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18,702
Combining Spatial and Temporal Logics: Expressiveness vs. Complexity
cs.AI
In this paper, we construct and investigate a hierarchy of spatio-temporal formalisms that result from various combinations of propositional spatial and temporal logics such as the propositional temporal logic PTL, the spatial logics RCC-8, BRCC-8, S4u and their fragments. The obtained results give a clear picture of t...
computer science
18,703
An Approach to Temporal Planning and Scheduling in Domains with Predictable Exogenous Events
cs.AI
The treatment of exogenous events in planning is practically important in many real-world domains where the preconditions of certain plan actions are affected by such events. In this paper we focus on planning in temporal domains with exogenous events that happen at known times, imposing the constraint that certain act...
computer science
18,704
The Power of Modeling - a Response to PDDL2.1
cs.AI
In this commentary I argue that although PDDL is a very useful standard for the planning competition, its design does not properly consider the issue of domain modeling. Hence, I would not advocate its use in specifying planning domains outside of the context of the planning competition. Rather, the field needs to expl...
computer science
18,705
Imperfect Match: PDDL 2.1 and Real Applications
cs.AI
PDDL was originally conceived and constructed as a lingua franca for the International Planning Competition. PDDL2.1 embodies a set of extensions intended to support the expression of something closer to real planning problems. This objective has only been partially achieved, due in large part to a deliberate focus on ...
computer science
18,706
PDDL 2.1: Representation vs. Computation
cs.AI
I comment on the PDDL 2.1 language and its use in the planning competition, focusing on the choices made for accommodating time and concurrency. I also discuss some methodological issues that have to do with the move toward more expressive planning languages and the balance needed in planning research between semantics...
computer science
18,707
Proactive Algorithms for Job Shop Scheduling with Probabilistic Durations
cs.AI
Most classical scheduling formulations assume a fixed and known duration for each activity. In this paper, we weaken this assumption, requiring instead that each duration can be represented by an independent random variable with a known mean and variance. The best solutions are ones which have a high probability of ach...
computer science
18,708
The Language of Search
cs.AI
This paper is concerned with a class of algorithms that perform exhaustive search on propositional knowledge bases. We show that each of these algorithms defines and generates a propositional language. Specifically, we show that the trace of a search can be interpreted as a combinational circuit, and a search algorithm...
computer science
18,709
Understanding Algorithm Performance on an Oversubscribed Scheduling Application
cs.AI
The best performing algorithms for a particular oversubscribed scheduling application, Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) scheduling, appear to have little in common. Yet, through careful experimentation and modeling of performance in real problem instances, we can relate characteristics of the best algorithms...
computer science
18,710
Marvin: A Heuristic Search Planner with Online Macro-Action Learning
cs.AI
This paper describes Marvin, a planner that competed in the Fourth International Planning Competition (IPC 4). Marvin uses action-sequence-memoisation techniques to generate macro-actions, which are then used during search for a solution plan. We provide an overview of its architecture and search behaviour, detailing t...
computer science
18,711
Anytime Heuristic Search
cs.AI
We describe how to convert the heuristic search algorithm A* into an anytime algorithm that finds a sequence of improved solutions and eventually converges to an optimal solution. The approach we adopt uses weighted heuristic search to find an approximate solution quickly, and then continues the weighted search to find...
computer science
18,712
Discovering Classes of Strongly Equivalent Logic Programs
cs.AI
In this paper we apply computer-aided theorem discovery technique to discover theorems about strongly equivalent logic programs under the answer set semantics. Our discovered theorems capture new classes of strongly equivalent logic programs that can lead to new program simplification rules that preserve strong equival...
computer science
18,713
Phase Transition for Random Quantified XOR-Formulas
cs.AI
The QXORSAT problem is the quantified version of the satisfiability problem XORSAT in which the connective exclusive-or is used instead of the usual or. We study the phase transition associated with random QXORSAT instances. We give a description of this phase transition in the case of one alternation of quantifiers, t...
computer science
18,714
Cutset Sampling for Bayesian Networks
cs.AI
The paper presents a new sampling methodology for Bayesian networks that samples only a subset of variables and applies exact inference to the rest. Cutset sampling is a network structure-exploiting application of the Rao-Blackwellisation principle to sampling in Bayesian networks. It improves convergence by exploiting...
