (\"\"MOS\"\" or \"\"MoS\"\"). In many cases, a project such as one book, journal, or monograph series typically has a short style sheet that cascades over the somewhat larger style guide of an organization such as a publishing company, whose content is usually called \"\"house style\"\". Most house styles, in turn, cascade over an \"\"industry-wide or profession-wide style manual\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973466",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nas authorship, research ethics, and disclosure), pedagogy (such as exposition and clarity), and compliance (technical and regulatory). Style guides are common for general and specialized use, for the general reading and writing audience, and for students and scholars of various academic disciplines, medicine, journalism, the law, government, business, and specific industries. House style refers to the internal style manual of a particular publisher or organization. Style guides vary widely in scope and size. This variety in scope and length is enabled by the cascading of one style over another, in a way analogous to how styles cascade in web development",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16508197",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nStyle sheet (web development) A web style sheet is a form of separation of presentation and content for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure, but does not define its visual layout (style). Instead, the style is defined in an external style sheet file using a style sheet language such as CSS or XSLT. This design approach is identified as a \"\"separation\"\" because it largely supersedes the antecedent methodology in which a page's markup defined both style and structure. The philosophy underlying this methodology is a specific",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16216815",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nCascading Style Sheets Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript. CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15955446",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (desktop publishing)\"\nStyle sheet (desktop publishing) A style sheet is a feature in desktop publishing programs that store and apply formatting to text. Style sheets are a form of separation of presentation and content: it creates a separate abstraction to keep the presentation isolated from the text data. Style sheets are a common feature in most popular desktop publishing and word processing programs, including Corel Ventura, Adobe InDesign, Scribus, PageMaker, QuarkXPress, WordPerfect, and Microsoft Word, though they may be referred to using slightly different terminology. Individual styles are created by the user and may include a wide variety of commands that dictate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15955449",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (desktop publishing)\"\nadministrative access can make the change to the master style sheet and then \"\"send\"\" the revised style sheets to all users, so the change is automatically reflected. Some programs split style sheets into two classes: paragraph and character. Paragraph style sheets are applied to an entire paragraph while character styles are applied to only a select number of characters. Character styles are useful when a user needs to format only a small portion of a paragraph. For example, a newspaper may publish lists of current movies by starting with the name of a movie in a bold, sans serif typeface.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1974163",
"chunk_text": "\"Reset style sheet\"\nReset style sheet A reset stylesheet (or CSS reset) is a collection of CSS rules used to clear formatting of HTML elements. Each browser has different default settings for styling different HTML elements, often differing from the World Wide Web Consortium recommendations for styling elements. For example, the color for link text and spacing definitions for specific items are defined differently by many browsers by default. These basic details may vary greatly from browser to browser, sometimes even varying between different versions of a browser. These default styles used in combination with the author defined rules may have unforeseen effects",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20948107",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chicago Manual of Style\"\nThe Chicago Manual of Style The Chicago Manual of Style (abbreviated in writing as CMOS or CMS, or sometimes as Chicago) is a style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. Its seventeen editions have prescribed writing and citation styles widely used in publishing. It is \"\"one of the most widely used and respected style guides in the United States\"\". The guide deals with aspects of editorial practice, from American English grammar and use to document preparation. It is available in print as a hardcover book, and by subscription as a searchable website as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13716813",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet language\"\nfor example, colors, fonts and layout – must be applied. A collection of stylistic rules is called a style sheet. Style sheets in the form of written documents have a long history of use by editors and typographers to ensure consistency of presentation, spelling and punctuation. In electronic publishing, style sheet languages are mostly used in the context of visual presentation rather than spelling and punctuation. All style sheet languages offer functionality in these areas: Style sheet language A style sheet language, or style language, is a computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents. One attractive feature of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13716812",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet language\"\nStyle sheet language A style sheet language, or style language, is a computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents. One attractive feature of structured documents is that the content can be reused in many contexts and presented in various ways. Different style sheets can be attached to the logical structure to produce different presentations. One modern style sheet language with widespread use is Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), which is used to style documents written in HTML, XHTML, SVG, XUL, and other markup languages. For content in structured documents to be presented, a set of stylistic rules – describing,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5552464",
"chunk_text": "\"Lettering guide\"\nLettering guide A lettering guide template is a special type of template used to write uniform characters. It consists of a sheet of plastic or other material with cut-outs of letters, numbers, and other shapes used especially for creating technical drawings. For decades they have been essential for lettering a drawing nameplate so text and other designs could be made quickly and uniformly. Although they have been superseded by the use of computers, during the greater part of the last century they were used to relatively ease the lettering process in the creation of technical drawings. They were an indispensable",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231489",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nmethodology to keep them organized. The goals are ease of development, ease of collaboration during development and performance of the deployed stylesheets in the browser. Popular methodologies include OOCSS - object oriented CSS, ACSS - atomic CSS, oCSS - organic Cascade Style Sheet, SMACSS - scalable and modular architecture for CSS, and BEM - block, element, modifier. Cascading Style Sheets Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript. CSS is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16508203",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nstill maturing, the software tools have been slow to adapt. Most of the major web development tools still embrace a mixed presentation-content model. So authors and designers looking for GUI based tools for their work find it difficult to follow the semantic web method. In addition to GUI tools, shared repositories for generalized style sheets would probably aid adoption of these methods. Style sheet (web development) A web style sheet is a form of separation of presentation and content for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2141999",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nauthors and translators, but aiming to serve a wider readership as well. General Journalism Law In the United States, most public-facing corporate communication and journalism writing is written with styles following \"\"The Associated Press Stylebook\"\". Book publishers and authors of journals requiring reference sections generally choose the Chicago Manual of Style, while scholarly writing often follows the \"\"MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing\"\". One of the most popular grammar guides used in third-person writing is \"\"The Elements of Style\"\". The Associated Press Stylebook is written to be used together with The Elements of Style to provide a very",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15955447",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (desktop publishing)\"\nhow a selected portion of text is formatted: In most programs with style sheets, there is a window or menu listing the style sheets the user has associated with the document. For example, a newspaper may have a style sheet for its story text called \"\"Body copy\"\" that sets the type at 10 point Nimrod with 11 point leading and justified alignment. Most programs allow users to name their own styles. Usually easy-to-remember names are used that describe what the style is used for. Common names might include \"\"headline,\"\" \"\"subhead\"\" and \"\"byline.\"\" To apply a style to a portion of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15955448",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (desktop publishing)\"\ntext, most programs allow users to select the text with their mouse and then click on the desired style in a style panel. Style sheets help publications maintain consistency, so common elements such as story text, <nowiki>headlines</nowiki> and <nowiki>byline</nowiki>s always appear the same. Style sheets also help save time allowing a designer to click once rather than having to apply each element one at a time and risk using an incorrect value. Finally, style sheets are also useful if a publication decides to make changes to a design - say, make the story text slightly smaller. A user with proper",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17295400",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nall page content. If a page's layout information is stored externally, a user can decide to disable the layout information entirely, leaving the site's bare content still in a readable form. Site authors may also offer multiple style sheets, which can be used to completely change the appearance of the site without altering any of its content. Most modern web browsers also allow the user to define their own style sheet, which can include rules that override the author's layout rules. This allows users, for example, to bold every hyperlink on every page they visit. Because the semantic file contains",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16922736",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Manual of Style\"\nthe MSTP establishes standards and serves as a reference for writers. The MSTP has the specific purpose of guiding technical writers, editors, and content managers working with Microsoft products. While the manual in some parts focuses on usage particular to these products, the guide also serves as a general tool for technical writers. Content ranges from specific instructions for naming particular elements of specific programs to general rules of grammar. The MSTP is divided into two parts, preceded by a foreword and introduction. Part 1 is entitled General Topics and is sub-divided into the following 11 chapters: Part 2 is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4053578",
"chunk_text": "\"Lettering guide\"\nvoting process. Lettering guide A lettering guide template is a special type of template used to write uniform characters. It consists of a sheet of plastic or other material with cut-outs of letters, numbers, and other shapes used especially for creating technical drawings. For decades they have been essential for lettering a drawing nameplate so text and other designs could be made quickly and uniformly. Although they have been superseded by the use of computers, during the greater part of the last century they were used to relatively ease the lettering process in the creation of technical drawings. They were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16216821",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nValues may be keywords, such as \"\"center\"\" or \"\"inherit\"\", or numerical values, such as (200 pixels), (50 percent of the viewport width) or (80 percent of the window width). Color values can be specified with keywords (e.g. \"\"\"\"), hexadecimal values (e.g. , also abbreviated as ), RGB values on a 0 to 255 scale (e.g. codice_4), RGBA values that specify both color and alpha transparency (e.g. ), or HSL or HSLA values (e.g. , ). Before CSS, nearly all presentational attributes of HTML documents were contained within the HTML markup. All font colors, background styles, element alignments, borders and sizes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9659289",
"chunk_text": "\"AMA Manual of Style\"\nfields. The online edition also has updates (style points that have changed since the last print edition), a blog, monthly tips from the editors, quizzes, and an SI unit conversion calculator. AMA style is widely used, either entirely or with modifications, by hundreds of other scientific journals (including medical and other public health journals), in many textbooks, and in academia (for papers written in classes). Along with APA style and CSE style, it is one of the major style regimes for such work. Many publications have small local style guides that cascade over AMA, APA, or CSE style (for example,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973468",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nthat is even more comprehensive. Some examples of these industry style guides include the following: Finally, these reference works cascade over the orthographic norms of the language in use (for example, English orthography for English-language publications). This, of course, may be subject to national variety such as the different varieties of American English and British English. Some style guides focus on specific topic areas such as graphic design, including typography. Website style guides cover a publication's visual and technical aspects along with text. Style guides that cover usage may suggest ways of describing people that avoid racism, sexism, and homophobia.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17683824",
"chunk_text": "\"Tip sheet\"\nTip sheet A tip sheet is a publication containing the latest information, tips or predictions for a particular industry. Tip sheets are commonly published to impart business or stock market information, music industry songwriter leads, and tips on horse racing results. In the financial sector tip sheet newsletters offer investors' advice on stocks. In the UK, tip sheets are regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) since 2010 to prevent malpractice. In prior to 2010, Financial Service Authority (FSA) also regulated. Media tip sheets are typically lists of tips on how to do something, or solve a particular problem, that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231460",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\ncontrol over presentation. Someone who finds red italic headings difficult to read may apply a different style sheet. Depending on the browser and the web site, a user may choose from various style sheets provided by the designers, or may remove all added styles and view the site using the browser's default styling, or may override just the red italic heading style without altering other attributes. \"\"Specificity\"\" refers to the relative weights of various rules. It determines which styles apply to an element when more than one rule could apply. Based on specification, a simple selector (e.g. H1) has a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13245500",
"chunk_text": "\"AP Stylebook\"\nAP Stylebook The Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law, usually called the AP Stylebook, is an English grammar style and usage guide created by American journalists working for or connected with the Associated Press over the last century to standardize mass communications. Although it is sold as a guide for reporters, it has become the leading reference for most forms of public-facing corporate communication over the last half-century. The Stylebook offers a basic reference to grammar, punctuation and principles of reporting, including many definitions and rules for usage as well as styles for capitalization, abbreviation, spelling and numerals.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14080007",
"chunk_text": "\"Graph Style Sheets\"\nsame stylesheet. IsaViz 2.0 is equipped with a GSS Editor, which lets you create stylesheets without writing a single line of RDF. Graph Style Sheets GSS (Graph Style Sheets) is an RDF (Resource Description Framework) vocabulary for representation of data in a model of labeled directed graph. Using it will make a relatively complex data resource modeled in RDF, much easier to understand by declaring simple styling and visibility instructions to be applied on selected resources, literals and properties. GSS (Graph Style Sheets) are proposed in order to visually transform the graphs: filtering information, providing alternative layouts for specific elements,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16922735",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Manual of Style\"\nMicrosoft Manual of Style The Microsoft Manual of Style: Your Everyday Guide to Usage, Terminology, and Style for Professional Technical Communications (MSTP), in former editions the Microsoft Manual of Style for Technical Publications, is a style guide published by Microsoft. The fourth edition, , was published on January 15, 2012. Microsoft employees and partners can also access a Microsoft Compressed HTML Help (CHM) version of the MSTP. In 2018, the book was replaced by a website, the Microsoft Writing Style Guide, joining other online guides like the Apple Style Guide and Google Developer Documentation Style Guide. Like any style guide,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4023366",
"chunk_text": "\"The Business Style Handbook\"\nwith a hyphen when used as an adjective: \"\"It is too soon to assess to the bottom-line impact of the price increases.\"\" The Business Style Handbook The Business Style Handbook: An A-to-Z Guide for Effective Writing on the Job, usually called The Business Style Handbook, is a 280-page style guide tailored to people who write on the job. The authors are Helen Cunningham and Brenda Greene. McGraw-Hill published the first edition in 2002 and the second edition in 2012. In 2003, McGraw-Hill published the book in complex Chinese. In 2004, China Financial and Economic Publishing House published a simplified Chinese",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231479",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nofficial W3C Recommendation is CSS level 1, published on December 17, 1996. Håkon Wium Lie and Bert Bos are credited as the original developers. Among its capabilities are support for The W3C no longer maintains the CSS 1 Recommendation. CSS level 2 specification was developed by the W3C and published as a recommendation in May 1998. A superset of CSS 1, CSS 2 includes a number of new capabilities like absolute, relative, and fixed positioning of elements and z-index, the concept of media types, support for aural style sheets (which were later replaced by the CSS 3 speech modules) and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16508198",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\ncase of separation of concerns. Separation of style and content has advantages, but has only become practical after improvements in popular web browsers' CSS implementations. Overall, users experience of a site utilising style sheets will generally be quicker than sites that don’t use the technology. ‘Overall’ as the first page will probably load more slowly – because the style sheet AND the content will need to be transferred. Subsequent pages will load faster because no style information will need to be downloaded – the CSS file will already be in the browser’s cache. Holding all the presentation styles in one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231488",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nlibraries, CSS frameworks are usually incorporated as external .css sheets referenced in the HTML . They provide a number of ready-made options for designing and laying out the web page. Although many of these frameworks have been published, some authors use them mostly for rapid prototyping, or for learning from, and prefer to 'handcraft' CSS that is appropriate to each published site without the design, maintenance and download overhead of having many unused features in the site's styling. As the size of CSS resources used in a project increases, a development team often needs to decide on a common design",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15955451",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (desktop publishing)\"\nto apply the bold, sans serif typeface at the start of a new paragraph until it encounters a colon. After the colon, the style switches to the standard story text style. Therefore, the designer could highlight the entire collection and apply only one style that will automatically format the entire story without having to go through and apply separate character styles to each of the 10 reviews. Some scorewriters, including MuseScore and Sibelius, implement style sheets to control the appearance and layout of sheet music. Style sheet (desktop publishing) A style sheet is a feature in desktop publishing programs that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5022049",
"chunk_text": "WebML\na style sheet. A style sheet dictates the layout of pages and the content elements to be inserted into such layout, and is independent of the actual language used for page rendition. For better reusability, two categories of style sheets are provided: untyped style sheets (also called models) describe the page layout independently of its content, and thus can be applied regardless of the mapping of the page to a given concept; typed style sheets are specified at a finer granularity and thus apply only to pages describing specific concepts. WebML WebML (Web Modeling Language) is a visual notation and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5548804",
"chunk_text": "\"Graph Style Sheets\"\nGraph Style Sheets GSS (Graph Style Sheets) is an RDF (Resource Description Framework) vocabulary for representation of data in a model of labeled directed graph. Using it will make a relatively complex data resource modeled in RDF, much easier to understand by declaring simple styling and visibility instructions to be applied on selected resources, literals and properties. GSS (Graph Style Sheets) are proposed in order to visually transform the graphs: filtering information, providing alternative layouts for specific elements, and using all available visual variables to encode information, so as to visualise data in a way that better lends itself to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2141998",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nMany house styles and individual project styles change more frequently, especially for new projects. Several basic style guides for technical and scientific communication have been defined by international standards organizations. One example is ISO 215 \"\"Documentation — Presentation of contributions to periodicals and other serials\"\". The European Union publishes an \"\"Interinstitutional style guide\"\"—encompassing 24 languages across the European Union. This manual is \"\"obligatory\"\" for all those employed by the institutions of the EU who are involved in preparing EU documents and works. The Directorate-General for Translation of the European Commission publishes its own \"\"English Style Guide\"\", intended primarily for English-language",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20948109",
"chunk_text": "\"The Chicago Manual of Style\"\nthe \"\"Manual\"\". (Access to the Q&A, however, is free, as are various editing tools.) \"\"The Chicago Manual of Style\"\" is used in some social science publications and most historical journals. It remains the basis for the \"\"Style Guide of the American Anthropological Association\"\" and the \"\"Style Sheet\"\" for the Organization of American Historians. Many publishers throughout the world adopt \"\"Chicago\"\" as their style. \"\"The Chicago Manual of Style\"\" includes chapters relevant to publishers of books and journals. It is used widely by academic and some trade publishers, as well as editors and authors who are required by those publishers to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8471702",
"chunk_text": "\"Sentence spacing\"\ncentury, the majority of style guides had changed to indicate that only one word space was proper between sentences. Modern style guides provide standards and guidance for the written language. These works are important to writers since \"\"virtually all professional editors work closely with one of them in editing a manuscript for publication\"\". Late editions of comprehensive style guides, such as the \"\"Oxford Style Manual\"\" (2003) in the United Kingdom and \"\"the Chicago Manual of Style\"\" (2010) in the United States, provide standards for a wide variety of writing and design topics, including sentence spacing. The majority of style guides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4023361",
"chunk_text": "\"The Business Style Handbook\"\nThe Business Style Handbook The Business Style Handbook: An A-to-Z Guide for Effective Writing on the Job, usually called The Business Style Handbook, is a 280-page style guide tailored to people who write on the job. The authors are Helen Cunningham and Brenda Greene. McGraw-Hill published the first edition in 2002 and the second edition in 2012. In 2003, McGraw-Hill published the book in complex Chinese. In 2004, China Financial and Economic Publishing House published a simplified Chinese edition. Tata McGraw-Hill released an Indian edition in 2003. This style guide focuses on business communications and is tailored for people who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16508199",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nfile can reduce the maintenance time and reduces the chance of error, thereby improving presentation consistency. For example, the font color associated with a type of text element may be specified — and therefore easily modified — throughout an entire website simply by changing one short string of characters in a single file. The alternate approach, using styles embedded in each individual page, would require a cumbersome, time consuming, and error-prone edit of every file. Sites that use CSS with either XHTML or HTML are easier to tweak so that they appear similar in different browsers (Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2146160",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nprepared for the new medium and consistent with elemental or structural vocabulary of the semantic document. A carefully authored document for a web page can easily be printed to a hard-bound volume complete with headers and footers, page numbers and a generated table of contents simply by applying a new style sheet. Currently specifications (for example, XHTML, XSL, CSS) and software tools implementing these specification are only reaching the early stages of maturity. So there are some practical issues facing authors who seek to embrace this method of separating content and style. While the style specifications are quite mature and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16216823",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nand difficult to maintain. CSS allows the separation of presentation from structure. CSS can define color, font, text alignment, size, borders, spacing, layout and many other typographic characteristics, and can do so independently for on-screen and printed views. CSS also defines non-visual styles, such as reading speed and emphasis for aural text readers. The W3C has now deprecated the use of all presentational HTML markup. For example, under pre-CSS HTML, a heading element defined with red text would be written as: Using CSS, the same element can be coded using style properties instead of HTML presentational attributes: The advantages of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2146159",
"chunk_text": "\"Style sheet (web development)\"\nonly the meanings an author intends to convey, the styling of the various elements of the document's content is very consistent. For example, headings, emphasized text, lists and mathematical expressions all receive consistently applied style properties from the external style sheet. Authors need not concern themselves with the style properties at the time of composition. These presentational details can be deferred until the moment of presentation. The deferment of presentational details until the time of presentation means that a document can be easily re-purposed for an entirely different presentation medium with merely the application of a new style sheet already",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973472",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\ncomplete grammar and English style reference with no conflicts. Despite the near uniform use of the Bluebook, nearly every state has appellate court rules that specify citation methods and writing styles specific to that state - and the Supreme Court of the United States has its own citation method. However, in most cases these are derived from the Bluebook. There are also several other citation manuals available to legal writers in wide usage in the United States. Virtually all large law firms maintain their own citation manual and several major publishers of legal texts (West, Lexis-Nexis, Hein, \"\"et al.\"\") maintain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1974164",
"chunk_text": "\"Reset style sheet\"\non the appearance of the website. With the help of a style sheet reset, these browser styles can be removed. The styles used by the developer are ideally interpreted consistently by all browsers. The first style sheet resets were released around 2004, and many consisted of resetting the margins and padding of all elements: padding: 0; However, the first reset style sheet, created in 2004 by Tantek Çelik, included additional features such as setting all font sizes to codice_1 and removing link underlines and borders. This process has gradually been refined by various developers, so that only some elements are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16973469",
"chunk_text": "\"Style guide\"\nGuides in specific scientific and technical fields cover nomenclature, which specifies names or classifying labels that are preferred because they are clear, standardized, and ontologically sound (e.g., taxonomy, chemical nomenclature, and gene nomenclature). Most style guides are revised periodically to accommodate changes in conventions and usage. The frequency of updating and the revision control are determined by the subject matter. For style manuals in reference work format, new editions typically appear every 1 to 20 years. For example, the AP Stylebook is revised annually, and the Chicago, APA, and ASA manuals are in their 17th, 6th, and 4th editions, respectively.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20427749",
"chunk_text": "Proofreading\nstage of typographic production before publication. Before it is typeset, copy is often marked up by an editor or customer with various instructions as to typefaces, art, and layout. Often these individuals will consult a style guide of varying degrees of complexity and completeness. Such guides are usually produced in-house by the staff or supplied by the customer, and should be distinguished from professional references such as \"\"The Chicago Manual of Style\"\", the \"\"AP Stylebook\"\", \"\"The Elements of Style\"\", or \"\"Gregg Reference Manual\"\". When appropriate, proofreaders may mark errors in accordance with their house guide instead of the copy when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231457",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nthis may not be immediately clear (since the second form is actually more verbose), but the power of CSS becomes more apparent when the style properties are placed in an internal style element or, even better, an external CSS file. For example, suppose the document contains the style element: All codice_5 elements in the document will then automatically become red without requiring any explicit code. If the author later wanted to make codice_5 elements blue instead, this could be done by changing the style element to: rather than by laboriously going through the document and changing the color for each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4231484",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascading Style Sheets\"\nfar, four such \"\"best current practices\"\" documents have been published as Notes, in 2007, 2010, 2015, and 2017. Each web browser uses a layout engine to render web pages, and support for CSS functionality is not consistent between them. Because browsers do not parse CSS perfectly, multiple coding techniques have been developed to target specific browsers with workarounds (commonly known as CSS hacks or CSS filters). Adoption of new functionality in CSS can be hindered by lack of support in major browsers. For example, Internet Explorer was slow to add support for many CSS 3 features, which slowed adoption of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_663
|
what is the approximate volume of blood in your body?
|
n/a
|
[
"approximately 5 liters"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19502830",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood volume\"\nBlood volume Blood volume is the volume of blood (both red blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual. A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females and males having approximately the same blood volume. Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys. Blood volume (BV) can be calculated given the hematocrit (HC; the fraction of blood that is red blood cells) and plasma volume (PV), with the hematocrit being regulated via the blood oxygen content regulator: Blood volume measurement may be used in people with congestive heart failure, chronic hypertension, renal failure",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
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"chunk_id": "17130939",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood volume\"\nMeasurements are taken 5 times in 6 minute intervals so that the BVA-100 can calculate the albumin transudation time to understand the flux of liquid through capillary membranes. The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults and some animals. However, it can be 15% less in obese and old animals. Blood volume Blood volume is the volume of blood (both red blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual. A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females and males having approximately the same blood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
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"chunk_id": "2500630",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nwhole blood, the plasma about 54.3%, and white cells about 0.7%. Whole blood (plasma and cells) exhibits non-Newtonian fluid dynamics. If all human hemoglobin were free in the plasma rather than being contained in RBCs, the circulatory fluid would be too viscous for the cardiovascular system to function effectively. One microliter of blood contains: About 55% of blood is blood plasma, a fluid that is the blood's liquid medium, which by itself is straw-yellow in color. The blood plasma volume totals of 2.7–3.0 liters (2.8–3.2 quarts) in an average human. It is essentially an aqueous solution containing 92% water, 8%",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1326700",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood plasma\"\nBlood plasma Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells. It makes up about 55% of the body's total blood volume. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid (all body fluid outside cells). It is mostly water (up to 95% by volume), and contains dissolved proteins (6–8%) (i.e.—serum albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen), glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes (Na, Ca, Mg, HCO, Cl, etc.), hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation) and oxygen.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4212462",
"chunk_text": "Hematocrit\nHematocrit The hematocrit () (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells in blood. It is normally 47% ±5% for men and 42% ±5% for women. It is considered an integral part of a person's complete blood count results, along with hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, and platelet count. Because the purpose of red blood cells is to transfer oxygen from the lungs to body tissues, a blood sample's hematocrit—the red blood cell volume percentage—can become a point of reference of its capability of delivering oxygen. The measure of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10438461",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nthe presence of potential molecular fibers in the form of fibrinogen. Blood performs many important functions within the body, including: Blood accounts for 7% of the human body weight, with an average density around 1060 kg/m, very close to pure water's density of 1000 kg/m. The average adult has a blood volume of roughly , which is composed of plasma and several kinds of cells. These blood cells (which are also called corpuscles or \"\"formed elements\"\") consist of erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets). By volume, the red blood cells constitute about 45% of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3413570",
"chunk_text": "Bleeding\nBleeding Bleeding, also known as haemorrhaging, is blood escaping from the circulatory system. Bleeding can occur internally, where blood leaks from damaged blood vessels inside the body, or externally, either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina or anus, or through a wound in the skin. Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8469057",
"chunk_text": "\"Body fluid\"\nBody fluid Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids are liquids within the bodies of living people. In normal healthy men, the total body water is about 60% of the total body weight; it is slightly lower in women. A 70 kg (160 pound) man, then, has 42 liters of water in his body. This is divided between ICF and ECF in a two-to-one ratio: 28 liters are inside cells and 14 liters are outside cells. This ECF compartment is divided into the fluid between cells - the interstitial fluid volume - and the vascular volume, also called the blood plasma",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4408100",
"chunk_text": "\"Extracellular fluid\"\namong others, the pH, sodium, potassium, and calcium concentrations in the ECF. The volume of body fluid, blood glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels are also tightly homeostatically maintained. The volume of extracellular fluid in a young adult male of 70 kg (154 lbs) is 20% of body weight – about fourteen litres. Eleven litres is interstitial fluid and the remaining three litres is plasma. The main component of the extracellular fluid is the interstitial fluid which surrounds the cells in the body. The other major component of the ECF is the intravascular fluid of the circulatory system called blood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8785071",
"chunk_text": "\"Specific volume\"\nchange very little. Specific volume is the inverse of the density of a substance; therefore, careful consideration must be taken account when dealing with situations that involve gases. Small changes in temperature will have a noticeable effect on specific volumes. The chart below is a visual representation of the relationship between specific volume and temperature. As stated above, specific volume varies noticeably with changes in temperature while the gas phase. The average density of human blood is 1060 kg/m. The specific volume that correlates to that density is 0.00094 m/kg. Notice that the average specific volume of blood is almost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11829041",
"chunk_text": "\"Body fluid\"\nvolume. The vascular volume is divided into the venous volume and the secreted arterial volume; and the arterial volume has a conceptually useful but unmeasurable subcompartment called the effective arterial blood volume. There are approximately 6 to 10 liters of lymph in the body, compared to 3.5 to 5 liters of blood. By type: By location: In plants: Body fluid is the term most often used in medical and health contexts. Modern medical, public health, and personal hygiene practices treat body fluids as potentially unclean. This is because they can be vectors for infectious diseases, such as sexually transmitted diseases",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17608606",
"chunk_text": "\"Mean corpuscular volume\"\nMean corpuscular volume The mean corpuscular volume, or mean cell volume (MCV), is a measure of the average volume of a red blood corpuscle (or red blood cell). The measure is attained by multiplying a volume of blood by the proportion of blood that is cellular (the hematocrit), and dividing that product by the number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in that volume. The mean corpuscular volume is a part of a standard complete blood count. In patients with anemia, it is the MCV measurement that allows classification as either a microcytic anemia (MCV below normal range), normocytic anemia (MCV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7920768",
"chunk_text": "\"Intravascular volume status\"\nIntravascular volume status In medicine, intravascular volume status refers to the volume of blood in a patient's circulatory system, and is essentially the blood plasma component of the overall volume status of the body, which otherwise includes both intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid. Still, the intravascular component is usually of primary interest, and \"\"volume status\"\" is sometimes used synonymously with \"\"intravascular volume status\"\". It is related to the patient's state of hydration, but is not identical to it. For instance, intravascular volume depletion can exist in an adequately hydrated person if there is loss of water into interstitial tissue (e.g.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19398686",
"chunk_text": "\"Red blood cell\"\nthe centre of 0.8–1 µm, being much smaller than most other human cells. These cells have an average volume of about 90 fL with a surface of about 136 μm, and can swell up to a sphere shape containing 150 fL, without membrane distension. Adult humans have roughly 20–30 trillion red blood cells at any given time, constituting approximately 70% of all cells by number. Women have about 4–5 million red blood cells per microliter (cubic millimeter) of blood and men about 5–6 million; people living at high altitudes with low oxygen tension will have more. Red blood cells are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16607315",
"chunk_text": "\"Biofluid dynamics\"\nclotting. In addition to these 55 to 60 percent of blood by volume consists of plasma. Plasma is the transparent, amber-colored liquid in which the cellular components of blood are suspended. Plasma contains constituents such as proteins, electrolytes, hormones, and nutrients. The serum is blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed.Blood accounts for 6 to 8 percent of body weight in normal, healthy humans. The density of blood is slightly greater than the density of water at approximately 1060 kg/m3. The increased density comes from the increased density of a red blood cell compared with the density of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17608612",
"chunk_text": "\"Mean corpuscular volume\"\nunits of µL to fL by multiplying by formula_5. The result would look like this: Note: the shortcut proposed above just makes the units work out: formula_7 Mean corpuscular volume The mean corpuscular volume, or mean cell volume (MCV), is a measure of the average volume of a red blood corpuscle (or red blood cell). The measure is attained by multiplying a volume of blood by the proportion of blood that is cellular (the hematocrit), and dividing that product by the number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in that volume. The mean corpuscular volume is a part of a standard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10830141",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood pressure\"\nBlood pressure Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. Used without further specification, \"\"blood pressure\"\" usually refers to the pressure in large arteries of the systemic circulation. Blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure (maximum during one heartbeat) over diastolic pressure (minimum in between two heartbeats) and is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), above the surrounding atmospheric pressure. Blood pressure is one of the vital signs, along with respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature. Normal resting blood pressure in an adult is approximately systolic,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1842729",
"chunk_text": "\"Effective circulating volume\"\nEffective circulating volume The effective circulating volume (ECV) is the volume of arterial blood effectively perfusing tissue. ECV is a dynamic quantity and not a measurable, distinct compartment. This concept is useful for discussion of cardiovascular and renal physiology. Though ECV normally varies with extracellular fluid (ECF), they become uncoupled in diseases, such as congestive heart failure (CHF) or hepatic cirrhosis. In such cases decreased ECV may lead to volume depletion responses and edema. Decreased ECV can stimulate renin secretion or stimulate a sympathetic nervous system response or prostaglandin release (all of which help mediate renal blood flow and glomerular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2500626",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nBlood Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. In vertebrates, it is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), and blood cells themselves. Albumin is the main protein in plasma, and it functions to regulate the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. The blood",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1115287",
"chunk_text": "\"Stroke volume\"\nStroke volume In cardiovascular physiology, stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat. Stroke volume is calculated using measurements of ventricle volumes from an echocardiogram and subtracting the volume of the blood in the ventricle at the end of a beat (called end-systolic volume) from the volume of blood just prior to the beat (called end-diastolic volume). The term \"\"stroke volume\"\" can apply to each of the two ventricles of the heart, although it usually refers to the left ventricle. The stroke volumes for each ventricle are generally equal, both being approximately 70",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10438472",
"chunk_text": "Blood\nand deliver it to the body via arterioles and capillaries, where the oxygen is consumed; afterwards, venules and veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Under normal conditions in adult humans at rest, hemoglobin in blood leaving the lungs is about 98–99% saturated with oxygen, achieving an oxygen delivery between 950 and 1150 ml/min to the body. In a healthy adult at rest, oxygen consumption is approximately 200–250 ml/min, and deoxygenated blood returning to the lungs is still roughly 75% (70 to 78%) saturated. Increased oxygen consumption during sustained exercise reduces the oxygen saturation of venous blood, which can",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "942405",
"chunk_text": "\"Fluid compartments\"\n(the blood plasma). The other intravascular fluid is lymph. It too represents both the intracellular compartment (the fluid inside its lymphocytes) and the extracellular compartment (the noncellular matrix of the lymph, which is roughly equivalent to serum). The average volume of plasma in the average (70 kg) male is approximately 3.5 liters. The volume of the intravascular compartment is regulated in part by hydrostatic pressure gradients, and by reabsorption by the kidneys. The third extracellular compartment, the transcellular, consists of those spaces in the body where fluid does not normally collect in larger amounts, or where any significant fluid collection",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Effective circulating volume\"\nfiltration rate among other things). Effective circulating volume The effective circulating volume (ECV) is the volume of arterial blood effectively perfusing tissue. ECV is a dynamic quantity and not a measurable, distinct compartment. This concept is useful for discussion of cardiovascular and renal physiology. Though ECV normally varies with extracellular fluid (ECF), they become uncoupled in diseases, such as congestive heart failure (CHF) or hepatic cirrhosis. In such cases decreased ECV may lead to volume depletion responses and edema. Decreased ECV can stimulate renin secretion or stimulate a sympathetic nervous system response or prostaglandin release (all of which help mediate",
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_text": "Hematocrit\nin female and male adolescents that reflected a rise in annual family income. Additionally, a higher education in a parent has been put into account for a rise in mean hematocrit levels of the child. Lowered hematocrit levels also pose health impacts. These causes and impacts have been reported: Hematocrit The hematocrit () (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells in blood. It is normally 47% ±5% for men and 42% ±5% for women. It is considered an integral part of a person's complete blood count results, along with",
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"chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nwith safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood. The body is studied by health professionals, physiologists, anatomists, and by artists to assist them in their work. The human body is composed of elements including hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, calcium and phosphorus. These elements reside in trillions of cells and non-cellular components of the body. The adult male body is about 60% water for a total water content of some 42 litres. This is made up of about 19 litres of extracellular fluid including about 3.2 litres of blood plasma and about 8.4 litres of interstitial fluid,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Fluid compartments\"\nwith interstitial fluid. Interstitial fluid provides the immediate microenvironment that allows for movement of ions, proteins and nutrients across the cell barrier. This fluid is not static, but is continually being refreshed by the blood capillaries and recollected by lymphatic capillaries. In the average male (70 kg) human body, the interstitial space has approximately 10.5 litres of fluid. The main intravascular fluid in mammals is blood, a complex mixture with elements of a suspension (blood cells), colloid (globulins), and solutes (glucose and ions). The blood represents both the intracellular compartment (the fluid inside the blood cells) and the extracellular compartment",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
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"chunk_id": "19556433",
"chunk_text": "Hemodynamics\nit is imperative to think about all the components of the starling equation: To identify the minimum safe hematocrit desirable for a given patient the following equation is useful: where EBV is the estimated blood volume; 70 mL/kg was used in this model and \"\"H\"\" (initial hematocrit) is the patient’s initial hematocrit. From the equation above it is clear that the volume of blood removed during the ANH to the \"\"H\"\" is the same as the \"\"BL\"\". How much blood is to be removed is usually based on the weight, not the volume. The number of units that need to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "12650877",
"chunk_text": "\"Effective arterial blood volume\"\nEffective arterial blood volume Effective arterial blood volume (EABV) refers to the adequacy of the arterial blood volume to \"\"fill\"\" the capacity of the arterial vasculature. Normal EABV exists when the ratio of cardiac output to peripheral resistance maintains venous return and cardiac output at normal levels. EABV can be reduced, therefore, by factors which reduce actual arterial blood volume (hemorrhage, dehydration), increase arterial vascular capacitance (cirrhosis, sepsis) or reduce cardiac output (congestive heart failure). EABV can be reduced in the setting of low, normal, or high actual blood volume. Whenever EABV falls, the kidney is triggered to retain sodium",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "8168758",
"chunk_text": "\"White blood cell\"\nthe complete blood count. The normal white cell count is usually between 4 × 10/L and 1.1 × 10/L. In the US, this is usually expressed as 4,000 to 11,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood. White blood cells make up approximately 1% of the total blood volume in a healthy adult, making them substantially less numerous than the red blood cells at 40% to 45%. However, this 1% of the blood makes a large difference to health, because immunity depends on it. An increase in the number of leukocytes over the upper limits is called leukocytosis. It is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_id": "18135238",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood volume\"\na product of Daxor Corporation, consists of an automated well counter interfaced with a computer. It is able to report Total Blood Volume (TBV), Plasma Volume (PV) and Red Cell Volume (RCV) using the indicator dilution principle, microhematocrit centrifugation and the Ideal Height and Weight Method. The indicator or tracer, is an I-131 albumin injection. An equal amount of the tracer is injected into a known and unknown volume. Clinically, the unknown volume is the patient's blood volume, with the tracer having been injected into the patient's blood stream and tagged to the blood plasma. Once the tracer is injected",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
},
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"chunk_id": "5580886",
"chunk_text": "\"Renal blood flow\"\nRenal blood flow In the physiology of the kidney, renal blood flow (RBF) is the volume of blood delivered to the kidneys per unit time. In humans, the kidneys together receive roughly 25% of cardiac output, amounting to 1.1 L/min in a 70-kg adult male. RBF is closely related to renal plasma flow (RPF), which is the volume of blood plasma delivered to the kidneys per unit time. While the terms generally apply to arterial blood delivered to the kidneys, both RBF and RPF can be used to quantify the volume of venous blood exiting the kidneys per unit time.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_id": "5995466",
"chunk_text": "\"Volume expander\"\nthan 1/3 that of a healthy person. The body detects the lower hemoglobin level, and compensatory mechanisms start up. The heart pumps more blood with each beat. Since the lost blood was replaced with a suitable fluid, the now diluted blood flows more easily, even in the small vessels. As a result of chemical changes, more oxygen is released to the tissues. These adaptations are so effective that if only half of the red blood cells remain, oxygen delivery may still be about 75 percent of normal. A patient at rest uses only 25 percent of the oxygen available in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "8469060",
"chunk_text": "\"Body fluid\"\nart, though there have been rarer uses of blood (and perhaps feces) for quite some time, and Marcel Duchamp used semen decades ago. Examples include: Body fluid Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids are liquids within the bodies of living people. In normal healthy men, the total body water is about 60% of the total body weight; it is slightly lower in women. A 70 kg (160 pound) man, then, has 42 liters of water in his body. This is divided between ICF and ECF in a two-to-one ratio: 28 liters are inside cells and 14 liters are outside cells.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "20569355",
"chunk_text": "Anemia\nbut the concentrations of hemoglobin and hematocrit initially remains normal until fluids shift from other areas of the body to the intravascular space. The anemia is also classified by severity into mild (110 g/L to normal), moderate (80 g/L to 110 g/L), and severe anemia (less than 80 g/L) in adult males and adult non pregnant females. Different values are used in pregnancy and children. Anemia is typically diagnosed on a complete blood count. Apart from reporting the number of red blood cells and the hemoglobin level, the automatic counters also measure the size of the red blood cells by",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10278879",
"chunk_text": "Hypovolemia\nHypovolemia Hypovolemia is a state of decreased blood volume; more specifically, decrease in volume of blood plasma. It is thus the intravascular component of volume contraction (or loss of blood volume due to things such as bleeding or dehydration), but, as it also is the most essential one, \"\"hypovolemia\"\" and volume contraction are sometimes used synonymously. Hypovolemia is characterized by sodium depletion, and thus is distinct from (although often overlapping with) dehydration, excessive loss of body water. Common causes of hypovolemia are: Symptoms may not be present until 10–20% of total whole-blood volume is lost. Headache, fatigue, nausea, profuse sweating,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
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"chunk_id": "16796547",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood vessel\"\nand vessel radius. Blood viscosity is the thickness of the blood and its resistance to flow as a result of the different components of the blood. Blood is 92% water by weight and the rest of blood is composed of protein, nutrients, electrolytes, wastes, and dissolved gases. Depending on the health of an individual, the blood viscosity can vary (i.e. anemia causing relatively lower concentrations of protein, high blood pressure an increase in dissolved salts or lipids, etc.). Vessel length is the total length of the vessel measured as the distance away from the heart. As the total length of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3718555",
"chunk_text": "\"Red blood cell indices\"\nis the average concentration of hemoglobin per unit volume of red blood cells and is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin by the hematocrit. Red blood cell indices Red blood cell indices are blood tests that provide information about the hemoglobin content and size of red blood cells. Abnormal values indicate the presence of anemia and which type of anemia it is. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is the average volume of a red blood cell and is calculated by dividing the hematocrit (Hct) by the concentration of red blood cell count. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) is the average amount of hemoglobin",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "19341953",
"chunk_text": "Venipuncture\nblood volume in adult animals is 55 to 70 ml/kg body weight. Care should be taken for older and obese animals. If blood collection volume exceeds more than 10% of total blood volume, fluid replacement may be required. Lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) is recommended as the best fluid replacement by National Institutes of Health (NIH). If the volume of blood collection exceeds more than 30% of the total circulatory blood volume, adequate care should be taken so that the animal does not suffer from hypovolemia. It is generally not advisable to use isopropyl alcohol to cleanse the venipuncture site when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13894699",
"chunk_text": "\"Body water\"\nBody water In physiology, body water is the water content of an animal body that is contained in the tissues, the blood, the bones and elsewhere. The percentages of body water contained in various fluid compartments add up to total body water (TBW). This water makes up a significant fraction of the human body, both by weight and by volume. Ensuring the right amount of body water is part of fluid balance, an aspect of homeostasis. By weight, the average human adult male is approximately 60% water and the average adult female is approximately 50%. There can be considerable variation",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
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"chunk_id": "17608608",
"chunk_text": "\"Mean corpuscular volume\"\ncells. For further specification, it can be used to calculate red blood cell distribution width (RDW). The RDW is a statistical calculation made by automated analyzers that reflects the variability in size and shape of the RBCs. To calculate MCV, the hematocrit (Hct) is divided by the concentration of RBCs ([RBC]) formula_1 Normally, MCV is expressed in femtoliters (fL, or 10L), and [RBC] is the quantity expressed in millions per microliter (10 / μL). The normal range for MCV is 80–100 fL. For example, if the Hct = 42.5% and [RBC] = 4.58 million per microliter (4,580,000/μL), then formula_2 The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_id": "7784449",
"chunk_text": "Heart\naverage cardiac output, using an average stroke volume of about 70mL, is 5.25 L/min, with a normal range of 4.0–8.0 L/min. The stroke volume is normally measured using an echocardiogram and can be influenced by the size of the heart, physical and mental condition of the individual, sex, contractility, duration of contraction, preload and afterload. Preload refers to the filling pressure of the atria at the end of diastole, when they are at their fullest. A main factor is how long it takes the ventricles to fill: if the ventricles contract more frequently, then there is less time to fill",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
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"chunk_id": "18469913",
"chunk_text": "\"Complete blood count\"\ngrams per decilitre. A low level of hemoglobin is a sign of anemia. Hematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV): This is the fraction of whole blood volume that consists of red blood cells. RBC Indices are typically calculated from other measured RBC parameters. They include the MHC, MCHC, MCV and RDW. Automated analyzers measure MCV directly, and use it and the RBC to calculate the Hematocrit. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV): the average volume of the red cells, measured in femtolitres. Anemia is classified as microcytic or macrocytic if the MCV value is above or below the expected normal range; anemias",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_id": "10854222",
"chunk_text": "\"Circulatory system\"\n5.7 liters) of blood, accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight. Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Also, the digestive system works with the circulatory system to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart pumping. The cardiovascular systems of humans are closed, meaning that the blood never leaves the network of blood vessels. In contrast, oxygen and nutrients diffuse across the blood vessel layers and enter interstitial fluid, which carries oxygen and nutrients to the target cells, and carbon dioxide and wastes in the opposite direction. The other component",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
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"chunk_id": "2869793",
"chunk_text": "Capillary\nCapillary A capillary is a small blood vessel from 5 to 10 micrometres (µm) in diameter, and having a wall one endothelial cell thick. They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules. These microvessels are the site of exchange of many substances with the interstitial fluid surrounding them. Substances which exit include water (proximal portion), oxygen, and glucose; substances which enter include water (distal portion), carbon dioxide, uric acid, lactic acid, urea and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in the microcirculation. During early",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4078783",
"chunk_text": "\"Stroke volume\"\naortic stenosis and arterial hypertension. Similar to cardiac index, is a method of relating the stroke volume (SV) to the size of the person Body surface area (BSA). formula_2 Stroke volume In cardiovascular physiology, stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat. Stroke volume is calculated using measurements of ventricle volumes from an echocardiogram and subtracting the volume of the blood in the ventricle at the end of a beat (called end-systolic volume) from the volume of blood just prior to the beat (called end-diastolic volume). The term \"\"stroke volume\"\" can apply to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
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"chunk_id": "19398687",
"chunk_text": "\"Red blood cell\"\nthus much more common than the other blood particles: there are about 4,000–11,000 white blood cells and about 150,000–400,000 platelets per microliter. Human red blood cells take on average 60 seconds to complete one cycle of circulation. The blood's red color is due to the spectral properties of the hemic iron ions in hemoglobin. Each human red blood cell contains approximately 270 million of these hemoglobin molecules. Each hemoglobin molecule carries four heme groups; hemoglobin constitutes about a third of the total cell volume. Hemoglobin is responsible for the transport of more than 98% of the oxygen in the body",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3718554",
"chunk_text": "\"Red blood cell indices\"\nRed blood cell indices Red blood cell indices are blood tests that provide information about the hemoglobin content and size of red blood cells. Abnormal values indicate the presence of anemia and which type of anemia it is. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is the average volume of a red blood cell and is calculated by dividing the hematocrit (Hct) by the concentration of red blood cell count. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) is the average amount of hemoglobin (Hb) per red blood cell and is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin by the red blood cell count. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7920769",
"chunk_text": "\"Intravascular volume status\"\ndue to hyponatremia or liver failure). Volume contraction of intravascular fluid (blood plasma) is termed hypovolemia, and its signs include, in order of severity: Signs of intravascular volume overload (high blood volume) include: For the clinical assessment of Intravascular Blood Volume, the BVA-100, a semi-automated blood volume analyzer device that has FDA approval, determines the status of a patient’s blood volume based on the Ideal Height and Weight Method. Using a patient’s ideal weight and actual weight, the percent deviation from the desirable weight is found using the following equation: formula_1 Using the deviation from desirable weight, the BV ratio",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9986748",
"chunk_text": "\"Respiratory minute volume\"\nor RR) are known, minute volume can be calculated by multiplying the two values. One must also take care to consider the effect of dead space on alveolar ventilation, as seen below in \"\"Relationship to other physiological rates\"\". Blood carbon dioxide (PaCO) levels generally vary inversely with minute volume. For example, a person with increased minute volume (e.g. due to hyperventilation) should demonstrate a lower blood carbon dioxide level. The healthy human body will alter minute volume in an attempt to maintain physiologic homeostasis. A normal minute volume while resting is about 5–8 liters per minute in humans. Minute volume",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2209267",
"chunk_text": "\"Cardiac output\"\nCardiac output Cardiac output (CO, also denoted by the symbols formula_1 and formula_2), is a term used in cardiac physiology that describes the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by the left or right ventricle, per unit time. Cardiac output is the product of the heart rate (HR), or the number of heart beats per minute (bpm), and the stroke volume (SV), which is the volume of blood pumped from the ventricle per beat; thus, CO = HR × SV. Values for cardiac output are usually denoted as L/min. For a healthy person weighing 70 kg,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_664
|
what season does bart bass die in gossip girl?
|
n/a
|
[
")"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "18965464",
"chunk_text": "\"New York, I Love You XOXO\"\nNew York, I Love You XOXO \"\"New York, I Love You XOXO\"\" is the series finale of \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". The episode serves as the tenth episode of the sixth season and the show's 121st episode overall. Written by Stephanie Savage, and directed by Mark Piznarski, the series finale originally aired on The CW Television Network (The CW) in the United States on December 17, 2012. \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" follows the lives of a group of young adults coming from a wealthy background. In this final episode, the death of Bart Bass rushes Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) to marry Blair Waldorf (Leighton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13048714",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nThe show finished its first half during the first week of December, with the shocking death of Bart Bass. The second half of the season reveals the impact of Bart's death, causing a significant change of character direction for Chuck that subsequently leads to the growth of Rufus and Lily's relationship, the revelation of the two having a son together, and contributing to the decline of Dan and Serena's relationship. John Shea reprised his role as Harold Waldorf during a Thanksgiving episode and becomes entangled in Blair's striving ambition of attending Yale. Desmond Harrington entered the series as Chuck's manipulative",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 1
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8085411",
"chunk_text": "\"The Debarted (Gossip Girl)\"\nThe Debarted (Gossip Girl) \"\"The Debarted\"\" is the 55th episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". It was also the twelfth episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by executive producer and one of the series' creator Stephanie Savage and directed by Jason Ensler. It originally aired on Monday, December 7, 2009 on the CW. On the first anniversary of Bart Bass' death, Chuck wrestles with hallucinations of Bart (Robert John Burke), who tells him that he is weak. Blair seeks Lily's help in coercing Chuck to visit his father's grave. Meanwhile, Lily cannot find the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8085420",
"chunk_text": "\"The Debarted (Gossip Girl)\"\n\"\"a showdown between Rufus and Dr. Van der Woodsen\"\". The Debarted (Gossip Girl) \"\"The Debarted\"\" is the 55th episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". It was also the twelfth episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by executive producer and one of the series' creator Stephanie Savage and directed by Jason Ensler. It originally aired on Monday, December 7, 2009 on the CW. On the first anniversary of Bart Bass' death, Chuck wrestles with hallucinations of Bart (Robert John Burke), who tells him that he is weak. Blair seeks Lily's help in coercing Chuck to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9388491",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nSerena tries to hide her secret from him. Georgina pretends to be a woman named Sarah from Portland and befriends Dan and Vanessa. It is revealed that Serena left the Upper East Side because she was involved in a drug-related death and felt responsible for the situation. However, the incident is resolved with Serena being absolved of her guilt and Georgina leaves. Dan and Serena decide to end their relationship. Meanwhile, Lily accepts a marriage proposal from Bart Bass, despite her feelings for Rufus, and the season ends with a Bass wedding and Blair waiting for Chuck at the airport.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
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"chunk_id": "1565179",
"chunk_text": "\"New York, I Love You XOXO\"\nMeester) and the identity of Gossip Girl is revealed. A five-year flash forward takes place and shows the wedding of Dan Humphrey (Penn Badgley) to Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively). \"\"New York, I Love You XOXO\"\" received favorable reviews from television critics. Upon its initial airing, the finale was viewed in the United States by 1.55 million people and garnered a 0.8/2 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic, registering as the season's most-watched episode. The series finale picked up where the previous episode left off, where Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) and Bart argue on the roof ending with Bart",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
},
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"chunk_id": "9388505",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\ndecide to go away together, but their car crashes. As a result of the crash Blair loses her baby, Chuck nearly dies, and Blair eventually marries Louis. The season also focuses on Nate running an online gossip site \"\"NYSpectator\"\", Blair and Dan's friendship turning into a relationship, Chuck's quest to find his real parents which leads him to discover that his father, Bart, is still alive, and the effects of CeCe's death on Lily and her marriage to Rufus. At the end of the season, Blair makes a choice between Dan and Chuck, and Lily makes a choice between Rufus",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1141263",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nan unlikely partner – Jack – to take down his father. They meet in a casino in Monte Carlo. Blair turns up, informed by Jack of Chuck's whereabouts. Blair reveals she is 'all in' and one hundred per cent ready to be with him. His decision on the matter is thus far unknown. At the beginning of the season Chuck and Blair make a pact not to be together until Blair succeeds at Waldorf designs and Chuck takes down Bart. After many failed attempts of taking down Bart, Bart and Chuck end up in a fight. This leads to Bart",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
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"chunk_id": "12241349",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nattempts to find herself through a new job and brief love affairs with Carter, Nate's married cousin Tripp, and eventually Nate himself. The season ends dramatically with Chuck getting robbed and shot. Season four's main mystery revolves around Juliet Sharp (Katie Cassidy), a secretive girl with an agenda against Serena involving her past. The second half of the season builds on the complications of Serena's new found relationship with her former teacher Colin, Chuck trying to regain control of Bass Industries from Russell Thorpe (Michael Boatman), and Dan and Blair's growing friendship. The season also focuses on Lily's past betrayals",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
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"chunk_id": "1141235",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nfamily home. Serena discovers that the culprit was actually Georgina Sparks, a past classmate of both Serena and Chuck. It is later revealed that Chuck lost his virginity to Georgina in the sixth grade. Chuck and Blair join together to prevent Georgina from further harming and embarrassing Serena. This process rekindles their bond, and they succeed in getting rid of Georgina. At Bart and Lily's wedding at the end of Season 1, Chuck apologizes and confesses to Nate that he was in love with Blair. During the wedding reception, Chuck gives a speech about forgiveness that is implied to be",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
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"chunk_id": "13571998",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nand Bart. Serena is seen leaving town while Dan decides to write a new book about the Upper East Side, with the help of Georgina. On May 11, 2012, it was announced \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" would return for a shortened sixth and final season, which premiered on October 8, 2012. During the CW upfronts, network president Mark Pedowitz said the number of episodes had not yet been decided and could consist of 10, 11, or 13 episodes with a retrospective, meaning it would end before Christmas. The season premiered with 0.78 million viewers tuning in, marking a series low for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
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"chunk_id": "8742124",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert John Burke\"\nRobert John Burke Robert John Burke (born September 12, 1960) is an American actor. Burke was born in Washington Heights, Manhattan, the son of immigrants from Galway, Ireland. He attended the Acting Conservatory at State University of New York at Purchase. Burke holds a second degree black belt in Matsubayashi, Shorin-ryu Okinawa karate and is also a certified and active New York State firefighter. Burke was a cast member on Denis Leary's \"\"Rescue Me\"\" and played Bart Bass on The CW's \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". He was working on the TV series \"\"Kidnapped\"\" for NBC and was a featured character on ABC's",
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"page_id": 11
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"chunk_id": "6241263",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nChuck to re-enter the building once everyone is gone, which he does, and it is revealed that Bart Bass is still alive. Bart reveals that he faked his death to save Chuck and Lily, and has been hiding from everyone for the past three years. The car crash actually happened, and that it was ordered by one of Bart's enemies. When he was in the hospital, he paid the doctor to say he died and then recruited Diana Payne to help him hide. Diana kept Bart informed of when Chuck was in trouble, so when Chuck was in the hospital,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6241237",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nher. Eventually, his father is killed in a car accident. Lily adopts him so that he's able to own Bass Industries, making Serena and Eric his sister and brother. When Blair begins dating Nate again, Chuck realizes his true feelings for her. The two team up to take down Poppy Lifton, and Blair realizes that she still has feelings for Chuck as well. She breaks up with Nate. In the final episode of season 2, Chuck admits to Blair his true feelings and the two finally begin a relationship. When Season 3 returns, Chuck and Blair are very happy and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2961910",
"chunk_text": "\"Gone Maybe Gone\"\n(Kelly Rutherford) annuls her marriage to Rufus Humphrey (Matthew Settle) in order to get back with Bart Bass (Robert John Burke) who recently resurfaced. Ivy Dickens (Kaylee DeFer) plans to take down Lily with the help of Lola Rhodes (Ella Rae Peck). \"\"Gone Maybe Gone\"\" picks up right after those events; Blair and Chuck have sex in a room of the casino's hotel, Serena is seen unconscious in the train, Dan is in Italy with Georgina who tries to make him write, and Nate prints pictures of a video featuring the masked Gossip Girl. Four months later, Lily and Bart",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8742128",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert John Burke\"\nin Spike Lee's \"\"BlacKkKlansman\"\" in 2018. Robert John Burke Robert John Burke (born September 12, 1960) is an American actor. Burke was born in Washington Heights, Manhattan, the son of immigrants from Galway, Ireland. He attended the Acting Conservatory at State University of New York at Purchase. Burke holds a second degree black belt in Matsubayashi, Shorin-ryu Okinawa karate and is also a certified and active New York State firefighter. Burke was a cast member on Denis Leary's \"\"Rescue Me\"\" and played Bart Bass on The CW's \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". He was working on the TV series \"\"Kidnapped\"\" for NBC and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12864410",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Waldorf\"\nline. In the penultimate episode, Bart falls to his death while trying to attack Chuck atop a building. Afterward, Blair and Chuck depart together. In the series finale, Blair marries Chuck which results in her not having to testify against him in his father's murder case. Five years later, Blair is shown to be running her mother's successful fashion line and she works with Jenny in a line called \"\"J for Waldorf\"\", and she and Chuck are shown to have a son named Henry. While covering the book series, Janet Malcolm of \"\"The New Yorker\"\" labeled the character \"\"an antiheroine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20535384",
"chunk_text": "\"Gone Maybe Gone\"\nGone Maybe Gone \"\"Gone Maybe Gone\"\" is the first episode of the sixth and final season of the American television teen drama, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" and the show's 112th episode overall. Written by series developers Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage and directed by Mark Piznarski, the episode was originally broadcast on The CW Television Network (The CW) in the United States on October 8, 2012. \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" follows the lives of a group of young adults coming from a wealthy background. In this episode, the group consisting of Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester), Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick), Nate Archibald (Chace Crawford) Dan",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17976465",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl (season 4)\"\nwith Zap2it, stating \"\"the answer is in the finale.\"\" On May 16, 2011, \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" announced that \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" author Cecily von Ziegesar would be making a cameo for the season finale. Season four begins with Serena and Blair enjoying their summer in Paris, until the unexpected appearance of Chuck Bass, who is using a false name and cozying up to a new girl. Blair has to decide if she wants to fight for Chuck or spend her energy trying to rule Columbia University. Serena needs to choose between Nate and Dan, but Dan is a bit busy coping with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1469323",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl (season 5)\"\nWilliam van der Woodsen, for the season's 17th episode, which aired in February 2012. It was also reported that Desmond Harrington, who made a cameo appearance in the fall finale, would return as Chuck's uncle, Jack Bass. Also guest starring was \"\"One Life to Live\"\"s alum David A. Gregory as a friend of the real Charlie Rhodes (Ella Rae Peck). Cobra Starship's Gabe Saporta made a cameo in season 5 finale. Season five opens in Los Angeles, where a vacationing Chuck and Nate decide to visit Serena, who is working on a film set. Back in New York, Blair learns",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16529883",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lost Boy (Gossip Girl)\"\nThe Lost Boy (Gossip Girl) \"\"The Lost Boy\"\" is the 46th episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". It was also the third episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by Robert Hull and directed by Jean de Segonzac. It originally aired on Monday, September 28, 2009 on the CW. \"\"The Lost Boy\"\" shows Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) and Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) plotting against each other when a particular item up for bid at Sotheby's raises their personal interests. Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) suspects Carter Baizen's (Sebastian Stan) return to his old habits",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1565181",
"chunk_text": "\"New York, I Love You XOXO\"\nto stay in New York to confront Dan. William van der Woodsen (William Baldwin) shows up to support Lily Bass (Kelly Rutherford) and tells Ivy Dickens (Kaylee DeFer) that he used her to get back to Lily. With the death of Bart Bass, Nate Archibald (Chace Crawford) who is running the newspaper \"\"The Spectator\"\", is no longer indebted to him (Bart paid his debts to control him) and he decides to find out for good who Gossip Girl is. Jack and Georgina Sparks (Michelle Trachtenberg) deal with the arrangements of Chuck and Blair's wedding. Before the ceremony, Serena and Blair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1141262",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nBart was the one who donated his blood to save Chuck. In \"\"The Return of the Ring\"\", Bart drops the bombshell that he will be returning to Bass Industries as \"\"the only Bass in Bass Industries\"\", pushing Chuck out of the company. Bart tells Chuck that the most he did was 'redecorate' and give everything up for Blair. After this, Blair declares her love for Chuck, admitting she finally really wants them to be together. Chuck rejects her in anger, shadowing the words she once said to him: \"\"I don't want to be Mr. Blair Waldorf.\"\" Chuck pairs up with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1141226",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nChuck Bass Charles Bartholomew \"\"Chuck\"\" Bass is a fictional character in the novel and television series \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". In the TV series, he is portrayed by English actor Ed Westwick. Although he is a secondary antagonist in the original book series, the TV series elevates him to an antiheroic main character, and the male lead of the show, where he is noted for his financial ambition, hedonism and personal style. Since they were children, Chuck has been best friends with Nate Archibald, Serena van der Woodsen and Blair Waldorf, who is his main romantic interest throughout the series. In the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6550777",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl (season 1)\"\nand Serena's mother Lily (Kelly Rutherford) in their youth. As a subplot, Blair and Nate suffer problems in their relationship when the dangerously seductive Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) conquers Blair's fragile heart. The manipulative Georgina Sparks (Michelle Trachtenberg) arrives, creating a lot of trouble and revealing the real reason behind Serena's disappearance: a death Serena thought she was responsible for. When Georgina arrives on the Upper East Side she poses as a naive woman named Sarah in order to destroy Serena's newfound happiness. She succeeds in exposing Serena's deep-hidden secrets, taking Dan away from her and outing Serena's brother as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12241347",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nYouth. The ninth episode of the season caused a significant amount of controversy. Parent groups urged The CW not to air the episode as it contained a threesome. The preview for the episode revolved around an \"\"OM3\"\" theme. CW ignored these requests and announced that it was going to air the episode as planned. Robert John Burke, who played Chuck's father, Bart Bass, returned for \"\"A Christmas Carol\"\" themed episode in December, while Desmond Harrington returned as Chuck's uncle Jack with a major storyline affecting Chuck and Blair's relationship again and involving Chuck's estranged mother Evelyn Bass Fisher (Laura Harring).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17343284",
"chunk_text": "\"Gone Maybe Gone\"\nstoryline, which was criticized. In the fifth season finale, Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) decides she wants to have a relationship with Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) and she meets him in a casino of Monte Carlo. Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) leaves New York City after being rejected by Blair and Dan Humphrey (Penn Badgley) and does drugs with a stranger in a train. Dan decides to expose the real world of the Upper East Side in his new book and teams up with Georgina Sparks (Michelle Trachtenberg) while Nate Archibald (Chace Crawford) tries to unmask Gossip Girl. Lily Bass",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3761221",
"chunk_text": "\"Much 'I Do' About Nothing\"\nMuch 'I Do' About Nothing \"\"Much 'I Do' About Nothing\"\" is the 18th episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" as well as the series first season finale. The episode was written by Josh Schwartz & Stephanie Savage and directed by Norman Buckley. It originally aired on Monday, May 19, 2008 on the CW. Blair takes matters into her own hands to help Serena deal with the manipulative and evil Georgina Sparks who threatens to expose Serena's secret. Lily, while keeping Rufus in her mind, prepares for her wedding with Bart Bass that is designed to be the Upper",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12241345",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nin the final episode as the last blast, where Serena decides to find out who \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" really is, but ultimately fails. The season finale ended with a well-received kiss between Blair and Chuck. The third season focuses on Blair, Dan and Vanessa getting into New York University along with movie star Olivia Burke (Hilary Duff), whom Dan starts dating; Nate getting into Columbia University; Serena taking a year off from school; Jenny becoming Queen Bee at Constance; and Chuck running Bass Industries, along with now adoptive mother Lily van der Woodsen. The first couple of episodes feature part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "269203",
"chunk_text": "\"The Goodbye Gossip Girl\"\nThe Goodbye Gossip Girl \"\"The Goodbye Gossip Girl\"\" is the 43rd episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". It was also the twenty-fifth and final episode of the show's second season. The episode was written by Joshua Safran and directed by Norman Buckley. It originally aired on Monday, May 18, 2009 on the CW. \"\"The Goodbye Gossip Girl\"\" opens with graduation at Constance Billard and St. Jude's. Everything seems to be going smoothly until Gossip Girl sends a devastating e-mail blast that humiliates the majority of the senior class, prompting Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) to seek out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1141231",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nshow's major ongoing storylines. Chuck is the resident \"\"bad boy\"\" of the Upper East Side, and like Blair, is both vengeful and manipulative; the two often scheme elaborate plans together. As the show progresses, Chuck develops a softer side, specifically towards Blair, his chief love interest, and Lily, Eric, and Serena, his adoptive mother, brother, and sister. Chuck grew up on the Upper East Side with his three best friends and fellow elites Nate Archibald, Blair Waldorf, and future-stepsister Serena van der Woodsen. His father is Bart Bass, a self-made billionaire, which is irregular, compared to the Bass' old money",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9388478",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nand was later replaced by Margaret Colin. Badgley at first turned down the part of Dan, as did Lively—who planned to attend college—for the role of Serena. Actors for the roles of Chuck Bass and Rufus Humphrey were found in April when English actor Ed Westwick, and Matthew Settle were cast. Westwick first read for the role of Nate but was then asked to try Chuck. As rumors swirled about the impending cancellation of \"\"Veronica Mars\"\", it was revealed at The CW's 2007 Upfronts on May 17, 2007, that Kristen Bell had narrated the pilot, thus making her the title",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6241249",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nlove interest is Raina and her father is Russell Thorpe, a former rival of Chuck's late father Bart Bass. Russell is the main contender to buy Bass industries. Chuck, however, manages to save the company after it is revealed that Russell accidentally killed his wife in a building fire that Bart was originally accused of. In \"\"The Princess and the Frog\"\" he learns that Blair's relationship with Louis is serious, and that there is talk about them getting engaged. He gets drunk and embarrasses Blair in front of Louis' mother, and later tries to force himself on her, while pushing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14334849",
"chunk_text": "\"The Goodbye Gossip Girl\"\nthe identity of Gossip Girl. Unfortunately, Gossip Girl further wreaks havoc on the senior class during a party just when Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) and Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) decide to confess their feelings for one another, interrupting them, causing previous issues to resurface between them. Dan Humphrey (Penn Badgley), Nate Archibald (Chace Crawford), and Vanessa Abrams (Jessica Szohr) are caught in the crossfire of Serena's war with Gossip girl and Jenny Humphrey (Taylor Momsen) faces the prospect of becoming Queen when Blair's minions rebel against her make a bidding war on who will be the next Queen Bee. Serena",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20368152",
"chunk_text": "\"Yes, Then Zero\"\nYes, Then Zero \"\"Yes, Then Zero\"\" is the 88th episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\", as well as the first episode of the show's fifth season. The episode was written by executive producer Joshua Safran and directed by Mark Piznarski. It aired on Monday,September 26, 2011 on the CW. \"\"Yes, Then Zero\"\" opens the fifth season with most of the cast settled in Los Angeles for the summer. Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) has found a job working for a production company but finds herself at odds with a co-worker. Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) and Nate Archibald",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2635285",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Waldorf\"\nChuck. After taking steps to end her marriage, she chooses to begin a romantic relationship with Dan. By the end of the season, however, after a debate about which love is the best—with Dan she feels safe, with Chuck she feels vulnerable—Blair declares that she is still in love with Chuck, and chooses to pursue him. In the final season, Blair resumes her romantic relationship with Chuck, while Chuck and his father Bart—who is revealed to be alive in the previous season—become bitter rivals. Blair pursues her career as head of Waldorf Designs, with several mishaps, before staging a successful",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20056823",
"chunk_text": "\"Bart McQueen\"\ncan't wait for people to see the way Bart has changed since the last time he was in the village. He's definitely going to ruffle a few feathers with a sinister secret!\"\" Bart returned on 13 February 2017. Bart made a previously unannounced departure from the show on 14 April 2017 when he was murdered by Warren Fox (Jamie Lomas). Bart first appears at his stepmother's funeral, where he meets Myra McQueen (Nicole Barber-Lane) and his second cousins Michaela McQueen (Hollie-Jay Bowes) and Theresa McQueen (Jorgie Porter). After the funeral, Bart is caught shoplifting by policeman Dominic Reilly (John Pickard),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1141229",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nin school. Following flings with numerous females and males, his only serious relationship comes near the end of the series, when he begins dating Blair Waldorf, a self-obsessed, luxury loving teenager. In the twelfth book in the series, \"\"Gossip Girl: It Had To Be You\"\" (2007), Chuck is rejected from colleges because of poor grades and is sent to military school by his father. When next mentioned in \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" spin-off, \"\"The Carlyles\"\" (2008), it is stated that Chuck never showed up to military school, and his whereabouts thereafter are unknown. In the thirteenth \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" novel, \"\"I Will Always",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16529820",
"chunk_text": "\"The Serena Also Rises\"\nMomsen) becomes a casualty of Blair's schemes as her father Rufus Humphrey (Matthew Settle) begins to see through her Jenny's lies. Meanwhile, Dan Humphrey (Penn Badgley) decides to hang out with Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) to improve his writing, incidentally discovering a darker side to Chuck. Lily Bass (Kelly Rutherford) finds difficulty in her marriage with Bart Bass (Robert John Burke) when details behind her past are uncovered. Blair designs a seating plan for Eleanor's fashion show and attempts to get back in favour with the girls at school by presenting them with front row tickets. However, the girls' attention",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6241251",
"chunk_text": "\"Chuck Bass\"\nthe episode, Chuck decides to spend the summer traveling with Nate. Following the 20th episode of Season 4, Safran spoke on behalf of the series regarding the scene in which Chuck became violent with Blair. In the first episode of season 5, we find out that Chuck has spent his summer traveling the world with Nate. The two arrive in Los Angeles to meet up with Serena, who is working as an assistant on a film set. Seemingly over his break up with Blair, Chuck exhibits a positive outlook on life, telling Serena and Nate that he's seeking to experience",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13572000",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\ncameo as herself (but is not revealed as Gossip Girl). Several former \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" cast members appear in the finale, including Jessica Szohr, who played Vanessa Abrams, and Katie Cassidy, who played Juliet Sharp. Former series regulars Connor Paolo (Eric van der Woodsen) and Taylor Momsen (Jenny Humphrey), each appear also with one line a piece. Season 6 begins with Chuck and Blair who part ways after making a pact that they will unite once they both achieve their individual goals. Chuck goes on his way to try to regain Bass Industries from his father who stole it from him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9388473",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nShe is reunited with her frenemy Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) and her mother Lily van der Woodsen (Kelly Rutherford), while she also meets Dan Humphrey (Penn Badgley), an aspiring writer from Brooklyn. Other main characters are played by Chace Crawford, Ed Westwick, Taylor Momsen, Jessica Szohr, Matthew Settle and Kaylee DeFer. The success of \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" led to adaptations outside the United States. The show has received numerous award nominations, winning 18 Teen Choice Awards. The CW officially renewed \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" for a sixth and final season on May 11, 2012. The final season, consisting of 10 episodes, premiered on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1281854",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Humphrey\"\nfeelings for Vanessa. Vanessa unfortunately, falls for theater student, Paul Hoffman. With Olivia gone, Dan confesses his love for Vanessa during the anniversary of Bart Bass' death but Vanessa turns him down. Dan attempts to impress Vanessa by impressing Gabriela that ends with Gabriela telling Dan that if he breaks Vanessa's heart, their friendship wouldn't make it. Vanessa eventually reveals her feelings for Dan at a beach party when Dan arrives with a fresh date and Vanessa gets back together with Paul Hoffman. Dan had been unaware that Vanessa had ended her relationship with Paul until Paul and Dan's date",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14944958",
"chunk_text": "\"The Backup Dan\"\nThe Backup Dan \"\"The Backup Dan\"\" is the fourteenth episode of season 5 on the show \"\"Gossip Girl\"\". The episode was directed by David Warren and written by Matt Whitney. It was aired on February 6, 2012, on the CW. Similar to previous names in the TV series, the title of the episode references a work on literature. The title reference is from the 2010 film \"\"The Back-up Plan\"\". Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively): Nate Archibald (Chace Crawford): Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester): Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick): Daniel Humphrey (Penn Badgely) Following the wedding, Blair tries to leave for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5740491",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl\"\nshow. The following week, there was a further drop in viewership, with only 0.76 million viewers, once again breaking the record for series-low ratings. On October 29, 2012, the episode \"\"Portrait of a Lady Alexander\"\" was postponed due to the impact of Hurricane Sandy on the Eastern Seaboard. Widespread power outages led to the decision of pushing the new episode back a week and re-airing the previous episode, \"\"Dirty Rotten Scandal\"\". On December 17, 2012, the series broadcast its finale on U.S. television on the CW network. Actress Kristen Bell, the narrator of the series during all seasons makes a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16786000",
"chunk_text": "\"Gossip Girl (season 2)\"\nGossip Girl (season 2) The second season of the American teen drama television series \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" premiered on The CW on September 1, 2008, and concluded on May 17, 2009, consisting of 25 episodes. Based on the novel series of the same name by Cecily von Ziegesar, the series was developed for television by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage. The series revolves around the lives of privileged teenagers Serena van der Woodsen, Blair Waldorf, Dan Humphrey, Nate Archibald, Jenny Humphrey, and Chuck Bass attending an elite private school on Manhattan's Upper East Side in New York City. It also features",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12864396",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Waldorf\"\nmark the end of the series. In of \"\"Gossip Girl\"\", Blair is introduced as the Upper East Side's beautiful and popular queen bee. She is the daughter of Eleanor Waldorf, a famous fashion designer. She is dating Nate Archibald, and is best friends with Serena van der Woodsen. She also finds a close companion in Nate's best friend and her childhood friend Chuck Bass, who becomes a partner for her schemes. When Serena returns home from boarding school, Blair learns from Nate that he lost his virginity to a drunken Serena over a year ago. Blair retaliates by publicly revealing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12864399",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Waldorf\"\nby \"\"People\"\" magazine. While competing with Serena, Blair forms an unexpected friendship with Jenny, who states that they each work for everything they achieve, while Serena often glides through life. During their interviews at Yale University, Blair and Serena apologize for their ill feelings and resume their friendship. In the episode \"\"O Brother, Where Bart Thou?\"\", Chuck is devastated by news of his father's death, prompting Blair to offer her support while telling Chuck that she loves him. He initially shuns her advances, but later turns to her for comfort. However, the two stop seeing each other due to Chuck's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12144201",
"chunk_text": "\"Blair Waldorf\"\nbe maintained are her admiration for Audrey Hepburn and her interest in Yale University. However, the series is also noted for its deviations from the source material, including the exclusion of Blair's brother Tyler. The show also explores romances between Blair and multiple male leads, resulting in occasional love triangles. In the fifth season, Blair is revealed to be pregnant with Prince of Monaco, Louis Grimaldi's child. However the child later dies before birth after a car crash Blair and Chuck were in. Among fans and the media, Blair's bond with Chuck Bass was commonly known by the portmanteau \"\"Chair\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20041666",
"chunk_text": "\"Easy J\"\nEasy J \"\"Easy J\"\" is the 71st episode of the CW television series, \"\"Gossip Girl\"\", as well as the sixth episode of the show's fourth season. The episode was written by Jake Coburn and directed by Lee Shallat-Chemel. It aired on Monday, October 25, 2010 on the CW. \"\"Easy J\"\" focuses on the return of Jenny Humphrey (Taylor Momsen) and the consequences she faces from her short visit to Manhattan while Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) hunts her down in the hope of maintaining her social order and eschewing any possible attempts by Chuck Bass (Ed Westwick) to ruin her at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_665
|
when did france and belgium invade the ruhr?
|
n/a
|
[
"11 January 1923",
"January 1923",
"1923"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9503760",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nOccupation of the Ruhr The Occupation of the Ruhr () was a period of military occupation of the German Ruhr valley by France and Belgium between 1923 and 1925. The occupation was a response to the Weimar Republic widely and regularly defaulting on reparation payments in the early 1920s. The total reparation sum of £6.6 billion had been dictated by the Triple Entente in 1921 in the Treaty of Versailles, and the reparation payments were due to last several decades. The Ruhr region had been occupied by Allied troops in the immediate aftermath of the First World War, during the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 0
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"chunk_id": "9503776",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nso it never managed to unite the right before it had faded away by the late 1920s, as the NSDAP emerged. Occupation of the Ruhr The Occupation of the Ruhr () was a period of military occupation of the German Ruhr valley by France and Belgium between 1923 and 1925. The occupation was a response to the Weimar Republic widely and regularly defaulting on reparation payments in the early 1920s. The total reparation sum of £6.6 billion had been dictated by the Triple Entente in 1921 in the Treaty of Versailles, and the reparation payments were due to last several",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
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"chunk_id": "20096482",
"chunk_text": "Ruhr\nnot stand up for their allies in the East. Hitler could now continue eroding the alliance system that France had built since 1919. On 16 October 1936, Belgium repudiated the 1921 alliance with France and declared its absolute neutrality. In October 1937, Belgium signed a non-aggression pact with Germany. During World War II, the bombing of the Ruhr in 1940–1944 caused a loss of 30% of plant and equipment (compared to 15–20% for German industry as a whole). A second battle of the Ruhr (6/7 October 1944 – end of 1944) began with an attack on Dortmund. The devastating bombing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
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"chunk_id": "9503767",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nworld into another world war. Initiated by French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré, the invasion took place on 11 January 1923. General Alphonse Caron’s 32nd infantry corps under the supervision of General Jean-Marie Degoutte carried out the operation. Following France's decision to invade the Ruhr, the Inter-Allied Mission for Control of Factories and Mines (MICUM) was set up as a means of ensuring coal repayments from Germany. The occupation was greeted by a campaign of passive resistance. Approximately 130 German civilians were killed by the French occupation army during the events, including during civil disobedience protests, e.g. against dismissal of German",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
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"chunk_id": "7811010",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Belgium\"\n(German: \"\"Zusammenfassender Bericht des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht über die Operationen im Westen vom 10. Mai bis 4. Juni\"\") reports: Battle of Belgium The Battle of Belgium or Belgian Campaign, often referred to within Belgium as the 18 Days' Campaign (, ), formed part of the greater Battle of France, an offensive campaign by Germany during the Second World War. It took place over 18 days in May 1940 and ended with the German occupation of Belgium following the surrender of the Belgian Army. On 10 May 1940, Germany invaded Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Belgium under the operational plan \"\"Fall Gelb\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4167628",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Belgium\"\nBattle of Belgium The Battle of Belgium or Belgian Campaign, often referred to within Belgium as the 18 Days' Campaign (, ), formed part of the greater Battle of France, an offensive campaign by Germany during the Second World War. It took place over 18 days in May 1940 and ended with the German occupation of Belgium following the surrender of the Belgian Army. On 10 May 1940, Germany invaded Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Belgium under the operational plan \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow). The Allied armies attempted to halt the German Army in Belgium, believing it to be the main",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11749298",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nGerman invasion of Belgium The German invasion of Belgium was a military campaign which began on 4 August 1914. Earlier, on 24 July, the Belgian government had announced that if war came it would uphold its historic neutrality. The Belgian government mobilised its armed forces on 31 July and a state of heightened alert () was proclaimed in Germany. On 2 August, the German government sent an ultimatum to Belgium, demanding passage through the country and German forces invaded Luxembourg. Two days later, the Belgian Government refused the demands and the British Government guaranteed military support to Belgium. The German",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6622590",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of France\"\nBattle of France The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In the six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and invaded France over the Alps. The German plan for the invasion consisted of two main operations. In \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow), German armoured units",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8119604",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nJournals Websites German invasion of Belgium The German invasion of Belgium was a military campaign which began on 4 August 1914. Earlier, on 24 July, the Belgian government had announced that if war came it would uphold its historic neutrality. The Belgian government mobilised its armed forces on 31 July and a state of heightened alert () was proclaimed in Germany. On 2 August, the German government sent an ultimatum to Belgium, demanding passage through the country and German forces invaded Luxembourg. Two days later, the Belgian Government refused the demands and the British Government guaranteed military support to Belgium.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8119572",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nall its splendour, had feet of clay\"\". In 2007, Foley called the neutralisation of the Belgian defences at Liège sufficient to enable the German right wing to squeeze through, a small bump in the road for the Germans, who had mobilised in two weeks and were ready to invade France by 20 August. The Battle of Haelen was fought by mounted and dismounted cavalry and other forces on 12 August 1914 between German forces, led by Georg von der Marwitz and Belgian forces, led by Léon de Witte. To block a German advance towards Hasselt and Diest, the Cavalry Division",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11749309",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nthe field army massed in the centre of the country from the border, ready to manoeuvre to delay an invasion, while the frontiers were protected by the fortified regions of Liège and Namur. The German invasion of Belgium on 4 August 1914, in violation of Article VII of the Treaty of London was the \"\"Causus belli\"\", the reason given by the British government, for declaring war on Germany. Belgian military planning was based on the assumption that other powers would eject an invader but the likelihood of a German invasion did not lead to France and Britain being seen as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17769253",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Belgium\"\nrear, through an attack on the Netherlands. Such a strategy would also rely on the French to move quickly into Belgium and support the garrison there. Politically, the Belgians did not trust the French. Marshal Philippe Pétain had suggested a French strike at Germany's Ruhr area using Belgium as a spring-board in October 1930 and again in January 1933. Belgium feared it would be drawn into a war regardless, and sought to avoid that eventuality. The Belgians also feared being drawn into a war as a result of the French–Soviet pact of May 1935. The Franco-Belgian agreement stipulated Belgium was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9503769",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nthe Weimar Republic, including the Beer Hall Putsch. The Rhenish Republic was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923. Though the French did succeed in making their occupation of the Ruhr pay, the Germans through their passive resistance in the Ruhr and the hyperinflation that wrecked their economy, won the world's sympathy, and under heavy Anglo-American financial pressure (the simultaneous decline in the value of the franc made the French very open to pressure from Wall Street and the City), the French were forced to agree to the Dawes Plan of April 1924, which substantially lowered German reparations payments. Under",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1209766",
"chunk_text": "\"Western Allied invasion of Germany\"\nWestern Allied invasion of Germany The Western Allied invasion of Germany was coordinated by the Western Allies during the final months of hostilities in the European theatre of World War II. In preparation for the Allied invasion of Germany, a series of Offensive Operations were designed to seize and capture the east and west bank of the Rhine River. Operation Veritable and Operation Grenade in February 1945, and Operation Lumberjack and Operation Undertone in March 1945. Allied invasion of Germany started with the Western Allies crossing the Rhine River on 22 March 1945 before fanning out and overrunning all of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8119577",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nlonger than the Germans had anticipated, which allowed Belgium and France more time to mobilise. The Belgian army had of whom from the 4th Division, which was moved to Le Havre and then by sea to Ostend on 27 August, from where it re-joined the field army at Antwerp. The authors of \"\"Der Weltkrieg\"\", the German Official History recorded the taking of and French prisoners, the capture of twelve field guns and a loss of casualties, of whom killed. The Battle of Charleroi was fought on 21 August 1914, between French and German forces and was part of the Battle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366086",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nevacuated, as the Battle of the Drina ended. Next day General Paul von Hindenburg was appointed (\"\"Ober Ost\"\", Commander-in-Chief of German Armies in the Eastern Theatre). The Race to the Sea took place from about 1914, after the Battle of the Frontiers (7 August–13 September) and the German advance into France, which had been stopped at the First Battle of the Marne and was followed by the First Battle of the Aisne a Franco-British counter-offensive. The term described reciprocal attempts by the Franco-British and German armies, to envelop the northern flank of the opposing army through Picardy, Artois and Flanders,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16572933",
"chunk_text": "\"Operation Queen\"\nmid-December the Allies finally reached the Rur and tried to capture its important dams, when the Germans launched their own offensive dubbed \"\"Wacht am Rhein\"\". The ensuing Battle of the Bulge led to the immediate cessation of the Allied offensive efforts into Germany until February 1945. In June 1944, the Allies conducted the invasion in Northern France and opened a second front. After the Allied breakout from Normandy, the German \"\"Wehrmacht\"\" was involved in a string of disastrous battles in July and August, most notably the Falaise pocket. Following those events, the German defense in northern and western France disintegrated,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7855663",
"chunk_text": "\"Western Front (World War I)\"\nWestern Front (World War I) The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1994017",
"chunk_text": "\"Phoney War\"\nPhoney War The Phoney War (; ) was an eight-month period at the start of World War II, during which there was only one limited military land operation on the Western Front, when French troops invaded Germany's Saar district. The Phoney period began with the declaration of war by the United Kingdom and France against Nazi Germany on , and ended with the German attack on France and the Low Countries on 10 May 1940. While there was no large-scale military action by Britain and France, they did begin economic warfare, and shut down German surface raiders. They created elaborate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "81321",
"chunk_text": "\"Ruhr Question\"\nthe north, Dortmund in the east, and Düsseldorf in the south. Germany defaulted on reparations, causing France and Belgium to occupy the cities of Düsseldorf, Duisburg, and Ruhrort in 1921 and the remaining Ruhr area stretching east to Dortmund in 1923. The occupation of the Ruhr, including control of the factories and coal mines, lasted until the agreement of the Dawes Plan in 1924. The confiscated of Düsseldorf served as the command center of the occupation of the Ruhr until the French withdrew on August 25th, 1925. At the end of the Second World War, the Allies once again asked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14653204",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Rhineland\"\nand attributed mainly to Senegalese Tirailleurs. The events resulted in a widespread campaign by the German right-wing press, which dubbed them as \"\"The Black Shame\"\" (\"\"Die schwarze Schande\"\" or \"\"Die schwarze Schmach\"\") and depicted them as a form of French humiliation of the German nation. In 1923, in response to German failure to pay reparations under the Treaty of Versailles, France and Belgium occupied the industrial Ruhr area of Germany, most of which lies across the river on the east bank of the Rhine, until 1925. Many Germans were killed during civil disobedience protests. e.g. against dismissal of German officials.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16634646",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Ardennes\"\nBattle of the Ardennes The Battle of the Ardennes was a battle of the First World War fought on the frontiers of France, Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg from 21 to 23 August 1914. The German armies defeated the French armies and forced the French armies to retreat. The battle was part of the larger Battle of the Frontiers, the first battle of the Western Front. Belgian military planning was based on an assumption that other powers would eject an invader but the likelihood of a German invasion did not lead to France and Britain being seen as allies or for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366047",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nAntwerp on 19 August. Brussels was occupied the following day and the Siege of Namur began on 21 August. After the Battle of Mons and the Battle of Charleroi, the bulk of the German armies marched south into France, leaving small forces to garrison Brussels and the Belgian railways. The III Reserve Corps advanced to the fortified zone around Antwerp and a division of the IV Reserve Corps took over in Brussels. The Belgian field army made several sorties from Antwerp in late August and September to harass German communications and to assist the French and the British Expeditionary Force",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366052",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nA German military administration was established on 26 August 1914, to rule through the pre-war Belgian administrative system, overseen by a small group of German officers and officials. Belgium was divided into administrative zones, the General Government of Brussels and its hinterland; a second zone, under the 4th Army, including Ghent and Antwerp and a third zone under the German Navy along the coastline. The German occupation lasted until late 1918. The 1839 Treaty of London recognised Belgium as an independent and neutral state. Until 1911, Belgian strategic analysis anticipated that if war came, the Germans would attack France across",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6745429",
"chunk_text": "Essen\nwere then strikes in the Krupp factory. On January 11, 1923, the Occupation of the Ruhr was carried out by the invasion of French and Belgian troops into the Ruhr. The French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré was convinced that Germany failed to comply the demands of the Treaty of Versailles. On the morning of March 31, 1923 it came to the sad culmination of this French-German confrontation. A small French military command, occupied the Krupp car hall to seize several vehicles. This event called 13 deaths and 28 injured. The occupation of the Ruhr ended in summer 1925. Heinrich Maria",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9503770",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nthe Dawes Plan, Germany paid only 1 billion marks in 1924, and then increasing amounts for the next three years, until the total rose to 2.25 billion marks by 1927. Internationally, the French invasion of Germany did much to boost sympathy for the German Republic although no action was taken in the League of Nations since it was technically legal under the Treaty of Versailles. The French, with their own economic problems, eventually accepted the Dawes Plan and withdrew from the occupied areas in July and August 1925. The last French troops evacuated Düsseldorf and Duisburg along with the city's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4647060",
"chunk_text": "Belgium\nRuanda-Urundi (modern-day Rwanda and Burundi) during the war, and in 1924 the League of Nations mandated them to Belgium. In the aftermath of the First World War, Belgium annexed the Prussian districts of Eupen and Malmedy in 1925, thereby causing the presence of a German-speaking minority. German forces again invaded the country in May 1940, and 40,690 Belgians, over half of them Jews, were killed during the subsequent occupation and The Holocaust. From September 1944 to February 1945 the Allies liberated Belgium. After World War II, a general strike forced King Leopold III to abdicate in 1951, since many Belgians",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11749299",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\ngovernment declared war on Belgium on 4 August, troops crossed the border and began the Battle of Liège. German military operations in Belgium were intended to bring the 1st, 2nd and 3rd armies into positions in Belgium from which they could invade France, which after the fall of Liège on 7 August, led to sieges of Belgian fortresses along the Meuse river at Namur and the surrender of the last forts (16–17 August). The government abandoned the capital, Brussels, on 17 August and after fighting on the Gete river, the Belgian field army withdrew westwards to the National Redoubt at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4647059",
"chunk_text": "Belgium\nduring the Leopold period. In 1908, this outcry led the Belgian state to assume responsibility for the government of the colony, henceforth called the Belgian Congo. A Belgian commission in 1919 estimated that Congo's population was half what it was in 1879. Germany invaded Belgium in August 1914 as part of the Schlieffen Plan to attack France, and much of the Western Front fighting of World War I occurred in western parts of the country. The opening months of the war were known as the Rape of Belgium due to German excesses. Belgium assumed control of the German colonies of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20793900",
"chunk_text": "\"Fort Breendonk\"\nand museum which is open to the public. Belgium was invaded in August 1914 by the German army after refusing its request of unhindered passage to northern France. The invasion began on 4 August 1914. Eager to reach Paris as soon as possible, the German army concentrated all its efforts towards the south, ignoring Antwerp. Continued Belgian resistance from the north forced German command to attack the city. On 9 September, General Beseler was ordered to attack Antwerp. Heavy siege artillery was sent north, having already been used at the sieges of Namur and Maubeuge in France. Fort Breendonk was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18306887",
"chunk_text": "\"Rhenish Republic\"\nRhenish Republic The Rhenish Republic () was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during the occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium (January 19231925). It comprised three territories, named North, South and Ruhr. Their regional capitals were, respectively, Aachen, Koblenz and Essen. The Rhenish Republic is best understood as the aspiration of a poorly focused liberation struggle. The name was one applied by the short-lived separatist movement that erupted in the German Rhineland during the politically turbulent years following Germany's defeat in the First World War. The objectives of the many different separatist groups ranged widely,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9503762",
"chunk_text": "\"Occupation of the Ruhr\"\nhuge. As some of the payments were in raw materials, German factories were unable to function, and the German economy suffered, further damaging the country's ability to pay. By late 1922, the German defaults on payments had grown so regular that a crisis engulfed the Reparations Commission; the French and Belgian delegates urged occupying the Ruhr as a way of forcing Germany to pay more, while the British delegate urged a lowering of the payments. As a consequence of a German default on timber deliveries in December 1922, the Reparations Commission declared Germany in default, which led to the Franco-Belgian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "370167",
"chunk_text": "\"Axis powers\"\nWhen war between Germany versus Britain and France appeared likely in May 1939, Hitler declared that the Netherlands and Belgium would need to be occupied, saying: \"\"Dutch and Belgian air bases must be occupied ... Declarations of neutrality must be ignored\"\". In a conference with Germany's military leaders on 23 November 1939, Hitler declared to the military leaders that \"\"We have an Achilles heel, the Ruhr\"\", and said that \"\"If England and France push through Belgium and Holland into the Ruhr, we shall be in the greatest danger\"\", and thus claimed that Belgium and the Netherlands had to be occupied",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20547246",
"chunk_text": "\"Fall Rot\"\nFall Rot During World War II, Fall Rot (Case Red) was the plan for the second phase of the conquest of France by the German Army and began on 5 June 1940. It had been made possible by the success of \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow), the invasion of the Benelux countries and northern France in the Battle of France and the encirclement of the Allied armies in the north on the Channel coast. Powerful forces were also to advance into France. \"\"Fall Rot\"\" consisted of two sub-operations, a preliminary attack in the west began on 5 June, over the river",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16626681",
"chunk_text": "\"Fall Rot\"\nFall Rot During World War II, Fall Rot (Case Red) was the plan for the second phase of the conquest of France by the German Army and began on 5 June 1940. It had been made possible by the success of \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow), the invasion of the Benelux countries and northern France in the Battle of France and the encirclement of the Allied armies in the north on the Channel coast. Powerful forces were also to advance into France. \"\"Fall Rot\"\" consisted of two sub-operations, a preliminary attack in the west began on 5 June, over the river",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "401248",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Passchendaele\"\nof the southern provinces of the Netherlands in 1830. The German invasion of Belgium on 4 August 1914, in violation of Article VII of the treaty, was the British \"\"casus belli\"\" against Germany. British military operations in Belgium began with the arrival of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) at Mons on 22 August. Operations in Flanders began during the Race to the Sea, reciprocal attempts by the French and German armies to turn their opponents' northern flank, through Picardy, Artois and Flanders. On 10 October, Lieutenant-General Erich von Falkenhayn, the Chief of Staff of the \"\"Oberste Heeresleitung\"\" (\"\"OHL\"\", supreme army",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8035681",
"chunk_text": "\"Rhenish Republic\"\nend of 1923 or were, for their activities, before the courts. Konrad Adenauer, who during the period of the \"\"Koblenz Government\"\" had constantly been at odds with Dorten, presented to the French generals another proposal, for the creation of a west German autonomous federal state (\"\"\"\"). Adenauer’s proposal failed to impress either the French or the German government at this time, however. Rhenish Republic The Rhenish Republic () was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during the occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium (January 19231925). It comprised three territories, named North, South and Ruhr. Their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18665644",
"chunk_text": "Ruhr\nto negotiate the Dawes Plan, which led to the withdrawal of the French and Belgian troops from the Ruhr in 1925. However, the occupation of the Ruhr caused several direct and indirect consequences on the German economy and government. Due to the lack of production caused by foreign occupation, the German economy lacked the domestic abilities to pay war reparations without intentionally causing inflation. Moreover, the government became increasingly unpopular due to its \"\"passive resistance\"\" to German production. The halt in domestic production made war reparations impossible to pay. On 7 March 1936, Adolf Hitler took a massive gamble by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366089",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nBelgian troops, who had been withdrawn from the siege of Antwerp The British held a line from La Bassée to Passchendaele, the French from Passchendaele to Dixmude and the Belgian army from Dixmude to Nieuport. The outflanking attempts had resulted in a number of encounter battles but neither side was able to gain a decisive victory. The Battle of the Yser took place in October 1914 along a long stretch of the Yser river and Yperlee canal in Belgium. On 15 October troops ended their retreat from Antwerp and took post between Nieuport and French Fusiliers Marins at Dixmude, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366093",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\nand on 2 November Dixmude was captured. The First Battle of Ypres (part of the First Battle of Flanders) began on 19 October with attacks by the German 6th and 4th armies at the same time that the BEF attacked towards Menin and Roulers. On 21 October, attacks by the 4th Army reserve corps were repulsed in a costly battle and on German attacks were conducted to the north, on the Yser by the 4th Army and to the south by the 6th Army. French attacks by the new Eighth Army were made towards Roulers and Thourout, which diverted German",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15366051",
"chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\ntheir opponents, extending the front line northwards from the Aisne, into Picardy, Artois and Flanders. Military operations in Belgium also moved westwards as the Belgian army withdrew from Antwerp to the area close to the border with France. The Belgian army fought the defensive Battle of the Yser (16–31 October) from Nieuport south to Dixmude, as the German 4th Army attacked westwards and French, British and some Belgian troops fought the First Battle of Ypres (19 October – 22 November) against the 4th and 6th armies. By November 1914, most of Belgium was under German occupation and Allied naval blockade.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
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"chunk_id": "3218865",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Gembloux (1940)\"\nBattle of Gembloux (1940) The Battle of Gembloux (or Battle of the Gembloux Gap) was fought between French and German forces in May 1940. during the Second World War. On 10 May 1940, The Nazi German \"\"Wehrmacht\"\" (Defence Force), invaded Luxembourg, The Netherlands and Belgium under the operational plan \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow). Allied armies responded with the Dyle Plan (Breda variant), intended to halt the Germans in Belgium, believing it to be the main German thrust. The Allies committed their best and most mobile to an advance into Belgium on 10 May and on 12 May, the Germans began",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12294236",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Lorraine\"\nBattle of Lorraine The Battle of Lorraine (14 August – 7 September 1914) was a battle on the Western Front during the First World War. The armies of France and Germany had completed their mobilisation, the French with Plan XVII, to conduct an offensive through Lorraine and Alsace into Germany and the Germans with \"\"Aufmarsch II West\"\", for an offensive in the north through Luxembourg and Belgium into France, supplemented with attacks in the south to prevent the French from transferring troops to the greater threat in the north. Belgian military planning was based on the assumption that other powers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18665642",
"chunk_text": "Ruhr\ncame out victorious, but during that time, a return to an autocratic state was seen as the only way forward. Large parts of the working class went out on strike, but in the Ruhr, striking workers successfully managed to take government buildings, shocking the rest of Germany. An armed revolt was then instigated, and the Red Guard then installed a branch in the Ruhr. The people there declared the Ruhr an independent, socialist republic, but the Freikorp came back into the scene and put down the movement. In March 1921, French and Belgian troops occupied Duisburg, which under the Treaty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "794091",
"chunk_text": "\"Belgium in \"\"the long nineteenth century\"\"\"\nfrom the 1839 Treaty of London, which a German diplomat dismissed as a \"\"scrap of paper\"\". On 2 August 1914, following the events leading to the outbreak of World War I, the Germans presented an ultimatum to the Belgian government demanding permission to move German soldiers through the country. The ultimatum stated that Belgian independence would be reinstated upon German victory and that reparations would be made afterwards. Luxembourg was invaded and occupied by the Germans the same day. On 3 August, the Belgian government rejected the proposal and the German invasion began. Contrary to the Germans' expectations, Great Britain,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20778785",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Flirey\"\nBattle of Flirey The Battle of Flirey () was a First World War battle fought from 19 September – 11 October 1914. It resulted in a German victory against the French army. The battle cut most of the roads and railways to the strategically important Fortified Region of Verdun ( [RFV]) and was to have a large effect on the course of the war. The Woëvre Plain stretches from the city of Luxemburg, south to the French city of Toul and has been a common route of attack between Germany and France. The plain is flanked on the western side",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12848637",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Nuremberg (1945)\"\non already low German morale. Even though American forces heavily outnumbered the German forces, it wasn't until 20 April, that the 7th Army took the city center. The battle devastated the city. The United States, United Kingdom, France and Canada jointly invaded Germany from the west on 8 February 1945. The German Army took heavy losses as the Allied armies crossed the Rhine and surrounded the Ruhr area as the Soviet and Polish armies pushed from the east. By April the US and Soviet armies were closing in on each other, constricting an already narrow gap of German-controlled territory running",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5626900",
"chunk_text": "\"Home Guard (United Kingdom)\"\ndefence forces waned, and the legion appears to have dissolved itself at the same time. The Battle of France began on 10 May 1940, with the Wehrmacht launching an invasion of Belgium, the Netherlands and France; by 20 May, German forces had reached the English Channel and on 28 May, the Belgian Army surrendered. The combination of the large-scale combined operations mounted by the Wehrmacht during the invasion of Norway in April, and the prospect that much of the Channel coast would soon be occupied made the prospect of a German invasion of the British Isles alarmingly real. Fears of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18365745",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of France\"\na German armoured attack through the Ardennes, left the military with the impression that the region was still largely impenetrable and that this, along with the obstacle of the Meuse River, would allow the French time to bring up troops into the area to counter an attack. In 1939, Britain and France offered military support to Poland in the likely case of a German invasion. In the dawn of 1 September 1939, the German Invasion of Poland began. France and the United Kingdom declared war on 3 September, after an ultimatum for German forces to immediately withdraw their forces from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11807630",
"chunk_text": "\"Erwin Rommel\"\n(thus, one tank regiment, instead of the two assigned to a standard panzer division), with two rifle regiments, a motorcycle battalion, an engineer battalion, and an anti-tank battalion. Upon taking command on 10 February 1940, Rommel quickly set his unit to practicing the maneuvers they would need in the upcoming campaign. The invasion began on 10 May 1940. By the third day Rommel and the advance elements of his division, together with a detachment of the 5th Panzer Division under Colonel Hermann Werner, had reached the River Meuse, where they found the bridges had already been destroyed (Guderian and Reinhardt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_666
|
what type of novel is goodbye mr chips?
|
n/a
|
[
"Psychological fiction",
"novella"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "7086156",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nGoodbye, Mr. Chips Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a novella about the life of a schoolteacher, Mr. Chipping, written by the English writer James Hilton and first published by Hodder & Stoughton in October 1934. It has been adapted into two cinema films and two television presentations. The novella has remained an essential part of the English subject syllabus taught at Pakistan's higher secondary school level for the past 30 years, although its choice has received some criticism in the recent past due to perceived lack of relevance to the local society and education system. The story was originally issued in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6632105",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nin the United States. It starred Martin Clunes and Victoria Hamilton with Henry Cavill, William Moseley, Oliver Rokison and Harry Lloyd. \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" was parodied in the British sketch comedy programmes \"\"Hale and Pace\"\" (as \"\"Piss Off, Mr. Chips\"\") and \"\"Big Train\"\". Goodbye, Mr. Chips Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a novella about the life of a schoolteacher, Mr. Chipping, written by the English writer James Hilton and first published by Hodder & Stoughton in October 1934. It has been adapted into two cinema films and two television presentations. The novella has remained an essential part of the English subject",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7083434",
"chunk_text": "\"Reader's Digest Condensed Books\"\npublished in 1930 (Autumn 1951) or \"\"Goodbye Mr. Chips\"\", originally published in 1934 (Summer 1961)) were also among the condensed selections. Volume 1 - Spring Volume 2 - Summer Volume 3 - Autumn Volume 4 - Winter Volume 5 - Spring Volume 6 - Summer Volume 7 - Autumn Volume 8 - Winter <br> Volume 9 - Spring Volume 10 - Summer <br> Volume 11 - Autumn Volume 12 - Winter <br> Spring 1953 Selections Volume 14 - Summer <br> Volume 15 - Autumn Volume 16 - Winter <br> Volume 17 - Spring Volume 18 - Summer <br> Volume 19",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14538894",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939 film)\"\nGoodbye, Mr. Chips (1939 film) Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a 1939 British romantic drama film directed by Sam Wood and starring Robert Donat and Greer Garson. Based on the 1934 novella \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" by James Hilton, the film is about Mr Chipping, a beloved aged school teacher and former headmaster of a boarding school who recalls his career and his personal life over the decades. Produced for the British division of MGM at Denham Studios, \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" was voted the 72nd greatest British film ever in the BFI Top 100 British films poll. For his performance as Mr.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15508233",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nGoodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film) Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a 1969 American musical film directed by Herbert Ross. The screenplay by Terence Rattigan is based on James Hilton's 1934 novel \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\", which was first adapted for the screen in 1939. In 1920s Britain, Arthur Chipping is an established member of the teaching staff at the Brookfield School. He is a stodgy teacher of Latin, disliked by his pupils, who find him boring and call him \"\"Ditchy,\"\" short for \"\"dull as ditch-water.\"\" Chips meets Katherine Bridges, a music hall soubrette, in the dining room of the Savoy Hotel in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8343581",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nWarner Home Video on January 29, 2009. It has audio tracks in English and Japanese and subtitles in English, French, Japanese, and Thai. The only bonus features are the trailers for the 1939 and 1969 films. Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film) Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a 1969 American musical film directed by Herbert Ross. The screenplay by Terence Rattigan is based on James Hilton's 1934 novel \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\", which was first adapted for the screen in 1939. In 1920s Britain, Arthur Chipping is an established member of the teaching staff at the Brookfield School. He is a stodgy teacher",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16467129",
"chunk_text": "\"James Hilton (novelist)\"\nfor it ever since.) Zhongdian, a mountain region of Southwest China, has now been renamed Shangri-La (Xianggelila), based on its claim to have inspired Hilton's book. W.H Balgarnie, a master at the Leys School, Cambridge and Hilton's father, headmaster of Chapel End School in Walthamstow, were the inspirations for the character of Mr. Chipping in \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\", a best seller. Hilton first sent the material to \"\"The Atlantic\"\" and the magazine printed it as an article in April, 1934. It was then proposed to be printed as a book. On 8 June it was published as a book. Four",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632095",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\na well worn institution. In his later years, he develops an arch sense of humour that pleases everyone. However, he also becomes somewhat of an anachronism, with an antiquated pronunciation (ironic, perhaps for a teacher of classic languages) and is pities for his isolation. At this deathbed, he talks of the fulfillment he took as a teacher of boys. In many ways, the novella can be read as a meditation on the meaning of a mediocre life, quietly lived. Although the book is unabashedly sentimental, it depicts the sweeping social changes that Chips experiences throughout his life: he begins his",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7086159",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nthe huge success of this book, James Hilton became a best-selling author. The novella tells the story of a beloved school teacher, Mr Chipping, and his long tenure at Brookfield School, a fictional minor British boys' public boarding school located in the fictional village of Brookfield, in the Fenlands. Mr Chips, as the boys call him, is conventional in his beliefs and exercises firm discipline in the classroom. His views broaden, and his pedagogical manner loosens after he marries Katherine, a young woman whom he meets on holiday in the Lake District. Katherine charms the Brookfield teachers and headmaster, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632094",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nquickly wins the favour of Brookfield's pupils. Their marriage is brief. She dies in childbirth and he never remarries or has another romantic interest. One of the poignant and bittersweet themes of the book is that Chipping so outlasts all of his peers that his brief marriage fades into myth and few people know him as anything other than a confirmed and lonely bachelor. Despite Chipping's mediocre credentials and his view that Greek and Latin (his academic subjects) are dead languages, he is an effective teacher who becomes highly regarded by students and the school's governors - he has become",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "97954",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nof Us\"\" that I genuinely feel deserves to be called heartwarming…the Hilton story was a best seller but hardly a work of art. By modernizing the action, Rattigan has made it possible for the movie to mirror changes in the English class structure during the two decades when it was most obviously becoming obsolete… As the schoolmaster and his wife, Peter O'Toole and Petula Clark are exactly right. O'Toole succeeds in creating a character that is aloof, chillingly correct, terribly reserved—and charming all the same…Miss Clark carries most of the musical duties in the film, and carries them well…one of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7086157",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\n1933, as a supplement to the \"\"British Weekly\"\", an evangelical newspaper. It came to prominence when it was reprinted as the lead piece of the April 1934 issue of \"\"The Atlantic\"\". The success of the \"\"Atlantic Monthly\"\" publication prompted a book deal between the author and the US publisher Little, Brown and Company, who published the story in book form for the first time in June 1934. The Great Depression had elevated business risks for most publishing houses, and Little, Brown were no exception. They cautiously released a small first print run. Public demand for more was immediate, and Little,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12609811",
"chunk_text": "\"William Henry Balgarnie\"\nWilliam Henry Balgarnie William Henry Balgarnie (12 May 1869 – c. July 1951) was a schoolmaster at Elmfield College, Woodbridge School and The Leys School, and was the inspiration for the character Mr Chips in the book \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\", written by one of his students at The Leys, James Hilton. He was born at Woolwich.He was the son of a Presbyterian minister, Balgarnie studied at and taught at Elmfield College before going to The Leys. In the 1890s he gathered with other Old Elmfieldians in London for a country walk followed by tea, which was invariably accompanied with recitations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16467121",
"chunk_text": "\"James Hilton (novelist)\"\nJames Hilton (novelist) James Hilton (9 September 190020 December 1954) was an English novelist best remembered for several best-sellers, including \"\"Lost Horizon\"\" and \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\". He also wrote Hollywood screenplays. Born in Leigh, Lancashire, England, Hilton was the son of John Hilton, the headmaster of Chapel End School in Walthamstow. He was educated at The Leys School, Cambridge and then at Christ's College, Cambridge, where he wrote his first novel and was awarded an honours degree in English literature. He started work as a journalist, first for the \"\"Manchester Guardian\"\", then reviewing fiction for the \"\"Daily Telegraph\"\". He wrote",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "345476",
"chunk_text": "\"Iven Mackay\"\nRMS \"\"Strathaird\"\" on 15 April. The troops nicknamed him \"\"Mr Chips\"\", after the title character of the best selling 1934 novel \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" and the subsequent 1939 film, a reference to his peacetime profession, but also to the impression he gave of being cool, reserved and strict. Some of his staff had reservations about him. Colonel Alan Vasey, his Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General, asserted that Mackay lacked the ruthlessness to remove Militia officers who were not performing well. Vasey fumed about \"\"that bloody schoolteacher who wants to dot every 'i' and cross every 't'\"\". Many regular officers were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632098",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nupon Balgarnie's death that \"\"Balgarnie was, I suppose, the chief model for my story. When I read so many other stories about public school life, I am struck by the fact that I suffered no such purgatory as their authors apparently did, and much of this miracle was due to Balgarnie.\"\" The mutton chop side whiskers of one of the masters at The Leys earned him the nickname \"\"Chops\"\", a likely inspiration for Mr Chips' name. In Hilton's final novel, \"\"Time and Time Again\"\" (1953), protagonist Charles Anderson bears clear biographical similarities to Hilton himself. Early in the novel, Anderson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
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"chunk_id": "6632096",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\ntenure at Brookfield in September 1870, at the age of 22, as the Franco-Prussian War was breaking out; he dies in November 1933, at the age of 85, shortly after Adolf Hitler's rise to power. The setting for \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" is probably based on The Leys School, Cambridge, where James Hilton was a pupil (1915–18). Hilton is reported to have said that the inspiration for the protagonist, Mr. Chips, came from many sources, including his father, who was the headmaster of Chapel End School. Mr. Chips is also likely to have been based on W. H. Balgarnie, a master",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3962221",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939 film)\"\ncategories; Robert Donat won for Best Actor, beating Laurence Olivier, Clark Gable and James Stewart, though \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" lost to \"\"Gone With the Wind\"\" in five of the six remaining categories, while \"\"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\"\" won Best Original Story. (Best Sound went to \"\"When Tomorrow Comes\"\".) \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" was remade as a musical in 1969, starring Peter O'Toole and Petula Clark. Streaming audio Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939 film) Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a 1939 British romantic drama film directed by Sam Wood and starring Robert Donat and Greer Garson. Based on the 1934 novella \"\"Goodbye, Mr.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7086158",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nBrown went into an almost immediate reprinting the same month. Public demand remained strong, and Little, Brown continued to reprint the book in cautious lots for many months, with at least two reprintings per month. The first British edition went to press in October 1934. The publishers were Hodder & Stoughton, who had observed the success of the book in the United States, and they released a much larger first print run. It sold 15,000 copies on the day of publication, and they quickly found themselves going into reprints as the reading public's demand for the book proved insatiable. With",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13045992",
"chunk_text": "\"Farewell, My Lovely\"\nthe book. In the opening episode of the television series \"\"Bored to Death\"\", the character Jonathan Ames, played by Jason Schwartzman, is inspired to become a private detective after reading the book. The novel's title was used as the subtitle of the Japanese version of the video game \"\"\"\", but this reference was lost in the translation. The fourth and final case in the video game \"\"\"\" is called \"\"Farewell, My Turnabout,\"\" a reference to the novel's title. Farewell, My Lovely Farewell, My Lovely is a novel by Raymond Chandler, published in 1940, the second novel he wrote featuring the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632099",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nbriefly reminisces about attending Brookfield and knowing \"\"Chips\"\". A 50-minute adaptation by James Hilton and Barbara Burnham was broadcast on the BBC National Programme at 20:00 on 23 July 1936, with Richard Goolden in the title part and a cast that included Norman Shelley, Ronald Simpson, Lewis Shaw and Hermione Hannen. There was a repeat broadcast the following evening. A radio adaptation by the Lux Radio Theatre starring Laurence Olivier and Edna Best and presented by Cecil B. DeMille was first broadcast on November 20, 1939. Barbara Burnham adapted the book for a stage production in three acts, which was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17269077",
"chunk_text": "\"Stacy Aumonier\"\nStacy Aumonier Stacy Aumonier (1877–1928) was a British writer, sometimes mistakenly credited as Stacey Aumonier. Between 1913 and 1928, he wrote more than 85 short stories, 6 novels, a volume of character studies, and a volume of 15 essays. It was as a short-story writer that he was most highly regarded. Nobel Prize winner (and \"\"Forsyte Saga\"\" author) John Galsworthy described Stacy Aumonier as \"\"one of the best short-story writers of all time\"\" and predicted that, through the best of his stories, he would \"\"outlive all the writers of his day.\"\" James Hilton (author of \"\"Goodbye, Mr Chips\"\" and \"\"Lost",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8343580",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nwho dramatically changes his life.\"\" This film has a 7.0/10.0 rating on IMDB. On Rotten Tomatoes, this film is rated 'Fresh' with a 70 A limited-edition 3-CD set of the complete score, including alternative versions and discarded numbers, was released by the Film Score Monthly Silver Age Classics label in 2006. \"\"You and I\"\" remains a staple of Petula Clark's concert repertoire. Of note, Peter O'Toole and Siân Phillips, who had been married for years at the time of this film, had multiple nominations for their performances. The film was released in anamorphic widescreen format on Region 1 DVD by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18411843",
"chunk_text": "\"Chips Ahoy!\"\nStates after Oreo, also a Nabisco-branded cookie, with an average of million in sales per year. By the 1980s, several different varieties of the cookie snack were being baked and shipped to grocery stores: chewy, sprinkled, and striped. In Indonesia, Chips Ahoy! was relaunched in September 2015 after the product was discontinued in that country in the early 2010s. Nabisco says the name is \"\"a reference to the nautical term, Ships Ahoy!\"\". The words \"\"Chips Ahoy!\"\" also feature prominently in a story appearing in Chapter 15 of \"\"The Uncommercial Traveller\"\", by Charles Dickens. Dickens relays a childhood tale of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6732663",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye Mr. Black\"\nGoodbye Mr. Black Goodbye Mr. Black () is a 2016 South Korean television series based on the manhwa of the same title, created with The Count of Monte Cristo motif, written by and published in 1983. It aired on MBC on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST) from March 16, 2016 to May 19, 2016 for 20 episodes. Cha Ji-won is a Navy SEAL demolitions officer, but he is betrayed by his best friend, then denounced as a traitor. Ji-won is sent to another country, but escapes and returns with a new identity, along with a \"\"fake\"\" wife, to take",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7304275",
"chunk_text": "\"Jill Meager\"\nJill Meager Jill Meager is an English actor, artist and portrait painter. Meager studied modern languages at Trinity Hall, Cambridge. She worked for several years as an actor before training as a psychodynamic counsellor. She also worked as a stand-up comedian before studying fine art at the Putney School of Art and Design Meager has appeared in many roles on television and in film, including Lucy Eyelesbarrow in the \"\"\"\", one of the BBC's adaptations of Miss Marple novels, in 1987. She played Katherine Chipping in the 1984 BBC adaption of the book \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\". She had a role",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
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{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3962217",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939 film)\"\nKEE-kir-ro. Chips finally retires in 1914 at the age of 69, but is summoned back to serve as interim headmaster because of the shortage of teachers resulting from the First World War. He remembers Kathy had predicted he would become headmaster one day. During a bombing attack by a German zeppelin, Chips insists that the boys keep on translating their Latin - choosing the story of Julius Caesar's battles against Germanic tribes, which describes the latter's belligerent nature, much to the amusement of his pupils. As the Great War drags on, Chips reads aloud into the school's Roll of Honour",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8343570",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nKatherine Bridges has been transformed into a music hall soubrette. In the earlier 1939 film, as in the novel, Katherine dies in childbirth, after a much shorter marriage. For the most part the reviews were lukewarm, although both O'Toole and Clark were universally praised for their performances and the obvious chemistry between them. According to \"\"Seventeen\"\", \"\"Rarely have a pair of players been so marvelously in tune with each other as Peter O'Toole and Petula Clark.\"\" In his review in \"\"The New York Times\"\", Vincent Canby said, \"\"[Peter O'Toole] has never been better. Having been forced to abandon his usual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5887980",
"chunk_text": "\"Lost Horizon\"\nold, the doctor had told Rutherford, \"\"Most old of anyone I have ever seen,\"\" implying that it was Lo-Tsen, aged drastically by her departure from Shangri-La. The narrator wonders whether Conway can find his way back to his lost paradise. The book, published in 1933, caught the notice of the public only after Hilton's \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" was published in 1934. \"\"Lost Horizon\"\" became a huge popular success and in 1939 was published in paperback form, as Pocket Book #1. Because of its number-one position in what became a very long list of pocket editions, \"\"Lost Horizon\"\" is often mistakenly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632100",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nfirst performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre on 23 September 1938, with Leslie Banks as Mr. Chips and Constance Cummings as his wife Katherine. It ran for over 100 performances until 14 January 1939. A stage musical based on the original novel, but using most of the Leslie Bricusse vocal score of the 1969 film, was mounted at the Chichester Festival and opened on 11 August 1982. The book was by Roland Starke and the production was directed by Patrick Garland and Christopher Selbie. Among the Chichester Festival cast were John Mills as Mr. Chips, Colette Gleeson as Kathie, Nigel Stock",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16467124",
"chunk_text": "\"James Hilton (novelist)\"\nnext eleven years were difficult for him, and it was not until 1931 that he had success with the novel \"\"And Now Goodbye\"\". Following this, several of his books were international bestsellers and inspired successful film adaptations, notably \"\"Lost Horizon\"\" (1933), which won a Hawthornden Prize; \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" (1934); and \"\"Random Harvest\"\" (1941). After this, he continued to write, but the works were not regarded as of the same quality as his best-known novels. Hilton's books are sometimes characterised as sentimental and idealistic celebrations of English virtues. This is true of \"\"Mr. Chips\"\", but some of his novels had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17346426",
"chunk_text": "\"Random Harvest\"\nRandom Harvest Random Harvest is a novel written by James Hilton, first published in 1941. Like previous Hilton works, including \"\"Lost Horizon\"\" and \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\", the novel was immensely popular, placing second on \"\"The New York Times\"\" list of best-selling novels for the year. The novel was successfully adapted into a film of the same name in 1942 under the direction of Mervyn LeRoy. Claudine West, George Froeschel and Arthur Wimperis adapted the novel for the screen, and received an Academy Award nomination for their work. Though the film departs from the novel's narrative in several significant ways, the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6632104",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nAcademy Awards, O’Toole was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, and he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy. In 1984 it was adapted as a television serial by the BBC. It starred Roy Marsden and Jill Meager and ran for six half-hour episodes. Many scenes were filmed at Repton School, Derbyshire, in an effort to remain faithful to the original film. A television film adaptation was produced by STV Productions (then known as \"\"SMG TV Productions\"\") in 2002. It aired on the ITV Network in Britain and on PBS's \"\"Masterpiece Theatre\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15829123",
"chunk_text": "\"Sergeant Chip\"\nSergeant Chip \"\"Sergeant Chip\"\" is a science fiction novella published in 2004 by Bradley Denton. It was the winner of the 2005 Sturgeon Award, and was nominated for the 2005 Hugo Award for Best Novella. The story is told from the point of view of Chip, a specially trained military dog that has been implanted with a microchip that allows him to communicate with his trainer, Captain Dial. The two of them put on many military demonstrations until they are called to active duty in the war. In the war they are caught in an unexpected ambush and eventually come",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6732664",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye Mr. Black\"\nrevenge. In the table below, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings. Goodbye Mr. Black Goodbye Mr. Black () is a 2016 South Korean television series based on the manhwa of the same title, created with The Count of Monte Cristo motif, written by and published in 1983. It aired on MBC on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST) from March 16, 2016 to May 19, 2016 for 20 episodes. Cha Ji-won is a Navy SEAL demolitions officer, but he is betrayed by his best friend, then denounced as a traitor. Ji-won",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6632097",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nat The Leys (1900–30), who was in charge of the \"\"Leys Fortnightly\"\" (in which Hilton's first short stories and essays were published). Over the years, old boys wrote to Geoffery Houghton, a master at The Leys and a historian of the school, confirming the links between Chipping and Balgarnie, who eventually died at Porthmadog at the age of 82. Balgarnie had been linked with the school for 51 years and spent his last years in modest lodgings nearby. Like Mr. Chips, Balgarnie was a strict disciplinarian, but would also invite boys to visit him for tea and biscuits. Hilton wrote",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8343571",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nmechanical flamboyance, he gives Chips an air of genuine, if seedy, grandeur that shines through dozens of make-up changes… Miss Clark is a fine rock singer with the quality of a somewhat tough Julie Andrews (which I like and is not to be confused with Miss Andrews's steely cool)… The film is the first directorial effort of Herbert Ross…the sort of director who depends heavily on the use of the zoom, the boom and the helicopter, which gives the movie the contradictory look of a mod-Victorian valentine…[he] has handled the musical sequences…more or less as soliloquies. O'Toole talks his with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12609814",
"chunk_text": "\"William Henry Balgarnie\"\ndeputy head master, over a period of more than fifty years. He died at Porthmadog, Wales, after a heart attack. Sir Dyson Mallinson was a governor at both Elmfield and The Leys. Balgarnie was educated at and himself taught at Elmfield. One Elmfieldian who followed him to The Leys was Harold Rose. Among Balgarnie's students was James Hilton, who said he based the character Mr. Chipping in his novel \"\"Goodbye Mr. Chips\"\" on Balgarnie. William Henry Balgarnie William Henry Balgarnie (12 May 1869 – c. July 1951) was a schoolmaster at Elmfield College, Woodbridge School and The Leys School, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "15508235",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nbe irresistible. Although her close friend and confidante Ursula Mossbank helps Katherine thwart Lord Sutterwick's plan to deprive the school of a generous financial endowment because of the woman's background, her past eventually deprives Chips of his longheld dream of being named headmaster in 1939. Still, the couple's devotion to each other overcomes all obstacles threatening their marriage, extending through 20 years together, when Katherine is killed in 1944 by a German V-1 flying bomb while entertaining the troops at a local Royal Air Force base. Too late for his wife to share in his happiness, Chips was picked as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12324420",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mickey Mouse\"\nMouse\"\" currently has a rating of 3.76 out of 5 stars on Goodreads. The book has received generally mixed reviews from fans and critics alike. Simon Mcleish gave the book a mixed review. He stated that \"\"Goodbye Mickey Mouse\"\" is obviously \"\"well researched\"\", but it (the research) \"\"is presented less obtrusively\"\". Mcleish summed up the article by stating that \"\"for the general reader, \"\"Goodbye Mickey Mouse\"\"\"\" is not Deighton's most appealing novel, \"\"though it would repay the effort required to read it\"\". Goodbye, Mickey Mouse Goodbye, Mickey Mouse is a historical novel by Len Deighton published on 12 October 1982.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11088922",
"chunk_text": "\"Genome (novel)\"\nGenome (novel) Genome (, Genom) is a science fiction/detective novel by the popular Russian sci-fi writer Sergei Lukyanenko. The novel began a series also called \"\"Genome\"\", consisting of \"\"Dances on the Snow\"\" (a prequel, although written later) and \"\"Cripples\"\" (a sequel). The novel explores the problems of the widespread use of human genetic engineering, which alters not only human physiology but also psychology. The novel takes place in the latter half of the 22nd century. Humans have left their cradle, colonized numerous extrasolar planets, and made contact with extraterrestrials, or \"\"aliens\"\", as most humans call them, even though such term",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8877129",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Delaney\"\nnon-fiction (including \"\"Simple Courage\"\"), ten novels (including \"\"Ireland\"\", \"\"Venetia Kelly's Traveling Show\"\" and \"\"Tipperary\"\"), one novella, and a number of short stories. He also edited many compilations of essays and poetry. Delaney wrote the screenplay for an adaptation of \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" (2002), which starred Martin Clunes and was shown on ITV in Britain, and in the \"\"Masterpiece Theatre\"\" series in the United States. His articles were published by newspapers in United States, the UK and Ireland, including on the Op-ed pages of \"\"The New York Times\"\". He was a frequent public speaker, and was a contributor and guest on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6632101",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\nas Max, Michael Sadler and Robert Meadmore in supporting roles, and 20 local school boys, including Kevin Farrar who was selected by Bricusse to sing the final verse of the iconic \"\"School Song\"\", which features on the original cast album which was recorded on 'That's Entertainment Records' label TER 1025 at Abbey Roads Studios in London on 17/18 August 1982. JAY-jay Records also have a release of it. This version stars Robert Donat, Greer Garson, Terry Kilburn, John Mills, and Paul Henreid. Donat won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in the lead role, beating Clark Gable,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8343569",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969 film)\"\nbrought a new appreciation for it, as well as John Williams' underscore and orchestrations. The character of Ursula Mossbank has been said to be inspired by actress Tallulah Bankhead. Terence Rattigan's screenplay is a major departure from the simple plot of Hilton's novella. The time frame of the original story was advanced by several decades, now starting in the 1920s, continuing through the Second World War, and ending in the late 1960s. Also, it does not show Chipping's first arrival at the Brookfield School, but starts with him already an established member of the teaching staff. Additionally, the character of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11649194",
"chunk_text": "\"We Are Not Alone (novel)\"\nWe Are Not Alone (novel) We Are Not Alone is a novel by James Hilton, first published in 1937. It is one of his more sombre works, portraying the tragic consequences of anti-foreign hysteria in England just prior to World War I. It has been compared to \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" in its portrayal of small-town life through the eyes of an everyman protagonist. Dr. Newcome is a beloved doctor in a small English town. His frustrations with his relationships with his wife and son lead to his developing an affair with a German dancer, Leni, whom the family takes on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11232260",
"chunk_text": "\"Sergeant Chip\"\nto realize who the \"\"real\"\" enemy is. Sergeant Chip \"\"Sergeant Chip\"\" is a science fiction novella published in 2004 by Bradley Denton. It was the winner of the 2005 Sturgeon Award, and was nominated for the 2005 Hugo Award for Best Novella. The story is told from the point of view of Chip, a specially trained military dog that has been implanted with a microchip that allows him to communicate with his trainer, Captain Dial. The two of them put on many military demonstrations until they are called to active duty in the war. In the war they are caught",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17528324",
"chunk_text": "\"Goodbye Mr Mackenzie\"\nwere hindered by record company conflicts and failed to break through outside the UK. The band split up in 1993, leaving Manson, Metcalfe, Wilson and Kelly to form Angelfish to continue recording music. Manson left for Garbage in 1994, and Goodbye Mr Mackenzie played their final live show at the end of 1995. The band began when Martin Metcalfe moved on from his first band Teenage Dog Orgy in 1984. They were named after author Jean Rhys's 1931 novel \"\"After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie\"\". Their first single was released through a pilot music industry course run by Bathgate College under the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7939889",
"chunk_text": "\"Mr. Men\"\nMr. Men Mr. Men is a series of children's books by English author Roger Hargreaves commencing in 1971. From 1981, an accompanying series of Little Miss books by the same author, but with female characters were published. A similar series of animal characters known as Timbuctoo started in 1978. After Hargreaves's death in 1988, his son Adam Hargreaves began writing and illustrating new Mr. Men and Little Miss stories like \"\"Mr. Good\"\", \"\"Mr. Cool\"\", \"\"Mr. Rude\"\", \"\"Little Miss Scary\"\", \"\"Little Miss Bad\"\" and \"\"Little Miss Whoops\"\". Each book in the original Mr. Men and Little Miss series introduced a different",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13294762",
"chunk_text": "\"R. C. Sherriff\"\nfrom an established London suburb into the then-new suburbs of Metro-land. Sherriff was nominated along with Eric Maschwitz and Claudine West for an Academy award for writing an adapted screenplay for \"\"Goodbye, Mr. Chips\"\" which was released in 1939. His 1955 screenplays, \"\"The Dam Busters\"\" and \"\"The Night My Number Came Up\"\" were nominated for best British screenplay BAFTA awards. R. C. Sherriff Robert Cedric Sherriff, FSA, FRSL (6 June 1896 – 13 November 1975) was an English writer best known for his play \"\"Journey's End\"\", which was based on his experiences as an army officer in the First World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19946046",
"chunk_text": "\"Linda Hoy\"\nfor the existence of a soul and an afterlife\"\". She lives in Sheffield, UK, and is represented by the Robert Dudley literary agency. Linda Hoy Linda Hoy is a British author who is best known for her works for children and young adults. Her first novel, \"\"Your Friend, Rebecca\"\", was published in 1981. It is now a set text in many British comprehensive schools, and often used to help young people deal with bereavement. Another novel, \"\"Haddock 'n' Chips\"\", was winner of the 1994 Children's Book Award. A novel based on the fortunes of Sheffield United football team, \"\"United on\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_667
|
who won the mens figure skating in 2018 olympics?
