Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
32,102
A Last-Step Regression Algorithm for Non-Stationary Online Learning
cs.LG
The goal of a learner in standard online learning is to maintain an average loss close to the loss of the best-performing single function in some class. In many real-world problems, such as rating or ranking items, there is no single best target function during the runtime of the algorithm, instead the best (local) tar...
computer science
32,103
A Quorum Sensing Inspired Algorithm for Dynamic Clustering
cs.LG
Quorum sensing is a decentralized biological process, through which a community of cells with no global awareness coordinate their functional behaviors based solely on cell-medium interactions and local decisions. This paper draws inspirations from quorum sensing and colony competition to derive a new algorithm for dat...
computer science
32,104
On multi-class learning through the minimization of the confusion matrix norm
cs.LG
In imbalanced multi-class classification problems, the misclassification rate as an error measure may not be a relevant choice. Several methods have been developed where the performance measure retained richer information than the mere misclassification rate: misclassification costs, ROC-based information, etc. Followi...
computer science
32,105
Markov Chain Monte Carlo for Arrangement of Hyperplanes in Locality-Sensitive Hashing
cs.LG
Since Hamming distances can be calculated by bitwise computations, they can be calculated with less computational load than L2 distances. Similarity searches can therefore be performed faster in Hamming distance space. The elements of Hamming distance space are bit strings. On the other hand, the arrangement of hyperpl...
computer science
32,106
Large-Scale Learning with Less RAM via Randomization
cs.LG
We reduce the memory footprint of popular large-scale online learning methods by projecting our weight vector onto a coarse discrete set using randomized rounding. Compared to standard 32-bit float encodings, this reduces RAM usage by more than 50% during training and by up to 95% when making predictions from a fixed m...
computer science
32,107
A Note on k-support Norm Regularized Risk Minimization
cs.LG
The k-support norm has been recently introduced to perform correlated sparsity regularization. Although Argyriou et al. only reported experiments using squared loss, here we apply it to several other commonly used settings resulting in novel machine learning algorithms with interesting and familiar limit cases. Source ...
computer science
32,108
Inductive Hashing on Manifolds
cs.LG
Learning based hashing methods have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to greatly increase the scale at which existing algorithms may operate. Most of these methods are designed to generate binary codes that preserve the Euclidean distance in the original space. Manifold learning techniques, in contr...
computer science
32,109
Relative Comparison Kernel Learning with Auxiliary Kernels
cs.LG
In this work we consider the problem of learning a positive semidefinite kernel matrix from relative comparisons of the form: "object A is more similar to object B than it is to C", where comparisons are given by humans. Existing solutions to this problem assume many comparisons are provided to learn a high quality ker...
computer science
32,110
Group Learning and Opinion Diffusion in a Broadcast Network
cs.LG
We analyze the following group learning problem in the context of opinion diffusion: Consider a network with $M$ users, each facing $N$ options. In a discrete time setting, at each time step, each user chooses $K$ out of the $N$ options, and receive randomly generated rewards, whose statistics depend on the options cho...
computer science
32,111
A Metric-learning based framework for Support Vector Machines and Multiple Kernel Learning
cs.LG
Most metric learning algorithms, as well as Fisher's Discriminant Analysis (FDA), optimize some cost function of different measures of within-and between-class distances. On the other hand, Support Vector Machines(SVMs) and several Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) algorithms are based on the SVM large margin theory. Rece...
computer science
32,112
Stochastic Bound Majorization
cs.LG
Recently a majorization method for optimizing partition functions of log-linear models was proposed alongside a novel quadratic variational upper-bound. In the batch setting, it outperformed state-of-the-art first- and second-order optimization methods on various learning tasks. We propose a stochastic version of this ...
computer science
32,113
A Kernel Classification Framework for Metric Learning
cs.LG
Learning a distance metric from the given training samples plays a crucial role in many machine learning tasks, and various models and optimization algorithms have been proposed in the past decade. In this paper, we generalize several state-of-the-art metric learning methods, such as large margin nearest neighbor (LMNN...
computer science
32,114
Fenchel Duals for Drifting Adversaries
cs.LG
We describe a primal-dual framework for the design and analysis of online convex optimization algorithms for {\em drifting regret}. Existing literature shows (nearly) optimal drifting regret bounds only for the $\ell_2$ and the $\ell_1$-norms. Our work provides a connection between these algorithms and the Online Mirro...
