sot_question stringlengths 42 9.8k | ds_name stringclasses 8
values | pred_label int64 0 2 | logits listlengths 3 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
['Dynamic calf muscle exercise of different intensities was performed at 90 degrees knee-joint flexion. To obtain different hydrostatic pressures and calf volumes, all exercise tests were conducted both in prone and supine position after 10 min of rest in the respective positions. Severe prone exercise was associated w... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5276858806610107,
0.22685664892196655,
1.3967585563659668
] |
['The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) is a nutritional scoring system that has been associated with muscle strength among dialysis patients. We aimed to test whether MIS is able to predict muscle strength in nondialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) individuals.', 'This was a cross-sectional study co... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1774516105651855,
-1.3218107223510742,
2.5722174644470215
] |
['Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients may suffer changes in nutritional status after starting PD. Several markers can be used to evaluate these modifications, such as body mass index (BMI), serum albumin, and serum creatinine. Fluid overload should be considered because it can overestimate or underestimate nutritional st... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.0122369527816772,
-1.676877498626709,
1.7057433128356934
] |
['This study tested the hypothesis that wideband aural absorbance predicts conductive hearing loss (CHL) in children medically classified as having otitis media with effusion.', 'Absorbance was measured in the ear canal over frequencies from 0.25 to 8 kHz at ambient pressure or as a swept tympanogram. CHL was defined u... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4643439054489136,
-1.1198688745498657,
1.6877540349960327
] |
['Approximately one third of the hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) families carry germline mutations in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1). Risk prediction in members of families with this rare but deadly cancer could be improved by the identification of additional HDGC genes in non-CDH1 families.', 'Affected individual... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.348146677017212,
-0.14575164020061493,
1.4880390167236328
] |
['Failure of vein graft conduits due to vein graft thickening, accelerated atherosclerosis, and subsequent plaque rupture is applicable to 50% of all vein grafts within 10 years. New potential therapeutic targets to treat vein graft disease may be found in components of the innate immune system, such as mast cells and ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6005425453186035,
-1.108156442642212,
2.7822790145874023
] |
['Bone grafts are widely used in orthopaedic procedures. Autografts are limited by donor site morbidity while allografts are known for considerable infection and failure rates. A synthetic composite bone graft substitute poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (pHEMA-nHA) was previously develop... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3060991764068604,
-1.4600141048431396,
2.818190574645996
] |
["Marek's disease (MD) is a neoplastic disease in chickens caused by the MD virus (MDV). Successful vaccine development against MD has resulted in increased virulence of MDV and the understanding of genetic resistance to the disease is, therefore, crucial to long-term control strategies. Also, epigenetic factors are be... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5661895275115967,
-0.880068838596344,
2.573453664779663
] |
['The ethacrynic acid derivative, 4-(2-butyl-6,7-dichlor-2-cyclopentylindan-1-on-5-yl) oxobutyric acid (DCPIB) is considered to be a specific and potent inhibitor of volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs). In the CNS, DCPIB was shown to be neuroprotective through mechanisms principally associated to its action on VRAC... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.332594633102417,
-1.350391149520874,
2.710150718688965
] |
['Vascular endothelial cells contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases by actively regulating the stromal inflammatory response; however, little is known regarding the role of endothelial inflammation in the growth of human tumors and its influence on the prognosis of human cancers.', 'Using an experime... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.627117872238159,
-0.9759284257888794,
2.7484488487243652
] |
['It has been reported that the tumor suppressor gene, PTEN, which is inactivated in many malignant tumors, plays an important role in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, cell migration, and cell spread. For cancer gene therapy, one of the most important problems is low gene transfection efficiency.', 'In the present study, ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1778697967529297,
-1.3976163864135742,
2.5688974857330322
] |
['We investigated the relationships between the autonomic nervous system, as assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) and levels of N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (Nt-proBNP) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).', 'The mean of standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN), the percentage of RR inte... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2178013324737549,
-1.8195934295654297,
2.0120253562927246
