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12,001
Nearly Optimal Sampling Algorithms for Combinatorial Pure Exploration
cs.LG
We study the combinatorial pure exploration problem Best-Set in stochastic multi-armed bandits. In a Best-Set instance, we are given $n$ arms with unknown reward distributions, as well as a family $\mathcal{F}$ of feasible subsets over the arms. Our goal is to identify the feasible subset in $\mathcal{F}$ with the maxi...
computer science
12,002
Stochastic Reformulations of Linear Systems: Algorithms and Convergence Theory
math.NA
We develop a family of reformulations of an arbitrary consistent linear system into a stochastic problem. The reformulations are governed by two user-defined parameters: a positive definite matrix defining a norm, and an arbitrary discrete or continuous distribution over random matrices. Our reformulation has several e...
computer science
12,003
Deep MIMO Detection
stat.ML
In this paper, we consider the use of deep neural networks in the context of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) detection. We give a brief introduction to deep learning and propose a modern neural network architecture suitable for this detection task. First, we consider the case in which the MIMO channel is constant...
computer science
12,004
Bayesian LSTMs in medicine
stat.ML
The medical field stands to see significant benefits from the recent advances in deep learning. Knowing the uncertainty in the decision made by any machine learning algorithm is of utmost importance for medical practitioners. This study demonstrates the utility of using Bayesian LSTMs for classification of medical time...
computer science
12,005
Stochastic Gradient Monomial Gamma Sampler
stat.ML
Recent advances in stochastic gradient techniques have made it possible to estimate posterior distributions from large datasets via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). However, when the target posterior is multimodal, mixing performance is often poor. This results in inadequate exploration of the posterior distribution. A...
computer science
12,006
Beyond Volume: The Impact of Complex Healthcare Data on the Machine Learning Pipeline
cs.CY
From medical charts to national census, healthcare has traditionally operated under a paper-based paradigm. However, the past decade has marked a long and arduous transformation bringing healthcare into the digital age. Ranging from electronic health records, to digitized imaging and laboratory reports, to public healt...
computer science
12,007
Retrosynthetic reaction prediction using neural sequence-to-sequence models
cs.LG
We describe a fully data driven model that learns to perform a retrosynthetic reaction prediction task, which is treated as a sequence-to-sequence mapping problem. The end-to-end trained model has an encoder-decoder architecture that consists of two recurrent neural networks, which has previously shown great success in...
computer science
12,008
Limitations on Variance-Reduction and Acceleration Schemes for Finite Sum Optimization
math.OC
We study the conditions under which one is able to efficiently apply variance-reduction and acceleration schemes on finite sum optimization problems. First, we show that, perhaps surprisingly, the finite sum structure by itself, is not sufficient for obtaining a complexity bound of $\tilde{\cO}((n+L/\mu)\ln(1/\epsilon)...
computer science
12,009
Deep Latent Dirichlet Allocation with Topic-Layer-Adaptive Stochastic Gradient Riemannian MCMC
stat.ML
It is challenging to develop stochastic gradient based scalable inference for deep discrete latent variable models (LVMs), due to the difficulties in not only computing the gradients, but also adapting the step sizes to different latent factors and hidden layers. For the Poisson gamma belief network (PGBN), a recently ...
computer science
12,010
Online Adaptive Machine Learning Based Algorithm for Implied Volatility Surface Modeling
stat.ML
In this work, we design a machine learning based method, online adaptive primal support vector regression (SVR), to model the implied volatility surface. The algorithm proposed is the first derivation and implementation of an online primal kernel SVR. It features enhancements that allow online adaptive learning by embe...
computer science
12,011
Attributed Network Embedding for Learning in a Dynamic Environment
cs.SI
Network embedding leverages the node proximity manifested to learn a low-dimensional node vector representation. The learned embeddings could advance various learning tasks such as node classification, network clustering, and link prediction. Most, if not all, of the existing work, is overwhelmingly performed in the co...
computer science
12,012
Inductive Representation Learning on Large Graphs
cs.SI
Low-dimensional embeddings of nodes in large graphs have proved extremely useful in a variety of prediction tasks, from content recommendation to identifying protein functions. However, most existing approaches require that all nodes in the graph are present during training of the embeddings; these previous approaches ...