|
n/a
|
[
"Yuzuru Hanyu",
"Javier Fernández",
"Shoma Uno"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "3638827",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 16 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 16 February and the free skating was held on 17 February. This medal event was the 1000th medal event in the history of the Winter Olympic Games. With his victory at the 2018 Winter Olympics, Yuzuru Hanyu became the first male figure skater to win two consecutive gold medals after Dick Button, who did so in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638829",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nJin Boyang overtook Chen by less than a point overall, and placed fourth. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tsunekazu Takeda, member of the International Olympic Committee, accompanied by Alexander Lakernik, ISU Figure Skating Vice President. Vincent Zhou landed the first quadruple lutz at the Olympics. Nathan Chen became the first to ever land six quads, five clean. He also landed the first quadruple flip at the Olympics. With these jumps he holds the new record for highest free skating technical score. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638828",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\n1952. Fellow countryman Shoma Uno won the silver medal, and Spain's Javier Fernández won the bronze medal. Fernández won Spain's first figure skating medal and fourth medal at the Winter Olympics. After the short program, Hanyu, Fernández, Uno, and Jin Boyang were first, second, third, and fourth respectively. Nathan Chen, originally one of the favorites for the podium, skated an uncharacteristically poor short program that placed him at 17th, but fought back to win the free skating with a score of 215.08--8.91 points above the second place free skating by Hanyu. He ended up fifth overall. In the free program,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638831",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nwas held on 16 February 2018. The free skating was held on 17 February 2018. The skaters were ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 16 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 16 February and the free skating was held on 17 February. This medal event was the 1000th medal event in the history of the Winter Olympic Games. With his victory at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333218",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot became Olympic champions after finishing fourth in the short program and setting a record with their score in the free program. Sui Wenjing and Han Cong, leading after the short program, made a couple of mistakes in the free program and won silver. Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347461",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 20 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short ice dance was held on 19 February and the free ice dance was held on 20 February. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir scored 83.67 in the short dance, breaking their own world record. Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron finished in second place, 1.74 points behind Virtue/Moir. Madison Hubbell and Zachary Donohue finished in third place, and Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347463",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nscored enough points overall to win the gold medal, setting another world record with a total score of 206.07. This was the third Olympic medal that Virtue/Moir had won in ice dance; they won their first gold in 2010 and they took silver in 2014. It was also their fifth Olympic medal overall (including two team medals in 2014 and 2018), making them the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history. For complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: A total of 24",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095514",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nISU Championships.\"\" ! colspan=\"\"3\"\" style=\"\"border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;\"\" |World Record Holders Nathan Chen Nathan Chen (born May 5, 1999) is an American figure skater who competes in the men's singles discipline. He is the 2018 World champion, the 2018 Winter Olympic bronze medalist in the team event, the 2017 Four Continents champion, a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2017, 2018), and a two-time U.S. national champion (2017, 2018). Chen is the first and currently only skater competing with five quadruple jumps: toe loop, salchow, loop, flip and lutz. Nathan Chen was born in Salt Lake City, Utah and he has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17799753",
"chunk_text": "\"Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nLuge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 10 and 11 February 2018 at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event was won by David Gleirscher, who became the first Austrian to win men's luge since 1968. Chris Mazdzer won the silver medal, whereas Johannes Ludwig won the bronze. For all of them, this was the first Olympic medal, and the Mazdzer's medal is the first ever medal for the United States in men's luge. This is the first time since 1988 than none of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18754826",
"chunk_text": "\"Free skating\"\nwas allowed at the Olympics was in 2018. According to figure skating historian James R. Hines, \"\"free skating has been a part of competition throughout the history\"\" of the ISU. Free skating, which became more important and popular after World War II, was developed when skaters connected individual compulsory figures into a cohesive program. The free skate, along with compulsory figures, were segments in competitions until 1973, when the short program was added. Japanese skater Yuzuru Hanyu holds the highest single men's free skating program score of 190.43, which he earned at the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki. Alina Zagitova",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "439697",
"chunk_text": "\"Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nruns, split over two days, were used to determine the winner. Luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles The men's luge at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 10 and 11 February 2018 at the Alpensia Sliding Centre near Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event was won by David Gleirscher, who became the first Austrian to win men's luge since 1968. Chris Mazdzer won the silver medal, whereas Johannes Ludwig won the bronze. For all of them, this was the first Olympic medal, and the Mazdzer's medal is the first ever medal for the United States in men's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7125208",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The five events took place between 9 and 23 February 2018. A total of 148 quota spots were available to athletes to compete at the games. Each NOC could enter a maximum of 18 athletes, with a maximum of nine men or nine women. An additional six quota spots were made available for the team event. A further ten team trophy quotas (two in each discipline) were distributed to countries who qualified for the team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6347462",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nfourth, with just 0.02 points separating the two couples. Shibutani/Shibutani were the 17th couple to take to the ice in the free dance, starting off in 4th place after the short dance; they took the lead with a combined total score of 192.59. Papadakis/Cizeron were next to skate, and they broke their world records for both the free dance and the total score, finishing with 205.28 points. Hubbell/Donohue received a deduction for a fall and were briefly in third place with 187.69 points. The last to skate were Virtue/Moir, who scored less than Papadakis/Cizeron in the free dance but still",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096715",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay The Men’s 5000 metre relay in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The race was won by Hungary, who upset perennial powerhouses Canada, South Korea and China to claim Hungary's first ever Winter Olympics gold medal. Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows. Two Olympic records were set during the competition. The semifinals were held on 13 February. The final",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5891617",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Chan\"\nPatrick Chan Patrick Lewis Wai-Kuan Chan (born December 31, 1990) is a Canadian former competitive figure skater. He is a 2018 Olympic gold medalist in the team event, 2014 Olympic silver medalist in the men's and team events, a three-time World champion (2011, 2012, 2013), a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2010 and 2011), a three-time Four Continents champion (2009, 2012, 2016), and a ten-time Canadian national champion (2008–2014, 2016–2018). On April 27, 2011, Chan set a new world record of 93.02 points for the short program. On April 28, 2011, Chan then set a new world record for his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16954724",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nmade their Olympic debuts in the sport. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The five events took place between 9 and 23 February 2018. A total of 148 quota spots were available to athletes to compete at the games. Each NOC could enter a maximum of 18 athletes, with a maximum of nine men or nine women. An additional six quota spots were made available for the team event. A further ten team trophy quotas (two in each discipline) were distributed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16555737",
"chunk_text": "\"Single skating\"\ncompetitions for the Olympic Winter Games, and ISU Grand Prix events for both junior and senior-level skaters (including the finals).<ref name=\"\"S&P/ID2018-9\"\">S&P/ID 2018, p. 9</ref> The short program must be skated before the free skate, the second component in competitions. The short program lasts, for both senior and junior singles and pairs, 2 minutes and 40 seconds.<ref name=\"\"S&P/ID2018-78\"\">S&P/ID 2018, p. 78</ref> Vocal music with lyrics has been allowed in single skating and in all disciplines since the 2014-2015 season. Yuzuru Hanyu from Japan holds the highest single men's short program score of 112.72 points, which he earned at the 2017 CS",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096706",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1000 metres\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1000 metres The men's 1000 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 17 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. Samuel Girard won gold, John-Henry Krueger took the silver medal, and Seo Yi-ra won bronze. For all of them, this was their first Olympic medal. Charles Hamelin set an Olympic record in the heats but was disqualified in semifinals. In Final A, Sándor Liu Shaolin, trying to pass from the inside, interfered with one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16199605",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice dance\"\nOksana Domnina and Maxim Shabalin won bronze, but it was the first time Europeans had not won a gold medal in the history of ice dance at the Olympics. The U.S. began to dominate international competitions in ice dance at the turn of the 21st century; at the 2014 Olympics in Sochi, Davis and White won the Olympics gold medal. In 2018, at the Olympics in PyeongChang, Virtue and Moir became the most decorated figure skaters in Olympic history after winning the gold medal there. Skaters must only execute the prescribed elements; if they do not, the extra or unprescribed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3649085",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event The team event was a figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics that was held from 9 to 12 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. It took place over three days between 9–12 February with the short programs and the short dance taking place on 9 and 11 February, and the free skates and the free dance taking place on 11 and 12 February. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tricia Smith, Lydia Nsekera, and Britta Heidemann, members of the International",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18754295",
"chunk_text": "\"Short program (figure skating)\"\nthe short programs introduced in single men and women competitions in 1973 were modeled after the pair skating short program, and the structure of competitions in both single and pair competitions have been identical since the elimination of compulsory figures in 1990. Yuzuru Hanyu from Japan holds the highest single men's short program score of 112.72 points, which he earned at the 2017 CS Autumn Classic International in Montreal, Quebec. Russian skater Alina Zagitova holds the highest single women's short program score of 82.92, which she earned at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang, South Korea. Russian pair team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095505",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nChen performed a total seven clean quadruple jumps (two in the short program and five in the free skate) and scored 315.23 to win his second consecutive national title. Following the event, Chen, Adam Rippon, and Vincent Zhou were nominated by U.S. Figure Skating to compete at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea as part of the U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team. At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Chen placed 4th in the men's short program of the team event, became the first skater to land a quad Flip at the Olympics. Chen won a bronze medal in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12269342",
"chunk_text": "\"Adam Rippon\"\nAdam Rippon Adam Rippon (born November 11, 1989) is an American figure skater. He won the 2010 Four Continents Championships and the 2016 U.S. National Championships. Earlier in his career, he won the 2008 and 2009 World Junior Championships, the 2007–08 Junior Grand Prix Final, and the 2008 U.S junior national title. Rippon was selected to represent the United States at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Rippon won a bronze medal as part of the figure skating team event, thus becoming the first openly gay U.S. male athlete to win a medal",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095487",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nNathan Chen Nathan Chen (born May 5, 1999) is an American figure skater who competes in the men's singles discipline. He is the 2018 World champion, the 2018 Winter Olympic bronze medalist in the team event, the 2017 Four Continents champion, a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2017, 2018), and a two-time U.S. national champion (2017, 2018). Chen is the first and currently only skater competing with five quadruple jumps: toe loop, salchow, loop, flip and lutz. Nathan Chen was born in Salt Lake City, Utah and he has four older siblings. He attended West High School in Salt Lake",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10237576",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nChinese athlete competing in men's single skating in Olympic history so far. At the 2018 World Championships, he placed fourth in the short program but dropped to 19th overall after ranking 23rd in the free skate. \"\"GP: Grand Prix\"\"; \"\"CS: Challenger Series\"\"; \"\"JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\" \"\"Small medals for short and free programs are awarded only at ISU Championships. At team events, medals are awarded for team results only.\"\" Jin Boyang Jin Boyang (; ; born October 3, 1997) is a Chinese figure skater. He is a two-time World bronze medalist (2016–2017), the 2018 Four Continentschampion, the 2017 Asian Winter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4165113",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: The Olympic Athletes from Russia set two subsequent world records in the short program on February 21, with Evgenia Medvedeva scoring 81.61 and then Alina",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333219",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nwere third. This was the second Olympics since 1964 that a Soviet or Russian pair did not win a medal. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best score was set during this competition: A total of 22 teams qualified to compete for the event, with each country allowed to only enter a maximum of three. Originally only 20 spots were available, but due to the invitation of the North and South Korean teams, the quota jumped to 22. 16 quotas were handed out during the 2017 World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3649086",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nOlympic Committee; accompanied by Halina Gordon-Poltorak, ISU Ice Dance Technical Committee Chair, Fabio Bianchetti, ISU Single and Pair Skating Technical Committee Chair, and Christopher Buchanan, ISU Synchronized Skating Technical Committee Chair. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best score was set during this competition: This record was shortly broken in the 2018 Winter Olympics Ladies's Short Program by Alina Zagitova with a score of 82.92. Evgenia broke her own record with a score of 81.61, before Zagitova scored higher after skating after. A total of 10 teams",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3638830",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\nA total of 30 skaters qualified to compete for the event, with each country allowed to only enter a maximum of three. 24 quotas were handed out during the 2017 World Figure Skating Championships and the remaining six were given out at the 2017 CS Nebelhorn Trophy. Each country decided the entry of its teams, and athletes winning the quota were not necessarily granted the right to compete. All athletes competing must have met the minimum total elements score, which does not include component scores. For the short program this was 25.00 and the free skating 45.00. The short program",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7079243",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Chan\"\nof his footwork. He stated that this Olympic event was his last competition. He officially retired from competition on April 16, 2018. \"\"GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\" \"\"Small medals for short program and free skating awarded only at ISU Championships.\"\" Patrick Chan Patrick Lewis Wai-Kuan Chan (born December 31, 1990) is a Canadian former competitive figure skater. He is a 2018 Olympic gold medalist in the team event, 2014 Olympic silver medalist in the men's and team events, a three-time World champion (2011, 2012, 2013), a two-time Grand Prix Final champion (2010 and 2011), a three-time Four Continents",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096716",
"chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay\"\nwas held on 22 February. Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay The Men’s 5000 metre relay in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 13 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The race was won by Hungary, who upset perennial powerhouses Canada, South Korea and China to claim Hungary's first ever Winter Olympics gold medal. Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows. Two Olympic records were set during the competition. The semifinals were held",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1738507",
"chunk_text": "\"International figure skating\"\nskater to stand on an Olympic podium, winning silver at the Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. She is the first woman to land a triple-triple jump combination and a triple Axel in competition. In February 2006, Shizuka Arakawa became the first Japanese skater to be awarded an Olympic gold medal. Narumi Takahashi / Mervin Tran won Japan's first World medal in pair skating, taking bronze at the 2012 World Championships in Nice, France. In February 2014, Yuzuru Hanyu won Japan's first Olympic title in men's figure skating. Mao Asada is her country's most successful ladies' figure skater at the World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1965133",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres The men's 10,000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 15 February 2018 at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung, South Korea. The event was won by Ted-Jan Bloemen, the world record holder at this distance. Defending champion Jorrit Bergsma was second, and Nicola Tumolero won the bronze medal. During the competition, first Bergsma and then Bloemen set Olympic records. This was the first skating event at the 2018 Olympics not won by a Dutch skater. For Tumolero, this was his first Olympic medal; for Bloemen",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12238021",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Radford\"\nEric Radford Eric Radford (born January 27, 1985) is a Canadian pair skater. With partner Meagan Duhamel, he is a two-time world champion (2015, 2016), a 2018 Olympic gold medalist in the team event, a 2014 Olympic silver medalist in the team event, a 2018 Olympic bronze medalist in the pairs event, a two-time Four Continents champion (2013, 2015), the 2014–15 Grand Prix Final champion, and a seven-time Canadian national champion (2012–18). He is the first openly gay man to have won a gold medal at any Winter Olympics. During the 2014 Olympics, Duhamel and Radford became the first pair",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16095507",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Chen\"\nplaces from the short program to finish in 5th place overall. In March at the 2018 World Figure Skating Championships in Milan, Chen placed first in both the short (101.94) and free (219.46) programs. He again attempted and landed six quads in the free program, winning the 2018 world champion title with a total score of 321.40 points and becoming the second skater to have ever broken 320 points after Yuzuru Hanyu. Chen becomes the first U.S. men's world champion since Evan Lysacek in 2009 and the 10th in history, joining the group of great world champions from the United",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333221",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nthe minimum total elements score, which does not include component scores. For the short program this was 20.00 and the free skate 36.00. The short program was held on 14 February. The free skating was held on 15 February. The skaters are ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19347923",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nJin Boyang Jin Boyang (; ; born October 3, 1997) is a Chinese figure skater. He is a two-time World bronze medalist (2016–2017), the 2018 Four Continentschampion, the 2017 Asian Winter Games silver medalist, and a four-time (2014–2017) Chinese national champion. He is the first Chinese skater to medal in the men's singles at the World Figure Skating Championships. On the junior level, he is the 2015 World Junior silver medalist and the 2013 JGP Final champion. Jin is the first skater to ever land a quad lutz-triple toe loop combination in international competition, the first skater to have landed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19007018",
"chunk_text": "\"Yuzuru Hanyu\"\n6.97 points behind compatriot Tatsuki Machida. He came back with a free skating earning 191.35 points to win that segment of the competition and claiming his first World title scoring 282.59 points overall. His total score was 0.33 points ahead of silver medalist Machida. Hanyu became the first skater since Alexei Yagudin (in 2002) to win the Olympics, World Championships, and Grand Prix Final in the same season. His free skating costume was designed by American figure skater Johnny Weir. Hanyu's 2014-15 season was plagued by injury and illness. Despite that, Hanyu defended his Grand Prix Final title and earned",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5773171",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres The men's 1500 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 13 February 2018 at the Gangneung Oval in Gangneung. Kjeld Nuis posted a time 0.06 seconds short of the Olympic record and won the gold medal. Patrick Roest won silver, and Kim Min-seok bronze, becoming the first Asian athlete to ever medal in this event. For all three of them, it was their first Olympic race and first Olympic medal. The defending champion Zbigniew Bródka, as well as the 2014 silver, Koen Verweij, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18712733",
"chunk_text": "\"Alina Zagitova\"\nAlina Zagitova Alina Ilnazovna Zagitova (, , born 18 May 2002) is a Russian figure skater. She is the 2018 Olympic champion, the 2018 European champion, 2017–18 Grand Prix Final champion, and the 2018 Russian national champion. Zagitova also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2018 Winter Olympics, representing the Olympic Athletes from Russia team. Earlier in her career, she won gold at the 2017 World Junior Championships and at the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final. At the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final, she became the first junior lady to achieve a total score above the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8632751",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Men's singles\"\ncompetition was three-time world champion Evgeni Plushenko, who withdrew from the 2005 World Championships due to injury. Reigning world champion Stéphane Lambiel was considered Plushenko's main competition for the gold. Other notable competitors coming into the event included Canadians Jeffrey Buttle (the reigning world silver medalist) and Emanuel Sandhu, France's Brian Joubert, Japan's Daisuke Takahashi, and the strong American team of Johnny Weir, Evan Lysacek (reigning world bronze medalist), and Matt Savoie. The men's short program took place on February 14. Plushenko took the early lead after the short program. He set a new personal best (also the world record)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16937001",
"chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nofficial introduction at the 1998 Winter Olympics, Canada failed to medal in men's and women's curling, but did win gold in mixed doubles curling, a category making its Olympic debut. On Day 2 of the Games, Mark McMorris won the bronze medal in the men's slopestyle. This was eleven months after the snowboarder ended up in a coma. Pairs skater Eric Radford became the first openly gay man to win a gold medal at any Winter Olympics, as part of the Canadian team that won the team figure skating competition. A corner of Canada Olympic House was set aside as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10237575",
"chunk_text": "\"Jin Boyang\"\nwithdrew from the Grand Prix Final and Chinese Nationals due to the ankle injuries. At 2018 Four Continents, his first competition post injury, Jin surpassed 100 points in the short program for the first time internationally, with a score of 100.17. In the free skate he scored 200.78 points, for an overall score of 300.95, surpassing the 200 and 300 point barrier once again and winning the gold medal over 2017 World silver medalist Shoma Uno. Jin placed 4th at the 2018 Winter Olympics, only 7.47 points behind third place finisher Javier Fernández. His placement is the highest of any",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6333220",
"chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nFigure Skating Championships and four were given out at the 2017 CS Nebelhorn Trophy. Each country decided the entry of its teams, and athletes winning the quota were not necessarily granted the right to compete. The South Korean were given an additional quota as host nation, after they failed to qualify through the World Championships or Nebelhorn Trophy. North Korea, who originally qualified at the Nebelhorn Trophy, did not register its athletes in time. However, after the country agreed to participate in the games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) allowed the pair to compete. All pairs competing must have met",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10096798",
"chunk_text": "\"Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's moguls\"\nFreestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's moguls The men's moguls event in freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place from 9 to 12 February 2018 at the Bogwang Phoenix Park, Pyeongchang, South Korea. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tricia Smith, member of the International Olympic Committee, accompanied by Dean Gosper, FIS council member. The top 30 athletes in the Olympic quota allocation list qualified, with a maximum of four athletes per National Olympic Committee (NOC) allowed. All athletes qualifying must also have placed in the top 30 of a FIS World",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17067563",
"chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament\"\nand Slovakia-based Tipsport liga's 14-day break. Conversely, Finland-based SM-liiga did not accommodate a break, but allowed its top players to leave the clubs and participate in the Olympic Games. The Russian national team, competing under the name of the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR), won the gold medal, defeating the German national team with a score of 4-3 in overtime in the final. Canada, Russia, Sweden, Finland, United States, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Slovakia qualified as the top eight teams in the IIHF World Ranking in 2015. South Korea qualified as host team. To field a competitive team, the South",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10741308",
"chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metres The men's 5000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung on 11 February 2018. The event was won by two-time defending champion Sven Kramer in an Olympic record time of 6:09:76. In doing so, he became the first man to win three gold medals in a speed skating event in three consecutive editions of the Olympics. Ted-Jan Bloemen won the silver medal, and Sverre Lunde Pedersen won the bronze medal. Bloemen and Pedersen skated in the same pair, posted the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20185907",
"chunk_text": "\"Yuzuru Hanyu\"\nYuzuru Hanyu Regarded as one of the greatest, if not the greatest figure skater in history, Hanyu has broken world records sixteen times - the most times among singles skaters since the introduction of the ISU Judging System in 2004. He holds the current world records for the short program, free skating and combined total scores in addition to the historical world records for all three segments for the era before the 2018-19 season. He is the first man to have broken the 100-point barrier in the men's short program, the 200-point barrier in the men's free skating, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15534530",
"chunk_text": "\"2017 Skate America\"\na quad Salchow. Rippon had some pain in his right shoulder after falling on a quad Lutz but was able to continue. Jin skated on two sprained ankles, but still achieved a free skate score and placement high enough to qualify for the Grand Prix final. Chen finished first overall by 9.43 points, Rippon won silver, and Voronov took bronze, with Rafael Arutyunyan coaching the top two. Miyahara placed first in the short program, Sakamoto was second with a 1.32-point deficit, and Daleman third. Miyahara, first in the free skate, won gold with a 3.44-point margin over Sakamoto, who won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7856047",
"chunk_text": "\"Denis Ten\"\nDenis Ten Denis Yuryevich Ten (; ; 13 June 1993 – 19 July 2018) was a Kazakhstani figure skater. He was the 2014 Olympic bronze medalist, a two-time World medalist (silver in 2013, bronze in 2015), the 2015 Four Continents champion, the 2017 Winter Universiade champion, and a five-time national champion of Kazakhstan. Ten was the first skater from Kazakhstan to stand on the podium at the World Championships, Four Continents Championships, Asian Winter Games, and the Olympic Games. At the 2008–09 ISU Junior Grand Prix event in Belarus, he became the first skater from Kazakhstan to win an International",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_668
|
when do you get your dress blues in the army?
|
n/a
|
[
"during initial entry training",
"when commissioned"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639119",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nuniform for officers and warrant officers since 1937. It was also authorized for wear by enlisted men and women at their own expense when off duty. It was decided in 2006 that all U.S. Army personnel were to transition to the blue uniform. New blue Army Service Uniforms were issued to initial entry training soldiers beginning in the 4th-quarter of fiscal year 2010. This replaces the \"\"Army Greens\"\" as a service dress, which are scheduled to be phased out of use in the 4th-quarter of Fiscal Year 2015. Dark blue was the traditional color of most Continental/U.S. Army uniforms from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563380",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nuniform. It is based on the older \"\"dress blue\"\" dress uniform. Older antecedents include the uniforms of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and the Union Army's during the American Civil War. Their influence is apparent in the overall blue theme, the officers' passants (shoulder-straps) and trouser design. On Veterans Day 2018, the Army announced that a new version of the Army Greens, based on the \"\"pinks and greens\"\" uniform worn in World War II, would be brought back as the everyday service uniform starting in 2020. The current Army Blues Uniform will return to being a formal dress",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639120",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\n1774 until 1902. Even after the introduction of khaki for field wear in that year dark blue tunics and light blue trousers continued in use for full dress and off duty wear until 1917. The Army blue uniform comprises a dark-blue coat, light-blue or dark-blue (general officers) trousers, a white turndown-collar shirt, black four-in-hand or double windsor necktie, a black beret, and often a ceremonial belt. When worn with a black bow tie, the Army blue uniform constitutes a formal uniform and corresponds to a civilian tuxedo. When worn with a black four-in-hand or double windsor necktie, the Army blue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474976",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nserved as the Army's formal dress uniform, was phased in to replace the Army Green and the Army White uniforms in October 2009. This uniform functions as both a garrison uniform (when worn with a white shirt and necktie) and a dress uniform (when worn with a white shirt and a bow tie for \"\"after six\"\" or \"\"black tie\"\" events). The blue uniform has been a mandatory wear item since fourth quarter, FY2014. The beret, adopted Army-wide in 2001, continues to be worn with the Army Service Uniform for non-ceremonial functions. The current service uniform will be replaced starting in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563383",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nranks until 1917 and reintroduced in a modernized form (with open collar and tie) for officers and warrant officers in 1937. Since 2010, enlisted soldiers have received the blue service uniform as part of their basic clothing bag issue when they enter the army during initial training. The Army further provides active-duty enlisted soldiers an annual clothing allowance to maintain their basic clothing bag issue items. The Army included a series of stipends in this annual clothing allowance to replace the green service uniform for already-serving soldiers. Commissioned officers are given a one-time stipend when commissioned to purchase their required",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639122",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nthe American Revolution. The most formal of a Marine's uniforms outside of the elaborate evening dress uniforms of officers and senior enlisted, it is often referred to as \"\"Dress Blues\"\", due to its color (as distinguished from the green and khaki service uniforms), and can be worn in many forms. It is the only uniform of the United States military to use all of the colors of the nation's flag and incorporates button designs which are the oldest military insignia still in use in the United States Armed Forces to this day. All the blue uniforms have the same trousers,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19738478",
"chunk_text": "\"Mess dress uniform\"\nof grade E6 and above (staff sergeant to sergeant major/master gunnery sergeant); junior enlisted members wear dress blues or Service \"\"A\"\" (also known as \"\"Alphas\"\") as their most formal uniform. The uniform coat of commissioned and warrant officers is fastened at the neck, similar to that of the dress blue uniform, but is cut away, \"\"cavalry-style\"\", to expose the white dress shirt and scarlet cummerbund (general officers have a scarlet vest with small gold buttons). This version is known as evening dress \"\"B,\"\" and is equivalent to formal \"\"black tie\"\" civilian attire. It is worn to formal dances, balls, dinners,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12610424",
"chunk_text": "\"Tabs of the United States Army\"\non 30 October 1950. The Ranger Tab can be revoked IAW AR 600-8-22, Section 1-31, para. 13. The full color tab is worn below the shoulder seam on the left sleeve of the Army green coat. The subdued tab is worn below the shoulder seam on the left sleeve of utility uniforms, field jackets and the desert battle dress uniform (DBDU). The full color tab is long, wide, with a yellow border and the word \"\"RANGER\"\" inscribed in yellow letters high. The subdued tab is identical, except the background is olive drab and the word \"\"RANGER\"\" is in black letters.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563379",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nArmy Service Uniform The Army Service Uniform (ASU) is a military uniform worn by United States Army personnel in situations where formal dress is called for. It can be worn at most public and official functions, and as an analog for business dress. In combat situations, the Army Combat Uniform is used. The blue ASU replaced the \"\"Army Green\"\" and \"\"Army White\"\" service uniforms. Originally created in 2008 as a secondary uniform to the former army \"\"class A greens\"\", in the autumn of 2010 it started being issued to all soldiers and now is worn army-wide as the official service",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2867836",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nsimilar to MultiCam. Current plans call for a full transition to the OCP by the autumn of 2019. The standard garrison service uniform is known as the \"\"Army Service Uniform\"\". It replaced the \"\"Army Greens,\"\" or \"\"Class A\"\" uniforms, in October 2015, which had been worn by all officers and enlisted personnel since its introduction in 1956, when it replaced earlier olive drab (OD) and khaki (called Tropical Worsted or TW) uniforms worn between the 1890s and 1985. The \"\"Army Blue\"\" uniform, dating back to the \"\"Virginia Blues\"\" of George Washington's first command, in the Colonial Virginia Militia, had previously",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639124",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\na white waistbelt and brass buckle when wearing the Dress Blue coat. The Marine Corps is the only branch of the United States military which regularly allows NCOs to carry a sword. For enlisted Marines, they earn the right to carry the NCO sword and wear the scarlet blood stripe on their blue trousers when they achieve the rank of Corporal. Prior to 1998, certain ceremonial Marine units, such as the Silent Drill Platoon, wore a blue/white dress uniform in which white trousers were substituted for blue while performing ceremonial functions. The blue/white version is now an authorized summer uniform",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563384",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nuniform items. The Army requires officers to purchase and maintain only the blue service uniform. Possession and use of the blue ASU has been mandatory for all soldiers since October 1, 2015, when the green Class A was retired. Since the blue ASU is now standard, the only green service uniform remaining in the U.S. military are the Marine Corps's olive green service uniform. The ASU includes a midnight blue coat worn with lighter blue low waist trousers for male soldiers and a midnight blue coat worn with either lighter blue slacks or midnight blue skirt for female soldiers. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15901629",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps\"\nuniform of the Marine Corps is the Blue Dress uniform, often seen in recruiting advertisements. It is often called \"\"Dress Blues\"\" or simply \"\"Blues\"\". It is equivalent in composition and use to civilian black tie. The various designations are listed in descending order of formality: Because the Blue Dress uniform is considered formal wear, Blue Dress \"\"C\"\" and \"\"D\"\" are rarely worn. The main exceptions are Marine recruiters and Marine Security Guards, who wear the \"\"C\"\" and \"\"D\"\" in warm weather, and Marine One pilots in place of a flight suit. Only the \"\"B\"\", \"\"C\"\", and \"\"D\"\" Blue Dress uniforms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17601050",
"chunk_text": "\"Military discharge\"\nworn over the right breast pocket on the \"\"Class A\"\" dress tunic. The Marine Corps issued an Honorable Discharge Lapel Button from 1916 to the present that was meant to be worn with civilian clothes. During World War Two from 1941 to 1945 a contrasting diamond worn on the lower right sleeve with the Dress Blues or Dress Whites (a white diamond on the Dress Blues and a blue diamond on the Dress Whites) by retired Marines. A white diamond was worn on the upper right shoulder (like a Distinctive Unit Insignia) on the Service Green or Service Khaki \"\"Alphas\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12102928",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\ntrousers and a long-sleeved white shirt with black tie. The dress blue ASU for females includes the blue coat, skirt, and a long-sleeved white shirt with black neck tab. Females in army bands, honor guards, and female chaplains are authorized to wear army blue slacks in the performance of their duties. The black beret and service cap are authorized for wear with this uniform. Combat boots and organizational items, such as brassards, military police accessories and distinctive unit insignia are not worn. When the dress blue ASU is worn for social events in the evening (i.e. after retreat), men may",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17706913",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Marine Corps\"\n\"\"Blue Dress Alphas or Bravos\"\", called \"\"Dress Blues\"\" or simply \"\"Blues\"\". It is most often seen in recruiting advertisements and is equivalent to black tie. There is a \"\"Blue-White\"\" Dress for summer, and Evening Dress for formal (white tie) occasions. Versions with a khaki shirt in lieu of the coat (Blue Dress Charlie/Delta) are worn as a daily working uniform by Marine recruiters and NROTC staff. The Service Uniform was once the prescribed daily work attire in garrison; however, it has been largely superseded in this role by the utility uniform. Consisting of olive green and khaki colors, it is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5404007",
"chunk_text": "\"Service dress uniform\"\nsummer and a blue version in winter. The Service Dress Blue may be worn year round for travel only. The civilian equivalent is a business suit. Service Dress uniforms were originally worn on active service in the field (or at sea), but became relegated to the roles of barrack dress and walking out dress as more practical field uniforms evolved. In the British Army, Service Dress is also now used for most ceremonial occasions, mostly replacing in this role the dress uniforms that had preceded them as field uniforms. Examples of service dress uniforms in different countries and time periods",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2867838",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\n2020 by a new version of the \"\"Army Greens\"\", based on the \"\"pinks and greens\"\" uniform worn in World War II. The current Army Blues Uniform will return to being a formal dress uniform. The new service uniform will include khaki pants and brown leather oxfords for both men and women, with women having the option to wear a pencil skirt and pumps instead. There will be a leather bomber jacket as an outerwear option. Mess dress is the military term for the formal evening dress worn in the mess or at other formal occasions. This is generally worn as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11613679",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the British Army\"\nofficers but without the velvet) in dark blue (or green for The Rifles). Fourteen numbered 'orders' of dress (in addition to full dress) are set out in Army Dress Regulations but many of these are rarely worn or have been phased out altogether. Numbers 5 and 9 have been replaced by the new 'Personal Clothing System' Combat Uniform (or PCS-CU for short). Several orders of dress are only issued to officers (and [[SNCO]]s in some cases); others are only issued to personnel serving in particular climates or specific roles. No. 1 Dress, or \"\"dress blues\"\", is a ceremonial uniform, worn",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563381",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nuniform. The new service uniform will include khaki pants and brown leather oxfords for both men and women, with women having the option to wear a pencil skirt and pumps instead. There will be a leather bomber jacket as an outerwear option. The blue Army Service Uniform has been used since the late 2000s. According to Army Regulation 670-1: \"\"Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia\"\", the Army Service Uniform seeks to combine dress and Service uniforms through wear stipulations. The ASU was announced in 2006 by then-Army Chief of Staff General Peter Schoomaker, and serves as the Army's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639135",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nBattalion of the Army Headquarters wears an identical uniform but with the dark blue beret. Dress uniform Dress uniform (often referred to as \"\"full dress uniform\"\", to distinguish it from mess dress, and from semi-formal uniforms, such as the British Army's Service Dress), is the most formal military uniform, typically worn at ceremonies, official receptions, and other special occasions; with order insignias and full size medals. The dress uniform correspond to the civilian white tie dress code. Uniform design may be distinct to a regiment or branch of service (marines, army, navy, air force, etc.). Although they are often brightly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19171345",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\non physical training conditions. All parts of the uniform are styled in black and gold and include track jacket, short-sleeve and long-sleeve T-shirts, track pants, and stretchable running trunks. The uniform was released on October 1, 2014. No standard shoe style is specified to be worn; soldiers are expected simply to purchase commercial running shoes. Shoes with profane or vulgar logos, however, as well as \"\"toe shoes\"\" (such as the Vibram FiveFingers running shoe), are prohibited. U.S. Army uniform regulations define a class of \"\"special ceremonial units\"\" (SCU). SCUs, which include guards units and bands, are authorized to wear distinctive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474970",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nwas the army's equivalent to the dress white uniform worn by officers in the U.S. Navy. However, unlike the navy, which mandates the owning and wearing of the white uniform throughout the summer months (year round in tropical locations) by all ranks (E-1 to O-10), the Army white uniform was an optional uniform, and was only required to be purchased by officers and sergeants major assigned to posts in the tropics and the southern United States. The Army white service uniform was phased out in 2014. Introduced in 1902 as a summer undress uniform, its wearing, along with the dress",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13652428",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nUniform for service dress which was eventually pulled from service in 2010. An alternate semi-dress uniform authorized for officers during the summer months, the Army Khaki Cotton Uniform continued in use until 1985. Field dress during this period was either the Army Tropical Uniform, or the M1951 wool field uniform. These were followed in 1981 by the Battle Dress Uniform, which was pulled from use in favor of the Army Combat Uniform in the mid-2000s. In 1774, a blue Continental Army coat, with state facing colors, and white waistcoat and breeches or overalls was worn. The origin of \"\"blue\"\" as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474969",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nwas halted in 2010, and the uniform was phased out in 2015, and was completely replaced by the blue ASU. The green service uniform was discontinued in 2015 after 61 years of approved wear, the vast majority of that stretch as the service uniform that defined the Army at the time. On Veterans Day 2018, the Army announced that a new version of the Army Greens, based on the \"\"pinks and greens\"\" uniform worn in World War II, would be brought back as the everyday service uniform starting in 2020. One of the Army's Dress Uniforms, the Army White Uniform,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19916424",
"chunk_text": "\"Pinks and greens\"\nEisenhower, was introduced. Beginning in 1948, wear of the uniform by officers was restricted to off-duty hours and informal evening social functions. The uniform was altogether deauthorized for officers of the United States Army effective February 1, 1958, and for officers of the United States Army Reserve and the National Guard of the United States effective October 1, 1959. The \"\"pinks and greens\"\" have been called \"\"one of the flashiest and most striking uniforms ever authorized by the Army\"\". After a 60-year hiatus, on November 11, 2018, the U.S. Army announced it would adopt a new uniform patterned on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16314902",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle Dress Uniform\"\nVietnam War's jungle fatigues, which were in turn similar in configuration to specialty uniforms worn by U.S. paratroopers during World War II. First issued in limited number to garrison leaders, officers and generals to all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces in September 1981 for replacement of the long worn and aging Olive Drab colored uniforms or OG-107, the following month in October, the Battle Dress Uniform began field issue military wide. Since 1981, changes included the addition and subsequent elimination of buttoned waist adjustment tabs, the size reduction of the collar, and refinements in stitching and fit. BDUs were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6950859",
"chunk_text": "\"Good Conduct stripe\"\nwritten in the Regimental Conduct Book after 14 years good conduct during service, they earned the 4th, 5th, and 6th stripes after 16-, 21-, and 26-years respectively. It was worn with the Service Dress (\"\"SD\"\" or \"\"No.2 Dress\"\"), Khaki drill (\"\"KD\"\" or \"\"No.6 Dress\"\") and Battledress (\"\"BD\"\" or \"\"No.5 Dress\"\") uniforms. The wear of Good Conduct stripes was discontinued in 1968 after the British-style Commonwealth uniform was replaced by the new Canadian Armed Forces uniform. Good Conduct stripe The Good-Conduct stripe was a British Army award for good conduct during service in the Regular Army by an enlisted man. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563394",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\nwith the long sleeve white shirt when it is worn. Source: Army Service Uniform The Army Service Uniform (ASU) is a military uniform worn by United States Army personnel in situations where formal dress is called for. It can be worn at most public and official functions, and as an analog for business dress. In combat situations, the Army Combat Uniform is used. The blue ASU replaced the \"\"Army Green\"\" and \"\"Army White\"\" service uniforms. Originally created in 2008 as a secondary uniform to the former army \"\"class A greens\"\", in the autumn of 2010 it started being issued to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6525790",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle Dress Uniform\"\nto those serving in the Middle East or other hot-weather theaters. On May 4, 2016, the National Commander of the Civil Air Patrol announced the USAF's approval for the Civil Air Patrol to begin its transition to the Airman Battle Uniform. On May 14, 2018, the Air Force announced the adoption of the Army's Operational Camouflage Pattern uniform, however, insignia will be distinctive. Transition is to be complete by April 1, 2021. The U.S. Coast Guard has introduced the new Operational Dress Uniform (ODU) uniform in 2004 to replace the winter and summer \"\"Undress Duty\"\" uniform. Resembling the BDU, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1081875",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nDress uniform Dress uniform (often referred to as \"\"full dress uniform\"\", to distinguish it from mess dress, and from semi-formal uniforms, such as the British Army's Service Dress), is the most formal military uniform, typically worn at ceremonies, official receptions, and other special occasions; with order insignias and full size medals. The dress uniform correspond to the civilian white tie dress code. Uniform design may be distinct to a regiment or branch of service (marines, army, navy, air force, etc.). Although they are often brightly colored, and adorned with ornaments (gold braid, lanyards, lampasses, etc.), most originated as practical uniforms",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4586647",
"chunk_text": "\"Combat uniform\"\n1857. It became standard in India in 1885, for all foreign postings in 1896, and was adopted throughout the army in 1902 during the Second Boer War. Battle Dress (BD), later called \"\"No.5 Dress\"\", was the official name for the standard working and fighting uniform worn by the British Army and the armies of other Imperial and Commonwealth countries in temperate climes from 1937 to the late 1960s. It was a pair of trousers and a close fitting short jacket \"\"Blouse\"\" made of khaki-coloured woollen cloth. Air force blue battledress was worn by the Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4937012",
"chunk_text": "\"Infantry blue cord\"\nInfantry blue cord The infantry blue cord is a United States military decoration worn over the right shoulder of all infantry-qualified U.S. Army soldiers. It is a fourragere in light blue, specifically PMS 5415 (dubbed \"\"Infantry Blue\"\" by the U.S. Army), worn under the right shoulder and under the right epaulette of a U.S. Army infantry soldier's Class A dress blue uniform jacket or Class B shirt. The cord is composed of a series of alternating left and right half knots that are tied around a leader cord to form a \"\"Solomon bar\"\". The infantry blue cord is presented to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4937018",
"chunk_text": "\"Infantry blue cord\"\nand disks became standard for all U.S. infantry soldiers in 1952. Today, enlisted graduates of infantry \"\"One Station Unit Training\"\" or \"\"Split Training Option\"\" receive their blue cord at the \"\"Turning Blue\"\" ceremony held the day before their graduation from Infantry advanced individual training (AIT). This ceremony typically follows a week-long field training exercise (FTX) including at least a 5-mile ruck march to the field, multiple force on force and team exercises that precede at least a 12-mile ruck march back to garrison. All other recruits first attend a 9-week basic combat training (BCT) course before moving on to their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18183644",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Army enlisted rank insignia\"\nworn. The new combination Army Service Uniform (ASU) is dual-purpose, consisting of a dark-blue jacket, white dress shirt, and blue trousers (or an optional dark-blue skirt for female personnel). The jacket has epaulettes for enlisted men and non-commissioned officers, and shoulder straps for warrant officers and officers. Non-commissioned, warrant, and commissioned officers' trousers have a wide yellow stripe down the outside of each trouser leg. There are dark-blue cloth sliders with embroidered yellow or white rank-insignia on the Class \"\"B\"\" dress shirt epaulettes. It is a service uniform when worn with a dark-blue necktie; it is a Class \"\"A\"\" uniform",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9571639",
"chunk_text": "\"Military uniform\"\nwell known for their traditional midnight blue tunics and sky blue trousers (trimmed in red for NCO and above). These \"\"dress blues\"\" are worn for formal occasions such as the Marine Corps Birthday Ball in November. The British Household Cavalry and Foot Guards wear uniforms largely unchanged from 1914 for \"\"public duties\"\" i.e. ceremonial. The military of many countries have adopted the economical expedient of smartening up combat uniforms for parade by adding medals, neck scarves and coloured berets to the terrain coloured camouflage uniforms intended for combat. As an interesting example of the combining of old and new features",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4937020",
"chunk_text": "\"Infantry blue cord\"\nstaff sergeant or sergeant first class who pins on the blue cord then renders a salute recognizing the lieutenant's entry into the ranks of the infantry. Infantry blue cord The infantry blue cord is a United States military decoration worn over the right shoulder of all infantry-qualified U.S. Army soldiers. It is a fourragere in light blue, specifically PMS 5415 (dubbed \"\"Infantry Blue\"\" by the U.S. Army), worn under the right shoulder and under the right epaulette of a U.S. Army infantry soldier's Class A dress blue uniform jacket or Class B shirt. The cord is composed of a series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1162350",
"chunk_text": "\"Overseas Service Bar\"\nOverseas Service Bar An Overseas Service Bar is an accoutrement on a United States Army, Army Service Uniform and previously on the Army Green (Class A) and the Army Blue (Dress Blue) uniforms that indicates a soldier has served six months of service in a combat zone. Overseas Service Bars are displayed as an embroidered gold bar worn horizontally on the right sleeve of the Class A uniform and the Army Service Uniform. Overseas Service Bars are cumulative, in that each bar worn indicates another six-month period. Time spent overseas is also cumulative, meaning one bar could be earned for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639123",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\ncover, and black shoes, with the exception of general officers who wear dark blue trousers in the same color as the coat. Officers, Staff Noncommissioned Officers, and Noncommissioned Officers wear blood stripes on their trousers. Blood stripes are 1.25\"\" in width for NCOs and SNCOs, 1.5\"\" for officers, and 2\"\" for general officers. A sword may be worn when the individual is in command of troops in formation—the Mameluke sword for officers, the NCO sword for NCOs and SNCOs. When wearing the sword and Dress Blue coat, officers wear the Sam Browne belt. For enlisted, the sword is worn with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2563382",
"chunk_text": "\"Army Service Uniform\"\ndress, garrison, and ceremonial uniform. The blue ASU made its \"\"debut\"\" at the 2007 State of the Union Address, when General Schoomaker wore his blue uniform. The ASU used the preexisting \"\"army blue\"\" uniform as a model. In terms of color the ASU resembles the campaign uniforms worn by soldiers during the Mexican–American War, American Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish–American War prior to the introduction of khaki uniforms in the 1890s and olive drab uniforms in 1902, relegating the blue uniform to use as dress uniform. Dress uniforms of dark-blue tunics and light-blue trousers were worn by all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2430941",
"chunk_text": "\"Operational Camouflage Pattern\"\nwear OCP uniforms beginning 1 October 2018. Recruits in basic training, and cadets in Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps, and Officer Training School will start being issued OCPs on 1 October 2019. All Airmen will be required to own OCP uniforms by 1 April 2021. The Army Combat Uniform patterned in OCP first became available to U.S. Army soldiers on 1 July 2015 at 20 locations in the contiguous United States and in South Korea, with first-day sales exceeding $1.4 million. More installations began sales later in 2015, although soldiers deploying on real-world missions will receive uniforms and equipment",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10142906",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Navy\"\na more unisex appearance across all sailors. The new covers will completely replace the female versions for chief petty officers and commissioned officers by the end of October 2018; their replacement was originally scheduled for the end of October 2016 but was extended by another two years. The enlisted female covers were replaced in October 2016 for dress whites as scheduled, but remain authorized and mandatory for the four-button enlisted service dress blue uniform until that uniform is retired at the end of December 2019. Full Dress uniforms are worn for ceremonies such as changes of command, retirements, commissionings and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16237868",
"chunk_text": "\"United States Army uniforms in World War II\"\nout by 1968. The \"\"Class B\"\" version (khaki long-sleeve or short-sleeve cotton shirt, optional necktie, cotton trousers, and side-cap) although lighter and technically cooler than the temperate uniform, required a lot of starch to remain crisp in the humid tropical air. A smarter-looking and easier to maintain permanent-press version of the Khaki \"\"Class B\"\" uniform was used during the early 1970s to the mid 1980s. The Army Tan \"\"Class B\"\" uniform was finally replaced by the new Battle Dress Utility (BDU) fatigue uniform in 1985. The Class D or blue denim uniform was for wear during fatigue duties. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11639125",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nfor officers, SNCOs, and on certain functions, NCOs. The Marine Corps Mounted Color Guard currently wears the blue dress coat with white riding breeches and polished black knee-high riding boots although in the past they have worn blue riding breeches with the red blood stripe. Another uniform, the obsolete Dress White uniform, was a white version of the standard dress coat and trousers, was authorized only for officers, and resembled the Navy's Officer/CPO dress whites. No blood stripes were authorized, and white shoes were worn. This uniform was superseded by the Blue/White Dress uniform in 2000. U.S. Naval Officers and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10142898",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Navy\"\nto a command. The civilian equivalent is a business suit. They are seasonal, with the white uniform worn in summer and the blue in winter. Service Dress Blue may be worn year round for travel only. Ribbons are worn over the left breast pocket in all variations of the service dress uniform. The All-Weather Coat, Overcoat, or Reefer may be worn with service dress uniforms in cold or inclement weather. The Service Dress Blue (SDB) uniform consists of a dark navy blue suit coat and trousers (or optional skirt for women) that are nearly black in color, a white shirt,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1081915",
"chunk_text": "\"Dress uniform\"\nto the old full dress, but without epaulettes and slashes and worn with a peaked cap. The Army Air Forces became the US Air Force in 1947. The First US Air Force Dress Uniforms were known as \"\"Uxbridge Blue\"\" and were developed and manufactured at the former Bachman Uxbridge Worsted Company in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. The United States Air Force Auxiliary (Civil Air Patrol), is authorized by Congress to wear the United States Air Force uniform since it was recognized as a department of it in 1942. The United States Army has one blue uniform which has served as a dress",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15308727",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps\"\nto wear the uniform). NCOs and junior enlisted personnel can wear the uniform but only for ceremonies and social events only, if authorized and provided by the command structure. Like the Blue Dress uniform, the Blue-White Dress consists of an \"\"A\"\" and \"\"B\"\" uniform, and is worn in the same manner as that of the Blue Dress uniform, except for the trousers, skirt, or slacks being white instead of blue. Unlike the Dress Blues, the Blue-White Dress uniforms do not feature the \"\"blood stripe\"\". As with the Dress Blues, the \"\"A\"\" is not authorized for leave and liberty wear. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474978",
"chunk_text": "\"Uniforms of the United States Army\"\nthe military equivalent of white tie or black tie. The Army blue mess uniform comprises the Army blue mess jacket, dark- or light-blue high-waisted trousers, white semiformal dress shirt with a turndown collar, black bow tie, and black cummerbund. The Army blue evening mess uniform comprises the Army blue mess jacket, dark- or light-blue high-waisted trousers, white formal dress shirt with a wing collar, white vest, and white bow tie. The blue trousers are cut along the lines of civilian dress trousers, with a high waist and without pleats, cuffs, or hip pockets. The trouser leg ornamentation consists of an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4674926",
"chunk_text": "\"Service Dress (British Army)\"\ndrill uniforms were adopted by units in the field over the turn of the century but the darker khaki standardised \"\"Service Dress\"\" uniform was not adopted until after the Second Boer War. First publicly displayed in 1902, the new uniform did not become universal issue until the following year for all of the regular army serving in Britain. The scarlet, dark blue and rifle green uniforms were retained as \"\"review order\"\" (parade) and \"\"walking out\"\" (off duty wear out of barracks) until 1914. For Other Ranks, the SD uniform originally comprised khaki wool (serge) trousers, a khaki wool tunic, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1162362",
"chunk_text": "\"Overseas Service Bar\"\nmonths.<br> b. \"\"How worn\"\". See DA Pam 670–1. Overseas Service Bar An Overseas Service Bar is an accoutrement on a United States Army, Army Service Uniform and previously on the Army Green (Class A) and the Army Blue (Dress Blue) uniforms that indicates a soldier has served six months of service in a combat zone. Overseas Service Bars are displayed as an embroidered gold bar worn horizontally on the right sleeve of the Class A uniform and the Army Service Uniform. Overseas Service Bars are cumulative, in that each bar worn indicates another six-month period. Time spent overseas is also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_669
|
what happened at the 1939 worlds fair in regards to television?
|
n/a
|
[
"Television demonstrations are held"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807614",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nthe fair. On April 30, 1939, the opening ceremony and President Roosevelt's speech were seen on black and white television sets with 5 to 12-inch tubes. NBC used the event to inaugurate regularly scheduled television broadcasts in New York City over their station W2XBS (now WNBC). An estimated 1,000 people viewed the Roosevelt telecast on about 200 television sets scattered throughout the New York metropolitan area. In order to convince skeptical visitors that the television sets were not a trick, one set was made with a transparent case so that the internal components could be seen. As part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18720797",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nbegan regularly scheduled television broadcasts in New York on April 30, 1939, with a broadcast of the opening of the 1939 New York World's Fair. In 1937 RCA raised the frame definition to 441 lines, and its executives petitioned the FCC for approval of the standard. By June 1939, regularly scheduled 441-line electronic television broadcasts were available in New York City and Los Angeles, and by November on General Electric's station in Schenectady. From May through December 1939, the New York City NBC station (W2XBS) of RCA broadcast twenty to fifty-eight hours of programming per month, Wednesday through Sunday of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7835891",
"chunk_text": "\"Television show\"\ntelevision shows were experimental, sporadic broadcasts viewable only within a very short range from the broadcast tower starting in the 1930s. Televised events such as the 1936 Summer Olympics in Germany, the 1937 coronation of King George VI in the UK, and David Sarnoff's famous introduction at the 1939 New York World's Fair in the US spurred a growth in the medium, but World War II put a halt to development until after the war. The 1947 World Series inspired many Americans to buy their first television set and then in 1948, the popular radio show \"\"Texaco Star Theater\"\" made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807615",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nexhibit at the RCA pavilion, visitors could see themselves on television. There were also television demonstrations at the General Electric and Westinghouse pavilions. During this formal introduction at the fair, television sets became available for public purchase at various stores in the New York City area. After Albert Einstein gave a speech discussed cosmic rays, the fair's lights were ceremonially lit. Dignitaries received a special Opening Day Program which contained their names written in Braille. One of the first exhibits to receive attention was the Westinghouse Time Capsule, which was not to be opened for 5,000 years (the year 6939).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807613",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nas the first President of the United States. Although many of the pavilions and other facilities were not quite ready for this opening, it was put on with pomp and great celebration. David Sarnoff, then president of RCA and a strong advocate of television, chose to introduce television to the mass public at the RCA pavilion. As a reflection of the wide range of technological innovation on parade at the fair, Franklin D. Roosevelt's speech was not only broadcast over the various radio networks but also was televised along with other parts of the opening ceremony and other events at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "605488",
"chunk_text": "\"American modernism\"\nwere some crucial steps taken in the communication and media devices like the invention of radio and television. Radio was the nation's first mass medium, linking the country and ending the isolation of rural residents. Radio was so important that the 1930 Census asked if the household had a radio. Radio provided free entertainment (after you bought the radio) and connected country people to world events. Walter Winchell and Lowell Thomas were popular news commentators on the radio. The first practical TV sets were demonstrated and sold to the public at the 1939 World's Fair in New York. The sets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18252141",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nWestinghouse also featured \"\"Elektro the Moto-Man\"\": the tall robot that talked, differentiated colors, and even \"\"smoked\"\" cigarettes. On July 3, 1940, the fair hosted \"\"Superman Day\"\". Notable was the crowning of the \"\"Super-Boy and Super-Girl of the Day\"\" following an athletic contest, and a public appearance by Superman, played by an unidentified man. Broadway actor Ray Middleton, who served as a judge for the contest, is often credited with having appeared in the Superman costume on Superman Day, but he did not; however, he may have played Superman during a live radio broadcast from the scene. Although the unknown man",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14208495",
"chunk_text": "\"Mechanical television\"\nin San Francisco by Philo Farnsworth, and then publicly by Farnsworth at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia in 1934, was rapidly overtaking mechanical television. Farnsworth's system was first used for broadcasting in 1936, reaching 400 to more than 600 lines with fast field scan rates, along with competing systems by Philco and DuMont Laboratories. In 1939, RCA paid Farnsworth $1 million for his patents after ten years of litigation, and RCA began demonstrating all-electronic television at the 1939 World's Fair in New York City. The last mechanical television broadcasts ended in 1939 at stations run by a handful of public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11504973",
"chunk_text": "RCA\nWorld's Fair. RCA began regular experimental television broadcasting from the NBC studios to the New York metropolitan area on April 30, 1939 via station W2XBS, channel 1 (which evolved into WNBC channel 4) from the new Empire State Building transmitter on top of the structure. Around this time, RCA began selling its first television set models, including the TRK-5 and TRK-9, in various New York stores. However, the FCC had not approved the start of commercial television operations, because technical standards had not been yet been finalized. Concerned that RCA's broadcasts were an attempt to flood the market with sets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807625",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nthem taking in the sights of the fair and the new products being manufactured to make life easier and affordable, such as the new automatic dishwasher. Each day at the fair was a special theme day, for which a special button was issued; for example, May 18, 1939, was \"\"Asbury Park, New Jersey Day\"\". Some of these buttons are very rare and all are considered collectibles. In 1940, the theme of the fair was changed to \"\"For Peace and Freedom\"\" as war in Europe escalated. One poster from that year's fair, issued by Borden's Milk, had Elsie the Cow proclaiming",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17993046",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nGermany in 1934, followed by other makers in France (1936), Britain (1936), and the United States (1938). The cheapest model with a 12-inch (30 cm) screen was $445 (). An estimated 19,000 electronic televisions were manufactured in Britain, and about 1,600 in Germany, before World War II. About 7,000–8,000 electronic sets were made in the U.S. before the War Production Board halted manufacture in April 1942, production resuming in August 1945. Television usage in the western world skyrocketed after World War II with the lifting of the manufacturing freeze, war-related technological advances, the drop in television prices caused by mass",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5201653",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nfour hours daily from 1936 to 1939. There were 12,000 to 15,000 receivers. Some sets in restaurants or bars might have 100 viewers for sport events (Dunlap, p56). The outbreak of the Second World War caused the BBC service to be abruptly suspended on September 1, 1939, at 12:35 pm, after a Mickey Mouse cartoon and test signals were broadcast, so that transmissions could not be used as a beacon to guide enemy aircraft to London. It resumed, again from Alexandra Palace on June 7, 1946 after the end of the war, began with a live programme that opened with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18252144",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nversion of Smell-O-Vision) were introduced at the Fair. Other exhibits included Vermeer's painting \"\"The Milkmaid\"\" from the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, a streamlined pencil sharpener, a diner (still in operation as the White Mana in Jersey City, New Jersey), a futuristic car-based city by General Motors, and early televisions. There was also a huge globe/planetarium located near the center of the fair. Bell Labs' Voder, a keyboard-operated speech synthesizer, was demonstrated at the Fair. The fair was divided into differently themed zones, such as the Transportation Zone, the Communications and Business Systems Zone, the Food Zone, the Government Zone, and so",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13555241",
"chunk_text": "\"Keneth Alden Simons\"\nof the A. Atwater Kent Prize in Electrical Engineering] (see Atwater Kent Museum of Philadelphia) He then became a television field engineer for RCA. On one occasion in 1939 he and another field engineer installed a television set in the honeymoon cottage of movie stars Robert Taylor and Barbara Stanwyck, and Simons showed her how to operate it. Later Simons helped run the at the 1939 World’s Fair. In the summer of 1940 he was sent by RCA to run the public address system and make recordings of speeches on the campaign train of Wendell Willkie, the Republican candidate for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14048549",
"chunk_text": "NBC\nand includes a top of the hour newscast along with other audio content which is heard on over 1000 radio stations. For many years, NBC was closely identified with David Sarnoff, who used it as a vehicle to sell consumer electronics. RCA and Sarnoff had captured the spotlight by introducing all-electronic television to the public at the 1939–40 New York World's Fair, simultaneously initiating a regular schedule of programs on the NBC-RCA television station in New York City. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appeared at the fair before the NBC camera, becoming the first U.S. president to appear on television on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655849",
"chunk_text": "Television\nof the theoretical maximum. They solved this problem by developing, and patenting in 1934, two new camera tubes dubbed super-Emitron and CPS Emitron. The super-Emitron was between ten and fifteen times more sensitive than the original Emitron and iconoscope tubes and, in some cases, this ratio was considerably greater. It was used for outside broadcasting by the BBC, for the first time, on Armistice Day 1937, when the general public could watch on a television set as the King laid a wreath at the Cenotaph. This was the first time that anyone had broadcast a live street scene from cameras",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807626",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\n\"\"makes you proud to be an American\"\". With its vast area and prominent location just south of the Theme Center, the Transportation Zone pavilions attracted widespread attention. Perhaps the most popular of the Transportation Zone pavilions was the one built for General Motors. There, the Futurama exhibit, designed by famed industrial designer and theater set designer Norman Bel Geddes, transported fair visitors over a huge diorama of a fictional section of the United States that was designed with a stunning array of miniature highways, towns, 500,000 individually designed homes, 50,000 miniature vehicles, waterways, and a million miniature trees of diverse",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7487842",
"chunk_text": "WNBC\nNBC with much fanfare. In response, NBC ceased all TV broadcasting for several weeks until RCA sets went on sale and regular NBC telecasts commenced the day the fair opened. As W2XBS broadcasting on \"\"Channel 1\"\" (44-50 MHz), the station scored numerous \"\"firsts\"\", including the first televised Broadway drama (June 1938), live news event covered by mobile unit (a fire in an abandoned building in November 1938), live telecast of a Presidential speech (Franklin D. Roosevelt opening the 1939 New York World's Fair), the first live telecasts of college and Major League Baseball (both in 1939), the first telecast of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807610",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\na vast ash dump in Queens that was to be the site for the exposition. This event turned the area into a City park after the exposition closed. Edward Bernays directed public relations of the fair in 1939, which he called \"\"democracity.\"\" Grover Whalen, a public relations innovator, saw the Fair as an opportunity for corporations to present consumer products, rather than as an exercise in presenting science and the scientific way of thinking in its own right, as Harold Urey, Albert Einstein, and other scientists wished to see the project. \"\"As events transpired,\"\" reported Carl Sagan, whose own interest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "540120",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nlive street scene from cameras installed on the roof of neighbor buildings, because neither Farnsworth nor RCA could do the same before the 1939 New York World's Fair. On the other hand, in 1934, Zworykin shared some patent rights with the German licensee company Telefunken. The \"\"image iconoscope\"\" (\"\"Superikonoskop\"\" in Germany) was produced as a result of the collaboration. This tube is essentially identical to the super-Emitron. The production and commercialization of the super-Emitron and image iconoscope in Europe were not affected by the patent war between Zworykin and Farnsworth, because Dieckmann and Hell had priority in Germany for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19614289",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nand from 5:30 to 7:30 pm on Sundays. In July 1938, a decree defined for three years a standard of 455 lines VHF (whereas three standards were used for the experiments: 441 lines for Gramont, 450 lines for the Compagnie des Compteurs and 455 for Thomson). In 1939, there were about only 200 to 300 individual television sets, some of which were also available in a few public places. With the entry of France into World War II the same year, broadcasts ceased and the transmitter of the Eiffel Tower was sabotaged. On September 3, 1940, French television was seized",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19614327",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nminimum air time for commercial television stations from 15 hours per week to 4 hours. Most TV stations suspended broadcasting; of the ten original television stations only six continued through the war. On the few that remained, programs included entertainment such as boxing and plays, events at Madison Square Garden, and illustrated war news as well as training for air raid wardens and first aid providers. In 1942, there were 5,000 sets in operation, but production of new TVs, radios, and other broadcasting equipment for civilian purposes was suspended from April 1942 to August 1945 (Dunlap). By 1947, when there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20426174",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nwas only about 5% of the theoretical maximum. They solved this problem by developing and patenting in 1934 two new camera tubes dubbed super-Emitron and CPS Emitron. The super-Emitron was between ten and fifteen times more sensitive than the original Emitron and iconoscope tubes and, in some cases, this ratio was considerably greater. It was used for an outside broadcasting by the BBC, for the first time, on Armistice Day 1937, when the general public could watch in a television set how the King lay a wreath at the Cenotaph. This was the first time that anyone could broadcast a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655850",
"chunk_text": "Television\ninstalled on the roof of neighboring buildings, because neither Farnsworth nor RCA would do the same until the 1939 New York World's Fair. On the other hand, in 1934, Zworykin shared some patent rights with the German licensee company Telefunken. The \"\"image iconoscope\"\" (\"\"Superikonoskop\"\" in Germany) was produced as a result of the collaboration. This tube is essentially identical to the super-Emitron. The production and commercialization of the super-Emitron and image iconoscope in Europe were not affected by the patent war between Zworykin and Farnsworth, because Dieckmann and Hell had priority in Germany for the invention of the image dissector,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1628151",
"chunk_text": "\"Einheitsempfänger\"\nEinheitsempfänger In August 1939, Nazi Germany introduced the \"\"Einheits-Fernseh-Empfänger E1\"\" (i.e. \"\"Unitary-TV-receiver E1\"\"), also called \"\"Volksfernseher\"\" (i.e. \"\"People's TV\"\"), a 441-line, 50 interlaced frames per second television system. The TV was presented to the public in the 16th International radio exhibition Berlin. The project started in 1938, associating the Reichspost and several companies, including Bosch, Blaupunkt, Loewe, Lorenz, TeKaDe and Telefunken. The objective was to produce 10,000 units, but the start of World War II caused only about 50 devices to be installed in military hospitals and various government departments. The Berlin transmitter was destroyed by Allied bombing in November",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10226706",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nthat continued to 1939. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) saw television in the continual flux of development with no consistent technical standards, hence all such stations in the U.S. were granted only experimental and non-commercial licenses, hampering television's economic development. Just as importantly, Philo Farnsworth's August 1934 demonstration of an all-electronic system at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia pointed out the direction of television's future. On June 15, 1936, Don Lee Broadcasting began a one-month-long demonstration of high definition (240+ line) television in Los Angeles on W6XAO (later KTSL, now KCBS-TV) with a 300-line image from motion picture film. By",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4333206",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nworld of tomorrow\"\". According to the official pamphlet: Within six months of the Fair's opening, World War II began, a war that lasted six years and resulted in the deaths of 50-85 million people. In 1935, at the height of the Great Depression, a group of New York City businessmen decided to create an international exposition to lift the city and the country out of its economic woes. Not long after, these men formed the New York World's Fair Corporation, whose office was placed on one of the higher floors in the Empire State Building. The NYWFC, which elected former",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655846",
"chunk_text": "Television\nshowed great promise in all fields of electronics. Unfortunately, a problem with the multipactor was that it wore out at an unsatisfactory rate. At the Berlin Radio Show in August 1931, Manfred von Ardenne gave a public demonstration of a television system using a CRT for both transmission and reception. However, Ardenne had not developed a camera tube, using the CRT instead as a flying-spot scanner to scan slides and film. Philo Farnsworth gave the world's first public demonstration of an all-electronic television system, using a live camera, at the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia on 25 August 1934, and for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655851",
"chunk_text": "Television\nhaving submitted a patent application for their \"\"Lichtelektrische Bildzerlegerröhre für Fernseher\"\" (\"\"Photoelectric Image Dissector Tube for Television\"\") in Germany in 1925, two years before Farnsworth did the same in the United States. The image iconoscope (Superikonoskop) became the industrial standard for public broadcasting in Europe from 1936 until 1960, when it was replaced by the vidicon and plumbicon tubes. Indeed, it was the representative of the European tradition in electronic tubes competing against the American tradition represented by the image orthicon. The German company Heimann produced the Superikonoskop for the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, later Heimann also produced and commercialized",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655815",
"chunk_text": "Television\nTelevision Television (TV), sometimes shortened to tele or telly, is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a television set, a television program (\"\"TV show\"\"), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment and news. Television became available in crude experimental forms in the late 1920s, but it would still be several years before the new technology would be marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white TV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13449708",
"chunk_text": "\"Color television\"\nestimated at $100 million) to develop a usable dot-sequential tube. RCA was beaten to the punch by the Geer tube, which used three B&W tubes aimed at different faces of colored pyramids to produce a color image. All-electronic systems included the Chromatron, Penetron and beam-index tube that were being developed by various companies. While investigating all of these, RCA's teams quickly started focusing on the shadow mask system. In July 1938 the shadow mask color television was patented by Werner Flechsig (1900–1981) in Germany, and was demonstrated at the International radio exhibition Berlin in 1939. Most CRT color televisions used",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18252159",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nof the showcase Mayakovskaya station of the Moscow Metro. Designer of the station Alexey Dushkin was awarded Grand Prize of the 1939 New York World's Fair. Continuing outward from the Theme Center, one saw the Food Zone. Among the many unique exhibits was the Borden's exhibit, that featured 150 pedigreed cows (including the original Elsie) on a Rotolactor that allowed bathing them, drying them, and milking them in a highly mechanized way. While no such complete system ever became common in milk production, many of its features came into everyday use in today's rotary milking parlors. Next door was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20426259",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nof July 1, 1941, over New York station WNBT (now WNBC) before a baseball game between the Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies. The announcement for Bulova watches, for which the company paid anywhere from $4.00 to $9.00 (reports vary), displayed a WNBT test pattern modified to look like a clock with the hands showing the time. The Bulova logo, with the phrase \"\"Bulova Watch Time\"\", was shown in the lower right-hand quadrant of the test pattern while the second hand swept around the dial for one minute. After the U.S. entry into World War II, the FCC reduced the required",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807607",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\n1939 New York World's Fair The 1939–40 New York World's Fair, which covered the of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park (also the location of the 1964–1965 New York World's Fair), was the second most expensive American world's fair of all time, exceeded only by St. Louis's Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904. Many countries around the world participated in it, and over 44 million people attended its exhibits in two seasons. It was the first exposition to be based on the future, with an opening slogan of \"\"Dawn of a New Day\"\", and it allowed all visitors to take a look at \"\"the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8494106",
"chunk_text": "WNBC\n(in 1941) to the 525-line standard used for analog television from the start of full commercial service until the end of analog broadcasts in mid-2009. The sound signal also was changed from AM to FM, and the spacing of sound and vision carriers was also changed several times. Shortly after NBC began a semi-regular television transmission schedule in 1938, DuMont Laboratories announced TV sets for sale to the public, a move that RCA was saving for the opening of the World's Fair on April 30, 1939, the day that regularly scheduled television programming was to begin in New York on",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "4333243",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nOctober 27, 1940. To get the fair's budget overruns under control before the 1940 season and to augment gate revenues, the fair management in the second year replaced Whalen with a banker, Harvey Gibson, and placed much greater emphasis on the amusement features and less on the educational and uplifting exhibits. The great fair attracted over 45 million visitors and generated roughly $48 million in revenue. Since the Fair Corporation had invested 67 million dollars (in addition to nearly a hundred million dollars from other sources), it was a financial failure, and the corporation declared bankruptcy. Many of the rides",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14214407",
"chunk_text": "\"Color television\"\nwere being broadcast from the Paul Nipkow TV station in Berlin. In 1936, under the guidance of \"\"Minister of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda\"\" Joseph Goebbels, direct transmissions from fifteen mobile units at the Olympic Games in Berlin were transmitted to selected small television houses () in Berlin and Hamburg. In 1941, the first NTSC meetings produced a single standard for US broadcasts. US television broadcasts began in earnest in the immediate post-war era, and by 1950 there were 6 million televisions in the United States. The basic idea of using three monochrome images to produce a color image had been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11655847",
"chunk_text": "Television\nten days afterwards. Mexican inventor Guillermo González Camarena also played an important role in early TV. His experiments with TV (known as telectroescopía at first) began in 1931 and led to a patent for the \"\"trichromatic field sequential system\"\" color television in 1940. In Britain, the EMI engineering team led by Isaac Shoenberg applied in 1932 for a patent for a new device they dubbed \"\"the Emitron\"\", which formed the heart of the cameras they designed for the BBC. On 2 November 1936, a 405-line broadcasting service employing the Emitron began at studios in Alexandra Palace, and transmitted from a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7467185",
"chunk_text": "\"Television set\"\nelectronic televisions with cathode ray tubes were manufactured by Telefunken in Germany in 1934, followed by other makers in France (1936), Britain (1936), and America (1938). The cheapest model with a 12-inch (30 cm) screen was $445 (). An estimated 19,000 electronic televisions were manufactured in Britain, and about 1,600 in Germany, before World War II. About 7,000–8,000 electronic sets were made in the U.S. before the War Production Board halted manufacture in April 1942, production resuming in August 1945. Television usage in the western world skyrocketed after World War II with the lifting of the manufacturing freeze, war-related technological",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807609",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nchief of police Grover Whalen as president, also included Winthrop Aldrich, Mortimer Buckner, Floyd Carlisle, Ashley T. Cole, John J. Dunnigan, Harvey Dow Gibson, Mayor Fiorello La Guardia, Percy S. Straus, and many other business leaders. Over the next four years, the committee planned, built, and organized the fair and its exhibits, with countries around the world taking part in creating the biggest international event since World War I. Working closely with the Fair's committee was New York City Parks Commissioner Robert Moses, who saw great value to the City in having the World's Fair Corporation (at its expense) remove",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1283687",
"chunk_text": "\"Flushing Meadows Natatorium\"\nas the Corona dumps, Robert Moses headed its transformation into a new park, for the borough of Queens; and the construction of the fair. The theme of the 1939 World’s Fair was: “Building the World of Tomorrow.” The fair was to symbolize the world’s faith in new technology and unity amongst cultures. Through the various showcases from different countries, citizens around the world were given gave a chance to learn about countries that they have only heard of in books and movies. From innovative edible products such as instant coffee, to machines that washed dishes automatically, this fair introduced its",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807630",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nspectacular live drama re-enacting the birth and growth of railroads. It had music by Kurt Weil and choreography by Bill Matons. In addition to the show, there were important historical objects on display by the various railroads and manufacturing companies, such as the \"\"Tom Thumb\"\" engine. The Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) had its S1 engine on display, mounted on rollers under the driver wheels and running continuously at all day long. The British London Midland & Scottish Railway sent their Coronation Scot express train with a locomotive LMS Princess Coronation Class 6229 \"\"Duchess of Hamilton\"\", (disguised as sister locomotive 6220 \"\"Coronation\"\"),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18252163",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\na minute. The cost of admission was 80 cents. The Aquacade facility itself served as an entertainment venue in the park for many years afterward, including the 1964–65 World's Fair, but fell into disrepair in the 1980s and was finally demolished in 1996. The New York World's Fair of 1939 was just the place to promote neighborly relations between the US and Latin America. Placed against the backdrop of a growing Nazi threat, the World's Fair was an attempt to escape from the looming prospect of war and to promote peace and interdependence between nations. With the fair boasting over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12354694",
"chunk_text": "\"Gustav Wikkenhauser\"\nof the most ingenious television manufacturers of the 1930s\"\". A significant patent from the international company was the Projection Television System; several were installed and ran successfully. But none were sold: the dark day of World War Two on the horizon, even the BBC shut down its television experiments. Wikkenhauser's systems projected a high.definition image upon a screen using mirrors fixed on rapidlz rotating drums; the process of their manufacture was hailed as trulz innovative. His wife Aranka grew tired of life in Great Britain after six months, and wanted her husband to give up his work and return to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10226707",
"chunk_text": "\"History of television\"\nOctober, W6XAO was making daily television broadcasts of films. By 1934 RCA increased the definition to 343 interlaced lines and the frame rate to 30 per second. On July 7, 1936 RCA and its subsidiary NBC demonstrated in New York City a 343-line electronic television broadcast with live and film segments to its licensees, and made its first public demonstration to the press on November 6. Irregularly scheduled broadcasts continued through 1937 and 1938. Regularly scheduled electronic broadcasts began in April 1938 in New York (to the second week of June, and resuming in August) and Los Angeles. NBC officially",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18252152",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nto the fair. GM's Electro-Motive Division had a display of their then new streamlined diesel-electric passenger locomotives. The Italian state railways displayed one of their record-setting ETR 200 electric multiple unit cars. Fairgoers walking to the left of the Theme Center on the Avenue of Patriots visited the Communications and Business Systems focal exhibits. At the AT&T Pavilion the Voder, a mechanized, synthetic voice, spoke to attendees, foretelling the widespread use of electronic voices decades later. At the IBM pavilion, electric typewriters and a fantastic machine called the \"\"electric calculator\"\" that used punched cards, were on display. IBM also had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12014283",
"chunk_text": "\"Gerald Cock\"\nBy September 1939 there were estimated to be 25,000 television sets in use – however, that month also saw the BBC Television Service unceremoniously shut down by the government for the duration of the war, following the broadcasting of a Mickey Mouse cartoon on 1 September, two days before hostilities commenced. There were two main reasons for this – the first and principal reason was the fear that German bombers could use the VHF transmission waves of television as a perfect guiding beam for homing into the centre of London. However, there was also a great need for many of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16206041",
"chunk_text": "\"David Sarnoff\"\naffairs. Initially, the Great Depression caused RCA to cut costs, but Zworykin's project was protected. After nine years of Zworykin's hard work, Sarnoff's determination, and legal battles with Farnsworth (in which Farnsworth was proved in the right), they had a commercial system ready to launch. Finally, in April 1939, regularly scheduled, electronic television in America was initiated by RCA under the name of their broadcasting division at the time, The National Broadcasting Company (NBC). The first television broadcast aired was the dedication of the RCA pavilion at the 1939 New York World's Fairgrounds and was introduced by Sarnoff himself. Later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6345307",
"chunk_text": "\"All's Fair at the Fair\"\nAll's Fair at the Fair All's Fair at the Fair is a seven-minute cartoon released in 1938. A Color Classic produced by Max Fleischer, it was distributed by Paramount. The Film Daily called the short a \"\"novelty cartoon\"\" and gave the following review: \"\"A couple of sticks visit the fair grounds where the World's Fair is being held, and find themselves participating in a series of adventures with the ultra-modern mechanism operated by robots. Finally, they reach the dance pavilion, and the wife and husband each are taken in hand by robots and whirled around the floor. Other mechanical gags",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13807623",
"chunk_text": "\"1939 New York World's Fair\"\nand other facilities along the Avenue of Pioneers were in a progression of blues, starting with pale tints and ending in deep ultramarine. At night, with the latest in lighting technology switched on, the effect was felt by many visitors to be a magical experience. Outdoor public lighting was at the time of a very limited and pedestrian nature, perhaps consisting of simple incandescent pole lamps in a city and nothing in the country. Electrification was still relatively new and had not reached everywhere in the US. The fair was the first public demonstration of several lighting technologies that became",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_670
|
when does buffy tell her friends she was in heaven?
|
n/a
|
[
"Something to Sing About"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7717697",
"chunk_text": "\"After Life (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nShe admits to him that although she wasn't initially sure where she was, she knows that she wasn't in Hell. She was in Heaven and was happy, and her friends pulled her out. Spike is shocked as she tells him that this reality is her Hell, having been to live again in real life feeling the loss of Heaven where she felt safe, loved and complete, and she stresses that her friends can never know the truth. After Life (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"After Life\"\" is the third episode of season 6 of the television series \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6874842",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy Summers\"\nher relationship with Riley, the discovery that Spike has become obsessed with her, and her mother's death from a brain aneurysm. While on a quest to learn more about her nature as the Slayer, Buffy is told \"\"death is her gift, a message she has difficulty understanding until the episode \"\"The Gift\"\", in which she sacrifices herself to save Dawn and the world by diving into Glory's interdimensional portal and closing it. Season six (2001–2002) depicts Buffy's struggle with depression after her friends, believing she was trapped in a Hell dimension, performed a spell to bring her back from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19794469",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 6)\"\nBuffy the Vampire Slayer (season 6) The sixth season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on October 2, 2001 with a two-hour premiere on UPN and concluded its 22-episode season with a two-hour finale on May 21, 2002. It maintained its previous timeslot, airing Tuesdays at 8:00 pm ET. This season marked the series' network change from The WB to UPN. At the beginning of season six Willow resurrects Buffy with a powerful spell. Although her friends believe that they have taken her out of Hell, Buffy had actually been in Heaven since her death (a fact",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2000252",
"chunk_text": "\"Surprise (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nSurprise (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Surprise\"\" is episode 13 of season two of the television series \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was written by Marti Noxon and first broadcast on January 19, 1998. \"\"Surprise\"\" is part one of a two part story. Part two, \"\"Innocence\"\", was broadcast the next day. Buffy has a vivid dream (a very undead Drusilla dusts Angel) which she fears is prophetic and realises that Spike and Dru may still be alive. Oz finally asks Willow out on a date. She accepts, but remembers the Scoobies are planning a surprise party for Buffy's 17th birthday and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5800997",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\nbeen dead for 147 days, but Buffy's friends resurrect her through a powerful spell, believing they have rescued her from a Hell dimension. Buffy returns in a deep depression, explaining (several episodes later) that she had been in Heaven and is devastated to be pulled back to Earth. Giles returns to England because he has concluded that Buffy has become too reliant on him, while Buffy takes up a fast-food job to support herself and Dawn, and develops a secret, mutually abusive relationship with Spike. Dawn suffers from kleptomania and feelings of alienation, Xander leaves Anya at the altar (after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6874846",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy Summers\"\nconfesses her love to a disbelieving Spike before he sacrifices himself to save the world; as he dies, Buffy escapes Sunnydale's destruction with the surviving characters. Following the end of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\", the character maintains a presence in the fifth season of \"\"Angel\"\" (2003–2004), but does not appear onscreen. In the episode \"\"The Girl in Question\"\", Angel and a resurrected Spike travel to Rome to find her, where they learn she is apparently now dating the Immortal. Sarah Michelle Gellar was approached to appear as Buffy in \"\"Angel\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s one hundredth episode, but declined, so the character of Cordelia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10845971",
"chunk_text": "\"Parting Gifts\"\ngive the other two ample opportunity to invite him to stay. When Angel finally relents and says, \"\"breakfast?\"\", Wesley accepts with alacrity and the three friends enjoy each other's company for this moment of peace, warmth, and safety. Parting Gifts \"\"Parting Gifts\"\" is episode 10 of season 1 in the television show \"\"Angel\"\". Still reeling from Doyle's death just days ago, Angel and Cordelia encounter an old friend from Sunnydale, Buffy’s former Watcher, Wesley Wyndam-Pryce, now a leather-clad, rogue, demon hunter. Meanwhile, Cordelia discovers that Doyle has passed on his gift of visions from The Powers That Be, which subject",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9804990",
"chunk_text": "\"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nby breaking her neck, and places her body in the bed of her boyfriend, Giles (Anthony Head), for him to discover. Angelus then attempts to destroy the world by awakening the demon Acathla. In the season finale, neophyte witch Willow (Alyson Hannigan) manages to restore Angel's soul at the last moment, but Buffy is forced to kill him to save the world from Acathla, and Angel is sent to hell. In season three (1998–1999), episode three, \"\"Faith, Hope & Trick\"\", Angel is inexplicably returned from hell by an unknown party and is soon found by Buffy. The Scooby Gang are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9804991",
"chunk_text": "\"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\noutraged when they discover that Buffy has been secretly caring for him since his resurrection, but grudgingly accept him after he saves Willow's life in episode seven, \"\"Revelations\"\". In the episode \"\"Amends\"\", the primordial First Evil attempts to manipulate Angel to murder Buffy, but Angel chooses suicide instead by waiting for the sun to rise on Christmas morning. California's heatwave is suddenly interrupted by a freak snowstorm hiding the sun, sparing Angel's life, which he takes as a sign from above that he was brought back for a reason. Buffy and Angel initially attempt to be friends but eventually resume",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15945840",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\ndragon\"\" to which Buffy responds that she \"\"didn't see any dragon.\"\" Giles frankly says \"\"Buffy, you need to take your role in this more seriously.\"\" Buffy, in a fit of rage, explains that she is only trying to have some fun and that someday there will be eighteen hundred slayers and everyone is going to call her \"\"ma'am\"\" and storms off to the party, leaving Giles speechless. That night in Buffy's home. Buffy puts on the cross Angel gave her and stops to look at it. Joyce comes in to warn Buffy that she doesn't think the party Buffy is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11547395",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\nperson's past. And just by telling them, you'll change their future into who knows what.\"\" Buffy says goodbye, and continues on her way to the party. Standing in front of the house, Buffy realizes Angel said \"\"five\"\" disciples when she only took on three and storms off, hoping to make it back in time for the party. Buffy finds the disciples who conjure up a dragon. Buffy leads it outside, it throws her into the air to which Buffy exclaims that she can see her house from that high. Cordelia, below the dragon and Buffy, trash talks how Buffy didn't",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "171030",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn Summers\"\ntheir relationship. Buffy compares their behavior to that of her parents prior to their divorce. It is revealed that when Dawn was brought back she was reset emotionally. While she still remembers her relationship with Xander she does not feel love for him anymore and recently re-experienced her grief for her mother's death, among other traumas. The arrival of Dawn Summers is foreshadowed in cryptic dream sequences in both the Season Three finale \"\"Graduation Day, Part Two\"\" and the Season Four episode \"\"This Year's Girl\"\", in which a still-comatose Faith says, while making a bed with Buffy in her bedroom,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5804444",
"chunk_text": "\"Lies My Parents Told Me\"\nLies My Parents Told Me \"\"Lies My Parents Told Me\"\" is the 17th episode in the seventh and final season of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was originally intended to air on March 18, 2003, a day before the \"\"Angel\"\" episode \"\"Orpheus\"\", but was postponed due to the start of the Iraq War. The gang investigates Spike's trigger; Principal Wood and Giles team up without Buffy. New York, 1977: Spike is fighting Nikki Wood, a Slayer whom he kills, seen in the fifth season episode \"\"Fool for Love\"\", in a park at night in pouring rain while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15559011",
"chunk_text": "\"Lie to Me (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nLie to Me (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Lie to Me\"\" is the seventh episode of the second season of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It originally aired on November 3, 1997. In a school hallway, a young man sneaks up behind Buffy and surprises her. Buffy introduces him to Willow and Xander as her friend Ford (Billy Fordham), with whom she attended school in Los Angeles. He explains that he is finishing his senior year at Sunnydale High. At the Bronze, Ford entertains Willow and Xander with embarrassing stories about Buffy. Buffy introduces Angel to Ford, whom Angel obviously doesn't trust.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16354996",
"chunk_text": "\"Tara Maclay\"\nand a maternal figure. She appears to Buffy in a dream in the fourth season finale \"\"Restless\"\" to tell her about the arrival of Buffy's sister Dawn (Michelle Trachtenberg) and act as a translator for the voiceless First Slayer. Following the death of Joyce Summers and Buffy's sacrifice to save the world at the end of the fifth season, Tara and Willow move into the Summers house, taking Joyce's bedroom and becoming Dawn's surrogate parents. Tara becomes more outspoken during the sixth season about the ethics of Willow's use of magic, cautioning Willow that she depends too much on it.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11547394",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\ngoing to is going to be safe. Buffy reassures her that everything is going to be okay and hugs her mother. Joyce tells Buffy that she can always come home to which Buffy looks at her mother and says \"\"right\"\" with her thoughts saying \"\"sigh.\"\" On the way to the party, Buffy runs into Angel. Angel is impressed that Buffy went up against the five disciples of Morgala. Buffy ignores his comments, touching the side of his face and says \"\"If you knew something about someone's past and...future...would you tell them?\"\" Angel responds with \"\"Probably not. You can't change a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12725691",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\nat risk over what happens tonight.\"\" Buffy thinks to herself that she remembers this is \"\"where [her] life gets in the way of [her] living it.\"\" Giles explaining that the disciples of Morgala worship something called Morgala. Buffy brushes off Giles' warning, casual spinning her stake, and says she'll find these disciples. On a two-page spread, Buffy is fighting three disciples of Morgala and slays all of them, with unnecessary commentary by Xander. They return to Giles in the graveyard, planning what they'll do for the party tonight. Giles says the disciples of Morgala were worshiping \"\"the image of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11675982",
"chunk_text": "\"Xander Harris\"\nher, reunites with him in defiance of her former friends, in \"\"Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered\"\". The episode \"\"Go Fish\"\" focuses on Xander, after he joins the swim team to investigate the disappearances of Sunnydale High swimmers. In the season finale \"\"Becoming, Part Two\"\", Xander decides not to tell Buffy about Willow's plan to re-ensoul Angel—who has lost his soul and is going to bring about the apocalypse— so that she will not hesitate to kill him in order to save the world. Season three (1998-9) begins with Xander and his friends slaying demons since Buffy ran away to Los Angeles.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2141345",
"chunk_text": "\"Forever (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\non the forces of darkness to resurrect them.\"\" The magical-resurrection plot thread of this story bears a strong resemblance to the 1902 short story \"\"The Monkey's Paw\"\" by W. W. Jacobs. Forever (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Forever\"\" is the 17th episode of season 5 of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". The Scooby Gang attends Joyce's funeral, and Angel visits to pay his respects. The day after the funeral, Dawn attempts to bring her mother back to life. Also, Glory learns that the Key is in human form. Buffy selects a coffin for her mother with Giles and Dawn.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12284334",
"chunk_text": "\"Out of My Mind (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nOut of My Mind (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Out of My Mind\"\" is the fourth episode of season 5 of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". At the cemetery, Buffy stalks her vampire prey, killing several new vampires with a little unwanted help from both Riley and Spike. Riley demonstrates quite a bit of enthusiasm and new strength while fighting, while Buffy simply orders Spike to stay out of her way. As Buffy and Riley leave, Spike swears to taste Buffy's blood, but as he walks off, he falls into an open grave. Buffy and Willow debate over a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3158816",
"chunk_text": "\"Lie to Me (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nI had no idea what it was about. Lie to Me (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Lie to Me\"\" is the seventh episode of the second season of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It originally aired on November 3, 1997. In a school hallway, a young man sneaks up behind Buffy and surprises her. Buffy introduces him to Willow and Xander as her friend Ford (Billy Fordham), with whom she attended school in Los Angeles. He explains that he is finishing his senior year at Sunnydale High. At the Bronze, Ford entertains Willow and Xander with embarrassing stories about Buffy. Buffy introduces",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6446210",
"chunk_text": "\"Help (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nHelp (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Help\"\" is the fourth episode of the seventh and final season of the television series \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". Once the lights are turned out at a funeral home, Buffy, Xander and Dawn climb out of caskets. They chat about Buffy's nervousness about her new job and the struggle she may face while trying to balance her Slayer job with her duties as a school counselor. In one of the caskets, the three find a deceased woman that they suspect of being a vampire, and rightfully so, as the woman comes to life and is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1264127",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy Summers\"\nBuffy loses her virginity to Angel, an event which triggers the loss of his soul and unleashes his sadistic alter-ego, Angelus. Angelus proceeds to subject the characters to mental and physical torture for the remainder of the season. In the final episode of season two, Buffy is forced to reveal her identity as the Slayer to her mother (Kristine Sutherland), and send the newly good Angel to hell in order to save the world. She then leaves Sunnydale for Los Angeles in the hopes of escaping her life as the Slayer. Season three (1998–1999) sees Buffy reconnect to her calling,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18075475",
"chunk_text": "\"Spike (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nre-invitation to her house. Spike displays unabashed grief after Buffy dies in the showdown with Glory, Spike honors her memory by remaining loyal to the Scoobies, fighting at their side and serving the role of baby-sitter / older brother / protector to Dawn, helping Willow and Tara to raise her in Buffy's absence. After Buffy is resurrected at the beginning of Season Six, she is despondent and detached from her friends. During this time, her relationship to Spike deepens and she is able to talk to him about things she feels she cannot share with the Scooby Gang. She gets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1214048",
"chunk_text": "\"Cordelia Chase\"\ncontinuation of the television series plotted by Joss Whedon and written by Brian Lynch, features the characters of \"\"Angel\"\" and all of Los Angeles condemned to Hell after the events of the series finale \"\"Not Fade Away\"\". Cordelia does not appear until the twelfth issue, in which she acts as a guide to Angel in his dying moments; it is revealed she serves in some capacity as a higher power now. The character departs in issue thirteen. Cordelia also appears in a dream sequence within the twentieth issue of \"\"Buffy\"\"s canonical continuation, \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight\"\", titled \"\"After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3862332",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 3)\"\nBuffy the Vampire Slayer (season 3) The third season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on September 29, 1998 on The WB and concluded its 22-episode season on July 13, 1999. It maintained its previous timeslot, airing Tuesdays at 8:00 pm ET. Two episodes, \"\"Earshot\"\" and \"\"Graduation Day, Part Two\"\", were delayed in the wake of the Columbine High School massacre because of their content. After attempting to start a new life in Los Angeles, Buffy Summers (Sarah Michelle Gellar) returns to Sunnydale in season three, and is reunited with her friends and her mother. She is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15406364",
"chunk_text": "\"Harmony Kendall\"\nbecome an obsession (cf. \"\"Crush\"\"). Having departed Sunnydale, Harmony is next seen in the \"\"Buffy\"\" spin-off \"\"Angel\"\", in the episode \"\"Disharmony.\"\" She visits her old friend Cordelia in Los Angeles, not telling Cordelia she has become a vampire. Harmony tries to connect with Cordelia, but has difficulty controlling her demon side. She enters Cordelia's bedroom at night, driven by bloodlust, but apologizes for her actions and intentions when Cordelia wakes up. Cordelia misunderstands her explanation, believing her to be a lesbian until the matter is cleared up by Willow in a phone call. Despite this, Cordelia insists on giving Harmony",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17286417",
"chunk_text": "\"Forever (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nForever (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Forever\"\" is the 17th episode of season 5 of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". The Scooby Gang attends Joyce's funeral, and Angel visits to pay his respects. The day after the funeral, Dawn attempts to bring her mother back to life. Also, Glory learns that the Key is in human form. Buffy selects a coffin for her mother with Giles and Dawn. Dawn expresses her concern that their mother would not have appreciated Buffy's choice. Later, the gang gathers for dinner at the Summers residence and discusses plans for the funeral, excluding Dawn",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9804996",
"chunk_text": "\"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nEventually losing faith in his mission, Angel has sex with Darla in the hopes of losing his soul. Instead, he experiences an epiphany and realizes that the good fight is still worth fighting. A disgusted Darla flees L.A. and Angel reconciles with his friends, who eventually forgive him. Angel also appears in \"\"Buffy\"\" season five's \"\"Forever\"\", comforting Buffy after her mother's death. Season three (2001–2002) sees Angel struggle with fatherhood when Darla returns pregnant with his child, despite the fact that vampires supposedly are unable to conceive. When Darla kills herself to give birth, Angel is left to raise the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3862403",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 5)\"\nit back, severely weakening Glory. After overpowering Glory, Buffy tells her to leave Sunnydale or die. When Glory reverts to Ben, Giles kills Ben to prevent her return. Dawn wants to sacrifice herself to save the world, but Buffy realizes that because she is related to Dawn, her blood can also close the portal. She realizes the meaning of the First Slayer's message—\"\"Death is your gift\"\"—and sacrifices her own life to save Dawn's and close the portal. Buffy's friends mourn her death and praise her with the inscription \"\"She saved the world a lot\"\". Series creator Joss Whedon served as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14097612",
"chunk_text": "\"The Wish (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nThe Wish (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"The Wish\"\" is the ninth episode of season three of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was written by Marti Noxon, directed by David Greenwalt, and first broadcast on December 8, 1998. Cordelia returns to school only to be rejected by Harmony and her former clique, who taunt her as \"\"Xander's castoff\"\". She goes to The Bronze where Buffy accidentally humiliates her further by knocking her into a pile of trash in front of her friends. Cordelia decides that Buffy is to blame for her predicament. The next day, new girl Anya gives Cordelia an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11547389",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\nXander's bed), Buffy falls asleep while Xander screams for her to get out. Buffy awakes (in an animated style) to her mother's voice telling her she's going to be late for school. Buffy is shocked to hear Joyce and hides her face in her pillow muttering \"\"Dream, dream, go away. Come again another... never.\"\" Joyce enters her room with a younger Dawn as Buffy jumps from her bed and wraps her arms around Joyce. After moving to hugging Dawn and exclaiming that she isn't a centaur anymore, Joyce goes to leave the room. Buffy stops her and says, \"\"I \"\"really\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5800996",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\nthe season after realizing that Buffy does not love him and joins a military demon-hunting operation. Spike, still implanted with the Initiative chip, realizes he is in love with Buffy and increasingly helps the Scoobies in their fight. Buffy's mother Joyce dies of a brain aneurysm, while at the end of the season, Xander proposes to Anya. Glory finally discovers that Dawn is the key and kidnaps her. To save Dawn, Buffy sacrifices her own life by diving into the portal to the Hell dimension and thus closes it with her death. At the beginning of season six, Buffy has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7219816",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood Ties (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nBlood Ties (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Blood Ties\"\" is episode 13 of season 5 of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". The gang discusses plans for Buffy's birthday and dealing with Glory. Giles reveals that Glory is the god of a demon dimension and in order to stay in human form, she needs to suck energy from humans, leaving them insane. The gang starts asking questions about the Key, and Buffy and Giles finally decide to tell them the truth about Dawn. Several of the Knights of Byzantium chant around a fire before they are interrupted by Jinx. Glory",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1264125",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy Summers\"\nreturned in Joss Whedon's television series \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\", this time played by Sarah Michelle Gellar for all of the show's 144 episodes. In season one (1997), Buffy begins to accept the responsibilities and dangers of her calling as the Slayer after moving to the small California town of Sunnydale. She becomes best friends with Xander Harris (Nicholas Brendon) and Willow Rosenberg (Alyson Hannigan), and meets her new Watcher, Rupert Giles (Anthony Stewart Head). Together, they form the Scooby Gang, and work together to battle various supernatural occurrences which plague Sunnydale High. In the season finale, Buffy battles the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7717802",
"chunk_text": "\"Normal Again\"\nBuffy, inspired by her mother's mis-chosen words, takes her advice to \"\"believe in\"\" herself literally, thanking her mother and saying goodbye to her as she chooses a life of suffering in the nightmarish Sunnydale reality over the much less arduous world represented by the mental hospital. Buffy wakes up in Sunnydale to save her friends. She kills the demon and then reconciles with her friends, urging them to quickly make her that antidote while she stays on guard against relapsing again. Back at the hospital, Buffy is still sitting in her corner of the room, now completely unresponsive as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15552313",
"chunk_text": "\"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer episode)\"\ngunfire, Giles, Willow and Xander rush in and distract Darla. Looming up from behind, Angel stakes Darla through the heart. In their Hellmouth lair, Collin consoles the Master for his loss of Darla at Angel's hands. Spying Angel across the crowded room at the Bronze, Buffy goes to thank him — and to tell him goodbye. Their banter trails to silence and they deeply kiss one last time. Buffy doesn't notice that the cross she's wearing — the one Angel gave her weeks ago at their first meeting — was scorching his chest. During the production of this episode, it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3916242",
"chunk_text": "\"Gingerbread (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nGingerbread (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Gingerbread\"\" is episode eleven of season three of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was written by Thania St. John and Jane Espenson, directed by James Whitmore, Jr., and first broadcast on January 12, 1999. While waiting in the park for Buffy, her mother Joyce discovers the bodies of two dead children. At school the next day, Buffy shows Giles a symbol which was visible on the hands of the two children. He tells her that demons do not use symbols, and that it is no doubt occult-related. This angers Buffy, as Slayers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15945844",
"chunk_text": "\"After These Messages... We'll Be Right Back!\"\nin high school. She thought it would have been fun to go back to when times were more simple. But it turns out they were just the same as they are now, only in a different way. In the final panel, Buffy is looking at the reader. The Scoobies (animated style) is behind her, faded slightly. Her voice over says \"\"Maybe Angel was right. You can't change a person's past. And just by telling them, you'll change their future into who knows what. But for one brief shiny-shiny, it was great to go home again.\"\" This issue was written by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4230482",
"chunk_text": "\"Innocence (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nInnocence (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Innocence\"\" is episode 14 of season two of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was written and directed by Joss Whedon and first broadcast on January 20, 1998. It is part two of a two-part story. Part one, \"\"Surprise\"\". was broadcast the day before. \"\"Innocence\"\" is one of the most critically acclaimed and highest rated episodes in the series, attracting 8.2 million viewers as the series moved from its Monday timeslot to Tuesday. After making love with Buffy, Angel is racked with pain as his soul is ripped from him. In the street, he kills a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1300627",
"chunk_text": "\"Innocence (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nInnocence (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Innocence\"\" is episode 14 of season two of \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". It was written and directed by Joss Whedon and first broadcast on January 20, 1998. It is part two of a two-part story. Part one, \"\"Surprise\"\". was broadcast the day before. \"\"Innocence\"\" is one of the most critically acclaimed and highest rated episodes in the series, attracting 8.2 million viewers as the series moved from its Monday timeslot to Tuesday. After making love with Buffy, Angel is racked with pain as his soul is ripped from him. In the street, he kills a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20819022",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 7)\"\nthe final year in which both shows were on television together. In \"\"Lies My Parents Told Me\"\", Willow (Alyson Hannigan) receives a call from Fred. She leaves immediately and goes to L.A. without telling why. Willow appears in the \"\"Angel\"\" episode \"\"Orpheus\"\" to re-ensoul Angel (David Boreanaz) as she previously did before in \"\"Becoming\"\". After successfully re-ensouling Angel, she brings Faith (Eliza Dushku) back with her to Sunnydale to help in the fight against The First Evil. In the \"\"Angel\"\" season four finale, \"\"Home\"\", Angel receives an amulet from Wolfram & Hart which is important to the final battle in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7219823",
"chunk_text": "\"Blood Ties (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nrest of the gang, Buffy gets in a few good hits and takes a few as well before Willow and Tara perform a spell to teleport Glory somewhere else. Glory ends up high in the sky and falls straight to earth. Buffy shows Dawn that no matter what, they are sisters that are bound by blood. Blood Ties (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) \"\"Blood Ties\"\" is episode 13 of season 5 of the television show \"\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\"\". The gang discusses plans for Buffy's birthday and dealing with Glory. Giles reveals that Glory is the god of a demon dimension",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17089581",
"chunk_text": "\"Spike (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nhe had begun to go soft; he resolves to win her back by torturing her until she likes him again, and tells Buffy where to find Willow and Xander. He also tells Buffy and Angel that they can never be friends because of their love for one another. This insight foreshadows Spike's later role as the \"\"truth-seer\"\" of the group. Spike returns to Sunnydale alone in Season Four, in the episode \"\"The Harsh Light of Day\"\", briefly living with Harmony Kendall, a shallow former classmate of Buffy, now a vampire. He is in Sunnydale to look for the Gem of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6446276",
"chunk_text": "\"Conversations with Dead People\"\nIn the library, Willow is visited by the ghost of Cassie, a girl Buffy once helped, who claims to have been sent by the dead Tara. The ghost relays Tara's message that Willow will end up killing everyone if she ever uses magic again, and recommends suicide as a solution. This tips Willow off that she has not been talking to Cassie, and she demands to know who the being really is. The being reveals itself as The First and threatens Willow and all her friends before vanishing. Conversations with Dead People \"\"Conversations with Dead People\"\" is the seventh episode",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19603941",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 3)\"\ngalleries. Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 3) The third season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on September 29, 1998 on The WB and concluded its 22-episode season on July 13, 1999. It maintained its previous timeslot, airing Tuesdays at 8:00 pm ET. Two episodes, \"\"Earshot\"\" and \"\"Graduation Day, Part Two\"\", were delayed in the wake of the Columbine High School massacre because of their content. After attempting to start a new life in Los Angeles, Buffy Summers (Sarah Michelle Gellar) returns to Sunnydale in season three, and is reunited with her friends and her mother. She",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2578934",
"chunk_text": "\"Restless (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nto past and future episodes. In a dream sequence in the season three finale, Faith says \"\"Little Miss Muffet counting down from 7-3-0\"\"; foreshadowing Dawn's arrival two years later in season five. This number appears (as 7:30) on a clock in Buffy's dream in \"\"Restless\"\". Buffy says, \"\"It's so late.\"\" Tara replies, \"\"Oh... that clock's completely wrong.\"\" A year has now passed, making the previous number of days to her arrival incorrect. When Buffy leaves the room, Tara tells her, \"\"Be back before Dawn.\"\" The character Dawn appears in the next episode. Tara's words to Buffy, \"\"You think you know",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1264130",
"chunk_text": "\"Buffy Summers\"\na spell which invokes the power of the First Slayer. During \"\"Buffy\"\" season four, Buffy also appears in the first season of spin-off series \"\"Angel\"\" (1999–2000), guest starring in the episodes \"\"I Will Remember You\"\" and \"\"Sanctuary\"\". In season five (2000–2001), Buffy battles the hell-goddess Glory (Clare Kramer), and fully embraces her destiny for the first time. A younger sister named Dawn (Michelle Trachtenberg) mysteriously appears in Buffy's household, her existence having been seamlessly integrated with memories of the other characters. Buffy suffers emotional turmoil throughout this season, including the realization Dawn is not actually her sister, the deterioration of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12724347",
"chunk_text": "\"Drusilla (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)\"\nuncertain whether this is an elaborate hallucination, time travel to her personal past or an alternate universe where she was never turned by Angelus. It is strongly implied, however, that the story actually takes place before Drusilla is sired, and the parts of it set in the modern day are actually a premonition in the human, 19th-century Drusilla's mind. She later reappears in the \"\"Spike\"\" mini-series (2010–11) by IDW, where she encounters Spike in Las Vegas, having allied herself with a human who believes Spike stole his soul. Spike has Buffy's friend Willow magically transfer his soul to Drusilla to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7957961",
"chunk_text": "\"Orpheus (Angel)\"\ngoing to be fun for him.\"\" Willow and (evil) Cordelia's conversation about what they've been up to since they last communicated, is similar to a conversation Buffy Summers and Amy Madison have in the 6th season of Buffy. Willow: \"\"(sits on the bed beside Cordy)\"\" How've you been?<br> Cordelia: Higher power. You?<br> Willow: Ultimate evil. But I got better. Buffy: Hi.\"\" (awkwardly)\"\" How've you been?<br> Amy: Rat. You?<br> Buffy: Dead.<br> Amy: Oh. The Faith trilogy (beginning with \"\"Salvage\"\" and ending with this episode) was generally well received. UGO Networks called this arc \"\"truly the high point of the entire season,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_671
|
the recipient of first jnanpith award was an author which language?
|
n/a
|
[
"Malayalam"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20114246",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nUrdu (four each), Telugu (three), Assamese, Punjabi, and Tamil (two each), English, Kashmiri, Konkani, and Sanskrit (one each). The award has been conferred upon fifty-eight writers including seven women authors. In 1976, Bengali novelist Ashapoorna Devi became the first woman to win the award and was honoured for the 1965 novel \"\"Pratham Pratisruti\"\" (\"\"The First Promise\"\"), the first in a trilogy. The most recent recipient of the award is English fiction writer Amitav Ghosh who was awarded for the year 2018. The Bharatiya Jnanpith, a research and cultural institute founded in 1944 by industrialist Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17520616",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nEnglish. The recipient for a particular year is announced by the Selection Board, which has final authority in selection. Jnanpith Award The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their \"\"outstanding contribution towards literature\"\". Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India and English, with no posthumous conferral. From 1965 till 1981, the award was given to the authors for their \"\"most outstanding work\"\" and consisted of a citation plaque, a cash prize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1539087",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nJnanpith Award The Jnanpith Award is an Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their \"\"outstanding contribution towards literature\"\". Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India and English, with no posthumous conferral. From 1965 till 1981, the award was given to the authors for their \"\"most outstanding work\"\" and consisted of a citation plaque, a cash prize of , and a bronze replica of Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge and wisdom. The first recipient of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17520613",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nThe first Selection Board consisted of Kalelkar, Niharranjan Ray, Karan Singh, R. R. Diwakar, V. Raghavan, B. Gopal Reddy, Harekrushna Mahatab, Rama Jain, and Lakshmi Chandra Jain and was headed by Sampurnanand. Works that were published between 1921 and 1951 were considered for the first award. The nine language committees that were formed were to submit to the board nominations along with translations of the work into Hindi or English. The final round had four authors; Kazi Nazrul Islam (Bengali), D. V. Gundappa (Kannada), Viswanatha Satyanarayana (Telugu), and G. Sankara Kurup (Malayalam). On 19 November 1966, Kurup was presented with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11140201",
"chunk_text": "\"Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar\"\nVishnu Sakharam Khandekar Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar (11 January 1898 – 2 September 1976) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. He was the first Marathi author to win the prestigious Jnanpith Award. Khandekar was born in Sangli, Maharashtra. His father was a \"\"munsif\"\" in Sangli principality. In his early life, he was interested in acting in movies and staged various dramas in his school days. In 1920, Khandekar started working as a school teacher in a small town, \"\"Shirode\"\", in the present-day Sindhudurg district of the Konkan region in Maharashtra. He worked in that school until 1938. While working as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20114245",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nthe award was the Malayalam writer G. Sankara Kurup who received the award in 1965 for his collection of poems, Odakkuzhal (\"\"The Bamboo Flute\"\"), published in 1950. The rules were revised in subsequent years to consider only works published during the preceding twenty years, excluding the year for which the award was to be given and the cash prize was increased to from 1981. , the cash prize has been revised to and out of twenty-three eligible languages the award has been presented for works in sixteen languages: Hindi (eleven), Kannada (eight), Bengali (six), Malayalam (five), Gujarati, Marathi, Odia, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11140204",
"chunk_text": "\"Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar\"\nthe dialogue and screenplay for the Marathi movie \"\"Lagna Pahāwe Karoon\"\" (1940). Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar (11 January 1898 – 2 September 1976) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India. He was the first Marathi author to win the prestigious Jnanpith Award. Khandekar was born in Sangli, Maharashtra. His father was a \"\"munsif\"\" in Sangli principality. In his early life, he was interested in acting in movies and staged various dramas in his school days. In 1920, Khandekar started working as a school teacher in a small town, \"\"Shirode\"\", in the present-day Sindhudurg district of the Konkan region",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17520614",
"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nthe citation, statue of Saraswati, and a cheque for prize of at a ceremony held at Vigyan Bhavan, Delhi. In his acceptance speech, Kurup appreciated the concept of the new award and thanked it for bringing \"\"integration of the diverse people of this land on a spiritual plane\"\". The nominations for the award are received from various literary experts, teachers, critics, universities, and numerous literary and language associations. Every three years, an advisory committee is constituted for each of the languages. The language of the most recent recipient's work is not eligible for consideration for the next two years. Each",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Moortidevi Award\"\nwriter Pratibha Ray became the first woman to win the award and was honoured for the 1985 novel \"\"Yajnasani\"\". Ray and Nirmal Verma have won both the Moortidevi as well as the Jnanpith Award. As of 2017, Bengali poet Joy Goswami is the most recent recipient of the award. The Bharatiya Jnanpith, a research and cultural institute founded in 1944 by industrialist Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the Sahu Jain family, conceived an idea in May 1961 to start a scheme \"\"commanding national prestige and of international standard\"\" to \"\"select the best book out of the publications in Indian languages\"\".",
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"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nSahu Jain family, conceived an idea in May 1961 to start a scheme \"\"commanding national prestige and of international standard\"\" to \"\"select the best book out of the publications in Indian languages\"\". Later in November, Rama Jain, the Founder President of the Bharatiya Jnanpith, invited a few literary experts to discuss various aspects of the scheme. Jain along with Kaka Kalelkar, Harivansh Rai Bachchan, Ramdhari Singh Dinkar, Jainendra Kumar, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Prabhakar Machwe, Akshaya Kumar Jain, and Lakshmi Chandra Jain presented the initial draft to the then President of India Rajendra Prasad who had shown interest in the scheme's",
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"chunk_text": "\"Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya\"\nselfless promotion of such genuine such writers made his a part of legend and folklore during his lifetime. Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya (14 October 1924 – 6 August 1997) was an Indian writer of assamese origin. He was one of the pioneers of modern Assamese literature. He was the first ever Assamese writer to receive the Jnanpith Award, which was awarded to him in the year 1979 for his novel \"\"Mrityunjay\"\" (Immortal), followed by Indira Goswami in 2001. He was also a recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese in 1961 for his Assamese novel \"\"Iyaruingam\"\", which is",
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"chunk_text": "\"Amitav Ghosh\"\nAmitav Ghosh Amitav Ghosh (born 11 July 1956) is an Indian writer and the winner of the 54th Jnanpith award, best known for his work in English fiction. Amitav Ghosh was born in Calcutta on 11 July 1956 to a Bengali Hindu family. His contemporaries at The Doon School included author Vikram Seth and Ram Guha. After Doon, he received degrees from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and Delhi School of Economics. He then won the Inlaks Foundation scholarship to complete a D. Phil. in social anthropology at St Edmund Hall, Oxford, under the supervision of Peter Lienhardt. His first",
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"chunk_text": "\"Amitav Ghosh\"\nsection, citing his objections to the term \"\"commonwealth\"\" and the unfairness of the English language requirement specified in the rules. Ghosh received the lifetime achievement award at Tata Literature Live, the Mumbai LitFest on November 20, 2016. He was conferred the 54th Jnanpith award in December 2018 and is the first Indian writer in English to have been chosen for this honour. Novels Non-Fiction Amitav Ghosh Amitav Ghosh (born 11 July 1956) is an Indian writer and the winner of the 54th Jnanpith award, best known for his work in English fiction. Amitav Ghosh was born in Calcutta on 11",
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"chunk_text": "Kuvempu\nKuvempu Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa (29 December 1904 – 11 November 1994), popularly known by his pen name Kuvempu, was an Indian novelist, poet, playwright, critic and thinker. He is widely regarded as the greatest Kannada poet of the 20th century. He is the first among Kannada writers to be by decorated with the Jnanpith Award. Kuvempu studied at Mysuru University in the 1920s, taught there for nearly three decades and served as its vice-chancellor from 1956 to 1960. He initiated education in Kannada as the language medium. For his contributions to Kannada Literature, the Government of Karnataka decorated him with",
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"chunk_text": "\"Indian literature\"\nPāli Canon. In the medieval period, literature in Kannada and Telugu appeared in the 9th and 11th centuries respectively. Later, literature in Marathi, Odia and Bengali appeared. Thereafter literature in various dialects of Hindi, Persian and Urdu began to appear as well. Early in the 20th century, Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore became India's first Nobel laureate. In contemporary Indian literature, there are two major literary awards; these are the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship and the Jnanpith Award. Eight Jnanpith Awards each have been awarded in Hindi and Kannada, followed by five in Bengali and Malayalam, four in Odia, four in Gujarati,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya\"\nBirendra Kumar Bhattacharya Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya (14 October 1924 – 6 August 1997) was an Indian writer of assamese origin. He was one of the pioneers of modern Assamese literature. He was the first ever Assamese writer to receive the Jnanpith Award, which was awarded to him in the year 1979 for his novel \"\"Mrityunjay\"\" (Immortal), followed by Indira Goswami in 2001. He was also a recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese in 1961 for his Assamese novel \"\"Iyaruingam\"\", which is considered a masterpiece of Indian literature. In 2005, a translation of the work published by Katha Books with",
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"chunk_text": "\"G. Sankara Kurup\"\nG. Sankara Kurup G. Sankara Kurup, (3 June 1901, Nayathode, Kingdom of Cochin (now in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India) – 2 February 1978, Vappalassery, Angamaly, Ernakulam district, Kerala), better known as Mahakavi G (The Great Poet G), was the first winner of the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award. He won the prize in 1965 for his collection of poems in Malayalam \"\"Odakkuzhal\"\" (The Bamboo Flute, 1950). With part of the prize money he established the literary award Odakkuzhal in 1968. He was also the recipient of the Soviet Land Nehru Award, in 1967, and the Padma Bhushan in 1968.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\nimplementation. The idea was also discussed at the 1962 annual sessions of the All India Gujarati Sahitya Parishad and the Bharatiya Bhasha Parishad. On 2 April 1962, around 300 writers of various Indian languages were invited to Delhi for the two sessions conducted by Dharamvir Bharati in which the draft was finalised and later presented to Prasad. The first award selection committee meeting was scheduled on 16 March 1963 and Prasad was appointed as its president. However, Prasad died on 28 February 1963 and thus the scheduled meeting was chaired by Kalelkar and Sampurnanand acted as president of the committee.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Bharatiya Jnanpith\"\n2nd-century AD work, Satkhandagama, in Prakrit on the Jain doctrine of karma. It has published two series of texts: It annually publishes hundreds of books in Hindi (both original and translated works) and other languages, and also presents India's highest literary awards, the Jnanpith Awards and the Moortidevi Award. Bharatiya Jnanpith Bharatiya Jnanpith a literary and research organization, based in New Delhi, India, was founded on February 18, 1944 by Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the Sahu Jain family and his wife Rama Jain to undertake systematic research and publication of Sanskrit, Prakrit, Pali and Apabhramsha texts and covering subjects",
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"chunk_text": "Nagarjun\nBengali language and used to write for Bengali newspapers. He was close to the Bengali Hungry generation or \"\"Bhookhi Peerhi\"\" poets and helped Kanchan Kumari in translating Malay Roy Choudhury's long poem \"\"JAKHAM\"\" and Chana Jor Garam in Hindi Nagarjun was given the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1969 for his historic book \"\"Patarheen Nagna Gachh\"\", and the 'Bharat Bharati Award' by the Uttar Pradesh government for his literary contributions in 1983. He was also honoured by the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, India's highest literary award for lifetime achievement, in 1994. Nagarjun Vaidyanath Mishra (30 June 1911 – 5 November 1998), better",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
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"chunk_text": "\"K. Shivaram Karanth\"\nK. Shivaram Karanth Kota Shivaram Karanth (10 October 1902 – 9 December 1997) was an Indian polymath, who was a novelist in Kannada language, playwright and conservationist. Ramachandra Guha called him the \"\"Rabindranath Tagore of Modern India, who has been one of the finest novelists-activists since independence\"\". He was the third writer to be decorated with the Jnanpith Award for Kannada, the highest literary honor conferred in India. His son Ullas is a conservationist. Shivaram Karanth was born on 10 October 1902, in Kota near Udupi in the Udupi district of Karnataka to a Kannada-speaking family. The fifth child of",
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_text": "\"Masti Venkatesha Iyengar\"\n2006–07, at a nearby location. <br>Epics <br>Novels <br>Stories and Anthologies <br>Plays <br>Autobiography <br>Other Masti Venkatesha Iyengar Maasthi Venkatesa Iyengar (6 June 1891 – 6 June 1986) was a well-known writer in Kannada language. He was the fourth among Kannada writers to be honored with the Jnanpith Award, the highest literary honor conferred in India. He was popularly referred to as \"\"Maasti Kannadada Aasti\"\" which means \"\"Maasti, Kannada's Treasure\"\". He is most renowned for his short stories. He wrote under the pen name \"\"Srinivasa\"\". He was honoured with the title \"\"Rajasevasakta\"\" by then Maharaja of Mysore Nalvadi Krishnaraja Wadeyar. Maasti was",
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"chunk_text": "\"Bharatiya Jnanpith\"\nBharatiya Jnanpith Bharatiya Jnanpith a literary and research organization, based in New Delhi, India, was founded on February 18, 1944 by Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the Sahu Jain family and his wife Rama Jain to undertake systematic research and publication of Sanskrit, Prakrit, Pali and Apabhramsha texts and covering subjects like religion, philosophy, logic, ethics, grammar, astrology, poetics. Its research and publication programme started with the publication of the Dhavala texts. A Jain temple at Moodabidri in Karnataka, southern India, had stored for centuries its manuscript of palm-leaves. It was a 9th-century commentary in Prakrit and Sanskrit, of a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_text": "\"U. R. Ananthamurthy\"\nU. R. Ananthamurthy Udupi Rajagopalacharya Ananthamurthy (21 December 1932 – 22 August 2014) was a contemporary writer and critic in the Kannada language born in Thirtahalli Taluk and is considered as one of the pioneers of the Navya movement. He is the sixth writer to be honored with the Jnanpith Award for the Kannada language, the highest literary honour conferred in India. In 1998, he received the Padma Bhushan award from the Government of India. He was the vice-chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala during the late 1980s. He was one of the finalists of Man Booker International Prize",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
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"chunk_text": "\"Moortidevi Award\"\nprize was raised to in 2011 and to in 2013. The first recipient of the award was the Kannada writer C. K. Nagaraja Rao who was honoured in 1983 for his novel, \"\"Pattamahadevi Shantala Devi\"\", which was published in four volumes. Works have been presented the award in ten of the twenty-three eligible languages: Urdu, Telugu, Rajasthani, Marathi and Bengali (one each), Gujarati, Odia and Kannada (two), Malayalam (three) and Hindi (sixteen). No awards were given in 1985 and between 1996 and 1999. The award has been conferred upon twenty-nine writers including one women author: In 1991, Odia academic and",
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"page_id": 24
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"chunk_text": "\"Jhaverchand Meghani\"\nJhaverchand Meghani Jhaverchand Meghani ( – ) was a noted poet, writer, social reformer and freedom fighter from Gujarat. He is a well-known name in the field of Gujarati literature. He was born in Chotila. Mahatma Gandhi spontaneously gave him the title of \"\"Raashtreeya Shaayar\"\" (National Poet). Besides this he received many awards like Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak and \"\"Mahida Paaritoshik\"\" in literature. He authored more than 100 books. His first book was a translation work of Rabindranath Tagore's ballad \"\"Kathaa-u-Kaahinee\"\" titled \"\"Kurbani Ni Katha\"\" (Stories of martyrdom) which was first published in 1922. He contributed widely to Gujarati folk literature.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Telugu language\"\nJnanpith Award for his magnum opus \"\"Ramayana Kalpavrukshamu\"\". C. Narayana Reddy won the Jnanpith Award in 1988 for his poetic work, \"\"Viswambara\"\". Ravuri Bharadhwaja won the 3rd Jnanpith Award for Telugu literature in 2013 for \"\"Paakudu Raallu\"\", a graphic account of life behind the screen in film industry. \"\"Kanyasulkam\"\", the first social play in Telugu by Gurajada Appa Rao, was followed by the progressive movement, the free verse movement and the Digambara style of Telugu verse. Other modern Telugu novelists include Unnava Lakshminarayana (\"\"Maalapalli\"\"), Bulusu Venkateswarulu (\"\"Bharatiya Tatva Sastram\"\"), Kodavatiganti Kutumba Rao and Buchi Babu. Telugu input, display, and support",
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"chunk_text": "\"Dhumketu (writer)\"\nhim on the life of Hemachandra, a Jain scholar and poet. \"\"Jivanpanth\"\" and \"\"Jivanrang\"\" are two of his autobiography which provided a vivid glimpse of his past life and an idea of how he became a writer. In 1935, he was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak, the highest award in Gujarati literature, which he refused to accept. He received Narmad Suvarna Chandrak for literary activities in 1949. He served as an adviser to the Sahitya Akademi, Delhi for Gujarati in 1957. He won the rare honour to represent India in a book published in the USA with the title \"\"Stories From",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Ravindra Kelekar\"\nAward, which was the first given to a Konkani-language writer.[10] The pinnacle of his career came with the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement in 2007.[9] A lifelong proponent of regional languages, in his acceptance speech for the Jnanpith award, he said, \"\"People have stopped reading books in regional languages. On the other hand, through English, we have created Bonsai intellectuals, Bonsai writers and Bonsai readers.\"\"[21] When the Vishwa Konkani Sahitya Academy, an offshoot of the Konkani Language and Cultural Foundation, was set up in 2006, the first work it took up for translation was Velavaylo Dhulo, a collection of",
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"chunk_text": "\"Sanskrit literature\"\nabundance of contemporary Sanskrit literature: Similarly, , in \"\"Post-Independence Sanskrit Literature: A Critical Survey\"\", estimates that more than 3000 Sanskrit works were composed in the period after Indian Independence (i.e., since 1947) alone. Further, much of this work is judged as being of high quality, both in comparison to classical Sanskrit literature, and to modern literature in other Indian languages. Since 1967, the Sahitya Akademi, India's national academy of letters, has had an award for the best creative work written that year in Sanskrit. In 2009, Satyavrat Shastri became the first Sanskrit author to win the Jnanpith Award, India's highest",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Nalinidhar Bhattacharya\"\nNalinidhar Bhattacharya Nalinidhar Bhattacharya (; 4 December 1921 – 2 September 2016) was an Indian poet and literary critic from Assam. He was regarded as one of the important poets of the Jayanti era in Assamese literature. Bhattacharya was the elder brother of writer Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya, who was the youngest Sahitya Academy award winner and also the recipient of the Jnanpith Award. Bhattacharya passed his HSLC examination in 1940 from Kakojan High School in Jorhat. He completed his intermediate in 1942 from JB College, Jorhat and went on to complete his BA privately, after which he did his Masters",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_text": "\"Jnanpith Award\"\ncommittee consists of three literary critics and scholars of their respective languages. All the nominations are scrutinised by the committee and their recommendations are submitted to the Jnanpith Award Selection Board (Pravara Parishad). The Selection Board consists of between seven and eleven members of \"\"high repute and integrity\"\". Each member is part of the committee for a term of three years which can also be extended further for two more terms. The recommendations of all language advisory committees are evaluated by the board based on complete or partial translations of the selected writings of the proposed writers into Hindi or",
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"chunk_text": "\"Ravindra Kelekar\"\nwon by Kelekar for his travelogue, \"\"Himalayant\"\", in 1977. The Akademi's first Translation Award in Konkani also went to Kelekar in 1990 for \"\"Ami Taankan Manshant Haadle\"\", a Konkani translation of a collection of essays in Gujarati, \"\"Mansaeena Diva\"\", by Jhaverchand Meghani. He received the 2006 Jnanpith Award, which was the first given to a Konkani-language writer. The pinnacle of his career came with the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement in 2007. A lifelong proponent of regional languages, in his acceptance speech for the Jnanpith award, he said, \"\"People have stopped reading books in regional languages. On the other",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Modern Kannada literature\"\nModern Kannada literature Modern Kannada literature refers to the body of literature written in the Kannada language, a language spoken mainly in the Indian state of Karnataka. The Kannada script is the writing system used in Kannada literature. In the last forty years, eight modern Kannada authors have been awarded the Jnanpith award, a prestigious private literary award in India. In addition, the Sahitya Akademi Award, the second-highest award for literature granted by the Government of India, has been conferred upon Kannada writers fifty times. The nascent beginnings of modern Kannada literature can be traced to the early 19th century",
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"chunk_text": "\"Ravindra Kelekar\"\nvillage of Priol.[2] Kelekar received the Padma Bhushan (2008),[6][7] the Gomant Sharada Award of Kala Academy,[7] the Sahitya Akademi Award (1976),[8] and the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship (2007)—the highest award of the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters.[9] He also received the 2006 Jnanpith Award,[10] the first ever awarded to an author writing in the Konkani language,[1] which was presented in July 2010.[11] Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Personal life 4 Bibliography 4.1 Konkani 4.2 Konkani translations 4.3 Marathi 5 References 6 External links Early life and education Kelekar was born on 7 March 1925, in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Masti Venkatesha Iyengar\"\nMasti Venkatesha Iyengar Maasthi Venkatesa Iyengar (6 June 1891 – 6 June 1986) was a well-known writer in Kannada language. He was the fourth among Kannada writers to be honored with the Jnanpith Award, the highest literary honor conferred in India. He was popularly referred to as \"\"Maasti Kannadada Aasti\"\" which means \"\"Maasti, Kannada's Treasure\"\". He is most renowned for his short stories. He wrote under the pen name \"\"Srinivasa\"\". He was honoured with the title \"\"Rajasevasakta\"\" by then Maharaja of Mysore Nalvadi Krishnaraja Wadeyar. Maasti was born in 1891 at Hungenahalli in Kolar district of Karnataka in a Tamil",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Ali Sardar Jafri\"\nHe died on 1 August 2000 in Mumbai. To mark his first death anniversary, the book \"\"Ali Sardar Jafri: The Youthful Boatman of Joy\"\", edited by Squadron Leader Anil Sehgal, a close associate, was published in 2001. In 1998, Jafri became the third Urdu poet to receive the Jnanpith Award (for 1997), after Firaq Gorakhpuri (1969) and Qurratulain Hyder (1989). The Bharatiya Jnanpith said, \"\"Jafri represents those who are fighting against injustice and oppression in society\"\". He was also the recipient of several other significant awards and honours including Padma Shri (1967), Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship (1971), the Gold medal from",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Indian poetry\"\nprestigious awards like Jnanapeeth, Sahitya Akademi and Kalidas Samman etc. are given away to writers of both prose and poetry. Most of the awards have gone to novelists. Few poets have received these awards. The following poets have won the Jnanpith award for their poetry: Firaq Gorakhpuri for his \"\"Gul-e-Naghma\"\" (1969), [Kavi Samrat Viswanatha Satyanarayana] for his Ramayana kalpa vruksham in Telugu (1970), Amrita Pritam for her \"\"Kagaz te Kanvas\"\" (1981), Qurratulain Hyder for her \"\"Akhire Sab ke Humsafar\"\" Singireddi Narayana Reddi for his Viswambhara in Telugu ((1988)1989) and O. N. V. Kurup for his contribution to Malayalam poetry (2007).",
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"chunk_text": "\"Indian Languages Festival\"\nfor standing against the authoritarian forces in contemporary Indian society and broadening the scope of human empathy through an extraordinary body of work.\"\" The inaugural award in 2012 had been conferred upon the legendary Odiya writer Sitakant Mahapatra for \"\"his lifetime contribution to Odiya and Indian literature; for extraordinary efforts in generating dialogue across Indian languages through creative and administrative activism, for emancipation of dialects and oral traditions and for unrelenting advocacy of plurality of idea and expression.\"\" In this fifth year of India Habit Centre's Indian Languages Festival Samanvay, as part of the rethinking of the festival as a",
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"chunk_text": "\"Indian poetry\"\nof poetry in the recognised Indian languages, as well as outstanding works of translation of Indian poetry. The award winners for English poetry include Jayanta Mahapatra for \"\"Relationship\"\" (1981), Nissim Ezekiel for \"\"Latter-Day Psalms\"\" (1983), Keki N. Daruwalla for \"\"The Keeper of the Dead\"\" (1984), Kamala Das for \"\"Collected Poems\"\" (1985), Shiv K. Kumar for \"\"Trapfalls in the Sky\"\" (1987), Dom Moraes for \"\"Serendip\"\" (1994), A. K. Ramanujan for \"\"Collected Poems\"\" (1999) and Jeet Thayil for \"\"These Errors are Correct\"\" (1912). Recent Akademi awardees for poetry in other Indian languages include H. S. Shivaprakash (Kannada) and K. Satchidanandan (Malayalam). Other",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Devanur Mahadeva\"\nDevanur Mahadeva Devanuru Mahadeva (born 1948) is an award-winning novelist and a public intellectual who writes in Kannada language, Devanuru Mahadeva was born in 1948 in Devanuru village in Nanjanguda Taluk, Mysore district of the Karnataka state, India, He worked at CIIL in Mysore, The Government of India conferred upon him the Padma Shri award, the fourth highest civilian award. Known among literary circles to be a rebel, Mahadeva rejected the Nrupatunga Award (carrying a purse of Rs 5,01,000) in 2010. Devanura's rejection of the award was based on his dissatisfaction that despite being the official language of the state,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Vinayaka Krishna Gokak\"\non 9 August of every year. Vinayaka Krishna Gokak Vinayaka Krishna Gokak (9 August 1909 – 28 April 1992) was a major writer in the Kannada language and a scholar of English and Kannada literatures. He was the fifth writer to be honoured with the Jnanpith Award in 1990 for Kannada language, for his epic \"\"Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi\"\". Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi deals with the Vedic age and is perhaps the longest epic narrative in any language in the 20th Century. In 1961, Gokak was awarded the Padma Shri from the Government of India for \"\"Dyava Prithvi\"\". Gokak was born on",
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"page_id": 41
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"chunk_id": "17878298",
"chunk_text": "Chandramathi\nChandramathi Chandrika Balan (born 17 January 1954) is an Indian bilingual writer who has published books in both English and Malayalam, under the pen name Chandramathi,ചന്ദ്രമതി in Malayalam. She is an award-winning writer of fiction and translator, and a critic in both English and Malayalam. Chandramathi has published four books in English and 20 books in Malayalam, including 12 collections of short stories including a novelette, an anthology of medieval Malayalam poetry, two collections of essays, two memoirs, and five books translated from English. Chandramathi was born in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. She passed her post graduation in English Language and Literature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17282935",
"chunk_text": "\"Nagindas Parekh\"\nis work of Indian grammar. He was awarded the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 1970 for his critical work \"\"Abhinavno Rasvichar\"\". He received the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak award in 1990 and the Sahitya Gaurav Puraskar award in 1991. Nagindas Parekh Nagindas Narandas Parekh (8 August 1903 – 19 January 1993) was a Gujarati language critic, editor and translator from India. He is also known by his pen name, Granthkeet (literally, bookworm). Nagindas Parekh was born on 8 August 1903 in the city of Bulsar (now Valsad) within the state of Gujarat in India. He completed his primary and secondary education",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17386618",
"chunk_text": "\"Vinayaka Krishna Gokak\"\nVinayaka Krishna Gokak Vinayaka Krishna Gokak (9 August 1909 – 28 April 1992) was a major writer in the Kannada language and a scholar of English and Kannada literatures. He was the fifth writer to be honoured with the Jnanpith Award in 1990 for Kannada language, for his epic \"\"Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi\"\". Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi deals with the Vedic age and is perhaps the longest epic narrative in any language in the 20th Century. In 1961, Gokak was awarded the Padma Shri from the Government of India for \"\"Dyava Prithvi\"\". Gokak was born on 9 August 1909 to Sundarabai and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18886111",
"chunk_text": "\"O. N. V. Kurup\"\nO. N. V. Kurup Ottaplakkal Neelakandan Velu Kurup (27 May 1931 – 13 February 2016), popularly known as O. N. V. Kurup or simply and endearingly O. N. V., was a Malayalam poet and lyricist from Kerala, India, who won the Jnanpith Award, the highest literary award in India for the year 2007. He received the awards Padma Shri in 1998 and Padma Vibhushan in 2011, the fourth and second highest civilian honours from the Government of India. In 2007 he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by University of Kerala, Trivandrum. O. N. V. was known for his leftist leaning.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20641523",
"chunk_text": "\"Krishna Sobti\"\nand her Fellowship, citing governmental inaction following riots in Dadri, concerns regarding freedom of speech, as well as comments made by a government minister concerning Hindi writers. She was offered the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India in 2010, which she declined, stating that, \"\"As a writer, I have to keep a distance from the establishment. I think I did the right thing.\"\" She received Jnanpith Award in 2017 for her 'path-breaking contribution to Indian literature'. The Bharatiya Jnanpith mentioned in the statement that 'the language used by Sobti in her writings is influenced by the intermingling of Hindi,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9513442",
"chunk_text": "Kuvempu\nhonour of Kuvempu's idea of \"\"Vishwa Manava\"\" (\"\"Universal Man\"\"). India Post honoured Kuvempu by releasing a postage stamp in 1997 and 2017. Kuvempu Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa (29 December 1904 – 11 November 1994), popularly known by his pen name Kuvempu, was an Indian novelist, poet, playwright, critic and thinker. He is widely regarded as the greatest Kannada poet of the 20th century. He is the first among Kannada writers to be by decorated with the Jnanpith Award. Kuvempu studied at Mysuru University in the 1920s, taught there for nearly three decades and served as its vice-chancellor from 1956 to 1960.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17519882",
"chunk_text": "\"Ravindra Kelekar\"\nthe Sahitya Akademi Fellowship (2007)—the highest award of the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters. He also received the 2006 Jnanpith Award, the first ever awarded to an author writing in the Konkani language, which was presented in July 2010. Kelekar was born on 7 March 1925, in the city of Cuncolim in South Goa. His father, Dr Rajaram Kelekar, was a physician who later became renowned for his Portuguese translation of the \"\"Bhagwad Gita\"\". While still a student at the Lyceum High School in Panaji, Kelekar joined the Goa liberation movement in 1946. This brought him in close",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10925756",
"chunk_text": "Nagarjun\nNagarjun Vaidyanath Mishra (30 June 1911 – 5 November 1998), better known by his pen name Nagarjun, was a Hindi and Maithili poet who has also penned a number of novels, short stories, literary biographies and travelogues, and was known as \"\"Janakavi\"\"- the People's Poet. He is regarded as the most prominent protagonist of modernity in Maithili. Vaidyanath Mishra was born on 30 June 1911, in the village of Satlakha in Madhubani District of Bihar, India, which was his mother's village, his original village is Tarauni in Darbhanga district, Bihar. He later converted to Buddhism and got the name \"\"Nagarjun\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_672
|
criminal minds episode where jj becomes a profiler?
