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Scottish born actress For another person, see Ella Blaylock Atherton (/wiki/Ella_Blaylock_Atherton) . Ella Atherton Born 11 September 1905 Edinburgh Died May 1995 North Surrey Other names H.H. Maharani Ella Devi Sahiba, Ella Devi Rajpipla, Ella Anderson Spouse Sir Vijayasinhji Chhatrasinhji (/wiki/Vijayasinhji_Chhatrasinhji) ( m. 1940) Children 2 Relatives Effie Atherton (/wiki/Effie_Atherton) (sister) Ella Atherton (11 September 1905 – May 1995) was a Scottish-born actress, fashion model, [1] (#cite_note-Atherton-model-1) horse breeder, and Socialite (/wiki/Socialite) , who married an Indian maharaja (/wiki/Maharaja) , Vijayasinhji Chhatrasinhji (/wiki/Vijayasinhji_Chhatrasinhji) in 1940. After marriage, she was also known as Ila Devi Rajpipla ; Maharani Ella Devi of Rajpipla or H.H. Maharani Ella Devi Sahiba . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life [ edit ] Atherton was born in Edinburgh (/wiki/Edinburgh) under the name of Ella Anderson. Atherton was her chosen stage name and immigration records to the United States and the Far East indicate that her younger sister Effie, [4] (#cite_note-4) who was born as Euphemia Walker Anderson in Edinburgh on 3 July 1907, also took on the Atherton name, becoming Effie Atherton (/wiki/Effie_Atherton) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Career [ edit ] Atherton was a silent movie (/wiki/Silent_film) actress, known for her role in The First Born (1928) (/wiki/The_First_Born_(1928_film)) as Nina de Lande, [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) with Madeleine Carroll (/wiki/Madeleine_Carroll) , Miles Mander (/wiki/Miles_Mander) and John Loder (/wiki/John_Loder_(actor)) ; directed by Miles Mander for Gainsborough Pictures (/wiki/Gainsborough_Pictures) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The success of this silent film, resulted her being the leading actress in Human Cargo (1929) as Sylvia Frescar, alongside David Dunbar (/wiki/David_Dunbar_(actor)) . [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) She was also a successful British fashion model. [1] (#cite_note-Atherton-model-1) She soon abandoned her acting career, becoming a socialite, catching the attention of an Indian prince, and accompanying him to public events. [14] (#cite_note-14) By 1938, as a horse breeder, she was referring to herself as Ella A, of Rajpipla. One of her horses, her namesake competed at the Newbury Races. [15] (#cite_note-15) This extended courtship with a ruler of a princely state involved pursuing other interests, outside of her former acting and modelling profession. As an unofficial consort, she hosted visiting dignitaries and accompanied the maharaja to events overseas, such as the 1939 New York World's Fair (/wiki/1939_New_York_World%27s_Fair) . [16] (#cite_note-16) There were also annual visits to the British Raj (/wiki/British_Raj) , which extended over 5–6 months. Some respite from her obligations as a host included tiger hunting, in what is now the Satpura Tiger Reserve (/wiki/Satpura_Tiger_Reserve) . [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) During World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) she was active in raising funds, and made regular personal donations to the British War Relief Society (/wiki/British_War_Relief_Society) . [19] (#cite_note-19) As a widow, for over two decades, she continued her husband’s legacy as a quality breeder of racing horses, in her own name, as Ella Devi of Rajpipla. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) Personal [ edit ] Indrajit-Padmini Mahal, one of Ella Devi Rajpipla's homes in India. Atherton became a long term companion of Maharana Vijayasinhji Chhatrasinhji [22] (#cite_note-22) Maharaja of Rajpipla (/wiki/Rajpipla) [23] (#cite_note-23) prior to 1933, and resided at the Indrajit-Padmini Mahal, or Vadia Palace between 1934 and 1939, spending summers with in England. [24] (#cite_note-24) The Epsom Derby (/wiki/Epsom_Derby) was a key event in her social diary. [25] (#cite_note-25) Atherton married the Maharaja at a ceremony at the Devchhatra (Devastra) Hill and ancient fort in Rajpipla (/wiki/Rajpipla) , on 5 January 1940. This area is now incorporated within the Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (/wiki/Shoolpaneshwar_Wildlife_Sanctuary) . She was his third wife and took the Hindu name of Maharini Ella Devi Sahiba; however was also referred to as Ella Devi Rajpipla or Maharani Ella Devi. Atherton was considered at the time of their marriage to be one of the most beautiful women in the British Isles. [26] (#cite_note-Atherton-26) Her husband, when they met in the early 1930s had long been an accomplished polo (/wiki/Polo) player; owner of the Rajpipla Polo Team, a wealthy and influential Anglophile, and the only maharaja to meet President Warren G. Harding (/wiki/Warren_G._Harding) during his term in office. He had invested heavily in various infrastructure projects in India and received a knighthood from King George V (/wiki/George_V) in the 1925 New Year Honours (/wiki/1925_New_Year_Honours) ; Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India (KCSI). His support for the war effort was commended. This was followed by a GBE (Knight Grand Cross) on 1 January 1945. [27] (#cite_note-27) On an international level, he was a socialite, a successful race horse owner, and winner of the first Indian Derby (/wiki/Indian_Derby) then known as the Country Bred Derby with Tipster, the Irish Derby (/wiki/Irish_Derby) in 1926 with Embargo; [28] (#cite_note-28) and the Epsom Derby (/wiki/Epsom_Derby) with Windsor Lad (/wiki/Windsor_Lad) in 1934. [29] (#cite_note-29) Atherton referred to him as ‘Pip’, a name coined by Martin H. Benson (/wiki/Martin_H._Benson) . In 1940 her son “Pippy”, Prince Rajsingh was born. [30] (#cite_note-30) A term of endearment was inherited. When not entertaining high society friends, such as the Aga Khan III (/wiki/Aga_Khan_III) and British aristocracy at their home in Old Windsor (/wiki/Old_Windsor) , Berkshire (/wiki/Berkshire) ; a 27-roomed Victorian mansion located on Church Road, they were both active within the UK social season (/wiki/Social_season_(United_Kingdom)) from April to August each year. In the advent of Indian Independence, her husband ceased to be the ruler of the ancient Princely state (/wiki/Princely_state) of Rajpipla until Indian statehood in 1948. Although they visited India frequently, and titles were retained, the UK became their primary residence. Prior to Indian Independence, it had been necessary for Atherton to prove her marital status to the British authorities. These records dating from 1945 to 1946 are held by the UK National Archives. [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) After Indian independence (/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947) , Maharani Ella Devi, continued to mix within European high society circles, attending events with her husband, including the Epsom races. She was a regular at the summer circuit of charity events and gala evenings in the South of France; seen here attending a gala evening at a casino in Deauville (/wiki/Deauville) , France. [33] (#cite_note-33) They also travelled to the United States. Her daughter, Princess Premila of Rajpipla was born in 1949, [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) and was educated at Heathfield School, Ascot, and later became a fashion model, a businesswoman and a socialite. [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) Her husband died suddenly on 29 April 1951, at their home in Old Windsor. [38] (#cite_note-38) Her son went on to be educated at Westminster School and pursued a career in journalism. He was introduced to the turf by his father at a very young age, and subsequently inherited a passion for horse racing. [39] (#cite_note-39) As a widow, she still had the choice of being called Her Highness or Lady Rajpipla. [26] (#cite_note-Atherton-26) In later years, she continued to entertain, eventually retreating from society, dying at the age of 89, in Surrey (/wiki/Surrey) during May 1995. [40] (#cite_note-40) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Ella Atherton modeling in 1930" (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152811628) . Getty Images . 1930. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200723165059/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152811628) from the original on 23 July 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Ella Hh Manaram of Rajpipla Atherton in the 1939 England and Wales Register" (https://www.ancestry.co.uk/discoveryui-content/view/1150451:61596?tid=&pid=&queryId=4c6d7ab6e393bd9378dee948847f3176&_phsrc=nrJ6&_phstart=successSource) . Ancestry.com . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Maharani Ella Devi" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharani-ella-devi-of-rajpipla-at-the-manor-her-residence-news-photo/152811585) . Getty Images . 1940. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211018135309/https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharani-ella-devi-of-rajpipla-at-the-manor-her-residence-news-photo/152811585) from the original on 18 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Effie Atherton, Ella's sister pursued a longer acting career than her sister Ella" (https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/stage-actresses-effie-atherton-and-queenie-leonard-ready-news-photo/3367430) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Portrait of her sister Effie" (https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp131155/effie-atherton-effie-landau) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Effie Atherton DOB and audio" (https://secondhandsongs.com/artist/107996) . SecondHandSongs . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Films by her sister. Incoming passenger lists revealed that Ella Atherton traveled to the USA with her sister over this period" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200604202033/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba251722a) . Archived from the original (https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba251722a) on 4 June 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "The First Born (1928)" (http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/1366436/credits.html) . Screen Online . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090908001945/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/1366436/credits.html) from the original on 8 September 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Ella Atherton, cast of The First Born (1928)" (https://mubi.com/cast/ella-atherton) . www.mubi.com . ^ (#cite_ref-10) The First Born (1928 poster, Swedish Version) . Swedish Movie Posters. 2006. p. 29. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781599670614 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "The First Born (complete film)" (https://rarefilmm.com/2019/02/the-first-born-1928/) . www.rarefilmm.com . 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Ella Atherton" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200723162835/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bafc0a8ce) . BFI . Archived from the original (https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bafc0a8ce) on 23 July 2020 . Retrieved 23 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Ella Atherton, cast list for Human Cargo (1929)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180909221936/https://filmography.bfi.org.uk/film/150191742) . Archived from the original (https://filmography.bfi.org.uk/film/150191742) on 9 September 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Ella Atherton at Epsom Downs" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharajah-vijayasinhji-of-rajpipla-with-friends-at-epsom-news-photo/152959619) . Getty Images . 1935. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211018161601/https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharajah-vijayasinhji-of-rajpipla-with-friends-at-epsom-news-photo/152959619) from the original on 18 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Newbury Results, Oct. 24" (https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Newspapers&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=1&docId=GALE%7CCS84357976&docType=Sports+news&sort=Pub+Date+Forward+Chron&contentSegment=ZTMA-MOD1&prodId=TTDA&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCS84357976&searchId=R6&userGroupName=wikipedia&inPS=true) . The Times Newspapers Limited. 1938. p. 5. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Dining with Bergdorf Goodman, and spouse in New York City" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/mr-and-mrs-bergdorf-goodman-dining-with-maharajah-news-photo/152812798) . Getty Images . 1939. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211018160410/https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/mr-and-mrs-bergdorf-goodman-dining-with-maharajah-news-photo/152812798) from the original on 18 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Indian Tiger (solo picture) Hunt" (http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152958436) . Getty Images . 1939. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151113085239/http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152958436) from the original on 13 November 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Indian Tiger (group photo) Hunt" (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152959789) . Getty Images . 1939. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211018202335/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152959789) from the original on 18 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "War Relief Fund, advertisement, Oct. 16" (https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Newspapers&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=5&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=4&docId=GALE%7CCS152648016&docType=Advertisement&sort=Pub+Date+Forward+Chron&contentSegment=ZTMA-MOD1&prodId=TTDA&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCS152648016&searchId=R3&userGroupName=wikipedia&inPS=true) . The Times Newspapers. 1941. p. 9. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Sandringham II (Owner: Ella Devi of Rajpipla)" (https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Newspapers&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=14&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=9&docId=GALE%7CCS168645446&docType=Sports+news&sort=Pub+Date+Forward+Chron&contentSegment=ZTMA-MOD1&prodId=TTDA&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCS168645446&searchId=R1&userGroupName=wikipedia&inPS=true) . The Times, Oct. 6. 1954. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Wood Cot (Owner: Ella Devi of Rajpipla)" (https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS67331982/TTDA?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=c94ee602) . From Our Racing Correspondent. The London Times, Dec 14. 1964. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Maharana Shri Sir Vijayasinhji Chhatrasinhji, Maharaja of Rajpipla" (https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp59610/maharana-shri-sir-vijayasinhji-chhatrasinhji-maharaja-of-rajpipla) National Portrait Gallery. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Rajpipla: Princely State" (http://www.indianrajputs.com/view/rajpipla) . Indian Rajputs . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140203134658/http://www.indianrajputs.com:80/view/rajpipla) from the original on 3 February 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Ella Atherton sat on the steps with a sari" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152811629) . Getty Images . 1933. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200629000408/https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152811629) from the original on 29 June 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Pip loses to the Aga Khan" (https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-may-27-1936-2758457/) . La Crosse Tribune and Leader Press,May 27. 1936. ^ a b "The wedding of the week" (https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/490420397/) . New York Daily News, February 11. 1982. p. 12. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "The Maharaja and the Derby" (https://eehe.org.uk/?p=68675) . Epsom and Ewell History Explorer (EEHE). ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Maharaja's horse wins Irish Derby; Embargo" (https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/06/24/98383803.html?pageNumber=14) . The New York Times, June 24. 1926. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "The Rajpipla maharaja who bagged the Derby" (https://www.asian-voice.com/Opinion/Columnists/The-Rajpipla-State-even-defeated-Aurangzeb) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Suzy says" (https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-aug-04-1976-2757490/) . Syracuse Herald Journal, August 4. 1976. ^ (#cite_ref-31) "File 215-P(S)/1945 Alleged marriage of H.H. the Maharaja of Rajpipla with a woman known as Ellen Atherton" (https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/3e34db9e-886f-4cf1-9424-ee48971dadc5) . 1945. ^ (#cite_ref-32) "File 215-P(S)/1946 Alleged marriage of H.H. the Maharaja of Rajpipla with a woman known as Ellen Atherton" (https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/da691fcc-6221-4bf9-8a89-27b628debee6) . 1946. ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Maharani Ella Devi" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharani-ella-devi-of-rajpipla-arriving-for-a-gala-evening-news-photo/152812739) . Getty Images . 1948. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211018140305/https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/maharani-ella-devi-of-rajpipla-arriving-for-a-gala-evening-news-photo/152812739) from the original on 18 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Birth of daughter of Maharana Ella Devi" (https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS101402768/TTDA?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=a28e58b1) . Court Circular. The London Times, 16 Apr. 1949. p. 6. ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Birth of Princess Premila, the daughter of Maharana Ella Devi" (https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Newspapers&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=14&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=7&docId=GALE%7CCS16992400&docType=Birth+announcement&sort=Pub+Date+Forward+Chron&contentSegment=ZTMA-MOD1&prodId=TTDA&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCS16992400&searchId=R1&userGroupName=wikipedia&inPS=true) . The Times, 16 Apr. 1949. ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Princess Premila" (https://www.gettyimages.co.nz/detail/news-photo/model-princess-premila-of-rajpipla-poses-with-champagne-at-news-photo/613498970) . 1969. ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Lady Eden's party in 1997" (https://www.tatler.com/gallery/lady-edens-party) . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "Claim Notice by Solicitors" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/39453/supplement/691) . The London Gazette, supplement 39453, 1 February. 1952. p. 691. ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Suzy says" (https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-feb-16-1982-2758306/) . Syracuse Herald Journal, February 16. 1982. ^ (#cite_ref-40) "England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916–2007" (https://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=7579&h=986328&tid=&pid=&queryId=a1c8d843c105bdffdbbdc01137c9e607&usePUB=true&_phsrc=vjy2&_phstart=successSource) . Ancestry.com . Further reading [ edit ] Ewan, E., Innes, S., Reynolds, S., & Pipes, R. (Eds.). (2007). The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women: From the Earliest Times to 2004. Edinburgh University Press. External links [ edit ] A 1930 photograph of Ella Atherton (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/scottish-born-silent-film-actress-and-model-ella-atherton-news-photo/152811628) , at Getty Images (/wiki/Getty_Images) . Ella Atherton (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0040455/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/311684060) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1062069358) People Deutsche Biographie (https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd1062069358.html?language=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐m4lns Cached time: 20240720000051 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.576 seconds Real time usage: 0.748 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3512/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 71975/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3268/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 148275/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.362/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7252139/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 702.145 1 -total 37.46% 263.000 1 Template:Reflist 30.97% 217.435 38 Template:Cite_web 24.96% 175.260 1 Template:Infobox_person 13.05% 91.608 1 Template:Short_description 11.61% 81.503 1 Template:Authority_control 10.34% 72.582 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 7.10% 49.852 1 Template:Marriage 6.82% 47.887 2 Template:Pagetype 5.37% 37.716 1 Template:IMDb_name Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64344427-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720000051 and revision id 1190718986. 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Polish hairdresser (1884–1976) This article is about the 20th-century celebrity hairdresser. For the 18th-century French financier, see Antoine Pâris (/wiki/Antoine_P%C3%A2ris) . Antoine de Paris Antoine at work in 1934 Born Antoni Cierplikowski ( 1884-12-24 ) 24 December 1884 Sieradz (/wiki/Sieradz) , Poland Died 5 July 1976 (1976-07-05) (aged 91) Sieradz, Poland Citizenship Poland (/wiki/Poland) France (/wiki/France) Occupation Hairdresser Antoni Cierplikowski ( Polish pronunciation: [anˈtɔɲi t͡ɕɛrplʲiˈkɔfskʲi] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish) ; 24 December 1884 – 5 July 1976) [1] (#cite_note-1) was a Polish hairdresser who became the world's first celebrity hairdresser (/wiki/Celebrity_hairdresser) when he opened the salon Antoine de Paris in Paris and became known as Monsieur Antoine . [2] (#cite_note-2) Among his clients were world-famous female personalities like Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) , Queen Marie of Romania (/wiki/Marie_of_Romania) , Sarah Bernhardt (/wiki/Sarah_Bernhardt) , Greta Garbo (/wiki/Greta_Garbo) , U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt) , and Brigitte Bardot (/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life [ edit ] Cierplikowski was born in Sieradz (/wiki/Sieradz) , Poland (/wiki/Poland) , and learnt hairdressing (/wiki/Hairdressing) by working for his uncle in Łódź (/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA) . In December 1901, he moved to Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France. He married Berthe Astier on 24 January 1909 in London (/wiki/London) , England, where they were both learning English. Career [ edit ] After moving to Paris, Cierplikowski worked in the salon (/wiki/Beauty_salon) at Galeries Lafayette (/wiki/Galeries_Lafayette) . During the summer season, he worked in Deauville (/wiki/Deauville) , following the high society (/wiki/Upper_class) of Paris who vacationed there. In 1904, he created a stylish coiffure (/wiki/Coiffure) for Lily de Moure when she lost her fashionable hat. Her appearance without a hat on the arm of a royal prince caused a sensation; other fashionable ladies soon decided to have their hair styled by Cierplikowski. In 1909, Cierplikowski started a fashion for a short bob cut (/wiki/Bob_cut) which was inspired by Joan of Arc (/wiki/Joan_of_Arc) . [4] (#cite_note-bob100-4) In the 1920s, he introduced the shingle cut (/wiki/Shingle_bob) which became popular with daring young women — the Bloomsbury set (/wiki/Bloomsbury_set) and flappers (/wiki/Flapper) . [4] (#cite_note-bob100-4) In 1924, he dyed his dog's hair blue. This blue hair (/wiki/Blue_hair) was taken up by the first professional interior designer (/wiki/Interior_designer) , Lady Elsie De Wolfe Mendl (/wiki/Lady_Elsie_De_Wolfe_Mendl) , which started a new fad. He created the “garconne” hairstyle for the likes of Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) , Josephine Baker (/wiki/Josephine_Baker) , and Edith Piaf (/wiki/Edith_Piaf) . [5] (#cite_note-5) His creations were rumoured to cost up to 500 francs - more than £1,000 in today's money. [6] (#cite_note-6) In the 1930s, he introduced blonde highlights (/wiki/Hair_highlighting) and a style of upswept hair. [7] (#cite_note-EoH-7) In 1924, Cierplikowski opened a salon at Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) in New York which became the most fashionable hair salon in America. Other famous hairdressers, including Sydney Guilaroff (/wiki/Sydney_Guilaroff) , established their reputations there. [7] (#cite_note-EoH-7) The peak of Antoine's career was the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth (/wiki/Coronation_of_King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth) in 1937, when he supervised 400 coiffures in one night. [ citation needed ] Later life [ edit ] After the death of his wife in 1973, Cierplikowski returned to his birthplace, Sieradz (/wiki/Sieradz) , where he died in July 1976. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "HISTORIA ANTOINE'A | Antoine de Paris" (https://antoinedeparis.pl/?page_id=155) (in Polish) . Retrieved 2023-08-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Demory, Hubert (2006), Monsieur Antoine: grand maître de la haute coiffure française , l'Harmattan, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-296-01549-4 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Sibierski, Mary (2012-08-09). " (https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20120809/world/-Monsieur-Antoine-was-originally-from-Poland.432146) 'Monsieur Antoine' was originally from Poland" (https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20120809/world/-Monsieur-Antoine-was-originally-from-Poland.432146) . Times of Malta (/wiki/Times_of_Malta) . Retrieved 2016-09-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Bob haircut celebrates 100th birthday" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG4206376/Bob-haircut-celebrates-100th-birthday.html) , The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) , 9 Jan 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Zhang Pengfei, Antoine De Paris feted in Poland , CCTV.com, archived from the original (http://english.cntv.cn/program/cultureexpress/20120812/103011.shtml) on 2016-03-03 , retrieved 2013-04-06 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Hairdressers Journal International (2012), Hairdressing Icons: Antoine de Paris ^ Jump up to: a b Sherrow, Victoria (28 February 2006), Encyclopedia of hair , Bloomsbury Academic, p. 165, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0313331456 Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1923453/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000058888832) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/73847251) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcRdGryfJyPBrvCYmM773) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11436837m) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11436837m) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/133549712) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2008013744) Sweden (https://libris.kb.se/0xbfkfsj21mnzb5) Poland (https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810595374705606) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/129523356) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐j97x8 Cached time: 20240713180519 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.433 seconds Real time usage: 0.650 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3312/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 25265/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1982/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 32529/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.285/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6774430/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 613.639 1 -total 30.91% 189.679 1 Template:Infobox_person 28.44% 174.508 1 Template:Reflist 21.49% 131.876 2 Template:Cite_web 17.98% 110.322 1 Template:Authority_control 13.96% 85.662 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 10.57% 64.851 1 Template:Short_description 10.13% 62.142 1 Template:Birth_date 6.27% 38.471 1 Template:Citation_needed 6.26% 38.434 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:30086485-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713180519 and revision id 1220445547. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antoine_de_Paris&oldid=1220445547 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antoine_de_Paris&oldid=1220445547) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1884 births (/wiki/Category:1884_births) 1976 deaths (/wiki/Category:1976_deaths) People from Sieradz (/wiki/Category:People_from_Sieradz) People from Kalisz Governorate (/wiki/Category:People_from_Kalisz_Governorate) Emigrants from Congress Poland to France (/wiki/Category:Emigrants_from_Congress_Poland_to_France) French people of Polish descent (/wiki/Category:French_people_of_Polish_descent) 20th-century French people (/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_people) 20th-century Polish people (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Polish_people) French hairdressers (/wiki/Category:French_hairdressers) Naturalized citizens of France (/wiki/Category:Naturalized_citizens_of_France) Polish fashion (/wiki/Category:Polish_fashion) Knights of the Order of Polonia Restituta (/wiki/Category:Knights_of_the_Order_of_Polonia_Restituta) Knights of the Legion of Honour (/wiki/Category:Knights_of_the_Legion_of_Honour) Hidden categories: CS1 Polish-language sources (pl) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Polish-language_sources_(pl)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2016) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with Libris identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Libris_identifiers) Articles with PLWABN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PLWABN_identifiers) Articles with SUDOC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers)
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Headwear used in Oman Oman man (right) wearing a Kuma A Kuma (كمة) is a rounded Omani (/wiki/Oman) cap (/wiki/Cap) traditionally worn by men. It is flat on the top with the rim folded inwards, and is often white decorated with various ornate colourful designs. It is specially sized (as opposed to one size fits all) and has small holes throughout the embroidery which help keep the head cool in the hot Omani sun. It is frequently worn as day-to-day attire due to the sultan’s (/wiki/Qaboos_bin_Said_al_Said) work to maintain the nations cultural heritage, and as such people not only wear these traditional garments often, but are incredibly proud of them and the patriotism they represent. The Kuma is believed to originate in Zanzibar (/wiki/Zanzibar) , a former colony of Oman, and is related to the East African (/wiki/East_Africa) Kofia (/wiki/Kofia_(hat)) . It is sometimes worn with a massar (/w/index.php?title=Massar_(cap)&action=edit&redlink=1) on top of it, to give the massar structure. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-Smith_2023_n342-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) twintman (2013-10-27). "Omani Kuma and Massar" (https://talyasadventures.wordpress.com/2013/10/27/omani-kuma-and-massar/) . Talya in Oman . Retrieved 2019-10-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-Smith_2023_n342_2-0) Smith, Sylvia (May 1, 2023). "Kummahs of Oman: Stitches of Tradition" (https://www.aramcoworld.com/Articles/May-2023/Kummahs-of-Oman-Stitches-of-Tradition) . AramcoWorld . 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Video illusion of Kate Moss from fashion show Excerpt of the illusion of Kate Moss from the runway show of The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) The illusion of Kate Moss is an art piece first shown at the conclusion of the Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) runway show The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (Autumn/Winter 2006). It consists of a short film of English model Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) dancing slowly while wearing a long, billowing gown of white chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) , projected life-size within a glass pyramid in the centre of the show's catwalk. Although sometimes referred to as a hologram (/wiki/Hologram) , the illusion was made using a 19th-century theatre technique called Pepper's ghost (/wiki/Pepper%27s_ghost) . McQueen conceived the illusion as a gesture of support for Moss; she was a close friend of his and was embroiled in a drug-related scandal at the time of the Widows show. It is regarded by many critics as the highlight of the Widows runway show, and it has been the subject of a great deal of academic analysis, particularly as a wedding dress (/wiki/Wedding_dress) and as a memento mori (/wiki/Memento_mori) . The illusion appeared in both versions of Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) , a retrospective exhibition of McQueen's designs. Background [ edit ] Kate Moss, 2005 British designer Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) was known in the fashion industry for dramatic, theatrical fashion shows (/wiki/Fashion_show) featuring imaginative, sometimes controversial designs. [1] (#cite_note-BBCSixWays-1) He was a close friend of English model Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) , who had walked in several of his previous shows, including La Poupée (/w/index.php?title=La_Poup%C3%A9e_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Spring/Summer 1997) and Voss (Spring/Summer 2001). [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201012-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Moss retired from runway modelling (/wiki/Runway_modelling) in 2004 to focus on advertising contracts and other ventures. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2005, she became caught up in controversy after images of her allegedly using drugs were leaked to the media, and several companies cancelled lucrative contracts with her. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) McQueen actively supported Moss throughout the controversy. He argued that in his opinion, many journalists also regularly used drugs, making their criticism hypocritical. [9] (#cite_note-WWD-Real-9) [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015299–300-10) He wore a T-shirt with the words "We love you Kate!" when he appeared at the end of the runway show for Neptune (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (Spring/Summer 2006). [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015351-12) As a further gesture of support, he developed the idea of projecting her into the closing act of upcoming show, The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (Autumn/Winter 2006), seeking "to show that she was more ethereal, bigger than the situation she was in". [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012228-13) [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020149-14) [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201012-2) Illusion [ edit ] Stage setup for Pepper's ghost. A brightly lit figure out of the audience's sight below the stage is reflected in a pane of glass placed between the performer and the audience. To the audience, it appears as if the ghost is on stage. The illusion played as the finale of the runway show for The Widows of Culloden on 3 March 2006 at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy (/wiki/Palais_omnisports_de_Paris-Bercy) . [15] (#cite_note-EoC-WoC-15) [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFox2012116-16) The stage was formed by a square of rough wood with a large glass pyramid in its centre, leaving a catwalk around the outside for the models to walk. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoungMartin2017143–144-18) After the final model exited the runway, the lights were dimmed and the illusion was projected within the central pyramid. [15] (#cite_note-EoC-WoC-15) The illusion, sometimes inaccurately described as a hologram (/wiki/Hologram) , used a 19th-century theatre technique called Pepper's ghost (/wiki/Pepper%27s_ghost) to display a life-sized projection of Kate Moss wearing a billowing chiffon dress. [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020149-14) [15] (#cite_note-EoC-WoC-15) In the Pepper's ghost technique, a brightly lit figure out of sight of the audience is partially reflected on an angled pane of glass, which makes the semi-transparent figure appear to be on the stage. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeech201159-19) The illusion was executed as a collaboration between British film director Baillie Walsh (/wiki/Baillie_Walsh) , production designer Joseph Bennett, post-production company Glassworks, and production duo Gainsbury & Whiting. [20] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020137-20) [21] (#cite_note-Vogue-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) Glassworks planned the illusion by creating a computer-generated render (/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery) of the entire show space, including the seating and the runway. This enabled them to visualise the illusion from multiple viewpoints to confirm that it would look correct no matter where it was viewed from. [23] (#cite_note-How-Made-23) The performance for Widows was inspired in part by serpentine dance (/wiki/Serpentine_dance) , a type of stage performance from the 1890s that utilised billowing fabric and dramatic lighting, created by dancer Loie Fuller (/wiki/Loie_Fuller) . [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020139-24) [25] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlbright20072-25) Filming the effect was difficult, went over budget [9] (#cite_note-WWD-Real-9) and took two hours. Moss was suspended in a harness and wind machines (/wiki/Wind_machine) were used to create the movement of her dress. [9] (#cite_note-WWD-Real-9) The flowing material made it difficult for the production designers to conceal the edges of the illusion. Because the pyramid was visible to the audience from all angles, it was more challenging to execute than an illusion using only a single field of view. [23] (#cite_note-How-Made-23) [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENg2021174–175-26) It was the first fashion show to employ this kind of effect; [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhan2013267-27) media theorist Jenna Ng speculated that it may have been the first such large-scale 3D projection of a performance. [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENg2021174–175-26) Reception and legacy [ edit ] Portrait of Loie Fuller (/wiki/Loie_Fuller) performing a serpentine dance (/wiki/Serpentine_dance) , by Frederick Glasier, 1902 The illusion of Kate Moss is regarded by many critics as the highlight of the Widows runway show. [28] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012147-28) [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoschek200981-29) Writing for Vogue , Sarah Mower said that "only Alexander McQueen could provide the astonishing feat of techno-magic that ended his show". [21] (#cite_note-Vogue-21) Robert McCaffrey, writing in The Fashion Studies Journal (/wiki/The_Fashion_Studies_Journal) , called it "one of McQueen's most enduring and iconic finales". [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) American fashion editor Robin Givhan (/wiki/Robin_Givhan) wrote that "McQueen created a fantasy that made his audience believe in the wizardry of fashion and its ability to move the spirit." [30] (#cite_note-Givhan-30) Jess Cartner-Morley (/wiki/Jess_Cartner-Morley) of The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) called it a "suitably haunting finale". [31] (#cite_note-TG-03-2006-31) Lisa Armstrong (/wiki/Lisa_Armstrong_(writer)) at The Times (/wiki/The_Times) was more critical, calling it "unspeakably cheesy". [32] (#cite_note-Armstrong-32) Kerry Youmans, a publicist for McQueen, recalled seeing audience members crying upon viewing it. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015299–300-10) [33] (#cite_note-33) Writing after McQueen's death in 2010, Lorraine Candy, editor-in-chief of Elle , said that "The hologram of Moss ... was all we talked about for months afterwards." [34] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012152-34) In 2014, Jessica Andrews of Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) named it one of the most dramatic runway stunts in history. [35] (#cite_note-35) The Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) (the V&A) in London owns a variant of the Kate Moss dress created by McQueen's assistant Sarah Burton (/wiki/Sarah_Burton) for the 2006 wedding of another McQueen employee. [36] (#cite_note-36) Moss wore the original again on the cover of the May 2011 issue of Harper's Bazaar UK (/wiki/Queen_(magazine)) . [37] (#cite_note-37) In 2015, the Spanish 15-M (/wiki/15-M) movement staged a massive protest via hologram projection, taking specific inspiration from the Kate Moss illusion. [38] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENg2021181–182-38) [39] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheean2018469-39) [40] (#cite_note-40) The Kate Moss illusion appeared in Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) , a retrospective exhibition of McQueen's designs shown at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) in 2011 (the Met) and the V&A in 2015. [41] (#cite_note-WOC-Met-41) [42] (#cite_note-tele0205-42) [43] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTETegan202195-43) In the original presentation at the Met, the Moss illusion was recreated in miniature, but in the V&A re-staging, it was presented in full size in its own room. [a] (#cite_note-45) [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020139-24) [45] (#cite_note-46) According to Sam Gainsbury, who worked on production for the illusion, McQueen had "always wanted to show [the illusion] independently as a work of art", so the team ensured that it was staged that way for the V&A's version of the exhibit. [46] (#cite_note-47) Analysis [ edit ] Gothic tropes [ edit ] The Ghost of Banquo (1855), Théodore Chassériau (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau) (1819–1856) Critics have described The Widows of Culloden as an exploration of Gothic literary tropes (/wiki/Gothic_fiction) – particularly melancholy (/wiki/Melancholia) and haunting – via fashion, and the illusion of Kate Moss plays a significant role in this analysis. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) [47] (#cite_note-Spooner-TC-48) According to McQueen, the collection took inspiration from Shakespeare's Scottish play Macbeth (/wiki/Macbeth) . [48] (#cite_note-49) Cartner-Morley argued that Moss effectively played the role of Banquo (/wiki/Banquo) , a character who haunts Macbeth (/wiki/Macbeth_(character)) as a ghost throughout the play. [31] (#cite_note-TG-03-2006-31) Literature professor Catherine Spooner connected the illusion to the visual effects used to portray spirits in the séances (/wiki/S%C3%A9ance) of the 19th century, and literary scholar Bill Sherman (/wiki/Bill_Sherman_(literary_scholar)) compared the effect on the audience to the "reverie" inspired by ghost stories (/wiki/Ghost_story) of the era. [49] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpooner2015143-50) [50] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESherman2015243-51) Researcher Kate Bethune wrote that the collection's sense of melancholy was "consolidated in its memorable finale". [15] (#cite_note-EoC-WoC-15) McCaffrey presented a similar analysis, writing that the illusion of Kate Moss was an example of highly staged Gothic melancholy, playing on the "tensions between beauty and heartache". [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) He contrasted the illusion with the "spine" corset featured in Untitled (/w/index.php?title=Untitled_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Spring/Summer 1998), viewing both as memento mori (/wiki/Memento_mori) – artistic reminders of the inevitability of death. He saw the corset as an example of overt material horror, whereas the illusion functioned as an aesthetic horror that depended on the audience's emotional involvement for effect. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) McCaffrey called Moss's appearance in the show a kind of resurrection following the damage done to her career by the drug allegations, which may have been a deliberate allusion: after McQueen's death, Moss recalled that when he suggested the concept to her, he said he wanted her to be "rising like a phoenix from a fire". [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015299–300-10) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCaffrey2020-17) Film theorist Su-Anne Yeo argued that the illusion was successful in helping to rehabilitate Moss's image. She wrote that the presentation of the illusion at the V&A particularly "helped to transform Moss from an object of tabloid fodder to one of legitimate critical concern". [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020149-14) In a 2014 interview with British photographer Nick Knight (/wiki/Nick_Knight_(photographer)) , Moss confirmed that she had decided not to attend the show in person, even in disguise; she assumed it would be found out eventually and would "take away from all the magic ... the whole thing of me being a ghost". [51] (#cite_note-52) Sarah Heaton, whose work focuses on the intersection between fashion and literature, described the illusion as evoking the Gothic trope of the barefoot "mad woman"; normally this figure would be confined to an attic or asylum, but McQueen subverts the expectation by displaying her to the public, making her ephemeral and uncontained. [52] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeaton201795–96-53) Fashion theorists Paul Jobling, Philippa Nesbitt, and Angelene Wong concur, arguing that the presentation demonstrated that Moss's body, as a symbol of female power, was "numinous, untouchable, and evading capture". [53] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoblingNesbittWong202227-54) Moss's chiffon gown has been critiqued as an unconventional wedding dress. [54] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeaton201784,_95–96-55) Cultural theorist Monika Seidl was critical of the illusion, arguing that it presented Moss as a contained female " Wiedergänger (/wiki/Wiederg%C3%A4nger) " or vengeful spirit. [55] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidl2009221-56) She did however find the dress persuasive in the way it "destabilise[s] the notion of a bride". [55] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeidl2009221-56) Literary theorist Monica Germanà also took the dress to be a wedding gown, and found it an example of "the morbid coalescence of love and death", a recurring theme for McQueen. [56] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGermanà2020167–168-57) Technical analysis [ edit ] Other authors have analysed the illusion of Kate Moss as a form of technologically altered reality, sometimes with supernatural associations. Anthropologist Brian Moeran used the illusion as an example of the runway show as a modern magical ritual (/wiki/Ritual) , writing that the show's "magic is intimately entwined with technological sophistication". [57] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoeran2016128–129-58) American author Genevieve Valentine (/wiki/Genevieve_Valentine) described it as a clear science fiction (/wiki/Science_fiction) element. [58] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEValentine2019218–219-59) Fashion historian Ingrid Loschek wrote that "the catwalk was transformed into a form of virtual reality (/wiki/Virtual_reality) " through the projection, which energised the audience. [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoschek200981-29) Fashion writer Nathalie Khan contrasted the illusion with a straightforward film projection, saying that unlike a film, the illusion made Moss "no longer a mortal subject, but perception made invisible". [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhan2013267-27) Jenna Ng described the projection of Moss, a living person, as a kind of rearrangement of physical distance: "the holographic subject appears to be virtually here amongst the present audience even as they are actually elsewhere at the time". [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENg2021174–175-26) She called it an example of the "post-screen", in which there is no barrier between the audience's space and the image. [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENg2021174–175-26) Yeo was critical of the V&A's emphasis on the technological aspect of the illusion, arguing that it incorrectly positioned the effect as modern rather than historical. She argued that it would have been more appropriate to emphasise the connection to older forms of performance like the serpentine dance and phantasmagoria (/wiki/Phantasmagoria) , a theatrical form that uses magic lanterns (/wiki/Magic_lantern) . [59] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeo2020150-60) Performance theorist Johannes Birringer (/wiki/Johannes_Birringer) was critical of the entire Savage Beauty exhibit, but particularly so of the apparent reverence given to the illusion by the audience: "There was a hushed silence in that holographic room which I found pathetic." [44] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBirringer201627-44) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-45) In a review of the exhibition, media theorist Johannes Birringer (/wiki/Johannes_Birringer) refers to the hologram as "scaled down, in a small dark room", but other sources state that it was full-size compared to the miniature version presented at the Metropolitan Museum. [44] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBirringer201627-44) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-BBCSixWays_1-0) Vaidyanathan, Rajini (12 February 2010). "Six ways Alexander McQueen changed fashion" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm) . BBC Magazine (/wiki/BBC_Magazine) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100222201747/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm) from the original on 22 February 2010 . Retrieved 6 May 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Knox 2010 (#CITEREFKnox2010) , p. 12. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hyl, Véronique (16 April 2015). "Watch McQueen's '90s Shows in Their Entirety" (https://www.thecut.com/2015/04/watch-mcqueens-90s-runway-shows-in-full.html) . The Cut (/wiki/The_Cut_(website)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221126201450/https://www.thecut.com/2015/04/watch-mcqueens-90s-runway-shows-in-full.html) from the original on 26 November 2022 . Retrieved 26 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Maroun, Daniela (18 March 2019). "Fashion: Memories of McQueen" (https://thejournalmag.com/fashion-memories-of-mcqueen/) . The Journal Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221126201449/https://thejournalmag.com/fashion-memories-of-mcqueen/) from the original on 26 November 2022 . Retrieved 26 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Vernon, Polly (14 May 2006). "The fall and rise of Kate Moss" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2006/may/14/features.woman6) . The Observer (/wiki/The_Observer) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0029-7712 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712) . 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Retrieved 7 December 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cartner-Morley, Jess (4 March 2006). "McQueen's modern Macbeth" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/mar/04/france.jesscartnermorley) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221026045217/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/mar/04/france.jesscartnermorley) from the original on 26 October 2022 . Retrieved 26 October 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Armstrong_32-0) Armstrong, Lisa (/wiki/Lisa_Armstrong_(writer)) (4 March 2006). "Is it big or skinny? The answer is both; Paris Fashion Week" (https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=01400460&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA142808495&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs) . The Times (/wiki/The_Times) . p. 29. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114225535/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=01400460&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA142808495&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs&userGroupName=nm_p_oweb&isGeoAuthType=true) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 7 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Sischy, Ingrid (10 March 2010). "A Man of Darkness and Dreams" (https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2010/04/mcqueen-201004) . Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221001135842/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2010/04/mcqueen-201004) from the original on 1 October 2022 . Retrieved 7 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason2012152_34-0) Gleason 2012 (#CITEREFGleason2012) , p. 152. ^ (#cite_ref-35) Andrews, Jessica C. (23 September 2014). "The Most Dramatic Fashion-Show Stunts of All Time" (https://www.vanityfair.com/style/photos/2014/09/fashion-show-stunts) . Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220707045431/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/photos/2014/09/fashion-show-stunts) from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 26 October 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Widows of Culloden – Alexander McQueen" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1416328/) . Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221026045216/https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1416328/) from the original on 26 October 2022 . Retrieved 26 October 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Cowles, Charlotte (30 March 2011). "Kate Moss Wears Two Alexander McQueen Dresses for (https://www.thecut.com/2011/03/kate_moss_wears_two_alexander.html) Harper's Bazaar U.K. 's 'Fashion Royalty' Issue" (https://www.thecut.com/2011/03/kate_moss_wears_two_alexander.html) . The Cut . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221110015320/https://www.thecut.com/2011/03/kate_moss_wears_two_alexander.html) from the original on 10 November 2022 . Retrieved 10 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENg2021181–182_38-0) Ng 2021 (#CITEREFNg2021) , pp. 181–182. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheean2018469_39-0) Sheean 2018 (#CITEREFSheean2018) , p. 469. ^ (#cite_ref-40) Córdoba, Carlos (14 April 2015). "Activists mount hologram protest against Spain's 'gag' law" (https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2015/04/14/inenglish/1429013219_604510.html) . El País (/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs) (English ed.). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221103204454/https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2015/04/14/inenglish/1429013219_604510.html) from the original on 3 November 2022 . Retrieved 3 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-WOC-Met_41-0) "Widows of Culloden" (https://blog.metmuseum.org/alexandermcqueen/tag/widows-of-culloden/) . Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220928011059/https://blog.metmuseum.org/alexandermcqueen/tag/widows-of-culloden/) from the original on 28 September 2022 . Retrieved 7 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-tele0205_42-0) Alexander, Hilary (/wiki/Hilary_Alexander) (2 May 2011). "Alexander McQueen's 'Savage Beauty' honoured in style" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/hilary-alexander/TMG8488791/Alexander-McQueens-Savage-Beauty-honoured-in-style.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170401003815/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/hilary-alexander/TMG8488791/Alexander-McQueens-Savage-Beauty-honoured-in-style.html) from the original on 1 April 2017 . Retrieved 6 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETegan202195_43-0) Tegan 2021 (#CITEREFTegan2021) , p. 95. ^ Jump up to: a b Birringer 2016 (#CITEREFBirringer2016) , p. 27. ^ (#cite_ref-46) Hyland, Véronique (9 October 2014). "Alexander McQueen's Kate Moss Hologram Is Being Revived" (https://www.thecut.com/2014/10/mcqueens-kate-moss-hologram-is-being-revived.html) . The Cut (/wiki/The_Cut_(New_York_magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221119222011/https://www.thecut.com/2014/10/mcqueens-kate-moss-hologram-is-being-revived.html) from the original on 19 November 2022 . Retrieved 19 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Woo, Kin (11 March 2015). "Gainsbury & Whiting on Alexander McQueen" (https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/7113/gainsbury-whiting-on-alexander-mcqueen) . AnOther (/wiki/AnOther) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114233939/https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/7113/gainsbury-whiting-on-alexander-mcqueen) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 19 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Spooner-TC_48-0) Spooner, Catherine (11 March 2015a). "The gothic vision at the heart of Alexander McQueen's savage beauty" (https://theconversation.com/the-gothic-vision-at-the-heart-of-alexander-mcqueens-savage-beauty-38544) . The Conversation . 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Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221022051406/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWoQqrRk0ss&feature=youtu.be) from the original on 22 October 2022 . Retrieved 19 November 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeaton201795–96_53-0) Heaton 2017 (#CITEREFHeaton2017) , pp. 95–96. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoblingNesbittWong202227_54-0) Jobling, Nesbitt & Wong 2022 (#CITEREFJoblingNesbittWong2022) , p. 27. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeaton201784,_95–96_55-0) Heaton 2017 (#CITEREFHeaton2017) , pp. 84, 95–96. ^ Jump up to: a b Seidl 2009 (#CITEREFSeidl2009) , p. 221. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGermanà2020167–168_57-0) Germanà 2020 (#CITEREFGermanà2020) , pp. 167–168. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoeran2016128–129_58-0) Moeran 2016 (#CITEREFMoeran2016) , pp. 128–129. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEValentine2019218–219_59-0) Valentine 2019 (#CITEREFValentine2019) , pp. 218–219. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYeo2020150_60-0) Yeo 2020 (#CITEREFYeo2020) , p. 150. Bibliography [ edit ] Books [ edit ] Albright, Ann Cooper (2007). Traces of Light: Absence and Presence in the Work of Loïe Fuller . Middletown, Connecticut (/wiki/Middletown,_Connecticut) : Wesleyan University Press (/wiki/Wesleyan_University_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8195-6843-4 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114233947/https://books.google.com/books?id=UtPbjaGZ4GoC&q=serpentine) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Beech, Martin (2011). The Physics of Invisibility: A Story of Light and Deception . New York City: Springer Science+Business Media (/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4614-0616-7 . Fox, Chloe (2012). Vogue on: Alexander McQueen . Vogue on Designers. London: Quadrille Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84949-113-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 828766756 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/828766756) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230105053335/https://books.google.com/books?id=zVhWCgAAQBAJ&q=Vogue+on:+Alexander+McQueen) from the original on 5 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Germanà, Monica (2020). Bond Girls: Body, Fashion and Gender . London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Visual_Arts) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-85785-643-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1115002952 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1115002952) . Gleason, Katherine (2012). Alexander McQueen: Evolution . New York City: Race Point Publishing (/wiki/Race_Point_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61058-837-9 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230105053333/https://books.google.com/books?id=N1H0AwAAQBAJ&dq=%22widows+of+culloden%22&pg=PA147) from the original on 5 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Heaton, Sarah (2017). "Wayward Wedding Dresses". In Whitehead, Julia; Petrov, Gudrun D. (eds.). Fashioning Horror . London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Visual_Arts) . pp. 83–100. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.5040/9781350036215.ch-004 (https://doi.org/10.5040%2F9781350036215.ch-004) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-350-03621-5 . Jobling, Paul; Nesbitt, Philippa; Wong, Angelene (2022). Fashion, Identity, Image . London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Visual_Arts) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-350-18323-0 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230112083406/https://books.google.ca/books?id=TEpVEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT28) from the original on 12 January 2023 . Retrieved 12 January 2023 . Khan, Nathalie (2013). "Fashion as Mythology: Considering the Legacy of Alexander McQueen". In Bruzzi, Stella; Gibson, Pamela Church (eds.). Fashion Cultures Revisited . London: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) . pp. 261–271. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-415-68005-9 . Knox, Kristin (2010). Alexander McQueen: Genius of a Generation . London: A&C Black (/wiki/A%26C_Black) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4081-3223-4 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230105053337/https://books.google.com/books?id=HKFpDgAAQBAJ&dq=%22highland+rape%22+givenchy&pg=PA10) from the original on 5 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Loschek, Ingrid (2009). When Clothes Become Fashion: Design and Innovation Systems . Oxford: Berg Publishers (/wiki/Berg_Publishers) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-85785-144-4 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230105053333/https://books.google.com/books?id=8nqvAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22widows+of+culloden%22&pg=PA81) from the original on 5 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Moeran, Brian (2016). The Magic of Fashion: Ritual, Commodity, Glamour . London: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-315-41796-7 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114233948/https://books.google.com/books?id=6rFmDAAAQBAJ&dq=%22widows+of+culloden%22&pg=PA129) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Ng, Jenna (2021). "Holograms/Holographic Projections: Ghosts Amongst the Living; Ghosts of the Living". The Post-Screen Through Virtual Reality, Holograms and Light Projections: Where Screen Boundaries Lie . Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press (/wiki/Amsterdam_University_Press) . pp. 155–188. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/j.ctv23985t6.8 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fj.ctv23985t6.8) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-90-4855-256-6 . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) j.ctv23985t6.8 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv23985t6.8) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 244720894 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244720894) . Seidl, Monika (2009). "British Fashion and Romanticism Today: Where the Present Dreams the Past Future". In Eckstein, Lars (ed.). Romanticism Today: Selected Papers from the Tübingen Conference of the German Society for English Romanticism . Trier: WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier. pp. 215–226. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-86821-147-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 427321505 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427321505) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114230101/https://books.google.com/books?id=4LALAQAAMAAJ&q=%22widows+of+culloden%22) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Valentine, Genevieve (/wiki/Genevieve_Valentine) (2019). "Savage Beauty: Alexander McQueen". In Boskovich, Desirina (ed.). Lost Transmissions: The Secret History of Science Fiction and Fantasy . New York City: Abrams Image (/wiki/Abrams_Image) . pp. 218–219. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-68335-498-7 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114230610/https://books.google.com/books?id=m0OJDwAAQBAJ&q=%22lost+transmissioNs%22+history+of+science+fiction) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Watt, Judith (2012). Alexander McQueen: The Life and the Legacy . New York City: Harper Design (/wiki/Harper_Design) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84796-085-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 892706946 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/892706946) . Wilcox, Claire (/wiki/Claire_Wilcox) , ed. (2015). Alexander McQueen . New York City: Abrams Books (/wiki/Abrams_Books) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4197-1723-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 891618596 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/891618596) . Sherman, Bill (/wiki/Bill_Sherman_(literary_scholar)) . "Ghosts". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 243–246. Spooner, Catherine. "A Gothic Mind". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 141–158. Wilson, Andrew (/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)) (2015). Alexander McQueen: Blood Beneath the Skin . New York City: Simon and Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4767-7674-3 . Yeo, Su-Anne (2020). "Summoning the Ghosts of Early Cinema and Victorian Entertainment: Kate Moss and (https://books.google.com/books?id=X93QDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22joseph+bennett%22+widows+of+culloden&pg=PA137) Savage Beauty at the Victoria and Albert Museum" (https://books.google.com/books?id=X93QDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22joseph+bennett%22+widows+of+culloden&pg=PA137) . In Menotti, Gabriel; Crisp, Virginia (eds.). Practices of Projection: Histories and Technologies . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-093411-8 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114230610/https://books.google.com/books?id=X93QDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22joseph+bennett%22+widows+of+culloden&pg=PA137) from the original on 14 January 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2022 . Young, Caroline; Martin, Ann (2017). Tartan + Tweed . London: Frances Lincoln Limited (/wiki/Frances_Lincoln_Limited) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7112-3822-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 947020251 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/947020251) . Journals [ edit ] Birringer, Johannes (/wiki/Johannes_Birringer) (2016). "Performance In the Cabinet of Curiosities: Or, The Boy Who Lived in the Tree" (https://doi.org/10.1162%2FPAJJ_a_00331) . PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art . 38 (3): 27–28. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1162/PAJJ_a_00331 (https://doi.org/10.1162%2FPAJJ_a_00331) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1520-281X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1520-281X) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 26386804 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26386804) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 57559845 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:57559845) . McCaffrey, Robert (24 September 2020). "Alexander McQueen: The Sublime and Melancholy" (https://www.fashionstudiesjournal.org/longform/2020/9/23/alexander-mcqueen-the-sublime-and-melancholy) . The Fashion Studies Journal (/wiki/The_Fashion_Studies_Journal) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220921223637/https://www.fashionstudiesjournal.org/longform/2020/9/23/alexander-mcqueen-the-sublime-and-melancholy) from the original on 21 September 2022 . Retrieved 23 September 2022 . Sheean, Jacqueline (2 October 2018). "A (New) Specter Haunts Europe: the Political Legibility of Spain's Hologram Protests". Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies . 19 (4): 469. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/14636204.2018.1524995 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14636204.2018.1524995) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1463-6204 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1463-6204) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 149971456 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149971456) . Tegan, Mary Beth (1 October 2021). " (http://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/journals/id/79/volume/28/issue/2/article/66308) "The Contagion of Her Wretchedness": Rousing Interest in the Highland Widows of Scott and McQueen" (http://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/journals/id/79/volume/28/issue/2/article/66308) . Essays in Romanticism . 28 (2): 95. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3828/eir.2021.28.2.4 (https://doi.org/10.3828%2Feir.2021.28.2.4) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2049-6702 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2049-6702) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 239506478 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239506478) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221007014410/https://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/journals/id/79/volume/28/issue/2/article/66308) from the original on 7 October 2022 . Retrieved 2 October 2022 . External links [ edit ] "Women's Fall / Winter 06: "The Widows of Culloden" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101119184702/http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2006_aw_womens.aspx) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20101119184702/http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2006_aw_womens.aspx) . Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) . Archived from the original (http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2006_aw_womens.aspx) on 19 November 2010 . Retrieved 17 September 2022 . Alexander McQueen | Women's Autumn/Winter 2006 | Runway Show on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) Metropolitan Museum of Art: Widows of Culloden finale (https://vimeo.com/22712229) on Vimeo (/wiki/Vimeo) Production stills and concept art from designer Joseph Bennett (http://josephbennett.co.uk/fashion-shows/alexander-mcqueen-widows-of-culloden) v t e Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) Label Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(fashion_house)) Sarah Burton (/wiki/Sarah_Burton) (former creative director) Collections (/wiki/List_of_Alexander_McQueen_collections) Early years Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims) (1992 graduation collection) Taxi Driver (/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1993)† Nihilism (/wiki/Nihilism_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1994)‡ The Birds (/wiki/The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1995) Highland Rape (/wiki/Highland_Rape) (A/W 1995) The Hunger (/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1996) Dante (/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1996) It's a Jungle Out There (/wiki/It%27s_a_Jungle_Out_There_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1997) Joan (/wiki/Joan_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1998) Mid-career The Overlook (/wiki/The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1999) Eye (/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2000) The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) (S/S 2002) Irere (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2003) Pantheon ad Lucem (/wiki/Pantheon_ad_Lucem) (A/W 2004) Final works Neptune (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2006) The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (A/W 2006) The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) (A/W 2008) Designs Armadillo shoe (/wiki/Armadillo_shoe) Bumster (/wiki/Bumster) Illusion of Kate Moss Oyster dress (/wiki/Oyster_dress) No. 13 finale (/wiki/No._13_Finale) Union Jack coat (/wiki/Earthling_(album)) In media Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano (/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(play)) (2015 play) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(film)) (2018 documentary film) Related articles Isabella Blow (/wiki/Isabella_Blow) Shaun Leane (/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)) Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXVIII_halftime_show_controversy) ‡S/S = Spring/Summer †A/W = Autumn/Winter NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐c795b44dd‐fm6pn Cached time: 20240717174716 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.801 seconds Real time usage: 0.926 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6327/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 149628/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6325/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 202674/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.527/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6911449/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 817.613 1 -total 31.93% 261.103 2 Template:Reflist 19.75% 161.511 49 Template:Sfn 13.15% 107.544 7 Template:Cite_news 12.38% 101.182 19 Template:Cite_book 11.05% 90.328 2 Template:Navbox 10.84% 88.641 18 Template:Cite_web 10.69% 87.371 1 Template:Alexander_McQueen 8.89% 72.720 1 Template:Short_description 6.56% 53.596 57 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72292766-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717174716 and revision id 1229262419. 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Organization Fashion Design Council of India Established 1998 Website www.fdci.org (http://www.fdci.org) The Fashion Design Council of India (FDCI) is an organization in India. its founding presidents are Rohit Shukhla, Ritu Kumar, and Tarun Tahiliani. FDCI is a non-profit [1] (#cite_note-nti11-1) independent association of fashion designers formed to propagate the Business of Fashion in India (/wiki/Fashion_in_India) in December 1998. [2] (#cite_note-bl9-2) Currently, the office is based in New Delhi with Sunil Sethi as the President. [1] (#cite_note-nti11-1) [3] (#cite_note-toi10-3) FDCI is supported by the Indian Textile Ministry & it also works very closely with fashion institute like NIFT (/wiki/NIFT) . [4] (#cite_note-bl7-4) Fashion events [ edit ] Fashion events it sponsors include: The bi-annual prêt weeks for womenswear - India Fashion Week (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) , [5] (#cite_note-toi6-5) [6] (#cite_note-ei7-6) A week for men's fashion- India Men's Week, [7] (#cite_note-ei4-7) The annual platform for couture - Global India Couture Week. In 2006, Montana World of Wearable Art (/wiki/World_of_Wearable_Art) (TM), (WOW), and FDCI collaborated to encourage Indian participation in the latter's fashion show in New Zealand. [8] (#cite_note-cnbc2-8) The Council also collaborated with Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) to launch the Vogue Fashion Fund in India to promote emerging designers. Through this project, the winner (decided by the selected jury panel) is awarded a grand cash prize and a chance to be featured in the India issue of the magazine. Apart from this, the winning talent also gets an opportunity to commercialize his/her brand with a leading retailer, and gain access to fashion platforms like India Fashion Week (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) and a one-year business mentorship with an industry professional. [9] (#cite_note-mxm8-9) In 2013, FDCI collaborated with the Delhi-based Cotton Council International (CCI) to start a reality show Let's Design to promote the use of cotton in the fashion arena. The winner was awarded a direct entry to India Fashion Week Spring Summer edition at the young talent pool to showcase the collection along with prize money of ten lakhs INR. [10] (#cite_note-dc15-10) [11] (#cite_note-db16-11) The Amazon India Fashion Week (AIFW) 2018, organized by the Fashion Design Council of India (FDCI), showcased the latest trends from top Indian designers. The event highlighted sustainable fashion, inclusivity, and innovation. Designers like Tarun Tahiliani, Anamika Khanna, Ritu Kumar, and Rohit Bal presented their collections, blending traditional Indian craftsmanship with modern styles. A notable collaboration was Nida Mahmood (/w/index.php?title=Nida_Mahmood&action=edit&redlink=1) x Deivee by Milind Soman (/wiki/Milind_Soman) , [12] (#cite_note-12) which featured quirky designs in eco-friendly activewear. Celebrity showstoppers added glamour, and the event provided a platform for emerging designers. AIFW 2018 celebrated creativity and style, reflecting the diverse and vibrant Indian fashion scene. Charitable initiatives [ edit ] FDCI organizes the annual mega-designer sale, offering designer garments at heavy discounts. Five percent of the sale proceeds from this event go towards various charities like Divya Chaya Trust in Kolkata (/wiki/Kolkata) , Observation Home, Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) , and the relief fund of Gujarat earthquake (/wiki/2001_Gujarat_earthquake) victims to name a few. [13] (#cite_note-TH13-13) In 2003, four designers: Anju Modi, Anjana Bhargava, Puja Duggal, and Ameet Sikka tied up with nine artists Jatin Das (/wiki/Jatin_Das_(painter)) , Sudip Roy, Niren Sengupta and Jai Zharotia, among them to paint garments ranging from the traditional salwar kameez to trousers and skirts. The result was a novel collection for a charity. [14] (#cite_note-TH20-14) In 2010, the Design Council along with the organization Khushii (Kinship for Humanitarian, Social and Holistic Intervention in India) held the ceremony of Art on Wheels on the last day of WIFW to raise funds for the NGO's global development initiative – World Action Forum (/w/index.php?title=World_Action_Forum&action=edit&redlink=1) (WAF) for causes like educating children, empowering village communities, etc. Twelve well-known artists like Dilip Sharma, Farhad Hussain, George Martin, Hindol Brahmbhatt, Jayasri Burman (/wiki/Jayasri_Burman) , Jagannath Panda (/wiki/Jagannath_Panda) , Paresh Maity (/wiki/Paresh_Maity) , Sanjay Bhattacharyya, Satish Gupta, Sudhanshu Sutar and Yusuf Arakkal (/wiki/Yusuf_Arakkal) had handpainted a limited edition autorickshaws. The autos were also auctioned at The Claridges for bidding. [15] (#cite_note-TOI10-15) [16] (#cite_note-IE11-16) [17] (#cite_note-IT15-17) FDCI, to generate funds for a People for Animals (PFA) initiative entered into a design alliance with the carpet weavers to weave the creations of artists such as S.H. Raza (/wiki/S.H._Raza) , MF Husain (/wiki/MF_Husain) and Paresh Maity along with the designs of fashion designers such as Rohit Bal (/wiki/Rohit_Bal) , Manish Arora (/wiki/Manish_Arora) , JJ Valaya (/wiki/JJ_Valaya) , Rajesh Pratap Singh (/wiki/Rajesh_Pratap_Singh) , Sabyasachi Mukherjee (/wiki/Sabyasachi_Mukherjee) and Ritu Kumar (/wiki/Ritu_Kumar) , on a museum quality carpet that can be displayed on walls or floors. The carpets bought from the exhibitions were available at a considerably cheaper price to raise funds for the (PFA) initiative. [18] (#cite_note-TOI9-18) In 2012, the Fashion Council partnered with PETA (/wiki/PETA) (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) to encourage the cause of Vegan Fashion in the country by announcing the Fashion for Freedom Boycott Bill. [19] (#cite_note-TOI14-19) In the same year, a significant initiative of signing a pact between the Ministry of Textiles (/wiki/Ministry_of_Textiles_(India)) (MOT) & Fashion Design Council of India (FDCI) was also taken. [20] (#cite_note-lm18-20) References [ edit ] ^ a b Wire, NI (17 July 2008). "FDCI moves ahead with the business of fashion" (http://www.newstrackindia.com/newsdetails/7118) . News Track India . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-bl9_2-0) Prayag, Anjali (20 July 2002). "Redesigning the fashion ramp" (http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2002/07/20/stories/2002072002550200.htm) . Business Line . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-toi10_3-0) Sharma, Garima (8 August 2010). "FDCI changing headquarters?" (https://archive.today/20130127015520/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/shows/28313760_1_fashion-design-council-fashion-body-fdci-president-sunil-sethi) . The Times of India (/wiki/The_Times_of_India) . Archived from the original (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-08/shows/28313760_1_fashion-design-council-fashion-body-fdci-president-sunil-sethi) on 27 January 2013 . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-bl7_4-0) "Designers to host Lakme Fashion Week" (https://archive.today/20130125101209/http://www.hindu.com/businessline/2000/06/09/stories/190902lk.htm) . Business Line . 9 June 2000. Archived from the original (http://www.hindu.com/businessline/2000/06/09/stories/190902lk.htm) on 25 January 2013 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-toi6_5-0) D'Cruz, Caroline (28 February 2012). "Accessories overshadowed by clothes at AIFW" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130527223356/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-28/designers/31075215_1_accessory-designers-wifw-indian-women) . The Times of India (/wiki/The_Times_of_India) . Archived from the original (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-28/designers/31075215_1_accessory-designers-wifw-indian-women) on 27 May 2013 . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-ei7_6-0) Sharma Zakaria, Namrata (14 May 2008). "The FDCI's slip is showing" (https://archive.today/20130122190319/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/the-fdcis-slip-is-showing/309365/) . Express India . Archived from the original (http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/the-fdcis-slip-is-showing/309365/) on 22 January 2013 . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-ei4_7-0) PRABHU, VIDYA (3 December 2012). "The Growth Chart" (https://archive.today/20130122145020/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/the-growth-chart/1039446/) . Express India . Archived from the original (http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/the-growth-chart/1039446/) on 22 January 2013 . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-cnbc2_8-0) "FDCI ties up with coveted New Zealand Fashion Extravaganza" (http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/fdci-ties-upcoveted-new-zealand-fashion-extravaganza_200693.html) . CNBC TV 18 . 1 February 2006 . Retrieved 17 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-mxm8_9-0) "Vogue announces first fashion fund with FDCI" (http://www.mxmindia.com/2012/05/vogue-announces-first-fashion-fund-with-fdci/) . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-dc15_10-0) Shrivastava, Nivi (20 January 2013). "Cotton goes fashionable" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181126181108/http://www.asianage.com/life-and-style/cotton-goes-fashionable-332) . Deccan Chronicle . Archived from the original (http://www.asianage.com/life-and-style/cotton-goes-fashionable-332) on 26 November 2018 . Retrieved 29 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-db16_11-0) Singh, Bhupinder (29 January 2013). "Creativity enmeshed in cotton: 5 finalists of 'Lets Design' (http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/DEL-delhi-creativity-enmeshed-in-cotton-5-finalists-of----lets-design----4162715-PHO.html) " (http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/DEL-delhi-creativity-enmeshed-in-cotton-5-finalists-of----lets-design----4162715-PHO.html) . Daily Bhaskar.com . Retrieved 29 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "AIFW: Nida Mahmood X Milind Soman's collection launches India's first running sari" (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/shows/aifw-nida-mahmood-x-milind-somans-collection-launches-indias-first-running-sari/articleshow/61068378.cms?from=md) . The Times of India . 13 October 2017. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0971-8257 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257) . Retrieved 5 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-TH13_13-0) Malhotra, Anjali (13 March 2004). "Designer garments on sale" (https://web.archive.org/web/20040507044643/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/03/13/stories/2004031300370200.htm) . The Hindu (/wiki/The_Hindu) . Archived from the original (http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/03/13/stories/2004031300370200.htm) on 7 May 2004 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-TH20_14-0) "Different strokes" (https://web.archive.org/web/20030623120834/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/03/06/stories/2003030600410200.htm) . The Hindu (/wiki/The_Hindu) . 6 March 2003. Archived from the original (http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/03/06/stories/2003030600410200.htm) on 23 June 2003 . Retrieved 11 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-TOI10_15-0) "Creativity for charity at this do" (https://archive.today/20130126043602/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-01/delhi/28140748_1_fashion-design-council-autos-fashion-week) . The Times of India (/wiki/The_Times_of_India) . 1 April 2010. Archived from the original (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-01/delhi/28140748_1_fashion-design-council-autos-fashion-week) on 26 January 2013 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-IE11_16-0) Gupta, Apoorva (9 May 2010). "Art on Wheels" (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Teachers--meet-to-frame-sample-papers-kicks-off/616270) . Indian Express . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-IT15_17-0) "Painted auto-rickshaws to be auctioned at WIFW" (http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Painted+auto-rickshaws+to+be+auctioned+at+WIFW/1/88033.html) . India Today . 13 March 2010 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-TOI9_18-0) "FDCI's art exhibition for charity" (https://archive.today/20130126114141/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-02/delhi/28306857_1_husain-painting-carpet-art-exhibition) . The Times of India (/wiki/The_Times_of_India) . 2 July 2010. Archived from the original (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-02/delhi/28306857_1_husain-painting-carpet-art-exhibition) on 26 January 2013 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-TOI14_19-0) Sharma, Garima (10 February 2012). "WIFW to announce vegan fashion bill" (https://archive.today/20130126064518/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-10/shows/31042504_1_fashion-peta-india-poorva-joshipura) . The Times of India (/wiki/The_Times_of_India) . Archived from the original (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-10/shows/31042504_1_fashion-peta-india-poorva-joshipura) on 26 January 2013 . Retrieved 20 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-lm18_20-0) Vasudev, Shefalee (21 December 2012). "2012: Fashion's firsts" (http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/7yxHhV9DyXqQ2UbqnRPH1J/2012-Fashions-firsts.html) . live mint & the wall street journal . Retrieved 12 January 2013 . External links [ edit ] Official Website (http://www.fdci.org) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐bdcc7b545‐6g5zm Cached time: 20240715165056 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.297 seconds Real time usage: 0.371 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2058/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 40986/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 844/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 77937/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.194/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5841679/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 342.121 1 -total 55.89% 191.203 1 Template:Reflist 48.23% 165.009 19 Template:Cite_news 18.89% 64.639 1 Template:Infobox_organisation 17.63% 60.333 1 Template:Short_description 16.90% 57.807 1 Template:Infobox 10.72% 36.679 2 Template:Pagetype 5.03% 17.219 2 Template:Unbulleted_list 4.11% 14.053 6 Template:Main_other 3.84% 13.150 1 Template:EngvarB Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37953327-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715165056 and revision id 1234686194. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Design_Council_of_India&oldid=1234686194 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Design_Council_of_India&oldid=1234686194) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian fashion (/wiki/Category:Indian_fashion) Fashion organizations (/wiki/Category:Fashion_organizations) 1998 establishments in Delhi (/wiki/Category:1998_establishments_in_Delhi) Organizations established in 1998 (/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_1998) Trade associations based in India (/wiki/Category:Trade_associations_based_in_India) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) EngvarB from May 2014 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_May_2014) Use dmy dates from May 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2014)
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Modern fashion in Iran Not to be confused with Persian clothing (/wiki/Persian_clothing) , for clothing prior to 1930s. An Iranian woman in Tehran (/wiki/Tehran) (2019) Fashion in Iran has a cultural and economic impact on the county of Iran (/wiki/Iran) . During the Pahlavi era (/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty) around the mid-1930s, Western fashion was introduced to the country (then called Persia) and greatly influenced women's style. After the Iranian Revolution (/wiki/Iranian_Revolution) in 1978–1979, the hijab (/wiki/Hijab) has become compulsory, which impacted the creation of clothing (/wiki/Clothing) style. Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) festivals inside Iran were not held after the 1979 revolution (/wiki/1979_revolution) , and the last selection ceremony of the beauty queen of Iran was held in 1978 in this country. After this, a high number of Iranian girls participated in the Beauty pageant and Miss Universe outside of Iran. Sahar Biniaz (/wiki/Sahar_Biniaz) ( Miss Universe Canada 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Canada_2012) ) and Shermineh Shahrivar (/wiki/Shermine_Shahrivar) ( Miss Germany (/wiki/Miss_Germany) and Miss Europe (/wiki/Miss_Europe) ) are examples of Iranian models (/wiki/Model_(person)) outside Iran. Social media networks have played a significant role in increasing the income from modeling in Iran. Additionally many Iranian fashion designers have found success living in the diaspora. History [ edit ] See also: Persian clothing, for clothing prior to 1930s (/wiki/Persian_clothing) Women's fashion [ edit ] See also: Women in Iran (/wiki/Women_in_Iran) Iranian fashion model wearing Persian leather boots Iranian women's high end clothing, before the 1979 revolution (/wiki/1979_revolution) . Attempts at changing dress norms (and perspectives toward it) occurred in mid-1930s when pro-Western (/wiki/Westernization) ruler Reza Shah (/wiki/Reza_Shah) issued a decree banning all veils (/wiki/Veil) . [1] (#cite_note-Hoodfar-1) [2] (#cite_note-Milani-2) [3] (#cite_note-Paidar-3) [4] (#cite_note-Majd-4) [5] (#cite_note-CurtisHooglund-5) Many types of male traditional clothing were also banned. [6] (#cite_note-Katouzian3-6) [7] (#cite_note-Katouzian4-7) [8] (#cite_note-Katouzian6-8) Western historians state that this would have been a progressive step if women had indeed chosen to do it themselves, but instead this ban humiliated and alienated many Iranian women (/wiki/Iranian_women) , [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) [10] (#cite_note-Heath-10) [11] (#cite_note-Chehabi-11) [3] (#cite_note-Paidar-3) since its effect was comparable to the hypothetical situation in which the European women had suddenly been ordered to go out topless (/wiki/Toplessness) into the street. [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) [6] (#cite_note-Katouzian3-6) [7] (#cite_note-Katouzian4-7) [8] (#cite_note-Katouzian6-8) A far larger escalation of violence occurred in the summer of 1935 when Reza Shah ordered all men to wear European-style bowler hat (/wiki/Bowler_hat) , which was Western par excellence. This provoked massive non-violent demonstrations in July in the city of Mashhad (/wiki/Mashhad) . [11] (#cite_note-Chehabi-11) [2] (#cite_note-Milani-2) [4] (#cite_note-Majd-4) [6] (#cite_note-Katouzian3-6) [7] (#cite_note-Katouzian4-7) [8] (#cite_note-Katouzian6-8) [12] (#cite_note-Beeman-12) This decision by Reza Shah was criticized even by British consul in Tehran (/wiki/Tehran) . [13] (#cite_note-Abrahamian-13) Later, official measures relaxed slightly under next ruler (/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi) and wearing of the headscarf or chador was no longer an offence, but for his regime (/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty) it became a significant hindrance to climbing the social ladder as it was considered a badge of backwardness and an indicator of being a member of the lower class. [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) A few years prior to the Iranian revolution (/wiki/Iranian_revolution) , a tendency towards questioning the relevance of Eurocentric gender roles as the model for Iranian society gained much ground among university students, and this sentiment was manifested in street demonstrations where many women from the non-veiled middle classes put on the veil [1] (#cite_note-Hoodfar-1) [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) [2] (#cite_note-Milani-2) [14] (#cite_note-GheibyRussellAlgar-14) [15] (#cite_note-Ramezani10-15) and symbolically rejected the gender ideology of Pahlavi regime (/wiki/Pahlavi_regime) and its aggressive deculturalization. [1] (#cite_note-Hoodfar-1) [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) [2] (#cite_note-Milani-2) [3] (#cite_note-Paidar-3) [15] (#cite_note-Ramezani10-15) Wearing of headscarf and chador was one of main symbols of the 1979 revolution (/wiki/1979_revolution) , [2] (#cite_note-Milani-2) [3] (#cite_note-Paidar-3) [16] (#cite_note-Ramezani8-16) [15] (#cite_note-Ramezani10-15) Wearing headscarves (/wiki/Headscarves) and chadors (/wiki/Chador) was used as a significant populist (/wiki/Populist) tool and Iranian veiled women played an important rule in the revolution's victory. [9] (#cite_note-El_Guindi-9) [3] (#cite_note-Paidar-3) [5] (#cite_note-CurtisHooglund-5) Since hijab was legally imposed on all Iranian women in 1984, [15] (#cite_note-Ramezani10-15) post revolutionary Iranian women's fashion has seen Iranian women attempt to work within the narrow confines of the Islamic modesty code, with the typical attire gradually evolving from the standard black chador to a rousari (simple headscarf) combined with other colorful elements of clothing. [10] (#cite_note-Heath-10) [12] (#cite_note-Beeman-12) Before the Iranian Islamic Revolution (/wiki/Iranian_Islamic_Revolution) of 1979 (during the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi) , the last Shah (/wiki/Shah) of Iran), the hijab was not compulsory, though some Iranian women during this period wore headscarfs or chador (/wiki/Chador) . [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) After 1979 revolution and the hijab [ edit ] This section needs to be updated . The reason given is: Not covering new events -more about hijab-. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( February 2023 ) In Iran, since 1981, after the 1979 Islamic Revolution (/wiki/Iranian_Revolution) , the hijab has become compulsory. All women are required to wear loose-fitting clothing and a headscarf in public. [19] (#cite_note-Ramezani102-19) [20] (#cite_note-Milani2-20) In the Islamic law of Iran imposed shortly after the 1979 revolution, article 638 of 5th book of Islamic Penal Code (called Sanctions and deterrent penalties) women who do not wear a hijab may be imprisoned from ten days to two months, and/or required to pay fines from 50,000 up to 500,000 rials (/wiki/Iranian_rial) . [21] (#cite_note-21) Fines are recalculated in the courts to index for inflation. Article 639 of the same book says, two types of people shall be sentenced one year to ten years' imprisonment; first a person who establishes or directs a place of immorality or prostitution, second, a person who facilitates or encourages people to commit immorality or prostitution. [22] (#cite_note-22) The festivals of the Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) inside Iran were not held after the 1979 revolution (/wiki/1979_revolution) , and the last selection ceremony of the beauty queen of Iran was held in 1978 in this country. After this, a high number of Iranian girls participated in the Beauty pageant and Miss Universe outside of Iran. Sahar Biniaz (/wiki/Sahar_Biniaz) ( Miss Universe Canada 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Canada_2012) ) and Shermineh Shahrivar (/wiki/Shermine_Shahrivar) ( Miss Germany (/wiki/Miss_Germany) and Miss Europe (/wiki/Miss_Europe) ) are examples of Iranian models outside Iran. [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Girls of Enghelab (/wiki/Girls_of_Enghelab_Street) was a series of protests against compulsory hijab (/wiki/Hijab_by_country#Iran) in Iran. The protests were inspired by Vida Movahed (/wiki/Vida_Movahed) , an Iranian woman known as the Girl of Enghelab Street, who stood in the crowd on a utility box in the Enghelab Street (/wiki/Enqelab_Street) (Revolution Street) of Tehran on 27 December 2017, tied her hijab, a white headscarf, to a stick, and waved it to the crowd as a flag. She was arrested on that day and was released temporary on bail a month later, on 28 January 2018. Some people believe that Movahed's action was based on Masih Alinejad (/wiki/Masih_Alinejad) 's call for White Wednesdays (/wiki/White_Wednesdays) , a protest movement that the presenter at VOA Persian Television (/wiki/VOA-PNN) started in early 2017. Other women later re-enacted her protest and posted photos of their actions on social media. These women are described as the "Girls of Enghelab Street" and "The Girls Of Revolution Street" [26] (#cite_note-26) in the English sources. Protests against the compulsory hijab (/wiki/Iranian_protests_against_compulsory_hijab) have been common since 1979, with one of the largest protests taking place between 8 and 14 March 1979, beginning on International Women's Day (/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day) and a day after hijab rules were introduced by the Islamic Republic. [27] (#cite_note-justice4iran.org-27) Protests against mandatory hijab rules continued, such as during the 2019–2020 protests (/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Iranian_protests) , when protesters attacked a Guidance Patrol van and freed two detained women. [28] (#cite_note-28) In 2020, two representatives of Iranian government leader Ali Khamenei (/wiki/Ali_Khamenei) separately said that improperly veiled women should be made to feel "unsafe". The representatives later backtracked and said that their comments were misunderstood. [29] (#cite_note-alar2020-29) Among the general population, an independent survey conducted in the same year showed that 58% of Iranians did not believe in hijab altogether, and 72% were against compulsory hijab rules. Only 15% insisted on the legal obligation to wear it in public. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) Iran has an advanced leather industry (/wiki/Iranian_leather_industry) for women's clothing, however, it needs technology development for export. [32] (#cite_note-32) Common men's clothing in Tehran (/wiki/Tehran) Reza Golzar (/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Golzar) , actor and model Fashion photography for sports outfit, near Milad Tower (/wiki/Milad_Tower) Persian (/wiki/Persians) model in Tehran (September 2018) An Iranian woman in 2019 Persian boots [ edit ] An Iranian woman wearing leather boots in 2018 Ancient Persians (/wiki/Persians) used to wear leather high-heeled boots. Both Persian women and men wore varieties of "tall" boots. In modern era, boot (/wiki/Boot) became a main and common footwear among Iranian women, and this influenced the Iranian fashion industry. The sale of women's boots in Iran was reported ten times more than men's boots in a report in the 2000s. [33] (#cite_note-:1-33) One of the main features of Iranian women's fashion is wearing high-heeled boots. Although later hijab was considered to be the main feature. [33] (#cite_note-:1-33) Agencies and models [ edit ] There is a range of fashion models from Iran (or of Iranian descent) that have made it to a high-level fame, such as Nazanin Afshin-Jam (/wiki/Nazanin_Afshin-Jam) , Farzan Athari (/wiki/Farzan_Athari) , Sahar Biniaz (/wiki/Sahar_Biniaz) , Mandana Karimi (/wiki/Mandana_Karimi) , Aylar Lie (/wiki/Aylar_Lie) , Leyla Milani (/wiki/Leyla_Milani) , Shermine Shahrivar (/wiki/Shermine_Shahrivar) and Sadaf Taherian (/wiki/Sadaf_Taherian) . Social media [ edit ] Social media networks have played a significant role in increasing the income from modeling in Iran. The influence of Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) in the expansion of fashion photography in Iran has been mentioned by the Iranian media. [34] (#cite_note-34) List of Iranian fashion designers [ edit ] See also: Category:Iranian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Iranian_fashion_designers) Farnaz Abdoli (/wiki/Farnaz_Abdoli) Ray Aghayan (/wiki/Ray_Aghayan) Haman Alimardani (/wiki/Haman_Alimardani) Bijan (/wiki/Bijan_(designer)) Cleopatra Broumand (/wiki/Cleopatra_Broumand) Melody Ehsani (/wiki/Melody_Ehsani) Paria Farzaneh (/wiki/Paria_Farzaneh) Mimi Fayazi (/wiki/Mimi_Fayazi) Shirin Guild (/wiki/Shirin_Guild) Keyvan Khosrovani (/wiki/Keyvan_Khosrovani) Arefeh Mansouri (/wiki/Arefeh_Mansouri) Manny Mashouf (/wiki/Manny_Mashouf) Saul Maslavi (/wiki/Saul_Maslavi) Hushidar Mortezaie (/wiki/Hushidar_Mortezaie) Tala Raassi (/wiki/Tala_Raassi) Behnaz Sarafpour (/wiki/Behnaz_Sarafpour) Maral Yazarloo (/wiki/Maral_Yazarloo) Mahla Zamani (/wiki/Mahla_Zamani) See also [ edit ] History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Chadors (/wiki/Chador) Headscarves (/wiki/Headscarves) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Hoodfar, Homa (/wiki/Homa_Hoodfar) (fall 1993). The Veil in Their Minds and On Our Heads: The Persistence of Colonial Images of Muslim Women , Resources for feminist research (RFR) / Documentation sur la recherche féministe (DRF), Vol. 22, n. 3/4, pp. 5–18, Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto (OISE), ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0707-8412 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0707-8412) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Milani, Farzaneh (1992). Veils and Words: The Emerging Voices of Iranian Women Writers , Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press (/wiki/Syracuse_University_Press) , pp. 19, 34–37, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780815602668 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815602668) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Paidar, Parvin (1995): Women and the Political Process in Twentieth-Century Iran , Cambridge Middle East studies, Vol. 1, Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press (/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press) , pp. 106–107, 214–215, 218–220, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780521473408 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521473408) ^ Jump up to: a b Majd, Mohammad Gholi (2001). Great Britain and Reza Shah: The Plunder of Iran, 1921–1941 , Gainesville: University Press of Florida (/wiki/University_Press_of_Florida) , pp. 209–13, 217–218, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780813021119 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813021119) ^ Jump up to: a b Curtis, Glenn E.; Hooglund, Eric (2008). Iran: A Country Study , 5th ed, Area handbook series, Washington, DC: Federal Research Division (/wiki/Federal_Research_Division) , Library of Congress (/wiki/Library_of_Congress) , pp. 28, 116–117, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780844411873 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780844411873) ^ Jump up to: a b c Katouzian, Homa (2003). "2. Riza Shah's Political Legitimacy and Social Base, 1921–1941" in Cronin, Stephanie: The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society under Riza Shah, 1921–1941 , pp. 15–37, London; New York: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) ; Taylor & Francis (/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780415302845 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415302845) ^ Jump up to: a b c Katouzian, Homa (2004). "1. State and Society under Reza Shah" in Atabaki, Touraj; Zürcher, Erik-Jan (/wiki/Erik-Jan_Z%C3%BCrcher) : Men of Order: Authoritarian Modernisation in Turkey and Iran, 1918–1942 , pp. 13–43, London; New York: I.B. Tauris (/wiki/I.B._Tauris) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781860644269 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781860644269) ^ Jump up to: a b c Katouzian, Homa (2006). State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis , 2nd ed, Library of modern Middle East studies, Vol. 28, London; New York: I.B. Tauris (/wiki/I.B._Tauris) , pp. 33–34, 335–336, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781845112721 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781845112721) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f El Guindi, Fadwa (1999). Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance , Oxford; New York: Berg Publishers (/wiki/Berg_Publishers) ; Bloomsbury Academic (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Academic) , pp. 3, 13–16, 130, 174–176, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781859739242 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781859739242) ^ Jump up to: a b Heath, Jennifer (2008). The Veil: Women Writers on Its History, Lore, and Politics , Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 66, 252–253, 256, 260, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780520255180 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520255180) ^ Jump up to: a b Chehabi, Houchang Esfandiar (2003): "11. The Banning of the Veil and Its Consequences" in Cronin, Stephanie: The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society under Riza Shah, 1921–1941 , pp. 203–221, London; New York: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) ; Taylor & Francis (/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780415302845 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415302845) ^ Jump up to: a b Beeman, William Orman (2008). The Great Satan vs. the Mad Mullahs: How the United States and Iran Demonize Each Other , 2nd ed, Chicago: University of Chicago Press (/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press) , pp. 108, 152, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780226041476 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226041476) ^ (#cite_ref-Abrahamian_13-0) Abrahamian, Ervand (2008). A History of Modern Iran , Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press (/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press) , pp. 84, 94–95, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780521528917 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521528917) ^ (#cite_ref-GheibyRussellAlgar_14-0) Gheiby, Bijan; Russell, James R.; Algar, Hamid (1990). "Čādor (2)" in Yarshater, Ehsan: Encyclopædia Iranica (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica) , Vol. IV, Fasc. 6, pp. 609–611, London; New York: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) & Kegan Paul, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780710091321 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780710091321) ^ Jump up to: a b c d Ramezani, Reza (spring 2007). Hijab dar Iran az Enqelab-e Eslami ta payan Jang-e Tahmili [Hijab in Iran from the Islamic Revolution to the end of the Imposed war] (Persian), Faslnamah-e Takhassusi-ye Banuvan-e Shi’ah [Quarterly Journal of Shiite Women] 11 , Qom: Muassasah-e Shi’ah Shinasi, pp. 251–300, ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1735-4730 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1735-4730) ^ (#cite_ref-Ramezani8_16-0) Ramezani, Reza (2008). Hijab dar Iran, dar doure-ye Pahlavi-ye dovvom [Hijab in Iran, the second Pahlavi era] (Persian), Faslnamah-e Takhassusi-ye Banuvan-e Shi’ah [Quarterly Journal of Shiite Women], Qom: Muassasah-e Shi’ah Shinasi, ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1735-4730 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1735-4730) ^ (#cite_ref-17) El Guindi, Fadwa (1999). Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance. Oxford; New York: Berg Publishers; Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 3, 13–16, 130, 174–176 . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781859739242 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Abrahamian, Ervand (2008). A History of Modern Iran. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 84, 94–95. ISBN 9780521528917 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ramezani102_19-0) Ramezani, Reza (2010). Hijab dar Iran az Enqelab-e Eslami ta payan Jang-e Tahmili [Hijab in Iran from the Islamic Revolution to the end of the Imposed war] (Persian), Faslnamah-e Takhassusi-ye Banuvan-e Shi’ah [Quarterly Journal of Shiite Women], Qom: Muassasah-e Shi’ah Shinasi, ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1735-4730 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1735-4730) ^ (#cite_ref-Milani2_20-0) Milani, Farzaneh (1992). Veils and Words: The Emerging Voices of Iranian Women Writers , Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press (/wiki/Syracuse_University_Press) , p. 19, 34–37, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780815602668 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815602668) ^ (#cite_ref-21) "638". Book #5 of the Islamic Penal Code (Sanctions and deterrent penalties) (in Persian) . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "639". Book #5 of the Islamic Penal Code (Sanctions and deterrent penalties) (in Persian) . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "مسابقه ملکه زیبایی ایران در کانادا" (https://www.radiofarda.com/a/f12-iranian-beauty-contest-hel-in-canda/25388427.html) . رادیو فردا (in Persian) . Retrieved 2020-06-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "ملکه زیبایی ایرانیتبار در شو تلویزیونی "آلمان میرقصد" (https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D9%88-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%AF/g-36311497) " (https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D9%88-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%AF/g-36311497) . Deutsche Welle (in Persian). 2016-08-11 . Retrieved 2020-06-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) نیوز, اخبار روز ایران و جهان | آفتاب. "بازیگر ایرانی، دختر شایسته کانادا شد!؟ +عکس" (http://aftabnews.ir/fa/news/433169) . fa (in Persian) . Retrieved 2020-06-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "In Tehran, New Hijab Protester Led Off By Police" (https://www.voanews.com/a/in-tehran-new-hijab-protester-led-off-by-police/4635838.html) . VOA . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190410053150/https://www.voanews.com/a/in-tehran-new-hijab-protester-led-off-by-police/4635838.html) from the original on 10 April 2019 . Retrieved 14 March 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-justice4iran.org_27-0) Thirty-five Years of Forced Hijab: The Widespread and Systematic Violation of Women's Rights in Iran (https://justice4iran.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Hejab-Report-JFI-English.pdf) (PDF) (Report). Justice for Iran (/wiki/Justice_for_Iran) . March 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220119010222/https://justice4iran.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Hejab-Report-JFI-English.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2022 . Retrieved 24 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Qiblawi, Tamara (20 February 2019). "Iranians attack police after women detained for wearing hijabs 'improperly' (https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/19/middleeast/iran-morality-police-intl/index.html) " (https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/19/middleeast/iran-morality-police-intl/index.html) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220623102032/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/19/middleeast/iran-morality-police-intl/index.html) from the original on 23 June 2022 . Retrieved 23 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-alar2020_29-0) Fazeli, Yaghoub (5 October 2020). " (https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2020/10/05/-Improperly-veiled-women-should-be-made-to-feel-unsafe-say-Iran-supreme-leader-reps) 'Improperly veiled' women should be made to feel unsafe, say Iran supreme leader reps" (https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2020/10/05/-Improperly-veiled-women-should-be-made-to-feel-unsafe-say-Iran-supreme-leader-reps) . Al Arabiya (/wiki/Al_Arabiya) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220616125000/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2020/10/05/-Improperly-veiled-women-should-be-made-to-feel-unsafe-say-Iran-supreme-leader-reps) from the original on 16 June 2022 . Retrieved 23 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Maleki, Ammar; Arab, Pooyan Tamimi (August 2020). IRANIANS' ATTITUDES TOWARD RELIGION: A 2020 SURVEY REPORT (https://gamaan.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/GAMAAN-Iran-Religion-Survey-2020-English.pdf) (PDF) (Report). The Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in IRAN (GAMAAN). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220911213115/https://gamaan.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/GAMAAN-Iran-Religion-Survey-2020-English.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 11 September 2022 . Retrieved 25 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "The Observer view on the backlash in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini" (https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/sep/25/observer-view-backlash-iran-death-mahsa-amini) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . 25 September 2022. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220925083200/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/sep/25/observer-view-backlash-iran-death-mahsa-amini) from the original on 25 September 2022 . Retrieved 25 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "صنعت چرم کشور در انتظار توسعه فناوری" (https://www.irna.ir/news/84109804/صنعت-چرم-کشور-در-انتظار-توسعه-فناوری) . ایرنا (in Persian). 2020-11-15 . Retrieved 2022-08-25 . ^ Jump up to: a b هشت هزار سال تارىخ پوشاک اقوام ايرانى - نسخه اصلاح و بهروزشده ۱۴۰۲ - ۴۵ تا ۵۶ . ^ (#cite_ref-34) YJC, خبرگزاری باشگاه خبرنگاران | آخرین اخبار ایران و جهان | (22 January 2022). "مدلینگ گرایی؛ باتلاقی مدرن در نزدیکی جوانان/ ژست بگیرید تا کسب درآمد کنید!" (http://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7637421) . fa (in Persian) . Retrieved 2023-06-16 . 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(/wiki/Ey_Iran) Other topics Science and technology (/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Iran) Anti-Iranian sentiment (/wiki/Anti-Iranian_sentiment) Tehrangeles (/wiki/Tehrangeles) Category (/wiki/Category:Iran) Portal (/wiki/Portal:Iran) v t e Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) articles Index of fashion articles (/wiki/Index_of_fashion_articles) General Environmental impact of fashion (/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion) Fashion accessory (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Fashion design (/wiki/Fashion_design) Fashion design copyright (/wiki/Fashion_design_copyright) Fashion matrix (/wiki/Fashion_matrix) Fashion museum (/wiki/Fashion_museum) Fashion plate (/wiki/Fashion_plate) Fashion tourism (/wiki/Fashion_tourism) Semiotics of fashion (/wiki/Semiotics_of_fashion) History (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) History of Western fashion (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Timeline of clothing and textiles technology (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) 19th century (/wiki/19th_century_in_fashion) 21st century (/wiki/21st_century_in_fashion) Events (/wiki/List_of_fashion_events) Fashion show (/wiki/Fashion_show) Fashion week (/wiki/Fashion_week) Industry (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Awards (/wiki/Category:Fashion_awards) Clothing industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) Designer clothing (/wiki/Designer_clothing) Digital fashion (/wiki/Digital_fashion) Fashion blog (/wiki/Fashion_blog) Fashion capital (/wiki/Fashion_capital) Fashion entrepreneur (/wiki/Fashion_entrepreneur) Fashion editor (/wiki/Fashion_editor) Fashion forecasting (/wiki/Fashion_forecasting) Fashion illustration (/wiki/Fashion_illustration) Fashion influencer (/wiki/Fashion_influencer) Fashion journalism (/wiki/Fashion_journalism) Fashion law (/wiki/Fashion_law) Fashion photography (/wiki/Fashion_photography) Fashion merchandising (/wiki/Fashion_merchandising) Fast fashion 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Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Religious (/wiki/Religious_clothing) Christian (/wiki/Christian_clothing) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing) Islamic (/wiki/Islamic_fashion) Modest fashion (/wiki/Modest_fashion) Casual (/wiki/Casual_wear) Smart casual (/wiki/Smart_casual) British country clothing (/wiki/British_country_clothing) Business casual (/wiki/Business_casual) Chic (/wiki/Chic) Cruise collection (/wiki/Cruise_collection) Preppy (/wiki/Preppy) Ivy League (/wiki/Ivy_League_(clothes)) Mod (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)) Sloane Ranger (/wiki/Sloane_Ranger) Teddy Boys (/wiki/Teddy_Boys) Young fogey (/wiki/Young_fogey) Street fashion (/wiki/Street_fashion) Streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) Hip hop (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) Hippie (/wiki/Hippie#Art_and_fashion) Hipster (/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)) Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear) Athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) Gorpcore (/wiki/Gorpcore) Sportswear fashion (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) Surfwear 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(/wiki/German_fashion) Indian fashion (/wiki/Fashion_in_India) Iranian fashion Israeli fashion (/wiki/Israeli_fashion) Italian fashion (/wiki/Italian_fashion) History (/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion) Japanese fashion (/wiki/Japanese_street_fashion) Nigerian fashion (/wiki/Fashion_in_Nigeria) Russian fashion (/wiki/Russian_fashion) South Korean fashion (/wiki/Fashion_in_South_Korea) Swedish fashion (/wiki/Swedish_fashion) Thai fashion (/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing) Vietnamese clothing (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing) Fashion activism (/wiki/Fashion_activism) Anti-fashion (/wiki/Anti-fashion) Anti-sweatshop movement (/wiki/Anti-sweatshop_movement) Circular fashion (/wiki/Circular_fashion) Sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) Slow fashion (/wiki/Slow_fashion) Trashion (/wiki/Trashion) Zero-waste fashion (/wiki/Zero-waste_fashion) See also Ballet and fashion (/wiki/Ballet_and_fashion) Capsule wardrobe (/wiki/Capsule_wardrobe) Chinoiserie in fashion (/wiki/Chinoiserie_in_fashion) 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_in_Iran&oldid=1235155203 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_in_Iran&oldid=1235155203) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Iranian fashion (/wiki/Category:Iranian_fashion) Iranian clothing (/wiki/Category:Iranian_clothing) Hidden categories: CS1 Persian-language sources (fa) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Persian-language_sources_(fa)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2023 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_February_2023) All Wikipedia articles in need of updating (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