computer science
12,013
Graph Convolutional Matrix Completion
stat.ML
We consider matrix completion for recommender systems from the point of view of link prediction on graphs. Interaction data such as movie ratings can be represented by a bipartite user-item graph with labeled edges denoting observed ratings. Building on recent progress in deep learning on graph-structured data, we prop...
computer science
12,014
Pain-Free Random Differential Privacy with Sensitivity Sampling
cs.LG
Popular approaches to differential privacy, such as the Laplace and exponential mechanisms, calibrate randomised smoothing through global sensitivity of the target non-private function. Bounding such sensitivity is often a prohibitively complex analytic calculation. As an alternative, we propose a straightforward sampl...
computer science
12,015
Avoiding Discrimination through Causal Reasoning
stat.ML
Recent work on fairness in machine learning has focused on various statistical discrimination criteria and how they trade off. Most of these criteria are observational: They depend only on the joint distribution of predictor, protected attribute, features, and outcome. While convenient to work with, observational crite...
computer science
12,016
A Maximum Matching Algorithm for Basis Selection in Spectral Learning
cs.LG
We present a solution to scale spectral algorithms for learning sequence functions. We are interested in the case where these functions are sparse (that is, for most sequences they return 0). Spectral algorithms reduce the learning problem to the task of computing an SVD decomposition over a special type of matrix call...
computer science
12,017
Recovery Guarantees for One-hidden-layer Neural Networks
cs.LG
In this paper, we consider regression problems with one-hidden-layer neural networks (1NNs). We distill some properties of activation functions that lead to $\mathit{local~strong~convexity}$ in the neighborhood of the ground-truth parameters for the 1NN squared-loss objective. Most popular nonlinear activation function...
computer science
12,018
On the Sampling Problem for Kernel Quadrature
stat.ML
The standard Kernel Quadrature method for numerical integration with random point sets (also called Bayesian Monte Carlo) is known to converge in root mean square error at a rate determined by the ratio $s/d$, where $s$ and $d$ encode the smoothness and dimension of the integrand. However, an empirical investigation re...
computer science
12,019
A Well-Tempered Landscape for Non-convex Robust Subspace Recovery
cs.LG
We present a mathematical analysis of a non-convex energy landscape for Robust Subspace Recovery. We prove that an underlying subspace is the only stationary point and local minimizer in a large neighborhood if a generic condition holds for a dataset. We further show that if the generic condition is satisfied, a geodes...
computer science
12,020
Analyzing the Robustness of Nearest Neighbors to Adversarial Examples
stat.ML
Motivated by safety-critical applications, test-time attacks on classifiers via adversarial examples has recently received a great deal of attention. However, there is a general lack of understanding on why adversarial examples arise; whether they originate due to inherent properties of data or due to lack of training ...
computer science
12,021
Recurrent Latent Variable Networks for Session-Based Recommendation
cs.IR
In this work, we attempt to ameliorate the impact of data sparsity in the context of session-based recommendation. Specifically, we seek to devise a machine learning mechanism capable of extracting subtle and complex underlying temporal dynamics in the observed session data, so as to inform the recommendation algorithm...
computer science
12,022
Provable Alternating Gradient Descent for Non-negative Matrix Factorization with Strong Correlations
cs.LG
Non-negative matrix factorization is a basic tool for decomposing data into the feature and weight matrices under non-negativity constraints, and in practice is often solved in the alternating minimization framework. However, it is unclear whether such algorithms can recover the ground-truth feature matrix when the wei...
computer science
12,023
Leveraging Node Attributes for Incomplete Relational Data
stat.ML
Relational data are usually highly incomplete in practice, which inspires us to leverage side information to improve the performance of community detection and link prediction. This paper presents a Bayesian probabilistic approach that incorporates various kinds of node attributes encoded in binary form in relational m...
computer science
12,024
Accelerated Reinforcement Learning Algorithms with Nonparametric Function Approximation for Opportunistic Spectrum Access
cs.IT
We study the problem of throughput maximization by predicting spectrum opportunities using reinforcement learning. Our kernel-based reinforcement learning approach is coupled with a sparsification technique that efficiently captures the environment states to control dimensionality and finds the best possible channel ac...
computer science
12,025
Information Potential Auto-Encoders
cs.LG
In this paper, we suggest a framework to make use of mutual information as a regularization criterion to train Auto-Encoders (AEs). In the proposed framework, AEs are regularized by minimization of the mutual information between input and encoding variables of AEs during the training phase. In order to estimate the ent...