|
n/a
|
[
"season seven premiere",
"The season seven premiere"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371103",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Jareau\"\nhomicide, who lured Technical Analyst Penelope Garcia onto a date, and then shot her, in an attempt to keep his crimes from being discovered). During season six, JJ is given a promotion to the Pentagon; however, she returns in season seven as a full-time profiler, having received the necessary training. In season 9 (\"\"200\"\"), she is then kidnapped, and it is revealed that her year as the DOD Liaison at the Pentagon was a cover story. It turns out she was on a task force in Afghanistan, in search for Bin Laden. The team saves her, and in season 10,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119095",
"chunk_text": "\"200 (Criminal Minds)\"\n200 (Criminal Minds) \"\"200\"\" is the fourteenth episode of the ninth season of the American police procedural crime drama television series \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", and is the 200th episode overall, which aired on CBS on February 5, 2014. The episode was written by Rick Dunkle and directed by Larry Teng. At the time of its initial release, the episode was watched by 12.92 million viewers and received mixed reviews but television critics praised A.J. Cook's performance. After being abducted at the end of the previous episode, JJ (A.J. Cook) finds herself being held against her will with a bag over her",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806900",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\nAlvarez (Roma Maffia). Together, they solve the toughest of cases. She lives in a former firefighter station, guarded 24/7, with her seven-year-old daughter Chloe Waters (Caitlin Wachs), and her best friend Angel Brown (Erica Gimpel), an artist. Other characters included Michael Whaley playing Nathan Brubaker who appeared throughout season one; a detective who was a former defense attorney. Shiek Mahmoud-Bey played Marcus Payton in season two who was an FBI agent skeptical of Sam's methods. A Martinez, who had previously worked with Ally Walker on the NBC daytime serial \"\"Santa Barbara\"\", appeared occasionally in the first and second seasons playing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806897",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\nProfiler (TV series) Profiler is an American crime drama that aired on NBC as part of its Thrillogy block and CNBC Europe from 1996 to 2000. The series follows the exploits of a criminal profiler working with the fictional FBI Violent Crimes Task Force based in Atlanta, Georgia. Ally Walker starred as profiler Dr. Samantha Waters during the first three seasons (1996–99), and was later replaced by Jamie Luner as prosecutor-turned-profiler Dr. Rachel Burke during the show's final season. Robert Davi, Roma Maffia, Peter Frechette, Erica Gimpel and Julian McMahon co-starred throughout the show's run. Caitlin Wachs played Dr. Waters'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5375745",
"chunk_text": "\"Aaron Hotchner\"\nhe shares with Penelope Garcia. Former Media Communications Officer Jennifer \"\"JJ\"\" Jareau has moved on to become an official full-time profiler. Hotchner requested to run the psych review on his team following Prentiss' \"\"death\"\". This request was granted by Strauss, and saw the different reactions from his team. Strauss questioned why he had not submitted a psych report for himself, he made an excuse. Hotch is also very protective of Spencer Reid, which is shown in small ways throughout the episodes. In the pilot episode \"\"Extreme Aggressor\"\", Hotch explains that they introduce him as Dr. Spencer Reid instead of Special",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14376440",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds\"\nCriminal Minds Criminal Minds is an American police procedural crime drama television series created and produced by Jeff Davis. It premiered on September 22, 2005 and has run for fourteen seasons on CBS. It tells the story of a group of behavioral profilers who work for the FBI as members of its Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU). The team focuses on profiling criminals, called the \"\"unsub\"\" or \"\"unknown subject\"\", as well as victimology, in investigation of crimes. The show follows the team as they work various cases and tackle their personal struggles. The show has an ensemble cast, with Jason Gideon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371102",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Jareau\"\nacted as the team's liaison with the media and local police agencies. Though talented and helpful, she was not actually a profiler, having once declined Unit Chief Aaron Hotchner's suggestion to take the necessary classes in behavioral analysis. She works mostly out of the confines of the police stations and field offices the team visits. However, she does accompany the team on raids, and is proficient with firearms. This is made particularly clear when JJ resolves a hostage situation inside the BAU by killing the hostage-taker, Jason Clark Battle, with a single shot (Battle is a serial perpetrator of hero",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806903",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\none episode in season two to be Albert Newquay) who had in fact escaped yet again and was revealed to be in hiding in a small California town playing a sheriff, named Ed Boast. In season four, after finally stopping Jack, Sam retired from the VCTF, being replaced by a new forensic psychologist, Rachel Burke (Jamie Luner). Rachel was a former FBI instructor at Quantico who also had Sam Waters' skill of profiling. But unlike Sam, Rachel had a very brusque take-charge manner that alienated some of the team members. Rachel had her own life problems of being single and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6036199",
"chunk_text": "Mindhunters\nkilled when he was a child; and J.D. (Christian Slater), their leader and Nicole's lover. Nearing the end of their training, the group's over-all morale is high, though Vince discovers that neither he, nor Sara, will make the rank of \"\"Profiler\"\" after secretly reading their training evaluations. The group travels with their instructor to a small island off the coast of North Carolina to complete their final training exercise. At the last minute, they are joined by Gabe (LL Cool J, listed as James Todd Smith), an outside observer who has requested to see Harris's teaching methods in action. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806898",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\ndaughter for the first two seasons, a role taken over by Evan Rachel Wood in 1998. \"\"Profiler\"\" shares a similar lead character and premise with the Fox Network series \"\"Millennium\"\", created by Chris Carter. Both shows premiered at the beginning of the 1996–97 television season. Dr. Samantha \"\"Sam\"\" Waters (Ally Walker) is a forensic psychologist working for the FBI's Violent Crimes Task Force based in Atlanta, Georgia. She is a \"\"profiler\"\"; she has a unique gift to \"\"see\"\" through the eyes of others which gives Sam a special insight into the workings of the criminal mind. While she performs all",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806899",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\nof her duties diligently, her real motive lies in a both professional and personal tragedy years earlier in which her husband was murdered by a serial killer known only as \"\"Jack of All Trades\"\" (played by Dennis Christopher, who was never fully seen until the middle of the third season, when he first appeared posing as a buffoonish sheriff of a small California town). Sam is part of an elite team of pros led by her mentor, Bailey Malone (Robert Davi), and that also includes Detective John Grant (Julian McMahon), computer hacker George Fraley (Peter Frechette), and forensic pathologist Grace",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371108",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Jareau\"\nthe attack on her convoy, and asks him to keep it between them. The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full-time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia. She is initially against summoning Prentiss \"\"back from the dead,\"\" but Hotch insists on telling the team the truth. Also, she learns Reid is emotionally hurt by her deception, as she knew he cried for ten weeks after losing Prentiss and she never said a word, and Reid revealed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14376459",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds\"\n& iOS devices. Criminal Minds Criminal Minds is an American police procedural crime drama television series created and produced by Jeff Davis. It premiered on September 22, 2005 and has run for fourteen seasons on CBS. It tells the story of a group of behavioral profilers who work for the FBI as members of its Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU). The team focuses on profiling criminals, called the \"\"unsub\"\" or \"\"unknown subject\"\", as well as victimology, in investigation of crimes. The show follows the team as they work various cases and tackle their personal struggles. The show has an ensemble cast,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8765114",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 9)\"\nCriminal Minds (season 9) The ninth season of \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" premiered on CBS and CTV, on September 25, 2013. The series was officially renewed for a ninth season on May 9, 2013. The season consists of 24 episodes with the 200th episode being episode 14 of the season, and the finale on 14 May. This new season is said to reveal more on the past of Agent Jennifer \"\"JJ\"\" Jareau. \"\"We're going to use the serendipitous gift of Season 6 to explain with flashbacks what happened when she was working for the Pentagon and why she came back as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806904",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\ndealing with her self-destructive younger brother, Danny, who died from a drug overdose near the end of the season. Late in the season, the show established a new overarching villain, a shadowy urban legend named Damian Kennasas. Gregory Itzin also had a recurring role as Joel Marks, an unstable FBI agent who stalked Rachel. As the series came to an end, it appeared that the elite VCTF team might be shut down by the U.S. Congress for the high funds it took to operate. \"\"Profiler\"\" shared the same universe with \"\"The Pretender\"\", with three crossover episodes, one with Michael T.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806902",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\nSam and her daughter Chloe (now played by Evan Rachel Wood) moved out of the fortress-like firehouse where they had lived for the past two years and into a fancy house in the Atlanta suburbs. Sam had a brief romance with Paul Sterling (John Mese), a district attorney prosecuting Donald Lucas, while Sam also dealt with her estranged father Walter Anderson (Lawrence Pressman) who had some kind of connection to the imprisoned Donald Lucas. But as it turned out, the arrest of Donald Lucas was a ploy by the real Jack of All Trades (whose real name was revealed in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9624252",
"chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Jareau\"\nJennifer Jareau Jennifer \"\"JJ\"\" Jareau is a fictional character from the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", portrayed by A. J. Cook. During various episodes, Jareau has described growing up in a small town near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. When she was eleven, her seventeen-year-old sister Rosaline committed suicide by cutting. Rosaline's death was a particularly painful topic for her and she initially chose not to tell her young son about Rosaline, until her mother Sandy reminded her that avoidance was not the solution to dealing with the pain. A high school athlete, Jareau graduated valedictorian from East Allegheny High School, where she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12065391",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (franchise)\"\n\"\"Criminal Minds\"\" which premiered on September 22, 2005 is set primarily at the BAU based in Quantico, Virginia, and focuses on profiling the criminal, called the unsub (unknown subject), rather than the actual crime itself. The focal point of the series follows a group of FBI profilers who set about catching various criminals through behavioral profiling. The plot focuses on the team working cases and the personal lives of the characters, depicting the hardened life and statutory requirements of a profiler. In early 2009, Michael Ausiello from \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" said that he and studios were discussing the possibility of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10806905",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (TV series)\"\nWeiss guest starring on \"\"Profiler\"\", Ally Walker making a guest appearance on \"\"The Pretender\"\" in season 3, episode 19, and Jamie Luner making a guest appearance on \"\"The Pretender\"\" in season 4, episode 10. \"\"Profiler\"\" was first syndicated to Court TV in 2000. \"\"Profiler\"\" aired weeknights at 1AM and 4AM Eastern on NBC Universal's 24-hour crime and mystery-themed cable channel Sleuth in 2007. A&E Home Video has released the entire series on DVD in Region 1 in the United States of America. Profiler (TV series) Profiler is an American crime drama that aired on NBC as part of its Thrillogy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4696189",
"chunk_text": "\"Legacies (Dallas)\"\nLegacies (Dallas) \"\"Legacies\"\" is the fifteenth episode and season finale in the second season (2013) of the television series \"\"Dallas\"\". It aired along with the final episode in the season, \"\"Guilt by Association\"\", functioning as a two-hour finale. It finally answered the question that was uttered in \"\"The Furious and the Fast\"\": Who shot J.R.? At Harris Ryland's house, Emma rummages through her father's desk in the study room. When Harris catches her, she tells him that she was searching for pills. He unlocks a safe and hands her some pills. In Zurich, Switzerland, Christopher confronts Dr. David Gordon and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16548094",
"chunk_text": "\"Siren (Millennium)\"\nSiren (Millennium) \"\"'Siren\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the second season of the American crime-thriller television series \"\"Millennium\"\". It premiered on the Fox network on March 20, 1998. \"\"Millennium\"\" concerns offender profiler Frank Black (Lance Henriksen) as he investigates crimes for the Millennium Group. The episode was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong, and directed Allen Coulter. \"\"Siren\"\" featured guest appearances by Vivian Wu, Tzi Ma and Kristen Cloke. When offender profiler Black investigates several deaths on a cargo ship, he encounters a mysterious woman who shows him visions of a life in which he had never joined the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "125864",
"chunk_text": "\"A. J. Cook\"\nA. J. Cook Andrea Joy Cook (born July 22, 1978) is a Canadian actress best known for her role as Supervisory Special Agent Jennifer \"\"JJ\"\" Jareau in the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\". She has also appeared in films such as \"\"The Virgin Suicides\"\" (1999), \"\"Out Cold\"\" (2001), and \"\"Final Destination 2\"\" (2003). Cook was born in Oshawa, Ontario, and spent most of her life growing up in nearby Whitby, where she attended Anderson Collegiate Vocational Institute. She has three siblings: Nathan, Paul, and Angela. Cook was declared legally blind in the second grade because of a severe astigmatism, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9843333",
"chunk_text": "\"Number Crunch\"\nNumber Crunch \"\"Number Crunch\"\" is the tenth episode of the first season of the American television drama series \"\"Person of Interest\"\". It is the 10th overall episode of the series and is written by Patrick Harbinson and directed by Jeffrey Hunt. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on December 15, 2011. Security cameras show a car crashing in the street. Later, Finch (Michael Emerson) shows Reese (Jim Caviezel) a new case. The Machine has produced four numbers: Claire Ryan (Helen Coxe), Matt Duggan (Jeremy Beck), Wendy McNally (Bridget Regan) and Paula Vasquez (Melonie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14122759",
"chunk_text": "\"Trust Metric\"\nsets, to the actors' hair, and to the filming of the episode. Because of Scott's involvement, Sanzel broke with the normal number of action scenes and included more scenes in the episode. Scott also brought in Val Kilmer as a guest star. \"\"Trust Metric\"\" first aired in the United States on September 28, 2007. Critics gave the episode positive reviews. They especially liked the cinematic feel of the episode. A special feature on the Numb3rs season four DVDs highlight the filming of the episode. Five weeks have passed since the events in \"\"The Janus List\"\". FBI Special Agent Megan Reeves",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9627593",
"chunk_text": "\"Aaron Hotchner\"\nAaron Hotchner Aaron Hotchner is a fictional character from the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", portrayed by Thomas Gibson. He is a Supervisory Special Agent and the unit chief of the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit, and has appeared from the series' pilot episode \"\"Extreme Aggressor\"\", which was originally broadcast on September 22, 2005. Hotch begins the series married to his high school sweetheart Haley (Meredith Monroe). They have a son named Jack (Cade Owens), though they later separated over Hotch's dedication to his job. Meredith Monroe's character Haley was later killed in season five by serial killer George Foyet. On",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19949870",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (season 3)\"\nProfiler (season 3) The third season of \"\"Profiler\"\" premiered on NBC in the United States on October 17, 1998, and aired the finale on June 6, 1999. The third season ran for 21 episodes. As of episode 1 \"\"Coronation\"\", Caitlin Wachs no longer appeared as Chloe Waters and was replaced with Evan Rachel Wood. Also, Erica Gimpel is no longer featured in the opening credits. Heather McComb, Traci Lords and Shiek Mahmud-Bey are gone from the series due to Frances Malone's departure for college as well as Sharon Lesher's death, both featured in the final episode of Season 2, while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20119102",
"chunk_text": "\"200 (Criminal Minds)\"\nof Askari's “signature” was JJ’s informant overseas and he’s been killing ever since. The BAU classified him as a serial killer with a pattern. Askari will do everything in his power to break his victim within the first 24 hours. If they somehow hold off and continue to fight him then he’s forced to move away from his usual pattern and turns to rape. On the plane, Prentiss communicates with the BAU to find out that JJ is being tortured for information (along with Cruz), the information being the security codes for project “Integrity”. And they find out that Askari",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12358821",
"chunk_text": "\"Matthew Gray Gubler\"\nMatthew Gray Gubler Matthew Gray Gubler (; born March 9, 1980) is an American actor, filmmaker, fashion model and painter. He is best known for his role as criminal profiler Dr. Spencer Reid in the CBS television show \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" (2005–present), of which he has also directed eleven episodes. Gubler has appeared in \"\"The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou\"\", \"\"(500) Days of Summer\"\", \"\"Life After Beth\"\", \"\"Suburban Gothic\"\", \"\"Newness\"\", and as the voice of Simon in \"\"Alvin and the Chipmunks\"\" and its three sequels. Gubler was born on March 9, 1980, in Las Vegas, Nevada, the son of Marilyn (née",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15487156",
"chunk_text": "\"Prime Suspect (NCIS)\"\nPrime Suspect (NCIS) \"\"Prime Suspect\"\" is the 17th episode of the tenth season of the American police procedural drama \"\"NCIS\"\", and the 227th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on March 5, 2013. The episode is written by George Schenck and Frank Cardea and directed by James Whitmore, Jr., and was seen by 20.81 million viewers. Gibbs tries to help clear his barber's son's name after the barber suspects his son may be a murderer. Meanwhile, Tony takes Probationary Agent Ned Dorneget on his first undercover assignment. Gibbs' barber Frankie asks him to find out",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20118214",
"chunk_text": "\"100 (Criminal Minds)\"\n100 (Criminal Minds) \"\"100\"\" is the ninth episode of the fifth season of the American police procedural crime drama television series \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", and is the 100th episode overall, which aired on CBS on November 25, 2009. The episode was written by Bo Crese and directed by Edward Allen Bernero. This episode marks the final appearance of Meredith Monroe as Haley Hotchner, although Monroe reprised her role for one more time in the Season 9 episode \"\"Route 66\"\". At the time of its initial release, the episode was watched by 13.61 million viewers and received positive reviews with the television",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10184098",
"chunk_text": "\"Matthew Gray Gubler\"\n27, 2014, Gubler became a certified minister and officiated at the wedding of his \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" co-star Paget Brewster and Steve Damstra, on November 29, 2014. Matthew Gray Gubler Matthew Gray Gubler (; born March 9, 1980) is an American actor, filmmaker, fashion model and painter. He is best known for his role as criminal profiler Dr. Spencer Reid in the CBS television show \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" (2005–present), of which he has also directed eleven episodes. Gubler has appeared in \"\"The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou\"\", \"\"(500) Days of Summer\"\", \"\"Life After Beth\"\", \"\"Suburban Gothic\"\", \"\"Newness\"\", and as the voice of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16361681",
"chunk_text": "\"Alibi (NCIS)\"\nAlibi (NCIS) \"\"Alibi\"\" is the eighth episode of the eleventh season of the American police procedural drama \"\"NCIS\"\", and the 242nd episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on November 12, 2013. The episode is written by George Schenck and Frank Cardea and directed by Holly Dale, and was seen by 19.37 million viewers. The team goes out to investigate a fatal hit and run near Quantico involving the victim who is Petty Officer Third Class Jodie Ray and they eventually manage to gather enough evidence to lead them to Marine Staff Sergeant Justin Dunne. After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16547981",
"chunk_text": "\"Monster (Millennium)\"\nMonster (Millennium) \"\"'Monster\"\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the American crime-thriller television series \"\"Millennium\"\". It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on October 17, 1997. The episode was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong and directed by Perry Lang. \"\"Monster\"\" featured guest appearances from Kristen Cloke, Robert Wisden and Chris Owens. In the episode, Millennium Group profiler Frank Black (Lance Henriksen) travels to Arkansas to investigate allegations of child abuse in the community, meeting fellow Group member Lara Means (Cloke). They soon discover that the abuse may actually be the work of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12374316",
"chunk_text": "\"Claudia Leigh\"\njob as a criminal profiler and her semi-regular status. Walton's casting was announced on 1 February 2009 and she made her debut screen appearance in the second season episode \"\"Rage\"\", which was broadcast on 22 March 2009. Claudia Leigh is a criminal profiler and psychologist. As profiling is not a big department within the Australian police force, dramatic licence was taken with Claudia and it was stated that she came up through the detective ranks, before becoming a specialised criminal psychologist. Walton explained that Claudia is fascinated with the workings of the criminal mind and comes from an intellectual approach.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6762892",
"chunk_text": "\"Super (Person of Interest)\"\nSuper (Person of Interest) \"\"Super\"\" is the eleventh episode of the first season of the American television drama series \"\"Person of Interest\"\". It is the 11th overall episode of the series and is written by David Slack and directed by Stephen Williams. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on January 12, 2012. In 2005, Nathan Ingram (Brett Cullen) meets with Alicia Corwin (Elizabeth Marvel) to discuss the progress of the Machine. After pressure, he hands Corwin a paper containing the numbers \"\"498003145\"\". Later, Finch (Michael Emerson) sabotages Ingram's computer with coffee just as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17713911",
"chunk_text": "\"Profiler (season 3)\"\nno explanation is ever given for Marcus Payton's departure. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Profiler (season 3) The third season of \"\"Profiler\"\" premiered on NBC in the United States on October 17, 1998, and aired the finale on June 6, 1999. The third season ran for 21 episodes. As of episode 1 \"\"Coronation\"\", Caitlin Wachs no longer appeared as Chloe Waters and was replaced with Evan Rachel Wood. Also, Erica Gimpel is no longer featured in the opening credits. Heather McComb, Traci Lords and Shiek Mahmud-Bey are gone from the series due to Frances Malone's departure for college as well as Sharon Lesher's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "905382",
"chunk_text": "\"Legacies (Dallas)\"\nland on the bed. The episode ends with the phrase: \"\"TO BE CONTINUED...\"\" Legacies (Dallas) \"\"Legacies\"\" is the fifteenth episode and season finale in the second season (2013) of the television series \"\"Dallas\"\". It aired along with the final episode in the season, \"\"Guilt by Association\"\", functioning as a two-hour finale. It finally answered the question that was uttered in \"\"The Furious and the Fast\"\": Who shot J.R.? At Harris Ryland's house, Emma rummages through her father's desk in the study room. When Harris catches her, she tells him that she was searching for pills. He unlocks a safe and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19572729",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 7)\"\nOn March 14, 2012, CBS renewed \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" for an eighth season, which aired on September 26, 2012. In the season premiere \"\"It Takes a Village\"\", Timothy V. Murphy reprises as Ian Doyle, and Robin Atkin Downes guest-starred as Lachlan McDermott, an international criminal who seeks vengeance against Doyle for murdering his brother Jimmy. In the episode \"\"Proof\"\", Andy Milder guest-starred as Ben Bradstone, a mentally challenged serial killer who removes his victims' five senses with sulfuric acid. Johanna Braddy guest-starred as Ben's niece, Tammy, and Tracy Middendorf guest-starred as Tammy's mother, Lyla, who Ben had a secret obsession over.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18536928",
"chunk_text": "\"Behavioral Analysis Unit\"\nthe NBC television show based on the novels, \"\"Hannibal\"\". The \"\"\"\" episode \"\"\"\" (, no. 12, January 8, 2008) heavily features a member of the BAU. Also, in season 5 of the HBO show \"\"The Wire\"\", two detectives visit the BAU team in Quantico for a profile of the \"\"fake\"\" serial killer they are investigating. In October 2017, the Netflix show \"\"Mindhunter\"\" was released, which details the experiences of two BSU team detectives interviewing inmates with psychological disorders. In August 2017, the Discovery Channel series \"\"\"\", based on true events, was released. It featured a member of the BAU who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4004056",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (South Korean TV series)\"\nCriminal Minds (South Korean TV series) Criminal Minds () is a South Korean television series starring Lee Joon-gi, Son Hyun-joo, Moon Chae-won, Yoo Sun, Lee Sun-bin with Go Yoon and Kim Yeong-cheol. The drama is based on the American television series \"\"Criminal Minds\"\". It was broadcast every Wednesday and Thursday from July 26, 2017, to September 28, 2017, on the cable channel tvN. The drama follows a group of highly trained profilers in the fictional National Criminal Investigation (NCI) team who track down criminals to solve cases. It begins a year after a crucial error results in a bomb detonating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16270354",
"chunk_text": "\"Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds)\"\nshe also saw the victims' bodies, which severely traumatized her. In the season 11 premiere, \"\"The Job\"\", the BAU is two profilers down. Hotch starts interviewing applicants for the open spot on the team. He briefly speaks to Lewis, a forensic psychologist whose skill set is not quite what they're looking for in the BAU. Lewis tells Hotch that interviewing serial killers is one thing and hunting them is another, \"\"For twelve years, I've studied these men after they were caught. Now I want to catch them.\"\" Lewis gets a chance to prove herself during the case when Montolo, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8984132",
"chunk_text": "\"Rat Saw God\"\nRat Saw God \"\"Rat Saw God\"\" is the sixth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series \"\"Veronica Mars\"\", and the twenty-eighth episode overall. Written by Phil Klemmer and John Enbom and directed by Kevin Bray, the episode premiered on UPN on November 9, 2005. The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Abel Koontz (Christian Clemenson) returns and requests Veronica's help in finding his daughter. Meanwhile, Logan (Jason Dohring) is arrested for his supposed stabbing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10021569",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 1)\"\nCriminal Minds (season 1) The first season of \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" premiered on CBS on September 22, 2005 and ended May 10, 2006. In the pilot episode, \"\"Extreme Aggressor\"\", Andrew Jackson guest-starred as Timothy Vogel. Chelah Horsdal guest-starred as his victim, Heather Woodland. In the episode \"\"Won't Get Fooled Again\"\", Tim Kelleher guest-starred as Adrian Bale, a serial bomber responsible for the deaths of six FBI agents. In the episode \"\"Plain Sight\"\", Kirk B. R. Woller guest-starred as serial rapist Franklin Graney. In the episode \"\"Broken Mirror\"\", Matt Letscher guest-starred as Vincent Shyer, an erotomaniacal stalker who abducts one of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14376450",
"chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds\"\nthe program due to this incident. On September 30, 2016, it was announced that Gibson's character would be replaced by Damon Gupton, who will play Special Agent Stephen Walker, a seasoned profiler from the Behavioral Analysis Program (the counterintelligence division of the FBI) who will bring his spy-hunting skills to the BAU. On June 11, 2017, it was announced that Gupton had been fired from the show after one season. CBS said his departure was \"\"part of a creative change on the show.\"\" On June 20, 2017, CBS announced that Daniel Henney, who was a series regular on \"\"\"\" as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16547970",
"chunk_text": "\"Sense and Antisense (Millennium)\"\nSense and Antisense (Millennium) \"\"'Sense and Antisense\"\" is the third episode of the second season of the crime-thriller television series \"\"Millennium\"\". It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on October 3, 1997. The episode was written by Chip Johannessen and directed by Thomas J. Wright. \"\"Sense and Antisense\"\" featured guest appearances from Clarence Williams III and Ricky Harris. \"\"Millennium\"\" centers on offender profiler Frank Black (Lance Henriksen), who investigates unusual crimes as part of the private investigative organisation the Millennium Group. In this episode, Black aids in the search for a man who is supposedly carrying a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12649785",
"chunk_text": "\"JJ Deveraux\"\nThough he is born on September 3, 2004, the role was originated by Tyler Lake on November 12, 2004. Lake last appeared on December 20, 2004. Siblings Jake and Nick Ravo on April 25, 2005 and last appeared in October of that year. Jacob and Micah Reeves stepped into the role in December 2005 and last appeared on September 21, 2006. Casey Moss first auditioned for the role in October 2012, and screen tested with Melissa Reeves, who plays Jennifer Horton, in November. Moss began taping in January 2013. In March 2013, Moss was spotted in a cast photo published",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16547856",
"chunk_text": "\"Walkabout (Millennium)\"\nWalkabout (Millennium) \"\"'Walkabout\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the first season of the American crime-thriller television series \"\"Millennium\"\". It premiered on the Fox network on March 28, 1997. The episode was written by Chip Johannessen and Tim Tankosic, and directed by Cliff Bole. \"\"Walkabout\"\" featured guest appearances by Željko Ivanek and Gregory Itzin. Forensic profiler Frank Black (Lance Henriksen), a member of the private investigative organisation Millennium Group, finds himself suffering from amnesia after taking part in a nightmarish drug trial. Fearing that someone may have died as a result, Black attempts to track down the doctor responsible. \"\"Walkabout\"\" was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371049",
"chunk_text": "\"Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)\"\nDerek Morgan (Criminal Minds) Derek Morgan is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", portrayed by Emmy Award winner Shemar Moore. Morgan specializes in fixations and obsessive behaviors. He is a Supervisory Special Agent of the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit, (although has served as interim unit chief for Aaron Hotchner), and has appeared from the series' pilot episode \"\"Extreme Aggressor\"\", which was originally broadcast on September 22, 2005. Before he left in season 11, he was one of only three main characters to appear since the first season as \"\"starring\"\", while also becoming the only character to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7881290",
"chunk_text": "\"Look Who's Stalking\"\nLook Who's Stalking \"\"Look Who's Stalking\"\" is the twentieth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series \"\"Veronica Mars\"\", and the forty-second episode overall. Written by John Enbom and directed by Michael Fields, the episode premiered on UPN on April 25, 2006. The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Gia (Krysten Ritter) asks Veronica for help in tracking someone who is stalking her. Meanwhile, Logan (Jason Dohring) and Dick (Ryan Hansen) organize an alternative prom",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15940402",
"chunk_text": "\"James Badge Dale\"\nthe 1990 film adaptation of \"\"Lord of the Flies\"\" (in which he played the part of Simon) and the role of Chase Edmunds in the third season of the Fox TV series \"\"24\"\" (which he later reprised in ). He also appeared in \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\" as serial killer Henry Darius. The storyline originally began in the \"\"CSI: Miami\"\" Season 4 episode \"\"Felony\"\" and ended in the \"\"CSI: NY\"\" Season 2 episode \"\"Manhattan Manhunt\"\", resulting in a crossover between the two shows. In 2006, he was cast in the pivotal supporting role of Trooper Barrigan in \"\"The Departed\"\". He then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_673
|
who has played raoul in phantom of the opera?
|
n/a
|
[
"Tim Martin Gleason",
"Hadley Fraser",
"Steve Barton"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12484735",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)\"\ntrained soprano, in 2004. However, Hathaway dropped out of the role because the production schedule of the film overlapped with \"\"\"\", which she was contractually obligated to make. Hathaway was then replaced with Emmy Rossum. The actress modeled the relationship between the Phantom and Christine after Suzanne Farrell and George Balanchine. Patrick Wilson was cast as Raoul based on his previous Broadway theatre career. For the role of Carlotta, Minnie Driver devised an over-the-top, camp performance as the egotistical prima donna. Despite also lacking singing experience, Ciarán Hinds was cast by Schumacher as Richard Firmin; the two had previously worked",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5905116",
"chunk_text": "\"Alen Hodzovic\"\nAlen Hodzovic Alen Hodzovic is a German actor and singer, currently based in Berlin. In 2009, he became the first German citizen to win First Prize at Kurt Weill Foundation's international Lotte Lenya Competition for singers. He graduated from the Royal Academy of Music in London where he won the H.L. Hammond Prize for Verse Speaking, adjudicated by director John Caird. He played Raoul in the Stuttgart production of Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" and Ken in a German-language production of John Logan's play \"\"Red\"\". In 2007, he appeared as a background singer for Elton John at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9955236",
"chunk_text": "\"Ramin Karimloo\"\nJanuary 29, 2017. Ramin Karimloo Ramin Karimloo (; born September 19, 1978) is an Iranian-Canadian actor and singer, recognised mainly for his work in London's West End. He has played the leading male roles in both of the West End's longest running musicals: the Phantom and Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", and Jean Valjean, Enjolras, and Marius Pontmercy in \"\"Les Misérables\"\". He also originated the role of the Phantom in Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"Love Never Dies\"\", which continues the story of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He made his Broadway debut as Jean Valjean in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16152366",
"chunk_text": "\"Ramin Karimloo\"\nRamin Karimloo Ramin Karimloo (; born September 19, 1978) is an Iranian-Canadian actor and singer, recognised mainly for his work in London's West End. He has played the leading male roles in both of the West End's longest running musicals: the Phantom and Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", and Jean Valjean, Enjolras, and Marius Pontmercy in \"\"Les Misérables\"\". He also originated the role of the Phantom in Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"Love Never Dies\"\", which continues the story of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He made his Broadway debut as Jean Valjean in the 2014 revival",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17174689",
"chunk_text": "\"Matthew Garwood\"\nMatthew Garwood Matthew Garwood is an Australian operatic and musical theatre singer from Launceston, Tasmania. After being a finalist on \"\"The Voice\"\" in 2014 he issued his debut album, \"\"The Tattooed Tenor\"\" (November 2014), which peaked at No. 47 on the ARIA Albums Chart. Garwood is an operatic tenor with a background in musical theatre. He performed the role of Raoul in the \"\"Phantom of the Opera\"\" at the Encore Theatre in Launceston, in March 2014. He appeared on the 2014 season of \"\"The Voice\"\" from May to June. After being eliminated, Garwood signed with Decca Australia and released his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15972694",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Ball (singer)\"\nMichael Ball (singer) Michael Ashley Ball, OBE (born 27 June 1962) is an English actor, singer and broadcaster, who is known for his work in musical theatre. He made his West End debut in 1985 playing Marius in the original London production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\", and went on to star in 1987 as Raoul in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". In 1989, he reached number two in the UK Singles Chart with \"\"Love Changes Everything\"\", a song taken from the musical \"\"Aspects of Love\"\", where he played Alex. He played the role in London and on Broadway. In 1992, Ball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "39825",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)\"\nas Raoul. The production, still playing at Her Majesty's, celebrated its 10,000th performance on 23 October 2010, with Lloyd Webber and the original Phantom, Michael Crawford, in attendance. It is the second longest-running musical in West End (and world) history behind \"\"Les Misérables\"\", and third overall behind \"\"The Mousetrap\"\". A 25th-anniversary stage performance was held in London on 1 and 2 October 2011 at the Royal Albert Hall and was screened live in cinemas worldwide. The production was produced by Cameron Mackintosh, directed by Laurence Connor, musical staging & choreography by Gillian Lynne, set design by Matt Kinley, costume design",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5905117",
"chunk_text": "\"Alen Hodzovic\"\nthe \"\"Concert for Diana\"\" at Wembley Stadium. Alen Hodzovic Alen Hodzovic is a German actor and singer, currently based in Berlin. In 2009, he became the first German citizen to win First Prize at Kurt Weill Foundation's international Lotte Lenya Competition for singers. He graduated from the Royal Academy of Music in London where he won the H.L. Hammond Prize for Verse Speaking, adjudicated by director John Caird. He played Raoul in the Stuttgart production of Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" and Ken in a German-language production of John Logan's play \"\"Red\"\". In 2007, he appeared as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9343407",
"chunk_text": "\"John Owen-Jones\"\nJohn Owen-Jones John Owen-Jones (born 5 May 1971) is a Welsh musical theatre actor and singer, best known for his portrayals of Jean Valjean in Alain Boublil & Claude-Michel Schönberg's \"\"Les Misérables\"\" and of The Phantom in Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He most recently appeared as Valjean on the 25th Anniversary Tour of \"\"Les Misérables\"\", and as The Phantom in The Phantom Of The Opera UK Tour, as part of the 25th anniversary celebrations. He has now recorded three studio albums. Owen-Jones was born in 1971 and originates from Burry Port in Carmarthenshire. He was educated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12482364",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)\"\nNew Zealand, Panama, Poland, Romania, and the 25th Anniversary UK and US Tours, these productions have all been \"\"clones\"\", using the original staging, direction, sets, and costume concepts. Notable international productions include the following: A film version, directed by Joel Schumacher and starring Gerard Butler as the Phantom, Emmy Rossum as Christine, Patrick Wilson as Raoul, Minnie Driver as Carlotta, and Miranda Richardson as Madame Giry, opened on 22 December 2004 in the US. An edited production renamed \"\"Phantom: The Las Vegas Spectacular\"\" opened 24 June 2006 at The Venetian in Las Vegas, Nevada, in a theatre built specifically for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12482334",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)\"\n2012, a new production directed by Laurence Connor began a UK and Ireland tour to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the show, beginning at the Theatre Royal Plymouth and travelled to Manchester, Bristol, Dublin, Leeds, Edinburgh, Milton Keynes, Cardiff, and Southampton. John Owen-Jones and Earl Carpenter alternated as the Phantom with Katie Hall and Olivia Brereton as Christine and Simon Bailey as Raoul. \"\"Phantom\"\" began Broadway previews at the Majestic Theatre on 9 January 1988 and opened on 26 January. Crawford, Brightman, and Barton reprised their respective roles from the West End. The production continues to play at the Majestic,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16529153",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael McCarthy (singer)\"\nMichael McCarthy (singer) Michael McCarthy (born 5 June 1966), is an Irish musical theatre performer who is best known for his many appearances as Javert in the musical \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Other musical stage roles have included: Max in \"\"Cabaret\"\"; Sir Lancelot in \"\"Camelot\"\"; Thomas Inkle in a 1997 revival of \"\"Inkle and Yarico\"\"; the Phantom in Ken Hill's \"\"Phantom of the Opera\"\"; Ivan Molokov in \"\"Chess\"\" and Sweeney Todd in \"\"\"\". McCarthy has also performed in operas, such as \"\"Rigoletto\"\" and dramatic roles including, Marco in \"\"A View from the Bridge\"\", and Laurie in \"\"Little Women\"\". He has appeared in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15463776",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)\"\ntogether on \"\"Veronica Guerin\"\". Ramin Karimloo also briefly appears as the portrait of Gustave Daaé, Christine's father. Karimloo later played the Phantom as well as the role of Raoul on London's West End. Principal photography lasted from 15 September 2003 to 15 January 2004. The film was shot entirely using eight sound stages at Pinewood Studios, where, on the Pinewood backlot, the bottom half exterior of the Palais Garnier was constructed. The top half was implemented using a combination of computer-generated imagery (CGI) and a scale model created by Cinesite. The surrounding Paris skyline for \"\"All I Ask of You\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "849688",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)\"\nThe Phantom of the Opera (2004 film) The Phantom of the Opera is a 2004 British–American musical drama film based on Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1986 musical of the same name, which in turn is based on the French novel \"\"Le Fantôme de l'Opéra\"\" by Gaston Leroux. Produced and co-written by Lloyd Webber and directed by Joel Schumacher, it stars Gerard Butler in the title role, Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver and Jennifer Ellison. The film was announced in 1989 but production did not start until 2002 due to Lloyd Webber's divorce and Schumacher's busy career. It was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3563003",
"chunk_text": "\"Nosferatu The Vampire (musical)\"\nand Hungarian and was due to receive its Continental European premiere in Budapest in October, 2007. A German recording of the musical peaked number 28 on the Ö3 Austria Top 75 albums chart. Nosferatu The Vampire (musical) Nosferatu the Vampire is a rock opera musical by Bernard J. Taylor inspired by the silent movie classic by Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau. It was first recorded as a concept studio recording with singers including Peter Karrie, Claire Moore, Barry James (the West End's longest-running Thénardier in \"\"Les Misérables\"\"), Mario Frangoulis (Raoul in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", 1988–89, 1991), Simon Burke and others.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20971097",
"chunk_text": "\"Garðar Thór Cortes\"\nhe had the opportunity to work with included David Maxwell Anderson, Stuart Burrows, Paul Farrington, Paul Whynne Griffiths, David Jones, Kiri Te Kanawa and Robin Stapleton. In 1999, Garðar won the principal role of Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny, in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" at Her Majesty's Theatre in London's West End. It was in this role that he discovered his ability to sing high notes. \"\"I'd been having a bad evening and I was miserable, felt I wasn't even good enough to be in the chorus. Then in my next scene I went up to the C sharp and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "39826",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)\"\nby Maria Björnson, lighting design by Patrick Woodroffe, and sound design by Mick Potter. The cast included Ramin Karimloo as the Phantom, Sierra Boggess as Christine, Hadley Fraser as Raoul, Wynne Evans as Piangi, Wendy Ferguson as Carlotta, Barry James as Monsieur Firmin, Gareth Snook as Monsieur Andre, Liz Robertson as Madame Giry, and Daisy Maywood as Meg Giry. Lloyd Webber and several original cast members, including Crawford and Brightman, were in attendance. A DVD and Blu-ray of the performance was released in February 2012, and it began airing in March 2012 on PBS's \"\"Great Performances\"\" television series. In March",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15920566",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1998 film)\"\ninto his underground chambers, just as rats are killed whenever they venture above ground. The Phantom (Julian Sands) falls in love with the young opera singer Christine Daaé (Asia Argento), while she sings alone on stage one night. He appears before her and tells her that her voice fills his heart with light. After leaving, he speaks to her using telepathy and the two begin a romantic relationship. The aristocratic Baron Raoul De Chagny (Andrea Di Stefano) has also fallen in love with Christine, though at first Christine offers him only a platonic relationship. Later, she ruminates that she may",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16588515",
"chunk_text": "\"Gary Mauer\"\nGary Mauer Gary Mauer is an actor who most recently starred in the third national tour of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" playing the role of the Phantom. On Broadway, Gary starred as Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny in \"\"Phantom\"\" and played the role of Enjolras in \"\"Les Misérables\"\". He has also appeared in numerous regional shows, including playing Jesus in \"\"Jesus Christ Superstar\"\". From April 30, 2007 through May 19, 2007, Gary filled in for Howard McGillin, the actor who formerly played The Phantom in \"\"Phantom\"\", on Broadway. Gary has a B.F.A in Musical Theater from the University of Arizona",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "847860",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)\"\nand the 1988 Tony Award for Best Musical, and Michael Crawford (in the title role) won the Olivier and Tony Awards for Best Actor in a Musical. It is the longest running show in Broadway history by a wide margin, and celebrated its 10,000th Broadway performance on 11 February 2012, the first production ever to do so. It is the second longest-running West End musical, after \"\"Les Misérables\"\", and the third longest-running West End show overall, after \"\"The Mousetrap\"\". With total estimated worldwide gross receipts of over $5.6 billion and total Broadway gross of $845 million, \"\"Phantom\"\" was the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13523692",
"chunk_text": "\"Nosferatu The Vampire (musical)\"\nNosferatu The Vampire (musical) Nosferatu the Vampire is a rock opera musical by Bernard J. Taylor inspired by the silent movie classic by Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau. It was first recorded as a concept studio recording with singers including Peter Karrie, Claire Moore, Barry James (the West End's longest-running Thénardier in \"\"Les Misérables\"\"), Mario Frangoulis (Raoul in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", 1988–89, 1991), Simon Burke and others. It received its world premiere at the Madison Theatre, Peoria, Illinois in 1994, followed by a production at the Hippodrome, Eastbourne, England, shortly afterwards. The opera/musical has since been translated into German, Spanish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11907415",
"chunk_text": "\"Earl Carpenter\"\nEarl Carpenter Earl Carpenter (born 9 May 1970) is an English musical theatre actor, recognised chiefly for his work in London's West End. He is known for his performances as Javert in the stage musical \"\"Les Misérables\"\" and as the Phantom in the London production of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He recently starred played the Phantom in the 25th Anniversary UK Tour, replacing John Owen-Jones, who left the tour in September. He made his return to Broadway in May 2015, reprising his role of Inspector Javert and recently a new show in Singapore \"\"Forbidden City\"\" As part of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9878883",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Warlow\"\nAnthony Warlow Anthony Thorne Warlow (born 18 November 1961 in Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia) is an Australian opera and musical theatre performer, noted for his character acting and considerable vocal range. He is a classically trained lyric baritone. Notable musical roles include lead roles in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" (as \"\"The Phantom\"\"), \"\"The Secret Garden\"\" (as \"\"Archibald Craven\"\"), \"\"Annie\"\" (as Daddy Warbucks), \"\"Guys and Dolls\"\" (as \"\"Sky Masterson\"\"), \"\"My Fair Lady\"\" (as \"\"Henry Higgins\"\"), \"\"Jekyll and Hyde\"\" (original gothic thriller cast recording and, for the 25th anniversary, as \"\"Dr. Henry Jekyll / Edward Hyde\"\"), \"\"Man of La Mancha\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17615260",
"chunk_text": "\"David Thaxton\"\nDavid Thaxton David Thaxton (born 12 May 1982) is a Welsh singer and musical theatre and opera performer. He starred in the Donmar Warehouse's \"\"Passion\"\", for which he won the 2011 Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Musical. He previously appeared as Enjolras in the West End production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". In March 2011, he joined the cast of Love Never Dies, undertaking the role of Raoul de Chagny. Thaxton was born in Neath, South Wales. He attended Grimston Primary School and Springwood High School in King's Lynn, Norfolk, and subsequently won a scholarship to the Royal Welsh College",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6527038",
"chunk_text": "\"Brad Little (actor)\"\ncast of Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" as Raoul. In 1996, he joined the musical's national tour as the title role of the Phantom. In 2004, Brad joined the World Tour cast of the musical which toured Shanghai, Seoul, Taipei, Hong Kong and Singapore. He returned to the role in the current World Tour cast in 2012 for the third and subsequent seasons in Seoul, Bangkok, Singapore (current stop) and Shanghai. He is one of the only four men who have played the role of The Phantom over 2000 performances. In 2006, he had a solo concert",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18661778",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Carlsohn\"\nÖstgötateatern. His roles include Sir Percy Blakeney in \"\"The Scarlet Pimpernel\"\", which was critically acclaimed, and Mercutio in \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\". From December 2008 to May 2009, he will play the Emcee in \"\"Cabaret\"\". Richard Carlsohn Richard Carlsohn (bord 29 January 1965 in Tranås, Sweden) is a Swedish actor and singer. His breakthrough was performing in the musical \"\"Cabaret\"\" at Oscarsteatern in 1989. Since then he has played many roles in musicals, including \"\"Les Misérables\"\" and \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He has won the Swedish theatre award, Guldmasken several times, and has been a recording artist in his own",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12929695",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Warlow\"\nAustralia's Ana Marina and Alexander Lewis were cast as Christine Daae and Raoul, the Vicomte de Chagny. Although he performed for the industry opening night, Warlow was struck down by a bout of influenza that had also claimed many of the other cast and crew and he missed the first two and a half weeks of the show's Melbourne season. Understudy Simon Pryce performed in his place until Warlow made a return on 9 August 2007. Unlike the original Australian \"\"Phantom\"\", Warlow played the Phantom for the two-year tour of Australia and New Zealand. \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" opened",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8725430",
"chunk_text": "\"Hugh Panaro\"\nHope in \"\"\"\". In Los Angeles, Hugh played Franklin Shepard in \"\"Merrily We Roll Along\"\" and received an Ovation Award nomination for his performance as Kenneth in \"\"Call Me Madam\"\", both for \"\"Reprise!\"\". As a concert artist, Hugh has performed with symphony orchestras across the U.S. and abroad and can be heard on numerous recordings. He is one of the few actors to play both the roles of Raoul (1991) and the Phantom (1999) in the Broadway production of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", but after wearing the mask for only a few months, he left to play the title",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "227226",
"chunk_text": "\"Colm Wilkinson\"\nColm Wilkinson Colm Wilkinson (born 5 June 1944), also known as C. T. Wilkinson, is an Irish tenor and actor, best known for originating the role of Jean Valjean in \"\"\"\"Les Misérables\"\"\"\" (in the West End and Broadway) and for taking the title role in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" at the Sydmonton Festival and in the original Canadian production. Due to his association with these musicals, he reprised the role of Jean Valjean during the (at The Royal Albert Hall), as well as appearing as a special guest at the 25th Anniversary Celebrations of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" (at the O2",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18726777",
"chunk_text": "\"Davis Gaines\"\nDavis Gaines Davis Gaines (born January 21, 1959, Orlando, Florida) is a stage actor. He has performed as the Phantom in the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" more than 2000 times, on Broadway, in Los Angeles, and in San Francisco. In the latter location, he won the Bay Area Critics' Award for Best Actor. He performed in the role for The Kennedy Center Honors in 1994. He originated the lead role of The Man in \"\"Whistle Down the Wind\"\" (1996). Gaines was the singing voice of Chamberlain in \"\"The Swan Princess\"\" (1994). He guested in \"\"Murder",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8725435",
"chunk_text": "\"Hugh Panaro\"\non August 26, starring opposite Mary Michael Patterson as Christine Daae. Panaro's final performance as the Phantom was May 3. His former co-star in Les Miserables, Norm Lewis, succeeded him in the role. Beginning August 29, he assumed the lead from Norm Lewis in the Off-Broadway production of at the Barrow Street Theater. He played the role through February 25, 2018. In 2018 he was 'Maxim de Winter' in a Broadway version of \"\"Rebecca\"\". Hugh Panaro Hugh Panaro (born February 19, 1964) is an American actor known for his work on Broadway. Panaro was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and resided",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "849698",
"chunk_text": "\"The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film)\"\nin him\"\", Andrew Lloyd Webber explained. \"\"He's got to be a bit rough, a bit dangerous; not a conventional singer. Christine is attracted to the Phantom because he's the right side of danger.\"\" Director Joel Schumacher had been impressed with Gerard Butler's performance in \"\"Dracula 2000\"\". Prior to his audition, Butler had no professional singing experience and had only taken four voice lessons before singing \"\"The Music of the Night\"\" for Lloyd Webber. Katie Holmes, who began working with a vocal coach, was the front-runner for Christine Daaé in March 2003. She was later replaced by Anne Hathaway, a classically",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "428690",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Wilson (American actor)\"\nPatrick Wilson (American actor) Patrick Joseph Wilson (born July 3, 1973) is an American actor and singer. He spent his early career starring in Broadway musicals, beginning in 1995. He is a two-time Tony Award nominee for his roles in \"\"The Full Monty\"\" (2000–2001) and \"\"Oklahoma!\"\" (2002). In 2003, he appeared in the HBO miniseries \"\"Angels in America\"\" for which he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award and Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie. Wilson has also appeared in feature films such as \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" (2004), \"\"Hard Candy\"\" (2005),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14995977",
"chunk_text": "\"Love Never Dies (musical)\"\na rare-breed Turkish Van, climbed onto Lloyd Webber's Clavinova digital piano and managed to delete the entire score. Lloyd Webber was unable to recover any of it from the instrument, but was eventually able to reconstruct the score. In 2008, Lloyd Webber first announced that the sequel would likely be called \"\"Phantom: Once Upon Another Time\"\", and the first act was performed at his annual Sydmonton Festival. The Phantom was played by Ramin Karimloo and Raoul was played by Alistair Robbins. However, in September 2008, during the BBC's \"\"Birthday in the Park\"\" concert celebrating his 60th birthday, Lloyd Webber announced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8523201",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Barton\"\nin \"\"Company\"\". In 1986 he originated the role of Raoul in Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" in London, and in 1988 reprised that role in the original Broadway cast. Barton was married to swing dancer and choreographer Denny Berry, who served as dance supervisor for the North American productions of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", whom he met at college. A son, Edward, was born in Vienna in 1984; the couple separated at an unspecified later date. He was an Honorary Chairperson of the Steadman Hawkins Sports Medicine Foundation and an honorary member of the UTA Board",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10646220",
"chunk_text": "\"Claire Moore (singer)\"\nClaire Moore (singer) Claire Moore (2 January 1960 in Over Hulton, Bolton) is an English soprano singer and actress, best known for her leading role as Christine in Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" and as Ellen in \"\"Miss Saigon.\"\" The daughter of Peggy and Geoff Moore, the latter a jazz musician, she was educated at Hesketh Fletcher School, Atherton, and Leigh Sixth Form College, before operatic training at the Royal Northern College of Music. Her early work includes appearing alongside Richard Harris in the 1982 London production of \"\"Camelot\"\" and playing the lead role of Audrey in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "344445",
"chunk_text": "\"Barry James\"\nBarry James Barry James Tolentino Cruz is a stage actor and singer. He trained at the Guildford School of Acting. His stage roles include: James can be heard on cast recordings of \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", \"\"My Fair Lady\"\", \"\"She Loves Me\"\" and two Bernard J. Taylor musicals - \"\"Nosferatu the Vampire\"\" (in which he created the role of \"\"Renfeld\"\"), \"\"Much Ado\"\" in which he created the role of Leonato, and Monsieur Firmin in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera 25th Anniversary Concert\"\". He is also Thenardier in the 1988 symphonic cast recording of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". \"\"The Phantom of the Opera",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6237179",
"chunk_text": "\"Simon Bowman\"\nSimon Bowman Simon Bowman is a British actor and singer, born in, Cardiff and trained at Mountview Theatre School. He is best known for originating the role of Chris, opposite Lea Salonga's Kim, in the original production of \"\"Miss Saigon\"\" at Theatre Royal Drury Lane in the West End. Prior to that, he was Marius in Cameron Mackintosh/RSC's production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" at The Palace Theatre, returning there 14 years later in the role of Jean Valjean . After the success of Miss Saigon, he then played Raoul and then the Phantom in Andrew Lloyd Webber’s \"\"The Phantom of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15265123",
"chunk_text": "\"Simon Gleeson\"\nreleased his debut album, titled \"\"Elements\"\" in 2015. The track list consists of: In 2014, Gleeson was awarded a Helpmann Awards for his role as Jean Valjean in the Australian tour of \"\"Les Miserables\"\". He has been nominated for a Helpmann Award twice before for Sky in \"\"Mamma Mia!\"\", and Raoul in \"\"Love Never Dies\"\" and has been nominated several times for a Green Room Award. In London he was nominated for a Whatsonstage.com Award for \"\"The Far Pavilions\"\". Gleeson has also been nominated for a Glug Award. Simon Gleeson Simon Gleeson (born 13 January 1977) is an Australian actor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3374800",
"chunk_text": "\"Phantom of the Opera (1943 film)\"\nsewers of the Opera. Claudin steals a prop mask from the costume department to cover his now-disfigured face. Meanwhile, Inspector Raoul Dubert (Edgar Barrier) wants Christine to quit the Opera and marry him. But famed opera baritone Anatole Garron (Nelson Eddy) hopes to win Christine's heart. Christine considers them both good friends but doesn't openly express if she loves them. During a performance of the opera \"\"Amore et Gloire\"\", Claudin drugs a glass of wine which Biancarolli drinks and makes her collapse and unable to perform. The director puts Christine in her place and she dazzles both the audience and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19185096",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Carlile\"\nStephen Carlile Stephen Carlile (born Bath, Somerset, England) is a British actor well known for portraying the villain Scar in the 2013 European musical adaptation of the Disney film \"\"The Lion King\"\". Carlile was trained in acting at the Guildford School of Acting. Carlile has performed in many theatre works including \"\"The Go-Between\"\" as Viscount Trimingham, \"\"Evita\"\", \"\"The Producers\"\" as Lead Tenor, \"\"Peter Pan\"\" as Smee, \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", \"\"My Fair Lady\"\" as Freddy Eynsford-Hill, \"\"Next Door's Baby\"\" as Dickie O' Brien, \"\"The Pirates of Penzance\"\" as Frederic, \"\"Space Family Robinson\"\" and \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". Carlile has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20397523",
"chunk_text": "\"Celia Graham\"\nCelia Graham Celia Graham (born in 1976) is a musical theatre actor. She began her career at the age of 11 performing in Scottish Opera's Street Scene by Kurt Weill, at Glasgow's Theatre Royal. She is mostly known for playing Christine Daaé in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" in 2008 with John Owen-Jones and she took over the role from Sierra Boggess in \"\"Love Never Dies\"\" in 2011 in London's West End. Celia Graham has done recording for films and television programmes. Celia Graham was the last Christine Daaé in \"\"Love Never Dies\"\". She has done recording for \"\"Easy Virtue\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17089044",
"chunk_text": "\"Rachel Barrell\"\na dance school in Hertfordshire. Rachel Barrell Rachel Barrell (born 1980) is a British stage performer and singer known best for playing Christine in the West End production of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" from September 2004 until October 2006. She played the role for some time opposite London's longest running Phantom, John Owen-Jones, and was the Christine in his last performance, she also performed for the show's 18th and 20th anniversaries. In February 2007 she played young Sally in a special charity performance of \"\"Follies\"\". Rachel has also previously performed in the musicals \"\"Thoroughly Modern Millie\"\" and \"\"Beauty and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10064903",
"chunk_text": "\"Patrick Wilson (American actor)\"\nFree Clinic. Patrick Wilson (American actor) Patrick Joseph Wilson (born July 3, 1973) is an American actor and singer. He spent his early career starring in Broadway musicals, beginning in 1995. He is a two-time Tony Award nominee for his roles in \"\"The Full Monty\"\" (2000–2001) and \"\"Oklahoma!\"\" (2002). In 2003, he appeared in the HBO miniseries \"\"Angels in America\"\" for which he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award and Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie. Wilson has also appeared in feature films such as \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" (2004), \"\"Hard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14453083",
"chunk_text": "\"William Michals\"\nWilliam Michals William Paul Michals is an American stage actor and baritone singer. He has appeared as Emile de Becque in Rogers and Hammerstein’s SOUTH PACIFIC at Lincoln Center. He made his Broadway debut as “The Beast” in Disney’s BEAUTY AND THE BEAST, and later returned to play Gaston in the same production. His career continued with roles as Javert in LES MISÉRABLES, Billy Flynn in CHICAGO, Don Quixote in MAN OF LA MANCHA, Harold Hill in THE MUSIC MAN, the title role in PHANTOM OF THE OPERA and SWEENEY TODD: THE DEMON BARBER OF FLEET STREET, and recently appeared",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17671974",
"chunk_text": "\"Wynne Evans\"\ngame at White Hart Lane. Born in Carmarthen, West Wales, Evans studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama and the National Opera Studio. In late 2011 Evans was cast as the opera singer Ubaldo Piangi, in the 25th Anniversary celebratory production of Andrew Lloyd Webber's \"\"The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall\"\" Evans enjoys a close association with Welsh National Opera where his roles include Nemorino in \"\"L'elisir d'amore\"\", Cassio in \"\"Otello\"\" (S4C Broadcast), The Duke in \"\"Rigoletto\"\", Rodolfo in \"\"La bohème\"\", Pedrillo in \"\"Die Entführung aus dem Serail\"\", Tamino in \"\"Die Zauberflöte\"\", Alfredo in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20498508",
"chunk_text": "\"Robyn North\"\nRobyn North Robyn North (born 16 September 1983) is a soprano English musical theatre actress. She trained at the Sandy Gray School of Dancing, and the London Studio Centre on full scholarship. Robyn is married to Neil Franklin. North received a 2008 Whatsonstage.com Theatregoers Choice Award nomination for Best Takeover in a Role, for her portrayal of Christine Daaé in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". Her long association with the show began for her at the age of 19 when she understudied and played the role on numerous occasions. She later took over as Alternate Christine, and in 2007 she",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "516084",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael Xavier\"\nMichael Xavier Michael Xavier (born 27 November 1977) is a two-time Laurence Olivier Award-nominated English actor and singer. Xavier attended St. Francis Xavier's College in Liverpool, Knutsford High School in Cheshire, and ultimately completed his professional acting training at the Manchester Metropolitan University in 1999. His first professional role was in the musical comedy \"\"Pageant\"\" at London's Vaudeville Theatre in 2000. Xavier has worked in lead roles on stage in the United Kingdom for nearly 15 years. Notable productions in which he has appeared include \"\"Miss Saigon\"\", \"\"My Fair Lady\"\", \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\", \"\"Oklahoma!\"\", and \"\"The Sound of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11525099",
"chunk_text": "\"David Firth (actor)\"\nShelley\"\", \"\"Home James!\"\" and \"\"Sorry, I'm a Stranger Here Myself\"\". David Firth (actor) David Firth (born 15 March 1945) is an English actor, writer and singer for stage, film and television. Firth was a member of the original cast of \"\"Phantom of the Opera\"\" with Michael Crawford and Sarah Brightman. David Firth (born David Coleman) was born in Bedford on 15 March 1945. He was educated at Bedford Modern School, the University of Sussex and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama. Firth was with the Royal Shakespeare Company (1967–70), the Royal National Theatre (1973) and part of the original",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11907417",
"chunk_text": "\"Earl Carpenter\"\nto watch online. Reelkandi was founded by Earl Carpenter, a West End theatre stage actor who played the lead role in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" and who in August 2014 featured in the Broadway version of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Earl Carpenter Earl Carpenter (born 9 May 1970) is an English musical theatre actor, recognised chiefly for his work in London's West End. He is known for his performances as Javert in the stage musical \"\"Les Misérables\"\" and as the Phantom in the London production of \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". He recently starred played the Phantom in the 25th Anniversary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_674
|
who discovered that neural communication between cells occurs through chemicals?
|
n/a
|
[
"Charles Sherrington"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3435351",
"chunk_text": "Neurotransmitter\nthe synaptic cleft, was discovered. The presence of such a gap suggested communication via chemical messengers traversing the synaptic cleft, and in 1921 German pharmacologist Otto Loewi (1873–1961) confirmed that neurons can communicate by releasing chemicals. Through a series of experiments involving the vagus nerves of frogs, Loewi was able to manually slow the heart rate of frogs by controlling the amount of saline solution present around the vagus nerve. Upon completion of this experiment, Loewi asserted that sympathetic regulation of cardiac function can be mediated through changes in chemical concentrations. Furthermore, Otto Loewi is credited with discovering acetylcholine (ACh)—the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11421579",
"chunk_text": "\"Nervous system\"\nbecame possible to examine them using a microscope. The author Michael Nikoletseas wrote: \"\"It is difficult to believe that until approximately year 1900 it was not known that neurons are the basic units of the brain (Santiago Ramón y Cajal). Equally surprising is the fact that the concept of chemical transmission in the brain was not known until around 1930 (Henry Hallett Dale and Otto Loewi). We began to understand the basic electrical phenomenon that neurons use in order to communicate among themselves, the action potential, in the 1950s (Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, Andrew Huxley and John Eccles). It was in",
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"chunk_id": "15388323",
"chunk_text": "Synapse\nSynapse In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell. Santiago Ramón y Cajal proposed that neurons are not continuous throughout the body, yet still communicate with each other, an idea known as the neuron doctrine. The word \"\"synapse\"\" – from the Greek \"\"synapsis\"\" (), meaning \"\"conjunction\"\", in turn from ( (\"\"together\"\") and (\"\"to fasten\"\")) – was introduced in 1897 by the English neurophysiologist Charles Sherrington in Michael Foster's \"\"Textbook of Physiology\"\". Sherrington struggled to find a",
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"chunk_id": "12769211",
"chunk_text": "\"Chemical synapse\"\ndepend on the input of many different neurons, each of which may have a different degree of influence, depending on the strength and type of synapse with that neuron. John Carew Eccles performed some of the important early experiments on synaptic integration, for which he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1963. Complex input/output relationships form the basis of transistor-based computations in computers, and are thought to figure similarly in neural circuits. When a neurotransmitter is released at a synapse, it reaches its highest concentration inside the narrow space of the synaptic cleft, but some of it",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
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{
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"chunk_id": "3435350",
"chunk_text": "Neurotransmitter\nin either an inhibitory or excitatory way. This neuron may be connected to many more neurons, and if the total of excitatory influences are greater than those of inhibitory influences, the neuron will also \"\"fire\"\". Ultimately it will create a new action potential at its axon hillock to release neurotransmitters and pass on the information to yet another neighboring neuron. Until the early 20th century, scientists assumed that the majority of synaptic communication in the brain was electrical. However, through the careful histological examinations by Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), a 20 to 40 nm gap between neurons, known today as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
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"chunk_id": "12769217",
"chunk_text": "\"Chemical synapse\"\nand Paul Fatt observed spontaneous miniature synaptic currents at the frog neuromuscular junction. Based on these observations, they developed the 'quantal hypothesis' that is the basis for our current understanding of neurotransmitter release as exocytosis and for which Katz received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970. In the late 1960s, Ricardo Miledi and Katz advanced the hypothesis that depolarization-induced influx of calcium ions triggers exocytosis. Chemical synapse Chemical synapses are biological junctions through which neurons' signals can be exchanged to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands. Chemical synapses allow neurons",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 5
},
{
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"chunk_id": "77507",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen J Smith\"\nStephen J Smith Stephen J Smith is a Senior Investigator at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. Previously, Dr. Smith was Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology at the Stanford University School of Medicine. In 1990, Smith published an article in the journal \"\"Science\"\", which proposed that certain glial cells in the human brain known as astrocytes would be able to communicate through chemical signals, rather than electrical. By utilizing the neurotransmitter glutamate, he was able to show that these cells, which had once been perceived as inert tissue between neurons, in fact were actively communicating with the rest of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20738188",
"chunk_text": "\"Neural circuit\"\nNeural circuit A neural circuit, is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated. Neural circuits interconnect to one another to form large scale brain networks. Biological neural networks have inspired the design of artificial neural networks. Early treatments of neural networks can be found in Herbert Spencer's \"\"Principles of Psychology\"\", 3rd edition (1872), Theodor Meynert's \"\"Psychiatry\"\" (1884), William James' \"\"Principles of Psychology\"\" (1890), and Sigmund Freud's Project for a Scientific Psychology (composed 1895). The first rule of neuronal learning was described by Hebb in 1949, in the Hebbian theory. Thus, Hebbian pairing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13427288",
"chunk_text": "\"Mind uploading\"\nby way of connectors called axons and dendrites. Signals at the junctures (synapses) of these connections are transmitted by the release and detection of chemicals known as neurotransmitters. The established neuroscientific consensus is that the human mind is largely an emergent property of the information processing of this neural network. Neuroscientists have stated that important functions performed by the mind, such as learning, memory, and consciousness, are due to purely physical and electrochemical processes in the brain and are governed by applicable laws. For example, Christof Koch and Giulio Tononi wrote in \"\"IEEE Spectrum\"\": The concept of mind uploading is",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19141520",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice M. Rapport\"\nthe Albert Einstein College of Medicine as a visiting professor. Because of this work with serotonin, Rapport was awarded the Fulbright Scholarship in 1952 to study with Dr. Daniel Bovet, who later won a Nobel Prize for his work in pharmacology. Maurice M. Rapport Maurice Rapport (23 September 1919 – 18 August 2011) was a biochemist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter serotonin. Rapport, Irvine H. Page, and Arda A. Green worked together to isolate and name the chemical. Alone, Rapport identified its structure and published his findings in 1948. Research since its discovery has implicated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18854674",
"chunk_text": "\"Neural circuit\"\nof neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's. Neural circuit A neural circuit, is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated. Neural circuits interconnect to one another to form large scale brain networks. Biological neural networks have inspired the design of artificial neural networks. Early treatments of neural networks can be found in Herbert Spencer's \"\"Principles of Psychology\"\", 3rd edition (1872), Theodor Meynert's \"\"Psychiatry\"\" (1884), William James' \"\"Principles of Psychology\"\" (1890), and Sigmund Freud's Project for a Scientific Psychology (composed 1895). The first rule of neuronal learning was described by Hebb in 1949, in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7421588",
"chunk_text": "\"Molecular neuroscience\"\nautoradiography. The presence of neurotransmitters (though not necessarily the location) can be observed in enzyme-linked immunocytochemistry or enzyme--linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in which substrate-binding in the enzymatic assays can induce precipitates, fluorophores, or chemiluminescence. In the event that neurotransmitters cannot be histochemically identified, an alternative method is to locate them by their neural uptake mechanisms. Excitable cells in living organisms have voltage-gated ion channels. These can be observed throughout the nervous system in neurons. The first ion channels to be characterized were the sodium and potassium ion channels by A.L. Hodgkin and A.F. Huxley in the 1950s upon studying the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7219024",
"chunk_text": "\"Otto Loewi\"\nOtto Loewi Otto Loewi (3 June 1873 – 25 December 1961) was a German-born pharmacologist and psychobiologist who discovered the role of acetylcholine as an endogenous neurotransmitter. For his discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1936, which he shared with Sir Henry Dale, who was a lifelong friend who helped to inspire the neurotransmitter experiment. Loewi met Dale in 1902 when spending some months in Ernest Starling's laboratory at University College, London. Loewi was born in Frankfurt, Germany on June 3, 1873 in a Jewish family. He went to study medicine at the University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "11923",
"chunk_text": "Brain\nof neurons, each with its own unique dendritic structure and pattern of connectivity. In the first half of the 20th century, advances in electronics enabled investigation of the electrical properties of nerve cells, culminating in work by Alan Hodgkin, Andrew Huxley, and others on the biophysics of the action potential, and the work of Bernard Katz and others on the electrochemistry of the synapse. These studies complemented the anatomical picture with a conception of the brain as a dynamic entity. Reflecting the new understanding, in 1942 Charles Sherrington visualized the workings of the brain waking from sleep: The invention of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "18250403",
"chunk_text": "\"Systems biology\"\nof the theorists who can be seen as one of the precursors of systems biology is Ludwig von Bertalanffy with his general systems theory. One of the first numerical simulations in cell biology was published in 1952 by the British neurophysiologists and Nobel prize winners Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Fielding Huxley, who constructed a mathematical model that explained the action potential propagating along the axon of a neuronal cell. Their model described a cellular function emerging from the interaction between two different molecular components, a potassium and a sodium channel, and can therefore be seen as the beginning of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17822226",
"chunk_text": "\"Paul Greengard\"\nannual prize is awarded to an outstanding woman conducting biomedical research. Paul Greengard won first place in a potato-sack race at a Boy Scout Jamboree in New York. Paul Greengard Paul Greengard (born December 11, 1925) is an American neuroscientist best known for his work on the molecular and cellular function of neurons. In 2000, Greengard, Arvid Carlsson and Eric Kandel were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system. He is currently Vincent Astor Professor at Rockefeller University, and serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Cure Alzheimer's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3342151",
"chunk_text": "\"Alan Lloyd Hodgkin\"\nchannels on cell membranes, which were confirmed only decades later. Confirmation of ion channels came with the development of the patch clamp leading to a Nobel prize in 1991 for Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann, and in 2003 for Roderick MacKinnon. Hodgkin was also the discoverer of cell membrane depolarisation sequence now known as the Hodgkin cycle. Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, Andrew Fielding Huxley, and John Carew Eccles (for his research on synapses) were jointly awarded the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \"\"for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2855976",
"chunk_text": "\"Electrical synapse\"\nsuggests that both models are physiologically significant; it could be said that the Nobel committee acted with great foresight in awarding the Prize jointly. There was substantial debate on whether the transmission of information between neurons was chemical or electrical in the first decades of the twentieth century, but chemical synaptic transmission was seen as the only answer after Otto Loewi's demonstration of chemical communication between neurons and heart muscle. Thus, the discovery of electrical communication was surprising. Electrical synapses were first demonstrated between escape-related giant neurons in crayfish in the late 1950s, and were later found in vertebrates. Electrical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18873755",
"chunk_text": "Neurochemistry\nNeurochemistry Neurochemistry is the study of neurochemicals, including neurotransmitters and other molecules such as psychopharmaceuticals and neuropeptides, that influence the function of neurons. This field within neuroscience examines how neurochemicals influence the operation of neurons, synapses, and neural networks. Neurochemists analyze the biochemistry and molecular biology of organic compounds in the nervous system, and their roles in such neural processes as cortical plasticity, neurogenesis, and neural differentiation. In the 1950s, neurochemistry became a recognized scientific research discipline. The founding of neurochemistry as a discipline traces it origins to a series of \"\"International Neurochemical Symposia\"\", of which the first symposium volume",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14243410",
"chunk_text": "Autopharmacology\nto the concept of autopharmacology began with British physiologist and pharmacologist Henry Dale in the 1910s, discovered the role of acetylcholine in synaptic transmission, and later proved by Austrian physiologist Otto Loewi, to be the neurotransmitter involved in the proximal synapses of the autonomic nervous system (initially named \"\"Vagusstoff\"\" by Loewi, and later identified as acetylcholine). The same happened to another autonomic neurotransmitter, noradrenaline (\"\"Akzeleransstoff\"\" by Loewi), which later proved to be chemically similar to a long used pharmacological agent, adrenaline, a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands. Both scientists were awarded the 1936 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3557311",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Kuffler\"\nStephen Kuffler Stephen William Kuffler (August 24 Tap, Hungary, 1913 – October 11, 1980) was a pre-eminent Hungarian-American neurophysiologist. He is often referred to as the \"\"Father of Modern Neuroscience\"\". Kuffler, alongside noted Nobel Laureates Sir John Eccles and Sir Bernard Katz gave research lectures at the University of Sydney, strongly influencing its intellectual environment while working at Sydney Hospital. He founded the Harvard Neurobiology department in 1966, and made numerous seminal contributions to our understanding of vision, neural coding, and the neural implementation of behavior. He is known for his research on neuromuscular junctions in frogs, presynaptic inhibition, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19141514",
"chunk_text": "\"Maurice M. Rapport\"\nMaurice M. Rapport Maurice Rapport (23 September 1919 – 18 August 2011) was a biochemist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter serotonin. Rapport, Irvine H. Page, and Arda A. Green worked together to isolate and name the chemical. Alone, Rapport identified its structure and published his findings in 1948. Research since its discovery has implicated serotonin with mood regulation, appetite, sexual drive, and sleep as well as gastrointestinal roles. After his work with serotonin, Rapport did important research with cancer, cardiovascular disease, connective-tissue disease and demyelinating diseases. Maurice Rapoport was born on September 23, 1919 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767588",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph Erlanger\"\nJoseph Erlanger Joseph Erlanger (January 5, 1874 – December 5, 1965) was an American physiologist who is best known for his contributions to the field of neuroscience. Together with Herbert Spencer Gasser, he identified several varieties of nerve fiber and established the relationship between action potential velocity and fiber diameter. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for these achievements. Erlanger was born on January 5, 1874, at San Francisco, California. His family was Jewish and his parents both immigrated from the Kingdom of Württemberg, Germany and met in California during the Gold Rush. Joseph",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
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"chunk_id": "928012",
"chunk_text": "Neuroethology\nresearch also led him to hypothesize that every muscular activation is coupled to an inhibition of the opposing muscle. He was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work in 1932 along with Lord Edgar Adrian who made the first physiological recordings of neural activity from single nerve fibers. Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley (born 1914 and 1917, respectively, in Great Britain), are known for their collaborative effort to understand the production of action potentials in the giant axons of squid. The pair also proposed the existence of ion channels to facilitate action potential initiation, and were awarded the Nobel Prize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13393843",
"chunk_text": "\"Joseph Erlanger\"\non the moon after him. Joseph Erlanger Joseph Erlanger (January 5, 1874 – December 5, 1965) was an American physiologist who is best known for his contributions to the field of neuroscience. Together with Herbert Spencer Gasser, he identified several varieties of nerve fiber and established the relationship between action potential velocity and fiber diameter. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for these achievements. Erlanger was born on January 5, 1874, at San Francisco, California. His family was Jewish and his parents both immigrated from the Kingdom of Württemberg, Germany and met in California",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8373005",
"chunk_text": "\"Cell polarity\"\nbe distinguished: cells that are able to polarize spontaneously and cells that establish polarity based on intrinsic or environmental cues. Spontaneous symmetry breaking can be explained by amplification of stochastic fluctuations of molecules due to non-linear chemical kinetics. The mathematical basis for this biological phenomenon was established by Alan Turing in his 1953 paper 'The chemical basis of morphogensis'. While Turing initially attempted to explain pattern formation in a multicellular system, similar mechanisms can also be applied to intracellular pattern formation. Briefly, if a network of at least two interacting chemicals (in this case proteins) exhibits certain types of reaction",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11954342",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale's principle\"\nDale's principle In neuroscience, Dale's principle (or Dale's law) is a rule attributed to the English neuroscientist Henry Hallett Dale. The principle basically states that a neuron performs the same chemical action at all of its synaptic connections to other cells, regardless of the identity of the target cell. However, there has been disagreement about the precise wording. Because of an ambiguity in the original statement, there are actually two versions of the principle, one that has been shown definitively to be false, and another that remains a valuable rule of thumb. The term \"\"Dale's Principle\"\" was first used by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3557314",
"chunk_text": "\"Stephen Kuffler\"\nKuffler.' Stephen Kuffler Stephen William Kuffler (August 24 Tap, Hungary, 1913 – October 11, 1980) was a pre-eminent Hungarian-American neurophysiologist. He is often referred to as the \"\"Father of Modern Neuroscience\"\". Kuffler, alongside noted Nobel Laureates Sir John Eccles and Sir Bernard Katz gave research lectures at the University of Sydney, strongly influencing its intellectual environment while working at Sydney Hospital. He founded the Harvard Neurobiology department in 1966, and made numerous seminal contributions to our understanding of vision, neural coding, and the neural implementation of behavior. He is known for his research on neuromuscular junctions in frogs, presynaptic inhibition,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10090740",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Kandel\"\nEric Kandel Eric Richard Kandel (; born November 7, 1929) is an Austrian-American neuroscientist and a University Professor of biochemistry and biophysics at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University. He was a recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on the physiological basis of memory storage in neurons. He shared the prize with Arvid Carlsson and Paul Greengard. Kandel, who had studied psychoanalysis, wanted to understand how memory works. Following the advice of his mentor Harry Grundfest, Kandel pursued a reductionist approach to studying the nervous system, searching for subject animals",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12769195",
"chunk_text": "\"Chemical synapse\"\nin the human cerebral cortex has separately been estimated at 0.15 quadrillion (150 trillion) The word \"\"synapse\"\" comes from \"\"synaptein\"\", which Sir Charles Scott Sherrington and colleagues coined from the Greek \"\"syn-\"\" (\"\"together\"\") and \"\"haptein\"\" (\"\"to clasp\"\"). Chemical synapses are not the only type of biological synapse: electrical and immunological synapses also exist. Without a qualifier, however, \"\"synapse\"\" commonly means chemical synapse. Synapses are functional connections between neurons, or between neurons and other types of cells. A typical neuron gives rise to several thousand synapses, although there are some types that make far fewer. Most synapses connect axons to dendrites,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7443974",
"chunk_text": "\"History of animal testing\"\nionic bath. He stimulated the attached Vagus nerve of the first heart and observed its beating slowed. When the second heart was placed in the ionic bath of the first, it also slowed. In the 1920s, Edgar Adrian formulated the theory of neural communication that the frequency of action potentials, and not the size of the action potentials, was the basis for communicating the magnitude of the signal. His work was performed in an isolated frog nerve-muscle preparation. Adrian was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work. In the 1960s David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel demonstrated the macro columnar organization",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11375864",
"chunk_text": "Vagusstoff\nVagusstoff Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as \"\"Vagus Substance\"\") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate. Discovered in 1921 by physiologist Otto Loewi, \"\"vagusstoff\"\" was the first confirmation of chemical synaptic transmission and the first neurotransmitter ever discovered. It was later confirmed to be acetylcholine, which was first identified by Sir Henry Hallett Dale in 1914. Because of his pioneering experiments, in 1936 Loewi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, which he shared with Dale. By the time Loewi began his experiments there was much",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7219036",
"chunk_text": "\"Otto Loewi\"\nof this test was subsequently investigated. The mechanism of action of this phenomenon is unclear, but has been attributed to \"\"probably due to a functional toxic disturbance of the\"\" sympathetic postganlionic neurone innervating the iris. Otto Loewi Otto Loewi (3 June 1873 – 25 December 1961) was a German-born pharmacologist and psychobiologist who discovered the role of acetylcholine as an endogenous neurotransmitter. For his discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1936, which he shared with Sir Henry Dale, who was a lifelong friend who helped to inspire the neurotransmitter experiment. Loewi met Dale in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19689497",
"chunk_text": "\"Bertil Hille\"\nBertil Hille Bertil Hille (born October 10, 1940) is a professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at the University of Washington. He is particularly well known for his research and expertise on cell signalling by ion channels. Hille was born in New Haven, Connecticut. His father is Carl Einar Hille, a Yale math professor and a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He attended the Foote School and Westminster School (Connecticut) and received his B.S. \"\"summa cum laude\"\" in Zoology from Yale University (1962) and his Ph.D. in Life",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4042798",
"chunk_text": "\"Nervous system\"\nwould not exist without the human brain. Most neurons send signals via their axons, although some types are capable of dendrite-to-dendrite communication. (In fact, the types of neurons called amacrine cells have no axons, and communicate only via their dendrites.) Neural signals propagate along an axon in the form of electrochemical waves called action potentials, which produce cell-to-cell signals at points where axon terminals make synaptic contact with other cells. Synapses may be electrical or chemical. Electrical synapses make direct electrical connections between neurons, but chemical synapses are much more common, and much more diverse in function. At a chemical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11488438",
"chunk_text": "\"Erwin Neher\"\nErwin Neher Erwin Neher (; ; born 20 March 1944) is a German biophysicist, specializing in the field of cell physiology. For significant contribution in the field, in 1991 he was awarded, along with Bert Sakmann, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for \"\"their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells\"\". Neher was born in Landsberg am Lech, Upper Bavaria, the son of Elisabeth (née Pfeiffer), a teacher, and Franz Xaver Neher, an executive at a dairy company. He studied physics at the Technical University of Munich from 1963 to 1966. In 1966, he was awarded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18804553",
"chunk_text": "\"Theodor Schwann\"\n\"\"Microscopical researches\"\", Schwann introduced the term \"\"metabolism\"\", which he first used in the German adjectival form \"\"metabolische\"\" to describe the chemical action of cells. French texts in the 1860s began to use \"\"le métabolisme\"\". \"\"Metabolism\"\" was introduced into English by Michael Foster in his \"\"Textbook of Physiology\"\" in 1878. Theodor Schwann Theodor Schwann (; 7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German physician and physiologist. His most significant contribution to biology is considered to be the extension of cell theory to animals. Other contributions include the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5970786",
"chunk_text": "\"Derek Richter\"\nDerek Richter Derek Richter (14 January 1907 – 15 December 1995), English neuroscientist, was one of the founding fathers of the science of brain chemistry. Identifying monoamine oxidase and demonstrating its function in the brain early in his career, he became a prime mover in his field. In 1968 he was involved in the foundation of the British Brain Research Organization (BRA). Prior to this he helped to establish the Mental Health Research Fund, later renamed The Mental Health Foundation,(1949). He also established the Journal of Neurochemistry (1956), of which he was one of the chief editors from 1956 to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14864664",
"chunk_text": "\"Theodore Holmes Bullock\"\nTheodore Holmes Bullock Theodore Holmes Bullock (16 May 1915 – 20 December 2005) is one of the founding fathers of neuroethology. During a career spanning nearly seven decades, this American academic was esteemed both as a pioneering and influential neuroscientist, examining the physiology and evolution of the nervous system across organizational levels, and as a champion of the comparative approach, studying species from nearly all major animal groups—coelenterates, annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, molluscs, and chordates. Bullock discovered the pit organ in pit vipers and electroreceptors in weakly electric fish, as well as other electrosensory animals. His work on the jamming avoidance",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5377831",
"chunk_text": "\"Julius Axelrod\"\nJulius Axelrod Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912 – December 29, 2004) was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler. The Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the release and reuptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters, a class of chemicals in the brain that include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and, as was later discovered, dopamine. Axelrod also made major contributions to the understanding of the pineal gland and how it is regulated during the sleep-wake cycle. Axelrod was born in New York City, the son",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1689475",
"chunk_text": "\"Chemoaffinity hypothesis\"\nChemoaffinity hypothesis The Chemoaffinity hypothesis states that neurons make connections with their targets based on interactions with specific molecular markers and, therefore, that the initial wiring diagram of an organism is (indirectly) determined by its genotype. The markers are generated during cellular differentiation and aid not only with synaptogenesis, but also act as guidance cues for their respective axon. Roger Wolcott Sperry pioneered the inception of the Chemoaffinity Hypothesis following his 1960s experiments on the African Clawed Frog. He removed the eye of a frog and rotated it 180°, Sperry then replaced the eye and the visual nervous system repaired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8593197",
"chunk_text": "\"G protein\"\nalso been shown to be \"\"pre-coupled\"\" with G proteins. The G protein activates a cascade of further signaling events that finally results in a change in cell function. G protein-coupled receptor and G proteins working together transmit signals from many hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling factors. G proteins regulate metabolic enzymes, ion channels, transporter proteins, and other parts of the cell machinery, controlling transcription, motility, contractility, and secretion, which in turn regulate diverse systemic functions such as embryonic development, learning and memory, and homeostasis. G proteins were discovered when Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell investigated stimulation of cells by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "474505",
"chunk_text": "\"Betty Twarog\"\nBetty Twarog Betty Mack Twarog (August 28, 1927 – February 6, 2013) was an American biochemist who was the first to find serotonin in mammalian brain. Betty M Twarog was born on August 28, 1927 in New York City. She attended Swarthmore College from 1944 to 1948, focusing on mathematics. While studying for an M.Sc. at Tufts College she heard a lecture on mollusc muscle neurology and in 1949 enrolled under John Welsh in the PhD program at Harvard to study this area. By 1952 she had submitted a paper showing that serotonin had a role as a neurotransmitter in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15250569",
"chunk_text": "Neuroscience\nDepartment of Neurobiology at Harvard Medical School which was founded in 1966 by Stephen Kuffler. The understanding of neurons and of nervous system function became increasingly precise and molecular during the 20th century. For example, in 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, which they called \"\"action potentials\"\", and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin–Huxley model. In 1961–1962, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin–Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh–Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14857382",
"chunk_text": "\"David Ginty\"\nDavid Ginty Dr. David D. Ginty (born 1962) is an American neuroscientist and developmental biologist. David graduated from Mount Saint Mary's College and received his PH.D. degree in physiology from East Carolina University for graduate work with Edward Seidel, on the regulation of polyamine compounds and their metabolism during cell growth and proliferation. Moving to Boston, David completed his postdoctoral research, first, with John Wagner at the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute at Harvard Medical School, and then with Michael Greenberg at Harvard Medical School, where he made several seminal contributions to signal transduction and growth factor signaling in neurons. In 1995,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11547535",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Scott Sherrington\"\nBirmingham, Glasgow, and the University of Wales. Charles Scott Sherrington Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (27 November 1857 – 4 March 1952) was an English neurophysiologist, histologist, bacteriologist, and a pathologist, Nobel laureate and president of the Royal Society in the early 1920s. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, in 1932 for their work on the functions of neurons. Prior to the work of Sherrington and Adrian, it was widely accepted that reflexes occurred as isolated activity within a reflex arc. Sherrington received the prize for showing that reflexes require integrated activation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17068911",
"chunk_text": "\"Otto Deiters\"\nOtto Deiters Otto Friedrich Karl Deiters (; November 15, 1834 – December 5, 1863) was a German neuroanatomist. He was born in Bonn, studied at the University of Bonn, and spent most of his professional career in Bonn. He is remembered for his microscopic research of the brain and spinal cord. Around 1860, Deiters provided the most comprehensive description of a nerve cell that was known to exist at the time. He identified the cells' axon, which he called an \"\"axis cylinder\"\", and its dendrites, which he referred to as protoplasmic processes. He postulated that dendrites must fuse to form",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20696718",
"chunk_text": "\"Cellular neuroscience\"\nbetween two cells in close apposition to one another. In a synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is the presynaptic neuron and the target cell receives that signal is the postsynaptic neuron or cell. Synapses can be either electrical or chemical. Electrical synapses are characterized by the formation of gap junctions that allow ions and other organic compound to instantaneously pass from one cell to another. Chemical synapses are characterized by the presynaptic release of neurotransmitters that diffuse across a synaptic cleft to bind with postsynaptic receptors. A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that is synthesized within neurons themselves",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658631",
"chunk_text": "\"Arda Green\"\nSinai Hospital's pediatric department. Green received the Garvan-Olin Medal from the American Chemical Society in autumn 1957 and it was formally awarded posthumously in April 1958. Green died in January 1958, from breast cancer, at the age of 58. Arda Green Arda Alden Green (May 7, 1899 – January 22, 1958) was an American biochemist who co-discovered the neurotransmitter serotonin and discovered the reaction responsible for firefly bioluminescence. She is also known for contributing to Gerty Cori and Carl Cori's elucidation of the Cori Cycle and showing how pH affects hemoglobin's ability to bind and transport oxygen. She received the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20658626",
"chunk_text": "\"Arda Green\"\nArda Green Arda Alden Green (May 7, 1899 – January 22, 1958) was an American biochemist who co-discovered the neurotransmitter serotonin and discovered the reaction responsible for firefly bioluminescence. She is also known for contributing to Gerty Cori and Carl Cori's elucidation of the Cori Cycle and showing how pH affects hemoglobin's ability to bind and transport oxygen. She received the Garvan-Olin Medal from the American Chemical Society for her work. Arda Green was born in Prospect, Pennsylvania, daughter of Vennis A. Green and Melva Stevenson Green. Her father taught chemistry, and her sister Metta Clare Green (Loomis) earned a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_675
|
who has the most ncaa basketball tournament appearances?
|
n/a
|
[
"Kentucky"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20889637",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\ngames of the tournament (not including the First Four games) With 11 national titles, UCLA has the record for the most NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championships; John Wooden coached UCLA to 10 of its 11 titles. The University of Kentucky (UK) is second, with eight national titles. The University of North Carolina is third, with six national titles, and Duke University and Indiana University are tied for fourth with five national titles. The University of Connecticut is sixth with four national titles. The University of Kansas (KU) & Villanova are tied for 7th with three national titles. Since 1985,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20889638",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nwhen the tournament expanded to 64 teams, Duke has won five championships; North Carolina and Connecticut have each won four; Kentucky & Villanova have three; Kansas & Florida have two; and UCLA, Indiana, Michigan State, and Louisville have one. During that time Villanova, Michigan, UNLV, Duke, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Maryland, Syracuse, and Florida all won their first championships. The NCAA has changed the tournament format several times since its inception, most often representing an increase of the number of teams. This section describes the tournament as it has operated since 2011. A total of 68 teams qualify for the tournament",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16385701",
"chunk_text": "\"Louisville Cardinals men's basketball\"\nschools. From 1944 to 1990, Louisville had an NCAA-record 46 straight winning seasons, winning 20 or more games on 31 occasions during that period. Louisville has made 42 NCAA Tournament appearances (5th all-time) and 14 NIT appearances. The Cardinals have reached the NCAA Tournament 32 of the last 40 years (12 of the last 15, 14 of the last 18 years, 20 of last 25). Since the NCAA began keeping Sweet Sixteen appearance records in 1975, Louisville's 21 Sweet Sixteens are 5th all-time behind North Carolina (26), Kentucky (25), Duke (24), and Kansas (22). The Cardinals have reached the Elite",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12214735",
"chunk_text": "\"Texas Longhorns men's basketball\"\nboth all-time wins and all-time win percentage. The Longhorns have won 27 total conference championships in men's basketball and have made 34 total appearances in the NCAA Tournament (11th-most appearances all time, with a 35–37 overall record), reaching the NCAA Final Four three times (1943, 1947, 2003) and the NCAA Regional Finals (Elite Eight) seven times. As of the end of the 2017–18 season, Texas ranks sixth among all Division I men's basketball programs for total NCAA Tournament games won without having won the national championship (35), trailing Kansas State (37), Notre Dame (38), Purdue (39), Illinois (40), and Oklahoma",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10931087",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\n2nd place all-time with UCLA), 12 NCAA Championship games, and has won 8 NCAA championships (second only to UCLA's 11). In addition to these titles, Kentucky won the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in both 1946 and 1976, making it the only school to win multiple NCAA and NIT championships. Kentucky also leads all schools with sixty-two 20-win seasons, fifteen 30-win seasons, and six 35-win seasons. Throughout its history, the Kentucky basketball program has featured many notable and successful players, both on the collegiate level and the professional level. Kentucky holds the record for the most NBA Draft selections (125) as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17321636",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\ntournament, three other teams have played the Final Four in their \"\"home cities\"\", one other team has played in its \"\"metropolitan area\"\", and six additional teams have played the Final Four in their \"\"home states\"\" through the 2015 tournament. Kentucky (1958 in Louisville), UCLA (1968 and 1972 in Los Angeles, 1975 in San Diego), and North Carolina State (1974 in Greensboro) won the national title; Louisville (1959 at its home arena, Freedom Hall); Purdue (1980 in Indianapolis) lost in the Final Four; and California (1960 in suburban San Francisco), Duke (1994 in Charlotte), Michigan State (2009 in Detroit), and Butler",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10931086",
"chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nKentucky Wildcats men's basketball The Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team is an American college basketball team that represents the University of Kentucky. Kentucky is the most successful NCAA Division I basketball program in history in terms of both all-time wins (2,263) and all-time winning percentage (.764). The Wildcats are currently coached by John Calipari. Kentucky leads all schools in total NCAA tournament appearances (58), NCAA tournament wins (126), NCAA Tournament games played (177), NCAA Sweet Sixteen appearances (43), NCAA Elite Eight appearances (37), and total postseason tournament appearances (65). Further, Kentucky has played in 17 NCAA Final Fours (tied for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11696086",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Krzyzewski\"\nMike Krzyzewski Michael William Krzyzewski ( ; nicknamed \"\"Coach K\"\"; born February 13, 1947) is an American college basketball coach and former player. Since 1980, he has served as the head men's basketball coach at Duke University, where he has led the Blue Devils to five NCAA Championships, 12 Final Fours, 12 ACC regular season titles, and 14 ACC Tournament championships. Among men's college basketball coaches, only UCLA's John Wooden, with 10, has won more NCAA Championships. Krzyzewski was also the coach of the United States men's national basketball team, which he has led to three gold medals at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17321670",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nwinner): Rick Pitino is the only coach to have officially taken three different teams to the Final Four: Providence (1987), Kentucky (1993, 1996, 1997) and Louisville (2005). There are 12 coaches who have officially coached two different schools to the Final Four -- Roy Williams, Eddie Sutton, Frank McGuire, Lon Kruger, Hugh Durham, Jack Gardner, Lute Olson, Gene Bartow, Forddy Anderson, Lee Rose, Bob Huggins, and Lou Henson. Point differentials, or margin of victory, can be viewed either by the championship game, or by a team's performance over the whole tournament. 30 points, by UNLV in 1990 (103–73, over Duke)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "135677",
"chunk_text": "\"Sean Miller\"\nseason: 21 (2014) Most consecutive wins: 21 (2014) Most NCAA tournament appearances: 11 Most NCAA tournament wins: 19 Most NCAA championship game appearances: 0 Most final 4 appearances: 0 Most elite 8 appearances: 4 Most sweet 16 appearances: 7 Most round of 32 appearances: 11 Most seasons ranked at least once at #1 in both basketball polls: 2 Sean Miller Sean Edward Miller (born November 17, 1968) is an American men's college basketball coach for the Arizona Wildcats in the Pac-12 Conference. Miller is a three-time gold medalist as a member of USA Basketball, once as a player, once as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20889633",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nNCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, also known and branded as NCAA March Madness, is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of The Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen. Played mostly during March, it has become one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18349957",
"chunk_text": "\"St. John's Red Storm\"\nthe 7th most winningest program in college basketball history (1686 wins), St. John's boasts the 7th-most NCAA tournament appearances (27), two Wooden Award winners as national player of the year, 11 consensus All-Americans, 6 members of the College Basketball Hall of Fame, and has sent 59 players to the NBA. However, St. John's currently holds the NCAA Division I record for most NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship appearances without a championship. The Red Storm play most of their home games at Madison Square Garden, \"\"The World's Most Famous Arena\"\", while their early non-conference games are held at Carnesecca Arena",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17321617",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nexistence, won both of its NCAA-recognized titles (1980, 1986) while in the Metro. List of schools with the longest time between NCAA tournament appearances (minimum 20-year drought): Through 2018, four schools that were considered \"\"major college\"\" by the Associated Press when it published its first college basketball rankings in 1948, and have been continuously in the AP's \"\"major\"\" classification, have yet to reach the national tournament. While the NCAA did not split into divisions until 1956 (university and college), the AP has distinguished \"\"major colleges\"\" from \"\"small colleges\"\" throughout the history of its basketball rankings. The NCAA tournament has changed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8653954",
"chunk_text": "\"Hoosier Hysteria\"\nIndiana's collegiate basketball squad, the Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team has several championships to their credit: The Hoosiers' five NCAA Championships are the fourth in history, tied with Duke, and trailing UCLA (11) Kentucky (8) and North Carolina (6). Their eight trips to the Final Four ranks seventh on the all-time list. The Hoosiers have made 32 appearances in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament (fifth-most in NCAA history). In those 32 appearances, Indiana has posted 52 victories, the sixth-most in NCAA history. With their only men's national championship coming in the days before the NCAA Tournament, the Purdue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9770580",
"chunk_text": "\"Duke Blue Devils men's basketball\"\n(Seton Hall, University of Michigan and Harvard), Bob Bender (Illinois State University and University of Washington), Chuck Swenson at William & Mary, Mike Brey (Delaware and Notre Dame), Jeff Capel (VCU, Oklahoma and Pittsburgh), Chris Collins (Northwestern), Johnny Dawkins (Stanford), Quin Snyder (Missouri, Utah Jazz), and Steve Wojciechowski (Marquette) have become head basketball coaches at major universities and the NBA, while Pete Gaudet is now the head coach of the India women's national basketball team. \"\"The NCAA began seeding the tournament with the 1979 edition.\"\" The Blue Devils have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 42 times. Their combined record is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7569723",
"chunk_text": "\"Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball\"\ntimes (Missouri in 2003–04, and Georgia Tech and Oklahoma State in 2004–05), #2 once (North Carolina in 2006–07), and #1 once (Duke in 2018–19). Teams in bold represent games Gonzaga played in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. The Bulldogs have appeared in 21 NCAA Tournaments. The 2018 tournament was the Bulldogs' 20th consecutive appearance. Gonzaga's combined record is . \"\"The NCAA began seeding the tournament with the 1979 edition.\"\" The Bulldogs have appeared in three National Invitation Tournaments (NIT). Gonzaga's combined record is . Four McDonald's All-Americans have played for Gonzaga. Zach Collins was the first of these",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13526150",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Pitino\"\none of only four coaches in NCAA history (along with Dean Smith, Mike Krzyzewski and Jim Boeheim) to take his school to the Final Four in four separate decades, one of only three coaches (along with Roy Williams and Jack Gardner) to have led two different programs to at least two Final Fours each, and one of only two coaches (along with Williams) to have led two different programs to at least three Final Fours each. In 2013, Pitino was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Pitino holds the distinction of being the only NCAA men’s basketball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14217043",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Kansas\"\nperennial national contender, coached by Bill Self. The team has won five national titles, including three NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008. The basketball program is currently the second winningest program in college basketball history with an overall record of 2,248-848 through the 2017–18 season. The team plays at Allen Fieldhouse. Perhaps its best recognized player was Wilt Chamberlain, who played in the 1950s, later becoming an NBA star and Harlem Globetrotter. Other notable Jayhawk basketball players include Phog Allen (who would later become head coach of the Jayhawks), Dean Smith, Jo Jo White, Danny Manning, Jacque Vaughn,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14652949",
"chunk_text": "\"Bob Knight\"\nBob Knight Robert Montgomery Knight (born October 25, 1940), who was popularly known to the public as \"\"Bobby Knight\"\", is a retired American basketball coach. Nicknamed The General, Knight won 902 NCAA Division I men's college basketball games, the most all-time at the time of his retirement and currently third all-time, behind his former player and assistant coach Mike Krzyzewski of Duke and Jim Boeheim of Syracuse. Knight is best known as the head coach of the Indiana Hoosiers from 1971 to 2000. He also coached at Texas Tech (2001–2008) and at Army (1965–1971). While at Indiana, Knight led his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13953038",
"chunk_text": "\"Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's basketball\"\nNCAA Tournament 36 times, good for 9th all time, and reached the Final Four in 1978. The Irish hold the record for most Tournament appearances without a championship or championship game appearance, one of five teams (along with Texas, Temple, Illinois and Oklahoma) to have 30 or more appearances without a title and one of three teams (along with Texas and Temple) to have more than 30 appearances without either. They are also the first Big East team to go undefeated at home two straight seasons. They play their home games in the Purcell Pavilion at the Edmund P. Joyce",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10811674",
"chunk_text": "\"Villanova Wildcats men's basketball\"\nand Kansas in 2018), which is sixth most all-time. The Villanova Wildcats have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 37 times, the eighth highest total in NCAA history. They have won the Big East regular season championship eight times, most recently winning four straight from 2014 to 2017. They won the Big East Tournament in 1995, 2015, 2017, and 2018. Villanova entered the 2016–2017 season with an all-time winning percentage of (.648), placing the Wildcats tied for 13th among all NCAA Division I basketball programs. Through 2018, Villanova has 1,753 wins, which is 23rd among Division I men's basketball teams. Villanova",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18633746",
"chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nteams in 1941, 12 in 1949, 14 in 1965, 16 in 1968, 24 in 1979, 32 in 1980, and 40 from 2002 through 2006. In 2007, the tournament reverted to the current 32-team format. In its early years, the NIT offered some advantages over the NCAA tournament: From its onset and at least into the mid-1950s, the NIT was regarded as the most prestigious showcase for college basketball. All-American at Princeton and later NBA champion with the New York Knicks and United States Senator Bill Bradley states: Several teams played in both the NIT and NCAA tournaments in the same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20947036",
"chunk_text": "\"Jack Gardner (basketball)\"\nfor 18 years. He led the Utes to six appearances in the NCAA Tournament and two Final Four appearances (1961 & 1966). To date, he remains one of only three coaches to twice lead two different programs to the Final Four, along with Roy Williams and Rick Pitino. He finished his career winning seven conference titles. Between 1959 and 1962, his teams compiled a 72–14 record. He was often referred to as \"\"The Fox\"\" and he had five All-Americans including Billy \"\"The Hill\"\" McGill. Gardner is a member of the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame as well as ten other",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17321620",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nKentucky and Virginia have had a #1 Seed in each of the four regions Last updated through 2018 tournament.<br>* Vacated appearances excluded (see #1 seeds by year and region). \"\"For a list of all the cities and arenas that have hosted the Final Four, go to Host cities, below.\"\" Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri hosted the Final Four nine times followed by the third Madison Square Garden in New York City which hosted seven times, and Louisville's Freedom Hall which hosted six times. Additionally, Indianapolis has hosted the Final Four seven times, across three venues. From 1997 to 2013,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8035373",
"chunk_text": "\"UCLA Bruins men's basketball\"\nfrom 1996 to 2003, Lavin compiled a record of 145–78. As both an assistant and head coach, Lavin participated in 13 consecutive NCAA tournament appearances (1990–2002), while working at Purdue and UCLA. During Lavin's tenure as a head coach, he was one of only two coaches in the country to lead his team to five NCAA \"\"Sweet 16s\"\" in six years (1997, 1998, 2000–2002), the other coach being Duke's Mike Krzyzewski. Lavin guided UCLA to six consecutive seasons of 20 or more wins, as well as six consecutive NCAA tournament appearances. Lavin signed seven McDonald's High School All-Americans. Seven of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3679268",
"chunk_text": "\"Sports in the United States\"\nthe national champions of NCAA Division I men's college basketball. Most U.S. states also crown state champions among their high schools. Many high school basketball teams have intense local followings, especially in the Midwest and Upper South. Indiana has 10 of the 12 largest high school gyms in the United States, and is famous for its basketball passion, known as Hoosier Hysteria. Notable NBA players in history include Wilt Chamberlain (4 time MVP), Bill Russell (5 time MVP), Bob Pettit (11 time all NBA team), Bob Cousy (12 time all NBA team), Jerry West (12 time all NBA team), Julius",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11202282",
"chunk_text": "\"Duke Blue Devils men's basketball\"\nDuke Blue Devils men's basketball The Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team represents Duke University in NCAA Division I college basketball and competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The team is fourth all-time in wins of any NCAA men's basketball program, and is coached by Mike Krzyzewski. Duke has won 5 NCAA Championships (tied with Indiana for fourth all-time behind North Carolina, UCLA and Kentucky) and appeared in 11 Championship Games (third all-time) and 16 Final Fours (fourth all-time behind North Carolina, UCLA, and Kentucky), and has an NCAA-best .755 NCAA tournament winning percentage. Eleven Duke players have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8662136",
"chunk_text": "\"Duke Blue Devils men's basketball\"\nDuke Blue Devils men's basketball The Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team represents Duke University in NCAA Division I college basketball and competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The team is fourth all-time in wins of any NCAA men's basketball program, and is coached by Mike Krzyzewski. Duke has won 5 NCAA Championships (tied with Indiana for fourth all-time behind North Carolina, UCLA and Kentucky) and appeared in 11 Championship Games (third all-time) and 16 Final Fours (fourth all-time behind North Carolina, UCLA, and Kentucky), and has an NCAA-best .755 NCAA tournament winning percentage. Eleven Duke players have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18429350",
"chunk_text": "\"Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball\"\nthe NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament (sixth-most in NCAA history). In those 39 appearances, Indiana has posted a 66–34 record (.660). Its 66 victories are the sixth-most in NCAA history. The Hoosiers are ranked 8th for the longest streak of NCAA tournament appearances at 18 (1986–2003). The Hoosiers also won post-season tournaments in 1974, the Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournament, and in 1979, the National Invitation Tournament. As of 2018, the 1976 Hoosiers remain the last NCAA men's basketball team to go undefeated in both regular season and postseason play. Championship Results NCAA Men's MOP Award \"\"The NCAA began seeding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2168061",
"chunk_text": "\"Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball\"\nIU Hoosiers lead the all-time series vs. all other Big Ten opponents, excluding instate-rival, Purdue. Updated March 2, 2018 Indiana has won five NCAA Championships in men's basketball (1940, 1953, 1976, 1981, 1987) — the first two under coach Branch McCracken and the latter three under Bob Knight — and 22 Big Ten Conference championships. The Hoosiers' five NCAA Championships are tied with Duke (5) for the fourth-most in history, trailing only UCLA (11), Kentucky (8), and North Carolina (6). Their eight trips to the Final Four ranks eighth on the all-time list. The Hoosiers have made 39 appearances in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16253893",
"chunk_text": "\"Skip Prosser\"\nSkip Prosser George Edward \"\"Skip\"\" Prosser (November 3, 1950 – July 26, 2007) was an American college basketball coach who was head men's basketball coach at Wake Forest University at the time of his death. He was the only coach in NCAA history to take three separate schools to the NCAA Tournament in his first year coaching the teams. In 21 years as a collegiate coach, he made 18 postseason appearances. Previously, he coached Xavier University for seven seasons, where he achieved great success. He spent his first year of coaching at the collegiate level at Loyola College in Maryland,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6739462",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Arizona\"\nis still known as a national powerhouse in Division I men's basketball. Between 1985 and 2009, the team reached the NCAA Tournament 25 consecutive years, which is the third-longest streak in NCAA history, after Kansas, with appearances from 1990-2017, North Carolina, with 27 consecutive appearances from 1975 to 2001. The Wildcats have reached the Final Four of the NCAA tournament in 1988, 1994, 1997, and 2001. In 1997, Arizona defeated the University of Kentucky, the then defending national champions, to win the NCAA National Championship (NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship) by a score of 84–79 in overtime; Arizona's first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18457007",
"chunk_text": "\"St. John's University (New York City)\"\nappearances (28), two John R. Wooden Award winners, 11 consensus All-Americans, 6 members of the College Basketball Hall of Fame, and has sent 59 players to the NBA. Even even as late as 1990 was said to not compare to other basketball powerhouses like Michigan State. However, of the top 5 teams, Kentucky, North Carolina, Kansas, Duke, and St. John's, St. John's is the only team not to win an NCAA championship for basketball, and currently holds the NCAA Division I record for most NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship appearances without a championship. St. John's men's basketball has won",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12333543",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player\"\ndid not play for the championship team. Howard Porter of Villanova won the award in 1971 and did not play for the championship team, but his MOP award was later vacated. NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player At the conclusion of the NCAA men's and women's Division I basketball championships (the \"\"Final Four\"\" tournaments), the Associated Press selects a Most Outstanding Player. The MOP need not be, but almost always is a member of the Championship team, especially since the third-place game was eliminated after 1981. The last man to win the award despite not being on the Championship team",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9960344",
"chunk_text": "\"Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball\"\nappeared in the NCAA Tournament 46 times. Their combined record is 99–47. The Jayhawks have appeared in the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) two times. Their combined record is 3–2. Kansas leads all NCAA teams with 30 consensus First Team All-American selections, 23 different players have received the honor. ‡ indicates player has made at least 2000 points and 1000 rebounds in his college career. † indicates Academic All-American of the Year The 47 McDonald's All-Americans listed below have signed with Kansas. An asterisk, \"\"*\"\", Indicates player did not finish his college career at Kansas. A cross, \"\"†\"\", indicates player did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1380379",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Phelan (basketball)\"\nClarence Gaines. Phelan held the record in games coached with 1,354 across all NCAA divisions and is currently 4th on the all-time list; he is behind Phog Allen and tied with Jim Smith for second place in total career seasons coached with 49, though all 49 of Phelan's and Smith's seasons came at one school while Allen coached at four other institutions besides Kansas, where he gained fame. Notable players that Phelan coached include Fred \"\"Mad Dog\"\" Carter, Jack Sullivan, and Jon O'Reilly. The 1962 team won the school's only national championship. Phelan earned his first of two coach of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8306884",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Loucks\"\nLuke Loucks Luke Isaac Rhoad Loucks (born April 1, 1990) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for Florida State, where he was a member of four straight NCAA Tournament teams and still holds the school record for most career games played. After playing professionally in Latvia, Cyprus, Belgium, Germany, and the NBA Development League, Loucks joined the Golden State Warriors organization in the summer of 2016 in a paid internship position. Loucks attended Clearwater High School in Clearwater, Florida where he was a four-year member of the varsity basketball team and team captain as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17242023",
"chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nfourth straight tournament in which a No. 14 seed upset a No. 3 seed. By winning the Midwest Regional final, Syracuse became the first No. 10 seed in history to advance to the Final Four. However, three lower seeds, all No. 11, have advanced to that stage (in 1986, 2006, and 2011). Kansas extended its streak of consecutive tournament appearances to 27 in a row, making every NCAA Tournament dating back to 1990. This tied the record for most consecutive NCAA Tournament appearances held by North Carolina (1975–2001). This Tournament marked the first championship for Villanova in 31 years. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10811673",
"chunk_text": "\"Villanova Wildcats men's basketball\"\na team for the game. Their 2016 NCAA Championship, is referred to as \"\"The Perfect Ending\"\" and is the only NCAA Men's Championship game to be won on a buzzer beater, as Kris Jenkins drained a shot as time expired. They made the Final Four in 1939, 1971, 1985, 2009, 2016 and 2018; their six Final Four appearances are 13th most all-time. As of 2018, they have an NCAA Tournament record of 64–36 (). Villanova has defeated six No. 1 seeds in the NCAA tournament (Michigan and Georgetown in 1985, Pittsburgh in 2009, and Kansas and North Carolina in 2016,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16765610",
"chunk_text": "\"Dale Brown (basketball)\"\nBrown is the only SEC coach to have ever appeared in 15 straight national tournaments and only 11 coaches in NCAA history have made more consecutive NCAA appearances (10). Only the legendary Adolph Rupp of Kentucky has won more games in SEC history. Brown and Rupp are the only SEC coaches that had 17 consecutive non-losing seasons. Only 4 coaches in the SEC have won more conference championships, Adolph Rupp, Joe Hall, Tubby Smith, and Billy Donovan. Only seven coaches in the SEC have led their teams to two Final Fours or more while coaching SEC teams. They are Dale",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18779956",
"chunk_text": "\"John Wooden\"\nJohn Wooden John Robert Wooden (October 14, 1910 – June 4, 2010) was an American basketball player and head coach at the University of California, Los Angeles. Nicknamed the \"\"Wizard of Westwood,\"\" he won ten NCAA national championships in a 12-year period as head coach at UCLA, including a record seven in a row. No other team has won more than four in a row in Division 1 college men's or women's basketball. Within this period, his teams won an NCAA men's basketball record 88 consecutive games. Wooden won the prestigious Henry Iba Award as national coach of the year",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "870333",
"chunk_text": "\"Luke Loucks\"\n3.9 grade point average and was a member of the national honor society. He was destined to attend Florida State as his father was a walk-on member of the Seminole football team in the 1980s and he had two uncles who also attended Florida State. Luke Loucks Luke Isaac Rhoad Loucks (born April 1, 1990) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for Florida State, where he was a member of four straight NCAA Tournament teams and still holds the school record for most career games played. After playing professionally in Latvia, Cyprus, Belgium, Germany, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6864281",
"chunk_text": "\"Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball\"\nJohn Calipari, Gregg Popovich, and Bill Self. Mark Turgeon, Jerod Haase, and Danny Manning are all former players and assistant coaches that became head coaches. Allen founded the National Association of Basketball Coaches and, with Lonborg, was an early proponent of the NCAA tournament. Four different Jayhawk head coaches are in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as coaches, Phog Allen, Larry Brown, Roy Williams, and current head coach Bill Self. In 2008, ESPN ranked Kansas second on a list of the most prestigious programs of the modern college basketball era. Kansas currently has the longest streak of consecutive",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8092967",
"chunk_text": "\"UAB Blazers\"\nmade 15 appearances in the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament including 3 Sweet Sixteen appearances and 1 Elite Eight appearance. UAB has also appeared in the NIT a total of 11 times, including 2 appearances in the NIT Final Four. After only 34 years of basketball, UAB has had 31 winning seasons including memorable wins over Virginia, Kentucky, Louisville, Alabama, Florida, Villanova, Indiana, and Memphis, among others. The Blazers have amassed one of the best all-time winning percentages in college basketball. The UAB men's basketball team has been ranked in the Associated Press Top 25 Poll many times in school history",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15024395",
"chunk_text": "\"Gary Williams\"\n(.651) at Maryland. He passed Lefty Driesell as the school's winningest coach in 2006. Williams has an overall NCAA tournament record of 29–16 (.644), 25–13 (.658) at his alma mater. His 29 wins in the NCAA tournament places him seventh among active coaches in that category. Williams has coached Maryland to fourteen NCAA tournament appearances, including a streak of eleven consecutive appearances (1993-1994 season to 2003-2004 season), as well as four post season NIT appearances, allowing Maryland to own the longest current consecutive streak of postseason appearances in the ACC (Wake Forest, who had previously had the longest active streak,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1150027",
"chunk_text": "\"UNLV Rebels\"\nFour appearances. The 1991 Runnin' Rebels had been the last team to enter the NCAA Tournament unbeaten before Wichita State did it in 2014. The Runnin' Rebels have also appeared in three pre-season NIT tournaments, including two Final Fours and one pre-season NIT championship, and ten NIT tournaments, including one Final Four appearance. Famous Runnin' Rebels include Greg Anthony, Stacey Augmon, Marcus Banks, Larry Johnson, Shawn Marion and Reggie Theus. The Runnin' Rebels have had three Olympians, four times including two Olympic bronze medalists, 18 All-Americans, 26 times, one John Wooden Award winner, and 12 NBA first round draft picks.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9263314",
"chunk_text": "\"Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's basketball\"\nCenter. Since moving to the Purcell Pavilion in 1968, they have had 44 winning seasons at the Purcell Pavilion, including 5 undefeated seasons at home (1973, 1985, 2006, 2007, and 2010) and have had only 4 losing seasons at the Purcell Pavilion (1971, 1981, 1992, and 1995). Jeff Sagarin and ESPN listed the program 12th in the college basketball all-time rankings in the \"\"ESPN College Basketball Encyclopedia\"\". The Fighting Irish are currently coached by Mike Brey. The Fighting Irish have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 36 times. In 2018, the Fighting Irish were snubbed by the NCAA Tournament Committee after",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7572630",
"chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines men's basketball\"\nBig Ten Defensive Player of the Year All-Americans National Coach of the Year Big Ten Coach of the Year The University of Michigan has an all-time 59–27* (52–23) record overall and 1–6* (1–4) championship game record in the NCAA Tournaments in 28* (24) appearances. Glen Rice holds the NCAA single-tournament scoring record with 184 points in 1989. The 1992 Final Four and all 1993, 1996, & 1998 games have been forfeited due to NCAA sanctions. The NCAA began seeding the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament with the 1979 edition. The 64-team field started in 1985, which guaranteed that a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8662115",
"chunk_text": "\"Duke Blue Devils men's basketball\"\nthe AP with 135 weeks. Additionally, the Blue Devils have the second longest streak in the AP Top 25 in history with 200 consecutive appearances from 1996 to 2007, trailing only UCLA's 221 consecutive polls from 1966 to 1980. As a result of such success, ESPN, in 2008, named Duke the most prestigious college basketball program since the 1985–86 season, noting that \"\"by any measure of success, Duke is king of the hill in college basketball in the 64-team era of the NCAA tournament.\"\" Since that designation, Duke has won two additional national titles in 2010 and 2015. \"\"Adapted from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13396567",
"chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Final Four appearances by school\"\nin total. <nowiki>*</nowiki> - Indicates one vacated Final Four appearance. NCAA Division I Men's Final Four appearances by school This is a list of NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Final Four appearances by school. Several teams have vacated Final Four appearances and are marked with an * with explanations listed below. The listed Final Four totals for those teams do not include the vacated appearances. Schools in \"\"italics\"\" no longer compete in NCAA Division I. Minnesota, Saint Joseph's, Massachusetts and Western Kentucky had their only appearances in the Final Four vacated. <nowiki>*</nowiki> - Indicates one vacated appearance not included",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_676
|
which condition would most likely require nutrition delivered through tpn?
