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7,000
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Raman Spectrum Recognition: A Unified Solution
cs.LG
Machine learning methods have found many applications in Raman spectroscopy, especially for the identification of chemical species. However, almost all of these methods require non-trivial preprocessing such as baseline correction and/or PCA as an essential step. Here we describe our unified solution for the identifica...
computer science
7,001
THAP: A Matlab Toolkit for Learning with Hawkes Processes
stat.ML
As a powerful tool of asynchronous event sequence analysis, point processes have been studied for a long time and achieved numerous successes in different fields. Among various point process models, Hawkes process and its variants attract many researchers in statistics and computer science these years because they capt...
computer science
7,002
Efficient Convolutional Network Learning using Parametric Log based Dual-Tree Wavelet ScatterNet
cs.LG
We propose a DTCWT ScatterNet Convolutional Neural Network (DTSCNN) formed by replacing the first few layers of a CNN network with a parametric log based DTCWT ScatterNet. The ScatterNet extracts edge based invariant representations that are used by the later layers of the CNN to learn high-level features. This improve...
computer science
7,003
Efficient tracking of a growing number of experts
stat.ML
We consider a variation on the problem of prediction with expert advice, where new forecasters that were unknown until then may appear at each round. As often in prediction with expert advice, designing an algorithm that achieves near-optimal regret guarantees is straightforward, using aggregation of experts. However, ...
computer science
7,004
A State-Space Approach to Dynamic Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
cs.LG
Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been actively investigated and used in a wide range of problems in the past decade. A significant amount of attention has been given to develop NMF algorithms that are suitable to model time series with strong temporal dependencies. In this paper, we propose a novel state-spac...
computer science
7,005
Fast Incremental SVDD Learning Algorithm with the Gaussian Kernel
stat.ML
Support vector data description (SVDD) is a machine learning technique that is used for single-class classification and outlier detection. The idea of SVDD is to find a set of support vectors that defines a boundary around data. When dealing with online or large data, existing batch SVDD methods have to be rerun in eac...
computer science
7,006
Two-Step Disentanglement for Financial Data
cs.LG
In this work, we address the problem of disentanglement of factors that generate a given data into those that are correlated with the labeling and those that are not. Our solution is simpler than previous solutions and employs adversarial training in a straightforward manner. We demonstrate the new method on visual dat...
computer science
7,007
On Identifiability of Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
cs.LG
In this letter, we propose a new identification criterion that guarantees the recovery of the low-rank latent factors in the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) model, under mild conditions. Specifically, using the proposed criterion, it suffices to identify the latent factors if the rows of one factor are \emph{suf...
computer science
7,008
SamBaTen: Sampling-based Batch Incremental Tensor Decomposition
stat.ML
Tensor decompositions are invaluable tools in analyzing multimodal datasets. In many real-world scenarios, such datasets are far from being static, to the contrary they tend to grow over time. For instance, in an online social network setting, as we observe new interactions over time, our dataset gets updated in its "t...
computer science
7,009
Learning Implicit Generative Models Using Differentiable Graph Tests
stat.ML
Recently, there has been a growing interest in the problem of learning rich implicit models - those from which we can sample, but can not evaluate their density. These models apply some parametric function, such as a deep network, to a base measure, and are learned end-to-end using stochastic optimization. One strategy...
computer science
7,010
Balancing Interpretability and Predictive Accuracy for Unsupervised Tensor Mining
stat.ML
The PARAFAC tensor decomposition has enjoyed an increasing success in exploratory multi-aspect data mining scenarios. A major challenge remains the estimation of the number of latent factors (i.e., the rank) of the decomposition, which yields high-quality, interpretable results. Previously, we have proposed an automate...
computer science
7,011
Random Subspace with Trees for Feature Selection Under Memory Constraints
stat.ML
Dealing with datasets of very high dimension is a major challenge in machine learning. In this paper, we consider the problem of feature selection in applications where the memory is not large enough to contain all features. In this setting, we propose a novel tree-based feature selection approach that builds a sequenc...
computer science
7,012
Discriminative Similarity for Clustering and Semi-Supervised Learning
stat.ML
Similarity-based clustering and semi-supervised learning methods separate the data into clusters or classes according to the pairwise similarity between the data, and the pairwise similarity is crucial for their performance. In this paper, we propose a novel discriminative similarity learning framework which learns dis...