] |
['Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is difficult to eradicate and type III interferons (IFN-λ, composed of IL-28A, IL-28B and IL-29) are novel therapeutic candidates. We hypothesized that IFN-λ have immunomodulatory effects in HCV- infected individuals.', 'We analyzed the expression of IFN-λ and its receptor (composed of IL-10R2... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3151566982269287,
-1.3577876091003418,
2.7386717796325684
] |
['Studies on the relationship of metabolic syndrome (MS) and prostate cancer are controversial. We evaluated the association between MS and prostate cancer characteristics in patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.', 'From October 2003 to May 2011, patients with a prostate-specific antigen... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0745036602020264,
-1.2529706954956055,
2.3876261711120605
] |
['Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is a negative regulator of myogenesis in skeletal muscle. We examined the effect of myostatin and myostatin inhibition by an antagonistic agent, follistatin, on growth of human urethral rhabdosphincter satellite cells (muscle stem cells) to develop ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5570008754730225,
-1.1964154243469238,
2.803651809692383
] |
['Genetic factors are believed to be important in early-onset lone atrial fibrillation (AF). The gene GJA5 encodes the gap-junction protein Cx40, which together with Cx43 is responsible for the electrical coupling of the atrial cardiomyocytes. The regulatory single nucleotide polymorphism rs10465885 in GJA5 was recentl... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.177072763442993,
-1.3397371768951416,
2.563807249069214
] |
['Infants with congenital heart lesions who undergo open heart surgery may experience physiologic and metabolic stress in the postoperative period, leading to altered metabolism and hypercatabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between energy intake and hospital outcomes during the first ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8718202114105225,
-0.8657450079917908,
1.821446418762207
] |
['Lamina propria Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, stimulate goblet cell (GC) proliferation and MUC2 production, which protect the intestinal mucosa. Elemental enteral nutrition (EEN) reduces tissue IL-4 and impairs barrier function. Proanthocyanidins (PACs) stimulate oral mucin levels. We hypothesized that ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7034022808074951,
-1.610379934310913,
2.2512001991271973
] |
['Genomic imprinting is a process causing genes to be expressed according to parental origin. Imprinting acts to coordinate fetal and prenatal growth, as well as control postnatal adaptations. Studies on human imprinting are confounded by tissue availability, sampling variability and limitations posed by tissue-specifi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5449421405792236,
-0.8632171154022217,
2.5935027599334717
] |
['Cholesterol accumulation by macrophages plays a key role in atherogenesis. To begin to develop a global picture of this process, we used proteomics and transcriptomics to analyze foam cells generated with acetyl-low-density lipoprotein, a classic ligand for scavenger receptors.', 'Tandem mass spectrometry and stringe... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.396752119064331,
-1.0796313285827637,
2.5967822074890137
] |
['Recent data support the hypothesis that microvascular dysfunction may be a potential mechanism in the development of insulin resistance. We examined the association of microvascular dysfunction with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose metabolism by reviewing the literature and conducting a m... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4762500524520874,
-1.6411306858062744,
2.0358824729919434
] |
['To investigate the possibility that IgG anti-NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies (anti-NR2) derived from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cause an immunologic interaction with endothelial cells (ECs) in the blood-brain barrier, resulting in inflammation of the blood-brain barrier, allowing the entrance ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5165445804595947,
-1.1884838342666626,
2.7923879623413086
] |
['Current staging system for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) categorizes patients into limited- or extensive-stage disease groups according to anatomical localizations. Even so, a wide-range of survival times has been observed among patients in the same staging system. This study aimed to identify whether endobronchial m... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.607592225074768,
-1.5958037376403809,
2.1986279487609863
] |
['Mutations in LMNA gene cause cardiomyopathy, for which mechanistic insights are lacking.', 'Dusp4 expression is enhanced in hearts with LMNA cardiomyopathy, and its overexpression in mice causes it by activating AKT-mTOR signaling that impairs autophagy.'] Does dual specificity phosphatase 4 mediate cardiomyopathy ca... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4704434871673584,
-1.15744948387146,
2.706089973449707
] |
['Motion sickness is characterized by subjective symptoms that include dizziness and nausea. Studies have shown that subjective symptoms of motion sickness are preceded by differences in standing body sway between those who experience the symptoms and those who are not. Boxers often report dizziness and nausea immediat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-0.2673952579498291,