computer science
18,715
An Algebraic Graphical Model for Decision with Uncertainties, Feasibilities, and Utilities
cs.AI
Numerous formalisms and dedicated algorithms have been designed in the last decades to model and solve decision making problems. Some formalisms, such as constraint networks, can express "simple" decision problems, while others are designed to take into account uncertainties, unfeasible decisions, and utilities. Even i...
computer science
18,716
Semantic Matchmaking as Non-Monotonic Reasoning: A Description Logic Approach
cs.AI
Matchmaking arises when supply and demand meet in an electronic marketplace, or when agents search for a web service to perform some task, or even when recruiting agencies match curricula and job profiles. In such open environments, the objective of a matchmaking process is to discover best available offers to a given ...
computer science
18,717
Solution-Guided Multi-Point Constructive Search for Job Shop Scheduling
cs.AI
Solution-Guided Multi-Point Constructive Search (SGMPCS) is a novel constructive search technique that performs a series of resource-limited tree searches where each search begins either from an empty solution (as in randomized restart) or from a solution that has been encountered during the search. A small number of t...
computer science
18,718
Are Minds Computable?
cs.AI
This essay explores the limits of Turing machines concerning the modeling of minds and suggests alternatives to go beyond those limits.
computer science
18,719
Fuzzy Inference Systems Optimization
cs.AI
This paper compares various optimization methods for fuzzy inference system optimization. The optimization methods compared are genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization and simulated annealing. When these techniques were implemented it was observed that the performance of each technique within the fuzzy inference...
computer science
18,720
Handling controversial arguments by matrix
cs.AI
We introduce matrix and its block to the Dung's theory of argumentation framework. It is showed that each argumentation framework has a matrix representation, and the indirect attack relation and indirect defence relation can be characterized by computing the matrix. This provide a powerful mathematics way to determine...
computer science
18,721
Learning in Real-Time Search: A Unifying Framework
cs.AI
Real-time search methods are suited for tasks in which the agent is interacting with an initially unknown environment in real time. In such simultaneous planning and learning problems, the agent has to select its actions in a limited amount of time, while sensing only a local part of the environment centered at the age...
computer science
18,722
A Generalized Arc-Consistency Algorithm for a Class of Counting Constraints: Revised Edition that Incorporates One Correction
cs.AI
This paper introduces the SEQ BIN meta-constraint with a polytime algorithm achieving general- ized arc-consistency according to some properties. SEQ BIN can be used for encoding counting con- straints such as CHANGE, SMOOTH or INCREAS- ING NVALUE. For some of these constraints and some of their variants GAC can be enf...
computer science
18,723
Quels formalismes temporels pour représenter des connaissances extraites de textes de recettes de cuisine ?
cs.AI
The Taaable projet goal is to create a case-based reasoning system for retrieval and adaptation of cooking recipes. Within this framework, we are discussing the temporal aspects of recipes and the means of representing those in order to adapt their text.
computer science
18,724
Modelling Constraint Solver Architecture Design as a Constraint Problem
cs.AI
Designing component-based constraint solvers is a complex problem. Some components are required, some are optional and there are interdependencies between the components. Because of this, previous approaches to solver design and modification have been ad-hoc and limited. We present a system that transforms a descriptio...
computer science
18,725
A cognitive diversity framework for radar target classification
cs.AI
Classification of targets by radar has proved to be notoriously difficult with the best systems still yet to attain sufficiently high levels of performance and reliability. In the current contribution we explore a new design of radar based target recognition, where angular diversity is used in a cognitive manner to att...
computer science
18,726
Reasoning with Very Expressive Fuzzy Description Logics
cs.AI
It is widely recognized today that the management of imprecision and vagueness will yield more intelligent and realistic knowledge-based applications. Description Logics (DLs) are a family of knowledge representation languages that have gained considerable attention the last decade, mainly due to their decidability and...
computer science
18,727
New Inference Rules for Max-SAT
cs.AI
Exact Max-SAT solvers, compared with SAT solvers, apply little inference at each node of the proof tree. Commonly used SAT inference rules like unit propagation produce a simplified formula that preserves satisfiability but, unfortunately, solving the Max-SAT problem for the simplified formula is not equivalent to solv...