computer science
12,026
Differentially Private Learning of Undirected Graphical Models using Collective Graphical Models
cs.LG
We investigate the problem of learning discrete, undirected graphical models in a differentially private way. We show that the approach of releasing noisy sufficient statistics using the Laplace mechanism achieves a good trade-off between privacy, utility, and practicality. A naive learning algorithm that uses the nois...
computer science
12,027
Generalization for Adaptively-chosen Estimators via Stable Median
cs.LG
Datasets are often reused to perform multiple statistical analyses in an adaptive way, in which each analysis may depend on the outcomes of previous analyses on the same dataset. Standard statistical guarantees do not account for these dependencies and little is known about how to provably avoid overfitting and false d...
computer science
12,028
A framework for Multi-A(rmed)/B(andit) testing with online FDR control
stat.ML
We propose an alternative framework to existing setups for controlling false alarms when multiple A/B tests are run over time. This setup arises in many practical applications, e.g. when pharmaceutical companies test new treatment options against control pills for different diseases, or when internet companies test the...
computer science
12,029
Control Variates for Stochastic Gradient MCMC
stat.CO
It is well known that Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods scale poorly with dataset size. A popular class of methods for solving this issue is stochastic gradient MCMC. These methods use a noisy estimate of the gradient of the log posterior, which reduces the per iteration computational cost of the algorithm. Despi...
computer science
12,030
Addressing Item-Cold Start Problem in Recommendation Systems using Model Based Approach and Deep Learning
cs.IR
Traditional recommendation systems rely on past usage data in order to generate new recommendations. Those approaches fail to generate sensible recommendations for new users and items into the system due to missing information about their past interactions. In this paper, we propose a solution for successfully addressi...
computer science
12,031
On Quadratic Convergence of DC Proximal Newton Algorithm for Nonconvex Sparse Learning in High Dimensions
stat.ML
We propose a DC proximal Newton algorithm for solving nonconvex regularized sparse learning problems in high dimensions. Our proposed algorithm integrates the proximal Newton algorithm with multi-stage convex relaxation based on the difference of convex (DC) programming, and enjoys both strong computational and statist...
computer science
12,032
Frank-Wolfe Optimization for Symmetric-NMF under Simplicial Constraint
cs.LG
We propose a Frank-Wolfe (FW) solver to optimize the symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization problem under a simplicial constraint. Compared with existing solutions, this algorithm is extremely simple to implement, and has almost no hyperparameters to be tuned. Building on the recent advances of FW algorithms in non...
computer science
12,033
Inference in Deep Networks in High Dimensions
cs.LG
Deep generative networks provide a powerful tool for modeling complex data in a wide range of applications. In inverse problems that use these networks as generative priors on data, one must often perform inference of the inputs of the networks from the outputs. Inference is also required for sampling during stochastic...
computer science
12,034
A Unified Approach to Adaptive Regularization in Online and Stochastic Optimization
cs.LG
We describe a framework for deriving and analyzing online optimization algorithms that incorporate adaptive, data-dependent regularization, also termed preconditioning. Such algorithms have been proven useful in stochastic optimization by reshaping the gradients according to the geometry of the data. Our framework capt...
computer science
12,035
Most Ligand-Based Benchmarks Measure Overfitting Rather than Accuracy
cs.LG
Undetected overfitting can occur when there are significant redundancies between training and validation data. We describe AVE, a new measure of training-validation redundancy for ligand-based classification problems that accounts for the similarity amongst inactive molecules as well as active. We investigated nine wid...
computer science
12,036
Arrays of (locality-sensitive) Count Estimators (ACE): High-Speed Anomaly Detection via Cache Lookups
cs.DB
Anomaly detection is one of the frequent and important subroutines deployed in large-scale data processing systems. Even being a well-studied topic, existing techniques for unsupervised anomaly detection require storing significant amounts of data, which is prohibitive from memory and latency perspective. In the big-da...
computer science
12,037
The Theory is Predictive, but is it Complete? An Application to Human Perception of Randomness
cs.LG
When we test a theory using data, it is common to focus on correctness: do the predictions of the theory match what we see in the data? But we also care about completeness: how much of the predictable variation in the data is captured by the theory? This question is difficult to answer, because in general we do not kno...