computer science
7,013
Inhomogeneous Hypergraph Clustering with Applications
cs.LG
Hypergraph partitioning is an important problem in machine learning, computer vision and network analytics. A widely used method for hypergraph partitioning relies on minimizing a normalized sum of the costs of partitioning hyperedges across clusters. Algorithmic solutions based on this approach assume that different p...
computer science
7,014
Spectral Mixture Kernels for Multi-Output Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
Early approaches to multiple-output Gaussian processes (MOGPs) relied on linear combinations of independent, latent, single-output Gaussian processes (GPs). This resulted in cross-covariance functions with limited parametric interpretation, thus conflicting with the ability of single-output GPs to understand lengthscal...
computer science
7,015
Recovery Conditions and Sampling Strategies for Network Lasso
stat.ML
The network Lasso is a recently proposed convex optimization method for machine learning from massive network structured datasets, i.e., big data over networks. It is a variant of the well-known least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso), which is underlying many methods in learning and signal processing i...
computer science
7,016
Deep learning: Technical introduction
stat.ML
This note presents in a technical though hopefully pedagogical way the three most common forms of neural network architectures: Feedforward, Convolutional and Recurrent. For each network, their fundamental building blocks are detailed. The forward pass and the update rules for the backpropagation algorithm are then der...
computer science
7,017
A Statistical Approach to Increase Classification Accuracy in Supervised Learning Algorithms
cs.LG
Probabilistic mixture models have been widely used for different machine learning and pattern recognition tasks such as clustering, dimensionality reduction, and classification. In this paper, we focus on trying to solve the most common challenges related to supervised learning algorithms by using mixture probability d...
computer science
7,018
Learning the PE Header, Malware Detection with Minimal Domain Knowledge
stat.ML
Many efforts have been made to use various forms of domain knowledge in malware detection. Currently there exist two common approaches to malware detection without domain knowledge, namely byte n-grams and strings. In this work we explore the feasibility of applying neural networks to malware detection and feature lear...
computer science
7,019
Boosting Deep Learning Risk Prediction with Generative Adversarial Networks for Electronic Health Records
cs.LG
The rapid growth of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), as well as the accompanied opportunities in Data-Driven Healthcare (DDH), has been attracting widespread interests and attentions. Recent progress in the design and applications of deep learning methods has shown promising results and is forcing massive changes in h...
computer science
7,020
Probabilistic Rule Realization and Selection
cs.LG
Abstraction and realization are bilateral processes that are key in deriving intelligence and creativity. In many domains, the two processes are approached through rules: high-level principles that reveal invariances within similar yet diverse examples. Under a probabilistic setting for discrete input spaces, we focus ...
computer science
7,021
Optimal Sub-sampling with Influence Functions
stat.ML
Sub-sampling is a common and often effective method to deal with the computational challenges of large datasets. However, for most statistical models, there is no well-motivated approach for drawing a non-uniform subsample. We show that the concept of an asymptotically linear estimator and the associated influence func...
computer science
7,022
Symmetric Variational Autoencoder and Connections to Adversarial Learning
stat.ML
A new form of the variational autoencoder (VAE) is proposed, based on the symmetric Kullback-Leibler divergence. It is demonstrated that learning of the resulting symmetric VAE (sVAE) has close connections to previously developed adversarial-learning methods. This relationship helps unify the previously distinct techni...
computer science
7,023
The low-rank hurdle model
stat.ML
A composite loss framework is proposed for low-rank modeling of data consisting of interesting and common values, such as excess zeros or missing values. The methodology is motivated by the generalized low-rank framework and the hurdle method which is commonly used to analyze zero-inflated counts. The model is demonstr...
computer science
7,024
Neural Networks Regularization Through Class-wise Invariant Representation Learning
cs.LG
Training deep neural networks is known to require a large number of training samples. However, in many applications only few training samples are available. In this work, we tackle the issue of training neural networks for classification task when few training samples are available. We attempt to solve this issue by pr...