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Line of shoes by Adidas Adidas Campus Adidas Campus 80s in blue Type Sneakers (/wiki/Sneakers) Inventor Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Inception 1970s ; 53 years ago ( 1970s ) Manufacturer Adidas Available Yes Website adidas.com (https://www.adidas.com/campus) Adidas Campus is an athletic shoe created by Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) that was released in the 1970s. The shoes were first released as basketball shoes before switching to lifestyle shoes. The unique design of the shoe helped make it popular as a chunkier alternative to Adidas' other sneakers. Overview [ edit ] The original name of the shoes were Tournament later being renamed to Campus in the 1980s. Part of what made the shoes a success is the thicker overall design of the shoe when compared to other shoes from Adidas like the Samba (/wiki/Adidas_Samba) or Gazelle (/wiki/Adidas_Gazelle) . [1] (#cite_note-1) This can be seen from the bigger sole, the bigger upper of the shoe, and even the wider stripes on the sides. This made the shoe a better option for people who prefer comfortability or even a wider shoe for their feet. The shoe also has a more simpler design with the toe box with a plain look rather than a unique design like similar Adidas shoes. Models [ edit ] Campus 80s [ edit ] The original shoe is officially referred to as Campus 80s and keeps the aesthetics of the original release. [2] (#cite_note-2) This version was reintroduced in the late 2010s. [3] (#cite_note-3) Campus 00s [ edit ] Adidas Campus 00s in brown In 2022, Adidas released an even chunkier version of the shoe called the Campus 00s . The name being an inspiration to the chunky designs of shoes from the 2000s, specifically lifestyle and skateboarding shoes. [4] (#cite_note-4) This can be seen in the quality of the suede used for the shoe, the bigger sole and upper, the wide laces, and even the wider 3 stripe design. [5] (#cite_note-5) Campus ADV [ edit ] A skate specific version was also released which featured better cushioning, a stronger upper, and reinforced heel to better perform tricks and withstand the wear from skate boarding. [6] (#cite_note-6) Collaborations [ edit ] Adidas decided to collaborate with Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) on different designs of some of their shoes with one of them being the "Campus 80s" released in February 25, 2023. [7] (#cite_note-7) A special project with Korn (/wiki/Korn) resulted in the release of special versions of the "Campus 00s" and the "Supermodified" along with apparel in October 27, 2023. [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "The Adidas Campus 80 Is The Sneaker Underdog You Need To Know" (https://www.mrporter.com/en-de/journal/fashion/partnership-adidas-campus-80-sneakers-aw22-23684368) . Mr Porter . 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "BACK TO THE 1980'S: THE RETURN OF THE ADIDAS CAMPUS" (https://blog.schuh.co.uk/adidas-campus/#:~:text=The%20adidas%20Campus%20was%20originally%20called%20%E2%80%98Tournament%E2%80%99%20in,a%20casual%20skate%20shoe%20with%20a%20vulcanised%20sole.) . Schuh . 2017-04-10 . Retrieved 2024-01-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "WHY THE ADIDAS CAMPUS 00S IS A HIT SNEAKER" (https://www.soleretriever.com/news/articles/adidas-campus-00s-popular-sneaker-trend#:~:text=The%20Campus%20traces%20its%20roots%20back%20to%20the,it%20became%20more%20than%20just%20a%20basketball%20sneaker.) . Sole Retriever . 2023-06-29 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Samba'd Out? Check Out The adidas Campus 00s, A Chunky "Y2K" Alternative" (https://sneakernews.com/2023/10/05/where-to-buy-adidas-campus-00s/) . SNEAKER NEWS . 2022-12-16 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Mmmm, a classic, cosy Adidas Campus – just as the early '00s intended" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/fashion/article/adidas-campus-00s-2022) . GQ UK . 2022-11-03 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The Sneakers That Go With Everything In Your Closet" (https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/a25400612/adidas-campus-adv-sneakers-endorsement/) . Esquire . 2018-12-05 . Retrieved 2024-01-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Bad Bunny To Debut The adidas Campus Light "Cloud White" On Feb. 25" (https://sneakernews.com/2023/01/03/bad-bunny-adidas-campus-cloud-white-fz5823/) . SNEAKER NEWS . 2023-02-23 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Korn's Adidas Collaboration Officially Drops Next Week" (https://www.complex.com/sneakers/a/brendan-dunne/korn-adidas-collaboration-campus-00s-supermodified) . Complex . 2023-10-19 . Retrieved 2023-10-27 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.adidas.com/campus) v t e Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Subsidiaries Current Adidas Runtastic (/wiki/Adidas_Runtastic) Former Adams (/wiki/Adams_Golf) Ashworth (/wiki/Ashworth_(clothing)) CCM (/wiki/CCM_(ice_hockey)) Maxfli (/wiki/Maxfli) miCoach (/wiki/Adidas_miCoach) Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) Rockport (/wiki/Rockport_(company)) Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) TaylorMade (/wiki/TaylorMade) Brands Adicolor (/wiki/Adicolor) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Adidas Originals (/wiki/Adidas_Originals) Adidas Parley (/wiki/Adidas_Parley) Y-3 (/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto) Yeezy (/wiki/Adidas_Yeezy) Products Sneakers Adidas 1 (/wiki/Adidas_1) Boost (material) (/wiki/Boost_(material)) Campus Forum (/wiki/Adidas_Forum) Gazelle (/wiki/Adidas_Gazelle) NMD (/wiki/Adidas_NMD) Samba (/wiki/Adidas_Samba) Spezial (/wiki/Adidas_Handball_Spezial) Stan Smith (/wiki/Adidas_Stan_Smith) Superstar (/wiki/Adidas_Superstar) Top Ten (/wiki/Adidas_Top_Ten) Ultraboost (/wiki/Adidas_Ultraboost) Balls Al Rihla (/wiki/Adidas_Al_Rihla) Argentum (/wiki/Adidas_Argentum) Azteca (/wiki/Adidas_Azteca) Beau Jeu (/wiki/Adidas_Beau_Jeu) Brazuca (/wiki/Adidas_Brazuca) Conext (/wiki/Adidas_Conext) Etrusco (/wiki/Adidas_Etrusco_Unico) Europass (/wiki/Adidas_Europass) Fevernova (/wiki/Adidas_Fevernova) Finale (/wiki/Adidas_Finale) Jabulani (/wiki/Adidas_Jabulani) Nativo (/wiki/Adidas_Nativo) Pelias (/wiki/Adidas_Pelias) Prime (/wiki/Adidas_Prime) Questra (/wiki/Adidas_Questra) Roteiro (/wiki/Adidas_Roteiro) Tango (/wiki/Adidas_Tango) Tango 12 (/wiki/Adidas_Tango_12) Tango España (/wiki/Adidas_Tango_Espa%C3%B1a) Teamgeist (/wiki/Adidas_Teamgeist) Telstar (/wiki/Adidas_Telstar) Telstar 18 (/wiki/Adidas_Telstar_18) Torfabrik (/wiki/Adidas_Torfabrik) Tricolore (/wiki/Adidas_Tricolore) Uniforia (/wiki/Adidas_Uniforia) Football boots AdiPure (/wiki/AdiPure) Copa Mundial (/wiki/Adidas_Copa_Mundial) Nemeziz (/wiki/Adidas_Nemeziz) Predator (/wiki/Adidas_Predator) People Adolf Dassler (/wiki/Adolf_Dassler) Horst Dassler (/wiki/Horst_Dassler) Rudolf Dassler (/wiki/Rudolf_Dassler) Bjorn Gulden (/w/index.php?title=Bjorn_Gulden&action=edit&redlink=1) Robert Louis-Dreyfus (/wiki/Robert_Louis-Dreyfus) Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) Kasper Rørsted (/wiki/Kasper_R%C3%B8rsted) Stan Smith (/wiki/Stan_Smith) Bernard Tapie (/wiki/Bernard_Tapie) Sonny Vaccaro (/wiki/Sonny_Vaccaro) Yohji Yamamoto (/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto) Related topics Dassler brothers feud (/wiki/Dassler_brothers_feud) Generation Adidas (/wiki/Generation_Adidas) Statue of Adolf Dassler (/wiki/Statue_of_Adolf_Dassler) Three stripes (/wiki/Three_stripes) Category}} (/wiki/Category:Adidas) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Adidas) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐zpzjf Cached time: 20240716044807 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.382 seconds Real time usage: 0.597 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1214/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43235/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 911/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 39616/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.254/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5329181/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 536.266 1 -total 34.30% 183.944 1 Template:Short_description 24.30% 130.307 6 Template:Main_other 23.77% 127.481 1 Template:Reflist 23.74% 127.292 1 Template:SDcat 22.57% 121.046 3 Template:Navbox 22.15% 118.775 1 Template:Adidas 20.58% 110.344 8 Template:Cite_web 17.51% 93.901 1 Template:Infobox_product 16.46% 88.294 1 Template:Infobox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:75163867-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716044807 and revision id 1219014893. 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American photographer and gallerist Ethan James Green Born Ethan James Green 1990 (age 33–34) [1] (#cite_note-nyer-1) Caledonia (/wiki/Caledonia,_Michigan) , Michigan (/wiki/Michigan) , U.S. Occupation Photographer Height 6 ft 2 in (188 cm) Signature Ethan James Green is an American photographer, filmmaker, director, and gallerist. Early life [ edit ] Green grew up in Caledonia, Michigan, where, at the age of 14, he began photographing his friends. In 2007, at age 17, he signed with Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) , [2] (#cite_note-aperture-2) and he moved to New York City the following year. [3] (#cite_note-3) As a model, he appeared in a prominent campaign for Calvin Klein, [4] (#cite_note-4) and was photographed by David Armstrong (/wiki/David_Armstrong_(photographer)) , appearing in Armstrong's 2011 book 615 Jefferson Ave . [5] (#cite_note-5) He began working at Armstrong's assistant, [6] (#cite_note-6) and Armstrong became his mentor. [1] (#cite_note-nyer-1) [7] (#cite_note-lensculture-7) Work [ edit ] Photography [ edit ] In New York, Green continued his earlier practice of photographing his friends. He met potential subjects at clubs [8] (#cite_note-8) and on Instagram, [2] (#cite_note-aperture-2) including actress and model Hari Nef (/wiki/Hari_Nef) , stylist and Interview's (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) fashion director Dara, models Marcs Goldberg and Stevie Triano, writer Devan Diaz, and artist and poet Ser Serpas (/wiki/Ser_Serpas) . [7] (#cite_note-lensculture-7) In 2014, [9] (#cite_note-9) Green began taking portraits of his queer, transgender, and nonbinary friends, usually in the Lower East Side (/wiki/Lower_East_Side) 's Corlears Hook Park. Green is openly gay and captured friends and figures within carious queer ecosystems in New York. [10] (#cite_note-10) The portraits, some of which appeared on Tumblr, garnered attention, and drew comparisons to Diane Arbus (/wiki/Diane_Arbus) . [1] (#cite_note-nyer-1) [2] (#cite_note-aperture-2) In 2019, Aperture Foundation (/wiki/Aperture_Foundation) published the portraits as the monograph Young New York . As a commercial photographer, Green has shot covers and editorials for Arena Homme + (/wiki/Arena_Homme_%2B) , Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) , i-D (/wiki/I-D) , Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) , Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_France) , and W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) ; campaigns for Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , and Versace (/wiki/Versace) ; and has photographed fashion, pop culture, and queer celebrities such as Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) , Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) , Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , RuPaul (/wiki/RuPaul) , and John Waters (/wiki/John_Waters) . [11] (#cite_note-11) New York Life Gallery [ edit ] In the face of professional adversity in 2022, Green recalibrated his career trajectory, transforming his Chinatown-based studio into the New York Life Gallery. Initially starting as a hobby, this space—dedicated to experimental art exhibitions and the promotion of emerging and overlooked artists—rapidly integrated into his professional persona. The gallery has hosted noteworthy exhibitions, such as a live show by painter and illustrator Drake Carr (/wiki/Drake_Carr) and the archival showcase of the late Steven Cuffie. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Exhibitions [ edit ] 2019 – Taylor Wessing Photographic Portrait Prize , National Portrait Gallery (/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London) , London [14] (#cite_note-14) 2022 – Made to Last , Fotografiska New York (/wiki/Fotografiska_New_York) , New York City [15] (#cite_note-15) Publications [ edit ] Maheshwar . New York, NY: Dashwood Books. 2019. (zine) Young New York . New York, NY: Aperture. 2019. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781597114547 . Bombshell . New York, NY: Dashwood Books. 2021. (zine) Bombshell . London, UK: Baron Books. 2022. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Schulman, Michael (March 12, 2019). "A Counterculture Portraitist's Chronicle of New York's Youth" (https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/a-counterculture-portraitists-chronicle-of-new-yorks-youth) . The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Shulman, Michael (/wiki/Michael_Shulman_(writer)) (2017). "Ethan James Green" (https://issues.aperture.org/article/2017/4/4/ethan-james-green) . Aperture (/wiki/Aperture_(magazine)) . No. 229. pp. 130–137. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Allen, Eric (April 9, 2019). "Ethan James Green Photographs 'Young New York' (https://thelast-magazine.com/ethan-james-green-photography-book-young-new-york/) " (https://thelast-magazine.com/ethan-james-green-photography-book-young-new-york/) . The Last Magazine . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Kevin Carrigan, Ethan James Green & Reid Rohling". Out (/wiki/Out_(magazine)) . Vol. 24, no. 5. December 1, 2015. p. 104. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Exkart, Stephanie (March 21, 2017). "Get to Know Ethan James Green, the Photographer Proving 'Diversity' Isn't Just a Buzzword" (https://www.wmagazine.com/gallery/ethan-james-green-photographer-model-young-new-yorkers-series) . W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Clipson, Ellen. "Ethan James Green's 'Young New York' Captures Stories of Non-Conformists Breaking Stereotypes" (https://www.eyeem.com/blog/ethan-james-green-s-young-new-york-captures-stories-of-non-conformists-breaking-stereotypes) . EyeEm (/wiki/EyeEm) . ^ Jump up to: a b Strecker, Alexander. "Young New Yorkers" (https://www.lensculture.com/articles/ethan-james-green-young-new-yorkers) . LensCulture (/wiki/LensCulture) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Hawgood, Alex (February 2, 2017). "Ex-Model Turns His Lens on Society's Fringe" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/31/fashion/ethan-james-green-model-photographer.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . p. D6. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Morosi, Sara (March 29, 2019). "Ethan James Green on Capturing the Faces of NYC's Queer Youth" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/ethan-james-green-on-capturing-the-faces-of-nycs-queer-youth-11553862914) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Borrelli-Persson, Laird (November 17, 2020). " (https://www.vogue.com/article/forces-of-fashion-2020-tonne-goodman-in-conversation-with-ethan-james-green) "We're at the Beginning of Something Really Great"—Ethan James Green on the Future of Fashion Photography" (https://www.vogue.com/article/forces-of-fashion-2020-tonne-goodman-in-conversation-with-ethan-james-green) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Rodgers, Daniel (July 21, 2021). "The morning after the night before: New York bursts back to life" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/53558/1/ethan-james-green-new-york-party-revellers-akeem-smith-dazed-summer-2021-issue) . Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Ethan James Green's New Gallery Space Celebrates Baltimore Photographer Steven Cuffie" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/ethan-james-green-new-york-life-gallery-steven-cuffie-women) . Vogue . October 27, 2022 . Retrieved March 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "How Photographer Ethan James Green Turned His Studio Into a Bustling Art Gallery" (https://www.culturedmag.com/article/2023/06/21/ethan-james-green-photography-new-york-life-gallery) . Cultured . June 21, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Taylor Wessing photographic Portrait Prize 2019 - in Focus" (https://www.npg.org.uk/whatson/taylor-wessing-photographic-portrait-prize-2019/exhibition/in-focus/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Ethan James Green - "Made to Last" - Exhibition at Fotografiska New York" (https://www.fotografiska.com/nyc/exhibitions/ethan-james-green/) . External links [ edit ] Ethan James Green (https://models.com/people/ethan-james-green) on Models.com Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000500286157) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/13151654632008280229) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1150670339) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987008729562405171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2019061436) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐65687cfdb7‐rtf2q Cached time: 20240623175024 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.568 seconds Real time usage: 1.328 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2527/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37873/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1571/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 71141/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.368/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9290720/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1267.733 1 -total 39.97% 506.688 1 Template:Authority_control 26.60% 337.176 1 Template:Infobox_person 11.06% 140.195 1 Template:Short_description 9.94% 125.956 1 Template:Reflist 8.19% 103.793 4 Template:Cite_book 7.03% 89.062 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.44% 81.584 19 Template:Main_other 5.36% 68.013 1 Template:Wikidata_image 5.31% 67.370 1 Template:Birth_year_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:70319445-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623175024 and revision id 1181823504. 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Novels and short stories with fashion as a topic, theme, setting or some significant element. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐66589bcb49‐k7pnq Cached time: 20240703150614 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.003 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10307120-0!canonical and timestamp 20240703150614 and revision id 1190505131. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total. F Fiction about gemstones (/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_gemstones) (5 C, 17 P) Fictional people in fashion (/wiki/Category:Fictional_people_in_fashion) (7 C, 45 P) Films about fashion (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion) (12 C, 47 P) G Gyaru in fiction (/wiki/Category:Gyaru_in_fiction) (23 P) P Fiction about pearls (/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_pearls) (5 P) S Fiction about shoemakers (/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_shoemakers) (1 C, 18 P) T Fashion-themed television series (/wiki/Category:Fashion-themed_television_series) (5 C, 84 P) Pages in category "Fiction about fashion" The following 16 pages are in this category, out of 16 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Bergdorf Blondes (/wiki/Bergdorf_Blondes) Bernice Bobs Her Hair (/wiki/Bernice_Bobs_Her_Hair) Bless (manga) (/wiki/Bless_(manga)) Bright (novel) (/wiki/Bright_(novel)) C Coco and Igor (/wiki/Coco_and_Igor) D The Devil Wears Prada (novel) (/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_(novel)) Don't I Know You? (/wiki/Don%27t_I_Know_You%3F) F Fashion King (manhwa) (/wiki/Fashion_King_(manhwa)) Fashion Monster (/wiki/Fashion_Monster) G Glamorama (/wiki/Glamorama) I I'll Deal with Him Later (/wiki/I%27ll_Deal_with_Him_Later) L Let's Go to the Mall (/wiki/Let%27s_Go_to_the_Mall) M MsLabelled (/wiki/MsLabelled) P The Prince and the Dressmaker (/wiki/The_Prince_and_the_Dressmaker) S Smile Down the Runway (/wiki/Smile_Down_the_Runway) Sorry Baby (Killing Eve) (/wiki/Sorry_Baby_(Killing_Eve)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fiction_about_fashion&oldid=1190505131 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fiction_about_fashion&oldid=1190505131) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fiction by topic (/wiki/Category:Fiction_by_topic) Works about the fashion industry (/wiki/Category:Works_about_the_fashion_industry)
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American model This article may have been created or edited in return for undisclosed payments , a violation of Wikipedia's terms of use (https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use/en#paid-contrib-disclosure) . It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies (/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies#Content) , particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( November 2018 ) Jourdana Phillips Born ( 1990-07-06 ) July 6, 1990 (age 33) New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , U.S. Nationality American Occupation Model Known for Victoria's Secret Fashion Show, 2016–18 Modeling information Height 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) Hair color Black Eye color Brown Agency Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (New York) Women Management (Paris, Milan) Models 1 (London) Modelwerk (Hamburg) Nomad Management (Los Angeles, Miami) TFM (Oslo) [1] (#cite_note-1) Jourdana Elizabeth Phillips [2] (#cite_note-2) (born 1990) is an American model. Early life [ edit ] Jourdana Phillips was born in Co-op City, Bronx (/wiki/Co-op_City,_Bronx) in New York she lived there till age 6 then moved to Maplewood, New Jersey (/wiki/Maplewood,_New_Jersey) . She moved to Houston, Texas (/wiki/Houston,_Texas) at 11 years old where she attended school and later graduated from Elkins High School (/wiki/Elkins_High_School_(Missouri_City,_Texas)) . She then moved to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) where she attended New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) . She completed a bachelor's degree in Childhood Education in 2015. [3] (#cite_note-Vogue-3) Modelling [ edit ] In 2016 she signed with Supreme Management in New York, as well as Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) in Milan (/wiki/Milan) and Paris and Models 1 (/w/index.php?title=Models_1&action=edit&redlink=1) in London. She has featured in editorials for Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) and Harper’s Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%E2%80%99s_Bazaar) among others and walked in shows for Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) , Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) , Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) , Emporio Armani (/wiki/Emporio_Armani) , Elie Saab (/wiki/Elie_Saab) , Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Cushnie (/wiki/Cushnie_et_Ochs) , Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) , Acne Studios (/wiki/Acne_Studios) , Tod's (/wiki/Tod%27s) , Yeezy (/wiki/Nike_Air_Yeezy) and others. [4] (#cite_note-Elle1-4) [5] (#cite_note-HB1-5) She appeared in the annual Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%E2%80%99s_Secret_Fashion_Show) in 2016, 2017 and 2018.> [6] (#cite_note-EOnline1-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Jourdana Phillips - Model" (https://models.com/models/jourdana-phillips) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Jourdana Phillips (@jourdanaelizabeth) • Instagram photos and videos" (https://www.instagram.com/jourdanaelizabeth/) . www.instagram.com . Retrieved 2019-04-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_3-0) "Victoria's Secret Model Jourdana Phillips on Her Education Equality Mission" (https://www.vogue.com/article/victorias-secret-model-jourdana-phillips-teacher-turned-runway-star) . Vogue . 8 November 2018 . Retrieved 20 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Elle1_4-0) "The Bleached Buzz Cut On Jourdana Phillips At YSL Was A Sight To Behold" (https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/articles/a32076/lets-talk-ysl-hair/) . ELLE . 28 September 2016 . Retrieved 20 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-HB1_5-0) "Watch This Face: Jourdana Phillips" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/news/a40392/watch-this-face-jourdana-phillips) . Harper's BAZAAR . 3 April 2017 . Retrieved 20 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-EOnline1_6-0) "Jourdana Phillips from 2016 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show" (https://m.eonline.com/photos/19823/2016-victoria-s-secret-fashion-show/730845/) . E! Online . Retrieved 20 November 2018 . 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(Redirected from Lumbersexual (/w/index.php?title=Lumbersexual&redirect=no) ) Worker who performs the initial harvesting of trees For other uses, see Lumberjack (disambiguation) (/wiki/Lumberjack_(disambiguation)) . "Wood cutter" redirects here. For other uses, see Woodcutter (disambiguation) (/wiki/Woodcutter_(disambiguation)) . A lumberjack c. 1900 Lumberjack is a mostly North American (/wiki/North_America) term for workers in the logging (/wiki/Logging) industry who perform the initial harvesting and transport of trees. The term usually refers to loggers in the era before 1945 in the United States, when trees were felled using hand tools and dragged by oxen to rivers. The work was difficult, dangerous, intermittent, low-paying, and involved living in primitive conditions. However, the men built a traditional culture that celebrated strength, masculinity (/wiki/Masculinity) , confrontation with danger, and resistance to modernization. [1] (#cite_note-1) Term [ edit ] Jigger Johnson (/wiki/Jigger_Johnson) (d. 1935), the fabled Maine (/wiki/Maine) woodsman whom historians Stewart Holbrook (/wiki/Stewart_Holbrook) and Robert E. Pike call "the last lumberjack" [2] (#cite_note-Holbrook-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Joseph Montferrand (/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand) , legendary Canadian (/wiki/Canadians) lumberjack The term lumberjack is of Canadian derivation. The first attested use of the term combining its two components comes from an 1831 letter to the Cobourg, Ontario (/wiki/Cobourg,_Ontario) , Star and General Advertiser in the following passage: "my misfortunes have been brought upon me chiefly by an incorrigible, though perhaps useful, race of mortals called lumberjacks, whom, however, I would name the Cossacks (/wiki/Cossacks) of Upper Canada (/wiki/Upper_Canada) , who, having been reared among the oaks and pines of the wild forest, have never been subjected to the salutary restraint of laws." [6] (#cite_note-6) The term lumberjack is primarily historical, and of colloquial contemporary usage; logger is commonly used by workers in the 21st century. [7] (#cite_note-7) When lumberjack is used, it usually refers to a logger from an earlier time before the advent of chainsaws (/wiki/Chainsaw) , feller-bunchers (/wiki/Feller-buncher) and other modern logging equipment. Other terms for the occupation include woodcutter , shanty boy [8] (#cite_note-8) and the regional woodhick of Pennsylvania, United States. [ citation needed ] In Australia, the occupation is referred to as timber cutter [9] (#cite_note-9) or cool cutters. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) A logger employed in driving logs down a river was known locally in northern North America as a river pig , river hog , river rat , or catty-man . The term lumberjill has been used for a woman lumberjack; for example, in Britain during World War II. [12] (#cite_note-12) History [ edit ] Lifestyle [ edit ] A Maine logging camp in 1906 Lumberjacks worked in lumber camps (/wiki/Lumber_camp) and often lived a migratory life, following timber harvesting jobs as they opened. [13] (#cite_note-13) Being a lumberjack was seasonal work. Lumberjacks were exclusively men. They usually lived in bunkhouses (/wiki/Bunkhouse) or tents. Common equipment included the axe (/wiki/Axe) [14] (#cite_note-14) and cross-cut saw (/wiki/Cross-cut_saw) . Lumberjacks could be found wherever there were vast forests to be harvested and a demand for wood, most likely in Scandinavia, Canada, and parts of the United States. In the U.S., many lumberjacks were of Scandinavian ancestry, continuing the family tradition. American lumberjacks were first centred in north-eastern states such as Maine. They then followed the general westward migration (/wiki/American_frontier) on the continent to the Upper Midwest (/wiki/Upper_Midwest) , and finally the Pacific Northwest (/wiki/Pacific_Northwest) . Stewart Holbrook (/wiki/Stewart_Holbrook) documented the emergence and westward migration (/wiki/American_frontier) of the classic American lumberjack in his first book, Holy Old Mackinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack . He often wrote colourfully about lumberjacks in his subsequent books, romanticizing them as hard-drinking, hard-working men. Logging camps were slowly phased out between World War II and the early 1960s as crews could by then be transported to remote logging sites in motor vehicles. [15] (#cite_note-15) Division of labour [ edit ] Felling axes Despite the common perception that all loggers cut trees, the actual felling and bucking of trees were specialized job positions done by fallers and buckers. Faller and bucker were once two separate job titles, but they are now combined. [16] (#cite_note-16) The natural division of labour in lumber camps led to other specialized jobs on logging crews, such as whistle punk, high climber, and chaser. [17] (#cite_note-17) The whistle punk's job was to sound a whistle (usually at the Steam donkey (/wiki/Steam_donkey) ) as a signal to the yarder (/wiki/Yarder) operator controlling the movement of logs. He also had to act as a safety lookout. A good whistle punk had to be alert and think fast as others' safety depended on him. The high climber (also known as a tree topper) established a spar (/wiki/Spar_(tree)) tree so logs could be skidded into the landing. Using tree climbing gaffs and rope to ascend a tall tree in the landing area of the logging site, he would chop off limbs as he climbed, chop off the top of the tree, then attach pulleys and rigging to the tree for the yarder. High climbers and whistle punks began to be phased out in the 1960s to early 1970s when portable steel towers began to replace spar trees and radio equipment supplemented whistles for communication. The choker setters attached steel cables (or chokers) to downed logs so they could be dragged into the landing by the yarder, and still do today. The chasers remove the chokers once the logs are at the landing. Choker setters and chasers are often entry-level positions on logging crews, with more experienced loggers seeking to move up to more skill-intensive positions such as yarder operator or supervisory positions such as hook tender. Machinery [ edit ] Before the era of modern diesel or gasoline powered equipment, the existing machinery was steam powered. Animal or steam-powered skidders (/wiki/Skidder) could be used to haul harvested logs to nearby rail roads for shipment to sawmills (/wiki/Sawmill) . Horse driven logging wheels (/w/index.php?title=Michigan_logging_wheels&action=edit&redlink=1) were a means used for moving logs out of the woods. Another way for transporting logs to sawmills was to float them down a body of water or a specially-constructed log flume (/wiki/Log_flume) . Log rolling (/wiki/Log_rolling) , the art of staying on top of a floating log while "rolling" the log by walking, was another skill much in demand among lumberjacks. Spiked boots known as "caulks" or "corks" (/wiki/Caulk_boots) were used for log rolling and often worn by lumberjacks as their regular footwear. The term " skid row (/wiki/Skid_row) ", which today means a poor city neighbourhood frequented by homeless (/wiki/Homeless) people, derives from a way harvested logs were once transported. Logs would be "skidded" down hills or along a corduroy road (/wiki/Corduroy_road) . One such street in Seattle (/wiki/Seattle) was named Skid Road. This street later became frequented by people down on their luck, and both the name and its meaning morphed into the modern term. [ citation needed ] Lumberjacks near Bellingham, Washington, c. 1910 Among the living history (/wiki/Living_history) museums that preserve and interpret the forest industry (/wiki/Forest_industry) are: BC Forest Discovery Centre (/wiki/BC_Forest_Discovery_Centre) , Duncan (/wiki/Duncan,_British_Columbia) Camp Five Museum (/wiki/Camp_Five_Museum) , Laona, Wisconsin (/wiki/Laona,_Wisconsin) The Lumberjack Steam Train (/wiki/Lumberjack_Steam_Train) , a passenger excursion train, operates as part of the museum. Central New Brunswick Woodsmen's Museum, Boiestown, New Brunswick (/wiki/Boiestown,_New_Brunswick) Coos County Logging Museum (/wiki/Coos_County_Logging_Museum) , Myrtle Point, Oregon (/wiki/Myrtle_Point,_Oregon) Cradle of Forestry in America (/wiki/Biltmore_Forest_School) historic site, near Asheville, North Carolina (/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina) Forest History Center (/wiki/Forest_History_Center) , Grand Rapids, Minnesota (/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Minnesota) Hartwick Pines Logging Museum (/wiki/Hartwick_Pines_State_Park) , near Grayling, Michigan (/wiki/Grayling,_Michigan) Lumberman's Monument (/wiki/Lumberman%27s_Monument) , near Oscoda, Michigan (/wiki/Oscoda,_Michigan) Maine Forest & Logging Museum (/wiki/Maine_Forest_%26_Logging_Museum) , Bradley, Maine (/wiki/Bradley,_Maine) Pennsylvania Lumber Museum (/wiki/Pennsylvania_Lumber_Museum) , near Galeton, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Galeton,_Pennsylvania) Algonquin Logging Museum (/wiki/Algonquin_Provincial_Park#Algonquin_Logging_Museum) [18] (#cite_note-18) in Algonquin Provincial Park (/wiki/Algonquin_Provincial_Park) , Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) Culture [ edit ] Lumberjack , painting by Ferdinand Hodler (/wiki/Ferdinand_Hodler) , 1910 Tomczik (2008) has investigated the lifestyle of lumberjacks from 1840 to 1940, using records from mostly Maine and Minnesota logging camps. In a period of industrial development and modernization in urban areas, logging remained a traditional business in which the workers exhibited pride in their craft, masculinity, and closely-guarded individualism. Their camps were a bastion of the traditional workplace, as they intentionally defied modern rationalized management. At the peak in 1906 there were 500,000 lumberjacks. Logging camps were located in isolated areas that provided room and board as well as a workplace. There were usually few women present other than the wives of cooks and foremen. Men earned praise for their skill, competitiveness, and aggression. When not at work, they played rough games, told tall tales (/wiki/Tall_tale) , and built up their reputations by consuming large amounts of food (/wiki/Cookhouse) . By 1940, the business was undergoing major changes, as access roads and automobiles ended residential logging camps, chain saws replaced crosscut saws, and managers installed industrial methods of logging. [19] (#cite_note-19) Evolution [ edit ] Tie hacking [ edit ] A specialty form of logging involving the felling of trees for the production of railroad ties (/wiki/Railroad_tie) was known as tie hacking. These lumberjacks, called tie hacks, used saws to fell trees and cut to length, and a broad-axe (/wiki/Broad-axe) to flatten two or all four sides of the log to create railroad ties. Later, portable saw mills were used to cut and shape ties. Tie hacking was an important form of logging in Wyoming and northern Colorado and the remains of tie hacking camps can be found on National Forest land. The remains of flumes can be seen near Dubois, Wyoming (/wiki/Dubois,_Wyoming) , [20] (#cite_note-20) and Old Roach (/wiki/Old_Roach,_Colorado) , Colorado. In addition, a decaying splash dam exists near the Old Roach site as well. There, tie hacks attempted to float logs down to the Laramie River for the annual spring tie drives, and the splash dam was used to collect winter snow-melt to increase the water flow for the tie drive. [21] (#cite_note-21) Modern technology [ edit ] Main article: Logging (/wiki/Logging) Modern technology changed the job of the modern logger considerably. Although the basic task of harvesting trees is still the same, the machinery and tasks are no longer the same. Many of the old job specialties on logging crews are now obsolete. Chainsaws, harvesters (/wiki/Harvester_(forestry)) , and feller bunchers are now used to cut or fell trees. The tree is turned into logs by removing the limbs (delimbing) and cutting it into logs of optimal length (bucking). The felled tree or logs are moved from the stump to the landing. Ground vehicles such as a skidder (/wiki/Skidder) or forwarder (/wiki/Forwarder) can pull, carry, or shovel the logs. Cable systems "cars" can pull logs to the landing. Logs can also be flown to the landing by helicopter. Logs are commonly transported to the sawmill using trucks. Harvesting methods may include clear cutting (/wiki/Clear_cutting) or selective cutting (/wiki/Selective_cutting) . Concerns over the environmental impact have led to controversy about modern logging practices. In certain areas of forest loggers re-plant their crop for future generations. A Wall Street Journal survey on the best jobs in the United States ended by listing being a logger as the "worst" 3D's (/wiki/Dirty,_Dangerous_and_Demeaning) job, [22] (#cite_note-22) citing "work instability, poor income, and pure danger (/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health) ". According to a Wall St. review studying the 71 most dangerous jobs, the most dangerous job was identified as that of logging workers in 2020. [23] (#cite_note-23) Safety [ edit ] Lumberjacks and loggers have one of the most dangerous jobs in the United States. The constant danger of being around heavy equipment and chainsaws in unsafe areas maximizes the danger. Proper protective equipment consists of eye protection, head protection, ear protection (/wiki/Hearing_protection_device) , long sleeves, chaps (if working with a chainsaw), and steel toe boots. When entering this profession, it is emphasized to be on one's toes because individuals are responsible for their own safety to guard against many uncontrollable hazards in the timber. For example, the weather can cause a dangerous situation quicker than one may realize. [ citation needed ] Additionally, logs and trees often plummet down a mountainside with no regard for what is in the way. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (/wiki/Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Administration) (OSHA) has resources dedicated for logging safety, [24] (#cite_note-24) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health) (NIOSH) has identified logging as a priority area of safety research under the National Occupational Research Agenda (/wiki/National_Occupational_Research_Agenda) . [25] (#cite_note-25) Loggersports [ edit ] Double cut competition at the Lexington Barbecue Festival (/wiki/Lexington_Barbecue_Festival) Standing block chop event at the Great Alaskan Lumberjack Show (/wiki/Great_Alaskan_Lumberjack_Show) The sport of Loggersports grew out of competitions in lumber camps aimed at determining the best woodcutters. Today, these competitions are used to acknowledge the rich history of forestry (/wiki/Forestry) and logging and to keep traditions alive. STIHL Timbersports Series - Worldwide The STIHL Timbersports Series (/wiki/Stihl_Timbersports_Series) was founded in 1985, and brings competitors from across the world to compete in six woodsman (/wiki/Woodsman) or wood chopping (/wiki/Wood-chopping) competitions. The events are broadcast worldwide on a variety of networks, including ESPN, ABC, and Eurosport. [26] (#cite_note-26) Squamish Days Loggers Sports - Canada In Canada (/wiki/Canada) , Squamish Days Loggers Sports in Squamish, British Columbia (/wiki/Squamish,_British_Columbia) , attracts the finest competitors to its weekend festival in August each year. The event has entertainers such as Johnny Cash (/wiki/Johnny_Cash) , who, in 1991, performed at the 5,000-seat Loggers Sports grounds during his Roadshow tour. [27] (#cite_note-27) The Woodsmen's Days - New York, United States The Woodsmen's Days events at Tupper Lake, New York (/wiki/Tupper_Lake,_New_York) commemorate the lumberjack with logging competitions and demonstrations during mid-July. Many colleges have woodsmen teams or forestry clubs who compete regionally, nationally, and internationally. The Association of Southern Forestry Clubs, for example, sponsors an annual Forestry Conclave (/wiki/Forestry_Conclave) with 250 contestants and a variety of events. Lumberjack Tours - United States There are also lumberjack shows which tour the United States, demonstrating traditional logging practices to the general public. The annual Lumberjack World Championships (/wiki/Lumberjack_World_Championships) have been held in Hayward, Wisconsin (/wiki/Hayward,_Wisconsin) since 1960. [28] (#cite_note-28) Over 12,000 visitors come to the event each year in late July to watch men and women compete in 21 different events, including log rolling, chopping, timed hot (power) (/wiki/Hot_Saw) and bucksaw cutting, and tree climbing (/wiki/Tree_climbing) . [29] (#cite_note-29) Lumberjack fashion [ edit ] Example of urban lumberjack fashion In 2014, the term " lumbersexual " emerged in online culture due to an observation that outdoor gear was used because of its aesthetics, not function. [30] (#cite_note-30) Whereas similar terms such as "the Urban Woodsman" existed since 2012, [31] (#cite_note-31) the term "lumbersexual" became popular in fashion magazines and online outlets during 2015 and 2016. [32] (#cite_note-:0-32) The term "lumbersexual" is a near antonymous (/wiki/Antonym) play on the earlier " metrosexual (/wiki/Metrosexual) ", [33] (#cite_note-33) a metropolitan-heterosexual man who values appearances, apparel and aesthetics. Unlike the metrosexual, the lumbersexual is a man who adopted the stylistic traits of outdoor gear, namely a beard (/wiki/Beard) , plaid shirt, and work boots, in urban environments. [32] (#cite_note-:0-32) [34] (#cite_note-34) Media reports show lumbersexuals adorned by neck and sleeve tattoos. Whereas commentators discussed whether the lumbersexual is an attempt to "reclaim masculinity", [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) researchers show that the term is a media representation that very few people actually use for self identification. [32] (#cite_note-:0-32) Popular culture [ edit ] Statue of Paul Bunyan (Portland, Oregon) (/wiki/Statue_of_Paul_Bunyan_(Portland,_Oregon)) , listed on the National Register of Historic Places (/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places) " Nätti-Jussi (/wiki/N%C3%A4tti-Jussi) " ("Pretty-John") was a legendary Finnish (/wiki/Finns) forest laborer and lumberjack. The stories told by Nätti made him a very famous figure, particularly in Lapland (/wiki/Lapland_(Finland)) . [39] (#cite_note-39) In popular culture (/wiki/Popular_culture) , the stereotypical lumberjack is a strong, burly, usually bearded man who lives to brave the natural environment (/wiki/Natural_environment) . He is depicted as wearing suspenders (/wiki/Suspenders) , a long-sleeved plaid flannel (/wiki/Flannel) shirt, and heavy spiked caulk boots (/wiki/Caulk_boots) , and is often characterized as having a voracious appetite, especially for flapjacks (/wiki/Flapjack_(pancake)) . [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) He works by cutting down trees with either an axe or with the help of another lumberjack and a crosscut saw, as opposed to the modern chainsaw. [42] (#cite_note-42) Folklore [ edit ] The most famous depiction of a lumberjack in folklore is Paul Bunyan (/wiki/Paul_Bunyan) . Several towns claim to have been Paul Bunyan's home and have constructed statues of Bunyan and his blue ox "Babe". [43] (#cite_note-43) Known for their many exploits, many real life loggers have become renowned for their extraordinary strength, intuition, and knowledge of the woods. Men such as Jigger Johnson (/wiki/Jigger_Johnson) , the Maine (/wiki/Maine) woodsman who supposedly kicked knots off frozen logs barefooted, [44] (#cite_note-44) [2] (#cite_note-Holbrook-2) and Joseph Montferrand (/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand) (better known as Big Joe Mufferaw (/wiki/Big_Joe_Mufferaw) ), the French-Canadian (/wiki/French-Canadian) known for his physical prowess and desire to protect the French-speaking logger, [45] (#cite_note-45) have been celebrated as folk heroes (/wiki/Folk_hero) throughout North America (/wiki/North_America) , and have contributed to the myths (/wiki/Folklore) of the lumberjack. [46] (#cite_note-46) Music [ edit ] Songs [ edit ] Lumberjacks rapidly developed their own distinctive musical culture of work songs (/wiki/Work_songs) . Many were based on traditional European folk tunes, with lyrics that reflected the lives, experiences and concerns of lumberjacks, with the themes of cutting, hauling, rolling, and driving, as well as narrative songs that involved romance. [47] (#cite_note-47) Big Joe Mufferaw , a song recorded and performed by Stompin' Tom Connors (/wiki/Stompin%27_Tom_Connors) , one of Canada's most prolific and well-known country and folk singer-songwriters, about legendary folk hero Joseph Montferrand (/wiki/Joseph_Montferrand) , a French-Canadian logger. This song appears on the album Stompin' Tom Meets Big Joe Mufferaw (1970), on the live album Live At The Horseshoe (1971), and on the album Move Along With Stompin' Tom (1999). The Log Driver's Waltz (/wiki/The_Log_Driver%27s_Waltz) , a 1956 song by Wade Hemsworth (/wiki/Wade_Hemsworth) on his album Folk Songs of the Canadian North Woods [48] (#cite_note-48) Lumberjack , a 1960 song by Johnny Cash (/wiki/Johnny_Cash) on his album Ride This Train (/wiki/Ride_This_Train) The Lumberjack (/wiki/The_Lumberjack_(Hal_Willis_song)) , a song by Hal Willis (/wiki/Hal_Willis_(singer)) The Lumberjack , a song featuring a chainsaw solo, by the American rock band Jackyl (/wiki/Jackyl) The Lumberjack Song (/wiki/The_Lumberjack_Song) , a song by Monty Python (/wiki/Monty_Python) , known for its refrain (/wiki/Refrain) : "I'm a lumberjack and I'm okay / I sleep all night and I work all day. ..." See also [ edit ] Arborist (/wiki/Arborist) Log boom (/wiki/Log_boom) Log driving (/wiki/Log_driving) Log scaler (/wiki/Log_scaler) Glossary of lumberjack jargon (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary_of_lumberjack_jargon) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Hayner, Norman S. (April 1945). "Taming the Lumberjack". American Sociological Review . 10 (2): 217–225. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/2085640 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2085640) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 2085640 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/2085640) . ^ a b Holbrook, Stewart (1938). Holy Old MacKinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack , The Macmillan Company, New York. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-112-55989-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-112-55989-2) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) World Film News and Television Progress , vol. 3, no. 6, London Cinema Contact Ltd., October 1938. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Pike, Robert E. (1967). Tall Trees, Tough Men , W. W. Norton & Company (/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company) , New York. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0393319172 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0393319172) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Holbrook, Stewart (1961). Yankee Loggers: A Recollection of Woodsmen, Cooks, and River Drivers , The International Paper Company, New York. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781258435714 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781258435714) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Occupational Image: Lumberjacks" (http://ranawayfromthesubscriber.blogspot.ca/2012/05/occupational-image-lumberjacks.html) . Tyler Rudd Putman. 2012-06-05. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140308121037/http://ranawayfromthesubscriber.blogspot.ca/2012/05/occupational-image-lumberjacks.html) from the original on 2014-03-08 . Retrieved 2013-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Logging Industry Workers" (https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/professions/l/logging-industry-workers/history) . Vault . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201129140422/https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/professions/l/logging-industry-workers/history) from the original on 2020-11-29 . Retrieved 2020-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Benjamin C. Mukkala (1997). "The Shanty Boys" (http://www.foresthistory.org/Publications/FHT/FHT1997/Mukkala.pdf) (PDF) . Forest History Today. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160621190607/http://foresthistory.org/publications/fht/FHT1997/Mukkala.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-21 . Retrieved 16 January 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Govt works towards timber cutter compo" (http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2005/05/17/1369978.htm) . ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 2005-05-17. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230410032029/https://www.abc.net.au/news) from the original on 2023-04-10 . Retrieved 2010-09-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Our house: histories of Australian homes - Koongalba, The timber getter's residence" (http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/ahc/publications/commission/books/ourhouse/qld04.html) . Environment.gov.au. 2008-08-07. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20101206231220/http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/ahc/publications/commission/books/ourhouse/qld04.html) from the original on 2010-12-06 . Retrieved 2010-09-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) [1] (http://www.forest-education.com/pdf_resources/hispost.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080719080936/http://www.forest-education.com/pdf_resources/hispost.pdf) July 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-12) "WW2 People's War - The Lumberjills of Scotland" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/68/a4682568.shtml) . BBC History (/wiki/BBC_History) . 2005-08-03. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130923045052/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/68/a4682568.shtml) from the original on 2013-09-23 . Retrieved 2010-09-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Rohe, 1986 ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Michigan Axe Pattern, Uses and Origin" (https://clutchaxes.com/michigan-axe-pattern-uses-and-origin) . clutchaxes.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210201202720/https://clutchaxes.com/michigan-axe-pattern-uses-and-origin/) from the original on 2021-02-01 . Retrieved 2021-01-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Smith (1972) ^ (#cite_ref-16) Sorden and Vallier, 1986 ^ (#cite_ref-17) Radford (1987) ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Algonquin Logging Museum" (http://www.algonquinpark.on.ca/visit/locations/algonquin-logging-museum.php) . Algonquin Provincial Park . The Friends of Algonquin Park. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180618053223/http://www.algonquinpark.on.ca/visit/locations/algonquin-logging-museum.php) from the original on 2018-06-18 . Retrieved 17 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Adam Tomczik, "'He-men Could Talk to He-men in He-man Language'": Lumberjack Work Culture in Maine and Minnesota, 1840–1940," Historian Winter 2008, Vol. 70 Issue 4, pp 697-715 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Pinkerton, Joan (1981). Knights of the Broadax; the Story of the Wyoming Tie Hack . Caxton Printers. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-87004-283-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Jones, Keith. History of Jelm, Wyoming . Vol. 1. p. 17. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230410032003/https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=isbn:1502768496) from the original on 2023-04-10 . Retrieved 2019-08-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Career & Job News, Work, Employment & Salary Trends - Wall Street Journal - WSJ.com" (http://www.careerjournal.com/jobhunting/change/20020507-lee.html) . Careerjournal.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080120071623/http://www.careerjournal.com/jobhunting/change/20020507-lee.html) from the original on 2008-01-20 . Retrieved 2010-09-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Clanton, Nancy; Journal-Constitution, The Atlanta. "These are the most dangerous jobs in America" (https://www.ajc.com/business/employment/these-are-the-most-dangerous-jobs-america/x2MOTeEYCgkt2zYCLfqfJJ/) . The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201117001956/https://www.ajc.com/business/employment/these-are-the-most-dangerous-jobs-america/x2MOTeEYCgkt2zYCLfqfJJ/) from the original on 2020-11-17 . Retrieved 2020-11-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Logging - Overview | Occupational Safety and Health Administration" (https://www.osha.gov/logging) . www.osha.gov . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201123163153/https://www.osha.gov/logging) from the original on 2020-11-23 . Retrieved 2020-11-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "CDC - NIOSH - NORA Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Sector Council" (https://www.cdc.gov/nora/councils/agff/research.html) . www.cdc.gov . Center for Disease Control (/wiki/Center_for_Disease_Control) . 2019-02-11. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201024095029/https://www.cdc.gov/nora/councils/agff/research.html) from the original on 2020-10-24 . Retrieved 2020-12-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "STIHL TIMBERSPORTS | Lumberjack Competition Series" (http://www.stihlusa.com/stihl-timbersports/) . Stihl USA . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160708013950/http://www.stihlusa.com/stihl-timbersports/) from the original on 2016-07-08 . Retrieved 2016-07-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Sylvie Paillard (2010-07-25). "The spectacle on the world stage" (http://www.squamishchief.com/article/20100725/squamish0604/307259996/-1/squamish/the-spectacle-on-the-world-stage) . Squamishchief.com . Retrieved 2015-10-15 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-28) Murphy McGinnis Interactive. "Hayward, Wisconsin" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101024011324/http://www.lumberjackworldchampionships.com/history/) . Lumberjack World Championships. Archived from the original (http://www.lumberjackworldchampionships.com/history) on 2010-10-24 . Retrieved 2010-09-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Lumberjack World Championships | Hayward, WI" (https://www.lumberjackworldchampionships.com/#events) . www.lumberjackworldchampionships.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191221195729/https://lumberjackworldchampionships.com/#events) from the original on 2019-12-21 . Retrieved 2020-01-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Puzak, Tom (2014-10-30). "The Rise of the 'Lumbersexual' (https://gearjunkie.com/apparel/the-rise-of-the-lumbersexual) " (https://gearjunkie.com/apparel/the-rise-of-the-lumbersexual) . GearJunkie . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221129082809/https://gearjunkie.com/apparel/the-rise-of-the-lumbersexual) from the original on 2022-11-29 . Retrieved 2022-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Consider The Urban Woodsman" (https://www.theawl.com/2012/09/consider-the-urban-woodsman/) . The Awl . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221209151401/https://www.theawl.com/2012/09/consider-the-urban-woodsman/) from the original on 2022-12-09 . Retrieved 2022-11-29 . ^ a b c Diaz Ruiz, Carlos A.; Kjellberg, Hans (2020). "Feral segmentation: How cultural intermediaries perform market segmentation in the wild" (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1470593120920330) . Marketing Theory . 20 (4): 429–457. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/1470593120920330 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1470593120920330) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1470-5931 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1470-5931) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 219027435 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219027435) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221129082814/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1470593120920330) from the original on 2022-11-29 . Retrieved 2022-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Simpson, Mark (2002-07-22). "Meet the metrosexual" (https://www.salon.com/2002/07/22/metrosexual/) . Salon . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221129082811/https://www.salon.com/2002/07/22/metrosexual/) from the original on 2022-11-29 . Retrieved 2022-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Baxter, Holly (14 November 2014). "Out of the woods, here he comes: the lumbersexual" (https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/14/lumbersexual-beard-plaid-male-fashion) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150128113512/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/14/lumbersexual-beard-plaid-male-fashion) from the original on 2015-01-28 . Retrieved 6 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Nicks, Denver. "Confessions of a Lumbersexual" (http://time.com/3603216/confessions-of-a-lumbersexual/) . Time . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150208112921/http://time.com/3603216/confessions-of-a-lumbersexual/) from the original on 2015-02-08 . Retrieved 6 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Mychaskiw, Marianne (September 24, 2015). "Leonardo DiCaprio Chops Off His Man Bun" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160125103618/http://www.instyle.com/news/leonardo-dicaprio-haircut-photo-2015) . InStyle. Archived from the original (http://www.instyle.com/news/leonardo-dicaprio-haircut-photo-2015) on January 25, 2016 . Retrieved January 5, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Tang, Dennis (Jun 25, 2015). "Why 'Athleisure' Replaced the Urban Lumberjack" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160112084933/http://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/news/a35965/athleisure-urban-lumberjack/) . Esquire. Archived from the original (http://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/news/a35965/athleisure-urban-lumberjack/) on January 12, 2016 . Retrieved January 5, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Lumbersexuality and Its Discontents (https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/12/lumbersexuality-and-its-discontents/383563/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170303075616/https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/12/lumbersexuality-and-its-discontents/383563/) 2017-03-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) by Willa Brown (December 10, 2014), The Atlantic ^ (#cite_ref-39) Lehtinen, Lasse: Nätti Watchdog. Finnish adventurer biography. Espoo: Paasilinna, 2012. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-952-5856-65-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-952-5856-65-1) ^ (#cite_ref-40) The Explorers of Mendham, N.J. (October 1953), "Our lumberjack rolic" (https://books.google.com/books?id=hYu1LF9QvlkC&pg=PA26) , Boys' Life (/wiki/Boys%27_Life) , vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 26–27, Lumberjacks and flapjacks go together. ^ (#cite_ref-41) Haynes, John E. (2002). "Revolt of the "Timber Beasts": IWW lumber strike in Minnesota". In Aby, Anne J. (ed.). The North Star State, a Minnesota History . Minnesota Historical Society Press. The brawny lumberjack who tells tales, fells giant trees, wears checkered shirts and loves flapjacks is familiar in American folklore. ^ (#cite_ref-42) Samuel, R.; Thompson, P. R. (1990). The Myths We Live By . London: Taylor & Francis. pp. 132–136. ^ (#cite_ref-43) Dorson, R. M. (1977) [1961]. American folklore: with revised bibliographical notes (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. p. 216. ^ (#cite_ref-44) Monahan, Robert. "Jigger Johnson", New Hampshire Profiles magazine , Northeast Publications, Concord, New Hampshire, April, 1957. ^ (#cite_ref-45) Colombo, J. R. (1984). Canadian literary landmarks . Dundurn Press. p. 158. ^ (#cite_ref-46) Appalachia Appalachian Mountain Club, 1964. ^ (#cite_ref-47) Mood, T. A. (2004). American Regional Folklore: A Sourcebook and Research Guide . ABC-CLIO. pp. 220–222. ^ (#cite_ref-48) Levy, Joel (December 8, 2016). "The History of The Log Driver's Waltz" (http://torontoguardian.com/2016/12/nfb-history-log-drivers-waltz/) . The Toronto Guardian. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161211141428/http://torontoguardian.com/2016/12/nfb-history-log-drivers-waltz/) from the original on 2016-12-11 . Retrieved March 28, 2017 . Further reading [ edit ] Brock, Emily K. Money Trees: The Douglas Fir and American Forestry, 1900-1944 (Oregon State University Press, 2015). 272 pp. Chaney, Michael P. White Pine on the Saco River: An Oral History of River Driving in Southern Maine (University of Maine Press, 1993) Cox, Thomas R. The Lumberman's Frontier: Three Centuries of Land Use, Society, and Change in America's Forests (Oregon State University Press, 2010); 560 pages; examines successive frontier regions prized for lumber rather than farming, beginning with northern New England in the 17th century Griffiths, Bus. Now You're Logging , Harbour Publishing, 1978. Hayner, Norman S. "Taming the Lumberjack," American Sociological Review, Vol. 10, No. 2, (April, 1945), pp. 217–225 in JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/stable/2085640) , description of lifestyle Holbrook, Stewart H. Holy Old Mackinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack , 1938, popular Holbrook, Stewart H. The American Lumberjack (Collier Books, 1962), popular account Karamanski, Theodore J. Deep Woods Frontier: A History of Logging in Northern Michigan (1989) Lee, David. Lumber Kings and Shantymen . Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: 2006. Lemonds, James. Deadfall: Generations of Logging in the Pacific Northwest . Missoula: Mountain Press, 2001. Mackay, Donald. "The Canadian Logging Frontier," Journal of Forest History 1979 23(1): 4-17 Radforth, Ian. Bushworkers and Bosses: Logging in Northern Ontario, 1900–1980 (University of Toronto Press, 1987). Robbins, William G. Lumberjacks and Legislators: Political Economy of the U.S. Lumber Industry, 1890-1941 (Texas A. & M. U. Press, 1982). 268 pp. Roberge, Earl. Timber Country . Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Printers, 1973. Rohe, Randall E. (1986). The Evolution of the Great Lakes Logging Camp, 1830-1930 . Vol. 30. pp. 17–28. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : |work= ignored ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored) ) Smith, David C. A History of Lumbering in Maine, 1861–1960 (University of Maine Press, 1972) Sorden, L. G. and Vallier, Jacque. Lumberjack Lingo: A Dictionary of the Logging Era. (Ashland, Wis.: NorthWord, 1986). 288 pp. Tomczik, Adam, "'He-men Could Talk to He-men in He-man Language'": Lumberjack Work Culture in Maine and Minnesota, 1840–1940," Historian Winter 2008, Vol. 70 Issue 4, pp 697–715 External links [ edit ] Look up lumberjack (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/lumberjack) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lumberjacks (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lumberjacks) . William Reed (Timber getter) c.1930 (http://history.lakemac.com.au/page-local-history.aspx?pid=1085&vid=20&tmpt=showmedia&narid=0&cat=Photograph&objid=3693) - photo from the Jones-Mashman Collection at Lake Macquarie Library. University of Washington Libraries: Digital Collections (http://content.lib.washington.edu) : Clark Kinsey Photographs (http://content.lib.washington.edu/clarkkinseyweb/index.html) Over 1000 images by commercial photographer Clark and his brother Darius Kinsey documenting the logging and milling camps and other forest related activities in Washington State, ca. 1910–1945. Industry and Occupations Photographs (http://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/cdm/search/collection/indocc/searchterm/log*%20lumber%20plywood%20woodworkers/field/all/mode/any/conn/and/cosuppress/) An ongoing and expanding collection devoted to the workers in the Pacific Northwest from the 1880s to the 1940s. Many occupations and industries are represented including the logging and lumber industry. Man to Machine: Peninsula Logging (http://content.lib.washington.edu/cmpweb/exhibits/logging) Online museum exhibit based upon the Clark Kinsey Logging Photographs Collection and the recollections of Harry C. Hall, who worked as a logger on the Olympic Peninsula in the early 20th century. Includes a video on the Hobi family logging history (late 19th century – early 20th century). OSHA.gov (https://www.osha.gov/logging) An overview of logging operations along with safety standards and other important safety links. v t e Lumberjack sports (#Loggersports) Events Aizkolaritza (/wiki/Aizkolaritza) (Basque) Axe throwing (/wiki/Axe_throwing) Bucking (/wiki/Log_bucking) Caber toss (/wiki/Caber_toss) (Scotland) Felling cut (/wiki/Felling) Limbing (/wiki/Limbing) Logrolling (/wiki/Logrolling_(sport)) Pole climbing (/wiki/Pole_climbing) Sawing bow (/wiki/Bow_saw) crosscut (/wiki/Two-man_saw) Hot Saw (/wiki/Hot_Saw) Wood chopping (/wiki/Wood_chopping) Wood splitting (/wiki/Wood_splitting) Woodsman (/wiki/Woodsman) Competitions European Championship in Forestry Skills (/wiki/European_Championship_in_Forestry_Skills) Lumberjack World Championship (/wiki/Lumberjack_World_Championship) Southern Forestry Conclave (/wiki/Southern_Forestry_Conclave) Stihl Timbersports Series (/wiki/Stihl_Timbersports_Series) Axe Throwing World Championships 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Native American fashion designer Wendy Ponca Born Kimberley Ann Ponca 1960 (age 63–64) Texas (/wiki/Texas) Nationality Osage Nation (/wiki/Osage_Nation) , American Style Osage art, Native American fashion (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) Movement Native Uprising collective, Indigenous Futurism (/wiki/Indigenous_Futurism) Website wendyponca (http://wendyponca.com) .com (http://wendyponca.com) Wendy Ponca (born 1960) is an Osage (/wiki/Osage_Nation) artist, educator, and fashion designer noted for her Native American fashion (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) creations. From 1982 to 1993, she taught design and Fiber Arts courses at the Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) (IAIA) of Santa Fe and later taught at the University of Las Vegas (/wiki/University_of_Las_Vegas) . She won first place awards for her contemporary Native American fashion from the Santa Fe Indian Market (/wiki/Santa_Fe_Indian_Market) each year between 1982 and 1987. Her artwork is on display at IAIA, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art) , the Philbrook Museum of Art (/wiki/Philbrook_Museum_of_Art) and the Smithsonian Institution (/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution) 's National Museum of the American Indian (/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Indian) . Early life [ edit ] Kimberly Ann Ponca, known as Wendy, was born in 1960 in Texas to Barbara Ann (née Furr) and Carl Ponca (/w/index.php?title=Carl_Ponca&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010157-1) [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Odessa_American''196022-2) [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKay_County_Marriages1959627-3) She grew up on the McDonald Observatory (/wiki/McDonald_Observatory) near Fort Davis, Texas (/wiki/Fort_Davis,_Texas) . [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOverton197285–87-4) Her father, an Osage Nation (/wiki/Osage_Nation) artist and instructor who grew up on the Osage Reservation near Fairfax, Oklahoma (/wiki/Fairfax,_Oklahoma) met her mother, an interior designer, while they were attending the Kansas City Institute of Technology and Design. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoachFebruary_27,_196913-5) [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoachMarch_4,_19692-6) After completing her primary education, she attended Ft. Davis Central High School, [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Pecos_Enterprise''19756-7) before beginning her art studies at the Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) (IAIA) in Santa Fe, New Mexico (/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwan2013-8) She studied the course "Traditional Techniques" under Sandy Fife Wilson (/wiki/Sandy_Fife_Wilson) , who had replaced the course creator Josephine Wapp (/wiki/Josephine_Wapp) ( Comanche (/wiki/Comanche) / Sac & Fox (/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Nation) ), who had recently retired. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010151–153-9) In 1977, as part of a community outreach program, the IAIA's fashion show was presented to the Chamber of Commerce of Santa Fe's Women's Division with Ponca as the emcee. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010153–154-10) After completing her education at IAIA in 1977, [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010157-1) she studied art in New York and weaving in Greece. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010158-11) Ponca went on to study at the Kansas City Art Institute (/wiki/Kansas_City_Art_Institute) , [12] (#cite_note-12) where she earned her bachelor's degree in 1982 in Fiber arts (/wiki/Fiber_art) and then she completed a master's degree in art therapy (/wiki/Art_therapy) at Southwestern College of Santa Fe (/wiki/Southwestern_College_(Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico)) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwan2013-8) [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTECravatt2017-13) Career [ edit ] After completing her bachelor's degree, Ponca went to work as a costume designer at the Santa Fe Opera (/wiki/Santa_Fe_Opera) in 1982. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010158-11) Around the same time, she founded Waves of the Earth Fashion Group to market her fashion designs. [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010160–161-14) At the end of the opera season, she was hired as Wilson's replacement for the "Traditional Techniques" course at IAIA. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010158-11) She also taught courses in Fashion Design, where she was known for her stress on patternmaking (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) , tailoring (/wiki/Tailoring) and monitoring the structural integrity of the garments. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010161-15) In 1987, the "Traditional Techniques" course was renamed as Fiber Arts, facilitating credit transfers to other universities. It incorporated the use of Native American media, like beadwork (/wiki/Beadwork) and weaving (/wiki/Weaving) techniques, as well as fiber manipulation, dyeing and design for both two- and three-dimensional works. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010159–160-16) Ponca and her students put on fashion shows under the Waves of the Earth banner to give the students exposure to marketing their wares. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010162-17) They also participated in Southwestern Association for Indian Arts's annual Santa Fe Indian Market (/wiki/Santa_Fe_Indian_Market) (SWAIA Market) fashion show which featured garments designed by IAIA students. [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010163-18) As a designer, Ponca chose to show her work in fashion shows rather than in gallery settings, because gallery owners wanted stereotypical Native garments and were more adverse to the incorporation of outside influences. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010164-19) Showing her works at the Santa Fe Indian Market, Ponca earned first place ribbons for contemporary design each year between 1982 and 1987. [20] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010165-20) After participating in the SWAIA Market for seven years, she decided to try other venues to diversify her exposure. [21] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010166-21) In the mid-1980s, she co-founded Native Influx, which was later renamed as Native Uprising. The collective allowed artists, designers, and models to share in creating and profiting from their shows. It was the first organization of cooperation between Native American artists and founding members included Marcus Amerman (/wiki/Marcus_Amerman) (Choctaw), RoseMary Diaz (/w/index.php?title=RoseMary_Diaz&action=edit&redlink=1) ( Santa Clara Tewa (/wiki/Santa_Clara_Pueblo,_New_Mexico) ), Jackie Kee, Patricia Michaels (/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Michaels&action=edit&redlink=1) ( Taos Pueblo (/wiki/Taos_Pueblo) ), Char Romero, and Carol Sandoval. [22] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010177-22) Lloyd Kiva New (/wiki/Lloyd_Kiva_New) ( Cherokee Nation (/wiki/Cherokee_Nation) ) served as an advisor and supported the group, whose focus was on creating a platform for Native Americans to compete in the fashion industry while marrying innovative new design with American Indian customary symbols and cultural practices. [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010179–180-23) In two-dimensional art, Ponca's works in the 1980s and 1990s utilized an eclectic mix of materials such as abalone shell (/wiki/Abalone) , antlers (/wiki/Antlers) , buckskin (/wiki/Buckskin_(leather)) , felt (/wiki/Felt) , metal and other materials to create collages (/wiki/Collage) . [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010168-24) She also made blankets, shawls and wall hangings [25] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELynn199011-25) and while her works incorporated Pan-Indian themes (/wiki/Pan-Indianism) and those from various non-Native cultures, she also produced more culturally significant items highlighting Osage themes. [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELynn199012-26) In the 1990s, she incorporated Mylar (/wiki/Mylar) , a polyester film (/wiki/Polyester) first used in space travel, into her fashion designs. Its draping qualities, the sound it made when a model walked, and its symbolic relationship to the sky [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010169-27) fit her fashion collection that reflected the Sky and Earth moieties (/wiki/Moiety_(kinship)) of Osage people. She also experimented with body painting (/wiki/Body_painting) for her models inspired by historic Osage tattooing (/wiki/Tattooing) practices. [28] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010171-28) The body paintings often represented Osage iconography like spiders and snakes, as well as floral or ribbonwork (/wiki/Ribbonwork) patterns. [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010172–173-29) Ponca left IAIA in 1993 [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010158-11) and within two years, the school ceased offering its fashion program. [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010189-30) She continued participating in high fashion events, such as the Indian Chic: An American Indian Fashion Show hosted by the Denver Art Museum (/wiki/Denver_Art_Museum) in 1998, as well as Culture Embodied and Culture Embodied II , for which she also directed for IAIA in 2000. Culture Embodied was held in Albuquerque (/wiki/Albuquerque) and the second show corresponded with the annual Santa Fe Indian Market. [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010190–191-31) In 1995, Ponca was commissioned to create four blankets by Pendleton Woolen Mills (/wiki/Pendleton_Woolen_Mills) for a special edition series. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwan2013-8) The blankets were featured at an exhibition hosted by the American Textile History Museum (/wiki/American_Textile_History_Museum) in 2000. [32] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTETuttle200021,_23-32) After a stint teaching at the University of Las Vegas (/wiki/University_of_Las_Vegas) , Ponca moved to Fairfax, Oklahoma (/wiki/Fairfax,_Oklahoma) , and has continued to design and exhibit her creations. [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadden2016-33) She has served as the Director of Development for Tulsa (/wiki/Tulsa) 's National Indian Monument Institute. Ponca's collection Wedding Clothes of the Earth and Sky People was exhibited at the Osage Tribal Museum in 2013. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwan2013-8) In 2016, Pendleton released another limited edition blanket designed by Ponca with the proceeds designated to benefit the Osage Nation Foundation. [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadden2016-33) That same year, she exhibited at Philbrook Museum (/wiki/Philbrook_Museum) in the Native Fashion Now showing, which was created by the Peabody Essex Museum (/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum) and toured the country before being exhibited at the National Museum of the American Indian (/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Indian) of the Smithsonian Institution (/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution) . [34] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatts2016-34) Ponca has works displayed at IAIA, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art) , the Philbrook Museum of Art (/wiki/Philbrook_Museum_of_Art) , and the National Museum of the American Indian. [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadden2016-33) References [ edit ] Citations [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 157. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Odessa_American''196022_2-0) The Odessa American 1960 (#CITEREFThe_Odessa_American1960) , p. 22. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKay_County_Marriages1959627_3-0) Kay County Marriages 1959 (#CITEREFKay_County_Marriages1959) , p. 627. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOverton197285–87_4-0) Overton 1972 (#CITEREFOverton1972) , pp. 85–87. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoachFebruary_27,_196913_5-0) Roach & February 27, 1969 (#CITEREFRoachFebruary_27,_1969) , p. 13. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoachMarch_4,_19692_6-0) Roach & March 4, 1969 (#CITEREFRoachMarch_4,_1969) , p. 2. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Pecos_Enterprise''19756_7-0) The Pecos Enterprise 1975 (#CITEREFThe_Pecos_Enterprise1975) , p. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Swan 2013 (#CITEREFSwan2013) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010151–153_9-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 151–153. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010153–154_10-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 153–154. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 158. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Women Designers in the USA, 1900-2000" (https://www.bgc.bard.edu/gallery/exhibitions/51/women-designers-in-the-usa) . Retrieved March 17, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECravatt2017_13-0) Cravatt 2017 (#CITEREFCravatt2017) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010160–161_14-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 160–161. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010161_15-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 161. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010159–160_16-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 159–160. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010162_17-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 162. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010163_18-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 163. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010164_19-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 164. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010165_20-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 165. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010166_21-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 166. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010177_22-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 177. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010179–180_23-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 179–180. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010168_24-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 168. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELynn199011_25-0) Lynn 1990 (#CITEREFLynn1990) , p. 11. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELynn199012_26-0) Lynn 1990 (#CITEREFLynn1990) , p. 12. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010169_27-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 169. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010171_28-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 171. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010172–173_29-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 172–173. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010189_30-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 189. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010190–191_31-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 190–191. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETuttle200021,_23_32-0) Tuttle 2000 (#CITEREFTuttle2000) , pp. 21, 23. ^ Jump up to: a b c Madden 2016 (#CITEREFMadden2016) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatts2016_34-0) Watts 2016 (#CITEREFWatts2016) . Bibliography [ edit ] Cravatt, Patrick (May 16, 2017). "Osage artist brings "art therapy" to Artesian Arts Festival" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170822200048/https://chickasaw.net/News/Press-Releases/Release/Osage-artist-brings-art-therapy%E2%80%9D-to-Artesian-Arts-43812.aspx) . Chickasaw Nation . Ada, Oklahoma: Chickasaw Nation Tribal Headquarters. Archived from "-to-Artesian-Arts-43812.aspx the original (https://chickasaw.net/News/Press-Releases/Release/Osage-artist-brings-art-therapy) on August 22, 2017 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . Lynn, Jan (March 22, 1990). "Sharing a culture (pt 1)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-mar-22-1990-369117/) . Santa Fe, New Mexico: The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . p. 11 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . and Lynn, Jan (March 22, 1990). "Sharing a culture (pt 2)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-mar-22-1990-369126/) . Santa Fe, New Mexico: The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . p. 14 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Madden, Tara (March 17, 2016). "Wendy Ponca designs Pendleton blanket for the Osage Foundation" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160521012637/http://osagenews.org/en/article/2016/03/17/wendy-ponca-designs-pendleton-blanket-osage-foundation/) . Pawhuska, Oklahoma: Osage News. Archived from the original (http://osagenews.org/en/article/2016/03/17/wendy-ponca-designs-pendleton-blanket-osage-foundation/) on May 21, 2016 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . Metcalfe, Jessica RheAnn (2010). Native Designers of High Fashion: Expressing Identity, Creativity, and Tradition in Contemporary Customary Clothing Design (PhD). Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona (/wiki/University_of_Arizona) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 10150/194057 (https://hdl.handle.net/10150%2F194057) . Overton, James (October 22, 1972). "High on the Mountain (pt. 1)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-oct-22-1972-369210/) . Big Spring, Texas: The Big Spring Herald (/wiki/The_Big_Spring_Herald) . p. 85 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . and Overton, James (October 22, 1972). "High on the Mountain (pt. 2)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-oct-22-1972-369212/) . Big Spring, Texas: The Big Spring Herald (/wiki/The_Big_Spring_Herald) . p. 86 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . and Overton, James (October 22, 1972). "High on the Mountain (pt. 3)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-oct-22-1972-369215/) . Big Spring, Texas: The Big Spring Herald (/wiki/The_Big_Spring_Herald) . p. 87 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . Roach, Karen (March 4, 1969). "Indian Taking Courses" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-mar-04-1969-369151/) . Alpine, Texas: The Sul Ross Skyline. p. 2 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Roach, Karen (February 27, 1969). "Lines from the Lobo" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-feb-27-1969-369250/) . Alpine, Texas: The Alpine Avalanche (/wiki/The_Alpine_Avalanche) . p. 13 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Swan, Kathy (July 3, 2013). "Osage Tribal Museum hosts unique fashion show featuring Wendy Ponca designs" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170822191738/http://www.pawhuskajournalcapital.com/livinglifestyles/osage-tribal-museum-hosts-unique-fashion-show-featuring-wendy-ponca-designs.html) . The Pawhuska Journal-Capital. Archived from the original (http://www.pawhuskajournalcapital.com/livinglifestyles/osage-tribal-museum-hosts-unique-fashion-show-featuring-wendy-ponca-designs.html) on August 22, 2017 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . Tuttle, Nancye (May 3, 2000). "All wrapped up in Indian blankets (pt 1)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-may-03-2000-369659/) . Lowell, Massachusetts: The Lowell Sun (/wiki/The_Lowell_Sun) . p. 21 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . and Tuttle, Nancye (May 3, 2000). "All wrapped up in Indian blankets (pt 2)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-may-03-2000-369662/) . Lowell, Massachusetts: The Lowell Sun (/wiki/The_Lowell_Sun) . p. 23 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Watts, James D. Jr. (October 2, 2016). "Philbrook exhibit exalts contemporary Native American fashion" (https://www.tulsaworld.com/scene/artsandentertainment/philbrook-exhibit-exalts-contemporary-native-american-fashion/article_887025ac-e8c4-5080-bb26-0d58e4fb8d78.html) . Tulsa, Oklahoma: The Tulsa World (/wiki/The_Tulsa_World) . Retrieved August 23, 2017 . "Kay County Marriage Index: Carl Ponca/Barbara Furr" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9Q97-Y3Q7-862?i=626&cc=1709399) . FamilySearch . Newkirk, Oklahoma: Kay County Courthouse. October 30, 1959. p. 627. Film #1311022 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . "Medical Center Hospital" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-birth-clipping-apr-22-1960-369201/) . Odessa, Texas: The Odessa American (/wiki/The_Odessa_American) . April 22, 1960. p. 22 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "Wendy Ponca Ft. Davis belle" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-jun-18-1975-369134/) . Pecos, Texas: The Pecos Enterprise. June 18, 1975. p. 6 . Retrieved August 22, 2017 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . External links [ edit ] Wendy Ponca, official website (http://www.wendyponca.com) Wendy Ponca (http://www.beyondbuckskin.com/2010/03/designer-profile-wendy-ponca.html) , Beyond Buckskin Wendy Ponca, Oklahoma Native Artists Oral History Project interview Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_6RdjFuNiQ) Oklahoma Native Artists Oral History Project interview, transcript (https://dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/ona/id/75/rec/112) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7cd59cdcfb‐dzcz8 Cached time: 20240718012729 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.453 seconds Real time usage: 0.613 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5120/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 49855/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4550/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 64229/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.300/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8324415/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 549.303 1 -total 25.45% 139.807 1 Template:Infobox_artist 22.45% 123.325 15 Template:Cite_news 19.98% 109.765 42 Template:Sfn 17.88% 98.231 1 Template:Short_description 15.72% 86.327 1 Template:Reflist 10.95% 60.170 62 Template:Main_other 8.31% 45.674 2 Template:Pagetype 7.11% 39.040 1 Template:SDcat 6.31% 34.641 1 Template:Birth_year_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54989295-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718012729 and revision id 1208437588. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wendy_Ponca&oldid=1208437588 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wendy_Ponca&oldid=1208437588) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1960 births (/wiki/Category:1960_births) American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) Institute of American Indian Arts faculty (/wiki/Category:Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts_faculty) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Native American textile artists (/wiki/Category:Native_American_textile_artists) Osage people (/wiki/Category:Osage_people) People from Jeff Davis County, Texas (/wiki/Category:People_from_Jeff_Davis_County,_Texas) People from Fairfax, Oklahoma (/wiki/Category:People_from_Fairfax,_Oklahoma) Indigenous fashion designers of the Americas (/wiki/Category:Indigenous_fashion_designers_of_the_Americas) 20th-century Native American women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Native_American_women) 20th-century Native American artists (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Native_American_artists) 21st-century Native American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Native_American_women) 21st-century Native American artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Native_American_artists) Native American women artists (/wiki/Category:Native_American_women_artists) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from September 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2017) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
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Ottonian dynasty golden crown This article includes a list of general references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help to improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( November 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The crown in the Essen Cathedral Treasury (/wiki/Essen_Cathedral_Treasury) , with the sapphire at front The crown as part of the exhibition Gold vor Schwarz (/w/index.php?title=Gold_vor_Schwarz&action=edit&redlink=1) , 2008 The Essen Crown ( German (/wiki/German_language) : Essener Krone ) is an Ottonian (/wiki/Ottonian) golden crown in the Essen Cathedral Treasury (/wiki/Essen_Cathedral_Treasury) . It was formerly claimed that it might have been the crown with which the three-year-old Otto III (/wiki/Otto_III) was crowned (/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor) King of the Romans (/wiki/King_of_the_Romans) in 983, which is the source of its common name, the Childhood Crown of Otto III ( Kinderkrone Ottos III ). However, this idea most probably derives from the wishful thinking of early twentieth century historians of Essen and it is now widely rejected. However it is certainly the oldest surviving lily crown (/w/index.php?title=Lily_crown&action=edit&redlink=1) in the world. Description [ edit ] In its shape the crown recalls a Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_art) circlet. The band is 3.5 cm wide and its diameter is now 12.5 cm, having been adjusted to fit the head of the Golden Madonna (/wiki/Golden_Madonna_of_Essen) . A regular border of precious stones runs along the whole circumference. The main circlet is made of gold which has been heavily alloyed (/wiki/Alloy) with silver; a second circlet of pure gold has been soldered onto the outside. An iron (/wiki/Iron) reinforcing ring is visible on the outside. The upper and lower edges of the crown are decorated with pearls (/wiki/Pearl) strung on a metal wire attached to the circlet by metal rings. Numerous pearls and gemstones (/wiki/Gemstone) decorate the main body of the crown and the lilies, with particularly precious stones placed directly under the lilies. Highlights include a Late Antique (/wiki/Late_Antiquity) engraved gem (/wiki/Engraved_gem) depicting the head of Medusa (/wiki/Medusa) and a sapphire (/wiki/Sapphire) in a triangular gold ring at the front of the crown. Comparable (but later) crowns are in the possession of the church treasuries of Hildesheim (/wiki/Hildesheim) and Conques (/wiki/Conques) in France (/wiki/France) . History [ edit ] The origin of the crown is unclear. For a long time it was claimed that the crown was made for the coronation of Otto III in 983 and had been gifted to Essen Abbey (/wiki/Essen_Abbey) by him. Essen Abbey, under the leadership of Abbess Mathilde (/wiki/Mathilde,_Abbess_of_Essen) , who was a granddaughter of Otto I (/wiki/Otto_I) , had a particularly close relationship to the Ottonian (/wiki/Ottonian) royal family, as demonstrated by significant donations by the kings and also in the fact that the sister of Otto III (who like the Abbess was also called Mathilde (/wiki/Matilda_of_Germany,_Countess_Palatine_of_Lotharingia) ) was educated at Essen. At the beginning of February 993, therefore, Otto III made a visit to the Abbey of Essen for Candlemas (/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple) , at which time local historians suggested that he made two major donations. The first of these was a sword of Damascus steel (/wiki/Damascus_steel) which was probably made in 950 and shows signs of use on the blade. This sword was venerated, probably on account of its former owner, and an expensive golden sheath was made at Essen for the sword. In later times the sword was reputed to be the Sword of Saints Cosmas and Damian (/wiki/Sword_of_Saints_Cosmas_and_Damian) and was included in Essen's civic coat of arms (/wiki/Coat_of_arms) . For modern scholarship, a better understanding of the relationship of Essen Abbey and the Ottonian family provided an answer to the question of who the original owner of the sword really was. Otto III's second gift might have been the golden crown. Written evidence for this is lacking, but there were circumstantial arguments for it. Firstly, based on art historical comparisons, the crown was dated to the end of the tenth century. The existence of the iron reinforcing ring was taken as evidence that the crown had been reworked for the Golden Madonna's head and, therefore, had originally been designed for another purpose, which it was concluded could only have the coronation of a child, since it would still have been too small for an adult. The coronation of Otto III in 983 at Aachen Cathedral (/wiki/Aachen_Cathedral) is the only coronation of a child which occurred within the right time period. Furthermore, the medieval practice of crowning a statue of Madonna on 2 February during Michaelmas is first attested at Essen. Thus it was suggested that the practice commemorated the gift of the crown to the abbey during his visit to Essen at the beginning of February 993, which would have coincided with the feast day. Modern dating puts the modification of the crown in the middle of the eleventh century. At that time several of the artworks at Essen were modified: the Cross of Theophanu (/wiki/Cross_of_Theophanu) and the Theophanu (/wiki/Theophanu) reliquary of the Holy Nail (/wiki/Holy_Nail) were decorated enamels (/wiki/Vitreous_enamel) and the halo of the Golden Madonna which made it difficult to crown the statue was removed. This suggests that the crowning ritual originated only a little before this, probably around 1040/50. The crown on a postage stamp (1988) In current scholarship it is thought that the crown itself dates to the beginning of the eleventh century on account of the decorative elements known as lilies and beehives, which are very similar to artworks made at the time of Henry II (/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor) . Such artworks in the Essen Cathedral Treasury include the ends of the cross with the large enamels (/wiki/Essen_cross_with_large_enamels) , which is believed to have been created under Abbess Sophia (/wiki/Sophia_I,_Abbess_of_Gandersheim) (1011–1039). In that case, the crown would have originally been made for the ritual coronation of the golden Madonna. Furthermore, the regularity of the crown's decoration makes it unlikely that it was ever actually resized. Sometimes the crown is now even dated to the latter half of the eleventh century. For centuries, nothing important happened to the crown. Then, in 1988, it was depicted on a charity stamp (/wiki/Charity_stamp) of the Deutsche Bundespost (/wiki/Deutsche_Bundespost) as an outstanding example of Ottonian goldsmithery. Bibliography [ edit ] Georg Humann (/wiki/Georg_Humann) . Die Kunstwerke der Münsterkirche zu Essen. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, pp. 261–266. Alfred Pothmann. "Der Essener Kirchenschatz aus der Frühzeit der Stiftsgeschichte." In: Herrschaft, Bildung und Gebet. Gründung und Anfänge des Frauenstifts Essen. Klartext, Essen 2000, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-88474-907-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-88474-907-2) , pp. 135–153. Birgitta Falk (/w/index.php?title=Birgitta_Falk&action=edit&redlink=1) . "Essener Krone" In Gold vor Schwarz. Der Essener Domschatz auf Zollverein , edited by Birgitta Falk, Exhibition Catalog 2008. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-8375-0050-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8375-0050-9) , pp. 92–93. External links [ edit ] Essen Crown (http://www.domschatz-essen.de/essener-krone/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160209081440/http://www.domschatz-essen.de/essener-krone/) 2016-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) on the website of the Essen Cathedral Treasury. v t e Crowns (/wiki/Crown) Albania Helmet of Skanderbeg (/wiki/Arms_of_Skanderbeg#The_helmet) (Vienna) Austria Archducal hat of Austria (/wiki/Archducal_hat) (Klosterneuburg) Imperial Crown of Austria (/wiki/Imperial_Crown_of_Austria) (Vienna) Brilliant Crown of Empress Elisabeth (/w/index.php?title=Brilliant_Crown_of_Empress_Elisabeth&action=edit&redlink=1) ( de (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brillantkrone_der_Kaiserin_Elisabeth_von_%C3%96sterreich) ) (missing) Archducal hat of Tyrol (/wiki/Archducal_hat_of_Tyrol) (Mariastein) Ducal hat of Styria (/wiki/Ducal_hat_of_Styria) (Graz) Archducal hat of Joseph II (/wiki/Archducal_hat_of_Joseph_II) (Vienna) Bohemia (/wiki/Bohemia) Crown of Saint Wenceslas 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American fashion designer Gretchen Jones Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Television Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) Season 8 (/wiki/Project_Runway_(season_8)) (Winner) Gretchen Jones is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) , who won the eighth season (/wiki/Project_Runway_(season_8)) of Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Project Runway [ edit ] During her run in Project Runway , Jones placed in the top two in the first three challenges, winning the first two. She was accused of manipulating and bullying her team during one of the challenges. [2] (#cite_note-2) Throughout the season, she admitted she got tired, and lost some of her inspiration. After struggling to regain her position at the top of the competition midway through the season, her collection at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) made her the winner of Season 8 in October 2010. The finale became memorable due to the longer-than-usual judging process and the heated debate between judges Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) and Nina Garcia (/wiki/Nina_Garcia) , who were clearly in favor of Gretchen's collection, and Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) and Jessica Simpson (/wiki/Jessica_Simpson) , who favored Mondo's collection over Gretchen's. [3] (#cite_note-3) Jones is regarded as the most controversial winner of the series since Project Runway's inception. [4] (#cite_note-4) Tim Gunn (/wiki/Tim_Gunn) among others has been a vocal critic of the decision made by the judges. [5] (#cite_note-5) After Project Runway [ edit ] After her Project Runway win, Jones moved to New York City to create a ready-to-wear line. In 2013, Jones joined Portland-based Pendleton Woolen Mills (/wiki/Pendleton_Woolen_Mills) as its fashion director of womenswear. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2018, she graduated from the University of London (/wiki/University_of_London) College of Fashion with an MBA in fashion. [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) 'Project Runway' Recap: Season 8 Finale - And the Winner Is (http://www.stylelist.com/2010/10/29/project-runway-season-8-winner-grethcen-jones) . Stylelist.com (October 29, 2010). Retrieved on December 21, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Tim Gunn Upset with Gretchen Jones and Team Luxe | Lifetime (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz7isk-kwqY) . YouTube (August 27, 2010). Retrieved on December 21, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Project Runway, Season 8 - Finale Pt. 2 (http://www.pleasewelcomeyourjudges.com/2010/10/project-runway-season-8-finale-pt-2.html) . Please Welcome Your Judges (October 30, 2010). Retrieved on December 21, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Gretchen Jones Sounds Off on Her "Project Runway" Win (http://www.mylifetime.com/shows/project-runway/blogs/project-runway-blog/gretchen-jones-sounds-off-on-her-project-runway-win) . myLifetime.com (October 30, 2010). Retrieved on December 21, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Tim Gunn Talks Smack About Gretchen Jones Winning “Project Runway” (http://www.thefrisky.com/2011-05-13/tim-gunn-talks-smack-about-gretchen-jones-winning-project-runway/) . The Frisky (May 13, 2011). Retrieved on December 21, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Project Runway Winner Gretchen Jones Joins Pendleton Design Team" (https://risnews.com/project-runway-winner-gretchen-jones-joins-pendleton-design-team) . RIS News . Retrieved February 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) McDowell, Maghan (March 14, 2018). "Will AI Kill Creativity?" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/fashion-tech/will-ai-kill-creativity) . Business of Fashion . Retrieved February 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) " (https://www.etonline.com/project-runway-winners-where-are-they-now-103690) 'Project Runway' Winners: Where Are They Now?" (https://www.etonline.com/project-runway-winners-where-are-they-now-103690) . Entertainment Tonight . Retrieved February 7, 2020 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20110829050803/http://www.gretchenjonesnyc.com/) at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) (archived August 29, 2011) v t e Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) Seasons Original (/wiki/Project_Runway) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_7) 8 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_8) 9 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_9) 10 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_10) 11 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_11) 12 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_12) 13 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_13) 14 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_14) 15 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_15) 16 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_16) 17 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_17) 18 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_18) 19 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_19) 20 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_20) All Stars (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_season_7) Junior (/wiki/Project_Runway:_Junior) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway:_Junior) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway:_Junior_season_2) Contestants (/wiki/List_of_Project_Runway_contestants) Winners Original Jay McCarroll (/wiki/Jay_McCarroll) Chloe Dao (/wiki/Chloe_Dao) Jeffrey Sebelia (/wiki/Jeffrey_Sebelia) Christian Siriano (/wiki/Christian_Siriano) * Leanne Marshall (/wiki/Leanne_Marshall) Irina Shabayeva (/wiki/Irina_Shabayeva) Seth Aaron Henderson (/wiki/Seth_Aaron_Henderson) Gretchen Jones Anya Ayoung-Chee (/wiki/Anya_Ayoung-Chee) * Dmitry Sholokhov (/wiki/Dmitry_Sholokhov) Michelle Lesniak Dom Streater Sean Kelly Ashley Nell Tipton Erin Robertson Kentaro Kameyama Sebastian Grey Geoffrey Mac (/wiki/Geoffrey_Mac) Shantall Lacayo (/wiki/Shantall_Lacayo) Bishme Cromartie All Stars Mondo Guerra (/wiki/Mondo_Guerra) * Anthony Ryan Auld Seth Aaron Henderson (/wiki/Seth_Aaron_Henderson) Dmitry Sholokhov (/wiki/Dmitry_Sholokhov) Dom Streater Anthony Williams Michelle Lesniak Junior Maya Chelsea Austin Scarlett (/wiki/Austin_Scarlett) * Bradon McDonald (/wiki/Bradon_McDonald) Candice Cuoco (/wiki/Candice_Cuoco) Carol Hannah Whitfield (/wiki/Carol_Hannah_Whitfield) Chris March (/wiki/Chris_March) Christopher Straub (/wiki/Christopher_Straub) * Daniel Franco (/wiki/Daniel_Franco_(designer)) Daniel Vosovic (/wiki/Daniel_Vosovic) * Dexter Simmons (/wiki/Dexter_Simmons) Diana Eng (/wiki/Diana_Eng) Elena Slivnyak (/wiki/Elena_Slivnyak) * Elisa Jimenez (/wiki/Elisa_Jimenez) Emilio Sosa (/wiki/Emilio_Sosa) Garo Sparo (/wiki/Garo_Sparo) Jack Mackenroth (/wiki/Jack_Mackenroth) Kara Janx (/wiki/Kara_Janx) Kayne Gillaspie (/wiki/Kayne_Gillaspie) Keith Michael (/wiki/Keith_Michael) Kelli Martin (/wiki/Kelli_Martin) Kevin Johnn (/wiki/Kevin_Johnn) Korto Momolu (/wiki/Korto_Momolu) Laura Bennett (/wiki/Laura_Bennett) Malan Breton (/wiki/Malan_Breton) Michael Costello (/wiki/Michael_Costello_(fashion_designer)) Mila Hermanovski (/wiki/Mila_Hermanovski) Mychael Knight (/wiki/Mychael_Knight) * Nick Verreos (/wiki/Nick_Verreos) Nicolas Putvinski (/wiki/Nicolas_Putvinski) Santino Rice (/wiki/Santino_Rice) Stephen "Suede" Baum (/wiki/Stephen_%22Suede%22_Baum) Steven Rosengard (/wiki/Steven_Rosengard) Uli Herzner (/wiki/Uli_Herzner) Wendy Pepper (/wiki/Wendy_Pepper) International (/wiki/Project_Runway_(franchise)) Project Runway Algeria (/wiki/Project_Runway_El_Djazair) Designerspirene (/wiki/Designerspirene) Muodin huipulle (/wiki/Muodin_huipulle) 1 (/wiki/Muodin_huipulle_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Muodin_huipulle_season_2) Project Catwalk (Netherlands) (/wiki/Project_Catwalk_(Dutch_TV_series)) Project Catwalk (UK) (/wiki/Project_Catwalk) 1 (/wiki/Project_Catwalk_series_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Catwalk_series_2) 3 (/wiki/Project_Catwalk_series_3) Projeto Fashion (Brazil) (/wiki/Projeto_Fashion) Project Runway Australia (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia_season_4) Project Runway Arab World (/wiki/Project_Runway_(Middle_East)) Project Runway Canada (/wiki/Project_Runway_Canada) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Canada_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Canada_season_2) Project Runway Israel (/wiki/Project_Runway_Israel) Project Runway Korea (/wiki/Project_Runway_Korea) Project Runway Latin America (/wiki/Project_Runway_Latin_America) Project Runway Malaysia (/wiki/Project_Runway_Malaysia) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_Malaysia_season_1) Project Runway New Zealand (/wiki/Project_Runway_New_Zealand) Project Runway Philippines (/wiki/Project_Runway_Philippines) 1 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Rachel Roy (/wiki/Rachel_Roy) Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) Brandon Maxwell (/wiki/Brandon_Maxwell) Christian Siriano (/wiki/Christian_Siriano) Elaine Welteroth (/wiki/Elaine_Welteroth) Italics indicate All Star contestants * Asterisk indicate Fan Favorite-voted contestants on their season NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐pdtpd Cached time: 20240712171304 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.483 seconds Real time usage: 0.634 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1906/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 44645/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 917/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23751/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.297/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5398271/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gretchen_Jones&oldid=1164732640 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gretchen_Jones&oldid=1164732640) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Project Runway (American series) participants (/wiki/Category:Project_Runway_(American_series)_participants) Reality show winners (/wiki/Category:Reality_show_winners) 21st-century American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from July 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_July_2023) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
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Articles related to the bra (/wiki/Bra) The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is bra (/wiki/Bra) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brassieres (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brassieres) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐lwd5k Cached time: 20240720175541 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.087 seconds Real time usage: 0.200 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 135/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2795/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 275/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.052/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1057949/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 189.128 1 -total 75.66% 143.087 1 Template:Commons_cat 73.65% 139.301 1 Template:Sister_project 72.51% 137.128 1 Template:Side_box 24.26% 45.881 1 Template:Cat_main 3.52% 6.658 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:14707151-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720175541 and revision id 662537354. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Brassieres" The following 23 pages are in this category, out of 23 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) BodyRock Sport (/wiki/BodyRock_Sport) Bra (/wiki/Bra) Bra bomb (/wiki/Bra_bomb) Bra size (/wiki/Bra_size) Bralessness (/wiki/Bralessness) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) List of bra designs (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) C Cardrona Bra Fence (/wiki/Cardrona_Bra_Fence) D Dressed to Kill (book) (/wiki/Dressed_to_Kill_(book)) F Freedom (Yoko Ono film) (/wiki/Freedom_(Yoko_Ono_film)) H History of bras (/wiki/History_of_bras) K Kestos (/wiki/Kestos) M Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) N No Bra Day (/wiki/No_Bra_Day) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Nursing pads (/wiki/Nursing_pads) S Saf-t-Bra (/wiki/Saf-t-Bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) T Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) U Ultimo (brand) (/wiki/Ultimo_(brand)) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) W Wonderbra (/wiki/Wonderbra) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Brassieres&oldid=662537354 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Brassieres&oldid=662537354) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Lingerie (/wiki/Category:Lingerie) Breast (/wiki/Category:Breast) Foundation garments (/wiki/Category:Foundation_garments) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
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Italian fashion designer Graziella Fontana Nationality Italian (/wiki/Italians) Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) Graziella Fontana is a Genoese (/wiki/Genoa) [1] (#cite_note-1) Italian fashion designer who was active in the London Mod fashion (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)) scene in the 1960s and early 1970s. [2] (#cite_note-byrne-2) One of her designs, a hotpants (/wiki/Hotpants) suit in check Liberty (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) cotton, was chosen as the Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) in 1971. Fontana worked for a number of manufacturers and design houses in France and Britain during the 1960s and early 1970s, including Chloé (/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9) , where she was a co-designer with Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) from 1965 to 1972. [3] (#cite_note-vogue-3) [4] (#cite_note-drake-4) Although Italian, and associated with the French house of Chloé, she was also listed alongside Ossie Clark (/wiki/Ossie_Clark) and Foale and Tuffin (/wiki/Foale_and_Tuffin) as one of "England's young mod designers". [2] (#cite_note-byrne-2) She also designed for the Italian fashion house Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) in the mid-1960s, [5] (#cite_note-5) the Scottish knitwear brand Lyle & Scott (/wiki/Lyle_%26_Scott) , [6] (#cite_note-6) and the English designer Judith Hornby (/wiki/Judy_Hornby) , for whom the Dress of the Year hot-pants outfit was created. [7] (#cite_note-7) Fontana was particularly known for her sharply tailored suits. [4] (#cite_note-drake-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Unknown title". Courier: Fact, Fiction, Art, Satire . 41 . Norman Kark Publications Ltd. 1963. ^ Jump up to: a b Byrne, Julie (May 5, 1968). "MINI LOOK Mod Styles for Swinging Set". Los Angeles Times . (subscription required) ^ (#cite_ref-vogue_3-0) "Chloe - Voguepedia" (http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Chloe) . Vogue.com . Retrieved 22 January 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Drake, Alicia (2012). The Beautiful Fall: Fashion, Genius and Glorious Excess in 1970s Paris . Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781408835944 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Evans, Christopher Huw; Blanchard, Paul (1987). Gloria Bianchino (ed.). Italian fashion volume 2 . Milano: Electa. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780847808908 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Unknown title". Country Fair . 37 . Norman Kark Publ. 1969. The colours selected by Graziella Fontana, designer for Lyle & Scott, are excitingly different... ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Dress of the Year 1970-1979" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131105025339/http://www.fashionmuseum.co.uk/collections/dress_of_the_year/1970_-_1979.aspx) . Fashion Museum, Bath. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionmuseum.co.uk/collections/dress_of_the_year/1970_-_1979.aspx) on 5 November 2013 . Retrieved 22 January 2013 . This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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See also: Category:Actresses from Kerala (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Kerala) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7b964c8bc7‐sbnk4 Cached time: 20240709040914 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.036 seconds Real time usage: 0.049 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 24/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 353/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.014/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 626386/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 42.906 1 -total 100.00% 42.906 1 Template:See_also_cat 16.91% 7.256 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55837921-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709040914 and revision id 1073575116. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. T Female models from Thiruvananthapuram (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Thiruvananthapuram) (8 P) Pages in category "Female models from Kerala" The following 30 pages are in this category, out of 30 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Arthana Binu (/wiki/Arthana_Binu) D Neha Dhupia (/wiki/Neha_Dhupia) H Ranjini Haridas (/wiki/Ranjini_Haridas) I Rohini Mariam Idicula (/wiki/Rohini_Mariam_Idicula) Poornima Indrajith (/wiki/Poornima_Indrajith) J Rosin Jolly (/wiki/Rosin_Jolly) K Rima Kallingal (/wiki/Rima_Kallingal) L Aishwarya Lekshmi (/wiki/Aishwarya_Lekshmi) M Lakshmi Menon (model) (/wiki/Lakshmi_Menon_(model)) Sheetal Menon (/wiki/Sheetal_Menon) Shwetha Menon (/wiki/Shwetha_Menon) Miya George (/wiki/Miya_George) Sreevidya Mullachery (/wiki/Sreevidya_Mullachery) N Parvati Nair (/wiki/Parvati_Nair) Radhika Nair (model) (/wiki/Radhika_Nair_(model)) Resmi R Nair (/wiki/Resmi_R_Nair) Thulasi Nair (/wiki/Thulasi_Nair) Lakshmi Nakshathra (/wiki/Lakshmi_Nakshathra) O Parvathy Omanakuttan (/wiki/Parvathy_Omanakuttan) P Amala Paul (/wiki/Amala_Paul) Priyamani (/wiki/Priyamani) R Shruti Ramachandran (/wiki/Shruti_Ramachandran) Neha Ratnakaran (/wiki/Neha_Ratnakaran) Aditi Ravi (/wiki/Aditi_Ravi) Archana Ravi (/wiki/Archana_Ravi) S Serah (actress) (/wiki/Serah_(actress)) Subbalakshmi (/wiki/Subbalakshmi) Sukumari (/wiki/Sukumari) Nidhi Sunil (/wiki/Nidhi_Sunil) V Dhanya Mary Varghese (/wiki/Dhanya_Mary_Varghese) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Kerala&oldid=1073575116 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Kerala&oldid=1073575116) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian female models by state or union territory (/wiki/Category:Indian_female_models_by_state_or_union_territory) Models from Kerala (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Kerala) Women from Kerala by occupation (/wiki/Category:Women_from_Kerala_by_occupation)
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German fashion label You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_David_(Marke)) in German . (June 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View (https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCamp_David_(Marke)&sl=de&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en) a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL (https://deepl.com) or Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) , is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic (/wiki/Template:Expand_German#Topics_and_categorization) to this template: there are already 1,935 articles in the main category (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_German_Wikipedia) , and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution (/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia) in the edit summary (/wiki/Help:Edit_summary) accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link (/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links) to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Camp David (Marke)]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|de|Camp David (Marke)}} to the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Camp_David_(fashion)) . For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation (/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation) . Camp David Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Founded 1997 Headquarters Hoppegarten (/wiki/Hoppegarten) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) Products Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) accessories Number of employees 250 (as of 2013) [1] (#cite_note-Mielke-1) Website www (http://www.campdavid-soccx.de) .campdavid-soccx (http://www.campdavid-soccx.de) .de (http://www.campdavid-soccx.de) Camp David (stylised as CAMP DAVID ) is a fashion label (/wiki/Fashion_label) of Clinton Großhandels-GmbH (/w/index.php?title=Clinton_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1) founded in 1997 and headquartered in Hoppegarten (/wiki/Hoppegarten) , Brandenburg (/wiki/Brandenburg) . The label produces men's clothing and manages retail stores (/wiki/Retail_store) . It focuses on leisurewear (/wiki/Leisurewear) , but also offers suits (/wiki/Suit_(clothing)) , accessories, and shoes (/wiki/Shoe) . Famous brand ambassadors include Dieter Bohlen (/wiki/Dieter_Bohlen) , [1] (#cite_note-Mielke-1) Arthur Abraham (/wiki/Arthur_Abraham) , [1] (#cite_note-Mielke-1) and Marcus Schenkenberg (/wiki/Marcus_Schenkenberg) . [2] (#cite_note-Erfolg-2) History [ edit ] The label was developed in 1997 by the company Clinton as a brand of leisurewear for men. At the same time, the label Soccx targeted towards women was also created. In 2000, the franchise (/wiki/Franchising) system Chelsea was created for the establishment of clothing stores. In 2008, a concept for Camp David stores and 2010 one for Soccx was introduced in the same way. Until 2010, the brand was only available in the new states of Germany (/wiki/New_states_of_Germany) . The expansion into the West only began following the hiring of Dieter Bohlen (/wiki/Dieter_Bohlen) as a brand ambassador and the associated presence of the brand in the television programme Das Supertalent (/wiki/Das_Supertalent) , the German instalment of the Got Talent (/wiki/Got_Talent) franchise. [3] (#cite_note-Thönnissen-3) In 2013, there were 230 stores and more than 1,000 selling areas in department store or boutiques of both Camp David and Soccx in Germany (/wiki/Germany) , Austria (/wiki/Austria) , and Switzerland (/wiki/Switzerland) . [1] (#cite_note-Mielke-1) In 2014, according to data provided by the company, there were 250 stores and 1,500 selling areas. [4] (#cite_note-Morgenpost-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) The mother company Clinton was named after Bill Clinton (/wiki/Bill_Clinton) , who was President of the United States (/wiki/President_of_the_United_States) when it was founded, while Camp David (/wiki/Camp_David) was chosen after the country retreat for the President. [2] (#cite_note-Erfolg-2) Soccx references Bill Clinton's pet cat Socks (/wiki/Socks_(cat)) and Chelsea his daughter Chelsea Clinton (/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton) . [1] (#cite_note-Mielke-1) The names are considered as a successful example of the country-of-origin effect (/wiki/Country-of-origin_effect) . [2] (#cite_note-Erfolg-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Mode aus Brandenburg: Camp David macht sich schick (Fashion from Brandenburg: Camp David smartens up)" (https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/mode-aus-brandenburg-camp-david-macht-sich-schick/7882908.html) . tagesspiegel.de (/wiki/Tagesspiegel) (by Jahel Mielke) . 6 March 2013 . Retrieved 2 June 2018 . (in German) ^ Jump up to: a b c Roman Anlanger, Wolfgang A. Engel: Trojanisches Marketing. Mit unkonventionellen Methoden und kleinen Budgets zum Erfolg. Freiburg, Haufe-Lexware 2013. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-648-03809-3 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-648-03809-3) (p. 97-100) (in German) ^ (#cite_ref-Thönnissen_3-0) "Bunte Slogans für breite Schultern (Colourful slogans for broad shoulders)" (https://www.tagesspiegel.de/weltspiegel/bunte-slogans-fuer-breite-schultern/6196478.html) . tagesspiegel.de (/wiki/Tagesspiegel) (by Grit Thönnissen) . 11 February 2012 . Retrieved 2 June 2018 . (in German) ^ (#cite_ref-Morgenpost_4-0) "Millioneninvestition: "Camp David" liegt in Hoppegarten" (https://www.morgenpost.de/printarchiv/wirtschaft/article126909954/Millioneninvestition-Camp-David-liegt-in-Hoppegarten.html) . morgenpost.de (/wiki/Berliner_Morgenpost) . 14 April 2014 . Retrieved 2 June 2018 . (in German) (subscription required) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "List of Camp David stores" (https://www.oeffnungszeiten.com/Camp-David/filialen) . oeffnungszeiten.com . Retrieved 2 June 2018 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camp_David_(fashion)&oldid=1151339035 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camp_David_(fashion)&oldid=1151339035) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands of Germany (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Germany) Clothing companies established in 1997 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1997) Companies based in Brandenburg (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Brandenburg) 1997 establishments in Germany (/wiki/Category:1997_establishments_in_Germany) Hidden categories: Articles with German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_German-language_sources_(de)) Pages containing links to subscription-only content (/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_links_to_subscription-only_content) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles needing translation from German Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_German_Wikipedia) Use dmy dates from June 2018 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2018)
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American fashion designer Tina Leser (December 12, 1910 – January 23, 1986) was an American fashion designer. Part of a generation of pioneering sportswear designers, Leser was particularly known for her global influences. Personal life [ edit ] Tina Leser was born Christine Buffington. Her birth parents were Mary Edith Cox and Charles Buffington. Cox arranged Leser's adoption by her cousin Georgine after she and her husband, Charles Shillard-Smith, spent months wintering in California. [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) Her name became Christine Wetherill Shillard-Smith in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) She studied art at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (/wiki/Pennsylvania_Academy_of_the_Fine_Arts) , the School of Industrial Arts in Philadelphia, and the Sorbonne in Paris. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Leser made her debut (/wiki/Debutante) in Philadelphia in 1929. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) Tina married marine biologist Curtis Leser in November 1931 and the couple moved to Honolulu (/wiki/Honolulu) , [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) where Curtis worked for the Academy of Science. Tina took up spearfishing and diving with Hawaiian locals. [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) In 1936, the Lesers divorced, [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) but Tina decided to keep Leser as her professional name for the remainder of her career. [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) In 1948, Tina Leser married James J. Howley (1920-2012). [6] (#cite_note-6) The couple had one daughter. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) In 1949, Leser and Howley took a round the world honeymoon that helped to develop Leser's international aesthetic. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) In 1982, the Long Island home of Leser and Howey was burglarized. Two million dollars worth of art and silver were stolen, including a Picasso and a Monet. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) The thieves were caught. [8] (#cite_note-8) Leser's mother, Georgine Shillard-Smith, founded the Gulf Coast Art Center. Leser was president of the organization from 1952 to 1954. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) The Gulf Coast Art Center closed in 2009. [9] (#cite_note-9) Career [ edit ] Leser opened a speciality store in Honolulu (/wiki/Honolulu) in 1935 called Tina Leser Gowns, located across the street from the Royal Hawaiian Hotel (/wiki/Royal_Hawaiian_Hotel) . Until it closed in 1942, the store sold resort wear, primarily playsuits and coverups, designed by Leser that she created with the help of a French dressmaker (/wiki/Dressmaker) . [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) Fabrics used included sailcloth, Hawaiian and Filipino fabrics. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Her client base included celebrities such as The Dolly Sisters and Joan Crawford (/wiki/Joan_Crawford) . The exposition allowed her to sell her designs to department stores Bonwit Teller (/wiki/Bonwit_Teller) and Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) . [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) After the Attack on Pearl Harbor (/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor) , she was required to close the shop and leave the island. [1] (#cite_note-:7-1) Encouraged by Edna Woolman Chase (/wiki/Edna_Woolman_Chase) and Carmel Snow (/wiki/Carmel_Snow) , Leser met with buyers at Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) who purchased 500 playsuits from Leser. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Leser briefly ran her own company in New York from 1941 to 1943. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Her 1941 collections included Hawaiian palaka fabric, hand painted fabric, and menswear. [10] (#cite_note-:5-10) At that time, her business was headquartered at 1 West 47th Street in Manhattan. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) A 1941 article describes her salon as having "hand-painted satin drapes and sea-shell chairs." [10] (#cite_note-:5-10) From 1942 to 1952, Leser designed for the Edwin H. Foreman sportswear company. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) While working with Edwin H. Foreman, Leser introduced harem pants (/wiki/Harem_pants) , dhoti pants, and toreador pants as "at home" clothing for American women. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) In 1952, Lesser again founded her own company, Tina Leser Inc., which she headed until her retirement in 1964. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The headquarters were at 550 7th Avenue in Manhattan. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) During this phase in her career, Leser promoted hand painted Hawaiian print, sarong-type play clothes, and cashmere dresses. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) From 1949 to 1953, Leser organized the Tina Leser prize for Japanese designers. [11] (#cite_note-11) Leser's celebrity clients included Joan Crawford (/wiki/Joan_Crawford) , Joan Fontaine (/wiki/Joan_Fontaine) , Paulette Goddard (/wiki/Paulette_Goddard) , Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , and Kim Novak (/wiki/Kim_Novak) . [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) Leser designed costumes for the 1950 film Born to be Bad (/wiki/Born_to_Be_Bad_(1950_film)) . Star Joan Fontaine (/wiki/Joan_Fontaine) said "the only acceptable art of the film was my wardrobe designed by Tina Leser." [12] (#cite_note-12) Leser also designed the costumes for the 1946 Broadway musical Park Avenue (/wiki/Park_Avenue_(musical)) . [13] (#cite_note-13) Tina Leser died on January 23, 1986. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Legacy [ edit ] Liz Claiborne (/wiki/Liz_Claiborne_(fashion_designer)) 's began her career as a model and sketch artist for Tina Leser. [14] (#cite_note-:6-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) From Leser, Clairborne learned "that being a designer meant hard, long, interminably long hours of work..." [14] (#cite_note-:6-14) Tina Leser's work is held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) , [17] (#cite_note-17) Museum of Fine Arts (/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston) in Boston, [18] (#cite_note-18) Philadelphia Museum of Art (/wiki/Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art) , [19] (#cite_note-19) Phoenix Art Museum (/wiki/Phoenix_Art_Museum) , [20] (#cite_note-20) and Kent State University (/wiki/Kent_State_University) Museum, [21] (#cite_note-21) Awards [ edit ] Neiman Marcus Fashion Award (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus_Fashion_Award) , 1945 Coty Award (/wiki/Coty_Award) , 1945 Outstanding Designer, Philadelphia Museum School of Art (/wiki/Philadelphia_Museum_School_of_Art) , 1955 Sportswear Design Award, Sports Illustrated , 1956 [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f Deihl, Nancy (2018). The hidden history of American fashion : rediscovering twentieth-century women designers . London: Bloomsbury (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing) . p. 41. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-3500-0047-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 970386965 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/970386965) . ^ a b c d e f "TINA LESER, A DESIGNER, DIES; HEADED SPORTSWEAR CONCERN" (https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/27/obituaries/tina-leser-a-designer-dies-headed-sportswear-concern.html) . The New York Times . 1986-01-27. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ a b c d e F, José Blanco; Hunt-Hurst, Patricia Kay; Lee, Heather Vaughan; Doering, Mary (2015-11-23). Clothing and Fashion: American Fashion from Head to Toe . ABC-CLIO. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781610693103 . ^ a b c d e f g Cosdon, Christina K. (October 30, 1973). "Tina Leser Fashions To Be Shown" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19731030&id=6vdRAAAAIBAJ&pg=7104,5730008&hl=en) . Pinellas Times . Retrieved July 7, 2016 – via https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19731030&id=6vdRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IXMDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7104,5730008&hl=en (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19731030&id=6vdRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IXMDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7104,5730008&hl=en) . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : External link in |via= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link) ) ^ a b Onofrio, Jan (1999-01-01). Pennsylvania Biographical Dictionary . Somerset Publishers, Inc. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780403099504 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "James Howley's Obituary on Tampa Bay Times" (http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/sptimes/obituary.aspx?n=james-howley&pid=155935827) . Tampa Bay Times . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ a b Times, James Barron, Special To The New York (1982-04-15). "GUNMEN ROB NASSAU HOME OF ART VALUED AT $2 MILLION" (https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/15/nyregion/gunmen-rob-nassau-home-of-art-valued-at-2-million.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-8) Upi (1982-07-16). "THE REGION; Stolen Art Seized; 4 Men Arrested" (https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/16/nyregion/the-region-stolen-art-seized-4-men-arrested.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Largo's Gulf Coast Museum of Art falls to lack of visibility, economy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160301091501/http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/columns/largos-gulf-coast-museum-of-art-falls-to-lack-of-visibility-economy/972062) . Tampa Bay Times . Archived from the original (http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/columns/largos-gulf-coast-museum-of-art-falls-to-lack-of-visibility-economy/972062) on March 1, 2016 . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ a b Gardner, Joan (June 25, 1941). "Young Designer Weaves Hawaii Into New Styles" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1338&dat=19410625&id=iNdXAAAAIBAJ&pg=7094,5622349&hl=en) . Spokane Daily Chronicle . Retrieved July 7, 2016 – via https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1338&dat=19410625&id=iNdXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XfUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7094,5622349&hl=en (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1338&dat=19410625&id=iNdXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XfUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7094,5622349&hl=en) . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : External link in |via= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link) ) ^ (#cite_ref-11) Caroli, Rosa; Basosi, Duccio (2015-01-01). Legacies of the U. S. Occupation of Japan: Appraisals After Sixty Years . Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781443876896 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Silvester, Christopher (2002-02-01). The Grove Book of Hollywood . Grove Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780802138781 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) League, The Broadway. "Park Avenue | IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information" (https://www.ibdb.com/Production/View/1475) . www.ibdb.com . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ a b Ortenberg, Art (2010-04-16). Liz Claiborne: The Legend, the Woman . Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781589794948 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2015-03-17). World Clothing and Fashion: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Social Influence . Routledge. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781317451679 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Jackson, Kenneth T.; Keller, Lisa; Flood, Nancy (2010-12-01). The Encyclopedia of New York City: Second Edition . Yale University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0300182576 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Collection" (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search) . The Metropolitan Museum of Art, i.e. The Met Museum . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Collections Search" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180415175814/http://www.mfa.org/collections/search) . Museum of Fine Arts, Boston . Archived from the original (http://www.mfa.org/collections/search) on 2018-04-15 . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Art, Philadelphia Museum of. "Philadelphia Museum of Art - Collections : Search Collections" (http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/results.html?searchTxt=tina%2520leser&bSuggest=1&searchNameID=&searchClassID=&searchOrigin=&searchDeptID=&page=1) . www.philamuseum.org . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Phoenix Art Museum" (http://egallery.phxart.org/view/objects/asitem/search@/0?t:state:flow=b3bbbc29-6d25-428d-b13a-fb06dc15592a) . egallery.phxart.org . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "KSU Museum | Kent State University" (https://www.kent.edu/fashion/ksu-museum) . www.kent.edu . Retrieved 2016-07-07 . External links [ edit ] "Doves," Metropolitan Museum of Art (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/96612?sortBy=Relevance&who=Leser+Tina%24Tina+Leser&ft=*&pg=1&rpp=20&pos=9) Beach cover-up, Metropolitan Museum of Art (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/83914?sortBy=Relevance&who=Leser+Tina%24Tina+Leser&ft=*&pg=1&rpp=20&pos=1) Evening ensemble, Metropolitan Museum of Art (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/155709?sortBy=Relevance&who=Leser+Tina%24Tina+Leser&ft=*&pg=1&rpp=20&pos=4) Woman's swimsuit, Museum of Fine Arts (http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/womans-swimsuit-555307) Woman's suit, Philadelphia Museum of Art (http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/209915.html?mulR=872835268%7C6) Woman's ensemble, Philadelphia Museum of Art (http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/90835.html?mulR=872835268%7C10) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/309814716) Artists ULAN (https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500332966) v t e American sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) 20th century sportswear designers Adri (/wiki/Adrienne_Steckling-Coen) Bill Atkinson (/wiki/Bill_Atkinson_(designer)) Louella Ballerino (/wiki/Louella_Ballerino) Jhane Barnes (/wiki/Jhane_Barnes) Geoffrey Beene (/wiki/Geoffrey_Beene) Tom Brigance (/wiki/Tom_Brigance) Donald Brooks (/wiki/Donald_Brooks) Stephen Burrows (/wiki/Stephen_Burrows_(designer)) Jeanne Campbell (/wiki/Jeanne_S._Campbell) Bonnie Cashin (/wiki/Bonnie_Cashin) Kenneth Cole (/wiki/Kenneth_Cole_(designer)) Liz Claiborne (/wiki/Liz_Claiborne) Perry Ellis (/wiki/Perry_Ellis) Anne Fogarty (/wiki/Anne_Fogarty) Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) Rudi Gernreich (/wiki/Rudi_Gernreich) Halston (/wiki/Halston) Elizabeth Hawes (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hawes) Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) Norma Kamali (/wiki/Norma_Kamali) Donna Karan (/wiki/Donna_Karan) Muriel King (/wiki/Muriel_King) Anne Klein (/wiki/Anne_Klein_(fashion_designer)) Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) Tina Leser Vera Maxwell (/wiki/Vera_Maxwell) Claire McCardell (/wiki/Claire_McCardell) Isaac Mizrahi (/wiki/Isaac_Mizrahi) Clare Potter (/wiki/Clare_Potter) Clovis Ruffin (/wiki/Clovis_Ruffin) Giorgio di Sant' Angelo (/wiki/Giorgio_di_Sant%27_Angelo) Carolyn Schnurer (/wiki/Carolyn_Schnurer) Diane von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) Vera Wang (/wiki/Vera_Wang) John Weitz (/wiki/John_Weitz) Emily Wilkens (/wiki/Emily_Wilkens) Sydney Wragge (/wiki/Sydney_Wragge) Zoran (/wiki/Zoran_(designer)) 21st century sportswear designers Derek Lam (/wiki/Derek_Lam) Mary Ping (/wiki/Mary_Ping) Zac Posen (/wiki/Zac_Posen) Proenza Schouler (/wiki/Proenza_Schouler) Behnaz Sarafpour (/wiki/Behnaz_Sarafpour) Notable designs Popover (dress) (/wiki/Popover_(dress)) Wrap dress (/wiki/Wrap_dress) Other associated people Richard Martin (/wiki/Richard_Martin_(curator)) Dorothy Shaver (/wiki/Dorothy_Shaver) See also The American Look (/wiki/American_Look_(fashion_movement)) Clothing terminology (/wiki/Clothing_terminology) Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) History of clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐dblv8 Cached time: 20240713002948 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.558 seconds Real time usage: 0.644 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1341/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 52660/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 434/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 95671/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.379/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4877915/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 568.650 1 -total 52.21% 296.883 1 Template:Reflist 30.97% 176.138 8 Template:Cite_book 23.86% 135.652 1 Template:Authority_control 14.36% 81.635 1 Template:Short_description 8.33% 47.384 2 Template:Pagetype 7.33% 41.663 8 Template:Cite_web 5.68% 32.317 5 Template:Cite_news 5.08% 28.899 1 Template:American_sportswear 4.58% 26.043 1 Template:Navbox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:51015313-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713002948 and revision id 1233961939. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tina_Leser&oldid=1233961939 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tina_Leser&oldid=1233961939) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1910 births (/wiki/Category:1910_births) 1986 deaths (/wiki/Category:1986_deaths) American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts alumni (/wiki/Category:Pennsylvania_Academy_of_the_Fine_Arts_alumni) 20th-century American women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_women) Hidden categories: CS1 errors: external links (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_external_links) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with ULAN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ULAN_identifiers)