computer science
18,728
Obtaining Reliable Feedback for Sanctioning Reputation Mechanisms
cs.AI
Reputation mechanisms offer an effective alternative to verification authorities for building trust in electronic markets with moral hazard. Future clients guide their business decisions by considering the feedback from past transactions; if truthfully exposed, cheating behavior is sanctioned and thus becomes irrationa...
computer science
18,729
Probabilistic Planning via Heuristic Forward Search and Weighted Model Counting
cs.AI
We present a new algorithm for probabilistic planning with no observability. Our algorithm, called Probabilistic-FF, extends the heuristic forward-search machinery of Conformant-FF to problems with probabilistic uncertainty about both the initial state and action effects. Specifically, Probabilistic-FF combines Conform...
computer science
18,730
Conjunctive Query Answering for the Description Logic SHIQ
cs.AI
Conjunctive queries play an important role as an expressive query language for Description Logics (DLs). Although modern DLs usually provide for transitive roles, conjunctive query answering over DL knowledge bases is only poorly understood if transitive roles are admitted in the query. In this paper, we consider union...
computer science
18,731
Qualitative System Identification from Imperfect Data
cs.AI
Experience in the physical sciences suggests that the only realistic means of understanding complex systems is through the use of mathematical models. Typically, this has come to mean the identification of quantitative models expressed as differential equations. Quantitative modelling works best when the structure of t...
computer science
18,732
Exploiting Subgraph Structure in Multi-Robot Path Planning
cs.AI
Multi-robot path planning is difficult due to the combinatorial explosion of the search space with every new robot added. Complete search of the combined state-space soon becomes intractable. In this paper we present a novel form of abstraction that allows us to plan much more efficiently. The key to this abstraction i...
computer science
18,733
Extended RDF as a Semantic Foundation of Rule Markup Languages
cs.AI
Ontologies and automated reasoning are the building blocks of the Semantic Web initiative. Derivation rules can be included in an ontology to define derived concepts, based on base concepts. For example, rules allow to define the extension of a class or property, based on a complex relation between the extensions of th...
computer science
18,734
The Complexity of Planning Problems With Simple Causal Graphs
cs.AI
We present three new complexity results for classes of planning problems with simple causal graphs. First, we describe a polynomial-time algorithm that uses macros to generate plans for the class 3S of planning problems with binary state variables and acyclic causal graphs. This implies that plan generation may be trac...
computer science
18,735
Loosely Coupled Formulations for Automated Planning: An Integer Programming Perspective
cs.AI
We represent planning as a set of loosely coupled network flow problems, where each network corresponds to one of the state variables in the planning domain. The network nodes correspond to the state variable values and the network arcs correspond to the value transitions. The planning problem is to find a path (a sequ...
computer science
18,736
A Constraint Programming Approach for Solving a Queueing Control Problem
cs.AI
In a facility with front room and back room operations, it is useful to switch workers between the rooms in order to cope with changing customer demand. Assuming stochastic customer arrival and service times, we seek a policy for switching workers such that the expected customer waiting time is minimized while the expe...
computer science
18,737
Optimal and Approximate Q-value Functions for Decentralized POMDPs
cs.AI
Decision-theoretic planning is a popular approach to sequential decision making problems, because it treats uncertainty in sensing and acting in a principled way. In single-agent frameworks like MDPs and POMDPs, planning can be carried out by resorting to Q-value functions: an optimal Q-value function Q* is computed in...
computer science
18,738
Communication-Based Decomposition Mechanisms for Decentralized MDPs
cs.AI
Multi-agent planning in stochastic environments can be framed formally as a decentralized Markov decision problem. Many real-life distributed problems that arise in manufacturing, multi-robot coordination and information gathering scenarios can be formalized using this framework. However, finding the optimal solution i...
computer science
18,739
A General Theory of Additive State Space Abstractions
cs.AI
Informally, a set of abstractions of a state space S is additive if the distance between any two states in S is always greater than or equal to the sum of the corresponding distances in the abstract spaces. The first known additive abstractions, called disjoint pattern databases, were experimentally demonstrated to pro...