computer science
7,025
Convolutional Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
We present a practical way of introducing convolutional structure into Gaussian processes, making them more suited to high-dimensional inputs like images. The main contribution of our work is the construction of an inter-domain inducing point approximation that is well-tailored to the convolutional kernel. This allows ...
computer science
7,026
Less Is More: A Comprehensive Framework for the Number of Components of Ensemble Classifiers
cs.LG
The number of component classifiers chosen for an ensemble has a great impact on its prediction ability. In this paper, we use a geometric framework for a priori determining the ensemble size, applicable to most of the existing batch and online ensemble classifiers. There are only a limited number of studies on the ens...
computer science
7,027
Deep Residual Networks and Weight Initialization
cs.LG
Residual Network (ResNet) is the state-of-the-art architecture that realizes successful training of really deep neural network. It is also known that good weight initialization of neural network avoids problem of vanishing/exploding gradients. In this paper, simplified models of ResNets are analyzed. We argue that good...
computer science
7,028
Classifying Unordered Feature Sets with Convolutional Deep Averaging Networks
cs.LG
Unordered feature sets are a nonstandard data structure that traditional neural networks are incapable of addressing in a principled manner. Providing a concatenation of features in an arbitrary order may lead to the learning of spurious patterns or biases that do not actually exist. Another complication is introduced ...
computer science
7,029
R2N2: Residual Recurrent Neural Networks for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting
cs.LG
Multivariate time-series modeling and forecasting is an important problem with numerous applications. Traditional approaches such as VAR (vector auto-regressive) models and more recent approaches such as RNNs (recurrent neural networks) are indispensable tools in modeling time-series data. In many multivariate time ser...
computer science
7,030
Semi-Supervised Active Clustering with Weak Oracles
stat.ML
Semi-supervised active clustering (SSAC) utilizes the knowledge of a domain expert to cluster data points by interactively making pairwise "same-cluster" queries. However, it is impractical to ask human oracles to answer every pairwise query. In this paper, we study the influence of allowing "not-sure" answers from a w...
computer science
7,031
Ensemble Methods as a Defense to Adversarial Perturbations Against Deep Neural Networks
stat.ML
Deep learning has become the state of the art approach in many machine learning problems such as classification. It has recently been shown that deep learning is highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Taking the camera systems of self-driving cars as an example, small adversarial perturbations can cause the sy...
computer science
7,032
Learning Graph-Level Representation for Drug Discovery
cs.LG
Predicating macroscopic influences of drugs on human body, like efficacy and toxicity, is a central problem of small-molecule based drug discovery. Molecules can be represented as an undirected graph, and we can utilize graph convolution networks to predication molecular properties. However, graph convolutional network...
computer science
7,033
Learning with Bounded Instance- and Label-dependent Label Noise
stat.ML
Instance- and label-dependent label noise (ILN) is widely existed in real-world datasets but has been rarely studied. In this paper, we focus on a particular case of ILN where the label noise rates, representing the probabilities that the true labels of examples flip into the corrupted labels, have upper bounds. We pro...
computer science
7,034
Dual Discriminator Generative Adversarial Nets
cs.LG
We propose in this paper a novel approach to tackle the problem of mode collapse encountered in generative adversarial network (GAN). Our idea is intuitive but proven to be very effective, especially in addressing some key limitations of GAN. In essence, it combines the Kullback-Leibler (KL) and reverse KL divergences ...
computer science
7,035
High-Dimensional Dependency Structure Learning for Physical Processes
cs.LG
In this paper, we consider the use of structure learning methods for probabilistic graphical models to identify statistical dependencies in high-dimensional physical processes. Such processes are often synthetically characterized using PDEs (partial differential equations) and are observed in a variety of natural pheno...
computer science
7,036
Adaptive Exploration-Exploitation Tradeoff for Opportunistic Bandits
cs.LG
In this paper, we propose and study opportunistic bandits - a new variant of bandits where the regret of pulling a suboptimal arm varies under different environmental conditions, such as network load or produce price. When the load/price is low, so is the cost/regret of pulling a suboptimal arm (e.g., trying a suboptim...
computer science
7,037
Tight Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
stat.ML
The nonnegative matrix factorization is a widely used, flexible matrix decomposition, finding applications in biology, image and signal processing and information retrieval, among other areas. Here we present a related matrix factorization. A multi-objective optimization problem finds conical combinations of templates ...