computer science
32,115
On Sampling from the Gibbs Distribution with Random Maximum A-Posteriori Perturbations
cs.LG
In this paper we describe how MAP inference can be used to sample efficiently from Gibbs distributions. Specifically, we provide means for drawing either approximate or unbiased samples from Gibbs' distributions by introducing low dimensional perturbations and solving the corresponding MAP assignments. Our approach als...
computer science
32,116
An Extensive Experimental Study on the Cluster-based Reference Set Reduction for speeding-up the k-NN Classifier
cs.LG
The k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) classification algorithm is one of the most widely-used lazy classifiers because of its simplicity and ease of implementation. It is considered to be an effective classifier and has many applications. However, its major drawback is that when sequential search is used to find the neighbors,...
computer science
32,117
On the Feature Discovery for App Usage Prediction in Smartphones
cs.LG
With the increasing number of mobile Apps developed, they are now closely integrated into daily life. In this paper, we develop a framework to predict mobile Apps that are most likely to be used regarding the current device status of a smartphone. Such an Apps usage prediction framework is a crucial prerequisite for fa...
computer science
32,118
Thompson Sampling for Budgeted Multi-armed Bandits
cs.LG
Thompson sampling is one of the earliest randomized algorithms for multi-armed bandits (MAB). In this paper, we extend the Thompson sampling to Budgeted MAB, where there is random cost for pulling an arm and the total cost is constrained by a budget. We start with the case of Bernoulli bandits, in which the random rewa...
computer science
32,119
Theory of Optimizing Pseudolinear Performance Measures: Application to F-measure
cs.LG
Non-linear performance measures are widely used for the evaluation of learning algorithms. For example, $F$-measure is a commonly used performance measure for classification problems in machine learning and information retrieval community. We study the theoretical properties of a subset of non-linear performance measur...
computer science
32,120
Can deep learning help you find the perfect match?
cs.LG
Is he/she my type or not? The answer to this question depends on the personal preferences of the one asking it. The individual process of obtaining a full answer may generally be difficult and time consuming, but often an approximate answer can be obtained simply by looking at a photo of the potential match. Such appro...
computer science
32,121
Reinforcement Learning Neural Turing Machines - Revised
cs.LG
The Neural Turing Machine (NTM) is more expressive than all previously considered models because of its external memory. It can be viewed as a broader effort to use abstract external Interfaces and to learn a parametric model that interacts with them. The capabilities of a model can be extended by providing it with p...
computer science
32,122
Reinforced Decision Trees
cs.LG
In order to speed-up classification models when facing a large number of categories, one usual approach consists in organizing the categories in a particular structure, this structure being then used as a way to speed-up the prediction computation. This is for example the case when using error-correcting codes or even ...
computer science
32,123
A Comprehensive Study On The Applications Of Machine Learning For Diagnosis Of Cancer
cs.LG
Collectively, lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma was diagnosed in over 535,340 people out of which, 209,400 deaths were reported [13]. It is estimated that over 600,000 people will be diagnosed with these forms of cancer in 2015. Most of the deaths from lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma result due to late de...
computer science
32,124
Learning and Optimization with Submodular Functions
cs.LG
In many naturally occurring optimization problems one needs to ensure that the definition of the optimization problem lends itself to solutions that are tractable to compute. In cases where exact solutions cannot be computed tractably, it is beneficial to have strong guarantees on the tractable approximate solutions. I...
computer science
32,125
A Survey of Predictive Modelling under Imbalanced Distributions
cs.LG
Many real world data mining applications involve obtaining predictive models using data sets with strongly imbalanced distributions of the target variable. Frequently, the least common values of this target variable are associated with events that are highly relevant for end users (e.g. fraud detection, unusual returns...
computer science
32,126
Bounded-Distortion Metric Learning
cs.LG
Metric learning aims to embed one metric space into another to benefit tasks like classification and clustering. Although a greatly distorted metric space has a high degree of freedom to fit training data, it is prone to overfitting and numerical inaccuracy. This paper presents {\it bounded-distortion metric learning} ...
