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12,501
WHInter: A Working set algorithm for High-dimensional sparse second order Interaction models
cs.LG
Learning sparse linear models with two-way interactions is desirable in many application domains such as genomics. l1-regularised linear models are popular to estimate sparse models, yet standard implementations fail to address specifically the quadratic explosion of candidate two-way interactions in high dimensions, a...
computer science
12,502
Mining Sub-Interval Relationships In Time Series Data
stat.ML
Time-series data is being increasingly collected and stud- ied in several areas such as neuroscience, climate science, transportation, and social media. Discovery of complex patterns of relationships between individual time-series, using data-driven approaches can improve our understanding of real-world systems. While ...
computer science
12,503
Information-theoretic Limits for Community Detection in Network Models
cs.LG
We analyze the information-theoretic limits for the recovery of node labels in several network models, including the stochastic block model, as well as the latent space model. For the stochastic block model, the non-recoverability condition depends on the probabilities of having edges inside a community, and between di...
computer science
12,504
Interaction Matters: A Note on Non-asymptotic Local Convergence of Generative Adversarial Networks
stat.ML
Motivated by the pursuit of a systematic computational and algorithmic understanding of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), we present a simple yet unified non-asymptotic local convergence theory for smooth two-player games, which subsumes several discrete-time gradient-based saddle point dynamics. The analysis rev...
computer science
12,505
A Likelihood-Free Inference Framework for Population Genetic Data using Exchangeable Neural Networks
cs.LG
Inference for population genetics models is hindered by computationally intractable likelihoods. While this issue is tackled by likelihood-free methods, these approaches typically rely on hand-crafted summary statistics of the data. In complex settings, designing and selecting suitable summary statistics is problematic...
computer science
12,506
Learning to Race through Coordinate Descent Bayesian Optimisation
cs.RO
In the automation of many kinds of processes, the observable outcome can often be described as the combined effect of an entire sequence of actions, or controls, applied throughout its execution. In these cases, strategies to optimise control policies for individual stages of the process might not be applicable, and in...
computer science
12,507
CREPE: A Convolutional Representation for Pitch Estimation
eess.AS
The task of estimating the fundamental frequency of a monophonic sound recording, also known as pitch tracking, is fundamental to audio processing with multiple applications in speech processing and music information retrieval. To date, the best performing techniques, such as the pYIN algorithm, are based on a combinat...
computer science
12,508
Nonconvex Matrix Factorization from Rank-One Measurements
cs.IT
We consider the problem of recovering low-rank matrices from random rank-one measurements, which spans numerous applications including covariance sketching, phase retrieval, quantum state tomography, and learning shallow polynomial neural networks, among others. Our approach is to directly estimate the low-rank factor ...
computer science
12,509
Unsupervised vehicle recognition using incremental reseeding of acoustic signatures
stat.ML
Vehicle recognition and classification have broad applications, ranging from traffic flow management to military target identification. We demonstrate an unsupervised method for automated identification of moving vehicles from roadside audio sensors. Using a short-time Fourier transform to decompose audio signals, we t...
computer science
12,510
Nonparametric Estimation of Low Rank Matrix Valued Function
stat.ML
Let $A:[0,1]\rightarrow\mathbb{H}_m$ (the space of Hermitian matrices) be a matrix valued function which is low rank with entries in H\"{o}lder class $\Sigma(\beta,L)$. The goal of this paper is to study statistical estimation of $A$ based on the regression model $\mathbb{E}(Y_j|\tau_j,X_j) = \langle A(\tau_j), X_j \ra...
computer science
12,511
Black-Box Reductions for Parameter-free Online Learning in Banach Spaces
cs.LG
We introduce several new black-box reductions that significantly improve the design of adaptive and parameter-free online learning algorithms by simplifying analysis, improving regret guarantees, and sometimes even improving runtime. We reduce parameter-free online learning to online exp-concave optimization, we reduce...
computer science
12,512
Optimizing Spectral Sums using Randomized Chebyshev Expansions
cs.LG
The trace of matrix functions, often called spectral sums, e.g., rank, log-determinant and nuclear norm, appear in many machine learning tasks. However, optimizing or computing such (parameterized) spectral sums typically involves the matrix decomposition at the cost cubic in the matrix dimension, which is expensive fo...