|
n/a
|
[
"bowel obstruction",
"ulcerative colitis",
"high-output fistula",
"short bowel syndrome",
"very severe Crohn's disease",
"prolonged diarrhea",
"gastroschisis"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586004",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nParenteral nutrition Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the feeding of specialist nutritional products to a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by specialist pharmaceutical compounding companies and is considered to be the highest risk pharmaceutical preparation available as the products cannot undergo any form of terminal sterilization. The person receives highly complex nutritional formulae that contain nutrients such as glucose, salts, amino acids, lipids and added vitamins and dietary minerals. It is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or total nutrient admixture (TNA) when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes, and partial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586006",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nare unable to obtain adequate nutrients by oral or enteral routes. The Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition recommends waiting until hospital day number seven. Absolute indications for TPN: TPN may be the only feasible option for providing nutrition to patients who do not have a functioning gastrointestinal tract or who have disorders requiring complete bowel rest, including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, gastroschisis, prolonged diarrhea regardless of its cause, very severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and certain pediatric GI disorders including congenital GI anomalies and necrotizing enterocolitis. The benefit of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677323",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nallows for the best possible mental health situation; constantly being held down can lead to resentment and depression. Physical activity is also highly encouraged, but patients must avoid contact sports (equipment damage) and swimming (infection). Many teens find it difficult to live with TPN due to issues regarding body image and not being able to participate in activities and events. TPN fully bypasses the GI tract and normal methods of nutrient absorption. Possible complications, which may be significant, are listed below. Other than those listed below, other common complications of TPN include hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hypercapnia, decreased copper and zinc",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586005",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nparenteral nutrition (PPN) when nutrition is also partially enteric. It may be called peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) when administered through vein access in a limb rather than through a central vein as central venous nutrition (CVN). Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is provided when the gastrointestinal tract is nonfunctional because of an interruption in its continuity (it is blocked, or has a leak - a fistula) or because its absorptive capacity is impaired. It has been used for comatose patients, although enteral feeding is usually preferable, and less prone to complications. Parenteral nutrition is used to prevent malnutrition in patients who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586016",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nroutinely recommended. Such complications are suggested to be the main reason for mortality in people requiring long-term total parenteral nutrition, such as in short bowel syndrome. In newborn infants with short bowel syndrome with less than 10% of expected intestinal length, thereby being dependent upon total parenteral nutrition, 5 year survival is approximately 20%. Infants who are sustained on TPN without food by mouth for prolonged periods are at risk for developing gut atrophy. Other complications are either related to catheter insertion, or metabolic, including refeeding syndrome. Catheter complications include pneumothorax, accidental arterial puncture, and catheter-related sepsis. The complication rate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15609715",
"chunk_text": "\"Intestinal pseudo-obstruction\"\nlook for signs of blood infections, as catheter blockage, liver damage, and infections of catheters are the main complications associated with long term TPN use and can result in sepsis and/or additional surgeries if not properly monitored. TPN nutritional feeds are given over a period of several hours to all day infusions, and are a mixture of all the vitamins, minerals, and calories similar to what one would get eating orally daily as well as any other specific nutritional needs the patient has at the moment. TPN format is typically changed depending on loss/gain of weight and bloodwork results, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19517301",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nTPN to cancer patients is largely debated, and studies to date have generally showed minimal long term benefit. Short-term PN may be used if a person's digestive system has shut down (for instance by peritonitis), and they are at a low enough weight to cause concerns about nutrition during an extended hospital stay. Long-term PN is occasionally used to treat people suffering the extended consequences of an accident, surgery, or digestive disorder. PN has extended the life of children born with nonexistent or severely deformed organs. Approximately 40,000 people use TPN at home in the United States, and because TPN",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586014",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nnot physically eat, resulting in intense hunger pangs (pains). The brain uses signals from the mouth (taste and smell), the stomach/gastrointestinal tract (fullness) and blood (nutrient levels) to determine conscious feelings of hunger. In cases of TPN, the taste, smell and physical fullness requirements are not met, and so the patient experiences hunger, despite the fact that the body is being fully nourished. Patients who eat food despite the inability can experience a wide range of complications. Total parenteral nutrition increases the risk of acute cholecystitis due to complete disuse of gastrointestinal tract, which may result in bile stasis in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15609713",
"chunk_text": "\"Intestinal pseudo-obstruction\"\novergrowth and subsequently, diarrhea or malabsorption, is treated with antibiotics. Nutritional deficiencies are treated by encouraging patients to avoid food high in fat and fibre, which are harder to digest and increase abdominal distention and discomfort, and have small, frequent meals (5–6 per day), focusing on liquids and soft food. Reducing intake of poorly absorbed sugar alcohols may be of benefit. Referral to an accredited dietitian is recommended. If dietary changes are unsuccessful in meeting nutritional requirements and stemming weight loss, enteral nutrition is used. Many patients eventually require parenteral nutrition. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a form of long-term",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586025",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\npuppies and subsequently newborn babies with catastrophic gastrointestinal malignancies. Dr. Dudrick collaborated with Dr. Willmore and Dr. Vars to complete the work necessary to make this nutritional technique safe and successful. Parenteral nutrition Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the feeding of specialist nutritional products to a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by specialist pharmaceutical compounding companies and is considered to be the highest risk pharmaceutical preparation available as the products cannot undergo any form of terminal sterilization. The person receives highly complex nutritional formulae that contain nutrients such as glucose, salts, amino",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677326",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\na major source of calories. TPN-associated liver disease strikes up to 50% of patients within 5–7 years, correlated with a mortality rate of 2–50%. Onset of this liver disease is the major complication that leads TPN patients to requiring an intestinal transplant. Intralipid (Fresenius-Kabi), the US standard lipid emulsion for TPN nutrition, contains a 7:1 ratio of n-6/n-3 ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). By contrast, Omegaven has a 1:8 ratio and showed promise in multiple clinical studies. Therefore n-3-rich fat may alter the course of parenteral nutrition associated liver disease. Because patients are being fed intravenously, the subject does",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677322",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nrequires anywhere from 10–16 hours to be administered, daily life can be affected. Although daily lifestyle can be changed, most patients agree that these changes are better than staying at the hospital. Many different types of pumps exist to limit the time the patient is “hooked-up”. Usually a backpack pump is used, allowing for mobility. The time required to be connected to the IV is dependent on the situation of each patient; some require once a day, or five days a week. It is important for patients to avoid as much TPN related change as possible in their lifestyles. This",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1397671",
"chunk_text": "\"Intestine transplantation\"\nas necrotizing enterocolitis or volvulus, may be adequately resolved by other surgical and nonsurgical treatments, especially if SBS never develops. An individual can obtain nutrients intravenously through PN, bypassing food consumption entirely and its subsequent digestion. Long-term survival with SBS and without PN is possible with enteral nutrition, but this is inadequate for many patients as it depends on the remaining intestine's ability to adapt and increase its absorptive capacity. Although more complicated and expensive to perform, any person may receive PN. Although PN can meet all energy, fluid, and nutrient needs and can be performed at home, quality of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15074095",
"chunk_text": "\"Intradialytic parenteral nutrition\"\nIntradialytic parenteral nutrition Intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) is a nutritional support therapy (medical nutrition therapy) for people on hemodialysis who have a difficult time maintaining adequate nutrition. It is administered directly into the bloodstream of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an effort to decrease the associated morbidity and mortality experienced in patients with renal failure. IDPN contains protein (amino acids), carbohydrates (dextrose), and fats (lipids) in an attempt to meet a patient's weekly nutritional needs. Solutions can be individualized for each patient based on weight, needs, medical history and enteral intake. Prior to 1990, traditional therapies for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2848551",
"chunk_text": "Dietitian\nother health care facilities to provide nutrition therapy to patients with a variety of health conditions, and provide dietary consultations to patients and their families. They confer with other health care professionals to review patients' medical charts and develop individual plans to meet nutritional requirements. Some clinical dietitians will also create or deliver outpatient or public education programs in health and nutrition. Clinical dietitians may provide specialized services in areas of nourishment and diets, tube feedings (called enteral nutrition), and intravenous feedings (called parenteral nutrition) such as total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). They work as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5146347",
"chunk_text": "\"Crohn's disease\"\nfor many reasons, including decreased food intake and malabsorption. The risk increases following resection of the small bowel. Such individuals may require oral supplements to increase their caloric intake, or in severe cases, total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Most people with moderate or severe Crohn's disease are referred to a dietitian for assistance in nutrition. The major significant complications of Crohn's disease include bowel obstruction, abscesses, free perforation and hemorrhage, which in rare cases may be fatal. Crohn's disease can be problematic during pregnancy, and some medications can cause adverse outcomes for the fetus or mother. Consultation with an obstetrician and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586017",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nat the time of insertion should be less than 5%. Catheter-related infections may be minimised by appropriate choice of catheter and insertion technique. Metabolic complications include the refeeding syndrome characterised by hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia. Hyperglycemia is common at the start of therapy, but can be treated with insulin added to the TPN solution. Hypoglycaemia is likely to occur with abrupt cessation of TPN. Liver dysfunction can be limited to a reversible cholestatic jaundice and to fatty infiltration (demonstrated by elevated transaminases). Severe hepatic dysfunction is a rare complication. Overall, patients receiving TPN have a higher rate of infectious complications.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677324",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nlevels, elevated prothrombin time (if associated with liver injury), hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and decreased gastrointestinal motility. TPN requires a chronic IV access for the solution to run through, and the most common complication is infection of this catheter. Infection is a common cause of death in these patients, with a mortality rate of approximately 15% per infection, and death usually results from septic shock. When using central venous access, the subclavian (or axillary) vein is preferred due to its ease of access and lowest infectious complications compared to the jugular and femoral vein insertions. Chronic IV access leaves a foreign",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3333116",
"chunk_text": "\"Short bowel syndrome\"\npediatric surgeons at quaternary hospitals who specialize in small bowel surgery. There is no cure for short bowel syndrome except transplant. In newborn infants, the 4-year survival rate on parenteral nutrition is approximately 70%. In newborn infants with less than 10% of expected intestinal length, 5 year survival is approximately 20%. Some studies suggest that much of the mortality is due to a complication of the total parenteral nutrition (TPN), especially chronic liver disease. Much hope is vested in Omegaven, a type of lipid TPN feed, in which recent case reports suggest the risk of liver disease is much lower.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14144546",
"chunk_text": "\"Management of Crohn's disease\"\nA low residue diet may be used to reduce the volume of stools excreted daily. People with lactose intolerance due to small bowel disease may benefit from avoiding lactose-containing foods. Patients who cannot eat may be given total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a source of vitamins and nutrients. Fish oil has been found to be effective in reducing the chance of relapse in less severe cases. Because the terminal ileum is the most common site of involvement and is the site for vitamin B absorption, people with Crohn's disease are at risk for B deficiency and may need supplementation. In cases",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677325",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nbody in the vascular system, and blood clots on this IV line are common. Death can result from pulmonary embolism wherein a clot that starts on the IV line breaks off and travels to the lungs, blocking blood flow. Patients on TPN who have such clots occluding their catheter may receive a thrombolytic flush to dissolve the clots and prevent further complications. Fatty liver is usually a more long term complication of TPN, though over a long enough course it is fairly common. The pathogenesis is due to using linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid component of soybean oil) as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15074097",
"chunk_text": "\"Intradialytic parenteral nutrition\"\nfit the patient’s individual needs and condition. Specific formulations address distinct differences between nutritional needs of those patients who exhibit protein malnutrition and those patients who exhibit calorie malnutrition. Intradialytic parenteral nutrition Intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) is a nutritional support therapy (medical nutrition therapy) for people on hemodialysis who have a difficult time maintaining adequate nutrition. It is administered directly into the bloodstream of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an effort to decrease the associated morbidity and mortality experienced in patients with renal failure. IDPN contains protein (amino acids), carbohydrates (dextrose), and fats (lipids) in an attempt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "677328",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nthe gallbladder. Other potential hepatobiliary dysfunctions include steatosis, steatohepatitis, cholestasis, and cholelithiasis. Six percent of patients on TPN longer than 3 weeks and 100% of patients on TPN longer than 13 weeks develop biliary sludge. The formation of sludge is the result of stasis due to lack of enteric stimulation and is not due to changes in bile composition. Gallbladder sludge disappears after 4 weeks of normal oral diet. Administration of exogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) or stimulation of endogenous CCK by periodic pulse of large amounts of amino acids have been shown to help prevent sludge formation. These therapies are not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15609714",
"chunk_text": "\"Intestinal pseudo-obstruction\"\nnutritional treatment needed for patients that have severe pseudoobstruction. After a period of no improvement of intestinal function or motility the decision to start TPN will be made, and the surgical procedure to add a long-term, more permanent IV to administer TPN will occur. Types of IV catheters to be placed will be a PICC line or central line which include mediports, Broviac, or Hickman lines depending on how long the physicians believe the patient will require TPN. Patients that are deemed TPN dependent will require constant checkups to monitor the catheter is working properly, check liver enzyme levels and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12741015",
"chunk_text": "SKIV2L\nto lower rates of infection. Less commonly congenital cardiac defects have been reported, mostly ventricular septal defects (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD), and rarely Tetralogy of Fallot and peripheral pulmonary stenosis. Initially reported as high as 62.5% with most deaths in the first year, more recent reports have estimated mortality of around 30%, which is similar to other disorders which are dependent on parenteral nutrition. No specific treatments are available for THES. The goal is to maximise weight gain and reduce infection rates. Most children require parenteral nutrition (PN) which can be combined with oral feeding, most commonly a semi-elemental",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9756293",
"chunk_text": "\"Feeding tube\"\nThey are classified by the site of insertion and intended use. There are dozens of conditions that may require tube feeding. The more common conditions that necessitate feeding tubes include prematurity, failure to thrive (or malnutrition), neurologic and neuromuscular disorders, inability to swallow, anatomical and post-surgical malformations of the mouth and esophagus, cancer, Sanfilippo syndrome, and digestive disorders. Feeding tubes are used widely in children with excellent success for a wide variety of conditions. Some children use them temporarily until they are able to eat on their own, while other children require them longterm. Some children only use feeding tubes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10074971",
"chunk_text": "Tetanus\nmay be necessary to paralyze the patient with curare-like drugs and use a mechanical ventilator. In order to survive a tetanus infection, the maintenance of an airway and proper nutrition are required. An intake of 3,500 to 4,000 calories and at least 150 g of protein per day is often given in liquid form through a tube directly into the stomach (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy), or through a drip into a vein (parenteral nutrition). This high-caloric diet maintenance is required because of the increased metabolic strain brought on by the increased muscle activity. Full recovery takes 4 to 6 weeks because",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15544134",
"chunk_text": "\"Microvillous inclusion disease\"\nintestinal transplant. The patient is often classified as being in \"\"intestinal failure\"\" and treated with the cohort of patients known as \"\"short bowel syndrome\"\" patients. Microvillus inclusion disease is thought to be extremely rare; only approximately 200 cases have been identified in children in Europe. One patient, a teenage female living in Arizona, suddenly began to grow microvilli after thirteen years of TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition) and Lipid dependency. She now enjoys a typical teenage diet and is seen regularly by her Gastroenterologist. One patient from the UK was documented to achieve nutritional independence at age 3. On 26 June",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586019",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nonly be administered by a team of highly skilled doctors who can accurately assess the fetus’ needs. Solutions for total parenteral nutrition may be customized to individual patient requirements, or standardized solutions may be used. The use of standardized parenteral nutrition solutions is cost effective and may provide better control of serum electrolytes. Ideally each patient is assessed individually before commencing on parenteral nutrition, and a team consisting of specialised doctors, nurses, clinical pharmacists and registered dietitians evaluate the patient's individual data and decide what PN formula to use and at what infusion rate. For energy only, intravenous sugar solutions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17334496",
"chunk_text": "\"Acute pancreatitis\"\nThe incidence of relapse after oral refeeding may be reduced by post-pyloric enteral rather than parenteral feeding prior to oral refeeding. IMRIE scoring is also useful. Recently, there has been a shift in the management paradigm from TPN (total parenteral nutrition) to early, post-pyloric enteral feeding (in which a feeding tube is endoscopically or radiographically introduced to the third portion of the duodenum). The advantage of enteral feeding is that it is more physiological, prevents gut mucosal atrophy, and is free from the side effects of TPN (such as fungemia). The additional advantages of post-pyloric feeding are the inverse relationship",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7841206",
"chunk_text": "\"Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency\"\nTetrahydrobiopterin deficiency Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (THBD, BHD), also called THB or BH deficiency, is a rare metabolic disorder that increases the blood levels of phenylalanine. Phenylalanine is an amino acid obtained through the diet. It is found in all proteins and in some artificial sweeteners. If tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency is not treated, excess phenylalanine can build up to harmful levels in the body, causing intellectual disability and other serious health problems. High levels of phenylalanine are present from infancy in people with untreated tetrahydrobiopterin (THB, BH) deficiency. The resulting signs and symptoms range from mild to severe. Mild complications may include temporary",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16483874",
"chunk_text": "Lymphangiomatosis\nby system, include: Thoracocentesis, pericardiocentesis, pleurodesis, ligation of thoracic duct, pleuroperitoneal shunt, radiation therapy, pleurectomy, pericardial window, pericardiectomy, thalidomide, interferon alpha 2b, Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN), medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and high protein diet, chemotherapy, sclerotherapy, transplant; interferon alpha 2b, sclerotherapy, resection, percutaneous drainage, Denver shunt, Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN), medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and high protein diet, transplant, splenectomy; interferon alpha 2b, bisphosphonates (i.e. pamidronate), surgical resection, radiation therapy, sclerotherapy, percutaneous bone cement, bone grafts, prosthesis, surgical stabilization. Lymphangiomatosis can occur at any age, but the incidence is highest in children and teenagers. Signs and symptoms are typically present",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18586018",
"chunk_text": "\"Parenteral nutrition\"\nThis can be related to hyperglycemia. Pregnancy can cause major complications when trying to properly dose the nutrient mixture. Because all of the baby’s nourishment comes from the mother’s blood stream, the doctor must properly calculate the dosage of nutrients to meet both recipients’ needs and have them in usable forms. Incorrect dosage can lead to many adverse, hard-to-guess effects, such as death, and varying degrees of deformation or other developmental problems. It is recommended that parenteral nutrition administration begin after a period of natural nutrition so doctors can properly calculate the nutritional needs of the fetus. Otherwise, it should",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730705",
"chunk_text": "\"Peripheral neuropathy\"\nPeripheral neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is damage to or a disease affecting nerves, which may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function, or other aspects of health, depending on the type of nerve affected. Common causes include systemic diseases (such as diabetes or leprosy), hyperglycemia-induced glycation, vitamin deficiency, medication (e.g., chemotherapy, or commonly prescribed antibiotics including metronidazole and the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin, Levaquin, Avelox etc.)), traumatic injury, including ischemia, radiation therapy, excessive alcohol consumption, immune system disease, coeliac disease, or viral infection. It can also be genetic (present from birth) or idiopathic (no known cause). In conventional medical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9156337",
"chunk_text": "\"Medical nutrition therapy\"\nMedical nutrition therapy Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a therapeutic approach to treating medical conditions and their associated symptoms via the use of a specifically tailored diet devised and monitored by a medical doctor physician or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). The diet is based upon the patient's medical record, physical examination, functional examination and dietary history. The role of MNT when administered by a physician or dietitian nutritionist (RDN) is to reduce the risk of developing complications in pre-existing conditions such as type 2 diabetes as well as ameliorate the effects any existing conditions such as high cholesterol. Many medical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2307521",
"chunk_text": "\"Nothing by mouth\"\nhours prior. Clear liquid fasting includes water, juices without pulp, carbonated beverages, clear tea, and black coffee. Ingestion of water 2 hours prior to a procedure results in smaller gastric volumes and higher gastric pH when compared with those who ingested > 4 hours prior. The volume of liquid is less important than the type of liquid ingested. Non-emergent surgical cases should be delayed for NPO status. For extended periods without food or water, patients may be started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Fasting guidelines often restrict the intake of any oral fluid after two to six hours preoperatively. However,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7627350",
"chunk_text": "\"Protein–energy malnutrition\"\ncountry nominally/officially has national health insurance with universal health care, the poorest quarter of its population may face a de facto reality of poor health care access. Protein–energy malnutrition Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees. Types include: PEM is fairly common worldwide in both children and adults and accounts for 6 million deaths annually. In the industrialized world, PEM is predominantly seen in hospitals, is associated with disease,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18141007",
"chunk_text": "Ataxia-telangiectasia\nto systemic steroid treatment or other drugs to reduce inflammation. Lung function tests (spirometry) should be performed at least annually in children old enough to perform them, influenza and pneumococcal vaccines given to eligible individuals, and sinopulmonary infections treated aggressively to limit the development of chronic lung disease. Feeding and swallowing can become difficult for people with A-T as they get older. Feeding refers to all aspects of eating and drinking, including getting food and liquids to the mouth; swallowing refers to ingestion or what happens after food or liquids enter the mouth. Primary goals for feeding and swallowing are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5637899",
"chunk_text": "Malabsorption\nMalabsorption Malabsorption is a state arising from abnormality in absorption of food nutrients across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Impairment can be of single or multiple nutrients depending on the abnormality. This may lead to malnutrition and a variety of anaemias. Normally the human gastrointestinal tract digests and absorbs dietary nutrients with remarkable efficiency. A typical Western diet ingested by an adult in one day includes approximately 100 g of fat, 400 g of carbohydrate, 100 g of protein, 2 L of fluid, and the required sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, vitamins, and other elements. Salivary, gastric, intestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic secretions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7627343",
"chunk_text": "\"Protein–energy malnutrition\"\nProtein–energy malnutrition Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees. Types include: PEM is fairly common worldwide in both children and adults and accounts for 6 million deaths annually. In the industrialized world, PEM is predominantly seen in hospitals, is associated with disease, or is often found in the elderly. Note that PEM may be secondary to other conditions such as chronic renal disease or cancer cachexia in which protein",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13743201",
"chunk_text": "\"Vitamin B12 deficiency\"\noccur. In young children symptoms include poor growth, poor development, and difficulties with movement. Without early treatment some of the changes may be permanent. Common causes include poor absorption from the stomach or intestines, decreased intake, and increased requirements. Decreased absorption may be due to pernicious anemia, surgical removal of the stomach, chronic inflammation of the pancreas, intestinal parasites, certain medications, and some genetic disorders. Decreased intake may occur in vegetarians or people who are malnourished. Increased requirements occur in people with HIV/AIDS, and in those with rapid red blood cell breakdown. Diagnosis is typically based on blood levels of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7627348",
"chunk_text": "\"Protein–energy malnutrition\"\nconditions have been observed with PEM, including sepsis, severe anaemia, bronchopneumonia, HIV, tuberculosis, scabies, chronic suppurative otitis media, rickets, and keratomalacia. These co-morbidities tax already malnourished children and may prolong hospital stays initially for PEM and may increase the likelihood of death. The general explanation of increased infectious comorbidity in malnourished people is that (1) the immune system is what prevents such diseases from being more widespread in healthy, well-nourished people and (2) malnutrition stresses and diminishes immune function. In other words, malnutrition tends to cause (mild or moderate) immunodeficiency, eroding the barriers that normally keep infectious diseases at bay.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "177628",
"chunk_text": "Sepsis\nwith intermittent pneumatic compression devices are recommended for any person with sepsis at moderate to high risk of venous thromboembolism. Stress ulcer prevention with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and H2 antagonist are useful in a person with risk factors of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) such as on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours, coagulation disorders, liver disease, and renal replacement therapy. Achieving partial or full enteral feeding (delivery of nutrients through a feeding tube) is chosen as the best approach to provide nutrition for a person who is contraindicated for oral intake or unable to tolerate orally in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20295789",
"chunk_text": "\"Clinical nutrition\"\nClinical nutrition Clinical nutrition is nutrition of patients in health care. Clinical in this sense refers to the management of patients, including not only outpatients at clinics, but also (and mainly) inpatients in hospitals. It incorporates primarily the scientific fields of nutrition and dietetics. It aims to keep a healthy energy balance in patients, as well as providing sufficient amounts other nutrients such as protein, vitamins, minerals. Among the routes of administration, the preferred means of nutrition is, if possible, oral administration. Alternatives include enteral administration (in nasogastric feeding) and intravenous (in parenteral nutrition). In the field of clinical nutrition,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5972",
"chunk_text": "Pharmacy\nor a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacists and trained pharmacy technicians compound sterile products for patients including total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and other medications given intravenously. This is a complex process that requires adequate training of personnel, quality assurance of products, and adequate facilities. Several hospital pharmacies have decided to outsource high risk preparations and some other compounding functions to companies who specialize in compounding. The high cost of medications and drug-related technology, combined with the potential impact of medications and pharmacy services on patient-care outcomes and patient safety, make it imperative that hospital pharmacies perform at the highest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7089592",
"chunk_text": "\"Intestine transplantation\"\npost-transplant, the financial cost of transplantation reaches parity with PN and is more cost-effective thereafter. Intestine transplantation Intestine transplantation, intestinal transplantation, or small bowel transplantation is the surgical replacement of the small intestine for chronic and acute cases of intestinal failure. While intestinal failure can oftentimes be treated with alternative therapies such as parenteral nutrition (PN), complications such as PN-associated liver disease and short bowel syndrome may make transplantation the only viable option. The rarest type of organ transplantation performed, intestine transplantation is becoming increasingly prevalent as a therapeutic option due to improvements in immunosuppressive regiments, surgical technique, PN, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5984919",
"chunk_text": "Malnutrition\nas starvation, may have symptoms that include: a short height, thin body, very poor energy levels, and swollen legs and abdomen. People also often get infections and are frequently cold. The symptoms of micronutrient deficiencies depend on the micronutrient that is lacking. Undernourishment is most often due to not enough high-quality food being available to eat. This is often related to high food prices and poverty. A lack of breastfeeding may contribute, as may a number of infectious diseases such as: gastroenteritis, pneumonia, malaria, and measles, which increase nutrient requirements. There are two main types of undernutrition: protein-energy malnutrition and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18198804",
"chunk_text": "\"Failure to thrive\"\nchild's failure to thrive then treatment is directed towards the underlying condition. Special care should be taken to avoid refeeding syndrome when initiating feeds in a malnourished patient. Refeeding syndrome is caused by a shift in fluid and electrolytes in a malnourished person as they receive artificial refeeding. It is potentially fatal, and can occur whether receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. The most serious and common electrolyte abnormality is hypophosphatemia, although sodium abnormalities are common as well. It can also cause changes in glucose, protein, and fat metabolism. Incidence of refeeding syndrome is high, with one prospective cohort study showing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12741016",
"chunk_text": "SKIV2L\ndiet which allows patients to become independent of PN over time. Nutrition and growth should be closely monitored. If PN is not required, reports have described the use of an amino acid based formula, although it is unclear if weight gain was adequate. Immunoglobulin levels and vaccine responses should be tested. If any abnormalities are found then a paediatric immunologist should be consulted and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) can be considered to reduce chance of systemic infections. Infection was reported as a cause of death in 20% of a large cohort of French patients. A recent study looked at immunodeficiency in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7265980",
"chunk_text": "\"Nutrient enema\"\nNutrient enema A nutrient enema, also known as feeding per rectum, rectal alimentation, or rectal feeding, is an enema administered with the intent of providing nutrition when normal eating is not possible. Although this treatment is ancient, dating back at least to Galen and a common technique in 19th century medicine, nutrient enemas have been superseded in modern medical care by tube feeding and intravenous feeding. A variety of different mixes have been used for nutrient enemas throughout history. A paper published in \"\"Nature\"\" in 1926 stated that because the rectum and lower digestive tract lack digestive enzymes, it is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_677
|
today gestalt psychology ideas are part of which branch of psychology?
|
n/a
|
[
"Berlin School of experimental psychology",
"experimental psychology"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2189506",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nGestalt psychology Gestalt psychology or gestaltism (; from \"\"shape, form\"\") is a philosophy of mind of the Berlin School of experimental psychology. Gestalt psychology is an attempt to understand the laws behind the ability to acquire and maintain meaningful perceptions in an apparently chaotic world. The central principle of gestalt psychology is that the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing tendencies. This principle maintains that when the human mind (perceptual system) forms a percept or \"\"gestalt\"\", the whole has a reality of its own, independent of the parts. The original famous phrase of Gestalt psychologist Kurt Koffka, \"\"the whole",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "623582",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\ndepend on the order in which they are performed—a pertinent feature for psychological processes, as an experiment performed on a conscious person may influence the outcome of a subsequent experiment by changing the state of mind of that person. Gestalt psychology Gestalt psychology or gestaltism (; from \"\"shape, form\"\") is a philosophy of mind of the Berlin School of experimental psychology. Gestalt psychology is an attempt to understand the laws behind the ability to acquire and maintain meaningful perceptions in an apparently chaotic world. The central principle of gestalt psychology is that the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2903970",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nJoel Latner stated that Gestalt therapy is built upon two central ideas: that the most helpful focus of psychotherapy is the experiential present moment, and that everyone is caught in webs of relationships; thus, it is only possible to know ourselves against the background of our relationships to others. The historical development of Gestalt therapy (described below) discloses the influences that generated these two ideas. Expanded, they support the four chief theoretical constructs (explained in the theory and practice section) that comprise Gestalt theory, and that guide the practice and application of Gestalt therapy. Gestalt therapy was forged from various",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2189508",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nsought to understand the \"\"organization\"\" of cognitive processes (Carlson and Heth, 2010). Our brain is capable of generating whole forms, particularly with respect to the visual recognition of global figures instead of just collections of simpler and unrelated elements (points, lines, curves, etc.). In psychology, gestaltism is often opposed to structuralism. Gestalt theory, it is proposed, allows for the deconstruction of the whole situation into its elements. The concept of gestalt was first introduced in philosophy and psychology in 1890 by Christian von Ehrenfels (a member of the School of Brentano). The idea of gestalt has its roots in theories",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2189524",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\ngestalt theory's influence on the study of visual perception: Gestalt psychologists find it is important to think of problems as a whole. Max Wertheimer considered thinking to happen in two ways: productive and reproductive. Productive thinking is solving a problem with insight. This is a quick insightful unplanned response to situations and environmental interaction. Reproductive thinking is solving a problem with previous experiences and what is already known. (1945/1959). This is a very common thinking. For example, when a person is given several segments of information, he/she deliberately examines the relationships among its parts, analyzes their purpose, concept, and totality,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16414234",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nfield perspective and the various organismic and field theories that proliferated in neuroscience, medicine, and physics in the early and mid-20th century. Within social science there is a consilience between gestalt field theory and systems or ecological psychotherapy; between the concept of dialogical relationship and object relations, attachment theory, client-centered therapy and the transference-oriented approaches; between the existential, phenomenological, and hermeneutical aspects of gestalt therapy and the constructivist aspects of cognitive therapy; and between gestalt therapy's commitment to awareness and the natural processes of healing and mindfulness, acceptance and Buddhist techniques adopted by cognitive behavioral therapy.\"\" The theoretical foundations of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2903969",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nGestalt therapy Gestalt therapy is an existential/experiential form of psychotherapy that emphasizes personal responsibility, and that focuses upon the individual's experience in the present moment, the therapist–client relationship, the environmental and social contexts of a person's life, and the self-regulating adjustments people make as a result of their overall situation. Gestalt therapy was developed by Fritz Perls, Laura Perls and Paul Goodman in the 1940s and 1950s, and was first described in the 1951 book \"\"Gestalt Therapy\"\". Edwin Nevis described Gestalt therapy as \"\"a conceptual and methodological base from which helping professionals can craft their practice\"\". In the same volume,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nhe/she reaches the \"\"aha!\"\" moment, using what is already known. Understanding in this case happens intentionally by reproductive thinking. Another gestalt psychologist, Perkins, believes insight deals with three processes: Views going against the gestalt psychology are: Gestalt psychology should not be confused with the gestalt therapy of Fritz Perls, which is only peripherally linked to gestalt psychology. A strictly gestalt psychology-based therapeutic method is Gestalt Theoretical Psychotherapy, developed by the German gestalt psychologist and psychotherapist Hans-Jürgen Walter and his colleagues in Germany, Austria (Gerhard Stemberger and colleagues) and Switzerland. Other countries, especially Italy, have seen similar developments. Fuzzy-trace theory, a",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt Practice\"\nGestalt Practice Gestalt Practice is a contemporary form of personal exploration and integration developed by Dick Price at the Esalen Institute. The objective of the practice is to become more fully aware of the process of living within a unified field of body, mind, relationship, earth and spirit. \"\"Gestalt\"\" is a German word that denotes form, shape or configuration, and connotes wholeness. Practice is an ongoing program or process of development. Gestalt Practice is an ongoing process of integrating human awareness across a broad spectrum of consciousness. Initially, Gestalt was used as a psychological term in Gestalt psychology. Then Fritz",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nwas an anachronism. Because Gestalt therapists disdained the positivism underlying what they perceived to be the concern of research, they largely ignored the need to use research to further develop Gestalt theory and Gestalt therapy practice (with a few exceptions like Les Greenberg, see the interview: \"\"Validating Gestalt\"\"). However, the new century has seen a sea of change in attitudes toward research and Gestalt practice. Gestalt therapy is not identical with Gestalt psychology but Gestalt psychology influenced the development of Gestalt therapy to a large extent. Gestalt therapy focuses on process (what is actually happening) over content (what is being",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\npsychoanalyst and before she began developing Gestalt therapy together with Fritz Perls. The extent to which Gestalt psychology influenced Gestalt therapy is disputed, however. In any case it is not identical with Gestalt psychology. On the one hand, Laura Perls preferred not to use the term \"\"Gestalt\"\" to name the emerging new therapy, because she thought that the gestalt psychologists would object to it; on the other hand Fritz and Laura Perls clearly adopted some of Goldstein's work. Thus, though recognizing the historical connection and the influence, most gestalt psychologists emphasize that gestalt therapy is not a form of gestalt",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nmovement toward personal growth and the human potential movement in California fed into, and was itself influenced by, Gestalt therapy. In this process Gestalt therapy somehow became a \"\"coherent Gestalt\"\", which is the Gestalt psychology term for a perceptual unit that holds together and forms a unified whole. Fritz Perls trained as a neurologist at major medical institutions and as a Freudian psychoanalyst in Berlin and Vienna, the most important international centers of the discipline in his day. He worked as a training analyst for several years with the official recognition of the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA), and must be",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\ninfluences upon the lives of its founders during the times in which they lived, including: the new physics, Eastern religion, existential phenomenology, Gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, experimental theatre, as well as systems theory and field theory. Gestalt therapy rose from its beginnings in the middle of the 20th century to rapid and widespread popularity during the decade of the 1960s and early 1970s. During the '70s and '80s Gestalt therapy training centers spread globally; but they were, for the most part, not aligned with formal academic settings. As the cognitive revolution eclipsed Gestalt theory in psychology, many came to believe Gestalt",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\ntime. Finally, the Gestalt therapist is committed to the process, trusts in that process, and does not attempt to save him or herself from it (Brownell, in press, 2009, 2008)). Field theory is a concept borrowed from physics in which people and events are no longer considered discrete units but as parts of something larger, which are influenced by everything including the past, and observation itself. “The field” can be considered in two ways. There are ontological dimensions and there are phenomenological dimensions to one's field. The ontological dimensions are all those physical and environmental contexts in which we live",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nthe background. These laws took several forms, such as the grouping of similar, or proximate, objects together, within this global process. Although gestalt has been criticized for being merely descriptive, it has formed the basis of much further research into the perception of patterns and objects (Carlson et al. 2000), and of research into behavior, thinking, problem solving and psychopathology. The founders of Gestalt therapy, Fritz and Laura Perls, had worked with Kurt Goldstein, a neurologist who had applied principles of Gestalt psychology to the functioning of the organism. Laura Perls had been a Gestalt psychologist before she became a",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\npsychology. Mary Henle noted in her presidential address to Division 24 at the meeting of the American Psychological Association (1975): \"\"What Perls has done has been to take a few terms from Gestalt psychology, stretch their meaning beyond recognition, mix them with notions—often unclear and often incompatible—from the depth psychologies, existentialism, and common sense, and he has called the whole mixture gestalt therapy. His work has no substantive relation to scientific Gestalt psychology. To use his own language, Fritz Perls has done 'his thing'; whatever it is, it is \"\"not\"\" Gestalt psychology\"\" With her analysis however, she restricts herself explicitly",
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"chunk_text": "\"Field theory (psychology)\"\ncould possibly affect life later on, due to the change in field. This is a good example of how broad field theory can span, as a person's preconciousness may be altered due to field changes that occurred before any major development. Field theory is a rather obscure aspect of Gestalt theory, a doctrine that includes many important methods and discoveries. It is a crucial building block to the foundation of Gestalt psychologists' concepts and applications. There is some confusion as to the basics of field theory, causing misconceptions of how it should be used in Gestalt therapy. Field theory (psychology)",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nof \"\"\"\" (in the German language, \"\"pithiness\"\"), which says that we tend to order our experience in a manner that is regular, orderly, symmetrical, and simple. Gestalt psychologists attempt to discover refinements of the law of \"\"prägnanz\"\", and this involves writing down laws that, hypothetically, allow us to predict the interpretation of sensation, what are often called \"\"gestalt laws\"\". A major aspect of Gestalt psychology is that it implies that the mind understands external stimuli as whole rather than the sum of their parts. The wholes are structured and organized using grouping laws. The various laws are called \"\"laws\"\" or",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nlead the client to greater awareness and fuller experience of his or her possibilities. Experiments can be focused on undoing projections or retroflections. The therapist can work to help the client with closure of unfinished Gestalts (\"\"unfinished business\"\" such as unexpressed emotions towards somebody in the client's life). There are many kinds of experiments that might be therapeutic, but the essence of the work is that it is experiential rather than interpretive, and in this way, Gestalt therapy distinguishes itself from psychoanalysis. Gestalt therapy reached a zenith in the United States in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Since then,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nconsidered an experienced clinician. Gestalt therapy was influenced by psychoanalysis: it was part of a continuum moving from the early work of Freud, to the later Freudian ego analysis, to Wilhelm Reich and his character analysis and notion of character armor, with attention to nonverbal behavior; this was consonant with Laura Perls's background in dance and movement therapy. To this was added the insights of academic Gestalt psychology, including \"\"perception\"\", \"\"Gestalt formation\"\", and the tendency of organisms to \"\"complete an incomplete Gestalt\"\" and to form \"\"wholes\"\" in experience. Central to Fritz and Laura Perls's modifications of psychoanalysis was the concept",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nno boundary at which one can contact the other: the client will not be able to learn anything new, because the therapist essentially becomes an extension of the client. There were a variety of psychological and philosophical influences upon the development of Gestalt therapy, not the least of which were the social forces at the time and place of its inception. Gestalt therapy is an approach that is holistic (including mind, body, and culture). It is present-centered and related to existential therapy in its emphasis on personal responsibility for action, and on the value of \"\"I–thou\"\" relationship in therapy. In",
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"chunk_text": "\"Field theory (psychology)\"\nField theory (psychology) Field theory is a psychological theory (more precisely: Topological and vector psychology) which examines patterns of interaction between the individual and the total field, or environment. The concept first made its appearance in psychology with roots to the holistic perspective of Gestalt theories. It was developed by Kurt Lewin, a Gestalt psychologist, in the 1940s. Lewin's field theory can be expressed by a formula: B = f(p,e), meaning that behavior (B) is a function of the person (p) and their environment (e). Early philosophers believed the body to have a rational, inner nature that helped guide our",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"History of psychology\"\nRobert Ogden, Koffka introduced the Gestalt point of view to an American audience in 1922 by way of a paper in \"\"Psychological Bulletin\"\". It contains criticisms of then-current explanations of a number of problems of perception, and the alternatives offered by the Gestalt school. Koffka moved to the United States in 1924, eventually settling at Smith College in 1927. In 1935 Koffka published his \"\"Principles of Gestalt Psychology\"\". This textbook laid out the \"\"Gestalt\"\" vision of the scientific enterprise as a whole. Science, he said, is not the simple accumulation of facts. What makes research scientific is the incorporation of",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nMiriam Polster, a second theoretical emphasis emerged: namely, contact between self and other, and ultimately the dialogical relationship between therapist and client. Later still, field theory emerged as an emphasis. At various times over the decades, since Gestalt therapy first emerged, one or more of these tenets and the associated constructs that go with them have captured the imagination of those who have continued developing the contemporary theory of Gestalt therapy. Since 1990 the literature focused upon Gestalt therapy has flourished, including the development of several professional Gestalt journals. Along the way, Gestalt therapy theory has also been applied in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy\"\ndifferences between Gestalt theory in its original sense and the Perls'ian understanding of Gestalt. With her analysis however, she restricts herself explicitly to only three of Perls' books from 1969 and 1972, leaving out Perls' earlier work, and Gestalt therapy in general as a psychotherapy method. It must also be mentioned that Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy adopts techniques from Gestalt therapy as Walter points out. Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy is a method of psychotherapy based strictly on Gestalt psychology. Its origins go back to the 1920s when Gestalt psychology founder Max Wertheimer, Kurt Lewin and their colleagues and students",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy\"\nGestalt theoretical psychotherapy Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy is a method of psychotherapy based strictly on Gestalt psychology. Its origins go back to the 1920s when Gestalt psychology founder Max Wertheimer, Kurt Lewin and their colleagues and students started to apply the holistic and systems theoretical Gestalt psychology concepts in the field of psychopathology and clinical psychology Many developments in psychotherapy in the following decades drew from these early beginnings, like e.g. group psychoanalysis (S. Foulkes), Gestalt therapy (Laura Perls, Fritz Perls, Goodman, and others), or Katathym-imaginative Psychotherapy (Hanscarl Leuner). In Europe Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy in its own right has been initiated",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\ngather European individual Gestalt therapists, training institutes, and national associations from more than twenty European nations. Gestalt Australia and New Zealand (GANZ) was formally established at the first \"\"Down Under\"\" Gestalt Therapy Conference held in Perth in September 1998. Gestalt therapy Gestalt therapy is an existential/experiential form of psychotherapy that emphasizes personal responsibility, and that focuses upon the individual's experience in the present moment, the therapist–client relationship, the environmental and social contexts of a person's life, and the self-regulating adjustments people make as a result of their overall situation. Gestalt therapy was developed by Fritz Perls, Laura Perls and Paul",
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"chunk_text": "\"Robert Morris Ogden\"\nBrown. He died of carcinoma of the pancreas on March 2, 1959 at the Tompkins County Memorial Hospital in Ithaca, New York. Robert Morris Ogden Robert Morris Ogden (1877–1959) was an American psychologist and academic. He served as the Dean of the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences from 1923 to 1945. He was the first proponent of Gestalt psychology in the United States. Robert Morris Ogden was born on July 6, 1877 in Binghamton, New York. His father was James Sherman Ogden and his mother, Beulah Maria Carter. Ogden was educated in public schools in Binghamton. He graduated",
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"chunk_text": "\"Mathematical psychology\"\nturned the focus of psychological research entirely to learning theory. In Europe introspection survived in Gestalt psychology. Behaviorism dominated American psychology until the end of the Second World War, and largely refrained from inference on mental processes. Formal theories were mostly absent (except for vision and hearing). During the war, developments in engineering, mathematical logic and computability theory, computer science and mathematics, and the military need to understand human performance and limitations, brought together experimental psychologists, mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and economists. Out of this mix of different disciplines mathematical psychology arose. Especially the developments in signal processing, information theory, linear",
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"chunk_text": "Psychology\nmoral values in children. A different strain of experimentalism, with more connection to physiology, emerged in South America, under the leadership of Horacio G. Piñero at the University of Buenos Aires. Russia, too, placed greater emphasis on the biological basis for psychology, beginning with Ivan Sechenov's 1873 essay, \"\"Who Is to Develop Psychology and How?\"\" Sechenov advanced the idea of brain reflexes and aggressively promoted a deterministic viewpoint on human behavior. Wolfgang Kohler, Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka co-founded the school of Gestalt psychology (not to be confused with the Gestalt therapy of Fritz Perls). This approach is based upon",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nGestalt theory and practice. Both Fritz and Laura Perls were students and admirers of the neuropsychiatrist Kurt Goldstein. Gestalt therapy was based in part on Goldstein's concept called \"\"Organismic theory\"\". Goldstein viewed a person in terms of a holistic and unified experience; he encouraged a \"\"big picture\"\" perspective, taking into account the whole context of a person's experience. The word \"\"Gestalt\"\" means whole, or configuration. Laura Perls, in an interview, denotes the Organismic theory as the base of Gestalt therapy. There were additional influences on Gestalt therapy from existentialism, particularly the emphasis upon personal choice and responsibility. The late 1950s–1960s",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nis \"\"something else\"\" than the sum of its parts\"\" is often incorrectly translated as \"\"The whole is \"\"greater\"\" than the sum of its parts\"\", and thus used when explaining gestalt theory, and further incorrectly applied to systems theory. Koffka did not like the translation. He firmly corrected students who replaced \"\"other\"\" with \"\"greater\"\". \"\"This is not a principle of addition\"\" he said. The whole has an independent existence. In the study of perception, Gestalt psychologists stipulate that perceptions are the products of complex interactions among various stimuli. Contrary to the behaviorist approach to focusing on stimulus and response, gestalt psychologists",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\ntalked about). The emphasis is on what is being done, thought, and felt at the present moment (the phenomenality of both client and therapist), rather than on what was, might be, could be, or should have been. Gestalt therapy is a method of awareness practice (also called \"\"mindfulness\"\" in other clinical domains), by which perceiving, feeling, and acting are understood to be conducive to interpreting, explaining, and conceptualizing (the hermeneutics of experience). This distinction between direct experience versus indirect or secondary interpretation is developed in the process of therapy. The client learns to become aware of what he or she",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nto psychological research. This is in contrast to investigations developed at the beginning of the 20th century, based on traditional scientific methodology, which divided the object of study into a set of elements that could be analyzed separately with the objective of reducing the complexity of this object. The theoretical principles are the following: Based on the principles above the following methodological principles are defined: In the 1940s and 1950s, laboratory research in neurology and what became known as cybernetics on the mechanism of frogs' eyes indicate that perception of 'gestalts' (in particular gestalts \"\"in motion\"\") is perhaps more primitive",
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"chunk_text": "\"Neural binding\"\nwhich has its roots in the ancient philosophical study of the same problems. Today, there is a close interplay between neuroscience and psychology, which is especially relevant to neural binding. Gestalt psychology is a field that has been intertwined with neural binding due to its advances in conceptualizing how the brain views objects, reacts to stimuli, and then reacts on a global level. Since Gestalt Psychology has become so involved, “grouping” has become an important part of understanding neural binding. The scientists that supported this theory were solely focused on the idea that mechanisms in the brain operated preattentively. \"\"Grouping\"\"",
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"chunk_text": "\"Robert Morris Ogden\"\nRobert Morris Ogden Robert Morris Ogden (1877–1959) was an American psychologist and academic. He served as the Dean of the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences from 1923 to 1945. He was the first proponent of Gestalt psychology in the United States. Robert Morris Ogden was born on July 6, 1877 in Binghamton, New York. His father was James Sherman Ogden and his mother, Beulah Maria Carter. Ogden was educated in public schools in Binghamton. He graduated from Cornell University with a bachelor of science degree in psychology in 1901. While he was at Cornell, one of his professors",
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"chunk_text": "\"Active perception\"\nbased on what they see others doing. Active Perception is part of the broader field of ecological psychology. Ecological Psychology (and theories of Ecological Perception) was formulated by gestalt psychologists in the 1930s, and refined by Gibson through the 1950s to 1970s. The theory has held strong, although for the approximately 80 years that it has been around, it has always been considered a niche area of psychology. Ecological Perception has had little traction in medicine, for instance, until recently, when a series of coherent hypotheses proposed that active perception is the basis for developmental disorders and psychiatric symptoms. The",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nrigor which verged on replacing experience with ideas. The split continues between what has been called \"\"East Coast Gestalt\"\" and \"\"West Coast Gestalt,\"\" at least from an Amerocentric point of view. While the communitarian form of Gestalt continues to flourish, Gestalt therapy was largely replaced in the United States by Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and many Gestalt therapists in the U.S. drifted toward organizational management and coaching. At the same time, contemporary Gestalt Practice (to a large extent based upon Gestalt therapy theory and practice) was developed by Dick Price, the co-founder of Esalen Institute. Price was one of Perls's students",
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"chunk_text": "Holism\nwithout credit) by later perceptual psychologists. Gestalt psychology had influence on Fritz Perls' gestalt therapy, although some old-line gestaltists opposed the association with counter-cultural and New Age trends later associated with gestalt therapy. Gestalt theory was also influential on phenomenology. Aron Gurwitsch wrote on the role of the field of consciousness in gestalt theory in relation to phenomenology. Maurice Merleau-Ponty made much use of holistic psychologists such as work of Kurt Goldstein in his \"\"Phenomenology of Perception\"\". Alfred Adler believed that the individual (an integrated whole expressed through a self-consistent unity of thinking, feeling, and action, moving toward an unconscious,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt therapy\"\nway that Gestalt therapists choose to work with field dynamics makes what they do strategic. Gestalt therapy focuses upon character structure; according to Gestalt theory, the character structure is dynamic rather than fixed in nature. To become aware of one's character structure, the focus is upon the phenomenological dimensions in the context of the ontological dimensions. Gestalt therapy is distinct because it moves toward action, away from mere talk therapy, and for this reason is considered an experiential approach. Through experiments, the therapist supports the client's direct experience of something new, instead of merely talking about the possibility of something",
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt Practice\"\npersonalized form of consciousness exploration beyond the limits of psychotherapy. A partial list of the modalities used in Gestalt Practice includes the following: Gestalt Practice work may involve the reporting of present awareness, and the integration of awareness through intrapsychic dialogue between aspects of personality. This kind of work, borrowed from Gestalt therapy, is often practiced as a shared experiment between two partners working together as a \"\"dyad.\"\" Phenomenological techniques like these are based upon the belief that subjective experience is worthy of direct attention, without the interference of preexisting ideas or interpretations. Somatic awareness may be the focus of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "Psychotherapy\nturn be rooted in existentialism—the belief that human beings can only find meaning by creating it. This is the goal of existential therapy. Existential therapy is in turn philosophically associated with phenomenology. Person-centered therapy, also known as client-centered, focuses on the therapist showing openness, empathy and \"\"unconditional positive regard\"\", to help clients express and develop their own self. Gestalt therapy, originally called \"\"concentration therapy\"\", is an existential/experiential form that facilitates awareness in the various contexts of life, by moving from talking about relatively remote situations to action and direct current experience. Derived from various influences, including an overhaul of psychoanalysis,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nto only three of Perls' books from 1969 and 1972, leaving out Perls' earlier work, and Gestalt therapy in general as a psychotherapy method. There have been clinical applications of Gestalt psychology in the psychotherapeutic field long before Perls'ian Gestalt therapy, in group psychoanalysis (Foulkes), Adlerian individual psychology, by Gestalt psychologists in psychotherapy like Erwin Levy, Abraham S. Luchins, by Gestalt psychologically oriented psychoanalysts in Italy (Canestrari and others), and there have been newer developments foremost in Europe, e.g. Gestalt theoretical psychotherapy. The school of gestalt practiced a series of theoretical and methodological principles that attempted to redefine the approach",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Holism in science\"\nby later perceptual psychologists. Gestalt psychology had influence on Fritz Perls' gestalt therapy, although some old-line gestaltists opposed the association with counter-cultural and New Age trends later associated with gestalt therapy. Gestalt theory was also influential on phenomenology. Aron Gurwitsch wrote on the role of the field of consciousness in gestalt theory in relation to phenomenology. Maurice Merleau-Ponty made much use of holistic psychologists such as work of Kurt Goldstein in his \"\"Phenomenology of Perception.\"\" Alfred Adler believed that the individual (an integrated whole expressed through a self-consistent unity of thinking, feeling, and action, moving toward an unconscious, fictional final",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 43
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"chunk_text": "\"Experiential avoidance\"\neventually return to psychological health. Process-experiential therapy merges client-centered, existential, and Gestalt approaches. Gestalt theory outlines the benefits of being fully aware of and open to one's entire experience. One job of the psychotherapist is to \"\"explore and become fully aware of [the patient's] grounds for avoidance\"\" and to \"\"[lead] the patient back to that which he wishes to avoid\"\" (p. 142). Similar ideas are expressed by early humanistic theory: \"\"Whether the stimulus was the impact of a configuration of form, color, or sound in the environment on the sensory nerves, or a memory trace from the past, or a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Max Wertheimer\"\nprevents real understanding of the problems. He believes that this blind obedience forestalls a person from uncovering the solution. Max Wertheimer's ideas of productive thinking are of continuing relevance in modern ideas of schemas, plans, and knowledge structures today. Gestalt, in the closest English definition of the term, is translated potentially as configuration, form, holistic, structure, and pattern. According to Gestalt psychology, perception is a whole. In this sense, perception can shape vision and the other senses. Wertheimer's work on gestalt psychology with his colleagues at The New School was seen as an opposition and alternative to the behavioral approach",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Sigmund Freud\"\ncalled \"\"gestalts\"\", are \"\"patterns involving all the layers of organismic function – thought, feeling, and activity.\"\" Neurosis is seen as splitting in the formation of gestalts, and anxiety as the organism sensing \"\"the struggle towards its creative unification.\"\" Gestalt therapy attempts to cure patients through placing them in contact with \"\"immediate organismic needs.\"\" Perls rejected the verbal approach of classical psychoanalysis; talking in gestalt therapy serves the purpose of self-expression rather than gaining self-knowledge. Gestalt therapy usually takes place in groups, and in concentrated \"\"workshops\"\" rather than being spread out over a long period of time; it has been extended",
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"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5814212",
"chunk_text": "\"Process-oriented psychology\"\nconscious awareness to reduce the disturbance and access its potential for meaning and growth. Process Work theory includes a framework of experiential 'channels' through which the dreaming process is expressed; these channels include the visual, auditory, movement (kinaesthetic) and body feeling (proprioceptive) channels. Like Gestalt therapy, Process Work tracks a person's experience as it shifts between different channels. Process Work is particularly known for using the channels of body awareness, movement and physical contact to explore psychological issues. The concept of a purposeful 'dreaming process' expressing itself through multiple 'channels' of experience is the theoretical basis for Process Work's 'far-reaching",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8715522",
"chunk_text": "\"Social psychology\"\nhuman behavior. The first published study in this area was an experiment in 1898 by Norman Triplett, on the phenomenon of social facilitation. During the 1930s, many Gestalt psychologists, most notably Kurt Lewin, fled to the United States from Nazi Germany. They were instrumental in developing the field as something separate from the behavioral and psychoanalytic schools that were dominant during that time, and social psychology has always maintained the legacy of their interests in perception and cognition. Attitudes and small group phenomena were the most commonly studied topics in this era. During World War II, social psychologists studied persuasion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18453055",
"chunk_text": "\"Gestalt psychology\"\nexperienced percept contains more explicit spatial information than the sensory stimulus on which it is based. For instance, a triangle is perceived in picture A, though no triangle is there. In pictures B and D the eye recognizes disparate shapes as \"\"belonging\"\" to a single shape, in C a complete three-dimensional shape is seen, where in actuality no such thing is drawn. Reification can be explained by progress in the study of illusory contours, which are treated by the visual system as \"\"real\"\" contours. Multistability (or multistable perception) is the tendency of ambiguous perceptual experiences to pop back and forth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_678
|
how did long john silver lose his leg in treasure island?
|
n/a
|
[
"in the Royal Navy"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "11699762",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver\"\nLong John Silver Long John Silver is a cunning and opportunistic pirate who was quartermaster under the notorious Captain Flint. Long John Silver had a pet parrot called Captain Flint, often seen sitting on his shoulder where she would nibble on seeds. Silver claims to have served in the Royal Navy and lost his leg under \"\"the immortal Hawke\"\". \"\"His left leg was cut off close by the hip, and under the left shoulder, he carried a crutch, which he managed with wonderful dexterity, hopping about upon it like a bird. He was very tall and strong, with a face",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "13570283",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver\"\nmade. The number of minor adaptations remains countless. Long John Silver Long John Silver is a cunning and opportunistic pirate who was quartermaster under the notorious Captain Flint. Long John Silver had a pet parrot called Captain Flint, often seen sitting on his shoulder where she would nibble on seeds. Silver claims to have served in the Royal Navy and lost his leg under \"\"the immortal Hawke\"\". \"\"His left leg was cut off close by the hip, and under the left shoulder, he carried a crutch, which he managed with wonderful dexterity, hopping about upon it like a bird. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9583174",
"chunk_text": "\"William Ernest Henley\"\na moment when I needed kindness even more than I needed encouragement\"\". From the age of 12, Henley suffered from tuberculosis of the bone that resulted in the amputation of his left leg below the knee in 1868–69. According to Robert Louis Stevenson's letters, the idea for the character of Long John Silver was inspired by Stevenson's real-life friend Henley. Stevenson's stepson, Lloyd Osbourne, described Henley as \"\"... a great, glowing, massive-shouldered fellow with a big red beard and a crutch; jovial, astoundingly clever, and with a laugh that rolled like music; he had an unimaginable fire and vitality; he",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
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"chunk_id": "285599",
"chunk_text": "\"Black Spot (Treasure Island)\"\nkilled outright. In \"\"Treasure Island\"\", Billy Bones is much frightened by it but remains determined to outwit his enemies; however, he suffers a stroke caused by the overconsumption of liquor and dies. Later Long John Silver receives the spot, but is calm enough to notice that the paper bearing the spot has been torn out from a Bible, and warns his associates of the ill luck this will bring upon them. The black spot was cut from a Bible, and the words on the black of the black spot were spookily from Revelation, like an allusion to the beast's mark",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13387696",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1950 film)\"\ndoctor to tend his wound, but the man asleep under Livesey's coat is Long John Silver. Jim faints on the spot. Silver finds the map on him as his men wake up. Merry wants Jim dead, but Silver states he wants to trade him for the map, which his men believe is with Smollett. The men go outside to vote, pirate-style. From the stockade's lookout, while calling for Livesey, Silver sees that the ship's aground, flying the Union Jack, and believes that Smollett's party has recaptured the ship. The other pirates give Silver the black spot, but he refuses to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13914462",
"chunk_text": "\"Long Jeanne Silver\"\nLong Jeanne Silver Long Jeanne Silver is an American former pornographic actress, known for using the stump of her amputated leg to penetrate her sexual partner in her movies during the 1970s and 1980s. Silver was born in Tempe, Arizona. She was born with a missing fibula in one leg which required the bottom half of it to be amputated. She ran away from home at age 16 in 1976 to go to New York City, where she would soon begin to pose for adult magazines and perform in porn films. Prior to pornography, she also had worked as a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11560034",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1950 film)\"\ndeparture Trelawney is taken in by Long John Silver, a one-legged inn-keeper, who agrees to gather a crew. Silver strikes up a friendship with Jim and joins the expedition as the ship's cook. Smollett is concerned about the crew, especially when he reveals to Trelawney that the nature of their journey is common knowledge. At sea, Jim overhears Silver and the crew's plan to mutiny, discovering that the seamen hired by Silver are Captain Flint's old crew. Jim reveals the treachery to Smollett who asks Jim to stay friends with Silver to learn more. Upon reaching Treasure Island, Silver offers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13570282",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver\"\nstepson, Lloyd Osbourne, described Henley as \"\"...a great, glowing, massive-shouldered fellow with a big red beard and a crutch; jovial, astoundingly clever, and with a laugh that rolled like music; he had an unimaginable fire and vitality; he swept one off one's feet\"\". In a letter to Henley after the publication of \"\"Treasure Island\"\" Stevenson wrote: \"\"I will now make a confession. It was the sight of your maimed strength and masterfulness that begot Long John Silver...the idea of the maimed man, ruling and dreaded by the sound, was entirely taken from you\"\". There have been several major stage adaptations",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5631136",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\nthree servants and one of the other hands, Abraham Gray, abandon the ship and come ashore to occupy an old abandoned stockade. The men still on the ship, led by the coxswain Israel Hands, run up the pirate flag. One of Trelawney's servants and one of the pirates are killed in the fight to reach the stockade, and the ship's gun keeps up a barrage upon them, to no effect, until dark when Jim finds the stockade and joins them. The next morning, Silver appears under a flag of truce, offering terms that the captain refuses, and revealing that another",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18218011",
"chunk_text": "\"Jim Hawkins (character)\"\na detailed map of an island, with the location of Flint's treasure caches marked on it. Squire Trelawney immediately plans to outfit a sailing vessel to hunt the treasure down, with the help of Dr. Livesey and Jim. When Jim goes to Bristol and visits Long John Silver at the Spy Glass tavern, his suspicions are immediately aroused: Silver is missing a leg, like the man Bones warned him about. But Silver manages to win Jim's trust. Despite Captain Smollett's misgivings about the mission and Silver's hand-picked crew, the \"\"Hispaniola\"\" sets sail for the Caribbean Sea. As they near their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16787295",
"chunk_text": "\"The Adventures of Long John Silver\"\nChildren's TV Club. It was also shown on commercial regional TV in the mid to late 70s in Australia. In 1985 the series was repeated in the United Kingdom in a Saturday afternoon slot on ITV. For much of its international audience, the series aired after the death of its star, Robert Newton, who had died of a heart attack in Hollywood in March 1956. The Adventures of Long John Silver The Adventures of Long John Silver is a TV series about the Long John Silver character from \"\"Treasure Island\"\". It was made in 1954 in colour in Australia for",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "13502742",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\na deceased pirate, Captain Flint buried his treasure. Squire Trelawney proposes buying a ship and going after the treasure, taking Livesey as ship's doctor and Jim as cabin boy. Several weeks later, the Squire introduces Jim and Dr. Livesy to \"\"Long John\"\" Silver, a one-legged Bristol tavern-keeper whom he has hired as ship's cook. (Silver enhances his \"\"outre\"\" attributes—crutch, pirate argot, etc.—with a talking parrot.) They also meet Captain Smollett, who tells them that he dislikes most of the crew on the voyage, which it seems everyone in Bristol knows is a search for treasure. After taking a few precautions,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20996578",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1934 film)\"\na birthday celebration, the mysterious Billy Bones (Lionel Barrymore) arrives and drunkenly talks about treasure. Soon after, Bones is visited by Black Dog (Charles McNaughton) then Pew (William V. Mong), and drops dead, leaving a chest, which he bragged contained gold and jewels. Instead of money, Jim finds a map that his friend Dr. Livesey (Otto Kruger) realizes will lead them to the famous Flint treasure. Squire Trelawney (Nigel Bruce) raises money for a voyage to the treasure island and they set sail on Captain Alexander Smollett's (Lewis Stone) ship \"\"Hispaniola\"\". Also on board is the one-legged Long John Silver",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20996579",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1934 film)\"\n(Wallace Beery) and his cronies. Even though Bones had warned Jim about a sailor with one leg, they become friends. During the voyage, several fatal \"\"accidents\"\" happen to sailors who disapprove of Silver and his cohorts. Then, the night before landing on the island, Jim overhears Silver plotting to take the treasure and kill Smollett's men. Jim goes ashore with the men, and encounters an old hermit named Ben Gunn (Chic Sale), who tells him that he has found Flint's treasure. Meanwhile, Smollett (Lewis Stone) and his loyal men flee to Flint's stockade on the island for safety. Silver's men",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
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"chunk_id": "8758834",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1950 film)\"\nthat, with the morning tide, Silver could move the \"\"Hispaniola\"\" into cannon range and level the fort. Jim takes Gunn's boat and cuts the \"\"Hispaniola\"\"'s anchor rope. The pirate Israel Hands discovers Jim and chases him up into the ship's rigging. Hands injures Jim's arm with a throwing knife but is killed by the boy's pistol. The \"\"Hispaniola\"\" runs aground, Jim strikes the Jolly Roger and hoists the Union Jack. Slowed by his wound, which becomes badly infected by swamp water, it takes him all night to get back to the stockade, which is unguarded. Inside, Jim searches for the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
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"chunk_id": "13101076",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver (film)\"\nwarehouse so that Long John and his crew can capture Mendoza's ship. As Long John sails for Treasure Island, Mendoza awaits his next ship. Once on Treasure Island, Long John and his men take shelter in the stockade from Israel Hands, who had survived Jim's shot some time ago, but is blind. Israel keeps Long John and his men trapped, killing them a few at a time. Soon, Mendoza's men arrive, and Israel offers to side with Long John in return for a passage to Cornwall and vengeance against Jim. After they flee, Mendoza burns down the stockade. Long John",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15972711",
"chunk_text": "\"Return to Treasure Island (TV series)\"\nTrelawney by selling molasses on the black market. They also discover that he is in league with the Governor to steal the map of Treasure Island and claim the treasure that is left there. Many adventures follow which culminate in everybody converging on Treasure Island for a final battle. The final close-ups of Long John Silver rowing away from Jim Hawkins' ship and revealing that he had stolen all the diamonds from the treasure casket (inside a secret compartment of his crutch) were filmed on the roof of HTV's Pontcanna Studio (since demolished) in Cardiff. The tall ship \"\"Kaskelot\"\" was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1140982",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1990 film)\"\nused as the fictional Hispaniola on film. It was originally constructed for the film \"\"Mutiny on The Bounty\"\", and was set to be destroyed at the end of the film but Marlon Brando protested and the ship was kept intact. It sank off the coast of the Carolinas during Hurricane Sandy in October 2012. According to Allmovie, Charlton Heston \"\"plays the character of Long John Silver as written: a cold, crafty, cunning rogue, by turns charming and deadly, but never to be underestimated\"\" and, unlike other filmed versions of the story, the movie \"\"adheres with utter fidelity to the Stevenson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4886944",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1999 film)\"\nTreasure Island (1999 film) Treasure Island is a 1999 film adaptation of Robert Louis Stevenson's novel. It was written and directed by Peter Rowe and stars Kevin Zegers as Jim Hawkins and Jack Palance as Long John Silver. The narrative diverges from that of the novel in that Captain Smollett convinces Squire Trelawney and Doctor Livesey to cut Jim, a 13-year old boy, out of his rightful share of the treasure in 1759. and so Jim then teams up with Silver. Smollett, Trelawney and Livesey are killed, and Jim, Silver and Ben Gunn escape with the treasure. The film was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5631137",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\npirate has been killed in the night (by Gunn, Jim realizes, although Silver does not). At Smollett's refusal to surrender the map, Silver threatens an attack, and, within a short while, the attack on the stockade is launched. After a battle, the surviving mutineers retreat, having lost five men, but two more of the captain's group have been killed and Smollett himself is badly wounded. When Livesey leaves in search of Gunn, Jim runs away without permission and finds Gunn's homemade coracle. After dark, he goes out and cuts the ship adrift. The two pirates on board, Hands and O'Brien,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16787366",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver (film)\"\nLong John Silver (film) Long John Silver, also known as Long John Silver's Return to Treasure Island, is a 1954 American-Australian Adventure film about the eponymous pirate from \"\"Treasure Island\"\", starring Robert Newton as Silver and Rod Taylor as Israel Hands. It was shot in CinemaScope and colour at the Pagewood Studios, Sydney, and the same company went on to make a 26 episode TV series with the same actors, called \"\"The Adventures of Long John Silver\"\". The director, Byron Haskin, had directed \"\"Treasure Island\"\" in 1950, with Newton as Silver. \"\"Long John Silver\"\" should not be confused with the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
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"chunk_id": "17658761",
"chunk_text": "\"Pirates of Treasure Island\"\nto the ship. In the chaos, Long John has one of his legs torn off by a giant beetle. In the United States in 1782, Jim Hawkins (Tom Nagel) is the owner of the \"\"Admiral Benbow Inn\"\", but has grown tired of a life of monotony and seeks adventure. One of his customers, Billy Bones, dies in his inn and leaves Jim a treasure map showing the way to a treasure buried on Skeleton Island. After gaining the help of Dr. Livesey (Jeff Denton), Jim and Livesey recruit French mariner Captain Smollete (James Ferris), the captain of the schooner \"\"Hispaniola\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5631140",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\nthe morning, the doctor arrives to treat the wounded and sick pirates and tells Silver to look out for trouble when they find the site of the treasure. After he leaves, Silver and the others set out with the map, taking Jim along as hostage. They encounter a skeleton, arms apparently oriented toward the treasure, which seriously unnerves the party. Eventually, they find the treasure cache—empty. The pirates are about to charge at Silver and Jim, but shots are fired by Livesey, Gray, and Gunn, from ambush. One pirate is killed and George Merry wounded, but quickly killed by Silver.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13024762",
"chunk_text": "\"Muppet Treasure Island\"\nthe half-wit Squire Trelawney (Fozzie Bear), who arranges a voyage to find the treasure. The boys are enlisted aboard the \"\"Hispaniola\"\" as cabin boys, accompanied by Trelawney, Dr. Livesey (Bunsen Honeydew), and Beaker. The ship is commanded by Captain Abraham Smollett (Kermit the Frog) and his overly strict first mate, Mr. Arrow (Sam Eagle). The boys meet the cook Long John Silver, a one-legged man whom Bones warned them of, but Jim and Silver become good friends. The ship sets sail, but Smollett is suspicious of the crew, believing them to be of shady character. After Gonzo and Rizzo are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "13101077",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver (film)\"\nfollows the trail of the map to the caves where the treasure is buried. Israel tries to kill Jim, but Jim leads him to the coast, where Israel plunges to his death. As Jim heads back to the caves, he is taken by Mendoza, who is going to use him as bait to get Long John, but Long John surrenders to Mendoza, giving his men the opportunity to make a gunpowder attack, cutting down Mendoza's forces and leaving the rest marooned. Long John returns as an honorable citizen, but he and Jim ride off. Walt Disney's film of \"\"Treasure Island\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
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"chunk_id": "140409",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1920 film)\"\nrun the Admiral Benbow Inn on the west coast of England. When former pirate Billy Bones is killed at the inn by other pirates seeking the map to the lost treasure of Captain Flint, Jim finds the map and turns it over to his mother's friends, Dr. Livesey and Squire Trelawney, who organize an expedition to recover the treasure. Jim stows away aboard Livesey and Trelawney's ship, which is manned by a crew largely chosen by Long John Silver, a one-legged pirate posing as a cook. Silver's plans for a mutiny are discovered by Jim and reported to Livesey and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12088318",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1999 film)\"\nshot in various locations on the Isle of Man, and distributed by Columbia TriStar and Fries Film Group. The vessel used to portray the Hispaniola was the tall ship Earl of Pembroke. Producer Adrienne Gruben was nominated for the 2001 Independent Spirit Awards. Treasure Island (1999 film) Treasure Island is a 1999 film adaptation of Robert Louis Stevenson's novel. It was written and directed by Peter Rowe and stars Kevin Zegers as Jim Hawkins and Jack Palance as Long John Silver. The narrative diverges from that of the novel in that Captain Smollett convinces Squire Trelawney and Doctor Livesey to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17658760",
"chunk_text": "\"Pirates of Treasure Island\"\nPirates of Treasure Island Pirates of Treasure Island is a 2006 American comedy-drama film produced by The Asylum, loosely adapted from Robert Louis Stevenson's novel \"\"Treasure Island\"\". The film was criticized as an imitation of the \"\"Pirates of the Caribbean\"\" film series, particularly as was released just before, and shares several similarities with, \"\"\"\". The story opens on Skeleton Island, an uncharted island somewhere in the Falkland Islands chain, where Long John Silver (Lance Henriksen) and Billy Bones (Justin Jones) have staged a successful mutiny against Captain Flint (Chriss Anglin). The group is attacked by gigantic insects, and retreats back",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5129145",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1972 live-action film)\"\ndrink and dies, Jim gets his hands on a map which shows the whereabouts of pirate Captain Flint's treasure. Immediately taking action, he then enlists the help of Squire Trelawney (Walter Slezak) and Dr. Livesey (Angel DelPozo) to join him as he locates the island on the map. Together, they join a ship commanded by Captain Smollett (Rik Battaglia) that will lead them to their destination. Word of the treasure map gets around and most of the crew are recruited with the help of the ship's cook, Long John Silver (Orson Welles), an ex-pirate who had sailed with Captain Flint",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12703535",
"chunk_text": "\"Peter Stuyvesant\"\nthousand men. He invested the island when the Spanish would not surrender, but was not successful in preventing them from getting supplies from Puerto Rico. A cannonball crushed Stuyvesants's right leg, and it was amputated just below the knee. Still in severe pain, he called off the siege a month later. Stuyvesant returned to the Netherlands for convalescence, where his right leg was replaced with a wooden peg. Stuyvesant was given the nicknames \"\"Peg Leg Pete\"\" and \"\"Old Silver Nails\"\" because he used a wooden stick studded with silver nails as a prosthesis. The West India Company saw the loss",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2670951",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\nhad a boy at hand to be a touchstone. Women were excluded... and then I had an idea for Long John Silver from which I promised myself funds of entertainment; to take an admired friend of mine... to deprive him of all his finer qualities and higher graces of temperament, and to leave him with nothing but his strength, his courage, his quickness, and his magnificent geniality, and to try to express these in terms of the culture of a raw tarpaulin.\"\" Completing 15 chapters in as many days, Stevenson was interrupted by illness and, after leaving Scotland, continued working",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13570276",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver\"\nas big as a ham—plain and pale, but intelligent and smiling.\"\" (\"\"Treasure Island\"\" (1883) by Robert Louis Stevenson page 82). He claims to have been the only man whom Flint ever feared. Like many of Stevenson's characters, there is more than a modicum of duality in the character; ostensibly Silver is a hardworking and likeable seaman, and it is only as the plot unfolds that his villainous nature is gradually revealed. His relationship with Jim Hawkins, the novel's protagonist and narrator, is interesting, as he serves as a mentor and eventually father-figure to Jim, creating much shock and emotion when",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "929913",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1920 film)\"\nTrelawney, who manage to hold the pirates at bay until they arrive at the island and take refuge in a shelter with Jim and the loyal crew members. A battle with the pirates results in the map being turned over to Silver and his gang, but the pirates are eventually routed, and Jim and the others find Flint's treasure through the services of Ben Gunn, a pirate who had been stranded on the island. In September 1919, announcements of the upcoming film in movie journals stated that Jack Holt would play Long John Silver and that Wallace Beery would play",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16425378",
"chunk_text": "\"William Ernest Henley\"\nswept one off one's feet\"\". In a letter to Henley after the publication of \"\"Treasure Island\"\", Stevenson wrote, \"\"I will now make a confession: It was the sight of your maimed strength and masterfulness that begot Long John Silver ... the idea of the maimed man, ruling and dreaded by the sound, was entirely taken from you.\"\" Frequent illness often kept him from school, although the misfortunes of his father's business may also have contributed. In 1867, Henley passed the Oxford Local Schools Examination. The sum total of Henley's professional and artistic efforts is said to have made him an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13502743",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\nhowever, they set sail on Trelawney's schooner, the \"\"Hispaniola\"\", for the distant island. During the voyage, the first mate, a drunkard, disappears overboard. And just before the island is sighted, Jim—concealed in an apple barrel—overhears Silver talking with two other crewmen. Most of them are former \"\"gentlemen o'fortune\"\" (as Long John Silver refers to pirates) from Flint's crew and have planned a mutiny. Jim alerts the captain, doctor, and squire, and they calculate that they will be seven to 19 against the mutineers and must pretend not to suspect anything until the treasure is found when they can surprise their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16787382",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver (film)\"\nfilms in Australia including \"\"Come Away, Pearler\"\", from the novel by Colin Simpson. That did not happen. Long John Silver (film) Long John Silver, also known as Long John Silver's Return to Treasure Island, is a 1954 American-Australian Adventure film about the eponymous pirate from \"\"Treasure Island\"\", starring Robert Newton as Silver and Rod Taylor as Israel Hands. It was shot in CinemaScope and colour at the Pagewood Studios, Sydney, and the same company went on to make a 26 episode TV series with the same actors, called \"\"The Adventures of Long John Silver\"\". The director, Byron Haskin, had directed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13945634",
"chunk_text": "\"Wallace Beery\"\nBeery.\"\" For his contributions to the film industry, Wallace Beery posthumously received a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960. His star is located at 7001 Hollywood Boulevard. Beery is mentioned in the film \"\"Barton Fink\"\", in which the lead character has been hired to write a wrestling screenplay to star Beery. Wallace Beery Wallace Fitzgerald Beery (April 1, 1885 – April 15, 1949) was an American film actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Bill in \"\"Min and Bill\"\" (1930) opposite Marie Dressler, as Long John Silver in \"\"Treasure Island\"\" (1934), as Pancho",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6571435",
"chunk_text": "\"Prosthetics in fiction\"\nCaptain Hook has a hook replacing his right hand which was eaten by a crocodile. In Flannery O'Connor's story \"\"Good Country People\"\", the character Joy Hopewell/Hulga's leg was blasted off in a childhood hunting accidents and she used a wooden leg instead that becomes important to the plot. In \"\"The Fugitive\"\" television series and subsequent film, the fugitive Dr. Richard Kimble searches for the one armed man who killed his wife. In the film version, the one armed man also received a transplant - who was played by Andreas Katsulas. As a result, this would be another role in addition",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3171014",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1920 film)\"\nTreasure Island (1920 film) Treasure Island is a 1920 silent film adaptation of the novel by Robert Louis Stevenson, directed by Maurice Tourneur, and released by Paramount Pictures. Lon Chaney played two different key roles in this production. Charles Ogle, who had played Frankenstein's Monster in the first filmed version of \"\"Frankenstein\"\" a decade earlier at Edison Studios, portrayed Long John Silver. This movie is now considered a lost film. Young Jim Hawkins is caught up with the pirate Long John Silver in search of the buried treasure of the buccaneer Captain Flint. Young Jim Hawkins helps his widowed mother",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13387690",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1950 film)\"\nTreasure Island (1950 film) Treasure Island is a 1950 live action adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions, adapted from the Robert Louis Stevenson's 1883 novel. Directed by Byron Haskin, it stars Bobby Driscoll as Jim Hawkins and Robert Newton as Long John Silver. \"\"Treasure Island\"\" is notable for being Disney's first completely live-action film and the first screen version of \"\"Treasure Island\"\" made in color. It was filmed in England on location and at Denham Film Studios, Buckinghamshire. In the West Coast of England in 1765, a young boy called Jim Hawkins lives with his mother in a tiny",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7836702",
"chunk_text": "\"Mythology of Lost\"\nbut regains the use of his legs immediately after the crash. Richard Alpert says in \"\"The Brig\"\" that Locke's spine healing itself is not a normal event, even by the Island's standards. It is a sign of Locke being somehow \"\"special\"\". The effects of this specialness can extend to other people. After his spinal surgery, Ben is paralyzed for over a week, but regains the feeling in his legs immediately after coming into contact with Locke. He is able to walk (with the aid of a cane) only days later. The Others appear to operate on the assumption that cancer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13570281",
"chunk_text": "\"Long John Silver\"\nhim to go home. He confides in his fellow pirates, that he and his wife plan to rendezvous after the voyage to Skeleton Island is complete and Flint's treasure is recovered, at which point Silver will retire to a life of luxury. Ironically his \"\"share\"\" of Flint's treasure (£400) is considerably less than that of Ben Gunn's share (£1,000) and what he himself boasts is his \"\"share\"\" from England (£900) and from Flint (£2,000). According to Stevenson's letters, the idea for the character of Long John Silver was inspired by his real-life friend William Henley, a writer and editor. Stevenson's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15574681",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Planet\"\nfor a live-action film. In order to test how a computer-generated body part (specifically John Silver's cyborg arm) would mesh with a traditionally animated character, the crew took a clip of Captain Hook from \"\"Peter Pan\"\" and replaced his arm with the cyborg arm. There were around forty animators on the crew, and were further divided into teams; for example, sixteen animators were assigned to Jim Hawkins because he appeared on the screen the most, and twelve were assigned to John Silver. To ensure \"\"solidity\"\" in illustration and personality, each major character in the film had a team of animators",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13502741",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\nviolent fight, Billy, who drinks far too much rum, has a stroke and tells Jim that his former shipmates covet his map to buried treasure. After a visit from an evil blind man named Pew who gives him \"\"the black spot\"\" as a summons to share the treasure map, Billy has another stroke and dies; Jim and his mother (his father has also died just a few days before) unlock the sea chest, finding some money, a journal, and the map. The local physician, Dr. Livesey and the district squire, Trelawney, deduce that the map is of the island where",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6238974",
"chunk_text": "\"Samuel Foote\"\nThe Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq.\"\" the protagonist claims Foote as a friend. Foote is also referred to in \"\"The Boswell Brothers \"\"by Philip Baruth. Samuel Foote Samuel Foote (January 1720 – 21 October 1777) was a British dramatist, actor and theatre manager from Cornwall. He was known for his comedic acting and writing, and for turning the loss of a leg in a riding accident in 1766 to comedic opportunity. Born into a well-to-do family, Foote was baptized in Truro, Cornwall on 27 January 1720. His father, Samuel Foote, held several public positions, including mayor of Truro, Member of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12154119",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island\"\ninterrupt their drunken quarrel to run on deck, but the ship—with Jim's boat in her wake—is swept out to sea on the ebb tide. Exhausted, Jim falls asleep in the boat and wakes up the next morning, bobbing along on the west coast of the island, carried by a northerly current. Eventually, he encounters the ship, which seems deserted, but getting on board, he finds O'Brien dead and Hands badly wounded. He and Hands agree that they will beach the ship at an inlet on the northern coast of the island. As the ship is about to beach, Hands attempts",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6571441",
"chunk_text": "\"Prosthetics in fiction\"\nis involved in a horseback riding accident, and struck by a large truck. She gets a prosthetic leg, and learns how to walk on it and ride again. The character Peeta Mellark from \"\"The Hunger Games\"\" loses his left leg at the end of the novel, after surviving a bad wound and blood poisoning. However, when he is attacked by one of the Mutts, the wound is bad enough that it later causes the leg to be amputated by the capitol. He is given a replacement prosthetic leg. In the manga and anime \"\"Black Butler\"\", some of the members of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18776384",
"chunk_text": "\"Treasure Island (1985 film)\"\nat a typewriter. And the man seems to know everything about Jonathan. The blind man then appears at the hotel, and tries to grab Jonathan. The captain’s familiarity is revealed when Jonathan’s mother and he are seen giggling and holding each other, it is obvious now that they are lovers. They begin to mock the husband; everyone is drunk, as Jonathan watches. After a few more ridiculous instances (as if there wasn't plenty to be fed up about already), Jonathan leaves the hotel. He eventually runs into a man on the side of the road, named Silver (Vic Tayback). He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20663410",
"chunk_text": "\"The Treasure Planet\"\nhad been busy fending off several trickster robots dressed in disguise; they had been asking for information about the map, in addition to wanting a haircut and a hamburger. When presented with the map by Filipe, Smollett organizes a crew to retrieve it. Smollett appoints Filipe as cabin boy, and brings aboard the peg-legged first mate Long John Silver and his robots; Black Dog and the other trickster robots. Blasting off into space, the long journey is interrupted by a power failure. The robots perform an elaborate song and dance, and are berated by Silver. Filipe, having snuck in to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11652944",
"chunk_text": "\"James Edward Hanger\"\nJames Edward Hanger James Edward Hanger (February 25, 1843 – June 9, 1919) was a Confederate States Army veteran of the American Civil War, a prosthetist and a businessman. It is reported that he became the first amputee of the war after being struck in the leg by a cannonball. Hanger subsequently designed and created his own prosthesis, then went on to found a prosthetic company that continues in business today. Hanger was born at Mount Hope, his father's plantation near Churchville, Virginia. His parents were William Alexander Hanger and Eliza Hogshed Hanger. He attended local elementary schools and, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_679
|
who was the first territorial governor of oklahoma?
|
n/a
|
[
"George Washington Steele"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "16992186",
"chunk_text": "\"Governor of Oklahoma\"\nin turn had to be ratified by territorial lawmakers. The governor had the power to appoint justices to the territorial high court. The governor was responsible to the U.S. president on addressing issues in the territory and served as the representative as the federal government of the United States. He was also the Commander in Chief of the territorial militia. George Washington Steele served as the first governor of Oklahoma Territory. He vetoed the territorial legislature's attempts to move the state capital from Guthrie to Oklahoma City or Kingfisher. He was instrumental in the establishment of two universities that would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16992188",
"chunk_text": "\"Governor of Oklahoma\"\nU.S. state of Oklahoma. The office of the governor of Oklahoma replaced the office of territorial governor. The new office was similar, but designed with new restrictions, limits, and legislative and judicial oversight. It was crafted as a \"\"weak governor system\"\" to defend the state against abuses of power that had occurred under the territorial government. Oklahoma's first governor, Charles N. Haskell, wielded executive power effectively, but in the first 20 years after he left office in 1911, the Oklahoma Legislature further limited the governor's office of its powers and impeached governors John C. Walton and Henry S. Johnston. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16992187",
"chunk_text": "\"Governor of Oklahoma\"\nbecome the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University. After only seventeen months in office, Steele resigned effective October 18, 1891. In his place, President Benjamin Harrison appointed Abraham Jefferson Seay to the governorship. Robert Martin, Secretary of Oklahoma Territory, served as acting governor from October 18, 1891, until February 1892, when Seay took the oath of office. Frank Frantz served as the final governor of Oklahoma Territory. He was an unsuccessful candidate for governor in the first state gubernatorial election. After the Oklahoma Constitution was written and accepted in 1907, the Oklahoma and Indian territories joined to form the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5432398",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Frantz\"\nFrank Frantz Frank Frantz (May 7, 1872 – March 9, 1941) was an American Rough Rider and politician who served as the seventh and final Governor of Oklahoma Territory (1906–07). Frantz ran on the Republican ticket to serve as the first Governor of the State of Oklahoma, but lost the election to Democrat Charles N. Haskell. On May 7, 1872, Frank Frantz was born in Roanoke, Illinois, the son of Henry J. and Maria Frantz. Frantz would be educated in Illinois's public schools and would spend two years attending Eureka College. Following the opening of the Cherokee Strip on September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
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"chunk_id": "10797828",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nand ratifying a constitution. The hard work of the Sequoyah State Constitutional Convention was not entirely lost. When representatives from Indian Territory joined the Oklahoma State Constitutional Convention in Guthrie the next year, they brought their constitutional experience with them. The Sequoyah Constitution served in large part as the basis for the constitution of the State of Oklahoma, which came into being with the merger of the two territories in 1907. Territorial Governor Frank Frantz oversaw the transition from territory to state. He was selected as the Republican nominee to serve as the state's first Governor. He faced the Democratic",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10797832",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nenacted by the assembly could be suspended by the President of the United States or revoked, in part or in their entirety, by an act of Congress. When George Washington Steele, the first territorial governor, took office, he issued an executive order on July 8, 1890, calling for the first elections to the assembly. The date set for this election was August 5, 1890. The assembly was to have convened August 12, but owing to the death of two members-elect a special election was called and the convening of the legislature was postponed until August 27, 1890. The territorial assembly",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4786245",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles N. Haskell\"\nCharles N. Haskell Charles Nathaniel Haskell (March 13, 1860 – July 5, 1933) was an American lawyer, oilman, and politician who was the first governor of Oklahoma. As a delegate to Oklahoma's constitutional convention in 1906, he played a crucial role in drafting the Oklahoma Constitution and gaining Oklahoma's admission into the United States as the 46th state in 1907. A prominent businessman in Muskogee, he helped the city grow in importance. He represented the city as a delegate in both the Oklahoma convention and an earlier convention that was a failed attempt to create a U.S. state of Sequoyah.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5865681",
"chunk_text": "\"Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma\"\nof Oklahoma is Republican Todd Lamb. His first term began on January 10, 2011, replacing Lieutenant Governor Jari Askins. Although there was no lieutenant governor in Oklahoma Territory prior to the creation of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, a territorial secretary served as the immediate successor to the governorship of Oklahoma Territory if the position became vacant. Two territorial secretaries succeeded territorial governors. Secretary Robert Martin became acting governor of the territory after Governor George Washington Steele's resignation in 1890 and Secretary William C. Grimes served as acting governor of the territory in 1901. When the Oklahoma Constitution was adopted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16917234",
"chunk_text": "\"William Cary Renfrow\"\nWilliam Cary Renfrow William Cary Renfrow (March 15, 1845 – January 31, 1922) was an American businessman who served as the 3rd Governor of Oklahoma Territory from 1893 to 1897. The third territorial governor was born at Smithfield, North Carolina on March 15, 1845. He attended the public schools which he left at the age of 17 years to enter the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War, and on February 25, 1862, enlisted in Company C, 50th North Carolina Infantry Regiment at Smithfield and was mustered into service at Camp Mangum on April 21, 1862, as a sergeant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10797831",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\na marshal. President Benjamin Harrison appointed George Washington Steele, a Republican from Indiana, as the first territorial governor. The Organic Act called for the establishment of a bicameral Territorial Legislative Assembly composed of a Territorial Council, the upper house of the assembly, and Territorial House of Representatives, the lower house of the assembly. The assembly could only create laws consistent with the Constitution of the United States and the Organic Act, but did not require the consent of Congress to take effect. They had the same force of law, as did a law passed by a regular state government. Laws",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11295315",
"chunk_text": "\"George W. Bellamy\"\nGeorge W. Bellamy George W. Bellamy (1867–1920) was the first Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma. He served from 1907 until 1911 alongside Oklahoma's first governor, Charles Haskell. Bellamy was born in Missouri in December 1867. He married Lou Blanche Jones in Stillwater, Oklahoma on December 5, 1894. They had a daughter named Constance, before Lou's death in 1900. Bellamy worked as a pharmacist. A member of the Democratic Party, Bellamy was elected as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma in 1907, beating Republican N. G. Turk with 132,568 (54.7%) to 100,106 votes (41.31%), and served until 1911 alongside Governor Charles Haskell. He was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4118420",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education\"\neducation, as the first university in Oklahoma. Six days later, on Christmas Day, 1890, Governor Steele signed the bills creating the Oklahoma Territorial Agricultural and Mechanical College at Stillwater as a land grant institution (now Oklahoma State University) and the Oklahoma Territorial Normal School at Edmond (now University of Central Oklahoma) to provide training for public school teachers in the new territory. The Territorial Normal School opened on November 1, 1891. Six weeks later, on December 14, Territorial A&M College opened. The Territorial University would not open until August 1892 with Dr. David Ross Boyd as the University's first president.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12400110",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nalphabet. Later, by vote of the people, these were given permanent county names. The first seven numbered counties, later were named as follows: Logan, Cleveland, Oklahoma, Canadian, Kingfisher, Payne and Beaver. The Secretary of the Interior defined the boundaries and assigned the names of the three counties to be defined and their names assigned by executive proclamation when the Kiowa-Comanche and Wichita-Caddo Reservations were opened to settlement in 1901. Greer County, created by the Texas legislature on February 8, 1860, and named for John Alexander Greer, a Texas lieutenant governor, was land claimed by both Texas and the United States.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17315291",
"chunk_text": "\"Governor of Oklahoma\"\nensuring that state laws are enforced, and that the peace is preserved. The governor's term is four years in length. The office was created in 1907 when Oklahoma was officially admitted to the United States as the 46th state. Prior to statehood in 1907, the office was preceded by a Presidential appointed Governor of Oklahoma Territory with similar powers. The 27th and current Governor of Oklahoma is Republican Mary Fallin. Before statehood in 1907, modern day Oklahoma was composed of Oklahoma and Indian territories. While Indian Territory was semi-independent of the federal government as Indian nations land, Oklahoma Territory was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11295316",
"chunk_text": "\"George W. Bellamy\"\nthe first in a long line of Democratic Lieutenant Governors, lasting until 1995. George W. Bellamy George W. Bellamy (1867–1920) was the first Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma. He served from 1907 until 1911 alongside Oklahoma's first governor, Charles Haskell. Bellamy was born in Missouri in December 1867. He married Lou Blanche Jones in Stillwater, Oklahoma on December 5, 1894. They had a daughter named Constance, before Lou's death in 1900. Bellamy worked as a pharmacist. A member of the Democratic Party, Bellamy was elected as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma in 1907, beating Republican N. G. Turk with 132,568 (54.7%) to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16378943",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territorial Legislature\"\nOklahoma Territorial Legislature The Oklahoma Territorial Legislature was the legislative branch of the government of the Oklahoma Territory. It was organized as a bicameral legislature with a territorial council and a territorial house of representatives. They met for 120-day sessions in Guthrie, Oklahoma. George W. Steele of Indiana, the first Oklahoma territorial governor, scheduled the election of the first legislature for August 5, 1890. The elected lawmakers met for the first time later that year. The Oklahoma Territorial Legislature met for the last time in 1905. The territorial legislature was responsible for establishing higher education institutions in the region. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14960771",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Legislature\"\nto high-level executive positions. Bills for raising revenue may only originate in the Oklahoma House of Representatives. Bills approved by the legislature must be sent to the Governor of Oklahoma for approval. Prior to 1907 statehood, Oklahoma Territory had the Oklahoma Territorial Legislature that met in Guthrie, Oklahoma. Upon statehood, the Oklahoma Constitution established the Oklahoma Legislature. The 1st Oklahoma Legislature met in the Guthrie City Hall Building and elected William H. Murray as the first Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The first three staff members appointed by Murray were a Union veteran, a Confederate veteran, and an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9529987",
"chunk_text": "\"Cassius McDonald Barnes\"\nCassius McDonald Barnes Cassius McDonald Barnes (August 25, 1845 – February 18, 1925) was a soldier in the Union Army in the American Civil War and a lawyer and Republican politician who served as the 4th Governor of Oklahoma Territory. The son of Henry Hogan and Semantha Barnes, Cassius McDonald Barnes was born in Livingston County in western New York. When he was a young boy the family moved to Michigan. He attended both public schools and the Wesleyan Church Seminary in Albion, Michigan. In 1861, at the age of sixteen, Barnes joined the Union army as a volunteer soldier.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "688738",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert S. Kerr\"\nRobert S. Kerr Robert Samuel Kerr (September 11, 1896 – January 1, 1963) was an American businessman and politician from Oklahoma. Kerr formed a petroleum company before turning to politics. He served as the 12th Governor of Oklahoma and was elected three times to the United States Senate. Kerr worked natural resources, and his legacy includes water projects that link the Arkansas River via the Gulf of Mexico. He was the first Oklahoma governor born in the territory of the state. Kerr was born in a log cabin in Pontotoc County — near what is now Ada — in Indian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16917238",
"chunk_text": "\"William Cary Renfrow\"\nfield in Texas where he spent a considerable portion of his time. His business ventures were highly successful. Renfrow died while sitting in the lobby of the Massey Hotel at Bentonville, Arkansas on January 31, 1922, while en route from Miami to Russellville on account of the illness of his brother. His is buried in the cemetery at Russellville by the side of his wife who died some years before. William Cary Renfrow William Cary Renfrow (March 15, 1845 – January 31, 1922) was an American businessman who served as the 3rd Governor of Oklahoma Territory from 1893 to 1897.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "854549",
"chunk_text": "\"Cyrus Harris\"\nburied there during the 1990s. Their other daughter, Lucy Harris Lael, had been reburied in Oaklawn Cemetery in Wynnewood, Oklahoma. Cyrus Harris Cyrus Harris (1817-1888), a mixed blood Chickasaw born in Mississippi, was elected the first Governor of the Chickasaw Nation, and served five non-consecutive two-year terms. Although his formal schooling was limited at an elementary level, he became fluent in both the English and Chickasaw languages. He and his family relocated to Indian Territory in 1837, where he was employed in business and also served as an interpreter and developed a keen interest in Chickasaw politics. In 1856, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11948746",
"chunk_text": "\"Abraham Jefferson Seay\"\nthe unorganized land into a government controlled territory with its own government. US President Benjamin Harrison appointed Major George Washington Steele to serve as the territory’s first Governor. President Harrison also appointed Seay to serve as an Associate Justice on the territory’s Supreme Court, representing the Third Judicial District. Justice Seay would serve on the Supreme Court throughout Governor Steele’s administration. On October 18, 1891, Governor Steele resigned his position and Robert Martin, the secretary of Oklahoma Territory, became the acting governor. Seay submitted his name to President Harrison to serve as the second governor. However, it would be three",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17449386",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert S. Kerr\"\ndemanded by Senator Robert Kerr of Oklahoma from the Savings and Loan industry in return for a favorable legislative adjustment\"\" [Cockburn]. Robert S. Kerr Robert Samuel Kerr (September 11, 1896 – January 1, 1963) was an American businessman and politician from Oklahoma. Kerr formed a petroleum company before turning to politics. He served as the 12th Governor of Oklahoma and was elected three times to the United States Senate. Kerr worked natural resources, and his legacy includes water projects that link the Arkansas River via the Gulf of Mexico. He was the first Oklahoma governor born in the territory of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7025739",
"chunk_text": "\"Cassius McDonald Barnes\"\nof the Masonic fraternity. Cassius McDonald Barnes Cassius McDonald Barnes (August 25, 1845 – February 18, 1925) was a soldier in the Union Army in the American Civil War and a lawyer and Republican politician who served as the 4th Governor of Oklahoma Territory. The son of Henry Hogan and Semantha Barnes, Cassius McDonald Barnes was born in Livingston County in western New York. When he was a young boy the family moved to Michigan. He attended both public schools and the Wesleyan Church Seminary in Albion, Michigan. In 1861, at the age of sixteen, Barnes joined the Union army",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12400095",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nwhich had originated in Indian Territory. Most of the Governors stayed in office for only a few months; institutions founded during this time were the University of Oklahoma, the University of Central Oklahoma (then known as the Territorial Normal School) and the Oklahoma State University (then known as Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical School). The territory's real purpose was to serve as a transitional government from unorganized territory to state. Representatives of the Five Civilized Tribes met in 1902 to work on securing statehood for Indian Territory and held a convention in Eufaula. The representatives met again in 1903 to organize",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12400108",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nas territorial court. It would also serve as a supreme court and hear cases that had been appealed from territory's lower courts. President Benjamin Harrison appointed Edward B. Green of Illinois as the first chief justice and John G. Clark of Wisconsin and Abraham J. Seay of Missouri as the first associate justices. Oklahoma Territory was divided into seven Judicial Districts in 1902, as follows: Charles Brown of Kansas was named the first Attorney General and Horace Speed of Guthrie (formerly of Indiana) was appointed the first United States attorney in Oklahoma. The Territory was entitled to elect one Delegate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5432411",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Frantz\"\nRoyalty Company. Frantz made an unsuccessful attempt to reenter politics, running to serve as the Congressman representing Oklahoma's First Congressional District in 1932. At the age of 68, overcome with health issues, Frantz lost consciousness on March 8, 1941, in Muskogee, Oklahoma. Frantz was transported to back to Tulsa where, on March 9, 1941, he died in his own home. Frank Frantz Frank Frantz (May 7, 1872 – March 9, 1941) was an American Rough Rider and politician who served as the seventh and final Governor of Oklahoma Territory (1906–07). Frantz ran on the Republican ticket to serve as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17248779",
"chunk_text": "\"Roy J. Turner\"\nRoy J. Turner Roy Joseph Turner (November 6, 1894 – June 11, 1973) was an American businessman and governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Born in 1894, in Oklahoma Territory, he served in World War I, became a prominent businessman and eventually became the 13th governor of Oklahoma. As governor, Turner helped establish the state turnpike system and college board of regents and oversaw the end of segregation in Oklahoma's higher education system. He is buried in Oklahoma City. Turner was born on November 6, 1894, near Kendrick in Lincoln County, Oklahoma Territory. Upon completion of his high school",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8466301",
"chunk_text": "\"George Washington Steele\"\nGeorge Washington Steele George Washington Steele (December 13, 1839July 12, 1922) was an American lawyer, soldier, and politician who twice served as a Congressman for Indiana, from 1881 to 1889 and again from 1895 to 1903. Steele was also the first Governor of Oklahoma Territory and was instrumental in developing the state's public education system and its two largest universities. Steele was born to Asbury and Marie Louise Steele in Fayette County, Indiana, on December 13, 1839. He received an education from Indiana's public school system and then earned a law degree from Ohio Wesleyan University. Following the completion of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16378944",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territorial Legislature\"\nPeople's Party rose during the Territorial era and voters sent several Populist candidates to the legislature. A large majority of Populist legislators were farmers. Populists elected five of 39 territorial legislators in 1890, but led through a coalition of Populists, Democrats, and renegade Republicans. They were responsible for the location of what would become Oklahoma State University in Stillwater. George Gardenhire served as the First Territorial Senate President and Arthur N. Daniels as Territorial House Speaker. The question of where the capitol would be located was what drove the coalition that wrested power away from Republicans. Generally, the Democrats were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20120532",
"chunk_text": "\"Martin E. Trapp\"\nHe is best remembered as the first lieutenant governor to become governor due to the impeachment and removal of a governor. Martin E. Trapp Martin Edwin Trapp (April 18, 1877 – July 26, 1951) was an American state auditor, governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma's third lieutenant governor, he was the first to become governor not through an election but instead due to the previous governor's impeachment and removal from office. Trapp served as the first state auditor and third lieutenant governor of Oklahoma. When Governor Jack Walton was impeached and removed from office, Trapp",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3790897",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Oklahoma\"\nof the Clovis Culture to the highly advanced Folsom and breaking off down into the lesser known cultures whose artifacts and kill sites have been well documented all over the state (Dalton, Midland, HellGap, Alberta/Scottsbluff, Calf Creek), humans were present and very active in what is now today known as the State of Oklahoma. The first recorded European to enter the region was Spanish Conquistador Hernando de Soto, who encountered many cultures of Caddoan languages-speakers, including the Caddo, Wichita, Pawnee, and Kichai peoples. Between AD 800 and 1450, much of the midwestern and southeastern US (including the eastern part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20120592",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert L. Williams\"\ncontinue to serve as needed for the remainder of his life. Williams died at his home in Durant, Oklahoma, on April 10, 1948, after a stay in Wilson N. Jones Hospital in Sherman, Texas. He is buried in City Cemetery in Durant. Robert L. Williams Robert Lee Williams (December 20, 1868 – April 10, 1948) was an American lawyer, judge, and the third governor of Oklahoma. Williams played a role in the drafting of the Oklahoma Constitution and served as the first Oklahoma Supreme Court chief justice. He also served the United States federal government as a district and circuit",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17040360",
"chunk_text": "\"David Archibald Harvey\"\nDavid Archibald Harvey David Archibald Harvey (March 20, 1845 – May 24, 1916) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Oklahoma Territory and the first person to represent Oklahoma at the federal level. Harvey was born in Stewiacke, Nova Scotia, Canada, on March 20, 1845. He moved with his parents to Clermont County, Ohio, in 1852, and attended public schools in Point Isabel, a part of Washington Township. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, Harvey joined the Union army and enlisted in Company B of the 4th Ohio Cavalry Regiment in September 1861.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16359453",
"chunk_text": "\"William H. Murray\"\nWilliam H. Murray William Henry Davis \"\"Alfalfa Bill\"\" Murray (November 21, 1869 – October 15, 1956) was an American educator, lawyer, and politician who became active in Oklahoma before statehood as legal adviser to Governor Douglas H. Johnston of the Chickasaw Nation. Although not American Indian, he was appointed by Johnston as the Chickasaw delegate to the Convention for the proposed State of Sequoyah, and was later elected as a delegate to the 1906 constitutional convention for the proposed state of Oklahoma. Murray was elected as the first Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives after statehood, as U.S. Representative,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10797829",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territory\"\nCharles N. Haskell in the election on September 17, 1907. In the same election, the Oklahoma Constitution was proposed. The Constitution was passed and Haskell was elected Governor. Once the people of Oklahoma adopted the United States Constitution on November 16, 1907, Oklahoma and Indian Territories officially dissolved and the State of Oklahoma was admitted to the Union as the 46th state. With the passage of the Oklahoma organic act, in June 1890, the territorial government came into existence. The territorial government had no constitution, except for sections of the Organic Act creating it, which served as a semi-governing document.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20120580",
"chunk_text": "\"Robert L. Williams\"\nRobert L. Williams Robert Lee Williams (December 20, 1868 – April 10, 1948) was an American lawyer, judge, and the third governor of Oklahoma. Williams played a role in the drafting of the Oklahoma Constitution and served as the first Oklahoma Supreme Court chief justice. He also served the United States federal government as a district and circuit judge. As governor, Williams oversaw the state's response to the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling against Jim Crow laws and its involvement in World War I. He instituted the Oklahoma State Board of Affairs, which provided central purchasing services to state agencies. Due",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16881249",
"chunk_text": "\"George Gardenhire\"\nGeorge Gardenhire George W. Gardenhire was the first president of the Oklahoma Territorial Legislature and a member of the Oklahoma's People Party. Born in 1841 in Marion County, Tennessee, Gardenhire moved to Lawrence County, Arkansas with his family when he was 10. Gardenhire served in the Civil War for several years and returned to Arkansas where he married Rebecca James in 1866. He moved to Cowley County, Kansas in 1869. He moved to Payne County, Oklahoma in 1889. Gardenhire is best known for pushing through a compromise bill that set up what would become Oklahoma State University - Stillwater. Gardenhire",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13029641",
"chunk_text": "\"Henry S. Johnston\"\nimpeaching and removing another Oklahoma governor from office. Nationwide, it would be nearly 60 years before another U.S. governor was impeached—Governor Evan Mecham of Arizona in 1988. Henry S. Johnston Henry Simpson Johnston (December 30, 1867 – January 7, 1965) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a delegate to the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention, the first President pro tempore of the Oklahoma Senate, and the seventh governor of Oklahoma. He would become the second governor in Oklahoma history to be impeached and removed from office. As governor, Johnston successfully proposed the establishment of a crippled children's hospital and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17315292",
"chunk_text": "\"Governor of Oklahoma\"\nan organized territory under the supervision of the United States Congress. Within the Oklahoma Territory, a tripartite government existed, including a territorial legislature, a territorial supreme court, and a territorial governor. The President of the United States appointed territorial governors to four-year terms. Despite a set term, the governor served at the pleasure of the U.S. president, meaning that the president could replace him before his term was up. The governor was the head of the territorial government. He had the power to veto legislation proposed by the territorial legislature and the power to appoint members to his cabinet, who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18782042",
"chunk_text": "\"David Archibald Harvey\"\nHope, New Mexico in 1916 in an effort to restore his health. He died there on May 24, 1916 (age 71 years, 65 days). He is interred at Seneca Cemetery in Seneca, Missouri. In 1881 Harvey married Mary Crapsey of Cincinnati, Ohio. David Archibald Harvey David Archibald Harvey (March 20, 1845 – May 24, 1916) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Oklahoma Territory and the first person to represent Oklahoma at the federal level. Harvey was born in Stewiacke, Nova Scotia, Canada, on March 20, 1845. He moved with his parents to Clermont County, Ohio,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16917236",
"chunk_text": "\"William Cary Renfrow\"\nOklahoma for settlement in 1889, he located at Norman, Oklahoma where he was engaged in the banking business in association with T. M. Richardson of Oklahoma City. President Grover Cleveland appointed Renfrow as governor of Oklahoma Territory and on May 7, 1893 the oath of office was administered to him at Guthrie. He was a democrat, being the only governor from that party during the territorial days. The outstanding event of his administration was the opening of the Cherokee Outlet on September 16, 1893. It was during his tenure that the Oklahoma Historical Society was formed and on February 21,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16378947",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Territorial Legislature\"\nWashington Steele legally approved the creation of University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma on December 19, 1890, and the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College in Stillwater, Oklahoma and Oklahoma Normal School for Teachers located in Edmond, Oklahoma on December 25, 1890. In 1897, Colored Agricultural and Normal University in Langston, Oklahoma Normal School for Teachers in Alva, Oklahoma, were created. In 1901, Normal School for Teachers in Weatherford, Oklahoma, and the Oklahoma University Preparatory School in Tonkawa, Oklahoma, were also established. In 1901, the territorial legislature appropriated funds to establish the University Preparatory School at Tonkawa, Oklahoma. The First Territorial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20807571",
"chunk_text": "\"Roy J. Turner\"\nnamed for Turner in commemoration of efforts during his administration that led to the construction of the toll road between the state's two largest cities. The turnpike opened to traffic in 1953, two years after his term as governor ended. Roy J. Turner Roy Joseph Turner (November 6, 1894 – June 11, 1973) was an American businessman and governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Born in 1894, in Oklahoma Territory, he served in World War I, became a prominent businessman and eventually became the 13th governor of Oklahoma. As governor, Turner helped establish the state turnpike system and college",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11986450",
"chunk_text": "\"James B. A. Robertson\"\nJames B. A. Robertson James Brooks Ayres Robertson (March 15, 1871 – March 7, 1938), sometimes called J. B. A. Robertson, was an American lawyer, judge and the fourth governor of Oklahoma. Robertson was appointed by the state's first governor, Charles N. Haskell, to serve as a district judge. Passing a bar exam at the age of 21, Robertson became one of the most resourceful trial lawyers and legal counselors in the Oklahoma and Indian territories, before statehood. His gubernatorial term was marked by Oklahoma's ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment, for Prohibition, and the Nineteenth Amendment, for women's suffrage, to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8514309",
"chunk_text": "\"James S. Buchanan\"\nnewer University of Oklahoma, a connection he would maintain for the rest of his career. Around the dawn of the Twentieth Century, territorial colleges and universities were ripe fields for political patronage. There had been only one Democratic Governor in Oklahoma Territory since it was created in 1890, W. C. Renfrow was appointed by Democratic President Grover Cleveland and served between 1893 and 1897. David Ross Boyd, the first President of OU, had been appointed by the first Oklahoma Territorial Governor, George W. Steele, a Republican, who had been appointed by Republican President Benjamin Harrison. At the first statewide election",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "340407",
"chunk_text": "\"Lee Cruce\"\nLee Cruce Lee Cruce (July 8, 1863 – January 16, 1933) was an American lawyer, banker and the second governor of Oklahoma. Losing to Charles N. Haskell in the 1907 Democratic primary election to serve as the first governor of Oklahoma, Cruce successfully campaigned to succeed Haskell to serve as the second governor of Oklahoma. As governor, Cruce was responsible for the establishment of the Oklahoma Department of Highways and the Oklahoma State Capitol. He worked hard to enforce prohibitions on alcohol and gambling, going so far as to use the state militia to stop horse racing. He was succeeded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5744961",
"chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education\"\nwith the Oklahoma Territory Organic Act, enacted laws creating three institutions of higher education in 1890. The United States Congress mandated that the Territory have access to three different types of colleges: a liberal arts and professional education college, an agriculture and mechanical arts college to meet the provisions of the Morrill Act of 1862, and a normal school college On December 19 of 1890, the first Governor of Oklahoma Territory George Washington Steele signed the bill that created the Oklahoma Territorial University at Norman (now the University of Oklahoma), the institution designated to provide the liberal arts and professional",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8359499",
"chunk_text": "\"A. Grant Evans\"\nrationale for Evans showing up in Muskogee in time to either be appointed to Kendall College or to marry his wife. Prior to becoming the president at Oklahoma University in 1908, he served as the president of Henry Kendall College in Muskogee, Oklahoma, for ten years. During his time Kendall College, he was awarded a Doctor of Divinity (D. D.) degree. When Oklahoma became a state in 1907, the first governor, Charles N. Haskell, made several changes to the staff of the then territorial college. His most notable change was the firing of the university's first president, David Ross Boyd.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1543018",
"chunk_text": "\"Martin E. Trapp\"\nMartin E. Trapp Martin Edwin Trapp (April 18, 1877 – July 26, 1951) was an American state auditor, governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma's third lieutenant governor, he was the first to become governor not through an election but instead due to the previous governor's impeachment and removal from office. Trapp served as the first state auditor and third lieutenant governor of Oklahoma. When Governor Jack Walton was impeached and removed from office, Trapp became the sixth governor of Oklahoma. As governor, he was responsible for the establishment of a state bureau of investigation, conservation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_680
|
who did the mavericks beat in the finals?
|
n/a
|
[
"Miami Heat"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990461",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nMavericks then won the next three games, including a 15-point comeback in game 4, to take the series in five games. The Mavericks claimed their second Western Conference Championship in franchise history, and met the team that defeated them in the 2006 NBA Finals, the Miami Heat. The Mavs entered the 2011 NBA Finals as underdogs, due to Miami's \"\"Big Three\"\" coming together during the course of the 2010–11 NBA Playoffs. After dropping game one in Miami by a score of 92–84, the Mavs needed more than just Nowitzki to score, with Nowitzki even calling out teammate Jason Terry earlier",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447961",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nFinals. Despite much anticipation of a renewed meeting in the 2007 Western Conference finals, the Mavericks lost to the Golden State Warriors in one of the greatest upsets in NBA history. The Spurs won the NBA finals after beating the Cleveland Cavaliers 4–0. The eighth seed Warriors, who made the playoffs on the last game of the NBA season, defeated the 67-win, first-seed Mavericks in six games. Meanwhile, the Spurs would ultimately go on to win the 2007 NBA Championship, establishing themselves as a true NBA dynasty. The season also gave longtime former Maverick Michael Finley his first championship. Many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17064368",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\ntheir first NBA Finals in franchise history. In the NBA Finals, the Mavericks faced the Miami Heat, held home-court advantage and scored two convincing wins. After game 2, Dallas city officials had already planned the victory parade. However, in Game 3, the Mavs blew a late double-digit lead, courtesy of Heat guard Dwyane Wade. He carried the Heat to the win, with Nowitzki missing a potentially game-tying free throw in the last seconds. After getting blown out in Game 4, the Mavericks suffered another loss in Game 5 when Wade scored the game-tying basket in the last possession of regular",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16719914",
"chunk_text": "\"2011 NBA Finals\"\n2011 NBA Finals The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the 2010–11 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA) in which the Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship. The series was held from May 31 to June 12, 2011. German player Dirk Nowitzki was named the Finals MVP, becoming the second European to win the award after Tony Parker (2007) and the first German player to do so. The series was a rematch of the 2006 NBA Finals, which the Heat had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18537573",
"chunk_text": "\"2010–11 Dallas Mavericks season\"\nagainst the Miami Heat in a rematch of the 2006 NBA Finals, where they lost to the Heat in six games, and the Heat were led by their Big Three of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, and Chris Bosh. The Mavericks would go on to defeat the Heat in six games in the NBA Finals, winning their first NBA championship in franchise history. The Mavericks' championship was the first major sports championship in the Dallas-Fort Worth area since the Dallas Stars in 1999, and the first title in Mavericks franchise history. The Mavericks became the third team to win an NBA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19444856",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nSan Antonio Spurs. Five out of the seven games were decided in the last minute, including a Game 7 that had to go into overtime, with the Mavs prevailing under the guidance of Dirk Nowitzki and an incredibly deep bench. The Mavericks were able to advance to the Conference Finals against former teammate Steve Nash and the Phoenix Suns. The Mavs' defense and depth enabled them to take the series, as they defeated the Phoenix Suns in game 6 of the Western Conference Finals on June 3, 2006 in the US Airways Center in Phoenix, and the Mavs advanced to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577955",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\na 48-point performance, with the Mavericks taking game 1 by a score of 121-112. The Thunder then responded with 106-100 victory in game 2. The Mavericks then won the next three games, including a 15-point comeback in game 4, to take the series in five games. The Mavericks claimed their second Western Conference Championship in franchise history, and met the team that defeated them in the 2006 NBA Finals, the Miami Heat. The Mavs entered the 2010–2011 NBA Finals as underdogs, due to Miami's \"\"Big Three\"\" coming together during the course of the 2010–11 NBA Playoffs. After dropping game one",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3111958",
"chunk_text": "\"2011 NBA Finals\"\nthe Heat would win four straight games to capture their second NBA championship. 2011 NBA Finals The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the 2010–11 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA) in which the Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship. The series was held from May 31 to June 12, 2011. German player Dirk Nowitzki was named the Finals MVP, becoming the second European to win the award after Tony Parker (2007) and the first German player to do so. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447964",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nSpurs in the first round of the Western Conference Playoffs. Although the Mavericks managed to obtain the number two seed, they were defeated by the Spurs in six games. During the 2011 playoffs, a role reversal of sorts occurred between the two rivals, when the top seeded Spurs were defeated by the eighth seeded Memphis Grizzlies, the first time an eight seed defeated a one seed since the infamous Mavs-Warriors series of 2007. In addition, the Mavericks defeated the LeBron James-led Miami Heat in the NBA Finals, similar again to how the 2007 Spurs defeated a LeBron James-led Cleveland Cavaliers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990485",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nthe Mavericks have 3 60-win seasons. This is known as the \"\"I-35 rivalry\"\" because both cities lie on Interstate 35. The two teams met in the playoffs during the 2000–2001 season with the Spurs winning in five games. Little was made during this series, as the Spurs won their first NBA championship only two years before. The Mavericks, run by a trio of Steve Nash, Michael Finley, and Dirk Nowitzki, had just defeated the Utah Jazz despite not having home court advantage and were only starting to meld into a title contender. The two teams met again in 2003 in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990489",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nIn the crucial Game 7, with 2.6 seconds to go, Nowitzki converted a three-point play to force overtime. Manu Ginóbili, who fouled Dirk on the play, had just given San Antonio their first lead one possession earlier. Tim Duncan, who had played in all 48 minutes of regulation, was too fatigued to carry his team in overtime. The Mavericks, meanwhile, were set to take control of the game and they did just that, winning 119–111. The Mavericks went on to the Conference Finals where they defeated the Suns in six games, but succumbed to the champion Heat in the NBA",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990482",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nplayers while the Miami Heat came in with a respectable 52–30 record and sported an aging but still strong Shaquille O'Neal as well as an up-and-coming Dwyane Wade. Dallas was favored by many in the media to win the series. The Dallas Mavericks won the first two games but Miami went on to sweep the next four and win the NBA championship for the first time in team history. Both teams saw success over the next few seasons and appeared in the playoffs multiple times, and would ultimately go on to have a rematch in the 2011 NBA Finals. It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19444848",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nMavericks, with a 57–25 record and many sellout crowds in the American Airlines Center. This season also saw a change in logo and colors, changing from the cowboy hat logo and green to a new horse logo. In addition, the team gained sleeker uniforms. Another blockbuster trade sent Juwan Howard, Tim Hardaway and Donnell Harvey to the Denver Nuggets in exchange for Raef LaFrentz, Nick Van Exel, Tariq Abdul-Wahad and Avery Johnson, the Mavericks also made several attempts to sign the Utah Jazz's star Karl Malone. The Mavericks swept the Kevin Garnett-led Minnesota Timberwolves in the playoffs but lost again",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577930",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\nMavs advanced to their first NBA Finals in franchise history. In the NBA Finals, the Mavericks faced the Miami Heat, held home-court advantage and scored two convincing wins. After game 2, Dallas city officials had already planned the victory parade. However, in Game 3, the Mavs blew a late double-digit lead, courtesy of Heat guard Dwyane Wade. He carried the Heat to the win, with Nowitzki missing a potentially game-tying free throw in the last seconds. After getting blown out in Game 4, the Mavericks suffered another loss in Game 5 when Wade scored the game-tying basket in the last",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499640",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\noff-season, owner Mark Cuban decided to maintain financial flexibility by letting Tyson Chandler, DeShawn Stevenson, J. J. Barea and Caron Butler go. Chandler signed with the New York Knicks, Stevenson joined the New Jersey Nets, Barea went to the Minnesota Timberwolves, and Butler joined the Los Angeles Clippers. Meanwhile, they acquired incumbent NBA Sixth Man of the Year Lamar Odom via a trade with the Lakers, while signing veterans Vince Carter and Delonte West. The Mavericks raised their championship banner prior to their Finals rematch with the Heat on Christmas Day, but in what would soon become a mirror image",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17349964",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\nNBA champions the San Antonio Spurs. Five out of the seven games were decided in the last minute, including a Game 7 that had to go into overtime, with the Mavs prevailing under the guidance of Dirk Nowitzki and an incredibly deep bench. The Mavericks were able to advance to the Conference Finals against former teammate Steve Nash and the Phoenix Suns. The Mavs' defense and depth enabled them to take the series, as they defeated the Phoenix Suns in game 6 of the Western Conference Finals on June 3, 2006 in the US Airways Center in Phoenix, and the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19444820",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nHouston Rockets in four games and the Nuggets in six, leaving only the defending NBA Champion Lakers between them and their first-ever trip to the NBA Finals. The Mavericks gave the Lakers everything they could handle, but in the end the more experienced Lakers prevailed, defeating Dallas in seven games on the way to eventually winning their second consecutive NBA Championship. Despite all the changes, the Mavs remained in contention. However, their season effectively ended when James Donaldson went down with a ruptured patella tendon on March 10, 1989 and missed the rest of the season as a result. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990484",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nin the ABA as the Dallas Chaparrals and did not move to San Antonio until 1973. On October 11, 1980, the Mavs made their NBA debut by defeating the Spurs 103–92. The teams have met numerous times in the playoffs, with the Spurs defeating the Mavericks in 2001, 2003, 2010, and 2014, while the Mavericks defeated the Spurs in 2006 and 2009. The Spurs have won five championships and six conference titles, while the Mavericks have won one championship and two conference titles. The Spurs have won 15 division titles, while the Mavericks have won 3. Both the Spurs and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990481",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nthe Basketball Hall of Fame as a coach. Rick Carlisle has been the head coach of the Mavericks since 2008. Carlisle led the team to their first championship in franchise history in 2011, against their 2006 Finals opponent, the Miami Heat, in a rematch. The Mavericks-Heat rivalry is a testament to when the two teams faced each other in the NBA finals on two separate occasions. First they came head to head in the 2006 NBA Finals, in which the two teams captured their first respective conference titles. The Mavericks came into the series 60–22 with a strong group of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499659",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nwas also the first time that either team had reached the Finals since 2006. This time, however, Miami was favored to win after a highly publicized event when Miami signed LeBron James and Chris Bosh to their roster. Dallas came in with a 57–25 record while the Heat came in 58–24. Miami won the first game 92–84, but Dallas went on to win four of the next five and upset the Heat to win the first title in franchise history. The Mavericks-Spurs rivalry is relatively new but very fierce. It features two teams with Dallas roots—the Spurs began their life",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577921",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\nseason for the Mavericks, with a 57–25 record and many sellout crowds in the American Airlines Center. This season also saw a change in logo and colors, changing from the cowboy hat logo and green to a new horse logo. In addition, the team gained sleeker uniforms. Another blockbuster trade sent Juwan Howard, Tim Hardaway and Donnell Harvey to the Denver Nuggets in exchange for Raef LaFrentz, Nick Van Exel, Tariq Abdul-Wahad and Avery Johnson, the Mavericks also made several attempts to sign the Utah Jazz's star Karl Malone. The Mavericks swept the Kevin Garnett-led Minnesota Timberwolves in the playoffs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9779730",
"chunk_text": "\"2006 NBA Finals\"\nNBA Championship contested the NBA Finals. The two teams met again five years later in 2011, the second Finals appearance for both franchises, with the Mavericks winning the rematch over the Heat. This was the second NBA Finals matchup of teams from Florida and Texas, after the Houston Rockets and Orlando Magic contested the 1995 NBA Finals. Until the Miami Heat defeated the San Antonio Spurs in the 2013 NBA Finals, it was the last Finals loss by a team from Texas (the Rockets lost in 1981 and 1986) against eight championships (five by the Spurs, two by the Rockets,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499651",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nThe Mavericks were the seventh seed in the playoffs and finished the season 50–32. On April 25, 2016, the Mavericks were once again knocked out of the first round, this time by the Oklahoma City Thunder in a 4–1 series loss. After managing to win a game at OKC and tying the series 1–1, the Mavericks lost three straight to lose the series. This series was marked by physicality by both teams, including a Kevin Durant Flagrant 2 foul and several Mavericks playing very defensively on Russell Westbrook and Kevin Durant. The Mavericks did not make the playoffs during the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447978",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nConference Finals and eventually became the back-to-back champions after winning the NBA Finals. In 2011, the Mavericks met the two-time defending champions Lakers in the semifinals and rejected their three-peat by sweeping them in four games and eventually won the NBA Finals. In Game 2 of the 2011 NBA Playoffs, Ron Artest was ejected for hitting J. J. Barea and suspended for Game 3. In Game 4, Lamar Odom was ejected for pushing Dirk Nowitzki and then Andrew Bynum was ejected for elbowing J. J. Barea. Both players received flagrant foul 2. After the 2011 NBA lockout, Lamar Odom was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499638",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\ndown the stretch to tie the series at two. Game 5 was a bit of an offensive showcase, with both teams breaking 100 points for the first time in the series. Jason Kidd and Jason Terry both hit huge shots down the stretch and the Mavericks defeated the Heat 112–103, putting them one game from their first ever NBA title. Three nights later, the Mavericks captured their first ever NBA title with a 105–95 victory, completely reversing what had happened in the 2006 NBA Finals. Nowitzki scored 21, including 18 in the second half, and Terry provided 27 points off",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1352012",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Kidd\"\nas the Mavericks lost in six games to the San Antonio Spurs in the first round of the 2010 NBA Playoffs. It was rumored that Kidd had gone through a flu just before the series began which might have affected his physical conditions. He did not speak to reporters after Games 5 and 6 and skipped the team's final meeting. Kidd won the NBA championship with the Dallas Mavericks on June 12, 2011, defeating NBA All-Stars LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, and Chris Bosh and the Miami Heat. After appearing and losing in two different NBA finals, it was the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447969",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nDirk Nowitzki hit a game-winning turn-around jumper in Game 2 to beat Phoenix 108–106 to send the series back to Dallas tied 1–1. Phoenix and Dallas split the two games in Dallas which saw both winners of games score 119 points. The series went back Phoenix then took care of Dallas 114–108 in the America West Arena (now US Airways Center). Then, in Game Six, with Dallas facing elimination, Phoenix beat Dallas in a thriller which saw Steve Nash with a 39-point game, to go along with 12 assists. Phoenix then made it to the Western Conference Finals, where they",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990460",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nfrom Nowitzki in a 98–92 victory. The Mavericks then provided the perfect \"\"exclamation point\"\", crushing the Lakers in game 4 by a score of 122–86. In that game, Jason Terry set an NBA playoff record with nine three-pointers with just one miss, ousting the Lakers in a four-game sweep. The Mavericks then met the upstart Oklahoma City Thunder in the Western Conference Finals. Dirk Nowitzki set the tone in the series in game one with a 48-point performance, with the Mavericks taking game 1 by a score of 121–112. The Thunder then responded with 106–100 victory in game 2. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4051020",
"chunk_text": "\"2005–06 Dallas Mavericks season\"\nand Dwyane Wade, in six games. Following the season, Keith Van Horn retired. Dallas and Miami would meet again in the 2011 NBA Finals, where the Mavericks would get their revenge, defeating the favored Heat, who was led by the Big Three of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, and Chris Bosh, in six games to win their first ever NBA championship; teammates Nowitzki and Jason Terry are the only members of both 2006 and 2011 Finals teams. The Mavericks did not have any selections in the 2005 NBA Draft. (4) Dallas Mavericks vs. (5) Memphis Grizzlies Last Playoffs meeting: This is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5936816",
"chunk_text": "\"Sports in Dallas\"\nThe city is home to the Dallas Mavericks. Their original arena was the now demolished Reunion Arena, but now they play at the American Airlines Center. The Mavericks won their first championship in 2011 led by their German superstar Dirk Nowitzki. The Mavericks have enjoyed having one of the largest fanbases in the NBA, consistently ranking in the top 5 over the last few years in attendance. They have had a consecutive streak of playoff appearances since the 2000–01 season except for the 2012–13 season, where they finished with an even 41–41 record and out of the playoffs as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19444855",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nwas named the inaugural FIBA Europe Player of the Year. Up until the very end of the season, the Mavericks were toe-to-toe with the San Antonio Spurs for the crown of the Southwest Division as well as the #1 spot in the Western Conference. However, they fell short of the title and had to settle for a fourth seed. Nonetheless, they once again achieved a 60–22 record, with Avery Johnson winning NBA Coach of the Year honors. In the playoffs, they swept the Memphis Grizzlies, leading to a titanic series against their state rivals and the reigning NBA champions the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20784525",
"chunk_text": "\"2011 NBA Finals\"\nsix games, after the Mavericks were up 2–0. It was also the first time since 2006 that neither the Los Angeles Lakers nor the San Antonio Spurs represented the Western Conference in the Finals and only the second time since , and also the thirteenth consecutive NBA Finals to feature a Western Conference Champion from either the states of California or Texas. This was the first finals since 1998 not to feature Kobe Bryant (2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2010), Shaquille O'Neal (2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006) or Tim Duncan (1999, 2003, 2005, 2007). The Mavericks' appearance also meant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990486",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nthe Western Conference Finals. Both the Spurs and the Mavericks had 60-win seasons and reached the Western Conference Finals after defeating the Los Angeles Lakers and the Sacramento Kings, respectively. Despite having the best season of their history, the Mavericks fell in six games to the Spurs. The rivalry took on a new meaning in 2005 when, near the end of the regular season, Don Nelson would resign as head coach of the Mavericks, apparently satisfied with the state of the team, and hand the coaching reins to former Spur Avery Johnson, the point guard of the 1999 NBA champion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14974603",
"chunk_text": "\"2006 NBA Finals\"\nand one by the Mavericks, who won a rematch of this Finals in ). The Dallas Mavericks franchise joined the NBA in the 1980–81 season. During the mid-1980s they rose to become contenders in the Western Conference, culminating in a 1988 conference finals appearance, which they lost to the Los Angeles Lakers in seven games. The Mavericks would decline shortly after, and from 1988 until 2000, they missed the playoffs in eleven of those years, including a combined 24–140 record in the 1992–93 and 1993–94 seasons. However, with the sale of the team to Mark Cuban, and the addition of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990467",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nnumbers since the 2000–01 season. Meanwhile, Odom proved to be a bad fit for the Mavericks, and they decided to sit him out for the final two months of the season. In a rematch from the previous year, the Mavericks faced the Oklahoma City Thunder in the first round of the 2012 NBA Playoffs. Games 1 and 2 went down the wire, but the Mavericks fell short on both occasions as Kevin Durant made a game-winning jumper in Game 1, and with late-game free throws in Game 2. Back in Dallas for Game 3, the Mavericks suffered a 95–79 defeat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577901",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\nRolando Blackman scored his 10,000th career point. Aguirre led the team in scoring for the sixth consecutive year with 25.1 points per game, and Roy Tarpley won the NBA Sixth Man Award with averages of 13.5 points and 11.8 rebounds. The season saw the Mavs' deepest playoff run to date. They dispatched the Houston Rockets in four games and the Nuggets in six, leaving only the defending NBA Champion Lakers between them and their first-ever trip to the NBA Finals. The Mavericks gave the Lakers everything they could handle, but in the end the more experienced Lakers prevailed, defeating Dallas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499674",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\neventually lost to the San Antonio Spurs who then went on to win the NBA Title that season. The following year, a Suns team without Stoudemire (who was injured), Joe Johnson, and Quentin Richardson, but with a core of new players led by Raja Bell (who clotheslined Lakers star Kobe Bryant in a first-round series game), Boris Diaw and Tim Thomas to go along with Nash and fellow All-Star Shawn Marion. Phoenix had to play seven game series against the two Los Angeles teams, the Los Angeles Lakers (who had a 3–1 lead against Phoenix) and the resurgent Los Angeles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10990459",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nthen responded, posting back-to-back wins to oust the Blazers in six games. They then met the two-time defending champion Los Angeles Lakers in the Western Conference Semifinals. This series was the first time that Kobe Bryant had met Dirk Nowitzki in a playoff series and was expected to be extremely competitive; that however did not prove to be the case. The Mavericks shocked the NBA world by winning the first two games in Los Angeles, and took a two games to none lead heading back to Dallas. They then won a thrilling game three in Dallas, courtesy of 32 points",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447967",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\n2 to rout the Spurs 113-92, splitting the first two games before the series went to Dallas. In Game 3, Manu Ginóbili managed to hit a shot that put the Spurs up 108-106 with 1.7 left, but a buzzer beater by Vince Carter gave the Mavs the victory, putting them up 2-1 in the series. The Spurs took Game 4 in Dallas 93-89 and later Game 5 at home 109-103, giving them a 3-2 lead. Luckily, the Mavs avoided elimination in Game 6 at home by rallying in the fourth quarter, winning 111-113. The Spurs won game 7 119–96, eliminating",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499647",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nMavs forced 22 turnovers in Game 2 to rout the Spurs 113–92, splitting the first two games before the series went to Dallas. In Game 3, Manu Ginóbili hit a shot that put the Spurs up 108–106 with 1.7 seconds left, but a buzzer-beater by Vince Carter gave the Mavs the victory, putting them up 2–1 in the series. The Spurs took Game 4 in Dallas 93–89 despite a late Dallas comeback after the Spurs at one point had a 20-point lead and later won Game 5 at home, 109–103, giving them a 3–2 series lead. The Mavs avoided elimination",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17064372",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\ntied for 6th place all-time, first in the league and the number 1 seed in the Western Conference playoffs. Dirk Nowitzki had a dominant season, further cementing his place as one of the game's elite players; he won his fifth consecutive Euroscar during the season, and was named the NBA MVP at its end. Josh Howard was named to the all-star team. However, the first-place Mavericks were defeated in six games by the 8th-seeded Golden State Warriors; this outcome was regarded by some as one of the biggest upsets in NBA history, while others did not consider it an upset",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2412250",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks all-time roster and statistics leaders\"\nbeginning of the 2018–19 NBA season.\"\" Dallas Mavericks all-time roster and statistics leaders The Dallas Mavericks are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas.They are more known as the Mavs. They play in the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The team joined the NBA in 1980 as an expansion team, and won their first NBA championship in 2011. The Mavericks have played their home games at the American Airlines Center since 2001. Their principal owner is Mark Cuban, with founding owner Don Carter holding minority interests. Their current staffs consists of Donnie",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577934",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\na record of 67–15, good enough to be tied for 6th place all-time, 1st in the league and the #1 seed in the Western Conference playoffs. Dirk Nowitzki had a dominant season, further cementing his place as one of the game's elite players; he won his fifth consecutive Euroscar during the season, and was named the NBA MVP at its end. Josh Howard was named to the all-star team. However, the first place Mavericks were defeated in 6 games by the 8th seeded Golden State Warriors, which is regarded by some as one of the biggest upsets in NBA history,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11208828",
"chunk_text": "\"2006 NBA Finals\"\nadded 25. After the game, a frustrated Dirk Nowitzki kicked a ball into the stands and Mavericks owner Mark Cuban caused many \"\"acts of misconduct\"\" resulting in fines of $5,000 and $250,000, respectively, for the two men. Behind Dwyane Wade's 36 points, Miami edged Dallas to win their first championship in franchise history as Jason Terry missed a critical 3-pointer that would've sent the game to overtime. Averaging 34.7 points per game in the championship series, Wade was named NBA Finals MVP (Most Valuable Player). | align=\"\"left\"\" | || 4 || 0 || 7.7 || .333 || .000 || .500",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577953",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\napiece. The whispers then began to re-surface that the Mavericks were going to allow another impressive regular season to go down the drain. The Mavericks then responded, posting back-to-back wins to oust the Blazers in six games. They then met the two-time defending champion Los Angeles Lakers in the Western Conference Semifinals. This series was the first time that Kobe Bryant had met Dirk Nowitzki in a playoff series and was expected to be extremely competitive; that however did not prove to be the case. The Mavericks shocked the NBA world by winning the first two games in Los Angeles,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15544923",
"chunk_text": "\"2012 NBA Finals\"\nhad previously appeared as the SuperSonics in 1996, where they lost to the Michael Jordan-led Chicago Bulls. It also marked the Miami Heat's third appearance in the NBA Finals. The Heat previously appeared in 2006 and 2011, both times against the Dallas Mavericks. It was the first NBA Finals in 14 seasons that was not held in either the states of California or Texas; the 3 teams that won the previous 13 Western Conference titles the Dallas Mavericks, the Los Angeles Lakers and the San Antonio Spurs were eliminated by Oklahoma City in that order. The series began on June",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447979",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nsent to the Mavericks after he requested to leave the Lakers due to the vetoed Chris Paul trade. Andrew Bynum made a formal apology for what he did to Barea before the start of the following season. The rivalry between the Kings and Mavericks could very well be traced to the similar styles of plays of Chris Webber, Dirk Nowitzki, Mike Bibby, Steve Nash, Peja Stojaković, and Michael Finley and the similar coaching styles of Rick Adelman and Don Nelson. In the 2002 NBA Playoffs the Kings defeated the Mavericks four games to one in the semifinals, in the 2003",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19447975",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nblowout win. In the playoffs, the Mavericks defeated the Rockets in the 1988, and 2005 playoffs, the latter of which was plagued with allegations of game fixing. and the Rockets swept several season series with the Mavericks during the 1990s during the Rockets' championship years. On April 11, 1995 the Mavericks were able to get one of their most superb victories against the Houston reigning champion for 156–147 scoring 23 points in the first overtime. Two years later, the Rockets and Mavericks have clashed in their first ever regular season's game played in Mexico City and won by the Rockets",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4577885",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Dallas Mavericks\"\nHistory of the Dallas Mavericks The Dallas Mavericks (also known as the Mavs) are a professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas, USA, belonging to the NBA. In their history, the Mavericks have won one NBA championship, three division titles, and two conference championships. In 1979, businessman Don Carter and partner Norm Sonju requested the right to bring an NBA franchise to Dallas. The last professional basketball team in Dallas had been the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association, which moved to San Antonio in 1973 to become the San Antonio Spurs. At the 1980 NBA All-Star Game, league",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4499637",
"chunk_text": "\"Dallas Mavericks\"\nin the playoffs. In the fourth quarter of game 2 with the Mavericks trailing 88–73, Dallas was desperate to avoid a 0–2 heading back home. Dallas then staged a comeback, going on a 22–5 run to end the game, and stun the Heat with a game two victory, evening up the series at a game a piece. After the series shifted back to Dallas, the Mavericks lost in game 3, with Nowitzki narrowly missing the potential game-tying shot, by a score of 88–86. Dallas yet again showed their resiliency, winning a pivotal game 4 with Dirk hitting multiple big shots",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_681
|
who is the actor that plays sneaky pete?