computer science
7,038
Normalized Direction-preserving Adam
cs.LG
Optimization algorithms for training deep models not only affects the convergence rate and stability of the training process, but are also highly related to the generalization performance of the models. While adaptive algorithms, such as Adam and RMSprop, have shown better optimization performance than stochastic gradi...
computer science
7,039
Interpretable Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning via Flows
stat.ML
In this paper, we consider the interpretability of the foundational Laplacian-based semi-supervised learning approaches on graphs. We introduce a novel flow-based learning framework that subsumes the foundational approaches and additionally provides a detailed, transparent, and easily understood expression of the learn...
computer science
7,040
Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks: A Deep Learning Framework for Traffic Forecasting
cs.LG
Timely accurate traffic forecast is crucial for urban traffic control and guidance. Due to the high nonlinearity and complexity of traffic flow, traditional methods cannot satisfy the requirements of mid-and-long term prediction tasks and often neglect spatial and temporal dependencies. In this paper, we propose a nove...
computer science
7,041
LSTM Fully Convolutional Networks for Time Series Classification
cs.LG
Fully convolutional neural networks (FCN) have been shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance on the task of classifying time series sequences. We propose the augmentation of fully convolutional networks with long short term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM RNN) sub-modules for time series classification. Our ...
computer science
7,042
Road Friction Estimation for Connected Vehicles using Supervised Machine Learning
cs.LG
In this paper, the problem of road friction prediction from a fleet of connected vehicles is investigated. A framework is proposed to predict the road friction level using both historical friction data from the connected cars and data from weather stations, and comparative results from different methods are presented. ...
computer science
7,043
Subset Labeled LDA for Large-Scale Multi-Label Classification
stat.ML
Labeled Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LLDA) is an extension of the standard unsupervised Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm, to address multi-label learning tasks. Previous work has shown it to perform in par with other state-of-the-art multi-label methods. Nonetheless, with increasing label sets sizes LLDA enc...
computer science
7,044
Relevant Ensemble of Trees
stat.ML
Tree ensembles are flexible predictive models that can capture relevant variables and to some extent their interactions in a compact and interpretable manner. Most algorithms for obtaining tree ensembles are based on versions of boosting or Random Forest. Previous work showed that boosting algorithms exhibit a cyclic b...
computer science
7,045
Deep Automated Multi-task Learning
cs.LG
Multi-task learning (MTL) has recently contributed to learning better representations in service of various NLP tasks. MTL aims at improving the performance of a primary task, by jointly training on a secondary task. This paper introduces automated tasks, which exploit the sequential nature of the input data, as second...
computer science
7,046
Learning Mixtures of Multi-Output Regression Models by Correlation Clustering for Multi-View Data
stat.ML
In many datasets, different parts of the data may have their own patterns of correlation, a structure that can be modeled as a mixture of local linear correlation models. The task of finding these mixtures is known as correlation clustering. In this work, we propose a linear correlation clustering method for datasets w...
computer science
7,047
Multi-Entity Dependence Learning with Rich Context via Conditional Variational Auto-encoder
cs.LG
Multi-Entity Dependence Learning (MEDL) explores conditional correlations among multiple entities. The availability of rich contextual information requires a nimble learning scheme that tightly integrates with deep neural networks and has the ability to capture correlation structures among exponentially many outcomes. ...
computer science
7,048
Neonatal Seizure Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks
stat.ML
This study presents a novel end-to-end architecture that learns hierarchical representations from raw EEG data using fully convolutional deep neural networks for the task of neonatal seizure detection. The deep neural network acts as both feature extractor and classifier, allowing for end-to-end optimization of the sei...
computer science
7,049
Why Pay More When You Can Pay Less: A Joint Learning Framework for Active Feature Acquisition and Classification
cs.LG
We consider the problem of active feature acquisition, where we sequentially select the subset of features in order to achieve the maximum prediction performance in the most cost-effective way. In this work, we formulate this active feature acquisition problem as a reinforcement learning problem, and provide a novel fr...