computer science
12,038
Improved Optimization of Finite Sums with Minibatch Stochastic Variance Reduced Proximal Iterations
math.OC
We present novel minibatch stochastic optimization methods for empirical risk minimization problems, the methods efficiently leverage variance reduced first-order and sub-sampled higher-order information to accelerate the convergence speed. For quadratic objectives, we prove improved iteration complexity over state-of-...
computer science
12,039
Constrained Bayesian Optimization with Noisy Experiments
stat.ML
Randomized experiments are the gold standard for evaluating the effects of changes to real-world systems, including Internet services. Data in these tests may be difficult to collect and outcomes may have high variance, resulting in potentially large measurement error. Bayesian optimization is a promising technique for...
computer science
12,040
Compressive Statistical Learning with Random Feature Moments
stat.ML
We describe a general framework --compressive statistical learning-- for resource-efficient large-scale learning: the training collection is compressed in one pass into a low-dimensional sketch (a vector of random empirical generalized moments) that captures the information relevant to the considered learning task. A n...
computer science
12,041
On Sampling Strategies for Neural Network-based Collaborative Filtering
cs.LG
Recent advances in neural networks have inspired people to design hybrid recommendation algorithms that can incorporate both (1) user-item interaction information and (2) content information including image, audio, and text. Despite their promising results, neural network-based recommendation algorithms pose extensive ...
computer science
12,042
Reservoir Computing on the Hypersphere
cs.LG
Reservoir Computing (RC) refers to a Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) framework, frequently used for sequence learning and time series prediction. The RC system consists of a random fixed-weight RNN (the input-hidden reservoir layer) and a classifier (the hidden-output readout layer). Here we focus on the sequence lear...
computer science
12,043
GPU-acceleration for Large-scale Tree Boosting
stat.ML
In this paper, we present a novel massively parallel algorithm for accelerating the decision tree building procedure on GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), which is a crucial step in Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) and random forests training. Previous GPU based tree building algorithms are based on parallel multi-...
computer science
12,044
Efficiency of quantum versus classical annealing in non-convex learning problems
cs.LG
Quantum annealers aim at solving non-convex optimization problems by exploiting cooperative tunneling effects to escape local minima. The underlying idea consists in designing a classical energy function whose ground states are the sought optimal solutions of the original optimization problem and add a controllable qua...
computer science
12,045
On conditional parity as a notion of non-discrimination in machine learning
stat.ML
We identify conditional parity as a general notion of non-discrimination in machine learning. In fact, several recently proposed notions of non-discrimination, including a few counterfactual notions, are instances of conditional parity. We show that conditional parity is amenable to statistical analysis by studying ran...
computer science
12,046
Fast and robust tensor decomposition with applications to dictionary learning
cs.LG
We develop fast spectral algorithms for tensor decomposition that match the robustness guarantees of the best known polynomial-time algorithms for this problem based on the sum-of-squares (SOS) semidefinite programming hierarchy. Our algorithms can decompose a 4-tensor with $n$-dimensional orthonormal components in t...
computer science
12,047
Unsupervised Feature Selection Based on Space Filling Concept
stat.ML
The paper deals with the adaptation of a new measure for the unsupervised feature selection problems. The proposed measure is based on space filling concept and is called the coverage measure. This measure was used for judging the quality of an experimental space filling design. In the present work, the coverage measur...
computer science
12,048
Energy-Based Sequence GANs for Recommendation and Their Connection to Imitation Learning
cs.IR
Recommender systems aim to find an accurate and efficient mapping from historic data of user-preferred items to a new item that is to be liked by a user. Towards this goal, energy-based sequence generative adversarial nets (EB-SeqGANs) are adopted for recommendation by learning a generative model for the time series of...
computer science
12,049
Image classification using local tensor singular value decompositions
stat.ML
From linear classifiers to neural networks, image classification has been a widely explored topic in mathematics, and many algorithms have proven to be effective classifiers. However, the most accurate classifiers typically have significantly high storage costs, or require complicated procedures that may be computation...
computer science
12,050
Interpretability via Model Extraction
cs.LG
The ability to interpret machine learning models has become increasingly important now that machine learning is used to inform consequential decisions. We propose an approach called model extraction for interpreting complex, blackbox models. Our approach approximates the complex model using a much more interpretable mo...