computer science
12,513
Node Centralities and Classification Performance for Characterizing Node Embedding Algorithms
cs.LG
Embedding graph nodes into a vector space can allow the use of machine learning to e.g. predict node classes, but the study of node embedding algorithms is immature compared to the natural language processing field because of a diverse nature of graphs. We examine the performance of node embedding algorithms with respe...
computer science
12,514
Neural Networks with Finite Intrinsic Dimension have no Spurious Valleys
math.OC
Neural networks provide a rich class of high-dimensional, non-convex optimization problems. Despite their non-convexity, gradient-descent methods often successfully optimize these models. This has motivated a recent spur in research attempting to characterize properties of their loss surface that may be responsible for...
computer science
12,515
HybridSVD: When Collaborative Information is Not Enough
cs.LG
We propose a hybrid algorithm for top-$n$ recommendation task that allows to incorporate both user and item side information within the standard collaborative filtering approach. The algorithm extends PureSVD -- one of the state-of-the-art latent factor models -- by exploiting a generalized formulation of the singular ...
computer science
12,516
Local Optimality and Generalization Guarantees for the Langevin Algorithm via Empirical Metastability
cs.LG
We study the detailed path-wise behavior of the discrete-time Langevin algorithm for non-convex Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) through the lens of metastability, adopting some techniques from Berglund and Gentz. For a particular local optimum of the empirical risk, with an arbitrary initialization, we show that, w...
computer science
12,517
Recommendations with Negative Feedback via Pairwise Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.IR
Recommender systems play a crucial role in mitigating the problem of information overload by suggesting users' personalized items or services. The vast majority of traditional recommender systems consider the recommendation procedure as a static process and make recommendations following a fixed strategy. In this paper...
computer science
12,518
Differentially Private Generative Adversarial Network
cs.LG
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and its variants have recently attracted intensive research interests due to their elegant theoretical foundation and excellent empirical performance as generative models. These tools provide a promising direction in the studies where data availability is limited. One common issue i...
computer science
12,519
Generalization Error Bounds with Probabilistic Guarantee for SGD in Nonconvex Optimization
stat.ML
The success of deep learning has led to a rising interest in the generalization property of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method, and stability is one popular approach to study it. Existing works based on stability have studied nonconvex loss functions, but only considered the generalization error of the SGD in...
computer science
12,520
Comparison Based Learning from Weak Oracles
cs.LG
There is increasing interest in learning algorithms that involve interaction between human and machine. Comparison-based queries are among the most natural ways to get feedback from humans. A challenge in designing comparison-based interactive learning algorithms is coping with noisy answers. The most common fix is to ...
computer science
12,521
Actively Avoiding Nonsense in Generative Models
cs.LG
A generative model may generate utter nonsense when it is fit to maximize the likelihood of observed data. This happens due to "model error," i.e., when the true data generating distribution does not fit within the class of generative models being learned. To address this, we propose a model of active distribution lear...
computer science
12,522
Steering Social Activity: A Stochastic Optimal Control Point Of View
cs.SI
User engagement in online social networking depends critically on the level of social activity in the corresponding platform--the number of online actions, such as posts, shares or replies, taken by their users. Can we design data-driven algorithms to increase social activity? At a user level, such algorithms may incre...
computer science
12,523
On the Connection Between Learning Two-Layers Neural Networks and Tensor Decomposition
cs.LG
We establish connections between the problem of learning a two-layers neural network with good generalization error and tensor decomposition. We consider a model with input $\boldsymbol x \in \mathbb R^d$, $r$ hidden units with weights $\{\boldsymbol w_i\}_{1\le i \le r}$ and output $y\in \mathbb R$, i.e., $y=\sum_{i=1...
computer science
12,524
Sample Complexity of Stochastic Variance-Reduced Cubic Regularization for Nonconvex Optimization
math.OC
The popular cubic regularization (CR) method converges with first- and second-order optimality guarantee for nonconvex optimization, but encounters a high sample complexity issue for solving large-scale problems. Various sub-sampling variants of CR have been proposed to improve the sample complexity.In this paper, we p...
computer science
12,525
3LC: Lightweight and Effective Traffic Compression for Distributed Machine Learning
cs.LG
The performance and efficiency of distributed machine learning (ML) depends significantly on how long it takes for nodes to exchange state changes. Overly-aggressive attempts to reduce communication often sacrifice final model accuracy and necessitate additional ML techniques to compensate for this loss, limiting their...