computer science
32,127
Safe Screening for Multi-Task Feature Learning with Multiple Data Matrices
cs.LG
Multi-task feature learning (MTFL) is a powerful technique in boosting the predictive performance by learning multiple related classification/regression/clustering tasks simultaneously. However, solving the MTFL problem remains challenging when the feature dimension is extremely large. In this paper, we propose a novel...
computer science
32,128
Shrinkage degree in $L_2$-re-scale boosting for regression
cs.LG
Re-scale boosting (RBoosting) is a variant of boosting which can essentially improve the generalization performance of boosting learning. The key feature of RBoosting lies in introducing a shrinkage degree to re-scale the ensemble estimate in each gradient-descent step. Thus, the shrinkage degree determines the perform...
computer science
32,129
Ensemble of Example-Dependent Cost-Sensitive Decision Trees
cs.LG
Several real-world classification problems are example-dependent cost-sensitive in nature, where the costs due to misclassification vary between examples and not only within classes. However, standard classification methods do not take these costs into account, and assume a constant cost of misclassification errors. In...
computer science
32,130
Learning with a Drifting Target Concept
cs.LG
We study the problem of learning in the presence of a drifting target concept. Specifically, we provide bounds on the error rate at a given time, given a learner with access to a history of independent samples labeled according to a target concept that can change on each round. One of our main contributions is a refine...
computer science
32,131
Bounds on the Minimax Rate for Estimating a Prior over a VC Class from Independent Learning Tasks
cs.LG
We study the optimal rates of convergence for estimating a prior distribution over a VC class from a sequence of independent data sets respectively labeled by independent target functions sampled from the prior. We specifically derive upper and lower bounds on the optimal rates under a smoothness condition on the corre...
computer science
32,132
Safe Policy Search for Lifelong Reinforcement Learning with Sublinear Regret
cs.LG
Lifelong reinforcement learning provides a promising framework for developing versatile agents that can accumulate knowledge over a lifetime of experience and rapidly learn new tasks by building upon prior knowledge. However, current lifelong learning methods exhibit non-vanishing regret as the amount of experience inc...
computer science
32,133
Instant Learning: Parallel Deep Neural Networks and Convolutional Bootstrapping
cs.LG
Although deep neural networks (DNN) are able to scale with direct advances in computational power (e.g., memory and processing speed), they are not well suited to exploit the recent trends for parallel architectures. In particular, gradient descent is a sequential process and the resulting serial dependencies mean that...
computer science
32,134
Monotonic Calibrated Interpolated Look-Up Tables
cs.LG
Real-world machine learning applications may require functions that are fast-to-evaluate and interpretable. In particular, guaranteed monotonicity of the learned function can be critical to user trust. We propose meeting these goals for low-dimensional machine learning problems by learning flexible, monotonic functions...
computer science
32,135
Domain Adaptation Extreme Learning Machines for Drift Compensation in E-nose Systems
cs.LG
This paper addresses an important issue, known as sensor drift that behaves a nonlinear dynamic property in electronic nose (E-nose), from the viewpoint of machine learning. Traditional methods for drift compensation are laborious and costly due to the frequent acquisition and labeling process for gases samples recalib...
computer science
32,136
Efficient Elastic Net Regularization for Sparse Linear Models
cs.LG
This paper presents an algorithm for efficient training of sparse linear models with elastic net regularization. Extending previous work on delayed updates, the new algorithm applies stochastic gradient updates to non-zero features only, bringing weights current as needed with closed-form updates. Closed-form delayed u...
computer science
32,137
Differentially Private Distributed Online Learning
cs.LG
Online learning has been in the spotlight from the machine learning society for a long time. To handle massive data in Big Data era, one single learner could never efficiently finish this heavy task. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel distributed online learning algorithm to solve the problem. Comparing to typica...
computer science
32,138
Fantasy Football Prediction
cs.LG
The ubiquity of professional sports and specifically the NFL have lead to an increase in popularity for Fantasy Football. Users have many tools at their disposal: statistics, predictions, rankings of experts and even recommendations of peers. There are issues with all of these, though. Especially since many people pay ...