computer science
18,740
First Order Decision Diagrams for Relational MDPs
cs.AI
Markov decision processes capture sequential decision making under uncertainty, where an agent must choose actions so as to optimize long term reward. The paper studies efficient reasoning mechanisms for Relational Markov Decision Processes (RMDP) where world states have an internal relational structure that can be nat...
computer science
18,741
Clause/Term Resolution and Learning in the Evaluation of Quantified Boolean Formulas
cs.AI
Resolution is the rule of inference at the basis of most procedures for automated reasoning. In these procedures, the input formula is first translated into an equisatisfiable formula in conjunctive normal form (CNF) and then represented as a set of clauses. Deduction starts by inferring new clauses by resolution, and ...
computer science
18,742
MIVAR: Transition from Productions to Bipartite Graphs MIVAR Nets and Practical Realization of Automated Constructor of Algorithms Handling More than Three Million Production Rules
cs.AI
The theoretical transition from the graphs of production systems to the bipartite graphs of the MIVAR nets is shown. Examples of the implementation of the MIVAR nets in the formalisms of matrixes and graphs are given. The linear computational complexity of algorithms for automated building of objects and rules of the M...
computer science
18,743
Embedding Description Logic Programs into Default Logic
cs.AI
Description logic programs (dl-programs) under the answer set semantics formulated by Eiter {\em et al.} have been considered as a prominent formalism for integrating rules and ontology knowledge bases. A question of interest has been whether dl-programs can be captured in a general formalism of nonmonotonic logic. In ...
computer science
18,744
Semantic-Driven e-Government: Application of Uschold and King Ontology Building Methodology for Semantic Ontology Models Development
cs.AI
Electronic government (e-government) has been one of the most active areas of ontology development during the past six years. In e-government, ontologies are being used to describe and specify e-government services (e-services) because they enable easy composition, matching, mapping and merging of various e-government ...
computer science
18,745
SATzilla: Portfolio-based Algorithm Selection for SAT
cs.AI
It has been widely observed that there is no single "dominant" SAT solver; instead, different solvers perform best on different instances. Rather than following the traditional approach of choosing the best solver for a given class of instances, we advocate making this decision online on a per-instance basis. Building ...
computer science
18,746
8-Valent Fuzzy Logic for Iris Recognition and Biometry
cs.AI
This paper shows that maintaining logical consistency of an iris recognition system is a matter of finding a suitable partitioning of the input space in enrollable and unenrollable pairs by negotiating the user comfort and the safety of the biometric system. In other words, consistent enrollment is mandatory in order t...
computer science
18,747
New Candidates Welcome! Possible Winners with respect to the Addition of New Candidates
cs.AI
In voting contexts, some new candidates may show up in the course of the process. In this case, we may want to determine which of the initial candidates are possible winners, given that a fixed number $k$ of new candidates will be added. We give a computational study of this problem, focusing on scoring rules, and we p...
computer science
18,748
Model-based Utility Functions
cs.AI
Orseau and Ring, as well as Dewey, have recently described problems, including self-delusion, with the behavior of agents using various definitions of utility functions. An agent's utility function is defined in terms of the agent's history of interactions with its environment. This paper argues, via two examples, that...
computer science
18,749
Unbiased Statistics of a CSP - A Controlled-Bias Generator
cs.AI
We show that estimating the complexity (mean and distribution) of the instances of a fixed size Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) can be very hard. We deal with the main two aspects of the problem: defining a measure of complexity and generating random unbiased instances. For the first problem, we rely on a general...
computer science
18,750
A Model of Spatial Thinking for Computational Intelligence
cs.AI
Trying to be effective (no matter who exactly and in what field) a person face the problem which inevitably destroys all our attempts to easily get to a desired goal. The problem is the existence of some insuperable barriers for our mind, anotherwords barriers for principles of thinking. They are our clue and main reas...
computer science
18,751
Revisiting Numerical Pattern Mining with Formal Concept Analysis
cs.AI
In this paper, we investigate the problem of mining numerical data in the framework of Formal Concept Analysis. The usual way is to use a scaling procedure --transforming numerical attributes into binary ones-- leading either to a loss of information or of efficiency, in particular w.r.t. the volume of extracted patter...
computer science
18,752
Principles of Solomonoff Induction and AIXI
cs.AI
We identify principles characterizing Solomonoff Induction by demands on an agent's external behaviour. Key concepts are rationality, computability, indifference and time consistency. Furthermore, we discuss extensions to the full AI case to derive AIXI.