|
n/a
|
[
"Giovanni Ribisi"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2389230",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete\"\nSneaky Pete Sneaky Pete is an American crime drama series created by David Shore and Bryan Cranston. The series follows Marius Josipović (Giovanni Ribisi), a released convict who adopts the identity of his cell mate, Pete Murphy, in order to avoid his past life. The series also stars Marin Ireland, Shane McRae, Libe Barer, Michael Drayer, Peter Gerety, and Margo Martindale. The pilot debuted on August 7, 2015, and was followed by a full series order that September. Shore left the project in early 2016 and was replaced by Graham Yost, who served as executive producer and showrunner for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8156497",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete\"\nreceived acclaim from critics. Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season a 100% 'Certified Fresh' rating based on 22 critic reviews, with the critical consensus \"\"Suspenseful, smart, and terrifically cast, Sneaky Pete is part dramedy, part crime caper, and all in all entertaining.\"\" Metacritic gave the first season a 78 out of 100 score based on 21 critic reviews, indicating 'generally favorable reviews'. Sneaky Pete Sneaky Pete is an American crime drama series created by David Shore and Bryan Cranston. The series follows Marius Josipović (Giovanni Ribisi), a released convict who adopts the identity of his cell mate, Pete Murphy, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3715130",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Embry\"\nEthan Embry Ethan Philan Randall (born June 13, 1978), known by his stage name Ethan Embry, is an American film and television actor. He is known for his role as Pete Murphy in \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", Russell \"\"Rusty\"\" Griswold in \"\"Vegas Vacation\"\", Mark in \"\"Empire Records\"\", Agent Toby Grant in \"\"Eagle Eye\"\", Preston Meyers in \"\"Can't Hardly Wait\"\", Greg Mendell in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" and as Declan Giggs on the Showtime television series \"\"Brotherhood\"\". More recently, he has played Coyote in \"\"Grace and Frankie\"\" on Netflix and guest starred as Carter in an episode of AMC's \"\"The Walking Dead\"\". Embry",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "253249",
"chunk_text": "\"Giovanni Ribisi\"\n. His twin sister, Marissa, is also a Scientologist. She is married to musician Beck, another Scientologist. Giovanni Ribisi Antonino Giovanni Ribisi (; born December 17, 1974) is an American film and television actor known for his roles in the TV series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", and the films \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"A Million Ways to Die in the West\"\" and \"\"Ted\"\". He also had recurring roles in \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" and \"\"Friends\"\". His father, Albert Anthony Ribisi, is an Italian-American musician who had been the keyboard player in People!, and his mother, Gay (née Landrum), is a manager of actors and writers.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11658049",
"chunk_text": "\"Giovanni Ribisi\"\nGiovanni Ribisi Antonino Giovanni Ribisi (; born December 17, 1974) is an American film and television actor known for his roles in the TV series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", and the films \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"A Million Ways to Die in the West\"\" and \"\"Ted\"\". He also had recurring roles in \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" and \"\"Friends\"\". His father, Albert Anthony Ribisi, is an Italian-American musician who had been the keyboard player in People!, and his mother, Gay (née Landrum), is a manager of actors and writers. He is the twin brother of actress Marissa Ribisi and the brother of voice actress Gina Ribisi.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13561940",
"chunk_text": "\"Marin Ireland\"\nMarin Ireland Marin Yvonne Ireland (born August 30, 1979) is an American stage, film, and television actress. In 2009, she won the Theatre World Award and was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for \"\"reasons to be pretty\"\". Since 2017 she stars on the Amazon Studios original series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\". Ireland was born and raised in Camarillo, California. She studied at the Idyllwild Arts Foundation in Idyllwild-Pine Cove, California as a child, and earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from The Hartt School, the performing-arts conservatory at the University of Hartford in West",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
{
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"chunk_text": "\"Jacob Pitts\"\nand is currently starring as Lance Lord in the crime drama series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\". Pitts grew up in Weston, Connecticut, the son of Arlene and Joseph Rives Pitts. He described himself as a hyperactive child. In high school, he was involved in the theater production company, and took part in productions while he was in school, including a performance as the Mysterious Man in \"\"Into The Woods\"\". Pitts began his career when he made his TV debut in 1999, and he appeared in an episode of Comedy Central's sitcom \"\"Strangers with Candy\"\". He then went on to the New York",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 6
},
{
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"chunk_text": "\"Peter Gerety\"\nKnow\"\", \"\"The Curse of the Jade Scorpion\"\", \"\"Hollywood Ending\"\", \"\"Wolf\"\", \"\"Charlie Wilson's War\"\", \"\"Surviving Picasso\"\", \"\"War of the Worlds\"\", \"\"Things That Hang from Trees\"\", \"\"Inside Man\"\", and \"\"Changeling\"\". He played Louis Piquett in \"\"Public Enemies\"\" (2009 film, directed by Michael Mann, and had a small part in Mel Gibson's \"\"Get the Gringo\"\" (2011). In 2013, Gerety was playing the role of John Cotter in Nora Ephron's Broadway play \"\"Lucky Guy\"\" with Tom Hanks. In 2017, Gerety plays Otto Bernhardt, the patriarch of the new Amazon series \"\"Sneaky Pete.\"\" Peter Gerety Peter Gerety (born May 17, 1940) is an American actor.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete\"\nremaining nine episodes. The first season premiered in its entirety on January 13, 2017, exclusively on Amazon Video. On January 19, 2017, Amazon announced that \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" had been renewed for a second season, which was released on March 9, 2018. On July 28, 2018, Amazon announced that the series had been renewed for a third season. \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" follows \"\"Marius, a con man who gets out of prison only to find himself hunted by the vicious gangster he once robbed. With nowhere else to turn, Marius takes cover from his past by assuming the identity of his cellmate, Pete,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "14096361",
"chunk_text": "\"Sam Jones III\"\ndrugs with the intent to distribute. The incident was part of a DEA sting operation. On December 16, 2010, Jones pleaded guilty to conspiracy and on June 22, 2011, Jones was sentenced to 366 days in federal prison and three years probation. On December 6, 2011, Jones began serving his sentence at the Lompoc Correctional Complex in California. He was released on October 12, 2012 after serving 10 months. He has since returned to acting. Sam Jones III Samuel L. \"\"Sam\"\" Jones III (born April 29, 1983) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Pete Ross on",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 9
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2582210",
"chunk_text": "\"Sean Marshall (actor)\"\nSean Marshall (actor) Sean Edwin Marshall (born June 19, 1965 in Canoga Park, California) is an American former actor and singer who started acting in 1971 at the age of 6. He was in more than ten movies including \"\"The Deadly Trackers\"\", \"\"The New Adventures of Heidi\"\" and the Disney animated short film \"\"The Small One\"\", but he is most commonly known for playing the protagonist Pete in the 1977 Disney movie \"\"Pete's Dragon\"\" for which he earned a gold record. He also starred in two television series \"\"The Fitzpatricks\"\" which aired in 1977–78 for 13 episodes and \"\"The MacKenzies",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 10
},
{
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"chunk_id": "3581449",
"chunk_text": "\"Margo Martindale\"\nfictional version is easily angered and temperamentally violent, moonlighting as a bank robber and going on frequent criminal heists. BoJack consistently refers to her as \"\"Esteemed Character Actress Margo Martindale\"\", while most other characters begin addressing her with \"\"Beloved.\"\" Martindale played Audrey Bernhardt, matriarch of the family on the Amazon series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" starring Giovanni Ribisi, for the 2015 pilot the first season which aired in January 2017, and the second season as well. Margo Martindale has been married to musician Bill Boals since 1986. They have a daughter, Margaret. Margo Martindale Margo Martindale (born July 18, 1951) is an",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
},
{
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"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete\"\nthe pilot, with some tweaking and possible minor reshoots before being made available to the viewers. The pilot was released on Amazon on August 7, 2015 and was ordered to series on September 2, 2015. In March 2016, it was announced that Shore would be leaving the project, and would be replaced by Graham Yost, who would be taking over as executive producer and showrunner. Start of production of the full series was pushed back to allow for the transition. Episode 2 and the remainder of the first season premiered on January 13, 2017. The first season of \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15033668",
"chunk_text": "\"Michael O'Keefe\"\na recurring role in \"\"Homeland\"\" as CIA agent and former interim station chief John Redmond and as Detective Winslow in the Amazon Prime original TV series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\". O'Keefe was married to rock/blues singer Bonnie Raitt from April 27, 1991 to November 1999, when they announced plans to divorce. He has been a practicing Zen Buddhist since 1981. He holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Bennington College. He married actress Emily Donahoe in 2011, with whom he has one child. Sources: Hollywood.comTCM Sources: Hollywood.com TCM Michael O'Keefe Michael O'Keefe (born Raymond Peter O'Keefe, Jr.; April 24, 1955) is an",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
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"chunk_id": "2582212",
"chunk_text": "\"Sean Marshall (actor)\"\n1987, he graduated with a B.S. in Marine Transportation and an officers appointment in the U.S. Maritime Service, and the U.S. Naval Reserve. He now lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Sean Marshall (actor) Sean Edwin Marshall (born June 19, 1965 in Canoga Park, California) is an American former actor and singer who started acting in 1971 at the age of 6. He was in more than ten movies including \"\"The Deadly Trackers\"\", \"\"The New Adventures of Heidi\"\" and the Disney animated short film \"\"The Small One\"\", but he is most commonly known for playing the protagonist Pete in the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 14
},
{
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"chunk_id": "19753273",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Phillips\"\nEthan Phillips Ethan Phillips (born February 8, 1955) is an American actor and playwright. He is best known for his television roles as Neelix on \"\"\"\" and PR man Pete Downey on \"\"Benson\"\". Phillips was raised in Garden City, New York. His father was an owner of Frankie & Johnnie’s, a steakhouse on 45th and Eighth Avenue in New York City. He received a bachelor's degree in English literature from Boston University and a Master of Fine Arts from Cornell University. He plays the tenor saxophone in the Alan Wasserman Jazz Band. Ethan Phillips received an MFA from Cornell University.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
},
{
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"chunk_id": "9261397",
"chunk_text": "\"Guillermo Díaz (actor)\"\nGuillermo Díaz (actor) Guillermo Díaz (born March 22, 1975) is an American actor. He is known for films \"\"Half Baked\"\" (1998), \"\"200 Cigarettes\"\" (1999) and \"\"Stonewall\"\" (1995). He most recently starred as Huck in the ABC drama TV series \"\"Scandal\"\". Díaz has made guest appearances on shows such as \"\"Chappelle's Show\"\", \"\"Law & Order\"\", \"\"Weeds\"\", \"\"ER\"\", and \"\"Girls\"\". Díaz was born in New Jersey, to Cuban parents, and grew up in Washington Heights, Manhattan. In 1994, he landed his first speaking role as Spike in Boaz Yakin's \"\"Fresh\"\". From there he began working on \"\"Party Girl\"\" as Leo, Parker Posey's",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7096995",
"chunk_text": "\"Libe Barer\"\nLibe Barer Libe Alexandra Barer (born December 19, 1991) is an American actress best known for playing the role Carly Bowman in the Amazon Prime original series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\". Barer's sister is actor Ariela Barer. Barer attended the Los Angeles County High School for the Arts (nicknamed \"\"Fame High\"\") where she received an LACHSA Moondance Film Festival Award for her screenplay \"\"On Top Of The World.\"\" In addition to her role on \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", Barer stars in the short film Disfluency, had a role on the shows \"\"Those Who Can't\"\" and \"\"Parenthood\"\", and was featured in a commercial for Subway.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7096994",
"chunk_text": "\"Libe Barer\"\nLibe Barer Libe Alexandra Barer (born December 19, 1991) is an American actress best known for playing the role Carly Bowman in the Amazon Prime original series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\". Barer's sister is actor Ariela Barer. Barer attended the Los Angeles County High School for the Arts (nicknamed \"\"Fame High\"\") where she received an LACHSA Moondance Film Festival Award for her screenplay \"\"On Top Of The World.\"\" In addition to her role on \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", Barer stars in the short film Disfluency, had a role on the shows \"\"Those Who Can't\"\" and \"\"Parenthood\"\", and was featured in a commercial for Subway.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12354653",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Baker (actor)\"\nCharles Baker (actor) Charles Edward Baker (born February 27, 1971) is an American actor, writer, and director. He is known for playing Skinny Pete on the AMC series \"\"Breaking Bad\"\", and currently has a recurring role on the NBC series \"\"The Blacklist\"\". Baker was born in Washington, D.C. and raised in Hawaii. He is the son of an army colonel. His father was written up in the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" in 1994 by famous writer Robin Wright. He had traveled around the world by the time he turned 17. His father was stationed around the world, including Israel and England.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 19
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2034886",
"chunk_text": "\"Ryan Slattery\"\nRyan Slattery Ryan Paul Slattery (born September 11, 1982) is an American film and television actor, writer, producer, and director. Slattery is most notable for his work in the MGM film \"\"Sleepover\"\" as Peter, the kind-hearted boy who befriends Yancy, played by Kallie Flynn Childress. Slattery was born in Ventura, California and attended Shadow Mountain High School in Phoenix, Arizona, where he played baseball. He went on to attend Harvard University, where he received his bachelor's degree in Dramatic Arts and Film Studies, and the renowned UCLA Film School, earning a Master of Fine Arts degree in the UCLA Producers",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
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"chunk_id": "17434099",
"chunk_text": "\"Danny Tamberelli\"\nDanny Tamberelli Daniel Paul Tamberelli (born February 8, 1982) is an American actor, comedian and musician. He is best known for his roles as Little Pete in \"\"The Adventures of Pete and Pete\"\", Arnold Perlstein in \"\"The Magic School Bus\"\", one of the cast members for Nickelodeon's \"\"All That\"\" from seasons four through six and Jimmy De Santa in \"\"Grand Theft Auto V\"\". Tamberelli was born in Wyckoff, New Jersey. He is of Italian and Irish descent. Tamberelli is a graduate of Hampshire College, where he earned a bachelor's degree in Interdisciplinary Arts focusing on music performance and booking management.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
{
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"chunk_id": "5326187",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete Kleinow\"\nSneaky Pete Kleinow Peter E. \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" Kleinow (August 20, 1934 – January 6, 2007) was an American country-rock musician, songwriter, and a motion picture special effects artist. He is best known as a member of the band the Flying Burrito Brothers and as a session musician for such artists as Joan Baez, Jackson Browne, The Byrds, Joe Cocker, Rita Coolidge, Eagles, The Everly Brothers, George Harrison, The Steve Miller Band, Joni Mitchell, The Rolling Stones, Ringo Starr, Stevie Wonder, Spencer Davis, Linda Ronstadt and many others. Kleinow was born and raised in South Bend, Indiana; inspired by Jerry Byrd,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12305601",
"chunk_text": "\"Seth Gordon\"\nAugust 2013 declined to direct the sequel, citing commitments to the television series \"\"The Goldbergs\"\", on which he is an executive producer, and a planned remake of the film \"\"WarGames\"\". Gordon directed the pilot of \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" for Amazon Studios, which he also produces with Bryan Cranston and David Shore. A season of episodes has been ordered by Amazon Studios and is in production. Gordon directed the 2017 film version of \"\"Baywatch\"\", starring Dwayne Johnson, Priyanka Chopra and Zac Efron. He graduated from Lakeside School (Seattle) in 1994 and the Harvard Graduate School of Design. In 2009, Gordon developed and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5326195",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete Kleinow\"\npart of a new band, Cold Steel, before co-founding the reconstituted Flying Burrito Brothers with original bassist Chris Ethridge later that year. He remained with the band (which also recorded and performed as Sierra) until 1981 before rejoining again from 1984 to 1997. The later iterations of the band enjoyed several minor country hits on Curb Records. His first solo album, \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\", was released in 1978 and \"\"The Legend and the Legacy\"\" followed in 1994. Following a second stint on \"\"Davey and Goliath\"\" in 1972, he returned to visual effects in earnest as an animator on Sid and Marty",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15685282",
"chunk_text": "\"Kel Mitchell\"\nSouth Side. He was married to Tyisha Hampton-Mitchell for six years until their divorce in 2005. Mitchell also has two sisters, Kenyatta and Kyra. He remarried on February 25, 2012 to rapper Asia Lee. He is a convert to Christianity. Kel Mitchell Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, singer and rapper. He is known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series \"\"All That\"\", as the Invisible Boy in the 1999 Ben Stiller and Geoffrey Rush superhero satire film \"\"Mystery Men\"\", his portrayal of Kel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
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"chunk_id": "15961045",
"chunk_text": "\"Tawan Vihokratana\"\nTawan Vihokratana Tawan Vihokratana (; also known as Tay (), born 20 July 1991) is a Thai actor, model and travel vlogger. He is best known as Pete in the GMM Television series \"\"Kiss: The Series\"\" and \"\"Kiss me Again\"\". Tawan was born on 20 July 1991. He graduated with Faculty of Economics from Chulalongkorn University. Tawan made his acting debut with a supporting role in the GMM drama \"\"Room Alone\"\" in 2014, a talent-searching and reality TV programme produced by GMM Grammy. He also guest starred in the 2015 series \"\"Ugly Duckling Series: Don't\"\". In 2016, he had a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4605693",
"chunk_text": "\"Mr. Pete\"\nMr. Pete Mr. Pete (born January 30, 1980) is an American pornographic actor and director. He has won several adult industry awards, including the 2013 XRCO Award for Unsung Swordsman. In 2014, he was inducted into the AVN Hall of Fame. Mr. Pete was born in Las Vegas, Nevada. He is of Italian and Jewish descent. He worked at an adult video store. He has been a performer in the adult film industry since 2000, starting his career at age 20. On August 31, 2004, New Sensations announced his signing to an exclusive performing and directing contract. On July 17,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19324485",
"chunk_text": "\"Eddie McClintock\"\nEddie McClintock Edward Theodore McClintock, known as Eddie McClintock, is an American actor who has starred and guest-starred in numerous television shows. He played the role of Secret Service agent Pete Lattimer on the Syfy series \"\"Warehouse 13\"\". McClintock was born in Canton, Ohio and raised by his father, Theodore “Ted” McClintock. He moved with his father to North Canton. After leaving Catholic school in the eighth grade, he attended North Canton Hoover High School. He married Lynn Sanchez in 2005; the couple have two sons. McClintock graduated with a degree in communications from Wright State University in Dayton and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8059232",
"chunk_text": "\"Steve Wiebe\"\nIn 2011 Wiebe made a cameo appearance in Gordon's film \"\"Horrible Bosses\"\" as Thomas, Head of Security. In 2015 he had a credited role in the Adam Sandler movie \"\"Pixels\"\" as \"\"DARPA Scientist\"\". Like his \"\"Donkey Kong\"\" rival Billy Mitchell, Wiebe was also put in a TOPPS Allen & Ginter baseball set, which is featured in the 2009 edition of the baseball product. He is also now in the TV series \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" on Amazon Video. He played Stephen Davidson in episode 1. Wiebe was born in Seattle, Washington to Ryan and Sandy Wiebe, and has a brother, Ryan Wiebe,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14467686",
"chunk_text": "\"Hrant Alianak\"\nHrant Alianak Hrant Alianak (born 1950), also billed as Harant Alianak or Grant Aljanak, is an Armenian-Canadian actor and playwright. In 1988 he was nominated for the Genie Award \"\"Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role\"\" for his role in the 1987 film \"\"Family Viewing\"\". He played Pete in the 1995 Adam Sandler movie \"\"Billy Madison\"\". He portrayed Dr. Mendez in the 2009 Canadian horror film \"\"Pontypool\"\". Hrant Alianak's plays include \"\"Lucky Strike\"\", \"\"The Walls of Africa\"\", and \"\"The Blues\"\". Alianak made his debut as a writer in 1972 at Theatre Passe Muraille, with \"\"Tantrums\"\". \"\"The Walls of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19534862",
"chunk_text": "\"David Stuart (actor)\"\nDavid Stuart (actor) David Stuart (born 19 December 1965) is a Canadian actor, best known for his work as Pete in the \"\"Supernatural\"\" \"\"Season 7\"\" episode \"\"The Girl with the Dungeons and Dragons Tattoo\"\". Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Stuart grew up in Fredericton, New Brunswick. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre at the University of Victoria, and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in Los Angeles. While studying his craft, Stuart worked as a background performer in films (\"\"Bird on a Wire\"\") and television (\"\"21 Jump Street\"\", episode 47). His first guest-starring role was on the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17166338",
"chunk_text": "\"David Stuart (actor)\"\nDavid Stuart (actor) David Stuart (born 19 December 1965) is a Canadian actor, best known for his work as Pete in the \"\"Supernatural\"\" \"\"Season 7\"\" episode \"\"The Girl with the Dungeons and Dragons Tattoo\"\". Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Stuart grew up in Fredericton, New Brunswick. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre at the University of Victoria, and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in Los Angeles. While studying his craft, Stuart worked as a background performer in films (\"\"Bird on a Wire\"\") and television (\"\"21 Jump Street\"\", episode 47). His first guest-starring role was on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14742827",
"chunk_text": "\"Delroy Lindo\"\nDelroy Lindo Delroy George Lindo (born 18 November 1952) is an American, British born, stage, film, and television actor and theatre director. Lindo has been nominated for Tony and Screen Actors Guild awards and has won a Satellite Award. He is perhaps best known for his roles in three Spike Lee films, having portrayed West Indian Archie in Lee's \"\"Malcolm X\"\" (1992), Woody Carmichael in \"\"Crooklyn\"\" (1994), and Rodney Little in Clockers (1995). Lindo also played Catlett in \"\"Get Shorty\"\", Arthur Rose in \"\"The Cider House Rules\"\", and Detective Castlebeck in \"\"Gone in 60 Seconds\"\" (2000). Lindo starred as Alderman",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20770795",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry O'Connell\"\nbrother. O'Connell enrolled in Southwestern Law School in Los Angeles in August 2009 but dropped out to return to acting full-time. Jerry O'Connell Jeremiah O'Connell (born February 17, 1974) is an American actor, known for his roles as Quinn Mallory in the TV series \"\"Sliders\"\", Andrew Clements in \"\"My Secret Identity\"\", Vern Tessio in the film \"\"Stand by Me\"\" (1986), Joe in \"\"Joe's Apartment\"\" (1996), Frank Cushman in \"\"Jerry Maguire\"\" (1996), Derek in \"\"Scream 2\"\" (1997), Charlie Carbone in \"\"Kangaroo Jack\"\" (2003), and Detective Woody Hoyt on the drama \"\"Crossing Jordan\"\". He starred as Pete Kaczmarek in the CBS TV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20797409",
"chunk_text": "\"Skylan Brooks\"\n\"\"The Get Down\"\". Quincy Skylan Brooks Skylan Brooks (born February 12, 1999) is an American actor, best known for playing Mister in \"\"The Inevitable Defeat of Mister & Pete\"\". Brooks was born in Torrance, California. In 2013, Brooks played the titular role of Mister in the drama film \"\"The Inevitable Defeat of Mister & Pete\"\" along with Ethan Dizon, Anthony Mackie and Jennifer Hudson, and the film was directed by George Tillman, Jr.. The film was released on October 11, 2013 by Lionsgate Entertainment. Brooks was highly praised by media and film critics. Brooks played the role of Ra-Ra in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16218489",
"chunk_text": "\"Charlie Hunnam\"\nCharlie Hunnam Charles Matthew Hunnam (born 10 April 1980) is an English actor and model. He is known for his roles as Jackson \"\"Jax\"\" Teller in the FX drama series \"\"Sons of Anarchy\"\" (2008–2014), Pete Dunham in \"\"Green Street\"\" (2005), Nathan Maloney in the Channel 4 drama \"\"Queer as Folk\"\" (1999–2000), Lloyd Haythe in the Fox comedy series \"\"Undeclared\"\" (2001–2002), the title role in \"\"Nicholas Nickleby\"\" (2002), Raleigh Becket in \"\"Pacific Rim\"\" (2013), Percy Fawcett in \"\"The Lost City of Z\"\" (2017), and in the title role of Guy Ritchie's \"\"\"\" (2017). Hunnam was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17244046",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Dizon\"\nEthan Dizon Ethan C. Dizon is an American actor, best known for playing Pete in \"\"The Inevitable Defeat of Mister & Pete\"\". He has also played the character Tiny, Peter Parker's classmate, in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Ethan C. Dizon was born in 2002 in Los Angeles, California, to an American mother of Chinese descent and a Filipino father. He is the great-grandson of well-known World War II veteran and US postmaster Lim Poon Lee, and the grand-nephew of Chinese actress Chow Kwun-Ling. His mother is actress Corinne Chooey, and his two younger brothers are also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10183102",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Baker (actor)\"\nwas cast in \"\"Wild\"\" starring Reese Witherspoon. He was also cast in a recurring role in TNT's \"\"Murder in the First\"\". Charles Baker (actor) Charles Edward Baker (born February 27, 1971) is an American actor, writer, and director. He is known for playing Skinny Pete on the AMC series \"\"Breaking Bad\"\", and currently has a recurring role on the NBC series \"\"The Blacklist\"\". Baker was born in Washington, D.C. and raised in Hawaii. He is the son of an army colonel. His father was written up in the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" in 1994 by famous writer Robin Wright. He had",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11074129",
"chunk_text": "\"Kel Mitchell\"\nKel Mitchell Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, singer and rapper. He is known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series \"\"All That\"\", as the Invisible Boy in the 1999 Ben Stiller and Geoffrey Rush superhero satire film \"\"Mystery Men\"\", his portrayal of Kel Kimble on the Nickelodeon sitcom \"\"Kenan & Kel\"\", his role as Ed in the film and \"\"All That\"\" sketch \"\"Good Burger\"\", as the voice of Dutch in the Disney XD cartoon \"\"Motorcity\"\", and as Ray in the 2006 sequel to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
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"chunk_id": "20335524",
"chunk_text": "\"Jake D'Arcy\"\ncomedy show \"\"Outnumbered\"\". D'Arcy died on 30 May 2015 in Glasgow, aged 69, from undisclosed causes. Jake D'Arcy Jake D'Arcy (born John Sinclair, 1945/1946 – 30 May 2015) was a Scottish actor, most recently known for playing \"\"Peter McCormack\"\" or \"\"Pete the Jakey\"\" in the Scottish comedy program \"\"Still Game\"\" from 2002 until 2007, a role he reprised in 2014 for the live show at the SSE Hydro. Starting in the early 1970s, D'Arcy had roles in films and television, appearing in such TV dramas and films as \"\"Dr. Finlay's Casebook\"\", \"\"Minder\"\", \"\"Tutti Frutti\"\", \"\"Rab C. Nesbitt\"\", \"\"Takin' Over the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
},
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"chunk_id": "7334021",
"chunk_text": "\"Pete Gardner\"\nPete Gardner Pete Gardner (born Pete Zahradnick in Scarsdale, New York) is an American actor, best known for playing Darryl Whitefeather in The CW comedy-drama series \"\"Crazy Ex-Girlfriend\"\". Pete studied improv at the Second City improv group in Chicago. Pete mentored and directed both Tina Fey and Amy Poehler in multiple productions during their tenure at Second City. In 2015, Gardner joined the cast of \"\"Crazy Ex-Girlfriend\"\" as a series regular and the owner of law firm Whitefeather. Gardner also played the titular character in the short film \"\"Barry\"\", released in 2016. He also played Carl, a stockbroker and fellow",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5326199",
"chunk_text": "\"Sneaky Pete Kleinow\"\nthe Flying Burrito Brothers see their discography. Kleinow appears on numerous rock and country-rock albums, including those by: Sneaky Pete Kleinow Peter E. \"\"Sneaky Pete\"\" Kleinow (August 20, 1934 – January 6, 2007) was an American country-rock musician, songwriter, and a motion picture special effects artist. He is best known as a member of the band the Flying Burrito Brothers and as a session musician for such artists as Joan Baez, Jackson Browne, The Byrds, Joe Cocker, Rita Coolidge, Eagles, The Everly Brothers, George Harrison, The Steve Miller Band, Joni Mitchell, The Rolling Stones, Ringo Starr, Stevie Wonder, Spencer Davis,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20362913",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan Lee Graham\"\nNathan Lee Graham Nathan Lee Graham (born September 9, 1968) is an American actor and singer. His roles in feature film include Todd in \"\"Zoolander\"\", Frederick Montana in \"\"Sweet Home Alabama\"\", Geoff in \"\"Hitch\"\" and Bernard on the Fox comedy series \"\"LA to Vegas\"\". He has appeared in independent films like \"\"Confessions of an Action Star\"\", \"\"Bad Actress\"\" and \"\"Trophy Kids\"\". On the small screen he originated the role of Peter in \"\"The Comeback\"\", and had guest starring roles on \"\"Scrubs\"\", \"\"Absolutely Fabulous\"\" and \"\"\"\". His stage appearances include Phil D'armano in the original Broadway cast of the Tony Awards",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16947463",
"chunk_text": "\"Petey Pablo\"\nshow \"\"Empire\"\", in which his character performed \"\"Snitch Bitch\"\" with Lucious Lyon (played by Terrence Howard) behind bars. On September 11, 2010, Barrett was arrested at Raleigh-Durham International Airport after trying to carry a stolen 9mm semi-automatic pistol aboard a US Airways flight bound for Los Angeles. On September 26, 2011, he was sentenced to 35 months in prison, and entered incarceration at the Federal Correctional Institution (Beckley) on January 4, 2012. He was held at the Federal Correctional Institution (Fort Dix), with a release date of July 17, 2014, but he was released early on March 13, 2014. Petey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16803514",
"chunk_text": "\"Anthony Quinlan\"\nAnthony Quinlan Anthony Quinlan (born 14 April 1985) is an English actor, who is currently known for his portrayal of Pete Barton in the long-running ITV soap opera \"\"Emmerdale\"\", a role he has held since 2013. Prior to that, Quinlan portrayed the role of Gilly Roach in the Channel 4 soap opera \"\"Hollyoaks\"\". He is known for his role as Gilly Roach in the English Channel 4 soap opera \"\"Hollyoaks\"\". He was nominated for \"\"Sexiest Male\"\" at the 2010 Inside Soap Awards. He was nominated in the category of \"\"Best Serial Drama Performance\"\" at the 2011 National Television Awards; that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18693318",
"chunk_text": "\"Ethan Dizon\"\nby media and film critics. He has also played the role of Ricky Irvine in the comedy-drama \"\"Bad Words\"\". Dizon has played the role Kwan in the comedy \"\"Get a Job\"\", which was released in 2016. Ethan Dizon Ethan C. Dizon is an American actor, best known for playing Pete in \"\"The Inevitable Defeat of Mister & Pete\"\". He has also played the character Tiny, Peter Parker's classmate, in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Ethan C. Dizon was born in 2002 in Los Angeles, California, to an American mother of Chinese descent and a Filipino father. He",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2847714",
"chunk_text": "\"Toby Huss\"\nHill and Kahn Souphanousinphone on \"\"King of the Hill\"\" and a boyfriend of Elaine Benes in the episode \"\"The Junk Mail\"\" of \"\"Seinfeld\"\". From his parodies of Frank Sinatra, which were featured in the films \"\"Vegas Vacation\"\" and \"\"Down Periscope\"\", Huss has created a Sinatra-inspired character named Rudy Casoni. Toby Huss Toby Huss (born December 9, 1966) is an American actor known for portraying Artie in the Nickelodeon series \"\"The Adventures of Pete & Pete\"\" (1993–1996). He is also known for his voice-over work on the long-running animated series \"\"King of the Hill\"\" (1997–2010) and his role as Felix \"\"Stumpy\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5450698",
"chunk_text": "\"Devon Werkheiser\"\nDevon Werkheiser Devon Werkheiser (born March 8, 1991) is an American actor, voice actor, singer-songwriter and musician. As an actor, Werkheiser is known for his starring role as Ned Bigby on the Nickelodeon sitcom \"\"Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide\"\", and for his role as the lead character Nolan Byrd in the 2007 Nickelodeon television movie \"\"Shredderman Rules\"\". Werkheiser also played Peter Parkes in the fourth and final season of the ABC Family series \"\"Greek\"\". Werkheiser was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and raised in Johns Creek, Georgia. His parents enrolled him in acting classes at the Talent Factory, a local children’s",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20335523",
"chunk_text": "\"Jake D'Arcy\"\nJake D'Arcy Jake D'Arcy (born John Sinclair, 1945/1946 – 30 May 2015) was a Scottish actor, most recently known for playing \"\"Peter McCormack\"\" or \"\"Pete the Jakey\"\" in the Scottish comedy program \"\"Still Game\"\" from 2002 until 2007, a role he reprised in 2014 for the live show at the SSE Hydro. Starting in the early 1970s, D'Arcy had roles in films and television, appearing in such TV dramas and films as \"\"Dr. Finlay's Casebook\"\", \"\"Minder\"\", \"\"Tutti Frutti\"\", \"\"Rab C. Nesbitt\"\", \"\"Takin' Over the Asylum\"\", \"\"Hamish Macbeth\"\", \"\"Taggart\"\" and \"\"Still Game\"\". He appeared in the 2009 Christmas special of British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_682
|
sequel to a christmas story it runs in the family?
|
n/a
|
[
"My Summer Story"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326065",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nnetworks were running 24 hour marathons in 2017, as well. A sequel involving Ralphie and his family, titled \"\"My Summer Story\"\" (originally released as \"\"It Runs in the Family\"\"), was made in 1994. With the exceptions of Tedde Moore as Ralphie's teacher (Miss Shields) and Jean Shepherd as the narrator (the voice of the adult Ralphie), it features an entirely different cast. A series of television films involving the Parker family, also from Shepherd stories, were made by PBS, including \"\"Ollie Hopnoodle's Haven of Bliss\"\" (1988), \"\"The Star-Crossed Romance of Josephine Cosnowski\"\" (1985), \"\"The Great American Fourth of July and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2197219",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story 2\"\nA Christmas Story 2 A Christmas Story 2 (also known in the trailer as A Christmas Story 2: Official Sequel) is a 2012 film directed by Brian Levant and starring Daniel Stern and Braeden Lemasters. The film is a direct sequel to the 1983 film \"\"A Christmas Story\"\", which ignores the events of the 1994 film \"\"My Summer Story\"\". It was released straight to DVD on October 30, 2012. Although billed as an \"\"official sequel\"\" in the trailer, the film is not based on Jean Shepherd's writings, instead relying on an original script by Nat Mauldin, who also narrates the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2197223",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story 2\"\nthe original picture again.\"\" A Christmas Story 2 A Christmas Story 2 (also known in the trailer as A Christmas Story 2: Official Sequel) is a 2012 film directed by Brian Levant and starring Daniel Stern and Braeden Lemasters. The film is a direct sequel to the 1983 film \"\"A Christmas Story\"\", which ignores the events of the 1994 film \"\"My Summer Story\"\". It was released straight to DVD on October 30, 2012. Although billed as an \"\"official sequel\"\" in the trailer, the film is not based on Jean Shepherd's writings, instead relying on an original script by Nat Mauldin,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15855866",
"chunk_text": "\"My Summer Story\"\nMy Summer Story My Summer Story, originally released in theaters as It Runs in the Family, is a 1994 film that follows the further adventures of the Parker family from \"\"A Christmas Story\"\". Like the previous film, it is based on semi-autobiographical stories by Jean Shepherd, primarily from his book \"\"In God We Trust, All Others Pay Cash\"\". The opening of the film makes direct reference to the events of \"\"A Christmas Story\"\", and the ending narration strongly parallels it. However, because the cast of the original film had aged to the point where they no longer fit their roles,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15855871",
"chunk_text": "\"My Summer Story\"\nthe film grossed under $71,000. Prior to the making of the theatrical film, PBS co-produced a series of TV movies based on the Parker family for \"\"American Playhouse\"\" including \"\"Ollie Hopnoodle's Haven of Bliss\"\", \"\"The Great American Fourth of July and Other Disasters\"\", and \"\"The Phantom of the Open Hearth\"\". My Summer Story My Summer Story, originally released in theaters as It Runs in the Family, is a 1994 film that follows the further adventures of the Parker family from \"\"A Christmas Story\"\". Like the previous film, it is based on semi-autobiographical stories by Jean Shepherd, primarily from his book",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326066",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nOther Disasters\"\" (1982), and \"\"The Phantom of the Open Hearth\"\" (1976). \"\"A Christmas Story 2\"\" is another sequel which ignores the references and events of \"\"My Summer Story\"\" and was released direct-to-video in 2012 and directed by Brian Levant. It was filmed in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. In 2000, a stage play adaptation of \"\"A Christmas Story\"\" was written by Philip Grecian. In November 2012, \"\"\"\", based on the film, opened on Broadway. Written by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (music and lyrics) and Joseph Robinette (book), the musical opened to positive reviews. The run ended December 30, 2012.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326040",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nA Christmas Story A Christmas Story is a 1983 American Christmas comedy film directed by Bob Clark and based on Jean Shepherd's semi-fictional anecdotes in his 1966 book \"\"\"\", with some elements from his 1971 book \"\"Wanda Hickey's Night of Golden Memories\"\". It stars Melinda Dillon, Darren McGavin, and Peter Billingsley. A seasonal classic in North America, it is shown numerous times on television, usually on the networks owned by the Turner Broadcasting System. Since 1997, a marathon of the film titled \"\"24 Hours of \"\"A Christmas Story\"\"\"\" has aired annually on TNT or TBS, comprising twelve consecutive airings of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326068",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nreviews. A Christmas Story A Christmas Story is a 1983 American Christmas comedy film directed by Bob Clark and based on Jean Shepherd's semi-fictional anecdotes in his 1966 book \"\"\"\", with some elements from his 1971 book \"\"Wanda Hickey's Night of Golden Memories\"\". It stars Melinda Dillon, Darren McGavin, and Peter Billingsley. A seasonal classic in North America, it is shown numerous times on television, usually on the networks owned by the Turner Broadcasting System. Since 1997, a marathon of the film titled \"\"24 Hours of \"\"A Christmas Story\"\"\"\" has aired annually on TNT or TBS, comprising twelve consecutive airings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5478710",
"chunk_text": "\"Ollie Hopnoodle's Haven of Bliss\"\n\"\"Ollie Hopnoodle\"\" as a \"\"Critic's Choice\"\" for viewers in 1989. PBS and WGBH made a series of TV movies with Shepherd, as part of American Playhouse, based on the fictional Parker family, including \"\"The Great American Fourth of July and Other Disasters\"\", \"\"The Star-Crossed Romance of Josephine Cosnowski\"\", and \"\"The Phantom of the Open Hearth\"\". The theatrical sequel to \"\"A Christmas Story\"\" was Shepherd's 1994 \"\"My Summer Story (It Runs in the Family)\"\", which follows a younger Ralphie than depicted in \"\"Ollie Hopnoodle\"\". Ollie Hopnoodle's Haven of Bliss Ollie Hopnoodle's Haven of Bliss is a 1988 television comedy film written",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19490839",
"chunk_text": "\"Father Christmas (film series)\"\nof Ian is introduced much earlier in the story and several character names were changed. A new introduction to the story was also written, to introduce important backstory. However, author Robin Jones Gunn felt that \"\"the heart of the story I'd written was still there\"\". The second and third films diverged further from the original story, although author Gunn confirmed that the films still drew upon her novels . Following the success of the first film, star Niall Matter and author Robin Jones Gunn both confirmed in March 2017 that Hallmark were developing a sequel. On May 9, 2017, Hallmark",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3865511",
"chunk_text": "\"It Runs in the Family (2003 film)\"\nIt Runs in the Family (2003 film) It Runs in the Family is a 2003 comedy-drama movie directed by Fred Schepisi and starring three generations of the Douglas family: Kirk Douglas, his son Michael Douglas, and Michael's son Cameron Douglas, who play three generations of a family. Diana Douglas ( Dill), real-life mother to Michael Douglas and ex-wife of Kirk, plays Kirk's character's wife. The film was a co-production with MGM and Buena Vista International. The story involves the highly successful New York City Gromberg family. Each member has their own set of problems. The father-son relationship difficulties is highlighted.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19559346",
"chunk_text": "\"The Christmas Chronicles\"\nThe Christmas Chronicles The Christmas Chronicles is a 2018 American Christmas film directed by Clay Kaytis from a screenplay by Matt Lieberman. The film stars Kurt Russell, Judah Lewis, Darby Camp, Lamorne Morris, and with Kimberly Williams-Paisley and Oliver Hudson. It follows a brother and sister who, after accidentally crashing Santa Claus' sleigh, must save Christmas. The film was released on November 22, 2018, by Netflix. In Lowell, Massachusetts, Christmas has been a cherished tradition in the Pierce household for many years until 2018, when the father Doug (Oliver Hudson), a firefighter, dies in the line of duty. The mother",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20626407",
"chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas from the Family\"\nMerry Christmas from the Family '\"\"Merry Christmas from the Family\"\" is a holiday song written by alternative country artist Robert Earl Keen. It has become extremely popular among the fans within his close following. The song was first recorded for Keen's 1994 album, \"\"Gringo Honeymoon\"\". A live version also appears on his 1996, \"\"No. 2 Live Dinner\"\". The popularity of the song led Keen to write a sequel song, \"\"Happy Holidays Y'all\"\", for his 1998 album \"\"Walking Distance\"\", and to publish a book, \"\"Merry Christmas from the Family\"\", in 2001. The original song, the book, and the sequel all center",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13774486",
"chunk_text": "\"Home Alone\"\nis often ranked as one of the best Christmas films of all time. \"\"Home Alone\"\" spawned a successful film franchise with four sequels, including the 1992 film \"\"\"\", which is the only \"\"Home Alone\"\" sequel to have the original cast reprising their roles. The McCallister family is preparing to spend Christmas in Paris, gathering at Peter and Kate's home outside of Chicago on the night before their departure. Peter and Kate's youngest son, Kevin, is being scorned by his siblings and cousins. Later, Kevin accidentally ruins the family dinner after a fight with his older brother Buzz, resulting in him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10347235",
"chunk_text": "\"National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation\"\nNational Lampoon's Christmas Vacation National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation is a 1989 American Christmas comedy film directed by Jeremiah S. Chechik. It is the third installment in National Lampoon's \"\"Vacation\"\" film series, and was written by John Hughes, based on his short story in \"\"National Lampoon\"\" magazine, \"\"Christmas '59\"\". The film stars Chevy Chase, Beverly D'Angelo and Randy Quaid, with Juliette Lewis and Johnny Galecki as the Griswold children Audrey and Rusty, respectively. Since its release in 1989, \"\"Christmas Vacation\"\" has often been labeled as a modern Christmas classic. It is widely regarded as the best sequel of the \"\"Vacation\"\" series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14808842",
"chunk_text": "\"Family for Christmas\"\nFamily for Christmas Family for Christmas is a 2015 American-Canadian holiday romantic comedy directed by Amanda Tapping and starring Lacey Chabert and Tyron Leitso. Written by Bryar Freed, the film is about a successful single career woman who, after meeting a man playing Santa Claus during her office Christmas party, wakes up the following morning to find herself married to her college sweetheart and the mother of two daughters. The television film first aired on July 11, 2015 on the Hallmark Channel. After exposing a corrupt charity organization, successful investigative journalist Hannah Dunbar (Lacey Chabert) is made special correspondent for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17148764",
"chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas from the Family\"\n\"\"Happy Holidays Y'all\"\". Keen states, \"\"I vowed when I really started writing songs that I'd never write a sequel. But I thought, well, you know, why not.\"\" According to Keen the second song fills in some of the gaps on the characters and brings them a little farther along into their holiday celebration: \"\"The song 'Merry Christmas from the Family' is set in the present tense. This song is set in the present tense, but little further in the future—say like after the party when everybody's packing up and leaving on the 26th of December.\"\" Merry Christmas from the Family",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14808849",
"chunk_text": "\"Family for Christmas\"\nin arm toward their future together. Family for Christmas Family for Christmas is a 2015 American-Canadian holiday romantic comedy directed by Amanda Tapping and starring Lacey Chabert and Tyron Leitso. Written by Bryar Freed, the film is about a successful single career woman who, after meeting a man playing Santa Claus during her office Christmas party, wakes up the following morning to find herself married to her college sweetheart and the mother of two daughters. The television film first aired on July 11, 2015 on the Hallmark Channel. After exposing a corrupt charity organization, successful investigative journalist Hannah Dunbar (Lacey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15843881",
"chunk_text": "\"Christmas with the Kranks\"\nChristmas with the Kranks Christmas with the Kranks is a 2004 American Christmas comedy film based on the 2001 novel \"\"Skipping Christmas\"\" by John Grisham. It was directed by Joe Roth and written and produced by Chris Columbus. It stars Tim Allen and Jamie Lee Curtis as a couple who decide to skip Christmas one year since their daughter is away, much to the chagrin of their neighbors. This was Tom Poston's final film before his death in 2007. After Riverside, Illinois couple Luther (Tim Allen) and Nora Krank (Jamie Lee Curtis) see their daughter, Blair (Julie Gonzalo), depart for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18818478",
"chunk_text": "\"The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)\"\ninvites her back. His wife suggests he do the same with his father, who is about to board a train to leave London. Reconnecting with his family, Charles submits the manuscript in time for publishing before Christmas. The film ends with the Dickens family celebrating the holidays, while a title text explains the overnight success of \"\"A Christmas Carol\"\", and its lasting impact on the Christmas holiday. The film was released in the United States in 500 theaters on 22 November 2017. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 80% based on 153 reviews,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20148686",
"chunk_text": "\"Jean Shepherd\"\nNetwork TV show \"\"Shepherd's Pie\"\". On many of the Public TV shows he wrote, directed and edited entire shows. He also wrote and narrated many works, the most famous being the 1983 MGM feature film \"\"A Christmas Story\"\", which is now considered a holiday classic. Shepherd narrates the film as the adult Ralph Parker, and also has a cameo role playing a man in line at the department store waiting for Santa Claus. Ten years later, Shepherd and \"\"A Christmas Story\"\" director Bob Clark returned to the same working-class Cleveland street neighborhood to film a sequel, \"\"It Runs in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10387590",
"chunk_text": "\"National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation 2\"\nNational Lampoon's Christmas Vacation 2 National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation 2: Cousin Eddie's Island Adventure is a 2003 American made-for-television comedy film. It premiered December 20, 2003 on NBC and stars Randy Quaid and Miriam Flynn reprising their roles as Cousin Eddie and Catherine, along with Dana Barron reprising her role as Audrey Griswold. It is a spin-off sequel to the 1989 film, \"\"National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation\"\". The story begins with Cousin Eddie at his latest workplace, a nuclear facility where he 'works' alongside a monkey. When the monkey outperforms him in every test (specifically mental agility), the decision is made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5684368",
"chunk_text": "\"The Christmas Angel: A Family Story\"\nturned into a figure skating production titled \"\"The Christmas Angel: A Story on Ice\"\", starring Dorothy Hamill as the mother, Elvis Stojko as the Gargon, and Tonia Kwiatkowski as the Angel. The Christmas Angel: A Family Story The Christmas Angel: A Family Story is a 1998 Christmas album by the band Mannheim Steamroller, their fifth Christmas album. The soundtrack, accompanied by the narration of Chip Davis and Olivia Newton-John, tells the story of a decorative angel that is stolen from the top of a Christmas tree by a villain called the Gargon. The toys under the tree will not become",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5494345",
"chunk_text": "\"Santa Baby 2: Christmas Maybe\"\nSanta Baby 2: Christmas Maybe Santa Baby 2: Christmas Maybe is a 2009 made for television Christmas comedy film and a sequel to \"\"Santa Baby\"\". It premiered on ABC Family on December 13, 2009, in their 25 Days of Christmas programming block. Jenny McCarthy, Lynne Griffin, Jessica Parker Kennedy, Richard Side, and Gabe Khouth all reprise their roles from the original. Santa's in the midst of a late-life crisis—he's tired of the responsibilities of the job and is ready to pass on the reins to his business-minded daughter Mary, who feels torn between the family business and running her own",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326041",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nthe film on both Christmas Eve and Christmas Day each year. The film was released on November 18, 1983. It earned two Canadian Genie Awards in 1984 and in 2012 was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"\". The film is presented in a series of vignettes, with narration provided by the adult Ralphie Parker reminiscing on one particular Christmas when he was nine years old. Ralphie wanted only one thing for that Christmas: a Red Ryder Carbine Action 200-shot Range Model air rifle. Ralphie's desire is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4603037",
"chunk_text": "\"It Runs in the Family (2003 film)\"\nup touchy topics it would have taken more to treat them frankly.\"\" It Runs in the Family (2003 film) It Runs in the Family is a 2003 comedy-drama movie directed by Fred Schepisi and starring three generations of the Douglas family: Kirk Douglas, his son Michael Douglas, and Michael's son Cameron Douglas, who play three generations of a family. Diana Douglas ( Dill), real-life mother to Michael Douglas and ex-wife of Kirk, plays Kirk's character's wife. The film was a co-production with MGM and Buena Vista International. The story involves the highly successful New York City Gromberg family. Each member",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326060",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nin 1985, and quickly attracted a growing following. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the film began airing quietly on SuperStation WTBS and Superstation WGN. In 1988, then-fledgling Fox aired the film the night after Thanksgiving. In 1989–1990, TBS showed it Thanksgiving night, while in 1991–1992, they aired it the night after. Turner Broadcasting has maintained ownership of the broadcast rights, and since the mid-1990s, aired the film increasingly on TBS, TNT, and TCM. By 1995, it was aired on those networks a combined six times on December 24–26, and in 1996, it was aired eight times over those",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13267398",
"chunk_text": "\"The Family from One End Street\"\nOne End Street, recognising the best children's book by a British subject for the previous year. On the 70th anniversary of the Medal it was named one of the top ten winning works of the previous seventy years, selected by a panel from a public ballot to propose the all-time favourite. It is regarded as a classic, and remains in print, most recently reissued as a Puffin Classic in 2014. There were two sequels, \"\"Further Adventures of the Family from One End Street\"\" published in 1956 and \"\"Holiday at the Dew Drop Inn\"\" published in 1962 and subtitled \"\"A One",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1030554",
"chunk_text": "\"Little Brother, Big Trouble: A Christmas Adventure\"\nLittle Brother, Big Trouble: A Christmas Adventure Little Brother, Big Trouble: A Christmas Adventure (also known as Niko 2: Little Brother, Big Trouble, or simply Niko 2), is a Finnish-Danish-Irish computer animated comedy/adventure film, produced by Finnish Anima Vitae and Cinemaker OY with co-producers Ulysses (Germany), A. Film (Denmark), Tidal Films (Ireland). The animation was produced in Finland, Germany and Denmark, with post-production carried out in Ireland. It is the sequel to \"\"The Flight Before Christmas\"\" and is written Hannu Tuomainen, and Marteinn Thorisson and directed by and . It was released in Finland in October 12, 2012. The estimated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326057",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nThe film would go on to win two categories in the 5th Genie Awards, for Director Bob Clark and Best Original Screenplay for the work of Leigh Brown, Bob Clark and Jean Shepherd. By Christmas 1983 the film was no longer playing at most venues, but remained in about a hundred theaters until January 1984. Gross earnings were just over $19.2 million. In the years since, due to television airings and home video release, \"\"A Christmas Story\"\" has become widely popular and is now an annual Christmas special. The film was produced and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The rights to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11243313",
"chunk_text": "\"Christmas with the Kranks\"\non 3,393 screens, ranking #3 behind \"\"National Treasure\"\" and \"\"The Incredibles\"\". It eventually grossed $96,572,480 worldwide. Christmas with the Kranks Christmas with the Kranks is a 2004 American Christmas comedy film based on the 2001 novel \"\"Skipping Christmas\"\" by John Grisham. It was directed by Joe Roth and written and produced by Chris Columbus. It stars Tim Allen and Jamie Lee Curtis as a couple who decide to skip Christmas one year since their daughter is away, much to the chagrin of their neighbors. This was Tom Poston's final film before his death in 2007. After Riverside, Illinois couple Luther",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5684367",
"chunk_text": "\"The Christmas Angel: A Family Story\"\nThe Christmas Angel: A Family Story The Christmas Angel: A Family Story is a 1998 Christmas album by the band Mannheim Steamroller, their fifth Christmas album. The soundtrack, accompanied by the narration of Chip Davis and Olivia Newton-John, tells the story of a decorative angel that is stolen from the top of a Christmas tree by a villain called the Gargon. The toys under the tree will not become presents until the angel is found. With the toys' help, a young mother defeats the Gargon and Christmas is saved. The script was written by Mark Valenti. The story was then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12369538",
"chunk_text": "\"Skipping Christmas\"\nSkipping Christmas Skipping Christmas is a comedy novel by John Grisham. It was published by Doubleday on November 6, 2001 and reached #1 on \"\"The New York Times\"\" Best-Seller List on December 9 that year. The book was adapted for the film \"\"Christmas with the Kranks\"\" (2004) by screenwriter Chris Columbus, recorded by actor Dennis Boutsikaris, and released as a 4-CD audiobook by Random House Audio Publishing Group in October 2006. The story focuses on how Luther and Nora Krank try to avoid the frenzy traditionally experienced during the Christmas holiday. On the Sunday after Thanksgiving, the two take their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15177554",
"chunk_text": "\"The Santa Clause\"\nis indeed Father Christmas. This was Pasquin and Allen's first movie collaboration after they both worked together on the TV series \"\"Home Improvement\"\". Pasquin and Allen would later work again on the films \"\"Jungle 2 Jungle\"\" and \"\"Joe Somebody\"\", and on the television series \"\"Last Man Standing\"\". The film was followed by two sequels, \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\" (2002) and \"\"\"\" (2006). In comparison to the original, the former received mixed critical response while the latter was panned by most critics. Scott Calvin (Tim Allen), a successful toy salesman, prepares to spend Christmas Eve with his son Charlie (Eric Lloyd).",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "858807",
"chunk_text": "\"Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas\"\nMickey's Twice Upon a Christmas Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas is a 2004 American computer-animated direct-to-video fantasy comedy anthology film produced by DisneyToon Studios and animation production by Blur Studio and Sparx Animation France. It is a direct-to-video sequel to Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas. This direct-to-video feature is presented in five segments Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Pluto, Goofy, Max, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and Scrooge McDuck in five different segments. Along with the Mickey's PhilharMagic theme park attraction, this production was one of the first to depict the Mickey Mouse characters with 3D computer animation.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "523400",
"chunk_text": "\"One Christmas (film)\"\nOne Christmas (film) One Christmas is a 1994 American made-for-television drama film starring Katharine Hepburn (in her final television role), Henry Winkler and Swoosie Kurtz. It is based on the 1983 short story \"\"One Christmas\"\" by Truman Capote about a young boy who reluctantly leaves his Alabama home to spend Christmas with his estranged father in New Orleans. The film originally premiered on NBC on December 19, 1994. In 1930, eight-year-old Buddy lives an idyllic existence in rural Alabama with his cousin Sook. But all that is about to change when he is sent to New Orleans to spend Christmas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17148761",
"chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas from the Family\"\nwife, Kay, chain smokes and \"\"talks all about AA.\"\" Extended family also appear. Fred and Rita—whose relationship to the narrator appears to have been forgotten—arrive from Harlingen in a motor home, which when plugged in, overloads the electrical system and knocks out the family's Christmas lights. The family then waits on the front lawn and joins together in singing \"\"Silent Night\"\" when cousin David flips the breaker that brings the lights back on. Keen calls the song the \"\"\"\"Rocky Horror Picture Show\"\" of Christmas songs\"\" saying that whether singing before a group of 1000 or 6000 the entire audience sings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3128097",
"chunk_text": "\"A Bad Moms Christmas\"\ntime movie\"\" and writing: \"\"...it goes way over the top, but I have to confess I laughed—a lot—and that's obviously the point even if this is not critic's fodder or meant to be. Subtle this is not, but \"\"A Bad Moms Christmas\"\" is the perfect tonic to lift your spirits and forget your troubles in these dark times.\"\" A Bad Moms Christmas A Bad Moms Christmas is a 2017 American Christmas comedy film written and directed by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore. It is a sequel to the 2016 film \"\"Bad Moms\"\". The plot follows the three moms from the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17743029",
"chunk_text": "\"The Christmas Secret\"\nThe Christmas Secret The Christmas Secret is a 2000 American made-for-television family fantasy-drama film starring Richard Thomas and Beau Bridges based on the speculative book \"\"Flight of the Reindeer\"\" written by Robert Sullivan. It premiered on CBS on December 17, 2000. As of 2009, it was shown in the 25 Days of Christmas programming block on ABC Family, but it was not part of the block in 2010. It was shown as part of the Twelve Days of Christmas on The Inspiration Network (INSP) Channel in 2012. A respected zoology professor (Richard Thomas) who is obsessed with proving that reindeer",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3274790",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story: The Musical\"\nA Christmas Story: The Musical A Christmas Story: The Musical is a musical version of the film \"\"A Christmas Story\"\". The musical has music and lyrics written by Pasek & Paul and the book by Joseph Robinette. The musical takes place in the 1940s in Indiana and focuses on a child named Ralphie, who wants a Red Ryder BB Gun for Christmas. After numerous regional productions, out of town tryouts and national tours, this version of the musical originally officially opened on Broadway in November 2012 at the Lunt Fontanne Theatre for a limited engagement that ran through December 2012.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1657690",
"chunk_text": "\"Christmas, Again\"\nChristmas, Again Christmas, Again is a 2014 drama romance written, directed, and produced by Charles Poekel. The film features Kentucker Audley in the lead role as a Christmas-tree salesman returning to New York City. The film had its premiere at the 2014 Locarno International Film Festival in Switzerland and the 2015 Sundance Film Festival in the United States. A heartbroken Christmas-tree salesman returns to New York City hoping to put his past behind him. Living in a trailer and working the night shift, he begins to spiral downwards until the saving of a mysterious woman and some colorful customers rescue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11521287",
"chunk_text": "\"Finally It's Christmas\"\nChristmas\"\") as well as a mash up of \"\"Joy to the World\"\" and \"\"Go Tell It on the Mountain\"\" and four original songs. Track listing adapted from the iTunes Store. Finally It's Christmas Finally It's Christmas is the second Christmas album by American pop rock group Hanson. The band wrote and produced the album with Mark Hudson, who also collaborated on the band's first Christmas release, \"\"Snowed In\"\" (1997). Several of the band's children also make appearances in some songs. The album was released on October 27, 2017. Taylor Hanson on why it took so long to do another Christmas",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10187676",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Story\"\nor another, nearly one sixth of the country. TBS reported 45.4 million viewers in 2005, and 45.5 million in 2006. In 2007, new all-time ratings records were set, with the highest single showing (8 p.m. Christmas Eve) drawing 4.4 million viewers. Viewership increased again in 2008, with 8 p.m. Christmas Eve drawing 4.5 million viewers, and 10 p.m. drawing 4.3 million, and 54.4 million total. As of 2009, the film had been shown 250 times on the Turner family of networks. In 2007, the marathon continued, and the original tradition was revived. TNT also aired the film twice the Sunday",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7042667",
"chunk_text": "\"This Christmas (film)\"\nThis Christmas (film) This Christmas is a 2007 American Christmas romantic musical comedy-drama film produced by Rainforest Films and distributed by Screen Gems. Written, produced and directed by Preston A. Whitmore II, it is a Christmas time story that centers on the Whitfield family, whose eldest has come home for the first time in four years. The film is based on the 1970 Donny Hathaway song of the same name, which is covered by Chris Brown in the film. The Whitfield family overcome many trials and obstacles during the Christmas season. Shirley Ann \"\"Ma'Dere\"\" Whitfield greets her boyfriend Joe when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15716963",
"chunk_text": "\"Cheaper by the Dozen 2\"\nCheaper by the Dozen 2 Cheaper by the Dozen 2 is a 2005 American family comedy film produced by 20th Century Fox. It is the sequel to the family comedy film \"\"Cheaper by the Dozen\"\" (2003). Shawn Levy, the director of the first film, did not return as director for this one, which was instead directed by Adam Shankman (\"\"The Pacifier\"\"). Levy was a producer of it and made an appearance as a hospital intern in it. Steve Martin, Bonnie Hunt, Hilary Duff, Piper Perabo, Alyson Stoner, and Tom Welling reprise their roles as members of the twelve-child Baker family.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18020276",
"chunk_text": "\"Warner Bros. Animation\"\nstop-motion Christmas special \"\"\"\" debuted on NBC. Based on the 2003 New Line film \"\"Elf\"\", and its Broadway musical adaptation \"\"\"\", the special was animated in stop-motion in the style of Rankin/Bass Productions Christmas specials, such as \"\"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"\" and \"\"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town\"\". In \"\"Buddy's Musical Christmas\"\", Santa narrates the story of Buddy's travels to New York City to meet his father. Along the way, his unrelenting cheer transforms the lives of everyone he meets and opens his father's eyes to the magic of the holiday. On June 11, 2018, a new series of shorts,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11881020",
"chunk_text": "\"A Christmas Tale\"\nhospital in front of his mother and not revealing the answer. The film explores family relationships, how some conflicts are resolved, and how relationship constantly evolve between mother and children, lovers, spouses, and siblings in the context of a Christmas family gathering. There are philosophical insights into the complexity of life, and we gain a deeper understanding of each person in the family, the dynamics of the Vuillard family, and how we deal with adversity. The film appeared on many critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2008. A Christmas Tale A Christmas Tale () is a 2008",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "49511",
"chunk_text": "\"November Christmas\"\nher illness. In the final scenes, a young woman (reading Tammy's book to children at the local library) explains that she is Vanessa; she survived her illness after that early Christmas. Afterwards, she goes to the farmer's Christmas tree lot where she reunites with her family and the farmer; to select the town's annual tree. Greg Coppa wrote a short story sequel to \"\"November Christmas\"\" titled \"\"A Partridge in a Persimmon Tree\"\". November Christmas November Christmas is a 2010 American made-for-television Christmas drama film based on a short story written by Greg Coppa. The movie premiered on CBS on November",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7042673",
"chunk_text": "\"This Christmas (film)\"\na budget of just $13 million. \"\"This Christmas\"\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on November 11, 2008. This Christmas Soundtrack was released by Jive Records on November 20, 2007. This Christmas (film) This Christmas is a 2007 American Christmas romantic musical comedy-drama film produced by Rainforest Films and distributed by Screen Gems. Written, produced and directed by Preston A. Whitmore II, it is a Christmas time story that centers on the Whitfield family, whose eldest has come home for the first time in four years. The film is based on the 1970 Donny Hathaway song of the same",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19444949",
"chunk_text": "\"The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale\"\na Jonson's house in the country, a female mouse named Emily, whose existence is known to the two children living there, decides to go into the city to visit her cousin Alexander for Christmas. However, the chef the restaurant Alexander lives in has set a variety of anti-mice precautions, thus scaring the two cousins out of the restaurant. The two mice return to the country house to celebrate Christmas together. The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale is an animated TV special from Michael Sporn Productions, which",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_683
|
when did virgin australia (formerly virgin blue) commence flying in australia?
|
n/a
|
[
"November 1999"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176357",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nto compete with Qantas on Perth–Melbourne–Sydney services; and the concurrent introduction of business class in January 2012; together with a new livery and renaming of the brand to Virgin Australia. Virgin Australia was launched as Virgin Blue in August 2000, with two Boeing 737-400 aircraft, one of which was leased from then-sister airline Virgin Express. Initially offering seven return flights a day between Brisbane and Sydney, this has since been expanded to cover all major Australian cities and many holiday destinations. The Virgin Blue name was the result of an open competition; it was a play on the predominantly red",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734314",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nunchanged after the rollout of premium economy. Virgin Australia began long haul international operations as V Australia, commencing its first passenger flight operations on 27 February 2009. V Australia was re-branded as Virgin Australia's Long Haul International Operations on 7 December 2011. On 10 January 2011, Virgin Blue entered a 10-year strategic alliance with Perth-based Skywest Airlines (now Virgin Australia Regional Airlines), to operate up to 18 new Virgin-branded turboprop aircraft from mid-2011. On 23 February, it was announced that the aircraft would be ATR-72s, to enter service beginning in May 2011; they would allow Virgin Australia to both replace",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044244",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nAustralian regulators on 24 July 2007. The plans were approved by US regulators on 15 February 2008, due to the signing of an open skies agreement between Australia and the US. Instead of using its existing brand, Virgin Blue launched a fully owned subsidiary with a separate Air Operator's Certificate, named V Australia as the result of a public naming competition, with a fleet of five specifically branded 777-300ERs. The airline launched flights between Sydney and Los Angeles in 2009, followed by flights from Melbourne and Brisbane since obtaining permission to operate an unlimited number of flights between Australia and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176355",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nVirgin Australia Virgin Australia Airlines is Australia's second-largest airline after Qantas and it is the largest airline by fleet size to use the Virgin brand. Based in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, the airline was co-founded by British businessman Richard Branson, the founder of Virgin Group and former CEO Brett Godfrey. It was established as Virgin Blue in November 1999 with two aircraft operating on a single route, and suddenly found itself catapulted to the position of Australia's second airline after the collapse of Ansett Australia in September 2001. The airline has grown to directly serve 29 cities in Australia from hubs",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11266847",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\norder had been delivered. These were placed on limited-frequency services before full-scale operations were launched on 4 February 2008 with services from Sydney to Canberra (branded as 'Capital Jet' services), Mackay in Queensland, and the New South Wales regional centres of Port Macquarie and Albury, which were promoted with a one-cent fare. The flights to Canberra and the regional centres signified an effort to compete more directly with Qantas and its subsidiary QantasLink operation, which flies to all three cities, and with independent Regional Express Airlines. At its inception in 2000, Virgin Blue did not have interline or marketing alliances",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044273",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\n100s from Alliance Airlines to operate these services. On 26 February 2013, Virgin Australia announced it would start flights between Brisbane and Bundaberg on 4 May 2013. the Virgin Australia Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft: Virgin Blue/Virgin Australia has removed the following aircraft types from passenger service: An agreement was signed with Boeing on 1 April 2010 for an order of fifty firm Boeing 737-800 aircraft, with flexibility to convert to either Boeing 737-700s or Boeing 737-900ERs; as well as 25 additional options and 30 future purchase rights. Deliveries were scheduled to be completed in 2017. In July",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3694896",
"chunk_text": "\"V Australia\"\nV Australia V Australia was a long-haul international airline owned by Virgin Australia Holdings that commenced operating on 27 February 2009. As part of a rebranding of all of Virgin Australia Holdings' subsidiaries, on 7 December 2011 it was subsumed into Virgin Australia. The name of the airline was decided in the same way that Virgin Blue's own name was found, with a public naming competition conducted in June 2007. On 25 June 2007, Virgin Blue released the eight finalists of the naming competition. They were: Australia Blue and Virgin Pacific were early favourites to win the competition, despite a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11266851",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nfrom three seats in economy configuration to two seats for premium economy. The premium product offered priority check-in, larger baggage allowance, lounge access, priority boarding, increased legroom and all-inclusive in flight entertainment, meals and beverages on board. The product was aimed at business and corporate customers. The airline began charging economy-class passengers for checked baggage in September 2008. The airline further announced its intention to operate Airbus A330 aircraft between Perth and the East Coast, starting in May 2011. In December 2010, Virgin Blue entered into alliances with Etihad Airways and Air New Zealand for code-sharing, reciprocal lounge and frequent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9573284",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Holdings\"\nVirgin Australia Holdings Virgin Australia Holdings Limited is the holding company that owns and operates Virgin Australia, Virgin Australia International Airlines, Virgin Australia Regional Airlines and Tigerair Australia. It previously operated Pacific Blue Airlines and joint-venture airline Polynesian Blue which were absorbed into Virgin Australia in December 2011. Its head office is located in Bowen Hills, Brisbane. Virgin Blue Holdings was formed in 2000 as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Virgin Group. In 2001, the then Air New Zealand owned Ansett Australia made a buyout offer of $250 million, which was publicly rejected by Richard Branson. In 2002, Virgin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9573278",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Holdings\"\nVirgin Australia Holdings Virgin Australia Holdings Limited is the holding company that owns and operates Virgin Australia, Virgin Australia International Airlines, Virgin Australia Regional Airlines and Tigerair Australia. It previously operated Pacific Blue Airlines and joint-venture airline Polynesian Blue which were absorbed into Virgin Australia in December 2011. Its head office is located in Bowen Hills, Brisbane. Virgin Blue Holdings was formed in 2000 as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Virgin Group. In 2001, the then Air New Zealand owned Ansett Australia made a buyout offer of $250 million, which was publicly rejected by Richard Branson. In 2002, Virgin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176358",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nlivery and the Australian slang tradition of calling a red-headed male 'Blue' or 'Bluey'. The timing of Virgin Blue's entry into the Australian market was fortunate as it was able to fill the vacuum created by the failure of Ansett Australia in September 2001. Ansett's failure allowed Virgin to grow rapidly to become Australia's second domestic carrier, rather than staying just a cut-price alternative to the established players. It also gave Virgin access to terminal space without which growth would have been significantly limited. Delays in negotiating access to the former Ansett terminal at Sydney Airport however, forced Virgin to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176372",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nof new crew uniforms and business-class seats. The airline stated that the re-brand would proceed in stages and would reportedly include a new fleet livery and the renaming of the other Virgin Blue Group airlines as well. On 4 May 2011, the former Virgin Blue revealed its new name, Virgin Australia, as well as its new livery. In addition to the new name, branding and livery, the airline also showed off its new flagship the Airbus A330 with new domestic business class. Boeing 737 business class seating was also revealed, to be introduced on all of Virgin's jet aircraft by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044248",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nthe end of 2011. Pacific Blue and V Australia were both folded into the new Virgin Australia brand, following an agreement with former Virgin Atlantic shareholder Singapore Airlines, which ever since the establishment of Virgin Blue in 2000 had previously prohibited use of the \"\"Virgin\"\" brand outside Australia. Early in 2011 it was announced that Virgin Blue had signed a ten-year deal with Perth-based regional airline Skywest Airlines, for Skywest to operate up to 18 turboprop aircraft leased by Virgin, in order to better compete in east coast regional markets served by QantasLink and Regional Express Airlines. The turboprops would",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734303",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\n2006, Virgin Blue's parent company announced its intention to operate up to seven flights a week to the United States using either Los Angeles International Airport or San Francisco International Airport, saying that the route was needed to make the airline as profitable as possible. On 25 July 2007, it was announced that \"\"V Australia\"\" would be the name of the new carrier. On 30 October 2012, Virgin Australia Holdings announced it had purchased a 60% stake in Tiger Airways Australia for $35 million. Tiger would continue to operate as a low cost subsidiary for 20 years. In October 2014",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15826616",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ)\"\nbehalf of Virgin Samoa (formerly known as Polynesian Blue). The airline has brought all its flying under its parent VA Air Operating Certificate. The final New Zealand registered Virgin Australia aircraft ZK-PBL finished up flying 13 March 2015 as VA161 AKL-BNE, bringing a visible end to VANZ. With the withdrawal of ZK-PBL, the New Zealand register connection ended after 11 years of aircraft on the New Zealand register from January 23 2004 to March 14 2015. The airline was established in 2003 and started operations on 29 January 2004 with a service between Christchurch and Brisbane, Australia. On 1 August",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044245",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nthe U.S. by the Australian International Air Services Commission. V Australia also applied to the United States Department of Transportation to operate services to San Francisco, Seattle, Las Vegas, and New York, but these plans never materialised. V Australia later launched flights to Nadi, Phuket and Johannesburg (all of which were discontinued prior to the brand being absorbed into Virgin Australia, although Virgin Australia continued to operate to Phuket until 2015, and still operates to Nadi), and Abu Dhabi to consolidate Virgin Blue's codeshare agreement with Etihad Airways. On 7 May 2010, Brett Godfrey officially stepped down as Virgin Blue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3694897",
"chunk_text": "\"V Australia\"\nproblem with the latter, as Singapore Airlines (through its stake in Virgin Atlantic) had control over the use of the 'Virgin' name on International air routes, and had not, in the past, allowed its use (see Pacific Blue Airlines). On 25 July 2007, Virgin Blue announced that \"\"V Australia\"\" would be the name of the new carrier, with the runner up of the competition, \"\"Didgeree Blue\"\", to be the name of the airline's first plane. In early 2006, Virgin Blue announced its intention to operate up to seven flights a week to the United States through either Los Angeles or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734302",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nthe airline would be ready to move into the new head office by August of the following year. The current head office facility, Virgin Village, formally opened on 17 October 2008. In September 2003, Pacific Blue was set up to offer a low-cost service between New Zealand and Australia. Pacific Blue aimed to position itself as a low-cost competitor to Air New Zealand and Qantas on trans-Tasman routes. Pacific Blue also operated services on behalf of the Polynesian Blue joint-venture with the government of Samoa. Pacific Blue has since been rebranded under the Virgin Australia name and livery. In early",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734304",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nVirgin took full control of Tigerair for one dollar. On 11 April 2013, Virgin Australia Holdings completed its acquisition of regional airline Skywest Airlines. Skywest was then renamed Virgin Australia Regional Airlines. Since its inception, Virgin Blue had sponsored many sporting teams in a bid to promote its brand. In February 2007, Virgin Blue signed a two-year sponsorship deal with NRL team the South Sydney Rabbitohs. The Rabbitohs were the first rugby league team Virgin Australia has sponsored. One of the airline's Boeing 737–800s had slight changes to its livery to commemorate this sponsorship; the Australian flag held by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11267230",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nInternational Airlines (formerly known as V Australia) operated under a different IATA code, 'VA'. Use of the two codes continued from the May 2011 company reorganisation and rebranding until January 2013, with the long-haul flights operated by the Boeing 777 fleet using the 'VA' code. In January 2013 use of the IATA code 'DJ' was discontinued and all flights now use the code 'VA'. Virgin Australia Virgin Australia Airlines is Australia's second-largest airline after Qantas and it is the largest airline by fleet size to use the Virgin brand. Based in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, the airline was co-founded by British",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17819652",
"chunk_text": "\"V Australia\"\nto Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, Las Vegas, and New York. Permission from the United States Department of Transportation was given after the signing of the open skies agreement. V Australia placed orders with Boeing for six Boeing 777-300ER aircraft. Pending delivery of the six aircraft, V Australia leased its first Boeing 777-300ER from the International Lease Finance Corporation; named \"\"Didgeree Blue\"\", it was delivered to V Australia at Boeing's Seattle headquarters on 26 January 2009. On 9 February \"\"Didgeree Blue\"\" touched down at Sydney Airport after flying from Seattle via Los Angeles where it was launched to the US",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176361",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\ninternet booking systems. It also cut costs in the past by limiting the number of airports serviced and by operating one type of aircraft, the Boeing 737. This strategy changed with the introduction of a second type into the fleet. The airline ordered 20 Embraer E-jets, in a mix of six E170s and 14 E190s. These were ordered specifically so that the airline could re-enter the Sydney–Canberra market that it abandoned in 2004, and to fly to less populous areas. The first E-170 arrived in Australia in September 2007 and by the end of the year the three on initial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4964850",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Regional Airlines\"\nAirlines was entirely owned by CaptiveVision Capital which in turn was a subsidiary of ASX and London Stock Exchange AIM market-quoted Skywest Airlines. Since 2004 under Skywest Airlines ownership, the fleet expanded from seven aircraft to 18 aircraft. Skywest's first Airbus A320 was registered in April 2010. It was delivered Perth on 23 October 2010 and operated charter services between Perth and Cloudbreak for Fortescue Metals Group. Skywest announced that it had optioned a second A320 on 12 May 2011. On 10 January 2011, it was announced that Virgin Australia had established a 10-year alliance under which Skywest would operate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6415651",
"chunk_text": "\"V Australia\"\nPremium Economy Class passengers connecting to V Australia on Virgin Australia flights domestically within Australia were entitled to access Virgin Australia's domestic lounges on the day of travel. At the time services ceased, V Australia used Air New Zealand's \"\"Koru Lounge\"\" in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane; Alaska Airlines' \"\"Board Room\"\" lounge in Los Angeles (Terminal 3) and Etihad Airways' Lounge in Abu Dhabi. V Australia V Australia was a long-haul international airline owned by Virgin Australia Holdings that commenced operating on 27 February 2009. As part of a rebranding of all of Virgin Australia Holdings' subsidiaries, on 7 December 2011",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11266880",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\n11 Embraer 190 and three Embraer 170 aircraft with options for six more E-jets, which later became orders for an additional three E170s and three E190s. In February 2008 a further four E190s were ordered, leaving six options and ten purchase rights. Virgin Blue received its first Embraer 170 in early September 2007 at a special ceremony at the Embraer plant in Sao Jose dos Campos. A revised logo was introduced on the tail, bringing the Virgin Blue brand into line with the logos of other Virgin-branded companies. Like Virgin Atlantic, Virgin Australia gives the aircraft in its fleet names,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9963928",
"chunk_text": "\"Albury Airport\"\nCoast from 29 June 2017. JETGO Australia's services later ceased after the company entered voluntary administration on 1 June 2018. Previously, jet services had been operated by Virgin Australia, which launched services to Albury on 5 February 2008 (as Virgin Blue) with double-daily flights using Embraer 170s before the type was phased out of their fleet. During the 1980s and early 90s, East-West served Albury with Fokker F28 jets. Brindabella Airlines provided a direct service to Canberra, but this ended controversially in 2012 when the airline cited an expected increase in operating costs due to the implementation of the a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11229898",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ)\"\nVirgin Australia Airlines (NZ) Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ) Limited formerly Pacific Blue Airlines (NZ) Limited, was an airline based in New Zealand. It was established as the New Zealand subsidiary of Australian airline Virgin Blue (now Virgin Australia). It was a fully owned subsidiary of Virgin Australia Holdings. It was renamed Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ) Ltd in December 2011 when its parent company decided to bring all its airlines under the one banner. It was based at Christchurch International Airport and operated air services between New Zealand and Australia as well as the Pacific Islands. It also operated services on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12044243",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nand 14.99% in Virgin Blue. Air New Zealand chief executive Rob Fyfe described the investment \"\"as part of Air New Zealand's strategy to develop scale and reach in this region\"\" but said the airline had no intention of making a full takeover. In early 2006, Virgin Blue announced its intention to operate up to seven flights a week to the U.S. through either Los Angeles International Airport or San Francisco International Airport. At the time, only Qantas and United Airlines competed in the Australia-US transpacific market. The airline was given permission for ten flights a week to the U.S. by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176397",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nThe airline signed a five-year carriage contract with TNT in 2016 and operations of dedicated freighter aircraft commenced on 4 July the same year. Virgin Australia offers a business class service on most of its jet aircraft. The seat pitch on the Airbus aircraft is ; and is on its Boeing 737-800 fleet. It also offers an international suite-style experience on the Airbus A330 with 20 Suites in a 1-2-1 layout which electronically convert to a lie flat bed. This service is offered on coast to coast services between Perth and Brisbane, Melbourne or Sydney. Premium economy seats were fitted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176356",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nin Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney, using a fleet of Boeing and Airbus jets. After several years operating as a low-cost carrier, it improved its services to become a self-described \"\"New World Carrier\"\", a business model which offers the \"\"guest\"\" the choice of purchasing a ticket with aspects of the \"\"no frills\"\" approach of low-cost carriers or paying a little more to receive services more in line with full-service airlines – to compete more effectively with Qantas in the business travel market. In 2011 it took this strategy further by introducing new uniforms; new catering options on board; new wide-body aircraft",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11266862",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nnet leased to Virgin Blue. As the airline started operations, it decided to place its head office in the Brisbane area. Brett Godfrey, the airline co-founder and Chief Executive for 10 years, said in 2006 that the decision \"\"was a long considered one and has worked well.\"\" The airline originally had its head office in Fortitude Valley, Brisbane. The airline purchased a $61 million site in Bowen Hills for its new head office. The firm Sunland Group, which had acquired the Bowen Hills site for $8 million in 2005, had scheduled to complete the new head office in March, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19901482",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Qantas\"\nin two stages, first by a sale of 25% to British Airways in 1993 and the remaining 75% by public float in mid-1995. Qantas ordered twelve Airbus A380-800s in 2000 and was soon the third airline to receive A380s, after Singapore Airlines and Emirates. The airline created a new cut-price subsidiary airline, Jetstar Airways after Virgin Blue expanded in October 2001. On 13 December 2004, the first flight of Jetstar Asia Airways took off from its Singapore hub to Hong Kong, marking Qantas' entry into the Asian cut-price market. Before 29 October 2011, Qantas operated a significant number of international",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734306",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nBlue fleet. In 2007 Virgin Blue introduced an advertising campaign with the slogan \"\"Get What You Want\"\", named after the song by Queensland band Operator Please that featured in its TV advertisements. In 2009, Virgin Blue introduced an all new advertising campaign entitled \"\"Now there's an idea\"\". TV Commercials showing comparisons between flying in Australia in 1999 as opposed to 2009 were screened, to the tune a song by The Cat Empire. New billboard advertising was launched, showcasing Virgin Blue's variety of products and on-time performance records. In 2011, with the airline's rebranding as Virgin Australia, the airline's slogan was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15826617",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ)\"\n2007, the ICAO code was changed from PBI to PBN. This was done in consultation with air traffic controllers to prevent confusion between the letter \"\"I\"\" and the number \"\"1\"\" in flight plans. On 21 August 2007, Pacific Blue announced its intention to begin domestic services in New Zealand with the first flights commencing 12 November 2007. The initial routes were Auckland–Wellington, Christchurch–Wellington and Auckland–Christchurch. Later Christchurch to Dunedin flights started. Pacific Blue announced its roll out of Premium economy seating across its fleet from March 2010 to match that of its sister Virgin Blue. Premium Economy is the front",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734313",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nthylacine) and 'Mackay-be Diva' (a pun on the city of Mackay, Queensland and Makybe Diva, a famous Australian racehorse). Beaches which have aircraft named after them include Cable Beach, Cottesloe Beach and Bondi Beach. Each aircraft in the Virgin Australia livery (some were painted in Pacific Blue livery for cross-promotional reasons) also features a \"\"virgin girl\"\" as nose art, complete with a wide-brimmed Aussie hat, trailing an Australian flag. On 24 October 2007, Virgin Australia announced the introduction of premium economy on all domestic flights. As the e-jets already have four-abreast seating, the number of seats on these aircraft remained",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176403",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nall international flights complimentary hot meals and beverages are offered to all Economy passengers. On all domestic flights and on short-haul international routes, a buy on board service with additional food and drinks available for purchase is offered from a separate menu by Luke Mangan which includes a gourmet range of snacks, meals and beverages. The menu is available on all domestic & short-haul international flights and on selected flights passengers also have access to hot snacks, hot meals and speciality products such as gourmet ice cream. In December 2006, Virgin Australia (as Virgin Blue) announced a partnership between Australian",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15119590",
"chunk_text": "\"Air New Zealand\"\nof the 787. On 21 December 2010, the New Zealand government approved an alliance between Air New Zealand and Australian airline Virgin Blue (now named Virgin Australia), which allowed both airlines to expand operations between Australia and New Zealand with codeshares for trans-Tasman and connecting domestic flights; and reciprocal access to frequent flyer programmes and airport lounges. Air New Zealand subsequently purchased a 26% shareholding in Virgin Australia Holdings (Virgin Australia's parent company) to cement the relationship. By October 2016 Air New Zealand sold its remaining stake in Virgin Australia to investors and the Nasham Group. On 4 April 2018,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4436614",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Holdings\"\nVirgin Blue, said in 2006 that the decision \"\"was a long considered one and has worked well.\"\" The airline originally had its head office in Fortitude Valley. The airline purchased a $61 million site in Bowen Hills for its new head office. The firm Sunland Group, which had acquired the Bowen Hills site for $8 million in 2005, had scheduled to complete the new head office in March, and the airline would be ready to move into the new head office by August of the following year. The current head office facility, Virgin Village, formally opened on 17 October 2008.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18905530",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Branson\"\nits passengers, hacking its computers, and leaking stories to the press that portrayed Virgin negatively. After the so-called campaign of \"\"dirty tricks\"\", British Airways settled the case, giving £500,000 to Branson, a further £110,000 to his airline, and had to pay legal fees of up to £3 million. Branson distributed his compensation (the so-called \"\"BA bonus\"\") among his staff. Branson launched Virgin Mobile in 1999, and Virgin Blue in Australia (now named Virgin Australia) in 2000. On 25 September 2004, Branson announced the signing of a deal under which a new space tourism company, Virgin Galactic, will license the technology",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176360",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nclosure of the offer, Patrick held 62% of the company, giving it control. Virgin Group retains a 25% share. In May 2006 Toll Holdings acquired Patrick and became the majority owner of Virgin Blue. In July 2008 Toll sold its majority holding via a special dividend to hold 1.7% of the company. In June 2013 Air New Zealand owned 23% of the company. Virgin Blue previously used a familiar formula pioneered by airlines such as Southwest Airlines and Ryanair of eliminating costs such as included in-flight meals and printed tickets in favour of selling food on-board and using telephone and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4734309",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nthe 2009 Freddie Awards for best frequent flyer program, best award redemption, best affinity credit card, best member communications, best website. This was the fourth consecutive Freddie Awards that velocity has won. As of December 2016, Virgin Australia has codeshare agreements with the following airlines: Initially, Virgin Australia leased its aircraft, but recent additions to the fleet have been purchased outright. Virgin Australia-owned Boeing 737s are indicated by the Boeing customer code FE in the model suffix. Aircraft formerly owned by V Australia are indicated by ZG in the model suffix. In November 2006, Virgin Blue announced plans to purchase",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19901503",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Qantas\"\nA380-800s in 2000, with options for twelve more. Eight of these options were exercised in 2006, bringing firm orders to twenty. Qantas is the third airline to receive A380s, after Singapore Airlines and Emirates. The main domestic competitor to Qantas, Ansett Australia, collapsed on 14 September 2001. Market share for Qantas immediately neared 90%, with the relatively new budget airline Virgin Blue holding the remainder. To capitalise on this event, Qantas ordered Boeing 737–800 aircraft, obtaining them a mere three months later. This unusually short time between order and delivery was possible due to the 11 September 2001 attacks in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176359",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nuse its original terminal there—a collection of prefabricated buildings without aerobridges—longer than was needed. As the airline grew, it acquired new equipment, enabling it to phase-out its older 737-400s in favour of 737-700 and -800 series aircraft with modern glass cockpits, winglets and greater fuel efficiency. Virgin Group's holding in Virgin Australia has since been reduced, initially via a sale of a half interest to Australian logistics conglomerate Patrick Corporation, and later by a public float. In early 2005 Patrick launched a hostile takeover for Virgin Blue. Patrick had been unhappy for some time with the company's direction. By the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5574567",
"chunk_text": "Qantas\nwith the entry of new budget airline Virgin Blue into the domestic market, Qantas' market share fell. Qantas created the budget Jetstar Airways in 2001 to compete, and the market share of the Qantas Group settled at a relatively stable position of about 65%, with 30% for Virgin Blue and other regional airlines accounting for the rest of the market. Qantas briefly revived the Australian Airlines name for a short-lived international budget airline between 2002 and 2006, but this subsidiary was shut down in favour of expanding Jetstar internationally, including to New Zealand. In 2004, the Qantas group expanded into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13022063",
"chunk_text": "\"Launceston Airport\"\n767 standard. In 1998, the airport was privatised, and is now owned jointly by Launceston City Council and Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Limited, which also owns Melbourne Airport. The collapse of Ansett Australia in 2001, the introduction of Virgin Blue (now Virgin Australia) and the Qantas subsidiary Jetstar Airways in 2001 and 2004; and the creation of the Australian low-cost airline market; have all contributed to a dramatic increase in aircraftmovements at Launceston Airport. In 2007 the airport reached the milestone of one million passengermovements per year. Tiger Airways Australia also introduced services, and withdrew again in July 2010. Launceston",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17819653",
"chunk_text": "\"V Australia\"\npress by Sir Richard Branson and Australian celebrities Julian McMahon and Holly Valance. In 2010 two of the Boeing 777 orders were converted to options for delivery in 2012. V Australia commenced passenger services on 27 February 2009. On 17 August 2009, V Australia announced that it would expand on its Brisbane/Sydney to Los Angeles routes. It was announced that the airline would fly from Melbourne to Johannesburg, Los Angeles and Phuket; as well as Brisbane to Phuket. V Australia also announced on 17 August 2009 that it had applied to fly between Australia and Fiji. V Australia also considered",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13876041",
"chunk_text": "\"Brett Godfrey\"\nand by the end of Godfrey's tenure Virgin Blue had made $700M in accumulated profits. Godfrey retired as CEO of Virgin Blue in 2010. Brett Godfrey is co-founder and was founding CEO of Virgin Australia Airlines Group (Formerly Virgin Blue), launching the airline with just UD$10M in seed capital and 2 jets. He greatly expanded the airline, introducing low fare flights and creating partnerships with other airlines, often taking advantage of downturns in the airline industry. Godfrey's 10-year period as CEO saw the airline expand to an operation of 86 aircraft, 6,500 staff and an Airline Group incorporating Virgin Blue",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9176394",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia\"\nits fleet of Embraer 170s and introduce new regional routes. The turboprops would be operated by Skywest Airlines under a wet lease agreement. The May in-service date was not met, and in late July the first announcement was made concerning routes to be served. It was reported that the ATR-72s would be initially employed on services between Brisbane and Gladstone, Queensland; from Brisbane and Sydney to Port Macquarie in New South Wales; and on additional services between Sydney and Canberra. On 25 January 2012, Virgin Australia announced additional services between Brisbane, Proserpine, Rockhampton and Cairns. It wet leased two Fokker",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12010390",
"chunk_text": "\"Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ)\"\nHamilton was served from Brisbane services ended in October 2012. International destinations served are: Brisbane, Gold Coast, Melbourne, Nadi, Port Vila, Apia, Nuku'alofa, Rarotonga and Sydney. Formerly Cairns (ex Auckland), Port Moresby, and Honiara (both ex Brisbane) were served. The fleet consisted of all modern Boeing 737 aircraft: Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ) Virgin Australia Airlines (NZ) Limited formerly Pacific Blue Airlines (NZ) Limited, was an airline based in New Zealand. It was established as the New Zealand subsidiary of Australian airline Virgin Blue (now Virgin Australia). It was a fully owned subsidiary of Virgin Australia Holdings. It was renamed Virgin",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20768022",
"chunk_text": "\"Sydney Airport\"\nis presently the longest operational runway in Australia, with a paved length of and between the zebra thresholds. By the 1960s, the need for a new international terminal had become apparent, and work commenced in late 1966. Much of the new terminal was designed by Paynter and Dixon Industries. The plans for the design are held by the State Library of New South Wales. The new terminal was officially opened on 3 May 1970, by HM Queen Elizabeth II. The first Boeing 747 \"\"Jumbo Jet\"\" at the airport, Pan American's \"\"Clipper Flying Cloud\"\" (N734PA), arrived on 4 October 1970. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_684
|
a political leader during the roman empire was called?
|
n/a
|
[
"emperors"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16863400",
"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nRoman emperor The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman Empire during the imperial period (starting in 27 BC). The emperors used a variety of different titles throughout history. Often when a given Roman is described as becoming \"\"emperor\"\" in English, it reflects his taking of the title \"\"Augustus\"\" or \"\"Caesar\"\". Another title often used was \"\"imperator\"\", originally a military honorific. Early Emperors also used the title \"\"princeps\"\" (first citizen). Emperors frequently amassed republican titles, notably \"\"princeps senatus\"\", \"\"consul\"\" and \"\"pontifex maximus\"\". The legitimacy of an emperor's rule depended on his control of the army and recognition by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7007798",
"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nbut only with Vespasian did \"\"imperator\"\" (emperor) become the official title by which the ruler of the Roman Empire was known. The word \"\"princeps\"\" (plural \"\"principes\"\"), meaning \"\"first\"\", was a republican term used to denote the leading citizen(s) of the state. It was a purely honorific title with no attached duties or powers. It was the title most preferred by Caesar Augustus as its use implies only primacy, as opposed to another of his titles, \"\"imperator\"\", which implies dominance. \"\"Princeps\"\", because of its republican connotation, was most commonly used to refer to the emperor in Latin (although the emperor's actual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1607535",
"chunk_text": "Empire\ndirect or indirect control of that state, such as a colony, client state, or protectorate. Although historians use the terms \"\"Republican Period\"\" and \"\"Imperial Period\"\" to identify the periods of Roman history before and after absolute power was assumed by Augustus, the Romans themselves continued to refer to their government as a republic, and during the Republican Period, the territories controlled by the republic were referred to as \"\"\"\"Imperium Romanum\"\"\"\". The emperor's actual legal power derived from holding the office of \"\"consul\"\", but he was traditionally honored with the titles of \"\"imperator\"\" (commander) and \"\"princeps\"\" (first man or, chief). Later,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8478696",
"chunk_text": "Emperor\n(\"\"first citizen\"\") from which the modern English word and title prince is descended. The first period of the Roman Empire, from 27 BC – 284 AD, is called the \"\"principate\"\" for this reason. However, it was the informal descriptive of \"\"Imperator\"\" (\"\"commander\"\") that became the title increasingly favored by his successors. Previously bestowed on high officials and military commanders who had \"\"imperium\"\", Augustus reserved it exclusively to himself as the ultimate holder of all \"\"imperium\"\". (\"\"Imperium\"\" is Latin for the authority to command, one of a various types of authority delineated in Roman political thought.) Beginning with Augustus, \"\"Imperator\"\" appeared",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5591691",
"chunk_text": "\"Roman Empire\"\nemperors, but by annually elected magistrates (Roman Consuls above all) in conjunction with the senate. For various reasons, the 1st century BC was a time of political and military upheaval, which ultimately led to rule by emperors. The consuls' military power rested in the Roman legal concept of \"\"imperium\"\", which literally means \"\"command\"\" (though typically in a military sense). Occasionally, successful consuls were given the honorary title \"\"imperator\"\" (commander), and this is the origin of the word \"\"emperor\"\" (and \"\"empire\"\") since this title (among others) was always bestowed to the early emperors upon their accession. Rome suffered a long series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "687216",
"chunk_text": "Imperator\nImperator The Latin word imperator derives from the stem of the verb \"\"imperare\"\", meaning 'to order, to command'. It was originally employed as a title roughly equivalent to \"\"commander\"\" under the Roman Republic. Later it became a part of the titulature of the Roman Emperors as part of their cognomen. The English word \"\"emperor\"\" derives from \"\"imperator\"\" via Old French \"\"Empereür\"\". The Roman emperors themselves generally based their authority on multiple titles and positions, rather than preferring any single title. Nevertheless, \"\"imperator\"\" was used relatively consistently as an element of a Roman ruler's title throughout the principate (derived from \"\"princeps\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16863413",
"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nthe Imperial era used several titles to denote their emperors, and all were associated with the pre-Imperial, Republican era. The emperor's legal authority derived from an extraordinary concentration of individual powers and offices that were extant in the Republic rather than from a new political office; emperors were regularly elected to the offices of consul and censor. Among their permanent privileges were the traditional Republican title of \"\"princeps senatus\"\" (leader of the Senate) and the religious office of \"\"pontifex maximus\"\" (chief priest of the College of Pontiffs). Every emperor held the latter office and title until Gratian surrendered it in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
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"chunk_text": "Dictator\nDictator A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A state which is ruled by a dictator is called a dictatorship. The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency (see Roman dictator and \"\"justitium\"\"). Like the term \"\"tyrant\"\" (which was originally a respectable Ancient Greek title), and to a lesser degree \"\"autocrat\"\", \"\"dictator\"\" came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive, even abusive rule, yet it had rare modern titular use. In modern usage, the term \"\"dictator\"\"",
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"chunk_text": "Imperator\nfrom which \"\"prince\"\" in English is derived) and the dominate. In Latin, the feminine form of Imperator is imperatrix. When Rome was ruled by kings, to be able to rule, the king had to be invested with the full regal authority and power. So, after the comitia curiata, held to elect the king, the king also had to be conferred the imperium. In Roman Republican literature and epigraphy, an imperator was a magistrate with imperium. But also, mainly in the later Roman Republic and during the late Republican civil wars, \"\"imperator\"\" was the honorific title assumed by certain military commanders.",
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"chunk_text": "Principate\nPrincipate The Principate is the name sometimes given to the first period of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the end of the Crisis of the Third Century in 284 AD, after which it evolved into the so-called \"\"Dominate\"\". The Principate is characterised by the reign of a single emperor (\"\"princeps\"\") and an effort on the part of the early emperors, at least, to preserve the illusion of the formal continuance, in some aspects, of the Roman Republic. It is etymologically derived from the Latin word \"\"princeps\"\", meaning \"\"chief\"\" or \"\"first\"\",",
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"chunk_text": "Consul\nConsul Consul (abbrev. \"\"cos.\"\"; Latin plural \"\"consules\"\") was the title of one of the chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently a somewhat significant title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city states through antiquity and the Middle Ages, then revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic. The relating adjective is consular, from the \"\"consularis\"\". This usage contrasts with modern terminology, where a consul is a type of diplomat. A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic (509 to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship",
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"chunk_text": "Proconsul\nSenate when his term expired. This custom allowed for continuity of command despite the high turnover of consuls. In the Roman Empire, proconsul was a title held by a civil governor and did not imply military command. In modern times, various officials with notable delegated authority have been referred to as proconsuls. Studies of leadership typically divide leaders into policymakers and subordinate administrators. The proconsul occupies a position between these two categories. Max Weber classified leadership as traditional, rational-legal (bureaucratic), and charismatic. A proconsul could be both a rule-following bureaucrat and charismatic personality. The rise of bureaucracy and rapid communication",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\n(such as Tiberius) are known to have delegated this task to the Senate. In modern terms these early emperors would tend to be identified as chiefs of state. The office of \"\"princeps senatus\"\", however, was not a magistracy and did not entail \"\"imperium\"\". At some points in the Empire's history, the emperor's power was nominal; powerful praetorian prefects, masters of the soldiers and on a few occasions, other members of the Imperial household including Imperial mothers and grandmothers were the true source of power. The title \"\"imperator\"\" dates back to the Roman Republic, when a victorious commander could be hailed",
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"chunk_text": "Praetorium\nPraetorium The Latin term praetorium — or prœtorium or pretorium — originally signified a general's tent within a Roman castra, castellum, or encampment. It derived from the name of one of the chief Roman magistrates, the praetor. \"\"Praetor\"\" (Latin, \"\"leader\"\") was originally the title of the highest-ranking civil servant in the Roman Republic, but later became a position directly below the rank of consul. The general's war council would meet within this tent, thus acquiring an administrative and juridical meaning that was carried over into the Byzantine Empire, where the \"\"praitōrion\"\" was the residence of a city's governor. The term",
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"chunk_text": "Princeps\nRoman Empire from Augustus to Diocletian is termed the \"\"principate\"\" (\"\"principatus\"\") and from Diocletian onwards as the \"\"dominate\"\" (\"\"dominatus\"\"). The medieval title \"\"prince\"\" is a derivative of princeps. \"\"Princeps\"\" was also used as defining second part of various other military titles, such as \"\"Decurio princeps\"\", Signifer princeps (among the standard-bearers). See also Principalis (as in \"\"Optio principalis\"\"): NCO. Princeps is also the (official) short version of Princeps officii, the chief of an officium (the office staff of a Roman dignitary). \"\"Princeps civitatis\"\" (\"\"First Citizen\"\") was an official title of a Roman Emperor as the title determining the leader in Ancient",
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"chunk_text": "Emperor\npolitical order to maintain the forms and pretenses of republican rule. Julius Caesar had been Dictator, an acknowledged and traditional office in Republican Rome. Caesar was not the first to hold it, but following his assassination the term was abhorred in Rome. Augustus, considered the first Roman emperor, established his hegemony by collecting on himself offices, titles, and honours of Republican Rome that had traditionally been distributed to different people, concentrating what had been distributed power in one man. One of these offices was \"\"princeps senatus\"\", (\"\"first man of the Senate\"\") and became changed into Augustus' chief honorific, \"\"princeps civitatis\"\"",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman Emperor (Principate)\"\nRoman Emperor (Principate) The office of Roman Emperor went through a complex evolution over the centuries of its existence. During its earliest phase, the Principate, the reality of autocratic rule was masked behind the forms and conventions of oligarchic self-government inherited from the Roman Republic. The emperor had no specific office unless he chose to occupy the Republican office of consul. The Julio-Claudian dynasty was composed of the Iulii Caesares and the Claudii Nerones, two distinguished patrician families in the waning days of the old Republic. The Iulii Caesares rose to absolute power in the Roman state in the person",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman governor\"\nRoman governor A Roman governor was an official either elected or appointed to be the chief administrator of Roman law throughout one or more of the many provinces constituting the Roman Empire. A Roman governor is also known as a propraetor or proconsul. The generic term in Roman legal language was \"\"Rector provinciae,\"\" regardless of the specific titles, which also reflect the province's intrinsic and strategic status, and corresponding differences in authority. By the time of the early empire, there were two types of provinces — senatorial and imperial — and several types of governor would emerge. Only \"\"proconsuls\"\" and",
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"chunk_text": "\"Caesar (title)\"\nCaesar (title) Caesar (English Caesars; Latin \"\"Caesares\"\") is a title of imperial character. It derives from the \"\"cognomen\"\" of Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator. The change from being a familial name to a title adopted by the Roman Emperors can be dated to about AD 68/69, the so-called \"\"Year of the Four Emperors\"\". For political and personal reasons, Octavian chose to emphasize his relationship with Julius Caesar by styling himself simply \"\"Imperator Caesar\"\" (whereto the Roman Senate added the honorific \"\"Augustus\"\", \"\"Majestic\"\" or \"\"Venerable\"\", in 27 BC), without any of the other elements of his full name. His successor as",
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"chunk_text": "\"Executive magistrates of the Roman Empire\"\nExecutive magistrates of the Roman Empire The executive magistrates of the Roman Empire were elected individuals of the ancient Roman Empire. During the transition from monarchy to republic, the constitutional balance of power shifted from the executive (the Roman King) to the Roman Senate. During the transition from republic to empire, the constitutional balance of power shifted back to the executive (the Roman Emperor). Theoretically, the senate elected each new emperor, although in practice, it was the army which made the choice. The powers of an emperor, (his \"\"imperium\"\") existed, in theory at least, by virtue of his legal standing.",
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"chunk_text": "\"Imperial Roman army\"\nof the emperor, whose official titles were princeps (\"\"First Citizen\"\") and \"\"Augustus\"\". (In conversation, the emperor was normally addressed as \"\"Caesar\"\" and referred to in popular speech as \"\"imperator\"\", a term which originally meant \"\"supreme commander\"\", and from which the English word \"\"emperor\"\" derives, via Proto-Romance *\"\"imperatore\"\" and Old French \"\"empereor\"\".) The emperor's supremacy was based on his assumption of two permanent and sweeping powers: the tribunicia potestas (\"\"power of the tribune (of the plebs)\"\"), which gave him control of the legislative body, the Senate (by giving him a veto over its decrees); and the imperium proconsulare maius (literally: \"\"eminent",
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"chunk_text": "\"Julius Caesar\"\nof Sallust. The later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also major sources. Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. His cognomen was subsequently adopted as a synonym for \"\"Emperor\"\"; the title \"\"Caesar\"\" was used throughout the Roman Empire, giving rise to modern cognates such as Kaiser or Tsar. He has frequently appeared in literary and artistic works, and his political philosophy, known as \"\"Caesarism\"\" inspired politicians into the modern era. Gaius Julius Caesar was born into a patrician family, the \"\"gens Julia\"\", which claimed descent from Iulus, son",
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"chunk_text": "\"History of the Roman Empire\"\nin the late 80s BC and then by Julius Caesar in the mid-40s; the title \"\"dictator\"\" was never again used. As the adopted heir of Julius Caesar, Augustus had taken \"\"Caesar\"\" as a component of his name, and handed down the name to his heirs of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. With Vespasian, one of the first emperors outside the dynasty, \"\"Caesar\"\" evolved from a family name to a formal title. Augustus created his novel and historically unique position by consolidating the constitutional powers of several Republican offices. He renounced his consulship in 23 BC, but retained his consular \"\"imperium\"\", leading to",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nSenate; an emperor would normally be proclaimed by his troops, or invested with imperial titles by the Senate, or both. The first emperors reigned alone; later emperors would sometimes rule with co-emperors and divide administration of the empire between them. The Romans considered the office of emperor to be distinct from that of a king. The first emperor, Augustus, resolutely refused recognition as a monarch. Although Augustus could claim that his power was authentically republican, his successor, Tiberius, could not convincingly make the same claim. Nonetheless, for the first three hundred years of Roman emperors, from Augustus until Diocletian, efforts",
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"chunk_text": "Legatus\nLegatus A legatus (anglicized as legate) was a high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman Army, equivalent to a modern high-ranking general officer. Initially used to delegate power, the term became formalized under Augustus as the officer in command of a legion. From the times of the Roman Republic, legates had received large shares of the militaries rewards at the end of a successful campaign, which made the position a lucrative one, so it could often attract even distinguished consuls or other high-ranking political figures within Roman politics (e.g., the consul Lucius Julius Caesar volunteered late in the Gallic Wars",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nthen create a rival lineage of Roman emperors in western Europe, the Holy Roman Emperors, which ruled the Holy Roman Empire for most of the period between 800 and 1806. These Emperors were never recognized as Roman emperors by the court in Constantinople. Modern historians conventionally regard Augustus as the first Emperor whereas Julius Caesar is considered the last dictator of the Roman Republic, a view having its origins in the Roman writers Plutarch, Tacitus and Cassius Dio. However, the majority of Roman writers, including Josephus, Pliny the Younger, Suetonius and Appian, as well as most of the ordinary people",
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"chunk_text": "\"Executive magistrates of the Roman Kingdom\"\nExecutive magistrates of the Roman Kingdom The executive magistrates of the Roman Kingdom were elected officials of the ancient Roman Kingdom. During the period of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman King was the principal executive magistrate. His power, in practice, was absolute. He was the chief executive, chief priest, chief lawgiver, chief judge, and the sole commander-in-chief of the army. He had the sole power to select his own assistants, and to grant them their powers. Unlike most other ancient monarchs, his powers rested on law and legal precedent, through a type of statutory authorization known as \"\"Imperium\"\" (Latin: \"\"Command\"\").",
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"chunk_text": "Exarch\nExarch The term exarch () comes from the Ancient Greek ἔξαρχος, \"\"exarchos\"\", and designates holders of various historical offices, some of them being political or military and others being ecclesiastical. In the late Roman Empire and early Byzantine Empire, an \"\"exarch\"\" was a governor of a particular territory. Since the end of 3rd century, every Roman diocese was governed by vicarius who was called \"\"exarch\"\" in eastern parts of the Empire, dominated by Greek language and the use of Greek terminology. The office of exarch as a governor with extended political and military authority was later created in Byzantine Empire,",
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"chunk_text": "Emperor\nthe Greek word \"\"autokrator\"\", meaning \"\"one who rules himself\"\", or \"\"monarch\"\", which was traditionally used by Greek writers to translate the Latin \"\"dictator\"\". Essentially, the Greek language did not incorporate the nuances of the Ancient Roman concepts that distinguished \"\"imperium\"\" from other forms of political power. In general usage, the Byzantine imperial title evolved from simply \"\"emperor\"\" (\"\"basileus\"\"), to \"\"emperor of the Romans\"\" (\"\"basileus tōn Rōmaiōn\"\") in the 9th century, to \"\"emperor and autocrat of the Romans\"\" (\"\"basileus kai autokratōr tōn Rōmaiōn\"\") in the 10th. In fact, none of these (and other) additional epithets and titles had ever been completely",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman consul\"\npraetors (\"\"leader\"\"), referring to their duties as the chief military commanders. By at least 300 BC the title of Consul became commonly used. Ancient writers usually derive the title \"\"consul\"\" from the Latin verb \"\"consulere\"\", \"\"to take counsel\"\", but this is most likely a later gloss of the term, which probably derives—in view of the joint nature of the office—from \"\"con-\"\" and \"\"sal-\"\", \"\"get together\"\" or from \"\"con-\"\" and \"\"sell-/sedl-\"\", \"\"sit down together with\"\" or \"\"next to\"\". In Greek, the title was originally rendered as , \"\"strategos hypatos\"\" (\"\"the supreme general\"\"), and later simply as ὕπατος. The consul was believed",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman Empire\"\nlaws, could collect their own taxes locally, and in exceptional cases were exempt from Roman taxation. Legal privileges and relative independence were an incentive to remain in good standing with Rome. Roman government was thus limited, but efficient in its use of the resources available to it. The dominance of the emperor was based on the consolidation of certain powers from several republican offices, including the inviolability of the tribunes of the people and the authority of the censors to manipulate the hierarchy of Roman society. The emperor also made himself the central religious authority as Pontifex Maximus, and centralized",
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"chunk_text": "\"Ancient Rome\"\nwere: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius and Nero. The dynasty is so-called due to the \"\"gens Julia\"\", family of Augustus, and the \"\"gens Claudia\"\", family of Tiberius. The Julio-Claudians started the destruction of republican values, but on the other hand, they boosted Rome's status as the central power in the world. While Caligula and Nero are usually remembered as dysfunctional emperors in popular culture, Augustus and Claudius are remembered as emperors who were successful in politics and the military. This dynasty instituted imperial tradition in Rome and frustrated any attempt to reestablish a Republic. Augustus gathered almost all the republican powers",
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"chunk_text": "\"History of the Roman Empire\"\nof Actium in 31 BC. In 27 BC the Senate and People of Rome made Octavian \"\"imperator\"\" (\"\"commander\"\") thus beginning the Principate, the first epoch of Roman imperial history usually dated from 27 BC to 284 AD; they later awarded him the name Augustus, \"\"the venerated\"\". The success of Augustus in establishing principles of dynastic succession was limited by his outliving a number of talented potential heirs: the Julio-Claudian dynasty lasted for four more emperors—Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero—before it yielded in 69 AD to the strife-torn Year of Four Emperors, from which Vespasian emerged as victor. Vespasian became the",
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"chunk_text": "Principate\nthe political regime dominated by such a political leader, whether or not he is formally head of state and/or head of government. This reflects the principate emperors' assertion that they were merely \"\"first among equals\"\" among the citizens of Rome. The title, in full, of \"\"princeps senatus\"\" / \"\"princeps civitatis\"\" (\"\"first amongst the senators\"\" / \"\"first amongst the citizens\"\") was first adopted by Octavian Caesar Augustus (27 BC–AD 14), the first Roman 'emperor' who chose, like the assassinated dictator Julius Caesar, not to reintroduce a legal monarchy. Augustus's purpose was probably to establish the political stability desperately needed after the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Ancient Rome\"\n27 BC and at the age of 36, Octavian was the sole Roman leader. In that year, he took the name \"\"Augustus\"\". That event is usually taken by historians as the beginning of Roman Empire – although Rome was an \"\"imperial\"\" state since 146 BC, when Carthage was razed by Scipio Aemilianus and Greece was conquered by Lucius Mummius. Officially, the government was republican, but Augustus assumed absolute powers. His reform of the government brought about a two-century period colloquially referred to by Romans as the Pax Romana. The Julio-Claudian dynasty was established by Augustus. The emperors of this dynasty",
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"chunk_text": "\"Caesar (title)\"\nDecline of the West\"\". Caesar (title) Caesar (English Caesars; Latin \"\"Caesares\"\") is a title of imperial character. It derives from the \"\"cognomen\"\" of Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator. The change from being a familial name to a title adopted by the Roman Emperors can be dated to about AD 68/69, the so-called \"\"Year of the Four Emperors\"\". For political and personal reasons, Octavian chose to emphasize his relationship with Julius Caesar by styling himself simply \"\"Imperator Caesar\"\" (whereto the Roman Senate added the honorific \"\"Augustus\"\", \"\"Majestic\"\" or \"\"Venerable\"\", in 27 BC), without any of the other elements of his full",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman Empire\"\nwhile exceptional, are indicative of the upward social mobility possible in the Empire. The Latin word \"\"ordo\"\" (plural \"\"ordines\"\") refers to a social distinction that is translated variously into English as \"\"class, order, rank,\"\" none of which is exact. One purpose of the Roman census was to determine the \"\"ordo\"\" to which an individual belonged. The two highest \"\"ordines\"\" in Rome were the senatorial and equestrian. Outside Rome, the decurions, also known as \"\"curiales\"\" (Greek \"\"bouleutai\"\"), were the top governing \"\"ordo\"\" of an individual city. \"\"Senator\"\" was not itself an elected office in ancient Rome; an individual gained admission to",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nof the Empire, thought of Julius Caesar as the first Emperor. At the end of the Roman Republic no new, and certainly no single, title indicated the individual who held supreme power. Insofar as \"\"emperor\"\" could be seen as the English translation of imperator, then Julius Caesar had been an emperor, like several Roman generals before him. Instead, by the end of the civil wars in which Julius Caesar had led his armies, it became clear that there was certainly no consensus to return to the old-style monarchy, but that the period when several officials, bestowed with equal power by",
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"chunk_text": "Imperator\nwould occasionally be granted to a member of his family. As a permanent title, \"\"imperator\"\" was used as a praenomen by the Roman emperors and was taken on accession. After the reign of Tiberius, the act of being proclaimed imperator was transformed into the act of imperial accession. In fact, if a general was acclaimed by his troops as \"\"imperator\"\", it would be tantamount to a declaration of rebellion against the ruling emperor. At first the term continued to be used in the Republican sense as a victory title but attached to the \"\"de facto\"\" monarch and head of state,",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nconstitutional position was essentially \"\"pontifex maximus with tribunician power and \"\"imperium\"\" superseding all others\"\") as it was in keeping with the façade of the restored Republic; the Greek word \"\"basileus\"\" (\"\"king\"\") was modified to be synonymous with emperor (and primarily came into favour after the reign of Heraclius) as the Greeks had no republican sensibility and openly viewed the emperor as a monarch. In the era of Diocletian and beyond, \"\"princeps\"\" fell into disuse and was replaced with \"\"dominus\"\" (\"\"lord\"\"); later emperors used the formula \"\"Imperator Caesar NN. Pius Felix (Invictus) Augustus\"\": NN representing the individual's personal name; Pius Felix",
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"chunk_text": "\"Roman magistrate\"\nRoman magistrate The Roman magistrates were elected officials in Ancient Rome. During the period of the Roman Kingdom, the King of Rome was the principal executive magistrate. His power, in practice, was absolute. He was the chief priest, lawgiver, judge, and the sole commander of the army. When the king died, his power reverted to the Roman Senate, which then chose an Interrex to facilitate the election of a new king. During the transition from monarchy to republic, the constitutional balance of power shifted from the executive (the Roman king) to the Roman Senate. When the Roman Republic was founded",
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"chunk_text": "Tetrarchy\nTetrarchy The term \"\"tetrarchy\"\" (from the , \"\"tetrarchia\"\", \"\"leadership of four [people]\"\") describes any form of government where power is divided among four individuals, but in modern usage usually refers to the system instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293, marking the end of the Crisis of the Third Century and the recovery of the Roman Empire. This tetrarchy lasted until c. 313, when mutually destructive conflict eliminated most of the claimants to power, leaving Constantine in control of the western half of the empire, and Licinius in control of the eastern half. Although the term \"\"tetrarch\"\" was current in",
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"chunk_text": "Imperium\nthe territorial limits of that \"\"imperium\"\". Individuals given such power were referred to as curule magistrates or promagistrates. These included the curule aedile, the praetor, the consul, the magister equitum, and the dictator. In ancient Rome, \"\"imperium\"\" could be used as a term indicating a characteristic of people, the wealth held in items, or the measure of formal power they had. This qualification could be used in a rather loose context (for example, poets used it, not necessarily writing about state officials). However, in Roman society it was also a more formal concept of legal authority. A man with \"\"imperium\"\"",
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"chunk_text": "Autokrator\nAutokrator Autokratōr (, \"\"autokrátor\"\", , \"\"autokrátores\"\", Ancient Greek pronunciation , Byzantine pronunciation lit. \"\"self-ruler\"\", \"\"one who rules by himself\"\", from αὐτός and κράτος) is a Greek epithet applied to an individual who exercises absolute power, unrestrained by superiors. In a historical context, it has been applied to military commanders-in-chief, and to Roman and Byzantine emperors as the translation of the Latin title \"\"imperator\"\". Its connection with Byzantine-style absolutism gave rise to the modern terms autocrat and autocracy. In modern Greek, it means \"\"emperor\"\", and the female form of the title is autokrateira (, \"\"autokráteira\"\", \"\"empress\"\"). The title appeared in Classical",
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"chunk_text": "Augustus\nfree Republic, with governmental power vested in the Roman Senate, the executive magistrates, and the legislative assemblies. In reality, however, he retained his autocratic power over the Republic as a military dictator. By law, Augustus held a collection of powers granted to him for life by the Senate, including supreme military command, and those of tribune and censor. It took several years for Augustus to develop the framework within which a formally republican state could be led under his sole rule. He rejected monarchical titles, and instead called himself \"\"Princeps Civitatis\"\" (\"\"First Citizen of the State\"\"). The resulting constitutional framework",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2735369",
"chunk_text": "Dominate\nthe close of the reign of Justinian I (AD 565) or of Heraclius (AD 641). In form, the Dominate is considered to have been more authoritarian, less collegiate and more bureaucratic than the Principate from which it emerged. The modern term Dominate is derived from the Latin \"\"dominus\"\", which translates into English as \"\"lord\"\" or \"\"master.\"\" This form of address—traditionally used by slaves to address their masters—was sporadically used in addressing emperors throughout the Principate, usually in the form of excessive flattery (or political invective) when referring to the emperor. Augustus actively discouraged the practice, and Tiberius in particular is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19324775",
"chunk_text": "Praetor\nby one. A dictator was called the \"\"praetor maximus\"\". The use of the adjectives (\"\"praetorius, praetoricius, praetorianus\"\") in a large number of circumstances testify to a general sense. The leadership functions of any corporate body at Rome might be termed praetorial. The \"\"praetoria potestas\"\" in Republican Rome was at first held by the consuls. These two officials, elected on an annual basis, inherited the power formerly held by the kings of Rome. Very likely, the king himself was the first praetor. The best explanation available is that of Cicero in \"\"De legibus\"\", in which he proposes ideal laws based on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7007800",
"chunk_text": "\"Roman emperor\"\nmeaning \"\"Pious and Blest\"\"; and Invictus meaning \"\"undefeated\"\". The use of \"\"princeps\"\" and \"\"dominus\"\" broadly symbolise the differences in the empire's government, giving rise to the era designations \"\"Principate\"\" and \"\"Dominate\"\". In 293, following the Crisis of the Third Century which had severely damaged Imperial administration, Emperor Diocletian enacted sweeping reforms that washed away many of the vestiges and façades of republicanism which had characterized the Augustan order in favor of a more frank autocracy. As a result, historians distinguish the Augustan period as the principate and the period from Diocletian to the 7th-century reforms of Emperor Heraclius as the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
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"chunk_id": "2573469",
"chunk_text": "Pompey\nPompey Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), usually known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic. He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and his father had been the first to establish the family among the Roman nobility. Pompey's immense success as a general while still very young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without meeting the normal requirements for office. His success as a military commander in Sulla's second civil war resulted in Sulla bestowing the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2735368",
"chunk_text": "Dominate\nDominate The Dominate or late Roman Empire is the name sometimes given to the \"\"despotic\"\" later phase of imperial government, following the earlier period known as the \"\"Principate\"\", in the ancient Roman Empire. This phase is more often called the Tetrarchy at least until 313 when the empire was reunited. It may begin with the commencement of the reign of Diocletian in AD 284, following the Third Century Crisis of AD 235–284, and to end in the west with the collapse of the Western Empire in AD 476, while in the east its end is disputed, as either occurring at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_685
|
what is the first book of percy jackson?
|
n/a
|
[
"The Lightning Thief"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893774",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nPercy Jackson & the Olympians Percy Jackson & the Olympians, often shortened to Percy Jackson, is a pentalogy of fantasy adventure novels written by American author Rick Riordan, and the first book series in the Camp Half-Blood Chronicles. Five supplementary books, along with three graphic novels, have also been released. More than 45 million copies of the books have been sold in more than 35 countries. As of October 28, 2011, the series has been on \"\"The New York Times\"\" Best Seller list for children's book series for 245 weeks. The first book was adapted into a film titled \"\"\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893777",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nthe way Percy's sword works. In 2004, the book was sold to Miramax Books for enough money for Riordan to quit his job and focus on writing. After it was released on 28 June 2005, it sold over 1.2 million copies. The book was released in multiple versions, including hardcover, paperback and audio editions. It has been translated into multiple languages and published all over the world. \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" is the first book in the series and was released on July 1, 2005. After a harrowing experience at his school trip, Percy Jackson returns home for the summer vacation,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10543761",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lightning Thief\"\nThe French, German, and Spanish editions were published in 2006. The other translations of the book were published in 2008. The Icelandic publisher \"\"Odinseye\"\" released another edition in 2012. The novel is also on sale in Taiwan, published by Yuan Liou Publishing. The Lightning Thief The Lightning Thief is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology, the first young adult novel written by Rick Riordan in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The manuscript was sold in an auction to Miramax Books, an imprint of Hyperion Books for Children and thus Disney Publishing (succeeded by the Disney Hyperion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7534429",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Riordan\"\nRick Riordan Richard Russell Riordan Jr. (; born June 5, 1964) is an American author. He is known for writing the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series, about a twelve-year-old boy who discovers he is a son of Poseidon. His books have been translated into 42 languages and sold more than 30 million copies in the US. 20th Century Fox has adapted the first two books of his Percy Jackson series as part of a series of films. His books have spawned related media, such as graphic novels and short story collections. Riordan's first full-length novel was \"\"Big Red Tequila\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10543740",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lightning Thief\"\nThe Lightning Thief The Lightning Thief is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology, the first young adult novel written by Rick Riordan in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The manuscript was sold in an auction to Miramax Books, an imprint of Hyperion Books for Children and thus Disney Publishing (succeeded by the Disney Hyperion imprint). The novel charts the adventures of modern-day twelve-year-old Percy Jackson as he discovers he is a demigod, the son of a mortal woman and the Greek god Poseidon. Percy and his friends Annabeth Chase and Grover Underwood go on a quest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4656794",
"chunk_text": "\"The Sea of Monsters\"\nThe Sea of Monsters The Sea of Monsters is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology written by Rick Riordan and published in 2006. It is the second novel in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series and the sequel to \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\". This book chronicles the adventures of thirteen-year-old demigod, Percy Jackson as he and his friends rescue his satyr friend Grover from the Cyclops Polyphemus and save the camp from a Titan's attack by bringing the Golden Fleece to cure Thalia's poisoned pine tree. \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\" was released on April 1, 2006, by Miramax",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4594397",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lost Hero\"\nThe Lost Hero The Lost Hero is an American fantasy-adventure novel written by Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was published on October 12, 2010, and is the first book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, a spin-off of the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. It is preceded by \"\"The Last Olympian\"\" of \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" and followed by \"\"The Son of Neptune\"\". The novel has since been translated into many languages and released as a hardcover, e-book, audiobook and paperback. The story follows Jason Grace, a Roman demigod with no memory of his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9204109",
"chunk_text": "\"Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard\"\nson of the Vanir god of fertility Frey, narrates the novel in first person. He is a cousin of Annabeth Chase, a main character of the \"\"Percy Jackson and the Olympians\"\" and \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, who links the two series together. \"\"The Sword of Summer\"\" is the first book in the series, released on October 6, 2015 as a hardcover, ebook, and audiobook. The novel is narrated by Magnus Chase, a homeless Bostonian orphan, who learns he is the son of a Norse god. On the same day, he is confronted by a fire giant named Surt, who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970978",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson\"\ncharacter traits, though they are by no means the same person. Riordan has also stated that Percy has \"\"[his] sense of humor\"\" and is also \"\"based on many of the students [he has] had in the past.\"\" In the story, Percy Jackson is portrayed as a demigod, the son of the mortal Sally Jackson and the Greek god Poseidon. He has ADHD and dyslexia, allegedly because he is hardwired to read Ancient Greek and has inborn \"\"battlefield reflexes\"\". Percy's birthday is August 18. In the first novel of the series, \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\", he is twelve years old. His personality",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7534430",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Riordan\"\nwhich became the first book in the Tres Navarre series. His big breakthrough was \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" (2005), the first novel in the five-volume Percy Jackson series, which placed a group of adolescents in a Greco-Roman mythological setting. Since then, Riordan has written \"\"The Kane Chronicles\"\" trilogy and \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series. \"\"The Kane Chronicles\"\" (2010-2012) focused on Egyptian mythology; \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" was the sequel to the Percy Jackson series. Riordan also helped Scholastic Press develop \"\"The 39 Clues\"\" series and its spinoffs, and penned its first book, \"\"The Maze of Bones\"\" (2008). His most recent publications",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4594428",
"chunk_text": "\"The Lost Hero\"\n2011. The Lost Hero The Lost Hero is an American fantasy-adventure novel written by Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was published on October 12, 2010, and is the first book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, a spin-off of the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. It is preceded by \"\"The Last Olympian\"\" of \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" and followed by \"\"The Son of Neptune\"\". The novel has since been translated into many languages and released as a hardcover, e-book, audiobook and paperback. The story follows Jason Grace, a Roman demigod with no memory of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3900446",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson (film series)\"\nthe lightning thief and is innocent. In October 2011, 20th Century Fox announced a based on the second book, \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\". The film was released on August 7, 2013. Percy Jackson, son of Greek god Poseidon, discovers he has a half-brother, Tyson, and embarks on a journey with his friends to retrieve the Golden Fleece to save a magical tree containing the spirit of Zeus's daughter Thalia who died at the gates of Camp Half-Blood while saving Annabeth, Luke and Grover. This tree protects their training ground, Camp Half-Blood. They must travel to the Sea of Monsters to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8545884",
"chunk_text": "\"Camp Half-Blood chronicles\"\nhas been on \"\"the New York Times\"\" best seller list for children's book series for 369 weeks. \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" is the first book in the \"\"Percy Jackson and the Olympians\"\" series. It features Percy Jackson, Annabeth Chase, and Grover Underwood during their travels to the Underworld to try to recover Zeus' stolen master bolt. It was released on July 1, 2005. \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\" is the second book in the \"\"Percy Jackson and the Olympians\"\" series. In this book, Percy, Annabeth, and Tyson, Percy's cyclops brother, need to go to the Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Sea",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8545883",
"chunk_text": "\"Camp Half-Blood chronicles\"\nand \"\"Kane\"\" books. \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" is a pentalogy of adventure and fiction books written by Rick Riordan. Set in the United States, the books are predominantly based on Greek mythology and deal with a demigod, Percy Jackson, and his quest to stop the rise of the Titan lord Kronos. All five books are seen from Percy's witty and sardonic point of view. The series tackles themes like coming of age, love and teenage angst. More than 20 million copies of the books have been sold in more than 10 countries. As of August 14, 2015, the series",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893780",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nstole the bolt to allow Kronos, the defeated king of the Titans, a chance to rise again. The book was adapted into a film by Chris Columbus and 20th Century Fox, under the title \"\"\"\", and was released on February 12, 2010. \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\" is the second installment in the series, released on April 1, 2006. Camp Half-Blood is under attack when Thalia's tree, which guards the borders of the camp, is poisoned and slowly begins to die. In order to save the tree and the camp, someone must recover the Golden Fleece, which is somewhere in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18107499",
"chunk_text": "\"The Titan's Curse\"\nThe Titan's Curse The Titan's Curse is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology written by Rick Riordan. It was released on May 1, 2007, and is the third novel in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series and the sequel to \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\". It is about the adventures of the fourteen-year-old demigod Percy Jackson as he and his friends go on a dangerous quest to rescue his friend Annabeth Chase and the Greek goddess Artemis, who have both been kidnapped. \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\" was published by Miramax Books, an imprint of Hyperion Books for Children and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893792",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nHe rejects the offer but instead requests the gods to claim all their children and to have cabins for all the gods, including the minor ones. Rachel Elizabeth Dare becomes the Oracle and recites the next Great Prophecy. The book finishes with Percy and Annabeth becoming a couple, and ominous clouds looming over Rachel's next Great Prophecy. There is another series after this one. \"\"The Demigod Files\"\", also written by Rick Riordan, is the first companion book to the series. It was released February 10, 2009, featuring three short stories, interviews with the campers, puzzles and pictures. It is set",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5436957",
"chunk_text": "\"The Sea of Monsters\"\nbeen published as a graphic novel. The novel was followed by \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\", released on May 1, 2007. In \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\", Percy, Grover, Annabeth and Thalia go to a school to recruit two powerful demigods. Like its predecessors, this book was well received and reviewers praised its humorous style and the plot of the story. The Sea of Monsters The Sea of Monsters is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology written by Rick Riordan and published in 2006. It is the second novel in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series and the sequel to \"\"The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15717873",
"chunk_text": "\"Camp Half-Blood chronicles\"\nin the horizon. The book was released on October 7, 2014. \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\" is a five-part series of books written by Rick Riordan. It chronicles the life of Apollo after his being made mortal by Zeus as a punishment for his actions during the Second Gigantomachy. The first book \"\"The Hidden Oracle,\"\" was published on May 3, 2016. It also features most of the characters from \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" and \"\"Percy Jackson and the Olympians\"\" series. \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" is the first book in \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\" series. It features Apollo as a 16 year old",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893804",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nof Unfortunate Events\"\" story editor Joe Tracz wrote a new Off Broadway musical adaptation of Percy Jackson tale “The Lightning Thief. \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" is a sequel series, also based on Camp Half-Blood and the Greek and Roman mythologies. The first book \"\"The Lost Hero\"\" was released on October 12, 2010. Like the first series, there are five books. The official website requires a password, later revealed as \"\"newhero\"\". On December 1, 2010, the site went live. The second book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\", \"\"The Son of Neptune\"\", was released in October 2011. The third book, \"\"The Mark",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893775",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nin 2010, which was commercially successful, but received mixed reviews. An adaptation of the second book, titled \"\"\"\", was released in 2013. Development for both \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" and the \"\"Percy Jackson\"\" series commenced when Rick Riordan began making stories for his son Haley Riordan, who had at the time been diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia. His son, Haley, had been studying Greek mythology in second grade and requested that his father tell him bedtime stories based on Greek myths. When Riordan ran out of myths, his son suggested that he make up new stories using existing mythological characters and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4555053",
"chunk_text": "\"The House of Hades\"\nThe House of Hades The House of Hades is a fantasy-adventure novel written by American author Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was published on October 8, 2013, and is the fourth book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, preceded by \"\"The Mark of Athena\"\" and followed by \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\". The story follows the Greek demigods Annabeth Chase, Leo Valdez, Piper McLean, and Percy Jackson; and the Roman demigods Jason Grace, Hazel Levesque, and Frank Zhang on their quest to close the Doors of Death, stop the Giants from raising Gaea, and prevent war between",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7534433",
"chunk_text": "\"Rick Riordan\"\nthe idea for the \"\"Percy Jackson\"\" series as bedtime stories about ancient Greek heroes for his son Haley. Haley had been diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia, inspiring Riordan to make the titular protagonist ADHD and dyslexic. Riordan published the first novel in the series, \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\", in 2005. Four sequels followed, with the last, \"\"The Last Olympian\"\" in 2009. Prior to \"\"Percy Jackson\"\", Riordan had written the \"\"Tres Navarres\"\" series, a series of mystery novels for adult readers. His Percy Jackson and the Olympians series features the titular twelve-year-old who discovers he is the modern-day son of the ancient",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893807",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nof Fire\"\" (2011), and \"\"The Serpent's Shadow\"\" (2012), as well as three crossover books with the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The main protagonist Magnus Chase, son of the Vanir god of fertility Frey, narrates the novel in first person. He is a cousin of Annabeth Chase, a main character of the \"\"Percy Jackson and the Olympians\"\" and \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, who links the two series together. The series consists of a trilogy of books, \"\"The Sword of Summer\"\" (2015), \"\"The Hammer of Thor\"\" (2016), and \"\"The Ship of the Dead\"\" (2017). Percy Jackson & the Olympians",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11487394",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\npictures that change into four different characters. Its 156 pages include trading cards, full-color diagrams, and maps. It also includes a dictionary of almost every monster Percy faces in the series, with pictures beside some, as well as various activities. The book tells of Percy Jackson's starting life as a half-blood, a tour of the Underworld by Nico di Angelo, the story of Sally Jackson's parents, and items used throughout the series. There is also a paperback version. A graphic novel based on \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" was published on October 12, 2010. It follows a shortened version of Percy's adventures",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13159773",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson (film series)\"\nand grossed almost $227 million at the worldwide box office against a budget of $95 million. The plot revolves around a sixteen-year-old Percy Jackson who discovers that he is the son of Poseidon, Greek God of the sea, and goes to Camp Half-Blood, a training camp for demigods, the half mortal children of Greek gods. When Percy's mom is kidnapped by Hades, and Percy is accused of stealing Zeus' lightning bolt, Percy and his friends go on a quest to rescue his mom from the underworld, leading them across America to find Persephone's pearls, while proving that Percy is not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10582370",
"chunk_text": "\"The Battle of the Labyrinth\"\nThe Battle of the Labyrinth The Battle of the Labyrinth is an American fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology written by Rick Riordan. It is the fourth novel in the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The novel was first published in the United States on May 6, 2008 by Hyperion Books for Children, an imprint of Disney Publishing Worldwide. It has been published in hardcover, audiobook, ebook, and large-print editions. To date, \"\"The Battle of the Labyrinth\"\" has been translated into 29 languages from its original English. The book follows the adventures of modern-day fifteen-year-old demigod Percy Jackson, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13646415",
"chunk_text": "\"The Trials of Apollo\"\nOlympus\"\", \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\", takes place about six months before the beginning of \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\". \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" is the first book of the series. It is told in first-person by the main character Apollo, and uses haiku for chapter titles. The book was released on May 3, 2016. The book opens with Apollo landing in an alley in New York City—in the form of a mortal teenager named Lester Papadopoulos because he had been one of the people who had encouraged the war between the Greeks and the Romans. He meets Meg McCaffrey, a homeless daughter",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893795",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nin \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\" with full-color drawings. A graphic novel based on the second book in the series, \"\"The Sea of Monsters\"\" was released on July 2, 2013. Another graphic novel based on the third book, \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\" was released on October 8, 2013. \"\"Demigods and Monsters\"\" is an unofficial companion book and was released on February 11, 2009. With an introduction by Riordan, it features essays written by various young adult authors that explore, discuss and provide further insight into the Percy Jackson series. At 196 pages, it also contains information on the places and characters of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8357400",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson's Greek Gods\"\nentitled \"\"Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief\"\" rather than \"\"The Lightning Thief\"\", and so on.) On April 21, 2013, Rick Riordan announced on his Twitter account that he was writing a new book based on the stories of Greek mythology from Percy Jackson's point of view. He later confirmed this in his blog. While on tour for \"\"The House of Hades\"\" Rick Riordan also revealed that the book is 450 pages long, with illustrations throughout. It was released on August 19, 2014. John Rocco, the illustrator of the book, announced that there will be 60 full-color paintings drawn by him",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3900440",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson (film series)\"\nPercy Jackson (film series) Percy Jackson & the Olympians (also known as Percy Jackson) is an feature film series based on the novel series of the same name by the author Rick Riordan. The series is distributed by 20th Century Fox, produced by 1492 Pictures and currently consists of two installments. The first film, \"\"\"\" (2010), was directed by Chris Columbus, and was released on February 12, 2010. The second installment, \"\"\"\" (2013), was originally intended to be released in March 2013 but was instead pushed back to August 7, 2013, and was directed by Thor Freudenthal. The series has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893806",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nThe second book titled \"\"The Dark Prophecy\"\" was released in May 2017. The third book titled \"\"The Burning Maze\"\" was released on May 1, 2018. The novels are set within the same fictional universe as the three previous book series, and is narrated alternately in first-person by the two protagonist-siblings Carter and Sadie Kane. The siblings are descended from the two pharaohs Narmer and Ramses the Great and are powerful magicians. They and their friends are forced to contend with who still interact with the real world. The series includes a trilogy consisting of \"\"The Red Pyramid\"\" (2010), \"\"The Throne",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2754406",
"chunk_text": "\"The Hidden Oracle\"\nThe Hidden Oracle The Hidden Oracle is a fantasy novel based on Greek and Roman mythology written by Rick Riordan. It was published on May 3, 2016, and is the first book in \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\" series, the second spin-off of the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The book and its cover art by John Rocco were first announced in 2015. It has been published in hardcover, audiobook, ebook, and large-print editions. To date, \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" has been translated into 19 languages from its original English. The book follows the god Apollo, who is turned into a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20529645",
"chunk_text": "\"The House of Hades\"\n7, 2014, with a first printing of three million copies, and sold 162,000 copies in the first week. The House of Hades The House of Hades is a fantasy-adventure novel written by American author Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was published on October 8, 2013, and is the fourth book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, preceded by \"\"The Mark of Athena\"\" and followed by \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\". The story follows the Greek demigods Annabeth Chase, Leo Valdez, Piper McLean, and Percy Jackson; and the Roman demigods Jason Grace, Hazel Levesque, and Frank Zhang on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19764877",
"chunk_text": "\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\nGreece to Rome to America. After a while, \"\"playing with that idea gave me the idea for the new series\"\". \"\"The Lost Hero\"\", the first book in the \"\"Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, was released on October 12, 2010 as a hardcover, audiobook, and ebook. The initial publishing run consisted of 2.5 million copies. The book's official publication was preceded by several \"\"sneak-peek\"\" releases by Disney-Hyperion. A graphic novel version, adapted and illustrated by Orpheus Collar, was released October 7, 2014. A sequel pentalogy series titled \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\" is currently in-development, with the first installment, \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19764866",
"chunk_text": "\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\nThe Heroes of Olympus The Heroes of Olympus is a pentalogy of fantasy-adventure novels written by American author Rick Riordan. The novels detail a conflict between Greek and Roman demigods and Gaea, the earth goddess. The series is a sequel to \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\", which dealt with Greek gods. Riordan introduces Roman mythology into his sequel series as well as several new characters. The first book of the series, \"\"The Lost Hero\"\", was published on October 12, 2010. The final entry in the series, \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\", was published on October 7, 2014. \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970979",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson\"\nis described as \"\"changeable like the sea\"\" and hard to predict — with the important exception that he is dangerously loyal to his friends and family. The goddess Athena describes this as his fatal flaw. Percy's \"\"powers\"\", which start small and develop as the books proceed, include controlling water, making hurricanes, breathing underwater, and talking to horse-like animals and fish. He also becomes an accomplished sword-fighter and leader. Throughout \"\"Percy Jackson & The Olympians\"\", Percy grows more confident and brave. He serves as the first head counselor of the Poseidon cabin at his demigod summer camp – Camp Half-Blood. After",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18720641",
"chunk_text": "\"The Burning Maze\"\nThe Burning Maze The Burning Maze is an American fantasy novel based on Greek and Roman mythology written by Rick Riordan. It was published on May 1, 2018, and is the third book in \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\" series, the second spin-off of the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. The story follows the Greek god Apollo, turned into a human teenager named Lester Papadopoulos, in his quest to free five oracles of Ancient Greece from Triumvirate Holdings, a group of three evil Roman Emperors, in order to regain his immortality. Joined by the demigod Meg McCaffrey and the satyr",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8545888",
"chunk_text": "\"Camp Half-Blood chronicles\"\na Roman demigod, Piper McLean, and Leo Valdez travelling to California in order to rescue Hera from being consumed by the giants and to defeat the king of giants, Porphyrion. It was released on October 12, 2010. \"\"The Son of Neptune\"\" is the second book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series. The book features Percy Jackson, Hazel Levesque, and Frank Zhang traveling to Alaska to free Thanatos, the god of death, from the giant Alcyoneus. It was released on October 4, 2011. \"\"The Mark of Athena\"\" is the third book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series. The book features Percy",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13159775",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson (film series)\"\nsave it, and find the challenges that may await them. The film grossed just over $202 million at the worldwide box office. Rick Riordan, the author of the book series, has mentioned in numerous interviews that he has never seen the movies, to keep them from influencing the way he views the characters. During March 2016, Riordan wrote a letter asking teachers not to show the movie to students during class time. Percy Jackson (film series) Percy Jackson & the Olympians (also known as Percy Jackson) is an feature film series based on the novel series of the same name",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2031109",
"chunk_text": "\"The Blood of Olympus\"\nThe Blood of Olympus The Blood of Olympus is an American fantasy-adventure novel written by Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was released on October 7, 2014, is the fifth and final novel in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series. It is preceded by \"\"The House of Hades\"\" and followed by \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" of \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\". The seven demigods of the Prophecy of Seven—Percy Jackson, Annabeth Chase, Jason Grace, Leo Valdez, Piper McLean, Hazel Levesque, and Frank Zhang—go on their final adventure to defeat Gaia/Terra while Nico di Angelo, Reyna Avila Ramírez-Arellano, and Coach Gleeson",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8545887",
"chunk_text": "\"Camp Half-Blood chronicles\"\nwith \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\" in October 2014. It chronicles the events of seven demigods and their obstacles involving the waking of the earth goddess, Gaea, and their efforts to stop her. It picks up a few months after the end of Percy Jackson & the Olympians series. Themes include love and teenage angst, as well as dealing with homosexuality. Riordan based some of his series on \"\"The Golden Fleece and The Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles\"\" by Padraic Colum. \"\"The Lost Hero\"\" is the first book in \"\"The\"\" \"\"Heroes of Olympus\"\" series. It features three new heroes, Jason Grace",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18827151",
"chunk_text": "\"The Titan's Curse\"\nthus Disney Publishing (succeeded by the Disney Hyperion imprint). It was released in the United States and the United Kingdom on May 1, 2007. The novel was also released in audiobook format, read by Jesse Bernstein. Mostly well-received, \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\" was nominated for numerous awards, winning ones such as the No. 1 \"\"The New York Times\"\" children's series best seller and Book Sense Top Ten Summer Pick for 2007. Percy Jackson, Annabeth Chase, and Thalia Grace get a ride from Mrs. Jackson to Westover Hall, a boarding school in Bar Harbor, Maine, to escort two sibling half-bloods named Nico",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970976",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson\"\nin \"\"Percy Jackson's Greek Gods\"\" and \"\"Percy Jackson's Greek Heroes\"\", also by Rick Riordan. Percy Jackson is played by Logan Lerman in the film adaptations of the novels and by Chris McCarrell on the . Development of the character Percy Jackson began when Rick Riordan started inventing stories for his son Haley Riordan, who was diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia in the spring of 2002. When Haley was in second grade and he was studying Greek mythology, he asked his father to tell him bedtime stories based on those myths. When his father ran out of ideas, Haley suggested that",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970988",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson\"\nbully, whom he allegedly dislikes but often helps. Percy's oldest romantic relationship is with Annabeth Chase. Their relationship gradually changes throughout the first series, with the goddess Aphrodite first insinuating that it was romantic in \"\"The Titan's Curse\"\", when Percy undertakes a quest to free Annabeth from the Titan Atlas. However, Percy's first move towards a serious relationship does not occur until the final pages of \"\"The Last Olympian\"\". Percy's other important romantic relationship occurs in the interim of his first. As the final battle with the Titans approaches after \"\"The Battle of the Labyrinth\"\", Percy spends time with his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19970975",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson\"\nPercy Jackson Perseus \"\"Percy\"\" Jackson is a fictional character, the title character and narrator of Rick Riordan's \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. He is also one of seven main protagonists of the sequel series \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\", appearing in every book except \"\"The Lost Hero,\"\" and appears in the ongoing \"\"Trials of Apollo\"\" series, making him one of the few characters to appear in all three series of the Camp Half-Blood chronicles. He has also been a narrator and protagonist in Riordan's Greco-Roman/Egyptian crossover stories, part of the \"\"Demigods and Magicians\"\" collection. The character serves as the narrator",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20378638",
"chunk_text": "\"The Mark of Athena\"\nThe Mark of Athena The Mark of Athena is an American fantasy-adventure novel written by Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It was published on October 2, 2012, and is the third book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, a spin-off of the \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" series. It is preceded by \"\"The Son of Neptune\"\" and followed by \"\"The House of Hades\"\". The novel has since been translated into many languages and released as a hardcover, e-book, audiobook and paperback. The story follows the Greek demigods Annabeth Chase, Leo Valdez, Piper McLean, and Percy Jackson; and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15525818",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson's Greek Gods\"\nin the book, and gave a sneak peek of one, depicting Hades kidnapping Persephone. During the \"\"Blood of Olympus\"\" tour, Rick Riordan announced a sequel, titled \"\"Percy Jackson's Greek Heroes\"\", to be released on August 18, 2015. Percy Jackson adds his own viewpoint to the Greek myths. Here he presents an introduction to Greek mythology and the 12 major gods and goddesses. With 19 chapters, this includes a variety of stories, from the early tales of Gaea and the Titans, to individual tales about the gods readers encountered in the Camp Half-Blood chronicles. Percy's irreverent voice is evident from titles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20409156",
"chunk_text": "\"The Son of Neptune\"\nreleased on October 2, 2012 and \"\"The House of Hades\"\" was released on October 8, 2013 The Blood of Olympus was released on October 7, 2014. The Son of Neptune The Son of Neptune is a 2011 fantasy-adventure novel written by American author Rick Riordan, based on Greek and Roman mythology. It is the second book in \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, preceded by \"\"The Lost Hero\"\" and followed by \"\"The Mark of Athena\"\". The story follows the adventures of amnesiac Percy Jackson, a demigod son of Poseidon, as he meets a camp of Roman demigods and goes to Alaska",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15893805",
"chunk_text": "\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\nof Athena\"\", was released on October 2, 2012. The fourth book, \"\"The House of Hades\"\", was released on October 8, 2013. The fifth and final book of \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" series, \"\"The Blood of Olympus\"\", was released on October 7, 2014. Riordan is currently at work on yet another follow-up series to \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\" book series titled \"\"The Trials of Apollo\"\", which is a sequel series to both \"\"Percy Jackson & the Olympians\"\" and \"\"The Heroes of Olympus\"\". The first installment titled, \"\"The Hidden Oracle\"\" (2016), features Apollo and his journey after being cast down from Olympus.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_686
|
who sings the song only in my dreams?