computer science
12,526
Direct Learning to Rank and Rerank
stat.ML
Learning-to-rank techniques have proven to be extremely useful for prioritization problems, where we rank items in order of their estimated probabilities, and dedicate our limited resources to the top-ranked items. This work exposes a serious problem with the state of learning-to-rank algorithms, which is that they are...
computer science
12,527
Spectrally approximating large graphs with smaller graphs
cs.LG
How does coarsening affect the spectrum of a general graph? We provide conditions such that the principal eigenvalues and eigenspaces of a coarsened and original graph Laplacian matrices are close. The achieved approximation is shown to depend on standard graph-theoretic properties, such as the degree and eigenvalue di...
computer science
12,528
Adversarial classification: An adversarial risk analysis approach
stat.ML
Classification problems in security settings are usually contemplated as confrontations in which one or more adversaries try to fool a classifier to obtain a benefit. Most approaches to such adversarial classification problems have focused on game theoretical ideas with strong underlying common knowledge assumptions, w...
computer science
12,529
Continual Lifelong Learning with Neural Networks: A Review
cs.LG
Humans and animals have the ability to continually acquire and fine-tune knowledge throughout their lifespan. This ability is mediated by a rich set of neurocognitive functions that together contribute to the early development and experience-driven specialization of our sensorimotor skills. Consequently, the ability to...
computer science
12,530
Universal Hypothesis Testing with Kernels: Asymptotically Optimal Tests for Goodness of Fit
stat.ML
We characterize the asymptotic performance of nonparametric goodness of fit testing, otherwise known as the universal hypothesis testing that dates back to Hoeffding (1965). The exponential decay rate of the type-II error probability is used as the asymptotic performance metric, hence an optimal test achieves the maxim...
computer science
12,531
Entropy Rate Estimation for Markov Chains with Large State Space
cs.LG
Estimating the entropy based on data is one of the prototypical problems in distribution property testing and estimation. For estimating the Shannon entropy of a distribution on $S$ elements with independent samples, [Paninski2004] showed that the sample complexity is sublinear in $S$, and [Valiant--Valiant2011] showed...
computer science
12,532
The Hidden Vulnerability of Distributed Learning in Byzantium
stat.ML
While machine learning is going through an era of celebrated success, concerns have been raised about the vulnerability of its backbone: stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recent approaches have been proposed to ensure the robustness of distributed SGD against adversarial (Byzantine) workers sending poisoned gradients ...
computer science
12,533
Asynchronous Byzantine Machine Learning
stat.ML
Asynchronous distributed machine learning solutions have proven very effective so far, but always assuming perfectly functioning workers. In practice, some of the workers can however exhibit Byzantine behavior, caused by hardware failures, software bugs, corrupt data, or even malicious attacks. We introduce \emph{Karda...
computer science
12,534
The State of the Art in Integrating Machine Learning into Visual Analytics
stat.ML
Visual analytics systems combine machine learning or other analytic techniques with interactive data visualization to promote sensemaking and analytical reasoning. It is through such techniques that people can make sense of large, complex data. While progress has been made, the tactful combination of machine learning a...
computer science
12,535
VBALD - Variational Bayesian Approximation of Log Determinants
cs.LG
Evaluating the log determinant of a positive definite matrix is ubiquitous in machine learning. Applications thereof range from Gaussian processes, minimum-volume ellipsoids, metric learning, kernel learning, Bayesian neural networks, Determinental Point Processes, Markov random fields to partition functions of discret...
computer science
12,536
Solving Approximate Wasserstein GANs to Stationarity
cs.LG
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are one of the most practical strategies to learn data distributions. A popular GAN formulation is based on the use of Wasserstein distance as a metric between probability distributions. Unfortunately, minimizing the Wasserstein distance between the data distribution and the gener...
computer science
12,537
Deep learning algorithm for data-driven simulation of noisy dynamical system
cs.LG
We present a deep learning model, DE-LSTM, for the simulation of a stochastic process with underlying nonlinear dynamics. The deep learning model aims to approximate the probability density function of a stochastic process via numerical discretization and the underlying nonlinear dynamics is modeled by the Long Short-T...