computer science
18,753
Pattern-Based Classification: A Unifying Perspective
cs.AI
The use of patterns in predictive models is a topic that has received a lot of attention in recent years. Pattern mining can help to obtain models for structured domains, such as graphs and sequences, and has been proposed as a means to obtain more accurate and more interpretable models. Despite the large amount of pub...
computer science
18,754
Graph based E-Government web service composition
cs.AI
Nowadays, e-government has emerged as a government policy to improve the quality and efficiency of public administrations. By exploiting the potential of new information and communication technologies, government agencies are providing a wide spectrum of online services. These services are composed of several web servi...
computer science
18,755
An Enhanced Indexing And Ranking Technique On The Semantic Web
cs.AI
With the fast growth of the Internet, more and more information is available on the Web. The Semantic Web has many features which cannot be handled by using the traditional search engines. It extracts metadata for each discovered Web documents in RDF or OWL formats, and computes relations between documents. We proposed...
computer science
18,756
Constraining the Size Growth of the Task Space with Socially Guided Intrinsic Motivation using Demonstrations
cs.AI
This paper presents an algorithm for learning a highly redundant inverse model in continuous and non-preset environments. Our Socially Guided Intrinsic Motivation by Demonstrations (SGIM-D) algorithm combines the advantages of both social learning and intrinsic motivation, to specialise in a wide range of skills, while...
computer science
18,757
Continuity in Information Algebras
cs.AI
In this paper, the continuity and strong continuity in domain-free information algebras and labeled information algebras are introduced respectively. A more general concept of continuous function which is defined between two domain-free continuous information algebras is presented. It is shown that, with the operations...
computer science
18,758
The RegularGcc Matrix Constraint
cs.AI
We study propagation of the RegularGcc global constraint. This ensures that each row of a matrix of decision variables satisfies a Regular constraint, and each column satisfies a Gcc constraint. On the negative side, we prove that propagation is NP-hard even under some strong restrictions (e.g. just 3 values, just 4 st...
computer science
18,759
Optimal Fuzzy Model Construction with Statistical Information using Genetic Algorithm
cs.AI
Fuzzy rule based models have a capability to approximate any continuous function to any degree of accuracy on a compact domain. The majority of FLC design process relies on heuristic knowledge of experience operators. In order to make the design process automatic we present a genetic approach to learn fuzzy rules as we...
computer science
18,760
Ultrametric Model of Mind, I: Review
cs.AI
We mathematically model Ignacio Matte Blanco's principles of symmetric and asymmetric being through use of an ultrametric topology. We use for this the highly regarded 1975 book of this Chilean psychiatrist and pyschoanalyst (born 1908, died 1995). Such an ultrametric model corresponds to hierarchical clustering in the...
computer science
18,761
Tacit knowledge mining algorithm based on linguistic truth-valued concept lattice
cs.AI
This paper is the continuation of our research work about linguistic truth-valued concept lattice. In order to provide a mathematical tool for mining tacit knowledge, we establish a concrete model of 6-ary linguistic truth-valued concept lattice and introduce a mining algorithm through the structure consistency. Specif...
computer science
18,762
Evaluation of a Simple, Scalable, Parallel Best-First Search Strategy
cs.AI
Large-scale, parallel clusters composed of commodity processors are increasingly available, enabling the use of vast processing capabilities and distributed RAM to solve hard search problems. We investigate Hash-Distributed A* (HDA*), a simple approach to parallel best-first search that asynchronously distributes and s...
computer science
18,763
The computation of first order moments on junction trees
cs.AI
We review some existing methods for the computation of first order moments on junction trees using Shafer-Shenoy algorithm. First, we consider the problem of first order moments computation as vertices problem in junction trees. In this way, the problem is solved using the memory space of an order of the junction tree ...
computer science
18,764
Progress in animation of an EMA-controlled tongue model for acoustic-visual speech synthesis
cs.AI
We present a technique for the animation of a 3D kinematic tongue model, one component of the talking head of an acoustic-visual (AV) speech synthesizer. The skeletal animation approach is adapted to make use of a deformable rig controlled by tongue motion capture data obtained with electromagnetic articulography (EMA)...