1.3650333881378174,
-1.8017157316207886
] |
['To determine which perioperative care practices are associated with decreased risk of surgical site infection (SSI) after colectomy surgery.', 'Optimization of perioperative care has been a common strategy for improving surgical safety, but the relationship between process measure compliance and surgical complication... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6269214153289795,
-1.0099577903747559,
2.7837047576904297
] |
['The aim of this study was to determine if a single preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level correlated with perioperative cardiac events, cardiac death, and all-cause mortality in elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair in the short term, intermediate term, and long term.', 'A prospective, 2-y... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8691600561141968,
-1.5278915166854858,
2.4504921436309814
] |
["To investigate blood flow and microvascular reactivity by laser speckle perfusion imager (Perimed, Jarfalla) in consecutive patients affected by Raynaud's phenomenon at baseline and following dynamic stimulations.", "Skin blood flow in the dorsum of the hand was measured at baseline and after cold test and post-occlu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6246041059494019,
-1.668936014175415,
2.287351369857788
] |
['Autonomic dysfunction, either sympathetic or parasympathetic, may explain the increased incidence of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) among preterm infants, as well as their subsequent heightened risk of hypertension in adulthood. As little is known about the development of autonomic function in preterm infants, w... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4392249584197998,
-1.4868388175964355,
1.9403140544891357
] |
['Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is an integral component of most colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. However, little is known about clinical risk factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN) despite negative FIT results. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical predictors of advanced... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7810837030410767,
-1.1547486782073975,
1.9719150066375732
] |
['This study sought to investigate plasma levels of circulating cardiac natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type or brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), in the general community, focusing on their relative differences in worsening human hypertension.', 'Although ANP and BNP are well-characterized r... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.062248706817627,
-1.4279038906097412,
2.5483930110931396
] |
['It is not recommended to perform QTc estimation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We evaluated multiple QT interval correction formulas, including a novel time-dependent history approach, in an effort to identify the best method for correcting the QT interval in patients with AF. The ideal correction results... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.7809450030326843,
-1.5739176273345947,
1.4687917232513428
] |
["Patient Navigation (PN) originated in Harlem as an intervention to help poor women overcome access barriers to timely breast cancer treatment. Despite rapid, nationally widespread adoption of PN, empirical evidence on its effectiveness is lacking. In 2005, National Cancer Institute initiated a multicenter PN Research... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.0200382471084595,
-1.51348078250885,
1.4714913368225098
] |
['Early identification and treatment of dehydration is prudent in patients requiring home parenteral nutrition (HPN) or home intravenous fluids (HIVF) to prevent hospital admissions for dehydration. Our home nutrition support service (HNS) developed a protocol in 2010 to provide additional bags of HIVF to be kept on ha... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0387356281280518,
-1.095262885093689,
2.2169501781463623
] |
['We investigated the role and regulation of zinc transporters in the activation of the inflammatory response in macrophages. Our exploratory computational study found that Zip14 (SLC39A14) was consistently up-regulated in activated macrophages; we therefore focused subsequently on that gene in the mechanistic study.',... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5068347454071045,
-1.1256089210510254,
2.6561636924743652
] |
['Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is known to involve the progression of renal dysfunction through its cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effects such as the induction of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Olmesartan, one of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4693615436553955,
-1.3265641927719116,
2.844087600708008
] |
['The aim of this study is to evaluate whether contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) attenuation, using a cationic contrast agent (CA4+), correlates with the equilibrium compressive modulus (E) and coefficient of friction (μ) of ex vivo bovine articular cartilage.', 'Correlations between CECT attenuation and E (... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.923621654510498,
-1.531998634338379,
2.5165839195251465
] |
['Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are orphan nuclear receptors that modulate the estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated pathway and play roles in the regulation of breast and prostate cancer cell growth. However, the significance of the localization and the function of ERRs in uterine endometrial cancer remain unclear. We a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.454213857650757,
-1.2671654224395752,
2.727091073989868
] |
['The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of elevated white blood cell (WBC) count at the time of the diagnosis of cervical cancer recurrence.', 'The baseline characteristics and outcome data of 219 patients who had a diagnosis of recurrent cervical cancer between April 1996 and September 2... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0434393882751465,
-1.3211908340454102,
2.4475269317626953
] |
['Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) supplies deoxyribonucleotide diphosphates demanded by cells to repair radiation-induced DNA damage. Here, we investigate the impact of pretherapy RNR M1, M2, and M2b (p53R3) subunit level upon human cervical cancer radiochemosensitivity.', 'Immunohistochemistry was performed on a tissue... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.199781656265259,
-1.5256187915802002,
2.7534701824188232
] |
['The efficacy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) in treating lower urinary tract symptoms is supported by the extremely high expression and activity of PDE5 in male bladder. Although bladder function regulation is similar among genders, no data are available on PDE5 expression and activity in female bladde... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3674819469451904,
-1.2922718524932861,
2.70166015625
] |
['Dysfunction of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) is a common cause of oral-pharyngeal dysphagia (OPD). Dilation is a primary treatment, although current techniques are subject to a high rate of failure and recurrence. Devices available for UES dilation are cylindrical and were designed to distend the round lumen o... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.020576238632202,
-1.3264983892440796,
2.4707531929016113
] |
['The ternary complex factors (TCFs; Elk1, Net, and Sap-1) are growth factor-responsive transcription cofactors of serum response factor (SRF) and are activated by MAP kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation to regulate immediate early gene transcription. Although cell adhesion also can regulate immediate early genes and prolife... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5330514907836914,
-1.0417183637619019,
2.608288288116455
] |
['Gambogic acid (GBA) targeted Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and prohibited TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. It can be inferred that the anti-inflammatory activity of GBA results from inhibiting the cytokine production via NF-κB signaling pathway. We used the RAW264.7 cell line and the endotoxin shock mouse model to conf... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4050490856170654,
-1.1734356880187988,
2.6264572143554688
] |
['To compare native aortic (AV) and mitral valve (MV) image quality on limited-dose retrospectively ECG-gated CTA of the thoracoabdominal aorta reconstructed with iterative reconstruction (IR) and filtered back projection (FBP).', 'Fifty patients underwent routine care retrospectively ECG-gated thoracoabdominal limited... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4981752634048462,
-1.6187140941619873,
2.1242918968200684
] |
['To test if the treatment adherence to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) granules influences the serum albumin level and prognosis in prospective 2984 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis who were prescribed BCAA granules containing 952\u2009mg of L-isoleucine, 1904\u2009mg of L-leucine and 1144\u2009mg of L-val... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5580193996429443,
-0.9738981127738953,
2.580601930618286
] |
['IL-15 can either be transpresented by IL-15Rα or be secreted.', 'New N- and C-terminal splice versions of human IL-15Rα determine whether IL-15 is secreted or stays bound to the cell membrane.'] Are paracrine and transpresentation functions of IL-15 mediated by diverse splice versions of IL-15Rα in human monocytes an... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5067529678344727,
-0.7242681384086609,
2.2508082389831543
] |
['Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a clinically distinct form of CRC that is often associated with a poor prognosis. Methylation levels of genomic repeats such as LINE-1 elements have been recognized as independent factors for increased cancer-related mortality. The methylation status of LINE-1 elements i... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.652168869972229,
-1.6139408349990845,
2.264622211456299
] |
['Natural compounds with anti-microbial properties are attractive reagents to reduce the use of conventional antibiotics. Carvacrol, the main constituent of oregano oil, inhibits the growth of a variety of bacterial foodborne pathogens. As concentrations of carvacrol may vary in vivo or when used in animal feed, we her... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.63139009475708,
-0.973294734954834,
2.7263882160186768
] |
['Control of HIV is suggested to depend on potent effector functions of the virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell response. Antigen opsonization can modulate the capture of antigen, its presentation, and the priming of specific CD8(+) T-cell responses.', 'We have previously shown that opsonization of retroviruses acts as an end... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3670170307159424,