|
n/a
|
[
"Debbie Gibson"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8668776",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\nOnly in My Dreams \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" is the debut single for American singer-songwriter-actress Debbie Gibson. Released December 16, 1986, as a maxi single (Atlantic DM 86744), and then in remixed form (Vocal/3:50, as described herein) February 1987, the song was written by Gibson in 1984, two years before she recorded it. Produced by Fred Zarr and engineered by Don Feinberg for BiZarr Music, Inc., mixed by \"\"Little\"\" Louie Vega and mastered by Herb \"\"Pump\"\" Powers, the dance-pop song reached No. 4 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart in the summer of 1987. Douglas Breitbart for Broadbeard",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14976008",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\nDM 2532 'Only in My Dreams 1998' (released February 1998). The basic rhythm is modified from the Dream House Version of the original song on Atlantic DM 86556, track 3. 'Only in My Dreams 1998' Only in My Dreams \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" is the debut single for American singer-songwriter-actress Debbie Gibson. Released December 16, 1986, as a maxi single (Atlantic DM 86744), and then in remixed form (Vocal/3:50, as described herein) February 1987, the song was written by Gibson in 1984, two years before she recorded it. Produced by Fred Zarr and engineered by Don Feinberg for BiZarr Music,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6937186",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (song)\"\nOnly in Dreams (song) \"\"Only in Dreams\"\" is a song by the band Weezer. It is the 10th and final track on their 1994 self-titled debut album. At slightly over eight minutes, it is to date Weezer's longest song. It is most noteworthy for its three-minute crescendo of the two guitars, bass, and drums, in which the dynamics gradually increase and the timbre builds up layers until the climaxing guitar solo at the end. The song's lyrics tell the story of a young man who wants to be romantically involved with the girl of his dreams. But because he cannot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14976007",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\ncrashing down around her. \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" Back-to-back with these two tracks on this maxi-single is Chic's \"\"Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)\"\" (8:30); this track was originally released in 1978 on Atlantic maxi single DK 4600. Gibson did several major modifications to this song after she left Atlantic Records. In 1997, apparently the entire song was re-recorded, first appearing as 'Only in My Dreams' (1997 Dance Edit/4:38), track 14 on Espiritu LP 9602 \"\"Deborah,\"\" Revision 1.1 for June 1997, and later in seven variations, including one with a retrofitted eight-measure rap, on Jellybean Recordings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8668778",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\nthe original multi-track for DM 86744, became Track 3 on Gibson's debut album \"\"Out of the Blue\"\" (Atlantic LP 81780), and a further variation, \"\"Only in My Dreams (Dream House Mix/10:03)\"\", was Track 3 on Atlantic DM 86556 \"\"Foolish Beat\"\". Since the song's release, Gibson has re-recorded the song twice: in 1997 for her album \"\"Deborah\"\" and in 2010 for the Deluxe Edition release of the Japan-exclusive \"\"Ms. Vocalist\"\". The song was voted #95 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the 80s. The music video for this song was recorded as a dream sequence at a beach in Asbury Park,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6937188",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (song)\"\nEpic, epic, epic. So few people play these kinds of solos anymore.\"\" IGN included \"\"Only in Dreams\"\" on their \"\"Weezer Ultimate Mix\"\" list, where they listed what songs they want to be compiled into a Weezer collection and called the song \"\"the \"\"Stairway to Heaven\"\" for Generation X.\"\" They also listed the song on their \"\"Top 10 Ambiguously Inspiring Songs\"\" list, where they called it one of Weezer's best songs. Magnet considered \"\"Only in Dreams\"\" to be the third most overrated Weezer song. The song was rated #8 in Q Magazine's \"\"20 Greatest Guitar Tracks\"\" in September 2007. Melissa Bobbitt",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8235601",
"chunk_text": "\"Only a Dream\"\nDream.\"\" Featuring both Ray Davies and Dave Davies, Ray Davies lip-synced the song. American pop group E.Y.C. covered \"\"Only a Dream.\"\" Only a Dream \"\"Only a Dream\"\" is a song released and performed by the British rock band The Kinks, written by the main songwriter of the band, Ray Davies. The song appeared on their 1993 album \"\"Phobia\"\", the band's final LP. Ray Davies said of the song in a 1993 interview, \"\"I think I kind of found my voice again on 'Only a Dream,' which I wrote on a plane to England after I decided that the album needed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3618589",
"chunk_text": "\"Only When I Sleep\"\nOasis, Tears for Fears and Alice Cooper. In 2004, the song was covered by Lee Eun-ju and used in her final film, \"\"The Scarlet Letter\"\". Only When I Sleep \"\"Only When I Sleep\"\" is a single by Celtic folk rock band The Corrs from their album \"\"Talk on Corners\"\", released in October 1997. The song focuses on being in love with someone in your dreams, not anyone in reality. The track was also included on The Corrs' album \"\"\"\" in 2006. The single managed to peak at number ten in the Irish Singles Chart and #58 in the UK Singles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6937190",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (song)\"\nbeen played at the end of a regular set (before the encore). However this is not true for the Summer of 2002 Enlightenment tour, when the set lists were determined by the roll of a 20-sided die. Ash has covered the song as a B-side of their 2001 single \"\"Burn Baby Burn\"\". Mock Orange has covered the song on the album \"\"\"\". You Blew It! has covered the song for their Weezer cover album \"\"You Blue It\"\". Japanese artist Saku covered the song in her 2015 release \"\"Girls & Boys E.P.\"\" Only in Dreams (song) \"\"Only in Dreams\"\" is a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17730506",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (album)\"\nOnly in Dreams (album) Only in Dreams is the second album by Dum Dum Girls, released on September 27, 2011 by Sub Pop. Two singles were released from the album. \"\"Coming Down\"\" was issued for streaming on July 19, 2011, and then a 7\"\" was given away with pre-orders and first pressings of the album, on September 27. \"\"Bedroom Eyes\"\" was issued for streaming on August 30, 2011, followed by a promo single distributed on September 26. The album received generally positive reviews upon its release. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8668777",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\nProductions, Inc. served as executive producer (\"\"see also Debbie Gibson\"\"). While it did not initially make the UK top 50, 'Dreams' re-entered the UK singles chart in 1988 on the back of the success of her second single (viz., \"\"Shake Your Love,\"\" Atlantic UK A9187), eventually peaking at No. 11. The Extended Club Mix/Vocal track (6:34) from DM 86744 was excerpted for a dance medley, \"\"Medley: Out of the Blue/Shake Your Love/Only in My Dreams\"\" (Debbie Gibson Mega Mix), that became Track 4 on Atlantic DM 86556 \"\"Foolish Beat.\"\" A different mix, \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" (LP Version/3:54), mastered from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16645390",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Mind\"\nOnly in My Mind \"\"Only in My Mind\"\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Reba McEntire. It was released in September 1985 as the second single from the album \"\"Have I Got a Deal for You.\"\" The song peaked at number 5 on the \"\"Billboard Magazine\"\" country music chart after its release. It is still the only single ever released that was solely written by McEntire. \"\"Only in My Mind\"\" was recorded at the MCA studio located in Nashville, Tennessee. The song was the only track on McEntire's, \"\"Have I Got a Deal for You\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19125047",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (album)\"\nvariations of the same theme.\"\" Engineered by Alonzo Vargas, with assistance from Justin Smith. Mixed by Alonzo Vargas. Mastered by Joe LaPorta. The first 1,900 copies of the LP version of the album were released on light pink vinyl as a \"\"Loser Edition\"\". Only in Dreams (album) Only in Dreams is the second album by Dum Dum Girls, released on September 27, 2011 by Sub Pop. Two singles were released from the album. \"\"Coming Down\"\" was issued for streaming on July 19, 2011, and then a 7\"\" was given away with pre-orders and first pressings of the album, on September",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1903904",
"chunk_text": "\"Only When I Sleep\"\nOnly When I Sleep \"\"Only When I Sleep\"\" is a single by Celtic folk rock band The Corrs from their album \"\"Talk on Corners\"\", released in October 1997. The song focuses on being in love with someone in your dreams, not anyone in reality. The track was also included on The Corrs' album \"\"\"\" in 2006. The single managed to peak at number ten in the Irish Singles Chart and #58 in the UK Singles Chart. The video for \"\"Only When I Sleep\"\" is of a more glamorous style than the previous videos. It was shot in the Alexandria Hotel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2182642",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams (Roy Orbison song)\"\nsong trips; the music stops and a staccato tattoo replaces it, as he cries when remembering she has left him. The climax is a powerful crescendo as he cries \"\"It's too bad that all these things / Can only happen in my dreams\"\", and the resolution follows his voice from falsetto to the final note an octave below as he sings \"\"Only in dreams / In beautiful dreams\"\", as all the instruments and singers conclude with him abruptly. The song never repeats a section. In two minutes and forty-eight seconds, it goes through seven movements with distinct melodies and chord",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20572442",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Mind\"\n\"\"Only in My Mind\"\" was officially released as a single to radio in September 1985, her last single released during the year. The song peaked one position higher than her last single, reaching number 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart in late 1985, while also reaching number 6 on the Canadian \"\"RPM\"\" Country Tracks chart. The song helped McEntire to become a member of country music's Grand Ole Opry program, where she has been a member since. Only in My Mind \"\"Only in My Mind\"\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Reba McEntire.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6101810",
"chunk_text": "\"Only a Dream\"\nOnly a Dream \"\"Only a Dream\"\" is a song released and performed by the British rock band The Kinks, written by the main songwriter of the band, Ray Davies. The song appeared on their 1993 album \"\"Phobia\"\", the band's final LP. Ray Davies said of the song in a 1993 interview, \"\"I think I kind of found my voice again on 'Only a Dream,' which I wrote on a plane to England after I decided that the album needed to have a little more humanity. It's odd that an artist who's supposed to have been around still gets intimidated by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6937187",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (song)\"\ndo so in reality due to how nervous he is, he can only fantasize about being with her in his dreams; hence the title of the song. In a 2010 interview with \"\"Rolling Stone\"\", Weezer frontman Rivers Cuomo said, \"\"I think most of our audience always thought it was a song about a girl when I’m really singing about my artistic process.\"\" When asked in 2006 which Weezer guitar solo he is the most proud of/likes the most, Rivers Cuomo answered, \"\"I'd have to go with 'Only in Dreams' and [\"\"Make Believe\"\" track] 'Haunt You Every Day' for sheer length.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2182635",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams (Roy Orbison song)\"\nIn Dreams (Roy Orbison song) \"\"In Dreams\"\" is a song composed and sung by rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. An operatic ballad of lost love, it was released as a single on Monument Records in February 1963. It became the title track on the album \"\"In Dreams\"\", released in July of the same year. The song has a unique structure in seven musical movements in which Orbison sings through two octaves, beyond the range of most rock and roll singers. The song peaked on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 charts at number 7, and charted in the United Kingdom for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14976091",
"chunk_text": "\"Foolish Beat\"\nflowers in a trash can, then walks off into the distance. \"\"Foolish Beat\"\" (Atlantic DM 86556) \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" \"\"Medley: Out of the Blue - Shake Your Love - Only in My Dreams\"\" Foolish Beat \"\"Foolish Beat\"\" is the fourth single, and the first ballad release, from American singer-songwriter-actress Debbie Gibson. Originally recorded in the winter of 1987 for the \"\"Dream Tour,\"\" months prior to its inclusion on Gibson's album \"\"Out of the Blue\"\", the single topped the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 on June 25, 1988, giving Gibson the record for the youngest person to write, produce, and perform",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6937189",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (song)\"\nat About.com ranked it as the number 1 best Weezer song, stating \"\"This is Weezer at their finest. From the syrupy opening bass line, to the sincere guitar work and the gawking lyrics, the immense closing song on their debut best represents the band\"\". In an article devoted to the song by Kevin McFarland at \"\"The A.V. Club\"\", he described it as \"\"Cuomo's epic masterpiece\"\", as well as a \"\"glorious anomaly in the Weezer canon\"\". \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" regarded the song as a \"\"real gem.\"\" PopMatters calls the song a \"\"\"\"Bohemian Rhapsody\"\"-worthy conclusion.\"\" \"\"Only In Dreams\"\", in recent years, has typically",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11783036",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Only Dreaming (Eisley album)\"\nI'm Only Dreaming (Eisley album) I'm Only Dreaming is the fifth full-length album by the band Eisley. It was released on February 17, 2017, on Equal Vision Records. The album was produced by notable producer Will Yip, and marked the band's first release following the departure of several original members, leaving cousins Sherri DuPree-Bemis, and Garron DuPree as the core members of the group for the first time. In September 2016, the band released their first song in over three years, \"\"Defeatist\"\", which marked the first song to be heard from the album. Dupree-Bemis mentioned via an interview that \"\"Defeatist\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10546397",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\nI'm Only Sleeping \"\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1966 studio album \"\"Revolver\"\". In the United States and Canada, it was one of the three tracks that Capitol Records cut from the album and instead included on \"\"Yesterday and Today\"\", released two months before \"\"Revolver\"\". Credited as a Lennon–McCartney song, it was written primarily by John Lennon.<ref name=\"\"Fontenot/About\"\"></ref> The track includes a backwards (or backmasked) lead guitar part, played by George Harrison, marking the first time that such a technique had been used on a pop recording.<ref name=\"\"McCormick/Tele\"\"></ref> Since the standardisation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2182651",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams (Roy Orbison song)\"\nby the song; it was titled \"\"In Dreams: The Roy Orbison Story\"\" and released in 1999. The song \"\"Love's Secret Domain\"\" by Coil uses some lyrics from \"\"In Dreams\"\". In Dreams (Roy Orbison song) \"\"In Dreams\"\" is a song composed and sung by rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. An operatic ballad of lost love, it was released as a single on Monument Records in February 1963. It became the title track on the album \"\"In Dreams\"\", released in July of the same year. The song has a unique structure in seven musical movements in which Orbison sings through two",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15914469",
"chunk_text": "\"Debbie Gibson\"\nmother and manager, accompanied her daughter on many of these track dates. \"\"We played dance clubs, straight clubs and gay clubs\"\", Diane has said. The promotional pressing of \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" landed the song within the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Atlantic Records signed Gibson to a recording contract and thus began the process of completing the first record. Gibson, along with producer Fred Zarr, wrote, recorded and produced her first album \"\"Out of the Blue\"\" in only 4 weeks. Now having something to market, \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" was selected as Debbie's first single. This time, \"\"Dreams\"\" found traction on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10546405",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\nHeald of \"\"No Depression\"\" magazine, Bishop's musical arrangement borrows from later Lennon psychedelic songs such as \"\"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds\"\", \"\"Because\"\" and \"\"Sun King\"\", and builds in intensity from a soft acoustic backing as if to convey \"\"the ratcheting up the tension as the dreamer resists being awakened\"\". According to Ian MacDonald: I'm Only Sleeping \"\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1966 studio album \"\"Revolver\"\". In the United States and Canada, it was one of the three tracks that Capitol Records cut from the album and instead included on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14976006",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in My Dreams\"\nNew Jersey, the carousel in the Asbury Park casino (still in use back then), and outside the Asbury Park Convention Center where headliner concerts are still held today. Across the street from the beach, The Stone Pony, where Bruce Springsteen and Bon Jovi got their start, is still in operation. Gibson has several different changes of wardrobe throughout the video. The video shows the futility of a teenage girl attempting to get the man of her dreams to look at her, and when he does, she realizes that she was dreaming the whole event, thus causing her world to come",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13152772",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams (soundtrack)\"\nIn Dreams (soundtrack) The score to the psychological thriller \"\"In Dreams,\"\" by Elliot Goldenthal, is an avant-garde work filled with his trademark techniques and dissonance. Composed in 1999, and working again with frequent collaborator Neil Jordan, it also features songs by Roy Orbison and The Andrews Sisters. Stylistically similar to his score for \"\"Heat\"\" with the use of dark, at times deliberately off-key, electric guitars layered upon one another (a technique he has referred to as a \"\"guitar orchestra\"\") over string and brass arrangements typical of his style, using \"\"Deaf Elk\"\" for this purpose and employing the use of a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6895298",
"chunk_text": "\"In Your Wildest Dreams (song)\"\nIn Your Wildest Dreams (song) \"\"In Your Wildest Dreams\"\" is a duet released by Tina Turner and Barry White in 1996, from Turner's album \"\"Wildest Dreams\"\". The single's largest success was in Austria where it peaked at #2. The original European album version featured spoken vocals by actor Antonio Banderas, while for the single version and U.S. edition of the \"\"Wildest Dreams\"\" album, Turner re-recorded the track with White. \"\"In Your Wildest Dreams\"\", released in December 1996, was the seventh and final single release from the album and was issued in a wide range of formats and versions; the promo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7126935",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams: The Greatest Hits\"\nIn Dreams: The Greatest Hits In Dreams: The Greatest Hits is a two-record album set of Roy Orbison songs released in 1987 on Virgin Records. It was produced by Orbison and Mike Utley, except for the song \"\"In Dreams\"\", produced by Orbison with T-Bone Burnett and film director David Lynch. All songs are new recordings by Orbison from 1986, except \"\"In Dreams\"\" from April 1987. The original 1960s versions of these songs were hit records for Orbison when recorded on Monument Records from 1960 to 1964, with two exceptions. The first exception, \"\"Ooby Dooby\"\", was a hit for Orbison on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13399176",
"chunk_text": "\"I Only Want to Be with You\"\nI Only Want to Be with You \"\"I Only Want to Be with You\"\" is a rock and roll song written by Mike Hawker and Ivor Raymonde. The debut solo single released by British singer Dusty Springfield under her long-time producer Johnny Franz, \"\"I Only Want to Be with You\"\" peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles chart in January 1964. Three remakes of the song have been UK chart hits, the first two by the Bay City Rollers (1976) and the Tourists (1979) matching the number 4 peak of the Dusty Springfield original, while the 1989 remake by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "573597",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Fafara\"\nof Arizona Republic music columnist Jack Curtis, who set up their first recording session. The original recording included Richard Meyer on lead guitar, Jim Schultz on drums, Frank on rhythm guitar, and Al Casey on bass. Fafara had a string of successful Rock ‘n Roll releases in Arizona from 1959 to 1964. His first recording, “Only in My Dreams” went to #5 on the Phoenix Top Ten radio charts. A series of releases followed including “Miss You Dee”, “Lovemaker, Lovebreaker” and “Golden One”. F rank Fafara recorded at the same studio as Duane Eddy, Waylon Jennings, Sanford Clark, and Wayne",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1510087",
"chunk_text": "\"It's the Dreamer in Me\"\nOctober 22, 1938. The song has been recorded by Duke Ellington with Ivie Anderson on vocals, Benny Goodman with Martha Tilton on vocals, Sammy Kaye, Abe Lyman, Paul Whiteman, Count Basie, Bing Crosby (recorded May 23, 1938), Harry James with Helen Humes on vocals, John Sheridan and His Dream Band with Rebecca Kilgore on vocals, and Scot Albertson. The Harry James recording of \"\"It's the Dreamer in Me\"\" reached no. 9 in 1938 on Billboard, staying on the charts for 3 weeks. It's the Dreamer in Me \"\"It's the Dreamer in Me\"\" is a 1938 song composed by Jimmy Dorsey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2823928",
"chunk_text": "\"Comstock Records\"\nComstock Records Comstock Records is an independent American record label. Established and managed by Frank Fara and Patty Parker, Comstock achieved international success in the 1980s and 1990s by producing country music records for international artists. Several Comstock artists charted nationally and internationally, and many were nominated for Country Music awards. Co-founder Frank Fara grew up in Phoenix, Arizona. Under his birth name, Frank Fafara, he enjoyed a brief recording career as a Teen Idol in the early 1960's and had several regional hits. His first recording \"\"Only in My Dreams\"\" went to number #5 on the Phoenix Top Ten",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11783038",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Only Dreaming (Eisley album)\"\nstudio in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, Studio 4 to produce a record. The album saw the group return to some of their pop-sensibility, featuring a more guitar-driven approach at the hands of Garron DuPree, and signature whimsical vocal style of DuPree-Bemis. The band's original drummer, Weston, recorded all drums for the album, though had no intentions to tour the record following his official departure from the band in 2015 to focus on family. The album concluded its production in early July 2016. During an interview with Garron, it was said that the album was named after The Beatles song \"\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15026056",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in America (Brooks & Dunn song)\"\nOnly in America (Brooks & Dunn song) \"\"Only in America\"\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn. It was released in June 2001 as the second single from the album \"\"Steers & Stripes\"\". Kix Brooks, one-half of the duo, co-wrote the song with Don Cook and Ronnie Rogers, although it features Ronnie Dunn on lead vocals. \"\"Only in America\"\" was also the second of three consecutive Number One hits from that album, reaching its peak on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts for the week of October 27, 2001.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18738037",
"chunk_text": "\"Dreaming My Dreams with You\"\nDreaming My Dreams with You \"\"Dreaming My Dreams with You\"\" is a song written by Allen Reynolds and recorded by Waylon Jennings' 1975 album, \"\"Dreaming My Dreams\"\". Jennings' version was released as a single that year, In 1979, Australian recording artist Colleen Hewett released a version which went on to peak at number 2 in Australia and was certified gold. The song has been covered by many artists including Emmylou Harris and Rodney Crowell, Cowboy Jack Clement, Alison Krauss, Jamey Johnson, Crystal Gayle, Patty Loveless, Martina McBride, Mark Chesnutt, John Prine and Kathy Mattea, Marianne Faithfull, Jewel and Charles Esten.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18738036",
"chunk_text": "\"Dreaming My Dreams with You\"\nDreaming My Dreams with You \"\"Dreaming My Dreams with You\"\" is a song written by Allen Reynolds and recorded by Waylon Jennings' 1975 album, \"\"Dreaming My Dreams\"\". Jennings' version was released as a single that year, In 1979, Australian recording artist Colleen Hewett released a version which went on to peak at number 2 in Australia and was certified gold. The song has been covered by many artists including Emmylou Harris and Rodney Crowell, Cowboy Jack Clement, Alison Krauss, Jamey Johnson, Crystal Gayle, Patty Loveless, Martina McBride, Mark Chesnutt, John Prine and Kathy Mattea, Marianne Faithfull, Jewel and Charles Esten.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7519634",
"chunk_text": "\"Richard Manuel\"\nalongside Tommy Lee Jones, former Playboy Bunny Elizabeth Moorman, and Lila Kedrova; Robertson appeared as an extra. Taking four years to complete, it was not released until 1975. During this period, Manuel's songs were widely covered. \"\"Blues for Breakfast\"\" (an early Woodstock-era composition) was covered by Cass Elliot on \"\"Dream a Little Dream\"\" (1968); shortly thereafter, Joan Baez performed an a cappella arrangement of \"\"Tears of Rage\"\" on \"\"Any Day Now\"\" (1968) and Karen Dalton included her rendition of \"\"In a Station\"\" on \"\"In My Own Time\"\" (1971). However, he was credited with writing only three songs (\"\"When You Awake,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10546404",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\nsessions. The UK mono version of \"\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\" was released on CD as part of the 2009 \"\"The Beatles in Mono\"\" remastered box set. In 2001, the Vines recorded \"\"I'm Only Sleeping\"\" for the soundtrack album \"\"I Am Sam\"\". Other artists who have covered the song include Rosanne Cash, America, Vince Welnick, Quorthon, Jeff Tweedy, Suggs, Yonder Mountain String Band, and Stereophonics with Oasis. Arctic Monkeys covered the song at their first live performance. Thom Bishop issued a version of the track on his 2013 album \"\"A Little Physics and a Lot of Luck\"\". In the description of Jim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7126938",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams: The Greatest Hits\"\nand then given to Virgin Records becoming Orbison's first release with his new label, \"\"In Dreams: The Greatest Hits\"\", in 1987. Executive Producer: Barbara Orbison In Dreams: The Greatest Hits In Dreams: The Greatest Hits is a two-record album set of Roy Orbison songs released in 1987 on Virgin Records. It was produced by Orbison and Mike Utley, except for the song \"\"In Dreams\"\", produced by Orbison with T-Bone Burnett and film director David Lynch. All songs are new recordings by Orbison from 1986, except \"\"In Dreams\"\" from April 1987. The original 1960s versions of these songs were hit records",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3912085",
"chunk_text": "\"In a Dream (song)\"\nIn a Dream (song) \"\"In a Dream\"\" is the second single from Rockell's first album, \"\"What Are You Lookin' At?\"\" (1998). A music video has never been filmed for the single. \"\"In a Dream\"\" peaked at number 72 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1998. The song was written and produced by Randy Taylor-Weber of Galaxy Freestyle Records. It was first created in San Leandro, CA in 1989 at an upstairs studio with a three girl group by the name of First Kiss. It was a house recording made just for the pure enjoyment of entertainment. In 1994, with advanced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7113208",
"chunk_text": "\"I Only Want My Love to Grow in You\"\nI Only Want My Love to Grow in You \"\"I Only Want My Love to Grow in You\"\" is a song by English band Strawbs featured on their 1976 album Deep Cuts. The song was written by Dave Cousins and Chas Cronk and was the first single to be released under their new deal with Oyster Records. This was the first single to be written by the Cousins/Cronk partnership and was chosen for its radio friendliness. Indeed it was BBC Radio 1's record of the week when released and got plenty of airplay. However, this did not translate into records",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4085500",
"chunk_text": "\"Anabela Atijas\"\na date. Anabela describes the relationship as an instant love. The duo spent hours choreographing dances to Western songs by popular artists such as Bobby Brown, Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston. Gagi decided to create an all-girl music group in 1993. The duo split, both professionally and privately, in 2009. Anabela continued her career as a solo singer. Montenegrin singer Nenad Knežević Knez and Serbian rapper Milan 011 wrote a song for the group, called \"\"Samo u snu\"\" (Only In Dreams). Knez questioned Gagi's choice of having many different girls performing in the group, instead opting to have just Anabela",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15022994",
"chunk_text": "\"In Dreams (Howard Shore song)\"\nIn Dreams (Howard Shore song) \"\"In Dreams\"\" is a song by Howard Shore, with lyrics by Fran Walsh, originally written for the motion picture \"\"\"\". In the movie, it was sung by the boy soprano Edward Ross and a boy choir. It was also sung by another boy soprano named James Wilson, but was not noted on the album. The song is one of the musical themes or leitmotives used in the music written for film series. It is a variation on Frodo's theme, which is a hymn-like variation on the Shire theme, and features a snippet of the Fellowship",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "925172",
"chunk_text": "\"I Dream of You (More Than You Dream I Do)\"\nthe Only Girl (in the World)\"\" Other versions of the song have been recorded by Alma Cogan, by Doris Day and Les Brown's orchestra, by Archie Lewis and The Geraldo Strings, Jerry Lewis, and by Johnny Mathis. I Dream of You (More Than You Dream I Do) \"\"I Dream of You (More Than You Dream I Do)\"\" is a popular song. It was written by Marjorie Goetschius and Edna Osser and published in 1944. Charted versions were recorded by Tommy Dorsey and his orchestra, by Andy Russell, by Frank Sinatra, and by Perry Como. The recording by Tommy Dorsey was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13996485",
"chunk_text": "\"I'll See You in My Dreams (1924 song)\"\nof \"\"I'll See You in My Dreams\"\" to become a chart hit is by Pat Boone. It is the title track of his 1962 LP. The song peaked at number 32 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number nine on the Adult Contemporary chart. It also became a hit in the United Kingdom, where it reached number 27. The record's B-side, \"\"Pictures in the Fire,\"\" charted concurrently with \"\"I'll See You in My Dreams,\"\" reaching number 77 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, number 63 on \"\"Cash Box,\"\" and number 15 on the Adult Contemporary chart. I'll See You in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17730507",
"chunk_text": "\"Only in Dreams (album)\"\ncritics, the album received an average score of 74 based on 26 reviews, which indicates \"\"Generally favorable reviews\"\". \"\"Spin\"\" awarded the album a rating of 8 out of 10, writing, \"\"Gundred's richer-than-you-expect voice is the key to these jagged little pillows, whether dryly noting that a guy's 'Just a Creep,' soaring on 'Coming Down,' or lacing her echoes with sorrow on 'Hold Your Hand,' a reflection on her mother's death.\"\" In Lindsay Zoladz's 7.6-out-of-10 review, \"\"Pitchfork\"\" lauded the album's melodic risks within the genre of garage rock revival, \"\"\"\"Only in Dreams\"\" isn't a perfect record, but a little while down",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17591383",
"chunk_text": "\"Dreaming (I Dream song)\"\nDreaming (I Dream song) \"\"Dreaming\"\" is a song by pop singers and S Club 8 members Frankie Sandford and Calvin Goldspink, released as the first single from the \"\"I Dream\"\" TV series soundtrack album \"\"Welcome to Avalon Heights\"\". It was released on 15 November 2004, peaking at #19 on the UK Singles Chart. Frankie Sandford sings the whole song along with Calvin, plus solo backing vocals in the intro and during the bridge. Calvin Goldspink sings the whole song along with Frankie. Aaron Renfree, Stacey McClean, Rochelle Wiseman, Daisy Evans, Hannah Richings and Jay Asforis do not have any solos",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "573602",
"chunk_text": "\"Frank Fafara\"\non MCI Records and Mascot Records. The songs were leased to Del-Fi Records, the same label as Richie Valens, but were never released nationally. In 2006, all the original Phoenix recordings from 1959 - 1964 of Fafara were completely digitized and released by Comstock Records on a CD titled \"\"Only In My Dreams.\"\" Much of Fara's and Comstock's catalog resides with independent record label, Fervor Records, which has placed many of his songs in TV and film. Frank Fafara Frank Fafara (a.k.a. Frank Fara) was a teen rocker in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Phoenix, Arizona where he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_687
|
where is the capital city of alabama located?
|
n/a
|
[
"Montgomery"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973074",
"chunk_text": "Alabama\nthe state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana. From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture. Similar to other former slave states, Alabamian legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9881662",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama State Capitol\"\nAlabama State Capitol The Alabama State Capitol, listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the First Confederate Capitol, is the state capitol building for Alabama. It is located on Capitol Hill, originally Goat Hill, in Montgomery. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 19, 1960. Alabama has had five political capitals during its history. The first was the territorial capital in St. Stephens in 1817, followed by the state convention in Huntsville in 1819, then the first \"\"permanent\"\" capital in Cahaba in 1820. It was then moved to Tuscaloosa in 1826, until coming to rest in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17851468",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery, Alabama\"\nMontgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 2010 Census, Montgomery's population was 205,764. It is the second most populous city in Alabama, after Birmingham, and is the 118th most populous in the United States. The Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area's population in 2010 was estimated at 374,536; it is the fourth largest in the state and 136th among United States metropolitan areas. The city was incorporated in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10879356",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery, Alabama\"\nin 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household. Montgomery has one sister city: Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 2010 Census, Montgomery's population was 205,764. It is the second most populous city in Alabama, after Birmingham, and is the 118th most populous in the United States. The Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area's population in 2010 was estimated at 374,536; it is the fourth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8973087",
"chunk_text": "Alabama\nit increased to more than 300,000 people by 1830. Most Native American tribes were completely removed from the state within a few years of the passage of the Indian Removal Act by Congress in 1830. From 1826 to 1846, Tuscaloosa served as Alabama's capital. On January 30, 1846, the Alabama legislature announced it had voted to move the capital city from Tuscaloosa to Montgomery. The first legislative session in the new capital met in December 1847. A new capitol building was erected under the direction of Stephen Decatur Button of Philadelphia. The first structure burned down in 1849, but was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9883426",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama State Capitol\"\nState Supreme Court, the old Supreme Court Library, the rotunda, the old House of Representatives, and the old Senate Chamber. Its buildings and grounds are maintained by the Alabama Historical Commission. Alabama State Capitol The Alabama State Capitol, listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the First Confederate Capitol, is the state capitol building for Alabama. It is located on Capitol Hill, originally Goat Hill, in Montgomery. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 19, 1960. Alabama has had five political capitals during its history. The first was the territorial capital in St. Stephens in 1817,",
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"chunk_text": "Alabama\ncapital from 1817 to 1819. Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state on December 14, 1819, with Congress selecting Huntsville as the site for the first Constitutional Convention. From July 5 to August 2, 1819, delegates met to prepare the new state constitution. Huntsville served as temporary capital from 1819 to 1820, when the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County. Cahaba, now a ghost town, was the first permanent state capital from 1820 to 1825. The Alabama Fever land rush was underway when the state was admitted to the Union, with settlers and land speculators pouring into",
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"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery, Alabama\"\n1819 as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846, representing the shift of power to the south-central area of Alabama with the growth of cotton as a commodity crop of the Black Belt and the rise of Mobile as a mercantile port on the Gulf Coast. In February 1861, Montgomery was chosen the first capital of the Confederate States of America, which it remained until the Confederate seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that year. In the middle of the 20th century, Montgomery was a major",
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"chunk_text": "\"Alabama State Capitol\"\nMontgomery in 1846. The current structure is the state's fourth purpose-built capitol building, with the first at Cahaba, the second at Tuscaloosa, and the last two in Montgomery. The first capitol building in Montgomery, located where the current building stands, burned after only two years. The current building was completed in 1851, although additional wings were added over the course of the following 140 years. The current capitol building temporarily served as the Confederate Capitol while Montgomery served as the first political capital of the Confederate States of America in 1861, before being moved to Richmond, Virginia. Meeting in the",
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"chunk_id": "19546058",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Montgomery, Alabama\"\nHistory of Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery, Alabama, was incorporated in 1819, as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846. In February 1861, Montgomery was selected as the first capital of the Confederate States of America, until the seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that year. During the mid-20th century, Montgomery was a primary site in the Civil Rights Movement, including the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Selma to Montgomery marches. Prior to European colonization, the left bank of the Alabama River was inhabited by the Alibamu tribe",
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"chunk_text": "Alabama\nrebuilt on the same site in 1851. This second capitol building in Montgomery remains to the present day. It was designed by Barachias Holt of Exeter, Maine. By 1860, the population had increased to 964,201 people, of which nearly half, 435,080, were enslaved African Americans, and 2,690 were free people of color. On January 11, 1861, Alabama declared its secession from the Union. After remaining an independent republic for a few days, it joined the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy's capital was initially at Montgomery. Alabama was heavily involved in the American Civil War. Although comparatively few battles were",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "17851478",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery, Alabama\"\nCourt Square had one of the largest slave markets in the South. The state capital was moved from Tuscaloosa to Montgomery, on January 28, 1846. As state capital, Montgomery began to influence state politics, and it would also play a prominent role on the national stage. Beginning February 4, 1861, representatives from Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina met in Montgomery, host of the \"\"Southern Convention\"\", to form the Confederate States of America. Montgomery was named the first capital of the nation, and Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as President on the steps of the State Capitol. (The capital",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 11
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"chunk_id": "19546077",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Montgomery, Alabama\"\n2007 adopted a master plan, which included revitalization of Court Square and the riverfront. History of Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery, Alabama, was incorporated in 1819, as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846. In February 1861, Montgomery was selected as the first capital of the Confederate States of America, until the seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that year. During the mid-20th century, Montgomery was a primary site in the Civil Rights Movement, including the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Selma to Montgomery marches. Prior to European",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 12
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"chunk_id": "386699",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama in the American Civil War\"\naside and set up its provisional capital in Montgomery and selected Jefferson Davis as president. In May the Confederate government left Montgomery before the sickly season began and relocated to Richmond, Virginia, after Virginia had seceded in April 1861. Some idea of the severe logistical problems the Confederacy faced, with the capital city at Montgomery, can be seen by tracing the difficult journey into Alabama which Jefferson Davis made to the Confederacy's provisional capital from his home in Mississippi, the next state over, to assume the presidency on February 16, 1861. From his plantation on the river, he took a",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
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"chunk_id": "15212132",
"chunk_text": "\"Mobile, Alabama\"\nMobile, Alabama Mobile ( ; ) is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population within the city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census, making it the third most populous city in Alabama, the most populous in Mobile County, and the largest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida. Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is located on the Mobile River at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central Gulf Coast. The Port of Mobile has always played a key role in the economic health of",
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"chunk_text": "Alabama\n$8.3 billion providing an estimated 162,000 jobs in the state. Some of the most popular areas include the Rocket City of Huntsville, the beaches along the Gulf, and the state's capitol in Montgomery. UAB Hospital is the only Level I trauma center in Alabama. UAB is the largest state government employer in Alabama, with a workforce of about 18,000. Alabama has the headquarters of Regions Financial Corporation, BBVA Compass, Superior Bancorp, and the former Colonial Bancgroup. Birmingham-based Compass Banchshares was acquired by Spanish-based BBVA in September 2007, although the headquarters of BBVA Compass remains in Birmingham. In November 2006, Regions",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 15
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"chunk_id": "17424160",
"chunk_text": "\"Birmingham, Alabama\"\nis provided by Alagasco, although some metro area cities operate their own natural gas services. The local telecommunications are provided by AT&T. Cable television service is provided by Bright House Networks within the cities of Birmingham and Irondale, and Charter Communications in the rest of the metro area. Birmingham's Sister Cities program is overseen by the Birmingham Sister Cities Commission. Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( ) is a city located in the north central region of the U.S. state of Alabama. With an estimated 2017 population of 210,710, it is the most populous city in Alabama. Birmingham is the seat of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
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"chunk_id": "17424072",
"chunk_text": "\"Birmingham, Alabama\"\nBirmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( ) is a city located in the north central region of the U.S. state of Alabama. With an estimated 2017 population of 210,710, it is the most populous city in Alabama. Birmingham is the seat of Jefferson County, Alabama's most populous and fifth largest county. As of 2017, the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 1,149,807, making it the most populous in Alabama and 49th-most populous in the United States. Birmingham serves as an important regional hub and is associated with the Deep South, Piedmont, and Appalachian regions of the nation. Birmingham was founded",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 17
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"chunk_id": "3083273",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Montgomery, Alabama\"\ngrand tour of the United States. In 1832, the Montgomery Railroad opened, and grew to reach West Point, Georgia by 1851. Due in large part to its transportation connections and central location in the state, the legislature decided to move the state capital from Tuscaloosa to Montgomery, on January 28, 1846. The city paid for the construction of the Capitol building on Goat Hill, the site set aside by Andrew Dexter 29 years earlier. The new building was ready for the 1847-48 legislature session, but on December 14, 1849, the building burned to the ground. It was rebuilt using the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Alabama Legislature\"\nthe state capital of Montgomery to create the Confederate government. Between February and May 1861, Montgomery served as the Confederacy's capital, where Alabama state officials let members of the new Southern federal government make use of its offices. The Provisional Confederate Congress met for three months inside the General Assembly's chambers at the Alabama State Capitol. Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as the Confederacy's first and only president on the steps of the capitol. However, following complaints from Southerners over Montgomery's uncomfortable conditions and, more importantly, following Virginia's entry into the Confederacy, the Confederate government moved to Richmond in May 1861.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "10879332",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery, Alabama\"\nU.S. Congress for the 2nd district. The city is served by a nine-member city council, elected from nine single-member districts of equal size population. As the seat of Montgomery County, the city is the location of county courts and the county commission, elected separately. Montgomery is the capital of Alabama, and hosts numerous state government offices, including the office of the Governor, the Alabama Legislature, and the Alabama Supreme Court. At the federal level, Montgomery is part of Alabama's 2nd, 7th, and 3rd Congressional district, currently represented by Martha Roby, Terri Sewell, and Mike Rogers, respectively. Montgomery's crime rates compare",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Alabama State Capitol\"\nover a below-grade basement. The north and south wings are two-stories over a raised basement. The front facade that is seen today is approximately wide and tall from ground level to the top of the lantern on the dome. The first capitol building to be built in Montgomery was designed by Stephen Decatur Button of Philadelphia. Andrew Dexter, one of Montgomery's founders, kept a prime piece of property empty in anticipation of the capital eventually being moved to Montgomery from Tuscaloosa. This property, atop what was then known as Goat Hill due to its use as a pasture, was chosen",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
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"chunk_id": "19546068",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Montgomery, Alabama\"\nFlorida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina met in Montgomery to form the Confederate States of America. Montgomery was named the first capital of the nation, and Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as President on the steps of the State Capitol. The convention and subsequent Confederate government activities were based at the Exchange Hotel near Court Square. On April 11, the order to fire on Fort Sumter, the act which started the American Civil War, was sent from the Winter Building, which served as the telegraph office. On May 29, 1861, the capital was moved to Richmond, Virginia, to be closer to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "1012081",
"chunk_text": "\"Mobile, Alabama\"\nthe Mobile River. Also there is the older Bankhead Tunnel that also goes under the Mobile River. Mobile, Alabama Mobile ( ; ) is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population within the city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census, making it the third most populous city in Alabama, the most populous in Mobile County, and the largest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida. Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is located on the Mobile River at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "7685114",
"chunk_text": "\"Cahaba, Alabama\"\nCahaba, Alabama Cahaba, also spelled Cahawba, was the first permanent state capital of Alabama from 1820 to 1825, and the county seat of Dallas County, Alabama until 1866. Located at the confluence of the Alabama and Cahaba rivers, it suffered regular seasonal flooding. This was one reason that the state legislature moved the capital to a better location in 1826. After the town suffered another major flood in 1865, the state legislature moved the county seat northeast to Selma, which was better situated. The former settlement became defunct. It is now a ghost town and is preserved as a state",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_text": "\"Black Belt (region of Alabama)\"\nwhose residents, both black and white, had been underrepresented for decades in the state legislature. The Black Belt's largest city, Montgomery, was designated as the capital of Alabama in 1846. Because Alabama was geographically central to the slave states, Montgomery was also designated as the original capital of the Confederate States of America. The region's distance from the front lines during the American Civil War saved it from much of the ravages of war. Many of the Greek Revival mansions of the 19th-century planters have survived, as have some of the plantations' slave quarters. Gaineswood in Demopolis and Magnolia Grove",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
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"chunk_id": "14522026",
"chunk_text": "Alabama\nnumerous creeks, streams, rivers, mountains, and lakes. Alabama is bordered by the states of Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama has coastline at the Gulf of Mexico, in the extreme southern edge of the state. The state ranges in elevation from sea level at Mobile Bay to over 1,800 feet (550 m) in the Appalachian Mountains in the northeast. The highest point is Mount Cheaha, at a height of . Alabama's land consists of of forest or 67% of total land area. Suburban Baldwin County, along the Gulf",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "5834948",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery County, Alabama\"\nMontgomery County, Alabama Montgomery County is a county in the State of Alabama. As of the 2010 census, its population was 229,363, making it the fourth-most populous county in Alabama. Its county seat is Montgomery, the state capital. Montgomery County is included in the Montgomery, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. Montgomery County was established by dividing Monroe County on December 6, 1816, by the Mississippi Territorial Legislature. It is named for Lemuel P. Montgomery, a young U.S. Army officer killed at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, the final battle of the Creek Indian war, which was waged concurrently with the War",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
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"chunk_id": "18208282",
"chunk_text": "\"Daphne, Alabama\"\nDaphne, Alabama Daphne () is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States, on the eastern shoreline of Mobile Bay. The city is located along I-10, 11 miles east of Mobile and 170 miles southwest of the state capital of Montgomery. The 2010 United States Census lists the population of the city as 21,570, making Daphne the most populous city in Baldwin County. It is a principal city of the Daphne-Fairhope-Foley metropolitan area, which includes all of Baldwin County. The inhabited history of what is now called Daphne dates at least to the Paleo-Indian period and Native American tribes around",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"chunk_id": "340714",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Alabama\"\npresident. In May 1861, the Confederate government abandoned Montgomery before the sickly season began and relocated to Richmond, Virginia, the capital of that state. Governor Moore energetically supported the Confederate war effort. Even before hostilities began, he seized Federal facilities, sent agents to buy rifles in the Northeast and scoured the state for weapons. Despite some resistance in the northern part of the state, Alabama joined the Confederate States of America (CSA). Congressman Williamson R. W. Cobb was a Unionist and pleaded for compromise. When he ran for the Confederate congress in 1861, he was defeated. (In 1863, with war-weariness",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
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"chunk_id": "7636634",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama Governor's Mansion\"\ntourists. The mansion had been closed to tourism for almost a decade. She and her \"\"First Lady and Friends of the Mansion\"\" organization raised private funds and donations to finance this effort. It did not involve any taxpayer money. Alabama Governor's Mansion The Alabama Governor's Mansion is the official residence of the Governor of Alabama and the governor's family in Montgomery, the capital city of Alabama. The current Governor of Alabama, Kay Ivey lives at the governor's mansion. The original governor's mansion for Alabama was occupied from 1911 until 1950, when the current mansion was acquired. The current mansion was",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 30
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"chunk_id": "19546067",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Montgomery, Alabama\"\nsame plans and completed in 1851. As state capital, Montgomery began to have a great influence over state politics, but would also play a prominent role on the national stage. Montgomery resident William Lowndes Yancey served in both houses of the Alabama State Legislature and in the U.S. House of Representatives, where he became an outspoken supporter of states' rights. He traveled the country spreading his \"\"fire-eater\"\" stance of slavery and secession. After Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860, Yancey led charge for Alabama's secession from the Union, which passed on January 11, 1861. Beginning February 4, representatives from Alabama, Georgia,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
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"chunk_id": "20982346",
"chunk_text": "\"Tuscaloosa County, Alabama\"\nTuscaloosa County, Alabama Tuscaloosa County is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2010 census, its population was 194,656 (estimated at 206,102 in 2016 by the United States Census Bureau). Its county seat and largest city is Tuscaloosa, the former state capital from 1826 to 1845. The county is named in honor of Tuskaloosa, a paramount chief of the Mississippian culture, who are considered ancestors of the historic Choctaw people of the region. Tuscaloosa County is included in the Tuscaloosa, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is the home of the University of Alabama, Shelton State",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "18250490",
"chunk_text": "\"Montgomery County, Alabama\"\nPublic Library operates public libraries. Universities/Colleges include: Montgomery County is home to many cultural and historic sites including: Montgomery County, Alabama Montgomery County is a county in the State of Alabama. As of the 2010 census, its population was 229,363, making it the fourth-most populous county in Alabama. Its county seat is Montgomery, the state capital. Montgomery County is included in the Montgomery, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. Montgomery County was established by dividing Monroe County on December 6, 1816, by the Mississippi Territorial Legislature. It is named for Lemuel P. Montgomery, a young U.S. Army officer killed at the Battle",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 33
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"chunk_text": "Alabama\nAlabama Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state. Alabama is nicknamed the \"\"Yellowhammer State\"\", after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the \"\"Heart of Dixie\"\" and the \"\"Cotton State\"\". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
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"chunk_id": "12149596",
"chunk_text": "\"North Alabama\"\nNorth Alabama North Alabama is a region of the U.S. state of Alabama, generally considered to include 16 counties: Blount, Cherokee, Colbert, Cullman, DeKalb, Etowah, Franklin, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Marion, Marshall, Morgan, and Winston, with a combined population of 1,000,985, or 20.94% of the state's population as of 2010 Census. The Greater Birmingham metro area overlaps the region and is the largest metropolitan area in the region. The anchor city of the region is Huntsville, but other cities of notable size include (in order of population): Decatur, Madison, Florence (along with its sister cities Muscle Shoals, Sheffield, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 35
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"chunk_id": "12865521",
"chunk_text": "\"North Alabama\"\nNorth Alabama North Alabama is a region of the U.S. state of Alabama, generally considered to include 16 counties: Blount, Cherokee, Colbert, Cullman, DeKalb, Etowah, Franklin, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Marion, Marshall, Morgan, and Winston, with a combined population of 1,000,985, or 20.94% of the state's population as of 2010 Census. The Greater Birmingham metro area overlaps the region and is the largest metropolitan area in the region. The anchor city of the region is Huntsville, but other cities of notable size include (in order of population): Decatur, Madison, Florence (along with its sister cities Muscle Shoals, Sheffield, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "20822020",
"chunk_text": "\"Greenville, Alabama\"\nwas based in Greenville. Greenville is located in southern Alabama at 31°49'52.583\"\" North, 86°37'39.241\"\" West (31.831273, -86.627567). Interstate 65 passes to the west of the city center, with access from exits 128 and 130. U.S. Route 31 passes to the east of the city center. Montgomery, the state capital, is north, the closest city to Greenville with a population above 50,000. Mobile is to the southwest on I-65. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Greenville has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.82%, is water. The city of Greenville has a humid subtropical climate,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
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"chunk_text": "\"Alabama River\"\nlocated at river mile 236.2, the Millers Ferry Lock & Dam is located at river mile 133.0, and the Claiborne Lock & Dam is located at river mile 72.5. Alabama River The Alabama River, in the U.S. state of Alabama, is formed by the Tallapoosa and Coosa rivers, which unite about north of Montgomery, near the suburb of Wetumpka. The river flows west to Selma, then southwest until, about from Mobile, it unites with the Tombigbee, forming the Mobile and Tensaw rivers, which discharge into Mobile Bay. The run of the Alabama is highly meandering. Its width varies from ,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "12933003",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama State Capitol\"\nsecond floor and through the third floor to the top of the dome. The dome interior is decorated with eight painted murals by Roderick MacKenzie, a Scottish-born artist who relocated to Alabama. The murals illustrate MacKenzie's artistic interpretation of the history of Alabama. They were executed on canvas from 1926 to 1930 at his Mobile studio and then shipped to Montgomery by railroad for installation in July 1930. The murals depict the hostile meeting of Hernando de Soto and Tuskaloosa in 1540, the establishment of the colonial French capital of Mobile by Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 39
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"chunk_id": "3254631",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama Governor's Mansion\"\nAlabama Governor's Mansion The Alabama Governor's Mansion is the official residence of the Governor of Alabama and the governor's family in Montgomery, the capital city of Alabama. The current Governor of Alabama, Kay Ivey lives at the governor's mansion. The original governor's mansion for Alabama was occupied from 1911 until 1950, when the current mansion was acquired. The current mansion was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1972. The first official residence for Alabama's governor was acquired in 1911. Prior to that time, governors of the state lived in private homes or local hotels during",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
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"chunk_text": "Alabama\nduring 2011. The state's other ports are on rivers with access to the Gulf of Mexico. Water ports of Alabama, listed from north to south: Alabama Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state. Alabama is nicknamed the \"\"Yellowhammer State\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
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"chunk_id": "16195944",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Alabama\"\nMoore, as previously instructed by the legislature, called a state convention. Many prominent men had opposed secession. In North Alabama, there was an attempt to organize a neutral state to be called Nickajack. With President Lincoln's call to arms in April 1861, most opposition to secession ended. On January 11, 1861, the State of Alabama adopted the ordinances of secession from the Union (by a vote of 61-39). Alabama joined the Confederate States of America, whose government was first organized at Montgomery on February 4, 1861. The CSA set up its temporary capital in Montgomery and selected Jefferson Davis as",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 42
},
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"chunk_id": "780044",
"chunk_text": "\"Tuscaloosa, Alabama\"\nin what is now central Alabama. Tuscaloosa served as Alabama's capital city from 1826 to 1846. Tuscaloosa is the regional center of industry, commerce, healthcare, and education for the area of west-central Alabama known as \"\"West Alabama\"\". It is the principal city of the Tuscaloosa Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Tuscaloosa, Hale and Pickens counties. In 2013 its estimated metro population was 235,628. Tuscaloosa is also the home of The University of Alabama, Stillman College and Shelton State Community College. While the city attracted international attention when Mercedes-Benz announced it would build its first automotive assembly plant in North America",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 43
},
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"chunk_id": "16491497",
"chunk_text": "\"Alabama Department of Public Health\"\nand is charged with the responsibility for safeguarding the public health through enforcement of the public health laws of the State of Alabama...\"\" \"\"The Medical Association of the State of Alabama is the State Board of Health. The State Board of Health and its administrative arm, the Department of Public Health, have central offices located in the state’s capital city, Montgomery, Alabama.\"\" \"\"The terms State Board of Health, State Committee of Public Health, State Department of Public Health, and State Health Officer are used interchangeably except where the context prohibits.\"\" \"\"The Board functions through the State Committee of Public Health",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 44
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"chunk_id": "19051250",
"chunk_text": "\"University of Alabama Quad\"\nUniversity of Alabama Quad The Quad is an approximately quadrangle on the campus of the University of Alabama located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Home to most of the university's original buildings, this portion of the campus remains the geographic and historic center of the modern campus. Originally designed by noted English-born architect William Nichols, construction of the university campus began in 1828, following the move of the Alabama state capital from Cahaba to Tuscaloosa in 1826. The overall design for this early version of the campus was patterned after Thomas Jefferson's plan for the University of Virginia, with its Lawn and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19612627",
"chunk_text": "\"Dothan, Alabama\"\nDothan, Alabama Dothan is a city in Dale, Henry, and Houston counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is the largest city and county seat of Houston County, with a population of 65,496 at the 2010 census. It is located in the state's southeastern corner, approximately west of the Georgia state line and north of Florida. It is named after the biblical city, which is the place where Joseph's brothers threw him into a cistern and then sold him into slavery in Egypt. Dothan is the principal city of the Dothan, Alabama metropolitan area, which encompasses all of Geneva,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10126776",
"chunk_text": "\"Juliet Opie Hopkins\"\nJanuary 11, 1861, joining the Confederate States of America. Montgomery became the first capitol of the Confederacy, and it was the city in which Jefferson Davis gave his inaugural address. In May 1861, the capital was moved to Richmond, Virginia. In November 1861, Governor John Gill Shorter appointed Judge Hopkins to oversee Alabama hospitals. The couple liquidated much of their real estate holdings in three states and contributed the cash to the medical needs of the Confederacy. Under authority given her by the Alabama legislature, Juliet coordinated civilian aid and donation efforts. Operating out of a supply depot in Richmond,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18208312",
"chunk_text": "\"Daphne, Alabama\"\nOutpatient rehabilitation services are offered through various practitioners and through physician offices. Daphne, Alabama Daphne () is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States, on the eastern shoreline of Mobile Bay. The city is located along I-10, 11 miles east of Mobile and 170 miles southwest of the state capital of Montgomery. The 2010 United States Census lists the population of the city as 21,570, making Daphne the most populous city in Baldwin County. It is a principal city of the Daphne-Fairhope-Foley metropolitan area, which includes all of Baldwin County. The inhabited history of what is now called Daphne",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "780117",
"chunk_text": "\"Tuscaloosa, Alabama\"\nCommission was formed in 1986. The city currently has sister city relationships with cities in three countries: (B) denotes that the person was born there. Tuscaloosa, Alabama Tuscaloosa ( ) is a city in and the seat of Tuscaloosa County in west central Alabama (in the southeastern United States). Located on the Black Warrior River at the Atlantic Seaboard fall line of the Piedmont, it is the fifth-largest city in Alabama, with an estimated population of 100,287 in 2017. Incorporated as a town on December 13, 1819, it was named after Tuskaloosa, the chief of a band of Muskogean-speaking people.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_688
|
when was coffee first made into a drink?
|
n/a
|
[
"15th century",
"the 15th century"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15555870",
"chunk_text": "Drink\nand brewed to create coffee. Coffee is slightly acidic (pH 5.0–5.1) and can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content. It is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways. The effect of coffee on human health has been a subject of many studies; however, results have varied in terms of coffee's relative benefit. Coffee cultivation first took place in southern Arabia; the earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking appears in the middle of the 15th century in the Sufi shrines of Yemen. Hot chocolate,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398862",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nhis flock nibbled on the bright red berries of a certain bush, chewed on the fruit himself. His exhilaration prompted him to bring the berries to a monk in a nearby monastery. But the monk disapproved of their use and threw them into the fire, from which an enticing aroma billowed, causing other monks to come and investigate. The roasted beans were quickly raked from the embers, ground up, and dissolved in hot water, yielding the world's first cup of coffee. Since this story is not known to have appeared in writing before 1671, 800 years after it was supposed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14594776",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nhistory goes back to 1880 when the first of began to be developed in an area between northern New South Wales and Cooktown. Today there are several producers of Arabica coffee in Australia that use a mechanical harvesting system invented in 1981. History of coffee The history of coffee dates back to the 15th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use. The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia, with several mythical accounts but no solid evidence. The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8098910",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nCrete. Oxford's Queen's Lane Coffee House, established in 1654, is still in existence today. Coffee was introduced in France in 1657, and in Austria and Poland after the 1683 Battle of Vienna, when coffee was captured from supplies of the defeated Turks. When coffee reached North America during the Colonial period, it was initially not as successful as it had been in Europe as alcoholic beverages remained more popular. During the Revolutionary War, the demand for coffee increased so much that dealers had to hoard their scarce supplies and raise prices dramatically; this was also due to the reduced availability",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398855",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nHistory of coffee The history of coffee dates back to the 15th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use. The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia, with several mythical accounts but no solid evidence. The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the early 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen, spreading soon to Mecca and Cairo. By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398871",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nsupplies from the spoils obtained after defeating the Turks. The officer who received the coffee beans, Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, a Polish military officer of Ukrainian origin, opened the coffee house and helped popularize the custom of adding sugar and milk to the coffee. \"\"Melange\"\" is the typical Viennese coffee, which comes mixed with hot foamed milk and a glass of water. According to Leonhard Rauwolf's 1583 account, coffee became available in England no later than the 16th century, largely through the efforts of the Levant Company. The first coffeehouse in England was opened in St. Michael's Alley in Cornhill, London.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1438064",
"chunk_text": "\"Coffee in world cultures\"\ncoffee in 1615, it increased the coffee consuming population and contributed to its eventual expansion to the Americas. Traders, conquistadors, and missionaries brought coffee over to the Americas with them during the Columbian Exchange. In terms of North America, the British brought coffee over to New York, then New Amsterdam, in the 1600s. It reached peak popularity after the Boston Tea Party, and has remained an American staple drink ever since. The parent seed of the Arabica coffee found mainly in the Caribbean, but also in other countries in South and Central America, was brought over in 1723. After the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8874565",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nfirst attested in 1952. The term \"\"coffee pot\"\" dates from 1705. According to legend, ancestors of today's Oromo people in a region of Kaffa in Ethiopia were believed to have been the first to recognize the energizing effect of the coffee plant. However, there is no direct evidence that has been found earlier than the 15th century indicating where in Africa coffee first grew or who among the native populations might have used it as a stimulant. The story of Kaldi, the 9th-century Ethiopian goatherd who discovered coffee when he noticed how excited his goats became after eating the beans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14594763",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\ncapita coffee consumers in the world. Coffee's first notable Korean enthusiasts were 19th century emperors Sunjong and Gojong, who preferred to consume it after western-style banquets. By the 1980s instant coffee and canned coffee had become fairly popular, with a more minor tradition of independently owned coffeehouses in larger cities; toward the end of the century the growth of franchises such as Caffe Bene and Starbucks brought about a greater demand for European-style coffee. Coffee was first introduced by the Dutch during colonization in late 17th century. After several years coffee was planted on Indonesia Archipelago. Many coffee specialties are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14352966",
"chunk_text": "\"Coffee milk\"\nmilk. Coffee syrup is produced by straining hot water and sugar through coffee grounds, and is also prepared by preparing a large amount of hot coffee and then adding sugar to it afterward. A cold-process method for coffee syrup involves soaking pulverized coffee beans for some time and then adding sugar. It was originally produced in the 1930s in corner drug stores and was targeted towards children, while their parents drank hot coffee. Due to the popularity of the product, coffee syrup was eventually bottled and sold by merchants. The first mass-produced coffee syrup was introduced by the Silmo Packing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222679",
"chunk_text": "Coffeemaker\nthat coffee should not be boiled gained acceptance. The first modern method for making coffee using a coffee filter—drip brewing—is more than 125 years old, and its design had changed little. The \"\"biggin\"\", originating in France ca. 1780, was a two-level pot holding coffee in a cloth sock in an upper compartment into which water was poured, to drain through holes in the bottom of the compartment into the coffee pot below. Coffee was then dispensed from a spout on the side of the pot. The quality of the brewed coffee depended on the size of the grounds - too",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730237",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nand to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia, and to the Americas. In 1583, Leonhard Rauwolf, a German physician, gave this description of coffee after returning from a ten-year trip to the Near East: From the Middle East, coffee spread to Italy. The thriving trade between Venice and North Africa, Egypt, and the Middle East brought many goods, including coffee, to the Venetian port. From Venice, it was introduced to the rest of Europe. Coffee became more widely accepted after it was deemed a Christian beverage by Pope Clement VIII in 1600, despite appeals to ban the \"\"Muslim drink.\"\" The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398863",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nto have taken place, it is highly likely to be apocryphal. The earliest credible evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the middle of the 15th century, in Yemen's Sufi monasteries. Coffee beans were first exported from Ethiopia to Yemen. Yemeni traders brought coffee back to their homeland and began to cultivate the bean. The word \"\"qahwa\"\" originally meant wine, and Sufis in Yemen used the beverage as an aid to concentration and as a kind of spiritual intoxication when they chanted the name of God. Sufis used it to keep themselves alert during",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398868",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\n\"\"Umdat al safwa fi hill al-qahwa\"\" عمدة الصفوة في حل القهوة. He reported that one Sheikh, Jamal-al-Din al-Dhabhani (d. 1470), mufti of Aden, was the first to adopt the use of coffee (circa 1454). Coffee was first introduced to Europe on the island of Malta in the 16th century, according to the TV documentary Madwarna. It was introduced there through slavery. Turkish Muslim slaves had been imprisoned by the Knights of St John in 1565—the year of the Great Siege of Malta, and they used to make their traditional beverage. Domenico Magri mentioned in his work Virtu del Kafé, \"\"Turks,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8874677",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nSea into Arabia (modern-day Yemen), where Muslim dervishes began cultivating the shrub in their gardens. At first, the Arabians made wine from the pulp of the fermented coffee berries. This beverage was known as \"\"qishr\"\" (\"\"kisher\"\" in modern usage) and was used during religious ceremonies. Coffee drinking was prohibited by jurists and scholars (\"\"ulema\"\") meeting in Mecca in 1511 as \"\"haraam\"\", but the subject of whether it was intoxicating was hotly debated over the next 30 years until the ban was finally overturned in the mid-16th century. Use in religious rites among the Sufi branch of Islam led to coffee's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12991405",
"chunk_text": "Decaffeination\non coffee beans after seeing his work on belladonna extract. Though Runge was able to isolate the compound, he did not learn much about the chemistry of caffeine itself, nor did he seek to use the process commercially to produce decaffeinated coffee. The first commercially successful decaffeination process was invented by German merchant Ludwig Roselius and co-workers in 1903 and patented in 1906. In 1903, Ludwig accidentally stumbled upon this method when his freight of coffee beans was soaked in sea water and lost much of its caffeine without losing much taste. This original decaffeination process involved steaming coffee beans",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19741397",
"chunk_text": "Latte\n\"\"Caffè latte\"\", \"\"Milchkaffee\"\", \"\"café au lait\"\" and \"\"café con leche\"\" are domestic terms of traditional ways of drinking coffee, usually as part of breakfast in the home. Public cafés in Europe and the US it seems have no mention of the terms until the 20th century, although \"\"Kapuziner\"\" is mentioned in Austrian coffee houses in Vienna and Trieste in the 2nd half of 1700s as \"\"coffee with cream, spices and sugar\"\" (being the origin of the Italian cappuccino). According to the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\", the term \"\"caffè latte\"\" was first used in English in 1867 by William Dean Howells in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730238",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nfirst European coffee house opened in Rome in 1645. The Dutch East India Company was the first to import coffee on a large scale. The Dutch later grew the crop in Java and Ceylon. The first exports of Indonesian coffee from Java to the Netherlands occurred in 1711. Through the efforts of the British East India Company, coffee became popular in England as well. John Evelyn recorded tasting the drink at Oxford in England in a diary entry of May 1637 to where it had been brought by an Ottoman student of Balliol College from Crete named Nathaniel Conopios of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4667776",
"chunk_text": "Caffeine\nThe Spaniards also introduced the cacao tree into the West Indies and the Philippines. It was used in alchemical processes, where it was known as \"\"black bean\"\". The leaves and stems of the yaupon holly (\"\"Ilex vomitoria\"\") were used by Native Americans to brew a tea called \"\"asi\"\" or the \"\"black drink\"\". Archaeologists have found evidence of this use far into antiquity, possibly dating to Late Archaic times. In 1819, the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge isolated relatively pure caffeine for the first time; he called it \"\"\"\"Kaffebase\"\"\"\" (i.e., a base that exists in coffee). According to Runge, he did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398856",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nand northern Africa. Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America, despite bans imposed during the 15th century by religious leaders in Mecca and Cairo, and later by the Catholic Church. The word \"\"coffee\"\" entered the English language in 1582 via the Dutch \"\"koffie\"\", borrowed from the Ottoman Turkish \"\"kahve\"\", in turn borrowed from the Arabic \"\"qahwah\"\" (). The Arabic word \"\"qahwah\"\" originally referred to a type of wine, whose etymology is given by Arab lexicographers as deriving from the verb \"\"qahā\"\" (, \"\"to lack hunger\"\") in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8874567",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nto soften the seed, which resulted in a fragrant brown liquid. Upon drinking the liquid Omar was revitalized and sustained for days. As stories of this \"\"miracle drug\"\" reached Mocha, Omar was asked to return and was made a saint. The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the middle of the 15th century in the accounts of Ahmed al-Ghaffar in Yemen. It was here in Arabia that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed, in a similar way to how it is prepared now. Coffee was used by Sufi circles to stay awake",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1222678",
"chunk_text": "Coffeemaker\nin about 1710, the Infusion brewing process was introduced. This involved submersing the ground coffee, usually enclosed in a linen bag, in hot water and letting it steep or \"\"infuse\"\" until the desired strength brew was achieved. Nevertheless, throughout the 19th and even the early 20th centuries, it was considered adequate to add ground coffee to hot water in a pot or pan, boil it until it smelled right, and pour the brew into a cup. There were lots of innovations from France in the late 18th century. With help from Jean-Baptiste de Belloy, the Archbishop of Paris, the idea",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14594772",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nthree years, is attributed to France through its colonization of many parts of the continent starting with the Martinique and the colonies of the West Indies where the first French coffee plantations were founded. The first coffee plantation in Brazil occurred in 1727 when Lt. Col. Francisco de Melo Palheta smuggled seeds, still essentially from the germ plasm originally taken from Yemen to Batavia, from French Guiana. By the 1800s, Brazil's harvests would turn coffee from an elite indulgence to a drink for the masses. Brazil, which like most other countries cultivates coffee as a commercial commodity, relied heavily on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9862906",
"chunk_text": "Cappuccino\nThe British seem to have started filtering and steeping coffee already in the second part of the 18th century, and France and continental Europe followed suit. By the 19th century, coffee was brewed in different devices designed for both home and public cafés. Adding milk to coffee was mentioned by Europeans already in the 1700s, and sometimes advised. Cappuccino originated as the coffee beverage kapuziner in the Viennese coffee houses in the 1700s, at the same time as the counterpart coffee beverage named Franziskaner: kapuziner shows up on coffee house menus all over the Habsburg Monarchy around this time, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8874665",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\narabica\"\" bean containing very little caffeine was discovered in Ethiopia in 2004. See Low caffeine coffee. Widely known as coffeehouses or cafés, establishments serving prepared coffee or other hot beverages have existed for over five hundred years. Coffeehouses in Mecca became a concern as places for political gatherings to the imams who banned them, and the drink, for Muslims between 1512 and 1524. In 1530 the first coffeehouse was opened in Damascus. The first coffeehouse in Constantinople was opened in 1475 by traders arriving from Damascus and Aleppo. Soon after, coffeehouses became part of the Ottoman Culture, spreading rapidly to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730228",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\ncontinuing research on whether long-term consumption lowers the risk of some diseases, although those long-term studies are of generally poor quality. The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking appears in modern day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines. It was here in Arabia that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a similar way to how it is now prepared. But the coffee seeds had to be first exported from East Africa to Yemen, as the \"\"Coffea arabica\"\" plant is thought to have been indigenous to the former. Yemeni traders took coffee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398869",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nmost skilful makers of this concoction.\"\" Also the German traveller Gustav Sommerfeldt in 1663 wrote \"\"the ability and industriousness with which the Turkish prisoners earn some money, especially by preparing coffee, a powder resembling snuff tobacco, with water and sugar.\"\" Coffee was a popular beverage in Maltese high society—many coffee shops opened. Coffee was also noted in Aleppo by the German physician botanist Leonhard Rauwolf, the first European to mention it, as \"\"chaube\"\", in 1573; Rauwolf was closely followed by descriptions from other European travellers. The vibrant trade between the Republic of Venice and the Muslims in North Africa, Egypt,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8874647",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nstout and porter give a chocolate or coffee-like taste due to roasted grains even though actual coffee beans are not added to it. A number of products are sold for the convenience of consumers who do not want to prepare their own coffee or who do not have access to coffeemaking equipment. Instant coffee is dried into soluble powder or freeze-dried into granules that can be quickly dissolved in hot water. Originally invented in 1907, it rapidly gained in popularity in many countries in the post-war period, with Nescafé being the most popular product. Many consumers determined that the convenience",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4667774",
"chunk_text": "Caffeine\neither coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee plant appears in the middle of the fifteenth century, in the Sufi monasteries of the Yemenin southern Arabia. From Mocha, coffee spread to Egypt and North Africa, and by the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, Persia and Turkey. From the Middle East, coffee drinking spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe, and coffee plants were transported by the Dutch to the East Indies and to the Americas. Kola nut use appears to have ancient origins. It is chewed in many West African cultures, in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10830434",
"chunk_text": "\"Instant coffee\"\nlong shelf life—though instant coffee can spoil if not kept dry. Instant coffee also reduces cleanup since there are no coffee grounds, and at least one study has found that it has a lower environmental footprint than other preparation methods. Instant or soluble coffee was invented and patented in 1881, by Alphonse Allais, France, under patent number 141520. In 1890, David Strang of Invercargill, New Zealand, under patent number 3518 sold under the trading name Strang's Coffee citing the patented \"\"Dry Hot-Air\"\" process. The invention was previously attributed to Satori Kato, a Japanese scientist working in Chicago in 1901. Kato",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398870",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nand \"\"the East\"\" brought a large variety of African goods, including coffee, to this leading European port. Venetian merchants introduced coffee-drinking to the wealthy in Venice, charging them heavily for the beverage. In this way, coffee was introduced to the mainland of Europe. In 1591 Venetian botanist-physician Prospero Alpini became the first to publish a description of the coffee plant in Europe. The first European coffee house apart from those in the Ottoman Empire and in Malta was opened in Venice in 1645. The first coffeehouse in Austria opened in Vienna in 1683 after the Battle of Vienna, by using",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8098897",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nCoffee Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain \"\"Coffea\"\" species. The genus \"\"Coffea\"\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent, and Africa. The two most commonly grown are \"\"C. arabica\"\" and \"\"C. robusta\"\". Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. Dried coffee seeds (referred to as \"\"beans\"\") are roasted to varying",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16312954",
"chunk_text": "Sanka\nSanka Sanka is a brand of instant decaffeinated coffee, sold around the world, and was one of the earliest decaffeinated varieties. Sanka is distributed in the United States by Kraft Foods. Decaffeinated coffee was developed in 1903 by a team of researchers led by Ludwig Roselius in Bremen, Germany. It was first sold in Germany and many other European countries in 1905–1906 under the name Kaffee HAG (short for \"\"Kaffee Handels-Aktien-Gesellschaft\"\", or Coffee Trading Public Company). In France, the brand name became \"\"Sanka\"\", derived from the French words \"\"sans caféine\"\" (\"\"without caffeine\"\"). The brand came to the United States in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398882",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nthat Bourbon tree. Circa 1727, the King of Portugal sent Francisco de Melo Palheta to French Guiana to obtain coffee seeds to become a part of the coffee market. Francisco initially had difficulty obtaining these seeds, but he captivated the French Governor's wife and she sent him enough seeds and shoots to commence the coffee industry of Brazil. In 1893, the coffee from Brazil was introduced into Kenya and Tanzania (Tanganyika), not far from its place of origin in Ethiopia, 600 years prior, ending its transcontinental journey. Meanwhile, coffee had been introduced to Brazil in 1727, although its cultivation did",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "59717",
"chunk_text": "Caffeine\ncentury Islamists in Mecca and in the Ottoman Empire made coffee illegal for some classes. Charles II of England tried to ban it in 1676, Frederick II of Prussia banned it in 1777, and coffee was banned in Sweden at various times between 1756 and 1823. In 1911, caffeine became the focus of one of the earliest documented health scares, when the US government seized 40 barrels and 20 kegs of Coca-Cola syrup in Chattanooga, Tennessee, alleging the caffeine in its drink was \"\"injurious to health\"\". Although the judge ruled in favor of Coca-Cola, two bills were introduced to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14396288",
"chunk_text": "\"National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia\"\non January 6, 1960, featuring a country farmer (campesino) carrying coffee on his mule \"\"Conchita\"\". First cultivated in the Dutch East Indies, the species of \"\"Coffea arabica\"\" came to Americas around the year 1690. The Dutch sent the coffee seeds to their colonies in Surinam, and thereafter to the French Guiana and Brazil. The French, through other routes, took it to Guadeloupe and Martinique, their main two colonies in the Caribbean. It seems that the Jesuits were the first to introduce seeds of coffee in the \"\"\"\"Nueva Granada\"\"\"\" (today Colombia) by the year 1723. The first experiments in growing coffee",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14594745",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\narabica\"\" bushes. In 1658 the Dutch first used them to begin coffee cultivation in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and later in southern India. They abandoned these cultivations to focus on their Javanese plantations in order to avoid lowering the price by oversupply. Within a few years, the Dutch colonies (Java in Asia, Suriname in the Americas) had become the main suppliers of coffee to Europe. Coffee reached the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century, primarily through merchants trading with the Ottomans. The first coffee shops opened a century later. Usage of coffee has grown since, though it was a luxury",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15658545",
"chunk_text": "\"Espresso machine\"\nelements, such as a grouphead and a portafilter. An espresso machine may also have a steam wand which is used to steam and froth liquids (such as milk) for coffee drinks such as cappuccino and caffe latte. Espresso machines may be steam-driven, piston-driven, pump-driven, or air-pump-driven. Machines may also be manual or automatic. The first machine for making espresso was built and patented by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy, who demonstrated a working example at the Turin General Exposition of 1884. He was granted patent no. 33/256 dated 16 May 1884 (according to the \"\"Bollettino delle privative industriali del Regno",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "918314",
"chunk_text": "Drink\nbanned the secular consumption of coffee until the reign of Emperor Menelik II. The drink was also banned in Ottoman Turkey during the 17th century for political reasons and was associated with rebellious political activities in Europe. A drink is a form of liquid which has been prepared for human consumption. The preparation can include a number of different steps, some prior to transport, others immediately prior to consumption. Water is the chief constituent in all drinks, and the primary ingredient in most. Water is purified prior to drinking. Methods for purification include filtration and the addition of chemicals, such",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "59716",
"chunk_text": "Caffeine\nfrom tea, but it was later proved by Mulder and by Carl Jobst that theine was actually the same as caffeine. In 1895, German chemist Hermann Emil Fischer (1852–1919) first synthesized caffeine from its chemical components (i.e. a \"\"total synthesis\"\"), and two years later, he also derived the structural formula of the compound. This was part of the work for which Fischer was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1902. Because it was recognized that coffee contained some compound that acted as a stimulant, first coffee and later also caffeine has sometimes been subject to regulation. For example, in the 16th",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8066292",
"chunk_text": "\"Iced coffee\"\nwithout ice. Iced coffee is also regularly available in most coffee shops. Regardless of brewing method, iced coffee is generally brewed at a higher strength than normal coffee, due to the dilution caused by the ice. Mazagran, a cold, sweetened coffee beverage that originated in Algeria circa 1840, has been described as \"\"the original iced coffee\"\". It was prepared with coffee syrup and cold water. Frozen coffee beverages, similar to slush, are documented in the 19th century, often called \"\"café frappé (à la glace)\"\". Similar is the Italian \"\"granita al caffè\"\". Coffee brewed then chilled with ice, called \"\"iced coffee\"\",",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398867",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nthe belief of the clergy that it was a Muslim drink.\"\" The earliest mention of coffee noted by the literary coffee merchant Philippe Sylvestre Dufour is a reference to \"\"bunchum\"\" in the works of the 10th century CE Persian physician Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, known as Rhazes in the West, but more definite information on the preparation of a beverage from the roasted coffee berries dates from several centuries later. One of the most important of the early writers on coffee was Abd al-Qadir al-Jaziri, who in 1587 compiled a work tracing the history and legal controversies of coffee entitled",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398876",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nin North Sea ports, including Bremen (1673) and Hamburg (1677). Initially, this new beverage was written in the English form \"\"coffee\"\", but during the 1700s the Germans gradually adopted the French word \"\"café\"\", then slowly changed the spelling to \"\"Kaffee\"\", which is the present word. In the 18th century the popularity of coffee gradually spread around the German lands, and was taken up by the ruling classes. Coffee was served at the court of the Great Elector, Frederick William of Brandenburg, as early as 1675, but Berlin's first public coffee house did not open until 1721. Composer Johann Sebastian Bach,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15658544",
"chunk_text": "\"Espresso machine\"\nEspresso machine An espresso machine brews coffee by forcing pressurized water near boiling point through a \"\"puck\"\" of ground coffee and a filter in order to produce a thick, concentrated coffee called espresso. The first machine for making espresso was built and patented in 1884 by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy. An improved design was patented on April 28, 1903, by Luigi Bezzera. The founder of the La Pavoni company bought the patent and from 1905 produced espresso machines commercially on a small scale in Milan. Multiple machine designs have been created to produce espresso. Several machines share some common",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7398861",
"chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nhave used it as a stimulant or known about it there earlier than the seventeenth century. The original domesticated coffee plant is said to have been from Harar, and the native population is thought to be derived from Ethiopia with distinct nearby populations in Sudan and Kenya. Coffee was primarily consumed in the Islamic world where it originated and was directly related to religious practices. For example, coffee helped its consumers fast in the day and stay awake at night, during the Muslim celebration of Ramadan. Another account involves a 9th-century Ethiopian goat-herder, Kaldi, who, noticing the energizing effects when",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14504587",
"chunk_text": "Kaldi\nenticing aroma billowed. The roasted beans were quickly raked from the embers, ground up, and dissolved in hot water, yielding the world's first cup of coffee. The story is probably apocryphal, as it was first related by Antoine Faustus Nairon, a Maronite who became a Roman professor of Oriental languages and author of one of the first printed treatises devoted to coffee, \"\"De Saluberrima potione Cahue seu Cafe nuncupata Discurscus\"\" (Rome, 1671). In modern times, \"\"Kaldi Coffee\"\" or \"\"Kaldi's Coffee\"\" and \"\"Dancing Goat\"\" or \"\"Wandering Goat\"\" are popular names for coffee shops and coffee roasting companies around the world. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730314",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nall regions of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century, coffee appeared for the first time in Europe outside the Ottoman Empire, and coffeehouses were established and quickly became popular. The first coffeehouses in Western Europe appeared in Venice, as a result of the traffic between La Serenissima and the Ottomans; the very first one is recorded in 1645. The first coffeehouse in England was set up in Oxford in 1650 by a Jewish man named Jacob in the building now known as \"\"The Grand Cafe\"\". A plaque on the wall still commemorates this and the cafe is now a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730236",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nin his writings of a beverage called qahwa developed from a tree in the Zeila region. By the 16th century, coffee had reached the rest of the Middle East, Persia, Turkey, and northern Africa. The first coffee smuggled out of the Middle East was by Sufi Baba Budan from Yemen to Indian subcontinent in 1670. Before then, all exported coffee was boiled or otherwise sterilised. Portraits of Baba Budan depict him as having smuggled seven coffee seeds by strapping them to his chest. The first plants grown from these smuggled seeds were planted in Mysore. Coffee then spread to Italy,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6730240",
"chunk_text": "Coffee\nof tea from British merchants, and a general resolution among many Americans to avoid drinking tea following the 1773 Boston Tea Party. After the War of 1812, during which Britain temporarily cut off access to tea imports, the Americans' taste for coffee grew. During the 18th century, coffee consumption declined in England, giving way to tea-drinking. The latter beverage was simpler to make, and had become cheaper with the British conquest of India and the tea industry there. During the Age of Sail, seamen aboard ships of the British Royal Navy made substitute coffee by dissolving burnt bread in hot",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "59715",
"chunk_text": "Caffeine\nmethod and described caffeine under the name \"\"Caffeebase\"\" a year earlier than Robiquet, to whom the discovery of this substance is usually attributed, having made the first oral announcement about it at a meeting of the Pharmacy Society in Paris.\"\" Pelletier's article on caffeine was the first to use the term in print (in the French form \"\"Caféine\"\" from the French word for coffee: \"\"café\"\"). It corroborates Berzelius's account: Robiquet was one of the first to isolate and describe the properties of pure caffeine, whereas Pelletier was the first to perform an elemental analysis. In 1827, M. Oudry isolated \"\"théine\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_689
|
when was the last time vancouver had an earthquake?
|
n/a
|
[
"1946"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16605606",
"chunk_text": "\"Garibaldi Volcanic Belt\"\nconverge to per year. This is only about half the rate of convergence of seven million years ago. Scientists have estimated that there have been at least 13 significant earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone in the past 6,000 years. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant shaking associated with this earthquake demolished houses of the Cowichan Tribes on Vancouver Island and caused several landslides. Shaking due to this earthquake",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5131437",
"chunk_text": "\"Mount Cayley volcanic field\"\nper year. This is only about half the rate of convergence from seven million years ago. Scientists have estimated that there have been at least 13 significant earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone in the last 6,000 years. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant shaking associated with this earthquake demolished houses of the Cowichan Tribes on Vancouver Island and caused several landslides. Shaking due to this earthquake made it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7263155",
"chunk_text": "\"1918 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\n1918 Vancouver Island earthquake The 1918 Vancouver Island earthquake occurred in British Columbia, Canada at 12:41 a.m. Pacific Standard Time on December 6. The earthquake was most likely of the strike-slip type, and was estimated to have a maximum perceived intensity of VII (\"\"Very strong\"\") on the Mercalli intensity scale. The epicenter was located east of the Stewardson inlet on the west coast of Vancouver Island, with damage occurring at the Estevan Point lighthouse on the Hesquiat Peninsula. The event registered 7.2 on the moment magnitude scale and was felt as far as northern Washington state and the interior of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6068212",
"chunk_text": "\"1946 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\n1946 Vancouver Island earthquake The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake struck Vancouver Island on the Coast of British Columbia, Canada, on June 23 at 10:15 a.m. with a magnitude estimated at 7.0 and 7.5 . The main shock epicenter occurred in the Forbidden Plateau area northwest of Courtenay. While most of the large earthquakes in the Vancouver area occur at tectonic plate boundaries, the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake was a crustal event. Shaking was felt from Portland, Oregon to Prince Rupert, British Columbia. This is one of the most damaging earthquakes in the history of British Columbia, but damage was restricted",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3216816",
"chunk_text": "\"Port Alberni\"\nitself as a tourism destination. The area's amenities, such as the natural beauty of the area, the opportunities for fishing (both marine and freshwater), its convenience as a jumping-off point for new outdoor recreation and ecotourism activities such as hiking, kayaking, and mountain-biking, lend themselves to these activities very well. The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake was a 7.3 magnitude earthquake that struck at 10:15 a.m. on Sunday, June 23, 1946. The main shock epicenter occurred in the Forbidden Plateau area north of Port Alberni. While most of the large earthquakes in the Vancouver area occur at tectonic plate boundaries, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16326462",
"chunk_text": "\"Vancouver Island\"\nfully subducted beneath it and the remnants of the Farallon Plate, the Juan de Fuca Plate, are now subducting below the island. This process has led to Vancouver Island being one of the most seismically active regions in Canada. The subduction zone off the coast of the island forms a section of the Pacific Ring of Fire. The area has been known to host megathrust earthquakes in the past, the last occurring in 1700. In 1946, the Forbidden Plateau in the east of the Vancouver Island Ranges was the epicentre of an earthquake that registered 7.3 on the Richter magnitude",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12245579",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Cascade Arc\"\nlarge earthquakes of magnitude 7.0 or greater. The interface between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates remains locked for periods of roughly 500 years. During these periods, stress builds up on the interface between the plates and causes uplift of the North American margin. When the plate finally slips, the 500 years of stored energy are released in a massive earthquake. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1604660",
"chunk_text": "\"Port Alberni\"\n1946 Vancouver Island earthquake was a crustal event. Shaking was felt from Portland, Oregon to Prince Rupert, British Columbia. The earthquake is remembered as one of the most damaging earthquakes in the history of British Columbia. From 1920 to 1973 Alberni Residential School was in operation. The Canadian Federal government now says that this was a big blot on race relations in Canada. The residential school system run by the United Church forcibly separated children from their families and communities. The residential school was closed in the late 1970s and in 2009 was demolished. In 1955, the Alberni Athletics Senior-A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4017564",
"chunk_text": "\"1700 Cascadia earthquake\"\n1700 Cascadia earthquake The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust earthquake involved the Juan de Fuca Plate from mid-Vancouver Island, south along the Pacific Northwest coast as far as northern California. The length of the fault rupture was about , with an average slip of . The earthquake caused a tsunami which struck the coast of Japan and may also be linked to the Bonneville Slide and the Tseax Cone eruption in British Columbia. The earthquake took place at about 21:00 Pacific Time on January",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4017571",
"chunk_text": "\"1700 Cascadia earthquake\"\na whale, as well as cultural signifiers such as earthquake-inspired ritual masks and dances. The geological record reveals that \"\"great earthquakes\"\" (those with moment magnitude 8 or higher) occur in the Cascadia subduction zone about every 500 years on average, often accompanied by tsunamis. There is evidence of at least 13 events at intervals from about 300 to 900 years with an average of 570–590 years. Previous earthquakes are estimated to have been in 1310 AD, 810 AD, 400 AD, 170 BC and 600 BC. As seen in the 1700 quake, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, and the 2011 Tōhoku",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19767122",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nVent) about 2,350 years ago, and Mount St. Helens in 1980. Major cities affected by a disturbance in this subduction zone include Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia; Seattle, Washington; and Portland, Oregon. There are no contemporaneous written records of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Orally transmitted legends from the Olympic Peninsula area tell of an epic battle between a thunderbird and a whale. In 2005, seismologist Ruth Ludwin set out to collect and analyze anecdotes from various First Nations groups. Reports from the Huu-ay-aht, Makah, Hoh, Quileute, Yurok, and Duwamish peoples referred to earthquakes and saltwater floods. This collection of data",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7263156",
"chunk_text": "\"1918 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\nBritish Columbia. The earthquake took place in the vicinity of the Cascadia subduction zone where the Juan de Fuca Plate and the Explorer Plate are being subducted under the North American Plate at a rate of and less than per year respectively, but the event was a crustal intraplate earthquake and was produced from the complicated interaction between the plates in the area. The source of the earthquake was the Nootka transform fault, which separates the Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates and has been the origin of at least five additional moderate to large events since 1918. 1918 Vancouver",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1117132",
"chunk_text": "\"Episodic tremor and slip\"\n(Tremor is a weak seismological signal only detectable by very sensitive seismometers.) Recent episodes of tremor and slip in the Cascadia region have occurred down-dip of the region ruptured in the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Since the initial discovery of this seismic mode in the Cascadia region, slow slip and tremor have been detected in other subduction zones around the world, including Japan and Mexico. Slow slip is not accompanied by tremor in the Hikurangi Subduction Zone. Every five years a year-long quake of this type occurs beneath the New Zealand capital, Wellington. It was first measured in 2003, and has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8836279",
"chunk_text": "\"Episodic tremor and slip\"\nCanada coined the term \"\"episodic tremor and slip\"\" to characterize observations of GPS measurements in the Vancouver Island area. Vancouver Island lies in the eastern, North American region of the Cascadia subduction zone. ETS events in Cascadia were observed to reoccur cyclically with a period of approximately 14 months. Analysis of measurements led to the successful prediction of ETS events in following years (e.g., 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2007). In Cascadia, these events are marked by about two weeks of 1 to 10 Hz seismic trembling and non-earthquake (\"\"aseismic\"\") slip on the plate boundary equivalent to a magnitude 7 earthquake.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11874452",
"chunk_text": "\"Courtenay, British Columbia\"\nJune 1946, a 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck just west of Courtenay, with the epicentre located at Forbidden Plateau. The earthquake was felt as far north as Prince Rupert and as far south as Portland, Oregon. Many of the town's chimneys were destroyed, and there was significant damage to the post office and the Courtenay elementary school. This was the largest earthquake to hit Vancouver Island, and the largest onshore earthquake in Canada on record. There were only two reported deaths: one Seattle man died of a heart attack and another drowned when his boat capsized due to a resulting wave.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4017576",
"chunk_text": "\"1700 Cascadia earthquake\"\nQuillayute River. Some other subduction zones have such earthquakes every 100 to 200 years; the longer interval results from slower plate motions. The rate of convergence between the Juan de Fuca Plate and the North American Plate is per year. 1700 Cascadia earthquake The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust earthquake involved the Juan de Fuca Plate from mid-Vancouver Island, south along the Pacific Northwest coast as far as northern California. The length of the fault rupture was about , with an average slip of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9247290",
"chunk_text": "\"Lower Mainland\"\nconsists of dikes, pump stations, floodboxes, riprap, and relief wells. While earthquakes are common in British Columbia and adjacent coastal waters, most are minor in energy release or are sufficiently remote to have little effect on populated areas. Nevertheless, earthquakes with a magnitude of up to 7.3 have occurred within 150 kilometres of the Lower Mainland. Based on geological evidence, however, stronger earthquakes appear to have occurred at approximately 600-year intervals. Therefore, there is a probability that there will be a major earthquake in the region within the next 200 years. In April 2008, the United States Geological Survey released",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6068213",
"chunk_text": "\"1946 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\nbecause there were no heavily populated areas near the epicentre, where severe shaking occurred. This earthquake is Canada's largest historic onshore earthquake. However, the greatest earthquake in Canadian history recorded by seismometers was the 1949 Queen Charlotte earthquake, an interplate earthquake that occurred on the ocean bottom just off the rugged coast of Graham Island, which reached magnitude 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale. The tectonics that caused the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake are poorly known. No surface expression of the offset was noticed, most likely because the epicentre area is very remote and densely forested. A comprehensive examination and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2785186",
"chunk_text": "\"2001 Nisqually earthquake\"\n2001 Nisqually earthquake The 2001 Nisqually earthquake occurred at on February 28, 2001. The intraslab earthquake had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The epicenter was in the southern Puget Sound, northeast of Olympia, but the shock was felt in Oregon, Canada, eastern Washington, and Idaho. This was one of several large earthquakes that occurred in the Puget Sound region in the prior 52 years and caused property damage valued at between one and four billion dollars. One person died of a heart attack and several hundred were injured. The Puget Sound area",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6512274",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Charlotte Fault\"\nFairweather Fault. The two segments are collectively called the Queen Charlotte-Fairweather Fault System. The fault has been the source of large, very large, and great earthquakes. The study of the Queen Charlotte Fault affords further important information applicable to other similar faults throughout the world. Four large earthquakes have occurred along the Queen Charlotte Fault within the last hundred years: a magnitude 7 event in 1929, a magnitude 8.1 occurred in 1949 (Canada's largest recorded earthquake since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake) a magnitude 7.4 in 1970 and a magnitude 7.8 on Oct 27 2012 The P nodal focal mechanism for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10385386",
"chunk_text": "\"1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake\"\nthe two earthquake events. This earthquake, larger than the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, is Canada's largest earthquake recorded by seismometers. However, the greatest earthquake in Canadian history was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, a megathrust earthquake that occurred along the Pacific Northwest coast from Northern California to southwestern British Columbia which reached magnitude 9 on the Richter magnitude scale. Although nobody was killed in this earthquake, people and animals were knocked off their feet and there were landslides and other damage. Chimneys tumbled, and an oil tank at Cumshewa Inlet collapsed. In the service community of Terrace, away on the mainland,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3334907",
"chunk_text": "Seattle\nUnion Bay. Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly and one more by heart failure.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18174095",
"chunk_text": "\"Vancouver Special\"\nThe architectural housing design can also be seen elsewhere in the outer regions of the Lower Mainland and other parts of southern British Columbia where the climate is moderate, as this housing design is not optimal for coping with large quantities of snow. The housing architecture also can be found substantially in Victoria, Comox, Duncan and Nanaimo (on Vancouver Island) but is less common due to the different economic conditions and constraints there. As the greater Vancouver area has not experienced a substantial earthquake (M ~6.5+) in the past 100 years, it is unclear how durable the \"\"Vancouver Special\"\" is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5668398",
"chunk_text": "Vancouver\nhighs rarely reaching . The highest temperature ever recorded at the airport was set on July 30, 2009, and the highest temperature ever recorded within the city of Vancouver was occurring first on July 31, 1965, again on August 8, 1981, and finally on May 29, 1983. The coldest temperature ever recorded in the city was on January 14, 1950 and again on December 29, 1968. On average, snow falls on nine days per year, with three days receiving or more. Average yearly snowfall is but typically does not remain on the ground for long. Winters in Greater Vancouver are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14610967",
"chunk_text": "\"1946 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\nsustained for about a minute even in Seattle. The earthquake caused significant movement among structures, moving one wall about and caused one home to shift for off its foundation. The total affected area in Canada and the United States was about . 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake struck Vancouver Island on the Coast of British Columbia, Canada, on June 23 at 10:15 a.m. with a magnitude estimated at 7.0 and 7.5 . The main shock epicenter occurred in the Forbidden Plateau area northwest of Courtenay. While most of the large earthquakes in the Vancouver area occur",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5789428",
"chunk_text": "\"1992 Cape Mendocino earthquakes\"\nlast 2,000 years, with the most recent event being the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. The Gorda Plate is undergoing a process of intraplate deformation and experiences large intraplate earthquakes that may be the result of north-south compression of the oceanic crust along the Mendocino Fracture Zone. The region near the triple junction experiences high seismicity, with more than 60 earthquakes of intensity VI (\"\"Strong\"\") or greater or magnitudes ≥ 5.5 since 1853. The mainshock in the sequence (11:06 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time) occurred onshore, west of Petrolia at a depth of 10.5 kilometers, and was among an infrequent number of earthquakes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17219106",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nof the major quakes on the northern San Andreas during at least the past 3,000 years or so. The evidence also shows the rupture direction going from north to south in each of these time-correlated events. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake seems to have been a major exception to this correlation, however, as it was not preceded by a major Cascadia quake. The last known great earthquake in the northwest was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Geological evidence indicates that great earthquakes (> magnitude 8.0) may have occurred sporadically at least seven times in the last 3,500 years, suggesting a return",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6282942",
"chunk_text": "\"Climate of Vancouver\"\ndropped to on November 28, higher than the record low for the day, which was set in November 1985. On November 29, more snow fell on the city. The snowfall resulted in the closure of a number of public institutions and caused power outages throughout Surrey and Langley. The Hanukkah Eve Wind Storm of 2006 swept through Greater Vancouver on December 15, 2006 with winds reaching from . In Stanley Park, it damaged or uprooted over 5,000 trees, and caused mudslides, one of which destroyed a section of the seawall. Insured damages throughout the province were expected to reach CA$40",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10342748",
"chunk_text": "\"Slow earthquake\"\nopposed to \"\"normal earthquakes\"\" occur in a matter of seconds. Several slow-earthquake events around the world appear to have triggered major, damaging seismic earthquakes in the shallower crust (e.g., 2001 Nisqually, 1995 Antofagasta). Conversely, major earthquakes trigger \"\"post-seismic creep\"\" in the deeper crust and mantle. Every five years a year-long quake of this type occurs beneath the New Zealand capital, Wellington. It was first measured in 2003, and has reappeared in 2008 and 2013. It lasts for around a year each time, releasing as much energy as a magnitude 7 quake. Slow earthquake A slow earthquake is a discontinuous, earthquake-like",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18174096",
"chunk_text": "\"Vancouver Special\"\nto Seattle- or San Francisco-like earthquake land and soil movements. As there is a lot of built in modularity in this kind of housing design, it is assumed that relatively inexpensive earthquake remediation measures could be taken to increase this kind of housing architecture's ability to withstand earth movement without disintegration. Vancouver Specials evolved into what were frequently derided as \"\"monster homes\"\" in the 1990s that many critics claimed were ruining the aesthetic character of their neighbourhoods. However, the change in house size in the Greater Vancouver area is more closely bound to the rising house prices, and property speculation.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15102639",
"chunk_text": "\"Earthquake warning system\"\nof bullet trains. In 2009, an early warning system called ShakeAlarm was installed and commissioned in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was placed to protect a piece of critical transportation infrastructure called the George Massey Tunnel, which connects the north and south banks of the Fraser River. In this application the system automatically closes the gates at the tunnel entrances if there is a dangerous seismic event inbound. The success and the reliability of the system was such that as of 2015 there have been several additional installations on the west coast of Canada and the United States, and there",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5668377",
"chunk_text": "Vancouver\nconferences and events, including the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, UN Habitat I, Expo 86, the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009; and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics which were held in Vancouver and Whistler, a resort community north of the city. In 2014, following thirty years in California, the TED conference made Vancouver its indefinite home. Several matches of the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup were played in Vancouver, including the final at BC Place. The original settlement, named Gastown, grew up on clearcuts on the west edge of the Hastings Mill logging sawmill's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14353427",
"chunk_text": "Vancouver\nexacerbated by the Olympics because owners of single room occupancy hotels, which house many of the city's lowest income residents, converted their properties to attract higher income residents and tourists. Another significant international event held in Vancouver, the 1986 World Exposition, received over 20 million visitors and added $3.7 billion to the Canadian economy. Some still-standing Vancouver landmarks, including the SkyTrain public transit system and Canada Place, were built as part of the exposition. Vancouver, unlike other British Columbia municipalities, is incorporated under the \"\"Vancouver Charter\"\". The legislation, passed in 1953, supersedes the \"\"Vancouver Incorporation Act, 1921\"\" and grants the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6512275",
"chunk_text": "\"Queen Charlotte Fault\"\nthe 1949 earthquake indicates a virtually pure strike-slip movement with a northwest striking nodal plane corresponding to the strike of the fault. The 1970 earthquake did however show a similar strike-slip movement with a small but significant thrust component, consistent with relative plate motion. The 1949 earthquake was larger than the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, causing nearly a 500 kilometer long segment of the Queen Charlotte Fault to break. A 7.8 magnitude quake struck off the western coast of Haida Gwaii at around 8:10pm Pacific Time on Saturday 27 October 2012. This was the biggest quake in Canadian territory since",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17219105",
"chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nearthquake and was only detectable as silent, non-earthquake seismic signatures. In 2004, a study conducted by the Geological Society of America analyzed the potential for land subsidence along the Cascadia subduction zone. It postulated that several towns and cities on the west coast of Vancouver Island, such as Tofino and Ucluelet, are at risk for a sudden, earthquake initiated, 1–2 m subsidence. Studies of past earthquake traces on both the northern San Andreas Fault and the southern Cascadia subduction zone indicate a correlation in time which may be evidence that quakes on the Cascadia subduction zone may have triggered most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12911916",
"chunk_text": "\"2010 Chile earthquake\"\nthe Philippines, Russia and Taiwan. Coastal areas of Canada's westernmost province British Columbia was under a tsunami advisory, and this was the most alarming advisory as the earthquake occurred during the same time as the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. No large wave was expected to strike British Columbia, but strong local ocean currents combined with a wave put low-lying coastal regions at risk of flooding. The first wave was expected to reach southern British Columbia at 15:11 local time. Residents were advised to avoid beaches, harbours and marinas. A tsunami advisory was also issued for coastal areas of California,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11329786",
"chunk_text": "\"Chetco River\"\nwind. The mountains also shield the area from cool marine layers. Partially as a result of this phenomenon, Brookings recorded its highest temperature ever, , on July 8, 2008. Earthquakes are common, and large-scale ones occur around every 300 years. The Cascadia earthquake of 1700—estimated at 8.7–9.2 on the moment magnitude scale—caused a tsunami to sweep across California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, reaching Japan the next day. It was produced when the entire Cascadia subduction zone, about long, slipped approximately in a megathrust event. Another major earthquake occurred in 1873 near present-day Brookings. With a magnitude of 7.3, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17966152",
"chunk_text": "\"Mount Breakenridge\"\ntsunami would produce would be devastating due to the effects it could have on the logging, fishing, and tourism industries. In the past, there have been several tsunamis in the British Columbia area. Two, occurring in 1700 and 1946, were caused by earthquakes and never hit the shore. Three tsunamis did make landfall. One struck in 1960, and was caused by a magnitude 9.5 quake. It affected the town of Tofino by damaging the local log booms. The next, in 1964, was caused by a magnitude 8.5 earthquake and produced a 14-foot wave that completely flooded parts of the towns",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3955443",
"chunk_text": "\"Vancouver School Board\"\ndistrict budget. In 2014, there were 1,473 international students in Vancouver public schools. The Ministry of Education launched a seismic upgrading program in March 2005 to upgrade schools all over British Columbia. The program is quoted to cost a total of $1.5 billion. The following schools in the Vancouver School Board are supported to proceed with seismic mitigation in 2015: Killarney Secondary, David Thompson Secondary, Maple Grove Elementary, Lord Tennyson Elementary, Dr. Annie B. Jamieson Elementary, Eric Hamber Secondary, Point Grey Secondary, Renfrew Community Elementary, Sir Alexander MacKenzie Elementary, Waverley Elementary, Edith Cavell Elementary, Prince of Wales Secondary, Templeton Secondary,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6684479",
"chunk_text": "\"2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake\"\n2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake The 2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake occurred just after . The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.8 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The earthquake's epicentre was on Moresby Island of the Haida Gwaii archipelago (formerly known as the Queen Charlotte Islands). This was the second largest Canadian earthquake ever recorded by a seismometer, after the 1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake, about away. Strong shaking was felt throughout Haida Gwaii where residents in Masset, Skidegate, Sandspit, and Queen Charlotte City were evacuated to higher ground. Minor shaking was felt in Prince Rupert and in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19631000",
"chunk_text": "\"Concord Fault\"\nmoving approximately 2.7 to 3.6 millimeters a year. Currently, it is considered to be under a high stress level and therefore has a higher chance of a major earthquake happening. There have been earthquakes on this fault before. On October 23, 1955, a 5.4 magnitude quake caused about 1 million dollars in damage (about 8.7 million today) and one death. The last large earthquake linked to this fault occurred over 400 years ago. According to USGS seismologists it is \"\"the most urban fault” in the East Bay, with potential for a larger event than the 2014 South Napa earthquake. As",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4830187",
"chunk_text": "\"Vancouver, Washington\"\nalmost topped the Interstate Bridge's support piers and completely destroyed nearby Vanport, Oregon. Other unusual storms include the Columbus Day windstorm of 1962 and an April 5, 1972 tornado which rated F3 on the Fujita scale, striking a local school. A F1 tornado struck on January 10, 2008 just after noon causing moderate damage along a path from Vancouver Lake to the unincorporated Hazel Dell area. Because many Vancouver residents work in Portland, there is typically significant rush hour traffic congestion on two bridges that cross the Columbia River — the Interstate Bridge and the Glenn Jackson Bridge. In 2006",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6311955",
"chunk_text": "\"Canadian Cascade Arc\"\nshaking associated with this earthquake demolished houses of the Cowichan Tribes on Vancouver Island and caused several landslides. It also made it too difficult for the Cowichan people to stand, and the tremors were so lengthy that they were sickened. The earthquake-generated tsunami ultimately devastated a winter village at Pachena Bay, killing all the people that lived there. The 1700 Cascadia earthquake caused near-shore subsidence, submerging marshes and forests on the coast that were later buried under more recent debris. Unlike most subduction zones worldwide, there is no deep oceanic trench present along the continental margin in Cascadia. The reason",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5157449",
"chunk_text": "\"Urban seismic risk\"\nin with the new highrises, and the famous Toronto CN Tower. Similar to methodologies used in nuclear reactors, a seismic walk down of the city is the best way to identify vulnerabilities and possible places for improvement. Toronto is located on the shores of Lake Ontario, the site of much microseismicity. Historic records indicate that energetic earthquakes occur infrequently in the region, as with many other cities in the world, though Toronto was struck by a 5.0 magnitude earthquake on June 23, 2010, and a 5.1 magnitude earthquake on May 17, 2013. Most new construction complies with strict building codes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5673012",
"chunk_text": "Vancouver\nthe remainders in the adjacent suburbs. A number of city's biggest tourist attractions, such as English Bay/ Stanley Park, the Vancouver Aquarium, University of British Columbia with the Museum of Anthropology, and Kitsilano are not connected by this rapid transit system. Changes are being made to the regional transportation network as part of Translink's 10-Year Transportation Plan. The Canada Line, opened on August 17, 2009, connects Vancouver International Airport and the neighbouring city of Richmond with the existing SkyTrain system. The Evergreen Extension, which opened on December 2, 2016, links the cities of Coquitlam and Port Moody with the SkyTrain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10603394",
"chunk_text": "\"Climate of Vancouver\"\n, and the greatest snow depth reported was on January 15 of that year. Although the which fell across Greater Vancouver and the Lower Mainland in a 24‑hour period in November 2006 was out of the ordinary, snow has in fact accumulated at sea level in all months except for June, July, and August. However, even small amounts of snow in the Vancouver area can cause school closures, as well as produce traffic problems. The low frequency of snowfall makes it hard to justify the public works infrastructure necessary for more effective snow removal, as the city is usually in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10237813",
"chunk_text": "\"Architecture of Vancouver\"\neducational and entertainment venue at the east end of False Creek. One of the greatest impacts on buildings in the region since the early 1990s has been an ongoing construction, financial, and legal crisis known as the Leaky Condo Crisis, which first emerged in residential buildings in the Greater Vancouver region during a major construction boom. It primarily involves multi-unit condominium (or strata) buildings damaged by rainwater infiltration, causing in B.C. alone an estimated $4 billion in damage to over 900 buildings and 31,000 individual housing units built between the late 1980s and early 2000s, establishing it as the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6068215",
"chunk_text": "\"1946 Vancouver Island earthquake\"\ndepth of the earthquake places it within the continental crust, not at the margin with the Cascadia subduction zone, and certainly not inside the subduction zone itself. Specifically, the earthquake's epicentre was positioned somewhere in the Forbidden Plateau region, in central Vancouver Island. Though very destructive, the earthquake caused only two deaths: Jacob L. Kingston, aged 69, and Daniel Fidler, who was 50. Kingston suffered a heart attack, while Fidler drowned when his dinghy was swamped by a wave. In Vancouver, damage consisted of lofty buildings oscillating violently, and a piece of masonry fell from the local railway station. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5668385",
"chunk_text": "Vancouver\nApril 6, 1886, the same year that the first transcontinental train arrived. CPR president William Van Horne arrived in Port Moody to establish the CPR terminus recommended by Henry John Cambie, and gave the city its name in honour of George Vancouver. The Great Vancouver Fire on June 13, 1886, razed the entire city. The Vancouver Fire Department was established that year and the city quickly rebuilt. Vancouver's population grew from a settlement of 1,000 people in 1881 to over 20,000 by the turn of the century and 100,000 by 1911. Vancouver merchants outfitted prospectors bound for the Klondike Gold",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10484000",
"chunk_text": "\"1872 North Cascades earthquake\"\njust south of the Canada–United States border at Ross Lake. The Cascadia subduction zone rarely influences the western portion of Washington state, but the November 1873 M7.3 shock near the California–Oregon border may have been associated with it. Although activity in the Pacific Northwest (especially west of the Cascades in Washington) has occasionally been located near the subduction zone, earthquakes there (1949 Olympia, 1965 Puget Sound, 2001 Nisqually) have mostly been intraslab events. A large M7 earthquake on the Seattle Fault in 900 C.E. may have generated a tsunami in Puget Sound. The 1872 event east of the Cascades is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_690
|
when did tim hortons open in the usa?