computer science
12,538
Learning Without Mixing: Towards A Sharp Analysis of Linear System Identification
cs.LG
We prove that the ordinary least-squares (OLS) estimator attains nearly minimax optimal performance for the identification of linear dynamical systems from a single observed trajectory. Our upper bound relies on a generalization of Mendelson's small-ball method to dependent data, eschewing the use of standard mixing-ti...
computer science
12,539
Exponentially Consistent Kernel Two-Sample Tests
stat.ML
Given two sets of independent samples from unknown distributions $P$ and $Q$, a two-sample test decides whether to reject the null hypothesis that $P=Q$. Recent attention has focused on kernel two-sample tests as the test statistics are easy to compute, converge fast, and have low bias with their finite sample estimate...
computer science
12,540
Optimized Algorithms to Sample Determinantal Point Processes
stat.CO
In this technical report, we discuss several sampling algorithms for Determinantal Point Processes (DPP). DPPs have recently gained a broad interest in the machine learning and statistics literature as random point processes with negative correlation, i.e., ones that can generate a "diverse" sample from a set of items....
computer science
12,541
Verifying Controllers Against Adversarial Examples with Bayesian Optimization
cs.SY
Recent successes in reinforcement learning have lead to the development of complex controllers for real-world robots. As these robots are deployed in safety-critical applications and interact with humans, it becomes critical to ensure safety in order to avoid causing harm. A first step in this direction is to test the ...
computer science
12,542
N-GCN: Multi-scale Graph Convolution for Semi-supervised Node Classification
cs.LG
Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have shown significant improvements in semi-supervised learning on graph-structured data. Concurrently, unsupervised learning of graph embeddings has benefited from the information contained in random walks. In this paper, we propose a model: Network of GCNs (N-GCN), which marries th...
computer science
12,543
Scalable Private Learning with PATE
stat.ML
The rapid adoption of machine learning has increased concerns about the privacy implications of machine learning models trained on sensitive data, such as medical records or other personal information. To address those concerns, one promising approach is Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles, or PATE, which transfer...
computer science
12,544
Averaging Stochastic Gradient Descent on Riemannian Manifolds
cs.LG
We consider the minimization of a function defined on a Riemannian manifold $\mathcal{M}$ accessible only through unbiased estimates of its gradients. We develop a geometric framework to transform a sequence of slowly converging iterates generated from stochastic gradient descent (SGD) on $\mathcal{M}$ to an averaged i...
computer science
12,545
AI4AI: Quantitative Methods for Classifying Host Species from Avian Influenza DNA Sequence
cs.LG
Avian Influenza breakouts cause millions of dollars in damage each year globally, especially in Asian countries such as China and South Korea. The impact magnitude of a breakout directly correlates to time required to fully understand the influenza virus, particularly the interspecies pathogenicity. The procedure requi...
computer science
12,546
Dimension-free Information Concentration via Exp-Concavity
cs.LG
Information concentration of probability measures have important implications in learning theory. Recently, it is discovered that the information content of a log-concave distribution concentrates around their differential entropy, albeit with an unpleasant dependence on the ambient dimension. In this work, we prove th...
computer science
12,547
Autoencoder based image compression: can the learning be quantization independent?
eess.IV
This paper explores the problem of learning transforms for image compression via autoencoders. Usually, the rate-distortion performances of image compression are tuned by varying the quantization step size. In the case of autoen-coders, this in principle would require learning one transform per rate-distortion point at...
computer science
12,548
Learning Anonymized Representations with Adversarial Neural Networks
stat.ML
Statistical methods protecting sensitive information or the identity of the data owner have become critical to ensure privacy of individuals as well as of organizations. This paper investigates anonymization methods based on representation learning and deep neural networks, and motivated by novel information theoretica...
computer science
12,549
Best Arm Identification for Contaminated Bandits
math.ST
We propose the Contaminated Best Arm Identification variant of the Multi-Armed Bandit problem, in which every arm pull has some probability $\varepsilon$ of generating a sample from an arbitrary \emph{contamination} distribution instead of the \emph{true} underlying distribution. We would still like to guarantee that w...
computer science
12,550
Human Perceptions of Fairness in Algorithmic Decision Making: A Case Study of Criminal Risk Prediction
stat.ML
As algorithms are increasingly used to make important decisions that affect human lives, ranging from social benefit assignment to predicting risk of criminal recidivism, concerns have been raised about the fairness of algorithmic decision making. Most prior works on algorithmic fairness normatively prescribe how fair ...