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English fashion model Primrose Archer Born Primrose Mary O. Archer 2000 (age 23–24) Worcestershire (/wiki/Worcestershire) , England (/wiki/England) Nationality British (/wiki/British_people) Modelling information Height 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) Hair colour Brown Eye colour Blue Agency The Lions (/wiki/The_Lions_(agency)) (New York City) Fabbrica Milano Management (Milan) Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) (Paris, London) (mother agency) [1] (#cite_note-1) Primrose Mary O. Archer is an English fashion model. Early life [ edit ] Archer was born in Worcestershire (/wiki/Worcestershire) , England—the eighth of ten children—and raised on a farm. [2] (#cite_note-VogueUK-2) She and her siblings appeared in British Vogue (/wiki/British_Vogue) in a 2005 editorial photographed by Tim Walker (/wiki/Tim_Walker) when she was a child. [2] (#cite_note-VogueUK-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) She was educated at The Bewdley School (/wiki/The_Bewdley_School) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Career [ edit ] Archer was discovered at Birmingham's Clothes Show Live (/wiki/Clothes_Show_Live) . [2] (#cite_note-VogueUK-2) In December 2018, she appeared on the cover of British Vogue , hand-chosen by editor-in-chief Edward Enninful (/wiki/Edward_Enninful) , for one of the month's four covers; models like Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) and Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) appeared on other covers. [5] (#cite_note-5) The cover was photographed by Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . Archer has modelled for Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) and Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) campaigns, [6] (#cite_note-6) while walking the runway for Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Matty Bovan, Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) , Simone Rocha (/wiki/Simone_Rocha) , Coach New York (/wiki/Coach_New_York) , and Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) . [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Primrose Archer - Model" (https://models.com/models/primrose-archer) . models.com. ^ Jump up to: a b c "From Farm To Vogue Cover: Meet Primrose Archer" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/primrose-archer-british-vogue-december-2018-cover-interview) . British Vogue . 5 November 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "These Are the New Models to Keep Your Eye on This Year" (https://fashionmagazine.com/fashion/new-models-2019/) . Fashion Canada . 10 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Sixteen year-old model talks about getting scouted for one of the UK's biggest modelling agencies" (https://www.worcesternews.co.uk/news/14958896.sixteen-year-old-model-talks-about-getting-scouted-for-one-of-the-uks-biggest-modelling-agencies/) . Worcester News . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "4 Exciting Faces Cover Edward Enninful's One-Year Anniversary Issue Of British Vogue" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/stella-tennant-adut-akech-saffron-vadher-primrose-archer-december-cover-british-vogue-2018) . British Vogue . 5 November 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "PRIMROSE ARCHER HIGH KICKS HER WAY TO HIGH FASHION IN THE NEW MARC JACOBS CAMPAIGN" (https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/article/primrose-archer-high-kicks-her-way-to-high-fashion-in-the-new-marc-jacobs-campaign) . Love Magazine . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Top 14 Models of Fall 2019" (https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/vogue-top-14-models-fall-2019) . Vogue . 13 March 2019. 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Italian fashion designer (born 1948) Chiara Boni Born 27 August 1948 ( 1948-08-27 ) (age 75) Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Italy Occupation fashion designer Chiara Boni (born 27 August 1948) is an Italian fashion designer, whose career spanned over 50 years. Biography [ edit ] Born in Florence (/wiki/Florence) , a liceo linguistico (/wiki/Liceo_linguistico) graduate, [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) in 1971 Boni opened her first clothing and accessories boutique "You Tarzan Me Jane" in her hometown. [2] (#cite_note-bio2-2) [3] (#cite_note-sol-3) A member of the group UFO (Urban Future Organization), in 1973 she got her first magazine cover on Domus (/wiki/Domus_(magazine)) . [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) In 1975, she launched her her first couture collection. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) In 1985, following an agreement with the Gruppo Finanziario Tessile (Gft), she founded the company Chiara Boni Spa and launched her eponymous brand. [3] (#cite_note-sol-3) [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) [4] (#cite_note-rep-4) In 2008, she launched the collections "Chiara Boni Girl" and "La Petite Robe". [3] (#cite_note-sol-3) Boni's neo-avantgarde style is characterized by the use of stretch or soft materials, notably spandex (/wiki/Spandex) and organza (/wiki/Organza) . [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) [2] (#cite_note-bio2-2) [4] (#cite_note-rep-4) Known for her often provocative fashion shows, in the 1990s she was one of the first stylists to organise a fashion show fully consisting of transsexual models, and she brought pornstars Moana Pozzi (/wiki/Moana_Pozzi) and Éva Henger (/wiki/%C3%89va_Henger) onto the catwalk. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Beyond her fashion career, Boni hosted a TV program on Rai 3 (/wiki/Rai_3) ( Il dilemma - Storia di famiglie allargate ) and was a contestant in Ballando con le Stelle (/wiki/Ballando_con_le_Stelle) , the Italian version of Dancing with the Stars (/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_(American_TV_series)) . [7] (#cite_note-Viventi-7) Between 2000 and 2005 she served as Regional Councillor for Image and Communication of Tuscany (/wiki/Tuscany) . [4] (#cite_note-rep-4) [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e Carloni, Maria Vittoria (1999). "Boni, Chiara". In Vergani, Guido (ed.). Dizionario della moda . Baldini & Castoldi (/wiki/Baldini_%26_Castoldi) . p. 90. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-8089-585-5 . ^ a b Rak, Michele (2003). Fashion in Italy: the twentieth century (in Italian). Fototeca di Roma. p. 152. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-7621-405-9 . ^ a b c Crivelli, Giulia (27 September 2021). "Chiara Boni festeggia con ironia e ottimismo 50 anni di carriera nella moda" (https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/chiara-boni-festeggia-ironia-e-ottimismo-50-anni-carriera-moda-AEg7Qol#U4055632274634D) . Il Sole 24 Ore (/wiki/Il_Sole_24_Ore) (in Italian) . Retrieved 12 August 2023 . ^ a b c Asnaghi, Laura (9 December 2013). "Chiara Boni, l'eleganza del tubino "Così le donne si sentono belle" (https://www.repubblica.it/economia/affari-e-finanza/2013/12/09/news/chiara_boni_leleganza_del_tubino_cos_le_donne_si_sentono_belle-73085087/) " (https://www.repubblica.it/economia/affari-e-finanza/2013/12/09/news/chiara_boni_leleganza_del_tubino_cos_le_donne_si_sentono_belle-73085087/) . La Repubblica (/wiki/La_Repubblica) (in Italian) . Retrieved 12 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Sanchi, Enrico (27 September 2021). "50 anni Chiara Boni: collezione Primavera Estate 2022 Le Petite Robe" (https://www.lifeandpeople.it/2021/09/27/moda-inclusiva-chiara-boni-compie-50-anni-milano-fashion-week-collezione-primavera-estate-2022/) . Life&People Magazine (in Italian) . Retrieved 12 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Dondoni, Luca (7 October 1995). "Eva, stella del porno sfila per Chiara Boni". La Stampa (/wiki/La_Stampa) . p. 14. ^ (#cite_ref-Viventi_7-0) Dell'Arti, Giorgio; Parrini, Massimo (2009). "Boni, Chiara" Catalogo dei viventi . Marsilio. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-3179-599-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-3179-599-9) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Gibellino, Fabio (31 October 2019). "La politica è di moda" (https://www.milanofinanza.it/news/la-politica-e-di-moda-201910301843558683) . MF Milano Finanza (/wiki/MF_Milano_Finanza) (in Italian) . Retrieved 12 August 2023 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.chiaraboni.com/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/6709014) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n98052720) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐28vg9 Cached time: 20240624005920 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.347 seconds Real time usage: 0.468 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2265/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21963/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1623/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36130/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.232/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6002572/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 447.109 1 -total 32.66% 146.008 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.00% 84.931 2 Template:Cite_book 18.25% 81.618 1 Template:ACArt 16.25% 72.656 1 Template:Short_description 11.73% 52.440 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.54% 42.655 1 Template:Birth-date_and_age 8.67% 38.755 17 Template:Main_other 8.41% 37.588 2 Template:Pagetype 6.71% 30.017 1 Template:Birth-date Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74574675-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624005920 and revision id 1227422720. 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Independent British designer brand Ally Capellino Company type Private company Industry Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessories) Founded London (/wiki/London) , England (1980) Founder Alison Lloyd, Jonathan Platt Headquarters London , England Key people Alison Lloyd Website www (http://www.allycapellino.co.uk) .allycapellino (http://www.allycapellino.co.uk) .co (http://www.allycapellino.co.uk) .uk (http://www.allycapellino.co.uk) Ally Capellino is an independent British designer brand that was established in 1980 by Alison Lloyd and Jonathan Platt. Originally launching as an accessories company (the name is roughly translated from the Italian for 'little hat'), and later expanding into classic tailoring and ready to wear, it has been described as the label that: "dominated the wardrobes of many sensible and stylish women throughout the 80s and into the 90s". [1] (#cite_note-theguardian-1) Following the restructuring of the original company in 1999, Lloyd relaunched Ally Capellino alone, focusing on bags. [1] (#cite_note-theguardian-1) The brand now retails through two London shops, a web-store and other retailers. Collaborations include a branded range for Apple (/wiki/Apple_Inc) and the Tate Gallery (/wiki/Tate_Gallery) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-shop.tate-3) History [ edit ] After studying fashion and textiles at Middlesex University (/wiki/Middlesex_University) , Alison Lloyd designed clothes destined for M&S (/wiki/M%26S) at Courtaulds (/wiki/Courtaulds) ' central design studio, before launching Ally Capellino in 1980 with her then partner Jonathan Platt. [4] (#cite_note-independent-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-telegraph-6) Ally Capellino's first London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) show was in 1986 and it also expanded into menswear in the same year. [7] (#cite_note-books.google-7) In 1987, Ally Capellino signed a licensing agreement with the Japanese (/wiki/Japan) firm GCO Company and five years later, in 1992, it signed a design consultancy and licensing agreement with Coats Viyella (/wiki/Coats_Viyella) . [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Notably, it became one of the first British fashion names of this era to break into the Japanese market in the early '90s. [4] (#cite_note-independent-4) The company went into liquidation in 1999 – Lloyd has described this as partly a result of management difficulties and partly because of the break up of her relationship with Platt – with Lloyd restructuring the business alone in 2000. [4] (#cite_note-independent-4) In 2005, Ally Capellino opened a shop in Shoreditch (/wiki/Shoreditch) [10] (#cite_note-howtospendit-10) and launched their e-commerce site. [11] (#cite_note-11) A further shop opened on Portobello Road (/wiki/Portobello_Road) in 2011 [4] (#cite_note-independent-4) followed by a third shop in Marylebone in summer 2015. [12] (#cite_note-12) In November 2014 Lloyd was awarded an honorary Doctorate from the University of Hertfordshire School of Creative Arts for her contribution to Fashion. [13] (#cite_note-13) In December 2019, the parent company of Ally Capellino merged with Authentic Bespoke Group. [14] (#cite_note-14) Key collaborations [ edit ] In 2006 Ally Capellino began working with Tate galleries, producing a range of goods for artists including a satchel, apron and pencil case. [15] (#cite_note-15) In 2008 the label began a collaboration with Apple, designing laptop bags for Apple's European market. [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2011 Ally Capellino collaborated on a rucksack with the Danish fashion brand Norse Project. [17] (#cite_note-17) In September 2013, Ally Capellino created a range of leather goods exclusively for Ace Hotel in Shoreditch London. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2014 Ally Capellino collaborated with the food journal The Gourmand on a limited edition Market Bag. [19] (#cite_note-19) In early 2022, Ally Capellino collaborated with Barbour (/wiki/J._Barbour_and_Sons) , creating a range of jackets, hats, and backpacks. [20] (#cite_note-20) Exhibitions [ edit ] In 2010, Ally Capellino marked its 30-year anniversary with an exhibition at The Wapping Project (/wiki/Wapping_Hydraulic_Power_Station) . [21] (#cite_note-21) In 2013, as part of the London Design Festival (/wiki/London_Design_Festival) , Ally Capellino's first chair collection ‘Bums on Seats’ was exhibited at the V&A (/wiki/V%26A_Museum) 's Sackler gallery and as part of the 'Best of Britannia' exhibition in Clerkenwell (/wiki/Clerkenwell) . [22] (#cite_note-22) In the same year, Ally Capellino featured in the V&A's 'Club to Catwalk' exhibition, which profiled the London fashion scene of the 1980s. [10] (#cite_note-howtospendit-10) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Hadley Freeman (5 January 2001). "Ally Capellino | Fashion" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2001/jan/05/fashion3) . The Guardian . Retrieved 2014-02-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Fashion's free spirits - Telegraph" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8750474/Fashions-free-spirits.html) . Fashion.telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 2014-02-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-shop.tate_3-0) "Ally Capellino at Tate Online Shop" (http://shop.tate.org.uk/ally-capellino/icat/allycap) . Shop.tate.org.uk . Retrieved 2014-02-02 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Harriet Walker (2011-10-24). "Ally Capellino: It's in the bag - Features - Fashion" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/ally-capellino-its-in-the-bag-2374933.html?origin=internalSearch) . The Independent . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Profile page | Debrett's" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140221164308/http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today-profile?person=1617) . Debretts.com. Archived from the original (http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today-profile?person=1617) on 2014-02-21 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph_6-0) Culture (2007-06-09). "The world of Ally Capellino, fashion designer" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3665716/The-world-of-Ally-Capellino-fashion-designer.html) . Telegraph . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-books.google_7-0) Publications, Europa (2003). The International Who's Who 2004 - Europa Publications - Google Books . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781857432176 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Биография Ally Capellino" (http://www.peoples.ru/art/fashion/brands/ally_capellino/) . Peoples.ru. 2011-09-25 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Ally Capellino - Fashion Brand and Label - Profile with designers, editorials and more on FMD" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/brands/ally-capellino/) . Fashionmodeldirectory.com . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Ally Capellino – Day 4 - Style - How To Spend It" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140220005310/http://howtospendit.ft.com/style--3/40053-ally-capellino-day-4) . Howtospendit.ft.com. 2013-11-08. Archived from the original (http://howtospendit.ft.com/style--3/40053-ally-capellino-day-4) on 2014-02-20 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "An Introduction to the Ally Capellino Fashion Label" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210202054646/http://www.fashionreview.co.uk/ally-capellino-accessories/) . Fashion Review . 2011-12-11. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionreview.co.uk/ally-capellino-accessories/) on 2021-02-02 . Retrieved 7 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Ally Capellino's new shop" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150708041511/http://becauselondon.com/fashion/2015/06/ally-capellino/) . Because . becauselondon.com/. Archived from the original (http://becauselondon.com/fashion/2015/06/ally-capellino/) on 8 July 2015 . Retrieved 7 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Fashion Designer Ally Capellino comes to Herts" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104715/http://www.herts.ac.uk/about-us/news/2015/february/fashion-designer-ally-capellino-comes-to-herts.) . University of Hertfordshire . Archived from the original (http://www.herts.ac.uk/about-us/news/2015/february/fashion-designer-ally-capellino-comes-to-herts.) on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 7 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Whelan, Grace (2019-12-17). "Accessories brand Ally Capellino merges with investment group" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/accessories-brand-ally-capellino-merges-with-investment-group/7038856.article) . Drapers . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191218012535/https://www.drapersonline.com/news/accessories-brand-ally-capellino-merges-with-investment-group/7038856.article) from the original on 2019-12-18 . Retrieved 2020-03-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Thirty Years of Ally Capellino" (http://www.stylesalvage.blogspot.co.uk/2010/04/thirty-years-of-ally-capellino.html) . Style Salvage . 23 April 2010 . Retrieved 6 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Fashions Free Spirits" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8750474/Fashions-free-spirits.html) . Telegraph . Retrieved 6 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Norse Projects x Ally Capellino" (http://thestyleraconteur.com/2011/03/16/norse-projects-x-ally-capellino-fjell-rucksack/) . The Style Raconteur . 16 March 2011 . Retrieved 6 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The New Kids in Shoreditch" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224138/http://www.onfeature.com/the-new-kids-in-shoreditch-ace-hotel-london-shoreditch/) . On Feature . Archived from the original (http://www.onfeature.com/the-new-kids-in-shoreditch-ace-hotel-london-shoreditch/) on 3 March 2016 . Retrieved 6 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "In 2014 Ally Capellino collaborated with The Gourmand Collaborates with Ally Capellino" (http://www.fashioninsight.co.uk/news/the-gourmand-collaborates-with-ally-capellino/) . Fashion Insight . Retrieved 6 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Barbour x Ally Capellino" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/barbour-ally-capellino-collection-interview/) . High Snobiety . 3 March 2022 . Retrieved 14 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Ally Capellino at The Wapping Project | Dazed" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/7372/1/ally-capellino-at-the-wapping-project) . Dazeddigital.com. 22 April 2010 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Bums on Seats by Ally Capellino | News" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101929/http://www.disegnodaily.com/news/bums-on-seats-by-ally-capellino) . Disegno Daily. Archived from the original (http://disegnodaily.com/news/bums-on-seats-by-ally-capellino) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2014-02-01 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.allycapellino.co.uk/) Fashion Review profile (http://www.fashionreview.co.uk/ally-capellino-accessories/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210202054646/http://www.fashionreview.co.uk/ally-capellino-accessories/) 2021-02-02 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐cdbwv Cached time: 20240715072923 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.356 seconds Real time usage: 0.549 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2095/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 42914/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1258/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 82760/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.224/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6240773/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 450.965 1 -total 45.49% 205.166 1 Template:Reflist 36.47% 164.465 20 Template:Cite_web 28.23% 127.305 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.84% 116.539 1 Template:Infobox 17.52% 79.025 1 Template:Short_description 10.25% 46.223 2 Template:Pagetype 4.83% 21.791 8 Template:Main_other 4.08% 18.401 1 Template:SDcat 3.65% 16.464 1 Template:Official_website Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41780321-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715072923 and revision id 1171720868. 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Japanese shoe designer The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Toshinosuke Takegahara" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Toshinosuke+Takegahara%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Toshinosuke Takegahara is a Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_people) shoe designer. He has collaborated with English shoe manufacturers George Cox, Grenson, and Tricker’s. In 2004, his shoes were inducted into the Northampton Museum and Art Gallery (/wiki/Northampton_Museum_and_Art_Gallery) ’s permanent collection. [ citation needed ] He was last photographed in 2007 by Kishin Shinoyama (/wiki/Kishin_Shinoyama) . Biography [ edit ] In 1994 he established the dress shoe brand, Toshinosuke Takegahara. In 1996 he collaborated with George Cox. In 1998 he moved to England, and in 1999 he returned to Japan, re-established his “Toshinosuke Takegahara” brand. In 2000 he launched his flagship brand, foot the coacher and took charge at NUMBER (N)INE’s shoe branch. In 2001 he collaborated with French footwear brand Paraboot (/wiki/Paraboot) . In 2002 he renamed his Toshinosuke Takegahara brand as AUTHENTIC SHOE & Co. In 2003 he released Tricker's (/wiki/Tricker%27s) by Toshinosuke Takegahara. In September he established the GALLERY OF AUTHENTIC showroom. In 2004 his SETTA shoes were chosen Shoe of the Month by England’s Northampton Museum and Art Gallery, and the shoes later were added to the museum’s permanent collection. He displayed works at the Dr. Martens Exhibition in 2004. In 2006 he helped produce ladies’ shoes for SHOES and THINGS and ARTS & SCIENCE] with Sonya Park. In 2007 he operated a foot the coacher shop-in-shop at Shinjuku’s Isetan (/wiki/Isetan) . In 2009 AUTHENTIC SHOE & Co. opened its flagship shop, GALLERY OF AUTHENTIC. In 2010 his ladies’ shoe brand, BEAUTIFUL SHOES makes its debut. He worked on TAKAHIROMIYASHITATheSoloist shoes and announced ＜foot the coacher × NEW BALANCE＞ together with New Balance (/wiki/New_Balance) in 2010. In 2011 he was involved in design of Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) shoes. In 2012 he debuts a new brand, “SPECTUSSHOECO.” in Milano and Paris and announced collaboration sandals together with “Chaco.” In 2013 he debuted foot the coacher by Grenson in collaboration with the English shoe brand Grenson (/wiki/Grenson) . He worked on “HYKE” and “SOPH.” shoes the same year. In 2014 he debuted a new shoe brand “FOOTSTOCK ORIGINALS®” in Milano, Paris, and Tokyo. In 2015 he announced “MM4” modeled after the actor Marcello Mastroianni (/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni) from the Italian shoe brand “SUTORMANTELLASSI.” In 2016 he announced ＜MOUNTAIN RESEARCH × SPECTUSSHOECO.＞ together with “MOUNTAIN RESEARCH.” He worked on “UNDERCOVER” shoes the same year. In 2018 he announced ＜foot the coacher × inov8＞ together with the English trail running brand “inov8.” He worked on “ANREALAGE” shoes the same year. He announced ＜foot the coacher × STYLIST SHIBUTSU＞ together with “STYLIST SHIBUTSU” by the stylist, Koichiro Yamamoto the same year. See also [ edit ] Shoemaking (/wiki/Shoemaking) Culture of Japan (/wiki/Culture_of_Japan) External links [ edit ] GALLERY OF AUTHENTIC (https://web.archive.org/web/20110722104134/http://www.footthecoacher.jp/) FOOTSTOCK ORIGINALS (http://footstockoriginals.com/) Northampton Museum & Art Gallery is the home of the World Famous Shoe Collection | Northampton Borough Council (https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085444/http://www.northampton.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=135) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐qvg4f Cached time: 20240714224740 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.131 seconds Real time usage: 0.264 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 468/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14520/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1024/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1653/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.071/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2159158/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 239.069 1 -total 56.46% 134.983 1 Template:Short_description 34.46% 82.383 3 Template:Main_other 33.48% 80.032 1 Template:SDcat 32.98% 78.835 1 Template:Notability 29.90% 71.470 1 Template:Ambox 16.93% 40.475 2 Template:Pagetype 10.43% 24.933 1 Template:Cn 8.04% 19.232 1 Template:Fix 6.65% 15.898 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:30979257-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714224740 and revision id 1165174901. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toshinosuke_Takegahara&oldid=1165174901 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toshinosuke_Takegahara&oldid=1165174901) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe designers (/wiki/Category:Shoe_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with topics of unclear notability from February 2011 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability_from_February_2011) All articles with topics of unclear notability (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability) Biography articles with topics of unclear notability (/wiki/Category:Biography_articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from July 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2023) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2010) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2010" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Victoria%27s+Secret+Fashion+Show+2010%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( July 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Victoria's Secret Angels (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Angels) 2010 Victoria's Secrets 2010 Angels Campaign (left to right in each row) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) , Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) , Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) , Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) , Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) , Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) , and Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) . Also included for the brand Karolina Kurkova (/wiki/Karolina_Kurkova) & Lindsay Ellingson (/wiki/Lindsay_Ellingson) & Katsia Zingarevich (/w/index.php?title=Katsia_Zingarevich&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsia_Zingarevich) ] . The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) is an annual fashion show (/wiki/Fashion_show) sponsored by Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) , a brand of lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models (/wiki/Fashion_model) , such as current Victoria's Secret Angels (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Angel) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) , Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) , Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) , Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) , Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) , and Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) . Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) and Doutzen Kroes (/wiki/Doutzen_Kroes) both missed this year's show due to their pregnancies. The 15th fashion show featured some of the new Angels and also the returning Angels. There were special performances by Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) & Akon (/wiki/Akon) . Dates Locations Broadcaster Viewers (millions) Performers Previous Next November 10, 2010 (recorded); November 30, 2010 New York City CBS 10.45 Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) & Akon (/wiki/Akon) 2009 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2009) 2011 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2011) Fashion show segments [ edit ] Segment 1: Tough Love [ edit ] Artist Song Status Plan B (/wiki/Plan_B_(musician)) " Stay Too Long (/wiki/Stay_Too_Long) " Remixed Recording Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) • Outfit Originally for Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) British (/wiki/British_people) Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) 2010–2016 Newcomer • Outfit Originally for Abbey Lee Kershaw (/wiki/Abbey_Lee_Kershaw) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) 2000–2003 • 2005–2017 2 Angel (2004–2017) Poles (/wiki/Polish_people) Anja Rubik (/wiki/Anja_Rubik) 2009–2011 Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) W 2010 • 2012–2015 Newcomer • Outfit Originally for Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) Belarusian (/wiki/Belarusians) Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) 2008–2011 • 2013 British (/wiki/British_people) Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) W 2006–2010 4 Angel (2010–2011) German (/wiki/Germans) Julia Stegner (/wiki/Julia_Stegner) 2005–2011 Outfit Originally for Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) South African (/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Africa) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) 2007–2015 • 2017–2018 4 Angel (2010–2018) Special Performance [ edit ] Artist Song Status Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) " Firework (/wiki/Firework_(song)) " Live Performance Segment 2: Game On [ edit ] This segment was swapped in order of appearance with the third segment, Country Girls, in the edited TV version. Song Performer Status Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) " Bad Romance (/wiki/Bad_Romance) " Remixed Recording LL Cool J (/wiki/LL_Cool_J) " Mama Said Knock You Out (/wiki/Mama_Said_Knock_You_Out_(song)) " Remixed Recording Survivor (/wiki/Survivor_(band)) " Eye of the Tiger (/wiki/Eye_of_the_Tiger) " Remixed Recording Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes American (/wiki/Americans) Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) 2008–2013 4 Angel (2010–2012) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) W 2005–2016 Former 3 Angel (2005–2007) American (/wiki/Americans) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) 2009–2011 4 Angel (2010–2011) Czech (/wiki/Czechs) Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) 2000–2008 • 2010 Former 3 Angel (2005–2009) • Comeback Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) W 2010–2011 • 2013–2018 Newcomer Namibian (/wiki/Demographics_of_Namibia) Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) 2007–2015 • 2018 3 Angel (2010–2018) • P Spokesmodel (2008-2011) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_people) Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) W 2009–2012 • 2016–2018 American (/wiki/Americans) Shannan Click (/wiki/Shannan_Click) 2008–2011 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) 2003 • 2005 • 2007–2010 • 2012 • 2014 Segment 3: Country Girls [ edit ] This segment was swapped in order of appearance with the second segment, Game On, in the edited TV version. Artist Song Status Jewel (/wiki/Jewel_(singer)) " What You Are (/wiki/Sweet_and_Wild) " Recording Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes South African (/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Africa) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) 2007–2015 • 2017–2018 4 Angel (2010-2018) Lithuanian (/wiki/Lithuanians) Edita Vilkevičiūtė (/wiki/Edita_Vilkevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97) W 2008–2010 British (/wiki/British_people) Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) 2006–2010 4 Angel (2010–2011) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) 2000–2003 • 2005–2017 2 Angel (2004–2017) Americans (/wiki/Americans) Lindsay Ellingson (/wiki/Lindsay_Ellingson) W 2007–2014 Fitting Model Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) W 2009–2017 4 Angel (2010–2017) Canadian (/wiki/Canadians) Jessica Stam (/wiki/Jessica_Stam) W 2006–2007 • 2010 Comeback Belarusian (/wiki/Belarusians) Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) 2008–2011 • 2013 French (/wiki/French_people) Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) 2010–2015 Newcomers Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Gracie Carvalho (/wiki/Gracie_Carvalho) 2010 • 2015 Russian (/wiki/Russians) Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) W 2008 • 2010–2011 Comeback Segment 4: Heavenly Bodies [ edit ] Artist Song Status Akon (/wiki/Akon) " Angel (/wiki/Angel_(Akon_song)) " Live Performance Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes American (/wiki/Americans) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) W 2009–2011 4 Angel (2010–2011) Polish (/wiki/Polish_people) Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) 2010 • 2012–2015 Newcomers British (/wiki/British_people) Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) W 2010–2016 Polish (/wiki/Polish_people) Anja Rubik (/wiki/Anja_Rubik) W 2009–2011 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) 2005–2016 Former 3 Angel Belarusian (/wiki/Belarusians) Katsia Zingarevich (/w/index.php?title=Katsia_Zingarevich&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 Newcomers Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Martha Streck (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Streck&action=edit&redlink=1) Flávia de Oliveira (/wiki/Fl%C3%A1via_de_Oliveira) 2006–2008 • 2010–2011 Comeback Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) W 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) Wearing "Bombshell Fantasy Bra" (Value: $2,000,000) South African (/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Africa) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) WS 2007–2015 • 2017–2018 4 Angel (2010–2018) German (/wiki/Germans) Julia Stegner (/wiki/Julia_Stegner) 2005–2011 Segment 5: Wild Things [ edit ] Artist Song Status Thirty Seconds to Mars (/wiki/Thirty_Seconds_to_Mars) " Vox Populi (/wiki/Vox_Populi) " Recording Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) W 2000–2003 • 2005–2017 2 Angel (2004–2017) British (/wiki/British_people) Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) 2006–2010 4 Angel (2010-2011) American (/wiki/Americans) Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) W 2008–2013 4 Angel (2010–2013) Caymanian (/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Cayman_Islands) Selita Ebanks (/wiki/Selita_Ebanks) 2005–2010 Former 3 Angel (2005–2008) • Last Walk Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) W 2010–2011 • 2013–2018 Newcomer Emanuela de Paula (/wiki/Emanuela_de_Paula) 2008 • 2010–2011 Comeback Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) 2003 • 2005 • 2007–2010 • 2012 • 2014 Russian (/wiki/Russians) Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) 2008 • 2010–2011 Comeback Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_people) Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) 2009–2012 • 2016–2018 Swedish (/wiki/Swedes) Caroline Winberg (/wiki/Caroline_Winberg) 2005–2011 Czech (/wiki/Czechs) Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) W 2000–2003 • 2005-2008 • 2010 Former 3 Angel (2005–2009) • Comeback • Last Walk Segment 6: PINK [ edit ] Artist Song Status Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) " Teenage Dream (/wiki/Teenage_Dream_(Katy_Perry_song)) " • " Hot N Cold (/wiki/Hot_N_Cold) " • " California Gurls (/wiki/California_Gurls) " Live Performance • Medley Nationality Model Wings Runway Shows Notes Namibian (/wiki/Demographics_of_Namibia) Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) W 2007–2015 • 2018 3 Angel (2010–2018) • P Spokesmodel (2008-2011) Canadian (/wiki/Canadians) Jessica Stam (/wiki/Jessica_Stam) 2006–2007 • 2010 Comeback American (/wiki/Americans) Lindsay Ellingson (/wiki/Lindsay_Ellingson) 2007–2014 Fitting Model Lithuanian (/wiki/Lithuanians) Edita Vilkevičiūtė (/wiki/Edita_Vilkevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97) 2008–2010 American (/wiki/Americans) Shannan Click (/wiki/Shannan_Click) 2008–2011 French (/wiki/French_people) Héloïse Guérin (/wiki/H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse_Gu%C3%A9rin) 2010 Newcomers Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Fabiana Semprebom (/wiki/Fabiana_Semprebom) Belarusian (/wiki/Belarusians) Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) W 2008–2011 • 2013 Americans (/wiki/Americans) Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) 2010–2015 Newcomer Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) W 2009–2017 4 Angel (2010–2017) French (/wiki/French_people) Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) 2010–2015 Newcomer American (/wiki/Americans) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) W 2009–2011 4 Angel (2010–2011) Finale [ edit ] Artist Song Status Muse (/wiki/Muse_(band)) " Uprising (/wiki/Uprising_(song)) " Recording Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) and Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) led the finale. Name Runway shows Notes Name Runway shows Notes Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) 2006–2010 4 Angel Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) 2007–2015 • 2018 3 Angel Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) 2000–2003 • 2005–2017 Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) 2009–2017 4 Angel Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) 2007–2015 • 2017–2018 4 Angel Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) 2009–2011 Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) 2008–2013 Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) 2008–2011 • 2013 Karolina Kurkova (/wiki/Karolina_Kurkova) 2000–2008• 2010 Former 3 Angel Shannan Click (/wiki/Shannan_Click) 2008–2011 Selita Ebanks (/wiki/Selita_Ebanks) 2005–2010 Jessica Stam (/wiki/Jessica_Stam) 2006–2010 Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) 2005–2016 Lindsay Ellingson (/wiki/Lindsay_Ellingson) 2007–2014 Fitting Model Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) 2010–2011 • 2013–2018 Newcomer Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) 2010–2015 Newcomers Caroline Winberg (/wiki/Caroline_Winberg) 2005–2011 Katsia Zingarevich (/w/index.php?title=Katsia_Zingarevich&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) 2009–2012 • 2016–2018 Edita Vilkeviciute (/wiki/Edita_Vilkeviciute) 2008–2010 Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) 2008 • 2010–2011 Newcomer Heloise Guerin (/wiki/Heloise_Guerin) 2010 Newcomers Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) 2003 • 2005 • 2007–2010 • 2012 • 2014 Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) 2010–2015 Anja Rubik (/wiki/Anja_Rubik) 2009–2011 Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) Flavia de Oliveira (/wiki/Flavia_de_Oliveira) 2006–2008 • 2010–2011 Fabiana Semprebom (/wiki/Fabiana_Semprebom) 2010 Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) 2010–2016 Newcomer Emanuela de Paula (/wiki/Emanuela_de_Paula) 2008 • 2010–2011 Julia Stegner (/wiki/Julia_Stegner) 2005–2011 Gracie Carvalho (/wiki/Gracie_Carvalho) 2010 • 2015 Newcomer Index [ edit ] Symbol Meaning 2 2nd Generation Angels 3 3rd Generation Angels 4 4th Generation Angels P PINK Spokesmodel W Wings WS Wing Swapped External links [ edit ] VSFS 2010 Gallery (https://web.archive.org/web/20120831234753/http://vsholic.com/gallery/2010/) v t e Victoria's Secret Fashion Shows (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) 2001 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2001) 2002 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2002) 2003 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2003) 2005 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2005) 2006 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2006) 2007 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2007) 2008 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2008) 2009 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2009) 2010 2011 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2011) 2012 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2012) 2013 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2013) 2014 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2014) 2015 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2015) 2016 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2016) 2017 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2017) 2018 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2018) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐72rjc Cached time: 20240712173516 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.581 seconds Real time usage: 0.721 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 17343/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 117231/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 23929/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11038/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.171/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2487651/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 529.250 1 -total 57.45% 304.060 106 Template:Flagicon 15.12% 80.038 1 Template:More_citations_needed 14.92% 78.952 1 Template:Victoria's_Secret_Fashion_Shows 14.46% 76.520 1 Template:Navbox 12.42% 65.721 1 Template:Ambox 8.12% 42.977 106 Template:Flag_icon/core 5.96% 31.551 106 Template:Yesno-no 5.81% 30.735 1 Template:Multiple_image 4.02% 21.301 106 Template:Yesno Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39038711-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712173516 and revision id 1216005612. 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British menswear designer (born 1971) Robert Godley (born 7 July 1971 in Whitstable (/wiki/Whitstable) , Kent) is a British menswear designer. Life [ edit ] In 2009, Godley became engaged to actress Jane Krakowski (/wiki/Jane_Krakowski) . Their son, Bennett Robert Godley, was born on 13 April 2011 in New York City. The couple separated in 2013. He married Alexis Godley in 2017. [1] (#cite_note-1) As of 2018, he resides between New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) and Hampton Bays, New York (/wiki/Hampton_Bays,_New_York) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Godley is an avid fisherman and owns a 33-foot center console fishing boat he named "Ginger Ninja", a term of endearment he gave his son. He supported Big Brothers Big Sisters of Long Island (/wiki/Big_Brothers_Big_Sisters_of_America) philanthropically with a limited edition collection of Psycho Bunny t-shirts designed after Ginger Ninja. [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Godley spent nearly his entire adult life in fashion, working for David Evans & Co. Silk Printers ( London (/wiki/London) ), Mantero Silk Printers and Weavers ( Como, Italy (/wiki/Como,_Italy) ), and Drakes of London. Godley designed ties for gentleman's bespoke clothier Turnbull & Asser (/wiki/Turnbull_%26_Asser) in London from 1996 to 1997 and Drakes of London from 1997 to 2004 before moving to the United States from London to serve as Creative Director for Polo Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Polo_Ralph_Lauren) . [4] (#cite_note-gq-4) In 2005, Godley founded men's contemporary label Psycho Bunny (/wiki/Psycho_Bunny) with friend and business partner Robert Goldman. [4] (#cite_note-gq-4) Handmade from English silk, Psycho Bunny neckwear features everything from tiny spades to Donnie Darko-style rabbit skulls, the latter inspiring the label's name. Godley stated: "When I showed that tie to a buyer, she said, 'Look at the psycho bunny! The name stuck." [4] (#cite_note-gq-4) Since the initial launch of the Psycho Bunny neckwear collection, the brand has expanded into multiple categories including polo shirts and t-shirts, bottoms, cashmere scarves and socks, and most recently a golf collection. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Kane, Salam (2022-08-06). "Robert Godley Wife: Meet Alexis Godley (Wife) and Ex Jane Krakowski" (https://ghpluzz.com/robert-godley-wife-meet-alexis-godley-wife-and-ex-jane-krakowski/) . Ghpluzz.com . Retrieved 2022-10-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Hampton Bays Local Creates "Ginger Ninja" In Support Of Big Brothers Big Sisters Of Long Island | Lifestyle | Shopping" (http://www.hamptons.com/Lifestyle/Shopping/24898/Hampton-Bays-Local-Creates-Ginger-Ninja-In.html) . www.hamptons.com . Retrieved 2018-08-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "27east" (http://www.27east.com/mobile/article.cfm/Hampton-Bays/567489/Local-Fisherman-Launches-Limited-Edition-T-Shirt-To-Benefit-Big-Brothers-Big-Sisters-Of-Long-Island) . www.27east.com . Retrieved 2018-08-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "10 Essentials: Robert Godley" (https://www.gq.com/style/ten-essentials/201008/robert-godley-psycho-bunny-ten-essentials#slide=1) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved 2 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Palmieri, Jean E. (2017-07-31). "The Wild Rise of Psycho Bunny" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-sportswear/psycho-bunny-robert-godley-robert-goldman-polo-shirts-10952703/) . WWD . Retrieved 2018-08-29 . 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Plastic ski boots Rosemount Ski Boots Rosemount produced these Playboy-branded "Bunny Boots" in the early 1970s when Playboy operated several ski resorts. The large metal plate supporting the hinge and covering the opening in the side of the boot can be seen on the far boot. The near boot has the cover closed. The lower cable has slipped out of the notch that tries to keep it in place. The forward-lean control of the Fastback series can be seen at the back of the boot. Type Ski boot (/wiki/Ski_boot) Material plastic (/wiki/Plastic) Manufacturer Raichle (/w/index.php?title=Raichle&action=edit&redlink=1) Introduced 1965/66 Rosemount Ski Boots introduced one of the earliest all-plastic ski boots (/wiki/Ski_boot) for the downhill skiing (/wiki/Downhill_skiing) market, competing with Bob Lange (/wiki/Lange_Ski_Boots) for the title of "first". Rosemount's design was easily distinguished by its use of the uncommon "side-entry" method for putting the boot on, which was rare at the time and is no longer used. The boot was introduced by Rosemount Engineering, better known for their aerospace (/wiki/Aerospace) instrumentation. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) They referred to the boot division as either the Rosemount Consumer Products Division or Sports Technology. Rosemount sold the factory to Bass Sports in 1968, but the boots retained the Rosemount name throughout their production. Many variations of the design were introduced over the next four years, and Bass added ski bindings (/wiki/Ski_binding) and ski poles (/wiki/Ski_pole) as well. The rest of Rosemount became Rosemount Inc. (/wiki/Rosemount_Inc.) when they were purchased by Emerson (/wiki/Emerson_Electric_Company) in 1976. Bass Sports was in turn purchased by Raichle (/w/index.php?title=Raichle&action=edit&redlink=1) in 1972, who ended production of the Rosemount boot in favor of their own designs the next year. Ironically, one of the few other side-entry boot designs was the Raichle Fibre Jet (aka Red and Red Hot), another fiberglass design which was no longer in production. History [ edit ] Leather boots [ edit ] Downhill skiing evolved as a specialization of a previously generic skiing sport. Before the era of ski lifts (/wiki/Ski_lift) , skiing always involved cross-country (/wiki/Cross-country_skiing) portions, and the downhills tended to be short, slow, and had to be skied back up. Equipment during this era was designed for the cross-country portions. This normally consisted of a wooden ski, a leather winter boot, and a cable binding (/wiki/Cable_binding) to keep the two together. This combination of equipment was far from optimal for downhill skiing. During the downhill portions the skis are turned by rotating them onto their edges; in traditional cable bindings, the heel is free to lift from the ski to allow a striding motion, and the system offers little support for edging. The introduction of ski lifts, especially after World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , led to the specialization of downhill as a separate sport, and new equipment evolved to meet this market. One example was the "Kandahar" style cable bindings, which added small metal hooks near the heel. When the cable was passed under the clips it was locked in place and offered much better edging control. By the mid-1950s these were joined by a number of new binding systems that allowed the toe of the boot to release during fall. The style of skiing allowed by the new bindings demanded new boots that were much stiffer as well, and a number of designs that were boiled in oil or soaked in glue became common in the 1950s. They were initially so rigid to be extremely uncomfortable, but softened up after a break-in period. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) The comfortable period was quite short, as the breaking-in (or down) process would continue until it became too soft to offer good control. A typical pair might last a single season – or only weeks for racers. The leather was far from ideal in other ways as well; it would soak up water or snow and then freeze, making them very difficult to get on or off while also offering little warmth. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) Rosemount Engineering [ edit ] Rosemount ski boots, c. 1968. The boot on the left is open; it closes by pulling the flap across the front of the boot and locking small metal tabs into buckles. The buckles are visible on the closed boot, on the extreme right. The large metal hinges are not visible on either boot, it is under the fabric on the right, and behind the open flap on the left. A number of experiments with composite designs were carried out by a variety of inventors through the 1950s, but all faced what appeared to be a catch-22 (/wiki/Catch-22) ; a boot stiff enough side-to-side to offer good edge control was too stiff front-to-back to allow the natural flexing motion of the leg that occurs during turns or on bumps. Early examples using plastics or fibreglass invariably proved far too rigid to be skied. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) Frank Werner, president of Rosemount Engineering, had taken up skiing in the late 1950s when downhill was first becoming a major sport. He took it upon himself to develop a new boot that offered the perfect mix of sideways rigidity and forward flex, handing these twin demands to his engineering staff. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) They responded with a simple solution that is now universal; the boot is made of two separate pieces, a shoe covering the foot and heel, and a separate section that forms a cuff around the lower leg. The two pieces are joined together with a hinge near the ankle. Their design was unique in the details of its construction; in modern designs the upper and lower portions of the boot overlap in front of the ankle, in the Rosemount design the two were entirely separate and held together with large stainless steel plates. The forward flex was entirely unconstrained, as the two halves did not rub over each other. As long as the hinge was mechanically strong enough, it would provide unlimited lateral stiffness. Rosemount's chosen material was fiberglass reinforced epoxy (/wiki/Fiberglass) . [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) This was mechanically strong, lightweight, weatherproof, and could be easily formed into any required shape. It was strong enough that the metal hinges could be riveted directly to it. However, fibreglass thick enough to bear these loads would be essentially rigid, and could not be opened or closed by conventional means – splitting it along the top of the boot and pulling it closed with laces. This was a concern, as a fibreglass cuff that fit the lower leg tightly enough for control would not allow the larger sections of the foot and heel to pass through it when putting it on. Rosemount's solution was to build the boot in two halves, one covering the majority of the foot and leg, and a smaller section that hinged along the footbed, rotating out to the side. To put the boot on, the moving section was rotated out, allowing the skier's foot to be inserted through the opened side of the boot. The moving section was then rotated up, back into place, and held there by two buckles, one on the foot and one on the leg cuff. The seam was then sealed from the snow with an elastic material that was stretched over the front of the boot. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) Forward flex was controlled by three neoprene bands connected to the cuff through a strap running up the back of the boot. The bands were located under the removable sole liner, and could be replaced to change the stiffness. For comfort and fit, the boot was customized by inserting a series of small leather pads in a variety of sizes. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoodall1968160-2) The pillows contained one or more plastic bags filled with tiny plastic beads. The bags could be hand-moulded into the required shape, and natural movement of the foot would keep them in the approximate shape needed for comfort. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) Initial setup was time consuming, and presented a problem in the ski shops. [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFry200685-3) Rosemount's first production run of 900 prototype boots was sent to the ski shops in 1965/66. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStewart1965-1) By this point, Bob Lange had already shipped a number of boots made of "Royalite" ABS plastic; these were not very successful, but do they pre-date the Rosemount examples as the earliest plastic boots. [4] (#cite_note-4) Improvements [ edit ] The boot design quickly proved to have a number of problems. The most serious was that seam between the two halves of the boot could not be easily sealed, and water and snow could be forced into the boots through the hinge or the seam where the two halves met in front or behind it. This led to a modification for the 1966/67 season, moving the hinge from the bottom of the foot to the back of the leg, allowing the moving flap to rotate back instead of to the side. The buckles and fabric flap were combined into one system, a larger piece of fabric that wrapped the entire front of the boot and buckled closed at the back of the boot. Two cables, one each at the top and bottom of the flap, fit into grooves on the front of the boot to keep the flap from sliding around. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoodall1968160-2) A separate piece of elastic fabric was added at the top of the leg cuff, sealing it around the leg and preventing snow from entering on the top. Separate pieces of neoprene (/wiki/Neoprene) could be inserted between the cuff and foot in order to adjust the forward flex pattern of the boot, and the hinges could be adjusted to modify the "cant", the lateral angle between the foot and leg. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoodall1968160-2) However, even the small amount of flexing that did occur in the shell allowed the joint along the side of the foot to open slightly. The section of the joint along the bottom of the boot, just above the ski where the hinge used to be, was not covered by the fabric flap. A clip was supposed to keep this closed, but was considered to be useless. During turns, snow could be jammed up against the joint and would melt inside the boot; wet feet were a common problem. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoodall1968161-5) Bass Sports [ edit ] By 1968, the company had sold their factory to the G. H. Bass shoe company in Maine. Its original owner, George Henry Bass, had been producing conventional leather boots since the 1940s. Now run by his son, Robert "Bunny" Bass, an avid skier and one of the founders of the Sugarloaf (/wiki/Sugarloaf_(ski_resort)) ski resort in Maine. Bass kept the Rosemount brand and continued to improve the design. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMasia200513-6) A further modification followed for the 1969 season, enlarging the metal hinge on the medial side (inside) until it covered most of that side of the boot. [7] (#cite_note-7) The larger plate was designed to clip into a metal flange running along the side of the boot just below the opening. Closing the boot was a two-step operation, the flap was swung closed and then the metal plate was pushed downward until it clipped into the flange. Judging by contemporary reports, this appears to have solved the leakage problem. Another change, on some models, was the introduction of a separate adjustment for the natural forward lean of the boot. In earlier models this was set through shoe laces on the front of the cuff, in the new "Fastback" models, a screw jack on the back of the boot allowed lean adjustment at any time. Other products [ edit ] Bass Sports also introduced a number of other products under the Rosemount name. These included a series of fibreglass ski poles, [8] (#cite_note-8) which were relatively new at the time, and a new ski binding (/wiki/Ski_binding) design. Ski bindings evolved from the cable binding (/wiki/Cable_binding) system of the 1950s, which looped around behind the boot and over the back of the sole. Many boots of the 1950s and 60s included a semi-circular indentation in the sole to provide a better fit for the cable. Early releasing bindings were designed to fit into this groove or over the sole, like a cable, often using a metal roller about the same size as the cable, the Look Nevada (/wiki/Look_Nevada) 's "Gran Prix" release heel being a typical example. When plastic boots were introduced, they too provided similar sole extensions for mounting the bindings. However, as there was no standardization of boot sole shapes, designing a binding that worked with any boot was difficult. Worse, on leather boots the mounting point would change as the leather wore down, or even due to flexing during the day. One solution to this problem was to use small metal fittings screwed into the boot, to provide a known and unchanging mounting point for the bindings. Solutions like these were features of some of the first so-called safety bindings, the Miller and Cubco, [9] (#cite_note-9) while popular "plate binding" designs of the 1970s used metal plates that extended along the entire sole of the boot. [10] (#cite_note-10) The bindings clipped onto these plates instead of the boot proper, providing a much more reliable release. Rosemount's solution was something of a blending of these designs. The hard sole of the boot served as the plate, with small metal clips moulded into the toe and heel flanges to provide an attachment point for their bindings. The attachment points were customized for their own SE-1 toe and SE-2 heel, but their position left the flanges free to be used with any conventional binding of the era, even cables. Mechanically, the SE-1 and SE-2 looked and operated like the contemporary designs from Cubco and Gertsch. Advertising for the bindings appeared in 1970, [11] (#cite_note-11) and Rosemount boots featured the metal clips that year. However, later designs from 1972 lack the clips and no further advertising can be found. Along with the bindings, the Rosemount LOTORK system was introduced in 1970. This consisted of a metal plate that was affixed with adhesive to the top of the ski under the foot. The plate had bearings inside that allowed it to rotate to the sides. It had been found that friction between the ski and ski boot was much higher than imagined, enough to prevent the toe piece from releasing under certain conditions. The LOTORK was a solution to this, allowing easy rotation under any conditions. [12] (#cite_note-12) Similar products from other companies typically used teflon pads in place of the rotating mechanism. End of the Line [ edit ] In 1968 Bass purchased Rosemount, it picked up distribution rights to some European brands, including Hexcel skis, Raichle boots, Splitkein cross country skis, and a skiwear line. The ski-related companies were organized as Bass Sports, or Sports Technology, separate from the shoe company. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 1972 Raichle set up its own North American distribution company, Raichle-Molitor USA, under the leadership of Heinz Herzog. At that time, "Bunny" Bass retired and was succeeded by sales manager Butch Wieden. The Rosemount brand was retired, too. [14] (#cite_note-14) See also [ edit ] Rosemount Inc. (/wiki/Rosemount_Inc.) References [ edit ] Citations ^ a b c d e f g h i Stewart 1965 (#CITEREFStewart1965) . ^ a b c Woodall 1968 (#CITEREFWoodall1968) , p. 160. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFry200685_3-0) Fry 2006 (#CITEREFFry2006) , p. 85. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Bob Lange" (https://www.skihall.com/index.php?_a=document&doc_id=11&id=185) , U.S. Ski and Snowboard Hall of Fame ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoodall1968161_5-0) Woodall 1968 (#CITEREFWoodall1968) , p. 161. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMasia200513_6-0) Masia 2005 (#CITEREFMasia2005) , p. 13. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Rosemount, The Great Boot… Run After Run After Run" (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bookemdano/632832632/in/set-72157600503051352/lightbox/) , SKI , November 1969 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Rosemount Fiberglass Ski Poles" (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bookemdano/632767860/in/set-72157600503051352/lightbox/) , SKI , November 1970, advertisement p. 156 ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Release! History of Safety Bindings | International Skiing History Association" (https://www.skiinghistory.org/history/release-history-safety-bindings) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Skiing Heritage Journal" (https://books.google.com/books?id=x1gEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22plate+binding%22&pg=PA39) . March 2003. ^ (#cite_ref-11) The perfect binding?" (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bookemdano/631899907/in/set-72157600503051352/lightbox/) , SKI , November 1970, advertisement ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Rosemount LOTORK sole plate" (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bookemdano/632767248/in/set-72157600503051352/lightbox/) , SKI , November 1970, advertisement p. 150 ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Skiing Heritage Journal" (https://books.google.com/books?id=b1gEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA13) . March 2005. ^ (#cite_ref-14) Ski Boots for Wide Calves (https://outdoorfilming.com/best-ski-boots-for-wide-calves/) Bibliography Fry, John (2006). The Story of Modern Skiing . University Press of New England. Masia, Seth (March 2005). "Bunny Down East, Jean Takes Up Soccer" (https://books.google.com/books?id=b1gEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA13) . Skiing Heritage Journal . p. 13. Stewart, Paul (15 November 1965). "A Revolutionary New Ski Boot Has A Streamlined Shell Of Rigid Fiber Glass" (http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1077886/index.htm) . Sports Illustrated . Woodall, Woody (November 1968). "Plastic Boots – Are They For You?". Skiing . pp. 122–124, 160–161. External links [ edit ] Images of Rosemount advertisements (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bookemdano/sets/72157600503051352/) , retrieved on July 18, 2009 Rosemount Sidedoor Boots (http://www.rockymountaingearguide.com/whoknew/040410-2.htm) Greg Morrill, "Leather ski boots: I spotted two pairs on the mountain" (http://www.stowetoday.com/stowe_reporter/columnist/article_fd069378-24b2-11e0-8abb-001cc4c002e0.html) , Stowe Reporter , 20 January 2011 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐84b8f9dfd6‐rwfls Cached time: 20240717193711 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.344 seconds Real time usage: 0.424 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1527/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17274/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2074/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 29641/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.213/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5702617/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 372.740 1 -total 35.11% 130.851 1 Template:Reflist 30.36% 113.176 3 Template:Cite_web 23.09% 86.079 1 Template:Short_description 18.41% 68.619 15 Template:Sfn 12.97% 48.326 2 Template:Pagetype 12.55% 46.796 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_type 11.92% 44.416 1 Template:Infobox 6.96% 25.948 18 Template:Main_other 5.54% 20.654 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34460519-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717193711 and revision id 1177933393. 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Perfume brand Le Labo Company type Subsidiary Industry Consumer goods (/wiki/Final_good) Founded 2006 ; 18 years ago ( 2006 ) (New York City, U.S.) Founders Eddie Roschi Fabrice Penot Headquarters New York City, U.S. Key people Deborah Royer (Global Brand President & Creative Director) Products Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) (2014–present) Website https://www.lelabofragrances.com (https://www.lelabofragrances.com) Le Labo ( French (/wiki/French_language) : "the lab") [1] (#cite_note-1) is a slow perfumery (/wiki/Perfumery) brand born in Grasse, France, based in New York City and owned by Estée Lauder (/wiki/The_Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] Le Labo was founded in 2006 in New York City by two friends. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Le Labo was purchased by Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) in 2014. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) The brand is now overseen by Deborah Royer, who serves as both the Global Brand President and Creative Director. [10] (#cite_note-10) The acquisition has contributed to overall growth in the fragrance category, as Esteé Lauder report increased net sales from Le Labo "reflecting growth from new and certain existing products, as well as targeted expanded consumer reach." [11] (#cite_note-11) Le Labo became B Corp certified in 2022. [12] (#cite_note-12) Products [ edit ] Le Labo fragrances are named after the principal scent note and the total number of ingredients combined to make them. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2010, Le Labo was commissioned by Another Magazine (/wiki/AnOther_Magazine) [14] (#cite_note-14) to work on an exclusive scent, resulting in ANOTHER 13. [15] (#cite_note-15) Le Labo City Exclusives Collection pays tribute to cities all around the world. Each fragrance is dedicated to a different city. [16] (#cite_note-16) Locations [ edit ] The first boutique [17] (#cite_note-17) opened on 233 Elizabeth Street (/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)) in New York's Nolita (/wiki/Nolita) neighborhood. [18] (#cite_note-:0-18) The brand has standalone boutiques and counters in department stores (/wiki/Department_store) in over 40 markets including the USA, Mexico, UK, Germany, France, Belgium, Hong Kong, Middle East, [19] (#cite_note-19) Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, China, [20] (#cite_note-20) South Korea, [21] (#cite_note-21) Thailand, and Australia. [22] (#cite_note-22) In popular culture [ edit ] In Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) 's 2016 visual album Lemonade (/wiki/Lemonade_(Beyonc%C3%A9_album)) , the singer was depicted burning two Le Labo Santal 26 candles during the sequence for "Sandcastles". [23] (#cite_note-23) In the movie Red, White & Royal Blue , the character Alex wears Le Labo Santal 33 (/wiki/Santal_33) . [24] (#cite_note-24) See also [ edit ] Diptyque (/wiki/Diptyque) Byredo (/wiki/Byredo) List of perfumes (/wiki/List_of_perfumes) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Google Translate" (https://translate.google.com/#fr/en/le+labo) . translate.google.com . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gurfein, Laura (October 15, 2014). "Powerhouse Estée Lauder Acquires Fragrance Brand Le Labo" (https://ny.racked.com/2014/10/15/7572949/le-labo-estee-lauder) . Racked. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Born, Pete (October 15, 2014). "Estée Lauder Cos. Inks Deal for Le Labo" (https://wwd.com/business-news/financial/lauder-inks-deal-for-le-labo-7982556/) . WWD. ^ (#cite_ref-4) manrepeller.com Leandra Medine, Finding Yourself in Scent (http://www.manrepeller.com/2014/05/finding-yourself-in-scent.html) May 29, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-5) "ABOUT US | Le Labo Fragrances" (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/about-us.html) . www.lelabofragrances.com . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Osman Ahmed, Perfumer Speaks on Rare LVMH Acquisition (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/beauty/as-lvmh-acquires-maison-francis-kurkdjian-perfumer-speaks) businessoffashion.com, March 20, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Robert Klara, How Le Labo Took the Fragrance Industry by Storm, After Starting With Nothing (http://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/how-le-labo-took-fragrance-industry-storm-after-starting-nothing-173015/) adweek.com August 22, 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Trefis Team, Estée Lauder Increasing Focus On Its Fragrance Business With Another High End Brand Acquisition (https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2016/02/29/estee-lauder-increasing-focus-on-its-fragrance-business-with-another-high-end-brand-acquisition/) Forbes (/wiki/Forbes_magazine) , February 29, 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Adrianne Pasquarelli, Estee Lauder buys Nolita-based fragrance brand: Le Labo becomes latest addition to the beauty powerhouse's $11 billion stable of brands, including Clinique, MAC, and Bumble and bumble. (http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20141015/RETAIL_APPAREL/141019927/estee-lauder-buys-nolita-based-fragrance-brand) Crain's New York (/wiki/Crain%27s_New_York) October 15, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-10) "The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. to Acquire Le Labo" (https://www.elcompanies.com/en/news-and-media/newsroom/press-releases/2020/01-30-2020) . www.elcompanies.com . Retrieved May 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Commission file number 1-14064" (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1001250/000110465918053494/a18-14745_110k.htm) . www.sec.gov . Retrieved May 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Le Labo Holding LLC - Certified B Corporation - B Lab Global" (https://www.bcorporation.net/en-us/find-a-b-corp/company/le-labo-holding-l-l-c) . www.bcorporation.net . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Ott, Simone. "Le Labo - Revolutionizing Perfume" (https://www.thebrander.com/en/lifestyle/le-labo) . www.thebrander.com . Retrieved May 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "AnOther 13, Cédric Rivrain" (https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/660/another-13-cedric-rivrain) . AnOther . November 26, 2010 . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "ANOTHER 13 | Le Labo Fragrances" (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/another-13-463.html?size=50ml) . www.lelabofragrances.com . Retrieved May 7, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Pirovic, Jasmine (August 1, 2023). "Le Labo welcomes the return of its City Exclusives this September" (https://www.russh.com/le-labo-city-exclusives-2023/) . RUSSH . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Los Angeles Boutiques | Le Labo Fragrances" (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/los-angeles-boutiques.html) . www.lelabofragrances.com . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_18-0) About Us (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/about-us.html) lelabofragrances.com ^ (#cite_ref-19) https://www.lelabofragrances.com/about-us.html#labs (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/about-us.html#labs) ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Le Labo Opens First Mainland China Store in Shanghai" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/le-labo-opens-first-china-142657083.html) . Yahoo Life . May 30, 2023 . Retrieved May 24, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Boutiques | Le Labo Fragrances" (https://www.lelabofragrances.com/store-locator.html) . www.lelabofragrances.com . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Labo to open Melbourne store (http://www.harpersbazaar.com.au/news/beauty-insider/2017/2/le-labo-melbourne-store/Le) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , February 23, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-23) Brennan Kilbane, Beyoncé <3s Le Labo (https://intothegloss.com/2016/04/beyonces-favorite-candle/) intothegloss.com 2016/04 ^ (#cite_ref-24) In (https://www.gq.com/story/red-white-royal-blue-le-labo-santal-33) Red, White & Royal Blue , a Whiff of Le Labo Is Enough to Spark Fireworks (https://www.gq.com/story/red-white-royal-blue-le-labo-santal-33) GQ, Tyler Chin, August 16, 2023 External links [ edit ] Website (https://lelabofragrances.com) v t e The Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/The_Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) Lauder family Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(businesswoman)) Founder Joseph Lauder (/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Lauder&action=edit&redlink=1) Founder William P. Lauder (/wiki/William_P._Lauder) Executive Chairman Leonard Lauder (/wiki/Leonard_Lauder) Chairman Emeritus Aerin Lauder (/wiki/Aerin_Lauder) Creative Director Jane Lauder (/wiki/Jane_Lauder) Global President People Fabrizio Freda (/wiki/Fabrizio_Freda) President and CEO Brands AERIN (/w/index.php?title=AERIN&action=edit&redlink=1) Bobbi Brown (/wiki/Bobbi_Brown) By kilian (/wiki/By_kilian) Clinique (/wiki/Clinique) Darphin (/w/index.php?title=Darphin&action=edit&redlink=1) Dr. Jart+ (/wiki/Dr._Jart%2B) Estée Lauder (brand) (/w/index.php?title=Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) Editions de Parfums Frédéric Malle (/w/index.php?title=Editions_de_Parfums_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Malle&action=edit&redlink=1) GoodSkin Labs (/w/index.php?title=GoodSkin_Labs&action=edit&redlink=1) GLAMGLOW (/w/index.php?title=GLAMGLOW&action=edit&redlink=1) Jo Malone London (/wiki/Jo_Malone_London) La Mer (/wiki/La_Mer_(cosmetics)) LAB Series (/w/index.php?title=LAB_Series&action=edit&redlink=1) MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) Origins (/wiki/Origins_(cosmetics)) Osiao (/w/index.php?title=Osiao&action=edit&redlink=1) Prescriptives (/w/index.php?title=Prescriptives&action=edit&redlink=1) Smashbox (/w/index.php?title=Smashbox&action=edit&redlink=1) Too Faced (/w/index.php?title=Too_Faced&action=edit&redlink=1) Fragrance Aramis (/wiki/Aramis_(fragrance)) Coach (/wiki/Coach,_Inc.) DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) Donna Karan (/w/index.php?title=Donna_Karan_(fragrance)&action=edit&redlink=1) Kiton (/wiki/Kiton) Marni (/wiki/Marni_(clothing)) Michael Kors (/w/index.php?title=Michael_Kors_(fragrance)&action=edit&redlink=1) Le Labo RODIN olio lusso (/w/index.php?title=RODIN_olio_lusso&action=edit&redlink=1) Tom Ford (/w/index.php?title=Tom_Ford_(fragrance)&action=edit&redlink=1) Tommy Hilfiger (/w/index.php?title=Tommy_Hilfiger_(fragrance)&action=edit&redlink=1) Tory Burch (/w/index.php?title=Tory_Burch_(fragrance)&action=edit&redlink=1) Zegna (/wiki/Zegna) Haircare Aveda (/wiki/Aveda) Bumble and bumble (/wiki/Bumble_and_bumble) Ojon (/w/index.php?title=Ojon&action=edit&redlink=1) Categories Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Category:Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) Lauder family (/wiki/Category:Lauder_family) v t e Perfumes (/wiki/Perfume) Overview History (/wiki/History_of_perfume) List of perfumes (/wiki/List_of_perfumes) Types Solid perfume (/wiki/Solid_perfume) Eau de Cologne (/wiki/Eau_de_Cologne) Eau de toilette (/wiki/Eau_de_toilette) Essential oils (/wiki/List_of_essential_oils) Pomander (/wiki/Pomander) Chypre (/wiki/Chypre) Fougère (/wiki/Foug%C3%A8re) Ingredients (/wiki/Category:Perfume_ingredients) Plant sources (/wiki/Perfume#Plant_sources) including Herbal distillates (/wiki/Herbal_distillate) Animal sources (/wiki/Perfume#Animal_sources) Synthetic (/wiki/Aroma_compound) Science Aromachology (/wiki/Aromachology) Fragrance wheel (/wiki/Fragrance_wheel) Fragrance extraction (/wiki/Fragrance_extraction) Note (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) Scentography (/wiki/Scentography) Professions Perfumer (/wiki/Perfumer) Organizations Fragrance Museum (/wiki/Fragrance_Museum) Fragrances of the World (/wiki/Fragrances_of_the_World) International Fragrance Association (/wiki/International_Fragrance_Association) Musée du Parfum (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Parfum) Osmothèque (/wiki/Osmoth%C3%A8que) Research Institute of Fragrance Materials (/wiki/Research_Institute_of_Fragrance_Materials) Théâtre-Musée des Capucines (/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre-Mus%C3%A9e_des_Capucines) The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) ISIPCA (/wiki/ISIPCA) Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) People Ernest Beaux (/wiki/Ernest_Beaux) Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) François Coty (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Coty) Ernest Daltroff (/wiki/Ernest_Daltroff) Michael Edwards (/wiki/Michael_Edwards_(fragrance_expert)) Johann Maria Farina (/wiki/Johann_Maria_Farina) Jacques Guerlain (/wiki/Jacques_Guerlain) Adolph Goetting (/wiki/Adolph_Goetting) David H. 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Waist purse in Lithuania Minor folk costumes Not to be confused with The Delmonas (/wiki/The_Delmonas) . Traditional costume of Lithuania Minor with delmonas Delmonas (or Dalmonas, plural delmonai) – is a detail of folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) of women originated in Lithuania Minor (/wiki/Lithuania_Minor) . It is an elaborately decorated purse, visibly attached to the waist by a band. This costume feature represents the Prussian Lithuanians (/wiki/Prussian_Lithuanians) and is not common to other ethnographic regions of Lithuania. In 2019 Delmonai of Lithuania Minor were inscribed into The Intangible Cultural Heritage (/wiki/Intangible_Cultural_Heritage) Inventory of Lithuania (/wiki/Lithuania) as a form of folk art (/wiki/Folk_art) , traditional craftsmanship or agricultural activities. [1] (#cite_note-1) Traditional appearance [ edit ] Delmonas was usually sewn from velvet (/wiki/Velvet) , wool (/wiki/Wool) , silk (/wiki/Silk) or cotton (/wiki/Cotton) . Traditionally the color of fabric was dark, and delmonas was embroided using colorful threads and glass beads. Embroidery usually depicted flowers or other plants, birds, and sometimes the initials of the owner. [2] (#cite_note-2) Also some meaningful quotes, dates or initials, sometimes figurines could be embroided on a rectangle, rounded, flare, wavy bottom, trapezium, multiangular or other shape pocket. Delmonai were usually embroided by the women of Lithuania Minor (/wiki/Lithuania_Minor) themselves; however, they could also order delmonai from a tailor as well. [3] (#cite_note-3) Usage and history [ edit ] Worn at the end of the 18th century – beginning of the 20th century – when region was a part of the Kingdom of Prussia (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia) – delmonai served a certain practical function. Women could store small items while doing house chores or use it as a pocket going outside. This practical feature was not hidden at first – dalmonai was the most decorated item of the costume. However, during various political turmoil women of Lithuania Minor (/wiki/Lithuania_Minor) started to wear dalmonai secretly. They would be hidden under the skirt and used to hide money, documents or letters, especially for women who were willing or forced to leave their homeland. Many of such women would pass delmonai to younger generations, who would then donate them for various museums of Lithuania. [4] (#cite_note-4) Women of Klaipėda (/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da) city reportedly continued to wear delmonai up to 1940s. [5] (#cite_note-5) The popularity of delmonai was restored in the revival of folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) in 1960s and 1970s. Being used as a sign of Lithuania Minor identity, delmonai are also used as a modern accessory, continuing the uninterrupted production in Klaipėda region (/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da_region) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Gallery [ edit ] Examples of folk costumes from Lithuania Minor. Dalmonas is shown as a part of woman's costume 19th Century Prussian Lithuanians with national costumes 2015 Lithuanian postage stamp, commemorating the traditional embroidery of delmonas Sources [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Delmonai of Lithuania Minor" (https://savadas.lnkc.lt/en/elements/element-list/delmonai-of-lithuania-minor/) . savadas.lnkc.lt . Lithuanian National Culture Centre . Retrieved May 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jurkuvienė T., 2008, Lietuvių tautinis kostiumas ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Delmonai of Lithuania Minor" (https://savadas.lnkc.lt/en/elements/element-list/delmonai-of-lithuania-minor/) . savadas.lnkc.lt . Lithuanian National Culture Centre . Retrieved May 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Delmonai of Lithuania Minor" (https://savadas.lnkc.lt/en/elements/element-list/delmonai-of-lithuania-minor/) . savadas.lnkc.lt . Lithuanian National Culture Centre . Retrieved May 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Marija Miliuvienė. "Delmonas" (https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/delmonas/) . www.vle.lt . Science and Encyclopaedia Publishing Institute ( Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia (/wiki/Universal_Lithuanian_Encyclopedia) ) . Retrieved May 4, 2023 . , ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Delmonai of Lithuania Minor" (https://savadas.lnkc.lt/en/elements/element-list/delmonai-of-lithuania-minor/) . savadas.lnkc.lt . Lithuanian National Culture Centre . Retrieved May 4, 2023 . 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Production of cotton (/wiki/Cotton) requires a large amount of water, and also produces wastewater (/wiki/Wastewater) . Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Clothing_and_the_environment) on Clothing and the environment Environmental impact of fashion show Key issues Cotton industry (/wiki/Cotton_industry) Ecological footprint (/wiki/Ecological_footprint) Fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) Fur trade (/wiki/Fur_trade) Global trade of secondhand clothing (/wiki/Global_trade_of_secondhand_clothing) Impact investing (/wiki/Impact_investing) Microplastics (/wiki/Microplastics) Textile performance (/wiki/Textile_performance) show By type Cashmere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool#Criticism_of_industry) Fur farming (/wiki/Environmental_impacts_of_fur_farming) Leather (/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_leather) show Sustainability Anti-fashion (/wiki/Anti-fashion) Biodegradable athletic footwear (/wiki/Biodegradable_athletic_footwear) Circular fashion (/wiki/Circular_fashion) Clothing swap (/wiki/Clothing_swap) Cotton recycling (/wiki/Cotton_recycling) Environmental design (/wiki/Environmental_design) Environmental impact design (/wiki/Environmental_impact_design) Green textile (/wiki/Green_textile) Public interest design (/wiki/Public_interest_design) Organic cotton (/wiki/Organic_cotton) Reconstructed clothing (/wiki/Reconstructed_clothing) Slow fashion (/wiki/Slow_fashion) Socially responsible investing (/wiki/Socially_responsible_investing) Sustainable (/wiki/Sustainability) Advertising (/wiki/Sustainable_advertising) Design (/wiki/Sustainable_design) Fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) Industries (/wiki/Sustainable_industries) Market (/wiki/Sustainable_market) Procurement (/wiki/Sustainable_procurement) Transport (/wiki/Sustainable_transport) Textile recycling (/wiki/Textile_recycling) Sustainability of vintage fashion (/wiki/Environmental_sustainability_of_vintage_fashion) Trashion (/wiki/Trashion) Zero-waste fashion (/wiki/Zero-waste_fashion) show Related Business ethics (/wiki/Business_ethics) Green marketing (/wiki/Green_marketing) RiverBlue (/wiki/RiverBlue) The True Cost (/wiki/The_True_Cost) Environmental record of Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.#Environmental_record) Ecological design (/wiki/Ecological_design) Laundry wastewater (/wiki/Laundry_wastewater) Vintage clothing (/wiki/Vintage_clothing) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Environment portal (/wiki/Portal:Environment) v t e The fashion industry (/wiki/Fashion_industry) , particularly manufacture and use of apparel (/wiki/Apparel) and footwear (/wiki/Footwear) , is a significant driver of greenhouse gas emissions (/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions) and plastic pollution (/wiki/Plastic_pollution) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The rapid growth of fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) has led to around 80 billion items of clothing being consumed annually, with about 85% of clothes consumed in United States being sent to landfill (/wiki/Landfill) . [2] (#cite_note-:62-2) Less than one percent of clothing is recycled (/wiki/Recycled) to make new clothes. [3] (#cite_note-:632-3) The industry was estimated to produce 10% of all greenhouse gas emissions in 2020, which was larger than the emissions produced by international flights and maritime shipping combined. According to a 2017 report from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (/wiki/Ellen_MacArthur_Foundation) , if the fashion sector persists on its same trajectory, its share of global carbon emissions could increase to 26% by 2050. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) The production and distribution of the crops, fibers, and garments used in fashion (/wiki/Fashion) all contribute to differing forms of environmental pollution (/wiki/Environmental_pollution) , including water, air, and soil degradation (/wiki/Soil_degradation) . [ citation needed ] The textile industry (/wiki/Textile_industry) is the second greatest polluter of local freshwater in the world, [7] (#cite_note-FI_1-7) and is culpable for roughly one-fifth of all industrial water pollution (/wiki/Water_pollution) . [8] (#cite_note-8) Some of the main factors that contribute to this industrial caused pollution are the vast overproduction (/wiki/Overproduction) of fashion items, [ citation needed ] the use of synthetic fibers (/wiki/Synthetic_fibers) , the agriculture pollution (/wiki/Agriculture_pollution) of fashion crops, [9] (#cite_note-9) and the proliferation of microfibers (/wiki/Microfiber) across global water sources. [3] (#cite_note-:632-3) Efforts have been made by some retailers and consumers to promote sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) practices, such as reducing waste, improving energy and water efficiency, and using primarily eco-friendly materials. Counter movements, such as slow fashion, have also developed as a response to the growth of fast fashion. [ citation needed ] Fast fashion [ edit ] Main article: Fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) Fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) is defined as "an approach to the design, creation, and marketing of clothing fashions that emphasizes making fashion trends quickly and cheaply available to consumers." [10] (#cite_note-:1-10) While traditional fashion processes usually take about 6 months to design, manufacture, and market products, fast fashion completes these processes in several weeks, allowing the quickly changing demands of consumers to be met. [11] (#cite_note-11) The amount of new garments (/wiki/Clothing) bought by Americans has tripled since the 1960s. Globalization (/wiki/Globalization) has encouraged the rapid growth of the fast fashion industry. Global retail sales of apparel in 2019 reached 1.9 trillion U.S dollars, a new high – this number is expected to double to three trillion U.S. dollars by the year 2030. The world consumes more than 80 billion items of clothing annually. [12] (#cite_note-:2-12) Fast fashion is also referred to as “disposable fashion”, as trend cycles change so quickly that many consumers will only wear their items once or twice before disposing of them. Clothing is also often made with poor quality materials, dismissed by the inexpensive price point. This leads the clothing to tear, pop seams, or wear through faster than a sustainable fashion item. [13] (#cite_note-13) Production and disposal of waste [ edit ] One concern with fast fashion is the clothes waste it produces. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency) , [14] (#cite_note-14) 15.1 million tons of textile clothing waste was produced in 2013 alone. [15] (#cite_note-15) In the United States, 64.5% of textile waste is discarded in landfills, 19.3% is incinerated with energy recovery, only 16.2% is recycled. [16] (#cite_note-16) When textile clothing ends up in landfills (/wiki/Landfill) , chemicals on the clothes such as the dye can leech into the ground and cause environmental damage. When unsold clothing is burned (/wiki/Incineration) , [17] (#cite_note-DC_1-17) it releases CO₂ (/wiki/Carbon_Dioxide) into the atmosphere. According to a report from the World Bank Group, the fashion industry is responsible for 10% of yearly global carbon emissions. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2019, France announced that it was making an effort to prevent companies from this practice of burning unsold fashion items. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Fashion is produced at such high and fast rates, that more than 40% of fashion goods are sold at a markdown. [21] (#cite_note-21) The packaging of clothing also contributes to the waste produced by the fashion industry. As online shopping, both for clothing and for other items, has become common, the amount of waste produced has totaled about 75 million tons in the United States alone. Many packaging materials are also non-recyclable. [22] (#cite_note-22) As the popularity of fast fashion has increased, this has led to the rise of ultra-fast fashion. [23] (#cite_note-23) Ultra-fast fashion is similar to fast fashion, however the speed of production and trend cycles are sped up. The clothing is made of even worse quality than typical fast fashion items, and it is encouraged to be worn only a couple of times before disposing of it. Many of the companies with a high social media presence, such as Shein (/wiki/Shein) , Fashion Nova (/wiki/Fashion_Nova) , and PrettyLittleThing (/wiki/PrettyLittleThing) , promote ultra-fast fashion. [24] (#cite_note-24) Slow fashion [ edit ] Main article: Slow fashion (/wiki/Slow_fashion) Slow fashion is a movement that seeks to oppose fast fashion, focusing on the production and sale of sustainable clothing created with eco-friendly materials. The movement encourages purchasing clothing from local sources as opposed to large brands, as these locally-made pieces are often of a higher quality and will last longer than factory-made clothing, and will reduce pollution caused by the disposal of clothes. [25] (#cite_note-25) The slow fashion movement also challenges the ethical issues of fast fashion, such as the underpaying and overworking of factory workers, who often come from low-income countries. [26] (#cite_note-:64-26) Materials [ edit ] The majority of fashion's environmental impact comes from its raw materials (/wiki/Raw_material) . [27] (#cite_note-:3-27) Synthetic materials [ edit ] Synthetic materials (/wiki/Synthetic_fiber) in clothing require an estimated 342 million barrels of oil per year. [27] (#cite_note-:3-27) Polyester (/wiki/Polyester) was one of the most popular fibers used in fashion in 2017, found in about 60% of garments in retail stores and equalling about 21.3 million tons of polyester fiber. [28] (#cite_note-:042-28) There was a 157% increase of polyester clothing consumption from 2000 to 2015. [28] (#cite_note-:042-28) Washing polyester clothing leads to shedding of microplastics (/wiki/Microplastics) which enter water systems, including oceans. [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) Cotton [ edit ] 1913 image of cotton production in the United States (/wiki/Cotton_production_in_the_United_States) . Cotton (/wiki/Cotton) is the most common crop in the world aside from food. [31] (#cite_note-:72-31) Cotton production uses 2.5% of the world's farmland. [27] (#cite_note-:3-27) Half of all textiles produced are made of the fiber. [31] (#cite_note-:72-31) Cotton is a water-intensive crop, requiring 3644 cubic meters of water to grow one ton of fiber, or 347 gallons per pound. [32] (#cite_note-:822-32) Growing cotton requires 25% of insecticides (/wiki/Insecticide) and 10-16% of pesticides (/wiki/Pesticide) of what is used globally every year. [33] (#cite_note-:42-33) [32] (#cite_note-:822-32) Half of the top pesticides used in growing cotton in the US are deemed likely to be carcinogenic by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. [32] (#cite_note-:822-32) Cotton production degrades the quality of the soil, leading to exhausted fields and expansion into new areas. [31] (#cite_note-:72-31) Expansion into new areas leads to the destruction of local habitats and the associated pollution affects biodiversity. [31] (#cite_note-:72-31) Animal fibers and textiles [ edit ] Animal-based fibers such as wool and leather were responsible for 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions) in 2005. [34] (#cite_note-34) Cattle have digestive systems that use a process known as foregut fermentation (/wiki/Foregut_fermentation) , which creates the greenhouse gas (/wiki/Greenhouse_gas) methane as a byproduct. In addition to the CH 4 released from the ruminants (/wiki/Ruminant) , CO 2 and N 2 O are released into the atmosphere as byproducts of raising the animals. In total, 44% of emissions caused by livestock are from enteric fermentation, 41% comes from the feed needed to raise the livestock, 10% comes from manure, and 5% comes from energy consumption. [35] (#cite_note-35) Fiber MJ of energy/kg of textile liters of water/kg of textile nylon 250 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) --- acrylic 175 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) --- polyester 125 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) 50,690-71,409 [37] (#cite_note-:12-37) polypropylene 115 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) --- viscose 100 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) 3,000 [37] (#cite_note-:12-37) wool 63 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) 500 [38] (#cite_note-38) cotton 55 [36] (#cite_note-:0-36) 10,000-20,000 [39] (#cite_note-:63-39) Energy use here is measured in megajoules needed to produce one kilogram of the given textile. Water use here is measured in liters of water needed to produce one kilogram of the given textile. Water [ edit ] Improperly disposing of clothing can harm the environment, especially through wastewater (/wiki/Wastewater) . Chemicals from decomposing clothing can leach into the air and into the ground, affecting both groundwater and surface water. Aside from plastic pollution (/wiki/Plastic_pollution) , textiles also contributes significantly to marine pollution. Unlike plastic, textile pollution's impact on marine life occurs in its various supply chain processes. [40] (#cite_note-40) Pollutants like pesticides and clothing manufacturing chemicals cling to particles that accumulate in the waters ecosystem and consequently enter into human food chains. [41] (#cite_note-ellenmacarthurfoundation.org32-41) Microfiber pollution [ edit ] Plastic and synthetic textile are both created from a chemical structure called polymer (/wiki/Polymer) . The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines polymer as “a chemical compound or mixture of compounds formed by polymerization and consisting essentially of repeating structural units.” For plastic, the common polymer found is PET (/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate) , polyethylene (/wiki/Polyethylene) (PE), or polypropylene (/wiki/Polypropylene) (PP), whereas for textile, the polymer found the most abundant in the collection of waste is polyester (/wiki/Polyester) and nylon (/wiki/Nylon) textiles. [42] (#cite_note-42) Textiles shed microfibers (/wiki/Microfiber) at every stage of their life cycle, from production, to use, to end of life disposal. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) These fibers end up in the soil, air, lakes, and oceans. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) Microfiber pollution (/wiki/Microplastics) has existed as long as the textile industry has, but only recently has it come under public scrutiny. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) The Ocean Wise Conservation Association produced a study discussing the textile waste. For polyester, it stated that on average, humans shed around 20 to 800 mg micro polyester waste for every kg textile washed. A smaller amount for nylon is found; for every kg of fabrics washed, around 11 to 63 mg of nylon microfiber waste are shed into bodies of water. [44] (#cite_note-44) Washing synthetic textiles releases microplastics (/wiki/Microplastics) and microfibers into the oceans. [45] (#cite_note-:102-45) This type of waste is most commonly found from washing machine cycles, where fibers of clothes fall loose during the tumbling process. [45] (#cite_note-:102-45) An individual domestic load of laundry can shed up to 700,000 microfibers. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) The Association also released a study stating that on average, households in the United States and Canada produce around 135 grams of microfibers, which is equivalent to 22 kilotons of microfibers released to the wastewater annually. These wastewater will go through various waste water treatment plants, however, around 878 tons of those 22 kilotons were left untreated and hence, thrown into the ocean. [46] (#cite_note-46) Textiles are the main source of microfibers in the environment. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) Thirty five percent of the microplastics that are found in marine ecosystems, such as shorelines, are from synthetic microfibers and nanofibers. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) Such microfibers affect marine life in that fish or other species in the marine ecosystems consume them, which end up in the intestine and harm the animals. [47] (#cite_note-:0222-47) Microfibers have been found in the digestive tracts of widely consumed fish and shellfish. [43] (#cite_note-:633-43) These fish are then consumed by humans, which leads to the absorption of micro pollutants in the fish in a process called biomagnification (/wiki/Biomagnification) . [48] (#cite_note-:32-48) Predators of the affected marine species are also harmed, as they ingest the microfibers previously ingested by their prey. The yearly shellfish consumption of microplastics was found to be 11,000 pieces, and microfibers were found in eighty three percent of fish caught in one lake in Brazil. [47] (#cite_note-:0222-47) In one study, the food consumption rates decreased in crabs who were eating food with plastic microfibers, which further lead to the available energy for growth to also decrease. [49] (#cite_note-49) [50] (#cite_note-:032-50) Techniques to address the environmental impacts of the fashion industry include a marine algal bioabsorbent, which could be used for dye removal through rich algal surface chemistry through heteroatom containing functional groups. [51] (#cite_note-:52-51) Many techniques or potential solutions are difficult in their implementation, for instance the accuracy of marine sediment techniques to detect microplastics is not sufficiently tested among different soil samples or sources. [ citation needed ] Eutrophication [ edit ] Eutrophication in a water source Clothing often contains non-organic, excessively farmed cotton (/wiki/Cotton) which is grown with chemicals that are known to cause eutrophication (/wiki/Eutrophication) . Eutrophication is a process in which fresh water sources such as lakes and rivers become overly enriched with nutrients. This causes a dense growth of plant life that is harmful to the ecosystem, such as algae blooms. Algal blooms deplete levels of oxygen in water as they decompose, resulting in changes to the ecosystem, either through the die-off of aquatic creatures or populations moving as water becomes uninhabitable. Algal blooms can also make bodies of water unsuitable for both human consumption and recreation. [52] (#cite_note-52) Two of the main ingredients in pesticides are nitrates and phosphates, and when pesticides leak into stream systems surrounding the cropland via runoff, the nitrates and phosphates contribute to water eutrophication (/wiki/Eutrophication) . Water use [ edit ] The fashion industry consumes a large amount of water to produce fabrics and manufacture garments every year. The global fashion industry uses 93 billion cubic meters of water per year, or 20 trillion gallons. [53] (#cite_note-:634-53) [54] (#cite_note-:922-54) This is four percent of all freshwater withdrawal globally. [55] (#cite_note-ellenmacarthurfoundation.org33-55) This amount is set to double by 2030 if it follows the current trend. [56] (#cite_note-56) According to the United Nations Environment Programme (/wiki/United_Nations_Environment_Programme) , the fashion industry is responsible for 20 percent of global wastewater. [57] (#cite_note-57) Manufacturing a single pair of Levi (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) jeans, will on average, consume about 3,781 liters of water. [58] (#cite_note-58) On average, producing one kilogram of textiles requires 200 liters of water. [32] (#cite_note-:822-32) Sustainability efforts [ edit ] Further information: Sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) British women in World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) cutting salvaged clothes and rags for recycling. The consumer use phase in the life cycle of clothing and other textiles is a significant area of impact, yet is often overlooked. [59] (#cite_note-:112-59) While there is minimal research into energy efficient washers and dryers as a method of reducing impact on the consumer side, [59] (#cite_note-:112-59) wearing garments for 9 months longer could cut overall waste by 22% and water use by 33%. [60] (#cite_note-:923-60) On the producer side, choosing to make garments in popular colors and designs that consumers are more likely to buy is both a financially and environmentally responsible choice. [59] (#cite_note-:112-59) Designing clothing that is more likely to be purchased can reduce waste on the production side. In 2018 the fashion retailer H&M (/wiki/H%26M) ended up with $4.3 billion of unsold merchandise. [60] (#cite_note-:923-60) Other retailers, such as Patagonia (/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc.) , have made efforts to create more sustainable clothing by using eco-friendly materials, such as organically-farmed cotton and polyester made from recycled plastic bottles. [61] (#cite_note-61) [62] (#cite_note-62) In order to extend the life cycle of garments and slow rates of production and overconsumption, business models such as 'clothing libraries' have been considered. These businesses collect pieces both from local shops and companies, and allow customers, who pay for a monthly subscription, to borrow clothes for a certain period of time. Business startups such as these have been tested in the Netherlands and Sweden, but there are concerns that clothing libraries will have little to no effect on reducing the effects of fast fashion. [63] (#cite_note-63) See also [ edit ] Circular fashion (/wiki/Circular_fashion) Digital Product Passport (/wiki/Digital_Product_Passport) Environmental sustainability of vintage fashion (/wiki/Environmental_sustainability_of_vintage_fashion) Greenhouse gas emissions by sector (/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions#Emissions_by_sector) Textile recycling (/wiki/Textile_recycling) Trashion (/wiki/Trashion) Zero-waste fashion (/wiki/Zero-waste_fashion) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "PLEASE Stop Saying Fashion is the 2nd Most Polluting Industry After Oil" (https://ecocult.com/now-know-fashion-5th-polluting-industry-equal-livestock/) . Ecocult . 2017-05-09 . Retrieved 2018-12-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-:62_2-0) Bick, Rachel; Halsey, Erika; Ekenga, Christine C. (December 2018). "The global environmental injustice of fast fashion" (https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-018-0433-7) . 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ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1470-5001 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1470-5001) . ^ Jump up to: a b Bailey, Kerrice; Basu, Aman; Sharma, Sapna (January 2022). "The Environmental Impacts of Fast Fashion on Water Quality: A Systematic Review" (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fw14071073) . Water . 14 (7): 1073. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3390/w14071073 (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fw14071073) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2073-4441 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2073-4441) . ^ (#cite_ref-61) Caniato, Federico; Caridi, Maria; Crippa, Luca; Moretto, Antonella (February 2012). "Environmental sustainability in fashion supply chains: An exploratory case based research" (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925527311002659?via%3Dihub) . International Journal of Production Economics . 135 (2): 659–670. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.06.001 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijpe.2011.06.001) . Retrieved 22 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-62) "Putting the brakes on fast fashion" (https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/putting-brakes-fast-fashion) . UNEP . 12 November 2018 . Retrieved 22 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-63) Zamani, Bahareh; Sandin, Gustav; Peters, Greg M. (20 September 2017). "Life cycle assessment of clothing libraries: can collaborative consumption reduce the environmental impact of fast fashion?" (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652617312982?via%3Dihub) . Journal of Cleaner Production . 162 : 1368–1375. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.128 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jclepro.2017.06.128) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 1959.4/unsworks_60169 (https://hdl.handle.net/1959.4%2Funsworks_60169) . Retrieved 17 October 2023 . Further reading [ edit ] Ross, Robert J. S. (2004). Slaves to Fashion: Poverty and Abuse in the New Sweatshops . University of Michigan Press. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3998/mpub.15439 (https://doi.org/10.3998%2Fmpub.15439) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-472-10941-8 . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 10.3998/mpub.15439 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3998/mpub.15439) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 155579591 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155579591) . Project MUSE (/wiki/Project_Muse) book 7116 (https://muse.jhu.edu/book/7116) . Hassanzadeh, Sanaz; Hasani, Hossein (2017). "A Review on Milkweed Fiber Properties as a High-Potential Raw Material in Textile Applications". Journal of Industrial Textiles . 46 (6): 1412–1436. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/1528083715620398 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1528083715620398) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 137942362 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:137942362) . Debnath, Sanjoy (2015). "Great Potential of Stinging Nettle for Sustainable Textile and Fashion". Handbook of Sustainable Luxury Textiles and Fashion . Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes. pp. 43–57. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1007/978-981-287-633-1_3 (https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-981-287-633-1_3) . 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Palestinian fashion designer (born 1976) Rami Kashou Born ( 1976-05-11 ) May 11, 1976 (age 48) Jerusalem (/wiki/Jerusalem) , West Bank (/wiki/West_Bank) Occupation Fashion designer Known for Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) Website ramikashou (https://ramikashou.com/) .com (https://ramikashou.com/) Rami Kashou (born May 11, 1976 in Jerusalem (/wiki/Jerusalem) , West Bank (/wiki/West_Bank) [1] (#cite_note-ramikashouabout-1) ) is a Palestinian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) and a finalist in season 4 (/wiki/Project_Runway_(season_4)) of the reality show (/wiki/Reality_show) Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) (2007). He returned to the franchise in the first season of Project Runway: All Stars (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars) (2012), placing 8th, and placed 4th Project Runway 's 20th season (/wiki/Project_Runway_(season_20)) (2023), which was produced following an All Stars format. He describes his aesthetic as timeless, [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) romantic, and inspired by freedom. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) In 1996, Kashout moved to the United States after graduated high school, enrolling at Brooks College (/wiki/Brooks_College) . Though he dropped out of his design program, he worked selling retail and consignment, which led to a work trip after which he bought two sewing machines and studied patterning by visiting local vintage stores for the next three years. In the early 2000s, Kashou featured his work in Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) , America’s Next Top Model (/wiki/America%E2%80%99s_Next_Top_Model) ad campaign, and Home Shopping Network (/wiki/Home_Shopping_Network) , and he received the GenArt (/wiki/GenArt) Alumni sponsorship and was commissioned by Queen Rania (/wiki/Queen_Rania) of Jordan (/wiki/Jordan) to design clothing for her appearances. Kashout returned to the West Bank in 2016 to showcase his designs, gather inspiration from the Arab world, and mentor local designers in a sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) challenge sponsored by the Qattan Foundation (/wiki/A._M._Qattan_Foundation) . Biography [ edit ] Kashou was born May 11, 1976, in Jerusalem (/wiki/Jerusalem) , and raised in the nearby city of Ramallah (/wiki/Ramallah) . [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) As a 5 year old, he showed an interest in helping his grandmother pick out dresses. [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) While as a child he initially hid his fashion sketches, [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) his parents supported his passion of design. His father, a businessman, encouraged him to build his own career, [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) and his mother shared his designs with her friends [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) and brought him to the local seamstress. [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) Kashou describes his inspiration as: "The dreams to become a designer came from the lack of childhood space, growing up among jeeps, soldiers, intimidation, violence and occupation. I think the subconscious choice of creativity and design kind of happened as a way of coping with a difficult reality which I lived and endured." [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) In 1996, [8] (#cite_note-:3-8) shortly after graduating high school, Kashou moved to the United States (/wiki/United_States) and settled in California (/wiki/California) . In 1997, he enrolled in design courses at Brooks College (/wiki/Brooks_College) but eventually dropped out. [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) In his early 20s, he worked in retail and sold consignment, including several tops picked by Aaliyah (/wiki/Aaliyah) 's stylist and worn by the singer. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) After a work trip to Europe, Kashou bought two sewing machines and began studying patterning from the local vintage stores. [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) Career [ edit ] Kashou incorporates music into his creative process, leaning towards dramatic and emotional songs and pieces that incorporate his heritage. [9] (#cite_note-9) He has spoken of the challenges fast fashion creates both towards individual designers and the devaluation and disposability of clothing, and designers that inspire him include Iris Van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_Van_Herpen) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , and Madame Gres (/wiki/Gr%C3%A8s) . [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) Throughout the 2000s and early 2010s, Kashou displayed his work in fashion weeks, ad campaigns, and TV shopping networks. In the early 2000s, Kashou showcased his fashion design work in numerous seasons at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) . He also received the GenArt (/wiki/GenArt) Alumni sponsorship and featured his collection in the tents of Bryant Park (/wiki/Bryant_Park) in Spring 2003. [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) In March 2005, Kashou was commissioned to design costumes for the America’s Next Top Model (/wiki/America%E2%80%99s_Next_Top_Model) ad campaign, displayed on billboards nationwide. [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) Kashou made guest appearances multiple times on the Home Shopping Network (/wiki/Home_Shopping_Network) , featuring exclusive designs for the show "Curations" that sold out on-air. Queen Rania (/wiki/Queen_Rania) of Jordan (/wiki/Jordan) commissioned Kashou to create exclusive designs for her public appearances. [10] (#cite_note-lifetimebio-10) Kashou's designs have appeared in the pages of The New York Times Magazine (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine) and Women’s Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%E2%80%99s_Wear_Daily) , [1] (#cite_note-ramikashouabout-1) as well as Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Interview (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) , Lucky (/wiki/Lucky_(magazine)) , People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) , and Us Weekly (/wiki/Us_Weekly) . [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) He has designed for a number of celebrities, including: Jessica Alba (/wiki/Jessica_Alba) , Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) , Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) , Amy Smart (/wiki/Amy_Smart) , Erykah Badu (/wiki/Erykah_Badu) , Lucy Liu (/wiki/Lucy_Liu) , Tracee Ellis Ross (/wiki/Tracee_Ellis_Ross) , Lindsay Lohan (/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan) , Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) , Penelope Cruz (/wiki/Penelope_Cruz) , and Shiva Rose (/wiki/Shiva_Rose) , [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) as well as Dita Von Teese (/wiki/Dita_Von_Teese) , Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) , and Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) . [1] (#cite_note-ramikashouabout-1) He has also designed for Keri Hilson (/wiki/Keri_Hilson) and Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) . [10] (#cite_note-lifetimebio-10) In 2016, Kashou returned to Palestine to develop and market his brand to the Arab world and study the local market. [8] (#cite_note-:3-8) Some of his projects have involved cross-stitched hand embroidery by Palestinian women. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) In his hometown, he mentored a group of designers for a month long challenge to create "a series of green and environmentally friendly designs from recycled materials," finishing in a fashion show with a cash prize for one designer provided by the Qattan Foundation (/wiki/A._M._Qattan_Foundation) , "an organization serving education and culture in Palestine and the Arab world." [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) Filmography [ edit ] In 2007 Kashou appeared on the fourth season of Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) and finished in 2nd place. [4] (#cite_note-bravobio-4) In 2012 Kashou participated in the first season of Project Runway: All Stars (/wiki/Project_Runway:_All_Stars) and finished in 8th place. [10] (#cite_note-lifetimebio-10) The same year, he collaborated with stationery company Papyrus (/wiki/Papyrus_(company)) to design paper dresses exhibited in the chain's stores. [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) Once again appearing on Project Runway during its 20th season (2023), Kashou cited inspiration from the concept of freedom of movement in contrast to his life living under military occupation. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "About" (https://ramikashou.com/pages/about) . Rami Kashou . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Ziss, Sophy (11 July 2023). "Project Runway All Stars' Rami Kashou on His Iconic Designs, Dressing Literal Royalty & More" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1379474/project-runway-all-stars-rami-kashou-on-his-iconic-designs-dressing-literal-royalty-more) . E! Online . Retrieved 21 January 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Hadadi, Roxana (8 September 2023). "Rami Kashoú Won't Be Limited by Project Runway's Tastes" (https://www.vulture.com/article/project-runway-rami-kasho-season-20-interview.html) . Vulture . Retrieved 21 January 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Bravo (November 2007). " (https://web.archive.org/web/20081216063736/http://www.bravotv.com/Project_Runway/season/4/bios/index.php?cat=designer&p=rami) Project Runway Official Biography" (https://web.archive.org/web/20081216063736/http://www.bravotv.com/Project_Runway/season/4/bios/index.php?cat=designer&p=rami) . Bravo (/wiki/Bravo_(US_TV_channel)) . Archived from the original (http://www.bravotv.com/Project_Runway/season/4/bios/index.php?cat=designer&p=rami) on 16 December 2008. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Rami Kashou | Fashion designer | Brooklyn | New York" (https://theselfied.com/rami-kashou-fashion-designer/) . The Selfied Interviews | Selfies | Selfie | Art | Fashion | Identity | Design . 11 October 2017 . Retrieved 21 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Halterman, Jim (13 February 2012). "Rami Kashou Talks Elimination, Dating and... More "Project Runway?" (https://www.logotv.com/news/rlw2bw/rami-kashou-talks-elimination-dating-and-more-project-runway) " (https://www.logotv.com/news/rlw2bw/rami-kashou-talks-elimination-dating-and-more-project-runway) . www.logotv.com . Retrieved 21 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Nanania, Ray (4 February 2021). "Arab-American entrepreneurs share the secrets of their success" (https://arab.news/b8d6y) . Arab News . Retrieved 21 January 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Yaish, Shatha (2 August 2016). "Palestinian-American designer to the rich and famous pops up in W. Bank" (https://www.timesofisrael.com/palestinian-american-designer-to-the-rich-and-famous-pops-up-in-w-bank/) . Times of Israel (/wiki/Times_of_Israel) . Retrieved 21 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Sole, Jeremy (13 December 2008). "Rami Kashou | Guest DJ Project" (https://www.kcrw.com/music/shows/guest-dj-project/rami-kashou) . KCRW . Retrieved 21 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Rami Kashou" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131231043253/http://www.mylifetime.com/shows/project-runway-all-stars/season-1/designers/rami-kashou) . MyLifetime.com . Archived from the original (http://www.mylifetime.com/shows/project-runway-all-stars/season-1/designers/rami-kashou) on 31 December 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Hadadi, Roxana (27 November 2023). "How 'Project Runway' and 'Ramy' Depict Palestinian Life" (https://www.vulture.com/article/palestinian-life-american-tv-ramy-project-runway-rami-kashou.html) . Vulture . Retrieved 21 January 2024 . 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Type of headwear A woman's motoring hood fitted with spectacles (/wiki/Spectacles) from the year 1905. A motoring hood or driving hood was a women's fashion (/wiki/Fashion) in the early 20th century whose purpose was to protect the wearer from dirt and dust (/wiki/Dust) while driving or riding in an automobile (/wiki/Automobile) . [1] (#cite_note-1) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Julie Wosk (2003). Women and the Machine . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0801873134 . v t e Historical clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings Body-length (/wiki/Suit) Abolla (/wiki/Abolla) Banyan (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Court dress (Empire of Japan) (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_Empire_of_Japan) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) Paenula (/wiki/Paenula) Peplos (/wiki/Peplos) Stola (/wiki/Stola) Toga (/wiki/Toga) Tunic (/wiki/Tunic) Xout lao (/wiki/Xout_lao) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Peascod belly (/wiki/Peascod_belly) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Suea pat (/wiki/Suea_pat) Trousers (/wiki/Trousers) Braccae (/wiki/Braccae) Breeches (/wiki/Breeches) Sompot Chong Kben (/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben) Culottes (/wiki/Culottes) Harem (/wiki/Harem_pants) Knickerbockers (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) Pedal pushers (/wiki/Pedal_pushers) Saragüells (/w/index.php?title=Sarag%C3%BCells&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ca (https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarag%C3%BCells) ] Skirts (/wiki/Skirt) Hobble (/wiki/Hobble_skirt) Poodle (/wiki/Poodle_skirt) Safeguard (/wiki/Safeguard_(costume)) Sompot (/wiki/Sompot) Sinh (/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)) Train (/wiki/Train_(clothing)) Dresses (/wiki/Dress) Bliaut (/wiki/Bliaut) Close-bodied gown (/wiki/Close-bodied_gown) Debutante (/wiki/Debutante_dress) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Kirtle (/wiki/Kirtle) Mantua (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) Polonaise (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) Robe de cour (/wiki/Robe_de_cour) Sack-back gown (/wiki/Sack-back_gown) Sailor (/wiki/Sailor_dress) Tea gown (/wiki/Tea_gown) Zaju chuishao fu (/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu) Outerwear (/wiki/List_of_outerwear) Capote (/wiki/Capote_(garment)) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Cardinal cloak (/wiki/Cardinal_cloak) Chamail (/wiki/Chamail_(clothing)) Chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) Cloak (/wiki/Cloak) Kinsale cloak (/wiki/Kinsale_cloak) Dolman (/wiki/Dolman) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Duster (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) Exomis (/wiki/Exomis) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) Himation (/wiki/Himation) Houppelande (/wiki/Houppelande) Inverness cape (/wiki/Inverness_cape) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin) Kandys (/wiki/Kandys) Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Nadiri (/wiki/Nadiri) Norfolk jacket (/wiki/Norfolk_jacket) Overfrock (/wiki/Over-frock_coat) Pañuelo (/wiki/Pa%C3%B1uelo) Palla (/wiki/Palla_(garment)) Pallium (/wiki/Pallium_(Roman_cloak)) Pelisse (/wiki/Pelisse) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Shadbelly (/wiki/Shadbelly) Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) Galway shawl (/wiki/Galway_shawl) Kullu (/wiki/Kullu_shawl) Smock-frock (/wiki/Smock-frock) Spencer (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Surcoat (/wiki/Surcoat) Surtout (/wiki/Surtout) Ulster coat (/wiki/Ulster_coat) Visite (/wiki/Visite) Witzchoura (/wiki/Witzchoura) Underwear (/wiki/Undergarment) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chausses (/wiki/Chausses) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Dickey (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Open drawers (/wiki/Open_drawers) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Ba tầm (/wiki/Ba_t%E1%BA%A7m) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Blessed hat (/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fillet (/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gable hood (/wiki/Gable_hood) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Llawt'u (/wiki/Llawt%27u) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Matron's badge (/wiki/Matron%27s_badge) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Monmouth (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Mooskappe (/wiki/Mooskappe) Motoring hood Mounteere (/wiki/Mounteere_Cap) Nemes (/wiki/Nemes) Nightcap (/wiki/Nightcap_(garment)) Ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) Pahlavi (/wiki/Pahlavi_hat) Petasos (/wiki/Petasos) Phrygian (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Pileus (/wiki/Pileus_(hat)) Printer's (/wiki/Printer%27s_hat) Pudding (/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap) Qeleshe (/wiki/Qeleshe) Qing (/wiki/Qing_official_headwear) Salakot (/wiki/Salakot) Snood (/wiki/Snood_(headgear)) Smoking (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Tainia (/wiki/Tainia_(costume)) Taranga (/wiki/Taranga_(clothing)) Welsh Wig (/wiki/Welsh_Wig) Wimple (/wiki/Wimple) Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Buskins (/wiki/Buskin) Calcei (/wiki/Calcei) Caligae (/wiki/Caligae) Carbatina (/wiki/Carbatina) Chinese styles (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Chopines (/wiki/Chopine) Duckbills (/wiki/Duckbill_shoe) Episcopal sandals (/wiki/Episcopal_sandals) Hessian (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Manchu platform shoes (/wiki/Manchu_platform_shoes) Pampooties (/wiki/Pampootie) Pattens (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) Pigaches (/wiki/Pigache) Poulaines (/wiki/Poulaine) Socci (/wiki/Socci) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Turnshoes (/wiki/Turnshoe) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) Belt hook (/wiki/Belt_hook) Cointoise (/wiki/Cointoise) Cravat (early) (/wiki/Cravat_(early)) Hairpin (/wiki/Hairpin) Hatpin (/wiki/Hatpin) Jabot (/wiki/Jabot_(neckwear)) Lavallière (/wiki/Pussy_bow) Muff (/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)) Oes (/wiki/Oes) Partlet (/wiki/Partlet) Perfumed gloves (/wiki/Perfumed_gloves) Ruff (/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Visard (/wiki/Visard) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Motoring_hood&action=edit) . v t e This article about the history of clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Overview of the events of 2002 in red carpet fashion List of years in red carpet fashion … (/wiki/Category:Years_in_red_carpet_fashion) 1992 (/w/index.php?title=1992_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1993 (/w/index.php?title=1993_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1994 (/w/index.php?title=1994_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1995 (/w/index.php?title=1995_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1996 (/w/index.php?title=1996_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1997 (/w/index.php?title=1997_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1998 (/w/index.php?title=1998_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1999 (/w/index.php?title=1999_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2000 (/wiki/2000_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2001 (/wiki/2001_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2002 2003 (/w/index.php?title=2003_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2004 (/w/index.php?title=2004_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 (/w/index.php?title=2005_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2006 (/w/index.php?title=2006_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2007 (/wiki/2007_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2008 (/wiki/2008_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2009 (/wiki/2009_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2010 (/w/index.php?title=2010_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 (/w/index.php?title=2011_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 (/w/index.php?title=2012_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) … (/wiki/Category:Years_in_red_carpet_fashion) Art (/wiki/2002_in_art) Archaeology (/wiki/2002_in_archaeology) Architecture (/wiki/2002_in_architecture) Literature (/wiki/2002_in_literature) Music (/wiki/2002_in_music) Philosophy (/wiki/2002_in_philosophy) Science (/wiki/2002_in_science) +... (/wiki/Category:2002) Red carpet fashion in 2002 saw January's Golden Globes (/wiki/59th_Golden_Globe_Awards) called "simple and safe", [1] (#cite_note-rubin-1) and the Oscars (/wiki/74th_Academy_Awards) in March described as "conservative" [2] (#cite_note-critchell-2) and "a night of fashion blunders". [3] (#cite_note-blunders-3) The events of September 11 the previous year (/wiki/September_11_attacks) had an effect on red carpet style, with many guests at September's Emmys choosing to wear black in remembrance of those who died. [4] (#cite_note-carter-4) Golden Globe Awards (January 21) [ edit ] The main look of the evening at the 59th Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/59th_Golden_Globe_Awards) was a very low-cut V-necked gown in red, black, or purple tones, with large dangling earrings and pale lipstick, while male guests mostly wore black or silver ties with white shirts under their tuxedos. [1] (#cite_note-rubin-1) Some exceptions were Heather Locklear (/wiki/Heather_Locklear) in turquoise-beaded Celine (/wiki/Celine_(brand)) , Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) in silver, and Andie MacDowell (/wiki/Andie_MacDowell) in red-and-white Escada (/wiki/Escada) ; whilst Sting (/wiki/Sting_(musician)) and Benjamin Bratt (/wiki/Benjamin_Bratt) wore open-necked shirts. [1] (#cite_note-rubin-1) Silhouettes were either form-fitting or full-skirted, in flowing silk and tulle fabrics. [5] (#cite_note-glitter-5) The looks on the red carpet were reviewed by Joan (/wiki/Joan_Rivers) and Melissa Rivers (/wiki/Melissa_Rivers) in a special edition of the E! (/wiki/E!) Fashion Police television programme. [1] (#cite_note-rubin-1) [6] (#cite_note-6) Academy Awards (March 24) [ edit ] Prior to the 74th Academy Awards (/wiki/74th_Academy_Awards) ceremony, its producer Laura Ziskin (/wiki/Laura_Ziskin) encouraged attendees to make an effort. [7] (#cite_note-dan-7) However, the gowns seen on the red carpet were generally not well received, with Marcelle D'Argy Smith, formerly of Cosmopolitan , describing it as a "night of fashion blunders", saying that only the men in their tuxedos looked really gorgeous. [3] (#cite_note-blunders-3) One dress that was particularly criticised was Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) 's black Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) dress with a transparent ruched bodice, which, ten years later, was still being cited as an Oscar fashion disaster. [3] (#cite_note-blunders-3) [8] (#cite_note-lenander-8) [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) Also criticised were Barbra Streisand (/wiki/Barbra_Streisand) 's burgundy velvet "tent/wrap/curtain" and Jennifer Connelly (/wiki/Jennifer_Connelly) 's strapless tulle dress in "shrieking beige" and "pale dung" (described elsewhere as "phlegm-coloured"). [3] (#cite_note-blunders-3) [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) 's pale pink Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) dress was dismissed as nice but boring by D'Argy Smith, although admired elsewhere. [2] (#cite_note-critchell-2) [3] (#cite_note-blunders-3) [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) She was the only high-profile attendee in Chanel that evening, having requested exclusive rights to being dressed by the house. [7] (#cite_note-dan-7) However, that year's Best Actress winner, Halle Berry (/wiki/Halle_Berry) , had a hit with an Elie Saab dress (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) with a strategically embroidered nude-effect brown net bodice and a voluminous taffeta skirt, which Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) magazine suggested in 2008 was "probably one of the best known Oscar dresses of all time". [2] (#cite_note-critchell-2) [10] (#cite_note-cosmo-10) Like Paltrow's dress, Berry's dress was still being cited ten years later, but as a fashion success that made Saab an "overnight sensation". [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) [11] (#cite_note-strike-11) It was voted 8th greatest red carpet gown of all time in a 2008 Debenhams poll, just behind Kate Winslet (/wiki/Kate_Winslet) 's red Ben de Lisi (/wiki/Ben_de_Lisi) gown at 7th. [12] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-12) Winslet's dress, unadorned except for an asymmetrical flowered strap running across the front, was largely admired, Cosmopolitan declaring it simple but "ultra-flattering", although Amanda Platell for the New Statesman described Winslet as resembling a "podgy mum from Muswell Hill (/wiki/Muswell_Hill) " (whilst declaring Berry's dress the best of the night). [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) [10] (#cite_note-cosmo-10) [13] (#cite_note-13) As with Saab, de Lisi received a major boost, saying the following year: "I can't possibly quantify how much publicity I got from that or how much money I made. And now, every time anyone writes about her [Winslet] they use the picture of her in the dress and so it just goes on and on." [14] (#cite_note-lisi-14) Emmys (22 September) [ edit ] Whilst encouraged to dress up for the event, many attendees at the 54th Primetime Emmy Awards (/wiki/54th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) wore black in memory of the September 11 attacks the previous year, which led to the previous year's ceremony (/wiki/53rd_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) being postponed until November. [4] (#cite_note-carter-4) However, a few attendees wore colour, including Jennifer Aniston (/wiki/Jennifer_Aniston) in pink Dior and Oprah Winfrey (/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey) whose pale yellow chiffon dress by Bradley Bayou was cited as one of the best dresses of the night. [4] (#cite_note-carter-4) [9] (#cite_note-scripps-9) [15] (#cite_note-kennedy-15) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Rubin, Sylvia (21 January 2002). "GOLDEN GLOBES 2002: Sticking with the simple and safe" (http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/01/21/DD239695.DTL) . San Francisco Chronicle . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Critchell, Samantha (25 March 2002). "Conservative fashions dominate Oscars" (https://www.usatoday.com/life/enter/movies/oscar2002/2002-03-24-fashion.htm) . USA Today . Retrieved 23 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e D'Argy Smith, Marcelle (25 March 2002). "Oscar's night of fashion blunders" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/entertainment/2002/oscars_2002/1892305.stm) . BBC News . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Carter, Chelsea J. (23 September 2002). "Emmy Awards return with glitz and glamour" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=o7AsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dB8EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6917,1993652&dq=emmy+fashions+red+carpet&hl=en) . The Star . Retrieved 23 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-glitter_5-0) La Ferla, Ruth (22 January 2002). "Front Row: Glitter Rides Again" (https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/22/nyregion/front-row.html) . New York Times . Retrieved 23 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Fashion Police Episodes on E!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110705052949/http://www.tvguide.com/detail/tv-show.aspx?tvobjectid=191508&more=ucepisodelist&episodeid=3726310) . TV Guide . Archived from the original (https://www.tvguide.com/detail/tv-show.aspx?tvobjectid=191508&more=ucepisodelist&episodeid=3726310) on 2011-07-05 . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b Collins, Dan (11 February 2002). "The Price Of Glamour" (http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/03/20/oscar/main504163.shtml) . CBS News . Retrieved 23 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-lenander_8-0) Lenander, Joanna (25 February 2005). "Why Oscar's Women All Look the Same" (http://www.nysun.com/arts/why-oscars-women-all-look-the-same/9747/) . The New York Sun . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Howard, Scripps (11 January 2003). "2002 Was a Fashionable Year In Many Ways" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UxVSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PDUNAAAAIBAJ&pg=4149,1668755&dq=&hl=en) . Times Union . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Oscars Best and Worst Dressed" (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/red-carpet-dresses/best-and-worst-oscar-style) . Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) . Retrieved 24 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-strike_11-0) Jones, LaMont (16 March 2012) [14 January 2008]. "Writers' strike is cutting fashion industry's red-carpet exposure" (http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/sectionfront/life/writers-strike-is-cutting-fashion-industrys-red-carpet-exposure-375885/) . Pittsburgh Post Gazette (republished) . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Telegraph08_12-0) Urmee Khan (9 October 2008). "Liz Hurley 'safety pin' dress voted the greatest dress" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/3167702/Liz-Hurley-safety-pin-dress-voted-the-greatest-dress.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Platell, Amanda (1 April 2002). "If Stella McCartney is so fond of her stepmum-to-be, why didn't she lend Heather a suitable outfit for the Oscars?" (http://www.newstatesman.com/node/142626) . The New Statesman . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-lisi_14-0) "The Kate Debate: Ben de Lisi credits Kate Winslet for his booming business" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2003/06/13/the-kate-debate) . www.vogue.co.uk . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-kennedy_15-0) Kennedy, Lesley (29 December 2002). "The way we wore: 2002's fashion trends" (http://www.seattlepi.com/lifestyle/article/The-way-we-wore-2002-s-fashion-trends-1104117.php) . Retrieved 23 June 2012 . 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(Redirected from Fashion of Shakira (/w/index.php?title=Fashion_of_Shakira&redirect=no) ) Shakira at the Rock in Rio (/wiki/Rock_in_Rio) festival in 2008 Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) has had a considerable impact on the musical landscape of Latin America (/wiki/Latin_America) and further afield. Further to this, her career has seen longevity and cultural reach that has enabled Shakira to be a socially, culturally, and politically influential figure across the world. This has culminated in her receiving the honorific nickname of the Queen of Latin Music (/wiki/Honorific_nicknames_in_popular_music) . She is considered the most recognisable face of Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) around the world. [1] (#cite_note-:12-1) With 100 millions of records sold, she is the best-selling Latin female artist of all time. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-:7-3) [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [5] (#cite_note-:29-5) As of 2018, according to Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) , Shakira was the most commercially successful woman in Latin music through her album sales, thus making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time (/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists) . [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) Vogue writer Carla Ramirez referred to Shakira as the greatest Latin female icon in history [7] (#cite_note-:6-7) and journalist Queralt Uceda from La Vanguardia (/wiki/La_Vanguardia) credits Shakira for being largely responsible for the popularity of Spanish language (/wiki/Spanish_language) music on a global level, [8] (#cite_note-8) while others credit her for being the pioneer, popularizing Spanish music and paving way for other artists such as Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) and Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) who enjoy worldwide popularity today. She is credited with opening the doors of the international market for a new generation of Latin artists. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-:14-10) [11] (#cite_note-:15-11) The journalist Leila Cobo (/wiki/Leila_Cobo) from Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) said that Shakira "put Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) on the map" also added that her is "has been the top of Latin music". [12] (#cite_note-12) Her impact is felt not only through her popularisation of Spanish Music (/wiki/Spanish_Music) , but also through introducing the culture, rhythms, and musical heritage of the Latin community on a global stage. Throughout her career Shakira has been noted for introducing musical genres, instruments, and techniques from across Latin America, The Middle East (/wiki/The_Middle_East) , and other regions to a wider audience. [13] (#cite_note-13) Various media describe Shakira as an artist who makes Latin American culture (/wiki/Latin_American_culture) visible in across the world and credit her for opening the doors of the international industry to Latinos. [14] (#cite_note-14) Her legacy and impact have transcended language barriers, popularizing Latin music internationally, and being credited with catapulting Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) to the international market. [15] (#cite_note-:13-15) [16] (#cite_note-:28-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Various media outlets agree with popular opinion by naming Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) as "The Greatest Female Latin Artist of All Time," [18] (#cite_note-:16-18) highlighting her 30-year career and various achievements. [19] (#cite_note-:5-19) [20] (#cite_note-:17-20) [21] (#cite_note-:18-21) She is considered a very influential artist for various artists from various communities. Due to her heritage as a Colombian of Lebanese descent, she is perceived as particularly influential for Latino and Middle-Eastern musicians. Shakira has also been credited as a very influential visual artist, music videos specifically have been named as a point of inspiration for various artists. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) magazine has noted that Shakira's influence "knows no boundaries", whether in the fields of music or philanthropy. [24] (#cite_note-Forbes-24) This is in reference to her work in early childhood education and advocacy for education as a birthright for all children. This work Shakira began at the age of 18 with the simultaneous release of her album Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) and charity of the same name, the Barefoot Foundation (/wiki/Barefoot_Foundation) in English. Her philanthropic efforts have projected her out of the realm of celebrity and into the space of a real influencer of change, working with various organisations and contributing to a number of initiatives to enact positive social change. Shakira is one of the most influential musicians in the world and a keystone artist of the genres she has helped to popularize. [25] (#cite_note-:19-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) describes Shakira as "the most successful female Latin artist of all time". [27] (#cite_note-:20-27) Shakira has achieved influence that transcends music and has wielded immense social and cultural impact. In 2021, Shakira was named by Kiss FM (/wiki/DWKI) as one of the most influential female artists of the 21st century, highlighting her achievements in the international market without forgetting her Latin roots. [28] (#cite_note-:21-28) In 2012, she was the youngest figure featured in literature covering "The 100 Greatest and Most Iconic Hispanic Artists of All Time". [29] (#cite_note-:22-29) Global icon [ edit ] Many Latino acts have benefitted from Shakira's departure from the 90s version of herself. By globalizing her music and brand, Shakira broke records and language barriers, allowing for younger artists like Bad Bunny and J Balvin to have their songs played on American radio. There were many figurative walls to destroy before songs composed by Latinos would be trendy enough for American audiences. Shakira is largely credited for breaking those walls. Jose Soto [30] (#cite_note-Globalization-30) Shakira's appearance on the international market was somewhat different from the other crossover artists such as Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) , Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , Enrique Iglesias (/wiki/Enrique_Iglesias) or Gloria Estefan (/wiki/Gloria_Estefan) , who already spoke fluent English. Shakira was a Spanish-speaking South American woman who had to learn English. [31] (#cite_note-31) Shakira is noted to be a "global phenom" whose impact has "reached every corner of the world". [24] (#cite_note-Forbes-24) The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) credited Shakira for the globalization of Latin music, and described her as the "21st century Latina bombshell." [32] (#cite_note-NY_Times-32) Published by the US Bureau of International Information Programs (/wiki/Bureau_of_International_Information_Programs) , the journal Global Issues (2006) cites Shakira as an example of a celebrity "in today's globalized world (/wiki/Cultural_globalization) " who "made it big by sharing the uniqueness of their talent and culture with the global community." [33] (#cite_note-:2-33) According to the official website of Colombia (/wiki/Colombia) , she is credited as an "ambassador" for Colombia "across borders" with her "movements and unforgettable voice" that have "left a trace on every corner of the world." [34] (#cite_note-:23-34) In reference to Shakira's "blockbuster" popularity outside of the United States (/wiki/United_States) and United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , Live Nation (/wiki/Live_Nation) has remarked that "Shakira's numbers outside the US are crazy stupid" [35] (#cite_note-:24-35) Her popularity prompted Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) to dub her as "the most popular person on Earth." in 2014 [36] (#cite_note-36) Columnist, Erynn Ruiz considered Shakira "a trailblazer for women and artists all over the globe." [37] (#cite_note-Things-37) El Correo del Golfo describes Shakira as an "artistic link between the west and the east" for popularizing Middle Eastern sounds in the West (/wiki/Western_world) , and western sounds in the East (mainly the Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) ). [38] (#cite_note-Correo-38) In 2021, it was revealed that " Shakira " is the most popular name derived from Latin or Arab musicians in the United Kingdom in the 21st century. The name ranks 8th overall among "UK's Most Popular Music-Inspired Baby Names." [39] (#cite_note-39) In the Middle East and North Africa [ edit ] Due to her popularity in the Arab World (/wiki/Arab_world) , Shakira is noted to have directly impacted Middle Eastern and North African popular culture (/wiki/Popular_culture) . The book titled "The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture" by Dwight Reynolds (PhD), Professor of Arabic Language & Literature, by the Cambridge University Press (/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press) , not only credits Shakira with introducing Middle Eastern rhythms and belly-dancing to the pop culture in the Americas and Europe but also points out the artist's impact on the Arab pop culture. The book names Lebanese singers Myriam Fares (/wiki/Myriam_Fares) , and Nawal El Zoghbi (/wiki/Nawal_El_Zoghbi) to have echoed Shakira's sound and looks in the Middle East. [40] (#cite_note-Cambridge-40) Similarly, a publication titled Popular Culture in the Arab World: Arts, Politics, and the Media published by American University in Cairo Press (/wiki/American_University_in_Cairo_Press) further asserts Shakira's impact on popular culture (/wiki/Popular_culture) in the Arab World (/wiki/Arab_World) . Author Andrew Hammond credits the Colombian artist for impacting and shifting the images of Arab pop stars such as Moroccan Samira Said (/wiki/Samira_Said) and Lebanese Nawal Al Zoghbi (/wiki/Nawal_Al_Zoghbi) . Asserting the impact he writes, "[they] have shifted their image and sound in an attempt to follow in her (Shakira's) footsteps". [41] (#cite_note-41) In India [ edit ] Shakira's multicultural approach of including ethnic dances in her music has allowed her to be a household name in India (/wiki/India) . Tons of Indian artists have shown aspiration to follow the Colombian performer's steps in hip-shaking. [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) Many claim that Shakira has popularized belly-dancing in India in the early 2000s. [44] (#cite_note-44) The country and the subcontinent have multiple songs and movies revolving around Shakira. [45] (#cite_note-45) Some of Shakira's biggest hits are remade and translated and used in movies, one example could be Indian (/wiki/India) composer Anand Raj Anand (/wiki/Anand_Raj_Anand) 's remake of the song " Ojos Así (/wiki/Ojos_As%C3%AD) " to "Yeh Pyaar Hai" for a Bollywood (/wiki/Bollywood) movie. [46] (#cite_note-sites.google.com-46) On 25 March 2007, Shakira finally performed for Indian fans in Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) , Maharashtra (/wiki/Maharashtra) , at the MMRDA Grounds (/wiki/MMRDA_Grounds) as a stop during her world tour. Latin music [ edit ] Shakira is a pioneer who has redefined the scope of Latin American singers and has become one of the most intriguing voices in Latin pop/rock today. Dana Rodriguez, BMI Foundation (/wiki/BMI_Foundation) [47] (#cite_note-47) Shakira is mostly credited for bringing latinoamerican music (/wiki/Latin_music) to the entire planet by herself, something that only a few artists had achieved, however, Shakira took it to a greater level [48] (#cite_note-48) likewise she is considered the world's most popular Latin artist, she asserts that while topping and dominating multiple spots on the downloads charts in Finland (/wiki/Finland) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) , Switzerland (/wiki/Switzerland) , China (/wiki/China) , and over 35 countries. A survey concluded that Shakira dominates the global reach of Latin music. [49] (#cite_note-49) A 2021 survey conducted by LATFEM , a Latin American feminist organization concluded that Shakira is the most influential female artist among Latin American females and the LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) community. Also, Shakira's 4th studio album, Donde Estan Los Ladrones (/wiki/Donde_Estan_Los_Ladrones) has come out as the most influential album within the surveyed population. Mexican journalist, Natalia More than two decades later, it's hard to imagine what the modern pop landscape would be like without the Colombian superstar, especially considering the explosion in popularity other Latin artists have experienced after her. Hannah Dailey, Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(Magazine)) [50] (#cite_note-50) Szendro said, "...many girls were directly influenced by Shakira and I am that generation, in which I felt identified for the first time with someone at that level." The survey also adds, "with age comes the recognition and it becomes very easy to see the legacy and the deep impact that "Shaki" has left." Shakira's third studio album Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) also made an appearance on the list. [51] (#cite_note-51) Her introduction of Latin music to mainstream media has been defined as one of her many "revolutionary industry acts." [37] (#cite_note-Things-37) She has shown her Latin heritage to the entire world and this has influenced the sounds we hear today on the radio. [52] (#cite_note-52) According to Marie Claire Taiwan (/wiki/Marie_Claire) Shakira "Introduced Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) to the international market, sparking a huge boom in Latin pop music (/wiki/Latin_pop) in the mainstream English-speaking market and helping more Spanish-speaking singers enter the European and American markets." [53] (#cite_note-53) Likewise, Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) , [54] (#cite_note-54) Grammys (/wiki/Grammy_Awards) [55] (#cite_note-55) and Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) [56] (#cite_note-56) credit Shakira for opening doors and paving the way for the new generation of Latin music artists who would come after her. In countries like Germany (/wiki/Germany) she was credited with causing a "musical boom" by increasing public interest in Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) during 2003. [57] (#cite_note-57) Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) magazine in a 2023 article credits her with breaking down barriers against new Latin artists in music, including names like Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) . [58] (#cite_note-58) During an interview with Shakira, Canadian announcer Tom Power (/wiki/Tom_Power_(musician)) expressed "That collaborative artists present on Shakira's album " Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran (/wiki/Las_Mujeres_Ya_No_Lloran) " would possibly not exist without Shakira. [59] (#cite_note-59) Shakira in playing the guitar while performing her 1998 rock classic Inevitable Latin rock [ edit ] Initially a rock musician in the 1990s, according to The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , Shakira was regarded as the "innovator in Latin alternative rock." [32] (#cite_note-NY_Times-32) Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) ' s Leila Cabo has noted that Shakira in the 1990s with her album ¿Donde están los ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) was "redefining the parameters" of Rock en español (/wiki/Rock_en_espa%C3%B1ol) and bringing about the inclusion of women in the genre. [60] (#cite_note-60) Refinery 29 (/wiki/Refinery_29) columnist Nicole Collazo Santana has credited the Colombian artist to have "laid out the foundation for Latina rockers.". [61] (#cite_note-90s-61) Latin pop [ edit ] Generally, Shakira is credited for introducing Latin artists to pop music (/wiki/Pop_music) . [62] (#cite_note-62) The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) has named the Colombian artist "The Titan of Latin Pop" for her leading and outstanding output in the genre for more than three decades. [63] (#cite_note-Titan-63) A comparative statement between Shakira and her fellow Latin peers was made, calling the latter "polished" and contrasting Shakira's persona which is "raw and unpredictable. Political, abrupt, outspoken, and talented in every way." [30] (#cite_note-Globalization-30) Public Broadcasting Service (/wiki/PBS) recognizes Shakira as one of the fuelers of the "Golden Age of Latin Music" which is credited to have reshaped America's cultural landscape for the twenty-first century". [64] (#cite_note-64) According to the media, Shakira gave "a new status" to pop in Spanish. [65] (#cite_note-65) Reggaeton [ edit ] The authors of Reggaeton , published by Duke University Press (/wiki/Duke_University_Press) , have named the Barranquillera as an artist who popularized the genre ( reggaeton (/wiki/Reggaeton) ) in North America, Europe, and Asia in the mid-2000s. [66] (#cite_note-66) Her song " La Tortura (/wiki/La_Tortura) " was along with " La Gasolina (/wiki/Gasolina) " by Daddy Yankee (/wiki/Daddy_Yankee) the reggaeton songs that extended it to a much larger audience. It was also the first song entirely in Spanish featured on the MTV VMAs. [67] (#cite_note-67) [68] (#cite_note-68) According to journalist Juan de Dios Sánchez, thanks to the song " La Tortura (/wiki/La_Tortura) " Shakira marked Hispanic music, adding that the commercial status that reggaeton enjoys today is due to the visibility that this genre achieved through Shakira's experiments and the commercial success she obtained with them crediting her for the creation of "Reggaetón-Pop" while highlighting the importance of Shakira's legacy in the genre saying that her fusion music with reggaeton works to guide the musical evolution of the genre as well as modulating machismo. [69] (#cite_note-69) In the United States [ edit ] "For a long time the prejudices, the people who handled the radios, the 'gatekeepers' kept the gates closed preserving what they believed had to sound on the radio. That was my turn, I had to face a very closed industry, very obtuse so when I started putting out music in English and I also kept putting out music in Spanish, but I kept mixing and making a fusion of rhythms from Colombian cumbia to Middle Eastern influences (...), wanting that to sound on Anglo-Saxon radio was really a challenge" Shakira, Andina (news agency) (/wiki/Andina_(news_agency)) [70] (#cite_note-70) Shakira is noted to have broken language barriers in the United States and had success both in English and Spanish music. In 1999 Shakira's MTV Unplugged (/wiki/MTV_Unplugged_(Shakira_album)) became the program's first episode to be broadcast entirely in Spanish [71] (#cite_note-71) The concert is also noted to be the first time a Latin pop act attempted an Unplugged, as well as the first Latina solo act to do so. [72] (#cite_note-72) In 2001 Shakira's " Whenever Wherever (/wiki/Whenever_Wherever) " music video was aired on MTV (/wiki/MTV) with both the English and Spanish versions. According to a spokesman for the channel, this is noted as "the first time that U.S. MTV has aired a Spanish-language video." [73] (#cite_note-73) In 2005, " La Tortura (/wiki/La_Tortura) " became the first ever full Spanish-language music video to air on MTV without an English version. [74] (#cite_note-74) The same year it also became the first ever Spanish song to be nominated and performed at the MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards) . [75] (#cite_note-75) The 2006 global smash hit " Hips Don't Lie (/wiki/Hips_Don%27t_Lie) " was selected as one of the greatest songs by 21st century female artists by US National Public Radio (/wiki/National_Public_Radio) , ranked at number 65. [76] (#cite_note-76) Its success has been such that the media point out that possibly without its crossover many Latin artists such as Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) , Becky G (/wiki/Becky_G) , Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) , Maluma (/wiki/Maluma) or J Balvin (/wiki/J_Balvin) would possibly not have the recognition that they enjoy today, and it is seen as a great step in the Latin industry since with the voice of Shakira the music industry would stop only focusing on American artists and Latinas would enter the arena such as Paulina Rubio (/wiki/Paulina_Rubio) , Thalía (/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa) and even Fey (/wiki/Fey_(singer)) who also ventured to conquer other audiences. [77] (#cite_note-77) Impact on other Latin artists [ edit ] Shakira frequently collaborates with other Latin artists throughout her career to introduce them to a wider audience. Sony Music (/wiki/Sony_Music) chairman and CEO of Latin Iberia , Afo Verde hinted that Sony Music Latin (/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin) paired Anuel AA (/wiki/Anuel_AA) with Shakira to expand Anuel's reach. [78] (#cite_note-78) In an interview with Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) he expressed: "She [ Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) ] is a cornerstone of our strategy to present powerful role models in Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) to the international markets, he says of the Colombian singer-songwriter, citing her “remarkable international appeal." Another case is with the urban singer Maluma (/wiki/Maluma) with whom they made their song " Chantaje (/wiki/Chantaje) " opening doors in the international market and granting him his first entry on the Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) list. [79] (#cite_note-79) After collaborating with Shakira, Colombian singer, Carlos Vives (/wiki/Carlos_Vives) acknowledged that Shakira's global popularity introduced the non-Latin market to his music. He said, "Shakira is so big that people in other markets learned about Carlos Vives." [80] (#cite_note-80) Shakira is seen as a Latina who pushes the reach of Latino artists on a global scale by demonstrating them to a global audience. [81] (#cite_note-81) According to the media, Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) is credited with helping other Latin artists enter the international market. [82] (#cite_note-82) Latin culture [ edit ] Shakira is considered one of the main references of Latin culture (/wiki/Latin_American_culture) to the world. In Latin studies, María Elena describes Shakira as an idealized transnational citizen. "Her music career and public persona ... occupies the interstices between the Latin American and US Latinos contained within the rubric of Latinidad, Cepeda goes on to note "her multiple subject position (as Lebanese-Colombian, Caribbean-Colombian, female, popular performer, and recent US migrant) contribute to a sense of Latins and Colombians both within and outside U.S borders", with her statements rejecting the tenets and aims of SB 1070, Shakira is also a great example of how a clearly politicized sense of Trinidad operates in defense of all Latinos deemed "illegal" in the eyes of the law. [83] (#cite_note-83) Books like "From Shahrukh to Shakira: Reflections on aesthetic cosmopolitanism among young French people" in which they tell us about the process of how young French people have been greatly influenced by other cultures, including Latin America, accrediting Shakira. [84] (#cite_note-84) In other bookss it is expressed that within books that study the culture of countries such as France, Japan, China and many more from continents such as Africa, Europe, Asia and The Americas (/wiki/Americas) , Shakira is the only Latin artist who has the largest representation in Latin American culture. [85] (#cite_note-85) In communication studies, along with Latino studies, Latino identity is talked about and as stars like Shakira have helped redefine what it means to be a Latino in the eyes of other countries as well as Latinos feeling proud to celebrate their Latino heritage, the called "Latin explosion" Presided over by artists like Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) and her, they managed to get Latinos to enter the mainstream market of the world making the community in different countries on several continents, especially in the US, look much more united with the Latino community. [86] (#cite_note-86) Fame [ edit ] Cataloged by various media outlets as a Latina with the status of a music superstar (/wiki/Superstar) , [87] (#cite_note-87) Shakira is seen not only as an artist but as a world-class celebrity who covers different fields in addition to music, such as politics and philanthropy, having much influence in situations of support to communities. [88] (#cite_note-88) In addition to being considered the most influential Latin artist in Latin American culture. [89] (#cite_note-89) Her fame began with her first international album " Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) " which catapulted her into the Latin market very immediately after two failures with "Magia" and "Peligro", [90] (#cite_note-90) Shakira was quickly cataloged offensively as "the second largest export from Colombia" however in several countries such as Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina and more she was seen as a nascent musical phenomenon calling her as "the greatest Latin artist that Latin America has been able to offer", [91] (#cite_note-Wilson_2002-91) being invited to all type of interviews questioning her about her lyrics and sounds, thanks to her second album " ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) " Shakira did nothing but increase the curiosity of the Latin public about her and her sounds by fusing the Lebanese culture with her Latin origin. [92] (#cite_note-92) [93] (#cite_note-93) Sales were a complete success during the nineties, selling just over 10 million records in Latin America (/wiki/Latin_America) alone until 2001, more than artists already established in the industry. [94] (#cite_note-94) Cultural effect [ edit ] Once with the success of her international debut album Shakira was called as a sensation in all of Latin America, [95] (#cite_note-95) her success was such that her public image of that time as a rock girl became a trend in several young Latinas in the words of her peers in the artistic medium like Carlos Vives, who expressed that Shakira was an image that several Latinos felt represented with her and even everyone wanted to be like her. [96] (#cite_note-96) Her appearance in the artistic world was seen as something new discovered that until then had not been seen in Latin America and the media in Latin countries called [97] (#cite_note-97) "Shakira Fever" because of the large number of young people who attended her concerts, they dressed in coin belts emulating Shakira. [98] (#cite_note-98) With Pies Descalzos Shakira not only became a new benchmark for musical entertainment, but also the spokesperson for what a part of the youth of the 90s felt and wanted to express. Shakira was credited with putting Colombian music on the map of the international market, [99] (#cite_note-99) attracting the attention of several countries outside the territory as well as according to national magazines. Thanks to her music, Shakira opened a new door for women in the industry and showed many "scholars" that a 1.57-meter girl could become a superhero for men and women, despite the fact that female artists always had them in the background. [100] (#cite_note-100) In popular culture [ edit ] Natural and social sciences [ edit ] Aleiodes shakirae (/wiki/Aleiodes_shakirae) : Type of wasp named after Shakira because the movement of this insect's abdomen is similar to Shakira's belly dancing style. [101] (#cite_note-101) Theater [ edit ] (2019) The musical Las de la Intuición (/wiki/Las_de_la_Intuici%C3%B3n) is a comedy based on Shakira's greatest hits, written and directed by Yefry Lemus. [102] (#cite_note-102) Comics [ edit ] (2011) Dora the Explorer (/wiki/Dora_the_Explorer) : Shakira appeared in the comic alongside the character of Dora. [103] (#cite_note-103) (2024) Female Force, comic series from Tidalwave Productions (/wiki/TidalWave_Productions) . [104] (#cite_note-104) Shakira's 2011 "Sale el Sol World Tour" poster outside the concert hall in Minsk, Belarus (/wiki/Belarus) Gastronomy [ edit ] (2020) A Shakira-inspired restaurant called Chickira opened in Egypt. [105] (#cite_note-105) (2013) A restaurant called Shakira Kebab has opened in the country of Italy. [106] (#cite_note-106) (2016) Ice cream shop La Martiniere in France launched a Shakira-inspired ice cream flavor. [107] (#cite_note-107) Internet [ edit ] (2002) A virus called Shakira.chn appeared on the Internet. [108] (#cite_note-108) (2014) Hackers (/wiki/Hacker) used a virus with the name of Shakira to spread it throughout Latin America. The virus message claimed that the singer had died in a traffic accident. [109] (#cite_note-109) (2020) The tongue-trill Shakira performed during her Super Bowl LIV halftime show (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV_halftime_show) became viral as a meme. It was later revealed that the wavering, high-pitched sound was a zaghrouta (/wiki/Ululation) . [110] (#cite_note-110) Literature [ edit ] See also: Bibliography of works on Shakira (/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_Shakira) Ximena Diego: Shakira "Woman full of grace" (2001) [111] (#cite_note-:11-111) Wilson Wayne: Shakira (2002) [91] (#cite_note-Wilson_2002-91) Zella William: Shakira Star Singer (2011) [112] (#cite_note-112) Sandoval Reyes: Shakira: Así es su vida (2012) [113] (#cite_note-113) Laura Corpa: Shakira: Pure Intuition (2011) [114] (#cite_note-114) María Sánchez: Shakira : Lo que nadie conoce (2006) [115] (#cite_note-115) Sarah Tieck: Shakira : International music star (2015) [116] (#cite_note-116) Thomas Tolbiac: Shakira : La star au grand coeur (2007) [117] (#cite_note-117) Arnaud Babion: Shakira : la bomba Latina (2007) [118] (#cite_note-118) Phil Rando: Shakira, l'ange de Colombie (2003) [119] (#cite_note-119) Video games [ edit ] In Angry Birds Pop (/wiki/Angry_Birds_POP!) a character appears with Shakira's characteristic traits. [120] (#cite_note-120) Art [ edit ] Paintings [ edit ] The painter Rafael Barón made a painting based on Shakira's song "Te Espero Sentada" from her album " Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) " [121] (#cite_note-121) Exhibitions [ edit ] Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) pants displayed at the Hard Rock Cafe (/wiki/Hard_Rock_Cafe) in Atlanta Hard Rock Cafe (/wiki/Hard_Rock_Cafe) In various places of the Hard Rock Cafe various garments of the singer are exposed. [122] (#cite_note-122) [123] (#cite_note-123) National Museum of Women in the Arts (/wiki/National_Museum_of_Women_in_the_Arts) Shakira's wardrobe was presented at the National Museum of Women in the Arts in the exhibition women who rock [124] (#cite_note-124) Movies [ edit ] Shakira is referenced in Captain America: The Winter Soldier (/wiki/Captain_America:_The_Winter_Soldier) (2014), the second installment of the franchise. After spending several decades under a block of ice, Steve Rogers has a lot of catching up to do when it comes to pop culture and cultural milestones. He keeps a checklist filled with recommendations to get him up to speed. In the Latin American Spanish dubbed version of the movie, Shakira's name can be seen as part of his to-do list. TV Shows [ edit ] Shakira has been referenced in many TV Shows, including: The Simpsons - S8.E14: The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show (1997). Note: Shakira is mentioned in the Latin American Spanish dubbed version. The Simpsons - S14.E22: Moe Baby Blues (2003). Note: Shakira is mentioned in the Latin American Spanish dubbed version. Family Guy - S6.E5: Lois Kills Stewie (2007). Note: Shakira appears in the DVD version during the song "I've Got a Little List," which was cut from the episode that aired on TV. Hannah Montana - S3.E2: Ready, Set, Don't Drive (2008). Modern Family - S11.E14: Spuds (2020). Sex Education - S2.E2: Episode 2 (2020). Orange is the New Black - S4.E2: Power Suit (2016). On My Block - S4.E8: Chapter Thirty-Six (2021). Music [ edit ] Shakira has been mentioned many times in other artists' songs, including: "Sensualidad" by Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) , American singer Prince Royce (/wiki/Prince_Royce) , and Colombian singer J Balvin (/wiki/J_Balvin) (2017). "La Mentira" by Spanish singer Dani Martín (singer) (/wiki/Dani_Mart%C3%ADn_(singer)) (2019). "El Booty" by Cuban Reggaeton singer Jacob Forever (2019). "Kellemetlen" by Hungarian hip-hop band AK26 (2020). "Sigo Buscándote" by Venezuelan Latin Pop and Reggaetón duo Mau y Ricky (/wiki/Mau_y_Ricky) (2020). "Todas Mías" by Puerto Rican rapper Álvaro Díaz (/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_D%C3%ADaz) (2020). "Tá com o Papato" by Brazilian singer Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) (2020). "Se Desvive Por Ella" by Puerto Rican reggaeton singers La Sista (/wiki/La_Sista) and Darkiel (/wiki/Darkiel) , and Puerto Rican rappers Miky Woodz (/wiki/Miky_Woodz) and Pusho (/wiki/Pusho) (2020). "What's Poppin Freestyle" by American rapper, singer, songwriter, and actor Machine Gun Kelly (musician) (/wiki/Machine_Gun_Kelly_(musician)) (2020). "Más Rica Que Ayer" by Puerto Rican Rapper Anuel AA (/wiki/Anuel_AA) (2023). "Taxi Sulla Luna" by Italian rapper Tony Effe (/wiki/Tony_Effe) and Italian pop singer Emma Marrone (/wiki/Emma_Marrone) , from Effe's album "Icon" (2023). "Solta-te by Brazilian singer-songwriter Pocah (/wiki/Pocah) and Colombian Latin pop group Piso 21 (/wiki/Piso_21) (2023). "Guilty Conscience 2" by American rapper Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) , from his album "The Death of Slim Shady (Coup de Grâce)" (2024). In Latin popular culture [ edit ] Image trends [ edit ] See also: Shakira Fandom (/wiki/Shakira_Fandom) During the mid-90s, Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) was already making herself known in the world of Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) and some parts of Europe (/wiki/Europe) thanks to her successful international debut album " Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) ". [125] (#cite_note-125) According to Edgar Garcia in the book " Shakira ¡Que viva Colombia! " Shakira had reached a status of importance in Latin adolescents, which led to the appearance of various "impersonators" who emulated her look, voice, movements and characteristics. She used a look described by various media as "Rocker", leather pants, bracelets, and quite prominent hair, it was a sensation in America (/wiki/Americas) [126] (#cite_note-126) in countries like Spain (/wiki/Spain) , Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) and Latin countries like Mexico (/wiki/Mexico) and Argentina (/wiki/Argentina) , Shakira's style had become a daily fashion for girls and adolescents emulating the singer during her look used in her " ¿Dónde Están los ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) " era, they wore the thread bracelets and the braids of Colors, they loved that hippie look of the new century and they identified with the sounds that Shakira embodied in her albums (/wiki/Shakira_discography) . [111] (#cite_note-:11-111) Shakira came to have different imitators around the end of the 90's and the beginning of the decade 2000. [127] (#cite_note-127) Carlos Vives said: "You will see that there are curramberas of all ages and there are Shakiras of all ages, who knew what they were doing there, the happiness with which they did it, with which they represented you, they all wanted to be you." La Prensa Redaction, La Prensa (/wiki/La_Prensa_(Managua)) [128] (#cite_note-128) Influences [ edit ] Shakira's influence on Latin artists [ edit ] Shakira with Cuban American singer Camila Cabello (/wiki/Camila_Cabello) who has cited the Colombian as one of her influences From her debut to the present Shakira has been commonly cited as a source of inspiration for a wide variety of Latin and non-Latin artists, her music videos have been taken as inspiration for artists such as the singers Tini (/wiki/Tini_(singer)) and Greeicy (/wiki/Greeicy) who was inspired by the video of the song " La Tortura (/wiki/La_Tortura) " for their music videos "Ella Dice" and "Lejos Conmigo", [129] (#cite_note-129) [130] (#cite_note-:8-130) and in several cases Shakira inspires for her lyrics, multicultural sounds and as a sign of how a Latino can be successful in international territory where racism continues to exist. Shakira is proof of how you can succeed. Latin artists like Natti Natasha (/wiki/Natti_Natasha) , Rosalía (/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_(singer)) , Belinda (/wiki/Belinda) , Greeicy (/wiki/Greeicy) Rendón, Natalia Lafourcade (/wiki/Natalia_Lafourcade) , Dulce María (/wiki/Dulce_Mar%C3%ADa) , Francisca Valenzuela (/wiki/Francisca_Valenzuela) , Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) , Farina (/wiki/Farina_(singer)) show their admiration and name her as a woman who inspires them, making them trust their own talent to succeed in an industry where they should not be afraid to write nor sing about their feelings, strengths, fears and experiences to stand out where men still predominate. Her music videos have redefined dance in these according to Billboard's words. And her sounds, mixing Latin rhythms with touches of pop music, [131] (#cite_note-131) have inspired artists with Latin roots such as Camila Cabello (/wiki/Camila_Cabello) and Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) , who launched their projects in Spanish, always using their culture in their projects. [132] (#cite_note-132) "Shakira" as a nickname for female artists [ edit ] Artists like Belinda (/wiki/Belinda_Peregr%C3%ADn) have often been referred to by the media and the public as "The Next Shakira." The name Shakira is used by magazines, newspapers, and editors to refer to a Latin artist who has a success similar to what Shakira had at the time, she is considered the female standard of the Latin industry thanks to her almost unmatched success in the world, several emerging Latin artists are compared to her, female artists from Latin countries such as Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) , [133] (#cite_note-133) Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) , [134] (#cite_note-134) Lele Pons (/wiki/Lele_Pons) , [135] (#cite_note-135) Wendy Sulca (/wiki/Wendy_Sulca) , [136] (#cite_note-136) Belinda (/wiki/Belinda_Peregr%C3%ADn) , Paty Cantú (/wiki/Paty_Cant%C3%BA) , Rosalía (/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_(singer)) , Anahí (/wiki/Anah%C3%AD) and others [137] (#cite_note-137) are seen and they themselves express being aspiring to her, which leads them to be called with the title of "The new Shakira" or "The next Shakira". [138] (#cite_note-138) Artists like Ale have expressed to the press in their country that they want to be the next Shakira in the world or the same media are looking for a representative like Shakira, [139] (#cite_note-139) as in the case of the singer Marre who expresses wanting to become a superstar to a Latin singer there are those who they consider as the next to cross the door that Shakira opened many years ago. [140] (#cite_note-140) However different Latin artists have refused to be named as such, such as the singer Emmy Rosum (/wiki/Emmy_Rossum) who expressed not wanting to become a kind of Shakira in the market, [141] (#cite_note-141) a similar case was the case of Natalia Oreiro (/wiki/Natalia_Oreiro) who expressed not wanting to be another Shakira promoting her career inversely to how the Colombian singer did. [142] (#cite_note-142) Indonesian artist Anggun (/wiki/Anggun) was named as "Indonesian Shakira". [143] (#cite_note-143) Shakiramania [ edit ] The so-called Shakiramanía was noticed in various Latin countries with girls and young people who dressed and sang just like Shakira, wore clothes and accessories with her image, this generated a trend during the late 90's, this also called "Shakira Fever" reached a great fan base of all kinds both men and women who emulated the singer. During the arrival of the "Oral Fixation World Tour" concert in countries like Peru, various newscasts referred to the large number of fans as "a great Shakiramania". Venezuelan channel RCTV made a 24-hour television special of videos about Shakira calling it "Shakiramanía " [144] (#cite_note-144) Discography impact [ edit ] Pies Descalzos [ edit ] " Pies descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) " was the first international album that Shakira released after the commercial failures " Magia (/wiki/Magia_(Shakira_album)) " and " Peligro (/wiki/Peligro_(Shakira_album)) " and is considered one of the most important Spanish albums of all time [145] (#cite_note-145) in which Latin music was revitalized during the 90's and she also became the biggest Latin female star in various countries like Brazil (/wiki/Brazil) , Colombia (/wiki/Colombia) , Peru (/wiki/Peru) , USA (/wiki/United_States) , and Japan (/wiki/Japan) . [146] (#cite_note-:9-146) Her success was such that it broke attendance records in Brazil being compared to the shows offered by Michael Jackson in that territory. [146] (#cite_note-:9-146) Several contemporary music critics spoke of how the album "convinced the audience" and helped establish Shakira as a professional artist. [147] (#cite_note-147) From the beginning of her career, Shakira was compared to Canadian Alanis Morissette (/wiki/Alanis_Morissette) , MTV's Bruno Delgranado and Sony Music's Luana Pagari declared that "the Colombian has strength in her voice, a sharp tone that rises easily and a charisma that makes her big on stage" and declared that Shakira was "not a one-day phenomenon". [148] (#cite_note-148) "Pies Descalzos" is part of the list of "100 albums you must have before the end of the world", published in 2012 by Sony Music. [149] (#cite_note-149) Shakira's discography (especially her first albums) had an impact on the Latin public. ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? [ edit ] ¿Dónde Están los ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) It was Shakira's fourth album released in 1998, it is considered Shakira's best album, one of the best albums of Latin music and rock in Spanish. [150] (#cite_note-150) It is seen as the album that had the most impact on several emerging female artists of those times, inspiring them to compose just as Shakira changed the rules of Latin rock thanks to this album, recovering the genre for women and laying the foundations for Latin rockers. In 2020, " Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) " magazine placed the album on its list " The 500 best albums of all time (/wiki/Rolling_Stone%27s_500_Greatest_Albums_of_All_Time) " being the only rock album in Spanish to appear. [151] (#cite_note-151) The album led Shakira to be baptized by Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) magazine as "The princess of rock" and to be described as "The Colombian Artist of the millennium" in her country. [152] (#cite_note-152) It was also considered the most influential album among women and the LGBT community according to a survey. For Juan Carlos Piedrahita, music editor of El Espectador in Colombia (/wiki/Colombia) , with this album Shakira began to consolidate the sound that made her recognized throughout the world; "This album is a new starting point because with ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones?? the MTV (/wiki/MTV) network opens the doors of its channel to her to rotate her music and make an Unplugged album to demonstrate her power live, something that had not happened with almost any Colombian artist". In the 90s, that artist who was chosen to make an episode of Unplugged for MTV was synonymous with artistic excellence and this gave a new status to her career. Before Shakira, names like Maná (/wiki/Man%C3%A1) , Soda Stereo (/wiki/Soda_Stereo) , Charly García (/wiki/Charly_Garc%C3%ADa) and Café Tacvba (/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Tacuba) , with several years of experience, were chosen for this project. Shakira's Unplugged (/wiki/MTV_Unplugged_(Shakira_album)) , which featured 95% of the songs from ¿Dónde Están Los Ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) , was considered as historic because it became the first recording in Spanish to be broadcast on MTV in the United States (/wiki/United_States) and MTV in Europe (/wiki/Europe) . This fact in music became a milestone for its global artistic, cultural, and commercial impact, and it transcended time for what is considered this album with the songs of ¿Dónde Están Los Ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) as a work of art of Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) . In media words thanks to what the woman from Barranquilla began to communicate with her sound and lyrics on her hands-on album, no one could take their eyes off her and that's when Colombia realized that it had a universal artist among them. The impact that this singer began to generate was such that her concerts were sold out months in advance, her albums sold millions of copies, thousands of letters from her fans arrived at her residences, her look of colored braids became popular. Throughout the continent, the choirs of her songs sounded in children's toys and, to words of the media the most important, she brought music in Spanish to audiences with cultures totally opposed to the Latinoamerican, such as Brazilians (/wiki/Brazil) , Europeans (/wiki/Europe) , Africans (/wiki/Africa) and Asiatic (/wiki/Asia) . [16] (#cite_note-:28-16) Laundry Service [ edit ] When the Latin explosion appeared in the industry, artists like Shakira released their albums, obtaining success in the world, selling 8 million in a year of its release and having more than 13 million sales to date, [153] (#cite_note-:10-153) catapulting several Latin sounds such as tango or folk sounds around the world with her songs. Shakira was a success being compared to artists of the stature of Madonna, Britney Spears, and many more. [153] (#cite_note-:10-153) She was also part of the cover of Rolling Stone "Women in Rock" with Mary J Blige (/wiki/Mary_J._Blige) and Britney (/wiki/Britney_Spears) . [154] (#cite_note-154) Its success is seen as a breakthrough for the Latin market as it helped more South American artists have an easier opportunity to break into the US and world markets. In 2007 the album was included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 200 definitive albums of all time (/wiki/List_of_200_Definitive_Albums_in_the_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame) . Laundry Service is considered the album that paved the way for several Latin stars who followed Shakira with their sounds. [155] (#cite_note-155) Female representation [ edit ] See also: Shakira as a feminist icon (/wiki/Shakira_as_a_feminist_icon) Shakira is believed to have broken the gender barriers in the Latin music industry which is considered to be "historically male-dominated" and passed their numbers. A fact that helps girls like her to have the same opportunities as her. [156] (#cite_note-156) Nicole Collazo Santana has mentioned that "Shakira reclaimed the male-dominated genre ( pop rock (/wiki/Pop_rock) ) with music, turned the form into her diary, and gave it to us as a little annotated guide to navigate machismo in all the places we find it in the world." [61] (#cite_note-90s-61) Likewise, Shakira herself explained that her 2009 album "She Wolf was made for all those who have desires that they repress, in the album she expresses how people need to free themselves from all the restrictions that society imposes on them. [157] (#cite_note-157) Adding "My biggest motivation was to make an album that people could just have fun with and forget about their troubles. Dance-oriented. Club-oriented. I want people to have fun with it. Forget about the troubles. Forget about the crisis Forget everything for a minute- at least while they listen to the music." [158] (#cite_note-158) The vice president of MTV explained that in the industry, women are mostly interpreters in the vast majority of times, Shakira is not the case since she is involved in the composition and production of her albums. [159] (#cite_note-159) Shakira from the beginning was seen as an artist who inspires Latino men and women to be proud of their roots, she managed to break down several barriers against the Latino community and facilitated the famous "crossover" to the mainstream market. [160] (#cite_note-160) Several artists such as Danna Paola (/wiki/Danna_Paola) , [161] (#cite_note-161) Manuel Turizo (/wiki/Manuel_Turizo) , [162] (#cite_note-162) Bizarrap (/wiki/Bizarrap) , [163] (#cite_note-163) among others refer to Shakira as "the greatest female Latin artist in history". Crossover [ edit ] Shakira performing the song " Whenever Wherever (/wiki/Whenever,_Wherever) " at the 2020 Super Bowl halftime show Shakira's most notable and impactful career move has been her unprecedented crossover success. Shakira's success was a reason for other Latin American artists to attempt crossing over to the American market, one example is Mexican pop star Paulina Rubio (/wiki/Paulina_Rubio) . MTV (/wiki/MTV) asserts that "there's no question that Shakira opened doors in this country for artists like Rubio to succeed." [164] (#cite_note-164) According to Emilio Estefan, he was convinced that the album would be "the biggest crossover made in the history of music. Similarly Spin (/wiki/Spin_(magazine)) credits Shakira to have paved the way for other Latin artists to crossover, naming names like Maluma (/wiki/Maluma_(singer)) and J Balvin (/wiki/J_Balvin) . [165] (#cite_note-165) It is seen that thanks to her album " Laundry Service (/wiki/Laundry_Service_(album)) " Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) was able to forge a path by which several futures Latin artists would follow to reach the international market in a not so complicated way [166] (#cite_note-166) After Shakira's "Laundry Service" the history of music changed or at least how Latinos were represented. Other artists tried to do the same as her such as Fey (/wiki/Fey_(singer)) , Paulina Rubio (/wiki/Paulina_Rubio) , Mónica Naranjo (/wiki/M%C3%B3nica_Naranjo) and Thalía (/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa) , although it was not the same magnitude this showed that not only artists who speak English can be successful. Noting that thanks to Shakira, Latino artists now have a greater space in the international music industry in which prejudice and even racism continue to exist. [167] (#cite_note-167) Thanks to the success of her pre-crossover albums, Shakira was seen as the biggest Latin star ever offered. [146] (#cite_note-:9-146) What tends to happen with Latin artists is that they tend to have one big English-language record or two and then they revert tom making Spanish records... She (Shakira) does a very good job of managing to synergize those two careers. Shakira is competing against iconic female artists and completely standing on her own, but she also has a career in Spanish as well, so she's completely unique in that respect [168] (#cite_note-168) Rob Stringer (/wiki/Rob_Stringer) , Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) , 2009 Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) has noted that Shakira has successfully made it possible to cross-back-over after a successful crossover. This had not been observed in Latin music. In the public's eyes, artists usually become stuck in their previous "selves" before crossing over and losing their initial fanbase/market. Shakira has made the idea of crossing back over to Latin music after commanding the international audience the fact that would inspire future generations. [169] (#cite_note-169) Lyricism [ edit ] See also: Analysis of Shakira's musical work (/wiki/Analysis_of_Shakira%27s_musical_work) In a podcast breakdown of the " 500 Greatest Albums of All Time (/wiki/Rolling_Stone%27s_500_Greatest_Albums_of_All_Time) " according to Rolling Stones (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) magazine, critics claim that Shakira's fourth studio album; The "frank and witty lyrics about love and heartbreak from ¿Dónde Están Los Ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) Inspired a whole generation of women to write their own songs unapologetically," quoting female artists such as Jessie Reyes (/wiki/Jessie_Reyez) and Francisca Valenzuela (/wiki/Francisca_Valenzuela) who went directly influenced by it. Valenzuela explains: "" My way of writing and composing influenced a lot. I liked it a lot. I came across that album, it was an important reference point for all the music that I composed as a teenager and that in the end gave rise to my career. When I was older I discovered other singers, but as a girl that was something that caught my attention, seeing in those songs, insecurities, rages and envies, that verbose debauchery that I felt when I listened to other music in English, or of men or in Literature texts. Suddenly that album kind of left an important mark ". [170] (#cite_note-170) Shakira is the Latin artist with the best vocabulary in lyrics of all time and the fourth overall according to a study carried out on different stars of popular music by the organization "Cliqpod" with an average of 151 unique words per 1,000 words. [171] (#cite_note-171) [172] (#cite_note-172) Dance [ edit ] Shakira in 2011 wearing a bellydance attire She (Shakira) came with the belly dancing era and everybody, like, in Washington Heights, in the Bronx, they wanted to be, like, belly dancers and everything...Even girls that don't speak Spanish, or they don't really know Spanish, they were just, like, belly dancing. It was just, like, a crazy era. Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) , Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) , 2020' [173] (#cite_note-173) I feel so grateful for her existence because she's put belly dance on the map in pop culture at a time where nobody even knew what belly dancing was in Western entertainment. So I really respect that, her fierceness, her sassiness, everything about that. Nora Fatehi (/wiki/Nora_Fatehi) , 2021 [174] (#cite_note-Nora-174) Shakira is noted to have a unique and distinctive dancing style, a combination of Latin dancing with Middle Eastern belly dancing (/wiki/Belly_dancing) , [175] (#cite_note-175) the latter is derived from her Lebanese (/wiki/Lebanese_people) heritage. Shakira is credited with popularizing belly dancing in popular culture (/wiki/Popular_culture) , inspiring many young female artists. Her approach to dancing was much more influential compared to other artists' follow-the-leader style in dance. [176] (#cite_note-176) Shakira often uses her signature movements in music videos which has led for Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) to credit her for having "redefined the role of dancing in music videos" while listing her as the best Latin female music video artist of all time. [177] (#cite_note-dancing_in_music_videos-177) Her hip-shaking has become a cultural phenomenon which is mentioned in a handful of songs such as Fifth Harmony (/wiki/Fifth_Harmony) 's "Brave Honest Beautiful", [178] (#cite_note-178) and Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) 's Me Gusta (/wiki/Me_Gusta_(Anitta_song)) . Her signature hip-shaking moves have become popular dance routines, classes, and contests in North America and the world, these classes and contests are often titled "Shake it like Shakira." [179] (#cite_note-179) [180] (#cite_note-180) The book titled "The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture" by Dwight Reynolds (PhD) Dwight Reynolds Professor of Arabic Language & Literature, by the Cambridge University Press (/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press) notes that Cabaret performers in Cairo (/wiki/Cairo) , Egypt (/wiki/Egypt) have "copied" Shakira's sensational belly-dance looks which are often censored in the country. [40] (#cite_note-Cambridge-40) A publication titled "The Beauty Trade: Youth, Gender, and Fashion Globalization" published by the Oxford University Press (/wiki/Oxford_University_Press) by Angela B. McCracken credits Shakira to having popularized Arabian, Hawaiian, and Tahitian styles of dances which are often "body-centric" and have specific dance attires. [181] (#cite_note-181) According to the media, Shakira at the time of giving a presentation can compete side by side with expert dance artists such as Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) , Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) or Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) since she not only dances and sings, in her concerts they are an authentic audiovisual display that makes it an experience " of MTV Awards (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards) ", noting that her dance brand "Belly Dance" can be compared to the famous Moonwalk (/wiki/Moonwalk_(dance)) . [182] (#cite_note-182) Champeta [ edit ] After the Halftime Show of the Super Bowl 2020 (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV) , the Champeta dance that Shakira performed was a trend on networks like TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) where it became popular under the name of Champeta Challenge with people from different parts of the world moving their feet to the rhythm of Shakira, [183] (#cite_note-183) thanks to this Disney (/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company) was inspired to launch a series inspired by this Colombian dance, in the words of one of the actors in the cast: "After the Super Bowl, Shakira made it more popular and now Disney is doing this series for the world." [184] (#cite_note-184) Fashion [ edit ] Latin fashion [ edit ] At the beginning of her career, Shakira, like many Latin singers at that time, did not have much interest in fashion. [185] (#cite_note-185) According to Vogue España (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Shakira's style during the 90's was described as "rocker with hints of metal." [186] (#cite_note-186) [187] (#cite_note-:27-187) Vogue Mexico , described Shakira's early style as "unique" fashion that mixed the "urban" and "bucolic", highlighting both the ripped pants she used, as well as her cropped garments, which were often in her favorite shade, black. [188] (#cite_note-:111-188) According to journalist Andrea Arzola, Shakira is considered one of the forerunners of the " Peep Toe (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) " shoe trend, being one of the first to use them. [189] (#cite_note-189) 1990 [ edit ] Her looks often consisted of jackets, jeans, shirts, bare feet, and long black hair. [187] (#cite_note-:27-187) Shakira dominated and imposed a trend with her used clothes for her look in youth, later the style used in her lead song from her album "Dónde Están Los Ladrones?" (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) which is considered "traced the aesthetic coordinates of the future". [190] (#cite_note-190) According to the book "The Oxford Encyclopedia of Latinos and Latinas in the United States," Shakira managed to "introduce" another Latino fashion vocabulary with her low-rise leather jeans, leather tank top, and "unique" fashion. [191] (#cite_note-191) 2000 [ edit ] In later years, Shakira would show a great change in image with the release of her crossover album " Laundry Service (/wiki/Laundry_Service_(album)) ." Her hair was the most criticized and noticeable part of her stylistic change. Various people and some journalists criticized Shakira for wanting to "Americanize" and "fit in." with the other pop divas. Her wardrobe also gave a lot to talk about among Latin youth considered an authority in fashion, popularizing her characteristic style. She showed herself with a more punk-inclined wardrobe with garments made of leather and lace. This style would also be widely replicated at its base of fans and young Latinas and in the United States (/wiki/United_States) during the early 2000s, [192] (#cite_note-192) during her interview at a press conference for her first world tour Shakira was asked if she knew the impact she had with her tight-fitting clothing style. Tight thrift store pants, old shirts and funky hats have sparked a style revolution that has spread to youth around the world. [193] (#cite_note-193) In popular culture [ edit ] Several of her costumes that she has worn in videos have become viral costumes that girls and boys wear for events such as Halloween (/wiki/Halloween) , birthdays, etc. Some of her most imitated outfits are those from her video " Las de la intuicion (/wiki/Las_de_la_Intuici%C3%B3n) " with videos appearing on social networks of several teenagers dressed like the singer imitating her in her video. [194] (#cite_note-194) [195] (#cite_note-195) [196] (#cite_note-196) Other of her outfits from music videos that are imitated are those from " Monotonía (/wiki/Monoton%C3%ADa) ", [197] (#cite_note-197) [198] (#cite_note-198) " Sesión 53 (/wiki/Shakira:_Bzrp_Music_Sessions,_Vol._53) " and " Te Felicito (/wiki/Te_Felicito_(Shakira_and_Rauw_Alejandro_song)) ". [199] (#cite_note-199) Middle Eastern fashion [ edit ] Due to Shakira's popularization of belly dancing (/wiki/Belly_dance) and its imagery around the globe, Arabian coin belts which are usually worn as a part of belly dancing attire are commonly referred to as "Shakira Belts." The naming is most common in Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) "Shakira Kemeri". [200] (#cite_note-200) Coin belts were also referred to as "Shakira belts" by Egypt (/wiki/Egypt) 's adviser to minister of tourism (/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism_(Egypt)) which led to controversy in the country because the belts were already popular in the country before Shakira's use of them. The naming was viewed as a "marketing technique" by the Egyptian media. In 2004, Shakira's use of different belts often inspired by different cultures revived the production and trend of belts in the fashion industry. [201] (#cite_note-201) The name Fusion Fashion is a name given to a new trend in fashion in the 2000s that Shakira is credited with introducing due to her distinctive Latin and Middle Eastern aesthetic. [202] (#cite_note-202) [203] (#cite_note-203) Also, thanks to the fusion of aesthetics, it generated a great impact in Middle Eastern countries where Shakira "opened the doors" for record labels like EMI (/wiki/EMI) to give several artists from countries like India the opportunity to work with them. [204] (#cite_note-204) Middle Eastern music visibility [ edit ] Shakira is cited to have popularized Middle Eastern sounds in pop culture and the West. [38] (#cite_note-Correo-38) Her music is known to be a melange of her national Colombian, and Latin American sounds and her ethnic Middle Eastern music. Shakira is noted to have debunked a myth of belly dancing in Hollywood by de-sexualizing it. Usually, belly dancing in Western cultures is a mythologized idea of it being a promiscuous dance surrounded by men. Roxana Hadadi points out that Shakira usually dances alone in non-sexualized settings, and tends to bring forward the "communal attitude of this dance" which she describes it to be "very difficult." [205] (#cite_note-205) The Atlantic Council (/wiki/Atlantic_Council) writes that Shakira's use of Arabian sounds in her music has led to many discussions on cultural diversity and the various cultures that have made America the place it is today. [206] (#cite_note-206) On another note, western artists who make use of Middle Eastern sounds in their music are often compared to Shakira. One example is Celine Dion (/wiki/Celine_Dion) 's Eyes On Me (/wiki/Eyes_on_Me_(Celine_Dion_song)) , the song was heavily compared to Shakira's musical styling by critics, having Nick Levine from Digital Spy describing the styling choice as "Shakira territory." [207] (#cite_note-207) Colombian symbol [ edit ] She is seen as something of a saint in her own country. There are statues to her. Writhing teens love her for putting Latin American dance-music around the world: nuns revere her for building schools for orphans.. Euan Ferguson, The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , 2009' [208] (#cite_note-208) Next to an unfortunate popular link between Colombia (/wiki/Colombia) and Drug lords (/wiki/Drug_lords) , Coffee (/wiki/Coffee) and Shakira remain rather positive links that popularize the country. [209] (#cite_note-209) In an article about Shakira, El Espectador (/wiki/El_Espectador) , with the pen of Dagoberto Páramo Morales, equates Shakira to a "symbol of national identity." Further elaborating that Shakira has successfully managed to "...put Colombia at the top of the artistic world, making it known that Colombians are much more than the corrosive stereotypes with which they have wanted to identify us. We (Colombians) are joy, art, party, culture, sensuality." [210] (#cite_note-210) In an article on Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) Isabella Garces similarly notes that Shakira unified Colombia and that she became a positive symbol instead of the negative association of the country with Pablo Escobar (/wiki/Pablo_Escobar) and drugs. Garces added, "Shakira fueled Colombia's pride. Journalists praised her, politicians saw her as a true example for her generation, and Colombia's national newspaper". [211] (#cite_note-211) In 2021, Shakira was awarded as the "image of Colombia to the world" by the Premios Nuestra Tierra (/wiki/Premios_Nuestra_Tierra) . [212] (#cite_note-212) In late 90s, then president of Colombia, Andrés Pastrana (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Pastrana) hailed Shakira as an "Emblem of a New National Era" for bringing forth a rather positive image to the country despite its "violence-plagued" reality. [213] (#cite_note-213) In 2011, Shakira became the first Colombian artist ever to receive a star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame) . [214] (#cite_note-214) Multiculturalism [ edit ] Shakira is admired by the media for her fusion of rhythms from various countries and cultures. A key factor differentiating Shakira from other artists, which is also a trait considered to have impacted pop culture, is her multiculturalism (/wiki/Multiculturalism) . Her Latin identity fused with her Lebanese heritage has made a lasting impact in America. [215] (#cite_note-215) Her Cross-cultural approach in music has made her one of the few musicians to have a strong fan-base in all corners of the World. Culturs magazine notes that Shakira has a big and diverse fanbase in Latin America (/wiki/Latin_America) , United States (/wiki/United_States) , and places as odd as Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Saudi_Arabia) . Journalist Brook Farely with a background in ethnic studies wrote "She (Shakira) exposes her U.S. listeners to music that is influenced by different cultures other than their own... Shakira's music transcends cultural norms, and takes on a life and personality of its own." [216] (#cite_note-216) In a 2002 article, Bruce Britt from BMI Foundation (/wiki/BMI_Foundation) wrote that Shakira's multicultural influences have helped Shakira to "shake up the pop world. He also added, "If a team of scientists were commissioned to build the perfect pop star, chances are the result would bear a striking resemblance to Colombian singing sensation Shakira." [217] (#cite_note-217) Impact on women [ edit ] In an article about Shakira's not-so-typical pop star looks, Carolina Maldonado from Her Campus (/wiki/Her_Campus) points out Shakira's impact on women and their image. Unlike most pop stars, and despite being "beautiful" and "fierce" Carolina says "Shakira rarely ever straightens her hair or wears makeup when she performs. She is usually not seen wearing heels or super over-the-top outfits. On stage, she is who she is and all of her performances are based on her talent. She doesn't need a bunch of lights, dancers, props, or even a crazy stage to draw and keep the attention of her audience. Her simple performances, in which she is usually barefoot, are a homage to the art of dance. It's just her and her microphone." This has impacted Latin women to rely on their talents and roots rather than looks. [218] (#cite_note-218) Impact on brands [ edit ] According to Google Trends (/wiki/Google_Trends) , after Shakira mentioned multiple brands in her 2023 hit, Shakira: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 53 (/wiki/Shakira:_Bzrp_Music_Sessions,_Vol._53) 's lyrics searches for Twingo (/wiki/Renault_Twingo) and Casio reached five-year highs worldwide, with Launchmetrics data showing that during the first week of the song's release, Casio and Rolex (/wiki/Rolex) gained $70 million and $40.5 million respectively in media exposure across print, online content, and social media. [219] (#cite_note-219) Spanish media dubbed the fiscal impact " El efecto Shakira "; also affecting Ferrari (/wiki/Ferrari) , this company saw its share value rise 2.08% due to the positive mention in the song, while Casio had a 1.87% decrease in value and Renault a 1.45% decrease, with both being mentioned negatively. [220] (#cite_note-220) [221] (#cite_note-221) It soon became noted that the Shakira effect, as a phenomenon of social influence (/wiki/Social_influence) , may have seen the stock values of the brands mentioned negatively decrease, but also saw the social value of the brands increase; social media insights firm Audiense showed that besides social media mentions dramatically increasing for Casio, many of these were positive, including some social media users discussing a nostalgic affection for the brand, provoked by the song. [222] (#cite_note-222) On 23 January, the marketing director of Casio said "thanks to "the Shakira effect," the sales have been spectacular... [and] intense. But the best thing is every day [sales] are much better than last year." [223] (#cite_note-223) Recognitions and titles [ edit ] Appearing on multiple lists throughout her career, Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) has been ranked by various music outlets as "The Greatest Latin Woman of All Time" in music history, based on her sales, cultural impact, legacy, and acclaim. [224] (#cite_note-eonline.com-224) Many critics agree on how she managed to break barriers to position herself on the biggest music charts as a Latin American artist at a time when racism and xenophobia were still strong in foreign territory while Latin rhythms were scarce on the radio. The multicultural magazine "Cultures" named her "The Greatest Latin Artist of All Time" citing all her achievements. [225] (#cite_note-cultursmag.com-225) As well as the magazine " Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) " stated that she was "The best-selling Latin woman in history" with 95 million [226] (#cite_note-226) copies sold to date. [227] (#cite_note-Lopez-227) List of recognitions and titles granted to Shakira Year/Era Publication List of work Ref 2023 Los 40 (/wiki/Los_40) "The Most Significant Latin Artist of All Time" [228] (#cite_note-228) 2022 Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) "Best Selling Female Latin Artist of All Time" [227] (#cite_note-Lopez-227) 2021 Culturs (https://www.cultursmag.com/shakira-greatest-female-latin-artist-of-all-time/) "The Greatest Latin Artist of All Time" [225] (#cite_note-cultursmag.com-225) 2021 E! (/wiki/E!) "The Most Important Latin Artist of All Time" [224] (#cite_note-eonline.com-224) 2021 The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) "The Most Successful Female Latin Artist of All Time" [229] (#cite_note-229) 2021 Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) "The Musical Legend" [230] (#cite_note-230) 2021 The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) "The Titan of Latin Pop" [231] (#cite_note-231) 2021 Stacker (/wiki/DWKI) "The Most Influential Latin Woman of The 21st Century" [232] (#cite_note-232) 2020 Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) "The Best Latin Female Music Video Artist of All Time" [233] (#cite_note-233) 2020 Pitchfork (/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)) "Latin America's Pop Queen" [234] (#cite_note-234) 2020 Pollstar (/wiki/Pollstar) "The highest-grossing Latina female artist of the 21st century" [235] (#cite_note-235) 2020 ET (/wiki/Entertainment_Tonight) "One of The Most Influential Artists of The 21st Century" [236] (#cite_note-236) 2017 Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) "The Pop Legend" [237] (#cite_note-237) 2014 Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) "The Most Popular Person On Earth" [238] (#cite_note-238) 2012 VH1 (/wiki/VH1) "The greatest Latin Woman in Music" [239] (#cite_note-239) 2012 The Sun (/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)) "The Latin Woman Who Will Never Be Forgotten in History" [240] (#cite_note-240) 2011 BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) "The Queen of Latin Music" [241] (#cite_note-241) 2005 The Economist (/wiki/The_Economist) "The Crossover Queen" [242] (#cite_note-242) 2002 Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) "The Biggest Rock Star in Latin America" [243] (#cite_note-243) Academic study [ edit ] Shakira has been analyzed in several academic books (/wiki/Academic_publishing) for her influences from different parts of the world. Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) has been analyzed in numerous academic journals. Within these studies, various media assure that her Lebanese ancestry with her Latin nationality makes her possess a multiculturality that at the same time makes her a phenomenon within the industry since she is capable of mixing diverse cultures and fusing them in an excellent way both in music and outside of it. [244] (#cite_note-244) [245] (#cite_note-245) [246] (#cite_note-246) also mentioning the lyrics of her songs such as " Pies Descalzos, sueños blancos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos,_Sue%C3%B1os_Blancos) ", " Octavo Día (/wiki/Octavo_D%C3%ADa) ", " How do you do (/wiki/Oral_Fixation,_Vol._2) " and more are seen from a philosophical (/wiki/Philosophy) point of view, [247] (#cite_note-247) [248] (#cite_note-248) [249] (#cite_note-249) several other of her songs such as She Wolf (/wiki/She_Wolf_(Shakira_song)) , No (/wiki/No_(Shakira_song)) , No creo (/wiki/No_Creo) and Te Necesito (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) have shown a great knowledge of the different philosophical currents in the history of mankind and her music is a reflection of this, her name is taken as an example of a powerful brand in the world by various universities. [250] (#cite_note-250) The book "Musical imagiNation: U.S. "Colombian identity and the Latin music boom" discusses the creative work and media personas of talented Colombian artists like Shakira. [251] (#cite_note-251) In almost all of her music videos her cultural background is present, however, she does add her own personal style. This is a great example of how her music has become so popular throughout her career. In conclusion, Shakira has been a very successful Hispanic singer and dancer. Shakira has also influenced the world with music while using her culture to spice things up. She has done this a countless amount of times and is still very popular today. [252] (#cite_note-252) Currently the work and cultural impact of Shakira is used by several students in various universities in Latin America or more foreign countries using its success in the world without losing its essence and Latin roots, one of the most popular topics. Other popular topics are how the name Shakira has become a millionaire and a giant brand in the entertainment industry, in the same way, essays are made about Shakira and the representation of women throughout the planet, strongly associating it with the feminist idea. [253] (#cite_note-253) Her songs, especially from her first albums, are studied for hidden messages that can be found, be it criticism or point of view about a subject without supporting or being against it. [254] (#cite_note-254) After Shakira performed the 2020 Super Bowl performance, she received acclaim from various media for her incorporation of Latin sounds and dances, some expressing that "her halftime show performance deserved a standing ovation due to the various cultural tributes" and even reaching to state that "Shakira's set of songs will be a great cultural study for years to come". [255] (#cite_note-255) After a week of Shakira: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 53 (/wiki/Shakira:_Bzrp_Music_Sessions,_Vol._53) release, the track was part of a study at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (/wiki/National_Autonomous_University_of_Mexico) as a subject of analysis by gender studies experts. Educators studied the symbolism in its lyrics from the point of view of gender violence. [256] (#cite_note-256) The University of Oxford (/wiki/University_of_Oxford) made official the inclusion of Shakira as a mandatory bibliography within the history major in the topics of " Latin Studies (/wiki/Latino_studies) ", making her the only and first Latin musical artist to appear with an article in the research database in the history of the university. [257] (#cite_note-257) [258] (#cite_note-258) Artists inspired by Shakira [ edit ] Several artists have been influenced by Shakira (from left to right) Beyonce (/wiki/Beyonce) [259] (#cite_note-259) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) , [260] (#cite_note-260) Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) [261] (#cite_note-261) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) [262] (#cite_note-262) and Lauren Jauregui (/wiki/Lauren_Jauregui) [263] (#cite_note-263) have expressed their admiration for Shakira in various interviews. Shakira has been named as an inspiration by various artists. The list includes notable names: Beyonce (/wiki/Beyonce) [264] (#cite_note-264) Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) [265] (#cite_note-265) Lauren Jauregui (/wiki/Lauren_Jauregui) [266] (#cite_note-266) Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) [267] (#cite_note-267) Maluma (/wiki/Maluma_(singer)) [268] (#cite_note-268) Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) [269] (#cite_note-hola-269) Natti Natasha (/wiki/Natti_Natasha) [270] (#cite_note-270) Kali Uchis (/wiki/Kali_Uchis) [271] (#cite_note-gq.com.mx-271) Camilo (/wiki/Camilo_(singer)) [272] (#cite_note-lakalle.bluradio.com-272) Lele Pons (/wiki/Lele_Pons) [273] (#cite_note-273) Nicky Jam (/wiki/Nicky_Jam) [274] (#cite_note-274) Prince Royce (/wiki/Prince_Royce) [275] (#cite_note-Villa-275) Andres Cuervo (/wiki/Andres_Cuervo) [276] (#cite_note-276) Rosalía (/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_(singer)) [277] (#cite_note-mdzol.com-277) Belinda (/wiki/Belinda_Peregr%C3%ADn) [278] (#cite_note-278) J Balvin (/wiki/J_Balvin) [279] (#cite_note-279) Camila Cabello (/wiki/Camila_Cabello) [280] (#cite_note-280) Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) [281] (#cite_note-281) Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) [282] (#cite_note-282) Becky G (/wiki/Becky_G) [283] (#cite_note-283) Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) [284] (#cite_note-284) Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) [285] (#cite_note-colombiareports-285) Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) [286] (#cite_note-Colombia-286) Kylie Jenner (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) [287] (#cite_note-laverdadnoticias.com-287) Sean Paul (/wiki/Sean_Paul) [288] (#cite_note-Caribe-288) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) [289] (#cite_note-289) Natalia Lafourcade (/wiki/Natalia_Lafourcade) [290] (#cite_note-Natalia_Lafourcade_en_su_mundo-290) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) [291] (#cite_note-291) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [292] (#cite_note-292) Lin Manuel (/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda) [293] (#cite_note-293) Brie Larson (/wiki/Brie_Larson) [294] (#cite_note-294) Joaquina (/wiki/Joaquina_(singer-songwriter)) [295] (#cite_note-295) Will.i.am (/wiki/Will.i.am) [296] (#cite_note-296) Farina (/wiki/Farina_(singer)) [297] (#cite_note-297) Pitbull (/wiki/Pitbull_(rapper)) [298] (#cite_note-298) Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) [299] (#cite_note-299) Anuel AA (/wiki/Anuel_AA) [300] (#cite_note-300) Manuel Turizo (/wiki/Manuel_Turizo) [301] (#cite_note-301) Mon Laferte (/wiki/Mon_Laferte) [302] (#cite_note-302) Sofía Reyes (/wiki/Sof%C3%ADa_Reyes) [303] (#cite_note-303) Carla Morrison (/wiki/Carla_Morrison) [304] (#cite_note-milenio.com-304) Samira Said (/wiki/Samira_Said) [305] (#cite_note-Hammond_2007-305) Nawal El Zoghbi (/wiki/Nawal_El_Zoghbi) [305] (#cite_note-Hammond_2007-305) Dulce María (/wiki/Dulce_Mar%C3%ADa) [306] (#cite_note-generaccion.com-306) Tini Stoessel (/wiki/Tini_(singer)) [307] (#cite_note-307) Flo Milli (/wiki/Flo_Milli) [308] (#cite_note-308) Vanness Wu (/wiki/Vanness_Wu) [309] (#cite_note-309) Li Yuchun (/wiki/Li_Yuchun) [310] (#cite_note-310) Gale (/wiki/GALE_(singer)) [311] (#cite_note-sonymusiclatin.com-311) Paloma Mami (/wiki/Paloma_Mami) [312] (#cite_note-312) Francisca Valenzuela (/wiki/Francisca_Valenzuela) [313] (#cite_note-Culto-313) Elena Rose (/wiki/Elena_Rose) [314] (#cite_note-314) Maria Becerra (/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Becerra) [315] (#cite_note-315) Juan Luis Guerra (/wiki/Juan_Luis_Guerra) [316] (#cite_note-316) Grupo Frontera (/wiki/Grupo_Frontera) [317] (#cite_note-317) Greecy (/wiki/Greeicy) [130] (#cite_note-:8-130) Pedro Capo (/wiki/Pedro_Cap%C3%B3) [318] (#cite_note-318) Ayra Starr (/wiki/Ayra_Starr) [319] (#cite_note-319) Sasha Keable (/wiki/Sasha_Keable) [320] (#cite_note-320) Romeo Santos (/wiki/Romeo_Santos) [321] (#cite_note-moda.com.pe-321) Wendy Sulca (/wiki/Wendy_Sulca) [322] (#cite_note-322) Ibeyi (/wiki/Ibeyi) [323] (#cite_note-323) Lola Índigo (/wiki/Lola_%C3%8Dndigo) [324] (#cite_note-324) Bad Gyal (/wiki/Bad_Gyal) [325] (#cite_note-325) Rachel Zegler (/wiki/Rachel_Zegler) [326] (#cite_note-:26-326) Gabby Douglas (/wiki/Gabby_Douglas) [327] (#cite_note-327) Jessie Reyez (/wiki/Jessie_Reyez) [328] (#cite_note-328) Nora Fatehi (/wiki/Nora_Fatehi) [174] (#cite_note-Nora-174) Young Miko (/wiki/Young_Miko) [329] (#cite_note-329) Kenia OS (/wiki/Kenia_Os) [330] (#cite_note-330) Chanel Terrero (/wiki/Chanel_Terrero) [331] (#cite_note-331) Lali Esposito (/wiki/Lali_Esp%C3%B3sito) [332] (#cite_note-332) Paty Cantú (/wiki/Paty_Cant%C3%BA) [333] (#cite_note-333) Danna Paola (/wiki/Danna_Paola) [334] (#cite_note-334) Emilia Mernes (/wiki/Emilia_Mernes) [335] (#cite_note-335) Sebastian Yatra (/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Yatra) [336] (#cite_note-336) Salma Hayek (/wiki/Salma_Hayek) [337] (#cite_note-337) Rita Ora (/wiki/Rita_Ora) [338] (#cite_note-338) Simone & Simaria (/wiki/Simone_%26_Simaria) [339] (#cite_note-339) Bizarrap (/wiki/Bizarrap) [340] (#cite_note-340) BoA (/wiki/BoA) [341] (#cite_note-:25-341) Nina Sky (/wiki/Nina_Sky) [341] (#cite_note-:25-341) Prima J (/wiki/Prima_J) [341] (#cite_note-:25-341) Greeicy Rendon (/wiki/Greeicy) [342] (#cite_note-342) Nathy Peluso (/wiki/Nathy_Peluso) [343] (#cite_note-343) Ana Mena (/wiki/Ana_Mena) [344] (#cite_note-344) Nacho (/wiki/Nacho_(singer)) [345] (#cite_note-345) Shang Wenjie (/wiki/Shang_Wenjie) [346] (#cite_note-346) Shakira for us in Colombia and I think in the entire Latin industry, she's one of the most important singers in the world because she's been able to crossover. She speaks and sings in English and Spanish, so she has everything. She also has three songs in the World Cup. I want to do that in the future—I want to be a legend, not just a singer. A legend. Somebody that you can remember forever. Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) , 2019' [269] (#cite_note-hola-269) "For me, Shakira is like Beyoncé or Madonna, when I received her call saying that she liked my style and that she had a song to launch me, I couldn't believe it, I was paralyzed and my girlfriend (Rosalía) was also very happy for me" Rauw Alejandro (/wiki/Rauw_Alejandro) , 2022' [347] (#cite_note-347) Shakira has also received the admiration of various artists such as: Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) , [348] (#cite_note-348) Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , [349] (#cite_note-349) Momoland (/wiki/Momoland) , [350] (#cite_note-350) Itzy (/wiki/Itzy) , [351] (#cite_note-351) Black M (/wiki/Black_M) , [352] (#cite_note-352) Daddy Yankee (/wiki/Daddy_Yankee) , [353] (#cite_note-353) Norah Jones (/wiki/Norah_Jones) , [354] (#cite_note-354) Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) , [355] (#cite_note-355) Chayanne (/wiki/Chayanne) , [356] (#cite_note-356) Chris Evans (/wiki/Chris_Evans_(actor)) , [357] (#cite_note-357) Celine Dion (/wiki/Celine_Dion) , Coldplay (/wiki/Coldplay) , Kesha (/wiki/Kesha) , [358] (#cite_note-358) Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) , [359] (#cite_note-359) Kings of Leon (/wiki/Kings_of_Leon) and writers. like Nobel Prize (/wiki/Nobel_Prize) winner Gabriel García Márquez (/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez) who has exclaimed that "no one of any age can sing or dance with the innocent sensuality that Shakira seems to have invented". [360] (#cite_note-360) Many artists, celebrities and politicians have also attended Shakira's concerts, such as: Yoshiki (/wiki/Yoshiki_(musician)) , Hiroshi Mikitani (/wiki/Hiroshi_Mikitani) , [361] (#cite_note-361) Ayumi Hamasaki (/wiki/Ayumi_Hamasaki) , Namie Amuro (/wiki/Namie_Amuro) , [362] (#cite_note-362) Rupert Grint (/wiki/Rupert_Grint) and Emma Watson (/wiki/Emma_Watson) , [363] (#cite_note-363) Felipe Calderon (/wiki/Felipe_Calderon) , [364] (#cite_note-364) Juan Manuel Santos (/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos) , Michelle Bachelet (/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet) , Queen Rania of Jordan (/wiki/Queen_Rania_of_Jordan) , Jim Carrey (/wiki/Jim_Carrey) [365] (#cite_note-365) Sebastián Piñera (/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Pi%C3%B1era) , [366] (#cite_note-366) Rafael Nadal (/wiki/Rafael_Nadal) , [367] (#cite_note-367) King Felipe (/wiki/Felipe_VI) and Queen Letizia of Spain (/wiki/Queen_Letizia_of_Spain) and more. Shakira has also received the admiration of intellectuals and writers such as Nobel Prize (/wiki/Nobel_Prize) winner Gabriel García Márquez (/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez) who has exclaimed that "No one of any age can sing or dance with the innocent sensuality Shakira seems to have invented". Achievements [ edit ] See also: List of Shakira records and achievements (/wiki/List_of_Shakira_records_and_achievements) Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) since the beginning of her career has achieved innumerable achievements for a Latin artist in world territory. Thanks to its successful crossover Laundry Service in 2001 it managed to further establish itself and reach a global audience. [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) What it was worth until today, being a pioneer in various never-before-seen acts and achievements for a Latin and South American (/wiki/South_America) person. Among her most staked achievements can be seen the introduction of Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) among the main media, [368] (#cite_note-368) such as being the first South American artist to place a song No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) and helping the Latin explosion with Gloria Estefan (/wiki/Gloria_Estefan) with Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) . [369] (#cite_note-369) Shakira became the first artist to perform a song entirely in Spanish at the MTV awards with her song La Tortura in 2005. [370] (#cite_note-370) She owns the most successful crossover in history thanks to her album Laundry Service. [371] (#cite_note-371) She was the first Latina artist in history to be nominated for the Brit Awards (/wiki/Brit_Awards) , Bambi Awards (/wiki/Bambi_Award) and NRJ awards (/wiki/NRJ_Music_Award) . [372] (#cite_note-372) [373] (#cite_note-373) [374] (#cite_note-374) She is the best-selling Latin female artist in history with 80 million records sold. [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) She is the overall Latin American artist with the most awards of all time. [375] (#cite_note-375) In 1999, Shakira's MTV Unplugged became the first episode of the show to be broadcast entirely in Spanish. [376] (#cite_note-376) Shakira's "Whenever Wherever" music video airs on MTV with the English and Spanish versions being the first time this has happened. [377] (#cite_note-377) Shakira became the first South American artist to top the Billboard Hot 100 chart thanks to her hit Hips don't lie. [378] (#cite_note-378) Social impact [ edit ] Shakira's influence exceeds the boundaries of pop culture, she has become a socio-political influencer, and was named as one of the "World's Greatest Leaders" of 2017 by Fortune Magazine (/wiki/Fortune_Magazine) . [379] (#cite_note-379) Shakira in 2017 at the World Economic Forum (/wiki/World_Economic_Forum) where she was awarded with the Crystal Award for her efforts and impact in education Education [ edit ] See also: Pies Descalzos Foundation (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos_Foundation) Shakira sings the Colombian anthem at the start of the Summit of the Americas (/wiki/Summit_of_the_Americas) in Cartagena, Colombia. Shakira has been an advocate for change with a lasting impact on Colombia's education sector. Named an "education champion," [380] (#cite_note-380) Shakira has campaigned and persuaded the Colombian, Latin American governments, and the World Bank to invest in Education. [381] (#cite_note-381) In 2008, she served as the Honorary Chair of the Global Campaign for Education (/wiki/Global_Campaign_for_Education) Global Action Week. Later, in 2010, she collaborated with the World Bank (/wiki/World_Bank) and the Barefoot Foundation to establish an initiative that distributes educational and developmental programs for children across Latin America. In 2011, she was appointed by President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) to the President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics (/wiki/White_House_Initiative_on_Educational_Excellence_for_Hispanics) . [382] (#cite_note-382) The World Literacy Foundation (/wiki/World_Literacy_Foundation) announced Shakira as the recipient of the 2020 Global Literacy Award for "her significant contribution to the improvement of literacy for disadvantaged children around the world." [383] (#cite_note-383) In 2021, El Tiempo (/wiki/El_Tiempo_(Colombia)) columnist; Juan Esteban Constaín argued that Shakira has contributed to Colombia's welfare specifically in the education sector more than the country's "corrupt" political system. [384] (#cite_note-384) In 2016, Shakira's Pies Descalzos Foundation (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos_Foundation) school in Barranquilla (/wiki/Barranquilla) was named the number one public school in Colombia. [385] (#cite_note-385) Because of her well-observed impact on music and education, Shakira is a common guest speaker at the world's most elite and leading universities. Shakira was received as a guest speaker at Oxford Union (/wiki/Oxford_Union) in Oxford University (/wiki/Oxford_University) to speak on her trajectory as a philanthropist and her key learnings throughout her decades of work in providing quality education to Colombia and Latin America's most vulnerable kids. [386] (#cite_note-386) Similarly Shakira was invited to Harvard University (/wiki/Harvard_University) by the Harvard Foundation to share her experience in the education field. The same day she was honored as the "Artist of the Year" for her contributions and approach in rhythmic-cultural music and philanthropy. [387] (#cite_note-387) Feminism in Spain [ edit ] During the march on International Women's Day (/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day) , 2023, former minister Izkia Siches (/wiki/Izkia_Siches) declared that Shakira had "led the march" while a British journalist commented that there were Shakira masks selling very well, various posters with phrases from Shakira songs such as "She Wolf" and "Out of your league", while the latter was played with several girls singing it throughout the day. [388] (#cite_note-388) However, in Spain, the treasury would have fined all the women who carried posters with Shakira's phrases during the march. [389] (#cite_note-389) Political impact [ edit ] From her philanthropy to her ability to influence world leaders, it seems like there's nothing Shakira can't do. Erynn Ruiz [37] (#cite_note-Things-37) Shakira in 2007 with U.S. senator Bob Menendez (/wiki/Bob_Menendez) The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) has described Shakira as a "living proof that pop and politics mix" further noting that through her efforts and influence she is one of the few celebrities who truly has "the ears of the global political elite". [390] (#cite_note-390) Shakira has closely worked with notable politicians like U.S. Presidents, Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) and Bill Clinton (/wiki/Bill_Clinton) , [391] (#cite_note-391) U.K Prime Minister, Gordon Brown (/wiki/Gordon_Brown) , [392] (#cite_note-392) Qatari royal consort, Sheikha Moza Bint Nasser (/wiki/Moza_Bint_Nasser) , [393] (#cite_note-393) Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge) . [394] (#cite_note-394) [395] (#cite_note-395) Israeli President Shimon Peres (/wiki/Shimon_Peres) , and former U.K Prime Minister Tony Blair (/wiki/Tony_Blair) . [396] (#cite_note-396) Successfully persuading all to contribute higher investments on global education with a specific focus on ECE in Colombia and Latin America. As a key figure in Latin America, Shakira joined participating members like President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) and 30 other world leaders at the 6th Summit of the Americas (/wiki/6th_Summit_of_the_Americas) and brought forward the discussion of early childhood education (/wiki/Early_childhood_education) for the first time in the summits' history. [397] (#cite_note-397) In 2011, Shakira was appointed by President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) to his White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanics (/wiki/White_House_Initiative_on_Educational_Excellence_for_Hispanics) . Her role as "President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics" was in the merit of her extensive promotion of early childhood education (/wiki/Early_childhood_education) in Latin America. [398] (#cite_note-398) Depictions and Tributes [ edit ] Shakira's first statue in Barranquilla, Colombia In 2006, a six-tonne (6.6-short-ton), 5-metre-tall (16 ft) statue of Shakira; Escultura de Shakira designed by the German artist Dieter Patt was installed in Shakira's hometown Barranquilla (/wiki/Barranquilla) in the park near Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez (/wiki/Estadio_Metropolitano_Roberto_Mel%C3%A9ndez) . [399] (#cite_note-399) On September 29, 2023 for the 25th anniversary of her album " ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? (/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F) ", the first "Shakira Day" was held, a campaign promoted by Spotify Colombia. [400] (#cite_note-400) In 2024 "Jubileo", one of the largest electronic party producers in Latin America, honored Shakira at Latin American Pride (/wiki/LGBT) with the collaboration of more than 20 producers from all over Latin America. [401] (#cite_note-401) On 6 December 2006, Shakira received the key to Miami (/wiki/Miami) , the honour was presented to her by Mayor Manny Díaz (/wiki/Manny_Diaz_(Florida_politician)) for her "global representation of Latinos". [402] (#cite_note-402) The day was declared as "Shakira Day" in the city. [403] (#cite_note-403) In July 2018, The Cedars Reserve in Shakira's ancestral hometown Tannourine (/wiki/Tannourine) , Lebanon (/wiki/Lebanon) named one of its squares after Shakira. The square holds the name "Shakira Isabelle Mebarak" [404] (#cite_note-404) In December 2023, the mayor of Barranquilla (/wiki/Barranquilla) , Jaime Pumarejo (/wiki/Jaime_Pumarejo) unveiled a second 6.5 m (21 ft) tall, bronze statue of Shakira (/wiki/Shakira_statue) on the Gran Malecon de Barranquilla. The statue honors her contributions to music, Colombian representation worldwide, and her humanitarian efforts in the country. [405] (#cite_note-405) See also [ edit ] List of Shakira concerts (/wiki/List_of_Shakira_concerts) Shakira as a feminist icon (/wiki/Shakira_as_a_feminist_icon) Shakira live performances (/wiki/Shakira_live_performances) List of awards and nominations received by Shakira (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Shakira) Shakira discography (/wiki/Shakira_discography) Shakira videography (/wiki/Shakira_videography) List of songs recorded by Shakira (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Shakira) Bibliography of works on Shakira (/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_Shakira) List of cover versions of Shakira songs (/wiki/List_of_cover_versions_of_Shakira_songs) Shakira impersonator (/wiki/Shakira_impersonator) Shakira Fandom (/wiki/Shakira_Fandom) Fashion of Shakira (/wiki/Fashion_of_Shakira) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-:12_1-0) " (https://www.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN29I1F4) 'Queen of Latin Music' Shakira tunes in to trend of selling music rights" (https://www.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN29I1F4) . Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) . 13 January 2021 . Retrieved April 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Piper-Shimizu, Stephane (2017-09-26). "Shakira" (https://variety.com/exec/shakira/) . Variety . Retrieved 2024-04-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-:7_3-0) Cobo, Leila (2023-04-24). "Shakira Is Billboard's First-Ever 'Latin Woman of the Year' (https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/shakira-billboard-latin-woman-of-the-year-1235313382/) " (https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/shakira-billboard-latin-woman-of-the-year-1235313382/) . Billboard . Retrieved 2023-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_4-0) Savage, Mark (13 January 2021). "Shakira is the latest star to sell the rights to her songs" (https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-55645178) . BBC (/wiki/BBC) . Retrieved 13 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-:29_5-0) Lopez, Julyssa (2021-12-21). " (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/shakira-donde-estan-los-ladrones-500-greatest-albums-podcast-1271135/) '500 Greatest Albums' Podcast: How Shakira Reshaped Latin Pop" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/shakira-donde-estan-los-ladrones-500-greatest-albums-podcast-1271135/) . Rolling Stone . Retrieved 2021-12-22 . ^ a b c "Powerful Women 2020" (https://forbes.co/2020/09/03/mujeres-poderosas-2020/mujeres-poderosas-shakira/amp/?__twitter_impression=true) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) Colombia . Retrieved 7 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-:6_7-0) "El estilo de Shakira" (https://www.vogue.es/celebrities/galerias/estilo-shakira-looks) . Vogue España (in European Spanish). 2022-06-30 . Retrieved 2022-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Así ha cambiado Shakira: Desde 'Pies descalzos' hasta su ruptura con Gerard Piqué" (https://www.lavanguardia.com/gente/20220607/8319307/asi-cambiado-shakira-pies-descalzos-ruptura-gerard-pique-asc-gnt.html) . La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2022-06-07 . Retrieved 2022-06-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "20 años de Laundry Service: 20 fans a los que este disco de Shakira les marcó la vida – E! Online Latino" (https://www.eonline.com/mx/news/1309565/20-anos-de-laundry-service-20-fans-a-los-que-este-disco-de-shakira-les-marco-la-vida) . E! Online . 2021-11-12 . Retrieved 2021-11-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-:14_10-0) "¿Lo sabías? Shakira estudió en la Universidad de California y nadie la reconoció – Milenio" (https://www.milenio.com/espectaculos/eu-shakira-estudio-semestre-universidad-california) . Milenio . 2022-02-11 . Retrieved 2022-02-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-:15_11-0) "Shakira Drops New Single 'Don't Wait Up' (https://musicfeeds.com.au/news/shakira-drops-new-single-dont-wait-up/) " (https://musicfeeds.com.au/news/shakira-drops-new-single-dont-wait-up/) . Music Feeds . 2021-07-16 . Retrieved 2021-08-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Semana (2023-05-01). " (https://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/millones-se-sintieron-identificados-con-el-dolor-de-shakira-leila-cobo-de-billboard-explica-por-que-la-colombiana-es-la-mujer-del-ano/202338/) "Millones se sintieron identificados con el dolor de Shakira": Leila Cobo, de Billboard, explica por qué la colombiana es la Mujer del Año" (https://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/millones-se-sintieron-identificados-con-el-dolor-de-shakira-leila-cobo-de-billboard-explica-por-que-la-colombiana-es-la-mujer-del-ano/202338/) . Semana.com Últimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo (in Spanish) . Retrieved 2023-05-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Ricaurte, Ana Bejarano. "LA GRAN COLOMBIANA – Ana Bejarano Ricaurte | Los Danieles" (https://cambiocolombia.com/opinion/los-danieles/la-gran-colombiana) . cambiocolombia.com (in Spanish) . 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" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/02/03/shakira-tongue-superbowl/) 'It's not a turkey call': The cultural significance behind Shakira's meme-worthy 'tongue thing' at the Super Bowl" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/02/03/shakira-tongue-superbowl/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Retrieved November 26, 2022 . ^ a b Diego, Ximena (2001). Shakira: mujer llena de gracia . New York: Libros en Español. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-7432-1599-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 47201284 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47201284) . ^ (#cite_ref-112) Williams, Zella (2011). Shakira: star singer . New York: PowerKids Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4488-1457-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 522429231 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/522429231) . ^ (#cite_ref-113) Salvador, Reyes (2012). Shakira, así es su vida . Barcelona: Libros Cúpula. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-84-480-6996-4 . 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El Universal (/wiki/El_Universal_(Mexico_City)) . Retrieved 20 July 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-404) "Shakira leaves her mark in hometown of Tannourine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181219000808/https://en.annahar.com/article/831443-shakira-joins-the-cedars-in-her-hometown-tannourine) . An-Nahar (/wiki/An-Nahar) . 13 July 2018. Archived from the original (https://en.annahar.com/article/831443-shakira-joins-the-cedars-in-her-hometown-tannourine) on 19 December 2018 . Retrieved 20 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-405) "A Statue's Hips Don't Lie: Shakira Is Honored in Her Hometown" (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/27/world/americas/shakira-statue-colombia-barranquilla.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved January 10, 2024 . v t e Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) Discography (/wiki/Shakira_discography) Videography (/wiki/Shakira_videography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Shakira) Concerts (/wiki/List_of_Shakira_concerts) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Shakira) Records and achievements (/wiki/List_of_Shakira_records_and_achievements) Studio albums Magia (/wiki/Magia_(Shakira_album)) Peligro (/wiki/Peligro_(Shakira_album)) Pies Descalzos (/wiki/Pies_Descalzos) Dónde Están los Ladrones? 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Dress worn by Gwyneth Paltrow to the 71st Academy Awards in 1999 Pink Ralph Lauren dress of Gwyneth Paltrow Designer Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) Year 1999 ( 1999 ) Type Pink dress The pink Ralph Lauren dress of Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) was designed by Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) and worn to the 71st Academy Awards (/wiki/71st_Academy_Awards) on 21 March 1999 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion (/wiki/Dorothy_Chandler_Pavilion) in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . The dress received mixed reviews [1] (#cite_note-Independent-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) and the style was compared to that of the actress Grace Kelly (/wiki/Grace_Kelly) . [3] (#cite_note-3) The dress was widely copied after the event, and Paltrow was credited for bringing pink back into fashion. [4] (#cite_note-GaleKaur2004-4) Design [ edit ] The actress was accompanied to the event by her parents. Paltrow received an Academy Award for Best Actress (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress) for her portrayal of Viola De Lesseps in the film Shakespeare in Love (/wiki/Shakespeare_in_Love) . [5] (#cite_note-5) The soft pink gown designed by Ralph Lauren was made of taffeta, and has a relatively simple design. The dress has a long, wide skirt and a bodice with straps and V-shaped neckline; a scarf of the same color was tied to it. Ralph Lauren adapted the dress from a pink taffeta skirt that Paltrow wanted to wear from a Ralph Lauren lookbook (/wiki/Lookbook) . [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) With her dress, Paltrow wore pink Manolo Blahnik (/wiki/Manolo_Blahnik) strappy sandals and Harry Winston (/wiki/Harry_Winston) jewelry: a diamond necklace, bracelet and earrings valued at around $160,000. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her father, Bruce Paltrow (/wiki/Bruce_Paltrow) , purchased the jewelry for her as a present after she won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Gwyneth Paltrow later wore the jewelry, in her father's memory, at her 2018 wedding to Brad Falchuk (/wiki/Brad_Falchuk) . [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) Reception [ edit ] Fashion critics were initially divided in opinion regarding Paltrow's choice of dress. [8] (#cite_note-Time-8) TV Guide.com tells how one critic described the actress as "a Barbie doll wrapped in a satin ribbon." [9] (#cite_note-About-9) One commentator called it "incongruous with the current fashion", but "suitable Gwyneth Paltrow". [10] (#cite_note-10) The actress revived the fashion of pale pink and her selection of Ralph Lauren proved to be well received by the public and was widely emulated. [8] (#cite_note-Time-8) An owner of a teen apparel boutique in Westport, Connecticut (/wiki/Westport,_Connecticut) remarked, "The year before, I wouldn't have even looked at anything pink. It would have reminded my customers of when they were little girls. Paltrow made the color cool. And Paltrow's Oscar dress turned into the number one prom dress style of the year thanks to ABS and Allen Schwartz, who is famous for making low-priced copies of Oscar dresses." [4] (#cite_note-GaleKaur2004-4) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Independent_1-0) Frankel, Susannah (16 February 2009). "Oscar's best-dressed friends" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/oscars-bestdressed-friends-the-most-memorable-fashion-winners-and-losers-1622657.html?action=Gallery&ino=2) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . London . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Gwyneth Paltrow's Iconic Style" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/fashion-articles/gwyneth-paltrow-style-0510) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . 9 April 2010 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Gwyneth Paltrow Oscar Diamond Studded Collar Necklace Set" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110903085818/http://www.glamforless.com/12863.html) . GlamForLess . Archived from the original (http://www.glamforless.com/12863.html) on 3 September 2011 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b Gale, Colin; Kaur, Jasbir (2004). Fashion and textiles: an overview . Berg Publishers. p. 78 (https://archive.org/details/fashiontextileso0000gale/page/78) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-85973-818-4 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Gwyneth Paltrow; Ralph Lauren" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110122002202/http://www.life.com/image/50719914) . LIFE (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.life.com/image/50719914) on 22 January 2011 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b Gwyneth Paltrow Breaks Down 13 Looks From 1995 to Now | Life in Looks | Vogue , retrieved 2021-05-03 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Reeve., Chace (2003). The complete book of Oscar fashion : Variety's 75 years of glamour on the red carpet . New York, NY: Reed Press. p. 166. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1594290016 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 53233868 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53233868) . ^ Jump up to: a b "The 25 Best and Worst Oscar Gowns of All-TIME" (http://entertainment.time.com/2011/02/22/the-25-best-and-worst-oscar-gowns-of-all-time/) . TIME (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-About_9-0) "Celebration of Oscar Fashion: Gwyneth Paltrow in Pink Oscar Dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110928182445/http://fashion.about.com/od/celebawardsshows/ig/Celebration-of-Oscar-Fashion/Gwyneth-Paltrow-in-Pink-Dress.htm) . About.com (/wiki/About.com) . Archived from the original (http://fashion.about.com/od/celebawardsshows/ig/Celebration-of-Oscar-Fashion/Gwyneth-Paltrow-in-Pink-Dress.htm) on 28 September 2011 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Top 10 all time Best Oscar dresses" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110301045245/http://www.handbag.com/fashion/celebrity/pictures/top-10-all-time-best-oscar-dresses-95410) . Handbag.com. Archived from the original (http://www.handbag.com/fashion/celebrity/pictures/top-10-all-time-best-oscar-dresses-95410) on 1 March 2011 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . v t e Notable red carpet outfits (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) 1950s White floral Givenchy dress (/wiki/White_floral_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) ( Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , 1954) 1990s Red Versace dress (/wiki/Red_Versace_dress_of_Cindy_Crawford) ( Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , 1991) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley) ( Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) , 1994) Lavender Prada dress (/wiki/Lavender_Prada_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 1995) American Express Gold card dress (/wiki/American_Express_Gold_card_dress_of_Lizzy_Gardiner) ( Lizzy Gardiner (/wiki/Lizzy_Gardiner) , 1995) Chartreuse Dior dress (/wiki/Chartreuse_Dior_dress_of_Nicole_Kidman) ( Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , 1997) Pink Ralph Lauren dress ( Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) , 1999) 2000s Early Green Versace dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) ( Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , 2000) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 2000) Black and white Valentino dress (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) ( Julia Roberts (/wiki/Julia_Roberts) , 2001) Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) ( Björk (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk) , 2001) Elie Saab net dress (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) ( Halle Berry (/wiki/Halle_Berry) , 2002) Red Ben de Lisi dress (/wiki/Red_Ben_de_Lisi_dress_of_Kate_Winslet) ( Kate Winslet (/wiki/Kate_Winslet) , 2002) Red Tarvydas dress (/wiki/Red_Tarvydas_dress_of_Rebecca_Twigley) ( Rebecca Twigley (/wiki/Rebecca_Judd) , 2004) White Marc Bouwer dress (/wiki/White_Marc_Bouwer_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2004) Late Navy blue Guy Laroche dress (/wiki/Navy_blue_Guy_Laroche_dress_of_Hilary_Swank) ( Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) , 2005) Yellow Valentino dress (/wiki/Yellow_Valentino_dress_of_Cate_Blanchett) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2005) Plum Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) ( Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , 2006) Saffron Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) ( Michelle Williams (/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)) , 2006) Pink feathered Versace dress (/wiki/Pink_feathered_Versace_dress_of_Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) ( Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) , 2007) Swarovski crystal mesh Armani dress (/wiki/Swarovski_crystal_mesh_Armani_Priv%C3%A9_gown) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2007) Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) ( Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , 2008) 2010s Meat dress (/wiki/Meat_dress_of_Lady_Gaga) ( Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , 2010) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2012) Blue Prada dress (/wiki/Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o) ( Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) , 2014) Black Christian Siriano tuxedo gown (/wiki/Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) ( Billy Porter (/wiki/Billy_Porter_(actor)) , 2019) 2020s Autograph suit (/wiki/Autograph_suit_of_Sandy_Powell) ( Sandy Powell (/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)) , 2020) Other notable dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) Category (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐gw4ss Cached time: 20240716045402 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.385 seconds Real time usage: 0.567 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 888/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 41595/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1120/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.265/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5180534/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 524.319 1 -total 35.76% 187.515 1 Template:Reflist 29.58% 155.090 2 Template:Navbox 29.46% 154.443 1 Template:Red_carpet_fashion 23.47% 123.056 1 Template:Short_description 20.46% 107.295 1 Template:Cite_news 12.51% 65.603 1 Template:Icon 10.85% 56.868 3 Template:Main_other 10.40% 54.508 1 Template:SDcat 10.00% 52.422 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31794644-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716045402 and revision id 1200861124. 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Native American fashion designer and visual artist Jamie Okuma (born 1977) is a Native American visual artist and fashion designer from California (/wiki/California) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She is known for beadwork (/wiki/Beadwork) , mixed-media soft sculpture, and fashion design. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) She is Luiseño (/wiki/Luise%C3%B1o) , Wailaki (/wiki/Wailaki_language) , Okinawan (/wiki/Okinawan_language) , and Shoshone-Bannock (/wiki/Shoshone-Bannock) . [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) She is also an enrolled member of the La Jolla band of Indians (/wiki/La_Jolla_Band_of_Luiseno_Indians) in Southern California (/wiki/Southern_California) where she is currently living and working. [4] (#cite_note-4) Biography [ edit ] Okuma was born in Glendale (/wiki/Glendale,_California) , California (/wiki/California) and lived the first years of her life in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) where her mother, painter and bead artist Sandra Okuma ( Luiseño (/wiki/Luise%C3%B1o) / Shoshone-Bannock (/wiki/Shoshone-Bannock) ), worked as a graphic designer for MCA Records (/wiki/MCA_Records) . When Okuma was five, her family moved to the La Jolla Indian Reservation (/wiki/La_Jolla_Indian_Reservation) in Pauma Valley (/wiki/Pauma_Valley,_California) , California (/wiki/California) . [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) At this time, Okuma began learning beadwork, encouraged by her mother. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) As a child and teenager, Okuma beaded her own dance regalia for powwows (/wiki/Pow_wow) and earned money sewing regalia for others. She also accompanied her mother to Native American art shows. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) After high school, she completed several graphic design classes at Palomar College (/wiki/Palomar_College) in San Marcos (/wiki/San_Marcos,_California) , California, and went on to attend the Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) in Santa Fe (/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico) , New Mexico (/wiki/New_Mexico) . [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Artwork [ edit ] Okuma's beaded dolls can include entire families or horses and riders, all with fully beaded regalia. The antique Venetian beads she uses can be as small as size 22°, about the size of a grain of salt. [7] (#cite_note-7) She eventually moved from doll clothing design and creation to high-end fashion. "I had been doing dolls, intensive bead work [sic] , and shows for 15 years and had reached my limit in those fields. I needed a change and fashion was something I had planned on doing initially before I had such success with my beadwork, so the combination of beadwork familiarity along with a need to be an aspiring fashionista brought me to where I am today with what I call contemporary native fashion." [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Career [ edit ] Okuma has won seven Best in Show awards, four from the Heard Indian Market (http://heard.org/fair/) in Phoenix (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) , Arizona (/wiki/Arizona) , and three from the Santa Fe Indian Market (/wiki/Santa_Fe_Indian_Market) in Santa Fe, New Mexico. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) [8] (#cite_note-8) She was also awarded a First Place distinction in the textiles category at the 2012 Heard Museum Indian Fair & Market. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Her work has been shown in Germany (/wiki/Germany) , Australia (/wiki/Australia) , France (/wiki/France) , and numerous art institutions throughout the United States (/wiki/United_States) , including the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . Her work is included in the permanent collections of the Minneapolis Institute of Art (/wiki/Minneapolis_Institute_of_Art) , [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) the Metropolitan Museum of Art, [12] (#cite_note-12) the Nelson-Atkins Museum (/wiki/Nelson-Atkins_Museum_of_Art) , and the Smithsonian Institution (/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution) 's National Museum of the American Indian (/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Indian) . [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) In 2020, her art was exhibited in the landmark exhibition Hearts of Our People: Native Women Artists at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2023, Okuma was inducted into The Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) and she is the first Native American designer to receive this honor. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Much more than a doll" (http://blog.nmai.si.edu/main/2013/07/much-more-than-a-doll-the-artistry-behind-the-grand-procession-exhibition.html) . National Museum of the American Indian . 12 July 2013 . Retrieved 23 January 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_2-0) Bennett-Begaye, Jourdan (2015). "What is truly Native". Native Peoples Magazine . 28 (4): 93–97. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Allen, Lee (18 August 2012). "Jamie Okuma wins third best of show award at Santa Fe Indian Market" (https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/news/jamie-okuma-wins-third-best-of-show-award-at-santa-fe-indian-market/) . Indian Country Media Network . Retrieved 23 January 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "About" (https://www.jokuma.com/about) . jamieokuma . Retrieved 2021-04-23 . ^ Jump up to: a b Indyke, Dottie (31 January 2006). "Native Arts / Sandra Okuma" (http://www.southwestart.com/articles-interviews/featured-artists/sandra_okuma) . Southwest Art . F + W . Retrieved 23 January 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "jamieokuma" (https://www.jokuma.com/about) . jamieokuma . Retrieved 2017-03-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Indyke, Dottie. Jamie Okuma. (http://www.southwestart.com/article/1038) [ permanent dead link ] Southwest Magazine. 2009 (Retrieved 13 March 2009) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "2018 Best of Show Winner" (http://heard.org/fair/2018-best-of-show-winner-announced/) . Heard Museum Guild Indian Fair and Market . 2018-03-04 . Retrieved 2018-03-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Adaptation II, Jamie Okuma; Designer: Shoes designed by Christian Louboutin ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art" (https://collections.artsmia.org/art/115749/adaptation-ii-jamie-okuma) . collections.artsmia.org . Retrieved 2017-05-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "jamie okuma | Minneapolis Institute of Art" (https://collections.artsmia.org/art/120377/adornment-iconic-perceptions-keri-ataumbi-metalsmith) . Retrieved 2017-05-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Adornment: Iconic Perceptions, Keri Ataumbi , metalsmith; Artist: Jamie Okuma , beadworker ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art" (https://collections.artsmia.org/art/120378/adornment-iconic-perceptions-keri-ataumbi-metalsmith) . collections.artsmia.org . Retrieved 2017-05-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Jamie Okuma | Horseshoes | Luiseño/Shoshone-Bannock | The Met" (http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/view?exhibitionId=%7b254A181E-CA25-4BC9-B15A-A167688D711B%7d&oid=647798) . The Metropolitan Museum of Art, i.e. The Met Museum . Retrieved 2017-05-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Hearts of Our People: Native Women Artists | Smithsonian American Art Museum" (https://americanart.si.edu/exhibitions/native-women-artists) . americanart.si.edu . Retrieved 2020-07-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Jamie Okuma" (https://artrkl.com/blogs/artists/jamie-okuma) . ArtRKL . 2023-08-21 . Retrieved 2024-03-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Swimmer, Savignon (2023-04-15). "Jamie Okuma joins the Council of Fashion Designers of America" (https://nativemaxmagazine.com/jamie-okuma-joins-the-council-of-fashion-designers-of-america/) . Native Max . Retrieved 2024-03-08 . External links [ edit ] Jamie Okuma official website (https://www.jokuma.com/) Jamie Okuma YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAYUX_NJWpJkU2NOOLD9Gdg) hide Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/4951159820914814000001) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2022116730) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f776947c‐4vghm Cached time: 20240709055401 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.293 seconds Real time usage: 0.381 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1003/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27578/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1470/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 56191/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.203/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4895925/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 355.462 1 -total 53.82% 191.320 1 Template:Reflist 36.17% 128.577 12 Template:Cite_web 24.36% 86.593 1 Template:Authority_control 19.16% 68.097 1 Template:Short_description 10.28% 36.526 2 Template:Pagetype 8.22% 29.211 1 Template:Dead_link 7.05% 25.065 1 Template:Fix 6.33% 22.495 2 Template:Category_handler 5.83% 20.708 5 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52960156-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709055401 and revision id 1219120556. 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Monkey_jacket) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Monkey jacket" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Monkey+jacket%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Monkey+jacket%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Monkey+jacket%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Monkey+jacket%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Monkey+jacket%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Monkey+jacket%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) American Civil War (/wiki/American_Civil_War) era sailor in a monkey jacket A monkey jacket is a waist length jacket (/wiki/Jacket) tapering at the back to a point. Use of the term has been dated to the 1850s onwards. [1] (#cite_note-1) As early as the 1790s sailors (/wiki/Sailor) wore a broad collar, double-breasted, waist length roundabout style jacket, aka mustering jacket, that later became known as a "monkey jacket". This roundabout style jacket was nicknamed "monkey jacket" after the monkeys that accompanied organ grinders. These street organ (/wiki/Street_organ) monkeys were trained to do tricks and collect coins as the grinder played music. The jacket was not named because sailors climbed the rigging (/wiki/Rigging) of sailing ships like monkeys. The term is also used in the United Kingdom to describe a type of jacket worn in Mod subculture (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)) . References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Cumming, Valerie; Cunnington, C. W.; Cunnington, P. E. (September 2010). The Dictionary of Fashion History . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780857851437 . Other sources [ edit ] Jeans, Peter D (1998). Ship to Shore: A Dictionary of Everyday Words and Phrases Derived from the Sea . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-87436-717-4 . Melville, Herman (/wiki/Herman_Melville) . Moby-Dick (/wiki/Moby-Dick) . This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monkey_jacket&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐bd6wn Cached time: 20240712183737 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.235 seconds Real time usage: 0.324 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 295/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16117/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 89/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16234/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.174/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3842031/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 299.417 1 -total 34.32% 102.769 1 Template:Reflist 32.38% 96.949 3 Template:Cite_book 29.06% 87.000 1 Template:Refimprove 28.39% 84.991 1 Template:Clothing-stub 26.01% 77.875 1 Template:Asbox 24.24% 72.582 1 Template:Ambox 4.47% 13.393 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 3.81% 11.416 1 Template:Refbegin 0.59% 1.769 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:21722325-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712183737 and revision id 1218618562. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monkey_jacket&oldid=1218618562 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monkey_jacket&oldid=1218618562) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Jackets (/wiki/Category:Jackets) Sailors (/wiki/Category:Sailors) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from January 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_January_2021) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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Modeling agency This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Find sources: "Women Management" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Women+Management%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Women+Management%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Women+Management%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Women+Management%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Women+Management%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Women+Management%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_Management&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( November 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Women Management Industry Modeling agency (/wiki/Modeling_agency) Founded 1988 ; 36 years ago ( 1988 ) Founder Paul Rowland Headquarters New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) , Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) Women Management is a prominent modeling agency (/wiki/Modeling_agency) with its headquarters in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) . It is a part of the Women International Agency Chain, which was established by Paul Rowland in the year 1988. In addition to its New York location, Women Management operates offices in Paris (/wiki/Paris) , Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , and Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Overview [ edit ] Women Management is part of Elite World Group (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) network. [2] (#cite_note-2) Manager Piero Piazzi (/wiki/Piero_Piazzi) [3] (#cite_note-3) became the President of Women Milan in 2017 after being the worldwide President and Nathalie Cros-Coitton (/w/index.php?title=Nathalie_Cros-Coitton&action=edit&redlink=1) is the managing director of Women Paris. [4] (#cite_note-4) Models [ edit ] Models currently represented by Women Management include: [5] (#cite_note-5) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) Frida Aasen (/wiki/Frida_Aasen) Bianca Balti (/wiki/Bianca_Balti) Kylie Bax (/wiki/Kylie_Bax) Mariacarla Boscono (/wiki/Mariacarla_Boscono) Akon Changkou (/wiki/Akon_Changkou) Shannan Click (/wiki/Shannan_Click) Jourdan Dunn (/wiki/Jourdan_Dunn) Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) Nyasha Matonhodze (/wiki/Nyasha_Matonhodze) Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) Alexina Graham (/wiki/Alexina_Graham) Daphne Groeneveld (/wiki/Daphne_Groeneveld) Luma Grothe (/wiki/Luma_Grothe) Héloïse Guérin (/wiki/H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse_Gu%C3%A9rin) Rianne ten Haken (/wiki/Rianne_ten_Haken) Laura Harrier (/wiki/Laura_Harrier) Camille Hurel (/wiki/Camille_Hurel) Mathilde Henning (/wiki/Mathilde_Henning) Anna Jagodzińska (/wiki/Anna_Jagodzi%C5%84ska) Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) Issa Lish (/wiki/Issa_Lish) Rebecca Leigh Longendyke (/wiki/Rebecca_Leigh_Longendyke) Heather Marks (/wiki/Heather_Marks) Hanne Gaby Odiele (/wiki/Hanne_Gaby_Odiele) Herieth Paul (/wiki/Herieth_Paul) Teddy Quinlivan (/wiki/Teddy_Quinlivan) Natasha Poly (/wiki/Natasha_Poly) Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) Eva Riccobono (/wiki/Eva_Riccobono) Coco Rocha (/wiki/Coco_Rocha) Sam Rollinson (/wiki/Sam_Rollinson) Vlada Roslyakova (/wiki/Vlada_Roslyakova) Viktoriya Sasonkina (/wiki/Viktoriya_Sasonkina) Anna Selezneva (/wiki/Anna_Selezneva) Iselin Steiro (/wiki/Iselin_Steiro) Julia Stegner (/wiki/Julia_Stegner) Daria Strokous (/wiki/Daria_Strokous) Iris Strubegger (/wiki/Iris_Strubegger) Kasia Struss (/wiki/Kasia_Struss) Fei Fei Sun (/wiki/Fei_Fei_Sun) Lea T (/wiki/Lea_T) Nataša Vojnović (/wiki/Nata%C5%A1a_Vojnovi%C4%87) Jing Wen (/wiki/Jing_Wen) Molly Goodwin (/w/index.php?title=Molly_Goodwin&action=edit&redlink=1) Delaney Quinn (/w/index.php?title=Delaney_Quinn&action=edit&redlink=1) See also [ edit ] List of modeling agencies (/wiki/List_of_modeling_agencies) External links [ edit ] Official web site (https://www.womenmanagement.com/home.web) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Women Management (http://www.womenmanagement.com/) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Elite World Group" (https://theeliteworldgroup.com/home.web) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "2022 PIERO PIAZZI | Fashion Film Festival Milano" (https://fashionfilmfestivalmilano.com/2022-piero-piazzi/) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Biographie | Nathalie Cros-Coitton" (http://nathaliecroscoitton.com/?page_id=12) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Women Management" (https://www.womenmanagement.com/new-york/women.web) . www.womenmanagement.com . Retrieved 2022-10-05 . 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British businesswoman (born 1968) This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Serena_Rees) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Serena_Rees) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article uses bare URLs (/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs) , which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot (/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot) . Please consider converting them to full citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Citation_styles) to ensure the article remains verifiable (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) and maintains a consistent citation style. 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( July 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Serena Rees MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire_(MBE)) Born ( 1968-03-14 ) 14 March 1968 (age 56) England (/wiki/England) Nationality British (/wiki/British_nationality_law) Occupation Businesswoman (/wiki/Businessperson) Spouse Joseph Corré (/wiki/Joseph_Corr%C3%A9) (????–2007) divorced Partner Paul Simonon (/wiki/Paul_Simonon) (2007–present) Children 1 Serena Rees MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire_(MBE)) (born 14 March 1968) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a British entrepreneur, founder, fashion designer, and public speaker. She founded Agent Provocateur (/wiki/Agent_Provocateur_(lingerie)) with her then husband Joseph Corré (/wiki/Joseph_Corr%C3%A9) in 1994 and Les Girls Les Boys in 2017. Early life [ edit ] Rees was adopted at an early age by Indian parents; her birth mother was from Kashmir. Rees left school at age 16. [2] (#cite_note-2) She was working as a model in Chelsea, [3] (#cite_note-3) in 1992 when she met Joseph Corré, the son of Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Malcolm McLaren (/wiki/Malcolm_McLaren) . Agent Provocateur [ edit ] Rees decided to open a lingerie store that would be filled with colourful and fashion-forward lingerie. The store opened in 1994 on Broadwick Street, Soho (/wiki/Soho) as a retail shop. Eventually Rees and Corre began designing their own line of lingerie as well. [4] (#cite_note-independent1-4) Agent Provocateur became a well known brand selling in 13 different countries and over 30 stores. Rees maintained a strict confidentiality policy which allowed celebrity clients to feel comfortable purchasing the products. [4] (#cite_note-independent1-4) Rees made sure to cater to a celebrity clientele by enforcing a strict confidentiality policy. The brand often features celebrity models such as Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Rees and Corre sold Agent Provocateur to private equity (/wiki/Private_equity) house 3i (/wiki/3i) for £60m, [6] (#cite_note-6) as part of their divorce settlement. [7] (#cite_note-7) Les Girls Les Boys [ edit ] Les Girls Les Boys (/w/index.php?title=Les_Girls_Les_Boys&action=edit&redlink=1) is a men's and women's underwear, intimates and streetwear brand, founded by Serena Rees in May 2017. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Other business ventures [ edit ] Rees then started Cocomaya, a bakery and chocolatier with several branches in London, where she resides with her daughter and partner Simonon. [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Researcha.co.uk - UK Company and Company Director Reports" (http://web.researcha.com/iccquery/detail/?did=6248941&c=uk) . Web.researcha.com . Retrieved 2012-02-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Baker, Lindsay (29 August 2010). "How I make it work: Serena Rees" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/how-i-make-it-work-serena-rees-fv50xgglz5n) . The Times . Retrieved 3 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Panty politics" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3640836/Panty-politics.html) . 24 June 2007. ^ a b "Joe Corré and Serena Rees: Sex and the City - Profiles, People - the Independent" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110502011312/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/joe-correacute-and-serena-rees-sex-and-the-city-649844.html) . www.independent.co.uk . Archived from the original (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/joe-correacute-and-serena-rees-sex-and-the-city-649844.html) on May 2, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Wilson, Amy (2009-03-23). "Agent Provocateur says lingerie sales hold up" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/5035993/Agent-Provocateur-says-lingerie-sales-hold-up.html) . London: Telegraph . Retrieved 2012-02-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Attwood, Karen (2007-11-16). "Agent Provocateur sold to private equity firm 3i for £60m - Business News - Business" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/agent-provocateur-sold-to-private-equity-firm-3i-for-pound60m-400593.html) . The Independent . London . Retrieved 2012-02-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Libby Banks. "The millennials redefining sexy" (https://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20200428-the-brands-redefining-sexy?referer=https://www.bbc.com/) . Retrieved 2020-05-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "News Bites | Serena Rees' New Label, Goop to Pop-Up at Nordstrom" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-bites/news-bites-serena-rees-new-label-goop-to-pop-up-at-nordstrom) . The Business of Fashion . 4 May 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Serena Rees Launches 'Les Girls les Boys' | Sidewalk Hustle" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170517170206/http://www.sidewalkhustle.com/serena-rees-launches-les-girls-les-boys/) . Archived from the original (http://www.sidewalkhustle.com/serena-rees-launches-les-girls-les-boys/) on 2017-05-17 . Retrieved 2017-06-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Les Girls les Boys is the Unisex Underwear Brand You Need on Your Radar" (https://www.bustle.com/p/les-girls-les-boys-is-the-unisex-underwear-brand-you-need-on-your-radar-55647) . Bustle . ^ (#cite_ref-11) http://www.theindustrylondon.com/agent-provocateur-co-founder-serena-rees-launches-new-label/ (http://www.theindustrylondon.com/agent-provocateur-co-founder-serena-rees-launches-new-label/) ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Agent Provocateur co-founder Serena Rees to launch new label" (https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/agent-provocateur-co-founder-serena-rees-to-launch-new-label/2017050524415) . 5 May 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Interviews by Rhiannon Harries (2009-11-22). "How We Met: Joel Bernstein & Serena Rees - Profiles - People" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/how-we-met-joel-bernstein--serena-rees-1824089.html) . The Independent . London . Retrieved 2012-02-23 . 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British journalist and activist This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Amal Fashanu" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Amal+Fashanu%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Amal+Fashanu%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Amal+Fashanu%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Amal+Fashanu%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Amal+Fashanu%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Amal+Fashanu%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( November 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Amal Fashanu Nationality British Education Brunel University, IED University Occupations Journalist presenter activist fashion designer Parents John Fashanu (/wiki/John_Fashanu) (father) Marisol Acuna (mother) Family Justin Fashanu (/wiki/Justin_Fashanu) (uncle) Amal Fashanu is a presenter, journalist, fashion designer and activist against homophobia in sport (/wiki/Homophobia_in_sports_culture) . She produced a BBC3 (/wiki/BBC3) documentary Britain’s Gay Footballers. [1] (#cite_note-1) She is the founder and CEO of the Justin Fashanu (/wiki/Justin_Fashanu) Foundation, as well as Black Heart Label, a clothing brand designed to promote activism through fashion, and Amal Fashanu Handbags. In 2012, Fashanu was a contributor to David Cameron's summit on discrimination in sport. Biography [ edit ] Fashanu is the daughter of former footballer (/wiki/Association_football) John Fashanu (/wiki/John_Fashanu) and Spanish model Marisol Acuna (/w/index.php?title=Marisol_Acuna&action=edit&redlink=1) . [ citation needed ] She attended St Christina's School in London, before moving to Madrid in 1999 to study at Runnymede College (/wiki/Runnymede_College) . In 2006 she began her studies at Brunel University (/wiki/Brunel_University_London) in London, receiving a BASc in Communications and Media Studies. Fashanu has a master's degree in handbag design from IED University in Madrid (/wiki/Madrid) . Whilst at university, Fashanu had a successful career as a model, notably modelling alongside Professor Green (/wiki/Professor_Green) for Puma (/wiki/Puma_(brand)) in FHM (/wiki/FHM) . [ citation needed ] In 2012, Fashanu's BBC 3 Documentary Britain’s Gay Footballers was released to critical acclaim. [2] (#cite_note-2) Following the suicide of her uncle Justin Fashanu (/wiki/Justin_Fashanu) , Britain's first black £1m footballer who was also openly gay, the film explored homophobia and discrimination within the football world. The documentary was nominated for numerous awards, including a British Broadcasting Award in 2013. Her second documentary The Batman Shootings [3] (#cite_note-3) (2012) covered the massacre in a US cinema in which 12 people were killed by a lone shooter (/wiki/2012_Aurora,_Colorado_shooting) whilst watching The Dark Knight Rises (/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_Rises) . Her third, Find A Home For My Brother [4] (#cite_note-4) (2015) explored the care provisions that are in place for young people with learning disabilities (/wiki/Learning_disability) in the UK (/wiki/UK) and Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) . In 2012, Fashanu was invited by then British Prime Minister (/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom) David Cameron (/wiki/David_Cameron) to a summit on discrimination in football at Downing Street (/wiki/Downing_Street) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Following this meeting, she was inspired to create her fashion label, Black Heart Label, which combines activism and fashion to promote equality. This line is dedicated to Justin Fashanu. After undertaking an MA in handbag design from IED University, Fashanu created Amal Fashanu Handbags. The brand creates luxury handbags and accessories whilst promoting small businesses. Fashanu works as a journalist and has reported for BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) , BBC Radio (/wiki/BBC_Radio) , talkSPORT (/wiki/Talksport) , Sky News (/wiki/Sky_News) , Sky Sport (/wiki/Sky_Sports) , The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) [6] (#cite_note-6) and The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Fashanu and her father set up the Justin Fashanu Foundation [7] (#cite_note-7) to eliminate prejudice and tackle homophobia in sport. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Britain's Gay Footballers" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01bncfg) . BBC3 . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gray, Stephen (31 January 2012). "Gay Footballers Film Boosts BBC3 audience by 50%" (https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/01/31/gay-football-film-boosts-bbc3-audience-by-5) . Pink News . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "The Batman Shootings" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01m7zwm) . BBC3 . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Find A Home For My Brother" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b065g51h) . BBC3 . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Champion, Mathew (22 February 2012). "David Cameron Pledges to 'Crush' Racism in Football at Number 10 Summit" (https://metro.co.uk/2012/02/22/david-cameron-pledges-to-crush-racism-in-football-at-no-10-summit-333971/) . Metro . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Amal Fashanu, TV Presenter" (https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/amal-fashanu/) . Amal Fashanu . Huffington Post . Retrieved 4 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Charity Details" (https://beta.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-details/?regid=1184383&subid=0) . beta.charitycommission.gov.uk . Retrieved 25 November 2019 . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amal Fashanu (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amal_Fashanu) . 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Lingerie brand Curvy Kate Founded 2009 Headquarters 1 Harefield Road Uxbridge UB81PH, Uxbridge , United Kingdom Key people Steve Hudson (Founder/Director) Products Lingerie Brands Brastop, Flirtelle, Scantilly Curvy Kate is a lingerie brand specialising in D – K cup Bras and Swimwear. They are currently based in Uxbridge, London (/wiki/Uxbridge,_London) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Curvy Kate lingerie is designed for the curvy woman and for small back sizes through to plus size bras with back bands from a 28" – 44". [2] (#cite_note-2) They officially launched in July 2009 at the Harrogate Lingerie Show. [3] (#cite_note-3) Curvy Kate do not use professional models. They instead run an annual modelling competition called "Star In A Bra" to look for customer role models with a D+ cup size. Their stance for using real sized models and ethnic models has been warmly received by the lingerie industry. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Since 2008 the winners have been: Emma Tabor (2008) [7] (#cite_note-7) Lauren Colfer (2009) [8] (#cite_note-8) Laura Ann Smith (2010) [ citation needed ] Lizzie Haines (/wiki/Lizzie_Haines) (2011) [9] (#cite_note-9) Sophie Morgan (2012) [10] (#cite_note-10) Lotte Williams (2013) and Sophia Adams (2015). [ citation needed ] In November 2015, Curvy Kate announced the launch of their new brand Scantilly in DD – HH cup sizes. [11] (#cite_note-11) Awards [ edit ] 2011 Full Bust Brand of the Year – UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) [12] (#cite_note-12) 2012 Full Bust Brand of the Year – UK Lingerie Awards Best Marketing Campaign – UK Lingerie Awards [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) 2014 Lingerie and Beachwear Brand of the Year – UK Lingerie Awards Womenswear Brand of the Year – Drapers (/wiki/Drapers_(magazine)) Awards [15] (#cite_note-15) 2015 Marketing Campaign of the Year – UK Lingerie Awards [16] (#cite_note-16) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) " Contacts (http://www.curvykate.com/contacts-curvy-kate.php) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120904113908/http://www.curvykate.com/contacts-curvy-kate.php) 2012-09-04 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ." Curvy Kate Lingerie. Retrieved on 1 October 2013. "Curvy Kate Limited Unit 1, Hawthorn Centre, Elmgrove Road, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 2RF, United Kingdom" ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Curvy Kate Lingerie" (http://www.boudoirlingerie.co.uk/p0/curvy-kate-lingerie/392073.htm) . Boudoirlingerie.co.uk . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Curvy Kate 1st Birthday – Lingerie Buyer (http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=3759) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100819021356/http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=3759) 2010-08-19 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Ethnic Lingerie Models Ignored – Lingerie Buyer (http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=3887) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120617191113/http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=3887) 2012-06-17 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "A Look at Curvy Kate with Cheryl Warner" (https://thelingeriejournal.com/a-look-at-curvy-kate-with-cheryl-warner/) . thelingeriejournal.com . 27 May 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Ethnic Lingerie Models – Lingerie Buyer (http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=4120) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20101219122705/http://www.lingerie-buyer.co.uk/Members/article.aspx?id=4120) 2010-12-19 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Emma's a real star in a bra" (http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/2008/09/21/emma-s-a-real-star-in-a-bra-91466-21863820/) . WalesOnline . 2008-09-21 . Retrieved 2013-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Lauren Colfer: Star in a Bra 2009 Winner!" (http://www.the-lingerie-post.com/2009/08/lauren-colfer-star-in-a-bra-2009-winner/) . The Lingerie Post. 2009-08-05 . Retrieved 2013-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Lizzie Haines scoops Curvy Kate modelling prize" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110922024048/http://www.braselector.co.uk/2011/lizzie-haines-scoops-curvy-kate-modelling-prize/) . Archived from the original (http://www.braselector.co.uk/2011/lizzie-haines-scoops-curvy-kate-modelling-prize/) on 22 September 2011 . Retrieved 19 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Star in a Bra 2012 – TOP TEN!" (http://sophiajenner.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/star-in-a-bra-2012-top-ten/) . Sophiajenner.wordpress.com. 2012-04-19 . Retrieved 2013-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Shop All Scantilly- Curvy Kate" (http://www.curvykate.com/scantilly-lingerie) . www.curvykate.com . Retrieved 2016-06-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Curvy Kate celebrates Fuller Bust Brand of the Year title | News | The Appointment Magazine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120129044140/http://www.theappointment.co.uk/news/article-curvy-kate-celebrates-fuller-bust-brand-of-the-year-title) . Theappointment.co.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.theappointment.co.uk/news/article-curvy-kate-celebrates-fuller-bust-brand-of-the-year-title) on 2012-01-29 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "uk lingerie awards | Special Reports" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192854/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/0/) . Lingerieinsight.com. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/0/) on 2013-10-29 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "uk lingerie awards | Special Reports" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120721053232/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/15/) . Lingerieinsight.com. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/15/) on 2012-07-21 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The Drapers Interview: Steve Hudson, Curvy Kate" (http://www.drapersonline.com/people/the-drapers-interview/the-drapers-interview-steve-hudson-curvy-kate/5069237.fullarticle) . Drapers . 22 January 2015 . Retrieved 2016-06-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Clarke, Sarah. "UKLA WINNER: Marketing Campaign of the Year" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160810074922/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-6809-ukla-winner-marketing-campaign-of-the-year/) . www.lingerieinsight.com . Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-6809-ukla-winner-marketing-campaign-of-the-year/) on 2016-08-10 . Retrieved 2016-06-15 . 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(Redirected from Coat rack (/w/index.php?title=Coat_rack&redirect=no) ) Device used to store hats and coats This article is about the furniture. For the compartments on airplanes, sometimes called hatracks, see Airliner § Overhead bin (/wiki/Airliner#Overhead_bin) . For the breakdancing move, see Headspin (/wiki/Headspin) . This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hatstand) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Hatstand) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hatstand) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Hatstand" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Hatstand%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Hatstand%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Hatstand%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Hatstand%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Hatstand%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Hatstand%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias) of the subject . You may improve this article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hatstand&action=edit) , discuss the issue on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Hatstand) , or create a new article (/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard) , as appropriate. ( September 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source) . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Hatstand##) . Please help improve this article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hatstand&action=edit) by introducing citations to additional sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Find sources: "Hatstand" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Hatstand%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Hatstand%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Hatstand%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Hatstand%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Hatstand%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Hatstand%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( October 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Hall tree at the Clara Barkley Dorr House (/wiki/Clara_Barkley_Dorr_House) , in Pensacola (/wiki/Pensacola) , Florida, with a marble top shelf and umbrella stands at the sides A hatstand (UK), hatrack (US), coat rack , coat stand , hat tree , hall tree , or portmanteau is a device used to store hats (/wiki/Hat) and often coats (/wiki/Coat) on, and umbrellas (/wiki/Umbrella) within. A coat rack often refers to a set of hooks that are attached to a wall. Usually made of wood and standing at least 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, the self-standing variant is more often referred to as a hatstand and has a single pole, a sturdy base to prevent toppling, and an array of lengthy pegs at the top for placement of hats. A hatrack was used to decorate Victorian front halls while providing storage. Description [ edit ] A coat rack A free-standing hatstand and umbrella stand (/wiki/Umbrella_stand) A hatstand is a device used to store hats (/wiki/Hat) and often coats (/wiki/Coat) on, and umbrellas (/wiki/Umbrella) within. Usually made of wood and standing at least 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, they have a single pole making up most of the height, with a sturdy base to prevent toppling, and an array of lengthy pegs at the top for placement of hats. The complicated shapes of the spindles and hooks of both varieties create an interesting pattern on the wall. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Name [ edit ] The device is known by various names including hatstand (UK), hatrack (US), coat rack , coat stand , and hall tree . Some upscale European catalogues market it as a portmanteau [2] (#cite_note-2) from the French porter ('carry') and manteau ('cloak'). A coat rack often refers to a set of hooks that are attached to a wall and is mainly used to hang coats and jackets; the self-standing variant is more often referred to as a hatstand, and is mostly used to hang coats, jackets, umbrellas and hats. History [ edit ] The front hall was the introduction to the house, and as such was an important part of the Victorian (/wiki/Victorian_era) home. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Furnishings (/wiki/Furnishings) were selected not only to make it a useful place to hang a hat and coat, store an umbrella and leave a calling card (/wiki/Visiting_card) , but also to show family wealth (/wiki/Wealth) , social position (/wiki/Social_position) and knowledge (/wiki/Knowledge) of current styles. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) A hall stand or a hatrack was the most important piece of furniture. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) These were new forms that appeared about 1840, such as the hall tree, as homes became larger and social visits became more structured. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Smaller houses had smaller front halls, so a hanging hatrack was the answer to the problem of storing visitors' coats and hats. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) As well as holding hats and coats, a hall tree could be used to store bags, umbrellas, walking sticks, boots and other items. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) By the 1920s, houses had become smaller, and hall furnishings were usually just a chair, a table and perhaps a mirror; a closet (/wiki/Closet) or cupboard (/wiki/Cupboard) held hats and coats. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) See also [ edit ] Clothes valet (/wiki/Clothes_valet) Entryway (/wiki/Entryway) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h "Collectors tip hats to Victorian hall racks" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160305030746/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/uniontrib/20050612/news_1hs12kovels.html) . The San Diego Union-Tribune . Archived from the original (http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050612/news_1hs12kovels.html) on 2016-03-05 . Retrieved 2006-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Shapiro, Michael (2017-02-28). The Speaking Self: Language Lore and English Usage: Second Edition . Springer. p. 148. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-319-51682-0 . External links [ edit ] Look up hatstand (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hatstand) , hatrack (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hatrack) , or hall tree (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hall_tree) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Look up coat rack (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coat_rack) , coat stand (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coat_stand) , or portmanteau (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portmanteau) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. 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A shirt of many colours The Kariyushi shirt ( かりゆしウェア , kariyushi wear ) is a style of dress shirt originating in Okinawa Prefecture (/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) . Similar to aloha shirts (/wiki/Aloha_shirt) , these shirts are mainly worn in summer. The shirts are printed, mostly short-sleeved, and collared. Kariyushi shirts may be worn as casual, informal wear, or as dresswear. First introduced in 1970 to promote tourism to Okinawa Prefecture, the style gained popularity in 2000 when heads of state wore them during the 26th G8 summit (/wiki/26th_G8_summit) which was held in Okinawa. These shirts are promoted as part of the Cool Biz campaign (/wiki/Cool_Biz_campaign) by the Government of Japan. History [ edit ] Presentation of Kariyushi Shirt from the Governor of Okinawa Prefecture In 1970, the Okinawa Tourism Association started selling aloha shirts (/wiki/Aloha_shirt) under the name of Okinawa shirts in order to promote tourism to Okinawa Prefecture (/wiki/Tourism_in_Japan) . [1] (#cite_note-cao_defhist-1) The initial campaign was unsuccessful, leaving piles of unsold merchandise. These leftovers were worn by hotel association members. The popularity of the shirts spread during the time of the second oil crisis (/wiki/1979_energy_crisis) . At first, the shirts were limited to variations using motifs of traditional arts such as bingata (/wiki/Bingata) or Yaeyama minsa. Eventually, many individuals related to the tourist trade such as hotel staff, travelers and tour guides began to wear them. The Mensōre Okinawa Kenmin Undō Suishin Kyōgikai, a newly formed coalition of Okinawan tourism organizations, decided to produce shirts featuring Okinawa characteristics and named them kariyushi shirts in 1990. Kariyushi means "harmony" or "happiness" in Okinawan (/wiki/Central_Okinawan_language) . In 1997, the Okinawa Hotel Ryokan Association started promoting another type of aloha-like shirts named tropical wear as well as tropical Friday (Okinawan version of casual Friday (/wiki/Casual_Friday) ). [1] (#cite_note-cao_defhist-1) This resulted in their use in government offices (/wiki/Government_of_Japan) . Year 2000 was a turning point for Kariyushi shirts. The name of the shirts was standardized as kariyushi wear (かりゆしウェア). In 2000 each head of state (/wiki/Head_of_state) wore one during the 26th G8 summit (/wiki/26th_G8_summit) held in Okinawa. During this time, variations in the shirt design appeared and the shirts became popular for use among government employees, bank workers and people in the general business sector. [1] (#cite_note-cao_defhist-1) According to the Okinawa Apparel Sewing Industrial Association, over 310,000 shirts were sold in 2004. [ citation needed ] Okinawa also holds a textile contest once every year, allowing contestants to design a kariyushi shirt. [ citation needed ] In 2005, when the "Summer casual dress" idea was introduced mainly for the Ministry of the Environment (/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Environment_(Japan)) and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy,_Trade_and_Industry) , Yuriko Koike (/wiki/Yuriko_Koike) , the environment minister, also took on the responsibility of minister for Okinawa and promoted the kariyushi shirt as part of the Cool Biz (/wiki/Cool_Biz) campaign. From June 1, the beginning of the promotion period, many of the staff who worked at the Okinawa Development and Promotion Bureau wore the shirts as well as the Prime Minister of Japan (/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan) at that time, Junichiro Koizumi (/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi) . Koizumi had already worn the Kariyushi shirt at the 2003 Japan Pacific Islands Summit, which was held in Okinawa. The NHK (/wiki/NHK) Okinawa bureau asked all news reporters on the weekday evening local news program Haisai! Terebi Sukasu to wear the kariyushi shirt from June to October 2006. The show started in April 2006. NHK recognized that this contributed to the popularity of the shirts. Even on the TBS (/wiki/Tokyo_Broadcasting_System) network, the main newscaster, Tetsuya Chikushi (/wiki/Tetsuya_Chikushi) , wore a kariyushi shirt in the summer of 2004 and 2005 on his news show "Tetsuya Chikushi NEWS23". In June 2009, all members of the Japanese government (/wiki/Japanese_government) who attended the cabinet meeting [ which? ] wore a shirt as part of the Cool Biz campaign. The Liberal Democratic Party (/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Japan) also wore the shirts, but Hiroyuki Hosoda (/wiki/Hiroyuki_Hosoda) wore his shirt tucked into his pants which was said to have annoyed Yuriko Koike (/wiki/Yuriko_Koike) throughout the entire meeting. The kariyushi shirt is worn outside of the pants, and never tucked into the pants. Design [ edit ] Kariyushi shirts manufactured in Okinawa for local Okinawan residents are usually adorned with characteristic Okinawan designs found in traditional Okinawan arts, shisā (/w/index.php?title=Shis%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1) temple guardian designs, and simple floral patterns in muted colors. They are often used to promote tourism in Okinawa, and have been established in replacing the standard white shirt and tie for Okinawan office workers during the summer. [ citation needed ] In 2005, the Cool Biz campaign (/wiki/Cool_Biz_campaign) prompted members of the Okinawan cabinet (/wiki/Okinawan_cabinet) , mostly in central government, to wear the shirt during work hours. Kariyushi shirts were created based on the Aloha shirt, generally designed with short sleeves and an open collar. They usually have buttons, sometimes as a complete button-down shirt, and sometimes just down to the chest (pullover). Kariyushi shirts usually have a left chest pocket sewn in, often with attention to ensure the printed pattern remains continuous. The shirts are cut short so that they can hang comfortably outside the pants. Patterns on the shirt use motifs from scenery characteristic to Okinawa such as bitter melons (/wiki/Bitter_melon) , hirami lemons (/wiki/Hirami_lemon) , and Okinawan dragon boats (/wiki/Dragon_boat) . The price of the shirts can vary from a few thousand yen for cheaper versions to several tens of thousands of yen for high-grade shirts made from musa basjoo (/wiki/Musa_basjoo) "Japanese fiber banana", similar to Hawaiian tapa cloth (/wiki/Tapa_cloth) . [ citation needed ] Many variations of the shirt debuted from 2000. [ citation needed ] Shirts with longer sleeves were designed for women who were concerned with sunburn (/wiki/Sunburn) , and formal designs made from black fabrics for ceremonial events were sold. [ citation needed ] Currently, wearing kariyushi shirts is promoted during the period of April to November. During this period, a large percentage of local government personnel wear the kariyushi shirt. In September 1999, the Okinawa parliamentary body gave permission for members to wear the shirt inside the parliamentary chambers. [ citation needed ] Many of these members currently wear the shirt and progress is being made for the local assembly to wear the shirts. Post office workers and Japan Transocean Air (/wiki/Japan_Transocean_Air) have their own characteristic shirt which they wear in the summer as part of their uniform. Even members at branch offices belonging to Okinawan companies located outside of Okinawa wear the shirt on "casual Friday". Branding [ edit ] The term "Kariyushi shirt" was a registered trademark of Okinawa Industrial Federation but the right was transferred to the Okinawa Apparel Sewing Industrial Association. [2] (#cite_note-2) The rules of the authorization are as follows: The shirts must be manufactured within the prefecture of Okinawa (fabric produced outside of the prefecture can be used to make the shirts). Only patterns that promote tourism in Okinawa can be used. References [ edit ] ^ a b c 内閣府 (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan). "かりゆしウェアの定義・歴史 (Definition and history of Kariyushi shirts)" (http://www8.cao.go.jp/okinawa/kariyushi/teigi_rekishi.html) (in Japanese) . Retrieved 25 December 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Ōshiro Hideyuki 大城英幸. " (http://www.okikouren.or.jp/kouren-news/2014.5(H26).pdf) Kiru hito o oshare ni suru hai kuoriti na kariyushi wea 着る人をおしゃれにするハイクオリティな「かりゆしウェア」" (http://www.okikouren.or.jp/kouren-news/2014.5(H26).pdf) (PDF) (in Japanese) . Retrieved 25 December 2016 . 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Marcello Minale (December 15, 1938 – December 30, 2000) was a world-renowned Italian designer, writer and a former international oarsman (/wiki/Rowing_(sport)) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life [ edit ] Marcello Minale was born into an Italian naval family in Tripoli (/wiki/Tripoli,_Libya) in 1938, the son of a colonial administrator and former naval captain (/wiki/Captain_at_sea) who became a local city mayor in Aziziya (/wiki/Aziziya) , Libya. Education and formative influences [ edit ] After studying art and architecture at the Technical Institute of Naples (/wiki/Naples) , Minale won his first assignments for an architectural magazine in Milan (/wiki/Milan) and for a Scandinavian company in charge of interior design and graphic design (/wiki/Graphic_design) in Rome. Minale worked briefly for the Young & Rubicam (/wiki/Young_%26_Rubicam) advertising agency in Rome before moving to Finland (/wiki/Finland) in 1961 to be part of the golden age of Scandinavian design (/wiki/Scandinavian_design) working firstly as a designer for Taucker and then as Art director (/wiki/Art_director) for Mackkinointi Uiherjuuri – both Finnish advertising agencies. It was at the Industrial Design School in Helsinki (/wiki/Helsinki) where Minale was introduced to Scandinavian Modernism (/w/index.php?title=Scandinavian_Modernism&action=edit&redlink=1) – amongst his seminal influences were the Finnish designers Tapio Wirkkala (/wiki/Tapio_Wirkkala) and Alvar Aalto (/wiki/Alvar_Aalto) whose style was a world away from the Baroque Italian household in which he had grown up. Work [ edit ] In 1962, Minale came to Britain to work as a designer in London, again for Young & Rubicam (/wiki/Young_%26_Rubicam) and met his future partner Brian Tattersfield. Two years later, the duo formed Minale Tattersfield during a period that coincided with a new generation of young London design firms including Wolff Olins (/wiki/Wolff_Olins) and Fletcher/Forbes/Gill. [2] (#cite_note-2) These fledgling firms [3] (#cite_note-3) were jettisoning the old commercial-artist tradition in favour of a more simple and pared-down style of visual communication (/wiki/Visual_communication) much influenced by Bill Bernbach (/wiki/Bill_Bernbach) in New York. Minale made sure his fledgling design firm got noticed. The firm even introduced its own corporate logo (/wiki/Corporate_logo) – the "Scribble", a loose, free-form, pencil-drawn counterblast to the formal graphic conventions of the time. With Tattersfield the quieter foil to Minale's exuberant frontman, the partnership swiftly prospered. Its client list grew to include: Thames TV (/wiki/Thames_TV) , [4] (#cite_note-4) Kodak (/wiki/Kodak) , London Transport (/wiki/Transport_for_London) , British Airports Authority (/wiki/British_Airports_Authority) , Nestle (/wiki/Nestle) , Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , NatWest (/wiki/NatWest) , Armani (/wiki/Armani) , Premier League (/wiki/Premier_League) , Eurostar (/wiki/Eurostar) , Imperial War Museum (/wiki/Imperial_War_Museum) , International Cricket Council (/wiki/International_Cricket_Council) , Sydney Olympics (/wiki/Sydney_Olympics) and many more. Design establishment contribution [ edit ] Minale contributed widely to the British design community, helping to launch and fund Blueprint (/wiki/Blueprint_(architecture_magazine)) , [5] (#cite_note-5) and over the years became a mentor to many young designers. A favorite phrase of his was “keep moving” , and his energy, thoughtfulness and generosity of spirit inspired many who worked with him. Minale was President of D&AD (/wiki/D%26AD) [6] (#cite_note-6) between 1981–2 and a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers (/wiki/Chartered_Society_of_Designers) . Minale also contributed to the design establishment as an author and was published a variety of books on visual identity (/wiki/Corporate_identity#Visual_identity) , branding (/wiki/Brand#branding) and the business of design including the only design-led book [7] (#cite_note-7) looking at the modern service station (/wiki/Petrol_station) . He also devoted time and energy to writing and to illustrating four children's books. In his obituary [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Marcello Minale was described by Jeremy Myerson [10] (#cite_note-10) in The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) as 'one of British commercial design's most colourful and original practitioners' and 'a man of wide interests whose flair and expertise put him at the forefront of British design for three decades.' [11] (#cite_note-11) Awards [ edit ] Minale Tattersfield has received more than 300 international awards for design creativity and design effectiveness. They include: 13 Silver awards from the D&AD (/wiki/D%26AD) – the prestigious President's Award for outstanding contribution to British Design, and 3 Gold awards from Art Directors Club of New York (/wiki/Art_Directors_Club_of_New_York) . In 2012 Minale was named eighth most awarded designer of the last five decades by the D&AD with a posthumous Lifetime Achievement: Designer Award. Personal life [ edit ] Away from design, Minale's two great passions were his family and his rowing: Minale was twice married: first in 1963 (source: freebmd.org.uk) (dissolved 1974), to Ebba Oljemark, with whom he had a son, Marcello; and second in 1975, to Roberta Broadbridge, with whom he had two sons Manlio, a brand consultant and Massimo, who is studying architecture at Cambridge. An international medal winner in rowing at the 1956 European Championships, [12] (#cite_note-12) Minale's love of the sport remained firm, becoming the chairman and President of the Tideway Scullers School (/wiki/Tideway_Scullers_School) between 1995 and 2000. Published works [ edit ] Design books [ edit ] How to design a successful petrol station (https://books.google.com/books?id=KBpUAAAAMAAJ) , Booth-Clibborn Editions, 2000 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1861541352 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1861541352) ) How to Keep on Running a Successful Design Company (https://www.amazon.com/Keep-Running-Successful-Design-Company/dp/1861541309) , Booth Clibborn Editions, 1999 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1861541307 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1861541307) ) All Together Now (http://www.bibliopolis.com/main/books/1487285.html) , ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1861540671 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1861540671) ) Booth-Clibborn Editions, 1998 How to Run & Run a Successful Multidisciplinary Design Company (http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6105620-how-to-run-a-successful-multi-disciplinary-design-company) , Internos Books, 1996 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1873968796 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1873968796) ) The Leader of the Pack (https://books.google.com/books?id=oHdQAAAAMAAJ) , Elfande, 1993 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1 870458 50 8 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B870458%2B50%2B8) ) Minale Tattersfield Creative Unit, 1965 (ASIN: B001P534KC) The Image Maker: Biography of Minale Tattersfield (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Image-Maker-Biography-Minale-Tattersfield/dp/1873968531) , Booth-Clibborn Editions, 1995 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1873968536 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1873968536) ) Design: The World of Minale Tattersfield (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Design-Minale-Tattersfield-Jeremy-Myerson/dp/0904866777) , Booth Clibborn Editions, 1990 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0904866777 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0904866777) ) The Best of British Corporate Design (https://www.amazon.co.uk/British-Corporate-Design-Edward-Booth-Clibborn/dp/0904866688) , Booth Clibborn Editions, ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0904866681 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0904866681) ), 1989 Best of British Packaging (https://www.amazon.com/Best-British-Packaging-Edward-Booth-Clibborn/dp/0904866815) , Booth Clibborn Editions, 1988 Design a la Minale Tattersfield (https://www.amazon.com/Design-La-Minale-Tattersfield-Philosophy/dp/0904866513) , Booth Clibborn Editions, 1986/7 Children's books [ edit ] Tomo the Water Dragon (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Tomo-Water-Dragon-Marcello-Minale/dp/0234771712) , Dobson Books Ltd, 1977 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0234771716 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0234771716) ) The Black Pencil (https://www.amazon.com/Black-Pencil-Marcello-Minale/dp/0234779063) , Dobson Books Ltd, 1974 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0234779064 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0234779064) ) Tree That Couldn't Fly (https://www.amazon.com/Tree-That-Couldnt-Marcello-Minale/dp/0234776412) , Dobson Books Ltd, 1972 ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0234776414 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0234776414) ) Creatures Great and Small (https://www.amazon.com/Creatures-Great-Small-Michael-Flanders/dp/B000K6JR5I) , 1965 (ASIN B000K6JR5I) Design work [ edit ] Furniture, industrial and interior design [ edit ] 'MTP 1' chair designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. for MTP Furniture, 1972. (VADS) [1] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53219) 'Grid' armchair with frame designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. for MTP Furniture, 1972. [2] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53220) Ceramic wall tiles designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. for Cedit, Italy, 1969. [3] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53230) Bench for use on underground station platforms. Designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. as part of proposals for the modernisation of Northern Line stations for London Transport, c. 1977. (VADS) [4] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53233) Various furniture designs by Marcello Minale [5] (https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Minale+Tattersfield%26+Partners+Ltd) Shower system designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. for Aqualisa, 1978. (VADS) [6] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53240) Base of knock-down table designed by Minale Tattersfield & Partners Ltd. for Zanotta (/wiki/Zanotta_(company)) , 1976 [7] (https://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/09405a/0E0E5CE41688FFCF8DB39BDC0E3CB5B9865321D8.html) [ permanent dead link ] Cast iron road signs for Much Wenlock in Shropshire, commemorating Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee, 1977 (VADS) [8] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53238) Posters and other examples of graphic design with chairs and tables designed for Zanotta, MTP Furniture and Cubic Metre Furniture. 1980. [9] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53105) Posters [ edit ] Mural/wall panels with cricket ball motif for the Oval underground station, c. 1977. (VADS) [10] (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=53234) British Airports at The Design Center, Museum of Modern Art (poster), 1980 (MoMA) [11] (http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?object_id=6678) Milton Keynes will be good for your health [12] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1193204/milton-keynes-will-be-good-poster-minale-tattersfield/) , poster, 1973 (V&A) Milton Keynes. The kind of city you'll want your family to grow up in (poster), 1973 (V&A) [13] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1193205/milton-keynes-the-kind-of-poster-minale-tattersfield/) Where is Milton Keynes? (poster), 1973 (V&A) [14] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1193206/where-is-milton-keynes-poster-minale-tattersfield/) Milton Keynes. A new city comes to life (poster), 1972 (V&A) [15] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1193207/milton-keynes-a-new-city-poster-minale-tattersfield/) Milton Keynes: The City's Future (poster), 1970 (V&A) [16] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O555479/milton-keynes-the-citys-future-poster-minale-marcello/) Cubic Metre (poster), (V&A) [17] (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O101878/cubic-metre-poster-minale-tattersfield/) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "UK rower charged over killing" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1097133.stm) . BBC News . January 2, 2001. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Alan Fletcher Alan Fletcher (/wiki/Alan_Fletcher_(graphic_designer)) , Colin Forbes Colin Forbes (/wiki/Colin_Forbes_(graphic_designer)) , Bob Gill Bob Gill (/wiki/Bob_Gill_(artist)) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Communicate: Independent British Graphic Design since the Sixties (/wiki/Communicate:_Independent_British_Graphic_Design_since_the_Sixties) ^ (#cite_ref-4) See: The Thames Logo Parade (http://625.uk.com/tv_logos/thames.htm) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Answers - the Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions" (http://www.answers.com/topic/blueprint-architecture-magazine) . Answers.com (/wiki/Answers.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Formerly known as the British Design & Art Direction, London) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Gas Station Collectibles Bibliography" (http://www.petrolmaps.co.uk/special/biblio.htm#gasstation) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "UK rower charged over killing" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1097133.stm) . BBC. January 2, 2001 . Retrieved June 25, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) de Quetteville, Harry (/w/index.php?title=Rowing_coach_stabbed_to_death&action=edit&redlink=1) ; Sally Pook; Thomas Penny; David Graves (January 2, 2001). "Rowing coach stabbed to death" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1317889/Rowing-coach-stabbed-to-death.html) . The Telegraph . London . Retrieved June 25, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Jeremy myerson - Helen Hamlyn Centre" (https://archive.today/20121223193046/http://www.hhc.rca.ac.uk/212/all/1/jeremy-myerson.aspx) . Archived from the original (http://www.hhc.rca.ac.uk/212/all/1/jeremy-myerson.aspx) on December 23, 2012 . Retrieved June 25, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Myerson, Jeremy (January 5, 2001). "Obituary: Marcello Minale" (https://archive.today/20130125105301/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-5145087.html) . The Independent . London. Highbeam. Archived from the original (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-5145087.html) on January 25, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Later to become the World Championships External links [ edit ] Minale Tattersfield's official website [18] (http://www.minaletattersfield.com) Logo Designers – Marcello Minale [19] (https://web.archive.org/web/20100124021004/http://www.logosdesigners.com/#marcello-minale) In 1988, Michael Bryce (/wiki/Michael_Bryce) joined with design consultants Marcello Minale and Brian Tattersfield in London to form Minale Tattersfield Bryce and Partners becoming an international partner of the Minale Tattersfield Design Strategy Group working across corporate identity, branding and urban design. [PDF: 105KB] [20] (https://web.archive.org/web/20110605134927/http://www.govhouse.qld.gov.au/the_governor/documents/MBryceCVJune2006.pdf) IDEA NO.78 : Five Young Designers [21] (https://web.archive.org/web/20110703023226/http://www.idea-mag.com/en/publication/078.php) The Best Designs Never Seen, RED, The Design Council, September 16, 2005 [22] (https://archive.today/20130218155753/http://www.designcouncil.info/mt/red/archives/2005/09/the_best_design_1.html) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/434673/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000079128525) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/2617095) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqbqQK6XwhwDrwxmgJMT3) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13328578r) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13328578r) Italy (https://opac.sbn.it/nome/BVEV018549) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no99042385) Korea (https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200710483) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p149255527) Artists Museum of Modern Art (https://www.moma.org/artists/3998) ULAN (https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500061691) People Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1278182) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/077228510) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐5fc7b8464c‐kgzw4 Cached time: 20240709105659 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.435 seconds Real time usage: 0.524 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3213/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29979/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2794/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 17/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59465/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.268/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4480715/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 474.220 1 -total 31.68% 150.243 1 Template:Authority_control 25.11% 119.087 1 Template:Reflist 24.45% 115.946 11 Template:ISBN 17.28% 81.952 11 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 16.80% 79.666 4 Template:Cite_news 7.85% 37.245 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 6.39% 30.325 1 Template:Dead_link 5.89% 27.909 1 Template:Fix 5.24% 24.867 2 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36217486-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709105659 and revision id 1193885977. 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Small pouch made for carrying coins Model of an ancient Roman leather purse A purse or pouch (from the Latin (/wiki/Latin) bursa , which in turn is from the Greek (/wiki/Greek_language) βύρσα , býrsa , oxhide), [1] (#cite_note-1) sometimes called coin purse for clarity, is a small money bag or pouch, made for carrying coins (/wiki/Coin) . In most Commonwealth countries (/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations) it is known simply as a purse , while "purse" in the United States usually refers to a handbag (/wiki/Handbag) . An obsolete variant is a porte-monnaie . "Purse" can also be a synonym to bursary (/wiki/Bursary) (which has the same origin), i.e. a monetary (/wiki/Money) prize in a competition. [2] (#cite_note-Webster-2) History [ edit ] Antique Indian purse, used by women. The oldest known purse was found with Ötzi the Iceman (/wiki/%C3%96tzi_the_Iceman) who lived around 3,300 BC. Another early example is on Egyptian hieroglyphs (/wiki/Hieroglyph) , which show pouches worn around the waist. The purse-lid from the Sutton Hoo burial (/wiki/Sutton_Hoo_purse-lid) is a very elaborate, probably royal, metalwork cover for a (presumably) leather Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon) purse of about 600 AD. In Europe they often showed social status (/wiki/Social_status) based on the embroidery (/wiki/Embroidery) and quality of the bag. [3] (#cite_note-3) In the 15th century, both men and women wore purses. [4] (#cite_note-4) They were often finely embroidered or ornamented with gold (/wiki/Gold) . It was also customary for men to give their new brides (/wiki/Bride) purses embroidered with an illustration of a love story (/wiki/Romance_(love)) . In the 17th century, bags became more complex and elaborate. Girls were taught skills such as embroidery and needlework (/wiki/Needlework) that could assist them in finding a husband. These skills gave rise to stitched artwork on bags. Around the year 1670, men's breeches (/wiki/Breeches) were made with built-in pockets (/wiki/Pocket) , which caused them to stop carrying purses. They did however carry little netted purses in their pocket to carry money. [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Look up purse (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/purse) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Money bag (/wiki/Money_bag) Shell purse (/wiki/Shell_purse) Wallet (/wiki/Wallet) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Definition of PURSE" (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/purse) . www.merriam-webster.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220430194841/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/purse) from the original on 2022-04-30 . Retrieved 2022-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-Webster_2-0) "Definition of purse" (http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=purse) . Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080101135027/http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=purse) from the original on 2008-01-01 . Retrieved 2007-04-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Alpine ice man takes revenge from beyond the grace" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/alpine-ice-man-takes-revenge-from-beyond-the-grace-503191.html) . The Independent . 2005-04-23. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090721033237/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/alpine-ice-man-takes-revenge-from-beyond-the-grace-503191.html) from the original on 2009-07-21 . Retrieved 2022-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Tolman, Ruth (1973). Guide to Fashion Merchandise Knowledge . Milady Publishing Corporation. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Stone, Caroline (1985). The Embroideries of North Africa . Longman. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-582-78371-3 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230210143634/https://books.google.com/books?id=9Z7YAAAAMAAJ&q=17th+century) from the original on 2023-02-10 . Retrieved 2023-02-10 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Coin purses (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coin_purses) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Bags (/wiki/Bag) and flexible containers (/wiki/Container) Carried Bayong (/wiki/Bayong) Bindle (/wiki/Bindle) Briefcase (/wiki/Briefcase) Bugout bag (/wiki/Bugout_bag) Dillybag (/wiki/Dillybag) Dromedary bag (/wiki/Dromedary_bag) Flight bag (/wiki/Flight_bag) Gaji bag (/wiki/Gaji_bag) Grocery bag (/wiki/Grocery_bag) Hambiliya (/wiki/Hambiliya) Handbag (/wiki/Handbag) Haversack (/wiki/Haversack) Laundry bag (/wiki/Red-white-blue_bag) Medical bag (/wiki/Medical_bag) Money bag (/wiki/Money_bag) Nuclear briefcase (/wiki/Nuclear_briefcase) Plastic shopping bag (/wiki/Plastic_shopping_bag) Red box (government) (/wiki/Red_box_(government)) Reticule (/wiki/Reticule_(handbag)) Reusable shopping bag (/wiki/Reusable_shopping_bag) Shell purse (/wiki/Shell_purse) Shopping bag (/wiki/Shopping_bag) String bag (/wiki/String_bag) Survival bag (/wiki/Survival_bag) Swag (/wiki/Swag_(bedroll)) Tote bag (/wiki/Tote_bag) Tucker bag (/wiki/Tucker_bag) Worn Backpack (/wiki/Backpack) ( Canoe pack (/wiki/Canoe_pack) , Duluth pack (/wiki/Duluth_pack) ) Bandolier bag (/wiki/Bandolier_bag) Bivouac sack (/wiki/Bivouac_shelter) Book bag (/wiki/Book_bag) Fanny pack (/wiki/Fanny_pack) Golf bag (/wiki/Golf_bag) Lightweight Rucksack (/wiki/Lightweight_Rucksack) Medicine bag (/wiki/Medicine_bag) Messenger bag (/wiki/Messenger_bag) Pack basket (/wiki/Pack_basket) Pasiking (/wiki/Pasiking) Randoseru (/wiki/Randoseru) Sabretache (/wiki/Sabretache) Satchel (/wiki/Satchel) Sporran (/wiki/Sporran) Takiding (/wiki/Takiding) Luggage (/wiki/Baggage) Bug-out bag (/wiki/Bug-out_bag) Carpet bag (/wiki/Carpet_bag) Diaper bag (/wiki/Diaper_bag) Diplomatic bag / pouch (/wiki/Diplomatic_bag) Duffel bag (/wiki/Duffel_bag) Garment bag (/wiki/Garment_bag) Gig bag (/wiki/Gig_bag) Gladstone bag (/wiki/Gladstone_bag) Hobo bag (/wiki/Hobo_bag) Holdall (/wiki/Holdall) Nomadic bag (/wiki/Nomadic_bag) Norfolk case (/wiki/Norfolk_cases) Portmanteau (/wiki/Portmanteau_(luggage)) Saddlebag (/wiki/Saddlebag) Suitcase (/wiki/Suitcase) Toiletry bag (/wiki/Toiletry_bag) Train case (/wiki/Train_case) Travel pack (/wiki/Travel_pack) Trunk (/wiki/Trunk_(luggage)) Postal Catcher pouch (/wiki/Catcher_pouch) Mail bag (/wiki/Mail_bag) Mail pouch (/wiki/Mail_pouch) Mail sack (/wiki/Mail_sack) Mail satchel (/wiki/Mail_satchel) Mochila (/wiki/Pony_Express_mochila) Padded envelope (/wiki/Padded_envelope) Portmanteau (/wiki/Portmanteau_(mail)) Containers Antistatic bag (/wiki/Antistatic_bag) Bag-in-box (/wiki/Bag-in-box) Bin bag (/wiki/Bin_bag) Biodegradable bag (/wiki/Biodegradable_bag) Bota bag (/wiki/Bota_bag) Coffee bag (/wiki/Coffee_bag) Flexible intermediate bulk container (/wiki/Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container) Boil-in-bag (/wiki/Boil-in-bag) Fuel bladder (/wiki/Fuel_bladder) Mashk (/wiki/Mashk) Milk bag (/wiki/Milk_bag) Packet (container) (/wiki/Packet_(container)) 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Canadian sporting goods retailer Sports Experts Inc. Industry Retail Founded 1967 Area served Canada Owner Canadian Tire (/wiki/Canadian_Tire) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Provigo (/wiki/Provigo) (1981–1994) FGL Sports (1994–2011) Canadian Tire (/wiki/Canadian_Tire) (2011–present) Website sportsexperts.ca (https://www.sportsexperts.ca/) Sports Experts Inc. is a major Canadian sports-retailer franchise (/wiki/Franchising) primarily located in Quebec (/wiki/Quebec) . It is part of FGL Sports (/wiki/FGL_Sports) (formerly The Forzani Group), itself part of the Canadian Tire (/wiki/Canadian_Tire) group. History [ edit ] Sports Experts was founded in 1967. [1] (#cite_note-History-1) It was purchased by Provigo (/wiki/Provigo) in December 1980. [2] (#cite_note-2) On February 5, 1985, Sports Experts, which at the time had 108 locations across Quebec and The Maritimes (/wiki/The_Maritimes) , merged with Toronto-based Collegiate Arlington Sports (/w/index.php?title=Collegiate_Arlington_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) , a sporting-goods chain of 44 stores in Quebec, Manitoba (/wiki/Manitoba) , Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) , Alberta (/wiki/Alberta) and British Columbia (/wiki/British_Columbia) . [3] (#cite_note-5_Feb_1985-3) The merger went in effect in April 1985 and the combined company took on the name Sports Experts Inc . [3] (#cite_note-5_Feb_1985-3) The Arlington locations initially continued under their namesake but had all been converted to the Sports Experts banner by 1986. [4] (#cite_note-April_2,_1986-4) In 1994, Provigo sold Sports Experts to the Forzani Group. [1] (#cite_note-History-1) The Forzani Group has since been acquired by Canadian Tire (/wiki/Canadian_Tire) in 2011. [1] (#cite_note-History-1) As of 2021, the largest Sports Experts store is located at the Laurier Quebec (/wiki/Laurier_Quebec) shopping mall in Quebec City (/wiki/Quebec_City) . [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Sport Chek (/wiki/Sport_Chek) , the Western Canada and Ontario sister brand to Sports Experts Intersport (/wiki/Intersport) , a sister store to Sports Experts in Canada, Canadian licensee of the international marque References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Our history" (https://www.sportsexperts.ca/en-CA/business-overview/Our-history) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Sports Experts set to digest its plum acquisition". Montreal Gazette (/wiki/Montreal_Gazette) . Montreal. 27 May 1981. p. 59. ^ Jump up to: a b "Provigo to control sporting-goods chain" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=Fr8DH2VBP9sC&dat=19850205&printsec=frontpage&hl=en) . Montreal Gazette (/wiki/Montreal_Gazette) . Montreal. February 2, 1985. p. D1. ^ (#cite_ref-April_2,_1986_4-0) "Sports Experts advertisement" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=Fr8DH2VBP9sC&dat=19860402&printsec=frontpage&hl=en) . Montreal Gazette (/wiki/Montreal_Gazette) . Montreal. April 2, 1986. p. B6. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Toneguzzi, Mario (November 11, 2021). "Groupe Boucher Opens Canada's Largest Sports Store in Quebec City [Interview/Photos]" (https://retail-insider.com/retail-insider/2021/11/groupe-boucher-opens-canadas-largest-sports-store-in-quebec-city-interview-photos/) . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.sportsexperts.ca/) v t e Canadian Tire Retail brands Canadian Tire Canadian Tire Bank (/wiki/Canadian_Tire_Financial_Services) Canadian Tire Gas+ (/wiki/Canadian_Tire#Canadian_Tire_Petroleum) Mark's (/wiki/Mark%27s) PartSource (/wiki/PartSource) Party City Canada (/wiki/Party_City_Canada) FGL Sports Sport Chek (/wiki/Sport_Chek) Sports Experts Product brands Helly Hansen (/wiki/Helly_Hansen) Mastercraft (/wiki/Mastercraft_(tool_brand)) MotoMaster (/wiki/MotoMaster) NOMA (/wiki/NOMA_(company)) Key people Alfred Jackson Billes (/wiki/Alfred_Jackson_Billes) (co-founder) John William Billes (/wiki/John_William_Billes) (co-founder) Rewards programs Canadian Tire money (/wiki/Canadian_Tire_money) Triangle Rewards (/wiki/Triangle_Rewards) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/316907906) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐xd2v6 Cached time: 20240712210330 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.316 seconds Real time usage: 0.722 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1479/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27967/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1377/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 33029/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.215/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4708778/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 424.327 1 -total 32.95% 139.824 1 Template:Reflist 27.00% 114.557 2 Template:Cite_web 20.92% 88.760 2 Template:Navbox 20.79% 88.207 1 Template:Canadian_Tire 19.93% 84.549 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.73% 75.228 1 Template:Infobox 17.56% 74.507 1 Template:Short_description 10.70% 45.389 2 Template:Pagetype 6.40% 27.173 1 Template:Authority_control Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:6423449-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712210330 and revision id 1232514384. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sports_Experts&oldid=1232514384 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sports_Experts&oldid=1232514384) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Retail companies established in 1967 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1967) 1967 establishments in Quebec (/wiki/Category:1967_establishments_in_Quebec) Canadian brands (/wiki/Category:Canadian_brands) Canadian Tire (/wiki/Category:Canadian_Tire) Sporting goods retailers of Canada (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_retailers_of_Canada) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers)
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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐w42v8 Cached time: 20240720042028 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52333959-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720042028 and revision id 754730569. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing brands of Turkey" The following 12 pages are in this category, out of 12 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Beymen (/wiki/Beymen) C Hussein Chalayan (/wiki/Hussein_Chalayan) Colin's (/wiki/Colin%27s) D DeFacto (retailer) (/wiki/DeFacto_(retailer)) Derimod (/wiki/Derimod) Desa (company) (/wiki/Desa_(company)) K Kiğılı (/wiki/Ki%C4%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1) Koton (company) (/wiki/Koton_(company)) L LC Waikiki (/wiki/LC_Waikiki) M Mavi Jeans (/wiki/Mavi_Jeans) R Ramsey (retailer) (/wiki/Ramsey_(retailer)) V Vakko (/wiki/Vakko) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_brands_of_Turkey&oldid=754730569 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_brands_of_Turkey&oldid=754730569) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_by_country) Turkish fashion (/wiki/Category:Turkish_fashion) Turkish brands (/wiki/Category:Turkish_brands)
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Gianfranco Lotti Retail Industry Luxury leather goods [1] (#cite_note-1) Founded Florence, Tuscany (/wiki/Florence,_Tuscany) , Italy [2] (#cite_note-2) 1968 ; 56 years ago ( 1968 ) Founder Gianfranco Lotti Headquarters Via di Porto 35, Scandicci (/wiki/Scandicci) , Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Number of locations 5 boutiques Areas served Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) , Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , Chongqing (/wiki/Chongqing) Key people Gianfranco Lotti ( founder and board member ) Products Handbag (/wiki/Handbag) Jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) Ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Number of employees 130 (2016) Website www (http://www.gianfrancolotti.com) .gianfrancolotti (http://www.gianfrancolotti.com) .com (http://www.gianfrancolotti.com) Gianfranco Lotti is a designer leather handbag company based in Florence, Italy. Its founder and owner is Gianfranco Lotti. History [ edit ] Gianfranco Lotti opened his first workshop in Florence in 1968, after a long apprenticeship. Lotti opened his first boutique in Via de' Tornabuoni (/wiki/Via_de%27_Tornabuoni) , in the historic center of Florence (/wiki/Florence) . [3] (#cite_note-focus-3) In 2013, the original parent company of Gianfranco Lotti, Bottega Manifatturiera Borse SpA, was purchased by the German fund, Halder, with Franco Lucà as the new CEO. Lotti was named as the technical advisor to Gianfranco Lotti Retail S.R.L. In addition to the Florence boutique, single-brand stores were opened in Rue Saint-Honoré (/wiki/Rue_Saint-Honor%C3%A9) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) [4] (#cite_note-4) and Chongqing (/wiki/Chongqing) in China (/wiki/China) . There is also a single-brand boutique on Via Monte Napoleone (/wiki/Via_Monte_Napoleone) , Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [3] (#cite_note-focus-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Gianfranco Lotti" (http://www.gianfrancolotti.com) . Gianfranco Lotti . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Who's Who in Italy (2014 ed.). Milano: Who's Who. 2014. pp. 2267–2268. ^ Jump up to: a b "MFFashion.com - Focus sul retail per gianfranco lotti" (http://www.mffashion.com/it/archivio/2016/03/08/focus-sul-retail-per-gianfranco-lotti) . Retrieved 7 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Gianfranco Lotti a Parigi" (http://www.vogue.it/trends/shop-in-the-shops/2014/07/gianfranco-lotti-a-parigi) . Vogue . Vogue Magazine (/wiki/Vogue_Magazine) / Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) . Retrieved 18 February 2016 . This article about a fashion brand, house, corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gianfranco_Lotti&action=edit) . v t e This Italian corporation or company article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gianfranco_Lotti&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐8x6s8 Cached time: 20240712184818 Cache expiry: 1660304 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.293 seconds Real time usage: 0.394 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1586/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23128/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2076/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24674/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.191/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4494868/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 361.925 1 -total 44.85% 162.334 1 Template:Infobox_company 40.88% 147.948 1 Template:Infobox 30.28% 109.605 1 Template:Reflist 24.64% 89.164 3 Template:Cite_web 18.65% 67.497 2 Template:Asbox 18.52% 67.022 1 Template:Fashion-company-stub 4.74% 17.144 1 Template:Authority_control 2.61% 9.447 1 Template:URL 2.52% 9.105 1 Template:Comma_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50351370-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712184818 and revision id 1122121476. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gianfranco_Lotti&oldid=1122121476 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gianfranco_Lotti&oldid=1122121476) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion designers from Florence (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designers_from_Florence) Fashion company stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_company_stubs) Italian company stubs (/wiki/Category:Italian_company_stubs) Hidden category: All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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Japanese actress and model (born 1988) In this Japanese name (/wiki/Japanese_name) , the surname (/wiki/Surname) is Arai (/wiki/Arai_(surname)) . Nanao Nanao at the 36th Tokyo International Film Festival (/wiki/36th_Tokyo_International_Film_Festival) in October 2023 Born Nanao Arai ( 1988-10-28 ) October 28, 1988 (age 35) Saitama Prefecture, Japan (/wiki/Japan) Occupations Model (/wiki/Model_(person)) actress Years active 2009–present Agent Platinum Production (/wiki/Platinum_Production) Height 1.72 m (5 ft 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) Japanese name Kanji (/wiki/Kanji) 荒井 菜々緒 Hiragana (/wiki/Hiragana) あらい ななお Transcriptions Romanization (/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese) Arai Nanao Nanao Arai ( 荒井 菜々緒 , Arai Nanao , born October 28, 1988) [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) known professionally by her mononym Nanao ( 菜々緒 ) , [3] (#cite_note-3) is a Japanese actress and model who is affiliated with Platinum Production (/wiki/Platinum_Production) . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Early life and career [ edit ] Nanao was born on October 28, 1988 in Saitama Prefecture (/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture) , Japan. Nanao began her entertainment activities in 2009 when she was 20 years old, she was a regular model as a martial arts (/wiki/Martial_arts) ring girl (/wiki/Ring_girl) and race queen (/wiki/Race_queen) in the magazine Pinky (/wiki/Pinky_(magazine)) which became a turning point, she won the Miss TGC of Tokyo Girls Collection (/wiki/Tokyo_Girls_Collection) and the 2010 Sanai Mizugi Image Girl and was a fashion model for Non-no (/wiki/Non-no) . [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2011, she became an exclusive model for the magazine Ginger . [7] (#cite_note-7) Nanao was also notable as a tarento (/wiki/Tarento) from her activities. [8] (#cite_note-8) She has appeared in various fashion magazines, television commercials, dramas, and variety shows. [9] (#cite_note-9) Filmography [ edit ] Films [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes Ref(s) 2014 The Snow White Murder Case (/wiki/The_Snow_White_Murder_Case) Noriko Miki [10] (#cite_note-10) The Mole Song: Undercover Agent Reiji (/wiki/The_Mole_Song:_Undercover_Agent_Reiji) [11] (#cite_note-mole-11) 2015 Bali Big Brother (/wiki/Bali_Big_Brother) Kana [12] (#cite_note-12) April Fools (/wiki/April_Fools_(2015_film)) Reiko [13] (#cite_note-13) Grasshopper (/wiki/Grasshopper_(film)) Hiyoko [14] (#cite_note-14) 2016 One Piece Film: Gold (/wiki/One_Piece_Film:_Gold) Baccarat Voice 2017 Gintama (/wiki/Gintama_(film)) Matako Kijima 2019 Masquerade Hotel (/wiki/Masquerade_Hotel) Eriko Anno 2020 Wotakoi: Love Is Hard for Otaku (/wiki/Wotakoi:_Love_Is_Hard_for_Otaku_(film)) Hanako Koyanagi 2021 Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Eternal: The Movie (/wiki/Sailor_Moon_Eternal) Queen Nehelenia (/wiki/Dead_Moon_Circus#Queen_Nehelenia) Voice [15] (#cite_note-15) The Supporting Actors: The Movie Herself [16] (#cite_note-16) Jigoku no Hanazono: Office Royale Shuri Andō [17] (#cite_note-17) The Mole Song: Final (/wiki/The_Mole_Song:_Final) [11] (#cite_note-mole-11) 2022 7 Secretaries: The Movie Fujiko Hase [18] (#cite_note-7hisho-18) 2023 Tokyo MER: Mobile Emergency Room: The Movie Natsume Kuramae [19] (#cite_note-TMER-19) Lumberjack the Monster (/wiki/Lumberjack_the_Monster) Ranko Toshiro [20] (#cite_note-20) TV series [ edit ] Year Title Role Network Notes Ref(s) 2011 Urero Mikakunin Shōjo Nanao/Toyomoto 13-gō TV Tokyo (/wiki/TV_Tokyo) [21] (#cite_note-21) 2012 Omo ni Naitemasu Izumi Konno Fuji TV (/wiki/Fuji_TV) Lead [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Urero Mikansei Shōjo Minerva/Toyomoto 13-gō TV Tokyo [24] (#cite_note-24) 2013 Lucky Seven (/wiki/Lucky_Seven_(TV_series)) Haruka Fuji TV Special [25] (#cite_note-25) Last Cinderella (/wiki/Last_Cinderella) Chiyoko Ōgami Fuji TV [26] (#cite_note-26) Miss Pilot (/wiki/Miss_Pilot) Rinko Suzuki Fuji TV [27] (#cite_note-27) 2014 Hoshi Shinichi Mystery Special "Teido no Mondai" Marianna Fuji TV [28] (#cite_note-28) First Class Remie Kawashima Fuji TV [29] (#cite_note-29) Honto ni Atta Kowai Hanashi 15-shūnen Special "Ude o Chōdai" Masami Nakagawa Fuji TV [30] (#cite_note-30) Natsu no Owari ni Koi o Shita. Nanami Takeuchi Fuji TV [31] (#cite_note-31) Doctor X: Gekai Daimon Michiko Maya Kujū TV Asahi (/wiki/TV_Asahi) Episode 9 [32] (#cite_note-32) 2015 Masshiro (/wiki/Masshiro) Asuka Hano TBS (/wiki/Tokyo_Broadcasting_System) [33] (#cite_note-33) Ghost Writer Manami Tsukada Fuji TV [34] (#cite_note-34) Futagashira (/wiki/Futagashira) Okon Wowow (/wiki/Wowow) [35] (#cite_note-35) Renai Aruaru Fuji TV [36] (#cite_note-36) Heat Eri Yūki KTV (/wiki/Kansai_Telecasting_Corporation) [37] (#cite_note-37) 2016 Kaitō Yamaneko (/wiki/Kait%C5%8D_Yamaneko) Sakura Kirishima NTV (/wiki/Nippon_Television) [38] (#cite_note-38) 2017 Naotora: The Lady Warlord (/wiki/Naotora:_The_Lady_Warlord) Lady Tsukiyama (/wiki/Lady_Tsukiyama) NHK Taiga drama (/wiki/Taiga_drama) A Life Minori Sakakibara TBS I'm Your Destiny Mitue Yotsuya NTV 2018 BG Personal Bodyguard (/wiki/BG_Personal_Bodyguard) Mayu Suganuma TV Asahi Miss Devil Mako Tsubaki NTV Lead 2019 Inhand TBS 2020 7 Secretaries Fujiko Hase TV Asahi [18] (#cite_note-7hisho-18) 2021 Oh My Boss! Love not included (/wiki/Oh_My_Boss!_Love_not_included) TBS Tokyo MER: Mobile Emergency Room Natsume Kuramae TBS [19] (#cite_note-TMER-19) Japanese dub [ edit ] Year Title Role Dubed voice Notes Ref(s) 2013 G.I. Joe: Retaliation (/wiki/G.I._Joe:_Retaliation) Lady Jaye (/wiki/Lady_Jaye) Adrianne Palicki (/wiki/Adrianne_Palicki) [39] (#cite_note-39) 2018 Ralph Breaks the Internet (/wiki/Ralph_Breaks_the_Internet) Shank Gal Gadot (/wiki/Gal_Gadot) Animation [40] (#cite_note-40) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "菜々緒、バレンタインの予定・ストレス解消法を語る モデルプレスインタビュー" (http://mdpr.jp/interview/detail/1167269) . 19 January 2012 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2012年2月3日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-2) "菜々緒、さいたま市の観光宣伝部長に就任「今でも自慢の地元」" (http://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1207101) . 14 October 2012 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2012年10月15日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-3) "菜々緒、スタイルキープ法・美肌の秘訣を語る モデルプレスインタビュー" (http://mdpr.jp/interview/detail/1150442) . 9 August 2011 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2011年9月6日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-4) "菜々緒、沢尻エリカ主演「ファースト・クラス」撮影終了を報告 豪華出演者とのオフショットも公開" (http://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1374473) . 11 June 2014 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2014年6月11日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-5) "プラチナム軍団がビーチに集結 交際中の菜々緒、今夏は「仕事人間に」" (http://www.oricon.co.jp/news/entertainment/2014340/full/) . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . Oricon Style (/wiki/Oricon) (July 15, 2012). ^ (#cite_ref-6) "【ファッションモデル・プロファイル】2010年三愛水着イメージガール" (http://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/4943994/) . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2010年8月16日 livedoor HOMME ^ (#cite_ref-7) "菜々緒、女性誌で念願の初表紙 色気の秘密は「レースのTバック」" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150714113842/http://mdpr.jp/review/detail/1199219) . Archived from the original (http://mdpr.jp/review/detail/1199219) on 2015-07-14 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2012年8月23日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-8) "菜々緒、女優デビューには批判の声も「恐れずに進んでいきたい」" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150714113859/http://mdpr.jp/review/detail/1208363) . Archived from the original (http://mdpr.jp/review/detail/1208363) on 2015-07-14 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2012年10月23日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-9) " (http://mdpr.jp/interview/detail/1346499) "女優"菜々緒、現在の本音「どんどんのめり込んでいる」 モデルプレスインタビュー" (http://mdpr.jp/interview/detail/1346499) . 29 March 2014 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2014年4月3日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-10) "菜々緒、映画初出演！「白ゆき姫殺人事件」で謎の死を遂げる"白ゆき姫"に" (https://eiga.com/news/20131102/2/) . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2013年11月2日 映画.com ^ Jump up to: a b "生田斗真主演「土竜の唄」に堤真一、仲里依紗ら続投、岡村隆史や菜々緒も大暴れ" (https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/437564) . Natalie . Retrieved July 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) 菜々緒「神様はバリにいる」でセクシービキニ姿を惜しげもなく披露 (in Japanese). eiga.com inc . Retrieved 2015-07-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) 菜々緒、"エイプリルフール"に大胆な美脚写真。「初日舞台挨拶には、欠席いたします」 (in Japanese). Mediaproductsjapan Co, Ltd. April 2015 . Retrieved 2015-07-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) 波瑠、生田斗真の婚約者役 映画『グラスホッパー』出演 (in Japanese). oricon ME inc . Retrieved 2015-07-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Sailor Moon Eternal Anime Films Reveal Trailer, Visual, Cast Member" (https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-10-15/sailor-moon-eternal-anime-films-reveal-trailer-visual-cast-member/.165272) . Anime News Network (/wiki/Anime_News_Network) . 2020-10-15 . Retrieved 2020-10-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "映画「バイプレイヤーズ」の新キャスト8名解禁！有村架純、天海祐希、役所広司ら" (https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/414935) . Natalie . Retrieved February 4, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "菜々緒、人生初のド迫力コーンロウ姿でメンチ切りまくり『地獄の花園』で"悪魔"のOLに" (https://www.crank-in.net/news/86358/1) . Crank-in! . 18 February 2021 . Retrieved February 18, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "木村文乃主演「七人の秘書」映画化決定 広瀬アリス・菜々緒ら再集結 特報映像＆ティザービジュアル解禁" (https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/3123994) . Model Press . 25 April 2022 . Retrieved April 26, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "鈴木亮平主演「TOKYO MER」映画化、賀来賢人や中条あやみも続投" (https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/460427) . Natalie . Retrieved January 5, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "怪物の木こり" (https://eiga.com/movie/99644/) . eiga.com . Retrieved June 7, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) TV ウレロ☆未確認少女 . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Model Nanao to make acting debut in new Fuji TV drama series, 'Omoni Naitemasu' (http://www.tokyohive.com/article/2012/05/model-nanao-to-make-acting-debut-in-new-fuji-tv-drama-series-omoni-naitemasu) " (http://www.tokyohive.com/article/2012/05/model-nanao-to-make-acting-debut-in-new-fuji-tv-drama-series-omoni-naitemasu) . tokyohive . 6Theory Media, LLC . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) 主に泣いてます (フジテレビジョン): 2013 (in Japanese). National Diet Library . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) TV ウレロ☆未完成少女 . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) TVM ラッキーセブン スペシャル . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) ラスト♡シンデレラ Last♥cinderella (フジテレビジョン): 2013 (in Japanese). National Diet Library . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) TV ミス・パイロット . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) TVM 星新一ミステリーSP . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) ファースト・クラス First class : desire, lust, betrayal, envy, passion beautiful cats hide their wild claws (フジテレビジョン): 2014 (in Japanese). National Diet Library . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) TVM ほんとにあった怖い話15周年スペシャル . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) TV 夏の終わりに、恋をした。 . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) TV ドクターX ～外科医・大門未知子～ （第3期） . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) TV まっしろ . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) TV ゴーストライター . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) TV ふたがしら . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) TVM 恋愛あるある。 . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) TV HEAT . allcinema (in Japanese). Stingray . Retrieved 2015-07-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) 菜々緒と加藤諒 『怪盗 山猫』オフショットに「顔の大きさが！」 (in Japanese). MEDIAPRODUCTSJAPAN CO, LTD. 31 January 2016 . Retrieved 2016-03-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "菜々緒、「寂しい」破局後の心境を語る" (http://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1237532) . 3 April 2013 . Retrieved 2015-07-06 . 2013年4月17日 モデルプレス ^ (#cite_ref-40) "シュガー・ラッシュ：オンライン" (https://www.fukikaeru.com/?p=10747) . Fukikaeru . Retrieved February 2, 2023 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Nanao (model) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nanao_(model)) at Wikimedia Commons Nanao (https://talent.platinumproduction.jp/nanao) at Platinum Production (/wiki/Platinum_Production) (in Japanese) Nanao (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4206125/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Nanao (https://x.com/NANAO1028) on X (/wiki/X_(social_network)) Nanao (https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/people.php?id=136050) at Anime News Network (/wiki/Anime_News_Network) 's encyclopedia v t e Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix (/wiki/Nikkan_Sports_Drama_Grand_Prix) Best Supporting Actress Izumi Inamori (/wiki/Izumi_Inamori) (1998) Kyoko Fukada (/wiki/Kyoko_Fukada) (1999) Miki Mizuno (/wiki/Miki_Mizuno) (2000) Mayo Suzukaze (/wiki/Mayo_Suzukaze) (2001) Yūki Amami (/wiki/Y%C5%ABki_Amami) (2002) Akiko Yada (/wiki/Akiko_Yada) (2003) Koyuki (/wiki/Koyuki) (2004) Aya Okamoto (/wiki/Aya_Okamoto) (2005) Hiroko Yakushimaru (/wiki/Hiroko_Yakushimaru) (2006) Kyōka Suzuki (/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dka_Suzuki) (2007) Yuu Kashii (/wiki/Yuu_Kashii) (2008) Juri Ueno (/wiki/Juri_Ueno) (2009) Aya Ōmasa (/wiki/Aya_%C5%8Cmasa) (2010) Anne Watanabe (/wiki/Anne_Watanabe) (2012) Erika Toda (/wiki/Erika_Toda) (2013) Ko Shibasaki (/wiki/Ko_Shibasaki) (2014) Fumino Kimura (/wiki/Fumino_Kimura) (2015) Chiaki Kuriyama (/wiki/Chiaki_Kuriyama) (2016) Eiko Koike (/wiki/Eiko_Koike) (2017) Fumino Kimura (/wiki/Fumino_Kimura) (2018) Rio Uchida (/wiki/Rio_Uchida) (2019) Nanao (2020) Fumi Nikaido (/wiki/Fumi_Nikaido) (2021) Aju Makita (/wiki/Aju_Makita) (2022) Yuina Kuroshima (/wiki/Yuina_Kuroshima) (2023) Ai Yoshikawa (/wiki/Ai_Yoshikawa) (2024) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/299732298) National Japan (https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001133546) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐cggcg Cached time: 20240719051107 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.765 seconds Real time usage: 0.949 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4091/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 105520/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4764/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 170256/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.497/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 25205829/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 881.583 1 -total 39.23% 345.826 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.37% 267.735 1 Template:Reflist 26.57% 234.275 40 Template:Cite_web 17.12% 150.894 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 9.16% 80.754 1 Template:Short_description 7.42% 65.371 1 Template:Nikkan_Sports_Drama_Grand_Prix_Best_Supporting_Actress 6.17% 54.380 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 5.17% 45.614 1 Template:Navbox 4.94% 43.584 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:47167133-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719051107 and revision id 1226604510. 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1st Green October Event Award Green October Event 2015 Date 1 October 2015 Venue Peninsula Hotel, Lekki (/wiki/Lekki) , Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) , Nigeria Country Nigeria Hosted by Tarmar Awobotu and Emmanuel Ikubese (/wiki/Emmanuel_Ikubese) Green October Event · 2016 (/w/index.php?title=Green_October_Event_2016&action=edit&redlink=1) → The Green October Event 2015 was the inaugural edition of the Green October Event, held on October 1, 2015, at Peninsula Hotel in Lekki (/wiki/Lekki) , Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) , Nigeria. Tarmar Awobotu and Emmanuel Ikubese (/wiki/Emmanuel_Ikubese) took on the role of hosts for the inaugural edition of the event, which was primarily centered around raising awareness for children living with Down syndrome in Nigeria. [1] (#cite_note-LAM-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-LA-3) The event featured prominent fashion designers including O'Saunders, Agatha Moreno, Cal Ogbah Clothing, Sassy Fashion House, Fabulousadivastiche, Neri Couture, S2 Dynamics, Adunni-Oge Couture, and VickyHeldan, who showcased their designs during the event. [1] (#cite_note-LAM-1) [3] (#cite_note-LA-3) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Photos: La Mode Magazine Green October Event 2015!" (https://lamodespot.com/photos-la-mode-magazine-green-october-event-2015) . La Mode Magazine . 5 October 2015 . Retrieved 30 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Banah, Namang (19 August 2015). "Green October La Mode Magazine fashion Show and Humanitarian Award set for Oct 1" (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/green-october-la-mode-magazine-fashion-show-and-humanitarian-award-set-for-oct-1/xr2ppmp) . Pulse Nigeria . Retrieved 30 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Photos :Amazing Guests At La Mode Magazine Green October Event 2015!" (https://lamodespot.com/photos-amazing-guests-at-la-mode-magazine-green-october-event-2015) . La Mode Magazine . 15 October 2015 . Retrieved 30 December 2020 . This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the article namespace (/wiki/Wikipedia:NS0) . Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Nigerian awards (/wiki/Category:Nigerian_awards) Business and industry awards (/wiki/Category:Business_and_industry_awards) Awards for contributions to society (/wiki/Category:Awards_for_contributions_to_society) Humanitarian and service awards (/wiki/Category:Humanitarian_and_service_awards) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐67d4b74ff6‐66hq8 Cached time: 20240722142215 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.215 seconds Real time usage: 0.286 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1208/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15475/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1931/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13891/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.131/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4124083/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 272.083 1 -total 42.17% 114.735 1 Template:Reflist 36.50% 99.302 3 Template:Cite_web 33.03% 89.866 1 Template:Infobox_award 28.13% 76.546 1 Template:Infobox 17.98% 48.930 2 Template:Short_description 11.85% 32.253 2 Template:Pagetype 5.58% 15.187 1 Template:Drafts_moved_from_mainspace 3.84% 10.457 1 Template:Draft_other 3.19% 8.675 1 Template:Dated_maintenance_category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:66244711-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722142215 and revision id 1204453337. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Green_October_Event_2015&oldid=1204453337 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Green_October_Event_2015&oldid=1204453337) " Hidden categories: Content moved from mainspace to draftspace from February 2024 (/wiki/Category:Content_moved_from_mainspace_to_draftspace_from_February_2024) All content moved from mainspace to draftspace (/wiki/Category:All_content_moved_from_mainspace_to_draftspace)
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Informal type of uniform used by military Senior officers wearing the service dress of the Royal Australian Air Force, US Marine Corps and US Navy. Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Formal_wear) on Western dress codes (/wiki/Western_dress_codes) and corresponding attires (/wiki/Clothing) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) ( full dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) White tie (/wiki/White_tie) Morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) Full dress uniform (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) ( half dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) Black tie (/wiki/Black_tie) Black lounge suit (/wiki/Black_lounge_suit) Mess dress uniform (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) ( undress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) , "dress clothes") Suit (/wiki/Suit) Service dress uniform Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Casual (/wiki/Casual_wear) (anything not above) Business casual (/wiki/Business_casual) Casual Friday (/wiki/Casual_Friday) Combat uniform (/wiki/Combat_uniform) Smart casual (/wiki/Smart_casual) Workwear (/wiki/Workwear) Streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear) known as Sportswear (fashion) (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) and Athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) Undress (/wiki/Undress_code) Supplementary alternatives Ceremonial dress (/wiki/Ceremonial_dress) law courts (/wiki/Court_dress) royal courts (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) diplomatic (/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform) academic (/wiki/Academic_dress) , etc. Religious clothing (/wiki/Religious_clothing) cassock (/wiki/Cassock) , habit (/wiki/Religious_habit) , etc. Folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) Distinctions Orders (/wiki/Order_(distinction)) medals (/wiki/Medal) , etc. Legend: = Day (before 6 p.m.) = Evening (after 6 p.m.) = Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) colour = Ladies = Gentlemen Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) v t e Service dress uniform is the informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) type of uniform (/wiki/Uniform) used by military (/wiki/Military) , police (/wiki/Police) , fire (/wiki/Firefighter) and other public uniformed services (/wiki/Uniformed_services) for everyday office (/wiki/Office) , barracks (/wiki/Barracks) and non-field duty purposes and sometimes for ceremonial occasions. It frequently consists of a jacket (/wiki/Jacket) , trousers (/wiki/Trousers) , dress shirt (/wiki/Dress_shirt) , and neck tie (/wiki/Neck_tie) , along with orders (/wiki/Order_(distinction)) , medals (/wiki/Medals) , and insignia (/wiki/Insignia) . Design may depend on regiment (/wiki/Regiment) or service branch (/wiki/Service_branch) , e.g. army (/wiki/Army) , navy (/wiki/Navy) , air force (/wiki/Air_force) , marines (/wiki/Marines) , etc. In Western dress codes (/wiki/Western_dress_codes) , a service dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian (/wiki/Civilian) suit (/wiki/Suit) - sometimes collectively called undress (/wiki/Undress) or "dress clothes". As such, a service dress uniform is considered less formal than both full dress (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) and mess dress uniforms (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) , but more formal than combat uniforms (/wiki/Combat_uniform) . Service dress uniforms were originally worn in active service in the field or at sea, but became relegated to office, barracks, and walking out dress as more practical field uniforms evolved. In some parts of some armed forces such as the British Army (/wiki/British_Army) , service dress uniform may also be used for ceremonial occasions, gradually replacing in this role the full dress uniforms that had preceded them as field uniforms. In the United States Navy (/wiki/United_States_Navy) , for example, service dress uniforms are worn for official functions not rising to the level of full dress or mess dress uniforms. They are also commonly worn when travelling in official capacity, or when reporting to a command (/wiki/Command_(military_formation)) . They may be seasonal, with a white uniform worn in summer and darker versions in winter. History [ edit ] The origins of the service dress can be traced back to when the British introduced khaki to their uniforms in India in the mid 18th century, with its official introduction into the regular British Army commenced in the early 1900s. Service dress uniform by country [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] Further information: Uniforms of the Australian Army (/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Australian_Army) The Service Dress in use by the Australian Army (/wiki/Australian_Army) is the ceremonial dress, a continuation of the uniform of the world wars. Canada [ edit ] Further information: Uniforms of the Canadian Armed Forces (/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces) Members of the Canadian Army (/wiki/Canadian_Army) , Royal Canadian Air Force (/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force) , and Royal Canadian Navy (/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy) , with the latter two elements wearing their respective No. 3B Service Dress uniforms . Although the Canadian Armed Forces (/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces) is a single service, its respective environmental commands maintain "distinctive environmental uniforms," distinct for its specific environmental branch (including the Canadian Army (/wiki/Canadian_Army) , the Royal Canadian Air Force (/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force) , and the Royal Canadian Navy (/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy) ). Service dress is listed as No. 3 Service Dress in the Canadian Armed Forces order of dress. The order of dress may be further split into five variant. [1] (#cite_note-can-1) The complete service dress uniform, known as No. 3 Duty includes the service's headgear, neck tie, name tag. The uniform's jacket, trousers, and collared shirt, are coloured in the style of their environmental command. A skirt may be used by females members in place of trousers. [1] (#cite_note-can-1) Service dress with a long-sleeve collared shirt and no jacket is known as No. 3A, while service dress with a short-sleeved collared shirt and no jacket is No. 3B. [1] (#cite_note-can-1) Wearing an authorized sweater over the collared shirt, instead of a jacket is known as No. 3C. [1] (#cite_note-can-1) No. 3D Service Dress is the Canadian Armed Forces tropical service dress, and is similar in wear to No. 3B, except it is coloured in tan; and shorts may be worn in place of trousers. [1] (#cite_note-can-1) Israel [ edit ] Members of the Israeli Defence Force (/wiki/Israeli_Defence_Force) in their olive-green Madei Alef service dress uniform. When founded in 1948, only khaki combat uniforms were issued to the Israeli Defence Force (/wiki/Israeli_Defence_Force) Ground Arm. In April, 1948, the first military parade was held, in which soldiers wore the Hittlemacher hat, a square cap with a flap at the back to protect the neck from sun exposure. A winter uniform similar to British Army No. 2 Dress (/wiki/Service_Dress_(British_Army)) was introduced in the 1950s, and uniforms similar to British Army Barrack Dress was often worn for ceremonial parades from the 1950s and 1960s. For female soldiers, these uniforms included skirts, brown dress shoes (known as Golda shoes for Golda Meir (/wiki/Golda_Meir) ) and caps similar to those worn by airline stewardesses known as rooster caps . [2] (#cite_note-2) Presently, the Madei Alef uniforms serves as the IDF's service dress uniform. Made out of rayon (/wiki/Rayon) , the uniforms consist of a shirt, trousers, sweater, jacket or blouse, and shoes or boots. The general service dress uniform is coloured olive-green, although the Madei Alef uniforms used by the Israeli Sea Corps (/wiki/Israeli_Sea_Corps) and Air Force (/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force) are coloured beige. United Kingdom [ edit ] Further information: Uniforms of the British Armed Forces (/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_British_Armed_Forces) British Army [ edit ] General (/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)) Sir Nicholas Houghton dressed in the British Army (/wiki/British_Army) 's No. 2 Service Dress. The British Army (/wiki/British_Army) has issued khaki Service Dress uniforms (/wiki/Service_Dress_(British_Army)) for use in the field shortly since after the Second Boer War (/wiki/Second_Boer_War) in the early 1900s. Since World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , the uniform has been referred to as No. 2 Dress, with the tunic being swapped out for a jacket with an open collar for wear with collared shirt and tie. Berets may be worn in place of a peaked cap. Additionally, officers of the British Army are authorized to wear a second variant of service dress, known as No. 4 Warm Weather Service Dress. The uniform is similar to No. 2 Service Dress, except it is stone grey coloured, made from a polyester (/wiki/Polyester) / wool (/wiki/Wool) worsted (/wiki/Worsted) mix. No. 4 Service Dress is typically worn on warm-weather formal occasions not including parades. Royal Marines [ edit ] The green Parade Lovats, left, worn by an RM officer. In the Royal Marines the equivalent of British Army service dress is Number 1B dress 'Parade Lovats'. United States [ edit ] The five service branches of the United States Armed Forces (/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces) each maintain their own variant of service dress. United States Air Force [ edit ] Further information: Uniforms of the United States Air Force (/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Air_Force) The service dress uniforms used by the United States Air Force (/wiki/United_States_Air_Force) consist of a blue jacket and matching trousers worn with a light blue shirt and blue tie. A side cap (/wiki/Side_cap) or peaked cap (/wiki/Peaked_cap) are worn as headwear. The tradition of blue service uniforms date back to 1949, shortly after the Air Force was spun-off from the Army. The first version were made in a shade known as "Uxbridge Blue" and were developed and manufactured at the former Bachman Uxbridge Worsted Company in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. The current version was introduced in the 1990s. Members of the Civil Air Patrol (/wiki/Civil_Air_Patrol) , the United States Air Force Auxiliary, are authorized to wear the uniform with distinctive markings. United States Army [ edit ] Further information: Uniforms of the United States Army (/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Army) US Army sergeants wearing service dress uniforms at a conference. The United States Army (/wiki/United_States_Army) authorizes the Army Service Uniform (/wiki/Army_Service_Uniform) as its daily wear service uniform. Since 2018, there are two versions authorized, a green uniform and a blue one. In November 2018, the U.S. Army announced the introduction of a new green service uniform modeled after the " pinks and greens (/wiki/Pinks_and_greens) " service uniforms worn by officers during the Second World War and Korean War. This uniform consists of a dark olive drab coat with belted waist, light taupe trousers, tan shirt, olive necktie, olive garrison cap (/wiki/Side_cap) , and brown shoes. A peaked cap (/wiki/Peaked_cap) is optional. This uniform became standard-issue beginning in 2020 and becomes mandatory in 2027. The blue service uniform consists of a dark blue coat, light blue trousers (dark blue for general officers), a white turndown-collar shirt, black necktie (neck tab for women), a black beret, and black shoes. Women may wear a dark blue skirt instead of trousers. A peaked cap may be worn instead of the beret. The blue uniform's colours are based on the traditional colours used by most U.S. Army uniforms until 1902, when the introduction of khaki and olive drab uniforms relegated blue uniforms to full-dress use and off-duty wear until 1917, when issuance was halted due to the First World War. The current version of the uniform was reintroduced in 1957 as an optional full dress uniform. It was authorized as the army-wide service dress uniform in 2008, becoming standard-issue in 2010, when it replaced the previous green service uniform in use since 1954. With the reintroduction of a green service uniform, the blue uniform returns to being an optional uniform for more formal occasions. [3] (#cite_note-3) United States Coast Guard [ edit ] Members of the United States Coast Guard (/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard) pose for a photo in service dress blue uniforms. In 1972, the current Coast Guard Service Dress Blue uniform was introduced for wear by both officers and enlisted personnel; the transition was completed during 1974. Relatively similar in appearance to the old-style U.S. Air Force uniforms, the uniform consists of a blue four-pocket single breasted jacket and trousers in a slightly darker shade. Unlike the U.S. Navy, officers and CPO's do not wear khaki; all personnel wear the same colour uniform. See also [ edit ] Military uniform (/wiki/Military_uniform) Full dress uniform (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) Mess dress uniform (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) Combat uniform (/wiki/Combat_uniform) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e "Dress instructions Annex C Service dress – No. 3" (https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/dress-manual/chapter-5/annex-c.html) . Canadian Forces Dress Instructions . Government of Canada. 1 February 2017 . Retrieved 4 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Cut from the Same Cloth: A Look Back at the IDF's Uniforms . IDF Blog (https://www.idfblog.com/blog/2013/06/16/cut-from-the-same-cloth-a-look-back-at-the-idfs-uniforms/) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "18-.Overcoat,ceremonial,blue" (https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/ARN6028_DAPam670-1_Web_FINAL.pdf) (PDF) . Guide to Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia . Department of the Army. 25 May 2017. p. 127 . Retrieved 4 June 2019 . 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Danish model (born 1993) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Josephine Skriver" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Josephine+Skriver%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Josephine+Skriver%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Josephine+Skriver%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Josephine+Skriver%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Josephine+Skriver%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Josephine+Skriver%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Josephine Skriver Skriver in 2013 Born Josephine Skriver Karlsen [2] (#cite_note-TV2-2) ( 1993-04-14 ) 14 April 1993 (age 31) [3] (#cite_note-Yahoo_Shine-3) Copenhagen, Denmark Occupation Model Spouse Alexander DeLeon (/wiki/Alexander_DeLeon) ( m. 2022) Children 1 Modeling information Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) [1] (#cite_note-The_Society_Management-1) Hair color Light Brown [1] (#cite_note-The_Society_Management-1) Eye color Green [1] (#cite_note-The_Society_Management-1) Agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) (New York) Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (Paris, Milan) Storm Management (/wiki/Storm_Management) (London) Traffic Models (Barcelona) Seeds Management GmbH (Berlin) Unique Models (Copenhagen) Model Management (Hamburg) Vivien's Model Management – Sydney (Sydney) Josephine Skriver Karlsen (born 14 April 1993) is a Danish model. Early life [ edit ] Skriver was born and raised Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) . Her mother is an information technology analyst and her father is a marine biologist. Her mother is a lesbian and her father is gay; Skriver and her younger brother, Oliver, were conceived through in vitro fertilisation (/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation) . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) At the age of 15, Skriver was discovered and approached about her modeling potential while on a trip to New York with her football team. Shortly thereafter, she was signed by Unique Models, an international modeling agency based in Copenhagen. She was consequently approached by other agencies outside of Denmark, but decided to wait to stay in school. After finishing school, she began pursuing a modeling career in 2011. [6] (#cite_note-6) Career [ edit ] Skriver's debut season was Fall/Winter 2011, during which she opened for Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) and closed for Prada (/wiki/Prada) . That season, she also walked for many other prominent designers, like Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) , Rag & Bone (/wiki/Rag_%26_Bone) , Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) , Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) , Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) , Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) , DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) and Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-:0-9) Throughout her career, she has done advertisement campaigns for brands such as H&M (/wiki/H%26M) , Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) , Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) , Bulgari (/wiki/Bulgari) , DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors_(brand)) , Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) , MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) , Armani Exchange (/wiki/Armani#Armani_Exchange) , Karen Millen (/wiki/Karen_Millen) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Topten (/wiki/Topten) , Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger_(company)) , Yves Saint Laurent Beauty (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) , Caleres (/wiki/Caleres) , Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) , Shu Uemura (/wiki/Shu_Uemura) , Andrew Marc (/wiki/Andrew_Marc) , G-Shock (/wiki/G-Shock) , Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) and she has been on the cover of and featured in editorials of numerous magazines such as Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) , Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) , V magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) , Interview (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) , L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) , Vs. (/wiki/Vs._(magazine)) , W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , Italian (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , German, Russian, Chinese (/wiki/Vogue_China) , Japanese, Australian, Brazilian, Spanish and American Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) as well as Danish, Italian, Brazilian, Swedish, French Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) and British, Polish, Mexican, Arabian and American Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , and more. [ citation needed ] She has worked with Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) for Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors_(brand)) , Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) for Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , Tim Walker (/wiki/Tim_Walker) for American Vogue , Greg Kadel (/wiki/Greg_Kadel) for German Vogue , Terry Richardson (/wiki/Terry_Richardson) for H&M (/wiki/H%26M) and Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) for Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) . [ citation needed ] Skriver has appeared in catalogs and advertisements for Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) and walked in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) every consecutive year since 2013 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2013) . In February 2016, it was announced that Skriver was officially one of the brand's contracted Angels (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) , making her the first Danish Angel since Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) . [10] (#cite_note-10) On January 22, 2020, Skriver was confirmed as the newest model for the 2020 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) . [11] (#cite_note-11) She would win "Rookie of the Year" and return in 2021. LGBT advocacy [ edit ] In 2015, Skriver was made a celebrity ambassador for the Family Equality Council (/wiki/Family_Equality_Council) and its Outspoken Generation Program, which aims to raise awareness about LGBTQ families. [12] (#cite_note-:1-12) She has said that her ultimate goal is that her story will "not be that interesting soon, because that would mean that society has come to accept LGBT parents to be just as traditional and normal as any other way of having a family." [13] (#cite_note-13) Personal life [ edit ] Skriver has been in a relationship with American musician Alexander DeLeon (/wiki/Alexander_DeLeon) since 2013; [14] (#cite_note-14) in November 2018, the couple announced their engagement. They married in April 2022 in Cabo San Lucas (/wiki/Cabo_San_Lucas) . [15] (#cite_note-15) As of 2022, they live together in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . [16] (#cite_note-16) On May 9, 2023, Skriver and Deleon announced they were expecting their first child. [17] (#cite_note-17) On August 24, 2023, Skriver announced she gave birth to a girl. [18] (#cite_note-18) She is a fan of the NHL's Nashville Predators (/wiki/Nashville_Predators) and the NFL's Las Vegas Raiders (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Raiders) . [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Society Management - Josephine Skriver" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141204203848/http://thesocietymanagement.com/details.aspx?nav=3&modelid=643060&subid=10863&mainsubid=10863) . The Society Management. Archived from the original (http://thesocietymanagement.com/details.aspx?nav=3&modelid=643060&subid=10863&mainsubid=10863) on 4 December 2014 . Retrieved 9 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-TV2_2-0) "Seje fodboldpiger" (http://www.tv2fyn.dk/article/231304:Seje-fodboldpiger) . tv2fyn.dk. 26 May 2010. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100530130650/http://www.tv2fyn.dk/article/231304:Seje-fodboldpiger) from the original on 30 May 2010 . Retrieved 9 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Yahoo_Shine_3-0) "Supermodels when They Were Kids" (http://shine.yahoo.com/photos/50-super-models-were-kids-slideshow/josephine-skriver-photo-2484796-220800127.html) . 27 August 2012 . Retrieved 9 July 2013 . [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Victoria's Secret Supermodel Josephine Skriver Talks About Being An IVF Kid With Gay Dad And Mom" (http://www.ibtimes.com.au/victorias-secret-supermodel-josephine-skriver-talks-about-being-ivf-kid-gay-dad-mom-1449274) . International Business Times AU . 22 May 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150720184535/http://www.ibtimes.com.au/victorias-secret-supermodel-josephine-skriver-talks-about-being-ivf-kid-gay-dad-mom-1449274) from the original on 20 July 2015 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Victoria's Secret model reveals what it's like to be born via IVF to a lesbian mother and gay father" (https://www.businessinsider.com/model-josephine-skriver-what-its-like-growing-up-ivf-with-gay-parents-2015-5?IR=T) . Business Insider . 21 May 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Model Josephine Skriver Wants To Be A Voice For The Children Of Gay Parents" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/amyodell/model-josephine-skriver-wants-to-be-a-voice-for-the-children#.jgXMQ0VVK) . BuzzFeed . July 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150519044823/http://www.buzzfeed.com/amyodell/model-josephine-skriver-wants-to-be-a-voice-for-the-children#.jgXMQ0VVK) from the original on 19 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Josephine Skriver | Top Models - FashionTV Network" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160323030907/http://www.fashiontv.com/top-models/josephine-skriver_57.html) . FashionTV . Archived from the original (http://www.fashiontv.com/top-models/josephine-skriver_57.html) on 23 March 2016 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Josephine Skriver - Fashion Model - Profile on New York Magazine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110925020728/https://nymag.com/fashion/models/jskriver/josephineskriver/) . nymag.com . Archived from the original (https://nymag.com/fashion/models/jskriver/josephineskriver/) on 25 September 2011 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_9-0) "Josephine Skriver - Fashion Model | Models | Photos, Editorials & Latest News | The FMD" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/josephine_skriver/) . FashionModelDirectory.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201106214656/https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/josephine_skriver/) from the original on 6 November 2020 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Meet The New Victoria's Secret Angel" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2016/02/19/victorias-secret-announce-josephine-skriver-new-angel) . Vogue UK . 19 February 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160221013014/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2016/02/19/victorias-secret-announce-josephine-skriver-new-angel) from the original on 21 February 2016 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "ROOKIE REVEAL: Josephine Skriver Will Shoot for SI Swimsuit 2020!" (https://www.si.com/swim-daily/2020/01/21/josephine-skriver-si-swimsuit-2020-model-reveal) . Sports Illustrated.com . 21 January 2020 . Retrieved 22 January 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_12-0) "Victoria's Secret Model Talks Being an (http://www.eonline.com/news/658985/victoria-s-secret-model-josephine-skriver-talks-about-being-an-ivf-kid-growing-up-with-gay-dad-and-mom) IVF Kid, Gay Parents" . E! Online . 21 May 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150524055229/http://www.eonline.com/news/658985/victoria-s-secret-model-josephine-skriver-talks-about-being-an-ivf-kid-growing-up-with-gay-dad-and-mom) from the original on 24 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "HOW ONE MODEL IS USING HER PERSONAL STORY TO FIGHT FOR MARRIAGE EQUALITY" (http://fashionista.com/2013/07/how-one-model-is-using-her-personal-story-to-fight-for-marriage-equality) . 11 April 2014 . Retrieved 4 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Get to Know Josephine Skriver, Victoria's Secret's Newest Angel" (https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/news/a34258/josephine-skriver-named-victorias-secret-angel/) . 19 February 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160220171004/https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/news/a34258/josephine-skriver-named-victorias-secret-angel/) from the original on 20 February 2016 . Retrieved 20 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Macon, Alexandra (7 April 2022). "Josephine Skriver Wore Alberta Ferretti to Marry Under the Palm Trees in Cabo San Lucas" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/josephine-skriver-wore-alberta-ferretti-cabo-san-lucas-wedding/) . Vogue . Condé Nast. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220407164200/https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/josephine-skriver-wore-alberta-ferretti-cabo-san-lucas-wedding/) from the original on 7 April 2022 . Retrieved 8 April 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Josephine Skriver, Alexander DeLeon Snag Chic L.A. Midcentury Modern" (https://www.dirt.com/entertainers/musicians/josephine-skriver-alex-deleon-home-hollywood-hills-1203350116/) . 12 November 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201113013640/https://www.dirt.com/entertainers/musicians/josephine-skriver-alex-deleon-home-hollywood-hills-1203350116/) from the original on 13 November 2020 . Retrieved 5 April 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Victoria's Secret Model Josephine Skriver is Pregnant, Expecting First Baby with Husband Alexander DeLeon" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1373921/victorias-secret-model-josephine-skriver-is-pregnant-expecting-first-baby-with-husband-alexander-deleon) . 9 May 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Sacks, Hannah (24 August 2023). "Josephine Skriver Welcomes First Baby, a Girl, with Husband Alexander DeLeon" (https://people.com/josephine-skriver-welcomes-first-baby-girl-husband-alexander-deleon-7852578) . Peoplemag . Retrieved 16 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Victoria's Secret Angel Josephine Skriver joins NHL Celebrity Wrap to discuss Predators fandom" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqzQSKeFjEE) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . 10 May 2019. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/CqzQSKeFjEE) from the original on 5 December 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Victoria's Secret Model, Josephine Skriver, is NOT Your Typical Raiders Fan" (https://www.barstoolsports.com/blog/1416534/victorias-secret-model-josephine-skriver-is-not-your-typical-raiders-fan) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200225223502/https://www.barstoolsports.com/blog/1416534/victorias-secret-model-josephine-skriver-is-not-your-typical-raiders-fan) from the original on 25 February 2020 . Retrieved 25 February 2020 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Josephine Skriver (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Josephine_Skriver) . 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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7df7778fc8‐5n2vx Cached time: 20240712053521 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38798413-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712053521 and revision id 1223551387. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Outfits worn at the Academy Awards ceremonies" The following 24 pages are in this category, out of 24 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . * Template:Red carpet fashion (/wiki/Template:Red_carpet_fashion) A American Express Gold card dress of Lizzy Gardiner (/wiki/American_Express_Gold_card_dress_of_Lizzy_Gardiner) Autograph suit of Sandy Powell (/wiki/Autograph_suit_of_Sandy_Powell) B Black and white Valentino dress of Julia Roberts (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) Black Christian Siriano gown of Billy Porter (/wiki/Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) Black Versace dress of Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) Blue Prada dress of Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o) C Chartreuse Dior dress of Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Chartreuse_Dior_dress_of_Nicole_Kidman) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress of Uma Thurman (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) E Elie Saab net dress of Halle Berry (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) I Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress of Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) L Lavender Prada dress of Uma Thurman (/wiki/Lavender_Prada_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) N Navy blue Guy Laroche dress of Hilary Swank (/wiki/Navy_blue_Guy_Laroche_dress_of_Hilary_Swank) P Pink feathered Versace dress of Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pink_feathered_Versace_dress_of_Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) Pink Ralph Lauren dress of Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Pink_Ralph_Lauren_dress_of_Gwyneth_Paltrow) Plum Vera Wang dress of Keira Knightley (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) R Red Ben de Lisi dress of Kate Winslet (/wiki/Red_Ben_de_Lisi_dress_of_Kate_Winslet) Red Versace dress of Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Red_Versace_dress_of_Cindy_Crawford) S Saffron Vera Wang dress of Michelle Williams (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) Swarovski crystal mesh Armani Privé gown (/wiki/Swarovski_crystal_mesh_Armani_Priv%C3%A9_gown) W White floral Givenchy dress of Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/White_floral_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) White Marc Bouwer dress of Angelina Jolie (/wiki/White_Marc_Bouwer_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) Y Yellow Valentino dress of Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Yellow_Valentino_dress_of_Cate_Blanchett) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies&oldid=1223551387 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies&oldid=1223551387) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Individual dresses (/wiki/Category:Individual_dresses) Academy Awards ceremonies (/wiki/Category:Academy_Awards_ceremonies) American fashion (/wiki/Category:American_fashion) Red carpet fashion (/wiki/Category:Red_carpet_fashion)