|
n/a
|
[
"1981"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142255",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nTim Hortons Tim Hortons Inc. (known internationally as Tim Hortons Cafe and Bake Shop) is a multinational fast food restaurant known for its coffee and donuts. It is also Canada's largest quick service restaurant chain; as of December 31, 2016, it had a total of 4,613 restaurants in nine countries. The company was founded in 1964 in Hamilton, Ontario, by Canadian hockey player Tim Horton (1930–1974) and Jim Charade (1934–2009), after an initial venture in hamburger restaurants. In 1967, Horton partnered with investor Ron Joyce, who assumed control over operations after Horton died in 1974. Joyce expanded the chain into",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142281",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nTim Hortons reportedly had plans by 2013 plans to enter the large Indian market, which the company denied. Tim Hortons officially opened its first Southeast Asian store in Manila, Philippines on February 28, 2017. In July 2018, Tim Hortons announced it will open more than 1500 branches in China over the next decade. Initially, the US stores were the result of natural expansion in Canada–U.S. border areas (e.g., stores in Maine and the Buffalo, New York area where Horton played from 1972 to 1974 as a member of the Buffalo Sabres). The first United States locations were opened in Deerfield",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142256",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\na multimillion-dollar franchise. Charade left the organization in 1966 and briefly returned in 1970 and 1993 through 1996. On August 26, 2014, Burger King agreed to purchase Tim Hortons for US$11.4 billion; the chain became a subsidiary of the Oakville-based holding company Restaurant Brands International on December 15, 2014, which is majority-owned by Brazilian investment firm 3G Capital. The chain's first store opened on May 17, 1964, in Hamilton, Ontario, under the name \"\"Tim Horton Donuts\"\"; the name was later abbreviated to \"\"Tim Horton's\"\" and then changed to \"\"Tim Hortons\"\" without the possessive apostrophe. The business was founded by Miles",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238881",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nmost of its stores in 2007. The company often indicated the delay of broader or wider electronic payment acceptance was to \"\"ensure speed of service.\"\" In 2012, Tim Hortons began accepting Visa cards, and in 2013, began accepting American Express cards. As of late 2013, Tim Hortons had \"\"4,350 cafes across the world, out of which 3,500 are in Canada, 817 in the US and 33 in the GCC. The Toronto Stock Exchange listed company recorded revenues of $794 million and net profit of $111 million in the September quarter.\"\" On August 24, 2014, US fast food chain Burger King",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11713727",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Horton\"\n7), both numbers have since been retired. In 1964, Horton opened his first Tim Horton Doughnut Shop in Hamilton, Ontario on Ottawa Street. He added a few of his culinary creations to the initial menu. By 1968, Tim Horton had become a multimillion-dollar franchise system. Horton's previous business ventures included both a hamburger restaurant and Studebaker auto dealership in Toronto. Upon Horton's death in 1974, his business partner Ron Joyce bought out the Horton family's shares for $1 million and took over as sole owner of the existing chain, which had 40 stores at the time, and later expanded to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142288",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nlocation at the time was in Calcutta, Ohio, about 50 miles south of Youngstown. The chain entered the area in July 2012 with the opening of a location in Hermitage, Pennsylvania. As of 2012 the company had expanded across the US states of Connecticut, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and West Virginia. The first expansion into Indiana was the opening of a location in Richmond, Indiana's east central side. On January 7, 2014, Tim Hortons opened a kiosk in the Gila River Arena (where the Arizona Coyotes of the NHL play) in Glendale, Arizona.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142289",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nOn March 5, 2014, The Arizona Coyotes announced that as of March 10, 2014, the Tim Hortons stand would be open to the public from 9:00 to 15:00, seven days a week. This location is the first Tim Hortons in Arizona. A flagship Tim Hortons location within the Buffalo area opened across from the KeyBank Center (then First Niagara Center) at the HarborCenter complex on October 29, 2014. The location honours the life and legacy of Tim Horton. 2014 also saw expansion into North Dakota, with franchises open in Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot. The chain also planned to open",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142284",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nDunkin' Donuts locations operated by the Riese Organization. One of the stores is located at Madison Square Garden, where Horton played as a member of the New York Rangers from 1969 to 1971. In 2009, Tim Hortons opened its first store in Albany, NY, with more stores on the way. Tim Hortons continued its southward expansion in the US by opening a restaurant at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia, in mid-December 2009. In November 2010, Tim Hortons announced it was closing 36 stores in the northeastern United States due to high competition with New England-based Dunkin' Donuts and Au Bon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142282",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nBeach, Florida and Pompano Beach, Florida in 1981, but they proved unsuccessful and were closed. In 1985, the chain returned to the US with a location on Niagara Falls Boulevard in the Buffalo suburb of Amherst, New York. Starting in the mid-1990s, however, the chain began expanding in the US by acquiring former locations from fast food chains. In 1996 and 1997, thirty-seven former Rax Restaurants locations in Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia were bought by Wendy's International Inc.; 30 of these were converted to Tim Hortons, while the others became Wendy's franchise locations. Thirty-five closed Hardee's stores in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142290",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\n40 outlets in the St. Louis, Missouri area starting in 2015, first selling coffee and hot chocolate at Enterprise Center during St. Louis Blues games, followed by the opening of a full-service store in the suburb of Maplewood and an \"\"express\"\" location inside a Frontenac bank building. In 2016, Tim Hortons expand to Minnesota with a store inside Mall of America. Through franchise partnership with Dubai-based Apparel Group, Tim Hortons entered the United Arab Emirates in 2011 with store openings in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Fujairah, with the first location opening in September 2011. As of December 2013 it has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238887",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nInternational (RBI), which began trading on December 15, 2014. According to CBC News, \"\"how the government will enforce [Moore's] conditions is unclear.\"\" In May 2015, the company announced the closure of its U.S. headquarters in Dublin, Ohio; in March 2015, it had 127 employees. This headquarters was a relic of the former merger with Wendy's, which is also based in Dublin. In August 2016, Tim Hortons again changed presidents. In September 2016, Tim Hortons announced it would be expanding into the United Kingdom, with an unannounced number of locations to be built. Revenue in 2015 for RBI was US$4.0522 billion",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671211",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nworking at the military base. The Canadian Federal government subsidized the operation of the Kandahar outlet in the order of CAD$4–5 million per year. The Kandahar Tim Hortons closed on November 29, 2011, after serving four million cups of coffee and three million doughnuts over five years. The first Tim Hortons outlet at a US military base was opened in 2009 at Fort Knox. The following year, a second Tim Hortons outlet was opened at Naval Station Norfolk. As of November 2011, Tim Hortons has five outlets open on four US military bases. Besides the first two, they are also",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142278",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nIn March 2010, Tim Hortons announced further expansion on both sides of the Canada–US border to be completed by 2013. The plan calls for 600 new stores in Canada (primarily in Quebec and Western Canada but also including smaller communities) and 300 new stores in the US (primarily in its existing markets of Michigan, New York, and Ohio). It also for expansion into such non-standard store locations as hospitals, universities, and airports, as well as extending its co-branding initiative with US ice cream chain Cold Stone Creamery, which began in 2009, to cover 60 Canadian stores and 25–35 new and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238879",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nof its shares in Tim Hortons, by distributing the remaining 82% to its shareholders. On the same day, Tim Hortons was added to Canada's benchmark stock-market indicator, the S&P/TSX Composite Index, and to the S&P/TSX 60. Despite maintaining its operational headquarters in Oakville, the spun-off holding company, Tim Hortons Inc., was initially incorporated in Delaware. As of March 2006, Tim Hortons commanded 76% of the Canadian market for baked goods (based on the number of customers served) and held 62% of the Canadian coffee market (compared to Starbucks, in the number two position, at 7%). On June 29, 2009, Tim",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142283",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nDetroit area were also purchased with the intention of being converted. By 2004, the chain had also acquired 42 Bess Eaton coffee and doughnut restaurants situated in southern New England. Several combination Wendy's/Tim Hortons units were opened in the US; both in the \"\"traditional\"\" markets of Maine and Buffalo, where there were well over 180 locations as of 2011, and in the markets entered through acquisition. In October 2008, Tim Hortons announced a plan to add 82 locations in Tops Markets stores in the United States. On July 13, 2009, Tim Hortons opened stores in New York City at former",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142263",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nand eventually overtook McDonald's as Canada's largest food service operator. The company opened twice as many Canadian outlets as McDonald's by 2005, and system-wide sales also surpassed those of McDonald's Canadian operations as of 2002. The chain accounted for 22.6% of all fast food industry revenues in Canada in 2005. Under pressure from major investors Peter May and Nelson Peltz, in late 2005, Wendy's announced it would sell between 15% and 18% of the Tim Hortons operations in an initial public offering, which was completed on March 24, 2006, and subsequently said it would spin off to shareholders its remaining",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671237",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\ncommunity life throughout Canada. In recognition primarily for his work with the Foundation, he received an appointment to the Order of Canada, with the official presentation taking place on October 21, 1992, in Ottawa. On May 16, 2018, a woman asked to use the restroom at a Tim Hortons in Langley, British Columbia, but was refused. After a brief but escalating argument with the employee, the woman was seen taking a fistful of napkins from the counter, dropping her shorts, and defecating on the floor. She then proceeded to take the feces in her hand and throw it at the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671191",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nhead office along with its 400 employees to the Exchange Tower in Downtown Toronto. Tim Hortons was originally concentrated in Ontario and Atlantic Canada. In recent years, however, the chain has greatly expanded its presence into Quebec and western Canada. Its location in Iqaluit, Nunavut, is the northernmost store as of 2010. Tim Hortons' international presence includes outlets in the United States and one that was on a military base outside Kandahar, Afghanistan, although this latter outlet was principally intended for Canadian Armed Forces and allied military personnel. Two more outlets are located in military bases at Fort Knox, Kentucky,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671231",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nfor the cash value), $50 Tim Hortons Cards, and food prizes. It launched June 28, 2017 and ran till July 31, 2017 or while supplies lasted. In 2018, Tim Hortons added a digital application, \"\"Scroll Up the Rim\"\", that gives participants an extra chance to win. The prizes are limited to coffee drinks and doughnuts and there are a total of 465,000 prizes available until March 6, 2018. Tim Hortons is popularly known as \"\"Timmies\"\". The ubiquity of Tim Hortons, through the wide expansion of its outlets, makes it a prominent feature of Canadian life; Canadians eat more doughnuts per",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142258",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nand took over as sole owner of the existing chain of forty stores. Joyce expanded the chain quickly and aggressively in both geography and product selection. The 500th store opened in 1991. Ron Joyce's aggressive expansion of the Tim Hortons business resulted in major changes to the Canadian coffee and doughnut restaurant market. Many independent doughnut shops and small chains were driven out of business, while Canada's per-capita ratio of doughnut shops surpassed that of all other countries. The company had originally been incorporated as Tim Donut Limited. By the 1990s, the company name had changed to The TDL Group",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142280",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nlogo in these kiosks will feature Inuktitut characters. According to Nick Javor, senior vice-president of corporate affairs at Tim Hortons, \"\"You could say it's overdue. If we can be in Kandahar, why can't we be in Iqaluit?\"\" In December 2011, Tim Hortons opened its 4000th restaurant. In 2012, Tim Hortons Inc. recorded its total revenues at $3.12 billion (CDN). As of 2012 the company had expanded across Canada. As of June 30, 2013, Tim Hortons has 4,304 restaurants, including 3,802 in Canada, 807 in the United States, 29 in the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Persian Gulf.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142287",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nthe kiosks, closed them in 2012, however Tim Hortons proceeded to open full-service locations in Pittsburgh and surrounding areas in July 2012. At the time of the entry into Pittsburgh, of the four NHL cities Horton played in (Buffalo, New York City, Toronto, and Pittsburgh), Pittsburgh was the only one without a Tim Hortons location, and was also where Horton met his future wife, Lori. 2011 saw Tim Hortons aggressively expanding into the Grand Rapids, Michigan region. In 2012, Tim Hortons began advertising in the Youngstown, Ohio area in anticipation of an eventual expansion into the Mahoning Valley. The closest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142294",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\none in the city of Pozuelo, near Madrid, which is the autonomous community (state). The menu also includes typical Mediterranean drinks apart from the typical drinks of a Tim Hortons. The parent company of Cold Stone Creamery, Kahala, announced in February 2009 that it had reached an agreement with Tim Hortons to open up to 100 co-branded stores in the United States after successfully testing two locations in Rhode Island. The most notable co-branded store opened in August 2009 when Tim Hortons moved into three Cold Stone Creamery locations in New York City, including its flagship Times Square location. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "290099",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\ninterest by the end of 2006. Wendy's cited increased competition between the two chains and Tim Hortons' increasing self-sufficiency as reasons for its decision, but the company had been under shareholder pressure to make such a move because of the strength and profitability of the Tim Hortons brand. Peltz in 2008 acquired Wendy's after pressuring them initially to spin off Tim Hortons. Shares of the company began trading on March 24, 2006, with an initial public offering of C$27 per share, raising over $700 million in the first day of trading. On September 24, 2006, Wendy's spun off the rest",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238939",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nnot fair and not acceptable.\"\" Around 50 demonstrations were held across Canada, including 38 in Ontario, in response to the benefit cuts. The minimum wage controversy hurt the chain's reputation; usually placing in the top 10 of the Leger research poll for the top 10 companies or brands in Canada, Tim Hortons dropped from 4th place in 2017 to 50th in 2018. Tim Hortons Tim Hortons Inc. (known internationally as Tim Hortons Cafe and Bake Shop) is a multinational fast food restaurant known for its coffee and donuts. It is also Canada's largest quick service restaurant chain; as of December",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142291",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\n19 stores in the United Arab Emirates, two in Oman and two in Saudi Arabia. They plan to open up to 120 stores over the next five years in the Persian Gulf area, with a focus on Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. In an effort to expand the company following its 2014 merger with Burger King into Restaurant Brands International, Tim Hortons began expansion in Asia in 2017 citing the increasing demand for coffee and large populations. The first Asian branch was opened in the Philippines on February 28, 2017 at Uptown Mall in Bonifacio Global",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142261",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\noutlets for both brands in the same building in the town of Montague. Murphy invited Joyce and Wendy's chairman Dave Thomas to the grand opening of the \"\"combo store\"\", where the two executives met for the first time and immediately established a rapport. Murphy's success with combining coffee and doughnuts with Wendy's fast food led to August 8, 1995 acquisition of and merger with TDL Group by Wendy's International, Inc., an American company. Joyce became the largest shareholder in Wendy's, even surpassing Thomas. TDL Group continued to operate as a separate subsidiary from its head office in Oakville, Ontario, although",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5807864",
"chunk_text": "\"Timothy's World Coffee\"\ncompany offers a freshness guarantee and other supporting company policies. Since 2015 the Toronto roasting plant was closed and consolidated into the Van Houtte roasting plant in Quebec. In the mid-1990s, Timothy's expanded into the United States, concentrating in New York City. Other stores were located in Boston, Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia. At one point, it was New York City's second-largest coffeehouse chain, after Starbucks. After the September 11 attacks in 2001, the company closed its American operations and the company re-focused on the Canadian market and wholesale business operation. Timothy's opened its first overseas store in Seoul, Republic of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671189",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nwith a rise to $4.15 billion in 2016. Tim Hortons had 683 U.S. locations by the end of 2016, and total annual revenue of US $3.00 billion. In 2018, Tim Hortons became the subject of controversy after the raise of minimum wage in Ontario from $11.60 to $14.00 an hour. Some Tim Hortons franchises in Ontario indicated that employee benefits such as paid breaks and health plan contributions would be cut. In one case, owners posted a memo encouraging employees to contact the Ontario Premier, Kathleen Wynne, and indicate that they \"\"will not vote Liberal in the coming Ontario election",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142296",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nStates. Tim Hortons has outlets located on at least seven Canadian Forces Bases. TDL Group announced in March 2006, in response to a request by Chief of the Defence Staff, General Rick Hillier, its commitment to open a franchised location at the Canadian Forces operations base in Kandahar, Afghanistan. The new Kandahar location opened on July 1, 2006, in a trailer on the military base. The 41 staff members of the Kandahar outlet have been drawn from the Canadian Forces Personnel Support Agency who received training on such matters as how to handle a potential nuclear or biological attack before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238912",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nthe same items even when looking at different locations. However, the pricing may vary since it is a franchise so the cost of each item may be slightly different depending on the owner of the location. Tim Hortons' first stores offered only two products – coffee and doughnuts. Aside from its coffee, tea, hot chocolate, Hortons now serves other types of drinks as well, and in the mid-1990s the chain moved into specialty and premium items such as flavored cappuccino, iced cappuccino, and iced coffee. Originally featuring Pepsi products via fountain machines, the retailer changed in the mid-1990s to Coca-Cola",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6256685",
"chunk_text": "\"Restaurant Brands International\"\nOakville, Miami, and Dunwoody, Georgia, respectively. The 2014 merger focused primarily on expanding the international reach of the Tim Hortons brand, and providing financial efficiencies for both companies. The company is majority-owned by the Brazilian investment company 3G Capital—the previous majority owner of Burger King—holding a 51% stake. The remainder of the company is publicly traded on the New York and Toronto Stock Exchanges, and owned by the prior shareholders of Burger King and Tim Hortons. The deal was approved by Tim Hortons' shareholders on December 9, 2014, and the company began trading on December 15, 2014. In April 2018,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142259",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nLtd. This was an effort by the company to diversify the business, removing the primary emphasis on doughnuts, and continuing the expansion of the menu options as consumer tastes broadened. Some older locations retain signage with the company's name including a possessive apostrophe, despite the fact that the official styling of the company's name has been \"\"Tim Hortons\"\", without an apostrophe, for at least a decade. The company had removed the apostrophe after signs using the apostrophe were interpreted by some to be breaking the language sign laws of the Province of Quebec in 1993. The removal of the apostrophe",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142279",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nexisting US stores. It will also include testing a new café/bake shop concept in at least 10 existing US locations, including \"\"enhanced finishes, fixtures, and seating areas\"\" as well as an expansion of menu offerings. In October 2010, Tim Hortons confirmed that it is planning to open three kiosks at NorthMart stores in Iqaluit, Nunavut, in November 2010, as part of a joint venture with The North West Company, the owners of NorthMart. This opening will make Tim Hortons a fully Canadian operation with stores in every province and territory; the new branch will become its northernmost. The Tim Hortons",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671230",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nand was the rightful recipient of the prize. On April 19, 2006, Tim Hortons announced that they had decided to award the prize to the younger girl who had initially found the cup. During July 2017, to mark Canada's 150th Birthday, Tim Hortons held a special one month \"\"Roll Up The Rim to Win\"\" campaign. The cups were white, with a Maple Leaf in red, and clip-art of fireworks. Losing cups had \"\"HAPPY CANADA 150th / JOYEUX 150e DU CANADA.\"\" instead of the usual \"\"Please Play Again\"\". Prizes included an \"\"Ultimate Canadian Vacation\"\" valued up to $10,000 (or a cheque",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238913",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nproducts. For a time they offered bottled and canned Coca-Cola products, but switched back to bottled and canned Pepsi products in 2007. PepsiCo replaced the Coca-Cola products on United States restaurants in 2011, disappointing similar longtime PepsiCo rival Dunkin' Donuts. Dunkin' Donuts moved to Coca-Cola products only for United States restaurants in April 2012 because of this. Despite an expansion in their food offerings around 2009, the brand remained heavily dependent on coffee sales. In 2009, it was reported that 60% of their sales occur in the morning, and of that more than 50% is coffee. The coffee served is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671192",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nand Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia. TDL Group recorded $1.48 billion in sales in 2005 and Tim Hortons' products have become available in Ireland and Scotland at some SPAR convenience stores as of 2006 and Tesco supermarkets. Tim Hortons' other international expansions include a small outlet at the Dublin Zoo. Tim Hortons also made a deal with the Spar convenience store chain in the UK and Ireland, resulting in Tim Hortons coffee and doughnuts being sold at small self-service counters in 50 Spar stores as of April 30, 2007. It also has a partnership with Tops Markets in the United States.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "290116",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nrestaurant in Canada from Brantford, Ontario. Each restaurant bakes and finishes the product throughout the day. , many of the various muffin batters were being revoked, as frozen, pre-made and pre-wrapped muffins were being introduced at Tim Hortons locations. Tim Hortons switch to a parbaking system disappointed some customers, who noted that it contradicts the chain's \"\"always fresh\"\" slogan. David Swick reported in the \"\"Halifax Daily News\"\" on September 19, 2003, Tim Hortons outlets in Atlantic Canada would no longer serve fresh donuts, but rather donuts that had been remotely factory-fried and then frozen and shipped. In 2008, two franchisees",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142257",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nG. \"\"Tim\"\" Horton, who played in the National Hockey League from 1949 until his death in a traffic collision in 1974. Horton had an initial venture in hamburger restaurants. Soon after Horton opened the store, he met Ron Joyce, a former Hamilton police constable. In 1965, Joyce took over the fledgling Tim Horton Donut Shop on Ottawa Street North in Hamilton. By 1967, after he had opened up two more stores, he and Tim Horton became full partners in the business. Upon Horton's death in an auto crash in 1974, Joyce bought out the Horton family's shares for $1 million",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11713721",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Horton\"\nTim Horton Miles Gilbert \"\"Tim\"\" Horton (January 12, 1930 – February 21, 1974) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He was a defenceman for 24 seasons in the National Hockey League. He died following a single-vehicle crash in 1974, at the age of 44. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, New York Rangers, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Buffalo Sabres. In 2017 Horton was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players in history. Also a successful businessman, Horton was the co-founder of the Tim Hortons restaurant chain. Horton was born in Cochrane, Ontario, at Lady Minto Hospital, to Ethel",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16142286",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nmillion generated by the sale for a stock buyback. In 2010, Tim Hortons opened two kiosks at Consol Energy Center (now known as PPG Paints Arena) in Pittsburgh, partly as a test to eventual expansion into Pittsburgh (their closest locations at that point were in the Wheeling, West Virginia/Steubenville, Ohio area) as well as Pittsburgh Penguins star Sidney Crosby having a longtime sponsorship with the chain as well. In addition, Horton played for the Maple Leafs American Hockey League affiliate, the Pittsburgh Hornets, earlier in his career as well as the Penguins for one season in 1971–72. Aramark, which operated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13606606",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Horton\"\nfor her shares in the chain, which included 40 stores. She accepted his offer and Joyce became sole owner. Years later, Lori became dissatisfied with Joyce's offer, and filed a lawsuit against him. In 1993, Lori lost the lawsuit; an appeal was declined in 1995 and she died in 2000 at age 68. Tim and Lori were survived by four daughters: Jeri-Lyn (Horton-Joyce), Traci (Simone), Kim, and Kelly. Jeri-Lyn married Joyce's son (Ron Jr.) and owns a store in Cobourg, Ontario. Tim Horton Miles Gilbert \"\"Tim\"\" Horton (January 12, 1930 – February 21, 1974) was a Canadian professional ice hockey",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671217",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nand added topings the prices may be +/- a few cents The menu contains a number of other baked goods, such as doughnut holes (branded as Timbits), muffins, croissants, tea biscuits, cookies, rolls, danishes, and bagels. Take-home cakes are offered in some locations. The dutchie is a Canadian doughnut popularized by the Tim Hortons chain. Since the mid-1990s, the chain has moved into other areas beyond donuts and coffee, including specialty and premium items such as New York-style cheesecake, and a lunch selection that includes soups, chili, and submarine-style sandwiches. In fall 2006, the chain began rolling out a breakfast",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1238880",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nHortons Inc. announced that, pending shareholder approval, the chain's operations would be reorganized under a new publicly traded company, also named \"\"Tim Hortons Incorporated,\"\" incorporated under the Canada Business Corporations Act. The change was being made primarily for tax purposes. On September 28, 2009, Tim Hortons Inc. announced it had completed the reorganization of its corporate structure to become a Canadian public company. In November 2010, Tim Hortons extended Interac debit payment system acceptance to most of its stores. The company previously began accepting Interac in its stores in Western Canada in 2003 and, later, MasterCard and MasterCard PayPass across",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20066643",
"chunk_text": "\"Ottawa Street (Hamilton, Ontario)\"\nof water on the south side of Burlington Street between Depew and Ottawa Streets. This event marked the beginning of Procter & Gamble's operations outside of the United States. In 1914, construction started on the Procter & Gamble Hamilton plant, which cost $1 million and consisted of seven buildings: the Crisco building, the boiler house, the gas plant, the soap building, the hardening plant, the kettle and glycerin house, and the machine shop. By 1915, Procter & Gamble officially opens Hamilton plant, employing 75 workers who made six different products. The Tim Hortons chain was founded in Hamilton in 1964.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7691765",
"chunk_text": "\"Cold Stone Creamery\"\nin Rhode Island. The strategic alliance was intended to pave the way for Tim Hortons to operate in more US locations while allowing Cold Stone Creamery to expand into Canada. The most notable co-branded store opened in August 2009 when Tim Hortons moved into three Cold Stone Creamery locations in New York City, including its flagship Times Square location. In June 2009, Cold Stone Creamery started testing the Canadian market by opening seven co-branded locations with Tim Hortons in Toronto, Oakville, Mississauga, Hamilton, Pickering, Sudbury, and Halifax, Nova Scotia. They had locations in every Canadian province except for Newfoundland and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "290118",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nbe 11 or 12 cents (and each Timbit 4.6 cents). The case was dismissed in February 2012. A 2009 \"\"New York Times\"\" article contrasted the baked from scratch at stores approach of Krispy Kreme and some Dunkin' Donuts locations compared to the \"\"flash frozen\"\" and shipped Tim Hortons method. The \"\"Times\"\" article also noted an apparent scarcity of doughnut specialties such as the dutchie at newly opened Tim Hortons stores in New York City. Noting that \"\"American visitors tend to flock to the sweets\"\", including the \"\"raisin-studded Dutchie\"\", the \"\"Times\"\" found redemption among Canadians that the brand was once again",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671225",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\nthe NOM was an organization that campaigns against gay marriage. The company stated the sponsorship was a violation of the company's policy not to sponsor events \"\"representing religious groups, political affiliates or lobby groups.\"\" On July 12, 2013, it was announced that Tim Hortons had acquired the naming rights to the new stadium being built in Hamilton, Ontario. The new stadium took on the name of Tim Hortons Field. It became the home stadium of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 2014. The corporate-sponsored stadium name was not used during the 2015 Pan American Games, when the stadium hosted soccer matches. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10671215",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\na blend of 100% arabica beans. The \"\"original blend\"\" is a medium, balanced roast that is the most popular served coffee in Canada. The chain has an \"\"always fresh\"\" policy where coffee is served within 20 minutes of brewing. In November 2011, the company announced that they would be adding espresso machines in 1,000 of their locations, later that month. Lattes were added to Ontario stores on November 14, 2011. In February 2012, they offered a new beverage, White Hot Chocolate, in select branches. On April 16, 2012, the brand launched frozen lemonade, in two flavours: original and raspberry. In",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "290120",
"chunk_text": "\"Tim Hortons\"\ncurling championships, along with the Canadian Ringette Championships. Resultant sponsored events include the Tim Hortons Brier Shot of the Week Award, 2013 Tim Hortons Brier, 2016 Tim Hortons Brier, and the 2014 Tim Hortons Brier among other years. Shortly before December 2007, they discontinued their gift certificates, and replaced them with the Quickpay Tim Card, with the Christmas slogan \"\"Because it's hard to wrap a double double\"\" (coffee with two sugars and two cream). Many locations still accept gift certificates, however. In September 2006, Tim Hortons courted controversy by mandating that employees were not to wear red as part of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_691
|
who sang the original scooby doo theme song?
|
n/a
|
[
"Larry Marks"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1202624",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nas Fred, actress Nicole Jaffe as Velma, and musician Indira Stefanianna Christopherson as Daphne. Scooby's speech patterns closely resembled an earlier cartoon dog, Astro from \"\"The Jetsons\"\" (1962–63), also voiced by Messick. Seventeen episodes of \"\"Scooby-Doo Where are You!\"\" were produced in 1969–70. The series theme song was written by David Mook and Ben Raleigh, and performed by Larry Marks. Each of these episodes features Scooby and the four teenage members of Mystery, Inc.—Fred, Shaggy, Daphne and Velma—arriving at a location in the Mystery Machine, a van painted with psychedelic colors and flower power imagery. Encountering a ghost, monster, or",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (character)\"\nScooby-Doo (character) Scoobert \"\"Scooby\"\" Doo is the eponymous character and protagonist of the animated television franchise of the same name created in 1969 by the American animation company Hanna-Barbera. Scooby-Doo is a male Great Dane and lifelong companion of amateur detective Shaggy Rogers, with whom he shares many personality traits. Named after a nonsense vocal line in Frank Sinatra's hit song \"\"Strangers in the Night\"\", he features a mix of both canine and human behaviors (reminiscent of other funny animals in the Golden age of American animation), treated by his friends more or less as an equal while speaking in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (character)\"\nwould be renamed \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" by Fred Silverman, CBS's head of daytime programming, between its unsuccessful first pitch and a second pitch which earned the show a green light. Silverman came up with the name from the syllables \"\"doo-be-doo-be-doo\"\" in Frank Sinatra's hit song \"\"Strangers in the Night\"\". Taking notes from a Hanna-Barbera colleague who was also a breeder of Great Danes, Production designer Iwao Takamoto designed the Scooby-Doo character with a sloping chin, spots, a long tail, a sloped back, and bow legs – all traits in direct opposition to those of a prize-winning purebred Great Dane. In defining the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (character)\"\nto people. Scooby is vulnerable and lovable and not brave, and very much like the kids who watch. But like kids, he likes to think that he's brave.\"\" Scooby-Doo (character) Scoobert \"\"Scooby\"\" Doo is the eponymous character and protagonist of the animated television franchise of the same name created in 1969 by the American animation company Hanna-Barbera. Scooby-Doo is a male Great Dane and lifelong companion of amateur detective Shaggy Rogers, with whom he shares many personality traits. Named after a nonsense vocal line in Frank Sinatra's hit song \"\"Strangers in the Night\"\", he features a mix of both canine",
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"chunk_id": "241974",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo! Classic Creep Capers\"\nof the characters, which had previously only been seen in 2D form on television. Although backgrounds on the series were simple, the developers used highly detailed environments for the game, while ensuring that they still looked like settings from the series. Scott Innes, who was voice actor for Scooby and Shaggy at that time, provided his voice for the characters in the game. The original theme song from \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" was recreated for the game. The rest of the game's music meant to be similar to music from the series was created exclusively for the game. Because violence",
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"chunk_text": "\"A Pup Named Scooby-Doo\"\nthe characters' dance cycles himself). The show's theme song featured lyrics by series creator Tom Ruegger and music by composer John Debney also bore a similarity to the \"\"Intro Song\"\" from \"\"Little Shop of Horrors\"\", which had recently been adapted into a successful feature film. The music is almost always in a 1950s rock and roll style, possibly to indicate their younger age, as the original show took place in 1969. Warner Home Video initially released all 27 episodes of \"\"A Pup Named Scooby-Doo\"\" on DVD in Region 1 in seven volume sets. They subsequently re-released the entire series in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\nRoberts, and were performed by Roberts, who also made a new recording of the \"\"Scooby Doo, Where Are You!\"\" theme song for the second season. The series' theme song has been covered by several subsequent artists, including Matthew Sweet for the 1995 TV special and album \"\"\"\"; Third Eye Blind for the 1998 film \"\"Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island\"\"; Billy Ray Cyrus for \"\"Scooby-Doo! and the Witch's Ghost\"\" (1999); Jennifer Love Hewitt for \"\"Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders\"\" (2000); the B-52's (Cindy, Kate and Fred) for \"\"Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase\"\" (2001); MxPx for the live-action \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" film (2002); and Krystal",
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"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nScooby-Doo Scooby-Doo is an American animated franchise, comprising many animated television series produced from 1969 to the present day. Writers Joe Ruby and Ken Spears created the original series, \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\", for Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1969. This Saturday-morning cartoon series featured four teenagers—Fred Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, and Norville \"\"Shaggy\"\" Rogers—and their talking brown Great Dane named Scooby-Doo, who solve mysteries involving supposedly supernatural creatures through a series of antics and missteps. Following the success of the original series, Hanna-Barbera and its successor Warner Bros. Animation have produced numerous follow-up and spin-off animated series and several related",
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"chunk_text": "\"Ben Raleigh\"\nI Love Her\"\" reached No.1 in the UK in 1960. \"\"Laughing on the Outside (Crying on the Inside)\"\" peaked at No.3 in the United States in 1946. Raleigh composed the theme song to \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" with David Mook. Hanna-Barbera attempted to buy him out, but he declined and chose a royalty instead. He died in a kitchen fire in his home in Los Angeles in 1997. Ben Raleigh Ben Raleigh (June 16, 1913, New York – February 26, 1997, Hollywood) was an American lyricist and composer responsible for a number of major hits, including \"\"Dungaree Doll\"\", \"\"Wonderful! Wonderful!\"\",",
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"chunk_text": "\"Austin Roberts (singer)\"\nvoice is easily recognizable as the singer of the theme song (and most used version) to the second season of the animated series, \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" as well as the season 2 \"\"chase songs,\"\" many of which he also composed. In 1972 he sang the hit \"\"Something's Wrong With Me\"\", written by Danny Janssen and Bobby Hart, which reached No. 12 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1972. \"\"Keep on Singing\"\", later a #15 single for Helen Reddy on 27 April 1974, was another important hit for Roberts, reaching #50 on the Hot 100 on 17 March 1973. \"\"Rocky\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "12759847",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island\"\nWarner Bros. Television Animation building in 1998), whom would then go on to produce all subsequent Scooby-Doo direct-to-video movies (though still copyrighted to Hanna-Barbera). Composer Steven Bramson, who is known for \"\"Tiny Toon Adventures\"\", \"\"JAG\"\" and the \"\"Lost in Space\"\" film, wrote all the music for the feature. The soundtrack for the film features three songs composed specifically for the film. \"\"The Ghost Is Here\"\" and \"\"It's Terror Time Again\"\", both written by Glenn Leopold, were performed by Skycycle. The title track, \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\", was performed by Third Eye Blind. The film was animated and is presented in",
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"chunk_id": "12913486",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nI would have gotten away with it, too, if it hadn't been for you meddling kids!\"\" Scheduled opposite another teenage mystery-solving show, ABC's \"\"The Hardy Boys\"\", \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" became a ratings success, with Nielsen ratings reporting that as many as 65% of Saturday morning audiences were tuned in to CBS when \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" was being broadcast. The show was renewed for a second season in 1970, for which eight episodes were produced. Seven of the second-season episodes featured chase sequences set to bubblegum pop songs recorded by Austin Roberts, who also re-recorded the theme song for this season. With Stefanianna Christopherson having",
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"chunk_id": "1729591",
"chunk_text": "\"What's New, Scooby-Doo?\"\ncharacters utilize technology that did not exist at the time \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" first aired. It is the first television series in the franchise in which Frank Welker, Grey DeLisle and Mindy Cohn respectively portrayed the voices of Scooby-Doo, Daphne and Velma, as well as the final one in which Casey Kasem portrayed Shaggy, having originally quit the role following a dispute regarding the portrayal of the character. The series premiered on September 14, 2002, and ran for three seasons before ending on July 21, 2006. The title song was performed by Canadian band Simple Plan. Reruns of the",
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"chunk_text": "\"Shaggy (musician)\"\nAlong with financial assistance to the hospital, he donated machinery and hospital equipment. Grammy Awards American Music Awards Golden Raspberry Awards Shaggy (musician) Orville Richard Burrell (born October 22, 1968), better known by his stage name Shaggy, is a Jamaican musician, singer, DJ and former United States Marine. He is best known for his hit singles \"\"Oh Carolina\"\", \"\"Boombastic\"\", \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\", and \"\"Angel\"\". He took his stage name from the character Shaggy, from the popular children's TV show \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\". Burrell was born on October 22, 1968, in Kingston, Jamaica. In 1987, he took singing courses and was discovered a",
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"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\n\"\"Jabberjaw\"\" (1976–78), \"\"Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels\"\" (1977–80), among others. In 1972, new one-hour episodes under the title \"\"The New Scooby-Doo Movies\"\" were created; each episode featuring a real or fictitious guest star helping the gang solve mysteries, including characters from other Hanna-Barbera series such as \"\"Harlem Globetrotters\"\", \"\"Josie and the Pussycats\"\" and \"\"Speed Buggy\"\", the comic book characters Batman and Robin (later adapted into their own Hanna-Barbera series, \"\"Super Friends\"\", a year later), and celebrities such as Sandy Duncan, The Addams Family, Cass Elliot, Phyllis Diller, Don Knotts and The Three Stooges. Hanna-Barbera musical director Hoyt Curtin composed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "7228417",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (film)\"\nsaid that the \"\"best part of making this movie was being part of an institution, something that has been in people's childhoods and is something that means a lot to a lot of people.\"\" Cardellini was also a fan of the \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" series. The film's score was composed by David Newman. A soundtrack was released on June 4, 2002, by Atlantic Records. It peaked at number 24 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and 49 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Shaggy performs the theme song from \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\", which was retitled \"\"Shaggy, Where Are You?\"\". A video game based upon",
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"chunk_text": "\"Shaggy (musician)\"\nShaggy (musician) Orville Richard Burrell (born October 22, 1968), better known by his stage name Shaggy, is a Jamaican musician, singer, DJ and former United States Marine. He is best known for his hit singles \"\"Oh Carolina\"\", \"\"Boombastic\"\", \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\", and \"\"Angel\"\". He took his stage name from the character Shaggy, from the popular children's TV show \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\". Burrell was born on October 22, 1968, in Kingston, Jamaica. In 1987, he took singing courses and was discovered a year later, while singing in the streets with friends. His son Richard O'Neil Burrell is a rapper known as Robb Banks.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "1202631",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\na new theme song for this series, and Curtin's theme would remain in use for much of \"\"Scooby-Doo's\"\" original broadcast run. After two seasons and 24 episodes of the \"\"New Movies\"\" format from 1972 to 1974, CBS began airing reruns of the original \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where are You!\"\" series until its option on the series ran out in 1976. Now president of ABC, Fred Silverman made a deal with Hanna-Barbera to bring new episodes of \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" to the ABC Saturday morning lineup, where the show went through almost yearly lineup changes. For their 1976–77 season, 16 new episodes of Scooby-Doo were",
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"chunk_id": "13436",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The Ultimate Collection\"\nScooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The Ultimate Collection Scooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The Ultimate Collection is the first and only soundtrack to the popular Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon franchise, \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\". The soundtrack consist of songs and theme songs from the incarnations produced from 1969 to 1985, from \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" to \"\"The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo\"\". Three songs, \"\"Move Over\"\", \"\"Ruby Cool Guy\"\" and \"\"Gotta Have Time\"\", were taken from the 1979 animated telefilm, \"\"Scooby Goes Hollywood\"\". A bonus track, called \"\"Scooby's Mystery Mix\"\", takes a majority of the sound bites included on the soundtrack as a musical mix. The sound bites",
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"chunk_id": "1202622",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nCBS president Frank Stanton felt that the presentation artwork was too scary for young viewers and, thinking the show would be the same, decided to pass on it. Now without a centerpiece for the upcoming season's programming, Silverman had Ruby, Spears, and the Hanna-Barbera staff revise the treatments and presentation materials to tone down the show and better reflect its comedy elements. The rock band element was dropped, and more attention was focused upon Shaggy and Too Much. According to Ruby and Spears, Silverman was inspired by Frank Sinatra's scat \"\"doo-be-doo-be-doo\"\" at the end of his recording of \"\"Strangers in",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (character)\"\npersonality of the dog, Ruby and Spears looked for inspiration to the characters played by Bob Hope in his horror-comedies – a coward who shows traits of bravery when his friends are in danger. Veteran H-B voice artist Don Messick was the original voice of Scooby and spent decades working on the character. \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" premiered on CBS on September 13, 1969, at 10:30 am. EST and ran for two seasons, for a total of 25 episodes. Its final first-run episode aired on October 31, 1970. In most incarnations of the series, Scooby is regarded as a unique",
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"chunk_text": "\"What's New, Scooby-Doo?\"\nconnected to \"\"What's New, Scooby-Doo?\"\". They perform the theme song (written by Rich Dickerson), and appeared as themselves in the episode \"\"Simple Plan and the Invisible Madman\"\". Two of their songs appeared in chase scenes: \"\"I'd Do Anything\"\" in the episode \"\"It's Mean, It's Green, It's the Mystery Machine\"\" and \"\"You Don't Mean Anything\"\" in \"\"Simple Plan and the Invisible Madman\"\", which also had the song \"\"The Worst Day Ever\"\" serve as the song the band plays during a scene where they practice, and a scene where they are in concert. Also, they contributed to the theatrical movie \"\"\"\". \"\"What's",
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"chunk_id": "1202623",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nthe Night\"\" on a flight to one of the development meetings, and decided to rename the dog \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" and re-rechristen the show \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" The revised show was re-presented to CBS executives, who approved it for production. The first episode of \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" \"\"What a Night for a Knight\"\" debuted on the CBS network Saturday, September 13, 1969. The original voice cast featured veteran voice actor Don Messick as Scooby-Doo, radio DJ Casey Kasem (later host of radio's syndicated \"\"American Top 40\"\") as Shaggy, actor Frank Welker (later a veteran voice actor in his own right)",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nmusical numbers The Archies performed during each program (one of which, \"\"Sugar, Sugar\"\", was the most successful \"\"Billboard\"\" number-one hit of 1969). Eager to build upon this success, Silverman contacted producers William Hanna and Joseph Barbera about creating another show based on a teenage rock group, this time featuring teens who solved mysteries between gigs. Silverman envisioned the show as a cross between the popular \"\"I Love a Mystery\"\" radio serials of the 1940s and either the Archie characters or the popular early 1960s television series \"\"The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis\"\". After attempting to develop his own version of",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (film)\"\nand around Queensland on a budget of $84 million. The film was released on June 14, 2002, and grossed $275 million worldwide. Reggae artist Shaggy and rock group MxPx performed different versions of the \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" theme song. The Scooby-Doo Spooky Coaster, a ride based on the film, was built in Warner Bros. Movie World in Gold Coast, Australia in 2003. This is the last time William Hanna served as the executive producer before his death on . A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released in March 2004. The members of Mystery, Inc. solve the case of the Luna Ghost",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "17766184",
"chunk_text": "\"Hoyt Curtin\"\nMGM in 1957. He was the composer of many of the Hanna-Barbera cartoons' popular theme songs, including \"\"The Flintstones\"\" until 1981, \"\"Top Cat\"\", \"\"The Jetsons\"\", \"\"Jonny Quest\"\", \"\"Superfriends\"\", \"\"Josie and the Pussycats\"\", \"\"The Smurfs\"\" and \"\"The New Scooby-Doo Movies\"\" and all its spinoffs until 1986. Beginning in 1960, Curtin also composed many of the stock tunes used as incidental music in the various Hanna-Barbera series, along with the jingle heard underneath Hanna-Barbera's closing logo in 1979. He also was the composer for the 1960 animated series \"\"Q.T. Hush\"\", one of the first cartoons to appear in color. He also composed",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "16357113",
"chunk_text": "\"Casey Kasem\"\nCasey Kasem Kemal Amin \"\"Casey\"\" Kasem (April 27, 1932 – June 15, 2014) was an American disc jockey, music historian, radio personality, voice actor and actor. He was the host of several music radio countdown programs, notably \"\"American Top 40\"\" from 1970 until his retirement in 2009. He also provided the voice of Norville \"\"Shaggy\"\" Rogers in the \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" franchise from 1969 to 1997, and again from 2002 until 2009. Kasem co-founded the \"\"American Top 40\"\" franchise in 1970, hosting it from its inception to 1988, and again from 1998 to 2004. Between January 1989 and early 1998, he was",
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"chunk_text": "\"Spider-Man (theme song)\"\nSpider-Man (theme song) \"\"Spider-Man\"\" is the theme song of the 1967 cartoon show \"\"Spider-Man\"\", composed by Paul Francis Webster and Robert \"\"Bob\"\" Harris. The original song was recorded at RCA Studios in Toronto (where the cartoon was also produced) featuring 12 CBC vocalists (members of the Billy Van Singers, and Laurie Bower Singers groups) who added to the musical backing track supplied by RCA Studios, New York. The singers were paid only for the session and have had no residuals from its use since then. A long-standing rumor claimed that the bassline for the Spider-Man theme was performed by jazz",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "16357140",
"chunk_text": "\"Casey Kasem\"\nAward. In 2003, Kasem was given the Radio Icon award at the Radio Music Awards. Casey Kasem Kemal Amin \"\"Casey\"\" Kasem (April 27, 1932 – June 15, 2014) was an American disc jockey, music historian, radio personality, voice actor and actor. He was the host of several music radio countdown programs, notably \"\"American Top 40\"\" from 1970 until his retirement in 2009. He also provided the voice of Norville \"\"Shaggy\"\" Rogers in the \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" franchise from 1969 to 1997, and again from 2002 until 2009. Kasem co-founded the \"\"American Top 40\"\" franchise in 1970, hosting it from its inception to",
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"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins\"\nKiyoko as Velma and Nick Palatas as Shaggy. Scooby-Doo was created using computer-generated imagery and his voice is provided by Frank Welker, who also was a cast member of the animated series, \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" and \"\"The Scooby-Doo Show\"\", providing the voice of Fred. The music is scored by Academy Award-nominee David Newman, who had previously scored the theatrical films \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" (2002) and \"\"\"\" (2004). The film is dedicated to Lorena Gale, who died during production. Its sequel, \"\"Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster\"\", was released on October 16, 2010. In Coolsville, Ohio, four teenagers are accidentally involved in",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Me and My Shadow\"\nthen by Brother Justin. The song is parodied in \"\"The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo\"\" episode, \"\"Me and My Shadow Demon,\"\" in which the main characters, Scooby and Shaggy, fool a crowd of monsters with a musical number. In 1998 it was included on the soundtrack, \"\"\"\". The song is performed by Pardon-Me-Pete the Groundhog (voiced by Buddy Hackett) in the 1979 Rankin/Bass television special Jack Frost (TV special). Performed by Ted Lewis and Eddie Chester in Abbott and Costello's \"\"Hold That Ghost' (1941).\"\" The song is performed by Frank Sinatra and Sammy Davis, Jr. in a commercial for the game",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "1202615",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nworks, including television specials and made-for-TV movies, a line of direct-to-video films, and two Warner Bros.–produced theatrical feature films. Some versions of \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" feature different variations on the show's supernatural theme, and include characters such as Scooby's cousin Scooby-Dum and nephew Scrappy-Doo in addition to or instead of some of the original characters. \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1975, when it moved to ABC. ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986, and presented a spin-off featuring the characters as children, \"\"A Pup Named Scooby-Doo\"\", from 1988 until 1991. New \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" series aired as part",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "19562477",
"chunk_text": "\"Angel (Shaggy song)\"\nAngel (Shaggy song) \"\"Angel\"\" is a song by Jamaican reggae artist Shaggy featuring Rayvon. It was the follow-up to Shaggy's international number-one hit \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\", released in late 2000. \"\"Angel\"\" proved to be almost as successful, reaching number one in many countries, including Australia, Germany, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The song uses the bass line from \"\"The Joker\"\" by Steve Miller (1973). The chorus melody is from \"\"Angel of the Morning\"\", originally written and composed by Chip Taylor, that has been recorded numerous times and has been a hit single for various artists including Merrilee",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Theme music\"\nTop 5, 1976); the theme to \"\"Laverne & Shirley\"\", performed by Cyndi Grecco (#25, 1976); the theme to \"\"Friends\"\", \"\"I'll Be There For You\"\", which was a hit for The Rembrandts; the theme from \"\"S.W.A.T.\"\", which was a hit for Rhythm Heritage, the theme song from \"\"Pokémon\"\" (known as \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\" in the \"\"2.B.A. Master\"\" soundtrack), which is a long time hit for Jason Paige, and the theme song from \"\"Drake & Josh\"\", \"\"Found a Way\"\", which was a hit for Drake Bell. The theme song from \"\"iCarly\"\", \"\"Leave It All To Me\"\", was a hit for Miranda Cosgrove and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"Shaggy (musician)\"\nsingle \"\"Hey Sexy Lady\"\". Shaggy re-made the Scooby-Doo theme song on the soundtrack titled \"\"Shaggy, Where Are You?\"\". Shaggy also recorded the theme for the 2002 movie \"\"Showtime\"\". Shaggy's last top 40 single in the United States was \"\"Angel\"\" from the album \"\"Hot Shot\"\". On March 11, 2002 Shaggy and Ali G released \"\"Me Julie\"\" from the soundtrack to the film \"\"Ali G Indahouse\"\". The song sold 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom, as stated by the Official Charts Company. It spent 14 weeks on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number two. Shaggy was featured on the album \"\"True",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2287822",
"chunk_text": "\"Randy Van Horne\"\nRandy Van Horne Randy Van Horne (February 10, 1924 – September 26, 2007) was an American singer and musician. Van Horne's musical group, the Randy Van Horne Singers, performed the theme songs for many classic Hanna-Barbera cartoons including \"\"The Flintstones\"\", \"\"Top Cat\"\", \"\"The Jetsons\"\", and \"\"The Huckleberry Hound Show\"\". Randy Van Horne was born on February 10, 1924, in El Paso, Texas. Van Horne dropped out of high school during World War II and enlisted in the United States Army. He returned to school after the war and attended the Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, Maryland, and the University",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20086752",
"chunk_text": "\"The New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show\"\nto the series in the episode \"\"Happy Birthday, Scooby-Doo,\"\" although later in the same episode it is corrected as \"\"Jones\"\"; Rogers had been established as Shaggy's surname the previous season. \"\"The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries\"\" theme song is performed in the style of \"\"Thriller\"\"-era Michael Jackson. The accompanying opening credits feature shots of a row of monsters dancing like the zombies in Jackson's \"\"Thriller\"\" music video. While no plans for a complete season have been announced, Warner Home Video has begun releasing the episodes in new Scooby-Doo compilation sets. \"\"A Halloween Hassle at Dracula's Castle\"\" was announced for release on 13",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12616577",
"chunk_text": "\"Andrew McCrorie-Shand\"\nAndrew McCrorie-Shand Andrew William John McCrorie-Shand (born 14 May 1955) is a British composer. He is mostly known for having composed musical scores for children’s television programmes, including the original theme tune for \"\"Teletubbies\"\", and also the chart topping hit that followed it, \"\"Teletubbies say \"\"Eh-oh!\"\"\"\". Andrew has also composed the music for \"\"Rosie and Jim\"\", \"\"Brum\"\" and \"\"Tots TV\"\". He was born in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire into a musical family and taught to play piano from age 5. McCrorie-Shand joined the mid-1970s progressive rock band Druid as the keyboardist for the band's two studio albums on EMI Records. He later",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5962931",
"chunk_text": "\"Colossus Records\"\nColossus Records Colossus Records was an American record label founded in 1969 by Jerry Ross, who had also founded Heritage Records the year before. Like Heritage, Colossus was distributed by MGM Records. It released a number of hits by Dutch groups such as The Shocking Blue, the George Baker Selection, and Tee Set, and by Crystal Mansion. It also released an album in 1970 called \"\"DANKS\"\", a male/female duet which featured Stefanianna Christopherson, then best known for her voice work on \"\"Here Comes The Grump\"\" and \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You?\"\". The Chicago horn band The Mob released their first album",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18838331",
"chunk_text": "\"Colossus Records\"\nunder the guidance of Jerry Ross in 1970. Colossus Records closed in 1971. Colossus Records Colossus Records was an American record label founded in 1969 by Jerry Ross, who had also founded Heritage Records the year before. Like Heritage, Colossus was distributed by MGM Records. It released a number of hits by Dutch groups such as The Shocking Blue, the George Baker Selection, and Tee Set, and by Crystal Mansion. It also released an album in 1970 called \"\"DANKS\"\", a male/female duet which featured Stefanianna Christopherson, then best known for her voice work on \"\"Here Comes The Grump\"\" and \"\"Scooby-Doo,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "845543",
"chunk_text": "\"Weird Science (song)\"\nWeird Science (song) \"\"Weird Science\"\" is a song by Oingo Boingo. Written by frontman Danny Elfman, it is the theme song to the \"\"Weird Science\"\" film and television series. It was released on the film's soundtrack, as well as Oingo Boingo's 1985 album, \"\"Dead Man's Party\"\", as a longer mix. The song reached #45 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, and #21 on the US Dance Club Charts. The song was written spontaneously by Elfman in the car, while driving home to Los Angeles, after a phone call from director John Hughes asking him to write a song for his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16148534",
"chunk_text": "\"The Scofflaws\"\nanthems such as \"\"Rudy's Back\"\" and \"\"Paul Getty\"\". In 1988, they sold the New Bohemians name to Geffen Records (who had just signed Edie Brickell & New Bohemians), and regrouped as the Scofflaws. The Scofflaws early sound was characterized by strong R&B and jazz influences as well as eclectic covers of such songs as Henry Mancini's \"\"A Shot in the Dark\"\", Danny Elfman's theme for \"\"Pee-wee's Big Adventure\"\", Sergio Leone's \"\"The Good, the Bad and the Ugly\"\" theme and the Skatalites instrumental \"\"Ska-La Parisian\"\". Original songs like \"\"Ska-La-Carte\"\", \"\"Nude Beach\"\" and \"\"William Shatner\"\" became cult favorites due to the offbeat",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12479989",
"chunk_text": "\"Weird Science (song)\"\nfor the 2005 tribute album, \"\"\"\". The song is used as the theme song for The Mad Scientist monster truck, which is sponsored by VP Racing Fuels and driven by Lee O'Donnell. Weird Science (song) \"\"Weird Science\"\" is a song by Oingo Boingo. Written by frontman Danny Elfman, it is the theme song to the \"\"Weird Science\"\" film and television series. It was released on the film's soundtrack, as well as Oingo Boingo's 1985 album, \"\"Dead Man's Party\"\", as a longer mix. The song reached #45 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, and #21 on the US Dance Club Charts.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20037169",
"chunk_text": "\"Indira Stefanianna\"\nIndira Stefanianna Indira Stefanianna (born Indira Stefanianna Christopherson; December 15, 1946), also credited as Indira Danks, Stefanianna Christopherson, and Indira Stefanianna, is an American singer and actress of Icelandic heritage, perhaps best known for her role as the original voice of Daphne Blake on \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" during its first (1969) season. Christopherson was born and raised in San Francisco, California, the daughter of Lorne Christopherson, who was from Manitoba, and her mother, Hrafnhildur (née Snorradóttir), who was born in Iceland. She and her mother would sing nursery rhymes together when Christopherson was a little girl, and she aspired",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9871710",
"chunk_text": "Scooby-Doo\nthe show, called \"\"House of Mystery\"\", Barbera, who developed and sold Hanna-Barbera shows while Hanna produced them, passed the task along to storywriters Joe Ruby and Ken Spears, as well as artist/character designer Iwao Takamoto. Their treatment, based in part on \"\"The Archie Show\"\", was titled \"\"Mysteries Five\"\" and featured five teenagers: Geoff, Mike, Kelly, Linda, and Linda's brother W.W., along with their bongo-playing dog, Too Much, who collectively formed the band Mysteries Five. When The Mysteries Five were not performing at gigs, they were out solving spooky mysteries involving ghosts, zombies, and other supernatural creatures. Ruby and Spears were",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12425300",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo (character)\"\nseries and movies. Scooby has a speech impediment and tends to pronounce most words as if they begin with an \"\"R\"\"; however, most characters are able to understand him almost perfectly. In most iterations, he keeps his sentences relatively short, usually using charades for anything longer than three or four words. His catchphrase, usually howled at the end of every production, is \"\"Scooby-Dooby-Doo!\"\" or \"\"Rooby-Rooby-Roo\"\". Scooby was voiced by Don Messick through \"\"Arabian Nights\"\" in 1994, after which point Messick quit smoking; quitting smoking changed his voice and prevented him from achieving the same raspy vocal effect (despite Messick's efforts,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18645361",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby Goes Hollywood\"\nScooby Goes Hollywood Scooby Goes Hollywood (later released on home video as Scooby-Doo Goes Hollywood) is a 1979 television special starring the cast of Hanna-Barbera's Saturday-morning cartoon series \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\". It was originally broadcast on ABC on December 23, 1979. A musical-based parody of both the \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" formula and of Hollywood in general, the story line centered on Shaggy convincing Scooby that both of them deserve better than being stars in what he considers a low-class Saturday morning show, and attempts to pitch a number of potential prime-time shows to network executive \"\"C.J.\"\" (voiced by Rip Taylor), all of which are",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1357787",
"chunk_text": "\"Theme music\"\nuses orchestra scores or original music set mood for the show, such as the \"\"\"\" theme song, which was drawn from the theme for the 1989 \"\"Batman\"\" film created by Danny Elfman and sets the mood for the cartoon. Another example is Ron Grainer's theme music for \"\"Doctor Who\"\". Other shows use remixes or covers of older songs, such as the theme song of \"\"Spider-Man: The Animated Series\"\" (1994–1998), which featured a reworked cover of the theme song from the classic Spider-Man cartoon from the 1960s. The song was performed by Aerosmith lead guitarist Joe Perry. In the early years",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20640717",
"chunk_text": "\"The Scooby-Doo Show\"\nin the United Kingdom until 2015. Like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contained a laugh track created by the studio. When television executive Fred Silverman moved from CBS to ABC in 1975, the \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" gang followed him, making their ABC debut in 1976 as part of \"\"The Scooby-Doo/Dynomutt Hour\"\". This hour-long package show featured 16 new half-hour adventures in the original \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" format, with Scooby's country cousin, the Mortimer Snerd-inspired Scooby-Dum joining the gang as a semi-regular character. In addition, Pat Stevens replaced Nicole Jaffe as the voice of Velma. The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13438",
"chunk_text": "\"Scooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The Ultimate Collection\"\nthe soundtrack. He praised the songs from the \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\" (1969-1970) series stating that the songs are \"\"pleasantly kitschy bubblegum confections\"\". Ankeny stated that the inclusion of later theme songs were \"\"far less engaging\"\" and that the songs by Jerry Reed and Davy Jones, as well as the song \"\"Me and My Shadow\"\", ranged \"\"from the harmless to the tedious\"\" and that the bonus remix, \"\"Scooby's Mystery Mix\"\", was \"\"a lame techno remix.\"\" The album was rated three out of five stars. Credits for \"\"Scooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The Ultimate Collection\"\" were adapted from \"\"Allmusic\"\". Scooby-Doo's Snack Tracks: The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_692
|
who has won the most superbowls as a player?
|
n/a
|
[
"Charles Haley",
"Neal Dahlen",
"Bill Belichick",
"Tom Brady"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204093",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nconference champions to determine the NFL's league champion. Currently, the National Football Conference leads the league with 27 wins to 25 wins for the American Football Conference. The Pittsburgh Steelers have the most Super Bowl championship titles, with six. The New England Patriots have the most Super Bowl appearances, with ten. Charles Haley and Tom Brady both have five Super Bowl rings, which is the record for the most rings won by a single player. The day on which the Super Bowl is played, now considered by some as an unofficial American national holiday, is called \"\"Super Bowl Sunday\"\". It",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15817627",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Brady\"\nTom Brady Thomas \"\"Tom\"\" Edward Patrick Brady Jr. (born August 3, 1977) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He is one of only two players in NFL history to have won five Super Bowls (along with defensive player Charles Haley), and he is the only player to have won them all with a single franchise. Because of his numerous accomplishments and accolades, many analysts and sportswriters consider Brady to be among the greatest quarterbacks of all time. After playing college football for the University of Michigan, Brady was drafted by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15905621",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Haley\"\nCharles Haley Charles Lewis Haley (born January 6, 1964) is a former American football linebacker and defensive end who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the San Francisco 49ers (1986–1991, 1998–1999) and the Dallas Cowboys (1992–1996). A versatile defensive player, Haley began his career as a specialty outside linebacker, eventually progressing to pass-rusher and finally full-fledged defensive end. He is the first five-time Super Bowl champion, and is one of only two such players, the other being Tom Brady. He won two Super Bowls with the 49ers (XXIII, XXIV) and three with the Cowboys (XXVII, XXVIII, XXX); he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204116",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nmade their mark reaching the Super Bowl for a record four consecutive years, only to lose all four. After Super Bowl championships by division rivals New York (1990) and Washington (1991), the Cowboys won three of the next four Super Bowls (XXVII, XXVIII, and XXX) led by quarterback Troy Aikman, running back Emmitt Smith, and wide receiver Michael Irvin. All three of these players went to the Hall of Fame. The Cowboys' streak was interrupted by the 49ers, who won their league-leading fifth title overall with Super Bowl XXIX in dominating fashion under Super Bowl MVP and Hall of Fame",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9528730",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Woicik\"\nMike Woicik Mike Woicik (born September 26, 1956) is an American football strength and conditioning coach for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He holds the record for second-most Super Bowl rings won by a coach (behind Bill Belichick) with six, winning three with the Cowboys and three with the New England Patriots. Woicik has also authored a book \"\"Total Conditioning for Football: The Syracuse Way\"\" (1985). Woicik graduated from Westwood High School in Westwood, Massachusetts before attending Boston College where he earned a bachelor's degree in history. He then went to Springfield College to receive his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12809784",
"chunk_text": "\"Bart Starr\"\ngame and instead sent a videotaped greeting from home. Bart Starr Bryan Bartlett \"\"Bart\"\" Starr (born January 9, 1934) is a former professional American football player and coach. He played quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1956 through 1971. Starr is the only quarterback in NFL history to lead a team to three consecutive league championships (1965–67). Starr and New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady are tied for total NFL championships, at five each. Starr led his team to victories in the first two Super Bowls: I and II. As the Packers' head",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767162",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nquarterback Steve Young, Hall of Fame wide receiver Jerry Rice, and Hall of Fame cornerback Deion Sanders; however, the Cowboys' victory in Super Bowl XXX the next year also gave them five titles overall and they did so with Sanders after he won the Super Bowl the previous year with the 49ers. The NFC's winning streak was continued by the Green Bay Packers who, under Hall of Fame quarterback Brett Favre, won Super Bowl XXXI, their first championship since Super Bowl II in the late 1960s. Super Bowl XXXII saw quarterback John Elway and running back Terrell Davis lead the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1069305",
"chunk_text": "\"Bart Starr\"\nBart Starr Bryan Bartlett \"\"Bart\"\" Starr (born January 9, 1934) is a former professional American football player and coach. He played quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1956 through 1971. Starr is the only quarterback in NFL history to lead a team to three consecutive league championships (1965–67). Starr and New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady are tied for total NFL championships, at five each. Starr led his team to victories in the first two Super Bowls: I and II. As the Packers' head coach, he was less successful, compiling a 52–76–3 ()",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19737133",
"chunk_text": "\"Neal Dahlen\"\nNeal Dahlen Neal Dahlen is a retired American football administrator, who worked for San Francisco 49ers (1979–1996), and the Denver Broncos (1996–2003), and was General Manager of the Broncos from 1999 to January 2002. Dahlen has the distinction of being tied (with Bill Belichick) for the most Super Bowl rings in history, at seven. He earned five with the 49ers, and two during his time at the Broncos. Dahlen attended Capuchino High School in San Bruno, California. He then played quarterback at San Jose State University, where he graduated from in 1963 (and earned a master's in 1964). He then",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11376203",
"chunk_text": "\"National Football League\"\nthe Green Bay Packers with thirteen (nine NFL titles before the Super Bowl era, and four Super Bowl championships afterwards); the team with the most Super Bowl championships is the Pittsburgh Steelers with six. The current NFL champions are the Philadelphia Eagles, who defeated the New England Patriots in Super Bowl LII, their first Super Bowl championship after winning three NFL titles before the Super Bowl era. On August 20, 1920, a meeting was held by representatives of the Akron Pros, Canton Bulldogs, Cleveland Indians, and Dayton Triangles at the Jordan and Hupmobile auto showroom in Canton, Ohio. This meeting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13813696",
"chunk_text": "\"America's Game: The Super Bowl Champions\"\ninterviews from three or more of the winning team (players, coaches, or administrators) and narration from a celebrity. In instances of teams winning multiple Super Bowls closely together different people are interviewed for each episode. For example, though Bill Belichick coached the New England Patriots to three Super Bowls in four years (2001, 2003, and 2004) he was only interviewed for the episode on the 2004 team. A handful of subjects were interviewed twice: Bill Curry (1966 Green Bay Packers and 1970 Baltimore Colts), Joe Greene (1974 and 1978 Pittsburgh Steelers), Eli Manning and Tom Coughlin, (2007 and 2011 New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18275604",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Woicik\"\n2000, he was hired by the Patriots, where he won another three Super Bowls with the team (Super Bowl XXXVI, Super Bowl XXXVIII, and Super Bowl XXXIX). On February 11, 2011, Woicik finalized a deal to rejoin the Cowboys in the same position he had in New England. Mike Woicik Mike Woicik (born September 26, 1956) is an American football strength and conditioning coach for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He holds the record for second-most Super Bowl rings won by a coach (behind Bill Belichick) with six, winning three with the Cowboys and three with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204113",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nthe 20 Super Bowls during these two decades, including 13 straight from Super Bowl XIX to Super Bowl XXXI. The NFC's winning streak was only interrupted when the Los Angeles Raiders routed the Washington Redskins, 38-9 in Super Bowl XVIII. The most successful team of the 1980s was the San Francisco 49ers, which featured the West Coast offense of Hall of Fame head coach Bill Walsh. This offense was led by three-time Super Bowl MVP and Hall of Fame quarterback Joe Montana, Super Bowl MVP and Hall of Fame wide receiver Jerry Rice, running back Roger Craig, and defensive safety/cornerback",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13471764",
"chunk_text": "\"Jerry Rice\"\nJerry Rice Jerry Lee Rice (born October 13, 1962) is a former American football wide receiver who played in the National Football League, primarily with the San Francisco 49ers. He is widely considered to be the greatest wide receiver in NFL history, and often called the greatest NFL player of all time. Rice is the all-time leader in most major statistical categories for wide receivers, including receptions, touchdown receptions, and receiving yards, once being the leader for total yards and touchdowns in a season. He has scored more points than any other non-kicker in NFL history with 1,256. Rice was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10379008",
"chunk_text": "\"Joe Montana\"\nJoe Montana Joseph Clifford Montana Jr. (born June 11, 1956), nicknamed \"\"Joe Cool\"\" and \"\"The Comeback Kid\"\", is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 16 seasons with the San Francisco 49ers and Kansas City Chiefs. After winning a college national championship at Notre Dame, Montana started his NFL career in 1979 with San Francisco, where he played for the next 14 seasons. While a member of the 49ers, Montana started and won four Super Bowls and was the first player ever to have been named Super Bowl Most Valuable Player three times.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767150",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\ngames in 1978, the season was started earlier. Prior to 1978, the season started as late as September 21. Now, since Labor Day is always the first Monday of September, September 13 is the latest possible date for the first full Sunday set of games (Since 2002, the regular season has started with the Kickoff Game on the first Thursday after Labor Day). The earliest possible season start date is September 7. The Pittsburgh Steelers have won six Super Bowls, the most of any team; the Dallas Cowboys, New England Patriots and San Francisco 49ers have five victories each, while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3490033",
"chunk_text": "\"Dan Reeves\"\nDan Reeves Daniel Edward Reeves (born January 19, 1944) is a former American football running back and coach in the National Football League (NFL). Over the course of his 38 years in the NFL, Reeves participated in a combined nine Super Bowls as player and coach, the second-most in league history behind Bill Belichick's eleven. He served as a head coach for 23 seasons, primarily with the Denver Broncos and the Atlanta Falcons. As a player, he spent the entirety of his eight-season career with the Dallas Cowboys. Reeves made his first two Super Bowl appearances during his playing career,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12815480",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXVI\"\nthis feat: the New York Giants (Phil Simms in Super Bowl XXI, Jeff Hostetler in Super Bowl XXV, and Eli Manning in Super Bowls XLII and XLVI) and the Green Bay Packers (Bart Starr in the first two Super Bowls, Brett Favre in Super Bowl XXXI, and Aaron Rodgers in Super Bowl XLV). This was the last major professional championship won by a D.C.-based team until the Capitals won the Stanley Cup in 2018. Sources: NFL.com Super Bowl XXVI, Super Bowl XXVI Play Finder Was, Super Bowl XXVI Play Finder Buf Completions/attempts Carries Long gain Receptions Times targeted The following",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9773232",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXIX\"\na touchdown in back-to-back Super Bowls. With the victory, Tom Brady became just the fourth quarterback to win at least three Super Bowls, along with Terry Bradshaw, Joe Montana and Troy Aikman. Brady also became the fourth quarterback to throw a touchdown pass in three different Super Bowls. Other quarterbacks to do it were Terry Bradshaw, Joe Montana and John Elway, with Kurt Warner later accomplishing the feat during Super Bowl XLIII and Peyton Manning in Super Bowl XLVIII. The Patriots joined the Dallas Cowboys as the only teams in NFL history to win three Super Bowls in a span",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767184",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nSuper Bowl XLV, which returned to using current pop acts such as The Black Eyed Peas and Katy Perry. Excluding Super Bowl XXXIX, the famous \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" advertising campaign took place in every Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXI when quarterback Phil Simms from the New York Giants became the first player to say the tagline. As of Super Bowl LII, 27 of 52 Super Bowls have been played in three cities: New Orleans (ten times), the Greater Miami area (ten times), and the Greater Los Angeles area (seven times). No market or region without an active",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8291773",
"chunk_text": "\"John Elway\"\nBrady for most wins by a starting quarterback. He finished his career with 774 rushing attempts, currently third in league history behind Randall Cunningham (775) and Michael Vick (873). Elway's 3,407 rushing yards ranks sixth all-time among NFL QB's behind Cunningham, Vick, Steve Young, Fran Tarkenton, and Steve McNair. Elway threw for 1,128 yards in his five Super Bowls, fourth most behind Tom Brady, Kurt Warner, and Joe Montana. His 76 Super Bowl pass completions rank fifth, and his 152 attempts were a Super Bowl record before being broken by Tom Brady. He is one of only two players ever",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12815636",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXIX\"\nthree straight Super Bowls, although as a member of two teams. Norton was a member of the Cowboys teams who won Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII. Deion Sanders became the first player to play in both a Super Bowl and a World Series, playing in the 1992 World Series with the Atlanta Braves. Chargers quarterback Gale Gilbert became the first player to be a member of five straight Super Bowl teams. Gilbert was a member of the Bills who played in four straight Super Bowls (XXV–XXVIII). Gilbert was on the losing team in all five Super Bowl games. The 49ers'",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18207991",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award\"\nfrom the winning team every year except 1971, when Dallas Cowboys linebacker Chuck Howley won the award despite the Cowboys' loss in Super Bowl V to the Baltimore Colts. Harvey Martin and Randy White were named co-MVPs of Super Bowl XII, the only time co-MVPs have been chosen. Including the Super Bowl XII co-MVPs, seven Cowboys players have won Super Bowl MVP awards, the most of any NFL team. Quarterbacks have earned the honor 29 times in 52 games. Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award The Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award, or Super Bowl MVP, is presented annually to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18306280",
"chunk_text": "\"Marv Fleming\"\nMarv Fleming Marvin Lawrence Fleming (born January 2, 1942) is a former professional American football player, a tight end in the National Football League for twelve seasons, seven with the Green Bay Packers and five with the Miami Dolphins. He was a member of five NFL championship teams. Fleming is the first player in NFL history to play in five Super Bowls—with Green Bay (I, II) and Miami (VI, VII, VIII). He played under hall of fame head coaches Vince Lombardi and Don Shula for five seasons each. Born in Longview, Texas, Fleming was raised in southern California in Compton",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10328824",
"chunk_text": "\"Best NFL Player ESPY Award\"\nwere conducted in February of each year to honor achievements over the previous calendar year; awards presented thereafter are conferred in June and reflect performance from the June previous. In 2014, Peyton Manning of the Denver Broncos became the first 3-time winner breaking a tie with Barry Sanders, Brett Favre, Marshall Faulk. Aaron Rodgers would later surpass him in 2017 when he won his fourth. Aaron Rodgers has won four awards, the most. Six players – quarterbacks Brett Favre, Tom Brady, Peyton Manning, and running backs Emmitt Smith, Barry Sanders, and Marshall Faulk—have won the award twice; each save Sanders",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6449078",
"chunk_text": "\"Adam Vinatieri\"\nAdam Vinatieri Adam Matthew Vinatieri (born December 28, 1972) is an American football placekicker for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He has played in five Super Bowls: four with the New England Patriots and one with the Colts. Vinatieri won Super Bowls in 2001, 2003, and 2004 with the Patriots and in 2006 with the Colts. Among placekickers, he holds NFL records for most Super Bowl appearances (5) and most Super Bowl wins (4). He also holds NFL records, among all players, for most points scored (2,570), most postseason points scored (234), most field goals made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8767172",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nappearance, and their first win in franchise history. It was the Patriots' tenth Super Bowl appearance, and their fourth appearance in ten years; had the Patriots won, they would have tied the Pittsburgh Steelers with the most Super Bowl wins (six). The Super Bowls of the late 2000s and 2010s are notable for the performances (and the pedigrees) of several of the participating quarterbacks, and stagnation (especially on the AFC side) in repeated appearances by the same teams and players. In particular, Tom Brady, Ben Roethlisberger, or Peyton Manning appeared as the AFC team's quarterback in all but two of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15817628",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Brady\"\nthe Patriots in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft. Due to his late draft selection, Brady is considered to be the biggest \"\"steal\"\" in the history of the NFL Draft. In Brady's sixteen seasons as a starter, he has quarterbacked the Patriots to eight Super Bowl appearances, the most for any player in history. Brady is also one of only two quarterbacks to win the Super Bowl in their first season as a starter, the other being Kurt Warner. Brady has been honored with four Super Bowl MVP awards (Super Bowl XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, and LI), the most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20430320",
"chunk_text": "\"GOAT Index\"\nexecutives (all Super Bowl winners), each of whom voted on their top ten quarterbacks. The final quarterback rankings were determined based on how frequently any quarterback outranked his peers across all voting ballots. The ESPN voting panel consisted of Pete Carroll, Tony Dungy, Mike Holmgren, Howard Mudd, Wade Phillips, Mike Reinfeldt, Ray Rhodes, Mike Shanahan, Al Saunders and Norv Turner. Tom Brady emerged as the GOAT from the ESPN survey with 86.7% coverage. GOAT Index The GOAT Index (\"\"Greatest of All Time\"\") is a system used in sports to rank the best performers in any given role. The concept/name was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5065236",
"chunk_text": "\"Brett Favre\"\nBowl XXXII. He and the Packers won Super Bowl XXXI over the New England Patriots. Favre holds many NFL records, including most career pass attempts, most career interceptions thrown, most consecutive starts by a player, most times sacked, and most fumbles. At the time of his retirement, he was the NFL's all-time leader in passing yards, passing touchdowns and quarterback wins; all three records have since been broken by Peyton Manning and Tom Brady respectively. Favre was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2016. Brett Favre was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, the son of Bonita Ann (née",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9773228",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXIX\"\npasses for 357 yards and 3 touchdowns, but threw 3 interceptions and was sacked four times. McNabb's 357 yards are tied with Joe Montana for the seventh most in Super Bowl history and third most of any quarterback, as Tom Brady holds both the top and number 2 spot, with 505 yards in Super Bowl LII and 468 yards in Super Bowl LI. Westbrook was the Eagles leading rusher with 44 yards, while also catching 6 passes for 70 yards and a touchdown and returning 3 punts for 19 yards. Pinkston caught 4 passes for 82 yards, while Owens was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11223731",
"chunk_text": "\"Tom Brady\"\nthan any player at any position. Brady has never had a losing season as a starting quarterback in the NFL. His combined regular-season and postseason wins are also the most of any quarterback in NFL history. Brady is the first and only quarterback to reach 200 regular season wins. Brady also holds the record of being the oldest player to win the Super Bowl MVP at 39 years of age, and the oldest player to win the regular season MVP at the age of 40. For his alleged involvement in the highly publicized Deflategate football tampering scandal, Brady was suspended",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9350250",
"chunk_text": "\"Charles Haley\"\non three Super Bowl-winning teams: in 1992 (XXVII), 1993 (XXVIII), and 1995 (XXX). Haley and Tom Brady are the only players in NFL history to have won five Super Bowl rings. Haley was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2006, the College Football Hall of Fame in 2011, and the Texas Black Sports Hall of Fame in 2012. He was enshrined into the Dallas Cowboys Ring of Honor on November 6, 2011. In 2015, he was inducted into the San Francisco 49ers Hall of Fame. One of 15 finalists for election to the Pro Football Hall of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204114",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nRonnie Lott. Under their leadership, the 49ers won four Super Bowls in the decade (XVI, XIX, XXIII, and XXIV) and made nine playoff appearances between 1981 and 1990, including eight division championships, becoming the second dynasty of the post-merger NFL. The 1980s also produced the 1985 Chicago Bears, who posted an 18–1 record under head coach Mike Ditka; quarterback Jim McMahon; and Hall of Fame running back Walter Payton. Their team won Super Bowl XX in dominant fashion. The Washington Redskins and New York Giants were also top teams of this period; the Redskins won Super Bowls XVII, XXII, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16432066",
"chunk_text": "\"Irish Americans\"\nbuilding upon this new tradition. Starting with the sons of the famine generation, the Irish dominated baseball and boxing, and played a major role in other sports. John L. Sullivan (1858–1918), The heavyweight boxing champion, was the first of the modern sports superstars, winning scores of contests – perhaps as many as 200—with a purse that reached the fabulous sum of one million dollars. Famous in their day were NFL quarterbacks and Super Bowl champions John Elway and Tom Brady, NBA forward Rick Barry, tennis greats Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe, baseball pitcher Nolan Ryan, baseball shortstop Derek Jeter, basketball",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204096",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nthe event. In addition, popular singers and musicians including Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson, Madonna, Prince, Justin Timberlake, Beyoncé, Janet Jackson, Paul McCartney, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Whitney Houston, and Lady Gaga have performed during the event's pre-game and halftime ceremonies. For four decades after its 1920 inception, the NFL successfully fended off several rival leagues. However, in 1960, it encountered its most serious competitor when the American Football League (AFL) was formed. The AFL vied heavily with the NFL for both players and fans. The original \"\"bowl game\"\" was the Rose Bowl Game in Pasadena, California, which was first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9773230",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXIX\"\nin 1985, Rice in 2004 and Branch in 2006. Branch's combined 21 catches in Super Bowls XXXVIII and XXXIX are the most in back-to-back Super Bowls. Branch also became the third offensive player ever to win Super Bowl MVP honors without scoring a touchdown or throwing a touchdown pass. The other two players were Joe Namath in Super Bowl III and Fred Biletnikoff in Super Bowl XI. Branch and Terrell Owens each had 100 yards receiving, marking the third time in Super Bowl history, one player from each team had over 100 yards in a Super Bowl. Michael Irvin and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11481270",
"chunk_text": "Quarterback\nSuper Bowl team is often chosen for the \"\"I'm going to Disney World!\"\" campaign (which includes a trip to Walt Disney World for them and their families), whether they are the Super Bowl MVP or not; examples include Joe Montana (XXIII), Trent Dilfer (XXXV), and Peyton Manning (50). Dilfer was chosen even though teammate Ray Lewis was the MVP of Super Bowl XXXV, due to the bad publicity from Lewis' murder trial the prior year. In addition to their main role, quarterbacks are occasionally used in other roles. Most teams utilize a backup quarterback as their holder on placekicks. A",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11755396",
"chunk_text": "\"Draft (sports)\"\nthe more notable examples is Tom Brady, who was drafted in the sixth round, and went on to win five Super Bowls and achieved more success than the players drafted before him. Similarly, two-time Super Bowl champion Roger Staubach was a tenth round pick in both the AFL and NFL drafts largely due to having a four-year commitment to serve in the U.S. Navy; Pro Football Hall of Fame Quarterback Brett Favre was a second round pick and fellow Hall of Famers Joe Montana, Aeneas Williams and Dan Fouts were all third round picks, with Montana slipping due to an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14216786",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XIX\"\nyoung quarterback, Dan Marino. In just his second year in the league, he broke nearly every NFL single-season passing record. Marino set a record for the most completions in a season (362) and became the first quarterback ever to throw for over 5,000 yards, reaching a total of 5,084. He set the record for the most games throwing for at least 300 passing yards (9) and the most games with 400 yards (4). Marino's 48 touchdown passes broke the previous record of 36, which was held by both George Blanda for the Houston Oilers in 1961 and Y. A. Tittle",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8097311",
"chunk_text": "\"America's Game: The Super Bowl Champions\"\nYork Giants), Ray Lewis (2000 and 2012 Baltimore Ravens), Peyton Manning (2006 Indianapolis Colts and 2015 Denver Broncos), and LeGarrette Blount (2016 New England Patriots and 2017 Philadelphia Eagles). Ernie Accorsi and Rich Dalrymple are the only non-players or coaches to be interviewed for the series—both were team administrators. Of the \"\"Blue Ribbon\"\" top 20 teams, the San Francisco 49ers and Dallas Cowboys are represented most often as a franchise with three championship teams each. The Green Bay Packers, Pittsburgh Steelers, and Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders are each represented twice. According to Steve Sabol, president of NFL Films, only 20 teams",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17185999",
"chunk_text": "\"Vince Lombardi Trophy\"\n(1976, 1980, 1983), the Washington Redskins (1982, 1987, 1991) and the Denver Broncos (1997, 1998, 2015) are tied for seventh with three each. Although none of these teams have ever won three straight Super Bowls, two of them have won three Lombardi trophies in four years and one twice in three years: The Dallas Cowboys (1992, 1993, 1995) and the New England Patriots (2001, 2003, 2004) and (2014, 2016). The Pittsburgh Steelers won four Super Bowls in six years (1974, 1975, 1978, 1979). The trophy has been presented on a stage constructed on the field since Super Bowl XXX in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18207990",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award\"\nrecent Super Bowl MVP, from Super Bowl LII held on February 4, 2018, is Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Nick Foles, who passed for 373 yards and three touchdowns and scored a fourth touchdown as a receiver, becoming the first player to both throw and catch a touchdown pass in a Super Bowl. Tom Brady is the only player to have won four Super Bowl MVP awards; Joe Montana has won three and three others—Starr, Terry Bradshaw, and Eli Manning—have won the award twice. Starr and Bradshaw are the only ones to have won it in back-to-back years. The MVP has come",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "204106",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nthe Green Bay Packers and New York Giants have four Super Bowl championships. Fourteen other NFL franchises have won at least one Super Bowl. Eight teams have appeared in Super Bowl games without a win. The Minnesota Vikings were the first team to have appeared a record four times without a win. The Buffalo Bills played in a record four Super Bowls in a row and lost every one. Four teams (the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans) have never appeared in a Super Bowl. The Browns and Lions both won NFL Championships prior to the creation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13328845",
"chunk_text": "\"Mike Lodish\"\nMike Lodish Michael Timothy \"\"Mike\"\" Lodish (born August 11, 1967) is a former professional American football player who was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the tenth round of the 1990 NFL Draft. A 6'3\"\", 270-lb. defensive tackle and nose tackle from UCLA, Lodish played in 11 NFL seasons from 1990-2000 for the Bills and Denver Broncos. Lodish is tied with Don Beebe for second in all-time Super Bowl appearances with six. This is only behind Tom Brady, who played in his eighth Super Bowl on February 4, 2018 at Super Bowl LII in Minneapolis, Minnesota. (It is worth noting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14488758",
"chunk_text": "\"Toni Fritsch\"\nToni Fritsch Anton K. \"\"Toni\"\" Fritsch (10 July 1945 – 14 September 2005) was an Austrian footballer who later started a successful career in American football in the United States. He is distinguished as being the first Austrian to play in the National Football League. He's the only player in history to win professional titles in both association football and American football: he won the Austrian League in 1964, 1967 and 1968, and the Super Bowl in 1972. Fritsch started to play association football at an early age and joined the Austrian record titleholder Rapid Vienna at the age of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12812202",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXIV\"\nthe largest ever. The 49ers are also the only team to score at least eight touchdowns in a Super Bowl and at least two touchdowns in each quarter (the only mistake was a missed extra point attempt). San Francisco quarterback Joe Montana was named the Super Bowl MVP, his third award in his fourth Super Bowl victory. He completed 22 of 29 passes for a total of 297 yards and a Super Bowl record 5 touchdowns, while also rushing for 15 yards. Montana's 75.9 completion percentage was the second highest in Super Bowl history, and he also set a record",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16795996",
"chunk_text": "\"Deion Sanders\"\nDeion Sanders Deion Lin Sanders Sr. (; born August 9, 1967), nicknamed \"\"Primetime\"\", is an American athlete and sports analyst who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 14 seasons. During his football career, he was a member of the Atlanta Falcons, the San Francisco 49ers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Washington Redskins, and the Baltimore Ravens. He also had a part-time career as a baseball outfielder for nine seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), where he played professionally for the New York Yankees, the Atlanta Braves, the Cincinnati Reds, and the San Francisco Giants. Sanders won two Super Bowl",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18087459",
"chunk_text": "\"Bobby Beathard\"\nBobby Beathard Bobby Beathard (born January 24, 1937) is a former general manager of the National Football League (NFL). Over the course of his 38 years in the NFL, his teams competed in seven Super Bowls (winning four times), beginning with the Kansas City Chiefs in 1966, Miami Dolphins in 1972 and 1973, Washington Redskins in 1982, 1983, and 1987, and the San Diego Chargers in 1994. Beathard was born in Zanesville, Ohio, before moving to El Segundo, California, at the age of four. He attended El Segundo High School but did not begin playing football until his sophomore year,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12811901",
"chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XIV\"\njoining his counterpart from Super Bowls X and XIII Roger Staubach. Joe Montana became the third to start four Super Bowls, but all were passed by John Elway and Tom Brady, and also matched by Jim Kelly and Peyton Manning. Super Bowl XIV holds the record for attendance with 103,985 spectators. CBS televised the game in the United States with play-by-play announcer Pat Summerall and color commentator Tom Brookshier. One of the guest analysts for the network's studio pregame show was former Oakland Raiders coach John Madden; he impressed CBS executives so much that he replaced Brookshier as lead game",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_693
|
who used to present i'm a celebrity now?
|
n/a
|
[
"Ant & Dec"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1708454",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nconfirmed that Holly Willoughby will replace McPartlin as co-presenter alongside Declan Donnelly. The lineup was confirmed on 12 November. Note for \"\"Average rating\"\": Since 2010 incl. HD viewers and since 2011 incl. \"\"ITV +1\"\" consumers. A companion show, I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp (previously I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! from 2002–2015) is broadcast on ITV2 following every episode. It has been shown since the first series in 2002 and has featured a variety of presenters. The show is currently presented by Scarlett Moffatt, Joel Dommett and Joe Swash. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19344529",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nthe series due to other work commitments. They were replaced by Vicky Pattison, Stacey Solomon and Chris Ramsey. On 13 April 2017, Pattison and Ramsey both stated on social media that they would not be returning to the show in 2017. It was confirmed that 2016 winner Scarlett Moffatt was announced as a new presenter in September 2017 and will join long-running presenter Joe Swash on the new series. It was also confirmed that Joel Dommett would join the presenting lineup. Various TV presenters and comedians have hosted the show since it began in 2002, with Joe Swash having presented",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14934150",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nstay, with the final episode's votes nominating who wins a series and become crowned as \"\"Jungle King/Queen\"\". The programme's first series debuted on 25 August 2002, and was produced by both LWT and Granada Television, and filmed within Tully, Queensland. Later series were undertaken by ITV Studios, and filmed around Murwillumbah, New South Wales. Celebrities participating on the programme receive a donation from ITV to a charity they nominate, with the money raised from charges on voting via text, phone or interactive services. Each series is hosted by Anthony McPartlin and Declan Donnelly, with the exception of the eighteenth series,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19344526",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nleft after three episodes. This led to Durden-Smith returning for the rest of the series, where he presented from the UK. He was joined by new presenters Kelly Osbourne and Jeff Brazier (briefly Steve Wilson before Brazier took over), who presented from the jungle in Australia. Also this series, a 5pm teatime programme, \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Exclusive\"\", ran each weekday on ITV. It was co-hosted by series 5 runner-up Sheree Murphy and Phillip Schofield in 2006. It did not return for a second series. For series 7–8, Matt Willis and his wife Emma took over from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17988186",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 14)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 14) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its fourteenth series on 16 November 2014 on ITV and ended on 7 December 2014. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 22 October 2014, the trailer was revealed for the new series, which was broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the show, whilst Joe Swash, Laura Whitmore and Rob Beckett returned to present",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20298520",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1) The first series of 'I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!' was broadcast on ITV from 25 August to 8 September 2002. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Louise Loughman hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. The winner of this series was radio DJ Tony Blackburn. The show began with 8 celebrity contestants. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average = 7.57",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19344527",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nthe previous hosts, Kelly Osbourne and Jeff Brazier, in Australia. Because they were having a child in early 2009, they did not return to present series 9. Durden-Smith also presented the show, from the UK, for the final time. Series 9 to 10 saw new presenter Caroline Flack take over with roving reporter Joe Swash, email/people reporter Russell Kane, and a panel of celebrity pundits, which changed approximately every three to five days. For series 11, Flack left in order to present another ITV2 show, \"\"The Xtra Factor\"\", and was replaced by Laura Whitmore. Swash and Kane both stayed on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20622255",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 9)\"\nwas paid £400,000, making her the highest-paid \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" contestant, up until she was surpassed by boxer Amir Khan in series 17. Ant & Dec returned to present the main show. Emma Willis and Matt Willis stood down from the role as presenters of \"\"I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here! Now\"\" and were replaced by last year's winner Joe Swash and Caroline Flack for the 2009 series. The full celebrity line-up was revealed on 11 November 2009. The contestants made their way into the jungle in a variety of ways, including sky-diving and hiking. They were situated",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20298521",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1)\"\nmillion viewers. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 1) The first series of 'I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!' was broadcast on ITV from 25 August to 8 September 2002. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Louise Loughman hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. The winner of this series was radio DJ Tony Blackburn. The show began with 8 celebrity contestants. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15236729",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its thirteenth series on 17 November 2013 on ITV, and ended on 8 December 2013. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 21 October 2013, two teasers were revealed for the new series, which were broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the show, whilst Joe Swash, Laura Whitmore and Rob Beckett returned to present",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10169154",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! is a reality TV series in which a number of celebrities live together in a jungle environment for a number of weeks. They have no luxuries, and compete to be crowned \"\"King\"\" or \"\"Queen of the Jungle\"\". The show was originally created in the United Kingdom by the factual programmes department of ITV's then London franchise, London Weekend Television and developed by a team including James Allen, Natalka Znak, Brent Baker and Stewart Morris. The first episode aired on 25 August 2002. It is now produced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17497999",
"chunk_text": "\"Celebrity (TV programme)\"\nCelebrity (TV programme) Celebrity is a British breakfast programme, broadcast on weekdays from 9.00 am to 10.00 am on ITV. It was hosted by Emma Bunton from 8 October to 31 December 2000. After Geri Halliwell's departure, the Spice Girls had a hiatus in 1999. The other members started their solo careers in music, but Bunton devoted to television projects and presented her own VH1's show, \"\"Emma\"\". After the original screening VH1 wanted to sign a long-term program with Bunton, but she declined, focusing on her group's new album. The show was announced in 12 August and aired originally in",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nin which McPartlin suspended his TV duties for a year in 2018, leaving Donnelly to be joined by Holly Willoughby. \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" is often a ratings winner for ITV, attracting on average over 9 million viewers each series, with its success spawning an international franchise of the same name. The main show itself is accompanied on each series by a companion sister show on ITV2, entitled \"\"\"\", which features behind-the-scenes footage and discussions on celebrities voted out of latest episode. At present, the programme has run for eighteen series and 204 episodes and is contracted to be produced until",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (often referred to as I'm a Celebrity) is an American reality television series based on the British television show of the same name, in which celebrities live in jungle conditions with few comforts. The series is produced by ITV, Independent Television, a British company, and was picked up from ABC, which aired in early 2003. The new series, shown on NBC, ran for 14 episodes, and followed the same format as the United Kingdom version of the same show. On March 8, 2010,",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nKruger National Park, South Africa, and is hosted by Julia Morris and Chris Brown. On 16 July 2015 the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on 31 January 2016. The second season was accompanied by the companion series \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Now!\"\". It aired on Eleven following each episode of the main series, hosted by comedian and former season one contestant Joel Creasey and \"\"The Bachelor Australia 3\"\" contestant Heather Maltman. \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Now!\"\" did not air after the main show in later seasons due to low viewing",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV for an eighth series from 16 November to 5 December 2008. Ant & Dec returned to present the main show on ITV, whilst Matt Willis, Emma Willis and Mark Durden-Smith returned to host spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. It was the first series to use a redesigned logo, which imitates the Hollywood Sign. The winner of this series was Joe Swash. The show began with 10 celebrity contestants. On 19 November, they",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 6)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 6) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here! returned to ITV for a sixth series on Monday 13 November 2006 and ran until Friday 1 December 2006. Once again the series was hosted by Ant and Dec. Kelly Osbourne and Brendon Burns initially presented the ITV2 spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here!\"\" with Burns broadcasting from London, and Osbourne from Australia. However Burns was later replaced by Mark Durden Smith, and Osbourne was joined by Steve Wilson, and later Jeff Brazier. The \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Exclusive\"\" teatime",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. TV series)\"\nNBC announced that there would not be a third season. The first season had 10 contestants. It aired nightly from February 19, 2003 to March 5, 2003 on ABC. John Lehr was the host from the Australian outback. The time differential created serious issues with the live feed. NBC picked up the former ABC show. It aired for 14 episodes and followed the UK's format. The series premiered with a two-hour episode 8–10 pm EDT on June 1, 2009. It aired with a two-hour episode every Monday 8–10 pm aired 8–9 pm EDT Tuesday through Thursday until its June 24",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 10)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 10) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its tenth series on 14 November 2010. It ran for 3 weeks. Ant & Dec returned as the presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me out of Here... Now\"\" returned, with Caroline Flack and Joe Swash as main presenters. On 4 December 2010, singer Stacey Solomon won the show. On 10 November, ITV officially confirmed the 10 celebrities taking part. Dom Joly, Gail Porter and Alison Hammond, initially reported to be joining the show, were not",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 16) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its sixteenth series on 13 November 2016 on ITV. It was the second in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 9 December 2015. Following the end of the previous series, the spin-off show, \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" was rebranded \"\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\". It was also announced that Laura Whitmore and David Morgan had quit the show and were replaced by Vicky Pattison, Stacey",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nfilmed completely live in Australia with occasional celebrity interviews based in London, shown through webcam. In the first series, the show was presented by Irish TV presenter Louise Loughman. In series 2–3, the show was presented by Mark Durden-Smith and Tara Palmer-Tomkinson. In series 4, Palmer-Tomkinson was absent and Durden-Smith was the only host. For the fifth series, Palmer-Tomkinson returned to present the show. Durden-Smith did not, as he decided to spend time with his children instead. He was replaced by Matt Brown. Palmer-Tomkinson did not return for series 6. In series 6, Brendon Burns initially presented the show, but",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nI'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp (previously I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! from 2002–2015) was a companion show, broadcast on ITV2 in the UK and on UTV Ireland in the Republic of Ireland. It features behind-the-scenes footage of \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" and shows the emotional responses of the contestants after they have been voted off. Series 1 to 4 was filmed completely live in the UK and series 5–8 were filmed mainly live in Australia with a live co-presenter in the UK. Since series 9, the show has been",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2) The second series of I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here! was broadcast on ITV from 28 April to 12 May 2003. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Mark Durden-Smith and former contestant Tara Palmer-Tomkinson hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here... Now!\"\" on ITV2. The winner of this series was former English cricketer Phil Tufnell. The series was sponsored by the energy drink V. The show began with ten celebrity contestants: There was no elimination on Day 9 due",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12)\"\nare signed and again before entering the jungle. We also have contact where necessary with the celebrities' GPs. Medical personnel are also available 24 hours a day in Australia to provide support if needed.\"\" I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its twelfth series on 11 November 2012 and finished on 1 December 2012. Ant & Dec returned as main hosts, with Laura Whitmore and Joe Swash returning as hosts of spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". On 16 June 2012, it was announced",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its eleventh series on 13 November 2011. Ant & Dec returned as presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me Out of Here...NOW!\"\" returned with new host Laura Whitmore, Russell Kane and Joe Swash as presenters. On 3 December 2011, Dougie Poynter was crowned the new King of the Jungle. Ant & Dec announced on the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show that \"\"I'm a Celebrity...\"\" would return for its 12th series in 2012. The official line-up was confirmed on",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nComing Out show on 7 December 2016. It began airing on 19 November 2017. 12 contestants, broadcast from 19 November – 10 December 2017: Ant & Dec confirmed at the end of the Coming Out show on 15 December 2017 that the show will return the following year (2018). It is the first series in its brand-new two-year contract. However, on 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he will not be presenting the eighteenth series as he continues to get treatment after being admitted to rehab in March. It began airing on 18 November 2018. On 29 August, ITV",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nNovember – 6 December 2004: 12 contestants, broadcast from 20 November – 5 December 2005: 12 contestants, broadcast from 13 November – 1 December 2006: 11 contestants, broadcast from 12–30 November 2007: 12 contestants, broadcast from 16 November – 5 December 2008: 13 contestants, broadcast from 15 November – 4 December 2009: \"\"I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here!\"\" returned on 14 November 2010 at 9 pm on ITV and ITV1 HD for its tenth series, as confirmed by presenters Ant and Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show at the conclusion of series 9. This is",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11)\"\naverage, as it is an extra show shown after the series has ended. There were no shows on 15 or 23 November due to live football being shown, however, the ITV2 show still aired as normal. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 11) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its eleventh series on 13 November 2011. Ant & Dec returned as presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me Out of Here...NOW!\"\" returned with new host Laura Whitmore, Russell Kane and Joe Swash as presenters. On 3 December 2011, Dougie",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8)\"\nin the second battle. This feature replaced the 'Celebrity Chests' for five episodes. All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 8) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV for an eighth series from 16 November to 5 December 2008. Ant & Dec returned to present the main show on ITV, whilst Matt Willis, Emma Willis and Mark Durden-Smith returned to host spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\" on ITV2. It was the first series to use a redesigned logo,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series) I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here! (often shortened to I'm a Celebrity or I'm a Celeb) is a British survival reality television game show, created by London Weekend Television (LWT), produced by ITV Studios, and aired live on ITV from Australia. The format sees a group of celebrities living together within an Australian jungle camp, coping with a few creature comforts. Each member not only undertakes in challenges to secure additional food and treats for the group, but also to avoid being voted out by viewers during their",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 10)\"\ncamp.<br> Official ratings are taken from the Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 10) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its tenth series on 14 November 2010. It ran for 3 weeks. Ant & Dec returned as the presenters for the main show, and its spin off show \"\"Get Me out of Here... Now\"\" returned, with Caroline Flack and Joe Swash as main presenters. On 4 December 2010, singer Stacey Solomon won the show. On 10 November, ITV officially confirmed the 10 celebrities taking part. Dom Joly, Gail Porter and",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2)\"\nto Danniella walking out of the jungle. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food All ratings are taken from the UK Programme Ratings website, BARB. Series average = 8.55 million viewers. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 2) The second series of I'm a Celebrity... Get Me out of Here! was broadcast on ITV from 28 April to 12 May 2003. Ant & Dec presented the main show on ITV, whilst Mark Durden-Smith and former contestant Tara Palmer-Tomkinson hosted the spin-off show \"\"I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here... Now!\"\" on ITV2. The",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its eighteenth series on 18 November 2018 on ITV, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2017. On 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he would not be presenting the then upcoming eighteenth series. On 29 August, it was confirmed that Holly Willoughby would host the eighteenth series with Donnelly whilst McPartlin took a year long break from television. The series opener was watched by just over 14 million people, giving",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nfor the eleventh series. On 16 June 2012, it was announced that Kane would not return to \"\"Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". He was replaced by stand-up comic Rob Beckett. All three presenters returned to present the thirteenth and fourteenth series of the show. Due to tour commitments, Beckett did not return for Series 15. He was replaced by comedian David Morgan. On 14 April 2016, Laura Whitmore stated that she would not be returning to the Jungle. On 31 May 2016 during an interview on \"\"Up Late with Rylan\"\", Morgan confirmed that he would not be returning to",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 12) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its twelfth series on 11 November 2012 and finished on 1 December 2012. Ant & Dec returned as main hosts, with Laura Whitmore and Joe Swash returning as hosts of spin-off show \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". On 16 June 2012, it was announced that Russell Kane would be leaving \"\"Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\". He has been replaced by comedian Rob Beckett. On 1 December 2012, the series was won by \"\"EastEnders\"\" actress Charlie Brooks, with",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (U.S. season 2)\"\non STAR World in South East Asia, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Korea from July 8, 2009. With the network change, the series changed hosts, with Myleene Klass and Damien Fahey presenting the second season. The revival began with eleven contestants who were originally split into two teams: red and yellow. Shortly thereafter, the eleven contestants were split into teams based on gender. Heidi and Spencer Pratt quit the show on day two, but they both returned, only to withdraw once again for a final time when Heidi became ill. Daniel Baldwin (Stephen Baldwin's brother) joined the show partway through the",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp\"\nthe most series, at ten. Notes: I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp (previously I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! from 2002–2015) was a companion show, broadcast on ITV2 in the UK and on UTV Ireland in the Republic of Ireland. It features behind-the-scenes footage of \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" and shows the emotional responses of the contestants after they have been voted off. Series 1 to 4 was filmed completely live in the UK and series 5–8 were filmed mainly live in Australia with a live co-presenter in the UK. Since",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\nand Malaysia. This series has been criticised by the UK former Secretary of State for Culture, Tessa Jowell. In an interview with the \"\"Financial Times\"\" during the second UK series, she said, \"\"If they weren't mostly – save their blushes – has-been celebrities, there might be more interest [...] I think that if we saw many more programming hours taken over by reality TV, I hope you'd begin to see a viewers' revolt.\"\" In 2002, CBS, broadcaster of the popular American reality show \"\"Survivor\"\", unsuccessfully sued ABC and Granada TV over a planned American version of \"\"I'm a Celebrity... Get",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15)\"\nwon the show on 6 December 2015, with Union J singer George Shelley finishing runner up. This was the second time that a late-entry contestant had won the show, the first being Christopher Biggins in 2007. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the main show, whilst Joe Swash and Laura Whitmore returned to present the ITV2 spin-off show, \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW!\"\", alongside David Morgan, who replaced Rob Beckett. The celebrity cast line-up for the fifteenth series was confirmed on 9 November 2015. Spencer Matthews withdrew on 20 November, because of health issues. Lady",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13)\"\nachieved the highest ever rating for an opening \"\"I'm a Celebrity\"\" episode. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 13) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its thirteenth series on 17 November 2013 on ITV, and ended on 8 December 2013. The show was confirmed to be returning to ITV at the end of the previous series. On 21 October 2013, two teasers were revealed for the new series, which were broadcast on air across the ITV network in the run up to the series' premiere. Ant & Dec both returned as presenters of the",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (occasionally shortened to I'm a Celebrity) is an Australian reality television series on Network Ten which is based on the British television show of the same name. The series aired mainly on Channel Ten and Ten HD (now '10' and '10 HD' respectively.) The series sees celebrities living in the jungle with few creature comforts and compete in various challenges to earn meals and other luxuries. The celebrities compete for $100,000 to be donated to their chosen charity. The series is set in",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 7)\"\nactor Christopher Biggins. The official celebrity line-up was revealed on 10 November 2007. However, Malcolm McLaren immediately resigned from the show before entering the camp on the first day, stating he didn't have the time and intention to do the programme. On Day 2, former \"\"The Apprentice\"\" contestant, Katie Hopkins was announced as his replacement and competed in the jungle throughout the series. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. For the first three trials the two camps went head to head, only the winner of the trial's camp had any food. Tuesday, 20 November was the",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18)\"\nhanded. Official ratings are taken from BARB, utilising the four-screen dashboard which includes viewers who watched the programme on laptops, smartphones, and tablets within 7 days of the original broadcast. I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its eighteenth series on 18 November 2018 on ITV, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2017. On 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he would not be presenting the then upcoming eighteenth series. On 29 August, it was confirmed that",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nas confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 10 December 2014. 13 contestants, broadcast from 15 November – 6 December 2015: The show returned in 2016, and is the second in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show on 9 December 2015. It began airing on 13 November 2016. 12 contestants, broadcast from 13 November – 4 December 2016: The show returned in 2017, and is the third in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 15) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its fifteenth series on 15 November 2015 on ITV. It was the first year for its new three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the \"\"Coming Out\"\" show on 10 December 2014. On 11 October 2015, a 5-second teaser aired on ITV for the first time, with more short trailers following, with Ant & Dec yelling \"\"Let's get ready to jungle!\"\", a pun on their well-known song \"\"Let's Get Ready to Rhumble\"\". \"\"Geordie Shore\"\"'s Vicky Pattison",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 1)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australia season 1) The first season of \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here\"\" premiered on Network Ten on 1 February 2015. The season was hosted by Julia Morris and Chris Brown. Andrew 'Freddie' Flintoff won the season, getting crowned \"\"King of the Jungle\"\" on 15 March 2015. Before the new contestants ('intruders') enter camp and meet the other celebrities, they have to undergo trials. The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. These trials aim to test both physical and mental abilities. The winner is usually determined by the number",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)\"\nthe website after the fact so viewers in other states could watch the show after their airing of the main show. The feed was hosted by comedian Sam Mac and producer Ciaran \"\"The Butcher\"\" Flannery, also known as \"\"The C-Word\"\". On 8 and 12 March 2015, producer Dominic \"\"The Domin8or\"\" Sullivan filled in during Flannery's absence. The duo interact with viewers through Twitter, using the hashtag #FOZ. Mac and Flannery have no control over the shots used in the stream which has resulted in one episode featuring a 20-minute shot of a waterfall and, on 16 February 2015, a 15-minute",
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"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 9)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 9) I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV1 and ITV2 for a ninth series on 15 November 2009. It broadcast for three weeks and concluded on 4 December 2009. There was however an additional episode on 7 December 2009, showing all the celebrities and what they did after they left the jungle. This was the first and so far only series to feature a contestant from a previous series, Katie Price. She made her second appearance on the show, having first appeared the third series in 2004. Price",
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"chunk_id": "19471624",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17)\"\nI'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 17) \"\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!\"\" returned for its seventeenth series on 19 November 2017 on ITV. The series is the third in a three-year contract, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2016. In October 2017, it was confirmed that Ant & Dec will return to host the series, despite rumours suggesting that the pair would not be present due to Ant's admittance to rehab earlier in the year for drugs and alcohol addiction. \"\"Made in Chelsea\"\" star Georgia",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 48
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7612498",
"chunk_text": "\"I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK TV series)\"\nthe series aired on 21 October 2013. The line-up was confirmed on 13 November 2013. 12 contestants, broadcast from 17 November – 8 December 2013: The show returned for its fourteenth series on 16 November 2014. On 15 October 2014, a teaser for the upcoming series was released on the official website. On 11 November, the full list of celebrities was confirmed by ITV. On 20 November, a further two campmates were confirmed to have joined the show. 12 contestants, broadcast from 16 November – 7 December 2014: The show returned on 15 November 2015 under a new three-year contract,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_694
|
who led the conquest of the incas in south america?
|
n/a
|
[
"Francisco Pizarro",
"conquistador Francisco Pizarro"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
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"chunk_id": "12040938",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nSpanish conquest of the Inca Empire The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spanish soldiers under conquistador Francisco Pizarro, his brothers, and their native allies captured the Sapa Inca Atahualpa in the 1532 Battle of Cajamarca. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory in 1572 and colonization of the region as the Viceroyalty of Peru. The conquest of the Inca Empire (called \"\"Tahuantinsuyu\"\" or \"\"Tawantinsuyu\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 0
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"chunk_id": "15392827",
"chunk_text": "Inca-Caranqui\nday) inhabitants. The tolas, which number in the hundreds, with many more having been destroyed, are up to on each side and to in height. Archaeological research indicates they were used as platforms for elite residences, ceremonies, and burials. Spanish chronicler Miguel Cabello de Balboa tells the story of the Inca conquest of northern Ecuador. The Incas, hailing from the austere high Andes of southern Peru, found the generally lower altitudes of Andean Ecuador to be a rich and lush land. The Emperor Topa Inca Yupanqui (ruled c. 1471-1493) began the conquest of Ecuador, encountering heavy resistance from the local",
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"chunk_id": "19242603",
"chunk_text": "\"Francisco Pizarro\"\nFrancisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro González (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that conquered the Inca Empire. He captured and killed Incan emperor Atahualpa, and claimed the lands for Spain. Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain. He was the illegitimate son of infantry colonel Gonzalo Pizarro (1446–1522) and Francisca González, a woman of poor means. His date of birth is uncertain, but it is believed to be sometime in the 1470s, probably 1474. Little attention was paid to his education and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
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"chunk_id": "14982077",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nInca Empire The Inca Empire (, \"\"The Four Regions\"\"), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. Its political and administrative structure is considered by most scholars to have been the most developed in the Americas before Columbus' arrival. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century. Its last stronghold was conquered by the Spanish in 1572. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas incorporated a large portion of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 3
},
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"chunk_id": "9794694",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nexpansion under the command of Sapa Inca (paramount leader) Pachacuti-Cusi Yupanqui, whose name literally meant \"\"earth-shaker\"\". The name of Pachacuti was given to him after he conquered the Tribe of Chancas (modern Apurímac). During his reign, he and his son Tupac Yupanqui brought much of the Andes mountains (roughly modern Peru and Ecuador) under Inca control. Pachacuti reorganized the kingdom of Cusco into the Tahuantinsuyu, which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provincial governments with strong leaders: Chinchasuyu (NW), Antisuyu (NE), Kuntisuyu (SW) and Qullasuyu (SE). Pachacuti is thought to have built Machu",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 4
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"chunk_id": "9172874",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nlaw from us and all your people may learn and receive it, for it will be the greatest honor, advantage, and salvation to them all.\"\" Atahualpa responded only after Hernando Pizarro arrived. He replied with what he had heard from his scouts, saying that Pizarro and his men were killing and enslaving countless numbers on the coast. Pizarro denied the report and Atahualpa, with limited information, reluctantly let the matter go. At the end of their meeting, the men agreed to meet the next day at Cajamarca. After his victory and the death of his brother Huáscar, Atahualpa was fasting",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12040967",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nof the Tawantinsuyu on 15 November 1533. Benalcázar, Pizarro's lieutenant and fellow Extremaduran, had already departed from San Miguel with 140-foot soldiers and a few horses on his conquering mission to Ecuador. At the foot of Mount Chimborazo, near the modern city of Riobamba (Ecuador) he met and defeated the forces of the great Inca warrior Rumiñawi with the aid of Cañari tribesmen who served as guides and allies to the conquering Spaniards. Rumiñahui fell back to Quito, and, while in pursuit of the Inca army, Benalcázar was joined by five hundred men led by Guatemalan Governor Pedro de Alvarado.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "6572005",
"chunk_text": "\"Francisco Pizarro\"\nthe building of the palace; it features busts of them and others. It instantly became a recognizable symbol of the plaza. The opulent palace is structured in four stands, giving it the significance of the coat of arms of the Pizarro family, which is situated at one of its corner balconies displaying its iconographic content. The building's decor includes plateresque ornaments and balustrades. Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro González (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that conquered the Inca Empire. He captured and killed Incan emperor Atahualpa, and claimed the lands for Spain.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 7
},
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"chunk_id": "9794696",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nconquest the local rulers were executed. The ruler's children were brought to Cusco to learn about Inca administration systems, then return to rule their native lands. This allowed the Inca to indoctrinate them into the Inca nobility and, with luck, marry their daughters into families at various corners of the empire. Traditionally the son of the Inca ruler led the army. Pachacuti's son Túpac Inca Yupanqui began conquests to the north in 1463 and continued them as Inca ruler after Pachacuti's death in 1471. Túpac Inca's most important conquest was the Kingdom of Chimor, the Inca's only serious rival for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12040968",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nGreedy for gold, Alvarado had set sail for the south without the crown's authorization, landed on the Ecuadorian coast, and marched inland to the Sierra. Finding Quito empty of its treasures, Alvarado soon joined the combined Spanish force. Alvarado agreed to sell his fleet of twelve ships, his forces, plus arms and ammunition, and returned to Guatemala. After Atahualpa's execution, Pizarro installed Atahualpa's brother, Túpac Huallpa, as a puppet Inca ruler, but he soon died unexpectedly, leaving Manco Inca Yupanqui in power. He began his rule as an ally of the Spanish and was respected in the southern regions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12040969",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nthe empire, but there was still much unrest in the north near Quito where Atahualpa's generals were amassing troops. Atahualpa's death meant that there was no hostage left to deter these northern armies from attacking the invaders. Led by Atahualpa's generals Rumiñahui, Zope-Zupahua and Quisquis, the native armies were finally defeated, effectively ending any organized rebellion in the north of the empire. Archaeological evidence of the rebellion incident exists. The remains of about 70 men, women, and adolescents were found in the path of a planned expressway near Lima in 2007. Forensic evidence suggests that the natives were killed by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12040942",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nfrom a cave in a region called Pacariqtambo. Huayna Capac was the son of the previous ruler, Túpac Inca, and the grandson of Pachacuti, the Emperor who, by conquest, had commenced the dramatic expansion of the Inca Empire from its cultural and traditional base in the area around Cusco. On his accession to the throne, Huayna Capac had continued the policy of expansion by conquest, taking Inca armies north into what is today Ecuador. While he had to put down a number of rebellions during his reign, by the time of his death, his legitimacy was as unquestioned as was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12410324",
"chunk_text": "\"Titu Cusi\"\nDiego de Castro. Titu Cusi made Túpac Amaru a priest and custodian of Manco Inca's body in Vilcabamba. Túpac Amaru became the Inca ruler after Titu Cusi's sudden death in 1571. Titu Cusi's close companion Martin de Pando, who had worked as a scribe for the Inca for over ten years and the Augustinian Friar Diego Ortiz were blamed for killing Titu Cusi by poisoning him. Both were killed. Titu Cusi is the \"\"narrator\"\" and source of \"\"An Inca Account of the Conquest of Peru\"\", a firsthand account of the Spanish invasion, narrated by him in 1570 to a Spanish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19205857",
"chunk_text": "Atahualpa\nAtahualpa, for fear that he would try to carry out a coup d'état against him. Atahualpa became Inca emperor after he defeated and imprisoned Huáscar and massacred any pretenders to the throne at the close of the civil war. Later, while imprisoned by the Spaniards, Atahualpa gave orders to kill Huáscar in Jauja, thinking Huáscar would use the Spaniards as allies to regain his throne. During the Spanish conquest, the Spaniard Francisco Pizarro captured Atahualpa and used him to control the Inca Empire. Eventually, the Spanish executed Atahualpa, effectively ending the empire. A succession of emperors, who led the Inca",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18786709",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Bolivia to 1809\"\nFrancisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, and Hernando de Luque led the Spanish discovery and conquest of the Inca Empire. They first sailed south in 1524 along the Pacific coast from Panama to confirm the legendary existence of a land of gold called Biru. Because the rapidly expanding Inca Empire was internally weak, the conquest was remarkably easy. After the Inca Huayna Capac died in 1527, his sons Huascar and Atahualpa fought a civil war over the succession. Although Atahualpa defeated his brother, he had not yet consolidated his power when the Spaniards arrived in 1532, and he seriously misjudged their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7921691",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of South America\"\nPortuguese expeditions tried to conquer the Palmares between 1680-6, but failed, only retaking the territories in 1694. Despite the huge losses of the previous centuries, the native peoples of South America were not entirely suppressed. In the Andes, several major revolts occurred, with their leaders claiming authority by their descent from the Inca ruling family. In the 1650s, Pedro Bohórquez had himself crowned as the Inca emperor of the Calchaquíes Indians, fooling both Indians and Spanish alike. From 1742 onwards, Juan Santos Atahualpa led a revolt from the jungle settlement of Quisopango and Spain was not able to reassert control",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16206473",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Incas\"\nIn some cases, these languages were taught to peoples who had originally spoken other indigenous languages. Today, Quechua and Aymara remain the most widespread Amerindian languages. The legend of the Inca has served as inspiration for resistance movements in the region. These include the 1780 rebellion led by Tupac Amaru II against the Spanish, as well as contemporary the guerrilla movements Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) and Sendero Luminoso in Peru and Tupamaros in Uruguay. History of the Incas The Incas were most notable for establishing the Inca Empire in pre-Columbian America, which was centered in what is now Peru",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13601597",
"chunk_text": "\"History of Bolivia\"\na part of the Inca territory as province of Qullasuyu. Francisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, and Hernando de Luque led the Spanish discovery and conquest of the Inca empire. They first sailed south in 1524 along the Pacific coast from Panama to confirm the existence of a legendary land of gold called \"\"Biru\"\" (later altered to Peru). Because the rapidly expanding Inca Empire was internally weak, the conquest was remarkably easy. After the Inca Emperor Huayna Capac died in 1527, his sons Huascar and Atahualpa fought over the succession. Although Atahualpa defeated his brother, he had not yet consolidated his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
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"chunk_id": "19205856",
"chunk_text": "Atahualpa\nAtahualpa Atahualpa (), also Atahuallpa, Atabalipa (in Hispanicized spellings) or Atawallpa (Quechua) (c. 1502–26 July 1533) was the last Inca Emperor. After defeating his brother, Atahualpa became very briefly the last Sapa Inca (sovereign emperor) of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu) before the Spanish conquest. Before Huayna Capac died in Quito (possibly due to smallpox), he appointed Ninan Coyuchi and Yao as his successor. Ninan also died of the same disease, without his father's knowledge. The Cusquenian nobles named Huascar (another son of Huayna) as Sapa Inca, and he appointed his brother Atahualpa as governor of Quito. Huascar declared war on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7919246",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of South America\"\nrequested; it was melted, refined, and made into bars. Atahualpa was executed by the Spanish in August 1533. After Atahualpa's execution, Pizarro installed Atahualpa's brother, Túpac Huallpa, as a puppet Inca ruler. Pizarro's lieutenant, Benalcázar, travelled north with 140 foot soldiers and a few horses to conquer modern-day Ecuador, where he defeated the forces of the Inca general Rumiñahui with the aid of Cañari tribesmen. Túpac Huallpa then died unexpectedly, leaving Manco Inca Yupanqui in power. He began his rule as an ally of the Spanish and was respected in the southern regions of the empire, but there was still",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "269794",
"chunk_text": "Peru\nfather, Inca Huayna Capac. In December 1532, a party of \"\"conquistadors\"\" led by Francisco Pizarro defeated and captured the Inca Emperor Atahualpa in the Battle of Cajamarca. The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military conflicts, it was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory and colonization of the region known as the Viceroyalty of Peru with its capital at Lima, which became known as \"\"The City of Kings\"\". The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
},
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"chunk_id": "2881767",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of South America\"\nsome power for several more decades. His son, Túpac Amaru, was the last Inca, and was finally killed by the Spanish in 1572. In total, the conquest took about forty years to complete. Alongside the Spanish campaign to occupy Peru, a civil war broke out between Francisco Pizarro and Diego de Almagro over prerogatives and rights over the conquered cities, in which Almagro was ultimately killed. Almagro's faction, the \"\"Almagristas\"\", later avenged his death by killing Pizarro, but were finally defeated in the battle of Chupas in 1542, and their new leader, Diego Almagro El Mozo, executed. Conflict broke out",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "15038082",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nin \"\"Age of Empires 3\"\", having a Lost City hidden in the Andes. They are also in the Multiplayer, found primarily in the areas making up Chile and Argentina. The conquest is parodied in \"\"The Simpsons\"\" TV series, in the episode \"\"Lost Verizon\"\", written by John Frink. Pizarro and his fellow conquistadors feature as antagonists in the 1982 animated serial \"\"The Mysterious Cities of Gold\"\". Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "13778884",
"chunk_text": "\"Military history of South America\"\nvariety of methods, from conquest to peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges, including large parts of modern Ecuador, Peru, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, north and north-central Chile, and southern Colombia. The Inca approach to warfare was well organised and disciplined, building on the Andean military societies before it. It represented a major step forward in military organisation in South America. The Incan empire expanded into what later became Ecuador during the reign of Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, who began the northward conquest in 1463. He gave his",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
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"chunk_id": "12040941",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nempire answered to, and were ultimately under the direct control of, the Emperor. Scholars estimate that the population of the Inca Empire numbered more than 16,000,000. Some scholars, such as Jared Diamond, believe that while the Spanish conquest was undoubtedly the proximate cause of the collapse of the Inca Empire, it may very well have been past its peak and already in the process of decline. In 1528, Emperor Huayna Capac ruled the Inca Empire. He could trace his lineage back to a \"\"stranger king\"\" named Manco Cápac, the mythical founder of the Inca clan, who according to tradition emerged",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
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"chunk_id": "18609992",
"chunk_text": "\"Francisco de Aguirre (conquistador)\"\nturmoils of his administration motivated the viceroy to remove Aguirre from his post, naming in his place Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera. In 1576, Aguirre returned to Chile and settled modestly in La Serena, where he was held in respect until his death in 1581. Francisco de Aguirre (conquistador) Francisco de Aguirre (; 1507–1581) was a Spanish conquistador who participated in the conquest of Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. Francisco de Aguirre was the son of Hernando de la Rúa and of Constanza de Meneses. He joined the army of Carlos I, participating in the Battle of Pavia and the assault",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "9172898",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\npopulation in the Andes region. Mortality was particularly high among children, ensuring that the impact of the epidemics would extend to the next generation. Beyond the devastation of the local populations by disease, they suffered considerable enslavement, pillaging and destruction from warfare. The Spanish took thousands of women from the local natives to use as servants and concubines. As Pizarro and his men took over portions of South America, they plundered and enslaved countless people. Some local populations entered into vassalage willingly, to defeat the Inca. Native groups such as the Huanca, Cañari and Chachapoya fought alongside the Spanish as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
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"chunk_id": "15038047",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nhis forces south under the command of two of his leading generals, Challcuchima and Quisquis, who won an uninterrupted series of victories that soon brought them to the very gates of Cuzco. On the first day of the battle for Cuzco, the forces loyal to Huáscar gained an early advantage. However, on the second day, Huáscar personally led an ill-advised \"\"surprise\"\" attack, of which the generals Challcuchima and Quisquis had advance knowledge. In the ensuing battle, Huáscar was captured, and resistance completely collapsed. The victorious generals sent word north by \"\"chasqui\"\" messenger to Atahualpa, who had moved south from Quitu",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "16206465",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Incas\"\ncorners of the empire. It was traditional for the Inca's son to lead the army; Pachacuti's son Túpac Inca began conquests to the north in 1463 and continued them as Inca after Pachucuti's death in 1471. His most important conquest was the Kingdom of Chimor, the Inca's only serious rival for the coast of Peru. Túpac Inca's empire stretched north into modern-day Ecuador and Colombia. Tu;pac Inca's son hyena cape added significant territory to the south. At its height, Tahuantinsuyu included Peru and Bolivia, most of what is now Ecuador, a large portion of modern-day chilli, and extended into corners",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 28
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16206459",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Incas\"\nHistory of the Incas The Incas were most notable for establishing the Inca Empire in pre-Columbian America, which was centered in what is now Peru from 1438 to 1533 C.E. and represented the height of the Inca civilization. The Inca state was known as the Kingdom of Cusco before 1438. Over the course of the Inca Empire, the Inca used conquest and peaceful assimilation to incorporate in their empire a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges. However, shortly after the Inca Civil War, the last Sapa Inca (emperor) of the Inca Empire was captured",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 29
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"chunk_id": "16206466",
"chunk_text": "\"History of the Incas\"\nof Argentina and Colombia. long word was a patchwork of languages, cultures, and peoples. The components of the empire were not all uniformly loyal, nor were the local cultures all fully integrated. The portions of the chipotle that had been conquered were almost openly hostile to the Inca, and the Inca nobles rejected an offer of refuge in Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro explored south from Panama, reaching Inca territory by 1526. It was clear that they had reached a wealthy land with prospects of great treasure, and after one more expedition (1529), Pizarro traveled to Spain and received",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9794697",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nthe Peruvian coast. Túpac Inca's empire stretched north into modern-day Ecuador and Colombia. Túpac Inca's son Huayna Cápac added a small portion of land to the north in modern-day Ecuador and in parts of Peru. At its height, the Inca Empire included Peru and Bolivia, most of what is now Ecuador and a large portion of what is today Chile, north of the Maule River. The advance south halted after the Battle of the Maule where they met determined resistance from the Mapuche. The empire's push into the Amazon Basin near the Chinchipe River was stopped by the Shuar in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14982078",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nwestern South America, centered on the Andean Mountains, using conquest and peaceful assimilation, among other methods. At its largest, the empire joined Peru, large parts of modern Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, north and central Chile and a small part of southwest Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia. Its official language was Quechua. Many local forms of worship persisted in the empire, most of them concerning local sacred \"\"Huacas\"\", but the Inca leadership encouraged the sun worship of Inti – their sun god – and imposed its sovereignty above other cults such",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 32
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"chunk_id": "15038061",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nwith respect, allowed his wives to join him, and the Spanish soldiers taught him the game of chess. Francisco Pizarro sent his brother Hernando to gather gold and silver from the temples in Pachacamac in January 1533, and on his return in March, captured Chalcuchimac in the Jauja Valley. Francisco Pizzaro sent a similar expedition to Cuzco, bringing back many gold plates from the Temple of the Sun. By February 1533, Almagro had joined Pizarro in Cajamarca with an additional 150 men with 50 horses. Pizarro held Atahualpa for a ransom of gold and silver; the treasure began to be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
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"chunk_id": "10808963",
"chunk_text": "Atahualpa\nnomination) in the 1965 Broadway production. Christopher Plummer was Atahualpa in the 1969 movie version of the play. Atahualpa Atahualpa (), also Atahuallpa, Atabalipa (in Hispanicized spellings) or Atawallpa (Quechua) (c. 1502–26 July 1533) was the last Inca Emperor. After defeating his brother, Atahualpa became very briefly the last Sapa Inca (sovereign emperor) of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu) before the Spanish conquest. Before Huayna Capac died in Quito (possibly due to smallpox), he appointed Ninan Coyuchi and Yao as his successor. Ninan also died of the same disease, without his father's knowledge. The Cusquenian nobles named Huascar (another son of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 34
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12040957",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nin the Inca baths outside Cajamarca. Pizarro and his men reached that city on 15 November 1532. Pizarro sent Hernando de Soto and Hernando Pizarro to the Inca leader's camp. Hernando Pizarro and De Soto explained they were emissaries of Emperor Charles I of Spain, to offer their services, and \"\"impart to him the doctrines of the true faith.\"\" Additionally, they invited the Incan leader to visit Pizarro at his quarters along the Cajamarca plaza. Atahualpa replied that his fast would end the next day, when he would visit Pizarro. When De Soto noticed Atahualpa's interest in his horse, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14982093",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\na wealthy land with prospects of great treasure, and after another expedition in 1529 Pizarro traveled to Spain and received royal approval to conquer the region and be its viceroy. This approval was received as detailed in the following quote: \"\"In July 1529 the queen of Spain signed a charter allowing Pizarro to conquer the Incas. Pizarro was named governor and captain of all conquests in Peru, or New Castile, as the Spanish now called the land.\"\" When they returned to Peru in 1532, a war of succession between the sons of Sapa Inca Huayna Capac, Huáscar and Atahualpa, and",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
{
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"chunk_id": "14091098",
"chunk_text": "\"Sapa Inca\"\nSapa Inca The Sapa Inca (Hispanicized spelling) or Sapa Inka (Quechua for \"\"the only Inca\"\"), also known as Apu (\"\"divinity\"\"), Inka Qhapaq (\"\"mighty Inca\"\"), or simply Sapa (\"\"the only one\"\"), was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cusco and, later, the Emperor of the Inca Empire (\"\"Tawantinsuyu\"\") and the Neo-Inca State. While the origins of the position are mythical and tied to the legendary foundation of the city of Cusco, historically it seems to have come into being around 1100. The position was hereditary, with son succeeding father. The emperor was viewed as a god. The principal wife of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12040975",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nViceroy Francisco de Toledo in 1572. Toledo ended the indigenous Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba, executing the Inca Túpac Amaru. He promoted economic development using commercial monopoly and built up the extraction from the silver mines of Potosí, using slavery based on the Inca institution of forced labor for mandatory public service called \"\"mita\"\". The integration of Spanish culture into Peru was carried out not only by Pizarro and his other captains, but also by the many Spanish who also came to Peru to exploit its riches and inhabit its land. These included many different kinds of immigrants such as Spanish",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9022912",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Civil War\"\nin warcraft and to the mighty armies of Cuzco, which their father had stationed in the north part of the empire during the military campaign. Accounts from sources all vary in the exact details. In 1524-1526, the Spaniards under the command of Francisco Pizarro, explored South America. There were 62 horsemen and 106 foot soldiers. Smallpox was taken to the continent, causing disaster for the Incas. Sapa Inca Huayna Capac travelled north to investigate the strangers. Although he never met any Spaniards, he contracted smallpox and died in 1527. His eldest son and heir, Ninan Cuyochi, died soon after him.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9036324",
"chunk_text": "\"Rodrigo Orgóñez\"\nRodrigo Orgóñez Rodrigo Orgóñez (1490 – 26 April 1538) was Spanish captain under Diego de Almagro. Born in Oropesa, Rodrigo participated in the Italian Campaigns. He accompanied Francisco de Godoy from Nicaragua when they joined Diego's men in reinforcing Pizarro during the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. He proved his loyalty serving as a soldier for 5 years before he was made second in command to conquer and govern the southern portion of the Incan Empire. He helped Almagro in his 1537 coup d'état in Cusco leading the group that surrounded the Amaru Cancha Palace capturing Hernando Pizarro and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12040944",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nsister-wife, under the Inca system), two sons are historically important. Prince Túpac Cusi Hualpa, also known as Huáscar, was the son of Coya Mama Rahua Occllo of the royal line. The second was Atahualpa, an illegitimate son who was likely born of a daughter of the last independent King of Quitu, one of the states conquered by Huayna Capac during the expansion of the Inca Empire. These two sons would play pivotal roles in the final years of the Inca Empire. The Spanish conquistador Pizarro and his men were greatly aided in their enterprise by invading when the Inca Empire",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7937054",
"chunk_text": "\"Battle of Cajamarca\"\nBattle of Cajamarca The 'Battle' of Cajamarca was the unexpected ambush and seizure of the Inca ruler Atahualpa by a small Spanish force led by Francisco Pizarro, on November 16, 1532. The Spanish killed thousands of Atahualpa's counselors, commanders, and unarmed attendants in the great plaza of Cajamarca, and caused his armed host outside the town to flee. The capture of Atahualpa marked the opening stage of the conquest of the pre-Columbian Inca civilization of Peru. The confrontation at Cajamarca was the culmination of a months-long struggle involving espionage, subterfuge, and diplomacy between Pizarro and the Inca via their respective",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12040972",
"chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire\"\nfor a time, successfully launched attacks against Pizarro based at Cuzco and even managed to defeat the Spanish in an open battle. When it became clear that defeat was imminent, Manco Inca retreated further to the mountainous region of Vilcabamba and established the small Neo-Inca State, where Manco Inca and his successors continued to hold some power for several more decades. His son, Túpac Amaru, was the last Inca. After deadly confrontations, he was murdered by the Spanish in 1572. In total, the conquest took about forty years to complete. Many Inca attempts to regain the empire had occurred, but",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9794703",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\nsome of his men, most notably a friar named Vincente de Valverde, met with the Inca, who had brought only a small retinue. The Inca offered them ceremonial chicha in a golden cup, which the Spanish rejected. The Spanish interpreter, Friar Vincente, read the \"\"Requerimiento\"\" that demanded that he and his empire accept the rule of King Charles I of Spain and convert to Christianity. Atahualpa dismissed the message and asked them to leave. After this, the Spanish began their attack against the mostly unarmed Inca, captured Atahualpa as hostage, and forced the Inca to collaborate. Atahualpa offered the Spaniards",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9794687",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca Empire\"\ninca\"\" (\"\"Inca Empire\"\") referred to the nation that they encountered and subsequently conquered. The Inca Empire was the last chapter of thousands of years of Andean civilization. Andean civilization was one of five civilizations in the world deemed by scholars to be \"\"pristine\"\", that is indigenous and not derivative from other civilizations. The Inca Empire was preceded by two large-scale empires in the Andes: the Tiwanaku (c. 300–1100 AD), based around Lake Titicaca and the Wari or Huari (c. 600–1100 AD) centered near the present-day city of Ayacucho. The Wari occupied the Cuzco area for about 400 years. Thus, many",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5371369",
"chunk_text": "Inca-Caranqui\nchieftains. His son and successor, Huayna Capac (ruled c. 1493-1525) completed the conquest. Operating from the Inca northern capital of Tumebamba, modern day Cuenca, Huayna Capac built a complex of pukaras (hilltop fortresses) at Pambamarca to defeat the Cayambes, encircled Caranqui with several additional pukaras, and then advanced on the recalcitrant chiefdoms. After military campaigns that may have endured more than a decade, the Incas finally achieved victory near the present-day city of Ibarra. According to Cabello de Balboa, Huayna Capac ordered the massacre of the male population of Caranqui in retribution for its resistance. The massacre took place on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "420672",
"chunk_text": "\"Paria, Bolivia\"\nthe goal of conquering land and finding riches in the territory south of Cuzco in what is today Bolivia and Chile. An advance party led by Juan de Saavedra and including Vila Oma, an Inca religious leader, Paullu Inca, the brother of Inca emperor, Manco Inca, Augustianian priests, 150 Spanish soldiers, and hundred of Indian soldiers. Arriving at Paria on January 23, 1535, the Spanish destroyed many of the buildings and founded Paria La Nueva (New Paria). Almagro and the bulk of his army arrived in Paria later that year and proceeded southward to conquer additional lands. The Augustinian priests",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5759328",
"chunk_text": "\"Inca mythology\"\ncyclical agricultural seasons, which were not only connected to annual cycles, but to a much wider cycle of time (every 800 years at a time). This way of keeping time was deployed in order to ensure the cultural transmission of key information, in spite of regime change or social catastrophes. Many Inca myths have been interpreted from Eurocentric perspectives, which detaches the myths from Inca cosmology and agriculture, depriving these myths of their richness and practical ancient functionality. After the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire by Francisco Pizarro, colonial officials burned the records kept by the Inca. There is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19710479",
"chunk_text": "\"Francisco de Aguirre (conquistador)\"\nFrancisco de Aguirre (conquistador) Francisco de Aguirre (; 1507–1581) was a Spanish conquistador who participated in the conquest of Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. Francisco de Aguirre was the son of Hernando de la Rúa and of Constanza de Meneses. He joined the army of Carlos I, participating in the Battle of Pavia and the assault on Rome in 1527. While in Rome as an Alférez in 1517, he was charged with the protection of a convent and as a reward, the Pope allowed him to marry his cousin, María de Torres y Meneses, while the King appointed him Corregidor",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_695
|
who sings the pokemon theme song season 1?