computer science
12,551
Shampoo: Preconditioned Stochastic Tensor Optimization
cs.LG
Preconditioned gradient methods are among the most general and powerful tools in optimization. However, preconditioning requires storing and manipulating prohibitively large matrices. We describe and analyze a new structure-aware preconditioning algorithm, called Shampoo, for stochastic optimization over tensor spaces....
computer science
12,552
Near-Linear Time Local Polynomial Nonparametric Estimation
stat.CO
Local polynomial regression (Fan & Gijbels, 1996) is an important class of methods for nonparametric density estimation and regression problems. However, straightforward implementation of local polynomial regression has quadratic time complexity which hinders its applicability in large-scale data analysis. In this pape...
computer science
12,553
Understanding and Enhancing the Transferability of Adversarial Examples
stat.ML
State-of-the-art deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples, formed by applying small but malicious perturbations to the original inputs. Moreover, the perturbations can \textit{transfer across models}: adversarial examples generated for a specific model will often mislead other unseen mode...
computer science
12,554
Bioinformatics and Medicine in the Era of Deep Learning
cs.LG
Many of the current scientific advances in the life sciences have their origin in the intensive use of data for knowledge discovery. In no area this is so clear as in bioinformatics, led by technological breakthroughs in data acquisition technologies. It has been argued that bioinformatics could quickly become the fiel...
computer science
12,555
Guaranteed Sufficient Decrease for Stochastic Variance Reduced Gradient Optimization
stat.ML
In this paper, we propose a novel sufficient decrease technique for stochastic variance reduced gradient descent methods such as SVRG and SAGA. In order to make sufficient decrease for stochastic optimization, we design a new sufficient decrease criterion, which yields sufficient decrease versions of stochastic varianc...
computer science
12,556
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Robotic Grasping: A Simulated Comparative Evaluation of Off-Policy Methods
cs.RO
In this paper, we explore deep reinforcement learning algorithms for vision-based robotic grasping. Model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a range of challenging environments, but the proliferation of algorithms makes it difficult to discern which particular approach would be best ...
computer science
12,557
Solving for high dimensional committor functions using artificial neural networks
cs.LG
In this note we propose a method based on artificial neural network to study the transition between states governed by stochastic processes. In particular, we aim for numerical schemes for the committor function, the central object of transition path theory, which satisfies a high-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation. By...
computer science
12,558
Stochastic Dynamic Programming Heuristics for Influence Maximization-Revenue Optimization
stat.ML
The well-known Influence Maximization (IM) problem has been actively studied by researchers over the past decade, with emphasis on marketing and social networks. Existing research have obtained solutions to the IM problem by obtaining the influence spread and utilizing the property of submodularity. This paper is based...
computer science
12,559
Maximum likelihood estimation of a finite mixture of logistic regression models in a continuous data stream
cs.LG
In marketing we are often confronted with a continuous stream of responses to marketing messages. Such streaming data provide invaluable information regarding message effectiveness and segmentation. However, streaming data are hard to analyze using conventional methods: their high volume and the fact that they are cont...
computer science
12,560
A Variational Inequality Perspective on Generative Adversarial Nets
cs.LG
Stability has been a recurrent issue in training generative adversarial networks (GANs). One common way to tackle this issue has been to propose new formulations of the GAN objective. Yet, surprisingly few studies have looked at optimization methods specifically designed for this adversarial training. In this work, we ...
computer science
12,561
Learning by Playing - Solving Sparse Reward Tasks from Scratch
cs.LG
We propose Scheduled Auxiliary Control (SAC-X), a new learning paradigm in the context of Reinforcement Learning (RL). SAC-X enables learning of complex behaviors - from scratch - in the presence of multiple sparse reward signals. To this end, the agent is equipped with a set of general auxiliary tasks, that it attempt...
computer science
12,562
Approximate Inference for Constructing Astronomical Catalogs from Images
stat.AP
We present a new, fully generative model for constructing astronomical catalogs from optical telescope image sets. Each pixel intensity is treated as a Poisson random variable with a rate parameter that depends on the latent properties of stars and galaxies. These latent properties are themselves random, with scientifi...