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This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Lola_Langusta&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Lola+Langusta&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Lola+Langusta) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Lola_Langusta) for suggestions. ( January 2018 ) Lola Langusta Birth name Sarah Roa Born Tampa, Florida (/wiki/Tampa,_Florida) Genres Disco (/wiki/Disco) , EDM (/wiki/Electronic_dance_music) , electropop (/wiki/Electropop) , electro house (/wiki/Electro_house) Occupation(s) DJ, music producer, Creative Director, Stylist Years active 2008–present Labels Monstertooth Records Website lolalangusta (http://lolalangusta.com/) .com (http://lolalangusta.com/) Musical artist Lola Langusta is a fashion DJ (/wiki/Disc_jockey) , music producer, stylist and creative director. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life [ edit ] She was born a fashion baby, and not because she was surrounded by it, but because she was drawn to it. She grew up with very little so she needed to be creative, and did her best to mock the trends with thrift-store finds. She decided if she couldn’t walk the runway, she would do the hair, makeup, styling, and designing instead. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] DJ career [ edit ] Langusta is a regular at parties held by Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) , Universal Music Group (/wiki/Universal_Music_Group) , [3] (#cite_note-3) and in 2012 worked with Interview (magazine) (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) & Maserati (/wiki/Maserati) on their special journey "Through Laure's Lens," experiencing Valentino's Pop Pois collection for Art Basel (/wiki/Art_Basel) . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2014 Lola played again in Art Basel for Interview Magazine with Dean and Dan Caten (/wiki/Dean_and_Dan_Caten) celebrating the 10th Anniversary Performa (/wiki/Performa_(performance_festival)) . [6] (#cite_note-6) The summer of 2015 she played at the Full Moon Festival in New York, alongside fr:Wolf + Lamb (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_%2B_Lamb) , Pillow Talk, Tensnake (/wiki/Tensnake) and Yelle (/wiki/Yelle) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In the same year, she played with Dj Harvey (/wiki/Dj_Harvey) in Art Basel for an event hosted By Whitewall Magazine & BABËL. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) During that time she also played with Mia Moretti for the Museum of Modern Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) Design Store Installation featuring limited edition Andy Warhol (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) Campbell's Soup Cans (/wiki/Campbell%27s_Soup_Cans) skate decks at Delano South Beach. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2016 Lola performed with Prince Royce (/wiki/Prince_Royce) for the world premiere of MAC (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) makeup's Selena (/wiki/Selena) Quintanilla inspired collection in the legend's hometown Corpus Christi. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2017 Lola worked with Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) Americas, celebrating the newly renovated Louis Vuitton SoHo store with architect Peter Marino (/wiki/Peter_Marino) and featured artist, Shuji Mukai. [13] (#cite_note-13) She currently resides in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) and Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) [14] (#cite_note-14) Discography [ edit ] In 2017 Langusta released two singles with Monstertooth Records [15] (#cite_note-Beatport_2017-15) Singles [ edit ] Shine (Monstertooth, 2017) Bondi featuring Lightning Fantasy (Monstertooth, 2017) Creative Direction & Styling [ edit ] In 2017 Langusta started doing creative direction and styling for Stoned Fox Magazine. She has worked with top models like Jessica White (/wiki/Jessica_White) , [16] (#cite_note-16) Norway top model (/wiki/Top_Model_(Norway_cycle_2)) winner Kamilla Alnes, [17] (#cite_note-17) and Chelsea Leyland (/wiki/Chelsea_Leyland) . [18] (#cite_note-18) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Industry Insider Profile: Lola Langusta" (http://www.allureaccess.com/industry-insider-profile-lola-langusta/) . Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) . Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) . 23 May 2016 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Industry Insider Profile: Lola Langusta" (http://www.allureaccess.com/industry-insider-profile-lola-langusta/) . Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) . Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) . 23 May 2016 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Wicks, Amy (23 September 2016). "Shop the Closets of 3 of New York's Hottest DJs (a Designer Skirt for $35? Yes!)" (https://www.glamour.com/story/shop-the-closets-of-3-of-new-y) . Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) . Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Daly, Danika (16 December 2012). "The Most Star-Studded Parties of Art Basel 2012" (http://thefabulousreport.com/1216/the-most-star-studded-parties-of-art-basel-2012.html#1) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Krentcil, Faran (23 September 2016). "Martha Stewart and Owen Wilson Attend Valentino's Cocktail Party in Miami" (http://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/news/a16824/martha-stewart-attends-valentino-party/) . Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . Hachette Filipacchi Médias (/wiki/Hachette_Filipacchi_M%C3%A9dias) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "INTERVIEW MAGAZINE AND DSQUARED2" (http://www.dsquared2.com/experience/en/news/interview-magazine-dsquared2/) . 3 December 2014 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "L.A.'s DJ Lola Langusta Heads from Summer to Fall with a Sexy 'Euphoric Transition' Playlist Exclusive to Skyelyfe" (http://www.skyelyfe.com/2015/09/09/lola-langusta-summer-fall-mixtape/) . 9 September 2015 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Flores, Griselda (2 December 2015). "DJ Harvey" (http://www.miaminewtimes.com/event/dj-harvey-8072329) . Miami New Times (/wiki/Miami_New_Times) . Adam Simon (/wiki/Adam_Simon) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Miami Art Week at The Miami Beach Edition: A Stellar DJ Lineup, Light Installations and #FutureMemories" (http://www.soulofmiami.org/2015/11/23/miami-art-week-at-the-miami-beach-edition-a-stellar-dj-lineup-light-installations-and-futurememories-12115-12615/) . 23 November 2015 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Morgans Basel: The Skateroom & Mo Ma Store At Delano" (https://thecollection.sbe.com/culture/morgans-basel-the-skateroom-moma-store-at-delano) . SBE Entertainment Group (/wiki/SBE_Entertainment_Group) . 3 December 2015 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Flores, Griselda (23 September 2016). "Prince Royce to Perform at World Premiere Event for Selena-Inspired MAC Makeup Line" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin/7518814/prince-royce-selema-mac-makeup-world-premiere) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Eldridge Industries (/wiki/Eldridge_Industries) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Chavvaria, Monica (30 September 2016). "MAC Selena Worldwide Premiere attracts thousands" (https://www.kztv10.com/story/33289758/mac-selena-worldwide-premiere-attracts-thousands) . KZTV (/wiki/KZTV) . SagamoreHill Broadcasting (/wiki/SagamoreHill_Broadcasting) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "LOUIS VUITTON HOSTS PARTY FOR NEWLY RENOVATED SOHO STORE" (https://gotham-magazine.com/photos-louis-vuitton-soho-store-renovation-party) . Gotham (/wiki/Gotham_(magazine)) . 2 February 2017 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "L.A.'s DJ Lola Langusta Heads from Summer to Fall with a Sexy 'Euphoric Transition' Playlist Exclusive to Skyelyfe" (http://www.skyelyfe.com/2015/09/09/lola-langusta-summer-fall-mixtape/) . 9 September 2015 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Beatport_2017_15-0) "Monstertooth Records Releases & Artists on Beatport" (https://www.beatport.com/label/monstertooth-records/41355) . Beatport . 23 June 2017 . Retrieved 5 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Happy 420" (http://stonedfox.com/portfolio/happy-420/) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Kamilla Alnes" (http://stonedfox.com/portfolio/kamilla-alnes-wilhelmina-model-actor-2/) . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Chelsea Leyland - CBD for Epilepsy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180427115913/http://stonedfox.com/portfolio/chelsea-leyland-cbd-for-epilepsy-2/) . Archived from the original (http://stonedfox.com/portfolio/chelsea-leyland-cbd-for-epilepsy-2/) on 27 April 2018 . Retrieved 3 January 2018 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.lolalangusta.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6dff5cf5c8‐9d8g4 Cached time: 20240701105159 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.445 seconds Real time usage: 0.605 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1665/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 42715/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2417/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 68528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.287/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6375195/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 542.534 1 -total 39.72% 215.509 1 Template:Reflist 33.74% 183.054 17 Template:Cite_web 28.04% 152.137 1 Template:Infobox_musical_artist 16.98% 92.104 1 Template:Orphan 13.63% 73.940 1 Template:Infobox 13.26% 71.923 1 Template:Draft_other 12.77% 69.292 1 Template:Ambox 12.05% 65.367 1 Template:Short_description 8.80% 47.734 1 Template:Authority_control Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56211020-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701105159 and revision id 1164599856. 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Cosmetics brand ColourPop Cosmetics Industry Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Founded 2014 Founder Laura Nelson John Nelson Headquarters Oxnard, California (/wiki/Oxnard,_California) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Seed Beauty Website colourpop (https://colourpop.com/) .com (https://colourpop.com/) ColourPop Cosmetics , also known as ColourPop , is an American cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) brand often found at dollar stores based in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) . The company was founded in 2014 by siblings Laura and John Nelson. ColourPop products are sold through their website and at Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) . [1] (#cite_note-1) They predominantly make products for the eyes, lips, and face. [2] (#cite_note-2) Their brand is known for their affordable pricing (many of their products range in price from $5-$20) and collaborations based on current trends in social media (/wiki/Social_media) . Their makeup is also cruelty-free (/wiki/Cruelty-free) (meaning without the testing of animals.) The company also has a skincare brand under the name Fourth Ray Beauty and a sister brand focused on body makeup called Sol Body . ColourPop has won make up beauty awards from Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_Awards) (2020), Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) (2019), Influenster (/wiki/Influenster) (2018), Temptalia (2018, 2019), and OK! (2018). [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] Sibling co-founders Laura and John Nelson started a parent company called Seed Beauty as an offshoot of their father's makeup company Spatz Laboratories, which produced makeup products for other brands. [4] (#cite_note-4) ColourPop Cosmetics is a brand owned by parent company Seed Beauty, which also used to own Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) and KKW Beauty (/wiki/KKW_Beauty) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) The company started as an e-commerce business, then expanded to selling wholesale to retail stores as well. The brand's first retail partnership was with Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) in 2017. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2018, ColourPop became available in select Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) stores. [8] (#cite_note-8) On June 14, 2018, Colourpop released their first foundation called the No Filter Foundation in 42 shades. [9] (#cite_note-9) In September 2019, Colourpop released their first tinted moisturizer called the Hyaluronic Tinted Moisturizer. [10] (#cite_note-10) Collaborations [ edit ] ColourPop has collaborated on collections with media brands such as Disney (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_(division)) and Sanrio (/wiki/Sanrio) , and other properties such as Match.com (/wiki/Match.com) and Halo Top Creamery (/wiki/Halo_Top_Creamery) . [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) ColourPop is also known for creating collaborative products with several YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) and social media celebrities including Isabelle Fuhrman (/wiki/Isabelle_Fuhrman) , Karrueche Tran (/wiki/Karrueche_Tran) , Zoella (/wiki/Zoella) , Becky G (/wiki/Becky_G) , Alexis Ren (/wiki/Alexis_Ren) , and Jenn Im (/wiki/Jenn_Im) . [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) In October 2019, Youtuber Safiya Nygaard (/wiki/Safiya_Nygaard) released her lipsticks with Colourpop based on her YouTube series 'bad makeup science' where she melted together lipsticks in her kitchen to make new shades. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) In July 2022, ColourPop announced their collaboration with global K-pop sensation BTS which is inspired by the BT21 animated characters. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) See also [ edit ] Tarte Cosmetics (/wiki/Tarte_Cosmetics) Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Tati Westbrook (/wiki/Tati_Westbrook) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Donahue, Rosemary. "ColourPop Is Reportedly Coming to Ulta Stores and Ulta.com This Month" (https://www.allure.com/story/colourpop-ulta-launch-date) . Allure . Retrieved 9 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jacques, Renee. "This Is Why the Internet Is Obsessed With ColourPop" (https://www.allure.com/story/colourpop-cosmetics-facts) . Allure . Retrieved 1 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "About Us | ColourPop" (https://colourpop.com/pages/about-us) . colourpop.com . Retrieved 2021-12-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Schiffer, Jessica. "The Secret Company Behind KKW Beauty and Kylie Cosmetics" (https://www.instyle.com/news/secret-company-behind-kkw-beauty-and-kylie-cosmetics) . InStyle . Retrieved 21 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Morrill, Hannah. "Exclusive First Look: My Little Pony x Colourpop Limited-Edition Collection" (https://www.elle.com/beauty/makeup-skin-care/g12523479/my-little-pony-x-colourpop-limited-edition-collection/) . Elle . Retrieved 10 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Kaloi, Stephanie (2021-03-18). "The Untold Truth Of ColourPop Cosmetics" (https://www.thelist.com/359037/the-untold-truth-of-colourpop-cosmetics/) . The List . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Granero, Kristin. "This budget-friendly beauty brand is now at Sephora — and we're obsessed!" (https://www.today.com/style/sephora-selling-colourpop-collection-stores-online-t118255) . Today . Retrieved 10 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Wylie, Melissa (26 February 2018). "ColourPop makes an entrance at Ulta" (https://www.bizjournals.com/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2018/02/colourpop-makes-an-entrance-at-ulta.html) . www.bizjournals.com . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Donahue, Rosemary. "ColourPop Is Launching a No Filter Foundation in 42 Shades" (https://www.allure.com/story/colourpop-no-filter-foundation-pressed-loose-powder) . Allure . Retrieved 18 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Achieve the Ultimate No Makeup, Makeup Look with ColourPop's First Tinted Moisturizer" (https://hypebae.com/2019/9/colourpop-tinted-moisturizer-hydrating-primer-setting-mist-blending-sponge-makeup-skincare-release-date) . HYPEBAE . Retrieved 2020-02-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Borovic, Kali (2021-12-23). "2021 Disney & ColourPop Collabs You May Have Missed" (https://www.thelist.com/716614/2021-disney-colourpop-collabs-you-may-have-missed/) . TheList.com . Retrieved 2022-03-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Denton, Elizabeth (2016-10-31). "The ColourPop x Hello Kitty Collection Is Back In Stock" (https://www.allure.com/story/colourpop-x-hello-kitty-photos) . Allure . Retrieved 2022-03-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "The ColourPop x Match.com Lipstick Will Donate $1 For Every Product Sold To GLAM4GOOD" (https://www.bustle.com/p/the-colourpop-x-matchcom-lipstick-will-donate-1-for-every-product-sold-to-glam4good-68638) . Bustle . Retrieved 2022-03-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Hoshikawa, Karina. "Colourpop x Halo Top Is The Cutest Beauty Collab Of The Summer" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/07/238307/colourpop-halo-top-ice-cream-eyeshadow-collection) . www.refinery29.com . Retrieved 2022-03-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Navarro, Andrea (2016-05-27). "Jenn Im's ColourPop Collection Is ALREADY Selling Out" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/jenn-im-colourpop-makeup-collection) . Teen Vogue . Retrieved 2017-11-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "ColourPop Is Coming To Sephora! Our Top Ten CoulourPop Collabs" (http://fashionbombdaily.com/colourpop-coming-sephora-top-ten-coulourpop-collabs/) . Fashion Bomb Daily . August 17, 2017 . Retrieved February 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Wischhover, Cheryl (January 22, 2016). "HOW COLOURPOP BECAME THE MOST POPULAR (AND MOST MYSTERIOUS) BEAUTY BRAND ON THE INTERNET" (https://fashionista.com/2016/01/colourpop-instagram-beauty) . Fashionista.com . Retrieved February 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Tatas, Marina (2019-10-04). "What's in the Colourpop x Safiya Nygaard Halloween collection? | Finder" (https://www.finder.com.au/colourpop-x-safiya-nygaard-collection) . finder.com.au . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "This Video of Every Sephora Lipstick Melted Together Is Giving Me Anxiety" (https://www.allure.com/story/every-sephora-lipstick-melted-together-sayfia-nygaard-video) . Allure . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "BTS x BT21 ColourPop Cosmetics collaboration: All you need to know" (https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/news-bts-x-bt21-colourpop-cosmetics-collaboration-all-need-know) . Sportskeeda . Retrieved December 26, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Fu, Natalie. "ColourPop teams up with BTS for the most adorable BT21 makeup collection!" (https://dailyvanity.sg/news/colourpop-bt21-collection) . Daily Vanity . Retrieved December 26, 2022 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://colourpop.com/) v t e Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Face Anti-aging cream (/wiki/Anti-aging_cream) BB cream (/wiki/BB_cream) Botulinum toxin (Botox) (/wiki/Botulinum_toxin) CC cream (/wiki/CC_cream) Concealer (/wiki/Concealer) Cotton pad (/wiki/Cotton_pad) Cleanser (/wiki/Cleanser) DD cream (/wiki/DD_cream) Facial (/wiki/Facial) Facial toning (/wiki/Facial_toning) Foundation (/wiki/Foundation_(cosmetics)) Highlighter (/wiki/Highlighter_(cosmetics)) Moist towelette (/wiki/Moist_towelette) Moisturizer (/wiki/Moisturizer) Permanent makeup (/wiki/Permanent_makeup) Primer (/wiki/Primer_(cosmetics)) Powder (/wiki/Face_powder) Rouge (/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)) Toner (/wiki/Toner_(skin_care)) Venetian ceruse (/wiki/Venetian_ceruse) Lips Lipstick (/wiki/Lipstick) Balm (/wiki/Lip_balm) Gloss (/wiki/Lip_gloss) Liner (/wiki/Lip_liner) Stain (/wiki/Lip_stain) Eyes Blepharoplasty (/wiki/Blepharoplasty) Circle contact lens (/wiki/Circle_contact_lens) Eyelash extensions (/wiki/Eyelash_extensions) Eyelid glue (/wiki/Eyelid_glue) Eye liner (/wiki/Eye_liner) Eye shadow (/wiki/Eye_shadow) Kohl (/wiki/Kohl_(cosmetics)) Mascara (/wiki/Mascara) Hair Conditioner (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) Hair coloring and bleaching (/wiki/Hair_coloring) Removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) chemical (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) electric (/wiki/Electrology) laser (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) IPL (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) plucking (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) shaving (/wiki/Shaving) threading (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) waxing (/wiki/Waxing) Shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) Sindoor (/wiki/Sindoor) Styling products (/wiki/Hairstyling_product) gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) pomade (/wiki/Pomade) spray (/wiki/Hair_spray) wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Nails Artificial nails (/wiki/Artificial_nails) Buffing (/wiki/Nail_buffing) Manicure (/wiki/Manicure) Nail polish (/wiki/Nail_polish) Pedicure (/wiki/Pedicure) Body Cold cream (/wiki/Cold_cream) Lotion (/wiki/Lotion) Peeling (/wiki/Exfoliation_(cosmetology)) Plastic surgery (/wiki/Plastic_surgery) Skin whitening (/wiki/Skin_whitening) Sunless tanning (/wiki/Sunless_tanning) Related Cosmetic electrotherapy (/wiki/Electrotherapy_(cosmetic)) Cosmetic ingredients (/wiki/Ingredients_of_cosmetics) Cosmetics advertising (/wiki/Cosmetics_advertising) Cosmetic packaging (/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging) Cosmetology (/wiki/Cosmetology) History of cosmetics (/wiki/History_of_cosmetics) Cosmetic industry (/wiki/Cosmetic_industry) Male cosmetics (/wiki/Male_cosmetics) Major cosmetic brands Ahava (/wiki/Ahava) Almay (/wiki/Almay) Amorepacific (/wiki/Amorepacific_Corporation) Anastasia Beverly Hills (/wiki/Anastasia_Beverly_Hills) Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) Aqua Net (/wiki/Aqua_Net) Artistry (/wiki/Artistry_(cosmetics)) Aveda (/wiki/Aveda) Avon (/wiki/Avon_Products) Bath & Body Works (/wiki/Bath_%26_Body_Works) Benefit (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) Biotherm (/wiki/Biotherm) Bite Beauty (/wiki/BITE_Beauty) Bobbi Brown (/wiki/Bobbi_Brown) Bonne Bell (/wiki/Bonne_Bell) Bumble and bumble (/wiki/Bumble_and_bumble) Burt's Bees (/wiki/Burt%27s_Bees) Carol's Daughter (/wiki/Carol%27s_Daughter) Clarins (/wiki/Clarins) Clinique (/wiki/Clinique) Coty (/wiki/Coty) ColourPop Cosmetics CoverGirl (/wiki/CoverGirl) Creme 21 (/wiki/Creme_21) Cutex (/wiki/Cutex) Daigaku Honyaku Center (/wiki/Daigaku_Honyaku_Center) Dermacol (/wiki/Dermacol) Douglas (/wiki/Douglas_(cosmetics)) Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) elf (/wiki/Elf_(cosmetics)) Etude House (/wiki/Etude_House) Fabergé (/wiki/Faberg%C3%A9_(cosmetics)) Farmec (/wiki/Farmec) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fresh Garnier (/wiki/Garnier) Guerlain (/wiki/Guerlain) Hard Candy (/wiki/Hard_Candy_(cosmetics)) Helena Rubinstein (/wiki/Helena_Rubinstein) Jeffree Star Cosmetics (/wiki/Jeffree_Star_Cosmetics) Kao Corporation (/wiki/Kao_Corporation) Kevyn Aucoin (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) Kiehl's (/wiki/Kiehl%27s) Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) Lancôme (/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4me) Laneige (/wiki/Laneige) Laura Mercier Cosmetics (/wiki/Laura_Mercier_Cosmetics) Lise Watier (/wiki/Lise_Watier) L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) L'Occitane (/wiki/L%27Occitane_en_Provence) Love Cosmetics (/wiki/Love_Cosmetics) Lush (/wiki/Lush_(company)) MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) Make Up For Ever (/wiki/Make_Up_For_Ever) Mary Kay (/wiki/Mary_Kay) Max Factor (/wiki/Max_Factor) Maybelline (/wiki/Maybelline) Merle Norman (/wiki/Merle_Norman_Cosmetics) Missha (/wiki/Missha) Molton Brown (/wiki/Molton_Brown) Morphe Cosmetics (/wiki/Morphe_Cosmetics) NARS (/wiki/NARS_Cosmetics) Natura (/wiki/Natura) Natural Wonder (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Nature Republic (/wiki/Nature_Republic) Neal's Yard Remedies (/wiki/Neal%27s_Yard_Remedies) Neutrogena (/wiki/Neutrogena) Nexxus (/wiki/Nexxus) Nivea (/wiki/Nivea) NYX Cosmetics (/wiki/NYX_Cosmetics) O Boticário (/wiki/O_Botic%C3%A1rio) OPI (/wiki/OPI_Products) Oriflame (/wiki/Oriflame) Origins (/wiki/Origins_(cosmetics)) Paula Begoun (/wiki/Paula_Begoun) Pond's (/wiki/Pond%27s) Red Earth (/wiki/Red_Earth_(company)) Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Richard Hudnut (/wiki/Richard_Hudnut) Rimmel (/wiki/Rimmel) Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) Shu Uemura (/wiki/Shu_Uemura) SimplySiti (/wiki/SimplySiti) Sinful Colors (/wiki/Sinful_Colors) SK-II (/wiki/SK-II) Skin Food (/wiki/Skin_Food) Stila (/wiki/Stila) Tarte Cosmetics (/wiki/Tarte_Cosmetics) The Body Shop (/wiki/The_Body_Shop) The Face Shop (/wiki/The_Face_Shop) Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) Ultima II (/wiki/Ultima_II_(cosmetics_line)) Uoma Beauty (/wiki/Uoma_Beauty) Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay_(cosmetics)) Vaseline (/wiki/Vaseline) Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Wella (/wiki/Wella) Younique (/wiki/Younique) Yves Rocher (/wiki/Yves_Rocher_(company)) Categories Companies (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_companies) People (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_people) History (/wiki/Category:History_of_cosmetics) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐rwg7x Cached time: 20240716041948 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.364 seconds Real time usage: 0.460 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2037/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 66348/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 987/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 86003/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.241/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6294556/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 396.968 1 -total 41.80% 165.928 1 Template:Reflist 35.15% 139.540 20 Template:Cite_web 20.88% 82.868 1 Template:Cosmetics 20.67% 82.056 2 Template:Navbox 19.95% 79.211 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.67% 70.135 1 Template:Infobox 15.47% 61.402 1 Template:Short_description 8.76% 34.761 2 Template:Pagetype 4.50% 17.870 7 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57379655-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716041948 and revision id 1227154718. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ColourPop_Cosmetics&oldid=1227154718 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ColourPop_Cosmetics&oldid=1227154718) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cosmetics companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_companies_of_the_United_States) Cosmetics brands (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_brands) Companies based in Los Angeles (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Los_Angeles) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata)
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French fashion designer (1932–2022) Michel Goma (12 March 1932 [1] (#cite_note-1) – 18 April 2022) was a French fashion designer who was the creative director of Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) from 1987 to 1992, after the label was relaunched following a 19-year closure. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-The_Cut-3) Goma was born on 12 March 1932 in Moncrabeau (/wiki/Moncrabeau) , Lot-et-Garonne (/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne) . [4] (#cite_note-Getty_Images-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Who's who in France . 2003. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9782857840428 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Lot-et-Garonne : Michel Goma, couturier célèbre et enfant du pays, s'est éteint" (https://www.ladepeche.fr/actu/societe/carnet-noir/lot-et-garonne-michel-goma-couturier-celebre-et-enfant-du-pays-sest-eteint-10245482.php) . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Cut_3-0) Moss, Hilary (31 January 2013). "Balenciaga's History of Dressing Fat Women" (https://www.thecut.com/2013/01/balenciagas-history-of-dressing-fat-women.html) . The Cut . Retrieved 22 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Getty_Images_4-0) "Michel Goma" (https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/michel-goma-french-fashion-designer-born-in-moncrabeau-in-news-photo/526956630) . Getty Images . Retrieved 22 June 2020 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/173169373) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14681535p) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14681535p) Artists Victoria (https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/15166/) This French biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Goma&action=edit) . v t e This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Goma&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐qn5jg Cached time: 20240712183727 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.299 seconds Real time usage: 0.388 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 617/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19197/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 759/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27876/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.207/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4211995/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 364.136 1 -total 33.70% 122.720 1 Template:Reflist 28.63% 104.237 1 Template:ACArt 24.01% 87.421 1 Template:Cite_book 20.76% 75.609 1 Template:Short_description 11.52% 41.941 2 Template:Pagetype 9.94% 36.195 2 Template:Asbox 9.73% 35.417 1 Template:France-bio-stub 5.98% 21.768 4 Template:Main_other 5.37% 19.564 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64346562-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712183727 and revision id 1222395842. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Goma&oldid=1222395842 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Goma&oldid=1222395842) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1932 births (/wiki/Category:1932_births) 2022 deaths (/wiki/Category:2022_deaths) People from Lot-et-Garonne (/wiki/Category:People_from_Lot-et-Garonne) French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) French people stubs (/wiki/Category:French_people_stubs) Fashion designer stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designer_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with NGV identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NGV_identifiers) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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French stylist (born 1937) Anne-Marie Beretta Born 24 September 1937 Béziers (/wiki/B%C3%A9ziers) Nationality French Anne-Marie Beretta (born 24 September 1937) is a French stylist. She is known particularly for her iconic "101801" coat designed for Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) . In 1986 she became a Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres (/wiki/Chevalier_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres) . Life [ edit ] Beretta was born in Béziers (/wiki/B%C3%A9ziers) in 1937. In 1957 she took the advice of Roger Bauer (/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1) who was working at Jacques Griffe (/wiki/Jacques_Griffe) and decided to be a fashion designer. She found work with Antonio Castillo (/wiki/Antonio_Castillo_(costume_designer)) [1] (#cite_note-1) who was creating costumes for the theatre. She went on to work in New York for Pierre d’Alby (/w/index.php?title=Pierre_d%E2%80%99Alby&action=edit&redlink=1) and Mac Douglas (/w/index.php?title=Mac_Douglas&action=edit&redlink=1) , and Oleg Cassini (/wiki/Oleg_Cassini) . She came to notice in 1968 designing waterproofs for Ramosport [2] (#cite_note-soy-2) and the "101801" signature coat for Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) in 1981. This coat which was said to have influenced the 80s is still in production in 2020. [3] (#cite_note-3) Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) estimate that 140,000 of these coats have been sold. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1974 she launched her ready to wear brand. [2] (#cite_note-soy-2) Awards [ edit ] In 1986 she was knighted and she became Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres (/wiki/Chevalier_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres) . Beretta has her designs in the Palais Galliera in Paris. [2] (#cite_note-soy-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) FashionModelDirectory.com, The FMD -. "Anne-Marie Beretta - Fashion Designer | Designers | The FMD" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/annemarie-beretta/) . The FMD - FashionModelDirectory.com . Retrieved 2018-08-24 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c " (http://www.palaisgalliera.paris.fr/en/work/soy-dress-anne-marie-beretta) 'Soy' dress, Anne-Marie Beretta" (http://www.palaisgalliera.paris.fr/en/work/soy-dress-anne-marie-beretta) . Palais Galliera | Musée de la mode de la Ville de Paris . Retrieved 2018-08-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "An Ode to French Couturier Anne-Marie Beretta" (https://www.crfashionbook.com/fashion/a19633395/anne-marie-veretta-iconic-coat-designer/) . CR Fashion Book . 2018-04-03 . Retrieved 2018-08-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Stories at Harrods | Harrods.com" (https://www.harrods.com/en-gb/stories) . www.harrods.com . Retrieved 2020-04-10 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5486b6fcc7‐zd8m6 Cached time: 20240628023958 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.250 seconds Real time usage: 0.336 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1686/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10492/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 978/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17311/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.150/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4328575/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 312.833 1 -total 36.07% 112.832 1 Template:Infobox_person 35.57% 111.282 1 Template:Reflist 27.54% 86.157 2 Template:Cite_web 21.46% 67.149 1 Template:Short_description 13.51% 42.251 2 Template:Pagetype 8.87% 27.737 16 Template:Main_other 6.59% 20.602 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 5.73% 17.933 1 Template:Authority_control_(arts) 4.75% 14.867 1 Template:Wikidata_image Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58253922-0!canonical and timestamp 20240628023958 and revision id 1159170263. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anne_Marie_Beretta&oldid=1159170263 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anne_Marie_Beretta&oldid=1159170263) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1937 births (/wiki/Category:1937_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from Béziers (/wiki/Category:People_from_B%C3%A9ziers) French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) French women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_women_fashion_designers) Hidden categories: CS1 errors: generic name (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
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Italian-British fashion designer (d. 1950) Bianca Mosca Born Bianca Lea Rosa Mottironi Italy Died ( 1950-06-16 ) June 16, 1950 [1] (#cite_note-SMH_death_notice-1) Paris Occupation Fashion designer Notable credit Founder member of Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) 1945 Bianca Mosca wedding dress, part of her work with IncSoc (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) , modelled by actress Peggy Bryan (/wiki/Peggy_Bryan) and designed to be worn in the British horror film Dead of Night (/wiki/Dead_of_Night) Bianca Mosca , born Bianca Lea Rosa Mottironi, [2] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) was a London-based fashion designer who rose to prominence during the 1940s and was the only woman member of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) (IncSoc), which represented the interests of the British couture industry. In her heyday she was described as "one of the big 10 of the British fashion world", [4] (#cite_note-Leeds_Intelligencer_1950,_page_4-4) the others being Digby Morton, Norman Hartnell, Charles Creed, Molyneux, Worth, Mattli, Victor Stiebel, Hardy Amies, and Peter Russell. [5] (#cite_note-5) Her firm closed in 1949, a year before her death. Early life and Paris career [ edit ] Little is known about the early life of Bianca Mosca, but she was Italian (/wiki/Italian_people) by birth and a cousin of the fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli (/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparelli) , according to a 1932 article in The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) , which describes her as: "the beautiful Bianca Mosca (Schiaparelli's cousin)". [6] (#cite_note-NYer_Flanner-6) The New Yorker article notes that she had been among Schiaparelli's notable vendeuses (salespeople) in Paris. Mosca told a reporter in 1941 that she had spent eighteen years in Paris. [7] (#cite_note-7) Move to London [ edit ] In 1937 Mosca launched a business in London. [8] (#cite_note-8) She was also appointed head designer for the London branch of the House of Paquin (/wiki/Jeanne_Paquin) and also worked for Worth. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) In 1939 she became head designer for the Jacqmar studio, and it was both as its representative and as Paquin London's that she joined the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers as a founder member in 1942. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-Waddell-12) In her role with IncSoc and Jacqmar, she became involved with designing prototype utility (/wiki/Utility_clothing) clothing designs. [13] (#cite_note-VAM_Mosca-13) With other IncSoc members, she became involved in creating film costumes to promote British couture. The 1949 romantic comedy Maytime in Mayfair (/wiki/Maytime_in_Mayfair) is among her credits. [14] (#cite_note-BFI_Maytime-14) Earlier, she created a wedding dress for Peggy Bryan (/wiki/Peggy_Bryan) for the 1945 horror film Dead of Night (/wiki/Dead_of_Night) —the slim-fitting bridal outfit made under the Bianca Mosca label was photographed by the Ministry of Information (/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)) . Marriage [ edit ] In London, in 1942, Mosca married Claude Boisragon Crawford (born 1895), an India-born former British Army officer turned technician. [12] (#cite_note-Waddell-12) [2] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-2) [15] (#cite_note-15) Eponymous label [ edit ] In 1946, Mosca opened her own couture house; this had financial backing from George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey (/wiki/George_Child_Villiers,_9th_Earl_of_Jersey) , who would marry Mosca's niece Bianca Mottironi the following year. [16] (#cite_note-The_Times_05-16) In early 1949, a review of her collection in the Australian press highlighted "semi-eveningwear"—sleeveless, floor length gowns in organza or brocade with full underskirts and coats designed on similar principles. [17] (#cite_note-Sunday_Herald_Foster-17) At this stage, Mosca's notable clients included the Duchess of Kent (/wiki/Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark) . [18] (#cite_note-SMH_4/12/49-18) One of her co-designers was Walter Meggison, who went on to a successful career as a fashion designer in his native Australia in the 1950s. [19] (#cite_note-19) Mosca continued to work to promote British fashion. She and Victor Stiebel (/wiki/Victor_Stiebel) —who succeeded her at Jacqmar—showed a series of suits in London in 1949 using British woollens and worsteds (/wiki/Worsted) in a bid to attract overseas buyers. [20] (#cite_note-SPT_Hill-20) Mosca was closely involved with Sekers fabrics in Whitehaven, using its silks in her collections and working with some of its innovative fabrics. [21] (#cite_note-Sekers_history-21) In 1949, she donated a dress to the collection of Doris Langley Moore (/wiki/Doris_Langley_Moore) , later to establish the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) . The dress was permanently pleated and made of nylon (/wiki/Nylon) fabric – as such, it became the first British couture dress in the collection to feature a synthetic silk. [22] (#cite_note-Dress_History_Taylor-22) Mosca designed a showstopping black brocaded silk evening gown for Margot Fonteyn (/wiki/Margot_Fonteyn) , worn by the prima ballerina at a reception in New York after her opening performance of Sleeping Beauty (/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(ballet)) in 1949. [23] (#cite_note-Bath_2009-23) Fonteyn was photographed by Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) for British Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) in this dress. [24] (#cite_note-Sadler's_Wells_Theatre_Archive-24) By December 1949 Mosca's eponymous label was failing and the receivers were called in—this during a post-war slump in sales of British couture, due to a dwindling home market and overseas buyers' preference for Paris fashions. Claude Crawford, Mosca's husband, told the newspaper reporting the story that the company intended to continue trading under the Bianca Mosca name and was still taking orders. [18] (#cite_note-SMH_4/12/49-18) Death and legacy [ edit ] Having fallen ill with "a rare form of asthma" [4] (#cite_note-Leeds_Intelligencer_1950,_page_4-4) in 1949, the same year that she underwent what was described as "a serious operation", [25] (#cite_note-25) Mosca died at Paris's Hôpital Necker [2] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-2) in June 1950. [18] (#cite_note-SMH_4/12/49-18) [26] (#cite_note-Billboard_obits-26) Her obituary notice in The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) notes that she had recently opened an office in Paris to promote British fabrics in France. [1] (#cite_note-SMH_death_notice-1) A short tribute in The Times (/wiki/The_Times) noted: "Fashion was her métier , and she epitomized the chic that she dispensed". [27] (#cite_note-Times_EMC-27) In October 1951, it was announced in The Yorkshire Post (/wiki/The_Yorkshire_Post) that a trust fund would be established by friends of Bianca Mosca in order to award a fashion design scholarship in her name. [28] (#cite_note-YP_scholarship-28) In 1954, the Council of the Royal Society of Arts (/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Arts) took over the administration of the Bianca Mosca Memorial Trust, introducing two new bursaries for designers in the field of fashion, shoes, millinery or jewellery and announcing that the awards jury would include Edward Molyneux (/wiki/Edward_Molyneux) and Audrey Withers (/wiki/Audrey_Withers) . [29] (#cite_note-Industrial_Art_Guardian-29) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Dress Designer's Death in Paris" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18167156) . The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 June 1950 . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ a b c England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1995 ^ (#cite_ref-3) England & Wales, Civil Registration Marriage Index, 1916-2005 ^ a b "Madame Bianca Mosca", Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer , 20 June 1950, page 4 ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Design for Dollars", The Sketch, 2 March 1949, pages 30-31 ^ (#cite_ref-NYer_Flanner_6-0) Flanner, Janet (June 2, 1932). "Comet" (http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1932/06/18/comet) . The New Yorker . No. June 18, 1932 . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Mannequins go to the Palace" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=707&dat=19410313&id=PcMIAAAAIBAJ&pg=2177,414076) . The Sherbrooke Telegram . 13 March 1941 . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Crawford, Morris de Camp (1941). The ways of fashion . Fairchild Pub. Co. p. 328. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Hargrove, Rosette (24 August 1940). "Britain's Fashion Aces form Coalition" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2194&dat=19400824&id=m6UuAAAAIBAJ&pg=5474,4171465) . Ottawa Citizen . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Montagu, Elizabeth Susan; Montagu, Ralph (2003). Honourable rebel: the memoirs of Elizabeth Montagu, later Elizabeth Varley . Montagu Ventures. p. 239. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780952338611 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "unknown article title" (https://books.google.com/books?id=UT7rAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Mosca%22+Paquin) . Studio International . 121 : 102. 1941. ^ a b Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production . Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp. 175–77. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780632057528 . Retrieved 9 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-VAM_Mosca_13-0) "Bianca Mosca blouse" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O167944/blouse-incorporated-society-of/) . vam.ac.uk . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 20 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-BFI_Maytime_14-0) "Maytime in Mayfair (1949)" (http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/516661/credits.html) . screenonline.org.uk . British Film Institute . Retrieved 10 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) The Catholic Who's Who", Francis Cowley Burnand, Burns & Oates., 1952, page 93 ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_05_16-0) Rhodes, Michael (16 March 2005). "Dowager Countess of Jersey" (https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/peerage-news/BVXyk6aspj8/BN70kxDPSagJ) . The Times . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sunday_Herald_Foster_17-0) Foster, Elene (29 January 1949). "Mme. Mosca introduces 'farazia' (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18463576?searchTerm=) " (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18463576?searchTerm=) . No. 30 January 1949. Sunday Herald Sydney . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ a b c staff correspondent (4 December 1949). "London's "Big Eleven" feel austerity draught" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=19491204&id=zF0QAAAAIBAJ&pg=4975,554822) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 20 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Wearside", Sunderland Daily Echo and Shipping Gazette, 18 August 1954, page 2 ^ (#cite_ref-SPT_Hill_20-0) Hill, Geraldine (July 29, 1949). "British fashion designers appeal to foreign buyers" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=888&dat=19490729&id=RX1aAAAAIBAJ&pg=5336,6781619) . St Petersburg Times . Retrieved 20 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sekers_history_21-0) "Sir Nicholas Sekers" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140822011040/http://www.sekersfabrics.co.uk/about-sekers/sir-nicholas-sekers/) . Archived from the original (http://www.sekersfabrics.co.uk/about-sekers/sir-nicholas-sekers/) on 22 August 2014 . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dress_History_Taylor_22-0) Taylor, Lou (2004). Establishing Dress History . Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 139. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0719066387 . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bath_2009_23-0) Heritage Services Annual Review (PDF) . Bath: Fashion Museum Bath. 2009. p. 2. Archived from the original (http://fashionmuseum.co.uk/pdf/AnnRev%2008-9%20FINAL.pdf) (PDF) on 21 August 2014 . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sadler's_Wells_Theatre_Archive_24-0) "Sadler's Wells: ambassador for British fashion" (http://islingtonblogs.typepad.com/sadlers-wells-archive/2013/07/ambassadors-for-british-fashion.html) . islingtonblogs.typepad.com . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Manchester's Diary", Manchester Evening News, 16 December 1949, page 3 ^ (#cite_ref-Billboard_obits_26-0) "The Final Curtain" (https://books.google.com/books?id=m_UDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Bianca+Mosca+%2B+died+1950&pg=PA45) . Billboard. July 1, 1950 . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Times_EMC_27-0) E.M.C. (22 June 1950). "Mme. Bianca Mosca" (http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=ess_earl&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&docId=CS136792790&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0) . The Times . The Times Digital Archive . Retrieved 15 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-YP_scholarship_28-0) "Fashion Design Scholarship". Yorkshire Post . 31 October 1951. ^ (#cite_ref-Industrial_Art_Guardian_29-0) "Industrial Art: Awards for Fashion Design". The Guardian . Proquest Historical Newspapers. 24 September 1954. 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British fashion journalist and writer Susannah Frankel is a British fashion journalist and writer who, since the 1980s, has worked with a number of newspapers and publications. She was the leading journalist chosen by the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) , to choose the defining Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) of 1999. Since 2001, she has also written and co-written a number of books on fashion designers. Career [ edit ] Frankel studied English at Goldsmiths, University of London (/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London) , [1] (#cite_note-ss-1) She then joined an art and architecture publishers, Academy Editions, where she was assistant to the editorial director. In the late 1980s she became deputy editor of BLITZ (/wiki/BLITZ) and stayed there until its forced closure in 1991. [1] (#cite_note-ss-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) From 1996 to 1999, Frankel was fashion editor for The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , and then moved to the same role at The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) , where she worked until 2012 when she became fashion director for the UK edition of Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) . [3] (#cite_note-wwd-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) She also worked as fashion director for AnOther (/wiki/Another_Magazine) since its 2001 launch. In November 2015 it was reported that from January 2016, Frankel would be editor-in-chief of AnOther . Frankel has also contributed to Dazed & Confused (/wiki/Dazed) since 1998. [3] (#cite_note-wwd-3) When Alexandra Shulman (/wiki/Alexandra_Shulman) announced in 2017 that she was stepping down as editor of British (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) Vogue , it was speculated that Frankel might be a contender to succeed her due to her experience and the inclusivity of her vision. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 1999, Frankel was the fashion journalist selected by the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) , to pick out the most representative look for that year for their Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) collection. Her choice was an Alexander McQueen lace dress with a moulded leather neck-brace. [6] (#cite_note-rl-6) Books [ edit ] Alongside her journalistic work, Frankel has contributed to a number of publications on various designers such as Hussein Chalayan (/wiki/Hussein_Chalayan) , Peter Jensen (/wiki/Peter_Jensen_(fashion_designer)) , Martin Margiela (/wiki/Martin_Margiela) , Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) , Dries van Noten (/wiki/Dries_van_Noten) , Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) , and Yohji Yamamoto (/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto) . [3] (#cite_note-wwd-3) Her first book, Visionaries , which was published by the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) in 2001, was a collection of her interviews with designers. [3] (#cite_note-wwd-3) Frankel was a close and supportive friend of Alexander McQueen from the beginning of his career. She wrote a lengthy introduction-cum-biography for the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) 's publication for their McQueen retrospective, Savage Beauty (/wiki/Savage_Beauty_(exhibition)) . [7] (#cite_note-7) She also wrote about McQueen's formative years as a designer in an essay for the book accompanying the Victoria and Albert Museum's subsequent exhibition on the designer. [8] (#cite_note-8) She also collaborated with the photographer Nick Waplington on a book charting the development of McQueen's Autumn/Winter 2010 collection, The Horn Of Plenty. Titled Alexander Mcqueen: Working Process , the book was published to coincide with an exhibition of Waplington's images of McQueen's work at the Tate Britain in the spring of 2015. [9] (#cite_note-9) Selected bibliography [ edit ] Visionaries: interviews with fashion designers (2001, V&A ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781851773701 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781851773701) ) The House of Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) , by Caroline Evans and Susannah Frankel (2008, Merrell: ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781858944609 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781858944609) ) Stephen Jones (/wiki/Stephen_Jones_(milliner)) (2016, Rizzoli International Publications: ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780847848799 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780847848799) ) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Susannah Frankel" (http://showstudio.com/contributor/susannah_frankel) . showstudio.com . ShowSTUDIO . Retrieved 3 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Best, Kate Nelson (2017). The History of Fashion Journalism . Bloomsbury Academic. p. 208. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781847886552 . ^ a b c d Conti, Samantha (27 November 2015). "Susannah Frankel Named Editor in Chief of AnOther Magazine" (http://wwd.com/business-news/media/susannah-frankel-named-editor-in-chief-another-magazine-10287107/) . WWD . Retrieved 3 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Staff writer (8 August 2012). "Indy fashion editor Susannah Frankel joins Grazia – Press Gazette" (http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/indy-fashion-editor-susannah-frankel-joins-grazia/) . www.pressgazette.co.uk . Retrieved 3 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Fran Burns or Katie Grand? Meet the new Ed at British Vogue" (http://www.sleek-mag.com/2017/01/25/whose-next-british-vogues-editor-alexandra-schulman-steps/) . Sleek . H&B Publishing GmbH. 25 January 2017 . Retrieved 3 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-rl_6-0) Lester, Richard (2013). Dress of the year . Antique Collectors' Club. pp. 149–150. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781851497256 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Frankel, Susannah (2011). "Introduction" (https://archive.org/details/alexandermcqueen0000bolt/page/17) . In Bolton, Andrew (/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)) (ed.). Alexander McQueen : Savage Beauty (3rd ed.). New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 17–27 (https://archive.org/details/alexandermcqueen0000bolt/page/17) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300169782 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Frankel, Susannah (2015). "The Early Years". In Wilcox, Claire (ed.). Alexander McQueen . Harry N. Abrams. pp. 69–78. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781851778270 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Nick Waplington / Alexander McQueen: Working Process – Exhibition at Tate Britain" (http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/nick-waplington-alexander-mcqueen-working-process) . 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Swedish fashion model, blogger and actress Kenza Zouiten Subosic كنزة زويتن Kenza Zouiten (2011) Born ( 1991-04-21 ) 21 April 1991 (age 33) Stockholm (/wiki/Stockholm) , Sweden Occupation(s) Model (/wiki/Model_(person)) , blogger (/wiki/Blog) Spouse Alex Subosic (m. 2017) Children 3 Website kenzas (http://kenzas.se/) .se (http://kenzas.se/) Kenza Zouiten ( Arabic (/wiki/Arab) : كنزة زويتن) was born on 21 April 1991 in Stockholm (/wiki/Stockholm) to a Swedish (/wiki/Sweden) mother and Moroccan (/wiki/Morocco) father. She is a fashion model, blogger and actress. Career [ edit ] Kenza was born in Sweden. Kenza's father is from Morocco (/wiki/Morocco) and her mother is Swedish. Between the ages of two and six, Kenza lived in Morocco. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Later returning to Sweden, Kenza hosted her own web TV show Kenza & Tyra Show . [3] (#cite_note-3) She runs the blog "Kenzas" which has become one of Sweden's most viewed blogs. [4] (#cite_note-resume1-4) [5] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-5) [6] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-6) She has modeled in campaigns for Guldfynd, Ur & Penn and JC. [7] (#cite_note-7) She has also been on the cover of the magazines VeckoRevyn (/wiki/VeckoRevyn) , Frida (/wiki/Frida_(magazine)) , Café (/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Magazine) magazine, Bubbleroom Magazine and Solo (/wiki/Solo_(magazine)) . [8] (#cite_note-8) Zouiten has been a model (/wiki/Model_(person)) for Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) . [5] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-5) It was estimated that Kenza earned 2.5 million (SEK) from her blog in 2011. In November 2015, Kenza participated in the Christmas campaign "let it snow" for Nelly.com. In the campaign, she both modelled for the clothes and sang in a music video. [9] (#cite_note-9) She has her own fashion label called IvyRevel. Awards [ edit ] In 2008, she won the award at the Veckorevyns Blog Awards for "Best blog of the year". The same year, she won "Personal blog of the year" at the Finest Awards. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2009 she won "Fashion blog of the year" by Aftonbladet (/wiki/Aftonbladet) newspaper, and in February 2012 Zouiten won "Best international blog" award at the Bloglovin (/wiki/Bloglovin%27) Awards in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , United States. [6] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-6) [11] (#cite_note-11) Let's Dance [ edit ] In January 2014, it was announced that Kenza Zouiten would participate in Let's Dance 2014 (/wiki/Let%27s_Dance_2014) . Her dance partner was Swedish professional dancer Calle Sterner (/wiki/Calle_Sterner) . [4] (#cite_note-resume1-4) [12] (#cite_note-12) Personal life [ edit ] On 2 February, 2009, she met Alex Subosic. They began dating shortly after and were married on 29 July, 2017. After being diagnosed with early menopause and undergoing 2 rounds of IVF which ended in failure, Subosic announced her pregnancy in January 2019, saying that she had conceived the child naturally. Their son Nikola was born on 14 June 2019. On 6 September 2020, they announced that they are expecting their second child. On 18 October 2020, she revealed that they are expecting another boy. Couple's second son, Danilo, was born on 5 March 2021, at exactly same hour as his older brother, 05:06am. In 5 December 2022, she announced that they are expecting their third child, due in June 2023. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Mitt stora feta marockanska bröllop « Kenzas" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140202100134/http://kenzas.se/2009/09/06/mitt-stora-feta-marockanska-brollop/) (Press release). Kenzas.se. 6 September 2009. Archived from the original (http://kenzas.se/2009/09/06/mitt-stora-feta-marockanska-brollop/) on 2 February 2014 . Retrieved 16 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Kenza Zouiten" (http://cafe.se/kenza-zouiten/) . cafe.se. 25 May 2009. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130331094600/http://cafe.se/kenza-zouiten) from the original on 31 March 2013 . Retrieved 16 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Kenza & Tyra show « Kenzas" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130311223433/http://kenzas.se/category/kenza-tyra-show/) . Kenzas.se. Archived from the original (http://kenzas.se/category/kenza-tyra-show/) on 11 March 2013 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ a b "Resumé: Hon tjänar bäst i bloggvärlden" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130129065555/http://www.resume.se/nyheter/webb/2012/11/27/hon-tjanar-bast-i-bloggvarlden/) . Resume.se. Archived from the original (http://www.resume.se/nyheter/webb/2012/11/27/hon-tjanar-bast-i-bloggvarlden/) on 29 January 2013 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ a b "Elite Model Management Stockholm" (http://elitemodel.se/index.php?id=10571&model=4906) . Elitemodel.se. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140219003735/http://elitemodel.se/index.php?id=10571&model=4906) from the original on 19 February 2014 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ a b "Kenza Zouiten - P3 Populär" (http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2785&artikel=4762513) . Sveriges Radio . Sverigesradio.se. 24 October 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140201215333/http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2785&artikel=4762513) from the original on 1 February 2014 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Guldfynd by Kenza" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130115133602/http://www.guldfynd.se/page.jsp?node=461) . Guldfynd.se. Archived from the original (http://www.guldfynd.se/page.jsp?node=461) on 15 January 2013 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "PÅ OMSLAGET: Kenza Zouiten" (http://www.veckorevyn.com/Kandis-23341-23993/PA-OMSLAGET-Kenza-Zouiten) . Veckorevyn. 10 December 2009. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140203183117/http://www.veckorevyn.com/Kandis-23341-23993/PA-OMSLAGET-Kenza-Zouiten) from the original on 3 February 2014 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Let it snow - Kenza Zouiten - Nelly.com" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rKxMs7qjUI) . Nelly.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160204092959/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rKxMs7qjUI) from the original on 4 February 2016 . Retrieved 23 November 2015 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Tack « Kenzas" (http://kenzas.se/2011/09/17/tack-12/) . Kenzas.se. 17 September 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130413061030/http://kenzas.se/2011/09/17/tack-12/) from the original on 13 April 2013 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Grattis till bloggpriset, Kenza!" (http://www.posh24.se/kenza_zouiten/grattis_till_bloggpriset_kenza) . Posh24.se. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20121214090545/http://www.posh24.se/kenza_zouiten/grattis_till_bloggpriset_kenza) from the original on 14 December 2012 . Retrieved 24 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Aftonbladet : Kenza med i årets Let’s dance i TV4 (https://www.aftonbladet.se/nojesbladet/tv/article18250175.ab) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140130073205/http://www.aftonbladet.se/nojesbladet/tv/article18250175.ab) 2014-01-30 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) (in Swedish) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kenza Zouiten (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kenza_Zouiten) . 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Mellerio dits Meller Industry Jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) Founded 1613 ; 411 years ago ( 1613 ) Founder the Mellerio family Headquarters Rue de la Paix, Paris (/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix,_Paris) , France Key people Laure-Isabelle Mellerio ( President (/wiki/President_(corporate_title)) ) Products Rings (/wiki/Ring_(jewellery)) , earrings (/wiki/Earring) , bracelets (/wiki/Bracelet) , necklaces (/wiki/Necklace) , pendants (/wiki/Pendant) Website mellerio (http://mellerio.fr) .fr (http://mellerio.fr) Mellerio dits Meller is a French jewellery house, founded in 1613, and still active today. It is the oldest family company in Europe. [1] (#cite_note-1) It gives its name to the Mellerio cut, a 57-facet jewel cut, shaped as an oval within an ellipse. [2] (#cite_note-2) Today Mellerio is based in rue de la Paix (/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) , with branches in Luxembourg (/wiki/Luxembourg) and Japan (/wiki/Japan) . It is a member of the Comité Colbert (/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_Colbert) and also of the Henokiens (/wiki/Henokiens) , an international club made up of family companies over 200 years old. Directors François and Olivier Mellerio are the fourteenth generation to run the family business. History [ edit ] The firm started in 1613, founded by the Mellerio family from Valle Vigezzo (/wiki/Valle_Vigezzo) , under the patronage of Marie de Médicis (/wiki/Marie_de_M%C3%A9dicis) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Jean-Baptiste Mellerio (1765-1850) started trading in Versailles (/wiki/Versailles_(city)) in 1777, and attracted the patronage of Queen Marie Antoinette (/wiki/Queen_Marie_Antoinette) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) According to Côme Mellerio referring to his company's archives, on the day of the French Revolution (/wiki/French_Revolution) (14 July 1789), the sales of their Mellerio shop in Paris were excellent. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1796, he set up shop on rue Vivienne, Versailles, retaining the patronage of the Empress Josephine (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_de_Beauharnais) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Francois Mellerio (1772-1843) moved the firm to Paris, initially at 4, rue du Coq Saint-Honoré. In 1815, he moved the workshop to 9, rue de la Paix in Paris, where it remains today. After the restoration of the French monarchy in 1830, Mellerio became suppliers to Queen Marie-Amélie (/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Naples_and_Sicily) and King Louis-Philippe (/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Jean-François Mellerio (1815-1896) opened a branch in Madrid (/wiki/Madrid) in 1850 from which he supplied customers including Queen Isabella II (/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain) and the future Empress Eugenie of France (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_de_Montijo) . The company's estimated sales (in 2010/2011) were €8 million. [6] (#cite_note-Luxury-6) Notable works [ edit ] Mellerio has an archive of about 100,000 items. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Trophies [ edit ] Mellerio made the Coupe des Mousquetaires (/wiki/Coupe_des_Mousquetaires) trophy, awarded to the winner of the Men's Singles (/wiki/French_Open_champions_(Men%27s_Singles)) competition at the French Open (/wiki/French_Open) since 1981. It is in the form of a large silver bowl, with a vine leaf trim. Coupe des Mousquetaires (French Open - Gentlemen's single) Winners receive a pure silver replica of the trophy, specially made and engraved for each winner by the maison Mellerio. Mellerio has made the ceremonial sword for members of the Académie française (/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise) , including François Cheng (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Cheng) . Each sword is unique, with the hilt decorated with symbols of its owner's achievements. [7] (#cite_note-7) Tiaras and royal jewels [ edit ] The Mellerio Shell tiara was given to Infanta Isabella of Spain (/wiki/Isabella,_Princess_of_Asturias_(1851%E2%80%931931)) as a wedding present from her mother Queen Isabella II (/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain) in 1868. The tiara had been made by Mellerio for the 1867 Paris Exhibition. It is made of diamonds in the shape of shells decorated with pearls. It remains part of the Spanish royal family (/wiki/Spanish_royal_family) jewels, worn today by Queen Sofia of Spain (/wiki/Queen_Sofia_of_Spain) . [ citation needed ] Mellerio is also attributed with the creation of the Spanish Floral Tiara, made of diamonds in a pattern of flowers, which was a wedding gift to the future Queen Sofia from General Franco (/wiki/General_Franco) on her marriage to Juan Carlos (/wiki/Juan_Carlos) of Spain in 1962. [ citation needed ] The jewel collection of the Dutch royal family (/wiki/Dutch_royal_family) includes a tiara made by Mellerio for Queen Emma (/wiki/Emma_of_Waldeck_and_Pyrmont) . The ruby tiara is part of a set made in 1889. Mellerio also made the rose pattern diamond tiara bought by Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy) for the 1868 wedding of his son, Prince Umberto (/wiki/Umberto_I_of_Italy) , to Margherita of Savoy (/wiki/Margherita_of_Savoy) . A 1742 peacock brooch by Mellerio was worn by Anita Delgado (/wiki/Anita_Delgado) as princess of Kapurthala. [8] (#cite_note-8) Mellerio family [ edit ] André Mellerio in The Mellerio Family by Maurice Denis (/wiki/Maurice_Denis) , 1897. At one time, the family owned the Pavilon de Musique (/wiki/Marie_Jos%C3%A9phine_of_Savoy#Pavilon_de_Musique) in Versailles, built for Princess Marie Joséphine of Savoy. The events surrounding the death of Antoine Mellerio in 1870 inspired Robert Browning (/wiki/Robert_Browning) ’s 1873 poem " Red Cotton Night-Cap Country (/wiki/Red_Cotton_Night-Cap_Country) ". André Mellerio (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mellerio) (1862-1943) was an art critic and publisher, and author of ‘ Mouvement idéaliste en peinture’ (1896) who popularised the work of the artists Odilon Redon (/wiki/Odilon_Redon) and Charles Guilloux (/wiki/Charles_Guilloux) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Charles Mellerio (1879 – 1978) was an artist whose watercolours were exhibited many times at the Salon des Artistes Français (/wiki/Salon_des_Artistes_Fran%C3%A7ais) at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) . He received the Prix de Rome (/wiki/Prix_de_Rome) award for drawing at the age of 20. Further reading [ edit ] Meylan, Vincent. Mellerio dits Meller, Jeweler to Queens . Éditions Télémaque. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Mellerio dits Meller" (http://www.mellerio.fr/mellerio.php?page=gb_sommaire) . mellerio.fr . 2012-05-20. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120520041815/http://www.mellerio.fr/mellerio.php?page=gb_sommaire) from the original on 2012-05-20 . Retrieved 2021-03-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The Mellerio Cut" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110706114543/http://www.mellerio.fr/mellerio.php?page=gb_joaillerie&id_rubrique=34&id_article=62) . Archived from the original (http://www.mellerio.fr/mellerio.php?page=gb_joaillerie&id_rubrique=34&id_article=62) on July 6, 2011 . Retrieved August 11, 2012 . ^ a b c d Menkes, Suzy (2013-10-21). "Jewels That Could Tell 400 Years of History" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/22/fashion/jewels-that-could-tell-400-years-of-history.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2020-04-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Revol, Michel (2019-09-27). "L'étrange confrérie des Hénokiens" (https://www.lepoint.fr/economie/l-etrange-confrerie-des-henokiens-27-09-2019-2338166_28.php) . Le Point (in French) . Retrieved 2020-04-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Luxe-Magazine. "Luxe-Magazine" (http://www.luxe-magazine.com/default.php?FCT=A&A=99) . Luxe-magazine.com . Retrieved 24 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Luxury_6-0) Chevalier, Michel (2012). Luxury Brand Management . Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-118-17176-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "L'habit vert et l'épée" (http://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/lhabit-vert-et-lepee) . Academie-francaise.fr . Retrieved 24 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Ecos" (http://www.princesadekapurthala.com/ecos) . Princesadekapurthala.com . Retrieved 24 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Musée d'Orsay: Charles Guilloux Crépuscule" (http://www.musee-orsay.fr/fr/collections/oeuvres-commentees/peinture/commentaire_id/crepuscule-9863.html?tx_commentaire_pi1%5BpidLi%5D=509&tx_commentaire_pi1%5Bfrom%5D=841&cHash=947b1655c4) . Musee-orsay.fr. 4 February 2009 . Retrieved 24 November 2014 . 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Chanel collection showcased biannually Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) is a privately held French company founded in 1909 by Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) , a former milliner. [1] (#cite_note-1) The Chanel ready-to-wear collection is showcased biannually for spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons during Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) to an audience of media, retailers, buyers, investors, and customers, under the auspices of the Chambre Syndicale du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode (/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_fran%C3%A7aise_de_la_couture) , which is one of three trade associations affiliated with the Fédération française de la couture, du prêt-à-porter des couturiers et des créateurs de mode. [2] (#cite_note-2) The House of Chanel is known for liberating women from the corset in the early 20th century and designing fluid, jersey pieces, most notably the little black dress. The little black dress was created to showcase the elegance and body silhouette. It was created in 1926 and debuted by Coco Chanel. Due to the shortages on fabric and materials because of the Great Depression the little black dress became a staple in every women’s closet because of how easy it was to save money and not break the bank to look great! Chanel died in 1971, Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) served as Creative Director from 1983 [3] (#cite_note-3) until his death in 2019. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Virginie Viard (/wiki/Virginie_Viard) , Karl Lagerfeld's longtime collaborator for more than three decades, succeeded him as Creative Director. Viard has a background in costume design [6] (#cite_note-6) and presented her first solo collection in May 2019 for Chanel's Cruise 2020 Collection. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2012 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2012 Runway Show was presented on October 4, 2011 at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) in Paris. With a massive seascape production, which Vogue described as spectacular and risk-taking, Creative Director Karl Lagerfeld unveiled 84 new looks with unconstructed jackets, cutaway backs, [11] (#cite_note-auto-11) ostrich feather skirts, and sequined dresses in a lighter, iridescent palette of whites, creams, nudes, and metallics that shifted to pinks, corals, and blacks. [12] (#cite_note-12) For a sportier element, Lagerfeld added drawstring waists and bomber jackets. The collection featured a variety of fabrics ranging from tweed, organza, lace, chiffon and lamé to knit, silk, and leather. With a slight 1920s influence, [13] (#cite_note-13) design details included drop-waists, pearl belts, seaweed panniers, boxy tweed jackets, and ruffles that mimicked sea sponges. [11] (#cite_note-auto-11) There were also aquatic-themed accessories with handbags, shoes, and jewelry shaped as seashells, conch shells, and coral. [14] (#cite_note-14) The production included stylized, oversized installations [15] (#cite_note-15) of giant sea life sculptures: stingray, sea horse, shark, anemone, and coral branches in a variety of matte, glossy, and sparkly finishes. [16] (#cite_note-16) Florence Welch (/wiki/Florence_Welch) provided the soundtrack with a live performance of "What the Water Gave Me." [11] (#cite_note-auto-11) Saskia de Brauw (/wiki/Saskia_de_Brauw) opened the runway show. Freja Beha Erichsen (/wiki/Freja_Beha_Erichsen) , Arizona Muse (/wiki/Arizona_Muse) , Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) , Tao Okamoto (/wiki/Tao_Okamoto) , Heidi Mount (/wiki/Heidi_Mount) , Fei Fei Sun (/wiki/Fei_Fei_Sun) , Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) , Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) , Joan Smalls (/wiki/Joan_Smalls) , Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) , and Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) closed the presentation. [17] (#cite_note-17) Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , Anna Dello Russo (/wiki/Anna_Dello_Russo) , Alexa Chung (/wiki/Alexa_Chung) , Jared Leto (/wiki/Jared_Leto) , Vanessa Traina, Ines de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Sean Lennon (/wiki/Sean_Lennon) , and Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) attended the show and were photographed on the front row. [18] (#cite_note-18) Fashion Critic Tim Blanks (/wiki/Tim_Blanks) described the runway presentation as "a magical underwater environment." Following the October 4, 2011 presentation, Blanks asked Lagerfeld at what point did the theme of the undersea world assert itself on the collection. Lagerfeld replied, "Nothing is more modern than the shapes in the ground of the sea who have billions of years. The sea is the same all over the world; so it's a manualization in a very modern, graphic way—and where pollution hadn't reached yet." Blanks noted the paradoxical metaphor of creating something very modern out of something very old. "I'm happy you say that," noted Lagerfeld. "In fact, the oldest things are the most modern in a way." [19] (#cite_note-19) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2012 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2012 Runway Show was presented on March 5, 2012 at the Grand Palais in Paris. Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Runway described the runway set as the Fortress of Solitude. [20] (#cite_note-auto1-20) Karl Lagerfeld transitioned from the depths of the ocean to the center of the Earth with 68 new looks. [21] (#cite_note-21) The presentation's featured silhouette focused on a three-piece ensemble of jacket, shirt, and pants. The collection's dichotic inspiration sources were mineralogical and cubist. Embroidered crystals along the hemlines and cuffs referenced the former influence, while color-blocking and the angularity of the design details evoked the latter. Even the models' eyebrows were embellished by the couture embroidery house, Maison Lesage (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Lesage) . [20] (#cite_note-auto1-20) Vogue UK (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) descricribed the collections as a feast of color and texture with a feel of sorcery; this season's palette included petrol green, purple, emerald, amethyst, and sapphire. [22] (#cite_note-22) Michel Gaubert provided the runway soundtrack. [20] (#cite_note-auto1-20) Kati Nescher (/wiki/Kati_Nescher) opened the runway show. Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , Caroline Brasch Nielsen (/wiki/Caroline_Brasch_Nielsen) , Karmen Pedaru (/wiki/Karmen_Pedaru) , Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) , Edie Campbell (/wiki/Edie_Campbell) , Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) , Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) , and Bette Franke (/wiki/Bette_Franke) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Maria Bradley closed the presentation. [23] (#cite_note-23) Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) , Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , Poppy Delevingne (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) , Miroslava Duma (/wiki/Miroslava_Duma) , Bryan Grey-Yamboo, Virginie Mouzat, Yao Chen (/wiki/Yao_Chen) , and Laura Neiva (/wiki/Laura_Neiva) , attended the show and were photographed on the front row. [24] (#cite_note-24) Tim Blanks described the pieces as new, seductive, yet wearable. Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) Editor in Chief, Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) remarked of the collection, "It's so different from anyone, because it makes you feel like you're dreaming, but at the same time, you know that you could wear." When characterizing the runway design to Blanks, Lagerfeld said, "What is more modern? This looks like a city of skyscrapers that has exploded, in a way—so I think, nature is not such a bad designer, no? And the other inspiration in terms of cuts and shapes and embroideries is Czech cubism (/wiki/Czech_Cubism) . I thought it was an interesting expression." [25] (#cite_note-25) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2013 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2013 Runway Show was presented on October 1, 2012 at the Grand Palais in Paris. Vogue Runway described the set as having an architectural modernism. [26] (#cite_note-auto2-26) With an installation of 13 oversized wind turbines and solar panels [27] (#cite_note-auto3-27) across the length of the catwalk [28] (#cite_note-auto4-28) signifying a message of sustainable energy, Lagerfeld unveiled 80 new looks. [26] (#cite_note-auto2-26) The set was designed to underscore the collection's theme of ease and serenity. [28] (#cite_note-auto4-28) This season's featured silhouette statements were boleros and A-line skirts, dresses, and jackets. The creative director used three-dimensional chiffon cut-outs to create more lightness, volume, and movement. He eschewed his typical use of braids, buttons, and chains in favor of a more liberal placement of pearl embellishments [26] (#cite_note-auto2-26) for a look that he described to WWD as fresh and light, with different proportions and volumes. Lagerfeld, who is approaching his 30th anniversary as Creative Director of Chanel, continues to modernize the house, without reinventing its core aesthetic. This season, he showed cropped jackets, cocoon shapes, trapeze cuts, bell sleeves, wide-cut jackets, skirt-dresses, embroidered flowers, and organza pinwheels. [28] (#cite_note-auto4-28) [27] (#cite_note-auto3-27) Kati Nescher (/wiki/Kati_Nescher) opened the runway show. Yumi Lambert (/wiki/Yumi_Lambert) , Lily McMenamy (/wiki/Lily_McMenamy) , MacKenzie Drazan, Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) , Iselin Steiro (/wiki/Iselin_Steiro) , Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) , Montana Cox (/wiki/Montana_Cox) , Kaitlin Aas (/wiki/K%C3%A4tlin_Aas) , Aymeline Valade (/wiki/Aymeline_Valade) , and Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Marte Mei van Haaster closed the presentation. [29] (#cite_note-29) Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , Lou Doillon (/wiki/Lou_Doillon) , Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , Caroline Sieber (/wiki/Caroline_Sieber) , Chiara Clemente, Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) , Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) , Erin Wasson (/wiki/Erin_Wasson) , Giovanna Battaglia (/wiki/Giovanna_Battaglia_Engelbert) , and Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) , attended the show and were photographed on the front row. [30] (#cite_note-30) "No braids, no classic channel buttons, no chains—just pearls, pearls, and pearls, and that's all," as Lagerfeld described his new collection to Style.com's Blanks. "It's all about volume and lightness, because normally volume and lightness don't go together. Everything is airy." When asked if this was the biggest thing he'd ever done, in terms of the production scale, the designer responded, "I don't judge my things in terms of size. Energy is the most important thing in life. The rest comes later." [31] (#cite_note-31) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2013 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2013 Runway Show was presented on March 4, 2013 at the Grand Palais in Paris. [32] (#cite_note-auto5-32) The House of Chanel marked its centennial anniversary [33] (#cite_note-auto6-33) with a production designed to celebrate the brand's market strength. An illuminated oversized globe spun in the center of the venue, with at least 300 pinned branded flags, one for every Chanel boutique, [34] (#cite_note-34) as the creative director ushered out 80 new looks to the soundtrack of Daft Punk (/wiki/Daft_Punk) 's "Around the World." [35] (#cite_note-35) The collection featured loose, bulky jackets, A-shapes, dropped-torsos, [36] (#cite_note-36) asymmetric hems, and statement sleeves. Fabrications included tweed, quilted silk, boucle wool, cashmere, chiffon. This season's palette featured black, white, teal, red, and grey. [33] (#cite_note-auto6-33) The darker collection was offset by glittering tweeds [37] (#cite_note-37) and woven metallics. [32] (#cite_note-auto5-32) Ashleigh Good opened and closed the runway show. Xiao Wen Ju (/wiki/Xiao_Wen_Ju) , Marine Deleeuw (/wiki/Marine_Deleeuw) , Iris van Berne, Josephine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) , Nadja Bender (/wiki/Nadja_Bender) , Daphne Groeneveld (/wiki/Daphne_Groeneveld) , Meghan Collison, Shu Pei (/wiki/Shu_Pei) Qin, and Louise Parker were amongst the models who also walked the show. [38] (#cite_note-38) Jessica Chastain (/wiki/Jessica_Chastain) , Princess Caroline of Hanover (/wiki/Caroline,_Princess_of_Hanover) , Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) , Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Caroline Sieber (/wiki/Caroline_Sieber) , Amber Kuo (/wiki/Amber_Kuo) , [39] (#cite_note-39) Frank Ocean (/wiki/Frank_Ocean) , Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) , and Yi Zhou (/wiki/Yi_Zhou) attended the show. [40] (#cite_note-40) Actress and model Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) said of the collection, "I love how he really brought in a lot of the essence of Coco Chanel into this collection, whether it was some of those more billowy coats—that was just so quintessentially Coco. I love how he is always able to take history and meld it with the future in the most beautiful, sensible way." As told to Style.com (/wiki/Style.com) , Lagerfeld noted of his collection, "It was dark, but I don't think it was sad. It's not easy to run around in pink all day. It's a very cosmopolitan, international look. It's a global look women can wear all over the world… An interesting thing is that today it's not that Europe, as big as the amount of shops, it's the rest of the world, it's the new world. And that's very interesting, because French luxury industry survives doing so well because there are all of those new fortunes in a new part of the world. And this is something I wanted to show too, that they see all the flags there in this new world… It's globalization, a fashion globalization." [41] (#cite_note-41) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2014 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2014 Runway Show was presented on September 30, 2013 at the Grand Palais in Paris. [42] (#cite_note-auto7-42) This season, Lagerfeld staged an art exhibit [43] (#cite_note-43) reminiscent of Andy Warhol (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) , the designer referenced Pop Art (/wiki/Pop_art) for a Pop Fashion collection, [44] (#cite_note-auto8-44) ushering out 89 new looks. [45] (#cite_note-auto9-45) The Grand Palais was transformed into a huge gallery of paintings and sculptures. The pieces included iconic Chanel symbols such camellias, pearls, and a bottle of No.5. [42] (#cite_note-auto7-42) Ensembles included shrunken sweaters, leather pants, flared skirts, and voluminous tweed jackets. Accessories varied from graffiti-style backpacks, canvas shoppers with bead appliqué, metallic leather mini purses, and logo-emblazoned plexiglass bags. This season's palette varied from white and black to pink and purple. [44] (#cite_note-auto8-44) As explained to WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , Lagerfeld noted that the show's concept began several months ahead of the collection as satire and the idea that people overact to art today. The designer created an art installation of 75 pieces as a backdrop to his presentation. [46] (#cite_note-46) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) opened runway show. Devon Windsor (/wiki/Devon_Windsor) , Ming Xi (/wiki/Ming_Xi) , Ieva Laguna (/wiki/Ieva_Lag%C5%ABna) , Grace Hartzel (/wiki/Grace_Hartzel) , Holly Rose Emery (/wiki/Holly_Rose_Emery) , Grace Mahary (/wiki/Grace_Mahary) , and Josephine Skriver (/wiki/Josephine_Skriver) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) closed the presentation. [45] (#cite_note-auto9-45) Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , Rita Ora (/wiki/Rita_Ora) , Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) , Virginie Ledoyen (/wiki/Virginie_Ledoyen) , Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) , Lou Doillon (/wiki/Lou_Doillon) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Zoë Kravitz (/wiki/Zo%C3%AB_Kravitz) , Alma Jodorowsky (/wiki/Alma_Jodorowsky) , Caroline Sieber (/wiki/Caroline_Sieber) , Stacy Martin (/wiki/Stacy_Martin) , Stacy Keibler (/wiki/Stacy_Keibler) , Yi Zhou (/wiki/Yi_Zhou) , and Chrystèle Saint Louis Augustin attended the show. [47] (#cite_note-47) When asked about the art installation, Lagerfeld replied, "I designed it. I made small models, and then they make it bigger. Yes, I made everything. It's not different young artists; only one old artist—it's me… And I think it was right for today, no? Because life is not a red carpet. This is for daily life; that was the idea in fact." [48] (#cite_note-48) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2014 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2014 Runway Show was presented on March 3, 2014 at the Grand Palais in Paris. [49] (#cite_note-49) This season, Lagerfeld's team transformed the Grand Palais into a 139,930-square-foot supermarket labyrinth, one that took each model 4.5 minutes to traverse. [50] (#cite_note-50) Monikered by Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) as the world's most luxurious [51] (#cite_note-51) and chicest supermarket, [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) the Chanel Shopping Center was stocked with Chanel-branded merchandise, everything from doormats, paint pots, and chainsaws to Pringles, Coco Pops, and bath salts— [54] (#cite_note-auto10-54) even the guests' seats were fashioned out of cardboard boxes. [55] (#cite_note-auto11-55) Remixes of Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) and Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) provided the runway soundtrack. A closing announcement created a bit of a fashion stampede, when the frenzied audience ran towards the runway clamoring for giveaways, "The shopping centre will be closing shortly, please help yourself to the complimentary fruit and veg and please come again." [54] (#cite_note-auto10-54) The season's silhouette was anchored by hourglass shapes [55] (#cite_note-auto11-55) and strong shoulders. Most outfits were layered over leggings. Corseted waistlines and knee-length skirts were paired with trapeze coats. Fabrications included tweed, cashmere, jersey, knitwear, silk, leather, and chiffon. The multi-hued palette varied from pink, orange, yellow, and green, to burgundy purple, grey, and black. [56] (#cite_note-56) Featured accessories ranged from padlock necklaces and quilted headphones to sneakers and sneaker boots. [57] (#cite_note-57) With a sportier vibe, the show's setting made a commentary on everyday consumerism. [58] (#cite_note-58) Interviewed post-show, Rihanna said, "I think the show was fun. It was young… I loved the silhouettes. I really, really loved the layering, the colors, the tweed—I wanted so many pieces right away… Everything was brilliant. I think was very me. I feel like I could wear everything in the collection." [59] (#cite_note-auto12-59) "We saw the punk girl. I think I saw the sophisticated, the very young teenagers—they were all there, it feels like a brand that you can wear throughout any age," noted Alicia Vikander (/wiki/Alicia_Vikander) . [59] (#cite_note-auto12-59) "I think that's one of the most extraordinary things about Karl," added Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , "For however long he's been doing this, he continues to reinvent and continues to be forward-thinking, and always about the present and the future." [59] (#cite_note-auto12-59) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) opened runway show, which featured 78 looks. Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) , Julia Nobis (/wiki/Julia_Nobis) , Binx Walton (/wiki/Binx_Walton) , Kati Nescher (/wiki/Kati_Nescher) , Malaika Firth (/wiki/Malaika_Firth) , Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , Pauline Hoarau (/wiki/Pauline_Hoarau) , Lexi Boling (/wiki/Lexi_Boling) , Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) , Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) , Fei Fei Sun (/wiki/Fei_Fei_Sun) , and Marine Deleeuw (/wiki/Marine_Deleeuw) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Nastya Sten (/wiki/Nastya_Sten) closed the presentation. [60] (#cite_note-60) Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , Melanie Griffith (/wiki/Melanie_Griffith) , Stella Banderas, Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) , Clémence Poésy (/wiki/Cl%C3%A9mence_Po%C3%A9sy) , Alicia Vikander (/wiki/Alicia_Vikander) , Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , Baptiste Giabiconi (/wiki/Baptiste_Giabiconi) , Laura Neiva, Elisa Sednaoui (/wiki/Elisa_Sednaoui) , Alma Jodorowsky (/wiki/Alma_Jodorowsky) , Alice Dellal (/wiki/Alice_Dellal) , Tao Okamoto (/wiki/Tao_Okamoto) , Yi Zhou (/wiki/Yi_Zhou) , Bae Donna (/wiki/Bae_Doona) , and Rebecca Wang (/wiki/Rebecca_Wang) attended the show. [61] (#cite_note-61) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2015 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2015 Runway Show was presented on September 30, 2014 at the Grand Palais in Paris. [62] (#cite_note-62) The production was a 130-meter-long catwalk [63] (#cite_note-auto13-63) set as Boulevard Chanel staging a fashion protest. [64] (#cite_note-64) Lagerfeld's team recreated an urban cityscape with building facades, wrought-iron terraces, pavements, and puddles. [65] (#cite_note-auto14-65) This season's underlying theme was female empowerment. This was a collection about individuality and self-expression, which is why there were so many mix and match pieces. [63] (#cite_note-auto13-63) This feminine fashion expressionism was that women should be able to dress exactly how they want. [66] (#cite_note-66) The silhouettes included everything from double-breasted suits, utility field jackets, and flared trousers to polo shirts with jogging pants, box-pleated skirts, and evening gowns. [67] (#cite_note-67) This season's fabrications were knits, silk, lace, chiffon, tweed, and leather. [65] (#cite_note-auto14-65) Some of the finale protest signs read, "Tweed is Better Than tweet," "Be Your Own Stylist," "Make Fashion not War," "Free Freedom," "Ladies First" [68] (#cite_note-68) "Women's Rights Are More Than Alright," and "History is Her Story." [69] (#cite_note-69) Chaka Khan (/wiki/Chaka_Khan) 's "I'm Every Woman" provided the runway soundtrack. [70] (#cite_note-70) [71] (#cite_note-71) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) opened the runway show, which featured 86 looks, with a megaphone in hand. [72] (#cite_note-72) Melina Gesto, Josephine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) , Sanne Vloet (/wiki/Sanne_Vloet) , Charlotte Free, Daphne Groeneveld (/wiki/Daphne_Groeneveld) , Georgia May Jagger (/wiki/Georgia_May_Jagger) , Sam Rollinson, Lexi Boling, Zlata Mangafic, Valery Kaufman, Taylor Hill (/wiki/Taylor_Hill_(model)) , Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) , Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) , Joan Smalls (/wiki/Joan_Smalls) , and Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) closed the presentation, culminating in a feminist march protest. [73] (#cite_note-73) Anna Mouglalis (/wiki/Anna_Mouglalis) , Baz Luhrmann (/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann) , Catherine Martin (/wiki/Catherine_Martin_(designer)) , Julie Delpy (/wiki/Julie_Delpy) , Alma Jodorowsky (/wiki/Alma_Jodorowsky) , Elisa Sednaoui (/wiki/Elisa_Sednaoui) , Laura Neiva (/wiki/Laura_Neiva) , Alexa Chung (/wiki/Alexa_Chung) , Louise Grinberg (/wiki/Louise_Grinberg) , Caroline Sieber (/wiki/Caroline_Sieber) , Anna Linhartová (/wiki/Anna_Linhartov%C3%A1) , Claire Berest, Anne Berest, Yi Zhou (/wiki/Yi_Zhou) , Razane Jammal (/wiki/Razane_Jammal) , [74] (#cite_note-74) and Kris Jenner (/wiki/Kris_Jenner) attended the show. [75] (#cite_note-75) As told to Tim Blanks of Style.com, Lagerfeld noted, "I like the idea to show the clothes in the street, girls walking like as if they were walking in the street. And also, there are all kinds of pieces; everybody can use, play with. It's not professional… There are no 70s, no 60s—it's more of a Mod de Viv than mod." W Magazine's Editor-in-Chief Stefano Tonchi said of the presentation, "Karl is such a great social commentator. It's true that fashion is supposed to be the mirror of society, but he really put the mirror on our faces and he reflects the feeling and the mood and the ideas that people have in their mind. [76] (#cite_note-76) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2015 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2015 Runway Show was presented on March 10, 2015 at the Grand Palais in Paris. [77] (#cite_note-77) Titled the "French Collection," [78] (#cite_note-78) this season the Grand Palais was transformed into Brasserie Gabrielle, a Left Bank cafe, [79] (#cite_note-79) with polished wood, leather, brass, and an oval bar. [80] (#cite_note-auto15-80) Ensembles focused on layering separates: [81] (#cite_note-81) blouses, cardigans, sweater gowns, [80] (#cite_note-auto15-80) oversized anoraks, leather joggers, lace leggings, [82] (#cite_note-82) pencil skirts, tweed suits, cap-toe slingbacks, [83] (#cite_note-83) origami quilted puff coats, and sheer cocktail dresses. [84] (#cite_note-84) The production included waiters and baristas serving coffee and croissants. [85] (#cite_note-85) During the presentation, models entered through a revolving door before sitting in the banquettes. [86] (#cite_note-86) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) opened and closed the runway show, which featured 98 looks. Mica Arganaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arga%C3%B1araz) , Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) , Joan Smalls (/wiki/Joan_Smalls) , Grace Mahary (/wiki/Grace_Mahary) , Sasha Luss (/wiki/Sasha_Luss) , Taylor Hill (/wiki/Taylor_Hill_(model)) , and Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) were amongst the models who also walked the show. [87] (#cite_note-87) Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , Florence Welch (/wiki/Florence_Welch) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) , Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) , Alma Jodorowsky (/wiki/Alma_Jodorowsky) , and Marie-Ange Casta (/wiki/Marie-Ange_Casalta) attended the show. [88] (#cite_note-88) Style.com described the runway show as Lagerfeld's love letter to Paris, "This was for the attitude, for the femininity, for the spirit of Chanel, for a kind of renewed sexiness from another age, to make it more modern," the designer explained to Tim Blanks post-show. [89] (#cite_note-auto16-89) "The message of Chanel that evolved in something bigger, more futuristic, which I thought was interesting," noted Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) . "What I'm always amazed in Karl's work for Chanel is the relationship he has with France. Last time we had the demonstration in the streets that belonged to us. Now we have the French brasserie, and it moves me in a way. It's like my cultural roots that come out." [89] (#cite_note-auto16-89) "The whole brasserie side was lovely because it is like being at my corner cafe and the feeling of being very French... And there were loads of tweeds and silhouettes that reminded me of France, reminded me of the 1960s in France and this whole culture of cafes at the time." said Lou Doillon (/wiki/Lou_Doillon) . [89] (#cite_note-auto16-89) "I'm a stranger so I have a distorted view on French life, because you know I'm a little tired also of people saying 'Oh France isn't good anymore.' Even the French, the famous French-bashing—so I wanted to show that are few things are not that bad and typically French, and they should enjoy what they have," Lagerfeld added. "The minute I finish one, I have to think about the next one, eh? That's why so many designers think the speed is too big and I don't think so. It's a nonstop dialogue, and if you are not ready to have a nonstop dialogue with fashion, you should do another job." [89] (#cite_note-auto16-89) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2016 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2016 Runway Show was presented on October 6, 2015 at the Grand Palais in Paris. This season the venue was transformed into an airport terminal [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) with double C luggage carts and airline staff. [91] (#cite_note-auto18-91) The Chanel Airlines Terminal included a departures board highlighting destinations for upcoming events in Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) , Salzburg (/wiki/Salzburg) , New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , London (/wiki/London) , and Rome (/wiki/Rome) . [92] (#cite_note-92) Ensembles included tweed suits, pencil skirt, dropped shoulder jackets, and knitted skirts. [93] (#cite_note-93) Accessories this season varied from quilted carry-on bags and velcro sandals to driving gloves and [91] (#cite_note-auto18-91) aviator sunglasses. This season's palette featured white, black, silver, pink, and powder blue. Fabrications ranged from wool, leather, denim, lurex, and PVC to sequins, crystals, silk, chiffon, and tulle. [94] (#cite_note-94) Edie Campbell (/wiki/Edie_Campbell) opened the presentation, which featured 95 looks. Lexi Boling (/wiki/Lexi_Boling) , Lauren de Graaf, Josephine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) , Greta Varlese (/wiki/Greta_Varlese) , Lineisy Montero (/wiki/Lineisy_Montero) , Chiara Scelsi (/wiki/Chiara_Scelsi) , and Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Mica Arganaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arga%C3%B1araz) closed the runway show. [95] (#cite_note-95) Janelle Monáe (/wiki/Janelle_Mon%C3%A1e) , Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) , Jean-Paul Goude (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Goude) , Lily-Rose Depp (/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp) , Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) , Giovanna Battaglia (/wiki/Giovanna_Battaglia_Engelbert) , Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) , Maria Sharapova (/wiki/Maria_Sharapova) , Lewis Hamilton (/wiki/Lewis_Hamilton) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Marine Vacth (/wiki/Marine_Vacth) , Virginie Ledoyen (/wiki/Virginie_Ledoyen) , Clotilde Hesme (/wiki/Clotilde_Hesme) , and Céline Sallette (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Sallette) attended the show. [96] (#cite_note-96) Lagerfeld told Style.com post-show, "Getting to the skies, you have to go through an airport... So I wanted to make the perfect airport, where boarding is a pleasure and not a nightmare, like it is now." [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) "This airport was like we needed more Utopian than real things; we wanted to avoid security alerts, missed luggage, all that kind of stuff. So, it was more like a happy airport," observed Michel Gaubert (/w/index.php?title=Michel_Gaubert&action=edit&redlink=1) . [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) "We're flying high class and it was beautiful," said Audrey Marnay (/wiki/Audrey_Marnay) . "All the prints at the beginning and the look with the long skirts, it's always a new thing." [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) "I thought the collection was very fresh and colorful. There were a lot of twists at first. And I love the way the fabrics, they were like graphism on the tweed of red and blue and white. It's always a surprise with Karl, I never know where I'm going to end up." [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) "I like the shape of airplanes. I love airplanes. It's like a kind of butterfly," Lagerfeld added. "They also wear very formal things with nothing. The Chanel suits, there's no buttons, no braids, no pockets and it just looks Chanel. I think that's fun." [90] (#cite_note-auto17-90) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2016 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2016 Runway Show was presented on March 8, 2016 at the Grand Palais in Paris. While the presentation didn't include some of the more elaborate sets that the house has been known for in recent seasons, [97] (#cite_note-97) the runway show did give every one of its 3,000 guests a gilded front seat along a 600-meter runway. Vogue UK (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) described the collection as Chanel for the new generation. Influenced by elevated streetwear, the silhouettes were less ladylike with a utilitarian luxe, with more deconstructed and frayed pieces. [98] (#cite_note-98) The collection featured a leaner silhouette with suits, shrunken jackets, metallic skirts, and trench coats. Accessories were oversized with jeweled belt buckles, long knitted gloves, and layered pearl necklaces. [99] (#cite_note-99) This season's palette included white, grey, black, silver, fuchsia, and red. Materials ranged from tweed, jacquard, matelasse, and leather to lamé, chiffon, organza, and lace. [100] (#cite_note-100) Mica Arganaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arga%C3%B1araz) opened the presentation, which featured 93 looks. Edie Campbell (/wiki/Edie_Campbell) , Sarah Brannon, Selena Forest (/wiki/Selena_Forrest) , Natalia Siodmiak, Felice Veen, Julia Bergshoeff (/wiki/Julia_Bergshoeff) , Frederikke Sofie (/wiki/Frederikke_Sofie) , Bhumika Arora (/wiki/Bhumika_Arora) , Alanna Arrington, Vittoria Ceretti (/wiki/Vittoria_Ceretti) , Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) , Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) , and Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Ondria Hardin closed the runway show. [101] (#cite_note-101) Isabelle Huppert (/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert) , Jada Pinkett Smith (/wiki/Jada_Pinkett_Smith) , Willow Smith (/wiki/Willow_Smith) , Helen Lasichanh, Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) , Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) , [102] (#cite_note-102) Anna Wintour (/wiki/Anna_Wintour) , Wendy Murdoch (/wiki/Wendi_Deng_Murdoch) , Audrey Marnay (/wiki/Audrey_Marnay) , Thylane Blondeau (/wiki/Thylane_Blondeau) , Marie-Ange Casta (/wiki/Marie-Ange_Casalta) , Lola Bessis (/wiki/Lola_Bessis) , Yi Zhou (/wiki/Yi_Zhou) , Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) , and Anna Brewster (/wiki/Anna_Brewster) attended the show. [103] (#cite_note-103) Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) told Vogue Magazine (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , "This show was like synchronized swimming. We got to experience his thoughts manifested, to have all of the models walk a half a mile was a huge proposition—but he pulled it off." [104] (#cite_note-auto19-104) Lagerfeld explained, "I think the dream of a lot of people is to be on the front row for once in their life. Because the people in row number five, they don't see the detail with half a mile of runway, but the music was made that they could walk quickly and everything; it's for a fast life, you can move, you can travel..." [104] (#cite_note-auto19-104) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2017 Runway Show [ edit ] Monikered "Intimate Technology" as a celebration to all things digital, [105] (#cite_note-auto20-105) the Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2017 Runway Show was presented on October 4, 2016 at the Grand Palais in Paris which had been converted to a giant mainframe computer [106] (#cite_note-106) clicking, whirring, and flashing away [107] (#cite_note-auto21-107) with brightly wired [107] (#cite_note-auto21-107) circuit boards. This Chanel Data Center was the technological backdrop to robot attendants (CocoBots) [105] (#cite_note-auto20-105) in Chanel suits who welcomed show guests. Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) described the science-fiction influenced setting as having a server room palette of white, blue, purple, green, pink, and black. Fabrications included cotton, lace, silk, tweed, leather, and lurex. Silhouettes were oversized and layered; [108] (#cite_note-auto22-108) puff jackets were paired chiffon dresses in techno [107] (#cite_note-auto21-107) and laser optic prints, while tweed jackets were worn over lace dresses. Lagerfeld created a dichotomy between the modern, metallic tweeds, which he juxtaposed against delicate underpinnings: slips, camisoles, lace shorts, and bed jackets. [109] (#cite_note-109) Accessories were metallic and embellished from ballet pumps, crystal belts, and [108] (#cite_note-auto22-108) bold necklaces [107] (#cite_note-auto21-107) to fluorescent bags with Chanel spelled out in LED lights; circuit-board clutches, and baseball caps, worn sideways. Amanda Sanchez opened the presentation, which featured 86 looks to Donna Summer (/wiki/Donna_Summer) 's "I Feel Love." [110] (#cite_note-auto23-110) Teddy Quinlivan (/wiki/Teddy_Quinlivan) , Greta Varlese (/wiki/Greta_Varlese) , Josephine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) , Jasmine Tookes (/wiki/Jasmine_Tookes) , Romee Strijd (/wiki/Romee_Strijd) , Jing Wen (/wiki/Jing_Wen) , Vittoria Ceretti (/wiki/Vittoria_Ceretti) , Taylor Hill (/wiki/Taylor_Hill_(model)) , Lia Pavlova (/wiki/Lia_Pavlova) , Sarah Brannon, and Odette Pavlova (/wiki/Odette_Pavlova) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Cris Herrmann closed the runway show. [111] (#cite_note-111) Anna Dello Russo (/wiki/Anna_Dello_Russo) , Anna Mouglalis (/wiki/Anna_Mouglalis) , Carla Bruni (/wiki/Carla_Bruni) Sarkozy, Francis Bean Cobain (/wiki/Frances_Bean_Cobain) , Courtney Love (/wiki/Courtney_Love) , Harley Viera-Newton (/wiki/Harley_Viera-Newton) , Inès de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Laure Heriard Dubreuil (/wiki/Laure_H%C3%A9riard_Dubreuil) , Lily-Rose Depp (/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp) , Marie-Ange Casta (/wiki/Marie-Ange_Casalta) , Usher (/wiki/Usher_(musician)) [112] (#cite_note-112) Cecile Cassel (/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Cassel) , Diane Rouxel (/wiki/Diane_Rouxel) , Gaspard Ulliel (/wiki/Gaspard_Ulliel) , and Thylane Blondeau (/wiki/Thylane_Blondeau) attended the show. [113] (#cite_note-113) Lily-Rose Depp (/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp) said of the collection, "I loved the suits with the oversized coasts and skirts, and also the back-to-front jackets. You could see the little chain down the back with the Chanel logo." [114] (#cite_note-auto24-114) "I found the mixture of tradition and technology fascinating," noted Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) post-show. "The classic chic, the jackets, but reworked in innovative fabrics. I loved the little wires, the computer cables that echoed the thread in the clothes." [114] (#cite_note-auto24-114) "My favorite thing was the colorful tweed suits," explained Nana Komatsu. "I also liked how the models wore their caps to the side. It's very street style." [114] (#cite_note-auto24-114) "A house like Chanel has these iconic pieces, which are renewed by Karl in a totally different way each time," observed Gaspard Ulliel (/wiki/Gaspard_Ulliel) . "I think it's a very young collection." [114] (#cite_note-auto24-114) "The set was a perfect backdrop for the collection with its play on light and color," stated Anna Mouglalis (/wiki/Anna_Mouglalis) . "There was a mixture of delicacy, modernity, and tradition that was really beautiful." [114] (#cite_note-auto24-114) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2017 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2017 Runway Show was presented on March 7, 2017 at the Grand Palais in Paris. Vogue heralded Creative Director, Karl Lagerfeld as fashion's astronomer-in-chief with his starship themed-presentation, [115] (#cite_note-auto25-115) when at the finale a giant Chanel-branded rocket, [116] (#cite_note-116) measuring 35 meters or 115 feet high appeared to jettison off the catwalk to the soundtrack of Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) 's "Rocket Man." [117] (#cite_note-117) The inspiration came from local news, specifically an obsession with Thomas Pesquet (/wiki/Thomas_Pesquet) , [118] (#cite_note-118) a French aerospace engineer, pilot and European Space Astronaut, [119] (#cite_note-119) who was part of ESA's Expedition 50 and 51 from November 2016 to June 2017. [120] (#cite_note-120) The Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) described the collection as a launchpad for interstellar luxe. [121] (#cite_note-auto26-121) This style space odyssey's, [122] (#cite_note-122) silhouettes featured boxy tweed jackets, Bermuda shorts, silver leather suits, [115] (#cite_note-auto25-115) foil quilted capes, glitter boots, and diamanté collars. The ensembles were accessorized with bejeweled ear warmers, [121] (#cite_note-auto26-121) sparkly arm warmers, silver backpacks, and minaudière in the shape of a rocket. This season's palette was black, silver, white, grey, and blue. Fabrications included tweed, leather, shearling, wool, silk, lurex, chiffon, and jersey, embellished with crystals and sequins. [123] (#cite_note-123) Cara Taylor opened the presentation, which featured 96 looks. [110] (#cite_note-auto23-110) Birgit Kos, Camille Hurel (/wiki/Camille_Hurel) , Catherine McNeil (/wiki/Catherine_McNeil) , Frederikke Sofie (/wiki/Frederikke_Sofie) , Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) , Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) , Josephine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) , and Arizona Muse (/wiki/Arizona_Muse) were amongst the models who also walked the show. Ondria Hardin closed the runway show. [124] (#cite_note-124) Lily-Rose Depp (/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp) , Lottie Moss, Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) , Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) , Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) , [125] (#cite_note-125) Lily Allen (/wiki/Lily_Allen) , Sofia Coppola (/wiki/Sofia_Coppola) , and Amandla Stenberg (/wiki/Amandla_Stenberg) attended the runway show. [126] (#cite_note-126) [127] (#cite_note-127) Business of Fashion Editor-at-Large Tim Blanks noted that after shows in Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) and Cuba (/wiki/Cuba) , that Karl Lagerfeld had taken his collection to space, the final frontier. [128] (#cite_note-auto27-128) "I just was thinking to myself how much it's elevated over the years," noted Rita Ora (/wiki/Rita_Ora) . "And just how now we can just have fun with glitter and sparkles. And like the models are all young and just it's kind of like really refreshing to see someone like Karl still really embrace kind of the new generation." [128] (#cite_note-auto27-128) "He likes new things!" observed Ines de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , "He's never turned to the past and he never wants to talk about the past and he hates nostalgia. And it's funny, how he's a visionary." [128] (#cite_note-auto27-128) [129] (#cite_note-129) [130] (#cite_note-130) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2018 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2018 Runway Show was presented on October 3, 2017 at the Grand Palais in Paris. Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Runway described the outdoors scenario production as an indoor Gorges du Verdon (/wiki/Verdon_Gorge) . The famous southeastern natural wonder was a metaphor for the themes of optimism, handcraft, and forward-looking fashion. [131] (#cite_note-auto28-131) Lagerfeld showed plastic coats and capes; fringed tweed; and lurex textures with crystal-jeweled accents. The collection also featured plastic boots, hats and other protective gear layered over tweed suits and dresses, with space-age accents. With comparisons to Andre Courreges and Paco Rabanne, the collections had 1960s futurism references with 1980s undertones. Donna Summer (/wiki/Donna_Summer) 's " I Feel Love (/wiki/I_Feel_Love) ," provided the soundtrack. Materials used included tweed, macramé, chiffon, PVC, denim, georgette, silk, and leather. The palette ranged from ivory, straw, navy, and black to turquoise, emerald, and pink. [132] (#cite_note-132) [133] (#cite_note-auto29-133) [131] (#cite_note-auto28-131) [134] (#cite_note-134) Each season, Lagerfeld transforms the Grand Palais into a new world; previous productions have been morphed into an art gallery, a supermarket, and a rocket launching pad, but this season it was an outdoor oasis [135] (#cite_note-135) [136] (#cite_note-auto30-136) landscaped with towering cliffs, waterfalls, rocks, manmade lagoons, and sculpted panels, measuring 50' tall by 275' wide. [137] (#cite_note-137) [136] (#cite_note-auto30-136) With 89 looks, Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) opened the show, while Grace Elizabeth (/wiki/Grace_Elizabeth) closed it. For beauty, Sam McKnight styled the models in ponytails and Tom Pecheux (/wiki/Tom_Pecheux) referenced the 1980s with blue eyeshadow and red lipstick. [133] (#cite_note-auto29-133) Alice Dellal (/wiki/Alice_Dellal) , Anna Mouglalis (/wiki/Anna_Mouglalis) , Ines de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , Miroslava Duma (/wiki/Miroslava_Duma) , Monica Bellucci (/wiki/Monica_Bellucci) , Patrick Demarchlier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) , and Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) attended the show. [138] (#cite_note-138) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2018 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2018 Runway Show was presented on March 6, 2018 at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) in Paris. Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Runway described the backdrop as a forest, with a runway blanketed by leaves, branches, and moss. The mood of the show was romantic and nostalgic, evoking 1980s movie star glamour. [139] (#cite_note-139) [140] (#cite_note-auto31-140) [141] (#cite_note-auto32-141) [142] (#cite_note-142) Women's Wear Daily noted that Lagerfeld was channelling his inner Thoreau with 21 oak and poplar trees lining the "Chanel woods" production. [140] (#cite_note-auto31-140) With 81 looks, Grace Elizabeth (/wiki/Grace_Elizabeth) opened the show, while Luna Bijl closed it. [143] (#cite_note-143) The collection featured outer pieces ranging from tweed jackets to chubby fur coats and quilted puffers and closed with a finale of twelve black lace dresses. [141] (#cite_note-auto32-141) [144] (#cite_note-144) The hemlines varied from mini to knee and ankle-length. The pallette included black, grey, rust, dark green, cobalt, burgundy, gold, and ivory. The designs incorporated tweed, lame, mohair, jacquard, velvet, leather, fur, satin, and lace. For the most part, the silhouettes were clean, with elongated jackets, a-line coats, and voluminous skirts. [145] (#cite_note-145) Carla Bruni (/wiki/Carla_Bruni) , [146] (#cite_note-146) Carolina de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , [147] (#cite_note-147) Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , [148] (#cite_note-148) Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) , [149] (#cite_note-149) Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , [150] (#cite_note-150) Lara Stone (/wiki/Lara_Stone) , [151] (#cite_note-151) Lily Allen (/wiki/Lily_Allen) , [152] (#cite_note-152) Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) , [153] (#cite_note-153) Soo Joo Park [154] (#cite_note-154) Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) , [155] (#cite_note-155) and Yasmine Le Bon (/wiki/Yasmin_Le_Bon) attended the show. [156] (#cite_note-156) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2019 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2019 Runway Show was presented on October 2, 2018 at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) in Paris. Monikered by Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Runway as the “C-side,” the Spring 2019 Ready-to-Wear collection was set against a backdrop of a tropical beachside runway, [157] (#cite_note-157) complete with a tiki hut and mini boardwalk. [158] (#cite_note-Fisher-158) Transitioning from previous seasons of forests and waterfalls, this season's Chanel beachscape featured sand, turf, waves, and lifeguards. [159] (#cite_note-159) For those concerned about the lavishness or potential waste of the production, the program notes assured guests that the water used to create the 25 centimeter depth and 131 x 32 meter surface would be “reprocessed via the common sewage system operated by Eau de Paris,” while every grain of sand would be “put back into the usual circuit of the construction industry, for which it was initially intended.” [160] (#cite_note-160) The production design was said to be reminiscent of Karl Lagerfeld's childhood holidays on the island of Sylt. [161] (#cite_note-161) As reported by Vogue Italia, “It is the beach of one of my favourite places—nothing is going on there— no boats because the sea is too rough,” Lagerfeld explained. “I went as a child – and back once for a campaign with Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) and Shalom Harlow (/wiki/Shalom_Harlow) ,” he continued. “It's the least polluted place on earth in the middle of the North Sea—in my childhood you had to take little fishing boats to go over. But the same landscape changes every day—the dunes move with the wind.” [162] (#cite_note-162) As told to WWD, Poppy Delevingne said post-show. “It was like going to the most glamorous beach party of all time.” She continued, “I loved all the pastel colors, all the tweeds, all the raffia hats and sandals. I loved all the models barefoot, I loved all the sunshine-y looks,” she said. “I feel like I’ve just taken a holiday, so ‘thank you, Karl.’” [163] (#cite_note-163) The collection of 82 pastel looks in shades of mint, yellow, white, and pink, [164] (#cite_note-164) referenced late 1980s and early 1990s with oversized blazers and bike shorts. Accessories included beach ball minaudières, terry cloth handbags, [165] (#cite_note-165) and oversized straw hats. The models carried two crossbody bags simultaneously. [158] (#cite_note-Fisher-158) Embroideries, playful prints, and logo-emblazoned tweed vests, caftans, and tunics were also featured. [166] (#cite_note-166) Luna Bijl (/wiki/Luna_Bijl) , Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) , Kaia Geber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) , Carolina Thaler, Hiandra Martinez, Adwoa Aboah (/wiki/Adwoa_Aboah) , Hoyeon Jung (/wiki/HoYeon_Jung) , and Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) were amongst the models who walked in the show. [167] (#cite_note-167) Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) , [168] (#cite_note-168) Christa Theret (/wiki/Christa_Th%C3%A9ret) , [169] (#cite_note-169) Emmanuelle Alt (/wiki/Emmanuelle_Alt) , [170] (#cite_note-170) Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) , [171] (#cite_note-171) Poppy Delevingne (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) , [172] (#cite_note-172) and Vaness Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) [173] (#cite_note-173) attended the runway presentation. Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2019 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Fall 2019 Runway Show was presented on March 5, 2019 at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) in Paris set against a snowy, alpine backdrop, monikered a miniature Gstaad (/wiki/Gstaad) by Cathy Horyn (/wiki/Cathy_Horyn) . The show was especially somber, following the passing of longtime Creative Director & Visionary, Karl Lagerfeld on February 19, 2019. The Wertheimer family appointed Lagerfeld in 1983 to spearhead the collection; for nearly four decades, he guided the house through pop cultural, political, and technological shifts. The runway collection opened with a moment of silence and a voiceover from one of Lagerfeld's podcasts. [174] (#cite_note-174) [175] (#cite_note-175) [176] (#cite_note-176) [177] (#cite_note-177) This season the production team transformed the Grand Palais into Chalet Gardenia, a vast, snowy mountain retreat with chiming bells. [178] (#cite_note-178) The palette included black, white, tan, fuchsia, teal, and dark orange . Fabrications and prints ranged from houndstooths and tweeds to striped and fair isle. Silhouttes varied from floaty chiffon dresses, leather pants, jumpsuits, heavy capes, highwaisted pants, and puffer jackets embellished with fur, feathers, and snowflakes. [179] (#cite_note-McCall-179) David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) 's “ Heroes (/wiki/%22Heroes%22_(David_Bowie_song)) ,” provided the runway soundtrack. [179] (#cite_note-McCall-179) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) opened the runway presentation of 72 looks, [180] (#cite_note-180) while Luna Bijl (/wiki/Luna_Bijl) closed it. [181] (#cite_note-181) Camille Hurel (/wiki/Camille_Hurel) , [182] (#cite_note-182) Mica Arganaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arga%C3%B1araz) , [183] (#cite_note-183) Carolina Thaler, [184] (#cite_note-184) Anok Yai (/wiki/Anok_Yai) , [185] (#cite_note-185) Jing Wen (/wiki/Jing_Wen) , [186] (#cite_note-186) Selena Forrest (/wiki/Selena_Forrest) , [187] (#cite_note-187) Soo Joo Park (/wiki/Soo_Joo_Park) , [188] (#cite_note-188) Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) , [189] (#cite_note-189) Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) , [190] (#cite_note-190) and Penelope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) [191] (#cite_note-191) also walked in the show. Ashley Benson (/wiki/Ashley_Benson) , [192] (#cite_note-192) Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , [193] (#cite_note-193) Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) , [194] (#cite_note-194) Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) , [195] (#cite_note-195) Monica Bellucci (/wiki/Monica_Bellucci) , [196] (#cite_note-196) Janelle Monae (/wiki/Janelle_Mon%C3%A1e) , [197] (#cite_note-197) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , [198] (#cite_note-198) Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , [199] (#cite_note-199) and Kristen Stewart (/wiki/Kristen_Stewart) [200] (#cite_note-200) were amongst the 2,600 guests who attended and joined the standing ovation. [201] (#cite_note-201) The press kit included an illustration by Lagerfeld of himself with Gabrielle Chanel and a caption that read, “The beat goes on...” [202] (#cite_note-202) Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2020 Runway Show [ edit ] The Chanel Ready-to-Wear Spring 2020 Runway Show was presented on October 1, 2019 at the Grand Palais (/wiki/Grand_Palais) in Paris. It was Virginie Viard (/wiki/Virginie_Viard) 's first ready-to-wear collection since the passing of Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) on February 19, 2019. This season was set against a Parisian backdrop of Rue Cambon reimagined rooftops, drainpipes and airvents included. [203] (#cite_note-203) [204] (#cite_note-204) The designer debuted tweed playsuits, coatdresses, bell-shaped skirts, tiny shorts, and sequined jackets. Jackets with flounced collars, ruffled tops with balloon sleeves, and voluminous skirts with petticoats were the more prominent design details. Day looks were accessorized with two-tone, embellished sandals, little hats, and large silk and tweed handbags. Jewelry pieces included pearl brooches, cuff bracelets, and crystal necklaces. For evening, tiered dresses and skirts were constructed of chiffon, organza, and feathers. Stripes, checks, and color blocking were featured in a palette of red, orange, pink, blue, black, and white. [205] (#cite_note-205) [206] (#cite_note-206) [207] (#cite_note-207) Many critics noted Viard's desire to stay true to the brand's iconic, signature tweeds and Lagerfeld's grand production values, while injecting her sense of wit and youthfulness, reinterpreting the tweed suit as a romper for spring and pairing metallic shorts with camellia-laden jackets. [208] (#cite_note-208) As told to the Italian Bureau of Fashion Network by Bruno Pavlovsky, President of Fashion at Chanel, “It's a collection that is the image of Virginie, very young, full of energy. It especially highlights her exceptional knowledge of the brand; 30 years with Karl; a perfect understanding of Mademoiselle Chanel's contribution and in addition her own inspiration.” [209] (#cite_note-209) According to Vogue , Viard drew inspiration from the French New Wave Cinema (/wiki/French_New_Wave) of the 1950s and 1960s or the atmosphere of the Nouvelle Vague (/wiki/Nouvelle_Vague) . She cited Brand Ambassador Kristen Stewart's biopic Seberg (/wiki/Seberg) , along with Jean-Luc Godard (/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard) 's Breathless (/wiki/Breathless_(1960_film)) as reference points. Notably, French YouTuber and comediene Marie Benoliel caused a stir, by crashing the presentation, when she jumped up onto the runway from the audience. [210] (#cite_note-210) [211] (#cite_note-211) She was promptly escorted off the runway by Gigi Hadid. [212] (#cite_note-212) Virginie Ledoyen (/wiki/Virginie_Ledoyen) , [213] (#cite_note-213) Caroline de Maigret (/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret) , [214] (#cite_note-214) Aiysha Hart (/wiki/Aiysha_Hart) , [215] (#cite_note-215) Sebastien Tellier (/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Tellier) , [216] (#cite_note-216) Ines de la Fressange (/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_La_Fressange) , [217] (#cite_note-217) Isabelle Adjani (/wiki/Isabelle_Adjani) , [218] (#cite_note-218) Sting (/wiki/Sting_(musician)) , Trudie Styler (/wiki/Trudie_Styler) , [219] (#cite_note-219) Soo Joo Park (/wiki/Soo_Joo_Park) , [220] (#cite_note-220) and Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) [221] (#cite_note-221) attended the runway presentation. Fashionista noted the brand's inclusivity with model casting. [222] (#cite_note-222) Maike Inga opened the runway presentation of 83 looks, [223] (#cite_note-223) while Rianne van Rompaey (/wiki/Rianne_van_Rompaey) closed it. [224] (#cite_note-224) Sacha Quenby, [225] (#cite_note-225) Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) , [226] (#cite_note-226) Jing Wen (/wiki/Jing_Wen) , [227] (#cite_note-227) Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) , [228] (#cite_note-228) Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) , [229] (#cite_note-229) Lexi Boling (/wiki/Lexi_Boling) , [230] (#cite_note-230) Felice Noordhoff (/wiki/Felice_Noordhoff) , [231] (#cite_note-231) Sara Grace Wallerstedt (/wiki/Sara_Grace_Wallerstedt) , [232] (#cite_note-232) and Vittoria Ceretti (/wiki/Vittoria_Ceretti) also walked the show. [233] (#cite_note-233) Hubert Barrere, Artistic Director of Lesage, also observed. “You know that with Virginie, everything is simple and obvious. I think that's maybe the message of this collection. Simpler, less fuss-one fabric that we can texturize, make lighter, more flexible, maybe even a bit more shiny, like the zinc roofs of Paris and the like lights of Paris and that simply makes everyone dream.” [234] (#cite_note-234) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) FashionModelDirectory.com, The FMD -. "Gabrielle Chanel – Fashion Designer | Designers | The FMD" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/gabrielle-chanel/) . The FMD – FashionModelDirectory.com . Retrieved 2018-09-13 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Fashion shows schedule – Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode" (https://fhcm.paris/en/paris-fashion-week-en/fashionshows-schedule/) . Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode . Retrieved 2018-09-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel (1883–1971) and the House of Chanel" (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/chnl/hd_chnl.htm) . metmuseum.org . 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Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-223) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-224) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-225) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-226) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-227) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-228) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-229) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-230) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-231) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-232) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-233) "Chanel Spring 2020 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2020-ready-to-wear/chanel/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-234) IT, FashionNetwork com. "Chanel - Women's Spring/Summer 2020 collection in Paris (with interviews)" (https://it.fashionnetwork.com/videos/video/21863,Chanel-Women-s-Spring-Summer-2020-collection-in-Paris-.html) . FashionNetwork.com (in Italian) . Retrieved 2020-01-03 . 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Schematic of some common components of a dress shoe including the insole, stiffener, shank, outsole, toe puff, and welt. In a boot (/wiki/Boot) or shoe (/wiki/Shoe) , the shank is a long, thin piece of material between the insole (/wiki/Insole#insole) and outsole (/wiki/Shoe#outsole) intended to support the foot and provide structure. Background [ edit ] Materials and design for shanks vary widely with the purpose of the footwear. The shank of a pointe shoe (/wiki/Pointe_shoe#Shank) used for ballet is made of flexible materials like leather, plastic, or cardstock (/wiki/Cardstock) , and may have customized length, thickness, and stiffness. Heavy boots such as those used for construction or hiking have far more rigid and durable shanks, often using steel (/wiki/Steel) , though contemporary shanks are more commonly made of less heat-conductive materials such as fiberglass (/wiki/Fiberglass) and Kevlar (/wiki/Kevlar) . These materials' rigid nature adds a protective element, helping shield feet from puncture wounds (/wiki/Puncture_wound#Open) and stone bruises (/wiki/Stone_bruise) . [1] (#cite_note-Tyndale-1) The shank is crucial to the functionality of mountaineering boots (/wiki/Mountaineering_boots) , as they diminish the load incurred by the feet (/wiki/Foot) and calves (/wiki/Calf_(anatomy)) over the course of an ascent. Gallery [ edit ] TPU (/wiki/Thermoplastic_polyurethane) shank in work boots Fiberglass (/wiki/Fiberglass) shank in steel toe boots (/wiki/Steel-toe_boot) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Tyndale_1-0) "PROTECTIVE FOOTWEAR FAQS" (http://tyndaleusa.com/fr-clothing-safety-library/frequently-asked-questions/protective-footwear-faqs/) . Tyndale . Retrieved 16 December 2019 . External links [ edit ] What is a steel toe shank in a work boots? (https://bestformyfeet.com/what-is-a-steel-shank-in-boots/) Steel shank versus nylon shank (Differences and purposes) (https://bestformyfeet.com/nylon-shank-vs-steel-shank/) This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shank_(footwear)&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐f4tpf Cached time: 20240712171331 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.152 seconds Real time usage: 0.190 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 167/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4518/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 80/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10498/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.106/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2940331/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 161.672 1 -total 60.62% 98.001 1 Template:Reflist 50.56% 81.736 1 Template:Cite_web 39.34% 63.596 1 Template:Clothing-stub 38.45% 62.169 1 Template:Asbox 1.00% 1.623 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:17047048-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712171331 and revision id 1165861839. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shank_(footwear)&oldid=1165861839 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shank_(footwear)&oldid=1165861839) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Footwear components (/wiki/Category:Footwear_components) Hidden category: All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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Hair styling treatment A shampoo and set was a hair styling (/wiki/Hair_styling) treatment that first became popular in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) from the 1930s. [1] (#cite_note-BBC36854809-1) The treatment involved washing the hair using shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) , applying setting lotion (/w/index.php?title=Setting_lotion&action=edit&redlink=1) to the hair and placing the hair on hair rollers (/wiki/Hair_rollers) , and then drying it to set the shape of the hair into the chosen style. The rollers would be held in place and protected by a hairnet (/wiki/Hairnet) , and a headscarf (/wiki/Headscarf) worn over it to protect the hairnet-and-rollers ensemble from the elements. As of 2016 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shampoo_and_set&action=edit) the shampoo and set has lost its former popularity in the UK, except with members of the older generation who have stuck with older hairstyles that require it. [1] (#cite_note-BBC36854809-1) See also [ edit ] Permanent wave (/wiki/Permanent_wave) List of hairstyles (/wiki/List_of_hairstyles) References [ edit ] ^ a b "The end of the shampoo and set" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-36854809) . BBC News . 2016-07-24 . Retrieved 2016-07-24 . v t e Human hair (/wiki/Hair) Classification by type Lanugo (/wiki/Lanugo) Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Terminal (/wiki/Terminal_hair) Vellus (/wiki/Vellus_hair) by location Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Ear (/wiki/Ear_hair) Nose (/wiki/Nasal_hair) Eyebrow (/wiki/Eyebrow) unibrow (/wiki/Unibrow) Eyelash (/wiki/Eyelash) Underarm (/wiki/Underarm_hair) Chest (/wiki/Chest_hair) Abdominal (/wiki/Abdominal_hair) Pubic (/wiki/Pubic_hair) Leg (/wiki/Leg_hair) Head hairstyles (/wiki/Hairstyle) ( list (/wiki/List_of_hairstyles) ) Afro (/wiki/Afro) Afro puffs (/wiki/Afro_puffs) Asymmetric cut (/wiki/Asymmetric_cut) Bald (/wiki/Hair_loss) Bangs (/wiki/Bangs_(hair)) Beehive (/wiki/Beehive_(hairstyle)) Big hair (/wiki/Big_hair) Blowout (/wiki/Long_hair) Bob cut (/wiki/Bob_cut) Bouffant (/wiki/Bouffant) Bowl cut (/wiki/Bowl_cut) Braid (/wiki/Braid_(hairstyle)) Brush, butch, burr cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Bun (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ( odango (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ) Bunches (/wiki/Bunches) Businessman cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Butterfly haircut (/wiki/Butterfly_haircut) Buzz cut (/wiki/Buzz_cut) Caesar cut (/wiki/Caesar_cut) Chignon (/wiki/Chignon_(hairstyle)) Chonmage (/wiki/Chonmage) Comb over (/wiki/Comb_over) Conk (/wiki/Conk) Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) Crew cut (/wiki/Crew_cut) Crochet braids (/wiki/Crochet_braids) Croydon facelift (/wiki/Croydon_facelift) Curly hair (/wiki/Curly_hair) Curtained hair (/wiki/Curtained_hair) Czupryna (/wiki/Czupryna) Devilock (/wiki/Devilock) Dido flip (/wiki/Dido_flip) Digital perm (/wiki/Digital_perm) Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) Ducktail (/wiki/Ducktail) Edgar cut (/wiki/Edgar_cut) Eton crop (/wiki/Eton_crop) Extensions (/wiki/Artificial_hair_integrations) Fauxhawk (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) Feathered hair (/wiki/Feathered_hair) Finger wave (/wiki/Finger_wave) Flattop (/wiki/Flattop) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French braid (/wiki/French_braid) French twist (/wiki/French_twist_(hairstyle)) Fringe (/wiki/Fringe_(hair)) Frosted tips (/wiki/Frosted_tips) Hair crimping (/wiki/Hair_crimping) Hair twists (/wiki/Hair_twists) High and tight (/wiki/High_and_tight) Hime cut (/wiki/Hime_cut) Historical Christian hairstyles (/wiki/Historical_Christian_hairstyles) Hi-top fade (/wiki/Hi-top_fade) Induction cut (/wiki/Induction_cut) Ivy League, Harvard, Princeton cut (/wiki/Ivy_League_(haircut)) Japanese women (/wiki/Hairstyles_of_Japanese_women) Jewfro (/wiki/Jewfro) Jheri curl (/wiki/Jheri_curl) Kinky hair (/wiki/Kinky_hair) Kiss curl (/wiki/Kiss_curl) Laid edges (/wiki/Laid_edges) Layered hair (/wiki/Layered_hair) Liberty spikes (/wiki/Liberty_spikes) Long hair (/wiki/Long_hair) Lob cut (/wiki/Lob_(haircut)) Lovelock (/wiki/Lovelock_(hair)) Marcelling (/wiki/Marcelling) Mod cut (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Mohawk (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) Mullet (/wiki/Mullet_(haircut)) 1950s (/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1950s) 1980s (/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1980s) Pageboy (/wiki/Pageboy) Part (/wiki/Part_(haircut)) Payot (/wiki/Payot) Pigtail (/wiki/Pigtail) Pixie cut (/wiki/Pixie_cut) Pompadour (/wiki/Pompadour_(hairstyle)) Ponytail (/wiki/Ponytail) Punch perm (/wiki/Punch_perm) Professional cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Queue (/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)) Quiff (/wiki/Quiff) Rattail (/wiki/Rattail_(hairstyle)) Razor cut (/wiki/Razor_cut) Regular haircut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Ringlets (/wiki/Ringlet_(haircut)) Shag (/wiki/Shag_(haircut)) Shape-up (/wiki/Shape-up) Shikha (/wiki/Shikha_(hairstyle)) Shimada (/wiki/Shimada_(hairstyle)) Short back and sides (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Short brush cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Short hair (/wiki/Short_hair) Spiky hair (/wiki/Liberty_spikes) Straight hair (/wiki/Straight_hair) Standard haircut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Step cut (/wiki/Step_cutting) Surfer hair (/wiki/Surfer_hair) Taper cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Temple fade (/wiki/Temple_fade_(hairstyle)) Titus cut (/wiki/Titus_cut) Tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) Updo (/wiki/Updo) Undercut (/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)) Victory rolls (/wiki/Victory_rolls) Waves (/wiki/Waves_(hairstyle)) Widow's peak (/wiki/Widow%27s_peak) Wings (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Facial hair (/wiki/Facial_hair) ( list (/wiki/List_of_facial_hairstyles) ) Beard (/wiki/Beard) Chinstrap (/wiki/Chinstrap_beard) Goatee (/wiki/Goatee) Ned Kelly (/wiki/Ned_Kelly_beard) Shenandoah (/wiki/Shenandoah_(beard)) Soul patch (/wiki/Soul_patch) Van Dyke (/wiki/Van_Dyke_beard) Moustache (/wiki/Moustache) Fu Manchu (/wiki/Fu_Manchu_moustache) handlebar (/wiki/Handlebar_moustache) horseshoe (/wiki/Horseshoe_moustache) pencil (/wiki/Pencil_moustache) toothbrush (/wiki/Toothbrush_moustache) walrus (/wiki/Walrus_moustache) Designer stubble (/wiki/Designer_stubble) Sideburns (/wiki/Sideburns) Hair subtraction cosmetic Removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) waxing (/wiki/Waxing) threading (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) plucking (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) chemical (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) electric (/wiki/Electrology) laser (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) IPL (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) Shaving (/wiki/Shaving) head (/wiki/Head_shaving) leg (/wiki/Leg_shaving) cream (/wiki/Shaving_cream) brush (/wiki/Shaving_brush) soap (/wiki/Shaving_soap) Razor (/wiki/Razor) electric (/wiki/Electric_shaver) safety (/wiki/Safety_razor) straight (/wiki/Straight_razor) disorders Alopecia (/wiki/Hair_loss) areata (/wiki/Alopecia_areata) totalis (/wiki/Alopecia_totalis) universalis (/wiki/Alopecia_universalis) Frictional alopecia (/wiki/Frictional_alopecia) Pattern hair loss (/wiki/Pattern_hair_loss) Hypertrichosis (/wiki/Hypertrichosis) Management (/wiki/Management_of_hair_loss) Trichophilia (/wiki/Trichophilia) Trichotillomania (/wiki/Trichotillomania) Pogonophobia (/wiki/Pogonophobia) Haircare products Brush (/wiki/Hairbrush) Clay (/wiki/Hair_clay) Clipper (/wiki/Hair_clipper) Comb (/wiki/Comb) Conditioner (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) Dryer (/wiki/Hair_dryer) Gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) Hairstyling products (/wiki/Hairstyling_product) Hot comb (/wiki/Hot_comb) Iron (/wiki/Hair_iron) Mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) Pomade (/wiki/Pomade) Relaxer (/wiki/Relaxer) Rollers (/wiki/Hair_roller) Shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) Spray (/wiki/Hair_spray) Volumizer (/wiki/Hair_volumizer) Wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Haircare techniques Backcombing (/wiki/Backcombing) Hair coloring (/wiki/Hair_coloring) Crimping (/wiki/Hair_crimping) Curly Girl Method (/wiki/Curly_Girl_Method) Hair cutting (/wiki/Hair_cutting) Perm (/wiki/Perm_(hairstyle)) Shampoo and set Straightening (/wiki/Hair_straightening) Health and medical Greying of hair (/wiki/Greying_of_hair) Hair follicle (/wiki/Hair_follicle) Hair growth (/wiki/Human_hair_growth) Trichology (/wiki/Trichology) Related Andre Walker Hair Typing System (/wiki/Andre_Walker_Hair_Typing_System) Beard and haircut laws by country (/wiki/Beard_and_haircut_laws_by_country) Bearded lady (/wiki/Bearded_lady) Barber (/wiki/Barber) ( pole (/wiki/Barber%27s_pole) ) Eponymous hairstyle (/wiki/Eponymous_hairstyle) Frizz (/wiki/Frizz) Good hair (/wiki/Good_hair) Hairdresser (/wiki/Hairdresser) list (/wiki/List_of_hairdressers) Hair fetishism (/wiki/Hair_fetishism) This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shampoo_and_set&oldid=1204151199 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shampoo_and_set&oldid=1204151199) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Hairdressing (/wiki/Category:Hairdressing) Fashion stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016 (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2016) All articles containing potentially dated statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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Cosmetics brand Haus Labs by Lady Gaga Official logo Formerly Haus Laboratories (2012/2019–2022) Company type Private (/wiki/Limited_liability_company) Industry Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Founded September 17, 2019 ; 4 years ago ( 2019-09-17 ) Founder Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) and Ben Jones Headquarters El Segundo, California (/wiki/El_Segundo,_California) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Area served Worldwide Key people Lady Gaga (Co-Founder) Ben Jones (Co-Founder and CEO) Products Cosmetics, beauty products Website hauslabs.com (https://www.hauslabs.com/) Haus Labs by Lady Gaga (or simply Haus Labs ; formerly known as Haus Laboratories ) is an American vegan (/wiki/Vegan) and cruelty-free (/wiki/Cruelty-free_cosmetics) cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) brand founded by Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) . First launched on September 17, 2019, it was the first major beauty line to launch exclusively on Amazon (/wiki/Amazon_(company)) as a retailer partner, and released in nine countries including France (/wiki/France) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) , the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , and the United States. Haus Labs relaunched on June 9, 2022 with new retail partner Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) . The company advertises its products as "supercharged clean artistry makeup powered by innovation." History [ edit ] Background [ edit ] In February 2018, Gaga filed for trademarks for "Haus Beauty" and "Haus Labs" through her company, Ate My Heart Inc. [1] (#cite_note-1) Then, at the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) in May 2019, fans started to suspect that the makeup she was using was a preview of what was to come. Besides that, she had been using the hashtag #HausBeauty on several posts on her Instagram. Haus Laboratories is Gaga's first solo cosmetics brand. [2] (#cite_note-2) Previously, she had collaborated with MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) , for their Viva Glam Lipstick 2011 campaign, with a video directed by Nick Knight (/wiki/Nick_Knight_(photographer)) . [3] (#cite_note-3) "“Our key principles are: a spirit of art, a spirit of science, and the spirit of kindness. As long as those three things are present, I feel like we are doing the thing that we’ve set out to do. I used to always say, ‘The world doesn’t necessarily need another beauty brand, but if we can create something that is pushing the boundaries of what it means to make make-up, then it’s worth it.’ We want to make make-up for people that love to explore the artist within themselves and see themselves as a canvas. We want to be the supplier of tools, and for those tools to be truly good for you." Lady Gaga, May 2023 British Vogue Tish Weinstock, British Vogue, May 2023 The brand is inspired by Gaga's early days as a musician in Manhattan and it carries the spirit of embrace of individuality, and expressing it through bold makeup and body art, authenticity, and inclusivity. Also, the decision to sell it on Amazon (/wiki/Amazon_(company)) was based on Haus Labs' messages of self-acceptance and confidence. Gaga stated in an interview to The Business of Fashion (/wiki/The_Business_of_Fashion) that the partnership with Amazon was made because only they would allow her to commercialize a brand with these principles, saying "no message of self-acceptance, no deal". [4] (#cite_note-BOFInterview-4) The first iteration of the team assembled by Gaga and CEO Ben Jones, the former executive at The Honest Company (/wiki/The_Honest_Company) and Zynga (/wiki/Zynga) , a mobile game (/wiki/Mobile_game) company behind FarmVille (/wiki/FarmVille) and Words with Friends (/wiki/Words_with_Friends) , consisted of 15 people, such as veterans from Milk Makeup (/wiki/Milk_Makeup) and Benefit Cosmetics (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) owned by LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) ; Gaga's makeup artist, Sarah Tanno, who is the brand's global artistry director. They also secured backing from Lightspeed Venture Partners (/wiki/Lightspeed_Venture_Partners) , an investor in companies including Goop (/wiki/Goop_(company)) and Stitch Fix (/wiki/Stitch_Fix) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Beauty line launch (2019–2022) [ edit ] Haus Labs' first products were available for pre-order for Amazon Prime (/wiki/Amazon_Prime) members and through the company website hauslabs.com on July 15, 2019, but only hit the market in September. [6] (#cite_note-6) For the official launch, Gaga hosted a party, called "Haus Party", with 500 guests, on September 16, 2019, in Santa Monica. During her speech, she claimed "we're not just launching makeup. This is a glamour attack on the world to be accepting, humble, brave and, above all, empowered to be kind. No matter how you identify, all are welcome at Haus Laboratories". [7] (#cite_note-7) It was launched simultaneously on Amazon in nine countries, including the US, France, and Germany, while customers from other locations could order from the company's global store, on hauslabs.com. [4] (#cite_note-BOFInterview-4) The first products included lip liner, lip gloss, and liquid-to-powder shimmer. Rebranding (2022–present) [ edit ] In 2022, Haus Labs renamed itself as Haus Labs by Lady Gaga from Haus Laboratories as part of its rebranding campaign, which also consisted of a relaunch of the brand on June 9 for which it partnered with Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) as its retail outlet. [8] (#cite_note-8) The first round of products became available at select outlets, with plans to roll out to over 500 outlets across the United States and Canada in fall. [9] (#cite_note-9) According to Gaga, 2,700 "dirty" ingredients were removed during the rebranding process, replaced with beneficial ingredients like hyaluronic acid (/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid) and vegan collagen. [10] (#cite_note-10) Business [ edit ] Marketing [ edit ] Serving as the launch video of the brand, a one-minute video titled "Our Haus. Your Rules." was released. It was directed by Daniel Sannwald (/wiki/Daniel_Sannwald) and featured Gaga encouraging people to embrace the individuality and express it through bold makeup and body art with her collection of makeup. [11] (#cite_note-11) "Babylon" (Haus Labs version) (/wiki/Dawn_of_Chromatica) was its official track, being produced by Gaga in collaboration with Bloodpop (/wiki/Bloodpop) , Tchami (/wiki/Tchami) , and Boys Noize (/wiki/Boys_Noize) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Promoting part 1 of the Cosmic Love Holiday Collection, Haus Labs released a video featuring Gaga along with other models wearing the new products. [13] (#cite_note-13) On May 18, 2020, the brand released a video with Gaga accompanied by guests such as RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_All_Stars) season 2 winner Alaska Thunderfuck (/wiki/Alaska_Thunderfuck) , RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) season 10 winner Aquaria (/wiki/Aquaria_(drag_queen)) , and the YouTubers (/wiki/YouTuber) Aaliyah Jay and Patrick Starrr (/wiki/Patrick_Starrr) among others, to lip sync " Stupid Love (/wiki/Stupid_Love_(Lady_Gaga_song)) ", while promoting the eye shadow palette of the same name. [14] (#cite_note-14) On July 31, 2020, a video featuring Gaga was released to promote their gel pencil eyeliners, named Eye-Dentify. [15] (#cite_note-15) Sales [ edit ] According to reports by the fashion-industry trade journal, WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , Haus Labs was the third celebrity makeup brand of 2020 with highest media value (a measure of marketing success), earning over $141.7 million. It was only behind Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) and Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) , as first and second place, respectively. [16] (#cite_note-2020revenue-16) Products [ edit ] On September 17, 2019, Haus Laboratories launched the first products, six kits that featured three products each: Glam Attack (a shimmer pigment), R.I.P. Lip Liner, and Le Riot Lip Gloss. Inspired by the houses (/wiki/Ball_culture#Houses) in the ball culture (/wiki/Ball_culture) scene in the 1980s, seen in the documentary Paris Is Burning (/wiki/Paris_Is_Burning_(film)) (1990) and in the television series Pose (/wiki/Pose_(TV_series)) , these kits were called Haus of Chained Ballerina, Haus of Goddess, Haus of Bitch, Haus of Rockstar, Haus of Dynasty, and Haus of Metal Head. They also released a limited-edition packs of two pigments, two glosses, or two liners. [17] (#cite_note-17) On November 14, the line announced that they would be launching their first holiday collection, entitled Cosmic Love, with a new formula and more glittered lip liners, lip gloss, and shimmer powders, and a new kit called the Haus of Angel Baby, along with their first ever bullet lipstick. It was released on November 18. [18] (#cite_note-18) On May 19, 2020, Haus Labs launched the Stupid Love Palette, with 18 new shades, with names from Gaga's sixth studio album Chromatica (/wiki/Chromatica) (2020). [19] (#cite_note-19) Named Eye-Dentify, on August 4, 2020, the brand released their new collection of gel pencil eyeliners, made into 20 different shades and available in three different finishes – matte, shimmer, and metallic. Both Gaga and Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) wore it in the music video for " Rain On Me (/wiki/Rain_on_Me_(Lady_Gaga_and_Ariana_Grande_song)) ". [20] (#cite_note-20) On October 6, 2020, Haus Labs launched a blush and highlighter duo – Head Rush, and a bronzing and highlighter duo – Heat Spell. The blush comes in seven duo sets, and the bronzer comes in five. In an interview with Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) , Gaga stated "we formulated them to be a silky powder, that leaves a clean buildable finish with rich, flirtatious hues and beaming highlighters. I've named them Heat Spell and Head Rush to indicate the ecstasy of celebrating you." [21] (#cite_note-Bronzer_&_Blush-21) As part of the celebration of the tenth anniversary of (/wiki/Born_This_Way_The_Tenth_Anniversary) Born This Way , on June 8, 2021, Haus Labs released the Bad Kid Vault, a limited-edition makeup box set including 16 products, such as eyeliners, lip crayons, lipglosses and a red sparkle lipstick. [22] (#cite_note-Bad_Kid_Vault-22) The brand also launched the Be Kind. Be Brave. Be You. Bundle, which includes Gaga's anthology book, Channel Kindness: Stories of Kindness and Community and three more lip crayons. [23] (#cite_note-Be_Kind-23) On September 28, Haus Labs released the Love for Sale Eyeshadow Palette, which consists of 18 shades and was inspired by her second collaborative album with Tony Bennett (/wiki/Tony_Bennett) , Love for Sale (/wiki/Love_for_Sale_(Tony_Bennett_and_Lady_Gaga_album)) (2021). [24] (#cite_note-VoguePalette-24) In Fall 2022, the brand launched their first line of complexion products, introducing the Triclone Skin Tech liquid foundation line. Including 51 shades, the Triclone line had one of the most expansive and inclusive array of shades for a cosmetic company's selection in their first release. [25] (#cite_note-25) Besides that, Haus Labs has every makeup category covered, from complexion, to eye, lip, and cheek. [26] (#cite_note-26) Awards and accolades [ edit ] Haus Laboratories [ edit ] Best New Brand, 2020 Allure Readers' Choice Awards (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , [27] (#cite_note-27) Edge Precision Brow Pencil [ edit ] Best Brow Pencil, 2021 Allure Best of Beauty Awards (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)#Best_of_Beauty_Awards) . [28] (#cite_note-28) Haus Labs By Lady Gaga [ edit ] Triclone Skin Tech Medium Coverage Foundation [ edit ] Best Breakthrough Product (Color Cosmetics), BeautyMatter NEXT Awards 2023 [29] (#cite_note-29) Best Clean Makeup, Allure Best of Beauty Awards (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)#Best_of_Beauty_Awards) 2023 [30] (#cite_note-30) Best Lightweight Foundation For Smooth Coverage, PureWow (/wiki/PureWow) " The 19 Best Lightweight Foundations for Smooth Coverage" 2023 [31] (#cite_note-31) Best Foundation For Redness, Real Simple (/wiki/Real_Simple) "The 15 Best Foundations of 2023, Tested & Reviewed" 2023 [32] (#cite_note-32) Best Foundation For Redness, Woman's World (/wiki/Woman%27s_World) "The 12 Best Foundations for Mature Skin That Will Cover + Repair Flaws" 2023 [33] (#cite_note-33) Best Foundations For Dry Skin: Medium Coverage, VOGUE (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) "The Best Foundations for Dry Skin, According to Pro Makeup Artists and Vogue Editors" 2023 [34] (#cite_note-34) Nourishing Foundation, Oprah Daily (/wiki/Oprah_Daily) Beauty O-Wards 2023 [35] (#cite_note-35) Best Foundation Overall, New York Post (/wiki/New_York_Post) "We tested the best full-coverage foundations of 2023: Here are our 14 favorites" 2023 [36] (#cite_note-36) Best Foundation For Calming, ELLE (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) "12 Best Waterproof Foundations for Streak-Free Days" 2023 [37] (#cite_note-37) Best Clean Foundation For Dry Skin, Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) "The 10 Best Foundations For Dry Skin That Hydrate And Boost Radiance" 2023 [38] (#cite_note-38) Best Overall Foundation, Who What Wear "I Tested Natural-Looking Foundations—These 10 Look Just Like My Skin But Better" 2023 [39] (#cite_note-39) Best Foundation, Women's Health (/wiki/Women%27s_health) Beauty Awards 2023 [40] (#cite_note-40) Philanthropy [ edit ] Haus Laboratories joined the Born This Way Foundation (/wiki/Born_This_Way_Foundation) , a non-profit organization (/wiki/Non-profit_organization) founded in 2012 by Gaga and her mother to raise mental health awareness, through donations from $1 of every paid transaction on Haus Labs' official website, [41] (#cite_note-41) while the same amount from every purchase of the Love for Sale Eyeshadow Palette would be donated to Tony Bennett's charity, Exploring the Arts, founded in 1999. 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Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210126020903/https://www.allure.com/story/readers-choice-winners) from the original on January 26, 2021 . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Best of Beauty 2021: The Best Eye Makeup Products of 2021" (https://www.allure.com/gallery/best-of-beauty-eye-makeup-product-winners) . Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210915234935/https://www.allure.com/gallery/best-of-beauty-eye-makeup-product-winners) from the original on September 15, 2021 . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "The Best in Beauty 2023: BeautyMatter NEXT Award Winners" (https://beautymatter.com/articles/beautymatter-next-award-winners-revealed) . beautymatter.com . 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Best of Beauty 2023: Clean Beauty" (https://www.allure.com/best-of-beauty-2023-winners/clean) . Allure . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Sengwe, Stephanie (November 28, 2023). "The 19 Best Lightweight Foundations for Smooth Coverage, Vetted by Editors and Makeup Artists" (https://www.purewow.com/beauty/best-lightweight-foundations) . PureWow . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "The 15 Best Foundations of 2023, Tested & Reviewed" (https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/makeup/makeup-face/best-foundation) . Real Simple . October 2, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "The 12 Best Foundations for Mature Skin That Will Cover + Repair Flaws" (https://www.womansworld.com/gallery/shopping/best-foundation-for-over-50-147682) . Woman's World . September 21, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "The Best Foundations for Dry Skin, According to Pro Makeup Artists and Vogue Editors" (https://www.vogue.com/article/best-foundation-for-dry-skin) . Vogue . December 9, 2020 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Oprah Beauty O-Wards 2023: We Tested Hundreds of New Products to Find the Very Best" (https://www.oprahdaily.com/beauty/a44751676/oprah-beauty-awards-2023/) . Oprah Daily . August 9, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "The 14 best full-coverage foundations we tested in 2023" (https://nypost.com/article/best-full-coverage-foundations/) . July 28, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "12 Best Waterproof Foundations That Won't Melt on Even the Hottest Days" (https://www.elle.com/beauty/makeup-skin-care/g44575866/best-waterproof-foundations/) . ELLE . July 24, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Calhoun, Molly. "The 10 Best Foundations For Dry Skin That Hydrate And Boost Radiance" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbes-personal-shopper/article/best-foundations-for-dry-skin/) . Forbes . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) McLintock, Kaitlyn (August 20, 2023). "I Tested Natural-Looking Foundations—These 10 Look Just Like My Skin But Better" (https://www.whowhatwear.com/natural-looking-foundation) . Who What Wear . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "WH Editors Tested Hundreds Of Products To Find The Best In Beauty" (https://www.womenshealthmag.com/beauty/a43580498/2023-beauty-awards/) . Women's Health . May 9, 2023 . Retrieved December 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Building a kinder + braver world, together" (https://www.hauslabs.com/pages/born-this-way-foundation) . Haus Laboratories. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200811070431/https://www.hauslabs.com/pages/born-this-way-foundation) from the original on August 11, 2020 . 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Novelty garment designed to fit over the penis Crocheted (/wiki/Crochet) willy warmer with drawstring. A willy warmer (or cock sock ) is a novelty garment designed to fit over the penis (/wiki/Human_penis) . [1] (#cite_note-di-1) History [ edit ] According to the Croatian (/wiki/Croatia) knitter Radmila Kus, knitted protector ( nakurnjak [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) ) was traditionally worn by Croatian men, particularly in the Mrkopalj (/wiki/Mrkopalj) mountain region, as a guard against frostbite. [4] (#cite_note-4) Such garments were also worn in Norway (/wiki/Norway) , where they were called forhyse , vænakot , or suspensorium . [5] (#cite_note-norsk-5) Several examples are preserved in the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History (/wiki/Norwegian_Museum_of_Cultural_History) . [5] (#cite_note-norsk-5) Sometimes in Norway they would be made from squirrel (/wiki/Squirrel) fur with the fur side inside, to be worn under leather trousers in the winter. [6] (#cite_note-byog-6) [7] (#cite_note-faroe-7) On the Faroe Islands (/wiki/Faroe_Islands) such garments are called kallvøttur (man mitten) or purrivøttur (testicles mitten). [7] (#cite_note-faroe-7) There was a tradition in Norway and Denmark, particularly on the Faroe Islands, where a girl would present her boyfriend with a forhyse to see how seriously he took their relationship. If the gift was rejected, this was seen as evidence that he was not yet ready for marriage. [6] (#cite_note-byog-6) In modern culture [ edit ] Since the 20th century, willy warmers are usually made as novelties and joke gifts (/wiki/Practical_joke_device) rather than to serve a functional purpose. [8] (#cite_note-neigh-8) In 1939, while filming Gone with the Wind (/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)) , Clark Gable (/wiki/Clark_Gable) received a present of a hand-knitted genitalia warmer from Carole Lombard (/wiki/Carole_Lombard) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In the 1950s, Joan Crawford (/wiki/Joan_Crawford) knitted a "cock sock" as a parting present for Porfirio Rubirosa (/wiki/Porfirio_Rubirosa) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Dawn Steel (/wiki/Dawn_Steel) , while working as a merchandiser for Penthouse (/wiki/Penthouse_(magazine)) in the early 1970s, found hand-knitted "cock socks" in Frankfurt (/wiki/Frankfurt) , and subsequently secured the rights to market "extra large" red, blue and white versions through the magazine. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) By the early 1980s, the seaside resort Blackpool (/wiki/Blackpool) had willy warmers displayed alongside other merchandise in gift shops just outside the Pleasure Beach (/wiki/Blackpool_Pleasure_Beach) , where they were seen as reflecting the limit of sexually suggestive material which was considered permissible to display publicly. [14] (#cite_note-blackpool-14) It was claimed in 1991 that King Charles III (/wiki/King_Charles_III) , received a green knitted warmer one Christmas, which was stored with other unusual gifts in the cellar at Highgrove House (/wiki/Highgrove_House) . [1] (#cite_note-di-1) In male nude photography, as published in magazines such as Playgirl (/wiki/Playgirl) , cock socks have become a humorous substitute for the fig leaf (/wiki/Fig_leaf) , deliberately focusing attention upon the area concealed. [15] (#cite_note-15) In 1990–91, during the Gulf War (/wiki/Gulf_War) , the British tabloid newspaper (/wiki/Tabloid_journalism) The Sun (/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)) printed a pattern for a willy warmer, which it encouraged women readers to knit and send to soldiers in the Gulf. [16] (#cite_note-16) Early 21st century willy warmers are often made to represent religious or political themes, or in the form of animals. [17] (#cite_note-mau-17) For example, in 2004 Ann Summers (/wiki/Ann_Summers) offered a horse's head design with a neighing speaker. [8] (#cite_note-neigh-8) British reality TV star Bobby-Cole Norris (/wiki/Bobby-Cole_Norris) has repeatedly made headlines for his choice of willy warmers as swimwear, including both a simple pouch [18] (#cite_note-18) and an anatomically correct variety. [19] (#cite_note-19) See also [ edit ] Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Koteka (/wiki/Koteka) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Moore, Sally (1991). The definitive Diana : an intimate look at the Princess of Wales from A to Z . Chicago: Contemporary Books. p. 390. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8092-3948-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Mokos, Jasna (29 December 2014). "Exhibitions of the Ethnographic Museum in Zagreb in 2012 and 2013" (https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/197078) . Etnološka istraživanja (in Croatian) (18/19): 301. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0351-4323 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0351-4323) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "nákurnjak - Hrvatski jezični portal" (https://hjp.znanje.hr/index.php?show=search_by_id&id=e1ZnXBU=) . hjp.znanje.hr . Retrieved 1 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Molloy, Mark (29 March 2012). "Croatian woman making a fortune from made-to-measure penis warmers" (http://metro.co.uk/2012/03/29/croatian-woman-radmila-kus-making-fortune-from-made-to-measure-penis-warmers-370161/) . The Metro . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Suspensorium from the Norsk Folkemuseum" (http://www.digitaltmuseum.no/things/suspensorium/NF/NF.1957-0263) . Digitalt Museum . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Norsk folkemuseum (1960). "By og bygd" (https://books.google.com/books?id=gJZBAAAAIAAJ&q=%22forhyse%22) . By og Bygd . 13 . I hoveakommisjon, J. G. Tanum: 68, 71, 74. ^ Jump up to: a b Joensen, Jóan Pauli (2003). I ærlige brudefolk : bryllup på Færøerne . København: Museum Tusculanums forl. p. 40. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788772898087 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Diary: Willy warmers prove unpalatable at WACL" (http://www.prweek.com/uk/news/228650/Diary-Willy-warmers-prove-unpalatable-WACL/) . PRWeek (/wiki/PRWeek) (originally published on www.campaignlive.co.uk). 19 November 2004 . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Flamini, Roland (1975). Scarlett, Rhett, and a cast of thousands : the filming of Gone with the wind (4. print. ed.). New York: Macmillan. p. 225. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-02-538670-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Considine, Shaun (1990). Bette & Joan : the divine feud . New York: Dell. p. 275. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-440-20776-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Sloman, Toby (24 December 1997). "Obituary: Dawn Steel" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-dawn-steel-1290471.html) . The Independent . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Dick, Bernard F. (1997). City of dreams the making and remaking of Universal Pictures . Lexington, Ky.: University Press of Kentucky. p. 3. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8131-7004-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Abramowitz, Rachel (2000). Is that a gun in your pocket? : the truth about female power in Hollywood . New York: Random House. p. 233. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-375-75869-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-blackpool_14-0) Jameson, Fredric (1983). Formations of pleasure (1. publ. ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 136, 139. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7100-9359-2 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Schwenger, Peter (1984). Phallic critiques : masculinity and twentieth-century literature (1. publ. ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 71 (https://archive.org/details/phalliccritiques0000schw/page/71) –72. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7102-0164-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "The War in Croatia through the Prism of Human Rights" (https://books.google.com/books?id=0zCQAAAAMAAJ&q=%22willy+warmers%22) . Peace Psychology Review . 1 (1–2): 26. 1994 . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-mau_17-0) Mau, Dhani (16 April 2012). "Rock out with your Cock Out: Penis Warmers are now a Thing" (http://fashionista.com/2012/04/rock-out-with-your-cock-out-penis-warmers-are-now-a-thing/) . Fashionista.com . Retrieved 30 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Rees, Alex (25 September 2014). "Again, You Will NEVER Be Able to Unsee This Guy's Insane Bathing Suit" (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/fashion/news/a31473/bobby-norris-insane-speedo-redux-pls-no-enough-already/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Campbell, Tina (10 February 2015). "Forget the Schlong Thong, Bobby Cole Norris rocks a penis sock" (http://metro.co.uk/2015/02/10/forget-the-schlong-thong-bobby-cole-norris-rocks-the-penis-sock-5057298/) . Metro . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Willy warmers (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Willy_warmers) . hide v t e Men's undergarments (/wiki/Undergarment) Upper body Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Sleeveless shirt (/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt) (A-shirt / singlet / tank top) T-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) Henley shirt (/wiki/Henley_shirt) Undershirt (/wiki/Undershirt) Telnyashka (/wiki/Telnyashka) Lower body Boxer briefs (/wiki/Boxer_briefs) Boxer shorts (/wiki/Boxer_shorts) Briefs (/wiki/Briefs) (slip / Y-fronts) Compression shorts (/wiki/Compression_shorts) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Jockstrap (/wiki/Jockstrap) (athletic supporter) Pantyhose for men (/wiki/Pantyhose_for_men) Swim trunks (/wiki/Swim_trunks) Thong (/wiki/Thong#Men's_thongs) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Willy warmer Full body Long underwear (/wiki/Long_underwear) (long johns) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Hosiery Compression stockings (/wiki/Compression_stockings) Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose_for_men) Sock (/wiki/Sock) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tabi (/wiki/Tabi) Historical Breechcloth (/wiki/Breechcloth) Chausses (/wiki/Chausses) Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Garter (/wiki/Garter_(stockings)) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Brands 2(X)IST (/wiki/2(X)IST) 2wink (/wiki/2wink) Abercrombie & Fitch (/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitch) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Allbirds (/wiki/Allbirds) AllSaints (/wiki/AllSaints) American Apparel (/wiki/American_Apparel) American Eagle (/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters) Andrew Christian (/wiki/Andrew_Christian) Arc'teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) aussieBum (/wiki/AussieBum) Björn Borg (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg_(brand)) Boden (/wiki/Boden_(clothing)) Bombas (/wiki/Bombas) Bonds (/wiki/Bonds_(clothing)) Bonobos (/wiki/Bonobos_(apparel)) Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) BVD (/wiki/BVD) Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(fashion_house)) Comme des Garçons (/wiki/Comme_des_Gar%C3%A7ons) Desigual (/wiki/Desigual) Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) Dsquared² (/wiki/Dsquared%C2%B2) Duluth Trading Company (/wiki/Duluth_Trading_Company) Emporio Armani (/wiki/Emporio_Armani) Everlane (/wiki/Everlane) Finisterre (/wiki/Finisterre_(retailer)) Fleur du Mal (/wiki/Fleur_du_Mal) Fruit of the Loom (/wiki/Fruit_of_the_Loom) Gap (/wiki/Gap_Inc) Gunze (/wiki/Gunze) H&M (/wiki/H%26M) Hanes (/wiki/Hanes) Hanro (/wiki/Hanro) House of Holland (/wiki/Henry_Holland_(fashion_designer)) Hugo Boss (/wiki/Hugo_Boss) Ibex (/wiki/Ibex_Outdoor_Clothing) J.Crew (/wiki/J.Crew) Jockey International (/wiki/Jockey_International) Joe Boxer (/wiki/Joe_Boxer) John Lewis (/wiki/John_Lewis_%26_Partners) John Smedley's (/wiki/John_Smedley_(industrialist)) Kenneth Cole (/wiki/Kenneth_Cole_Productions) Kotn (/wiki/Kotn) Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) Levi's (/wiki/Levi%27s) Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) Lululemon (/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica) Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) Munsingwear (/wiki/Munsingwear) Nasty Pig (/wiki/Nasty_Pig) Nike (/wiki/Nike_Inc) Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) Orlebar Brown (/wiki/Orlebar_Brown) Patagonia (/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc.) 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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Biyan_Wanaatmadja) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Biyan_Wanaatmadja) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) relies on a single source (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source) . You can help by adding reliable sources to this article. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately . ( November 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . 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Find sources: "Biyan Wanaatmadja" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Biyan+Wanaatmadja%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( November 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Biyan Wanaatmadja or biyan born in Surabaya (/wiki/Surabaya) , Jawa Timur, 20 October 1954. The most prominent and high end fashion designer living in Indonesia. [1] (#cite_note-1) Private life [ edit ] Born from Surya Wanaatmadja and Elizabeth Jonathan, Wanaatmadja spent his childhood and youth at Surabaya (/wiki/Surabaya) . He pursued his studies in fashion, earning himself degrees at Mueller & Sohn Privat Mode Schule (/w/index.php?title=Mueller_%26_Sohn_Privat_Mode_Schule&action=edit&redlink=1) in 1977 at Düsseldorf (/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) and then the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) in 1982 at London, England. In 1983, Biyan worked at Enrico Coveri (/wiki/Enrico_Coveri) di Firenze, Italia (/w/index.php?title=Firenze,_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1) . After living in Europe for more than 15 years, Biyan's family asked him to come back to Indonesia and start his own private label (/wiki/Private_label) . Working in a small atelier in Surabaya, Biyan produced and retailed his first clothing line. Now Biyan holds 3 label: BIYAN (est. 1984), Studio 133 by Biyan (est. 1985), and Biyan Bride . A custom-made Biyan gown now retails from a price of US$10,000 to $20,000 Biyan label is one of the top Indonesian designer that sells Internationally, such as to Club 21 (/wiki/Club_21) , Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) , and Bloomingdale's (/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s) . References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Indonesia Fashion Designer Biyan Wanaatmadja Celebrates the Elements of Style (https://archive.today/20120919074214/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/fashion/indonesia-fashion-designer-biyan-wanaatmadja-celebrates-the-elements-of-style/408919) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000448805377) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/315944400) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbCJcgvHmjjPcTKgpPxXd) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1116290588) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2015053386) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p392692740) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐l6245 Cached time: 20240714140407 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.175 seconds Real time usage: 0.232 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 395/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43092/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9529/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12040/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.124/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2310321/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 211.483 1 -total 73.28% 154.977 3 Template:Ambox 52.84% 111.756 1 Template:Multiple_issues 41.28% 87.292 1 Template:Authority_control 23.91% 50.562 1 Template:BLP_one_source 8.44% 17.852 1 Template:Notability 5.21% 11.016 1 Template:Reflist 4.55% 9.619 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 1.75% 3.700 1 Template:Strong 0.81% 1.717 2 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33735413-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714140407 and revision id 1158422316. 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English fashion designer (born 1974) Sarah Burton OBE (/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) Born Sarah Jane Heard 1974 (age 49–50) Macclesfield, Cheshire (/wiki/Macclesfield,_Cheshire) , England Alma mater Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins_College_of_Art_and_Design) Years active 1996–present Employer Alexander McQueen Notable work Wedding dress of Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Catherine_Middleton) Spouse David Burton Children 3 Sarah Jane Burton OBE (/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (née Heard ; born 1974 [1] (#cite_note-Manc-1) ) is an English fashion designer. She worked at the Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) fashion house from 1997 through 2023, spending her last 13 years at the company as its creative director. [2] (#cite_note-Alexander_McQueen_Men's_RTW_Fall_2014-2) Burton designed the wedding dress of Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Catherine_Middleton) for her wedding to Prince William (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_William_and_Catherine_Middleton) in 2011. [3] (#cite_note-kmd-3) [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) In 2012, she was named in Time 100 (/wiki/Time_100) , an annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world according to Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . [5] (#cite_note-Time2012-5) Early life [ edit ] Burton was born in Macclesfield, Cheshire (/wiki/Macclesfield,_Cheshire) , one of five children of Anthony and Diana Heard. [1] (#cite_note-Manc-1) [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) She attended Withington Girls' School (/wiki/Withington_Girls%27_School) in Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) . [3] (#cite_note-kmd-3) [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) After completing an art foundation course (/wiki/Foundation_course) at Manchester Polytechnic (/wiki/Manchester_Polytechnic) , [6] (#cite_note-Hon_Doc-6) and opting to pursue fashion over studies in fine art, she studied Print Fashion at the Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins_College_of_Art_and_Design) in London. [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) During her third year she was interviewed for a year's placement at Alexander McQueen at the suggestion of her tutor Simon Ungless, a friend of McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) 's. She joined the company for a year as an intern, when the company was based in a tiny studio in Hoxton Square (/wiki/Hoxton_Square) . [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) Fashion career [ edit ] Ballgown by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. Chosen as the Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) for 2011 Dress designed for Alexander McQueen's autumn/winter 2021-22 collection, featured in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) 's Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion (/wiki/Sleeping_Beauties:_Reawakening_Fashion) exhibition Upon her graduation in 1997, Burton joined Alexander McQueen full-time. [7] (#cite_note-7) Burton was appointed Head of Womenswear in 2000, during which time she created dresses for Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) and Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) . [8] (#cite_note-TMG8364610-8) Following McQueen's death in February 2010, and after company owner Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) confirmed that the brand would continue, Burton was named as the new Creative Director of Alexander McQueen in May 2010. [9] (#cite_note-9) In October 2010, Burton presented her first show in Paris. [10] (#cite_note-10) On 29 April 2011, it was revealed that Burton had designed the wedding dress (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Catherine_Middleton) of Catherine Middleton for her marriage that day to Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge,_and_Catherine_Middleton) . It is believed that Burton's work came to the attention of Middleton in 2005 when she attended the wedding of Tom Parker Bowles (/wiki/Tom_Parker_Bowles) , the son of the Duchess of Cornwall (/wiki/Duchess_of_Cornwall) , for whom McQueen had designed the wedding dress for his bride, fashion journalist Sara Buys. [8] (#cite_note-TMG8364610-8) Burton said creating the royal wedding dress had been the "experience of a lifetime". [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Burton also designed maid of honour Pippa Middleton (/wiki/Pippa_Middleton) 's dress, and the dress that Kate Middleton wore to the wedding's evening festivities. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) In 2011, Burton was named the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) 's Designer of the Year. [15] (#cite_note-15) In September 2023, Burton announced she would be departing Alexander McQueen. She had worked at the brand for 26 years. [16] (#cite_note-16) Personal life [ edit ] As of 2011, Burton lived in St John's Wood (/wiki/St_John%27s_Wood) with her husband David Burton, a fashion photographer. [4] (#cite_note-Vogue110317-4) Honours [ edit ] On 28 November 2011, Burton won the Designer of the Year at the 2011 British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) . [17] (#cite_note-17) In July 2012, Burton received an honorary degree (/wiki/Honorary_degree) from Manchester Metropolitan University (/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University) where she was a former student, becoming an honorary Doctor of Arts (/wiki/Doctor_of_Arts) . [6] (#cite_note-Hon_Doc-6) Burton was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (OBE) in the 2012 Birthday Honours for services to the British fashion industry. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) In June 2019, Burton was awarded the Valentino Garavani and Giancarlo Giammetti International Award by the Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) . [21] (#cite_note-21) In November 2019, the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) bestowed Burton with the Trailblazer Award. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) In 2023, Burton was given the 'Special Recognition Award' at the Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) . [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) References [ edit ] ^ a b Charlotte Cox (4 May 2011). "Exclusive: Parents of royal wedding designer Sarah Burton speak of their pride - and how they got first glimpse of Kate's dress through a periscope" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121112181559/http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1419723_exclusive-parents-of-royal-wedding-designer-sarah-burton-speak-of-their-pride---and-how-they-got-first-glimpse-of-kates-dress-through-a-periscope) . Manchester Evening News (/wiki/Manchester_Evening_News) . Archived from the original (http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1419723_exclusive-parents-of-royal-wedding-designer-sarah-burton-speak-of-their-pride---and-how-they-got-first-glimpse-of-kates-dress-through-a-periscope) on 12 November 2012 . Retrieved 5 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Alexander_McQueen_Men's_RTW_Fall_2014_2-0) "Alexander McQueen designates Seán McGirr as new creative director" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2023/oct/03/alexander-mcqueen-designates-sean-mcgirr-as-new-creative-director) . The Guardian . 3 October 2023 . Retrieved 24 December 2023 . ^ a b "Kate Middleton's dress designer was a 'brilliant pupil' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-13244259) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-13244259) . BBC News Online (/wiki/BBC_News_Online) . 29 April 2011 . Retrieved 2 May 2011 . ^ a b c d e f Helen Wigham (18 March 2011). "Sarah Burton" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110404071112/http://www.vogue.co.uk/biographies/110317-sarah-burton.aspx) . Vogue . Archived from the original (https://www.vogue.co.uk/biographies/110317-sarah-burton.aspx) on 4 April 2011 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Time2012_5-0) Parker, Sarah Jessica (18 April 2012). "The 100 Most Influential People in the World" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120419073200/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2111975_2111976_2112135,00.html) . Time . Archived from the original (http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2111975_2111976_2112135,00.html) on 19 April 2012 . Retrieved 15 August 2012 . ^ a b "Honorary Doctorates announced" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121202035604/http://www.staff.mmu.ac.uk/manmetlife/news/view/honorary-doctorates-announced) . Manchester Metropolitan University. 8 June 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.staff.mmu.ac.uk/manmetlife/news/view/honorary-doctorates-announced) on 2 December 2012 . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "The Woman Who Became McQueen" (https://www.thecut.com/article/sarah-burton-alexander-mcqueen-profile.html) . The Cut (/wiki/The_Cut_(website)) . 3 February 2023. ^ a b Heidi Blake (6 March 2011). "Sarah Burton of Alexander McQueen to design Kate Middleton's wedding dress?" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8364610/Sarah-Burton-of-Alexander-McQueen-to-design-Kate-Middletons-wedding-dress.html) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Burton For McQueen" (https://www.kering.com/en/houses/couture-and-leather-goods/alexander-mcqueen/sarah-burton/#:~:text=Sarah%20Burton%20was%20appointed%20Head,for%20more%20than%2014%20years.) . Kering . 27 May 2010 . Retrieved 3 July 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Alexander McQueen Spring/Summer 2011 collection" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110102222851/http://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/show.aspx/full-length-photos/id,9981) . Vogue . Archived from the original (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/show.aspx/full-length-photos/id,9981) on 2 January 2011 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Balcony kisses seal royal wedding" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13235599) . BBC News Online (/wiki/BBC_News_Online) . 29 April 2011 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Kate Wows in Second Sarah Burton Outfit" (http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Royal-Wedding/ROYAL-WEDDING-Kate-Middletons-Dress-Designed-By-Sarah-Burton/Article/201104415981854?lpos=Royal_Wedding_Top_Stories_Header_1&lid=ARTICLE_15981854_ROYAL_WEDDING_Kate_Middletons_Dress_Designed_By_Sarah_Burton) . Sky News (/wiki/Sky_News) . 29 April 2011 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Kate wears second Sarah Burton dress" (http://www.timeslive.co.za/lifestyle/fashion/article1044219.ece/Kate-wears-second-Sarah-Burton-dress) Timeslive.com . Retrieved 30 April 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Pippa Middleton's McQueen bridesmaid dress hits Net-a-porter.com" (http://ldnfashion.com/news/pippa-middletons-mcqueen-bridesmaid-dress-hits-net-a-porter-com/) . Retrieved 17 August 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "2011 winners" (https://fashionawards.com/awards_overlay.aspx?WinnerID=268) . Fashion Awards 2019 . British Fashion Council. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Sarah Burton Is Departing Alexander McQueen" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/luxury/sarah-burton-steps-down-alexander-mcqueen-creative-director-designer/) . The Business of Fashion . 11 September 2023 . Retrieved 11 September 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "British Fashion Awards 2011 Winners | British Vogue | British Vogue" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/11/28/british-fashion-awards-2011-winners) . 29 November 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "No. 60173" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/60173/supplement/9) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) (Supplement). 16 June 2012. p. 9. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Honours for Branagh and Burton" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-18456061) . BBC News . 15 June 2012 . Retrieved 15 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Sarah Burton of Alexander McQueen to receive OBE" (http://ldnfashion.com/news/sarah-burton-alexander-mcqueen-awarded-obe/) . 18 June 2012 . Retrieved 17 August 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "All the Winners From Fashion's Biggest Awards Show" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210224182404/https://www.thecut.com/2019/06/all-the-winners-from-the-2019-cfda-awards.html) . Archived from the original (https://www.thecut.com/2019/06/all-the-winners-from-the-2019-cfda-awards.html/) on 24 February 2021 . Retrieved 4 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Sarah Burton OBE Is To Be Awarded With The BFC's Trailblazer Award At The Fashion Awards 2019" (https://www.elle.com/uk/fashion/a30024189/sarah-burton-trailblazer-fashion-awards-2019/) . 28 November 2019 . Retrieved 28 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Fashion Awards 2019 : Sarah Burton récompensée pour son esprit visionnaire" (https://fr.fashionnetwork.com/news/Fashion-awards-2019-sarah-burton-recompensee-pour-son-esprit-visionnaire,1162549.html) . Fashion Network . Retrieved 18 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "The Fashion Awards 2019 Winners Announced" (https://www.britishfashioncouncil.co.uk/pressreleases/The-Fashion-Awards-2019-Winners-Announced) . British Fashion Council . Retrieved 18 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Qui sont les grands vainqueurs des Fashion Awards 2023 ?" (https://www.marieclaire.fr/gagnants-fashion-awards-2023,1465226.asp) . Marie Claire . 5 December 2023 . Retrieved 29 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Jonathan Anderson, Martine Rose and Sarah Burton among winners at the star-studded Fashion Awards" (https://www.voguebusiness.com/story/fashion/jw-anderson-martine-rose-and-sarah-burton-among-winners-at-the-star-studded-fashion-awards) . Vogue . Retrieved 26 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Fashion Awards 2023 : qui sont les grands noms de la mode du palmarès à connaître ?" (https://www.madmoizelle.com/fashion-awards-2023-qui-sont-les-grands-noms-de-la-mode-du-palmares-a-connaitre-1602227) . Madmoizelle . Retrieved 26 March 2024 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sarah Burton (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sarah_Burton) . Alexander McQueen Website (http://www.alexandermcqueen.com) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1963367/) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/231908556) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyhhj3DPVMxCdYfQTWVYP) National Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007326422105171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2012025596) Artists Victoria (https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/28124/) v t e Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) Label Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(fashion_house)) Sarah Burton (former creative director) Collections (/wiki/List_of_Alexander_McQueen_collections) Early years Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims) (1992 graduation collection) Taxi Driver (/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1993)† Nihilism (/wiki/Nihilism_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1994)‡ The Birds (/wiki/The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1995) Highland Rape (/wiki/Highland_Rape) (A/W 1995) The Hunger (/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1996) Dante (/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1996) It's a Jungle Out There (/wiki/It%27s_a_Jungle_Out_There_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1997) Joan (/wiki/Joan_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1998) Mid-career The Overlook (/wiki/The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1999) Eye (/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2000) The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) (S/S 2002) Irere (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2003) Pantheon ad Lucem (/wiki/Pantheon_ad_Lucem) (A/W 2004) Final works Neptune (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2006) The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (A/W 2006) The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) (A/W 2008) Designs Armadillo shoe (/wiki/Armadillo_shoe) Bumster (/wiki/Bumster) Illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) Oyster dress (/wiki/Oyster_dress) No. 13 finale (/wiki/No._13_Finale) Union Jack coat (/wiki/Earthling_(album)) In media Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano (/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(play)) (2015 play) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(film)) (2018 documentary film) Related articles Isabella Blow (/wiki/Isabella_Blow) Shaun Leane (/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)) Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXVIII_halftime_show_controversy) ‡S/S = Spring/Summer †A/W = Autumn/Winter NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐w8lsr Cached time: 20240720170413 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.557 seconds Real time usage: 0.734 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4148/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 75791/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2015/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 112572/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.364/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7000242/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 677.275 1 -total 32.87% 222.587 1 Template:Reflist 30.00% 203.155 1 Template:Infobox_person 13.58% 91.979 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 13.11% 88.776 3 Template:Cite_news 12.89% 87.281 22 Template:Cite_web 12.42% 84.094 1 Template:Authority_control 12.10% 81.982 1 Template:Birth_year_and_age 10.49% 71.079 1 Template:Short_description 5.90% 39.955 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31628269-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720170413 and revision id 1225792925. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Burton&oldid=1225792925 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Burton&oldid=1225792925) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from Macclesfield (/wiki/Category:People_from_Macclesfield) Alumni of Manchester Metropolitan University (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Manchester_Metropolitan_University) Alumni of Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Central_Saint_Martins) English fashion designers (/wiki/Category:English_fashion_designers) British women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:British_women_fashion_designers) 1974 births (/wiki/Category:1974_births) People educated at Withington Girls' School (/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Withington_Girls%27_School) Officers of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Category:Officers_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) Wedding dress designers (/wiki/Category:Wedding_dress_designers) Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Category:Alexander_McQueen) Hidden categories: Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y (/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_London_Gazette_template_with_parameter_supp_set_to_y) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from February 2024 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_February_2024) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with NGV identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NGV_identifiers)
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Italian costume designer (born 1953) Luciano Calosso Born 23 October 1953 Rome (/wiki/Rome) , Italy Occupation Costume designer Luciano Calosso (Rome, 23 October 1953) is an Italian (/wiki/Italians) costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) In 1981, he received the Best Costume Designer Award at David di Donatello (/wiki/David_di_Donatello) for Fontamara (/wiki/Fontamara_(film)) . Filmography [ edit ] Il giustiziere di mezzogiorno (/wiki/Il_giustiziere_di_mezzogiorno) (1975) Noi non siamo angeli (/wiki/Noi_non_siamo_angeli) (1977) Fontamara (/wiki/Fontamara_(film)) (1980) Aiutami a sognare (/wiki/Aiutami_a_sognare) (1981) Honey (/wiki/Honey_(1981_film)) (1981) La neve nel bicchiere (/wiki/La_neve_nel_bicchiere) (1986) I protagonisti di Fellini (/w/index.php?title=I_protagonisti_di_Fellini&action=edit&redlink=1) (1984) The Jeweller's Shop (/wiki/The_Jeweller%27s_Shop_(film)) (1989) Il lungo viaggio (/w/index.php?title=Il_lungo_viaggio&action=edit&redlink=1) (1987) Un poliziotto in città (/w/index.php?title=Un_poliziotto_in_citt%C3%A0&action=edit&redlink=1) (1988) Il prato delle volpi (/w/index.php?title=Il_prato_delle_volpi&action=edit&redlink=1) (1989) The Wicked (/wiki/The_Wicked_(1991_film)) (1991) Sindrome veneziana (/w/index.php?title=Sindrome_veneziana&action=edit&redlink=1) (1991) Favola crudele (/wiki/Favola_crudele) (1991) Frate Julianus (/w/index.php?title=Frate_Julianus&action=edit&redlink=1) (TV series) (1991) Berlino '39 (/w/index.php?title=Berlino_%2739&action=edit&redlink=1) (1993) Stato d'emergenza (/w/index.php?title=Stato_d%27emergenza&action=edit&redlink=1) (1992) Delitto passionale (/wiki/Delitto_passionale) (1994) Caccia alle mosche (/w/index.php?title=Caccia_alle_mosche&action=edit&redlink=1) (1993) Una sola debole voce (/w/index.php?title=Una_sola_debole_voce&action=edit&redlink=1) (1999) Sos laribiancos - I dimenticati (/w/index.php?title=Sos_laribiancos_-_I_dimenticati&action=edit&redlink=1) (2001) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "GLI SPECIALI presenta GIANFRANCO ANGELUCCI. Giulietta Masina.Attrice e sposa di Federico Fellini" (http://www.bibliotecaviterbo.it/2016/01/28/gli-speciali-presenta-gianfranco-angelucci-giulietta-masina-attrice-e-sposa-di-federico-fellini/) (in Italian) . Retrieved 25 April 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Il Gran Gala del Made in Italy in onda martedì 29 dicembre su Rai Uno" (http://www.euromedi.org/attivita/link.asp?link=idpagina=5285&idevento=1821) (in Italian) . Retrieved 25 April 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Scheda Docente" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160310045359/http://www.accademialecce.it/scheda-docente.asp?id=61) (in Italian). Archived from the original (http://www.accademialecce.it/scheda-docente.asp?id=61) on 10 March 2016 . Retrieved 25 April 2022 . External links [ edit ] Luciano Calosso (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0130701/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) This Italian artist–related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Footwear brand Bearpaw Holdings LLC Founded 2001 Founder Tom Romeo Headquarters Citrus Heights, California (/wiki/Citrus_Heights,_California) , U.S. Key people John Pierce (President) Products Footwear, apparel, and accessories Website bearpaw.com (https://www.bearpaw.com) Bearpaw Holdings LLC (simply known as Bearpaw, stylized BEARPAW ) is an American brand of footwear, apparel, and accessories. History [ edit ] The brand was founded by Tom Romeo in 2001 with the purpose of, according to its website, redefining casual footwear by utilizing sheepskin to create comfortable and stylish footwear. In one of the most competitive footwear market segments, with UGG Australia (/wiki/UGG_Australia) and EMU Australia (/wiki/EMU_Australia) as main competitors for producing sheepskin footwear, Bearpaw has carved out a niche area by providing customers with comfort and sensibility to set itself apart. The first Bearpaw retail store opened in Citrus Heights, California (/wiki/Citrus_Heights,_California) in 2011, where the brand is headquartered. [1] (#cite_note-1) In 2018, the brand started producing vegan made boots (non-sheepskin), specifically with vegan microsuede (polyester), polyester blend lining, and rubber outsoles. [2] (#cite_note-2) In June 2018, Bearpaw acquired Flip Flop Shops, a brand owned by Cherokee Inc. (/wiki/Cherokee_Inc.) [3] (#cite_note-3) Products [ edit ] Bearpaw's signature products are its sheepskin boots, otherwise known as ugg boots (/wiki/Ugg_boots) , which come in various styles and colors. The brand also produces hiking boots, slippers, sneakers and accessories for men, women and children. Legal issues [ edit ] In November 2010, Deckers Outdoor Corporation (/wiki/Deckers_Outdoor_Corporation) , which owns the UGG Australia (/wiki/UGG_(brand)) brand, filed a lawsuit against the Bearpaw brand for copying UGG brand designs (both Bearpaw and UGG Australia produce immensely similar products, especially their sheepskin boots). The litigation was resolved mutually by both parties in February 2012. [4] (#cite_note-4) Tom Romeo faced legal trouble in 2014, when he was charged by a federal grand jury of Sacramento, California for evading nearly $5.6 million in customs duties, where his employees created false invoices that undervalued footwear he imported from China (/wiki/China) . [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Johnson, Kelly (December 14, 2011). "Bearpaw Footwear opening first store in Citrus Heights" (https://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2011/12/14/bearpaw-footwear-store-citrus-heights.html) . Sacramento Business Journal . Retrieved April 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Vega, Sharon (December 29, 2018). "Bearpaw is Now Offering Vegan Versions of Some of their Classic Boots" (https://www.onegreenplanet.org/news/bearpaw-is-now-offering-vegan-versions-of-some-of-their-classic-boots) . One Green Planet . Retrieved April 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Bell, Jennie (June 5, 2018). "Bearpaw Acquires Flip Flop Shops as It Moves Toward Seasonless Business" (https://footwearnews.com/2018/business/retail/bearpaw-buys-flip-flop-shops-cherokee-brands-1202570170/) . Retrieved April 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Barrie, Leonie (February 24, 2012). "US: Deckers and Bearpaw settle over Ugg copies" (https://www.just-style.com/news/deckers-and-bearpaw-settle-over-ugg-copies_id113585.aspx) . www.just-style.com . Retrieved April 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Anderson, Mark (December 5, 2014). "Attorney says Bearpaw owner was negotiating with officials before federal indictment" (https://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2014/12/05/attorney-says-bearpaw-owner-was-negotiating-with.html) . Sacramento Business Journal . Retrieved April 10, 2019 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bearpaw (brand) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bearpaw_(brand)) . Official website (https://www.bearpaw.com) Deckers v. Romeo & Juliette (https://www.scribd.com/document/385910411/Deckers-v-Romeo-Juliette-Complaint) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐ljhdc Cached time: 20240720171815 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.247 seconds Real time usage: 0.355 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1534/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19115/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1282/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 22249/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.157/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4970414/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 325.664 1 -total 32.75% 106.642 1 Template:Reflist 30.96% 100.825 1 Template:Infobox_company 28.65% 93.295 5 Template:Cite_web 28.28% 92.088 1 Template:Infobox 21.71% 70.714 1 Template:Short_description 12.22% 39.804 2 Template:Pagetype 10.35% 33.704 1 Template:Commonscat 9.39% 30.570 1 Template:Sister_project 8.92% 29.043 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60458300-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720171815 and revision id 1106681389. 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Indian fashion designer of Mumbai, India Nachiket Barve Born Mumbai, Maharashtra (/wiki/Mumbai,_Maharashtra) , India (/wiki/India) Nationality Indian Education Bachelor of Commerce (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Commerce) Alma mater Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics National Institute of Design (/wiki/National_Institute_of_Design) Occupation Fashion designer Awards Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year Nachiket Barve is an Indian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) of Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) , India (/wiki/India) . His eponymous (/wiki/Eponymous) fashion label was launched at the Gen Next show at the Lakme Fashion Week (/wiki/Lakme_Fashion_Week) in Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) . [1] (#cite_note-FDCI-1) In 2010, Barve received the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) and Elle Magazine (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) "Young Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year" award. [2] (#cite_note-britishcouncil1-2) [3] (#cite_note-Barves_Broadway-3) Early life and education [ edit ] Barve was born and grew up in Mumbai. He completed a Bachelor degree (/wiki/Bachelor_degree) in commerce (/wiki/Commerce) at the Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics. He then studied apparel and accessory design at the National Institute of Design (/wiki/National_Institute_of_Design) (NID) in Ahmedabad (/wiki/Ahmedabad) . [4] (#cite_note-business-standard1-4) Barve was awarded a French (/wiki/France) government scholarship to study at the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs (/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_des_Arts_D%C3%A9coratifs) (E.N.S.A.D). There, he worked with haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) ateliers (/wiki/Atelier) learning handmade flower making, pleating (/wiki/Pleat) , and working with feathers, leather and accessories. [2] (#cite_note-britishcouncil1-2) Barve completed his final project with mentors Abu Jani and Sandeep Khosla (/wiki/Sandeep_Khosla) and he was an intern at Celine (a subsidiary of Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessy LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) ) and with the textile designer (/wiki/Textile_design) , Neeru Kumar. [5] (#cite_note-thehindu1-5) Career [ edit ] In March 2007, Nachiket launched his label at Lakme Fashion Week in Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) . [1] (#cite_note-FDCI-1) [6] (#cite_note-6) Fashion critics such as Suzy Menkes (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) and Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) have written about his work [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Barve's designs were included in the book, Contemporary Indian Design. [9] (#cite_note-9) Barve has been invited to show his designs at BAFWEEK (/wiki/BAFWEEK) (Buenos Aires Fashion Week) in Argentina and at the twice yearly fashion show, Coterie in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2010, Nachiket won the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) and Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) "Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year" award where he represented India. [2] (#cite_note-britishcouncil1-2) [1] (#cite_note-FDCI-1) In 2011, Barve spoke at an Italian government entrepreneurs' conference representing India's young fashion designers. [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2012, the British Fashion Council invited Barve to showcase a collection at the annual Alchemy festival, South Bank, London (/wiki/London) . He was also part of the Blenders Pride (/wiki/Blenders_Pride) tour promoting the Indian whisky (/wiki/Whisky) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2011, Nachiket designed costumes for a television commercial advertising Tanishq jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) during the Diwali (/wiki/Diwali) festival. It starred the actor Amitabh Bachchan (/wiki/Amitabh_Bachchan) and actress, Jaya Bachchan (/wiki/Jaya_Bachchan) . [4] (#cite_note-business-standard1-4) [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2012, Nachiket collaborated with Pooja Dhingra (/wiki/Pooja_Dhingra) , a pastry chef. Dhingra was the owner of the Le 15 Patisserie in Mumbai. Together, they produced a special edition range of macaroons (/wiki/Macaroon) and packaging inspired by Nachiket's Caravan collection. The collection had been presented at Wills India Lifestyle Fashion Week. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) The Barve Nachiket label was a part of Caravan 2014 , an initiative to showcase and retail Indian fashion. It was a curated collection of designer brands at the Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) store in Riyadh (/wiki/Riyadh) . [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) Designs [ edit ] Nachiket produces bespoke fashions and Indianwear . The Barve Nachiket label has been sold in India, the US (/wiki/US) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) and Nigeria (/wiki/Nigeria) . The label has also been sold at the Pernia pop-up shop (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) , and the Rent the Runway internet shop. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) Nachiket's designs are inspired by his travels, science, nature and functionality. For instance, his 2014 collection took inspiration from Maori (/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people) culture. [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) Nachiket experiments with fabrics, the joyous use of colour and intricate surface detail. Nachiket's philosophy is to challenge pre-existing norms and make fashion relevant to women no matter race, age, size or body type. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Nachiket Barve." (http://www.fdci.org/Member.aspx?mid=2120588269) Fashion Design Council of India. Accessed 21 November 2015. ^ a b c "Nachiket Barve." (http://creativeconomy.britishcouncil.org/people/nachiket-barve/) British Fashion Council.org Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-Barves_Broadway_3-0) "Barves Broadway." (http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/barves-broadway/) The Indian Express 10 October 2011. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ a b "Dressing up the Bachchans." (http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/dressing-up-the-bachchans-113071901038_1.html) Business-standard.com 20 July 2013 Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-thehindu1_5-0) Reddy T. "Style, naturally..." (http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/style-naturally/article3284052.ece) The Hindu 5 May 2012. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Ganguly P. "Designer Nachiket Barve's success path." (http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-designer-nachiket-barves-success-path-1355665) Daily News and Analysis India.com 5 March 2010. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Sabyasachi a melting pot for fashion in India." (https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/07/style/07iht-wind.1.11723332.html?_r=0) The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) 7 July 2008. Accessed 13 December 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Mishra M. "Rendezvous with Carine Roitfeld." (http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-rendezvous-with-carine-roitfeld-1897554) Daily News and Analysis India.com 3 October 2013. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Contemporary Indian Fashion. Damiani ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978 88 6208 100 9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978%2B88%2B6208%2B100%2B9) Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Nachiket Barve and Anita Dongre appreciated in Argentina." (https://web.archive.org/web/20151121200818/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Layout/Includes/EDU/ArtWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=EDU&BaseHref=TOIM%2F2010%2F04%2F03&ViewMode=HTML&PageLabel=33&EntityId=Ar03303&AppName=1) Times of India.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Hemrajani R. "Indian Designers at Coterie." (http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-indian-designers-at-coterie-1174924) Daily News and Analysis India.com 1 July 2008. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Earthen Symphony." (http://www.asianpaints.com:8094/CQ/wordpress/?p=8850) Asian paints.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "James Brown collaborates with India’s rising fashion stars at the Alchemist Cobra Catwalk show 2012." (http://www.jamesbrownlondon.com/james-brown-collaborates-with-indias-rising-fashion-stars-at-the-alchemist-cobra-catwalk-show-2012) James Brown London.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "London Eye." (http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/london-eye/934140/) Indian Express.com 9 April 2012. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Nachiket Barve." (http://www.firstpost.com/topic/person/nachiket-barve-strand-of-silk-interviews-indian-fashion-designer-nachiket-barve-video-5JuTjFtZQpk-51079-1.html) Firstpost.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Nachiket Barve." (http://www.firstpost.com/topic/person/nachiket-barve-blenders-pride-magical-nights-music-cds-presents-designer-d-video-7Z__ntvPYO8-51079-1.html) Firstpost.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Thacker S. "Nachiket Barve Turns 5." (http://www.vogue.in/content/nachiket-barve-turns-5) Vogue.in 25 April 2012. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Nachiket Barve." (http://www.firstpost.com/topic/person/nachiket-barve-caravan-a-le-15-patisserie-nachiket-barve-collaboration-video-k8Rz1Fhb9os-51079-1.html) Firstpost.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Sweet Little things." (http://www.livemint.com/Multimedia/ZDwyrBsHQjO3HIVpqtpQQK/Slideshow--Sweet-little-things.html) Livemint.com 16 July 2014. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "New clans on the Bollywood block." (http://www.mid-day.com/articles/new-clans-on-the-bollywood-block/15222069) Mid-day.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Fresh Forecast: Wills Lifestyle India Fashion Week spring-summer 2013." (http://www.financialexpress.com/story-print/1180101) Financialexpress.com 9 October 2013. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Nachiket Barve Designer Collection." (http://www.perniaspopupshop.com/designers-1/nachiket-barve) Perniaspopupshop.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Rent Dresses by Nachiket Barve." (https://www.renttherunway.com/designer_detail/nachiketbarve) Rent The Runway. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Nachiket Barve Fashion Designer Profile." (http://www.bharattextile.com/features/wills-lifestyle-india-fashion-week/2013/autumn-winter/profiles/nachiket-barve.html) Bharattextile.com 2013. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "WIFW '14: Nachiket Barve's tribute to Maori culture." (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/photo-stories/photos-inactive/WIFW-14-Nachiket-Barves-tribute-to-Maori-culture/photostory/33181265.cms) Timesofindia.indiatimes.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-26) Lakhani S. "Wizards of Art." (http://m.indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/wizards-of-art/2021868/) India Express.com 20 March 2014. Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Wifw 2014 Day 2 maia by Nachiket Barve." (http://www.samachar.com/wifw-2014-day-2-maia-by-nachiket-barve-od1uK9cghfc.html) Samachar.com 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Like last year, Nachiket was great, but we're greedy." (http://www.mid-day.com/articles/like-last-year-nachiket-was-great-but-were-greedy/39098) Mid-day.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Nachiket flirts with sinister textures again." (http://www.mid-day.com/articles/nachiket-flirts-with-sinister-textures-again/74286) Mid-day.com Accessed 20 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Anupama goes middle-east, Nachiket travels South America." (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/shows/Anupama-goes-middle-east-Nachiket-travels-South-America/articleshow/16736307.cms) The Times of India.com 13 February 2013. Accessed 20 July 2014. External links [ edit ] Nachiket Barve (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10253565/) on IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐75854f7f49‐b9ph5 Cached time: 20240722061703 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.250 seconds Real time usage: 0.324 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2229/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6738/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1623/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20167/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.113/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3163753/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 297.342 1 -total 40.05% 119.078 1 Template:Infobox_person 27.02% 80.335 1 Template:Reflist 20.78% 61.783 1 Template:Short_description 18.79% 55.859 1 Template:ISBN 16.12% 47.936 1 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 12.76% 37.946 2 Template:Pagetype 9.96% 29.601 18 Template:Main_other 9.59% 28.502 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 5.22% 15.516 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:42919920-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722061703 and revision id 1220080558. 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Hairdressing magazine For the article about styling hair, see Hairstyle (/wiki/Hairstyle) . Hairstyles International edition cover Editor Juan Prat Categories Professional hairdressing magazine Frequency Monthly Publisher Ediciones Prensa y Video, Barcelona First issue February 1969 Country Spain (/wiki/Spain) Based in Barcelona (/wiki/Barcelona) , Catalonia (/wiki/Catalonia) Language Spanish, English, Italian, French, Serbian, Turkish Hairstyles is a title used for international editions of a professional hairdressing (/wiki/Hairdressing) magazine originally published in Barcelona (/wiki/Barcelona) , Catalonia (/wiki/Catalonia) , Spain (/wiki/Spain) , under the name Peluquerias . [ citation needed ] Peluquerias is a monthly magazine that has been published since February 1969. Among other licensed editions, the Serbian edition named Hairstyles na srpskom has been published since June 2002 as a bimonthly edition. As of 2009, under the name Hairstyles , there are local editions in Serbia, [1] (#cite_note-1) Argentina, Italy [2] (#cite_note-2) and Turkey. [3] (#cite_note-3) Beside that, in past there were editions in Mexico, Dominican Republic and Croatia, but they ended with their publishing. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Serbian publisher: Ikomo d.o.o." (https://web.archive.org/web/20090529070800/http://www.ikomo.co.rs/) Archived from the original (http://www.ikomo.co.rs/) on 2009-05-29 . Retrieved 2009-06-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Italian publisher: Teleservice Editrice srl (http://www.teleservicesrl.com) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090818143332/http://www.teleservicesrl.com/) 18 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Turkish publisher: Refleks reklammcilik yayincilik (http://www.refleksyayincilik.com) [ permanent dead link ] This fashion magazine or journal-related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hairstyles_(magazine)&action=edit) . See tips for writing articles about magazines (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Magazines/Writing_guide) . 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American designer Colm Dillane Born New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) Education New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) ( BS (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science) ) [ citation needed ] Occupations Designer Entrepreneur Years active 2010–Present Website https://kidsuper.com (https://kidsuper.com) Colm Dillane , also known as KidSuper, is an American artist, fashion designer, and musician. He is the founder of KidSuper, a streetwear clothing brand based in Brooklyn, New York. In January 2023, Dillane creative directed Louis Vuitton's (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) men's fashion show. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life and education [ edit ] Colm Dillane was born and grew up in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . His parents are of Irish (/wiki/Ireland) and Spanish (/wiki/Spain) origins. [ citation needed ] He went to New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) where he studied and earned a Bachelors of Science (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science) in mathematics (/wiki/Mathematics) [ citation needed ] , and played midfielder for the men's soccer team. [4] (#cite_note-4) Career [ edit ] Dillane founded KidSuper in the early 2010s, which started as a small hobby project from his parents' basement. The brand is often inspired by Dillane's own experiences and world views. [ citation needed ] Beyond fashion, Dillane has also ventured into various art projects, exhibiting his work in several galleries and collaborating with other artists. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Dillane's has worked with various artists, both as a producer and sometimes as a performer, and with brands, musicians, athletes, and other public figures. [7] (#cite_note-7) Collaboration with Louis Vuitton (LVMH) [ edit ] Dillane has collaborated with the luxury fashion house, Louis Vuitton, part of the LVMH conglomerate. This collaboration was unveiled in anticipation of a Louis Vuitton menswear show, which showcased designs from the joint venture. [8] (#cite_note-8) Dillane's stint with Louis Vuitton was characterized by a symbiotic relationship with the LV design studio. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Recognition [ edit ] Dillane's approach to fashion and design has garnered attention from major publications and figures in the fashion industry [ clarification needed ] . [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Behind the Scenes of Louis Vuitton's Menswear Experiment, Starring Rosalía" (https://www.gq.com/gallery/louis-vuitton-fall-winter-2023) . GQ . 2023-01-20 . Retrieved 2023-09-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Trebay, Guy (2023-01-10). "Has Vuitton Found Virgil Abloh's Successor in KidSuper?" (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/10/style/kidsuper-louis-vuitton.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2023-09-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Super Surprise: Why Louis Vuitton Chose Kidsuper to Co-create Next Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/article/super-surprise-why-louis-vuitton-chose-kidsuper-to-co-create-next-menswear-collection) . Vogue . 2023-01-10 . Retrieved 2023-09-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Colm Dillane - 2013 - Men's Soccer" (https://gonyuathletics.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/colm-dillane/7276) . NYU Athletics . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "CFDA" (https://cfda.com/news/then-vs-now-colm-dillane-is-reinvigorated-by-fashion) . cfda.com . Retrieved 2023-09-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "How to Be KidSuper" (https://hypebeast.com/2023/6/how-to-be-kidsuper-colm-dillane-fashion-interview) . Hypebeast . 2023-06-21 . Retrieved 2023-09-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Takanashi, Lei. "Colm Dillane of KidSuper Talks Collaborations With Superplastic and Louis Vuitton" (https://www.complex.com/style/a/lei-takanashi/kidsuper-colm-dillane-superplastic-louis-vuitton-collabs) . Complex . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Trebay, Guy (2023-01-10). "Has Vuitton Found Virgil Abloh's Successor in KidSuper?" (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/10/style/kidsuper-louis-vuitton.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Super Surprise: Why Louis Vuitton Chose Kidsuper to Co-create Next Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/article/super-surprise-why-louis-vuitton-chose-kidsuper-to-co-create-next-menswear-collection) . Vogue . 2023-01-10 . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Ahmed, Osman. "Louis Vuitton's colourful ode to the imaginary was soundtracked by Rosalía" (https://i-d.vice.com/en/article/g5v794/louis-vuitton-mens-aw23-review) . i-d.vice.com . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) " (https://www.vogue.com/article/kidsuper-colm-dillane-fall-2023-preview) "My Ideas are Limitless"—Catching up With Colm Dillane Ahead of His KidSuper Comedy Runway Show in Paris" (https://www.vogue.com/article/kidsuper-colm-dillane-fall-2023-preview) . Vogue . 2023-01-21 . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "CFDA" (https://cfda.com/news/the-2023-cfda-fashion-awards-presented-by-amazon-fashion-nominees-honorees) . cfda.com . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . This biographical article related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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1917 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1917) 1918 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1918) 1919 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1919) 1920 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1920) 1921 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1921) 1922 1923 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1923) 1924 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1924) 1925 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1925) 1926 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1926) 1927 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1927) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐bbb5c5448‐lhz45 Cached time: 20240718083220 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.093 seconds Real time usage: 0.170 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 38/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1906/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3073/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.069/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933335/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 161.358 1 Template:Navseasoncats 100.00% 161.358 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54604312-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718083220 and revision id 974956864. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1922" The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Akris (/wiki/Akris) Allen Edmonds (/wiki/Allen_Edmonds) Anello & Davide (/wiki/Anello_%26_Davide) B Brine (brand) (/wiki/Brine_(brand)) H Hield (/wiki/Hield) M Maidenform (/wiki/Maidenform) P Philippe et Gaston (/wiki/Philippe_et_Gaston) Pronovias (/wiki/Pronovias) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1922&oldid=974956864 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1922&oldid=974956864) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1920s fashion (/wiki/Category:1920s_fashion) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Design companies established in 1922 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1922) Manufacturing companies established in 1922 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1922) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century)
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(Redirected from Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana (/w/index.php?title=Laksmi_Shari_De-Neefe_Suardana&redirect=no) ) Indonesian author, fashion designer, Miss Universe Indonesia 2022. In this article, the surname (/wiki/Surname) is Suardana, her Balinese (/wiki/Balinese_name) patronymic surname (/wiki/Patronymic_surname) ; De-Neefe is her Australian matronymic surname (/wiki/Matronymic_surname) . Laksmi De-Neefe Suardana ᬮᬓ᭄ᬱ᭄ᬫᬶᬰᬭᬶᬤᬾᬦᬾᬏᬧ᬴ᬾᬲᬸᬯᬃᬤᬦ Suardana as the G20 Ambassador (/wiki/2022_G20_Bali_summit) in Merdeka Palace (/wiki/Merdeka_Palace) on 31 May 2022 Born Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana ( 1996-01-29 ) 29 January 1996 (age 28) Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Australia Alma mater Polimoda (/wiki/Polimoda) ( BBA in Fashion Business (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Business) ) RMIT University (/wiki/RMIT_University) ( B.Des. in Fashion Design (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Design) ) Monash College (/wiki/Monash_College) ( Diploma of Arts (/wiki/Diploma) ) Height 1.76 m (5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) [1] (#cite_note-height-1-1) [2] (#cite_note-height-2-2) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Puteri Indonesia Bali 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Puteri Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Miss Universe Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) Hair color Black [ citation needed ] Eye color Dark Brown [ citation needed ] Major competition(s) Puteri Bali 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) (Winner) Puteri Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) (Winner) Miss Universe 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) (Unplaced) Signature Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana ( Balinese (/wiki/Balinese_language) : ᬮᬓ᭄ᬱ᭄ᬫᬶᬰᬭᬶᬤᬾᬦᬾᬏᬧ᬴ᬾᬲᬸᬯᬃᬤᬦ ), simply known as Laksmi De-Neefe Suardana , is an Indonesian fashion designer, author, UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) activist, 2022 G20 Ambassador (/wiki/2022_G20_Bali_summit) , co-founder of Ubud Writers and Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_and_Readers_Festival) , model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Puteri Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) . Suardana is the first representative from Bali (/wiki/Bali) to be crowned Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) . She represented Indonesia at Miss Universe 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) . Early life and education [ edit ] Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) founders, Suardana (left), together with her mother Janet De-Neefe (center) and her sister Dewi De-Neefe (right) on 6 October 2018 in Besakih Temple (/wiki/Besakih_Temple) - Bali (/wiki/Bali) . Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana was born on 29 January 1996 in Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Australia, to an Australian mother, Janet De-Neefe, and a Balinese (/wiki/Balinese_people) father, Ketut Suardana. [3] (#cite_note-3) [ better source needed ] She was raised in Ubud (/wiki/Ubud) , a village located in Gianyar Regency (/wiki/Gianyar_Regency) , Bali, Indonesia. She has three siblings. [4] (#cite_note-bio1-4) [5] (#cite_note-bio2-5) She is also the granddaughter of Australian business tycoon, John De-Neefe. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Her name was inspired from Lakshmi (/wiki/Lakshmi) , a Hindu (/wiki/Hindus) goddess known for her power to turn dreams into reality. [4] (#cite_note-bio1-4) [5] (#cite_note-bio2-5) Suardana speaks Indonesian (/wiki/Indonesian_language) , Balinese (/wiki/Balinese_language) , English, Italian, Spanish and French. She learnt Italian while studying and working as a fashion designer in Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Italy. [8] (#cite_note-8) Laksmi received a diploma of arts (/wiki/Diploma) from Monash College (/wiki/Monash_College) in 2013. She then completed her double degree (/wiki/Double_degree) program, bachelor of design (/wiki/Bachelor_of_design) in fashion design from RMIT University (/wiki/RMIT_University) in Australia and bachelor of business (/wiki/Bachelor_of_business) in fashion from Polimoda (/wiki/Polimoda) , a private fashion school in Italy. She graduated with summa cum-laude (/wiki/Latin_honors) . [9] (#cite_note-ta_2022-06-04-9) [4] (#cite_note-bio1-4) [5] (#cite_note-bio2-5) Career [ edit ] In 2018, Laksmi took part as an activist and contributor for UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) 's Voices of Youth (/wiki/Voices_of_Youth) . [10] (#cite_note-10) She now actively promotes literacy and literature engagement in the society as her advocacy, knowing that the interest in writing and reading books in Indonesia is still low. Beside that, she also volunteers to teach English for a non-governmental organization in Bali. [5] (#cite_note-bio2-5) [11] (#cite_note-bio3-11) [12] (#cite_note-bio4-12) On 31 May 2022, Suardana together with her fellow Puteri Indonesia 2022 winners, Cindy May McGuire (/wiki/Cindy_May_McGuire) and Adinda Cresheilla (/wiki/Adinda_Cresheilla) , were appointed as the 2022 G20 Ambassadors (/wiki/2022_G20_Bali_summit) [ specify ] by the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo (/wiki/Joko_Widodo) , at the Merdeka Palace (/wiki/Merdeka_Palace) , [13] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-1-13) [14] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-2-14) as part of the Indonesian presidency at the upcoming 17th meeting of the G20 (/wiki/G20) in Bali, [15] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-3-15) [16] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-4-16) where the ambassadors also accompanied by Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy (/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism_and_Creative_Economy) , Sandiaga Uno (/wiki/Sandiaga_Uno) . [17] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-5-17) [18] (#cite_note-G20_Ambassador-6-18) Laksmi (center), talks on Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) 2022 event, together with minister of education, culture, research, and technology of Indonesia (/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Research_and_Technology_(Indonesia)) - Nadiem Makarim (/wiki/Nadiem_Makarim) (left). Ubud Writers & Readers Festival [ edit ] Main article: Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) The Ubud Writers & Readers Festival was first conceived by Suardana, together with her parents Janet DeNeefe and Ketut Suardana as a healing project in response to the first 2002 Bali bombings. It has to grown from a very small festival to the largest literary festival in Southeast Asia. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) In 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , Suardana created the Ubud Writers & Readers Fest IG Live Book Club. [11] (#cite_note-bio3-11) Suardana was appointed the festival's official ambassador by Yayasan Mudra Swari Saraswati in 2023 in conjunction with the celebration of the festival's twentieth anniversary. [21] (#cite_note-21) Pageantry [ edit ] Suardana (second from the right) together with Puteri Indonesia 2022 winners and Miss Universe 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2021) , Harnaaz Sandhu (/wiki/Harnaaz_Sandhu) , visiting Merdeka Palace on 31 May 2022. Puteri Bali 2022 [ edit ] In January 2022, she competed for the title of Puteri Bali 2022 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_Bali) through an open audition in Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta) , ended up winning the title. [22] (#cite_note-Puteri_Bali_2022_(4)-22) [23] (#cite_note-Puteri_Bali_2022_(5)-23) Puteri Indonesia 2022 [ edit ] Suardana (middle) being crowned as Puteri Indonesia 2022, together with Puan Maharani (/wiki/Puan_Maharani) and Putri Kuswisnuwardhani (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putri_Kuswisnuwardhani) . As the winner of Puteri Bali 2022, Suardana represented Bali at Puteri Indonesia 2022 held at the Jakarta Convention Center (/wiki/Jakarta_Convention_Center) , Jakarta, Indonesia, on 27 May 2022. [24] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(1)-24) [25] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(2)-25) Originally, she wore the sash of Bali 1 since there was another candidate from Bali, Jazmine Callista Seymour Rowe (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazmine_Rowe) , who was publicly voted as one of the official candidates. However, she changed her sash into Bali before the pre-quarantine since Jazmine decided to withdraw for unknown reason. [26] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(3)-26) During the finale, Suardana was asked by Putri Kuswisnuwardhani (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putri_Kuswisnuwardhani) whether she has any experiences that she would like to change. She answered: I don't have any experience in my life that I regret however bad it is. I believe that the Universe has made plans for me, and it has helped me grow into a stronger, wiser, and more righteous person. And that is why I can stand here in front of you tonight because of all the experience that has taught me, and it made me a new person and I am courageous, and I know I can conquer anything. Thank you. [27] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(4)-27) At the end of the coronation night, Suardana successfully defeated other 43 delegates from across Indonesia, being the first Balinese (/wiki/Balinese_people) to win Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) . [28] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(5)-28) [29] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(6)-29) She was crowned as Puteri Indonesia 2022 by the outgoing titleholder, Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri (/wiki/Ayu_Maulida) of East Java (/wiki/East_Java) . [30] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(7)-30) [31] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(8)-31) Suardana was crowned along with her fellow Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) queens, Cindy May McGuire (/wiki/Cindy_May_McGuire) and Adinda Cresheilla (/wiki/Adinda_Cresheilla) . [32] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(9)-32) [33] (#cite_note-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(10)-33) Miss Universe 2022 [ edit ] As the winner of Puteri Indonesia 2022, Suardana represented Indonesia at the 71st edition (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) of the Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) competition, [34] (#cite_note-Miss_Universe_2022_(1)-34) [35] (#cite_note-Miss_Universe_2022_(2)-35) [36] (#cite_note-Miss_Universe_2022_(3)-36) but was unplaced. [37] (#cite_note-Miss_Universe_2022_(4)-37) Filmography [ edit ] Together with her older sister, Dewi De-Neefe, Suardana started her acting career as an extra in the film of Elizabeth Gilbert (/wiki/Elizabeth_Gilbert) 's book entitled Eat Pray Love (/wiki/Eat_Pray_Love) in 2010 by Columbia Pictures (/wiki/Columbia_Pictures) and Plan B Entertainment (/wiki/Plan_B_Entertainment) . [38] (#cite_note-Eat_Pray_Love-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) [4] (#cite_note-bio1-4) Gallery [ edit ] Suardana speaks as the 2022 G20 Ambassador (/wiki/G20) at the Merdeka Palace (/wiki/Merdeka_Palace) , Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta) on 30 May 2022. Suardana (right) at the 2022 Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) opening ceremony. [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) [42] (#cite_note-42) Suardana parades in a Wayang Golek (/wiki/Wayang_Golek) themed costume during the Jember Fashion Carnaval 2022 (/wiki/Jember_Fashion_Carnaval) in East Java (/wiki/East_Java) , Indonesia [43] (#cite_note-43) Suardana (crowned left) together with Puteri Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Queens and Miss Universe 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2021) , Harnaaz Sandhu (/wiki/Harnaaz_Sandhu) of India; meeting with President of The Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo (/wiki/Joko_Widodo) in Merdeka Palace, Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta) on 30 May 2022. See also [ edit ] Indonesia portal (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Laksmi De-Neefe Suardana . Puteri Indonesia 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Miss Universe 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) Cindy May McGuire (/wiki/Cindy_May_McGuire) Adinda Cresheilla (/wiki/Adinda_Cresheilla) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-height-1_1-0) "Biodata dan Profil Laksmi De Neefe: Umur, Agama dan Keturunan, Wanita Bali Pemenang Puteri Indonesia 2022" (https://www.rctiplus.com/news/detail/seleb/2430108/biodata-dan-profil-laksmi-de-neefe-umur-agama-dan-keturunan-wanita-bali-pemenang-puteri-indonesia-2022) . RCTI (/wiki/RCTI) (in Indonesian). 28 May 2022 . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-height-2_2-0) "Profil Biodata Laksmi De Neefe Suardana Juara Puteri Indonesia 2022 Lengkap, Umur, Asal hingga Instagram" (https://www.jatengnews.id/profil-biodata-laksmi-de-neefe-suardana-juara-puteri-indonesia-2022-lengkap-umur-asal-hingga-instagram/) . Jawa Tengah News (/wiki/Jawa_Tengah) (in Indonesian). 28 May 2022 . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ian Lloyd Neubauer (18 July 2019). "Eating out with the grand dame of Balinese cuisine" (https://www.afr.com/life-and-luxury/food-and-wine/eating-out-with-the-grand-dame-of-balinese-cuisine-20190710-p525u5) . Australian Financial Review (/wiki/Australian_Financial_Review) . Retrieved 30 June 2022 . ^ a b c d Yefta Christopherus Asia Sanjaya (28 May 2022). Wisnubrata (ed.). "Ini Profil Puteri Indonesia 2022 Laksmi Shari De Neefe Suardana" (https://www.solopos.com/ini-profil-puteri-indonesia-2022-laksmi-shari-de-neefe-suardana-1326894) . Solopos (/wiki/Solopos) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ a b c d "Berkenalan dengan Laksmi Suardana, Puteri Indonesia 2022" (https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20220528000534-277-802063/berkenalan-dengan-laksmi-suardana-puteri-indonesia-2022) . CNN Indonesia (/wiki/CNN_Indonesia) (in Indonesian). 28 May 2022 . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "De NEEFE.— John" (https://www.heraldsun.com.au/tributes/notice/death-notices/de-neefe-john/3279789/) . Herald Sun (/wiki/Herald_Sun) . 5 July 2019 . Retrieved 30 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "De NEEFE.— John" (https://www.cairnspost.com.au/tributes/notice/death-notices/de-neefe-john/3279789/) . The Cairns Post (/wiki/The_Cairns_Post) . 5 July 2019 . Retrieved 30 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Novita Siaul (8 June 2022). "Kenal Lebih Dekat Laksmi Shari De Neefe, Puteri Indonesia 2022, Jago 4 Bahasa dan Blasteran Australia" (https://video.grid.id/amp/403318395/kenal-lebih-dekat-laksmi-shari-de-neefe-puteri-indonesia-2022-jago-4-bahasa-dan-blasteran-australia) . Grid Network (https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_Network) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 8 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-ta_2022-06-04_9-0) Hodge, Amanda (4 June 2022). "Bali buoyed by the beauty of family" (https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/bali-buoyed-by-the-beauty-of-family/news-story/98d8af773803f567089dca7719a29600) . The Weekend Australian (/wiki/The_Weekend_Australian) . Retrieved 12 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Laksmi De-Neefe Suardana (28 August 2019). "Before it's too late: Ubud tourism" (https://www.voicesofyouth.org/blog/its-too-late-ubud-tourism) . UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) 's Voices of Youth (/wiki/Voices_of_Youth) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ a b "Laksmi Deneefe Suardana" (https://www.ubudwritersfestival.com/writers/laksmi-deneefe-suardana/) . Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (/wiki/Ubud_Writers_%26_Readers_Festival) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-bio4_12-0) Ilham Safutra (30 May 2022). "Laksmi Shari De Neefe Suardana: Satu Buku Tiap Satu Minggu" (https://www.jawapos.com/entertainment/30/05/2022/laksmi-shari-de-neefe-suardana-satu-buku-tiap-satu-minggu/) . Jawa Pos (/wiki/Jawa_Pos) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-1_13-0) "Presiden Jokowi Terima Kunjungan Puteri Indonesia 2022 dan Miss Universe 2021" (https://www.presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/presiden-jokowi-terima-kunjungan-puteri-indonesia-2022-dan-miss-universe-2021/) . President of the Republic of Indonesia (/wiki/President_of_Indonesia) (in Indonesian). 30 May 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-2_14-0) Gilang Galiartha (30 May 2022). "Presiden Jokowi libatkan Puteri Indonesia 2022 promosikan G20" (https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2909141/presiden-jokowi-libatkan-puteri-indonesia-2022-promosikan-g20) . Antara (news agency) (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-3_15-0) Saud Rosadi (30 May 2022). "President Jokowi Asks Miss Indonesia 2022 to be involved in the G20 Summit Event in Bali" (https://www.niaga.asia/presiden-jokowi-minta-puteri-indonesia-2022-terlibat-dalam-event-ktt-g20-di-bali/) . CIMB Niaga (/wiki/CIMB_Niaga) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-4_16-0) Dhimas Ginanjar (31 May 2022). "Presiden Jokowi Gandeng Para Puteri untuk G20" (https://www.jawapos.com/nasional/31/05/2022/presiden-jokowi-gandeng-para-puteri-untuk-g20/) . Jawa Pos (/wiki/Jawa_Pos) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 31 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-5_17-0) "Miss Indonesia 2022 Help Promote Indonesia At The G20 Summit" (https://web.archive.org/web/20221106184037/https://voi.id/en/amp/173339/miss-indonesia-2022-help-promote-indonesia-at-the-g20-summit) . VOI.id (in Indonesian). 30 May 2022. Archived from the original (https://voi.id/en/amp/173339/miss-indonesia-2022-help-promote-indonesia-at-the-g20-summit) on 6 November 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-G20_Ambassador-6_18-0) Sri Haryati (30 May 2022). "Miss Indonesia 2022 to become involved in G20 promotion: President" (https://en.antaranews.com/amp/news/231713/miss-indonesia-2022-to-become-involved-in-g20-promotion-president) . Antara (news agency) (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "What to expect at Southeast Asia's biggest festival of words and ideas" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181011120908/https://asiancorrespondent.com/2018/10/ubud-writers-readers-festival-2018-what-to-expect/) . Asian Correspondent (/wiki/Asian_Correspondent) . Archived from the original (https://asiancorrespondent.com/2018/10/ubud-writers-readers-festival-2018-what-to-expect/) on 11 October 2018 . Retrieved 26 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Delaney, Brigid. "The show goes on: Ubud writers festival to bring big names to Bali as Mount Agung rumbles" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/06/the-show-goes-on-ubud-writers-festival-to-bring-big-names-to-bali-as-mount-agung-settles) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Retrieved 26 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Laksmi Deneefe Suardana: Official Ambassador & Main Program Reveal" (https://ubud-writers.dev.fleava.com/news/yayasan-mudra-swari-saraswati-appoints-laksmi-deneefe-suardana-as-festival-ambassador-announces-the-festivals-20th-anniversary-main-program-lineup) . uwf . Retrieved 2024-02-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Bali_2022_(4)_22-0) Gustra (21 February 2022). "Laksmi SDS Terpilih Wakili Putri Bali dalam Ajang PPI 2022" (http://www.bm-news.com/headlines/laksmi-sds-terpilih-wakili-putri-bali-dalam-ajang-ppi-2022-) . Bali Post Media Group (/wiki/Bali_Post_Media_Group) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Bali_2022_(5)_23-0) Cecep Burdansyah (22 February 2022). "Putri Bali Laksmi Siap Bertarung ke Ajang Putri Nasional Tahun 2022, Cok Ace Beri Wejangan" (https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2022/02/22/putri-bali-laksmi-siap-bertarung-ke-ajang-putri-nasional-tahun-2022-cok-ace-beri-wejangan) . Tribun Network (/wiki/Tribun_Network) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(1)_24-0) "Cok Ace Terima Audiensi dan Beri Pesan untuk Putri Indonesia Bali" (https://bali.pdiperjuangan.id/artikel/cok-ace-terima-audiensi-dan-beri-pesan-untuk-putri-indonesia-bali-DDfhPgfaDhDD) . Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (/wiki/Indonesian_Democratic_Party_of_Struggle) (in Indonesian). 21 February 2022 . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(2)_25-0) Adi Lazuardi (21 February 2022). "Wagub minta Putri Bali bawa vibrasi positif di ajang Putri Indonesia" (https://bali.antaranews.com/berita/270065/wagub-minta-putri-bali-bawa-vibrasi-positif-di-ajang-putri-indonesia) . Antara (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(3)_26-0) Nur Ana Alana (9 May 2022). "Ini Kata Jazmine Rowe, Wakil Bali yang Mundur Dari Peserta Puteri Indonesia" (https://www.agtvnews.com/nasional/pr-583365994/ini-kata-jazmine-rowe-wakil-bali-yang-mundur-dari-peserta-puteri-indonesia) . Antara (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 28 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(4)_27-0) Daniel Ngantung (28 May 2022). "Pemenang Puteri Indonesia 2022: Laksmi Shari De Neefe dari Bali" (https://wolipop.detik.com/entertainment-news/d-6098809/pemenang-puteri-indonesia-2022-laksmi-shari-de-neefe-dari-bali) . Detik News (/wiki/Detik.com) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 2 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(5)_28-0) "Laksmi De-Neefe Suardana becomes Bali's first Puteri Indonesia" (https://coconuts.co/bali/lifestyle/laksmi-de-neefe-suardana-becomes-balis-first-puteri-indonesia/) . Coconuts Media (/wiki/Coconuts_Media) . 30 May 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(6)_29-0) "Ubud Woman Crowned Miss Indonesia 2022" (https://www.thebalitimes.com/headlines/ubud-woman-crowned-miss-indonesia-2022/) . The Bali Times (/wiki/The_Bali_Times) . 30 May 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(7)_30-0) "5 Fakta Laksmi Shari De Neefe Suardana, Puteri Indonesia 2022" (https://indonesiatatler.com/society/5-fakta-pemenang-puteri-indonesia-2022) . Tatler Indonesia (/wiki/Tatler) (in Indonesian). 31 May 2022 . Retrieved 31 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(8)_31-0) Sri Haryati (28 May 2022). "Miss Indonesia 2022 expresses commitment to promote tourism" (https://en.antaranews.com/news/231517/miss-indonesia-2022-expresses-commitment-to-promote-tourism) . Antara (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(9)_32-0) "Yayasan Puteri Indonesia dan Mustika Ratu Sukses Selenggarakan PPI ke 25 Tahun 2022" (https://www.puteri-indonesia.com/index.php/fr/component/content/article/141-yayasan-puteri-indonesia-dan-mustika-ratu-sukses-selenggarakan-ppi-ke-25-tahun-2022?catid=92&Itemid=542) . Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) (in Indonesian). 31 May 2022 . Retrieved 31 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Puteri_Indonesia_2022_(10)_33-0) "FIA UI Beri Beasiswa Full bagi Puteri Indonesia 2022" (https://fia.ui.ac.id/fia-ui-beri-beasiswa-full-bagi-puteri-indonesia-2022/) . University of Indonesia (/wiki/University_of_Indonesia) (in Indonesian). June 2022 . Retrieved 1 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Miss_Universe_2022_(1)_34-0) "Miss Indonesia 2022, Laksmi Is Ready To Advance To The Miss Universe Event" (https://voi.id/en/lifestyle/173105/puteri-indonesia-2022-laksmi-siap-maju-ke-ajang-miss-universe) . Voice of Indonesia (/wiki/Voice_of_Indonesia) . 30 May 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Miss_Universe_2022_(2)_35-0) "FRONT ROW: Puteri Indonesia Laksmi De Neefe Suardana set to represent Indonesia at Miss Universe 2022" (https://www.thejakartapost.com/amp/front-row/2022/12/22/puteri-indonesia-laksmi-de-neefe-suardana-set-to-represent-indonesia-at-miss-universe-2022.html) . The Jakarta Post (/wiki/The_Jakarta_Post) . December 22, 2022 . Retrieved December 22, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Miss_Universe_2022_(3)_36-0) Katy Gillett (10 July 2022). "Miss Universe 2022 beauty queens crowned: from Ukraine to United Kingdom" (https://www.thenationalnews.com/lifestyle/fashion/2022/06/12/miss-universe-2022-beauty-queens-who-have-already-been-crowned-from-philippines-to-ghana/?outputType=amp) . The National (Abu Dhabi) (/wiki/The_National_(Abu_Dhabi)) . Retrieved 10 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Miss_Universe_2022_(4)_37-0) Chris Barrett (11 January 2023). "Beauty queen takes leaf out of mother's book in Miss Universe bid" (https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/beauty-queen-takes-leaf-out-of-mother-s-book-in-miss-universe-bid-20230109-p5cbe6.