|
n/a
|
[
"Jason Paige"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14719771",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Paige\"\nJason Paige Jason Paige (born January 6, 1969) is an American singer, writer, record producer, stage, film, and television actor. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the \"\"Pokémon\"\" television series. He is an alumnus of Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School and the Experimental Theatre Wing at New York University. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime. He also sings \"\"Viridian City\"\" and sings as a background vocalist for the \"\"Pokémon 2.B.A. Master\"\" soundtrack. In an interview with the \"\"New York",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "889427",
"chunk_text": "\"Jason Paige\"\nsister theme to the original. Jason Paige Jason Paige (born January 6, 1969) is an American singer, writer, record producer, stage, film, and television actor. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the \"\"Pokémon\"\" television series. He is an alumnus of Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School and the Experimental Theatre Wing at New York University. Paige is best known for singing the first theme song for the English version of the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime. He also sings \"\"Viridian City\"\" and sings as a background vocalist for the \"\"Pokémon 2.B.A. Master\"\" soundtrack. In an",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7305818",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nPokémon Theme The \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\" (also known as \"\"Gotta Catch 'Em All\"\") is a song written by John Siegler and John Loeffler and performed by Jason Paige. It was the theme song for the first season of the English adaptation of the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime. Since its release, the song has been virtually synonymous with the \"\"Pokémon\"\" franchise because the line \"\"Gotta Catch 'Em All\"\" has become its official slogan. Siegler and Loeffler wrote the lyrics to the song while Siegler (best known at the time as the bassist for Todd Rundgren's Utopia from 1973 to 1976) produced the track, also",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 2
},
{
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"chunk_id": "7305825",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nthe song in four hours, he received a large one-time payment for the song in 2000. Paige also performed another parody of the song, featuring Dwayne Johnson as a Pokémon as well as YouTube stars MatPat and Ali-A. In December 2016, the song reached spot 232 on the Dutch Top 2000, a difference of over 1400 spots compared to its ranking in the previous year. On November 16, 2018, an official trailer for featured the original theme song. Pokémon Theme The \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\" (also known as \"\"Gotta Catch 'Em All\"\") is a song written by John Siegler and John Loeffler",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19870878",
"chunk_text": "\"The Power of One (song)\"\nThe Power of One (song) \"\"The Power of One\"\" is a 2000 song composed by Mervyn Warren and Mark Chait. It was performed by Donna Summer and is the theme song for the movie \"\".\"\" \"\"Pokémon: The Movie 2000,\"\" subtitled \"\"The Power of One,\"\" was released in late 1999 and was the second feature-length film based on the Japanese Pokémon video game series. It was also heard in the trailers for all 3 of the Kids WB released films. The song was released on July 11, 2000 as the first single from \"\"Pokémon 2000\"\" soundtrack album. It was produced by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17751341",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nplaying keyboards, bass, and drums. David Rolfe, the vocalist for later themes of the series, played the guitar while Jason Paige provided the vocals. Although the theme song premiered on the debut episode \"\"Pokémon, I Choose You!\"\" on September 8, 1998, Jason Paige was called back again in 1999 to produce an extended version of the theme song for the album \"\"Pokémon 2.B.A. Master\"\". According to Norman Grossfeld, the then-president of 4Kids Productions, the line \"\"Gotta Catch 'Em All\"\" was created as a \"\"tagline for marketing purposes that would also be included in the theme song\"\". Furthermore, \"\"Gotta Catch 'Em",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7305822",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nfor the English broadcast of \"\"\"\". Ben Dixon once again covered it for . Others who have covered the theme song included Postmodern Jukebox, Kurt Hugo Schneider with Lindsey Stirling, Eric Calderone, Baracksdubs, Tay Zonday, Powerglove, Xander Mobus in character as the announcer from \"\"Super Smash Bros.\"\", Nathan Sykes, and Anthony Vincent. In 2014, Electric Six recorded a cover of the song as part of a pledge package for their \"\"Absolute Treasure\"\" Kickstarter campaign. The theme song was also featured in the 2000 video game, \"\"Pokémon Puzzle League\"\", as well as the 2004 video game, \"\"Donkey Konga\"\". In July 2016,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20289853",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nAll\"\" came from a series of contenders, which included \"\"Catch ‘em if you can\"\" (which made it in an earlier version of the theme song). Meanwhile, when first approached about the theme song, Siegler initially saw the show's concept as \"\"incomprehensible\"\" before realizing that the series was about friendship. Although he was reluctant at first, he saw the show's potential when he took his son to premiere of the debut episode in Columbus Circle. In November 2005, the Internet comedy duo Smosh recorded a video for the song on YouTube. It became the most viewed video on the site before",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5990323",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon the Movie: I Choose You!\"\nIn Australia, the film was also confirmed to be released by Event Cinemas across November 11 and 12, 2017. Some fans also requested that voice actress Veronica Taylor should reprise her role as the English voice of Ash Ketchum for the film, but it was later confirmed that the current set of voice actors would stay on. The title of the film is also a reference to the first episode of the anime, \"\"Pokémon, I Choose You!\"\". Regular series composer Shinji Miyazaki wrote the film's score for its original release. The film's opening song is titled by Rica Matsumoto while",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7305821",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nbeing surpassed by \"\"The Evolution of Dance\"\". Afterwards, Smosh's video was removed on YouTube due to a copyright notice. During the 2012 primary election, Paige himself performed a parody of the song in support of the Republican candidate Ron Paul. In 2015, the song was voted to be part of the annual Dutch Top 2000 radio marathon, after a call-for-action on Facebook went viral within the country. The theme song has been covered by various groups and people. \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\" was first covered by Billy Crawford for \"\"\"\". Afterwards, it was covered again by Ben Dixon and The Sad Truth",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12529624",
"chunk_text": "\"Erin Bowman\"\napproached Bowman. She agreed to sing the opening theme song \"\"\"\"Battle Cry (Stand Up!)\"\"\"\" along with \"\"Black and White\"\" for , and \"\"I Believe In You\"\" for \"\"\"\". These Pokémon episodes are aired regularly on national TV through the Cartoon Network. Erin Bowman launched her solo career on November 1, 2011 by releasing her debut single \"\"Problem\"\" to top 40 radio in the United States. The first radio station to play “Problem” on a full-time basis was Sirius XM channel 3, 20 on 20, where it became a top 5 requested song in less than 4 weeks. In early 2012",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19870881",
"chunk_text": "\"The Power of One (song)\"\n11 Republican debate. Cain has variously attributed the lyrics to \"\"a poet\"\" and has referred to \"\"The Power of One\"\" as \"\"the closing song to the 2000 Olympics.\"\" However, the song is not included in the music list for the 2000 Olympics' closing ceremony. Side A: Side B: The Power of One (song) \"\"The Power of One\"\" is a 2000 song composed by Mervyn Warren and Mark Chait. It was performed by Donna Summer and is the theme song for the movie \"\".\"\" \"\"Pokémon: The Movie 2000,\"\" subtitled \"\"The Power of One,\"\" was released in late 1999 and was the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15506806",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon the Movie: Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice\"\nand they all say the oath together, after that Ash and the Swords of Justice part ways. As in the previous \"\"Pokémon\"\" films and its anime series, the music is composed by Shinji Miyazaki. The movie's theme song is titled , which is performed by the Bengali-Japanese-Russian model-turned-singer Rola. The film's director Kunihiko Yuyama thinks the song will work perfectly for the film itself after he first heard it. Rola also voiced a character in the film named Marin. The single itself was released on July 11, 2012. And the English ending for this movie is \"\"It's All Inside of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9224302",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai\"\nof the take place during the tenth season of . Sarah Brightman performs the movie's theme song, a cover of \"\"Where the Lost Ones Go\"\" titled . The cover also features Chris Thompson. The song was replaced by \"\"I'll Always Remember You\"\" by Kristen Price (who would also sing the theme for the next season), and another song called \"\"Living in the Shadow\"\" followed afterwards. Unlike other previous Pokémon films, \"\"The Rise of Darkrai\"\" shares plot elements with the next two films making this the first film of what is called the \"\"Diamond & Pearl\"\" trilogy, followed by \"\"\"\" and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4999316",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: The Movie 2000\"\nto \"\"\"\". In Japan, J-pop artist Namie Amuro sang the ending song \"\"toi et moi\"\". A soundtrack containing Shinji Miyazaki's original score for the film was released on September 9, 1999 along with two original songs sung by Rika Matsumoto and Akiko Hiramatsu. For the English dub, Donna Summer sings the closing song, also titled \"\"The Power of One\"\". \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic also provided an original song, \"\"Polkamon\"\", which is played during the ending credits. The last song played during the credits was \"\"Flying Without Wings\"\" by Westlife. Italian singer Laura Pausini sings the ballad \"\"The Extra Mile\"\", written, among",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1357791",
"chunk_text": "\"Theme music\"\nTop 5, 1976); the theme to \"\"Laverne & Shirley\"\", performed by Cyndi Grecco (#25, 1976); the theme to \"\"Friends\"\", \"\"I'll Be There For You\"\", which was a hit for The Rembrandts; the theme from \"\"S.W.A.T.\"\", which was a hit for Rhythm Heritage, the theme song from \"\"Pokémon\"\" (known as \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\" in the \"\"2.B.A. Master\"\" soundtrack), which is a long time hit for Jason Paige, and the theme song from \"\"Drake & Josh\"\", \"\"Found a Way\"\", which was a hit for Drake Bell. The theme song from \"\"iCarly\"\", \"\"Leave It All To Me\"\", was a hit for Miranda Cosgrove and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1462909",
"chunk_text": "\"The Music of Ooo\"\nfinalized theme song was originally recorded as a temp track, ambient noises can be hard throughout. For instance, the sound of Derek Drymon typing can be heard while Jake is walking through the Ice Kingdom. The record contains only two first season songs. The first of these is \"\"The Jiggler\"\", taken from the episode of the same name. The song was produced by Casey James Basichis and makes heavy use of auto-tune. The final first season song, \"\"The Home Song\"\" (which has also been released as the \"\"House Hunting Song\"\") was the first musical piece produced for \"\"Adventure Time\"\". The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2764029",
"chunk_text": "\"Noel Pix\"\nNoel Pix Jochen \"\"Noel Pix\"\" Seibert (March 25, 1972 in Munich, West Germany) is a German rock and house musician. He is the lead guitarist and programmer of the German Neue Deutsche Härte band Eisbrecher. Pix formerly belonged also to the band Megaherz as the band's keyboardist. He releases his house tracks under the alias \"\"Housemaster Kinky J\"\". Noel Pix sings the German translations of theme songs for anime series like Pokémon, Digimon or Dragon Ball Z. He had one hit in the German, Austrian, and Swiss singles chart: The theme song for the second season of Pokémon (\"\"Pokémon Welt\"\")",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13283965",
"chunk_text": "\"Ralph Schuckett\"\nHe has composed music for hundreds of TV commercials, for products such as BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi, Chevrolet and Federal Express among others. Since 1999, he has been the senior composer for 4Kids Productions, providing underscores for three \"\"Pokémon\"\" feature films, as well as animated TV series including \"\"Pokémon\"\", \"\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Yu-Gi-Oh!\"\", \"\"Cubix\"\", \"\"Sonic X\"\", \"\"Chaotic\"\", \"\"Dinosaur King\"\", \"\"Viva Piñata\"\" and many others. Ralph Schuckett Ralph Dion Schuckett (born March 2, 1948 in Los Angeles, California) is an American keyboardist, songwriter, record producer and TV/film composer. He played with Clear Light (1966−68), The Peanut Butter Conspiracy (1968−70), Jo",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5630258",
"chunk_text": "\"John Loeffler\"\nJohn Loeffler John Loeffler (sometimes credited as John Leffler or Joe Loeffler, June 3, 1951) is a songwriter and record producer, and is the CEO of \"\"Rave Music\"\", a company which produces commercial soundtracks. He is best known for co-producing most of the music for the English adaptation of the \"\"Pokémon anime\"\" series, most notably the \"\"Pokémon Theme\"\". Loeffler also produced an album for the series called \"\"Pokémon 2.B.A. Master\"\". Most recently, Loeffler has started Fieldhouse Music, a record label aimed at discovering new talent for film and television. In 2016, he composed music for Genius Brands' web series \"\"SpacePOP\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11661549",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: Giratina and the Sky Warrior\"\nMay 23 on Jetix in the UK. It aired in Pakistan on August 21, 2011 on Cartoon Network Pakistan. The events of the film take place during the 11th season of . The movie was officially announced in a teaser trailer attached to the end of the previous film, \"\"\"\". In the trailer, Regigigas was shown appearing from beneath the ground. This is the only teaser since \"\"\"\" to feature anything beyond a title and a release date. The theme song for the film is \"\"ONE\"\", by Crystal Kay, and \"\"This is a Beautiful World\"\", by Aaron Brotherton for the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8269079",
"chunk_text": "\"Hannah Montana (season 1)\"\nbegan November 7, 2005. The theme song for \"\"Hannah Montana\"\" is \"\"The Best of Both Worlds\"\" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composes the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series. The full-length version, which is 2 minutes, 54 seconds in length, was included on the show's soundtrack, released in October 2006. For the TV version of the theme, which lasts only 50 seconds, only",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12394801",
"chunk_text": "\"One (Crystal Kay song)\"\nOne (Crystal Kay song) \"\"One\"\" is Crystal Kay's 24th single, it was released on July 16, 2008. On March 3, 2008, it was revealed that Kay was chosen to sing the theme song to the eleventh Pokémon film \"\"\"\". Kay also played the voice of Lucky, Nurse Joy's Chansey, in the film. The film's producers had apparently been considering the singer since 2001, when she sang \"\"Lost Child\"\" with Shinichi Osawa and Hiroshi Fujiwara for the soundtrack of the drama \"\"Satorare\"\". \"\"Giratina to Sora no Hanataba: Sheimi\"\" was released in Japan on July 19, three days after the release of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3707405",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: Jirachi—Wish Maker\"\n(due to Miramax being owned by Disney at the time), being the first \"\"Pokémon\"\" film to air on Toon Disney. The events of the film take place during the sixth season of . The featured song in this movie is Asuca Hayashi's in the Japanese version while the English version, \"\"Make a Wish\"\", was sung by Cindy Mizelle. The tune of this song is also used as the lullaby May and Max's mother used to sing to them when they were children. This is the first movie in which the original Japanese song is also clearly used in the English",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9004784",
"chunk_text": "\"Naruto (season 1)\"\nthemes and two closing themes in the Japanese episodes and a single theme for the openings and endings in the English-dubbed version. The two Japanese opening themes are by Hound Dog, used for the first twenty-five episodes, with the rest using by Asian Kung-Fu Generation. The two closing themes are Japanese pop singer Akeboshi's \"\"Wind\"\" and \"\"Harmonia\"\" by Rythem, used for the first twenty-five and remaining episodes respectively. The opening and ending theme for the English airing is \"\"Rise\"\" by Jeremy Sweet and Ian Nickus, with an instrumental version played as the closing theme. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Naruto (season 1) The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5630259",
"chunk_text": "\"John Loeffler\"\nPrior to working on \"\"Pokémon\"\", Loeffler has also composed music for various commercials and television shows including the sitcom \"\"Kate and Allie\"\" (which he also wrote, composed and sang the theme song), the music video show \"\"Friday Night Videos\"\" and the soap opera \"\"Another World\"\" as well writing songs for a few films including \"\"Backstreet Dreams\"\" and \"\"Night Visitor\"\". John Loeffler John Loeffler (sometimes credited as John Leffler or Joe Loeffler, June 3, 1951) is a songwriter and record producer, and is the CEO of \"\"Rave Music\"\", a company which produces commercial soundtracks. He is best known for co-producing most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14311644",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon episodes removed from rotation\"\nHome!\"\", featuring Ash, Clemont, Serena, and Bonnie helping a Skrelp (Kuzumo) return to its family in a sunken cruise ship, was originally set to broadcast on April 24, 2014. However, the then recent sinking of MV \"\"Sewol\"\" led to the episode being pulled from its timeslot with plans for a later broadcast which Japan did eventually see officially on November 20, 2014. It has been said that it had its world debut in South Korea on August 8, 2014. It also finally made its English debut on February 7, 2015, with the season 18 theme song \"\"Be a Hero\"\". The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12394802",
"chunk_text": "\"One (Crystal Kay song)\"\nthe single. Regular edition Pokémon edition One (Crystal Kay song) \"\"One\"\" is Crystal Kay's 24th single, it was released on July 16, 2008. On March 3, 2008, it was revealed that Kay was chosen to sing the theme song to the eleventh Pokémon film \"\"\"\". Kay also played the voice of Lucky, Nurse Joy's Chansey, in the film. The film's producers had apparently been considering the singer since 2001, when she sang \"\"Lost Child\"\" with Shinichi Osawa and Hiroshi Fujiwara for the soundtrack of the drama \"\"Satorare\"\". \"\"Giratina to Sora no Hanataba: Sheimi\"\" was released in Japan on July 19,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20464282",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: The First Movie\"\nhad new music re-recorded for the film's release, citing that it \"\"would better reflect what American kids would respond to\"\". John Loeffler of Rave Music produced the English-language music and composed the film score with Ralph Schuckett. Loeffler also collaborated with John Lissauer and Manny Corallo to produce the English-language \"\"Pikachu's Vacation\"\" score. Grossfeld also revealed that the English version of the film \"\"combines the visual sense of the best Japanese animation with the musical sensibility of Western pop culture\"\". Toshihiro Ono, author of \"\"\"\", created a manga version of the film. Asked by editors to draw Mewtwo's birth, he",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7305823",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nafter the release of the mobile game \"\"Pokémon Go\"\", the song had a 630% increase in listeners on music streaming platform Spotify. There were instances of police cars playing the song through loudspeakers while driving near \"\"Pokémon Go\"\" players, as well as groups of people singing the song in public. Afterwards, Dutch electronic music artist Hardwell played the theme at the 2016 edition of Ultra Europe as one of his final tunes. The same month, after rising up to 1,079% in sales, the song hit number four on \"\"Billboard\"\"'s \"\"Kids Digital Songs\"\" chart after initially peaking at 10 in 2010,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12529623",
"chunk_text": "\"Erin Bowman\"\nsolo performance. After graduating from high school, Bowman began going to New York City meeting with producers, auditioning for production companies and girl groups. She started working with a producer in New York and began writing and recording original music at the age of 18. At the age of 18, Erin Bowman was commuting to New York City writing and recording her music. Composer David Wolfert, working a few doors down from the studio, overheard one of Bowman's tracks. Wolfert, at that time, was looking for a female singer for , the twelfth season of the Pokémon animated series, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7305824",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Theme\"\nas well as peaking at number three on the \"\"Hot Dance Singles Sales\"\" chart. Despite the resurgence, Paige did not receive any royalties from the song. In response to the success of the mobile app \"\"Pokémon Go\"\", Paige re-recorded the theme. In an interview with the \"\"New York Post\"\", Paige claimed that he did not originally expect the song to become popular when he first recorded it, stating that he \"\"didn’t really know much about \"\"Pokémon\"\"\"\" when he did the demo, other than a scene in the animated series that caused bouts of epileptic seizures in Japan. Although Paige recorded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7755119",
"chunk_text": "\"Rola (model)\"\n(of Da Pump) and SoulJa's song \"\"I hate u\"\". She made her solo debut in July 2012 with the song \"\"Memories\"\", the theme song for the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime film \"\"\"\", in which she also has a cameo voice appearance. It peaked at number 14 on the \"\"Oricon\"\" Chart in its first week of release. In September 2012, Rola met with Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen in Tokyo following her own lip-dub version of Jepsen's hit \"\"Call Me Maybe\"\", and expressed her intention to master English in order to broaden her horizons. Rola joined the social media site Twitter on February",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15717151",
"chunk_text": "\"Digimon Adventure 02\"\ndubbed as the first season of \"\"Digimon: Digital Monsters\"\", the original soundtrack of the show was replaced by music composed by Udi Harpaz and Shuki Levy, and the opening theme is \"\"Digimon Theme\"\" by Paul Gordon. Other songs featured in the show include \"\"Let's Kick it Up\"\", \"\"Change into Power\"\", and \"\"Hey Digimon\"\", also by Gordon. Jasan Radford also performed songs to the show, including \"\"Run Around\"\", \"\"Going Digital\"\", and \"\"Strange.\"\" The songs, including \"\"Digimon Theme\"\", were released on the of \"\"\"\". After the success of season 1 of \"\"Digimon: Digital Monsters\"\", the producers requested the writers to add more",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "409809",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon: The Movie 2000\"\nothers, by Australian singer Tina Arena. The B-52's also recorded the song \"\"The Chosen One\"\" just for the movie. The North American soundtrack was released alongside the film in 2000 by WB's then-sister company Atlantic Records on Audio CD and Compact Cassette and includes many songs by popular artists, such as \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic (who later came into conflict with Atlantic) and The B-52's (once signed to Warner Bros. Records, a sister label to Atlantic), many of which do not actually appear in the film. The film score composed and conducted by Ralph Schuckett was also released on a separate",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4738237",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon Live!\"\nPokémon Live! Pokémon Live! was a musical stage show that toured the United States on September 22, 2000 to January 19, 2001. The musical was based on the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime series, using similar characters, clothing, and story elements. The show uses songs previously released on the \"\"Pokémon\"\" anime soundtracks \"\"Pokémon 2BA Master\"\" and \"\"Totally Pokémon\"\" as well as original songs. Approximately 90 minutes in length, it told the story of Ash Ketchum, Misty and Brock as they travel to a contest to win the much sought-after Diamond Badge. The event turns out to be part of a plan by the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20293853",
"chunk_text": "\"Jonas (season 1)\"\nits first season. The theme song for \"\"JONAS\"\" is \"\"Live to Party\"\", performed by the Jonas Brothers (as Jonas). The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series – the Jonas' lifestyle. The full-length version, which is 2 minutes, 55 seconds in length, was included on \"\"Disney Channel Playlist\"\", the video game \"\"Jonas\"\" and a UK bonus track for the band's third album, \"\"A Little Bit Longer\"\". For the TV version of the theme, which lasts only 50 seconds, only the first two stanzas and the last two were used. The opening sequence shows the main cast members",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8993360",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon X and Y\"\nby Shota Kageyama, Minako Adachi, Hitomi Sato, Junichi Masuda, Go Ichinose, and Morikazu Aoki. This was the first usage of the Nintendo 3DS's sound capabilities for the Pokémon series, and Masuda expressed delight over improved sound quality and expression. Similar to the theme of \"\"X\"\" and \"\"Y\"\" themselves, the soundtrack of the games were designed to emphasize beauty. Kageyama sought inspiration from the music of France as well; however, he indicated hesitation in making the music sound too French. During an interview with \"\"Famitsu\"\" magazine, Masuda stated that the Japanese harp was used in place of an accordion in certain",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "573951",
"chunk_text": "\".hack//Legend of the Twilight\"\nthe original title during the show's run on Cartoon Network. The opening theme music is \"\"New World\"\", performed by Round Table featuring Nino. The ending theme is \"\"Emerald Green\"\", performed by See-Saw and lyrics by Yuki Kajiura and Chiaki Ishikawa. Victor Entertainment released the soundtrack to the anime on February 21, 2003. Chiaki Ishikawa and Katsutoshi Kitagawa composed the lyrics while See Saw, Yoko Ueno, and Round Table with Nino performed the songs. Yuji Yoshino composed the songs, and Masanori Shimada and Round Table arranged them. Three CDs for the TV anime series were released.The first is a single of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3505173",
"chunk_text": "\"The 1UP Show\"\ncard. Original music for the series was composed by Ryan O'Donnell. Though the show featured an opening title sequence featuring members of the 1UP.com staff, neither the cast nor crew of \"\"The 1UP Show\"\" were formally credited. Season 2 of \"\"The 1UP Show\"\" saw the introduction of a standard opening credits sequence, accompanied by an original theme song written and performed by Eric Haller and Jane Pinckard. Managing Editor Che Chou left the 1UP.com staff and Ziff Davis early in the season to work under Microsoft (under the Turn 10 development team) to develop an Xbox 360 game, \"\"Forza Motorsport",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6403377",
"chunk_text": "\"Cristina D'Avena\"\nCristina D'Avena Cristina D'Avena (born 6 July 1964 in Bologna) is an Italian singer and actress. She sings for television and animation series, and has recorded numerous albums, selling nearly 7 million copies. D'Avena is well known in Italy for performing theme songs to hundreds of Italian dubs of Japanese and American animated TV series. In all, she has sung 721 songs, including theme songs for \"\"Sailor Moon\"\", \"\"Kimagure Orange Road\"\", \"\"Ai Shite Knight\"\", \"\"Marmalade Boy\"\", \"\"Ace o Nerae!\"\", \"\"Touch\"\", \"\"Pokémon\"\", \"\"Attack No. 1\"\", \"\"One Piece\"\", \"\"Candy Candy\"\", \"\"La Seine no Hoshi\"\", \"\"Magic Knight Rayearth\"\", \"\"Dr. Slump\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Himitsu no",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18337224",
"chunk_text": "\"Yurika (musician)\"\nYurika (musician) , mononymously known by the stage name Yurika (stylized as YURiKA) is a Japanese musician from Hasuda, Saitama who is signed to Toho Animation Records. She made her professional debut in 2017 with the release of the single \"\"Shiny Ray\"\", the title track of which was used as the first opening theme to the anime television series \"\"Little Witch Academia\"\". Yurika was born in Hasuda, Saitama on October 29, 1995. From an early age, she had dreamed of becoming a musician. She started playing the piano at the age of 3, and she also listened to the music",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17127115",
"chunk_text": "\"Toshiko Ezaki\"\nToshiko Ezaki Ezaki has composed many songs for well-known Japanese artists, including Kosuke Atari and Misaki Usuzawa, and has sung background vocals for several more. She has also composed music and done vocals on many television and radio commercials, and has created instrumental pieces both internationally and in Japan. In 2002, Ezaki was put in charge of composing the music and singing the ending theme song for the animated cartoon series Pocket Monsters (or ‘Pokémon’). Her songs included \"\"Because the Sky is There\"\" and \"\"Smile\"\". In 2012, she composed and sang background vocals on Pokémon’s ending theme song, \"\"Seven-colored Arch\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3794618",
"chunk_text": "\"Eric Stuart\"\nEric Stuart Eric S. Stuart (born October 18, 1967) is an American voice actor, voice director and musician who worked for 4Kids Entertainment, NYAV Post, and Central Park Media. He provides voices for English dubs of anime, cartoons, and video games. Some of his most prominent roles include Brock and James in \"\"Pokémon\"\", Seto Kaiba in \"\"Yu-Gi-Oh!\"\", and Gourry Gabriev in \"\"Slayers\"\". His rock band, the Eric Stuart Band, has toured with many acts in the 1990s including Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band and Peter Frampton. Stuart was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a modern dancer mother and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13658392",
"chunk_text": "\"Noam Kaniel\"\nNoam Kaniel Noam Kaniel Also known as \"\"Noam\"\", (; born August 18, 1962) is an Israeli singer, musician, and composer, who has sold over 8 million records, and is known for composing or performing the theme songs of many animated series including \"\"X-Men\"\", \"\"Goldorak\"\", \"\"The Mysterious Cities of Gold\"\", \"\"Heathcliff\"\" (1984 TV series), \"\"Code Lyoko\"\", \"\"Miraculous Ladybug\"\", \"\"Digimon Fusion, Glitter Force,\"\" and \"\"Power Rangers\"\" (2011–present). Noam was born in Tel Aviv, Israel. He began singing at the age of eight, taking second place in a children's singing contest organized by his future most frequent collaborator, producer Haim Saban, in partnership",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7105932",
"chunk_text": "\"Random Encounters\"\nRandom Encounters Random Encounters is an American musical web series co-created by AJ Pinkerton and Peter Srinivasan. The series' first official short, \"\"A Pikachu Song\"\", premiered on YouTube on June 7, 2011. Since launching, the series has been partnered with Disney Digital Network, Maker Studios, and at one point IGN Entertainment. Each short consists of an original musical number (often performed by live-action actors in cosplay) recreating scenes or starring characters from a popular video game series (such as \"\"The Legend of Zelda\"\" or \"\"Pokémon\"\"). The series was first inspired in 2010 when the creators' \"\"Sonic the Hedgehog\"\" musical parody",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17353168",
"chunk_text": "\"Infinite Ryvius\"\nInfinite Ryvius The character and mecha designs in \"\"RYVIUS\"\" were created by Hisashi Hirai, who later went on to act as character designer for \"\"Gundam SEED\"\". The series is also noted for its music, a blend of western R&B/hip-hop music with J-pop vocals. This is evident in the opening song, \"\"dis–\"\", performed by bilingual Japanese-American singer Mika Arisaka. Most of the vocal songs were composed by M.I.D. and the thematic background instrumentals by Katsuhisa Hattori. The anime was originally licensed by Bandai Entertainment in North America before going out of print in 2012. Following the 2012 closure of Bandai Entertainment,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5112474",
"chunk_text": "\"Music of Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex\"\nin the SiLenT ForeSt\"\" (performed by Ilaria Graziano and written by Shanti Snyder), while \"\"Living Inside the Shell\"\" was replaced with \"\"Somewhere in the Silence (Sniper's Theme)\"\" (performed by Ilaria Graziano and written by Tim Jensen). is the first original soundtrack to the anime series \"\"\"\", composed by Yoko Kanno and co-produced by Toshiaki Ota. It features music composed for the first season of the series, and is produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai. A later release of the album, entitled , contains TV edits of the themes \"\"GET9\"\" from the terrestrial broadcasts of \"\"S.A.C.\"\" and \"\"rise\"\" from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8347471",
"chunk_text": "\"Pokémon (anime)\"\nreruns of old episodes as well as a number of 'Research' episodes involving live-action elements. Regular guests include Golgo Matsumoto and Red Yoshida of TIM; Hiroshi Yamamoto, Ryūji Akiyama, and Hiroyuki Baba of Robert; Becky (through September 2006), and Shoko Nakagawa (starting October 2006). is the successor to the \"\"Pokémon Sunday\"\" series. It aired from October 3, 2010, to September 28, 2013. Like its predecessors, \"\"Pokémon Smash!\"\" is a variety show that features live-action segments and reruns of old anime episodes. The theme song is \"\"Endless Fighters\"\" by AAA. Regular guests include Golgo Matsumoto and Red Yoshida of TIM; Shoko",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12255033",
"chunk_text": "\"Adventure Time\"\nbefore the series aired. The show's eponymous theme song is sung by Ward, accompanied by a ukulele. It is first heard in the pilot episode; in that version Ward is accompanied by an acoustic guitar. For the version used in the series, Ward sung in a higher register to match with the higher range of the ukulele. The finalized version of the theme song was originally supposed to be a temporary version. Ward said, \"\"I recorded the lyrics for the opening title in the animatics room where we have this little crummy microphone just so that we could add it",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_696
|
where was the rise of the planet of the apes filmed?
|
n/a
|
[
"Oahu, Hawaii",
"Vancouver, British Columbia",
"San Francisco, California"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352139",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nthe evolution of the apes, and there's a lot more stories to tell after this. I imagine the next film will be about the all-out war between the apes and humans.\"\" Mark Bomback did an uncredited rewrite of the script. Filming began in July 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Filming also happened in San Francisco, California (the primary setting of the film), and around Oahu, Hawaii, which doubled for the African jungle as the schedule and budget did not allow for location shooting in Africa. As the apes in \"\"Rise\"\" were meant to be actual apes, the producers decided not",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10914994",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (2001 film)\"\npump in extra water. The film was mostly shot at Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California, while other filming locations included lava plains in Hawaii and Trona Pinnacles at Ridgecrest. To preserve secrecy, the shooting script did not include the ending. Stan Winston was the original makeup designer but left because of creative differences. Fox considered using computer-generated imagery to create the apes, but Burton insisted on using prosthetic makeup designed by Rick Baker. Baker was previously involved with Adam Rifkin's unproduced remake. Burton commented, \"\"I have a relationship with both of them [Winston and Baker], so that decision",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1973441",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nthe locations depicted in the film, the forests, and the variety of landscapes. Filming in New Orleans started in May 2013 and continued in July 2013 at various locations such as the former Six Flags park Six Flags New Orleans. Like \"\"Rise\"\", visual effects for \"\"Dawn\"\" were done by Weta Digital. In addition to the apes, Weta created other digital animals, such as a herd of elk, a grizzly bear, and CG doubles of the live horses. The elk were created using key-frame animation and the digital crowd enhancement software MASSIVE, the bear through key-frame animation, and the horses with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15254340",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (1968 film)\"\nwho designed prosthetic make up in the film, held training sessions at 20th Century-Fox studios, where he mentored other make-up artists of the film. Filming began on May 21, 1967, and ended on August 10, 1967. Most of the early scenes of a desert-like terrain were shot in northern Arizona near the Grand Canyon, the Colorado River, Lake Powell, Glen Canyon and other locations near Page, Arizona Most scenes of the ape village, interiors and exteriors, were filmed on the Fox Ranch in Malibu Creek State Park, northwest of Los Angeles, essentially the backlot of 20th Century Fox. The concluding",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11413900",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (1968 film)\"\nJ. Schaffner to direct the film. Schaffner's changes included an ape society less advanced—and therefore less expensive to depict—than that of the original novel. Filming took place between May 21 and August 10, 1967, in California, Utah and Arizona, with desert sequences shot in and around Lake Powell, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. The film's final \"\"closed\"\" cost was $5.8 million. The film was released on February 8, 1968, in the United States and was a commercial success, earning a lifetime domestic gross of $32.6 million. The film was groundbreaking for its prosthetic makeup techniques by artist John Chambers and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18352140",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nto use actors in ape suits. After considering real apes, instead Weta Digital created the apes digitally in almost every case through performance capture. Advances in the technology allowed the use of performance capture in an exterior environment, affording the film-makers the freedom to shoot much of the film on location with other actors, as opposed to the confines of a soundstage. The main breakthrough was a camera that enabled viewing the motion capture dots in daylight, employed mostly for the Golden Gate Bridge battle. A maximum of six actors could have their movements captured, with larger ape crowds using",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
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"chunk_id": "1695980",
"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nWoody Harrelson had been cast as the film's antagonist, and that Chavarria's role was supporting. In October 2015, TheWrap reported that Steve Zahn was cast as a new ape in the film. It was also announced that actress Amiah Miller was cast as one of the film's humans, with Judy Greer and Karin Konoval reprising their roles as Cornelia and Maurice, while Aleks Paunovic and Sara Canning were cast as new apes. Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title \"\"Hidden Fortress\"\". Filming was expected to take place",
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"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nKodi Smit-McPhee were cast in lead roles for the sequel, set ten years after the events from the first film. In March 2013, actress Keri Russell was cast in a role. That same month, Judy Greer was cast as Cornelia, a female chimp and love interest for Caesar. Toby Kebbell, Enrique Murciano and Kirk Acevedo joined the cast during filming. On May 15, 2013, Jocko Sims was cast in a supporting role of military operative Werner. Filming began in April 2013 around the town of Campbell River, British Columbia. The location of Vancouver Island was chosen for its similarity to",
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"chunk_id": "14794006",
"chunk_text": "\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\nreferences to the racial conflicts in North America during the early 1970s, and Thompson further highlighted by shooting some scenes in a manner similar to a news broadcast. The primary location was Century City, Los Angeles, that had previously been part of the 20th Century Fox backlot and translated well the bleak future with monochromatic buildings in a sterile ultramodern style. Also used as a shooting location was the University of California, Irvine, in Orange County. In addition, TV producer Irwin Allen contributed props and clothes to the film: he let the makers of 'Conquest' borrow his Seaview jumpsuits from",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "6428755",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nDawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", which began 20th Century Fox's reboot of the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series. \"\"Dawn\"\" is set ten years after the events of \"\"Rise\"\", and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle",
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},
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"chunk_id": "18352125",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nRise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series of films. Its premise is similar to the fourth film in the original series, \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1972), but it is not a",
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"page_id": 10
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"chunk_id": "17002506",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (2001 film)\"\nactive development. Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal rewrote the script, and filming took place from November 2000 to April 2001. \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" was released to mixed reviews, but was a financial success. Much criticism focused on the confusing plot and ending, although Rick Baker's prosthetic makeup designs were praised. Despite its financial success, 20th Century Fox chose not to produce a sequel, and later rebooted the franchise in 2011 with \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\". In 2029, aboard the United States Air Force space station \"\"Oberon\"\", Leo Davidson works closely with primates who are trained for",
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},
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"chunk_id": "15254341",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (1968 film)\"\nbeach scenes were filmed on a stretch of California seacoast between Malibu and Oxnard with cliffs that towered 130 feet above the shore. Reaching the beach on foot was virtually impossible, so cast, crew, film equipment, and even horses had to be lowered in by helicopter. The home movies of Roddy McDowall (on YouTube) show makeup, the Ape Village set and the beach site/set - a wooden ramp was built around the point from Westward Beach to Pirates Cove for access to the beach set. The remains of the Statue of Liberty were shot in a secluded cove on the",
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"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nthere until early March 2016. Parts of the film were expected to shoot for up to five days in the Kananaskis in late January and early February. In March, Serkis confirmed that he had finished shooting his portions. As with \"\"Rise\"\" and \"\"Dawn\"\", the visual effects for \"\"War\"\" were created by Weta Digital; the apes were created with a mixture of motion-capture and CGI key-frame animation, as they were performed in motion-capture technology and animated in CGI. At New York Comic-Con 2016, Reeves explained that he and Bomback were influenced by many films before writing. He said, \"\"One of the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 13
},
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"chunk_id": "4747314",
"chunk_text": "\"Muir Woods National Monument\"\nmonument was a setting in \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011), \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014) and the first act of \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2017), though all three films were in fact filmed in British Columbia. Jack Kerouac discusses hiking though Muir Woods in his book The Dharma Bums. Muir Woods National Monument Muir Woods National Monument is a United States National Monument managed by the National Park Service. It is located on Mount Tamalpais near the Pacific coast, in southwestern Marin County, California. It is part of the Golden Gate",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "17941427",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nfully digital animals animated using Weta's move library. The Golden Gate Bridge set used both a physical set which was extended digitally, and a fully computer-generated model of the bridge that also included the ocean and nearby hills. After shooting the actors playing humans interacting with others wearing the motion capture suits, a clean plate was shot with actors for extra reference. Actor-stuntman Terry Notary guided the actors on realistic ape movement, while Weta studied the chimps in the Wellington Zoo for reference. The digital apes also received detailed models with skeletons, muscles and nerve tissue layers for accurate animation.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "3114278",
"chunk_text": "\"Linda Harrison (actress)\"\nof her. Most pleasant, most charming, very cooperative, very hard-working. She was always there half an hour before her call and she always stayed on for a half hour just in case. Interested in everything that went on, and was a total joy. I couldn't ask for a more cooperative actor.\"\" \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" commenced filming on May 21, 1967 and ended August 10, 1967. The first scenes were shot on locations near Page, Arizona. Horseshoe Bend on the Colorado River stood in for the Forbidden Zone, through which Taylor, Zira, Cornelius, and Harrison's Nova fled after escaping from",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 16
},
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"chunk_id": "7073564",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nEyes is forced from her cage, goes on a rampage, and is shot to death. Will's boss Steven Jacobs terminates the project and has the chimps slaughtered. However, Will's assistant Robert Franklin discovers that the reason for Bright Eyes' rampage was that she had recently given birth to an infant chimp. Will reluctantly agrees to take in the chimp, who is named Caesar. Will learns that Caesar has inherited his mother's intelligence and decides to raise him. Three years later, Will introduces Caesar to the redwood forest at Muir Woods National Monument. Meanwhile, Will treats his dementia-suffering father Charles with",
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"chunk_id": "14920082",
"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nto the fifth film in the original series, \"\"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\"\", but it is not a direct remake. Principal photography began on October 14, 2015, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" premiered in New York City on July 10, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States on July 14, 2017, by 20th Century Fox. The film has grossed over $490 million and received critical praise, with many reviewers highlighting the performances (particularly Serkis's), visual effects, story, direction, and musical score. The film received a nomination for Best Special",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "18352126",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\ndirect remake of that film. In the film, a substance designed to help the brain repair itself gives advanced intelligence to a chimpanzee named Caesar, who leads an ape uprising. \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on August 5, 2011, to critical and commercial success. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. It was also nominated for five Saturn Awards including Best Director for Wyatt and Best Writing for Jaffa and Silver, winning Best Science Fiction Film, Best Supporting Actor for Serkis and Best Special Effects. Serkis's performance as Caesar was widely",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "20787630",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nRupert Wyatt. To portray ape characters realistically, the production avoided practical effects in favor of performance capture acting, partnering with New Zealand visual effects company Weta Digital. Wyatt cast James Franco as Will Rodman, while veteran performance capture actor Andy Serkis signed on to star as Caesar. \"\"Rise\"\" debuted on August 5, 2011. Critics reviewed it positively, especially praising the visual effects and Serkis's performance. It was a major box office hit, taking in $482 million globally, more than five times its $93 million budget. Weta's special effects earned the film two Visual Effects Society Awards and an Oscar nomination",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 20
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"chunk_id": "18352152",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\n2017. On May 14, 2015, the title was given as \"\"War of the Planet of the Apes\"\", later re-titled to \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Rise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 21
},
{
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"chunk_id": "6428785",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nApes\"\". In September 2015, it was announced that Woody Harrelson had been cast as the film's antagonist. In October 2015, Steve Zahn was cast as a new ape in the film, retitled as \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Dawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 22
},
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"chunk_id": "18352135",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nnose begins to drip blood onto the floor. A graphic traces the spread of the humanity-ravaging virus around the globe via international flight routes. In 2006, screenwriter-producer Rick Jaffa was searching for a script idea. As Jaffa searched a newspaper articles clipping, one about pet chimpanzees that become troublesome to their owners and heartbroken for not adapting well to the human environment intrigued him. As Jaffa eventually realized it fit the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, he called his wife and screenwriting partner Amanda Silver to express his ideas of such a chimpanzee eventually starting the ape revolution, and then",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "11454856",
"chunk_text": "\"Beneath the Planet of the Apes\"\nrelease, the producers were considering ideas for another sequel. Production began in February 1969. The sequel, now titled \"\"Beneath the Planet of the Apes\"\", had its budget reduced from $5 million to $2.5 million because Fox had suffered recently from several underperforming big-budget films, like \"\"Star!\"\", \"\"Hello, Dolly!\"\" and \"\"Tora! Tora! Tora!\"\" Nonetheless, the studio expected the film to return Fox to profitability. Heston's parts were filmed in just eight days. The sets of the mutants' council chamber and the temple of the bomb were redresses of the Grand Central – 42nd Street station and hotel lobby sets from the",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 24
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"chunk_id": "18352134",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\ndeath in the bay below. As the apes find their way into the forest, Will catches up to them in a stolen police car and warns Caesar that the humans will hunt them down, and begs him to return home. In response, Caesar hugs him and says that \"\"Caesar is home\"\". Will, realizing that this is indeed their last goodbye, respects Caesar's wishes. The apes embrace their new lifestyle in the forest. In a mid-credits scene, an infected Hunsiker leaves his house for work as an airline pilot, arriving at San Francisco International Airport for his flight to Paris. His",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 25
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"chunk_id": "6428757",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nnominated for eight Saturn Awards, including Best Science Fiction Film, Best Director for Reeves, and Best Supporting Actor for Serkis. A third installment, titled \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\", was released on July 14, 2017. Ten years after the pandemic of the deadly ALZ-113 virus, later called Simian Flu, the worldwide human population was drastically reduced, with only about one in five hundred genetically immune to the virus. Meanwhile, the apes, under the chimpanzee Caesar, all bestowed with genetically enhanced intelligence by the virus, have long established a colony in the Muir Woods near San Francisco. One day,",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 26
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"chunk_id": "16735749",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nCaesar as he leads the apes and their human subjects after a devastating war that destroyed much of the planet. He contends with both an attack by radiation-scarred human mutants and a coup attempt as he attempts to build a better society for both apes and humans. McDowall returned as Caesar, and Severn Darden returned as Kolp. Paul Williams played the orangutan Virgil, Austin Stoker played MacDonald (the brother of Hari Rhodes' character), and Claude Akins played the evil gorilla general Aldo. John Huston played the orangutan Lawgiver in a frame narrative. The film opened on May 2, 1973. It",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "18352150",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\na platform for future films. We're trying to plant a lot of the seeds for a lot of the things you are talking about in terms of the different apes and so forth.\"\" On May 31, 2012, 20th Century Fox announced that the sequel would be named \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". Reports said that Wyatt was leaving the sequel due to his concern that a May 2014 release date would not give him enough time to properly make the film; he was replaced by \"\"Cloverfield\"\" director Matt Reeves. Jaffa and Silver returned as producers and to pen",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "18352151",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nthe screenplay, with rewrites from Scott Z. Burns and Mark Bomback. Taking place ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", \"\"Dawn\"\" follows Caesar's growing nation of evolved apes. Andy Serkis, Terry Notary and Karin Konoval reprise their roles as Caesar, Rocket and Maurice. James Franco returned as Will Rodman in a \"\"cameo via video\"\". \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released July 11, 2014. On January 6, 2014, 20th Century Fox announced a third installment with Reeves returning to direct and co-write along with Bomback, with a planned July 2016 release. In January 2015, Fox delayed the release to July 14,",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "18352143",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nother motion capture team actors were also used, especially Devyn Dalton, whose height matched that of a chimpanzee. Along with that, they used Notary to play Caesar in stunt-filled scenes such as the Golden Gate Bridge scene. The score for the film was written by Patrick Doyle and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony conducted by James Shearman. The main concern was to have the music help progress the plot in the scenes without dialogue, for instance, conveying the emotions of Caesar's relationships with Will and Charles. To turn the score into a \"\"driving force that keeps audiences paying attention,\"\"",
"is_relevant": null,
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},
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"chunk_id": "20787631",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nat the 84th Academy Awards, among other accolades. The strength of Serkis's performance also inspired Fox to promote him for Oscar consideration; he was not nominated by Academy voters. Following the movie's success, Fox immediately planned for a sequel. Producers Peter Chernin and Dylan Clark started planning the film eventually titled \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" just after \"\"Rise\"\"s release in 2011. Fox allocated a budget of $170 million. Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver returned to pen the script and produce, and the studio quickly signed Andy Serkis to reprise his role as Caesar. Director Rupert Wyatt withdrew",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 31
},
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"chunk_id": "18352133",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nThe apes flee the facility, releasing Koba and the remaining apes from Gen-Sys, and free more apes from the San Francisco Zoo on the way. A battle ensues as the ape army fights their way past a police blockade on the Golden Gate Bridge to escape into the redwood forest. Buck sacrifices himself to save Caesar by jumping into the helicopter in which Jacobs is riding. The helicopter crashes onto the bridge, trapping Jacobs in the wreckage. While Caesar ignores Jacobs' pledges for help, he instead allows Koba to seize his chance for revenge and sends Jacobs falling to his",
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"chunk_id": "6188297",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (TV series)\"\nand aired successfully in September 1973. Based largely on high viewership of \"\"movie-of-the-week\"\" TV broadcasts of the first few films, CBS began to focus away from other contenders for a new science-fiction series, including Gene Roddenberry's \"\"Genesis II\"\" (1973) and look solely at the prospects for an \"\"Apes\"\" TV series. Fox and CBS went on to continue Jacob's plans of a series the following year. CBS ordered 14 episodes of \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" to be produced. The series was filmed for the most part on location at what is now Malibu Creek State Park, with a budget of about",
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"chunk_id": "2347544",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nZone\"\", to pen the screenplay. Serling's script changed elements of Boulle's novel, introducing Cold War themes; notably, he devised a new twist ending that revealed the planet to be a future Earth where humans had destroyed themselves through nuclear warfare. Production costs were estimated at over $10 million, a risk no studio in either Hollywood or Europe would assume. Jacobs and associate producer Mort Abrahams persevered, and eventually persuaded Charlton Heston to star; Heston in turn recommended director Franklin J. Schaffner. The team recorded a brief screen test featuring Heston, which ultimately convinced 20th Century Fox the film could succeed.",
"is_relevant": null,
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"chunk_id": "16735765",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nspecial effects. The film succeeded at the box office, taking in $362 million worldwide. Fox had initially hoped for a sequel, but the difficult production left Burton unenthusiastic about participating, and the film failed to generate enough interest for the studio to pursue a follow-up. In 2005, screenwriters Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver developed a concept for a new \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" film, eventually titled \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\". Inspired by news articles on apes raised as humans and advances in genetics, Jaffa conceived an idea for a film about a genetically enhanced chimp raised in",
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},
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"chunk_id": "8467545",
"chunk_text": "\"Jurassic Park\"\nher role, with the film expected for release in 2008. The film was further delayed by the 200708 Writers Guild of America strike. Mark Protosevich wrote two film treatments in 2011, which were rejected. \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" screenwriters Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver were hired in 2012 to write an early draft of the script. In 2013, Colin Trevorrow was announced as a director and co-writer, with the film scheduled for release on June 12, 2015. The film was shot in 3D, and received generally positive reviews. The film features a new park, Jurassic World, built",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "2347539",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nseries commenced in 2011 with \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", which was followed by \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" in 2014 and \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" in 2017. The films have grossed a total of over $2 billion worldwide, against a combined budget of $567.5 million. Along with further narratives in various media, franchise tie-ins include video games, toys, and planned theme park rides. \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" has received particular attention among film critics for its treatment of racial issues. Cinema and cultural analysts have also explored its Cold War and animal",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 37
},
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"chunk_id": "6428756",
"chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nto stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity, while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes. \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released in the United States on July 11, 2014 and was met with highly positive reviews, with critics praising its visual effects, story, direction, acting, musical score, action sequences and emotional depth. It was also a box office success, grossing over $710 million worldwide, and making it the eighth-highest-grossing film of 2014. The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects. It was also",
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"page_id": 38
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"chunk_id": "14920081",
"chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nWar for the Planet of the Apes War for the Planet of the Apes is a 2017 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback and Reeves. A sequel to \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011) and \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), it is the third installment in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series. The film stars Andy Serkis, Woody Harrelson and Steve Zahn, and follows a confrontation between the apes, led by Caesar, and the humans for control of Earth. Like its predecessor, its premise shares several similarities",
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"chunk_id": "9668129",
"chunk_text": "\"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\"\nHunter also stated that \"\"I was very glad I was killed off\"\" and Zira was not required anymore after that film. Hunter stated that despite the friendly atmosphere on the set, she and Roddy McDowall felt a sense of isolation for being the only people dressed as chimpanzees. Production was rushed due to the low budget, being filmed in only six weeks, from November 30, 1970 to January 19, 1971. According to \"\"Variety\"\", the film earned $5,560,000 in rentals at the North American box office. The film currently holds a 80% score on Rotten Tomatoes based on 25 reviews. The",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 40
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"chunk_id": "10914993",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (2001 film)\"\nPaul Giamatti's character \"\"was supposed to turn into a good guy. There was supposed to be this touching personal growth thing at the end,\"\" Giamatti reflected. \"\"But Tim [Burton] and I both thought that was kind of lame so we decided to just leave him as a jerk into the end.\"\" Burton wanted to begin filming in October 2000, but it was pushed back to November 6, 2000 and ended in April 2001. Filming for \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" began at Lake Powell, where parts of the original film were shot. Due to a local drought, production crews had to",
"is_relevant": null,
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"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_id": "7073563",
"chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nacclaimed, earning him many nominations from associations which do not usually recognize performance capture as traditional acting. A sequel to the film, \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", was released on July 11, 2014, and a third film, \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\", was released on July 14, 2017. Will Rodman, a scientist at the San Francisco biotech company Gen-Sys, is testing the viral-based drug ALZ-112 on chimpanzees to find a cure for Alzheimer's disease. ALZ-112 is given to a chimp named Bright Eyes, greatly increasing her intelligence. But then, during Will's presentation for the drug, Bright",
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"page_id": 42
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"chunk_id": "18560301",
"chunk_text": "\"Rampage (2018 film)\"\nbuilding materials and architecture styles. Up to 15,000 photographs were taken with 3D scanners, while motion cameras covered downtown Chicago. As reference for the building destruction, the artists studied both the World Trade Center attacks and implosions of buildings affected by the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake in Weta's hometown of Wellington. One of the more challenging aspects for Weta was figuring out how the weight and mass of the monsters would affect the city environment and destruction. Given Weta had plenty of experience creating animated apes in \"\"King Kong\"\" and \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" and its sequels \"\"Dawn\"\"",
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787632",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nfrom the project due to production and scheduling issues, and was replaced by Matt Reeves. Set ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", the film establishes that the \"\"simian flu\"\" that increased the intelligence of the apes has killed most humans. Caesar struggles to maintain peace as his ape community is drawn into violent clashes with nearby human survivors. Weta Digital again provided special effects work, which combined practical sets, digitally manipulated backgrounds, and performance capture ape characters. The lead human characters were played by Jason Clarke, as Malcolm; Keri Russell, as Ellie; and Gary Oldman, as Dreyfus. Released on July 11, 2014,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1084250",
"chunk_text": "\"Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes\"\nwho \"\"could not have survived\"\" in his world. In his book \"\"Harlan Ellison's Watching\"\", Harlan Ellison explains that the film's promotion as \"\"the definitive version\"\" of the Tarzan legend is misleading. He details production and scripting failures which in his opinion contribute to the film's inaccuracy. The film was shot in Korup National Park in western Cameroon and in Scotland. Several great houses in the UK were used for the Greystoke family seat: Screenwriter Robert Towne was slated to direct this film based on his screenplay, but he was sacked following the box-office failure of his directorial debut, \"\"Personal Best\"\".",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2986837",
"chunk_text": "\"Honopū Valley\"\nof Kauai, Hawaii stood in for South Pacific. Originally only the jungle scenes were to be shot in Hawaii and the rest on Zuma Beach, California. Producer Dino De Laurentiis, however, was so pleased with Hawaii that he decided to film all the beach scenes at Honopū and Kalalau Valley. The producers and production crew of \"\"King Kong\"\" were told that Honopū Valley was uninhabited, but on the day that they arrived to start filming, they were shocked to find honeymooners on the beach. Scenes that involved filming in the ocean were hard to film due to the 12-foot-high waves.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "20787634",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nof \"\"Dawn\"\", he was contracted to return as director; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Dylan Clark, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver again served as producers. Given a $150 million budget, \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on July 14, 2017. The film depicts the apes and humans in armed conflict, and follows Caesar and his followers as they track down the mysterious Colonel, a human paramilitary leader, and search for a new home. Serkis returned as Caesar, Woody Harrelson played the villainous Colonel, and Steve Zahn played Bad Ape. It earned widespread",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4349015",
"chunk_text": "\"King Kong (2005 film)\"\nwas intentionally modeled after and inspired by Orson Welles. Their new draft was finished in February 2004. Principal photography started on September 6, 2004 at Camperdown Studios in Miramar, New Zealand. Camperdown housed the native village and the Great Wall, while the streets of New York City were constructed on its backlot and at Gracefield in Lower Hutt, New Zealand. The majority of the SS \"\"Venture\"\" scenes were shot aboard a full-scale deck constructed in the parking lot at Camperdown Studio and then were backed with a green screen, with the ocean digitally added in post. Scenes set in the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11413898",
"chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes (1968 film)\"\nPlanet of the Apes (1968 film) Planet of the Apes is a 1968 American science fiction film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner. It stars Charlton Heston, Roddy McDowall, Kim Hunter, Maurice Evans, James Whitmore, James Daly and Linda Harrison. The screenplay by Michael Wilson and Rod Serling was loosely based on the 1963 French novel \"\"La Planète des Singes\"\" by Pierre Boulle. Jerry Goldsmith composed the groundbreaking avant-garde score. It was the first in a series of five films made between 1968 and 1973, all produced by Arthur P. Jacobs and released by 20th Century Fox. The film tells the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_697
|
where does wild caught sockeye salmon come from?
|
n/a
|
[
"the Northern Pacific Ocean"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340752",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nnet this species using seines and gillnets for fresh or frozen fillet sales and canning. The annual catch can reach 30 million fish in Bristol Bay, Alaska, which is the site of the world's largest sockeye harvest. Sockeye salmon have long been important in the diet and culture of the Coast Salish people of British Columbia. The largest spawning grounds in Asia are located on the Kamchatka Peninsula of the Russian Far East, especially on the Ozernaya River of the Kurile Lake, which accounts for nearly 90% of all Asian sockeye salmon production, and is recognized as the largest spawning",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5657017",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nmillion salmon returned to the Fraser River and its tributaries in 2010. In total, approximately 11,591,000 Fraser sockeye were caught by Canadian fishers and 1,974,000 Fraser sockeye were caught by American fishers. The final projected escapement (fish which were not caught) was 15,852,990 fish. Recent unpredictable fluctuations in runs are speculated to be due to changing water temperatures. Sockeye salmon Sockeye salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus nerka\"\"), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340732",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nSockeye salmon Sockeye salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus nerka\"\"), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning. They can grow up to in length and weigh . Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to . Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340753",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nground outside of Alaska. Illegal fishing in Kamchatka is subject to environmental concern. Sockeye is almost never farmed. A facility in Langley, BC harvested its first salmon in March 2013, and continues to harvest farmed salmon from its inland facility. United States sockeye salmon populations are currently listed under the US Endangered Species Act by the National Marine Fisheries Service as an endangered species in the Snake River and as a threatened species in Lake Ozette, Washington. The Snake River sockeye salmon was listed as endangered in November 1991, after the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe at Fort Hall Indian Reservation petitioned the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340751",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\ncan also occur and can lead to interactive segregation, which is when species emphasize their differences in diet and habitat to avoid competition. Interspecific competition can affect the growth rates of the salmon if their access to resources is limited. The total registered fisheries harvest of the sockeye in 2010 was some 170,000 tonnes, of which 115,000 tonnes were from the United States and the rest was equally divided between Canada and Russia. This corresponds to some 65 million fish in all, and to some 19% of the harvest of all Pacific salmon species by weight. Commercial fishermen in Alaska",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340735",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nin northern Hokkaidō Island in Japan in the western Pacific. They range as far north as the Bathurst Inlet in the Canadian Arctic in the east and the Anadyr River in Siberia in the west. The farthest inland sockeye salmon travel is to Redfish Lake, Idaho, over from the ocean and in elevation. Completely landlocked populations of the same species also are known. Some sockeye live and reproduce in lakes and are commonly called \"\"kokanee\"\", which is red-fish name in the Sinixt Interior Salish language and silver trout in the Okanagan language. They are much smaller than the anadromous variety",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656994",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nand are rarely over long. In the Okanagan Lake and many others, there are two kinds of kokanee populations – one spawns in streams and the other near lake shores. Landlocked populations occur in the Yukon Territory and British Columbia in Canada, as well as, in Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, New York, Utah, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming in the United States. Nantahala Lake is the only place in North Carolina where kokanee salmon are found. The fish, which is native to western North America, was stocked in Nantahala Lake in the mid-1960s by the NC Wildlife",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340733",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nocean and live their entire lives in freshwater. Sockeye salmon is the third-most common Pacific salmon species, after pink and chum salmon. \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\" comes from the Greek ὄγκος (onkos) meaning \"\"barb\"\", and ῥύγχος (rhynchos) meaning \"\"snout\"\". \"\"Nerka\"\" is the Russian name for the anadromous form. The name \"\"sockeye\"\" is an anglicization of \"\"suk-kegh\"\" (sθə́qəy̓), its name in Halkomelem, the language of the indigenous people along the lower reaches of the Fraser River (one of British Columbia's many native Coast Salish languages). \"\"Suk-kegh\"\" means \"\"red fish\"\". The sockeye salmon is sometimes called red or blueback salmon, due to its color. Sockeye",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656998",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nin freshwater lakes. The majority of sockeye spawn in rivers near lakes and juveniles will spend one to two years in the lake before migrating to the ocean, although some populations will migrate to saltwater in their first year. Adult sockeye will spend two to three years in the ocean before returning to freshwater. Females will spawn in 3–5 redds over a period of several days. The eggs usually hatch within six to nine weeks and the fry typically rear in lakes before migrating to the ocean. Males partake in competitive and sneaking tactics, formation of hierarchies, and non-hierarchical groupings",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656992",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nare blue tinged with silver in color while living in the ocean. When they return to spawning grounds, their bodies become red and their heads turn green. Sockeye can be anywhere from in length and weigh from . Two distinguishing features are their long, serrated gill rakers that range from 30 to 40 in number, and their lack of a spot on their tail or back. Sockeye salmon range as far south as the Columbia River in the eastern Pacific (although individuals have been spotted as far south as the 10 Mile River on the Mendocino Coast of California) and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15996165",
"chunk_text": "\"Aquaculture of salmonids\"\nin iced water. Harvesting and killing methods are designed to minimize scale loss, and avoid the fish releasing stress hormones, which negatively affect flesh quality. Wild salmonids are captured from wild habitats using commercial fishing techniques. Most wild salmonids are caught in North American, Japanese, and Russian fisheries. The following table shows the changes in production of wild salmonids and farmed salmonids over a period of 25 years, as reported by the FAO. Russia, Japan and Alaska all operate major hatchery based stock enhancement programs that are really ocean ranching. The resulting fish hatchery fish are defined as \"\"wild\"\" for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656995",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nResources Commission in an attempt to establish the species as a forage fish for other predator fishes in the lake. This stock has remained and become a favorite target for anglers. In Japan, a landlocked variety termed black kokanee, or \"\"\"\"kunimasu\"\"\"\" in Japanese, was deemed to be extinct after 1940, when a hydroelectric project made its native lake in northern Akita Prefecture more acidic. The species seems to have been saved by transferring eggs to Saiko Lake, 500 kilometers to the south, however. This fish has been treated as a subspecies of sockeye \"\"Oncorhynchus nerka kawamurae\"\", or even an independent",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1410065",
"chunk_text": "\"Bristol Bay\"\nsalmon species, sockeye harvests fluctuate but comprise 4 to 7 percent of global salmon production and 13 to 20 percent of native salmon harvests. Between 2011 and 2014, sockeye accounted for 5 percent of the world’s salmon harvest by volume and 15 percent of the world’s wild salmon harvest. Bristol Bay is home to the world's largest salmon run. All five Eastern Pacific species spawn in the bay's freshwater tributaries. Commercial fisheries include the world's largest sockeye salmon fishery. The Kvijack drains from Lake Iliamna, which is downstream of the deposit. Along with herring and other fisheries, salmon account for",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10645395",
"chunk_text": "Salmon\nSalmon Salmon is the common name for several species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae. Other fish in the same family include trout, char, grayling and whitefish. Salmon are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (genus \"\"Salmo\"\") and Pacific Ocean (genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\"). Many species of salmon have been introduced into non-native environments such as the Great Lakes of North America and Patagonia in South America. Salmon are intensively farmed in many parts of the world. Typically, salmon are anadromous: they hatch in fresh water, migrate to the ocean, then return to fresh water to reproduce. However, populations of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5656997",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nPacific salmon, feed extensively on zooplankton during both freshwater and saltwater life stages. They also tend to feed on small aquatic organisms such as shrimp. Insects are part of their diets at the juvenile stage. Sockeye salmon exhibit many different life histories with the majority being anadromous where the juvenile salmon migrate from freshwater lakes and streams to the ocean before returning as adults to their natal freshwater to spawn. Similar to most Pacific salmon, sockeye salmon are semelparous, meaning they die after spawning once. Some sockeye, called kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9451615",
"chunk_text": "\"Kokanee salmon\"\nthe northern United States of Alaska, Washington, Idaho, and Oregon. It can also be found up through British Columbia and the Yukon in Canada. Subdivisions of the kokanee are found in Japan and Russia. The kokanee was introduced to the northeastern United States and some southern states, including New England, New York, Montana, North Dakota, California, Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada. It was also introduced to parts of Canada. There is debate as to whether the kokanee has enough genetic distinction to be classified as a subspecies or a separate species from the sockeye salmon. Genetic evidence suggests that the evolution",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10645424",
"chunk_text": "Salmon\nsalmon consumed in the United States and Europe. Atlantic salmon are also, in very small volumes, farmed in Russia and Tasmania, Australia. Salmon are carnivorous. They are fed a meal produced from catching other wild fish and other marine organisms. Salmon farming leads to a high demand for wild forage fish. Salmon require large nutritional intakes of protein, and farmed salmon consume more fish than they generate as a final product. On a dry weight basis, 2–4 kg of wild-caught fish are needed to produce one kg of salmon. As the salmon farming industry expands, it requires more wild forage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11133226",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinook salmon\"\ncentury. Maritime fur traders and explorers, such as George Vancouver, frequently acquired salmon by trade with the indigenous people of the Northwest coast. Lewis and Clark first encountered Chinook salmon as a gift from Chief Cameahwait, on August 13, 1805, near Lemhi Pass. Tasting it convinced Lewis they had crossed the continental divide. Known as the \"\"king salmon\"\" in Alaska for its large size and flavorful flesh, the Chinook is the state fish of this state and of Oregon. Chinook salmon The Chinook salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus tshawytscha\"\") is the largest species in the Pacific salmon genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\". The common name refers",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1341678",
"chunk_text": "\"Kokanee salmon\"\nKokanee salmon The kokanee salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus nerka\"\"), also known as the kokanee trout, little redfish, silver trout, kikanning, silver salmon, Kennerly’s salmon, Kennerly’s trout, or Walla, is the non-anadromous form of the sockeye salmon (meaning that they do not migrate to the sea, instead living out their entire lives in freshwater). There is some debate as to whether the kokanee and its sea-going relative are separate species; geographic isolation, failure to interbreed, and genetic distinction point toward a recent divergence in the history of the two groups. The divergence most likely occurred around 15,000 years ago when a large ice",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14027701",
"chunk_text": "\"Pre-spawn mortality in coho salmon\"\npre-spawn mortality in these fish in the Fraser River (sockeye salmon) and Klamath River (Chinook salmon and steelhead trout) differ than that observed in the coho salmon. The cause of pre-spawn mortality for the sockeye salmon in the Fraser River, BC, and Bristol Bay, Alaska, can be attributed to factors such as fish returning to spawn too early, warmer water temperatures, low dissolved oxygen and disease or parasites. In the Klamath River, mortality before spawning was due to disease, thermal stress, a low water flow and increasing numbers of salmon migrating within the same time period. Pre-spawn mortality in coho",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1878339",
"chunk_text": "\"Aquaculture of salmonids\"\nas \"\"Oncorhynchus mykiss\"\" from the former binominals of \"\"Salmo gairdneri\"\" (Columbia River redband trout) and \"\"S. irideus\"\" (coastal rainbow trout). Steelhead are an anadromous form of rainbow trout that migrate between lakes and rivers and the ocean, and are also known as steelhead salmon or ocean trout. Steelhead are raised in many countries throughout the world. Since the 1950s, production has grown exponentially, particularly in Europe and recently in Chile. Worldwide, in 2007, 604,695 tonnes of farmed steelhead were harvested, with a value of $2.59 billion. The largest producer is Chile. In Chile and Norway, the ocean-cage production of steelhead",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11133196",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinook salmon\"\nChinook salmon The Chinook salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus tshawytscha\"\") is the largest species in the Pacific salmon genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\". The common name refers to the Chinookan peoples. Other vernacular names for the species include king salmon, Quinnat salmon, spring salmon, chrome hog, and Tyee salmon. The scientific species name is based on the Russian common name \"\"chavycha\"\" (чавыча). Chinook are anadromous fish native to the North Pacific Ocean and the river systems of western North America, ranging from California to Alaska, as well as Asian rivers ranging from northern Japan to the Palyavaam River in the Arctic north-east Siberia. They have been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10645397",
"chunk_text": "Salmon\nof salmon occur in two genera. The genus \"\"Salmo\"\" contains the Atlantic salmon, found in the north Atlantic, as well as many species commonly named trout. The genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\" contains eight species which occur naturally only in the North Pacific. As a group, these are known as Pacific salmon. Chinook salmon have been introduced in New Zealand and Patagonia. Coho, freshwater sockeye, and Atlantic salmon have been established in Patagonia, as well. Also a number of other species have common names which refer to them as being salmon. Of those listed below, the Danube salmon or \"\"huchen\"\" is a large",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16496280",
"chunk_text": "\"North Pacific hake\"\nNorth Pacific hake The North Pacific hake, Pacific hake, Pacific whiting, or jack salmon (\"\"Merluccius productus\"\") is a ray-finned fish in the genus \"\"Merluccius\"\", found in the northeast Pacific Ocean from northern Vancouver Island to the northern part of the Gulf of California. It is a silver-gray fish with black speckling, growing to a length of . It is a migratory offshore fish and undergoes a daily vertical migration from the surface to the seabed at depths down to about . It is the object of an important commercial fishery off the West Coast of the United States, and annual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1410064",
"chunk_text": "\"Bristol Bay\"\npassed the North Pacific Fisheries Treaty. This treaty managed the resources of the region jointly to preserve the future generations of fish. This agreement is the model for international fisheries regulations today. Bristol Bay is home to the world's most abundant sockeye salmon fishery as well as strong runs of chum salmon, silver salmon, and king salmon, each occurring seasonally. Kings are usually the first to run up the river followed by reds and chums. Silvers and Pinks are the last to run up the river. On an international scale, sockeye salmon are a relatively rare creature. Like other wild",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3536154",
"chunk_text": "\"Quesnel River\"\nsucker (\"\"Catostomus macrocheilus\"\"), Longnose sucker (\"\"Catostomus catostomus\"\"), Redside shiner (\"\"Richardsonius balteatus\"\"), Northern pikeminnow (\"\"Ptychocheilus oregonensis\"\"), Peamouth chub (\"\"Mylocheilus caurinus\"\"), and Lake chub (\"\"Couesius plumbeus\"\"). The salmon run of sockeye salmon experienced a major recovery in the late 20th century, sometimes surpassing the Adams River as the greatest sockeye producer in the Fraser basin. However, the river, wildlife, and nearby water sources is threatened by 10 million cubic meters of contaminated mine waste that escaped in August 2014. Quesnel River The Quesnel River is a major tributary of the Fraser River in the Cariboo District of central British Columbia. It begins",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14744721",
"chunk_text": "\"Coho salmon\"\nbackbone of the Alaskan troll fishery; however, the majority are caught by the net fishery (gillnet and seine). Coho salmon average 3.5% by fish and 5.9% by weight of the annual Alaska salmon harvest. The total North Pacific yields of the pink salmon, chum salmon and sockeye salmon are some 10–20 fold larger by weight. In North America, coho salmon is a game fish in fresh and salt water from July to December, especially with light fishing tackle. It is one of the most popular sport fish in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and Canada. Its popularity is",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "13260358",
"chunk_text": "\"Brown bear\"\nthe genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\", particularly in coastal areas but also in some inland areas of North America. In the Kamchatka peninsula and several parts of coastal Alaska, including Kodiak Island, brown bears feed largely on spawning salmon, whose nutrition and abundance explain the enormous size of the bears in these areas. Sockeye salmon (\"\"O. nerka\"\") and pink salmon (\"\"O. gorbuscha\"\") are the two most commonly preyed upon, but many coho (\"\"O. kisutch\"\"), Chinook (\"\"O. tshawytscha\"\"), masu (\"\"O. masou\"\") and chum salmon (\"\"O. keta\"\") are also taken. Even in the coastal ranges of the Pacific, a diverse omnivorous diet is eaten, with",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19246321",
"chunk_text": "\"Rainbow trout\"\nand the eggs of other rainbow trout. Rainbows also consume decomposing flesh from carcasses of other fish. Adult steelhead in the ocean feed primarily on other fish, squid and amphipods. The native range of is in the coastal waters and tributary streams of the Pacific basin, from the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, east along the Aleutian Islands, throughout southwest Alaska, the Pacific coast of British Columbia and southeast Alaska, and south along the west coast of the U.S. to northern Mexico. It is claimed that the Mexican forms of represent the southernmost native range of any trout or salmon (\"\"Salmonidae\"\"),",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15758716",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinook salmon\"\n1985, in the Kenai River (Kenai Peninsula, Alaska). The commercial catch world record is caught near Rivers Inlet, British Columbia, in the late 1970s. Chinook may spend one to eight years in the ocean (averaging from three to four years) before returning to their home rivers to spawn. The salmon also undergo radical morphological changes as they prepare for the spawning event ahead. All salmon lose the silvery blue they had as ocean fish, and their colour darkens, sometimes with a radical change in hue. Salmon are sexually dimorphic, and the male salmon develop canine-like teeth and their jaws develop",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9451616",
"chunk_text": "\"Kokanee salmon\"\nof landlocked sockeye has occurred more than once with different kokanee populations, showing genetic differences between populations. Most evidence points to events that land-locked the lake-type sockeye (which spawns in streams and lakes, rather than tributaries like the sea-type sockeye, but is still anadromous and spends most of its adult life out at sea), which evolved into the non-anadromous form. Genetic evidence from kokanee in the Fraser River drainage and Columbia River drainage shows that ancestors of the kokanee came from the lake-type sockeye. The data also suggests that the kokanee may have evolved back into a lake-type anadromous form",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1878343",
"chunk_text": "\"Aquaculture of salmonids\"\nvalue of $456 million. Chile, with about 90 percent of world production, is the primary producer with Japan and Canada producing the rest. Chinook salmon are the state fish of Oregon, and are known as \"\"king salmon\"\" because of their large size and flavourful flesh. Those from the Copper River in Alaska are particularly known for their color, rich flavor, firm texture, and high omega-3 oil content. Alaska has a long-standing ban on finfish aquaculture that was enacted in 1989. Alaska Stat. § 16.40.210 Worldwide, in 2007, of farmed Chinook salmon were harvested with a value of $83 million. New",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1341684",
"chunk_text": "\"Kokanee salmon\"\ncost of larger eggs can limit the fecundity of kokanee populations. Studies have found that kokanees can extract carotenoids (which provide red pigmentation during breeding) from food better than sockeyes due to sexual selection and mate choice. Again, the degree of morphological variation, such as gill raker count, can vary from population to population. The Japanese kokanee, also known as the kunimasu salmon or black kokanee, is considered a subspecies of the sockeye salmon by some and occurs naturally in Lakes Akan and Chimikeppu on Hokkaido Island. The creation of a dam caused the extermination of the fish by changing",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15807310",
"chunk_text": "\"Coast Salish people and salmon\"\nare beings similar to people but spiritually superior. The fishing methods employed fall under the category of artisanal fishing. They employ low-technology, traditional fishing techniques like net-fishing, stone-fishing and weir fishing. The five species of Pacific salmon found in British Columbia waters are Sockeye, Pink, Chum, Coho, and Chinook. For thousands of years, long before colonization, Coast Salish people have depended on salmon as a staple food source as well as sources for wealth and trade. Salmon is deeply embedded in their culture, identity, and existence as First Nations people of Canada. The five species of Pacific salmon found in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17837497",
"chunk_text": "\"Rainbow trout\"\npartially deboned and filleted. Medium to heavy bodied white wines, such as chardonnay, sauvignon blanc or pinot gris are typical wine pairings for trout. Rainbow trout The rainbow trout (\"\"Oncorhynchus mykiss\"\") is a trout and species of salmonid native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America. The steelhead (sometimes called \"\"steelhead trout\"\") is an anadromous (sea-run) form of the coastal rainbow trout or Columbia River redband trout that usually returns to fresh water to spawn after living two to three years in the ocean. Freshwater forms that have been introduced into the Great Lakes and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14744720",
"chunk_text": "\"Coho salmon\"\nGreat Lakes, as well as many landlocked reservoirs throughout the United States. A number of specimens, (more than 20), were caught in waters surrounding Denmark and Norway in 2017. Their source is currently unknown, but the salmon species is farmed at several locations in Europe, making it probable that the animal has slipped the net at such a farm. The total North Pacific harvest of coho salmon in 2010 exceeded 6.3 million fish, of which 4.5 million were taken in the United States and 1.7 million in Russia. This corresponds to some 21,000 tonnes in all. Coho salmon are the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17499264",
"chunk_text": "\"Salmon cannery\"\ndown, with the net anchored at the beach upstream. A boat then carried the net out and around salmon migrating upstream.\"\" Prior to canning, fish were salted to preserve them. Cobb claims that at the start of the 19th century, the Russians marketed salted salmon caught in Alaska in St. Petersburg. Shortly after, the Northwest Fur Company started marketing salted salmon from the Columbia River. It then merged with the Hudson's Bay Company, and the salmon was marketed in Australia, China, Hawaii, Japan and the eastern United States. Later, some salmon salteries were converted to salmon canneries. The first industrial",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "10645423",
"chunk_text": "Salmon\nthe North American west coast sport salmon fishing completely replaces inshore commercial fishing. The commercial value of a salmon can be several times less than the value of the same fish caught by a sport fisherman. This is \"\"a powerful economic argument for allocating stock resources preferentially to sport fishing.\"\" Salmon aquaculture is a major contributor to the world production of farmed finfish, representing about US$10 billion annually. Other commonly cultured fish species include tilapia, catfish, sea bass, carp and bream. Salmon farming is significant in Chile, Norway, Scotland, Canada and the Faroe Islands; it is the source for most",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14340755",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nover Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River. Lower temperatures in 2008 North Pacific waters brought in fatter plankton, which, along with greater outflows of Columbia River water, fed the resurgent populations. Proposed legislative efforts, such as the Northern Rockies Ecosystem Protection Act, are attempting to protect the headwaters of the sockeye salmon by preventing industrial development in roadless areas. Record numbers of a once-waning population of sockeye salmon have been returning to the Northwest's Columbia Basin (as of June 2012), with thousands more crossing the river's dams in a single day than the total numbers seen in some previous years.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1341679",
"chunk_text": "\"Kokanee salmon\"\nmelt created a series of freshwater lakes and rivers across the northern part of North America. While some members of the salmon family (salmonids) went out to sea (anadromous), others stayed behind in fresh water (non-anadromous). The separation of the sockeye and the kokanee created a unique example of sympatric speciation that is relatively new in evolutionary terms. While they occupy the same areas and habitats during the breeding season, when ocean-going sockeye salmon return to freshwater to spawn, the two populations do not mate with each other in some regions, suggesting speciation. The kokanee species can be found in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9079162",
"chunk_text": "\"Southwest Alaska\"\nproductive fishing ports in the United States. The salmon, trout, king crab, and halibut fisheries are extremely lucrative. Bristol Bay's commercial sockeye salmon industry is the largest in the world. Approximately 80% of that catch is taken by non-locals. A part of the fishery is processed locally. Only a small share of the value of the harvest is captured in the region, mainly as wages, and taxes and royalties levied by local governments and Native Regional Corporations. Hunting and other tourism industries are dependable, although small and seasonal, parts of the economy. Mining, mainly for gold, platinum, and mercury, has",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5214858",
"chunk_text": "\"Chum salmon\"\nis and and was caught at Edie Pass in British Columbia. Chum salmon have the largest natural range of any Pacific salmon, and undergo the longest migrations within the genus \"\"Oncorhynchus\"\", far up the Yukon River and deep into the Amur River basin in Asia. In lesser numbers they migrate thousands of kilometres up the Mackenzie River. Chum are found around the north Pacific, in the waters of Korea, Japan, and the Okhotsk and Bering seas (Kamchatka, Chukotka, Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai), British Columbia in Canada, and from Alaska to California in the United States. In the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5047958",
"chunk_text": "\"Fish wheel\"\nsalmon species Chinook, Chum, Coho, Sockeye, and Pink) and other anadromous species of fish, has given fish wheels their second name as \"\"salmon\"\" wheels. Although salmon were prioritized by commercial fishers and Indigenous peoples (albeit for different reasons,) other fish such as steelhead trout (\"\"Oncorhynchus mykiss\"\"), ooligan (\"\"Thaleichthys pacificus\"\"), and lamprey (\"\"Lampetra tridentata\"\") were also considered valuable catch. While the fish wheel is best known for its presence on the Northwestern coast of North America, there is debate whether the technology arrived via Asian migrants who had come to labor in the gold fields, by Scottish and Russian migrants, or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15758729",
"chunk_text": "\"Chinook salmon\"\nin 1983 at Big Glory Bay in Stewart Island by British Petroleum NZ Ltd. Today, the salmon are hatched in land-based hatcheries (several of which exist) and transferred to sea cages or freshwater farms, where they are grown out to harvestable size of . The broodstock for the farms is usually selected from existing farm stock or sometimes sourced from wild populations. Eggs and milt are stripped manually from sexually mature salmon and incubated under conditions (around ), replicating the streams and rivers where the salmon would spawn naturally. After hatching, the baby salmon are typically grown to smolt stage",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7718347",
"chunk_text": "\"Sockeye salmon\"\nnatural selection against large bodies. Populations with higher levels of predation tend to evolve smaller body size. Without the threat of predation, salmon that breed early in the season live longer than those that breed late in the season. Other ecological factors like stranding effect select for smaller body size in sockeye salmon when present in a habitat. Stranding is when salmon swim into dry land or shallow water during their migration for spawning and die from suffocation. In fact, studies show that the Sockeye salmon with the largest bodies are most susceptible to stranding mortality. Reproduction is marked by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5135123",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoked salmon\"\nPacific, a variety of salmon species may be used. Because fish farming is prohibited by state law, all of Alaska's salmon species are wild Pacific species. Pacific species of salmon include chinook (\"\"King\"\"), sockeye (\"\"red\"\"), coho (\"\"silver\"\"), chum (\"\"keta\"\"), and pink (\"\"humpback\"\"). Most smoked salmon is cold smoked, typically at 37 °C (99 °F). Cold smoking does not cook the fish, resulting in a delicate texture. Although some smoke houses go for a deliberately 'oaky' style with prolonged exposure to smoke from oak chips, industrial production favours less exposure to smoke and a blander style, using cheaper woods. Originally, prepared",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14745528",
"chunk_text": "Oncorhynchus\nRainbow Trout, Chinook Salmon \"\"Oncorhynchus tshawytscha\"\" and Coho Salmon \"\"Oncorhynchus kisutch\"\" have established wild, self-sustaining populations in the Great Lakes and Chinook in New Zealand (known there as quinnat, king or spring salmon). Aquaculture of Chinook and Coho salmon and Rainbow Trout are major industries in Chile and Australia. Chinook from Chile were released into Argentinean rivers and there were stockings of Coho and Sockeye Salmon and Rainbow Trout in Patagonia. Some of the species in this genus are highly variable and a number of now-obsolete taxa have been described. In 1989, morphological and genetic studies by Gerald Smith and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5135130",
"chunk_text": "\"Smoked salmon\"\nin 1870 who established the first recorded commercial cannery on the Fraser River. Canning soon became the preferred method of preserving salmon in BC growing from three canneries in 1876 to more than ninety by the turn of the century. Sockeye and Pink Salmon make up the majority of canned salmon, with the traditional product containing skin and bones – important sources of calcium and nutrients. The enzymes of fish operate at an optimum temperature of about 5 °C, the temperature of the water from which they came. Bacteriologically sterile, fish still have a large number of bacteria in their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19172050",
"chunk_text": "\"Redfish Lake\"\nRedfish Lake Redfish Lake is an alpine lake in the western United States in central Idaho. It is located in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, at the base of the Sawtooth Mountains in Custer County, south of Stanley. It is named for the brilliant sockeye salmon that once returned from the Pacific Ocean in such massive quantities that the lake shimmered red during spawning season. Currently, only a small percentage of the wild sockeye succeed in making through the several hydroelectric dams along their route back to the lake to spawn. Sockeye must not be targeted while fishing and must",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19172052",
"chunk_text": "\"Redfish Lake\"\nmotorists to the visitor area at the north shore of the lake. Redfish Lake Redfish Lake is an alpine lake in the western United States in central Idaho. It is located in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, at the base of the Sawtooth Mountains in Custer County, south of Stanley. It is named for the brilliant sockeye salmon that once returned from the Pacific Ocean in such massive quantities that the lake shimmered red during spawning season. Currently, only a small percentage of the wild sockeye succeed in making through the several hydroelectric dams along their route back to the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_698
|
what is the latest version of microsoft office 2010?
|
n/a
|
[
"14.0.7182.5000"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "485516",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nMicrosoft Office 2010 Microsoft Office 2010 (codenamed Office 14) is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite for Microsoft Windows. Office 2010 was released to manufacturing on April 15, 2010, and was later made available for retail and online purchase on June 15, 2010. It is the successor to Office 2007 and the predecessor to Office 2013. Research and development of Office 2010 began in 2006, before the release of its predecessor. Office 2010 introduces user interface enhancements including a Backstage view that consolidates document management tasks into a single location. The ribbon introduced in Office 2007 for Access,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6520033",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nand Office 2007 at 74% and 72%, respectively. In a 2013 survey, Office 2010 was the dominant productivity suite when compared to previous versions and competitors' offerings with a total of 85% usage share among the 155 enterprise survey respondents. Microsoft Office 2010 Microsoft Office 2010 (codenamed Office 14) is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite for Microsoft Windows. Office 2010 was released to manufacturing on April 15, 2010, and was later made available for retail and online purchase on June 15, 2010. It is the successor to Office 2007 and the predecessor to Office 2013. Research and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519977",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nend on October 13, 2020. Development started in 2007 while Microsoft was finishing work on Office 12, released as Microsoft Office 2007. The version number 13 was skipped because of the fear of the number 13. It was previously thought that Office 2010 (then called Office 14) would ship in the first half of 2009. On April 15, 2009, Microsoft confirmed that Office 2010 would be released in the first half of 2010. They announced on May 12, 2009, at a Tech Ed event, a trial version of the 64-bit edition. The Technical Preview 1 (Version: 14.0.4006.1010) was leaked on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11345514",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\n2010 (Office 14.0, because Microsoft skipped 13.0) was finalized on April 15, 2010 and made available to consumers on June 15, 2010. The main features of Office 2010 include the backstage file menu, new collaboration tools, a customizable ribbon, protected view and a navigation panel. This is the first version to ship in 32-bit and 64-bit variants. Microsoft Office 2010 featured a new logo, which resembled the 2007 logo, except in gold, and with a modification in shape. Microsoft released Service Pack 1 for Office 2010 on June 28, 2011 and Service Pack 2 on July 16, 2013. A technical",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "485517",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nExcel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word is the primary user interface for all apps and is fully customizable in Office 2010. Other new features include extended file format support; co-authoring features that enable multiple users to share and simultaneously edit documents; OneDrive and SharePoint integration; and security improvements such as Protected View, a read-only, isolated sandbox environment to protect users from potentially malicious content. It also debuted Office Online—formerly Office Web Apps—a collection of free web-based versions of Excel, OneNote, PowerPoint, and Word. Office Starter 2010, a new edition of Office, replaced Microsoft Works. Office Mobile 2010, an update to Microsoft's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519980",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nIt was leaked to torrent sites. A few days after, the RTM Escrow build was leaked. Microsoft announced the RTM on April 15, 2010, and that the final version was to have speech technologies for use with text to speech in Microsoft OneNote, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Outlook, and Microsoft Word. Office 2010 was to be originally released to business customers on May 12, 2010, however it was made available to Business customers with Software Assurance on April 27, 2010, and to other Volume Licensing Customers on May 1. MSDN and TechNet subscribers have been able to download the RTM version",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519981",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nsince April 22, 2010. The RTM version number is 14.0.4763.1000. On June 15, 2010, Office 2010 reached general availability. Microsoft released a total of two service packs for Office 2010 that were primarily intended to address software bugs. Service Pack 1 (SP1) and Service Pack 2 (SP2) were released concurrently with updates for additional products such as Office Online, SharePoint, and SharePoint Designer. On November 17, 2010, Microsoft invited a select number of testers at the Microsoft Connect web portal to test the beta release of SP1. SP1 was officially released by Microsoft on June 27, 2011 and included compatibility,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519979",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nNovember 16, 2009. On November 18, 2009, the beta was officially released to the general public at the Microsoft Office Beta website, which was originally launched by Microsoft on November 11, 2009 to provide screenshots of the new office suite. Office 2010 Beta was a free, fully functional version and expired on October 31, 2010. In an effort to help customers and partners with deployment of Office 2010, Microsoft launched an Office 2010 application compatibility program with tools and guidance available for download. On February 5, 2010, the official release candidate build 4734.1000 was available to Connect and MSDN testers.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519976",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\n2013, does not support these operating systems. Reception to Office 2010 was generally positive, with critics praising the new Backstage view interface, the new customization options for the ribbon, and the incorporation of the ribbon into all apps. While sales were initially lower than those of its predecessor, Office 2010 was a success for Microsoft and surpassed the company's previous records for adoption, deployment, and revenue. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 200 million licenses of Office 2010 were sold, before its discontinuation on January 31, 2013. Mainstream support for Office 2010 ended on October 13, 2015; extended support will",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519982",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nperformance, security, and stability improvements. SP1 is a cumulative update that includes all previous updates, as well as fixes exclusive to its release; a list of exclusive fixes was released by Microsoft. SP1 also introduced additional features for Access, Excel, OneNote, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word. As examples, OneNote 2010 SP1 introduced the ability to open notebooks stored in OneDrive directly from within the app itself, while Outlook 2010 SP1 introduced Office 365 support. With its release, the use of Office Online in Google Chrome and Internet Explorer 9 was officially supported by Microsoft for the first time. On April 8,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "485518",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nmobile productivity suite, was released on May 12, 2010 as a free upgrade from the Windows Phone Store for Windows Mobile 6.5 devices with a previous version of Office Mobile installed. Office 2010 is the first version of Office to ship in two variants for IA-32 and x64, but the x64 version is not compatible with Windows XP or Windows Server 2003. It is also the first version to require product activation for volume license editions. It is the last version of Office compatible with Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 as its successor, Office",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4160849",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2016\"\nMicrosoft Office 2016 Microsoft Office 2016 (codenamed Office 16) is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite, succeeding both Office 2013 and Office for Mac 2011, and preceding Office 2019 for both platforms. It was released on macOS on July 9, 2015 and on Microsoft Windows on September 22, 2015 for Office 365 subscribers. Mainstream support ends on October 13, 2020, and extended support ends on October 14, 2025. The perpetually licensed version on macOS and Windows was released on September 22, 2015. Since its successor Office 2019 only supports Windows 10 or Windows Server 2016, this is the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1000759",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nOffice Business Applications brand. On July 10, 2012, Softpedia reported that Office is used by over a billion people worldwide. Office is produced in several versions targeted towards different end-users and computing environments. The original, and most widely used version, is the desktop version, available for PCs running the Windows and macOS operating systems. The current desktop version is Office 2019 for Windows and macOS, released on September 24, 2018. More recently, Microsoft developed Office Mobile, which are free-to-use versions of Office applications for mobile devices. Microsoft also produces and runs Office Online, a web-based version of core Office apps,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519983",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\n2013, a beta build of Office 2010 SP2 was released. SP2 was a cumulative update officially released on July 16, 2013 and included all of the previously released compatibility, performance, stability, and security fixes, as well as numerous exclusive fixes; a list of fixes exclusive to SP2 was released by Microsoft. Microsoft claimed that with the release of SP2, Office 2010 would feature improved compatibility with Internet Explorer 10, Office 2013, SharePoint 2013, and Windows 8. Because SP2 is cumulative, SP1 is not a prerequisite for its installation. In both its client apps and its Internet implementation, the design of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6519978",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nMay 15, 2009. An internal post-beta build was leaked on July 12, 2009. This was newer than the official preview build and included a \"\"Limestone\"\" internal test application (note: the EULA indicates Beta 2). On July 13, 2009, Microsoft announced Office 2010 at its Worldwide Partner Conference 2009. On July 14, 2009, Microsoft started to send out invitations on Microsoft Connect to test an official preview build of Office 2010. On August 30, 2009, the beta build 4417 was leaked on the internet via torrents. The public beta was available to subscribers of TechNet, MSDN and Microsoft Connect users on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326199",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nas bevels, gradient fills, glows, reflections, and shadows. Publisher and Word support OpenType features such as kerning, ligatures, stylistic sets, and text figures with fonts such as Calibri, Cambria, Corbel, and Gabriola. Office 2010 apps including Excel, PowerPoint, and Word support hardware accelerated graphics when installed on a machine with a DirectX 9.0c-compliant GPU that has at least 64 MB of video memory. Excel supports hardware accelerated chart drawing, and PowerPoint supports hardware accelerated animations, transitions, and video playback and effects; slideshow elements are now rendered as sprites, which are then composited with additional effects such as fades and wipes",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326179",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nupdated support for ISO/IEC 29500:2008, the International Standard version of Office Open XML (OOXML) file format. Office 2010 provides read support for ECMA-376, read/write support for ISO/IEC 29500 Transitional, and read support for ISO/IEC 29500 Strict. In its pre-release form, however, Office 2010 only supported the Transitional variant, and not the Strict. Office 2010 also continued support for OpenDocument Format (ODF) 1.1, which is a joint OASIS/ISO/IEC standard (ISO/IEC 26300:2006/Amd 1:2012 — Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.1). Office 2010 introduces co-authoring functionality in the Excel Web App, the OneNote Web App, and in the client versions of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326210",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nversion of Office Mobile installed. Some of the new features in Office Mobile 2010 include: Office 2010 received mostly positive reviews upon its release, with particular praise devoted to the modified ribbon and the new Backstage view. \"\"Laptop Mag\"\" rated the suite 4 out of 5 stars, referring to it as “the best Office suite yet” because of the new customization options provided by the ribbon, the new multimedia editing capabilities, a new option to share presentations online via PowerPoint, and app response times; Microsoft's decision to include OneNote in all retail versions of Office 2010 also received high praise.",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19187746",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2013\"\nMicrosoft Office 2013 Microsoft Office 2013 (codenamed Office 15) is a version of Microsoft Office, a productivity suite for Microsoft Windows. It is the successor to Microsoft Office 2010 and the predecessor to Microsoft Office 2016. It includes extended file format support, user interface updates and support for touch among its new features. Office 2013 is suitable for IA-32 and x64 systems and requires Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2 or a later version of either. A version of Office 2013 comes included on Windows RT devices. Mainstream support ended on April 10, 2018. Extended support ends on April 11,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326218",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nover an equivalent period following launch.\"\" Results during the company’s third-quarter 2011 fiscal year were later strong, with Microsoft's Business division expecting to see \"\"Office sales exceed PC demand in fiscal 2011.” On June 15, 2011, a year after Office 2010’s general availability, Microsoft Office corporate vice president Takeshi Numoto stated that deployment of the productivity suite among business customers was “five times faster” than that of its predecessor, Office 2007, and that the latest version was “the fastest-selling consumer version of Office ever” with a copy being sold every second since the product launched; the claim was previously made",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1000763",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nPowerPoint for Android tablets. On June 24, 2015, Microsoft released updated versions of Word, Excel and Powerpoint for Android phones. The Android version is also supported on certain Chrome OS machines. In January 2015, Microsoft unveiled updated universal app versions of the Office applications for Windows 10 devices—including PCs, tablets and smartphones—that are based upon the previously released Android and iOS apps. Office Mobile is or was also available, though no longer supported, on Windows Mobile, Windows Phone and Symbian. There is also Office RT, a touch-optimized version of the standard desktop Office suite, pre-installed on Windows RT. Most versions",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2420213",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office for Mac 2011\"\nlifecycle than Office 2010, with support phasing out on October 10, 2017. Two editions are available to the general public. \"\"Home & Student\"\" provides Word, Excel and PowerPoint, while \"\"Home & Business\"\" adds Outlook and increased support. Microsoft Messenger 8 is included with both editions, and Microsoft Communicator for Mac 2011, which communicates with Microsoft Lync Server, is available only to volume licensing customers. Office 2011 requires an Intel Mac running Mac OS X 10.5.8 or later. The Home & Student edition is available in a single license for one computer and a family pack for three computers. The Home",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1031986",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2019\"\nMicrosoft Office 2019 Microsoft Office 2019 is the current version of Microsoft Office, a productivity suite, succeeding Office 2016. It was released to general availability for Windows 10 and for macOS on September 24, 2018. Some features that had previously been restricted to Office 365 subscribers are available in this release. On April 27, 2018, Microsoft released Office 2019 Commercial Preview for Windows 10. On June 12, 2018, Microsoft released a preview for macOS. Office 2019 includes many of the features previously published via Office 365, along with improved inking features, new animation features in PowerPoint including the morph and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
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"chunk_id": "12326205",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nto address these issues. The Backstage view also reports accessibility issues in the Prepare for Sharing group so that they can be addressed before the document is shared with other users. Administrators can configure how prominently this information is displayed within the interface through Group Policy. A Language Preferences interface in Access, Excel, OneNote, Outlook, PowerPoint, Project, Publisher, Visio, and Word is accessible in the Backstage view and replaces the language customization interface seen in previous versions of Office. The new interface provides information about currently installed language packs and their related components, hyperlinks to download additional content, and a",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
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"chunk_id": "12326214",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\ndefault unless a 64-bit version is already installed on the target machine. In a departure from previous versions of Office, Microsoft did not offer an upgrade version of Office 2010—a move that was criticized for effectively increasing the cost of the product for users already running a previous version. While the new Product Key Card program was considered to be an affordable alternative to an upgrade version because of its affordability when compared with a full retail purchase, it presented a limitation not seen with a full retail version in that its license prohibited the software from being transferred to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
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"chunk_id": "19187747",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2013\"\n2023. Development on this version of Microsoft Office was started in 2010 and ended on October 11, 2012, when Microsoft Office 2013 was released to manufacturing. Microsoft released Office 2013 to general availability on January 29, 2013. This version includes new features such as integration support for online services (including OneDrive, Outlook.com, Skype, Yammer and Flickr), improved format support for Office Open XML (OOXML), OpenDocument (ODF) and Portable Document Format (PDF) and support for multi-touch interfaces. Microsoft Office 2013 comes in twelve different editions, including three editions for retail outlets, two editions for volume licensing channel, five subscription-based editions available",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326213",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\na subject of criticism, although the review was written before development of the product had been formally completed. Reactions to the various product versions, including the 64-bit version of Office 2010, were mixed. \"\"Ars Technica\"\" believed that Microsoft’s transition to a 64-bit version of Office would facilitate the industry’s adoption of 64-bit software. However, concerns about backward compatibility and performance issues were raised. After the product’s launch, Microsoft stated that \"\"the 64-bit version of Office 2010 is likely to introduce compatibility issues\"\" and recommended the 32-bit version for most users; the Office 2010 setup program installs the 32-bit version by",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
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"chunk_id": "9348720",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2019\"\nserver apps have the traditional MSI installer. Office 2019 will receive five years of mainstream support, but unlike Office 2016 which gets five years of extended support, Office 2019 only gets two. Mainstream support ends on October 10, 2023, while extended support ends on October 14, 2025. Microsoft Office 2019 Microsoft Office 2019 is the current version of Microsoft Office, a productivity suite, succeeding Office 2016. It was released to general availability for Windows 10 and for macOS on September 24, 2018. Some features that had previously been restricted to Office 365 subscribers are available in this release. On April",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
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"chunk_id": "12326173",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nto that tab. On the Info tab in Word, for example, document metadata details are displayed within the \"\"Prepare for Sharing\"\" group to inform users of potentially personal information before the file is shared with other users, whereas the Help tab displays Office version information and product licensing status. In Office 2007, this information was included within separate locations. From the Info tab, users can access revisions of currently open Excel, PowerPoint, and Word documents, as well as the latest unsaved version of a document that was previously closed. Within the Print tab, the Backstage view also combines the previously",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4160854",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2016\"\nas a manual, one-time update from the Microsoft Office website. All versions following 15.25 will be 64-bit only. Office for Mac received Touch Bar support in an update on February 16, 2017, following the launch of the 2016 MacBook Pro models. As with previous versions, Office 2016 is made available in several distinct editions aimed towards different markets. All traditional editions of Microsoft Office 2016 contain Word, Excel, PowerPoint and OneNote and are licensed for use on one computer. Five traditional editions of Office 2016 were released for Windows: Three traditional editions of Office 2016 were released for Mac: The",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11423028",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office XP\"\nMicrosoft Office XP Microsoft Office XP (codenamed Office 10) is an office suite created and distributed by Microsoft for the Windows operating system. Office XP was released to manufacturing on March 5, 2001 and was later made available to retail on May 31, 2001. It is the successor to Office 2000 and the predecessor of Office 2003. New features in Office XP include smart tags, a selection-based search feature that recognizes different types of text in a document so that users can perform additional actions; a task pane interface that consolidates popular menu bar commands on the right side of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9082359",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office for Mac 2011\"\nMicrosoft Office for Mac 2011 Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite for Mac OS X. It is the successor to Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac. Office 2011 was followed by Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac released on September 22, 2015, requiring a Mac with an x64 Intel processor and OS X Yosemite or later. Microsoft Office 2011 includes more robust enterprise support and greater feature parity with the Windows edition. Its interface is now more similar to Office 2007 and 2010 for Windows, with the addition of the ribbon. Support for Visual",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326189",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nthe Windows Registry, whereas Office 2010 also provides Group Policy options. Protected View, an isolated sandbox environment for Excel, PowerPoint, and Word, replaces the Isolated Conversion Environment update available for previous versions of Microsoft Office. When a document is opened from a potentially unsafe location such as the Internet or as an e-mail attachment, or if a document does not comply with File Block policy or if it fails Office File Validation, it is opened in Protected View, which prohibits potentially unsafe documents from modifying components, files, and other resources on a system; users can also manually open documents in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "8650946",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Works\"\nannounced it was discontinuing Works and replacing it with Office 2010 Starter Edition. Microsoft Works has built-in compatibility for the Microsoft Office document formats (DOC and XLS), including, but not limited to, the ability of the Works Word Processor to open Microsoft Word documents and the ability of the Works Spreadsheet to open Microsoft Excel workbooks. Newer versions include task panes but do not include significantly updated features. Even in the final version (Version 9.0), the Windows 95-era icons and toolbars were not updated to make them consistent with later application software. While its utility for larger organizations is limited",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11039320",
"chunk_text": "\"Office Online\"\nmade available to the public via Windows Live Office on June 7, 2010. On October 22, 2012, Microsoft announced the release of new features including co-authoring, performance improvements and touch support. On November 6, 2013, Microsoft announced further new features including \"\"real-time\"\" co-authoring and an Auto-Save feature in Word (replacing the save button). In February 2014, Office Web Apps were re-branded Office Online and incorporated into other Microsoft web services, including Calendar, OneDrive, Outlook.com, and People. Microsoft had previously attempted to unify its online services suite (including Microsoft Passport, Hotmail, MSN Messenger, and later SkyDrive) under a brand known as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326200",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nimplemented using Pixel Shader 2.0. All Office 2010 apps support Direct3D hardware accelerated SmartArt and WordArt object and text rendering. Additionally, the background removal feature and image adjustments such as brightness and contrast are all accelerated when used on capable hardware. Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word allow users to immediately insert a screenshot of open app windows or a selection of content on the screen into documents without saving the image as a file. The functionality is exposed through a new Screenshot command on the Insert tab of the ribbon that, when clicked, presents individual options to capture either app",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
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"chunk_id": "1615774",
"chunk_text": "\"Office Online\"\nauthorities. Word Online cannot change insert section breaks. Other views available in the Word desktop app (Outline, Draft, Web Layout, and Full Screen Reading) are not available in Word Online. Likewise, side-by-side viewing and split windows are not available in Word Online. Excel Online cannot execute macros, has no revision support, nor can it color cells outside of its default palette. Supported web browsers include Internet Explorer 11, the latest versions of Firefox, Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge, as well as Safari for OS X 10.8 or later. The Personal edition of Office Online is available to the general public",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
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"chunk_id": "11345526",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nversion of Office for Mac in the past 19 years\"\" and affirmed \"\"its commitment to future products for the Mac.\"\" Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 was released on October 26, 2010. It is the first version of Office for Mac to be compiled exclusively for Intel processors, dropping support for the PowerPC architecture. It features an OS X version of Outlook to replace the Entourage email client. This version of Outlook is intended to make the OS X version of Office work better with Microsoft's Exchange server and with those using Office for Windows. Office 2011 includes a Mac-based Ribbon",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1000762",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\non Android 4.0 and later. Office Mobile for both iPhone and Android, available for free from the App Store and Google Play Store respectively, initially required a qualifying Office 365 subscription to activate, but in March 2014, with the release of Office for iPad, the apps were updated making them fully free for home use, although a subscription is still required for business use. On March 27, 2014, Microsoft released Word, Excel and PowerPoint for iPad. On November 6, 2014, Microsoft released updated versions of Word, Excel and PowerPoint for iPhone. On January 29, 2015, Microsoft released Word, Excel and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
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"chunk_id": "12326209",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nwhich allows users to install the productivity suite to a USB flash drive and run it temporarily on any computer with Windows Vista SP1 or Windows 7 installed to which the USB drive is connected. Office Online is a collection of free web-based versions of Excel, OneNote, PowerPoint, and Word that offers fewer features than its client counterparts. It was released to OneDrive users before the general availability of Office 2010. Office Mobile 2010 was released prior to the general availability of the Office 2010 client as a free upgrade for users of Windows Mobile 6.5 devices with a previous",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
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"chunk_id": "12326184",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\navailable. Office 2010 introduces a new Click-to-Run installation process based on Microsoft App-V streaming and virtualization technology as an alternative to the traditional Windows Installer-based installation process for the Home and Student and Home and Business editions, and as a mandatory installation process for the Starter edition. Click-to-Run products install in a virtualized environment—a Q: partition—that downloads product features in the background after the apps themselves already been installed so that users can immediately begin using the apps. The download process is optimized for broadband connections. During the Office 2010 retail lifecycle Microsoft, in collaboration with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
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"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1000799",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nsupport for older versions of OS X and only keeping support for 64-bit-only versions of OS X, these versions of OneNote and Outlook are 32-bit applications like their predecessors. The first Preview version of Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac was released on March 5, 2015. On July 9, 2015, Microsoft released the final version of Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac which includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and OneNote. It was immediately made available for Office 365 subscribers with either a Home, Personal, Business, Business Premium, E3 or ProPlus subscription. A non-Office 365 edition of Office 2016 was made available as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
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"chunk_id": "6090880",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office for Mac 2011\"\nto volume license customers a day later, and made available to the general public on October 26, 2010. Service Pack 1 was released on April 12, 2011. Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite for Mac OS X. It is the successor to Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac. Office 2011 was followed by Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac released on September 22, 2015, requiring a Mac with an x64 Intel processor and OS X Yosemite or later. Microsoft Office 2011 includes more robust enterprise support and greater feature",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12326220",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2010\"\nMicrosoft’s 2012 fiscal year, the company reported a revenue of $20.9 billion—another record for the company—with Office 2010 being a contributing factor, having sold nearly 200 million licenses as of December 31, 2011, in spite of declining Windows sales. Microsoft reportedly discontinued sales of Office 2010 on January 31, 2013, just two days after its successor, Office 2013, reached general availability. According to a survey conducted by market research company Forrester Research in 2011 with a sample consisting of 150 North American and European enterprise executives, Office 2010 was in use by 52% of respondents, behind Office 2003 or earlier",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5990939",
"chunk_text": "\"Visual Studio Tools for Office\"\nare limited APIs and functions available and supported. VSTO has complete access to all Office object models. It is feasible to perform all operations on the Office client. Features that requires accessing local machine file systems and other applications are feasible and easy in VSTO. C# or any other CLI programming language can be used to create new Office add-ins. The latest version of VSTO, as of 2018, is \"\"Office Tools for Visual Studio\"\" and is available with all versions of Microsoft Visual Studio 2017. VSTO 2003, 2005, 3.0 and 2010 runtimes install in side-by-side (SxS) mode. VSTO 2005 SE",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7828205",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office mobile apps\"\nOneNote, Lync 2010, Document Connection and PowerPoint Broadcast for Symbian. In April, Word Mobile, PowerPoint Mobile and Excel Mobile joined the Office Suite. On October 21, 2010, Microsoft debuted Office Mobile 2010 with the release of Windows Phone 7. In Windows Phone, users can access and edit documents directly off of their SkyDrive or Office 365 accounts in a dedicated Office hub. The Office Hub, which is preinstalled into the operating system, contains Word, PowerPoint and Excel. The operating system also includes OneNote, although not as a part of the Office Hub. Lync is not included, but can be downloaded",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "16264999",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office mobile apps\"\nof Microsoft tying distribution of them and Skype to patent-licensing agreements related to the Android platform. The Office mobile suite core applications include mobile versions of Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. These apps are bundled together in the \"\"Office Hub\"\" on Windows Phone and Android phones, as well as on iPhones until November 2014. They support editing only the newer Office file formats (.docx, .xlsx, .pptx), and can only view but not edit the legacy file formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt). Office for Android tablets and Windows 10 can process legacy Office and ODF files (.ppt, .xls, .odp, .ods,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4160857",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office 2016\"\nfrom Office 2013 are available as well, though no new backgrounds have been added, nor have any existing backgrounds been removed. A fourth \"\"black\"\" theme was added as part of an update in January 2016. The update was not released to users of the traditional editions. On the 13th of November 2018 a report initiated by the Government of the Netherlands showed that Microsoft Office 2016 and Office 365 do not comply with the GDPR, the European statute on privacy. Microsoft Office 2016 Microsoft Office 2016 (codenamed Office 16) is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite, succeeding both",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11345523",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nfor Office v. X ended on January 9, 2007 after the release of the final update, 10.1.9 Office v.X includes Word X, Excel X, PowerPoint X, Entourage X, MSN Messenger for Mac and Windows Media Player 9 for Mac; it was the last version of Office for Mac to include Internet Explorer for Mac. Microsoft Office 2004 for Mac was released on May 11, 2004. It includes Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Entourage and Virtual PC. It is the final version of Office to be built exclusively for PowerPC and to officially support G3 processors, as its sequel lists a G4,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1000775",
"chunk_text": "\"Microsoft Office\"\nMicrosoft Office is available in several editions, which regroup a given number of applications for a specific price. Current retail editions are grouped by category: Post-secondary students may obtain the University edition of Microsoft Office 365 subscription. It is limited to one user and two devices, plus the subscription price is valid for four years instead of just one. Apart from this, the University edition is identical in features to the Home Premium version. This marks the first time Microsoft does not offer physical or permanent software at academic pricing, in contrast to the University versions of Office 2010 and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
test_699
|
who added a press room to the white house?
|
n/a
|
[
"Richard Nixon",
"President Richard Nixon"
] |
[] |
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
[] |
[
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511379",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nduties. Reporters working in the White House did, however, honor an unspoken rule and refrain from asking the president himself a question if he happened to walk through their working area. The long-term presence of the White House Press Corps in the White House was cemented by Theodore Roosevelt, who asked that planners include permanent space for the press corps in the executive office building now called the West Wing, which he had ordered built in the early 1900s. It is the West Wing that ultimately housed the Office of the Press Secretary and the now-famous James S. Brady press",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 0
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4092232",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nthe State Rooms. Charged with maintaining the historical integrity of the White House, the congressionally authorized committee works with each First Family—usually represented by the First Lady, the White House Curator, and the Chief Usher—to implement the family's proposals for altering the house. During the Nixon Administration (1969–1974), First Lady Pat Nixon refurbished the Green Room, Blue Room, and Red Room, working with Clement Conger, the curator appointed by President Richard Nixon. Mrs. Nixon's efforts brought more than 600 artifacts to the house, the largest acquisition by any administration. Her husband created the modern press briefing room over Franklin Roosevelt's",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 1
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511378",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nWhite House \"\"beat\"\" concept that had been started during the Cleveland administration by reporter William Price was continued during the McKinley administration. Around the time of the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in 1898, the reporters covering the White House were invited into the mansion itself and provided with space to write, conduct interviews, and generally cover the White House. Now reporting from inside the White House, the reporters used their new location to interview guests entering or leaving the White House or confirm pieces of information from the president's secretaries as they passed through in the course of their",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 2
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6277256",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nrenovations in a neoclassical style suited to the building's architecture, removing the Tiffany screen and all Victorian additions. Charles McKim himself designed and managed the project, which gave more living space to the President's large family by removing a staircase in the West Hall and moving executive office staff from the second floor of the residence into the new West Wing. President William Howard Taft enlisted the help of architect Nathan C. Wyeth to add additional space to the West Wing, which included the addition of the Oval Office. In 1925, Congress enacted legislation allowing the White House to accept",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 3
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4092209",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nwithin the executive mansion itself, President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901. Eight years later in 1909, President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office, which was eventually moved as the section was expanded. In the main mansion, the third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers. A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; Jefferson's colonnades connected the new wings. East Wing alterations were completed in 1946,",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 4
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "15988801",
"chunk_text": "\"James S. Brady Press Briefing Room\"\nJames S. Brady Press Briefing Room The James S. Brady Press Briefing Room is a small theater in the West Wing of the White House where the White House Press Secretary gives briefings to the news media and the President of the United States sometimes addresses the press and the nation. It is located between the workspace assigned to the White House press corps and the office of the Press Secretary. The first presidential press conference was held on 15 March 1913 in the Oval Office, during the presidency of Woodrow Wilson. Subsequently, through to 1969, communications from the President",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 5
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11421744",
"chunk_text": "\"West Wing\"\nWest Wing The West Wing of the White House houses the offices of the President of the United States. The West Wing contains the Oval Office, the Cabinet Room, the Situation Room, and the Roosevelt Room. The West Wing's four floors contain offices for the Vice President, White House Chief of Staff, the Counselor to the President, the Senior Advisor to the President, the White House Press Secretary, and their support staffs. Adjoining the press secretary's office, in the colonnade between the West Wing and the Executive Residence is the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room along with work space",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 6
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1096088",
"chunk_text": "\"James S. Brady Press Briefing Room\"\npress staff. James S. Brady Press Briefing Room The James S. Brady Press Briefing Room is a small theater in the West Wing of the White House where the White House Press Secretary gives briefings to the news media and the President of the United States sometimes addresses the press and the nation. It is located between the workspace assigned to the White House press corps and the office of the Press Secretary. The first presidential press conference was held on 15 March 1913 in the Oval Office, during the presidency of Woodrow Wilson. Subsequently, through to 1969, communications from",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 7
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11421745",
"chunk_text": "\"West Wing\"\nfor the White House press corps. Before construction of the West Wing, presidential staff worked on the western end of the second floor of what is now the Executive Residence. However, when Theodore Roosevelt became president, he found that the existing offices in the mansion were insufficient to accommodate his family of six children as well as his staff. A year later in 1902, First Lady Edith Roosevelt hired McKim, Mead & White to separate the living quarters from the offices, to enlarge and modernize the public rooms, to re-do the landscaping, and to redecorate the interior. Congress approved over",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 8
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1337399",
"chunk_text": "\"William Wallace Price\"\nWilliam Wallace Price William Wallace Price (November 11, 1867 - October 24, 1931) was one of the first journalists to cover the White House on a full-time basis and the first to write a column devoted to the White House. He was the first president of the White House Correspondents' Association. He was responsible for the creation of the White House Press Room. William Wallace Price was born on November 11, 1867 in Dahlonega, Georgia to James Madison Price and Margaret Eliza Land. He married Minnie Allston North and they had four daughters. He moved to Washington, DC in 1895",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 9
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "19790389",
"chunk_text": "\"White House press corps\"\nHouse press corps had their first duties in the White House in the early 1900s. An urban legend exists of President Theodore Roosevelt noticing a group of correspondents in the rain looking for sources for their stories and inviting them into the White House. Subsequent historical research outlines how reporters were able to start with small stories in the White House and then grew their presence and influence over a span of many years. White House press corps The White House press corps is the group of journalists, correspondents, or members of the media usually stationed at the White House",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 10
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12274609",
"chunk_text": "\"Library (White House)\"\nLibrary (White House) The White House Library is on the Ground Floor of the White House, the official home of the President of the United States. The room is approximately and is in the northeast of the ground floor. The Library is used for teas and meetings hosted by the President and First Lady. During the 1950s reconstruction of the White House, old building lumber from the house was salvaged and re-made into wall paneling for this room. Several basement rooms in the White House are paneled with salvaged building materials from the pre-reconstructed White House. John Adams, the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 11
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18935485",
"chunk_text": "\"White House press corps\"\nWhite House press corps The White House press corps is the group of journalists, correspondents, or members of the media usually stationed at the White House in Washington, D.C., to cover the President of the United States, White House events, and news briefings. Their offices are located in the West Wing. The White House Press Secretary or a deputy generally holds a weekday news briefing in the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room. The room currently seats 49 reporters. Each seat is assigned to a news gathering organization, with the most prominent organizations occupying the first two rows. Reporters who",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 12
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3581455",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nbusiness meetings and where the Cabinet meets, as well as the White House Situation Room, James S. Brady Press Briefing Room, and Roosevelt Room. In 2007, work was completed on renovations of the press briefing room, adding fiber optic cables and LCD screens for the display of charts and graphs. The makeover took 11 months and cost of $8 million, out of which news outlets paid $2 million. In September 2010, a two-year project began on the West Wing, creating a multistory underground structure; this will be followed with additional renovation of the wing. The Oval Office, Roosevelt Room, and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 13
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18327441",
"chunk_text": "\"Executive Residence\"\nan elevator shaft. The storeroom in the northeast corner of the Ground Floor remained in use as storage space only until 1809, when it became a laundry. In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt hired the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White to renovate the White House. They turned the room into a \"\"gentleman's anteroom\"\". This room became the White House Library in 1935. First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy radically transformed the room in 1961. Kennedy consulted initially with a group consisting of members of the United States Commission of Fine Arts, designers from the American Institute of Interior Designers (AIID), and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 14
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "3581456",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nother portions of the West Wing were partially replicated on a sound stage and used as the setting for the popular television show \"\"The West Wing\"\". The East Wing, which contains additional office space, was added to the White House in 1942. Among its uses, the East Wing has intermittently housed the offices and staff of the First Lady, and the White House Social Office. Rosalynn Carter, in 1977, was the first to place her personal office in the East Wing and to formally call it the \"\"Office of the First Lady\"\". The East Wing was built during World War",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 15
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6277255",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nstars and stripes of red, white, and blue. A fifty-foot jeweled Tiffany glass screen, supported by imitation marble columns, replaced the glass doors that separated the main corridor from the north vestibule. In 1891, First Lady Caroline Harrison proposed major extensions to the White House, including a National Wing on the east for a historical art gallery, and a wing on the west for official functions. A plan was devised by Colonel Theodore A. Bingham, which reflected the Harrison proposal. These plans were ultimately rejected. However, in 1902 Theodore Roosevelt hired McKim, Mead & White to carry out expansions and",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 16
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11421753",
"chunk_text": "\"West Wing\"\nand larger rooms than in the real West Wing. West Wing The West Wing of the White House houses the offices of the President of the United States. The West Wing contains the Oval Office, the Cabinet Room, the Situation Room, and the Roosevelt Room. The West Wing's four floors contain offices for the Vice President, White House Chief of Staff, the Counselor to the President, the Senior Advisor to the President, the White House Press Secretary, and their support staffs. Adjoining the press secretary's office, in the colonnade between the West Wing and the Executive Residence is the James",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 17
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511366",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nnumber of journalists and media entities that were covering him. It was not until after President Abraham Lincoln's administration that Congress formally appropriated funds for a White House Staff, which at first consisted merely of a Secretary. Ulysses S. Grant's White House Staff officially numbered six people at a cost of $13,800, though he supplemented with personnel from the War Department. Fifty years later under the Coolidge Administration, the staff had increased to just fewer than fifty people at a cost of nearly $100,000. As presidents increasingly hired more staff to support them in the execution of their duties, some",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 18
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "4092207",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nWhite House The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. and has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams in 1800. The term, \"\"White House\"\", is often used as a metonym for the president and his advisers. The residence was designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban in the neoclassical style. Hoban modelled the building on Leinster House in Dublin, a building which today houses the Oireachtas, the Irish legislature. Construction took place between 1792 and 1800 using Aquia",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 19
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "1096084",
"chunk_text": "\"James S. Brady Press Briefing Room\"\nand general press news conferences took place in various locations, including the Indian Treaty Room, the State Department auditorium, and the White House East Room. In 1969, to accommodate the growing number of reporters assigned to the White House, President Richard Nixon had the indoor swimming pool, which had been installed by the March of Dimes for Franklin D. Roosevelt, covered and turned into press offices and a lounge that could double as a briefing room. In 2000, the room was renamed the \"\"James S. Brady Press Briefing Room\"\" in honor of James Brady, the press secretary who had been",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 20
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "11421751",
"chunk_text": "\"West Wing\"\nplaced on the opposite wall providing secure audio and visual conference capabilities across the hall from the Oval Office. During the 1930s, the March of Dimes constructed a swimming pool so that Franklin Roosevelt could exercise, as therapy for his polio-related disability. Richard Nixon had the swimming pool covered over to create the Press Briefing Room, where the White House Press Secretary gives daily briefings. The journalists, correspondents, and others who are part of the White House press corps have offices near the press briefing room. The West Wing ground floor is also the site of a small dining facility",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 21
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14429272",
"chunk_text": "\"Library (White House)\"\nPresident to live in the White House, used this room as a laundry room; at that time it was said to have been filled with \"\"Tubs, Buckets, and a variety of Lumber\"\"; at the time, \"\"lumber\"\" meant \"\"miscellaneous useless articles that are stored away\"\". During Millard Fillmore's presidency (1850–1853), Congressional funding was requested to establish a White House library. The library was established during the Fillmore presidency, spearheaded by the First Lady, Abigail Fillmore. This library was originally in the Yellow Oval Room and was maintained there until 1929 when it was moved to its current location by the Hoover",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 22
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6277257",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\ngifts of furniture and art for the first time. The West Wing was damaged by fire in 1929, but rebuilt during the remaining years of the Herbert Hoover presidency. In the 1930s, a second story was added, as well as a larger basement for White House staff, and President Franklin Roosevelt had the Oval Office moved to its present location: adjacent to the Rose Garden. Decades of poor maintenance, the construction of a fourth story attic during the Coolidge administration, and the addition of a second-floor balcony over the south portico for Harry S. Truman took a great toll on",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 23
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12688597",
"chunk_text": "\"Roosevelt Room\"\nWhite House. The original structure, some of which is still extant in the present West Wing, was originally intended to be temporary. With some modifications by William Howard Taft the West Wing remained largely unchanged until a fire on December 24, 1929 during the administration of Herbert Hoover. Because of the recent stock market crash, Hoover chose only to repair rather than expand. In 1933, early in the administration of Franklin Roosevelt, the new president began a series of meetings with staff architect Eric Gugler to enlarge and modify the West Wing. Roosevelt moved Taft's Oval Office, centered on the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 24
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12688602",
"chunk_text": "\"Roosevelt Room\"\nOffice. Roosevelt Room The Roosevelt Room is a meeting room in the West Wing of the White House, the home and main workplace of the President of the United States. Located in the center of the wing, near the Oval Office, it is named after two related U.S. presidents, Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt, who contributed to the wing's design. Theodore Roosevelt hired architect Charles Follen McKim of McKim, Mead & White architectural firm to reorganize the layout and use of the White House. This included constructing the West Wing in 1902 and moving executive offices out of the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 25
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12688596",
"chunk_text": "\"Roosevelt Room\"\nRoosevelt Room The Roosevelt Room is a meeting room in the West Wing of the White House, the home and main workplace of the President of the United States. Located in the center of the wing, near the Oval Office, it is named after two related U.S. presidents, Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt, who contributed to the wing's design. Theodore Roosevelt hired architect Charles Follen McKim of McKim, Mead & White architectural firm to reorganize the layout and use of the White House. This included constructing the West Wing in 1902 and moving executive offices out of the central",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 26
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "12275839",
"chunk_text": "\"Map Room (White House)\"\nMap Room (White House) The Map Room is a room on the ground floor of the White House, the official home of the President of the United States. The Map Room takes its name from its use during World War II, when Franklin Roosevelt used it as a situation room where maps were consulted to track the war's progress (for such purposes it was later replaced by the West Wing Situation Room). The room was originally finished as part of the extensive renovation of the White House designed by the architectural firm of McKim, Mead, and White in the administration",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 27
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "7945864",
"chunk_text": "\"Treaty Room\"\nTreaty Room The Treaty Room is located on the second floor of the White House, the official residence of the President of the United States. The room is a part of the first family's private apartments and is used as a study by the president. Before construction of the West Wing of the White House, working offices were located on the east side of the second floor. The Treaty Room has been used as a waiting room, a cabinet room, and the president's office. President Andrew Johnson used the room for his cabinet meetings. Ulysses S. Grant continued this use",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 28
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14428591",
"chunk_text": "\"Green Room (White House)\"\nof the Green Room's furnishings before the 1814 fire are limited. Following the 1816 rebuilding, inventories suggest the room initially contained French Empire items bought by President James Madison. Throughout most of the 19th century, the room was decorated in a series of revival styles. In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt selected the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White to make extensive structural changes to the White House and redecorate most of its rooms. For the Green Room, the firm decided to mimic an 1820s-style parlor or drawing room in the French Empire style. An 1817 fireplace mantel was removed",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 29
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14440138",
"chunk_text": "\"History of American journalism\"\nalthough multicolumn-width headlines were possible on the presses then in use. The change required typesetters to break with tradition and many small-town papers were reluctant to change. The Progressive Era saw a strong middle class demand for reform, which the leading newspapers and magazines supported with editorial crusades. Building on President McKinley's effective use of the press, President Theodore Roosevelt made his White House the center of news every day, providing interviews and photo opportunities. After noticing the White House reporters huddled outside in the rain one day, he gave them their own room inside, effectively inventing the presidential press",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 30
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "2154601",
"chunk_text": "\"White House basement\"\nlaundry, elevator control machinery, the water softener, and incinerator, as well as dressing rooms for White House performers. Dwight Eisenhower made the first White House television broadcast from a special room in the basement in 1953, though the \"\"broadcast room\"\" was soon divided for other purposes. A bowling alley was added by Richard Nixon in 1969. There had previously been a bowling alley in the West Wing, built for President Truman in 1947, which had been moved to the Old Executive Office Building in 1955. After the Recording Industry Association of America suggested that the White House Library should be",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 31
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "400898",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Correspondents' Association\"\nWhite House Correspondents' Association The White House Correspondents' Association (WHCA) is an organization of journalists who cover the White House and the President of the United States. The WHCA was founded on February 25, 1914 by journalists in response to an unfounded rumor that a United States congressional committee would select which journalists could attend press conferences of President Woodrow Wilson. The WHCA operates independently of the White House. Among the more notable issues handled by the WHCA are the credentialing process, access to the President and physical conditions in the White House press briefing rooms. Its most high-profile activity",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 32
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6277265",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nsome rooms with the assistance of Arkansas decorator Kaki Hockersmith, including the Oval Office, the East Room, Blue Room, State Dining Room, Lincoln Bedroom, and Lincoln Sitting Room. During the administration of George W. Bush, First Lady Laura Bush refurbished the Lincoln Bedroom in a style contemporary with the Lincoln era; the Green Room, Cabinet Room, and theater were also refurbished. The White House became one of the first wheelchair-accessible government buildings in Washington when modifications were made during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, who used a wheelchair because of his paralytic illness. In the 1990s, Hillary Clinton, at",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 33
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17319223",
"chunk_text": "\"White House basement\"\nWhite House basement The basement of the White House, the Washington, D.C. residence and workplace of the President of the United States, is located under the North Portico and includes the White House carpenters' shop, engineers' shop, flower shop, and dentist office, among other areas. The White House Situation Room is located in the basement beneath the West Wing. During World War II, a bomb shelter was constructed under the East Wing, later converted into the Presidential Emergency Operations Center. The sub-basement was added during the reconstruction of the White House under Harry S. Truman. It contains storage space, the",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 34
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511376",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nthe presidential press secretaries\"\". President Cleveland's successor, William McKinley, kept Cortelyou on during the transition and later formally named him private secretary to the President, though he had been informally doing the job for some time prior. Under McKinley, Cortelyou became notable for his popularity with journalists covering the White House. The correspondents relied on him for information and his tenure as private secretary was noteworthy for some of the same working traits modern press secretaries have become popular for, including providing information to reporters later in the evening if events had transpired in the afternoon, offering advance copies of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 35
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "9576024",
"chunk_text": "\"Executive Residence\"\nWhite House chocolatier, the office and workspace of the White House Chief Floral Designer, a cold storage room for flowers and other perishable items, a carpentry shop, and general workrooms. The State Floor was unfinished when President John Adams moved into the White House on November 1, 1800. Work continued through the four remaining months of his presidency and into the first term of Thomas Jefferson to make the Executive Residence habitable. There were no floors in the East Room, the Blue Room, or the western third of the Cross Hall (which at that time extended all the way to",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 36
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511375",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\ndedicated to covering the \"\"White House beat.\"\" Some point to this as the early origins of a more formal White House Press Corps. When President Cleveland was elected to a second, non-consecutive term in 1893, George B. Cortelyou, formally trained as a stenographer, was named confidential stenographer at the White House and later named executive clerk. Though he was not given the formal title of private secretary to the president until later and the term \"\"press secretary\"\" had not yet been conceived, Cortelyou was highly respected by the press and William McKinley's biographer, Margaret Leach, called Cortelyou \"\"the first of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 37
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511384",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nKissinger during the Nixon administration. When Herbert Hoover assumed the presidency in 1929, he brought his longtime aide George E. Akerson to Washington with him as his private secretary. Akerson did not have the formal title of \"\"press secretary\"\", but was the designated person to speak on behalf of President Hoover. Hoover asked the White House Correspondents Association to form a committee to discuss matters pertaining to coverage of the White House and formalized news conferences, dividing presidential news into three different categories: George Akerson continued the tradition of meeting daily with reporters, and though usually of jovial temperament, was",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 38
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14430776",
"chunk_text": "\"Map Room (White House)\"\nwhich remains today. The room was redecorated again in 1994. The Map Room is furnished in the style of English cabinetmaker Thomas Chippendale and includes two stuffed-back armchairs that may have been built by Philadelphia cabinetmaker Thomas Affleck. Today the room is used for television interviews, small teas, and social gatherings. Map Room (White House) The Map Room is a room on the ground floor of the White House, the official home of the President of the United States. The Map Room takes its name from its use during World War II, when Franklin Roosevelt used it as a situation",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 39
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511368",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nHe was occasionally asked to verify stories or information that various members of the press had heard. Though the title and establishment of the roles and responsibilities of the press secretary job was still decades in the future, the small and growing White House staff was increasingly interacting with a growing number of professional journalists and mass media entities covering the president and the White House. Andrew Johnson was the first president to grant a formal interview request to a reporter, sitting down with Col. Alexander K. McClure from Pennsylvania. Although various presidents and reporters had participated in conversations or",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 40
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18716901",
"chunk_text": "\"Oval Office\"\npre-Civil War greenhouses that had been constructed by President James Buchanan. Roosevelt moved the offices of the executive branch to the newly constructed wing in 1902. His workspace was a two-room suite of Executive Office and Cabinet Room, located just west of the present Cabinet Room. The furniture, including the president's desk, was designed by architect Charles Follen McKim and executed by A. H. Davenport and Company, of Boston. President William Howard Taft made the West Wing a permanent building, expanding it southward, doubling its size, and building the first Oval Office. Designed by Nathan C. Wyeth and completed in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 41
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5103309",
"chunk_text": "\"Executive Residence\"\nthree oval rooms. Not yet furnished when the White House was first occupied, President John Adams used it as a levée room for New Year's Day celebrations on January 1, 1801. The room received its name after First Lady Dolley Madison decorated the room in yellow damask in 1809. The room served as a ladies' drawing room from 1809 to 1829, when it was turned into a ladies' toilet room under Andrew Jackson. It continued to be used as a ladies' toilet until about 1845. First Lady Abigail Fillmore turned it into a library about 1851. By 1865, the first",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 42
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "6277264",
"chunk_text": "\"White House\"\nold swimming pool. Nixon also added a single-lane bowling alley to the White House basement. Computers and the first laser printer were added during the Carter administration, and the use of computer technology was expanded during the Reagan administration. A Carter-era innovation, a set of solar water heating panels that were mounted on the roof of the White House, was removed during Reagan's presidency. Redecorations were made to the private family quarters and maintenance was made to public areas during the Reagan years. The house was accredited as a museum in 1988. In the 1990s, Bill and Hillary Clinton refurbished",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 43
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18716900",
"chunk_text": "\"Oval Office\"\n19th century, a number of presidents used the White House's second-floor Yellow Oval Room as a private office or library. The West Wing was the idea of President Theodore Roosevelt, brought about by his wife's opinion that the second floor of the White House, then shared between bedrooms and offices, should be just a domestic space. The one-story Executive Office Building was intended to be a temporary structure, for use until a permanent building was erected either on that site or elsewhere. Building it to the west of the White House allowed the removal of a vast, dilapidated set of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 44
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "5205188",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Reconstruction\"\nLincoln's famous bed and other furniture from the time of his administration that had been discovered and restored by the Trumans. To bring the White House's history closer to the people, President Truman conducted the first television tour of the White House on April 22, 1952 and opened the mansion to public tours; previously tours were only by way of Congressional appointments. A significant effect the reconstructed house had on the lives of its occupants and on the operations of the presidency was due to air conditioning. Previously the operations of the White House and West Wing were significantly reduced",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 45
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "14429358",
"chunk_text": "\"Vermeil Room\"\nVermeil Room The Vermeil Room ( ; ) is located on the ground floor of the White House, the official residence of the President of the United States. The room houses a collection of silver-gilt or vermeil tableware, a 1956 bequest to the White House by Margaret Thompson Biddle. Portraits of American First Ladies hang in the room. The Vermeil Room was originally a staff work room used for storage and later for the tasks of polishing silver. Theodore Roosevelt's 1902 renovation of the White House by architect Charles Follen McKim reconfigured the use of the house, finishing much of",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 46
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511380",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nbriefing room, which was redone by the George W. Bush administration in 2007. When Woodrow Wilson was elected Governor of New Jersey in 1910, he asked Joseph P. Tumulty to serve as his Private Secretary. When he was elected president two years later, he brought Tumulty with him to the White House, where Tumulty served as Private Secretary to the President. As private secretary, Tumulty dealt extensively with the press. At the outset of the administration, Tumulty convinced Wilson, who was known for his distaste of the press, to hold news conferences on a regularized schedule, sometimes as much as",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 47
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "18729281",
"chunk_text": "\"Nathan C. Wyeth\"\nNathan C. Wyeth Nathan Corwith Wyeth (April 20, 1870 – August 30, 1963) was an American architect. He is best known for designing the West Wing of the White House, creating the first Oval Office. He designed a large number of structures in Washington, D.C., including the Francis Scott Key Bridge over the Potomac River, the USS Maine Mast Memorial, the D.C. Armory, the Tidal Basin Inlet Bridge, many structures that comprise Judiciary Square, and numerous private homes—many of which now serve as embassies. He also co-designed the Cannon House Office Building, the Russell Senate Office Building, the Longworth House",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 48
},
{
"bge_score": null,
"chunk_id": "17511370",
"chunk_text": "\"White House Press Secretary\"\nwith support in exchange. For example, the \"\"Gazette of the United States\"\" won an early U.S. Treasury contract and was supportive of then-President Washington. In general, though coverage of the president could be harsh and opinionated, newspapers were to some degree extensions of the political party apparatus and subsequently not seen as entities requiring specific, sustained management by the White House or administration. The media had changed significantly by 1884, when Grover Cleveland was elected as President of the United States. Between the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and 1884, the United States had quadrupled in size and increased in",
"is_relevant": null,
"oracle_score": null,
"page_id": 49
}
] |
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