-1.2898579835891724,
2.733351230621338
] |
['A single session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2T) is known to act on the parasympathetic system and also increase the production of reactive oxygen species. However, the impact of a treatment series consisting of 20 to 40 sessions on blood pressure (BP) remains unknown. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3862720727920532,
-1.6553218364715576,
1.9862525463104248
] |
['Previous research has shown that motive congruence, as observed in convergingly high or low scores on implicit and explicit motive measures, promotes well-being and health. Extending this individual perspective to the realm of couple relationships, the present investigation examined intra- and interpersonal effects o... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.590895175933838,
0.7317723631858826,
0.9402471780776978
] |
['Several studies have shown that adiponectin can lower blood glucose in diabetic mice. The aim of this study was to establish an effective adiponectin production process and to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of the different adiponectin forms in diabetic mice and sand rats.', 'Human high molecular weight, mouse ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.264838218688965,
-1.2458570003509521,
2.573352098464966
] |
['Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by progressive inflammation associated with rampantly proliferating synoviocytes and joint destruction due to oxidative stress. Recently, we described nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as a major requirement for limiting cartilage destruction. NF-κB and AP-1... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.472870111465454,
-1.3278249502182007,
2.8201189041137695
] |
['Parenting confidence with regards to caring for their infants is crucial for the healthy adaptation to parenthood and the development of positive parent-infant relationships. The postpartum period is a tremendous transitional time for parents, so their unique needs should be considered. This study explored parenting ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.867606520652771,
-0.6921829581260681,
0.6110292077064514
] |
['The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the local control effects of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) using epirubicin (EPIR) and that using miriplatin (MPT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).', 'Between January 2010 and July 2011, 218 HCC cases were treated with TACE, including 69 cases us... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.21406626701355,
-1.4245166778564453,
2.7030067443847656
] |
['Phenolic compounds are the most commonly studied of all secondary metabolites because of their significant protective-defensive roles and their significant concentration in plant tissues. However, there has been little study on relationships between gas exchange parameters and the concentration of leaf phenolic compo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.7884433269500732,
0.4959828555583954,
1.5175228118896484
] |
["Exposure to higher-than-optimal temperatures reduces crop yield and quality, mainly due to sensitivity of developing pollen grains. The mechanisms maintaining high pollen quality under heat-stress conditions are poorly understood. Our recently published data indicate high heat-stress-induced expression of ethylene-re... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6893837451934814,
-0.5940602421760559,
2.3354873657226562
] |
['The etiology of the geriatric syndrome frailty is multifactorial. Besides hormonal and inflammatory processes, nutritional influences may be of major relevance. In this cross-sectional study, the association between dietary quality and frailty was investigated.', 'In 192 community-dwelling older volunteers (>75 years... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4923580884933472,
-1.1058533191680908,
1.6371569633483887
] |
['A subset of patients requires reoperative antireflux surgery (Re-ARS) after failed fundoplication. The aim of this study was to determine symptomatic outcomes beyond 1 year following Re-ARS and to assess the relative utility of two different surgical approaches.', 'After Institutional Review Board approval, patients ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.8776299357414246,
-1.7033796310424805,
1.4900879859924316
] |
['To investigate the use of random ultrasensitive (US) luteinizing hormone (LH) levels to monitor children being treated with a histrelin implant for central precocious puberty (CPP).', 'This was a prospective, uncontrolled, observational study at a pediatric endocrinology tertiary center. Thirty-three children (26 gir... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6107319593429565,
-1.6110970973968506,
2.1978464126586914
] |
['High-performance sunscreen protects both healthy consumers and photosensitive patients from strong ultraviolet (UV) exposure. The sun-protection factor (SPF), which indicates the efficacy of UV protection, is determined using a prescribed sunscreen application thickness of 2.0 mg/cm(2). Therefore, users should apply ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 0 | [
0.5208137631416321,
-1.4432737827301025,
0.13692353665828705
] |