computer science
12,051
Generalising Random Forest Parameter Optimisation to Include Stability and Cost
stat.ML
Random forests are among the most popular classification and regression methods used in industrial applications. To be effective, the parameters of random forests must be carefully tuned. This is usually done by choosing values that minimize the prediction error on a held out dataset. We argue that error reduction is o...
computer science
12,052
Prepaid or Postpaid? That is the question. Novel Methods of Subscription Type Prediction in Mobile Phone Services
cs.SI
In this paper we investigate the behavioural differences between mobile phone customers with prepaid and postpaid subscriptions. Our study reveals that (a) postpaid customers are more active in terms of service usage and (b) there are strong structural correlations in the mobile phone call network as connections betwee...
computer science
12,053
Dimensionality reduction with missing values imputation
cs.LG
In this study, we propose a new statical approach for high-dimensionality reduction of heterogenous data that limits the curse of dimensionality and deals with missing values. To handle these latter, we propose to use the Random Forest imputation's method. The main purpose here is to extract useful information and so r...
computer science
12,054
Fair Pipelines
cs.CY
This work facilitates ensuring fairness of machine learning in the real world by decoupling fairness considerations in compound decisions. In particular, this work studies how fairness propagates through a compound decision-making processes, which we call a pipeline. Prior work in algorithmic fairness only focuses on f...
computer science
12,055
Parle: parallelizing stochastic gradient descent
cs.LG
We propose a new algorithm called Parle for parallel training of deep networks that converges 2-4x faster than a data-parallel implementation of SGD, while achieving significantly improved error rates that are nearly state-of-the-art on several benchmarks including CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100, without introducing any additi...
computer science
12,056
Robust Cost-Sensitive Learning for Recommendation with Implicit Feedback
cs.LG
Recommendation is the task of improving customer experience through personalized recommendation based on users' past feedback. In this paper, we investigate the most common scenario: the user-item (U-I) matrix of implicit feedback. Even though many recommendation approaches are designed based on implicit feedback, they...
computer science
12,057
Discriminatory Transfer
cs.CY
We observe standard transfer learning can improve prediction accuracies of target tasks at the cost of lowering their prediction fairness -- a phenomenon we named discriminatory transfer. We examine prediction fairness of a standard hypothesis transfer algorithm and a standard multi-task learning algorithm, and show th...
computer science
12,058
Robust Optimization for Non-Convex Objectives
cs.LG
We consider robust optimization problems, where the goal is to optimize in the worst case over a class of objective functions. We develop a reduction from robust improper optimization to Bayesian optimization: given an oracle that returns $\alpha$-approximate solutions for distributions over objectives, we compute a di...
computer science
12,059
A Data Science Approach to Understanding Residential Water Contamination in Flint
cs.LG
When the residents of Flint learned that lead had contaminated their water system, the local government made water-testing kits available to them free of charge. The city government published the results of these tests, creating a valuable dataset that is key to understanding the causes and extent of the lead contamina...
computer science
12,060
End-to-End Learning of Semantic Grasping
cs.RO
We consider the task of semantic robotic grasping, in which a robot picks up an object of a user-specified class using only monocular images. Inspired by the two-stream hypothesis of visual reasoning, we present a semantic grasping framework that learns object detection, classification, and grasp planning in an end-to-...
computer science
12,061
Simple Classification using Binary Data
cs.LG
Binary, or one-bit, representations of data arise naturally in many applications, and are appealing in both hardware implementations and algorithm design. In this work, we study the problem of data classification from binary data and propose a framework with low computation and resource costs. We illustrate the utility...
computer science
12,062
Global optimality conditions for deep neural networks
cs.LG
We study the error landscape of deep linear and nonlinear neural networks with the squared error loss. Minimizing the loss of a deep linear neural network is a nonconvex problem, and despite recent progress, our understanding of this loss surface is still incomplete. For deep linear networks, we present necessary and s...
computer science
12,063
Composition Properties of Inferential Privacy for Time-Series Data
cs.LG
With the proliferation of mobile devices and the internet of things, developing principled solutions for privacy in time series applications has become increasingly important. While differential privacy is the gold standard for database privacy, many time series applications require a different kind of guarantee, and a...