computer science
18,765
Constraint Propagation as Information Maximization
cs.AI
This paper draws on diverse areas of computer science to develop a unified view of computation: (1) Optimization in operations research, where a numerical objective function is maximized under constraints, is generalized from the numerical total order to a non-numerical partial order that can be interpreted in terms ...
computer science
18,766
A multiagent urban traffic simulation
cs.AI
We built a multiagent simulation of urban traffic to model both ordinary traffic and emergency or crisis mode traffic. This simulation first builds a modeled road network based on detailed geographical information. On this network, the simulation creates two populations of agents: the Transporters and the Mobiles. Tran...
computer science
18,767
The thermodynamic cost of fast thought
cs.AI
After more than sixty years, Shannon's research [1-3] continues to raise fundamental questions, such as the one formulated by Luce [4,5], which is still unanswered: "Why is information theory not very applicable to psychological problems, despite apparent similarities of concepts?" On this topic, Pinker [6], one of the...
computer science
18,768
Ontologies for the Integration of Air Quality Models and 3D City Models
cs.AI
The holistic approach to sustainable urban planning implies using different models in an integrated way that is capable of simulating the urban system. As the interconnection of such models is not a trivial task, one of the key elements that may be applied is the description of the urban geometric properties in an "int...
computer science
18,769
Development of an Ontology to Assist the Modeling of Accident Scenarii "Application on Railroad Transport "
cs.AI
In a world where communication and information sharing are at the heart of our business, the terminology needs are most pressing. It has become imperative to identify the terms used and defined in a consensual and coherent way while preserving linguistic diversity. To streamline and strengthen the process of acquisitio...
computer science
18,770
Search Combinators
cs.AI
The ability to model search in a constraint solver can be an essential asset for solving combinatorial problems. However, existing infrastructure for defining search heuristics is often inadequate. Either modeling capabilities are extremely limited or users are faced with a general-purpose programming language whose fe...
computer science
18,771
Multi source feedback based performance appraisal system using Fuzzy logic decision support system
cs.AI
In Multi-Source Feedback or 360 Degree Feedback, data on the performance of an individual are collected systematically from a number of stakeholders and are used for improving performance. The 360-Degree Feedback approach provides a consistent management philosophy meeting the criterion outlined previously. The 360-deg...
computer science
18,772
Combining Voting Rules Together
cs.AI
We propose a simple method for combining together voting rules that performs a run-off between the different winners of each voting rule. We prove that this combinator has several good properties. For instance, even if just one of the base voting rules has a desirable property like Condorcet consistency, the combinatio...
computer science
18,773
Gibbs Sampling in Open-Universe Stochastic Languages
cs.AI
Languages for open-universe probabilistic models (OUPMs) can represent situations with an unknown number of objects and iden- tity uncertainty. While such cases arise in a wide range of important real-world appli- cations, existing general purpose inference methods for OUPMs are far less efficient than those available ...
computer science
18,774
Compiling Possibilistic Networks: Alternative Approaches to Possibilistic Inference
cs.AI
Qualitative possibilistic networks, also known as min-based possibilistic networks, are important tools for handling uncertain information in the possibility theory frame- work. Despite their importance, only the junction tree adaptation has been proposed for exact reasoning with such networks. This paper explores alte...
computer science
18,775
Possibilistic Answer Set Programming Revisited
cs.AI
Possibilistic answer set programming (PASP) extends answer set programming (ASP) by attaching to each rule a degree of certainty. While such an extension is important from an application point of view, existing semantics are not well-motivated, and do not always yield intuitive results. To develop a more suitable seman...
computer science
18,776
Three new sensitivity analysis methods for influence diagrams
cs.AI
Performing sensitivity analysis for influence diagrams using the decision circuit framework is particularly convenient, since the partial derivatives with respect to every parameter are readily available [Bhattacharjya and Shachter, 2007; 2008]. In this paper we present three non-linear sensitivity analysis methods tha...
computer science
18,777
Probabilistic Similarity Logic
cs.AI
Many machine learning applications require the ability to learn from and reason about noisy multi-relational data. To address this, several effective representations have been developed that provide both a language for expressing the structural regularities of a domain, and principled support for probabilistic inferenc...