computer science
32,139
Learning with Symmetric Label Noise: The Importance of Being Unhinged
cs.LG
Convex potential minimisation is the de facto approach to binary classification. However, Long and Servedio [2010] proved that under symmetric label noise (SLN), minimisation of any convex potential over a linear function class can result in classification performance equivalent to random guessing. This ostensibly show...
computer science
32,140
Topic Model Based Multi-Label Classification from the Crowd
cs.LG
Multi-label classification is a common supervised machine learning problem where each instance is associated with multiple classes. The key challenge in this problem is learning the correlations between the classes. An additional challenge arises when the labels of the training instances are provided by noisy, heteroge...
computer science
32,141
Towards Label Imbalance in Multi-label Classification with Many Labels
cs.LG
In multi-label classification, an instance may be associated with a set of labels simultaneously. Recently, the research on multi-label classification has largely shifted its focus to the other end of the spectrum where the number of labels is assumed to be extremely large. The existing works focus on how to design sca...
computer science
32,142
Self-Paced Multi-Task Learning
cs.LG
In this paper, we propose a novel multi-task learning (MTL) framework, called Self-Paced Multi-Task Learning (SPMTL). Different from previous works treating all tasks and instances equally when training, SPMTL attempts to jointly learn the tasks by taking into consideration the complexities of both tasks and instances....
computer science
32,143
Simple and Efficient Learning using Privileged Information
cs.LG
The Support Vector Machine using Privileged Information (SVM+) has been proposed to train a classifier to utilize the additional privileged information that is only available in the training phase but not available in the test phase. In this work, we propose an efficient solution for SVM+ by simply utilizing the square...
computer science
32,144
Relationship between Variants of One-Class Nearest Neighbours and Creating their Accurate Ensembles
cs.LG
In one-class classification problems, only the data for the target class is available, whereas the data for the non-target class may be completely absent. In this paper, we study one-class nearest neighbour (OCNN) classifiers and their different variants. We present a theoretical analysis to show the relationships amon...
computer science
32,145
Generalising the Discriminative Restricted Boltzmann Machine
cs.LG
We present a novel theoretical result that generalises the Discriminative Restricted Boltzmann Machine (DRBM). While originally the DRBM was defined assuming the {0, 1}-Bernoulli distribution in each of its hidden units, this result makes it possible to derive cost functions for variants of the DRBM that utilise other ...
computer science
32,146
Efficient Globally Convergent Stochastic Optimization for Canonical Correlation Analysis
cs.LG
We study the stochastic optimization of canonical correlation analysis (CCA), whose objective is nonconvex and does not decouple over training samples. Although several stochastic gradient based optimization algorithms have been recently proposed to solve this problem, no global convergence guarantee was provided by an...
computer science
32,147
Probabilistic classifiers with low rank indefinite kernels
cs.LG
Indefinite similarity measures can be frequently found in bio-informatics by means of alignment scores, but are also common in other fields like shape measures in image retrieval. Lacking an underlying vector space, the data are given as pairwise similarities only. The few algorithms available for such data do not scal...
computer science
32,148
Online Learning of Portfolio Ensembles with Sector Exposure Regularization
cs.LG
We consider online learning of ensembles of portfolio selection algorithms and aim to regularize risk by encouraging diversification with respect to a predefined risk-driven grouping of stocks. Our procedure uses online convex optimization to control capital allocation to underlying investment algorithms while encourag...
computer science
32,149
Optimal Margin Distribution Machine
cs.LG
Support vector machine (SVM) has been one of the most popular learning algorithms, with the central idea of maximizing the minimum margin, i.e., the smallest distance from the instances to the classification boundary. Recent theoretical results, however, disclosed that maximizing the minimum margin does not necessarily...
computer science
32,150
Animation and Chirplet-Based Development of a PIR Sensor Array for Intruder Classification in an Outdoor Environment
cs.LG
This paper presents the development of a passive infra-red sensor tower platform along with a classification algorithm to distinguish between human intrusion, animal intrusion and clutter arising from wind-blown vegetative movement in an outdoor environment. The research was aimed at exploring the potential use of wire...
computer science
32,151
Max-Information, Differential Privacy, and Post-Selection Hypothesis Testing
cs.LG
In this paper, we initiate a principled study of how the generalization properties of approximate differential privacy can be used to perform adaptive hypothesis testing, while giving statistically valid $p$-value corrections. We do this by observing that the guarantees of algorithms with bounded approximate max-inform...