computer science
12,064
Semi-Supervised Haptic Material Recognition for Robots using Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.RO
Material recognition enables robots to incorporate knowledge of material properties into their interactions with everyday objects. For example, material recognition opens up opportunities for clearer communication with a robot, such as "bring me the metal coffee mug", and recognizing plastic versus metal is crucial whe...
computer science
12,065
Dynamic Stochastic Approximation for Multi-stage Stochastic Optimization
math.OC
In this paper, we consider multi-stage stochastic optimization problems with convex objectives and conic constraints at each stage. We present a new stochastic first-order method, namely the dynamic stochastic approximation (DSA) algorithm, for solving these types of stochastic optimization problems. We show that DSA c...
computer science
12,066
Deep Learning for Real Time Crime Forecasting
math.NA
Accurate real time crime prediction is a fundamental issue for public safety, but remains a challenging problem for the scientific community. Crime occurrences depend on many complex factors. Compared to many predictable events, crime is sparse. At different spatio-temporal scales, crime distributions display dramatica...
computer science
12,067
Underdamped Langevin MCMC: A non-asymptotic analysis
stat.ML
We study the underdamped Langevin diffusion when the log of the target distribution is smooth and strongly concave. We present a MCMC algorithm based on its discretization and show that it achieves $\varepsilon$ error (in 2-Wasserstein distance) in $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{d}/\varepsilon)$ steps. This is a significant improv...
computer science
12,068
Deep Gaussian Embedding of Graphs: Unsupervised Inductive Learning via Ranking
stat.ML
Methods that learn representations of nodes in a graph play a critical role in network analysis since they enable many downstream learning tasks. We propose Graph2Gauss - an approach that can efficiently learn versatile node embeddings on large scale (attributed) graphs that show strong performance on tasks such as lin...
computer science
12,069
Process Monitoring on Sequences of System Call Count Vectors
cs.CR
We introduce a methodology for efficient monitoring of processes running on hosts in a corporate network. The methodology is based on collecting streams of system calls produced by all or selected processes on the hosts, and sending them over the network to a monitoring server, where machine learning algorithms are use...
computer science
12,070
Influence of Resampling on Accuracy of Imbalanced Classification
stat.ML
In many real-world binary classification tasks (e.g. detection of certain objects from images), an available dataset is imbalanced, i.e., it has much less representatives of a one class (a minor class), than of another. Generally, accurate prediction of the minor class is crucial but it's hard to achieve since there is...
computer science
12,071
Model Selection for Anomaly Detection
stat.ML
Anomaly detection based on one-class classification algorithms is broadly used in many applied domains like image processing (e.g. detection of whether a patient is "cancerous" or "healthy" from mammography image), network intrusion detection, etc. Performance of an anomaly detection algorithm crucially depends on a ke...
computer science
12,072
Predicting multicellular function through multi-layer tissue networks
cs.LG
Motivation: Understanding functions of proteins in specific human tissues is essential for insights into disease diagnostics and therapeutics, yet prediction of tissue-specific cellular function remains a critical challenge for biomedicine. Results: Here we present OhmNet, a hierarchy-aware unsupervised node feature ...
computer science
12,073
An Ensemble Boosting Model for Predicting Transfer to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
cs.LG
Our work focuses on the problem of predicting the transfer of pediatric patients from the general ward of a hospital to the pediatric intensive care unit. Using data collected over 5.5 years from the electronic health records of two medical facilities, we develop classifiers based on adaptive boosting and gradient tree...
computer science
12,074
Graph learning under sparsity priors
cs.LG
Graph signals offer a very generic and natural representation for data that lives on networks or irregular structures. The actual data structure is however often unknown a priori but can sometimes be estimated from the knowledge of the application domain. If this is not possible, the data structure has to be inferred f...
computer science
12,075
Improving Gibbs Sampler Scan Quality with DoGS
stat.ML
The pairwise influence matrix of Dobrushin has long been used as an analytical tool to bound the rate of convergence of Gibbs sampling. In this work, we use Dobrushin influence as the basis of a practical tool to certify and efficiently improve the quality of a discrete Gibbs sampler. Our Dobrushin-optimized Gibbs samp...
computer science
12,076
Generalization Bounds of SGLD for Non-convex Learning: Two Theoretical Viewpoints
cs.LG
Algorithm-dependent generalization error bounds are central to statistical learning theory. A learning algorithm may use a large hypothesis space, but the limited number of iterations controls its model capacity and generalization error. The impacts of stochastic gradient methods on generalization error for non-convex ...