computer science
12,563
SQL-Rank: A Listwise Approach to Collaborative Ranking
stat.ML
In this paper, we propose a listwise approach for constructing user-specific rankings in recommendation systems in a collaborative fashion. We contrast the listwise approach to previous pointwise and pairwise approaches, which are based on treating either each rating or each pairwise comparison as an independent instan...
computer science
12,564
Deep Learning for Causal Inference
econ.EM
In this paper, we propose deep learning techniques for econometrics, specifically for causal inference and for estimating individual as well as average treatment effects. The contribution of this paper is twofold: 1. For generalized neighbor matching to estimate individual and average treatment effects, we analyze the ...
computer science
12,565
Smoothed analysis for low-rank solutions to semidefinite programs in quadratic penalty form
stat.ML
Semidefinite programs (SDP) are important in learning and combinatorial optimization with numerous applications. In pursuit of low-rank solutions and low complexity algorithms, we consider the Burer--Monteiro factorization approach for solving SDPs. We show that all approximate local optima are global optima for the pe...
computer science
12,566
Block Coordinate Descent for Deep Learning: Unified Convergence Guarantees
math.OC
Training deep neural networks (DNNs) efficiently is a challenge due to the associated highly nonconvex optimization. Recently, the efficiency of the block coordinate descent (BCD) type methods has been empirically illustrated for DNN training. The main idea of BCD is to decompose the highly composite and nonconvex DNN ...
computer science
12,567
Model-Based Clustering and Classification of Functional Data
stat.ML
The problem of complex data analysis is a central topic of modern statistical science and learning systems and is becoming of broader interest with the increasing prevalence of high-dimensional data. The challenge is to develop statistical models and autonomous algorithms that are able to acquire knowledge from raw dat...
computer science
12,568
Tractable and Scalable Schatten Quasi-Norm Approximations for Rank Minimization
cs.LG
The Schatten quasi-norm was introduced to bridge the gap between the trace norm and rank function. However, existing algorithms are too slow or even impractical for large-scale problems. Motivated by the equivalence relation between the trace norm and its bilinear spectral penalty, we define two tractable Schatten norm...
computer science
12,569
The Power Mean Laplacian for Multilayer Graph Clustering
stat.ML
Multilayer graphs encode different kind of interactions between the same set of entities. When one wants to cluster such a multilayer graph, the natural question arises how one should merge the information different layers. We introduce in this paper a one-parameter family of matrix power means for merging the Laplacia...
computer science
12,570
Online Feature Ranking for Intrusion Detection Systems
cs.CR
Many current approaches to the design of intrusion detec- tion systems apply feature selection in a static, non-adaptive fashion. These methods often neglect the dynamic nature of network data which requires to use adaptive feature selection techniques. In this paper, we present a simple technique based on incremental ...
computer science
12,571
Static and Dynamic Robust PCA via Low-Rank + Sparse Matrix Decomposition: A Review
cs.IT
Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is one of the most widely used dimension reduction techniques. Robust PCA (RPCA) refers to the problem of PCA when the data may be corrupted by outliers. Recent work by Candes, Wright, Li, and Ma defined RPCA as a problem of decomposing a given data matrix into the sum of a low-rank ...
computer science
12,572
NetGAN: Generating Graphs via Random Walks
stat.ML
We propose NetGAN - the first implicit generative model for graphs able to mimic real-world networks. We pose the problem of graph generation as learning the distribution of biased random walks over the input graph. The proposed model is based on a stochastic neural network that generates discrete output samples and is...
computer science
12,573
Label Sanitization against Label Flipping Poisoning Attacks
stat.ML
Many machine learning systems rely on data collected in the wild from untrusted sources, exposing the learning algorithms to data poisoning. Attackers can inject malicious data in the training dataset to subvert the learning process, compromising the performance of the algorithm producing errors in a targeted or an ind...
computer science
12,574
Multiresolution Tensor Decomposition for Multiple Spatial Passing Networks
stat.AP
This article is motivated by soccer positional passing networks collected across multiple games. We refer to these data as replicated spatial passing networks---to accurately model such data it is necessary to take into account the spatial positions of the passer and receiver for each passing event. This spatial regist...
computer science
12,575
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Signal and Data Analytics: Identifiability, Algorithms, and Applications
eess.SP
Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a workhorse for signal and data analytics, triggered by its model parsimony and interpretability. Perhaps a bit surprisingly, the understanding to its model identifiability---the major reason behind the interpretability in many applications such as topic mining and hype...