computer science
7,050
N2N Learning: Network to Network Compression via Policy Gradient Reinforcement Learning
cs.LG
While bigger and deeper neural network architectures continue to advance the state-of-the-art for many computer vision tasks, real-world adoption of these networks is impeded by hardware and speed constraints. Conventional model compression methods attempt to address this problem by modifying the architecture manually ...
computer science
7,051
A Note on Tight Lower Bound for MNL-Bandit Assortment Selection Models
stat.ML
In this note we prove a tight lower bound for the MNL-bandit assortment selection model that matches the upper bound given in (Agrawal et al., 2016a,b) for all parameters, up to logarithmic factors.
computer science
7,052
A Probabilistic Framework for Nonlinearities in Stochastic Neural Networks
stat.ML
We present a probabilistic framework for nonlinearities, based on doubly truncated Gaussian distributions. By setting the truncation points appropriately, we are able to generate various types of nonlinearities within a unified framework, including sigmoid, tanh and ReLU, the most commonly used nonlinearities in neural...
computer science
7,053
Scalable Estimation of Dirichlet Process Mixture Models on Distributed Data
stat.ML
We consider the estimation of Dirichlet Process Mixture Models (DPMMs) in distributed environments, where data are distributed across multiple computing nodes. A key advantage of Bayesian nonparametric models such as DPMMs is that they allow new components to be introduced on the fly as needed. This, however, posts an ...
computer science
7,054
Analogical-based Bayesian Optimization
cs.LG
Some real-world problems revolve to solve the optimization problem \max_{x\in\mathcal{X}}f\left(x\right) where f\left(.\right) is a black-box function and X might be the set of non-vectorial objects (e.g., distributions) where we can only define a symmetric and non-negative similarity score on it. This setting requires...
computer science
7,055
Triangle Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.LG
A Triangle Generative Adversarial Network ($\Delta$-GAN) is developed for semi-supervised cross-domain joint distribution matching, where the training data consists of samples from each domain, and supervision of domain correspondence is provided by only a few paired samples. $\Delta$-GAN consists of four neural networ...
computer science
7,056
Deep Reinforcement Learning that Matters
cs.LG
In recent years, significant progress has been made in solving challenging problems across various domains using deep reinforcement learning (RL). Reproducing existing work and accurately judging the improvements offered by novel methods is vital to sustaining this progress. Unfortunately, reproducing results for state...
computer science
7,057
A textual transform of multivariate time-series for prognostics
stat.ML
Prognostics or early detection of incipient faults is an important industrial challenge for condition-based and preventive maintenance. Physics-based approaches to modeling fault progression are infeasible due to multiple interacting components, uncontrolled environmental factors and observability constraints. Moreover...
computer science
7,058
Deep Lattice Networks and Partial Monotonic Functions
stat.ML
We propose learning deep models that are monotonic with respect to a user-specified set of inputs by alternating layers of linear embeddings, ensembles of lattices, and calibrators (piecewise linear functions), with appropriate constraints for monotonicity, and jointly training the resulting network. We implement the l...
computer science
7,059
Contrastive Principal Component Analysis
stat.ML
We present a new technique called contrastive principal component analysis (cPCA) that is designed to discover low-dimensional structure that is unique to a dataset, or enriched in one dataset relative to other data. The technique is a generalization of standard PCA, for the setting where multiple datasets are availabl...
computer science
7,060
Bandits with Delayed, Aggregated Anonymous Feedback
stat.ML
We study a variant of the stochastic $K$-armed bandit problem, which we call "bandits with delayed, aggregated anonymous feedback". In this problem, when the player pulls an arm, a reward is generated, however it is not immediately observed. Instead, at the end of each round the player observes only the sum of a number...
computer science
7,061
Structured Probabilistic Pruning for Convolutional Neural Network Acceleration
cs.LG
Although deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown better performance in various computer vision tasks, its application is restricted by a significant increase in storage and computation. Among CNN simplification techniques, parameter pruning is a promising approach which aims at reducing the number of weights ...
computer science
7,062
Learning RBM with a DC programming Approach
cs.LG
By exploiting the property that the RBM log-likelihood function is the difference of convex functions, we formulate a stochastic variant of the difference of convex functions (DC) programming to minimize the negative log-likelihood. Interestingly, the traditional contrastive divergence algorithm is a special case of th...