['To evaluate the effect of a synthetic progestin on the vascular resistance of the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries in climacteric women, compared to placebo, using transorbital ultrasound with Doppler velocimetry.', 'We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study with 216 clim... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0393106937408447,
-1.3922871351242065,
2.4542348384857178
] |
['Medline, Embase and the Chinese Biomedical Literature databases were searched with no language restrictions.', 'Studies evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography in detecting TMJ disc displacement in participants with any symptoms or clinical signs related to temporomandibular disorders (TMD), with use of... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6259297132492065,
-1.537909984588623,
2.2182962894439697
] |
['The Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase databases were searched as well as the references of identified articles and reviews.', 'Studies were selected independently by two authors with disagreements being resolved by discussion. Only English language papers were included.', 'Data abstraction was conducted independen... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.636857509613037,
-0.14601559937000275,
1.7946693897247314
] |
['Oxidative stress (oxidant-antioxidant imbalance) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of neonatal sepsis. This study evaluated whether an antisense peptide endothelin receptor antagonist, ETR-P1/fl, could attenuate oxidative stress in a neonatal sepsis model.', 'A total of 18 3-d-old piglets were anesthetiz... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.104172945022583,
-1.5644466876983643,
2.662087917327881
] |
['D-dimer levels have been reported to increase progressively during pregnancy, but how this affects Nigerian women is not well known.', 'This study aims to determine the D-dimer concentration and its relationship to other coagulation parameters among pregnant women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.', 'In a cross-sectional ob... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.689268946647644,
-1.6252882480621338,
1.2745481729507446
] |
['Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor in various types of cancer. However, it promotes colon cancer progression. The aim of this study is to clarify the underlying mechanism by which PROX1 regulates tumorigenicity of colon cancer.', 'Association of PROX1 and clinicopathological ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2928199768066406,
-1.355576992034912,
2.677168846130371
] |
['To evaluate the relationship between nutritional status early in life and the timing and velocity of height growth, lung function, complications of cystic fibrosis, and survival.', 'Prospective, observational study using data from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Registry (US) for patients born between 1989 and 1992 (n... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3986904621124268,
-0.39401647448539734,
1.966880202293396
] |
['To assess the effect of massage on weight gain and body fat deposition in preterm infants.', 'Preterm infants (29-32 weeks) were randomized to the massage group (n\xa0=\xa022, 12 girls, 10 boys) or the control group (n\xa0=\xa022, 12 girls, 10 boys). Treatment was masked with massage or control care administered twic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.9539326429367065,
-1.6476857662200928,
1.566671371459961
] |
['Melatonin has been shown to attenuate the reflex sympathetic increases that arise in response to orthostatic challenges. We tested the hypothesis that the attenuated sympathetic increase induced by melatonin premedication may weaken the arterial blood pressure (ABP) preserving the capability during acute hypotension,... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4406137466430664,
-1.0968196392059326,
2.64054536819458
] |
['Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α(2)-adrenoceptor agonist that is widely used for sedation and analgesia during the perioperative period. Intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine induces transient hypertension due to vasoconstriction via the activation of the α(2)-adrenoceptor on vascular smooth muscle. Th... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2975504398345947,
-1.3781418800354004,
2.743091106414795
] |
['A rapid method of reversal is required for patients on warfarin who suffer acute bleeding or require emergency surgery. Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) have recently been recommended by the Canadian Blood Services for use at a fixed low dose of 1000 IU of Factor (F)IX activity. The main goal of this study was... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3473429679870605,
-1.4213511943817139,
1.7777929306030273
] |
["Enabling women with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to have successful pregnancies requires complex decisions. The study aimed to assess patients' views on IBD and pregnancy and to evaluate any association with subject knowledge.", "General attitudes of females with IBD were assessed on fertility, medication use, d... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.441218614578247,
0.2401588410139084,
1.2451589107513428
] |
['White blood cell count is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biomarker that can single out individuals at risk for vascular events.', 'To evaluate whether NLR adds additional information beyond that provided by conventional risk factors and biomarke... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2860215902328491,