computer science
32,152
Theoretically-Grounded Policy Advice from Multiple Teachers in Reinforcement Learning Settings with Applications to Negative Transfer
cs.LG
Policy advice is a transfer learning method where a student agent is able to learn faster via advice from a teacher. However, both this and other reinforcement learning transfer methods have little theoretical analysis. This paper formally defines a setting where multiple teacher agents can provide advice to a student ...
computer science
32,153
Multi-Source Multi-View Clustering via Discrepancy Penalty
cs.LG
With the advance of technology, entities can be observed in multiple views. Multiple views containing different types of features can be used for clustering. Although multi-view clustering has been successfully applied in many applications, the previous methods usually assume the complete instance mapping between diffe...
computer science
32,154
Modeling Electrical Daily Demand in Presence of PHEVs in Smart Grids with Supervised Learning
cs.LG
Replacing a portion of current light duty vehicles (LDV) with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) offers the possibility to reduce the dependence on petroleum fuels together with environmental and economic benefits. The charging activity of PHEVs will certainly introduce new load to the power grid. In the framewor...
computer science
32,155
Mahalanobis Distance Metric Learning Algorithm for Instance-based Data Stream Classification
cs.LG
With the massive data challenges nowadays and the rapid growing of technology, stream mining has recently received considerable attention. To address the large number of scenarios in which this phenomenon manifests itself suitable tools are required in various research fields. Instance-based data stream algorithms gene...
computer science
32,156
Risk-Averse Multi-Armed Bandit Problems under Mean-Variance Measure
cs.LG
The multi-armed bandit problems have been studied mainly under the measure of expected total reward accrued over a horizon of length $T$. In this paper, we address the issue of risk in multi-armed bandit problems and develop parallel results under the measure of mean-variance, a commonly adopted risk measure in economi...
computer science
32,157
Comparative Study of Instance Based Learning and Back Propagation for Classification Problems
cs.LG
The paper presents a comparative study of the performance of Back Propagation and Instance Based Learning Algorithm for classification tasks. The study is carried out by a series of experiments will all possible combinations of parameter values for the algorithms under evaluation. The algorithm's classification accurac...
computer science
32,158
Greedy Criterion in Orthogonal Greedy Learning
cs.LG
Orthogonal greedy learning (OGL) is a stepwise learning scheme that starts with selecting a new atom from a specified dictionary via the steepest gradient descent (SGD) and then builds the estimator through orthogonal projection. In this paper, we find that SGD is not the unique greedy criterion and introduce a new gre...
computer science
32,159
Embedded all relevant feature selection with Random Ferns
cs.LG
Many machine learning methods can produce variable importance scores expressing the usability of each feature in context of the produced model; those scores on their own are yet not sufficient to generate feature selection, especially when an all relevant selection is required. Although there are wrapper methods aiming...
computer science
32,160
Nonextensive information theoretical machine
cs.LG
In this paper, we propose a new discriminative model named \emph{nonextensive information theoretical machine (NITM)} based on nonextensive generalization of Shannon information theory. In NITM, weight parameters are treated as random variables. Tsallis divergence is used to regularize the distribution of weight parame...
computer science
32,161
The Extended Littlestone's Dimension for Learning with Mistakes and Abstentions
cs.LG
This paper studies classification with an abstention option in the online setting. In this setting, examples arrive sequentially, the learner is given a hypothesis class $\mathcal H$, and the goal of the learner is to either predict a label on each example or abstain, while ensuring that it does not make more than a pr...
computer science
32,162
Training Deep Nets with Sublinear Memory Cost
cs.LG
We propose a systematic approach to reduce the memory consumption of deep neural network training. Specifically, we design an algorithm that costs O(sqrt(n)) memory to train a n layer network, with only the computational cost of an extra forward pass per mini-batch. As many of the state-of-the-art models hit the upper ...
computer science
32,163
Clustering with Missing Features: A Penalized Dissimilarity Measure based approach
cs.LG
Many real-world clustering problems are plagued by incomplete data characterized by missing or absent features for some or all of the data instances. Traditional clustering methods cannot be directly applied to such data without preprocessing by imputation or marginalization techniques. In this article, we put forth th...