computer science
7,063
SpectralLeader: Online Spectral Learning for Single Topic Models
cs.LG
We study the problem of learning a latent variable model from a stream of data. Latent variable models are popular in practice because they can explain observed data in terms of unobserved concepts. These models have been traditionally studied in the offline setting. The online EM is arguably the most popular algorithm...
computer science
7,064
Perturbative Black Box Variational Inference
stat.ML
Black box variational inference (BBVI) with reparameterization gradients triggered the exploration of divergence measures other than the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, such as alpha divergences. In this paper, we view BBVI with generalized divergences as a form of estimating the marginal likelihood via biased import...
computer science
7,065
Total stability of kernel methods
stat.ML
Regularized empirical risk minimization using kernels and their corresponding reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) plays an important role in machine learning. However, the actually used kernel often depends on one or on a few hyperparameters or the kernel is even data dependent in a much more complicated manner. ...
computer science
7,066
Approximate Bayesian Inference in Linear State Space Models for Intermittent Demand Forecasting at Scale
stat.ML
We present a scalable and robust Bayesian inference method for linear state space models. The method is applied to demand forecasting in the context of a large e-commerce platform, paying special attention to intermittent and bursty target statistics. Inference is approximated by the Newton-Raphson algorithm, reduced t...
computer science
7,067
Ensemble Multi-task Gaussian Process Regression with Multiple Latent Processes
stat.ML
Multi-task/Multi-output learning seeks to exploit correlation among tasks to enhance performance over learning or solving each task independently. In this paper, we investigate this problem in the context of Gaussian Processes (GPs) and propose a new model which learns a mixture of latent processes by decomposing the c...
computer science
7,068
House Price Prediction Using LSTM
cs.LG
In this paper, we use the house price data ranging from January 2004 to October 2016 to predict the average house price of November and December in 2016 for each district in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. We apply Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model to generate the baseline while LSTM networks to...
computer science
7,069
Predictive-State Decoders: Encoding the Future into Recurrent Networks
stat.ML
Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a vital modeling technique that rely on internal states learned indirectly by optimization of a supervised, unsupervised, or reinforcement training loss. RNNs are used to model dynamic processes that are characterized by underlying latent states whose form is often unknown, precludi...
computer science
7,070
Understanding a Version of Multivariate Symmetric Uncertainty to assist in Feature Selection
cs.LG
In this paper, we analyze the behavior of the multivariate symmetric uncertainty (MSU) measure through the use of statistical simulation techniques under various mixes of informative and non-informative randomly generated features. Experiments show how the number of attributes, their cardinalities, and the sample size ...
computer science
7,071
On the regularization of Wasserstein GANs
stat.ML
Since their invention, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become a popular approach for learning to model a distribution of real (unlabeled) data. Convergence problems during training are overcome by Wasserstein GANs which minimize the distance between the model and the empirical distribution in terms of a dif...
computer science
7,072
AutoEncoder by Forest
cs.LG
Auto-encoding is an important task which is typically realized by deep neural networks (DNNs) such as convolutional neural networks (CNN). In this paper, we propose EncoderForest (abbrv. eForest), the first tree ensemble based auto-encoder. We present a procedure for enabling forests to do backward reconstruction by ut...
computer science
7,073
Output Range Analysis for Deep Neural Networks
cs.LG
Deep neural networks (NN) are extensively used for machine learning tasks such as image classification, perception and control of autonomous systems. Increasingly, these deep NNs are also been deployed in high-assurance applications. Thus, there is a pressing need for developing techniques to verify neural networks to ...
computer science
7,074
SUBIC: A Supervised Bi-Clustering Approach for Precision Medicine
cs.LG
Traditional medicine typically applies one-size-fits-all treatment for the entire patient population whereas precision medicine develops tailored treatment schemes for different patient subgroups. The fact that some factors may be more significant for a specific patient subgroup motivates clinicians and medical researc...
computer science
7,075
Introducing DeepBalance: Random Deep Belief Network Ensembles to Address Class Imbalance
stat.ML
Class imbalance problems manifest in domains such as financial fraud detection or network intrusion analysis, where the prevalence of one class is much higher than another. Typically, practitioners are more interested in predicting the minority class than the majority class as the minority class may carry a higher misc...