computer science
12,576
Distributed Nonparametric Regression under Communication Constraints
stat.ML
This paper studies the problem of nonparametric estimation of a smooth function with data distributed across multiple machines. We assume an independent sample from a white noise model is collected at each machine, and an estimator of the underlying true function needs to be constructed at a central machine. We place l...
computer science
12,577
A Distributed Quasi-Newton Algorithm for Empirical Risk Minimization with Nonsmooth Regularization
math.OC
In this paper, we propose a communication- and computation- efficient distributed optimization algorithm using second- order information for solving ERM problems with a nonsmooth regularization term. Current second-order and quasi- Newton methods for this problem either do not work well in the distributed setting or wo...
computer science
12,578
Byzantine-Robust Distributed Learning: Towards Optimal Statistical Rates
cs.LG
In large-scale distributed learning, security issues have become increasingly important. Particularly in a decentralized environment, some computing units may behave abnormally, or even exhibit Byzantine failures---arbitrary and potentially adversarial behavior. In this paper, we develop distributed learning algorithms...
computer science
12,579
Variance-Aware Regret Bounds for Undiscounted Reinforcement Learning in MDPs
stat.ML
The problem of reinforcement learning in an unknown and discrete Markov Decision Process (MDP) under the average-reward criterion is considered, when the learner interacts with the system in a single stream of observations, starting from an initial state without any reset. We revisit the minimax lower bound for that pr...
computer science
12,580
Energy-entropy competition and the effectiveness of stochastic gradient descent in machine learning
cs.LG
Finding parameters that minimise a loss function is at the core of many machine learning methods. The Stochastic Gradient Descent algorithm is widely used and delivers state of the art results for many problems. Nonetheless, Stochastic Gradient Descent typically cannot find the global minimum, thus its empirical effect...
computer science
12,581
An Online Algorithm for Learning Buyer Behavior under Realistic Pricing Restrictions
stat.ML
We propose a new efficient online algorithm to learn the parameters governing the purchasing behavior of a utility maximizing buyer, who responds to prices, in a repeated interaction setting. The key feature of our algorithm is that it can learn even non-linear buyer utility while working with arbitrary price constrain...
computer science
12,582
Learning Filter Bank Sparsifying Transforms
stat.ML
Data is said to follow the transform (or analysis) sparsity model if it becomes sparse when acted on by a linear operator called a sparsifying transform. Several algorithms have been designed to learn such a transform directly from data, and data-adaptive sparsifying transforms have demonstrated excellent performance i...
computer science
12,583
MIMO Graph Filters for Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.LG
Superior performance and ease of implementation have fostered the adoption of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for a wide array of inference and reconstruction tasks. CNNs implement three basic blocks: convolution, pooling and pointwise nonlinearity. Since the two first operations are well-defined only on regular-s...
computer science
12,584
Dimensionality Reduction for Stationary Time Series via Stochastic Nonconvex Optimization
cs.LG
Stochastic optimization naturally arises in machine learning. Efficient algorithms with provable guarantees, however, are still largely missing, when the objective function is nonconvex and the data points are dependent. This paper studies this fundamental challenge through a streaming PCA problem for stationary time s...
computer science
12,585
Visualizing Convolutional Neural Network Protein-Ligand Scoring
stat.ML
Protein-ligand scoring is an important step in a structure-based drug design pipeline. Selecting a correct binding pose and predicting the binding affinity of a protein-ligand complex enables effective virtual screening. Machine learning techniques can make use of the increasing amounts of structural data that are beco...
computer science
12,586
Masked Conditional Neural Networks for Audio Classification
stat.ML
We present the ConditionaL Neural Network (CLNN) and the Masked ConditionaL Neural Network (MCLNN) designed for temporal signal recognition. The CLNN takes into consideration the temporal nature of the sound signal and the MCLNN extends upon the CLNN through a binary mask to preserve the spatial locality of the feature...
computer science
12,587
Graph Learning from Filtered Signals: Graph System and Diffusion Kernel Identification
cs.LG
This paper introduces a novel graph signal processing framework for building graph-based models from classes of filtered signals. In our framework, graph-based modeling is formulated as a graph system identification problem, where the goal is to learn a weighted graph (a graph Laplacian matrix) and a graph-based filter...