computer science
18,778
ALARMS: Alerting and Reasoning Management System for Next Generation Aircraft Hazards
cs.AI
The Next Generation Air Transportation System will introduce new, advanced sensor technologies into the cockpit. With the introduction of such systems, the responsibilities of the pilot are expected to dramatically increase. In the ALARMS (ALerting And Reasoning Management System) project for NASA, we focus on a key ch...
computer science
18,779
Lifted Inference for Relational Continuous Models
cs.AI
Relational Continuous Models (RCMs) represent joint probability densities over attributes of objects, when the attributes have continuous domains. With relational representations, they can model joint probability distributions over large numbers of variables compactly in a natural way. This paper presents a new exact l...
computer science
18,780
Distribution over Beliefs for Memory Bounded Dec-POMDP Planning
cs.AI
We propose a new point-based method for approximate planning in Dec-POMDP which outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of solution quality. It uses a heuristic estimation of the prior probability of beliefs to choose a bounded number of policy trees: this choice is formulated as a combinatorial optimisati...
computer science
18,781
A Scalable Method for Solving High-Dimensional Continuous POMDPs Using Local Approximation
cs.AI
Partially-Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are typically solved by finding an approximate global solution to a corresponding belief-MDP. In this paper, we offer a new planning algorithm for POMDPs with continuous state, action and observation spaces. Since such domains have an inherent notion of locality, ...
computer science
18,782
Formula-Based Probabilistic Inference
cs.AI
Computing the probability of a formula given the probabilities or weights associated with other formulas is a natural extension of logical inference to the probabilistic setting. Surprisingly, this problem has received little attention in the literature to date, particularly considering that it includes many standard i...
computer science
18,783
Anytime Planning for Decentralized POMDPs using Expectation Maximization
cs.AI
Decentralized POMDPs provide an expressive framework for multi-agent sequential decision making. While fnite-horizon DECPOMDPs have enjoyed signifcant success, progress remains slow for the infnite-horizon case mainly due to the inherent complexity of optimizing stochastic controllers representing agent policies. We pr...
computer science
18,784
Solving Hybrid Influence Diagrams with Deterministic Variables
cs.AI
We describe a framework and an algorithm for solving hybrid influence diagrams with discrete, continuous, and deterministic chance variables, and discrete and continuous decision variables. A continuous chance variable in an influence diagram is said to be deterministic if its conditional distributions have zero varian...
computer science
18,785
A Delayed Column Generation Strategy for Exact k-Bounded MAP Inference in Markov Logic Networks
cs.AI
The paper introduces k-bounded MAP inference, a parameterization of MAP inference in Markov logic networks. k-Bounded MAP states are MAP states with at most k active ground atoms of hidden (non-evidence) predicates. We present a novel delayed column generation algorithm and provide empirical evidence that the algorithm...
computer science
18,786
Comparative Analysis of Probabilistic Models for Activity Recognition with an Instrumented Walker
cs.AI
Rollating walkers are popular mobility aids used by older adults to improve balance control. There is a need to automatically recognize the activities performed by walker users to better understand activity patterns, mobility issues and the context in which falls are more likely to happen. We design and compare several...
computer science
18,787
Merging Knowledge Bases in Possibilistic Logic by Lexicographic Aggregation
cs.AI
Belief merging is an important but difficult problem in Artificial Intelligence, especially when sources of information are pervaded with uncertainty. Many merging operators have been proposed to deal with this problem in possibilistic logic, a weighted logic which is powerful for handling inconsistency and deal- ing w...
computer science
18,788
Characterizing the Set of Coherent Lower Previsions with a Finite Number of Constraints or Vertices
cs.AI
The standard coherence criterion for lower previsions is expressed using an infinite number of linear constraints. For lower previsions that are essentially defined on some finite set of gambles on a finite possibility space, we present a reformulation of this criterion that only uses a finite number of constraints. An...
computer science
18,789
Dynamic programming in in uence diagrams with decision circuits
cs.AI
Decision circuits perform efficient evaluation of influence diagrams, building on the ad- vances in arithmetic circuits for belief net- work inference [Darwiche, 2003; Bhattachar- jya and Shachter, 2007]. We show how even more compact decision circuits can be con- structed for dynamic programming in influ- ence diagram...