computer science
12,077
Analysis of $p$-Laplacian Regularization in Semi-Supervised Learning
math.ST
We investigate a family of regression problems in a semi-supervised setting. The task is to assign real-valued labels to a set of $n$ sample points, provided a small training subset of $N$ labeled points. A goal of semi-supervised learning is to take advantage of the (geometric) structure provided by the large number o...
computer science
12,078
Breaking the Nonsmooth Barrier: A Scalable Parallel Method for Composite Optimization
math.OC
Due to their simplicity and excellent performance, parallel asynchronous variants of stochastic gradient descent have become popular methods to solve a wide range of large-scale optimization problems on multi-core architectures. Yet, despite their practical success, support for nonsmooth objectives is still lacking, ma...
computer science
12,079
Global Convergence of Langevin Dynamics Based Algorithms for Nonconvex Optimization
stat.ML
We present a unified framework to analyze the global convergence of Langevin dynamics based algorithms for nonconvex finite-sum optimization with $n$ component functions. At the core of our analysis is a direct analysis of the ergodicity of the numerical approximations to Langevin dynamics, which leads to faster conver...
computer science
12,080
Engineering fast multilevel support vector machines
cs.LG
The computational complexity of solving nonlinear support vector machine (SVM) is prohibitive on large-scale data. In particular, this issue becomes very sensitive when the data represents additional difficulties such as highly imbalanced class sizes. Typically, nonlinear kernels produce significantly higher classifica...
computer science
12,081
Prediction of amino acid side chain conformation using a deep neural network
cs.LG
A deep neural network based architecture was constructed to predict amino acid side chain conformation with unprecedented accuracy. Amino acid side chain conformation prediction is essential for protein homology modeling and protein design. Current widely-adopted methods use physics-based energy functions to evaluate s...
computer science
12,082
TensorLayer: A Versatile Library for Efficient Deep Learning Development
cs.LG
Deep learning has enabled major advances in the fields of computer vision, natural language processing, and multimedia among many others. Developing a deep learning system is arduous and complex, as it involves constructing neural network architectures, managing training/trained models, tuning optimization process, pre...
computer science
12,083
A Robust Multi-Batch L-BFGS Method for Machine Learning
math.OC
This paper describes an implementation of the L-BFGS method designed to deal with two adversarial situations. The first occurs in distributed computing environments where some of the computational nodes devoted to the evaluation of the function and gradient are unable to return results on time. A similar challenge occu...
computer science
12,084
Quantum machine learning: a classical perspective
cs.LG
Recently, increased computational power and data availability, as well as algorithmic advances, have led machine learning techniques to impressive results in regression, classification, data-generation and reinforcement learning tasks. Despite these successes, the proximity to the physical limits of chip fabrication al...
computer science
12,085
MLBench: How Good Are Machine Learning Clouds for Binary Classification Tasks on Structured Data?
cs.DC
We conduct an empirical study of machine learning functionalities provided by major cloud service providers, which we call machine learning clouds. Machine learning clouds hold the promise of hiding all the sophistication of running large-scale machine learning: Instead of specifying how to run a machine learning task,...
computer science
12,086
Efficient Regret Minimization in Non-Convex Games
cs.LG
We consider regret minimization in repeated games with non-convex loss functions. Minimizing the standard notion of regret is computationally intractable. Thus, we define a natural notion of regret which permits efficient optimization and generalizes offline guarantees for convergence to an approximate local optimum. W...
computer science
12,087
Machine learning for neural decoding
cs.LG
While machine learning tools have been rapidly advancing, the majority of neural decoding approaches still use last century's methods. Improving the performance of neural decoding algorithms allows us to better understand what information is contained in the brain, and can help advance engineering applications such as ...
computer science
12,088
On the convergence properties of a $K$-step averaging stochastic gradient descent algorithm for nonconvex optimization
cs.LG
Despite their popularity, the practical performance of asynchronous stochastic gradient descent methods (ASGD) for solving large scale machine learning problems are not as good as theoretical results indicate. We adopt and analyze a synchronous K-step averaging stochastic gradient descent algorithm which we call K-AVG....