computer science
12,588
Revisiting differentially private linear regression: optimal and adaptive prediction & estimation in unbounded domain
stat.ML
We revisit the problem of linear regression under a differential privacy constraint. By consolidating existing pieces in the literature, we clarify the correct dependence of the feature, label and coefficient domain in the optimization error and estimation error, hence revealing the delicate price of differential priva...
computer science
12,589
Generating Differentially Private Datasets Using GANs
cs.LG
In this paper, we present a technique for generating artificial datasets that retain statistical properties of the real data while providing differential privacy guarantees with respect to this data. We include a Gaussian noise layer in the discriminator of a generative adversarial network to make the output and the gr...
computer science
12,590
Ripple Network: Propagating User Preferences on the Knowledge Graph for Recommender Systems
cs.IR
To address the sparsity and cold start problem of collaborative filtering, researchers usually make use of side information, such as social networks or item attributes, to improve recommendation performance. This paper considers the knowledge graph as the source of side information. To address the limitations of existi...
computer science
12,591
Explaining Black-box Android Malware Detection
cs.LG
Machine-learning models have been recently used for detecting malicious Android applications, reporting impressive performances on benchmark datasets, even when trained only on features statically extracted from the application, such as system calls and permissions. However, recent findings have highlighted the fragili...
computer science
12,592
Standing Wave Decomposition Gaussian Process
stat.ML
We propose a Standing Wave Decomposition (SWD) approximation to Gaussian Process regression (GP). GP involves a costly matrix inversion operation, which limits applicability to large data analysis. For an input space that can be approximated by a grid and when correlations among data are short-ranged, the kernel matrix...
computer science
12,593
Combating Adversarial Attacks Using Sparse Representations
stat.ML
It is by now well-known that small adversarial perturbations can induce classification errors in deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, we make the case that sparse representations of the input data are a crucial tool for combating such attacks. For linear classifiers, we show that a sparsifying front end is prova...
computer science
12,594
A pathway-based kernel boosting method for sample classification using genomic data
stat.ML
The analysis of cancer genomic data has long suffered "the curse of dimensionality". Sample sizes for most cancer genomic studies are a few hundreds at most while there are tens of thousands of genomic features studied. Various methods have been proposed to leverage prior biological knowledge, such as pathways, to more...
computer science
12,595
Detecting Nonlinear Causality in Multivariate Time Series with Sparse Additive Models
stat.ML
We propose a nonparametric method for detecting nonlinear causal relationship within a set of multidimensional discrete time series, by using sparse additive models (SpAMs). We show that, when the input to the SpAM is a $\beta$-mixing time series, the model can be fitted by first approximating each unknown function wit...
computer science
12,596
BEBP: An Poisoning Method Against Machine Learning Based IDSs
cs.LG
In big data era, machine learning is one of fundamental techniques in intrusion detection systems (IDSs). However, practical IDSs generally update their decision module by feeding new data then retraining learning models in a periodical way. Hence, some attacks that comprise the data for training or testing classifiers...
computer science
12,597
Link prediction for egocentrically sampled networks
stat.CO
Link prediction in networks is typically accomplished by estimating or ranking the probabilities of edges for all pairs of nodes. In practice, especially for social networks, the data are often collected by egocentric sampling, which means selecting a subset of nodes and recording all of their edges. This sampling mech...
computer science
12,598
Extreme Learning Machine for Graph Signal Processing
stat.ML
In this article, we improve extreme learning machines for regression tasks using a graph signal processing based regularization. We assume that the target signal for prediction or regression is a graph signal. With this assumption, we use the regularization to enforce that the output of an extreme learning machine is s...
computer science
12,599
High Throughput Synchronous Distributed Stochastic Gradient Descent
cs.DC
We introduce a new, high-throughput, synchronous, distributed, data-parallel, stochastic-gradient-descent learning algorithm. This algorithm uses amortized inference in a compute-cluster-specific, deep, generative, dynamical model to perform joint posterior predictive inference of the mini-batch gradient computation ti...
computer science
12,600
Leveraging Crowdsourcing Data For Deep Active Learning - An Application: Learning Intents in Alexa
cs.LG
This paper presents a generic Bayesian framework that enables any deep learning model to actively learn from targeted crowds. Our framework inherits from recent advances in Bayesian deep learning, and extends existing work by considering the targeted crowdsourcing approach, where multiple annotators with unknown expert...
computer science