computer science
7,076
L1-norm Kernel PCA
stat.ML
We present the first model and algorithm for L1-norm kernel PCA. While L2-norm kernel PCA has been widely studied, there has been no work on L1-norm kernel PCA. For this non-convex and non-smooth problem, we offer geometric understandings through reformulations and present an efficient algorithm where the kernel trick ...
computer science
7,077
Comparison of PCA with ICA from data distribution perspective
stat.ML
We performed an empirical comparison of ICA and PCA algorithms by applying them on two simulated noisy time series with varying distribution parameters and level of noise. In general, ICA shows better results than PCA because it takes into account higher moments of data distribution. On the other hand, PCA remains quit...
computer science
7,078
A Nonlinear Orthogonal Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Approach to Subspace Clustering
stat.ML
A recent theoretical analysis shows the equivalence between non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and spectral clustering based approach to subspace clustering. As NMF and many of its variants are essentially linear, we introduce a nonlinear NMF with explicit orthogonality and derive general kernel-based orthogonal m...
computer science
7,079
Convergence Analysis of Distributed Stochastic Gradient Descent with Shuffling
stat.ML
When using stochastic gradient descent to solve large-scale machine learning problems, a common practice of data processing is to shuffle the training data, partition the data across multiple machines if needed, and then perform several epochs of training on the re-shuffled (either locally or globally) data. The above ...
computer science
7,080
Language-depedent I-Vectors for LRE15
stat.ML
A standard recipe for spoken language recognition is to apply a Gaussian back-end to i-vectors. This ignores the uncertainty in the i-vector extraction, which could be important especially for short utterances. A recent paper by Cumani, Plchot and Fer proposes a solution to propagate that uncertainty into the backend. ...
computer science
7,081
The Deep Ritz method: A deep learning-based numerical algorithm for solving variational problems
cs.LG
We propose a deep learning based method, the Deep Ritz Method, for numerically solving variational problems, particularly the ones that arise from partial differential equations. The Deep Ritz method is naturally nonlinear, naturally adaptive and has the potential to work in rather high dimensions. The framework is qui...
computer science
7,082
To prune, or not to prune: exploring the efficacy of pruning for model compression
stat.ML
Model pruning seeks to induce sparsity in a deep neural network's various connection matrices, thereby reducing the number of nonzero-valued parameters in the model. Recent reports (Han et al., 2015; Narang et al., 2017) prune deep networks at the cost of only a marginal loss in accuracy and achieve a sizable reduction...
computer science
7,083
Porcupine Neural Networks: (Almost) All Local Optima are Global
stat.ML
Neural networks have been used prominently in several machine learning and statistics applications. In general, the underlying optimization of neural networks is non-convex which makes their performance analysis challenging. In this paper, we take a novel approach to this problem by asking whether one can constrain neu...
computer science
7,084
Linear-Time Sequence Classification using Restricted Boltzmann Machines
cs.LG
Classification of sequence data is the topic of interest for dynamic Bayesian models and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). While the former can explicitly model the temporal dependencies between class variables, the latter have a capability of learning representations. Several attempts have been made to improve perform...
computer science
7,085
Discovering Playing Patterns: Time Series Clustering of Free-To-Play Game Data
stat.ML
The classification of time series data is a challenge common to all data-driven fields. However, there is no agreement about which are the most efficient techniques to group unlabeled time-ordered data. This is because a successful classification of time series patterns depends on the goal and the domain of interest, i...
computer science
7,086
Ranking and Selection as Stochastic Control
cs.LG
Under a Bayesian framework, we formulate the fully sequential sampling and selection decision in statistical ranking and selection as a stochastic control problem, and derive the associated Bellman equation. Using value function approximation, we derive an approximately optimal allocation policy. We show that this poli...
computer science
7,087
Bayesian Alignments of Warped Multi-Output Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
We present a Bayesian extension to convolution processes which defines a representation between multiple functions by an embedding in a shared latent space. The proposed model allows for both arbitrary alignments of the inputs and and also non-parametric output warpings to transform the observations. This gives rise to...