-1.7462507486343384,
2.0421504974365234
] |
['Phenotypic modulation of adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of proliferative vascular diseases. The current study aimed to identify the role of cellular repressor E1A-stimulated genes (CREG), a critical mediator in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis, in AF phenotypic modula... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3900845050811768,
-1.369218111038208,
2.8193302154541016
] |
['Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a calcium-binding matricellular glycoprotein, is implicated in the progressions of some cancers. However, no information has been available to date regarding the function of SPARC in cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis.', 'In this study, we isolated and est... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.482434034347534,
-1.2437100410461426,
2.8043503761291504
] |
['CYR61 (cysteine-rich protein 61, also named IGFBP10) is a secreted signaling molecule that promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth. The goal of this study is to determine whether a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the CYR61 gene (rs3753793) is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk and gene expres... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6634033918380737,
-1.530760645866394,
2.2069263458251953
] |
['Despite improved post-transplantation care, progress in long-term kidney allograft survival of diabetic renal transplant recipients (pre-DM RTR) is worse than that of non-diabetic recipients (non-DM). We hypothesized that there are other potential risk factors, that predispose RTR to adverse renal allograft outcomes.... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6767653226852417,
-1.6199548244476318,
2.288362741470337
] |
['Hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC) is best managed with a multimodal approach; however, the optimal timing of liver resection in relation to administration of perioperative chemotherapy remains unclear. Our strategy has been to offer up-front liver resection for patients with resectable hepatic metastase... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6802293062210083,
-1.579217553138733,
2.306945562362671
] |
['Chronic pain is believed to be related to a dysfunction of descending pain modulatory mechanisms. Functioning of descending pain modulation can be assessed by various methods, including conditioned pain modulation (CPM). CPM refers to the inhibition of one source of pain by a second noxious stimulus, termed the condi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4630229473114014,
-0.5315048098564148,
2.0305685997009277
] |
['To assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol) on the insulin sensitivity and metabolic health of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).', 'Twenty-eight adult patients with CKD stages 3-4 were recruited from the outpatient department of the Princess Alexandra Hospital (Brisbane, Australia) t... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.5935441255569458,
-1.6172354221343994,
2.178231716156006
] |
['To test whether the combined use of total plasma/serum bilirubin (TSB) levels and clinical risk factors more accurately identifies infants who receive phototherapy than does the use of either method alone.', "We recruited healthy infants of ≥35 weeks' gestation at 6 centers that practiced universal predischarge TSB s... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1955848932266235,
-1.7557134628295898,
1.908280611038208
] |
['Cucurbitacin B, an oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid compound extracted from the Thai medicinal plant Trichosanthes cucumerina L., has been reported to have several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer. Cucurbitacin B is great of interest because of its biological activity... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.39823842048645,
-1.322149634361267,
2.8036670684814453
] |
['Contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with T1 mapping enables quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Various factors, however, can interfere with T1 measurements. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of co-medication with a typical protein binding drug (ibuprofen) on T... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.587946891784668,
-1.6852011680603027,
2.2560901641845703
] |
['Benzodiazepines modulate γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors throughout the brain. However, it is not fully understood which brain regions within anxiety-related brain circuits are really responsible for their anxiolytic effects and how these regions interact.', 'We investigated whether the benzodiazepine ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4098541736602783,
-1.2763350009918213,
2.7289695739746094
] |
['To characterize the effect of HIV infection on IL-27-induced gene expression.', 'During HIV infection, cytokine expression and function become deregulated. IL-27 is an important modulator of inflammatory responses. Interestingly, IL-27 can inhibit HIV replication in T cells and monocytes, implicating IL-27 as a poten... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4945895671844482,
-1.0705299377441406,
2.599508285522461
] |
['The indications for laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (LSPDP) and its morbidity compared with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (LDPS) are ill-defined. This study aimed to share the indications for spleen-preservation and investigate the safety and outcome of LSPDP at our institut... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.276832103729248,