computer science
18,790
Learning Why Things Change: The Difference-Based Causality Learner
cs.AI
In this paper, we present the Difference- Based Causality Learner (DBCL), an algorithm for learning a class of discrete-time dynamic models that represents all causation across time by means of difference equations driving change in a system. We motivate this representation with real-world mechanical systems and prove ...
computer science
18,791
Rollout Sampling Policy Iteration for Decentralized POMDPs
cs.AI
We present decentralized rollout sampling policy iteration (DecRSPI) - a new algorithm for multi-agent decision problems formalized as DEC-POMDPs. DecRSPI is designed to improve scalability and tackle problems that lack an explicit model. The algorithm uses Monte- Carlo methods to generate a sample of reachable belief ...
computer science
18,792
Solving Multistage Influence Diagrams using Branch-and-Bound Search
cs.AI
A branch-and-bound approach to solving influ- ence diagrams has been previously proposed in the literature, but appears to have never been implemented and evaluated - apparently due to the difficulties of computing effective bounds for the branch-and-bound search. In this paper, we describe how to efficiently compute e...
computer science
18,793
RAPID: A Reachable Anytime Planner for Imprecisely-sensed Domains
cs.AI
Despite the intractability of generic optimal partially observable Markov decision process planning, there exist important problems that have highly structured models. Previous researchers have used this insight to construct more efficient algorithms for factored domains, and for domains with topological structure in t...
computer science
18,794
Understanding Sampling Style Adversarial Search Methods
cs.AI
UCT has recently emerged as an exciting new adversarial reasoning technique based on cleverly balancing exploration and exploitation in a Monte-Carlo sampling setting. It has been particularly successful in the game of Go but the reasons for its success are not well understood and attempts to replicate its success in o...
computer science
18,795
Parameter Learning in PRISM Programs with Continuous Random Variables
cs.AI
Probabilistic Logic Programming (PLP), exemplified by Sato and Kameya's PRISM, Poole's ICL, De Raedt et al's ProbLog and Vennekens et al's LPAD, combines statistical and logical knowledge representation and inference. Inference in these languages is based on enumerative construction of proofs over logic programs. Conse...
computer science
18,796
Modeling of Mixed Decision Making Process
cs.AI
Decision making whenever and wherever it is happened is key to organizations success. In order to make correct decision, individuals, teams and organizations need both knowledge management (to manage content) and collaboration (to manage group processes) to make that more effective and efficient. In this paper, we expl...
computer science
18,797
On the Use of Non-Stationary Policies for Infinite-Horizon Discounted Markov Decision Processes
cs.AI
We consider infinite-horizon $\gamma$-discounted Markov Decision Processes, for which it is known that there exists a stationary optimal policy. We consider the algorithm Value Iteration and the sequence of policies $\pi_1,...,\pi_k$ it implicitely generates until some iteration $k$. We provide performance bounds for n...
computer science
18,798
Creating Intelligent Linking for Information Threading in Knowledge Networks
cs.AI
Informledge System (ILS) is a knowledge network with autonomous nodes and intelligent links that integrate and structure the pieces of knowledge. In this paper, we aim to put forward the link dynamics involved in intelligent processing of information in ILS. There has been advancement in knowledge management field whic...
computer science
18,799
Expert PC Troubleshooter With Fuzzy-Logic And Self-Learning Support
cs.AI
Expert systems use human knowledge often stored as rules within the computer to solve problems that generally would entail human intelligence. Today, with information systems turning out to be more pervasive and with the myriad advances in information technologies, automating computer fault diagnosis is becoming so fun...
computer science
18,800
Unit contradiction versus unit propagation
cs.AI
Some aspects of the result of applying unit resolution on a CNF formula can be formalized as functions with domain a set of partial truth assignments. We are interested in two ways for computing such functions, depending on whether the result is the production of the empty clause or the assignment of a variable with a ...
computer science
18,801
Development of knowledge Base Expert System for Natural treatment of Diabetes disease
cs.AI
The development of expert system for treatment of Diabetes disease by using natural methods is new information technology derived from Artificial Intelligent research using ESTA (Expert System Text Animation) System. The proposed expert system contains knowledge about various methods of natural treatment methods (Massa...
computer science