computer science
7,088
Enhancing Transparency of Black-box Soft-margin SVM by Integrating Data-based Prior Information
stat.ML
The lack of transparency often makes the black-box models difficult to be applied to many practical domains. For this reason, the current work, from the black-box model input port, proposes to incorporate data-based prior information into the black-box soft-margin SVM model to enhance its transparency. The concept and ...
computer science
7,089
Unifying Local and Global Change Detection in Dynamic Networks
cs.LG
Many real-world networks are complex dynamical systems, where both local (e.g., changing node attributes) and global (e.g., changing network topology) processes unfold over time. Local dynamics may provoke global changes in the network, and the ability to detect such effects could have profound implications for a numbe...
computer science
7,090
Sum-Product Networks for Hybrid Domains
cs.LG
While all kinds of mixed data -from personal data, over panel and scientific data, to public and commercial data- are collected and stored, building probabilistic graphical models for these hybrid domains becomes more difficult. Users spend significant amounts of time in identifying the parametric form of the random va...
computer science
7,091
Safe Semi-Supervised Learning of Sum-Product Networks
stat.ML
In several domains obtaining class annotations is expensive while at the same time unlabelled data are abundant. While most semi-supervised approaches enforce restrictive assumptions on the data distribution, recent work has managed to learn semi-supervised models in a non-restrictive regime. However, so far such appro...
computer science
7,092
An Analysis of Dropout for Matrix Factorization
cs.LG
Dropout is a simple yet effective algorithm for regularizing neural networks by randomly dropping out units through Bernoulli multiplicative noise, and for some restricted problem classes, such as linear or logistic regression, several theoretical studies have demonstrated the equivalence between dropout and a fully de...
computer science
7,093
Fast and Strong Convergence of Online Learning Algorithms
cs.LG
In this paper, we study the online learning algorithm without explicit regularization terms. This algorithm is essentially a stochastic gradient descent scheme in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). The polynomially decaying step size in each iteration can play a role of regularization to ensure the generalizati...
computer science
7,094
LinXGBoost: Extension of XGBoost to Generalized Local Linear Models
cs.LG
XGBoost is often presented as the algorithm that wins every ML competition. Surprisingly, this is true even though predictions are piecewise constant. This might be justified in high dimensional input spaces, but when the number of features is low, a piecewise linear model is likely to perform better. XGBoost was exten...
computer science
7,095
Using Task Descriptions in Lifelong Machine Learning for Improved Performance and Zero-Shot Transfer
cs.LG
Knowledge transfer between tasks can improve the performance of learned models, but requires an accurate estimate of the inter-task relationships to identify the relevant knowledge to transfer. These inter-task relationships are typically estimated based on training data for each task, which is inefficient in lifelong ...
computer science
7,096
Quantized Minimum Error Entropy Criterion
stat.ML
Comparing with traditional learning criteria, such as mean square error (MSE), the minimum error entropy (MEE) criterion is superior in nonlinear and non-Gaussian signal processing and machine learning. The argument of the logarithm in Renyis entropy estimator, called information potential (IP), is a popular MEE cost i...
computer science
7,097
Efficient Data-Driven Geologic Feature Detection from Pre-stack Seismic Measurements using Randomized Machine-Learning Algorithm
cs.LG
Conventional seismic techniques for detecting the subsurface geologic features are challenged by limited data coverage, computational inefficiency, and subjective human factors. We developed a novel data-driven geological feature detection approach based on pre-stack seismic measurements. Our detection method employs a...
computer science
7,098
A Unified Neural Network Approach for Estimating Travel Time and Distance for a Taxi Trip
stat.ML
In building intelligent transportation systems such as taxi or rideshare services, accurate prediction of travel time and distance is crucial for customer experience and resource management. Using the NYC taxi dataset, which contains taxi trips data collected from GPS-enabled taxis [23], this paper investigates the use...
computer science
7,099
Deep Learning in Multiple Multistep Time Series Prediction
stat.ML
The project aims to research on combining deep learning specifically Long-Short Memory (LSTM) and basic statistics in multiple multistep time series prediction. LSTM can dive into all the pages and learn the general trends of variation in a large scope, while the well selected medians for each page can keep the special...
computer science