computer science
12,089
Variance-Reduced Stochastic Learning under Random Reshuffling
cs.LG
Several useful variance-reduced stochastic gradient algorithms, such as SVRG, SAGA, Finito, and SAG, have been proposed to minimize empirical risks with linear convergence properties to the exact minimizer. The existing convergence results assume uniform data sampling with replacement. However, it has been observed in ...
computer science
12,090
Variance-Reduced Stochastic Learning by Networked Agents under Random Reshuffling
cs.LG
A new amortized variance-reduced gradient (AVRG) algorithm was developed in [1], which has constant storage requirement in comparison to SAGA and balanced gradient computations in comparison to SVRG. One key advantage of the AVRG strategy is its amenability to decentralized implementations. In this work, we show how AV...
computer science
12,091
A Bootstrap Method for Error Estimation in Randomized Matrix Multiplication
stat.ML
In recent years, randomized methods for numerical linear algebra have received growing interest as a general approach to large-scale problems. Typically, the essential ingredient of these methods is some form of randomized dimension reduction, which accelerates computations, but also creates random approximation error....
computer science
12,092
Linear Convergence of a Frank-Wolfe Type Algorithm over Trace-Norm Balls
cs.LG
We propose a rank-$k$ variant of the classical Frank-Wolfe algorithm to solve convex optimization over a trace-norm ball. Our algorithm replaces the top singular-vector computation ($1$-SVD) in Frank-Wolfe with a top-$k$ singular-vector computation ($k$-SVD), which can be done by repeatedly applying $1$-SVD $k$ times. ...
computer science
12,093
Learning non-parametric Markov networks with mutual information
cs.LG
We propose a method for learning Markov network structures for continuous data without invoking any assumptions about the distribution of the variables. The method makes use of previous work on a non-parametric estimator for mutual information which is used to create a non-parametric test for multivariate conditional i...
computer science
12,094
Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Non-stationary Time Series for Automatic DBMS Diagnosis
stat.ML
Anomaly detection in database management systems (DBMSs) is difficult because of increasing number of statistics (stat) and event metrics in big data system. In this paper, I propose an automatic DBMS diagnosis system that detects anomaly periods with abnormal DB stat metrics and finds causal events in the periods. Rec...
computer science
12,095
Simulated Annealing with Levy Distribution for Fast Matrix Factorization-Based Collaborative Filtering
cs.LG
Matrix factorization is one of the best approaches for collaborative filtering, because of its high accuracy in presenting users and items latent factors. The main disadvantages of matrix factorization are its complexity, and being very hard to be parallelized, specially with very large matrices. In this paper, we intr...
computer science
12,096
Using Deep Neural Networks to Automate Large Scale Statistical Analysis for Big Data Applications
stat.ML
Statistical analysis (SA) is a complex process to deduce population properties from analysis of data. It usually takes a well-trained analyst to successfully perform SA, and it becomes extremely challenging to apply SA to big data applications. We propose to use deep neural networks to automate the SA process. In parti...
computer science
12,097
Jumping across biomedical contexts using compressive data fusion
cs.LG
Motivation: The rapid growth of diverse biological data allows us to consider interactions between a variety of objects, such as genes, chemicals, molecular signatures, diseases, pathways and environmental exposures. Often, any pair of objects--such as a gene and a disease--can be related in different ways, for example...
computer science
12,098
Sparse Coding and Autoencoders
cs.LG
In "Dictionary Learning" one tries to recover incoherent matrices $A^* \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times h}$ (typically overcomplete and whose columns are assumed to be normalized) and sparse vectors $x^* \in \mathbb{R}^h$ with a small support of size $h^p$ for some $0 <p < 1$ while having access to observations $y \in \mathbb{...
computer science
12,099
Direct-Manipulation Visualization of Deep Networks
cs.LG
The recent successes of deep learning have led to a wave of interest from non-experts. Gaining an understanding of this technology, however, is difficult. While the theory is important, it is also helpful for novices to develop an intuitive feel for the effect of different hyperparameters and structural variations. We ...
computer science
12,100
ZOO: Zeroth Order Optimization based Black-box Attacks to Deep Neural Networks without Training Substitute Models
stat.ML
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are one of the most prominent technologies of our time, as they achieve state-of-the-art performance in many machine learning tasks, including but not limited to image classification, text mining, and speech processing. However, recent research on DNNs has indicated ever-increasing concern o...
computer science