-1.10834801197052,
2.4861464500427246
] |
['Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis has been associated with a broad range of clinical manifestations ranging from a simple cutaneous ulcer to destructive mucosal lesions. Factors leading to this diversity of clinical presentations are not clear, but parasite factors have lately been recognized as important in determin... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3782684803009033,
-1.249185562133789,
2.6896610260009766
] |
['The activation of immune cells in the brain is believed to be one of the earliest events in prion disease development, where misfolded PrionSc protein deposits are thought to act as irritants leading to a series of events that culminate in neuronal cell dysfunction and death. The role of these events in prion disease... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.7236320972442627,
-0.2757464349269867,
2.090622901916504
] |
["Acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) predicts poor outcome after injury. Females have been demonstrated to be hypercoagulable early in the posttrauma period. It remains unclear whether presence of ATC alters sex-based outcomes after injury. This study's objective was to characterize the sex dimorphism after severe inju... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4358166456222534,
-1.3870785236358643,
1.8682992458343506
] |
['During development, the presence of strabismus and anisometropia frequently leads to amblyopia, a visual disorder characterized by interocular acuity differences. Although additional deficits in contrast sensitivity, crowding (the impaired recognition of closely spaced objects), and stereoacuity are common, the relat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9437755346298218,
-1.340221881866455,
2.2990705966949463
] |
['Fibrosis is a major contributor to joint stiffness in osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated several factors associated with the persistence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-induced fibrosis and whether these factors also play a role in OA-related fibrosis.', 'Mice were injected intra-articularly (i.a.) with ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4134457111358643,
-1.3945627212524414,
2.833789825439453
] |
['Disease-related malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospital patients and varies from 25-40%. Early nutritional screening of patients at admission helps to improve recognition of malnourished patients to allow early interventions and enhance clinical outcomes.', 'A total of 104 preoperative surgical patients with oes... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3865898847579956,
-0.9544779658317566,
1.4482618570327759
] |
['Diallyl polysulfanes have been shown to exert cell cycle arrest, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models. Although diallyl polysulfanes cause oxidative stress, little is known about the underlying signaling cascades leading to antioxidant defense or apoptosis.', 'Cells ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.477891445159912,
-1.211918592453003,
2.726327419281006
] |
['STAT1 is an essential transcription factor for interferon-γ-mediated gene responses. A distinct sumoylation consensus site (ψKxE) 702IKTE705 is localized in the C-terminal region of STAT1, where Lys703 is a target for PIAS-induced SUMO modification. Several studies indicate that sumoylation has an inhibitory role on ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2606112957000732,
-1.0486836433410645,
2.3042349815368652
] |
['Childhood obesity is associated with reduced quality of life, physical fitness, and a higher prevalence of lower extremity (LE) pain; however, it is unclear whether and how these factors are related.', 'For this study we asked if obese children with LE pain (LE+) had higher BMI-Z scores, lower physical function and p... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.9154184460639954,
-1.0062217712402344,
1.0417828559875488
] |
['To examine the rates and predictors of mental health services use for a nationally representative cohort of youths who had been investigated for alleged maltreatment.', 'Data came from caregiver and caseworker baseline and 18-month interviews in the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being. These int... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-2.1332814693450928,
0.8829585313796997,
0.4521024823188782
] |
["Biological, psychological and social factors may interact with the mental health status of Graves' disease (GD) patients before and after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. Our aim was to quantify the impact of supportive and risk factors after recovery from GD which may enhance cure rates.", '300 patients were recrui... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3669787645339966,
-0.5667480230331421,
1.0022249221801758
] |
['A low absolute lymphocyte count is a likely index of poor systemic immunity that may be associated with aggressive features and inferior survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.', 'To determine the absolute lymphocyte count we retrospectively analyzed the preoperative blood count of 430 patients wit... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.051710844039917,
-1.496095895767212,
2.6124677658081055
] |
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