computer science
32,164
Entity Embeddings of Categorical Variables
cs.LG
We map categorical variables in a function approximation problem into Euclidean spaces, which are the entity embeddings of the categorical variables. The mapping is learned by a neural network during the standard supervised training process. Entity embedding not only reduces memory usage and speeds up neural networks c...
computer science
32,165
On the Sample Complexity of End-to-end Training vs. Semantic Abstraction Training
cs.LG
We compare the end-to-end training approach to a modular approach in which a system is decomposed into semantically meaningful components. We focus on the sample complexity aspect, in the regime where an extremely high accuracy is necessary, as is the case in autonomous driving applications. We demonstrate cases in whi...
computer science
32,166
Deep Learning with Eigenvalue Decay Regularizer
cs.LG
This paper extends our previous work on regularization of neural networks using Eigenvalue Decay by employing a soft approximation of the dominant eigenvalue in order to enable the calculation of its derivatives in relation to the synaptic weights, and therefore the application of back-propagation, which is a primary d...
computer science
32,167
Unsupervised Representation Learning of Structured Radio Communication Signals
cs.LG
We explore unsupervised representation learning of radio communication signals in raw sampled time series representation. We demonstrate that we can learn modulation basis functions using convolutional autoencoders and visually recognize their relationship to the analytic bases used in digital communications. We also p...
computer science
32,168
Learning Arbitrary Sum-Product Network Leaves with Expectation-Maximization
cs.LG
Sum-Product Networks with complex probability distribution at the leaves have been shown to be powerful tractable-inference probabilistic models. However, while learning the internal parameters has been amply studied, learning complex leaf distribution is an open problem with only few results available in special cases...
computer science
32,169
F-measure Maximization in Multi-Label Classification with Conditionally Independent Label Subsets
cs.LG
We discuss a method to improve the exact F-measure maximization algorithm called GFM, proposed in (Dembczynski et al. 2011) for multi-label classification, assuming the label set can be can partitioned into conditionally independent subsets given the input features. If the labels were all independent, the estimation of...
computer science
32,170
MetaGrad: Multiple Learning Rates in Online Learning
cs.LG
In online convex optimization it is well known that certain subclasses of objective functions are much easier than arbitrary convex functions. We are interested in designing adaptive methods that can automatically get fast rates in as many such subclasses as possible, without any manual tuning. Previous adaptive method...
computer science
32,171
Contextual Bandit Learning with Predictable Rewards
cs.LG
Contextual bandit learning is a reinforcement learning problem where the learner repeatedly receives a set of features (context), takes an action and receives a reward based on the action and context. We consider this problem under a realizability assumption: there exists a function in a (known) function class, always ...
computer science
32,172
On the Performance of Maximum Likelihood Inverse Reinforcement Learning
cs.LG
Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) addresses the problem of recovering a task description given a demonstration of the optimal policy used to solve such a task. The optimal policy is usually provided by an expert or teacher, making IRL specially suitable for the problem of apprenticeship learning. The task descriptio...
computer science
32,173
PAC Bounds for Discounted MDPs
cs.LG
We study upper and lower bounds on the sample-complexity of learning near-optimal behaviour in finite-state discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). For the upper bound we make the assumption that each action leads to at most two possible next-states and prove a new bound for a UCRL-style algorithm on the number of...
computer science
32,174
Confusion Matrix Stability Bounds for Multiclass Classification
cs.LG
In this paper, we provide new theoretical results on the generalization properties of learning algorithms for multiclass classification problems. The originality of our work is that we propose to use the confusion matrix of a classifier as a measure of its quality; our contribution is in the line of work which attempts...
computer science
32,175
An Optimization Framework for Semi-Supervised and Transfer Learning using Multiple Classifiers and Clusterers
cs.LG
Unsupervised models can provide supplementary soft constraints to help classify new, "target" data since similar instances in the target set are more likely to share the same class label. Such models can also help detect possible differences between training and target distributions, which is useful in applications whe...
computer science
32,176
Comparison of the C4.5 and a Naive Bayes Classifier for the Prediction of Lung Cancer Survivability
cs.LG
Numerous data mining techniques have been developed to extract information and identify patterns and predict trends from large data sets. In this study, two classification techniques, the J48 implementation of the C4.5 algorithm and a Naive Bayes classifier are applied to predict lung cancer survivability from an exten...
computer science
32,177
Cumulative Step-size Adaptation on Linear Functions: Technical Report
cs.LG
The CSA-ES is an Evolution Strategy with Cumulative Step size Adaptation, where the step size is adapted measuring the length of a so-called cumulative path. The cumulative path is a combination of the previous steps realized by the algorithm, where the importance of each step decreases with time. This article studies ...
computer science
32,178
Communication-Efficient Parallel Belief Propagation for Latent Dirichlet Allocation
cs.LG
This paper presents a novel communication-efficient parallel belief propagation (CE-PBP) algorithm for training latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). Based on the synchronous belief propagation (BP) algorithm, we first develop a parallel belief propagation (PBP) algorithm on the parallel architecture. Because the extensiv...
computer science
32,179
Clustered Bandits
cs.LG
We consider a multi-armed bandit setting that is inspired by real-world applications in e-commerce. In our setting, there are a few types of users, each with a specific response to the different arms. When a user enters the system, his type is unknown to the decision maker. The decision maker can either treat each user...
computer science
32,180
Exact Soft Confidence-Weighted Learning
cs.LG
In this paper, we propose a new Soft Confidence-Weighted (SCW) online learning scheme, which enables the conventional confidence-weighted learning method to handle non-separable cases. Unlike the previous confidence-weighted learning algorithms, the proposed soft confidence-weighted learning method enjoys all the four ...
computer science
32,181
Inductive Kernel Low-rank Decomposition with Priors: A Generalized Nystrom Method
cs.LG
Low-rank matrix decomposition has gained great popularity recently in scaling up kernel methods to large amounts of data. However, some limitations could prevent them from working effectively in certain domains. For example, many existing approaches are intrinsically unsupervised, which does not incorporate side inform...
computer science
32,182
Path Integral Policy Improvement with Covariance Matrix Adaptation
cs.LG
There has been a recent focus in reinforcement learning on addressing continuous state and action problems by optimizing parameterized policies. PI2 is a recent example of this approach. It combines a derivation from first principles of stochastic optimal control with tools from statistical estimation theory. In this p...
computer science
32,183
Optimizing F-measure: A Tale of Two Approaches
cs.LG
F-measures are popular performance metrics, particularly for tasks with imbalanced data sets. Algorithms for learning to maximize F-measures follow two approaches: the empirical utility maximization (EUM) approach learns a classifier having optimal performance on training data, while the decision-theoretic approach lea...
computer science
32,184
Multiple Kernel Learning from Noisy Labels by Stochastic Programming
cs.LG
We study the problem of multiple kernel learning from noisy labels. This is in contrast to most of the previous studies on multiple kernel learning that mainly focus on developing efficient algorithms and assume perfectly labeled training examples. Directly applying the existing multiple kernel learning algorithms to n...
computer science
32,185
Efficient Decomposed Learning for Structured Prediction
cs.LG
Structured prediction is the cornerstone of several machine learning applications. Unfortunately, in structured prediction settings with expressive inter-variable interactions, exact inference-based learning algorithms, e.g. Structural SVM, are often intractable. We present a new way, Decomposed Learning (DecL), which ...
computer science
32,186
Two-Manifold Problems with Applications to Nonlinear System Identification
cs.LG
Recently, there has been much interest in spectral approaches to learning manifolds---so-called kernel eigenmap methods. These methods have had some successes, but their applicability is limited because they are not robust to noise. To address this limitation, we look at two-manifold problems, in which we simultaneousl...
computer science
32,187
Modelling transition dynamics in MDPs with RKHS embeddings
cs.LG
We propose a new, nonparametric approach to learning and representing transition dynamics in Markov decision processes (MDPs), which can be combined easily with dynamic programming methods for policy optimisation and value estimation. This approach makes use of a recently developed representation of conditional distrib...
computer science
32,188
Learning with Augmented Features for Heterogeneous Domain Adaptation
cs.LG
We propose a new learning method for heterogeneous domain adaptation (HDA), in which the data from the source domain and the target domain are represented by heterogeneous features with different dimensions. Using two different projection matrices, we first transform the data from two domains into a common subspace in ...
computer science
32,189
Marginalized Denoising Autoencoders for Domain Adaptation
cs.LG
Stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAs) have been successfully used to learn new representations for domain adaptation. Recently, they have attained record accuracy on standard benchmark tasks of sentiment analysis across different text domains. SDAs learn robust data representations by reconstruction, recovering origina...
computer science
32,190
Dynamic Pricing under Finite Space Demand Uncertainty: A Multi-Armed Bandit with Dependent Arms
cs.LG
We consider a dynamic pricing problem under unknown demand models. In this problem a seller offers prices to a stream of customers and observes either success or failure in each sale attempt. The underlying demand model is unknown to the seller and can take one of N possible forms. In this paper, we show that this prob...
computer science
32,191
Practical recommendations for gradient-based training of deep architectures
cs.LG
Learning algorithms related to artificial neural networks and in particular for Deep Learning may seem to involve many bells and whistles, called hyper-parameters. This chapter is meant as a practical guide with recommendations for some of the most commonly used hyper-parameters, in particular in the context of learnin...
computer science
32,192
Representation Learning: A Review and New Perspectives
cs.LG
The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind the data. Although specific domain knowledge can be used to help design represen...
computer science
32,193
Graph Based Classification Methods Using Inaccurate External Classifier Information
cs.LG
In this paper we consider the problem of collectively classifying entities where relational information is available across the entities. In practice inaccurate class distribution for each entity is often available from another (external) classifier. For example this distribution could come from a classifier built usin...
computer science
32,194
Learning Neighborhoods for Metric Learning
cs.LG
Metric learning methods have been shown to perform well on different learning tasks. Many of them rely on target neighborhood relationships that are computed in the original feature space and remain fixed throughout learning. As a result, the learned metric reflects the original neighborhood relations. We propose a nov...
computer science
32,195
Advances in Optimizing Recurrent Networks
cs.LG
After a more than decade-long period of relatively little research activity in the area of recurrent neural networks, several new developments will be reviewed here that have allowed substantial progress both in understanding and in technical solutions towards more efficient training of recurrent networks. These advanc...
computer science
32,196
High-dimensional sequence transduction
cs.LG
We investigate the problem of transforming an input sequence into a high-dimensional output sequence in order to transcribe polyphonic audio music into symbolic notation. We introduce a probabilistic model based on a recurrent neural network that is able to learn realistic output distributions given the input and we de...
computer science
32,197
Cost-Sensitive Feature Selection of Data with Errors
cs.LG
In data mining applications, feature selection is an essential process since it reduces a model's complexity. The cost of obtaining the feature values must be taken into consideration in many domains. In this paper, we study the cost-sensitive feature selection problem on numerical data with measurement errors, test co...
computer science
32,198
Learning efficient sparse and low rank models
cs.LG
Parsimony, including sparsity and low rank, has been shown to successfully model data in numerous machine learning and signal processing tasks. Traditionally, such modeling approaches rely on an iterative algorithm that minimizes an objective function with parsimony-promoting terms. The inherently sequential structure ...
computer science
32,199
Analysis of Large-scale Traffic Dynamics using Non-negative Tensor Factorization
cs.LG
In this paper, we present our work on clustering and prediction of temporal dynamics of global congestion configurations in large-scale road networks. Instead of looking into temporal traffic state variation of individual links, or of small areas, we focus on spatial congestion configurations of the whole network. In o...
computer science
32,200
Hybrid Fuzzy-ART based K-Means Clustering Methodology to Cellular Manufacturing Using Operational Time
cs.LG
This paper presents a new hybrid Fuzzy-ART based K-Means Clustering technique to solve the part machine grouping problem in cellular manufacturing systems considering operational time. The performance of the proposed technique is tested with problems from open literature and the results are compared to the existing clu...
computer science
32,201
ADADELTA: An Adaptive Learning Rate Method
cs.LG
We present a novel per-dimension learning rate method for gradient descent called ADADELTA. The method dynamically adapts over time using only first order information and has minimal computational overhead beyond vanilla stochastic gradient descent. The method requires no manual tuning of a learning rate and appears ro...
computer science