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) . Retrieved 11 January 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Eat_Pray_Love_38-0) Nisa Hidayat (27 May 2022). "Profil Laksmi De-Neefe, Puteri Indonesia Bali 2022, Si Cantik Multitalenta dari Tanah Dewata" (https://kedu.pikiran-rakyat.com/seleb/pr-2384580751/profil-laksmi-de-neefe-puteri-indonesia-bali-2022-si-cantik-multitalenta-dari-tanah-dewata) . Pikiran Rakyat (/wiki/Pikiran_Rakyat) (in Indonesian) . Retrieved 27 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Peter Wilmoth (30 May 2022). "Melbourne woman behind the Ubud Writers and Readers Festival" (https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/melbourne-woman-behind-the-ubud-writers-and-readers-festival-20140924-10ldjc.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) . Retrieved 28 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Fight for truth: battling false and misleading information in Southeast Asia and beyond" (https://southeastasiaglobe.com/fight-for-truth-battling-false-and-misleading-information-in-southeast-asia-and-beyond/) . Southeast Asia Globe . 2022-10-18 . Retrieved 2022-11-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) Expat, Indonesia (2022-10-07). "Uniting Humanity Through Ubud Writers & Readers Festival 2022" (https://indonesiaexpat.id/lifestyle/arts-entertainment/uniting-humanity-through-ubud-writers-readers-festival-2022/) . Indonesia Expat (/wiki/Indonesia_Expat) . Retrieved 2022-11-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) " (https://www.thejakartapost.com/culture/2022/10/18/uniting-humanity-at-this-years-ubud-writers-and-readers-festival.html) 'Uniting Humanity' at this year's Ubud Writers and Readers Festival" (https://www.thejakartapost.com/culture/2022/10/18/uniting-humanity-at-this-years-ubud-writers-and-readers-festival.html) . The Jakarta Post (/wiki/The_Jakarta_Post) . Retrieved 2022-11-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Jember Fashion Carnaval 2022 Sukses Jadi Ikon Pemulihan Ekonomi Pelaku Parekraf di Jember" (https://wonderfulimages.kemenparekraf.go.id/read/797/jember-fashion-carnaval-2022-sukses-jadi-ikon-pemulihan-ekonomi-pelaku-parekraf-di-jember) . Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of Indonesia (/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism_and_Creative_Economy) . 7 August 2022. External links [ edit ] Official Puteri Indonesia Official Website (https://web.archive.org/web/20191214192209/http://puteri-indonesia.com/) Official Miss Universe Official Website (https://www.missuniverse.com/) Awards and achievements Preceded by Putu Ayu Saraswati (/wiki/Ayu_Saraswati) Puteri Bali (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_Bali) 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Succeeded by Anak Agung Sagung Istri Nanda Widya Saraswati Preceded by Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri (/wiki/Ayu_Maulida) , East Java Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) Succeeded by Farhana Nariswari Wisandana (/wiki/Farhana_Nariswari_Wisandana) , West Java Preceded by Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri (/wiki/Ayu_Maulida) , East Java Miss Universe Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Universe) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) Succeeded by Fabiënne Nicole Groeneveld (/wiki/Fabi%C3%ABnne_Groeneveld) , Jakarta SCR v t e List of Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) winners Indira Paramarini Sudiro (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Sudiro) ( 1992-93 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_1992) ) Venna Melinda Bruglia (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venna_Melinda) ( 1994 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_1994) ) Susanty Priscilla Adresina Manuhutu (/wiki/Susanty_Manuhutu) ( 1995 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_1995) ) Alya Rohali (/wiki/Alya_Rohali) ( 1996-99 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_1996) ) Bernika Irnadianis Ifada (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernika_Irnadianis_Ifada) ( 2000 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2000) ) Angelina Patricia Pingkan Sondakh (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelina_Sondakh) ( 2001 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2001) ) Melanie Putria Dewita Sari (/wiki/Melanie_Putria_Dewita_Sari) ( 2002 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2002) ) Dian Khrisna (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dian_Khrisna) ( 2003 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2003) ) Artika Sari Devi Kusmayadi (/wiki/Artika_Sari_Devi) ( 2004 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2004) ) Nadine Chandrawinata (/wiki/Nadine_Chandrawinata) ( 2005 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2005) ) Agni Pratistha Arkadewi Kuswardono (/wiki/Agni_Pratistha) ( 2006 (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2006) ) Gracia Putri Raemawasti (/wiki/Putri_Raemawasti_Mulyono) ( 2007 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2007) ) Zivanna Letisha Siregar (/wiki/Zivanna_Letisha_Siregar) ( 2008 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2008) ) Qory Sandioriva (/wiki/Qory_Sandioriva) ( 2009 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2009) ) Nadine Alexandra Dewi Ames (/wiki/Nadine_Alexandra_Dewi_Ames) ( 2010 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2010) ) Maria Selena Nurcahya (/wiki/Maria_Selena_Nurcahya) ( 2011 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2011) ) Whulandary Herman (/wiki/Whulandary_Herman) ( 2012-13 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2012) ) Elvira Devinamira Wirayanti (/wiki/Elvira_Devinamira) ( 2014 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2014) ) Anindya Kusuma Putri (/wiki/Anindya_Kusuma_Putri) ( 2015 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2015) ) Kezia Roslin Cikita Warouw (/wiki/Kezia_Warouw) ( 2016 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2016) ) Bunga Jelitha Ibrani (/wiki/Bunga_Jelitha) ( 2017 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2017) ) Sonia Fergina Citra (/wiki/Sonia_Fergina_Citra) ( 2018 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2018) ) Frederika Alexis Cull (/wiki/Frederika_Alexis_Cull) ( 2019 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2019) ) Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri (/wiki/Ayu_Maulida) ( 2020-2021 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2020) ) Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana ( 2022 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2022) ) Farhana Nariswari Wisandana (/wiki/Farhana_Nariswari) ( 2023 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2023) ) Harashta Haifa Zahra (/wiki/Harashta_Haifa_Zahra) ( 2024 (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia_2024) ) v t e Miss Universe Indonesia titleholders (/wiki/Miss_Universe) Putri Indonesia (1974–1977, 1980, 1982–1983) Nia Kurniasih Ardikoesoema (/wiki/Nia_Kurniasih_Ardikoesoema) ( 1974 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1974) ) Lydia Arlini Wahab (/wiki/Lydia_Arlini_Wahab) ( 1975 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1975) ) Juliarti Rahayu Gunawan (/wiki/Juliarti_Rahayu_Gunawan) ( 1976 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1976) ) Siti Mirza Nuria Arifin (/wiki/Siti_Mirza_Nuria_Arifin) ( 1977 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1977) ) Andi Nana Riwayatie Basoamier (/wiki/Andi_Nana_Riwayatie_Basoamier) ( 1980 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1980) ) Sri Yulianti Soemardjo (/wiki/Sri_Yulianti_Soemardjo) ( 1982 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1982) ) Andi Botenri (/wiki/Andi_Botenri) ( 1983 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1983) ) Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) (1995–1996, 2005–2020, 2022) Susanty Priscilla Adresina Manuhutu (/wiki/Susanty_Manuhutu) ( 1995 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1995) ) Alya Rohali (/wiki/Alya_Rohali) ( 1996 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1996) ) Artika Sari Devi Kusmayadi (/wiki/Artika_Sari_Devi) ( 2005 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2005) ) Nadine Chandrawinata (/wiki/Nadine_Chandrawinata) ( 2006 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Fergina Citra (/wiki/Sonia_Fergina_Citra) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2018) ) Frederika Alexis Cull (/wiki/Frederika_Alexis_Cull) ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) ) Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri (/wiki/Ayu_Maulida) ( 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2020) ) Laksmi Shari De-Neefe Suardana ( 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) ) Miss Universe Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Indonesia) (2023–current) Fabiënne Nicole Groeneveld (/wiki/Fabi%C3%ABnne_Groeneveld) ( 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) ) Miss Universe Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Indonesia) Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) v t e Miss Universe 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) national titleholders ARG : Bárbara Cabrera (/wiki/B%C3%A1rbara_Cabrera) AUS : Monique Riley (/wiki/Monique_Riley) BTN : Tashi Choden (/wiki/Tashi_Choden) BRA : Mia Mamede (/wiki/Mia_Mamede) KHM : Manita Hang (/wiki/Manita_Hang) COL : María Fernanda Aristizábal (/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Fernanda_Aristiz%C3%A1bal) CUR : Gabriëla Dos 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Style of Pants This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Carpenter_jeans) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Carpenter jeans" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Carpenter+jeans%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Carpenter+jeans%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Carpenter+jeans%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Carpenter+jeans%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Carpenter+jeans%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Carpenter+jeans%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Carhartt Carpenter Pants on a Man Kneeing at a show Brown Carpenter Jeans from Dickies Carpenter jeans are jeans (/wiki/Jeans) with many pockets and loops which can be used to carry objects such as tools and are often loose around the leg (/wiki/Human_leg) to be able to accommodate the affixed items. They are often worn by construction workers and carpenters (/wiki/Carpenter) , hence the name, to carry their tools so that their hands can be kept free yet the tools are still easily accessible. Characteristics [ edit ] Carpenter jeans are usually made of denim (/wiki/Denim) , or Canvas (/wiki/Canvas) , and colors may vary; Brown and blue are popular colors. A 'hammer loop' is usually located on the left leg; although this was originally designed with the intention of allowing carpenters to carry tools without the need for a tool belt, [1] (#cite_note-1) most carpenters do not use the loop, because the hammer often falls out or bangs around the leg. [2] (#cite_note-2) Other features include extra pockets, sometimes located on the outer thighs, some might have built-in knee pads for extra safety, and extra rivets for durability. Another feature is wider belt loops, to accommodate a wider, thicker belt (/wiki/Belt_(clothing)) . Because of the weight of the tools carried in the pockets and loops. Most carpenter jeans are made for function, not fashion, and are usually of a softer denim; some might be covered in fleece on the inside. Carpenter Jeans are more comfortable than the original utilitarian jeans, with a looser fit. Carpenter jeans were quite popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s hip hop scene (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) especially those sold by Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) who placed their trademark logo on the hammer loop. See also [ edit ] Cargo pants (/wiki/Cargo_pants) Tactical pants (/wiki/Tactical_pants) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Carpenter vs Cargo Jeans: What's the Difference?" (https://www.makeyourownjeans.com/blog/carpenter-vs-cargo-jeans-whats-the-difference/) . Retrieved 2022-02-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "stupid carpenter pants" (https://www.finehomebuilding.com/forum/stupid-carpenter-pants) . Fine Homebuilding . Retrieved 2022-02-13 . This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Rural people in folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) outside Heddal Stave Church (/wiki/Heddal_Stave_Church) in Telemark (/wiki/Telemark) This is a list of national costumes (/wiki/National_costume) , mainly bunads (/wiki/Bunad) , worn by either members of the Norwegian people (/wiki/Norwegian_people) or members of the Sami people (/wiki/Sami_people) of Norway (/wiki/Norway) or members of the Kven people (/wiki/Kven_people) of Norway. Rural clothes vs. folk costumes [ edit ] Main article: bunad (/wiki/Bunad) Bunad is a Norwegian umbrella term encompassing a range of both traditional rural clothes mostly dating to the 19th and 18th centuries as well as 20th-century folk costumes. In its narrow sense, the word bunad refers only to clothes designed in the early 20th century that are loosely based on traditional costumes. The word bunad is in itself a 20th-century invention. The Sami people use their distinctive traditional costumes, especially on festive occasions. Kven people (/wiki/Kven_people) also have their traditional Finnish (/wiki/Finland) inspired clothing. Bunads by province [ edit ] The term drakt is used for the ensemble of clothing worn by either a man or a woman. In some districts the folk costume will be called drakt , and in other districts the term bunad has taken precedence. Østfold [ edit ] Østfoldbunad (/w/index.php?title=%C3%98stfoldbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Løkendrakt (/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B8kendrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Smaalenenes mannsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Smaalenenes_mannsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) (male costume from the district of Smaalenene (/wiki/Smaalenene) Fredrikstaddrakt (/w/index.php?title=Fredrikstaddrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Eidsbergdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Eidsbergdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Hobøldrakt (/w/index.php?title=Hob%C3%B8ldrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Hvalerdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Hvalerdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Mossedrakt (/w/index.php?title=Mossedrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Festdrakt til Østfoldrosen (/w/index.php?title=Festdrakt_til_%C3%98stfoldrosen&action=edit&redlink=1) Oslo and Akershus [ edit ] Romeriksbunad (/w/index.php?title=Romeriksbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Hurdalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Hurdalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Eidsvollsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Eidsvollsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Lillestrømsdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Lillestr%C3%B8msdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Follobunad (/w/index.php?title=Follobunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Bærumsbunad (/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A6rumsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Askerbunad (/w/index.php?title=Askerbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Akerdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Akerdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Oslodrakt (/w/index.php?title=Oslodrakten&action=edit&redlink=1) Sørkedalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8rkedalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Hedmark [ edit ] Hedmarksbunad (/w/index.php?title=Hedmarksbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Vallsetbunad (/w/index.php?title=Vallsetbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Østerdalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=%C3%98sterdalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Sør-Østerdalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8r-%C3%98sterdalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Nord-Østerdalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Nord-%C3%98sterdalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Kviknebunad (/w/index.php?title=Kviknebunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Folldalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Folldalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Dalåsstakk (/w/index.php?title=Dal%C3%A5sstakk&action=edit&redlink=1) Lødrupbunad (/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B8drupbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Maria Aaen-bunad (/w/index.php?title=Maria_Aaen-bunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Alvdalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Alvdalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Trysilbunad (/w/index.php?title=Trysilbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Solør og Odalsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Sol%C3%B8r_og_Odalsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Finnskogsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Finnskogsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Lundebydrakt (/w/index.php?title=Lundebydrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Vålerdrakt (/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A5lerdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Brattfossdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Brattfossdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Lunderseterdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Lunderseterdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Hedemarksbunad – 1955 – modell (/w/index.php?title=Hedemarksbunad_%E2%80%93_1955_%E2%80%93_modell&action=edit&redlink=1) Hedemarksbunad – 1985 – modell (/w/index.php?title=Hedemarksbunad_%E2%80%93_1985_%E2%80%93_modell&action=edit&redlink=1) Rekonstruert kvinnebunad fra Hedemarken (/w/index.php?title=Rekonstruert_kvinnebunad_fra_Hedemarken&action=edit&redlink=1) Oppland [ edit ] Gudbrandsdalsbunad (/wiki/Gudbrandsdalsbunad) Lesjabunad (/w/index.php?title=Lesjabunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Grafferbunad (/w/index.php?title=Grafferbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Gausdalsbundad (/w/index.php?title=Gausdalsbundad&action=edit&redlink=1) Dovrebunad (/w/index.php?title=Dovrebunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Jordebunad (/w/index.php?title=Jordebunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Lillehammerbunad (/w/index.php?title=Lillehammerbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Hadelandsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Hadelandsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Totendrakt (/w/index.php?title=Totendrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Vestopplandbunad (/w/index.php?title=Vest-Opplandbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Valdresbunad (/w/index.php?title=Valdresbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Etnedalskjolen (/w/index.php?title=Etnedalskjolen&action=edit&redlink=1) Rondastakk og rutaliv (/w/index.php?title=Rondastakk_og_rutaliv&action=edit&redlink=1) Trykktykjol (/w/index.php?title=Trykktykjol&action=edit&redlink=1) Gudbrandsdalens mannsbunad (/w/index.php?title=Gudbrandsdalens_mannsbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Kvinnebunad fra Gudbransdalen (/w/index.php?title=Kvinnebunad_fra_Gudbransdalen&action=edit&redlink=1) Gudbrandsdalens festbunad (/w/index.php?title=Gudbrandsdalens_festbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Damask-kjol (/w/index.php?title=Damask-kjol&action=edit&redlink=1) 1700-talls mannsbunad og kvinnebunad fra Gudbransdalen (/w/index.php?title=1700-talls_mannsbunad_og_kvinnebunad_fra_Gudbransdalen&action=edit&redlink=1) Landingsdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Landingsdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Totendrakt (/w/index.php?title=Totendrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Den gamle Valdresbunaden (/w/index.php?title=Den_gamle_Valdresbunaden&action=edit&redlink=1) Den nye Valdresbunaden (/w/index.php?title=Den_nye_Valdresbunaden&action=edit&redlink=1) Rutastakken fra Valdres (/w/index.php?title=Rutastakken_fra_Valdres&action=edit&redlink=1) Mannsbunad fra Valdres (/w/index.php?title=Mannsbunad_fra_Valdres&action=edit&redlink=1) Buskerud [ edit ] Stakker fra Hallingdal (/w/index.php?title=Stakker_fra_Hallingdal&action=edit&redlink=1) Mannsbunad fra Hallingdal (/w/index.php?title=Mannsbunad_fra_Hallingdal&action=edit&redlink=1) Festbunad fra Nedre Hallingdal (/w/index.php?title=Festbunad_fra_Nedre_Hallingdal&action=edit&redlink=1) Brudebunad fra Hallingdal (/w/index.php?title=Brudebunad_fra_Hallingdal&action=edit&redlink=1) Ringeriksbunad (/w/index.php?title=Ringeriksbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Den gamle Ringeriksdrakt (/w/index.php?title=Den_gamle_Ringeriksdrakt&action=edit&redlink=1) Flesbergstakk 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(/w/index.php?title=Senjadrakten&action=edit&redlink=1) Sámi costumes (See also Finnmark) Finnmark [ edit ] Finnmarksbunad (/w/index.php?title=Finnmarksbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) Gákti (/wiki/G%C3%A1kti) / Luhkka (/wiki/Luhkka) (Sámi costumes) Kvendrakta ( Kven (/wiki/Kven_people) costume) Svalbard [ edit ] Svalbardbunad (/w/index.php?title=Svalbardbunad&action=edit&redlink=1) References [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Traditional clothing of Norway (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Traditional_clothing_of_Norway) . http://www.norskebunader.no/en (http://www.norskebunader.no/en) Norske bunader ( + short film at YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Sx0Wr-uT0s) ) Bjørn Sverre Hol Haugen: Norsk bunadleksikon Damm forlag (/w/index.php?title=Damm_forlag&action=edit&redlink=1) 2006 ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788204108197 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788204108197) Husfliden Norske Bunader Husfliden – Norges Husflidslag 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American fashion designer Ouigi Theodore in 2008 Ouigi Theodore (born 1975 or 1976) is an American fashion designer and stylist known particularly for his menswear label Brooklyn Circus . During the late 2000s and early 2010s he was also known as "The Bearded Man" due to his distinctive facial hair. Early life [ edit ] Quincy Ouigi Theodore was born in Port-au-Prince (/wiki/Port-au-Prince) , Haiti [1] (#cite_note-1) in 1975 or 1976. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) When he was eight years old, his family moved to Crown Heights, Brooklyn (/wiki/Crown_Heights,_Brooklyn) . [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) Theodore was brought up by his aunt and his grandmother following the death in 1990 of his mother when he was 15. [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) His aunt traveled often, and Theodore followed her example: he traveled through Europe and Asia. [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) Theodore went to Brooklyn Technical High School (/wiki/Brooklyn_Technical_High_School) , where he dropped his first name to avoid comparisons to Quincy Jones (/wiki/Quincy_Jones) . [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) He graduated with a History degree from Stony Brook University (/wiki/Stony_Brook_University) and went on to study graphic design at the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) , working as a graphic designer and club promoter before deciding to launch his fashion business, Brooklyn Circus. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) He had already tried launching an earlier label, called Race, in 2003, but this was not successful. [4] (#cite_note-hue-4) Career [ edit ] 2008 Brooklyn Circus ensemble worn by the designer, Ouigi Theodore The first Brooklyn Circus opened in Boerum Hill (/wiki/Boerum_Hill) in 2006, selling Theodore's designs under the BKc label, [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) and has been described as a " house-of-prep (/wiki/Preppy) ' for the inner city," in contrast to other streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) brands active at the time. [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) By choosing the word "circus", the intention was to suggest a disciplined traveling community that welcomed outsiders and those living on the edge of mainstream society, rather than catering only to those who fitted in with gangsta (/wiki/Gangsta_rap) and drill rap (/wiki/Drill_rap) influenced style such as baggy jeans (/wiki/Baggy_jeans) and hip-hop sneakers (/wiki/Sneakers) . [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) In a 2011 feature on Brooklyn Circus and its designer, Theodore told The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) that when he went overseas, people would see how he dressed, and tell him that he wasn't "urban" because he didn't look like he listened to hip-hop. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) He also described how others had called his work dandy (/wiki/Dandy) , Anglophile (/wiki/Anglophile) , foppish (/wiki/Fop) and even steampunk (/wiki/Steampunk) , although Theodore considers his work "retro-urban." [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) By then, he had redefined himself as an "idea generator" rather than a designer, employing others to design under his supervision and to manage production and wholesaling. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) By 2011, Brooklyn Circus had a second shop in San Francisco, and had outlets in Chicago and Stockholm, as well as being retailed by 25 shops in Japan. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) Theodore has been recognised as a trend forecaster: he has been consulted by companies such as Hennessy (/wiki/Hennessy) , Toyota (/wiki/Toyota) and G-Shock (/wiki/G-Shock) and he spoke at the PSFK (/wiki/PSFK) conference in New York in 2010. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) Durand Guion, the vice president of fashion for Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) told Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) in 2021 that Brooklyn Circus had a strong aesthetic referencing vintage military styles and "true Americana", and that Theodore was an "amazing storyteller". [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) In 2021 Theodore collaborated with Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) on a capsule clothing collection titled Sun + Stone. [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) The collection was part of the 'Icons of Style' campaign, designed to feature Black American fashion and style-makers, where Theodore and four other Black designers ( Zerina Akers (/wiki/Zerina_Akers) , Misa Hylton (/wiki/Misa_Hylton) , Allen Onyia (/w/index.php?title=Allen_Onyia&action=edit&redlink=1) , and Aminah Abdul Kihad (/w/index.php?title=Aminah_Abdul_Kihad&action=edit&redlink=1) ) had their work manufactured and retailed by Macy's. [6] (#cite_note-6) [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) The Sun + Stone collection is designed in honor of Theodore's family, especially his mother, with military influences and the numbers 1945 and 45 prominently featured (his mother's birth year and the age she was when she died). [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) The Bearded Man [ edit ] In the 2000s, Theodore grew a distinctive horizontal beard, resembling the horn of an anvil (/wiki/Anvil) , which became his trademark and led to his alter ego, "The Bearded Man". [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) He used this title as his handle when posting to his style blog, and was credited under it in print adverts for Bushmills (/wiki/Old_Bushmills_Distillery) , Citizens Bank, and a Tide (/wiki/Tide_(brand)) television advertisement. [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) In 2011, Theodore told the New York Times that he was recognised in the street as "The Bearded Man". [2] (#cite_note-nyt-2) The Fall 2011 issue of Antenna (/wiki/Antenna_(magazine)) had a fashion spread in which Theodore modelled as "The Bearded Man". [7] (#cite_note-7) Also in 2011, GQ (/wiki/GQ) ran an article about Brooklyn Circus which referred to Theodore as "The Bearded Man himself." [8] (#cite_note-8) In Hue , the alumni magazine for Fashion Institute for Technology graduates, Theodore was described as "The Bearded Man" in one sub-header to an article about his success. [4] (#cite_note-hue-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Sandifer, Skyy (May 17, 2021). "Allen Onyia and Ouigi Theodore Are Black Icons of Style With a Message" (https://www.complex.com/style/allen-onyia-ouigi-theodore-icons-of-style) . Complex . Retrieved June 3, 2022 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Williams, Alex (January 5, 2011). "The Bearded Dandy of Brooklyn" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/06/fashion/06close.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved May 14, 2022 . ^ a b c d e f Ferere, Cassell (February 1, 2022). "What Ouigi Theodore Of The Brooklyn Circus Has Learned After 15 Years In Fashion" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/cassellferere/2022/02/01/what-ouigi-theodore-of-brooklyn-circus-has-learned-after-15-years-in-fashion/?sh=4334dd5558c1) . Forbes . Retrieved May 14, 2022 . ^ a b Vatner, Jonathan (Fall 2011). "High-Wire Act". Hue: Alumni Magazine . Fashion Institute of Technology: 22–24. ^ a b c Palmieri, Jean E. (May 28, 2021). "Macy's to Highlight Men in Second Icons of Style Drop" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-retail-business/macys-to-highlight-men-in-second-icons-of-style-drop-1234830107/) . WWD . Retrieved May 14, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) News 12 staff (March 30, 2021). "Brooklyn man helps design clothes for Macy's 'Icons of Style' brand" (https://bronx.news12.com/brooklyn-man-helps-design-clothes-for-macy-s-icons-of-style-brand) . News 12 - The Bronx . Retrieved May 14, 2022 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Gearing Up". Antenna : 84. Fall 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Goh, Yang-Yi (June 30, 2011). "Store Spotlight: The Brooklyn Circus" (https://www.gq.com/story/the-brooklyn-circus-clothing-store-photos) . GQ . Condé Nast. 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Add tags to your draft show Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Zeauxi%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Zeauxi%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Zeauxi%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Zeauxi%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Zeauxi%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Zeauxi%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Zeauxi%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Zeauxi%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Zeauxi) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Zeauxi&defaults=y) Last edited (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Zeauxi&diff=cur) by 2603:8001:6AF0:9490:346E:19D0:1761:5C63 (/w/index.php?title=User:2603:8001:6AF0:9490:346E:19D0:1761:5C63&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:2603:8001:6AF0:9490:346E:19D0:1761:5C63) | contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/2603:8001:6AF0:9490:346E:19D0:1761:5C63) ) 5 months ago. ( Update (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Zeauxi&action=purge) ) Submit the draft for review! Zoë Council is an American actor, model and musician. Zoë Emmanuelle Castro Council was born in New York City to Emlie Council (née Castro), a writer and associate creative director, and Jodi Council, a soccer coach and professor at Pepperdine University. She has Filipino, Nigerian and English ancestry. Council briefly attended the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at NYU Tisch in 2015 as a performance entrepreneur before dropping out to pursue her music career. Council gained exposure to the fashion industry through her performances as a musician. In 2018, she started working for streetwear brand, Rare Panther as creative direction/production assistant. After years of content creation for her own brand as Zeauxi, as well as in collaboration with Rare Panther, Council began reaching out to photographers to refine her skills as a photographer, and ultimately, as a model. Council booked her first modeling job with photographer, Jorden Keith. After landing a major campaign with Forever 21 X Kodak, Council shot another campaign for Plaza Las Vegas with Brooke Olimpieri shortly after. Simultaneously, Council began acting classes under Lisa Milillo at the Baron Brown Studio in Santa Monica, California. In 2019, Council signed to Muse Model Management in New York City and two years later to Photogenics in Los Angeles. 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Nude by Rihanna Fragrance (/wiki/Perfume) by Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) Released November 23, 2012 Label Parlux Fragrances Tagline (/wiki/Tagline) Wear it with nothing else Predecessor Rebelle (/wiki/Rebelle_(fragrance)) Successor Rogue (/wiki/Rogue_by_Rihanna) Nude by Rihanna is the third fragrance (/wiki/Fragrance) for women by Barbadian (/wiki/Barbadians) singer Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) . The fragrance was released on November 23, 2012 ( Black Friday (/wiki/Black_Friday_(shopping)) ), under the perfume line, Parlux Fragrances. [1] (#cite_note-Huffington-1) Information [ edit ] The fragrance is described as a sweet, floral [and] fruity fragrance with a vanilla background. It also consists of woody and skin musky notes. Fruity aromas of guava, mandarin and pear are located at the opening of the composition. The heart is blended out of white flowers: gardenia petals, velvety Sambac jasmine and creamy orange blossom. The base consists of sandalwood, vanilla orchid and "second skin" musk. [2] (#cite_note-fragrantica-2) Products [ edit ] 100 ml/ 3.4 oz 50 ml/ 1.7 oz 30 ml/ 1.0 oz 15 ml/ 0.5 oz References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Huffington_1-0) "Black Friday Deals 2012: Rihanna's New Fragrance Plus Big Deals On Smashbox, MAC Cosmetics And More (PHOTOS)" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/23/black-friday-2012-rihanna-mac_n_2155112.html?ir=Style) . Huffington Post (/wiki/Huffington_Post) . 2012-11-23. ^ (#cite_ref-fragrantica_2-0) "Nude Rihanna for women" (http://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Rihanna/Nude-16630.html) . Fragrantica.com. 2012-11-26. v t e Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) Albums (/wiki/Rihanna_albums_discography) Singles (/wiki/Rihanna_singles_discography) Videography (/wiki/Rihanna_videography) Awards (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Rihanna) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Rihanna_live_performances) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Rihanna) Studio albums Music of the Sun (/wiki/Music_of_the_Sun) A Girl Like Me (/wiki/A_Girl_Like_Me_(Rihanna_album)) Good Girl Gone Bad (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad) Reloaded Rated R (/wiki/Rated_R_(Rihanna_album)) Loud (/wiki/Loud_(Rihanna_album)) Talk That Talk (/wiki/Talk_That_Talk) Unapologetic (/wiki/Unapologetic) Anti (/wiki/Anti_(album)) Soundtrack albums Home (/wiki/Home_(soundtrack)) Black Panther: Wakanda Forever – Music from and Inspired By (/wiki/Black_Panther:_Wakanda_Forever_(soundtrack)#Black_Panther:_Wakanda_Forever_–_Music_from_and_Inspired_By) Remix albums Good Girl Gone Bad: The Remixes (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad:_The_Remixes) Rated R: Remixed (/wiki/Rated_R:_Remixed) Video albums Good Girl Gone Bad Live (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad_Live) Loud Tour Live at the O2 (/wiki/Loud_Tour_Live_at_the_O2) Rihanna 777 Documentary... 7Countries7Days7Shows (/wiki/Rihanna_777_Documentary..._7Countries7Days7Shows) Performances Rihanna: Live in Concert (/wiki/Rihanna:_Live_in_Concert) Good Girl Gone Bad Tour (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad_Tour) A Girl's Night Out (/wiki/A_Girl%27s_Night_Out) Last Girl on Earth (/wiki/Last_Girl_on_Earth) Loud Tour (/wiki/Loud_Tour) Diamonds World Tour (/wiki/Diamonds_World_Tour) The Monster Tour (/wiki/The_Monster_Tour_(Eminem_and_Rihanna)) Anti World Tour (/wiki/Anti_World_Tour) Super Bowl LVII halftime show (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII_halftime_show) Retail Rihanna (book) (/wiki/Rihanna_(book)) Reb'l Fleur (/wiki/Reb%27l_Fleur) Rebelle (/wiki/Rebelle_(fragrance)) Nude Rogue (/wiki/Rogue_by_Rihanna) Fenty X Puma (/wiki/Fenty_X_Puma) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fenty (fashion house) (/wiki/Fenty_(fashion_house)) Savage X Fenty (/wiki/Savage_X_Fenty) Savage X Fenty Show (/wiki/Savage_X_Fenty_Show) Related topics Clara Lionel Foundation (/wiki/Clara_Lionel_Foundation) Styled to Rock British TV series (/wiki/Styled_to_Rock_(British_TV_series)) American TV series (/wiki/Styled_to_Rock_(American_TV_series)) Category (/wiki/Category:Rihanna) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6d9ffcf465‐qq5z9 Cached time: 20240716133831 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.227 seconds Real time usage: 0.290 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 616/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 20785/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2200/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17732/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.161/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3117838/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 260.858 1 -total 43.06% 112.326 1 Template:Rihanna 42.29% 110.311 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 37.15% 96.901 1 Template:Reflist 31.38% 81.862 2 Template:Cite_web 19.08% 49.763 1 Template:Infobox_fragrance 18.16% 47.382 1 Template:Infobox 3.55% 9.269 1 Template:Icon 0.74% 1.920 1 Template:Template_other 0.71% 1.841 1 Template:Infobox_musical_artist/hCard_class Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36508383-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716133831 and revision id 986032746. 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Fred Mossler Born Fred Mossler July 2, 1966 San Francisco, CA Citizenship USA Occupation(s) business executive, fashion guru, philanthropist. Known for Zappos Executive, Founder of Honus Capital, LLC, Co-founder of Ross and Snow This biographical article is written like a résumé (/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRESUME) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fred_Mossler&action=edit) by revising it to be neutral (/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV) and encyclopedic (/wiki/Wikipedia:MOSBIO) . ( May 2024 ) Fred Mossler (born July 2, 1966 in San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) , CA) is a business executive, fashion guru, and philanthropist. He is best known as a former high-ranking executive at online shoe retailer Zappos (/wiki/Zappos) , [1] (#cite_note-Abel2016-1) where he played a significant role in the company’s growth, [2] (#cite_note-Butler2016-2) as well as being the founder of Las Vegas-centric investment fund Honus Capital, LLC and co-founder of luxury fashion brand Ross and Snow. [3] (#cite_note-Schulz2018-3) [4] (#cite_note-2018Schulz-4) Business [ edit ] After graduating with a business degree from Southern Oregon University (/wiki/Southern_Oregon_University) in 1990, [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Mossler moved to Seattle (/wiki/Seattle) and joined Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) in 1991. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) He spent the next eight years at Nordstrom, living in Sacramento (/wiki/Sacramento,_California) , Hawaii (/wiki/Hawaii) , and San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area) . [9] (#cite_note-Sutherlin2016-9) In 1999, while working for Nordstrom in San Francisco, Mossler was contacted by Zappos founder Nick Swinmurn (/wiki/Nick_Swinmurn) to join his new company, then known as ShoeSite.com. Initially the Senior Vice President of Merchandising at Zappos, [9] (#cite_note-Sutherlin2016-9) Mossler’s responsibilities expanded to overseeing a variety of departments, including the Customer Loyalty Team, Human Resources, Recruiting, Benefits, and Marketing. [10] (#cite_note-10) His wide range of duties led to his official position with the company to be known as “No Title”. [11] (#cite_note-Reingold2016-11) [12] (#cite_note-Lister2013-12) During Fred Mossler's tenure at Zappos, the company abolished its traditional hierarchy and adopted holacracy (/wiki/Holacracy) . [13] (#cite_note-13) In April 2016, Mossler announced his departure from Zappos after nearly 17 years at the company, citing his desire to pursue full-time entrepreneurship. [11] (#cite_note-Reingold2016-11) In the email announcing his departure, Mossler stated that he would remain with the company until June 3, 2016, to aid with the transition, [2] (#cite_note-Butler2016-2) and would remain in Las Vegas to focus on several projects in the area, [9] (#cite_note-Sutherlin2016-9) including the Downtown Project (a downtown revitalization project started by Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh), Mexican restaurant chain Nacho Daddy, area cultural festival Life is Beautiful (/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful_Music_%26_Art_Festival) and “close air support” training company Blue Air Training. [12] (#cite_note-Lister2013-12) [14] (#cite_note-2016Reingold-14) The latter was recently [ when? ] named among recipients of $6.4 Billion in government contracts to increase virtual technology in "realistic flight training." [ citation needed ] As co-founder of Nacho Daddy, Mossler has overseen the growth of the chain to three Las Vegas-area locations, and has made a food-donation program central to the restaurant's ethos: via the "Buy One, Give One" program, the chain has donated over 110,000 meals to local Vegas-area foodbank Three Square. [15] (#cite_note-15) In addition, as a partner in the Downtown Las Vegas music festival, Life is Beautiful, he has helped oversee the festival's growth into one of the regions most important arts events, with over 100,000 attendees in 2016 and music stars from an international roster of Platinum acts performing on stage ( Stevie Wonder (/wiki/Stevie_Wonder) , Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) , Snoop Dogg (/wiki/Snoop_Dogg) , Imagine Dragon (/wiki/Imagine_Dragon) ). [16] (#cite_note-16) On March 24, 2017, Footwear Daily reported that Mossler would be launching a footwear brand in Las Vegas, Nevada. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Former Zappos executives, Fred Mossler and Meghan Mossler founded Ross & Snow, a luxury fashion brand with its factories being shared with couture brands in Italy. [4] (#cite_note-2018Schulz-4) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) As of March 21, 2018, Mossler has joined with partners Tony Hsieh, Cory Harwell and Keith Glynn to form Eleven Hospitality Group, an entity created to take popular Downtown Las Vegas restaurant Carson Kitchen from a local favorite to a national brand. A letter of intent has already been signed to open an Atlanta location. [21] (#cite_note-21) Mossler and his partners have also been involved in the creation of and investment in Discount Italian Shoes, offering Italian fashion brands at lower price points to international consumers. Philanthropy [ edit ] Mossler serves as an honorary director of the Goodie Two Shoes Foundation, [22] (#cite_note-22) an organization that provides disadvantaged children and children in crisis with new shoes and socks. [23] (#cite_note-23) He holds a role on the Finance Committee of the Two Ten Footwear Foundation, [24] (#cite_note-24) which offers financial assistance, counseling, community resources, and scholarships to those working in the footwear industry. [25] (#cite_note-25) In this role he recently helped the foundation raise over $4 million at their 2019 gala. [26] (#cite_note-26) In addition, Mossler was involved with the Movember Foundation, a charity raising funds for promoting and researching men’s health. Community involvement and other ventures [ edit ] Mossler has participated in the TED (/wiki/TED_(conference)) conference series, presenting a TEDx talk in Las Vegas titled “Flourishing Communities: Live, Work, and Play” that outlines the transformation of a previously unused area of downtown Las Vegas (/wiki/Downtown_Las_Vegas) into a cultural and economic hotspot. [27] (#cite_note-27) He is on the board of the Downtown Project, a $350 million revitalization project in downtown Las Vegas. In addition to real estate, the project also invests in small businesses, arts and culture, education, healthcare, and tech startups. [28] (#cite_note-28) Tech investments are handled through the Downtown Project’s tech investment arm, VegasTechFund, in which Mossler holds the title of Limited Partner. [29] (#cite_note-29) Mossler is an investor in Silver State Production Services, a Las Vegas-based film production company that has worked on projects such as Looking Glass (/wiki/Looking_Glass_(film)) (2017) and The Hangover Part III (/wiki/The_Hangover_Part_III) . [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) He is also an executive producer on the movie Viena and the Fantomes released in 2020. [32] (#cite_note-32) Mossler contributed to Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh’s book, Delivering Happiness (/wiki/Delivering_Happiness) , discussing how Zappos approaches vendor relationships. [33] (#cite_note-33) The book reached #1 on the New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list) and USA Today (/wiki/USA_Today) bestseller lists. [34] (#cite_note-34) In 2012, Mossler founded Honus Capital LLC, a hands-on investment fund for Las Vegas-area entrepreneurs. [35] (#cite_note-35) [3] (#cite_note-Schulz2018-3) In May 2017, Mossler became an active member of the Board of Directors of LivePerson (/wiki/LivePerson) , a mobile and online messaging and analytics solutions provider. As the company enters a growth and expansion phase, Mossler is expected to provide digital sales and growth strategy expertise. [36] (#cite_note-36) In August 2019, Mossler and his wife were feature in Footwear News magazine as "local guides" to their home, Las Vegas, offering their recommendation for "go-to Vegas hangs." [37] (#cite_note-37) Mossler was also in attendance this same month at the FN Platform, a gathering for Footwear Industry "power players." [38] (#cite_note-38) In October, 2019, Mossler was included in a team of expert judges to ascertain the "Startup of the Year," choosing re:3D (https://re3d.org/) for their advancements in the 3D market. [39] (#cite_note-39) In October 2020, Mossler joined The Board of Trustees for his alma mater, Southern Oregon University where he serves on the Development Committee. [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) External links [ edit ] Fred Mossler's "Share Your Road" profile hosted by Taco Bell. (https://tacobell.shareyourroad.com/profile/4248) Fred Mossler Given credit for Downtown Vegas development. (https://m.lasvegassun.com/news/2017/jun/20/stevens-relishes-blank-canvas-in-devising-downtown/) Fred Mossler speaking at SOU School of Business. (https://inside.sou.edu/business/index.html) Fred Mossler on Thriving in Business and Life podcast (http://www.blogtalkradio.com/thrivinginbusinessandlife/2017/08/11/how-zappos-created-a-thriving-culture-and-a-billion-dollar-a-year-company) [ permanent dead link ] . Fred Mossler on Birth and Life of Zappo's (podcast). (https://s3.amazonaws.com/Allinradio/Zappos_2017/Zappos_episode1.mp3) [ permanent dead link ] Fred Mossler and his wife Meghan discuss their brand Ross and Snow with The Industry magazine. (https://www.theindustry.fashion/the-interview-fred-and-meghan-mossler-ross-snow) Quotes, life history, and video interviews with Fred Mossler posted on Road Trip Nation's Career Explorations hub. (https://roadtripnation.com/leader/syr/5a74b5d47ebc328bb0d4eba9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Abel2016_1-0) Katie Abel (18 April 2016). "Tony Hsieh On Fred Mossler's Exit: 'Zappos Won't Ever Be Able To Replace Him' (https://footwearnews.com/2016/business/executive-moves/tony-hsieh-comments-fred-mossler-departure-resignation-zappos-213111/) " (https://footwearnews.com/2016/business/executive-moves/tony-hsieh-comments-fred-mossler-departure-resignation-zappos-213111/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . ^ a b Butler-Young, Sheena (2016-04-15). "Fred Mossler To Exit Zappos" (http://footwearnews.com/2016/business/executive-moves/fred-mossler-exits-zappos-212332/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ a b Schulz, Bailey (20 June 2018). "Las Vegas hub funded by Air Force to advance startup scene" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/business/entrepreneurs/las-vegas-hub-funded-by-air-force-to-advance-startup-scene/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Review-Journal) . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . Fred Mossler, founder of hands-on Las Vegas-centric investment fund Honus Capital LLC, said the hub could improve the local economy. ^ a b Schulz, Bailey (17 September 2018). "Startup shoe brand Ross & Snow launches in Las Vegas" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/business/startup-shoe-brand-ross-snow-launches-in-las-vegas/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Review-Journal) . Retrieved 12 October 2018 . Co-founded by former Zappos executives, and husband and wife duo Fred and Meghan Mossler, the luxury shoe brand Ross & Snow officially launched Monday. ... Meghan Mossler described Ross & Snow as a "functional luxury" brand. "We're working with same tanneries and some of the same factories as a lot of couture brands out of Italy," she said. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Five on 5 – Fred Mossler – Entrepreneur" (https://kobi5.com/features/five-on-5-fred-mossler-entrepreneur-52466/) . NBC (/wiki/NBC) . 9 May 2017 . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . On Tonight's Five on 5, we are joined by entrepreneur Fred Mossler, who credits much of his success to his time at Southern Oregon University. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Business Administration – Bachelor of Arts / Bachelor of Science" (https://sou.edu/academics/business/programs/marketing-concentration/) . Southern Oregon University (/wiki/Southern_Oregon_University) . 2018 . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_7-0) "Fred Mossler: Executive Profile & Biography - Bloomberg" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=23966717&privcapId=215186183) . www.bloomberg.com . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Fred Mossler - Share Your Road" (https://tacobell.shareyourroad.com/profile/4248) . tacobell.shareyourroad.com . Retrieved 2017-05-13 . ^ a b c Sutherlin, Margaret (2016-04-15). "Fred Mossler Reflects On His Time At Zappos" (http://footwearnews.com/2016/business/executive-moves/fred-mossler-zappos-leaving-tony-hsieh-212535/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) 07272009july (2009-07-22), Video from Jeff Bezos about Amazon and Zappos , retrieved 2017-04-26 {{ citation (/wiki/Template:Citation) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ a b Jennifer Reingold (13 April 2016). "Zappos long-time leader Mossler is out" (http://fortune.com/2016/04/13/another-zappos-leader-departs/) . Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ a b Lister, Nolan (2013). "Local couples find love through their professional lives" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/local/local-las-vegas/downtown/local-couples-find-love-through-their-professional-lives/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Review-Journal) . Fred is still working for Zappos with the title of "No Title." They also opened the Henderson restaurant Nacho Daddy together. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Ferenstein, Gregory (11 July 2014). "Zappos just abolished bosses" (https://www.vox.com/2014/7/11/5876235/silicon-valleys-latest-management-craze-holacracy-explained) . Vox (/wiki/Vox_(website)) . Retrieved 12 October 2018 . Holacracy tries to make all these miscellaneous roles explicit, creating teams ("circles") around every possible thing a worker could do for a company. "What happens in a traditional organizational hierarchy structure is that most people play a lot of different roles but those roles aren't defined," explained Zappos executive Fred Mossler. "Holacracy forces you to define the work that you do and it forces you to define your roles and accountabilities." In Zappos's holacracy, a typical call center worker could hold additional official duties in planning social events, corporate social responsibility, designing the lunch menu, or on an advertising campaign. ^ (#cite_ref-2016Reingold_14-0) Jennifer Reingold (13 April 2016). "Zappos long-time leader Mossler is out" (http://fortune.com/2016/04/13/another-zappos-leader-departs/) . Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . Mossler wrote that he intends to focus on entrepreneurial efforts, as well as the Downtown Project, Hsieh's privately-funded revitalization of downtown Las Vegas. ... I also want to pursue some other interests, such as Downtown Project, The Life Is Beautiful music festival, Nacho Daddy and a few other companies that I have invested in. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Carole9073 (2016-11-17). "I Love Las Vegas Magazine...BLOG: Nacho Daddy's "Buy a Meal, Give a Meal" Programs Has Donated 110,00 Meals!" (http://ilovelasvegasmagazine.blogspot.com/2016/11/nacho-daddys-buy-meal-give-meal.html) . I Love Las Vegas Magazine...BLOG . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-16) Dubin, Alesandra (2015-10-05). "How Life Is Beautiful Grew to 108,000 Attendees in 3 Years" (http://www.bizbash.com/how-life-beautiful-grew-to-108000-attendees-in-3-years/las-vegas/story/31144/#.WP_8W4jytEZ) . BizBash . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Butler-Young, Sheena (2017-03-28). "Industry Moves: March 2017" (http://footwearnews.com/2017/business/executive-moves/fashion-shoes-industry-moves-march-2017-322783/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 2017-05-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Zappos President To Leave In June | SGB Online" (https://sgbonline.com/zappos-president-to-leave-in-june/) . sgbonline.com . 28 March 2017 . Retrieved 2017-05-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Abel, Katie (2017-08-17). "Blair Underwood, Chloe Gosselin & More Guests: Inside FN's Cocktail Party" (http://footwearnews.com/2017/fn-spy/parties/blair-underwood-fn-platform-las-vegas-cocktail-party-408044/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 2018-01-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "This Former Ugg Designer Wants to Make You Rethink Shearling Boots" (https://fashionista.com/2019/01/ross-and-snow-shearling-boots) . Fashionista (/wiki/Fashionista_(website)) . 8 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Downtown's Carson Kitchen looking to expand outside Las Vegas" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/food/downtowns-carson-kitchen-looking-to-expand-outside-las-vegas/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal . 2018-03-21 . Retrieved 2018-03-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Goodie Two Shoes Foundation - Our Board" (http://www.goodietwoshoes.org/pages/about-us/our-board.php) . www.goodietwoshoes.org . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Goodie Two Shoes Foundation - Our Mission" (http://www.goodietwoshoes.org/pages/about-us/our-mission.php) . www.goodietwoshoes.org . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Board of Directors" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111130063914/http://www.twoten.org/who-we-are/board-of-directors.aspx) . 2011-11-30. Archived from the original on 2011-11-30 . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown) ) ^ (#cite_ref-25) "What We Do - Two Ten Footwear Foundation" (http://www.twoten.org/what-we-do/) . Two Ten Footwear Foundation . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Two Ten Annual Gala Raises $4M to Help Shoe People in Need" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/two-ten-annual-gala-raises-202034248.html) . Retrieved 2020-02-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Redirecting" (http://tedxtalks.ted.com/video/TEDxSinCity-Fred-Mossler-Flou-2) . tedxtalks.ted.com . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Downtown Project | About Us" (http://downtownproject.com/about-us/) . downtownproject.com . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Investment Team - VTF Capital" (https://vtfcapital.com/investment-team/) . VTF Capital . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Schoenmann, Joe (25 April 2014). "Movie shot and produced in Nevada puts new tax incentive in play" (https://lasvegassun.com/news/2014/apr/25/head-movie-shot-and-produced-nevada-puts-new-tax-i/) . Las Vegas Sun (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Sun) . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Silver State Production Services [us]" (https://www.imdb.com/company/co0462791/) . IMDb . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Las Vegas-made movie 'Viena and the Fantomes' released after 6-year delay" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/movies/las-vegas-made-movie-viena-and-the-fantomes-released-after-6-year-delay-2060883/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal . 2020-06-25 . Retrieved 2021-03-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "A Lesson from Zappos: Follow the Golden Rule" (https://hbr.org/2010/06/a-lesson-from-zappos-follow-th) . Harvard Business Review . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "7 lessons from a multimillionaire CEO's book any businessperson should read" (https://www.businessinsider.com/summary-of-delivering-happiness-by-zappos-ceo-tony-hsieh-2017-5) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Retrieved 6 November 2018 . Delivering Happiness debuted at #1 on the New York Times Best Seller List, when it was released in 2010, and since, Hsieh has been branded as an expert in customer service and building company culture. ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Honus Holdings LLC in Las Vegas NV - Company Profile" (http://nvsos.gov/sosentitysearch/PrintCorp.aspx?lx8nvq=FM6lq0K1lpjbTJgTbB13dg%253d%253d&nt7=0) . Nevada State . Retrieved 2017-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Fred Mossler, digital visionary who helped build Zappos, to join LivePerson Board of Directors" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/fred-mossler-digital-visionary-helped-123000972.html) . Retrieved 2017-05-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Footwear News Magazine Subscription" (https://w1.buysub.com/pubs/FT/FNS/sub_1yr_US.jsp?cds_page_id=152604&cds_mag_code=FNS&id=1573059928399&lsid=93101105283022744&vid=1&cds_response_key=86L1DLNSB) . w1.buysub.com . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Staff, F. N. (2019-08-16). "Footwear Industry Power Players Gather in Las Vegas for FN Platform" (https://footwearnews.com/2019/business/retail/fn-platform-august-show-las-vegas-photos-1202818379/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "re:3D Named the 7th Startup of the Year™ Champion by Established and Start Co" (https://www.benzinga.com/pressreleases/19/10/n14677591/re-3d-named-the-7th-startup-of-the-year-champion-by-established-and-start-co) . Benzinga . Retrieved 2019-11-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "About" (https://giving.sou.edu/about/) . SOU Foundation . Retrieved 2021-03-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "SOU and Zappos alumnus Fred Mossler: Big shoes to fill" (https://news.sou.edu/2019/02/sou-zappos-alumnus-fred-mossler-big-shoes/) . SOU News . 2019-02-20 . Retrieved 2021-03-03 . 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Crown used during Mandaean religious rituals Several tagas can be seen on the right in this 2008 photograph of a tarmida initiation ceremony (/wiki/Tarmida#Ordination) in Baghdad. Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Mandaeism) on Mandaeism (/wiki/Mandaeism) Prophets Adam (/wiki/Adam) Seth (/wiki/Seth) Noah (/wiki/Noah) Shem (/wiki/Shem) John the Baptist (/wiki/John_the_Baptist) Names for adherents Mandaeans (/wiki/Mandaeans) Sabians (/wiki/Sabians) Nasoraeans (/wiki/Nazarene_(sect)#Nasoraean_Mandaeans) Gnostics (/wiki/Gnosticism) Scriptures (/wiki/List_of_Mandaean_texts) Ginza Rabba (/wiki/Ginza_Rabba) Right Ginza (/wiki/Right_Ginza) Left Ginza (/wiki/Left_Ginza) Mandaean Book of John (/wiki/Mandaean_Book_of_John) Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) Niana (/wiki/Niana) Haran Gawaita (/wiki/Haran_Gawaita) The Wedding of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Wedding_of_the_Great_Shishlam) The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa (/wiki/The_Baptism_of_Hibil_Ziwa) Diwan Abatur (/wiki/Diwan_Abatur) The Thousand and Twelve Questions (/wiki/The_Thousand_and_Twelve_Questions) Scroll of Exalted Kingship (/wiki/Scroll_of_Exalted_Kingship) The Coronation of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Coronation_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Alma Rišaia Rba (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Rba) Alma Rišaia Zuṭa (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Zu%E1%B9%ADa) Zihrun Raza Kasia (/wiki/Zihrun_Raza_Kasia) Scroll of the Parwanaya (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Parwanaya) Book of the Zodiac (/wiki/Book_of_the_Zodiac) Dmut Kušṭa (/wiki/Dmut_Ku%C5%A1%E1%B9%ADa) Scroll of the Rivers (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Rivers) Secrets of the Ancestors (/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Ancestors) Scroll of the Ancestors (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Ancestors) Priests (/wiki/Mandaean_priest) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama) Ganzibra (/wiki/Ganzibra) Tarmida (/wiki/Tarmida) Shganda (/wiki/Shganda) Individual leaders Miriai (/wiki/Miriai) Shlama beth Qidra (/wiki/Shlama_beth_Qidra) Zazai of Gawazta (/wiki/Zazai_of_Gawazta) Anush Bar Danqa (/wiki/Anush_Bar_Danqa) Yahya Bihram (/wiki/Yahya_Bihram) Dakhil Aidan (/wiki/Dakhil_Aidan) Jabbar Choheili (/wiki/Jabbar_Choheili) Sattar Jabbar Hilow (/wiki/Sattar_Jabbar_Hilow) Najah Choheili (/wiki/Najah_Choheili) Salah Choheili (/wiki/Salah_Choheili) Rituals Masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) Masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) Tamasha (/wiki/Tamasha_(ablution)) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama_(ablution)) Kushta (/wiki/Kushta) Qabin (/wiki/Qabin) Misha (/wiki/Misha_(Mandaeism)) Ritual food and drink Mambuha (/wiki/Mambuha) Halalta (/wiki/Halalta) Hamra (/wiki/Hamra_(Mandaeism)) Pihta (/wiki/Pihta) Fatira (/wiki/Fatira) Zidqa brikha (/wiki/Zidqa_brikha) Lofani (/wiki/Lofani) Sa (/wiki/Sa_(Mandaeism)) Dukrana (/wiki/Dukrana) Practices Belief in Oneness of God (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) Daily prayer (/wiki/Brakha) Baptism (/wiki/Masbuta) Fasting (/wiki/Sauma) Almsgiving (/wiki/Zidqa) Objects and symbols Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) Rasta (/wiki/Rasta_(Mandaeism)) Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) Klila (/wiki/Klila) Taga Riha (/wiki/Riha_(Mandaeism)) Skandola (/wiki/Skandola) Cosmology (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology) Hayyi Rabbi (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) World of Light (/wiki/World_of_Light) Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Mandaeism)) Manda (/wiki/Manda_(Mandaeism)) Uthra (/wiki/Uthra) Manda d-Hayyi (/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi) Yushamin (/wiki/Yushamin) Abatur (/wiki/Abatur) Ptahil (/wiki/Ptahil) Hibil (/wiki/Hibil) Shitil (/wiki/Shitil) Anush (/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)) Sam Ziwa (/wiki/Sam_Ziwa) Bihram Rabba (/wiki/Bihram) Adathan (/wiki/Adathan) Yadathan (/wiki/Yadathan) Shilmai (/wiki/Shilmai) Nidbai (/wiki/Nidbai) Yawar Ziwa (/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa) Simat Hayyi (/wiki/Simat_Hayyi) Yufin-Yufafin (/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin) Nsab (/wiki/Nsab) Nbat (/wiki/Nbat) Gubran (/wiki/Gubran) Shihlun (/wiki/Shihlun) Urfeil (/wiki/Urfeil) Marfeil (/wiki/Marfeil) Saureil (/wiki/Saureil) Zihrun (/wiki/Zihrun) Etinsib Ziwa (/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa) Piriawis (/wiki/Piriawis) Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Yura (/wiki/Yura_(Mandaeism)) Yurba (/wiki/Yurba) Yukashar (/wiki/Yukashar) Ziwa (/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)#Mandaeism) Shahrat (/wiki/Shahrat) Malwasha (/wiki/Malwasha) Nishimta (/wiki/Nishimta) Dinanukht (/wiki/Dinanukht) Shishlam (/wiki/Shishlam) Ezlat (/wiki/Ezlat) škina (/wiki/Shkinta) Dmuta (/wiki/Dmuta) Mshunia Kushta (/wiki/Mshunia_Kushta) Adam kasia (/wiki/Adam_kasia) Adam pagria (/wiki/Adam_pagria) Shatrin (/wiki/Shatrin) Laufa (/wiki/Laufa) Hitfun (/wiki/Hitfun) Tibil (/wiki/Tibil) World of Darkness (/wiki/World_of_Darkness_(Mandaeism)) Sea of Suf (/wiki/Sea_of_Suf) Siniawis (/wiki/Siniawis) Matarta (/wiki/Matarta) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha) Ur (/wiki/Ur_(Mandaeism)) Krun (/wiki/Krun) Gaf (/wiki/Gaf_(Mandaeism)) Qin (/wiki/Qin_(Mandaeism)) Zahreil (/wiki/Zahreil) Anathan (/wiki/Anathan) Giu (/wiki/Giu_(Mandaeism)) Shdum (/wiki/Shdum) Zartai-Zartanai (/wiki/Zartai-Zartanai) Hag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Mag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Festivals (/wiki/Mandaean_calendar#Festivals) Parwanaya (/wiki/Parwanaya) Dehwa Rabba (/wiki/Dehwa_Rabba) Dehwa d-Shishlam Rabba (/wiki/Dehwa_d-Shishlam_Rabba) Dehwa Daimana (/wiki/Dehwa_Daimana) Dehwa Hanina (/wiki/Dehwa_Hanina) Abu al-Haris (/wiki/Abu_al-Haris) (Ashoriya) Ead Fel (/wiki/Mandaean_calendar#Festivals) Places Yardena (/wiki/Yardna) Beth Manda (/wiki/Beth_Manda) Shkinta (/wiki/Shkinta) Andiruna (/wiki/Andiruna) Prayers (/wiki/Brakha) Asiet Malkia (/wiki/Asiet_Malkia) Rushma (/wiki/Rushma) Rahma (/wiki/Rahma_(Mandaeism)) Tabahatan (/wiki/Tabahatan) Shumhata (/wiki/Shumhata) Bshuma (/wiki/Bshuma) Religion portal (/wiki/Portal:Religion) v t e In Mandaeism (/wiki/Mandaeism) , the taga ( Classical Mandaic (/wiki/Classical_Mandaic_language) : ࡕࡀࡂࡀ ) is a white crown (/wiki/Crown) traditionally made of silk that is used during Mandaean religious rituals. The taga is a white crown which always takes on masculine symbolism, while the klila (/wiki/Klila) (myrtle wreath) is a feminine symbol that complements the taga. [1] (#cite_note-Buckley_2002-1) [2] (#cite_note-Buckley_1989-2) Use in rituals [ edit ] Along with the klila (/wiki/Klila) , the taga is used during most Mandaean rituals, including masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) , masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) , and priest initiation rituals. [3] (#cite_note-auto-3) In the Qolasta [ edit ] Further information: Qolasta § List of prayers (/wiki/Qolasta#List_of_prayers) Several prayers in the Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) are recited when consecrating and putting on the taga . [4] (#cite_note-Drower_1959-4) See also [ edit ] Radiate crown (/wiki/Radiate_crown) Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) Klila (/wiki/Klila) Rasta (Mandaeism) (/wiki/Rasta_(Mandaeism)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Buckley_2002_1-0) Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people . New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-19-515385-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 65198443 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65198443) . ^ (#cite_ref-Buckley_1989_2-0) Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (1989). "Why Once Is Not Enough: Mandaean Baptism (Maṣbuta) as an Example of a Repeated Ritual" (http://www.jstor.org/stable/1062837) . History of Religions . 29 (1). University of Chicago Press: 23–34. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1086/463169 (https://doi.org/10.1086%2F463169) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0018-2710 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0018-2710) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1062837 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1062837) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 161224842 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161224842) . ^ (#cite_ref-auto_3-0) Drower, Ethel Stefana (1937). The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran . Oxford at the Clarendon Press. ^ (#cite_ref-Drower_1959_4-0) Drower, E. S. (1959). The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans . Leiden: E. J. Brill. v t e Mandaeism (/wiki/Mandaeism) People Mandaeans (/wiki/Mandaeans) Mandaean Americans (/wiki/Mandaean_Americans) Mandaean Australians (/wiki/Mandaean_Australians) Mandaeans in Sweden (/wiki/Mandaeans_in_Sweden) Sabians (/wiki/Sabians) Nasoraeans (/wiki/Nazarene_(sect)#Nasoraean_Mandaeans) Historical identities Essenes (/wiki/Essenes) Gnostics (/wiki/Gnosticism) Priesthood (/wiki/Mandaean_priest) Titles Rishama (/wiki/Rishama) Ganzibra (/wiki/Ganzibra) Tarmida (/wiki/Tarmida) ( Shganda (/wiki/Shganda) ) Individuals ( List of Mandaean priests (/wiki/List_of_Mandaean_priests) ) Shlama beth Qidra (/wiki/Shlama_beth_Qidra) Zazai of Gawazta (/wiki/Zazai_of_Gawazta) Anush bar Danqa (/wiki/Anush_bar_Danqa) Yahya Bihram (/wiki/Yahya_Bihram) Ram Zihrun (/wiki/Ram_Zihrun) Bibia Mudalal (/wiki/Bibia_Mudalal) Abdullah Khaffagi (/wiki/Abdullah_Khaffagi) Negm bar Zahroon (/wiki/Negm_bar_Zahroon) Abdullah bar Negm (/wiki/Abdullah_bar_Negm) Abdullah bar Sam (/wiki/Abdullah_bar_Sam) Dakhil Aidan (/wiki/Dakhil_Aidan) Jabbar Choheili (/wiki/Jabbar_Choheili) Salah Choheili (/wiki/Salah_Choheili) Najah Choheili (/wiki/Najah_Choheili) Taleb Doraji (/wiki/Taleb_Doraji) Khaldoon Majid Abdullah (/wiki/Khaldoon_Majid_Abdullah) Sahi Bashikh (/wiki/Sahi_Bashikh) Sattar Jabbar Hilow (/wiki/Sattar_Jabbar_Hilow) Yuhana Nashmi (/wiki/Yuhana_Nashmi) Brikha Nasoraia (/wiki/Brikha_Nasoraia) Rafid al-Sabti (/wiki/Rafid_al-Sabti) Institutions Mandaean Council of Ahvaz (/wiki/Mandaean_Council_of_Ahvaz) Literature (/wiki/List_of_Mandaic_manuscripts) Main texts Ginza Rabba (/wiki/Ginza_Rabba) Right Ginza (/wiki/Right_Ginza) Left Ginza (/wiki/Left_Ginza) Mandaean Book of John (/wiki/Mandaean_Book_of_John) Prayers Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) Niana (/wiki/Niana) Rushma (/wiki/Rushma) Asiet Malkia (/wiki/Asiet_Malkia) Rahma (/wiki/Rahma_(Mandaeism)) Tabahatan (/wiki/Tabahatan) Shumhata (/wiki/Shumhata) Ritual texts The Wedding of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Wedding_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Scroll of the Parwanaya (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Parwanaya) Scroll of the Great Baptism (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Great_Baptism) Scroll of the Ancestors (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Ancestors) Zihrun Raza Kasia (/wiki/Zihrun_Raza_Kasia) Esoteric texts The Thousand and Twelve Questions (/wiki/The_Thousand_and_Twelve_Questions) Scroll of Exalted Kingship (/wiki/Scroll_of_Exalted_Kingship) The Coronation of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Coronation_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Alma Rišaia Rba (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Rba) Alma Rišaia Zuṭa (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Zu%E1%B9%ADa) The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa (/wiki/The_Baptism_of_Hibil_Ziwa) Scroll of Abatur (/wiki/Scroll_of_Abatur) Dmut Kušṭa (/wiki/Dmut_Ku%C5%A1%E1%B9%ADa) Secrets of the Ancestors (/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Ancestors) Scroll of the Rivers (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Rivers) Book of the Zodiac (/wiki/Book_of_the_Zodiac) Historical texts Haran Gawaita (/wiki/Haran_Gawaita) Apotropaic (/wiki/Apotropaic_magic) texts Incantation bowls (/wiki/Incantation_bowl) Lead rolls (/wiki/Mandaic_lead_rolls) Cosmology (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology) Tibil (/wiki/Tibil) Yardna (/wiki/Yardna) World of Light (/wiki/World_of_Light) Hayyi Rabbi (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) Shkina (/wiki/Shkinta) Piriawis (/wiki/Piriawis) Mshunia Kushta (/wiki/Mshunia_Kushta) Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Yasana (/wiki/Yasana) Uthras (/wiki/Uthra) Yushamin (/wiki/Yushamin) Abatur (/wiki/Abatur) Ptahil (/wiki/Ptahil) Hibil (/wiki/Hibil) Shitil (/wiki/Shitil) Anush (/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)) Sam Ziwa (/wiki/Sam_Ziwa) Manda d-Hayyi (/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi) Shilmai (/wiki/Shilmai) Nidbai (/wiki/Nidbai) Adathan and Yadathan (/wiki/Adathan_and_Yadathan) Yufin-Yufafin (/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin) Urfeil and Marfeil (/wiki/Urfeil_and_Marfeil) Tar and Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Bihram (/wiki/Bihram) Zihrun (/wiki/Zihrun) Etinsib Ziwa (/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa) Nbat (/wiki/Nbat) Nsab (/wiki/Nsab) Gubran (/wiki/Gubran) Shihlun (/wiki/Shihlun) Yura (/wiki/Yura_(Mandaeism)) Yurba (/wiki/Yurba) Yukabar (/wiki/Yukabar) Yukashar (/wiki/Yukashar) Yawar Ziwa (/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa) Simat Hayyi (/wiki/Simat_Hayyi) Saureil (/wiki/Saureil) Concepts Anana (/wiki/Anana_(Mandaeism)) Gufna (/wiki/Gufna) Ziwa (/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)) Intermediary realms Matarta (/wiki/Matarta) Hitfun (/wiki/Hitfun) Shahrat (/wiki/Shahrat) Shatrin (/wiki/Shatrin) World of Darkness (/wiki/World_of_Darkness_(Mandaeism)) Sea of Suf (/wiki/Sea_of_Suf) Siniawis (/wiki/Siniawis) Mšiha (/wiki/Jesus_in_Mandaeism) Demons (/wiki/Demons_in_Mandaeism) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha) Ur (/wiki/Ur_(Mandaeism)) Krun (/wiki/Krun) Gaf (/wiki/Gaf_(Mandaeism)) Qin (/wiki/Qin_(Mandaeism)) Anathan (/wiki/Anathan) Shdum (/wiki/Shdum) Giu (/wiki/Giu_(Mandaeism)) Hag and Mag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Zartai-Zartanai (/wiki/Zartai-Zartanai) Zahreil (/wiki/Zahreil) Planets (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology#Planets) Shamish (/wiki/Shamish) (Sun) Libat (/wiki/Libat) (Venus) Nbu (/wiki/Nbu) (Mercury) Sin (/wiki/Sin_(Mandaeism)) (Moon) Kiwan (/wiki/Kiwan) (Saturn) Bil (/wiki/Bil_(Mandaeism)) (Jupiter) Nirig (/wiki/Nirig) (Mars) Important figures Adam (/wiki/Adam) Seth (/wiki/Seth) Abel (/wiki/Abel) Enosh (/wiki/Enos_(biblical_figure)) Noah (/wiki/Noah) Shem (/wiki/Shem) Miriai (/wiki/Miriai) Elizabeth (/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)) John the Baptist (/wiki/John_the_Baptist) Legendary figures Dinanukht (/wiki/Dinanukht) Shishlam (/wiki/Shishlam) Ezlat (/wiki/Ezlat) Concepts Kushta (/wiki/Kushta) (truth) Manda (/wiki/Manda_(Mandaeism)) (gnosis) Laufa (/wiki/Laufa) (communion) Dmuta (/wiki/Dmuta) (image) Nishimta (/wiki/Nishimta) (soul) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha#As_the_spirit) (spirit) Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Mandaeism)) (mind) Adam Kasia (/wiki/Adam_Kasia) (hidden Adam) Adam Pagria (/wiki/Adam_Pagria) (bodily Adam) Objects and symbols Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) (banner) Misha (/wiki/Misha_(Mandaeism)) (oil) Riha (/wiki/Riha_(Mandaeism)) (incense) Skandola (/wiki/Skandola) (talisman seal) Ritual food and drink Drinks Mambuha (/wiki/Mambuha) Halalta (/wiki/Halalta) Hamra (/wiki/Hamra_(Mandaeism)) Foods Pihta (/wiki/Pihta) Fatira (/wiki/Fatira) Sa (/wiki/Sa_(Mandaeism)) Meals Dukrana (/wiki/Dukrana) Lofani (/wiki/Lofani) Zidqa brikha (/wiki/Zidqa_brikha) Clothing Rasta (/wiki/Rasta_(Mandaeism)) (robe) Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) (turban) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) (mouth-veil) Himiana (/wiki/Himiana) (girdle) Margna (/wiki/Margna) (staff) Klila (/wiki/Klila) (wreath) Taga (crown) Rituals and practices Masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) (baptism) Tamasha (/wiki/Tamasha_(ablution)) (triple ablution) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama_(ablution)) (minor ablution) Masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) (death mass) Qabin (/wiki/Qabin) (wedding) Brakha (/wiki/Brakha) (prayer) Bshuma (/wiki/Bshuma) Sauma (/wiki/Sauma) (fasting) Zidqa (/wiki/Zidqa) (almsgiving) Naming (/wiki/Mandaean_name) Buildings and structures Mandi (/wiki/Mandi_(Mandaeism)) Baghdad Mandi (/wiki/Sabian%E2%80%93Mandaean_Mandi_of_Baghdad) Ganzibra Dakhil Mandi (/wiki/Ganzibra_Dakhil_Mandi) Yahya Yuhana Mandi (/wiki/Yahya_Yuhana_Mandi) Wallacia Mandi 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A lampshade design from 1963 with a simple cord trimming A lampshade hat is a millinery design in which the hat has a small circular crown – typically flat, but sometimes rounded – and flares outwards to create a cone-like profile. [1] (#cite_note-A_Dictionary_of_Costume_Brooks_Picken-1) In shape, it may have some similarities to the pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) and bucket (/wiki/Bucket_hat) hat, both of which were popular at around the same time, although the classic lampshade design is longer and more flared than a pillbox (typically ending at or below the ears) and is generally made of stiffer material than a bucket hat. The Asian conical hat (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) and the mushroom hat (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) are sometimes termed lampshade , as well as any oversized or lavishly trimmed hat. [2] (#cite_note-Time_Sun-2) History of the design [ edit ] The lampshade style was popularised by Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) in the 1950s and remained fashionable through the next decade. [ citation needed ] Dior continued to feature variations in his collections into the early 1960s. [3] (#cite_note-Style_Spade-3) Early versions could be trimmed or decorated, or could rely on shape alone for effect. Writing in The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) in 1953 about the London spring collections, Clair Wilson described a: "lampshade of a hat" designed by Simone Mirman (/wiki/Simone_Mirman) and shown at John Cavanagh (/wiki/John_Cavanagh_(designer)) 's London show. This model was pleated and matched to a black silk cape. [4] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Wilson-4) A year later, Wilson described a new season's design that was quite close fitting, in the manner of a helmet, adding that it was: "devoid of decoration and having some relationship to the cloche in concealing most of the hair". [5] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Wilson_120354-5) By 1956, lampshades and pillboxes were said to be overtaking the previously popular mushroom and cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) designs at Ascot (/wiki/Ascot_Racecourse) races. A reviewer of the opening day's fashions noted: "1956 must be dismissed as an unspectacular year. Gone were the cartwheels and giant mushrooms of other years, and in their place were pill-boxes (Princess Margaret), lampshades (Princess Alexandra) and various derivations of the beret". [6] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_200656-6) Notable examples of the design include the red lampshade hat worn by Doris Day (/wiki/Doris_Day) in the 1959 romantic comedy Pillow Talk (/wiki/Pillow_Talk_(film)) . Costumes for this film were created by French costume/fashion designer Jean Louis (/wiki/Jean_Louis) . [7] (#cite_note-CoF_Laverty-7) In 1961, Louise Shepard wore a lampshade hat with front bow at a NASA (/wiki/NASA) award ceremony for her husband Alan B. Shepard (/wiki/Alan_B._Shepard) First lady of Argentina (/wiki/Argentina) Clorinda Málaga de Prado wearing a soft fabric lampshade-style model in 1960 on a trip to Rotterdam (/wiki/Rotterdam) Beauty queen and actress Aliza Gur (/wiki/Aliza_Gur) wearing a flared lampshade hat with textured pattern in 1964 Queen Sirikit of Thailand (/wiki/Queen_Sirikit_of_Thailand) wearing a close-fitting variation on the lampshade, incorporating ruching and slightly flared brim in 1960 Variations [ edit ] Like the pillbox, the lampshade remained popular into the 1960s, as hems rose and Space Age (/wiki/Space_Age) fashions took hold. Adaptations included both close-fitting and flared designs, as well as what fashion correspondent John Hart Roberts described as the "lampshade helmet", worn with hooded pullover, walking skirt and stockings at designer Maljana's Florence (/wiki/Florence) fashion show in 1965. [8] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Hart_Roberts-8) Revivals [ edit ] John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , designing for Dior, showed a variety of extreme lampshade-style hats in 2008 – these were created by milliner Stephen Jones (/wiki/Stephen_Jones_(milliner)) . [9] (#cite_note-Style.com_Mower-9) The design duo DSquared2 (/wiki/Dean_and_Dan_Caten) recreated 1950s-style lampshade hats for their spring/summer 2014 fashion show in September 2013 at Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . [10] (#cite_note-GMA_Network_Thuburn-10) Other designers showing lampshade-inspired designs for 2014, included L'Wren Scott (/wiki/L%27Wren_Scott) and Lyn Devon (/wiki/Lyn_Devon) . [ citation needed ] See also [ edit ] Mushroom hat (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Bucket hat (/wiki/Bucket_hat) Pillbox hat (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-A_Dictionary_of_Costume_Brooks_Picken_1-0) Brooks Picken, Mary (1999). A Dictionary of Costume and Fashion: Historic and Modern . United States: Dover Publications. p. 164. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0486402940 . Retrieved 17 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Time_Sun_2-0) Sun, Feifei (2 October 2012). "The 15 most ridiculous trends from fashion month" (http://style.time.com/2012/10/03/15-ridiculous-trends-from-fashion-month/slide/giles/) . Time . Retrieved 17 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Style_Spade_3-0) Spade, Kate (2004). Style (2004 ed.). United States: Simon & Schuster. p. 78. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780743250672 . Retrieved 19 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Guardian_Wilson_4-0) Wilson, Clair (30 January 1953). "The London Spring Collections: Outfits for the occasions". The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Guardian_Wilson_120354_5-0) Wilson, Clair (12 March 1954). "Spring Hats all at Sea". The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Guardian_200656_6-0) "Royal Ascot All Too Blue: A windy day for toppers and a chill one for ladies of fashion". The Guardian . 20 June 1956. ^ (#cite_ref-CoF_Laverty_7-0) Laverty, Lord Christopher. "Doris Day in Pillow Talk: Couture Allure" (http://clothesonfilm.com/doris-day-in-pillow-talk-couture-allure/25632/) . clothesonfilm.com . Clothes on Film . Retrieved 15 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Guardian_Hart_Roberts_8-0) Hart Roberts, John (18 January 1965). "Pop and op". The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-Style.com_Mower_9-0) Mower, Sarah. "Christian Dior Spring 2008 Couture: Review" (http://www.style.com/fashion-shows/spring-2008-couture/christian-dior) . style.com . style.com . Retrieved 15 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-GMA_Network_Thuburn_10-0) Thuburn, Dario (18 September 2013). "Gucci kicks off Milan Fashion Week with opium den style" (http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/327082/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/gucci-kicks-off-milan-fashion-week-with-opium-den-style) . GMA Network. Agence France-Presse . Retrieved 18 January 2015 . External links [ edit ] Givenchy lampshade hat with flower decoration in the Metropolitan Museum of Art collection, c. 1960 (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/84518?rpp=30&pg=2&ft=Givenchy&pos=46) James Wedge variation on the lampshade hat made for Liberty of London in the Victoria & Albert Museum collection, 1957 (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O229496/hat-james-wedge/) Unusual lampshade design with goose-feather brim from the Ryerson Fashion Collection, believed to be 1950s (http://ryerson-fashion-research-collection.com/?attachment_id=380) DSquared spring/summer 2014 fashion show including lampshade hats on Fashion Channel (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eg8DhxM1-3s) v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll 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Sania Maskatiya is a Pakistani fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) . Her clothing line is called Sania Studio, which was featured in the 2018 edition of New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . She has won many LUX Style Awards for Achievement in Fashion Design. A textile design graduate of the prestigious Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture (/wiki/Indus_Valley_School_of_Art_and_Architecture) in Karachi, Pakistan, Sania Maskatiya joined hands with business partner and director, Umair Tabani, in 2010 to creative a distinctive fashion label that captured the fashion industry by storm. Her brand is known for including rich textiles, fabric design and embroidery within its pieces. Through the success of her brand, Sania Makatiya became one of Pakistan's renowned fashion designers and exports, with branches all over Pakistan, and in Dubai, Singapore, The United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "How Sania Maskatiya found her way to New York Fashion Week" (https://images.dawn.com/news/1180862/how-sania-maskatiya-found-her-way-to-new-york-fashion-week) . 13 September 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "It runs in the family: Umair Tabani and Sania Maskatiya" (https://tribune.com.pk/story/1062759/it-runs-in-the-family-umair-tabani-and-sania-maskatiya/) . 13 March 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "NY Fashion Week 2018: Pakistani designer Sania Maskatiya showcases her collection" (https://dunyanews.tv/en/Entertainment/456696-NY-Fashion-Week-Pakistani-designer-Sania-Maskatiya-showcases-collection) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "IVS" (http://www.indusvalley.edu.pk/web/) . This article about a Pakistani artist is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sania_Maskatiya&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐jpnv8 Cached time: 20240712174534 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.168 seconds Real time usage: 0.231 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 229/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7938/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 79/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18549/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.125/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3334806/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 215.596 1 -total 51.15% 110.278 1 Template:Reflist 42.57% 91.786 4 Template:Cite_web 29.72% 64.078 1 Template:Pakistan-artist-stub 28.90% 62.304 1 Template:Asbox 19.03% 41.024 1 Template:Authority_control 0.78% 1.680 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58476057-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712174534 and revision id 1122950988. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sania_Maskatiya&oldid=1122950988 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sania_Maskatiya&oldid=1122950988) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Pakistani fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_fashion_designers) Pakistani women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_women_fashion_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Pakistani people stubs (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_people_stubs) Asian artist stubs (/wiki/Category:Asian_artist_stubs) Hidden categories: Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
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Item, often a small garment, that covers its user's genitals Look up cache-sexe (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cache-sexe) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The koteka (/wiki/Koteka) or penis sheath is traditionally worn by male natives of some ethnic groups in New Guinea (/wiki/New_Guinea) to cover their genitals. A cache-sexe is an item, often a small garment, that covers its user's genitals. [1] (#cite_note-WNMD-1) The most common style, seen in Western G-strings (/wiki/G-string) and Japanese (/wiki/Japan) Fundoshis (/wiki/Fundoshi) , has a triangle of material (cloth, beaded strings, etc.) attached at the corners to straps or strings around the waist and between the legs, that fasten the triangle over the genitals. Cache-sexes have various social intentions, including the wearer's practice of sincere or enforced modesty (/wiki/Modesty) , legal and/or customary restrictions within the context of intentional eroticism, and adding fetishistic (/wiki/Sexual_fetishism) or playfully teasing (/wiki/Teasing) aspects to intentional eroticism. In Western cultures, for example, G-strings (/wiki/G-string) appear as swimming attire; for many erotic dancing (/wiki/Erotic_dancing) venues, as the final state of undress, set as the polite and/or legal limit; or as a garment whose removal is one of many steps of a striptease (/wiki/Striptease) , each existing to provide an increment in the viewer's sexual arousal (/wiki/Sexual_arousal) . Cache-sexe is a loanword (/wiki/Loanword) from French. [1] (#cite_note-WNMD-1) Cache-sexe is also an alternate term for modesty plate , sometimes caping , a small triangular or heart-shaped jewelry worn to hide the genitals, typically made of silver, gold, or brass. Examples [ edit ] The penis gourds (/wiki/Koteka) of tribal New Guinea (/wiki/New_Guinea) , and cache-sexes of some other tribal cultures, are often perceived by Westerners as self-evidently obvious forms of sexual display, but described by their wearers as a practice providing privacy. The Brazilian Portuguese (/wiki/Brazilian_Portuguese) tapa-sexo is often used in samba school (/wiki/Samba_school) parades, [2] (#cite_note-CC-2) where performers may parade their decorated but unclothed bodies, [3] (#cite_note-HP-3) exposing the buttocks and groin. The regulations in these parades generally prohibit people being completely naked. [2] (#cite_note-CC-2) Thus, the tapa-sexo , a strip of tape [3] (#cite_note-HP-3) or cloth that strategically covers a dancer's genitalia, prevents the school being penalised in such cases. [2] (#cite_note-CC-2) See also [ edit ] Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Fig leaf (/wiki/Fig_leaf) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Undergarment (/wiki/Undergarment) References [ edit ] Notes ^ a b " Cache-sexe (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cache-sexe) ," Webster's New Millennium Dictionary of English , Preview Edition (v 0.9.7), via Dictionary.com (/wiki/Dictionary.com) . ^ a b c "Tapa Sexo: patch games" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100219084316/http://www.carnavalcity.com/Rio_de_Janeiro_Carnaval/Queens/Tapa_Sexo%3A_patch_games) . CarnavalCity.com . Carnaval.com. 2010-04-11. Archived from the original (http://www.carnavalcity.com/Rio_de_Janeiro_Carnaval/Queens/Tapa_Sexo%3A_patch_games) on February 19, 2010 . Retrieved 2010-07-07 . ^ a b "Nude Carnival Queen, Viviane Castro, Bodypaints Obama On Her Leg (NSFW PHOTO, VIDEO)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100219084316/http://www.carnavalcity.com/Rio_de_Janeiro_Carnaval/Queens/Tapa_Sexo%3A_patch_games) . Huffington Post . HuffingtonPost.com, Inc. 2009-02-22. Archived from the original (http://www.carnavalcity.com/Rio_de_Janeiro_Carnaval/Queens/Tapa_Sexo%3A_patch_games) on 2010-02-19 . Retrieved 2010-07-07 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1931034/) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb169266858) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb169266858) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007417328205171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2015002881) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/182562808) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐qh6x4 Cached time: 20240720170109 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.242 seconds Real time usage: 0.313 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 491/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12074/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 806/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15425/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.174/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4078220/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 286.844 1 -total 35.33% 101.341 1 Template:Reflist 31.50% 90.349 1 Template:Authority_control 30.78% 88.286 2 Template:Cite_web 23.86% 68.447 1 Template:Short_description 12.76% 36.590 2 Template:Pagetype 8.07% 23.141 1 Template:Wiktionary 7.50% 21.519 1 Template:Sister_project 7.05% 20.235 3 Template:Main_other 6.82% 19.568 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:8528606-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720170109 and revision id 1041979251. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cache-sexe&oldid=1041979251 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cache-sexe&oldid=1041979251) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Undergarments (/wiki/Category:Undergarments) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with SUDOC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers)
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Bespoke shirt-maker in Madrid This article is about a shirtmaker in Madrid. For the city in northern Spain, see Burgos (/wiki/Burgos) . Camisería Burgos External view of the store Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Clothing (/wiki/Clothing_industry) Founded 1906 ; 118 years ago ( 1906 ) Founder Julián Pérez Burgos Headquarters Calle Cedaceros 2 Madrid 28014 Spain (/wiki/Spain) Products Shirts (/wiki/Shirt) , pyjamas (/wiki/Pyjama) , knitwear (/wiki/Knitwear) , blazers (/wiki/Blazer) , accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Services Bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke) , made-to-measure (/wiki/Made-to-measure) , ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) Website camiseriaburgos (https://camiseriaburgos.com/en/) .com (https://camiseriaburgos.com/en/) /en (https://camiseriaburgos.com/en/) / (https://camiseriaburgos.com/en/) Camisería Burgos , commonly known as Burgos ( Spanish: [ˈbuɾɣos] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish) ), is a gentleman's bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke) shirtmaker founded in 1906 in Madrid (/wiki/Madrid) . The store has been located at Calle Cedaceros 2 since its opening, and until 1949, had another shop at Boulevard des Capucines (/wiki/Boulevard_des_Capucines) in Paris. Their most popular products are bespoke shirts, guayaberas (/wiki/Guayabera) , pyjamas and Teba jackets (/wiki/Teba_jacket) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Burgos enjoys a Royal Warrant of Appointment (/wiki/Royal_Warrant_of_Appointment_(Spain)) since Alfonso XIII (/wiki/Alfonso_XIII) bestowed it in 1920, and has been the main shirt purveyor to the Royal House of Spain (/wiki/Spanish_royal_family) ever since, Felipe VI (/wiki/Felipe_VI_of_Spain) being a regular customer. Other notable customers include Cary Grant (/wiki/Cary_Grant) , Ernest Hemingway (/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway) , Orson Welles (/wiki/Orson_Welles) , Pablo Picasso (/wiki/Pablo_Picasso) , Jeff Goldblum (/wiki/Jeff_Goldblum) and Tsar Simeon of Bulgaria (/wiki/Simeon_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) It has also provided shirts for numerous films, including those of Woody Allen (/wiki/Woody_Allen) , Adrien Brody (/wiki/Adrien_Brody) , Sharon Stone (/wiki/Sharon_Stone) and Andy García (/wiki/Andy_Garc%C3%ADa) . [4] (#cite_note-4) All clothing is made in Spain (/wiki/Made_in_Spain) . [5] (#cite_note-5) History [ edit ] Camisería Burgos was founded in 1906 by Julián Pérez Burgos in Calle Cedaceros 2, Madrid. [6] (#cite_note-6) In 1936, he moved to Paris fleeing from the Spanish Civil War (/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War) , and opened a second Burgos shop in Boulevard des Capucines (/wiki/Boulevard_des_Capucines) . Santiago Olave, one of his shirt-makers, took over the shop in Madrid, and as of today, it remains in that family. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 1920, Alfonso XIII (/wiki/Alfonso_XIII) became a customer and granted Burgos the Royal Warrant of Appointment (/wiki/Royal_Warrant_of_Appointment_(Spain)) . [ citation needed ] Regal purveyors [ edit ] Felipe VI (/wiki/Felipe_VI) , the king of Spain (/wiki/King_of_spain) , has owned bespoke shirts from Burgos since his first communion (/wiki/First_Communion) in 1975. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) His father, grandfather and great-grandfather: Juan Carlos I (/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I) , the Count of Barcelona (/wiki/Infante_Juan,_Count_of_Barcelona) and Alfonso XIII (/wiki/Alfonso_XIII) respectively, have all been customers of Burgos. [10] (#cite_note-10) Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (/wiki/Simeon_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha) , former Tsar of Bulgaria (/wiki/Tsar_of_Bulgaria) , is another customer. Today [ edit ] The house continues to be a family-owned business, led by Carmen Álvarez Olave, granddaughter of Santiago Olave and 3rd generation in the family. [11] (#cite_note-11) Despite being only present in one location in Madrid, Camisería Burgos travels to receive customers in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) and London (/wiki/London) . [12] (#cite_note-12) View of the interior of the store See also [ edit ] Tailoring (/wiki/Tailoring) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Belén Rodrigo, "Las camisas artesanales de Madrid que visten la realeza, la aristocracia y las estrellas de Hollywood" in (https://www.abc.es/espana/madrid/abci-camisas-artesanales-madrid-visten-realeza-aristocracia-y-estrellas-hollywood-201607250046_noticia.html) ABC , 25 July 2016 (https://www.abc.es/espana/madrid/abci-camisas-artesanales-madrid-visten-realeza-aristocracia-y-estrellas-hollywood-201607250046_noticia.html) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Luis de Vega, "La camisería de Cary Grant sigue abierta en Madrid" in (https://elpais.com/ccaa/2020/02/14/madrid/1581703798_227037.html) El País , 16 February 2020 (https://elpais.com/ccaa/2020/02/14/madrid/1581703798_227037.html) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ángel Becerril, "¿Por qué la guayabera es la prenda masculina imprescindible del verano?" in (https://www.expansion.com/fueradeserie/moda-y-caprichos/2018/08/02/5b56fbf4e2704e3d618b460d.html) Expansión , 2 August 2018 (https://www.expansion.com/fueradeserie/moda-y-caprichos/2018/08/02/5b56fbf4e2704e3d618b460d.html) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Isabel Vaquero, "Las camisas y corbatas de Felipe VI: materiales nobles y motivos sutiles" in (https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2018-12-12/felipe-rey-estilo-corbata-camisa-reloj-analisis_1698890/) Vanitatis , 12 December 2018 (https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2018-12-12/felipe-rey-estilo-corbata-camisa-reloj-analisis_1698890/) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Chris Cotonou, "Camisería Burgos, Regal Shirt-Makers of Spain" in (https://therake.com/stories/camiseria-burgos-regal-shirtmakers-of-madrid/) The Rake , Invalid date (https://therake.com/stories/camiseria-burgos-regal-shirtmakers-of-madrid/) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Francisco Javier Gírela, "Estas son las caminarías que debes conocer si quieres una camisa como la de tu jefe" in (https://www.revistagq.com/moda/fashion-news/articulos/mejores-camiserias-espana/28634) GQ , 3 April 2018 (https://www.revistagq.com/moda/fashion-news/articulos/mejores-camiserias-espana/28634) ^ (#cite_ref-7) María Aguirre, "En busca de la camisa a medida perfecta" in (https://www.abc.es/summum/estilo/moda/abci-busca-camisa-medida-perfecta-201708291001_noticia.html) ABC , 29 August 2017 (https://www.abc.es/summum/estilo/moda/abci-busca-camisa-medida-perfecta-201708291001_noticia.html) ^ (#cite_ref-8) Juan Carlos Rodríguez, "Felipe VI, en guayabera por La Habana" in (https://www.expansion.com/fueradeserie/moda-y-caprichos/2019/11/14/5dcd1366468aeb1f0c8b4631.html) Expansión , 14 November 2019 (https://www.expansion.com/fueradeserie/moda-y-caprichos/2019/11/14/5dcd1366468aeb1f0c8b4631.html) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Gloria Salgado & José Luis Álvarez, "Un Rey con estilo" in (https://www.elcorreo.com/politica/estilo-20180127132326-ntrc.html) El Correo , 27 January 2018 (https://www.elcorreo.com/politica/estilo-20180127132326-ntrc.html) ^ (#cite_ref-10) María Eugenia Yagüe, "El sastre del rey de otros reyes" in (https://www.elmundo.es/magazine/2002/125/1013789769.html#top) El Mundo , 2002 (https://www.elmundo.es/magazine/2002/125/1013789769.html#top) ^ (#cite_ref-11) Gonzalo Rolanía, "Se busca camisa especial" in (https://www.pressreader.com/spain/esquire-spain/20180828/282110637472293) Esquire , 28 August 2018 (https://www.pressreader.com/spain/esquire-spain/20180828/282110637472293) ^ (#cite_ref-12) Agustín Velasco, "De Cifonelli a Tom Baker. ¿Quiénes son los mejores sastres del mundo?" in (https://www.lainformacion.com/gentleman/de-cifonelli-a-tom-baker-quienes-son-los-mejores-sastres-del-mundo/2807201/) La Información , 9 June 2020 (https://www.lainformacion.com/gentleman/de-cifonelli-a-tom-baker-quienes-son-los-mejores-sastres-del-mundo/2807201/) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Camisería Burgos (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Camiser%C3%ADa_Burgos) . Spanish website (https://camiseriaburgos.com) English website (https://camiseriaburgos.com/en/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐pbmdx Cached time: 20240720181637 Cache expiry: 971004 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.261 seconds Real time usage: 0.905 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1846/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16188/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2703/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10069/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.154/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15789103/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 329.686 1 -total 31.50% 103.835 1 Template:IPA-es 30.97% 102.095 1 Template:IPA 26.42% 87.097 1 Template:Infobox_company 23.45% 77.299 1 Template:Infobox 19.09% 62.927 1 Template:Short_description 10.19% 33.592 2 Template:Pagetype 6.91% 22.787 1 Template:Commonscat 6.46% 21.313 8 Template:Main_other 6.10% 20.114 1 Template:Sister_project Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:65765517-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720181637 and revision id 1203795601. 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The Railroad Sock Product type Socks (/wiki/Socks) Owner Family-owned Country United States Introduced At least 1901 ; 123 years ago ( 1901 ) Markets United States Tagline An American Tradition Since 1901 Website https://www.therailroadsock.com/ (https://www.therailroadsock.com/) The Railroad Sock, Inc. is an American sock manufacturer, established in 1901. Its logo depicts an illustration of a locomotive. [1] (#cite_note-1) As of 2022, the socks continue to be manufactured in the United States. [2] (#cite_note-2) Until the late 1990s, the company manufactured two men's sock styles. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) As of 2022, it offers multiple socks in male and female styles including diabetic socks (/wiki/Diabetic_sock) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) History [ edit ] Founder William G. Leininger (1863–1936) was born in Cumru Township, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Cumru_Township,_Berks_County,_Pennsylvania) on December 27, 1863, to Lydia A. Grill Leininger and James Leininger. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) In his youth, he worked on his family farm while attending district schools. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) At 18, circa 1881, he left home to learn the trade of "hat finishing" under John Hendel & Son of Reading, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania) . Circa 1895, he worked in broom manufacturing for 18 months, but this "proved unsatisfactory" for Leininger. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) In March 1896, Leininger collaborated with his cousin George H. Leininger (1862–1935), president of the Mohnton National Bank, [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) to establish a hosiery mill in Mohnton, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Mohnton,_Pennsylvania) [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) titled Industrial Hosiery Mills of Mohnton. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) The mill joined the National Association of Hosiery Manufacturers in 1907. [5] (#cite_note-5) On November 1, 1898, the cousins dissolved the business into two independent mills, both located in Mohnton. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) George H. Leininger retained the Industrial Hosiery Mills of Mohnton name; George's plant would continue to dye and finish textiles until at least 1925. [6] (#cite_note-6) Circa 1909, George's Industrial Hosiery Mills of Mohnton company shipped products "throughout the United States, Canada, and to Honolulu (/wiki/Honolulu) ." George would go on to found multiple textile mills in Pennsylvania, employing about 60 hands at each. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) In 1898, William G. Leininger began production of the men's half hose and partnered with New York agents. These were likely Robert P. Steele & Co [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) and, later, the Dwight S. Williams Company, Inc. [8] (#cite_note-:3-8) The Dwight S. Williams company claims the "The Railroad Sock" logo and brand was advertised in 1901. [8] (#cite_note-:3-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) On January 1, 1907, William G. Leininger opened another Leininger Hosiery Mill on 5 Old Wernersville Road in Fritztown, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Fritztown,_Pennsylvania) , [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) which produced 200 dozen pair of hosiery daily. [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) By this time, he operated the factory in Mohnton and others in Berks County (/wiki/Berks_County,_Pennsylvania) , according to local historian Paul Miller of the Sinking Spring Area (/wiki/Sinking_Spring,_Pennsylvania) Historical Society. [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) The 1910 "The Blue Book" Textile Directory claims Leininger was represented by Robert P. Steele & Co. and had 65 employees. [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) On July 10, 1913, Robert P. Steele and Co. applied for copyright on the label showing "The Railroad Sock" accompanying an image of a train. [11] (#cite_note-11) The U.S. Patent Office granted them the Certificate of Copyright No. 3424 on November 18, 1913. [12] (#cite_note-12) Agents Robert P. Steele & Co. [13] (#cite_note-13) was the predecessor to Dwight S. Williams Co., Inc. [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) After its acquisition, the Williams Co. applied for a series of trademarks regarding male socks and a train theme, including: November 10, 1948 – registering "The Railroad Sock" along with a modern locomotive illustration (United States Patent Office Registration No. 524,743, granted May 2, 1950) [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) January 12, 1954 – registering "the pictorial illustration of an older type locomotive and train" on conjunction with a men's sock (US Patent Office Registration No. 584,507, granted January 4, 1955) [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) January 4, 1955 – granted slogan "Sock Line of the Nation" (Registration No. 600,543) [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) February 15, 1955 – men's sock titled "The Railroad Sock" (Registration No. 602,189) [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) Lawsuit [ edit ] During "the latter part of 1953," Lykens Hosiery Mills Inc. of Lykens, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Lykens,_Pennsylvania) [15] (#cite_note-15) began selling a men's work sock titled the "Trainman" with an illustration of a train and similar colors and packaging to the Railroad Sock. [14] (#cite_note-:5-14) In April 1956, the Dwight S. Williams company sued Hosiery Mills, Inc. for their sock titled "Trainman Socks," which was considered by the plaintiff to be copyright infringement and "unfair competition." [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) [ further explanation needed ] Hillsboro Hosiery Mills, Inc. in Hillsborough, New Hampshire (/wiki/Hillsborough,_New_Hampshire) changed their name and headquarters to The Railroad Sock, Inc. in Mohnton, PA on October 13, 1964. [18] (#cite_note-18) Ownership [ edit ] Three generations of Leiningers operated the company. In the 1970s, Fritz and Dorris Killian bought the company. Fritz Killian died in 1986, after which the business was sold to Dennis and Jan Downing. Around this time, the business "owned 40 knitting machines and made only two men's sock styles." [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) In 2022, Amanda Kunkel Beech and her brother Charles Kunkel purchased the company; their website states their intention to "[keep] the emphasis on family-run, high quality, durability and American manufacturing." [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) See also [ edit ] The Pennsylvania Railroad (/wiki/Pennsylvania_Railroad) , established in 1846, which inspired the name References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) The United States Patents Quarterly . Associated Industry Publications. 1956. pp. 328–9. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Nepenthes On Running Cloudmonster Editorial | SneakerNews.com" (https://sneakernews.com/2022/04/15/nepenthes-new-york-on-running-cloudmonster-editorial/) . Sneaker News . April 15, 2022 . Retrieved December 11, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "About | The Railroad Sock" (https://www.therailroadsock.com/) . Therailroadsock . Retrieved December 12, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Montgomery, Morton Luther (1909). Historical and Biographical Annals of Berks County, Pennsylvania: Embracing a Concise History of the County and a Genealogical and Biographical Record of Representative Families . J. H. Beers. pp. 1045 (George), 1046 (William). ^ (#cite_ref-5) Textile World . Bragdon, Lord & Nagle Company. 1907. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Industrial Directory of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania . Pennsylvania, Department of Internal Affairs. 1925. p. 105. ^ Jump up to: a b Davison's Textile Blue Book: United States and Canada . Davison Publishing Company. 1910. p. 483. ^ Jump up to: a b Office, United States Patent (November 1954). Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office . U.S. Patent Office. p. 654. ^ (#cite_ref-9) USPTO. "THE RAILROAD SOCK – Dwight S. Williams Company, Inc. Trademark Registration" (https://uspto.report/TM/71568556) . USPTO.report . Retrieved December 11, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Berks Places: Fritztown a long, winding village spanning 2 townships" (https://www.readingeagle.com/2022/05/02/berks-places-fritztown) . Reading Eagle . May 2, 2022 . Retrieved December 11, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Dwight S. Williams Co. v. Lykens Hosiery Mills, No. 7135" (https://case-law.vlex.com/vid/dwight-s-williams-co-890879705) . vLex . Retrieved December 11, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Office, United States Patent (1913). Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office . The Office. p. 802. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Polk's (Trow's) New York Copartnership and Corporation Directory, Boroughs of Manhattan and Bronx . 1909. p. 691. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Dwight S. Williams Co. v. Lykens Hosiery Mills, 233 F.2d 398 | Casetext Search + Citator" (https://casetext.com/case/dwight-s-williams-co-v-lykens-hosiery-mills) . casetext.com . Retrieved December 14, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Lykens Hosiery Mills – Matchbook Cover" (https://www.lykensvalley.org/lykens-hosiery-mills-matchbook-cover/) . Lykens Valley: History & Genealogy . March 20, 2020 . Retrieved December 14, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Federal Supplement: Cases Argued and Determined in the District Courts of the United States and the Court of Claims, with Key Number Annotations . West Publishing Company. 1956. pp. 214–217. ^ (#cite_ref-17) States, United (1997). United States Code Annotated: Comprising All Laws of a General and Permanent Nature Under Arrangement of Official Code of the Laws of the United States, with Annotations from Federal and State Courts . West Publishing Company. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Index of Trade-marks Issued from the United States Patent Office . The Office. 1965. p. 124. 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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Italia_Independent_Group) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Italia_Independent_Group) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Italia_Independent_Group&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( October 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs to be updated . Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Italia Independent Group Company type S.p.A. (/wiki/Joint_stock_company#Italy) ( Public Limited Company (/wiki/Public_Limited_Company) ) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) BIT (/wiki/Borsa_Italiana) : IIG (https://www.borsaitaliana.it/borsa/azioni/scheda/IT0004937469.html?lang=en) Industry Holding company (/wiki/Holding_company) Founded 2008 [1] (#cite_note-founded-1) Founder Lapo Elkann (/wiki/Lapo_Elkann) , Andrea Tessitore (/wiki/Andrea_Tessitore) , Giovanni Accongiagioco Defunct 2024 [2] (#cite_note-2) Headquarters Turin (/wiki/Turin) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Products Eyewear and Sunglasses Net income (/wiki/Net_income) €581,248 [3] (#cite_note-3) (2014) Total assets (/wiki/Asset) €47,634,619 (2014) Total equity (/wiki/Equity_(finance)) €15,998,426 (2014) Subsidiaries (/wiki/Subsidiary) Italia Independent (/wiki/Italia_Independent) Independent Ideas Spirit Vodka Sound Identity Care Label Independent Value Card [4] (#cite_note-4) Website Italiaindependentgroup.com (http://italiaindependentgroup.com/index_ing.html) Italia Independent Group S.p.A. (/wiki/Joint_stock_company#Italy) is a holding corporation (/wiki/Holding_company) for an Italian company (/wiki/Economy_of_Italy) that produces and distributes eyewear and sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) . [5] (#cite_note-5) History [ edit ] The brand Italia Independent was founded in 2007 by Lapo Elkann (/wiki/Lapo_Elkann) , Andrea Tessitore (/wiki/Andrea_Tessitore) and Giovanni Accongiagioco. [6] (#cite_note-6) The first model of sunglasses was made of carbon fiber, [7] (#cite_note-7) handmade in Italy and presented at the Pitti Uomo in Florence. Italia Independent, the design company, is entirely owned by its holding company (/wiki/Holding_company) , Italia Independent Group. The holding company debuted in the Italian Stock Exchange (/wiki/Italian_Stock_Exchange) in 2013. [8] (#cite_note-corriere.it-8) Italia Independent launched on January 9, 2007 during Pitti Uomo (/wiki/Pitti_Uomo) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2008 Italia Independent was acquired by Italia Independent Group, created to manage new divisions of the company. Italia Independent Group debuted in the stock exchange in 2013. [8] (#cite_note-corriere.it-8) In 2009 opened the brand's first showroom in Milan (/wiki/Milan) [10] (#cite_note-10) with sunglasses and clothing collections. On 28 June 2013, Italia Independent Group was listed on the AIM segment of the Italian Stock Exchange (/wiki/Italian_Stock_Exchange) , the market for smaller Italian companies, with code IIG. [11] (#cite_note-products-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Technology [ edit ] The company received an award from the MIT Technology Review (/wiki/MIT_Technology_Review) for use thermosensitive fiber and microfiber (/wiki/Microfiber) linings. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-founded_1-0) "The company was founded in 2008 as a holding" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055618/http://www.istitutomarangoni.com/en/news-events/detail/lapo-elkann-presents-italia-independent) . istitutomarangoni.com . Archived from the original (http://www.istitutomarangoni.com/en/news-events/detail/lapo-elkann-presents-italia-independent) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2015-10-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Lapo Elkann chiude Italia Independent: in liquidazione la società per cui aveva sborsato 40 milioni" (https://www.corriere.it/economia/finanza/24_gennaio_27/lapo-elkann-chiude-italia-independent-liquidazione-societa-cui-aveva-sborsato-40-milioni-ece32c5c-bc86-11ee-996d-60eabc1bbbc8.shtml) . corriere.it. corriere.it. 29 January 2024 . Retrieved 29 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304191429/http://italiaindependentgroup.com/dl/IIG-Nota_integrativa_al_bilancio_consolidato+ordinato_al_31.12.14_(DEF).pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (http://italiaindependentgroup.com/dl/IIG-Nota_integrativa_al_bilancio_consolidato+ordinato_al_31.12.14_%28DEF%29.pdf) (PDF) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2016-02-16 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Portfolio Companies" (http://italiaindependentgroup.com/) . italiaindependentgroup.com . Retrieved 2 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Company overview" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=240848286) . bloomberg.com . Retrieved 1 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Italia independent Group becomes official" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150815075016/http://italiaindependentgroup.com/dl/nasce_italia_independent_group_spa.pdf) (PDF) . italiaindependentgroup.com . Archived from the original (http://italiaindependentgroup.com/dl/nasce_italia_independent_group_spa.pdf) (PDF) on 2015-08-15 . Retrieved 2015-10-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Italia independent thermosensitive sunglasses" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151006180733/http://all-eyesonme.com/italia-independent-the-first-brand-to-launch-thermosensitive-sunglasses/) . all-eyesonme.com . Archived from the original (http://all-eyesonme.com/italia-independent-the-first-brand-to-launch-thermosensitive-sunglasses/) on 6 October 2015 . Retrieved 1 October 2015 . ^ a b "Lapo, battesimo col botto in Borsa" – corriere.it June 28, 2013 (http://www.corriere.it/economia/13_giugno_28/lapo-elkann-quotazione_c9e5f12c-dfdc-11e2-b1a7-8dfb006d0609.shtml) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Interview with Corriere della Sera – June 6, 2007 (http://www.corriere.it/Primo_Piano/Cronache/2007/06_Giugno/08/lapo_nuova_vita.shtml) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lapo Elkann opens Independent Ideas in Milan (http://www.affaritaliani.it/milano/lapo_elkann_apre_indipendent_ideas_a_milano200709.html) ^ (#cite_ref-products_11-0) "Italia Independent on Italian Stock Exchange" (http://www.borsaitaliana.it/borsa/azioni/aim-italia/scheda/IT0004937469.html?lang=en) . borsaitaliana.it . Retrieved 1 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Italia independent quote" (https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/IIG:IM) . bloomberg.org . Retrieved 1 October 2015 . 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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Dutch_Fashion_Awards) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Dutch_Fashion_Awards) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article may contain excessive or inappropriate references to self-published sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dutch_Fashion_Awards&action=edit) by removing references to unreliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) where they are used inappropriately. ( April 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . 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Find sources: "Dutch Fashion Awards" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Dutch+Fashion+Awards%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article includes a list of references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , related reading (/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading) , or external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links) , but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( April 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The Dutch Fashion Awards is an annual awards ceremony (/wiki/Awards_ceremony) first organised by the Dutch Fashion Foundation (/wiki/Dutch_Fashion_Foundation) in 2007. Editions [ edit ] Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards 2007 [ edit ] The first edition of the Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards took place at the Beurs van Berlage in Amsterdam on 1 November 2007. Nominees: Francisco van Benthum, Spijkers en Spijkers, Mada van Gaans, Klavers van Engelen, Jeroen van Tuyl, Jan Taminiau, Daryl van Wouw Jury members: Maria Luisa Poumaillou, Valentina Maggi, Bernadette Whitmann, Christine Ellis, Cecilia Jesi Ferrari, Barbara Franchin (/wiki/Barbara_Franchin) Award Winner Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Award Klavers van Engelen (/w/index.php?title=Klavers_van_Engelen&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Icon Femme Carice van Houten (/wiki/Carice_van_Houten) Dutch Fashion Icon Homme Ruud van der Peijl (/w/index.php?title=Ruud_van_der_Peijl&action=edit&redlink=1) Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards 2008 [ edit ] The second edition of the Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards took place at the Beurs van Berlage in Amsterdam on 7 November 2008. Nominees: Francisco van Benthum, G+N, Percy Irausquin, Jeroen van Tuyl, Monique van Heist, Mada van Gaans, Joline Jolink (/w/index.php?title=Joline_Jolink&action=edit&redlink=1) Jury members: Christine Ellis, Terron Schaefer, Franck Jacquard, Paul Helbers, Andreina Longhi, Beppe Angiolini Award Winner Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Award Monique van Heist (/wiki/Monique_van_Heist) Dutch Fashion Incubator Award Monique van Heist Dutch Fashion Media Award Monique van Heist Dutch Fashion Icon Femme Aynouk Tan (/w/index.php?title=Aynouk_Tan&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Icon Homme Carlo Wijnands (/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Wijnands&action=edit&redlink=1) Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards 2009 [ edit ] The third edition of the Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Awards took place at the Grote Kerk in The Hague on 6 November 2009. Nominees: Jeroen van Tuyl, Iris van Herpen, Sjaak Hullekes, Mada van Gaans, Bas Kosters Jury members: Beppe Angiolini, Valentina Maggi, Jean Jacques Picart, Marc Gysemans, Wilbert Das Award Winner Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Award Sjaak Hullekes (/w/index.php?title=Sjaak_Hullekes&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Incubator Award Bas Kosters (/wiki/Bas_Kosters) Dutch Fashion Media Award Iris van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_van_Herpen) Dutch Fashion Icon Femme Bonnie Orleans Voss (/w/index.php?title=Bonnie_Orleans_Voss&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Icon Homme Ferry van der Nat (/w/index.php?title=Ferry_van_der_Nat&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Awards 2010 [ edit ] The fourth edition of the Dutch Fashion Awards took place at the Grote Kerk in The Hague on 5 November 2010. Nominees: Bas Kosters (/wiki/Bas_Kosters) , Claes Iversen (/w/index.php?title=Claes_Iversen&action=edit&redlink=1) , Conny Groenewegen (/w/index.php?title=Conny_Groenewegen&action=edit&redlink=1) , Iris van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_van_Herpen) , Marcha Hüskes (/w/index.php?title=Marcha_H%C3%BCskes&action=edit&redlink=1) Jury members: Beppe Angiolini (/w/index.php?title=Beppe_Angiolini&action=edit&redlink=1) , Donald Potard (/w/index.php?title=Donald_Potard&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mandi Lennard (/w/index.php?title=Mandi_Lennard&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mauro Galligari (/w/index.php?title=Mauro_Galligari&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mauro Marcos Fabbri (/w/index.php?title=Mauro_Marcos_Fabbri&action=edit&redlink=1) Award Winner Mercedes-Benz Dutch Fashion Award Iris van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_van_Herpen) Dutch Fashion Incubator Award Iris van Herpen International Fashion Incubator Award Bas Kosters (/wiki/Bas_Kosters) Dutch Fashion Accessory Award Iris van Herpen Dutch Fashion Icon Femme Stacey Rookhuizen (/w/index.php?title=Stacey_Rookhuizen&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch Fashion Icon Homme Jean Paul Paula (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Paul_Paula&action=edit&redlink=1) See also [ edit ] List of fashion awards (/wiki/List_of_fashion_awards) Sources [ edit ] 2007-09-01, Reclameweek, ‘Mercedes is haute couture’ 2007-11-02, NRC Handelsbald, ‘Duo wint Dutch Fashion Award’, Georgette Koning 2007-11-02, Het Parool, ‘Prijs Mercedes voor mode’ 2008-09-13, Algemeen Dagblad, ‘Samenwerking ter promotie Nederlands modetalent’, Judith Kloppenburg 2008-11-11, Style.com, ‘Multiple Viktors, Rolfs at Dutch Fashion Awards’, Gudrun Wilcocks, http://www.style.com/stylefile/2008/11/multiple-viktors-rolfs-at-dutch-fashion-awards (http://www.style.com/stylefile/2008/11/multiple-viktors-rolfs-at-dutch-fashion-awards) 2008-12-01, MOOD magazine, ‘Dutch Fashion Awards help Young designers’ 2009-11-08, De Telegraaf, ‘Creaties Hullekes vallen in de smaak’, Michou Basu 2009-12-01, INDIE magazine, ‘A touch of Dutch’, Claudia Hubmann 2010-01-05, Het Parool, ‘Hulp voor starters in de mode’ 2010-11-09, Vogue.com UK, ‘One to watch’, Lauren Milligan, https://web.archive.org/web/20110612024835/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/101109-iris-van-herpen-wins-award.aspx (https://web.archive.org/web/20110612024835/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/101109-iris-van-herpen-wins-award.aspx) 2010-11-16, Milano Finanza, ‘Van Herpen vince l’edizione 2010 del Dutch Fashion Award’, Michela Zio External links [ edit ] Dutch Fashion Awards website (http://www.dutchfashionawards.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐847ddf5d88‐x7x8c Cached time: 20240708234657 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.116 seconds Real time usage: 0.207 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 664/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69813/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 18111/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9331/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.058/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1685592/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 130.82% 225.959 5 Template:Ambox 100.00% 172.722 1 Template:Multiple_issues 100.00% 172.722 1 -total 38.27% 66.105 1 Template:No_footnotes 22.50% 38.854 1 Template:Self-published 9.46% 16.345 1 Template:Primary_sources 7.68% 13.270 1 Template:Notability 7.58% 13.087 2 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 2.91% 5.032 1 Template:Strong 2.10% 3.634 2 Template:Yesno-no Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31555716-0!canonical and timestamp 20240708234657 and revision id 1190782209. 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Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) For more information, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) . This category is for fashion (/wiki/Fashion) articles that are rated as Stub-class on the Wikipedia 1.0 Assessment Scale (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Assessment) . Place articles in this category by typing this on the article's Talk page: {{WikiProject Fashion|importance=XXX|class=Stub}} Administrators: Please do not delete this category as empty! This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. 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(/wiki/Category:Unassessed_fashion_articles) 27 0 96 453 1,362 4,790 2,498 2 125 1,295 18 150 75 2 31 124 517 589 See also Category:Fashion articles by importance (/wiki/Category:Fashion_articles_by_importance) . 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Scottish highland dance For other uses, see Earl of Erroll (disambiguation) (/wiki/Earl_of_Erroll_(disambiguation)) . Earl of Erroll Highland dancing, Dornoch (/wiki/Dornoch) Genre Scottish highland dance (/wiki/Scottish_highland_dance) Time signature 4 4 Origin Scotland (/wiki/Scotland) The Earl of Erroll is a Scottish highland dance (/wiki/Scottish_highland_dance) sometimes danced today at Highland games (/wiki/Highland_games) around the world, as part of Scottish National dances repertoire. It is danced to two slow reels ( 4 4 ), Earl of Erroll and the 23rd Countess of Erroll. [1] (#cite_note-1) The dance takes its name from James Hay, 15th Earl of Erroll (/wiki/James_Hay,_15th_Earl_of_Erroll) . It has been suggested that it was choreographed by Francis Peacock (/wiki/Francis_Peacock) for the eponymous Earl because the Earl of Erroll was listed as one of the subscribers to Peacock's 1805 book Sketches Relative to the History and Theory but More Especially to the Practice of Dancing ; however, no evidence linking a choreography of this name to Peacock's teaching legacy survives and no Earl of Erroll dance is described within that book. Peacock, also a musician, did dedicate a published collection of tunes, including one with the title The Earl of Erroll, to the Earl of Erroll. [2] (#cite_note-2) The dance was likely originally performed in hard-soled dress shoes. The dance came back to the repertoire of Scottish dancers after it was published in 1953 by Mrs Isobel (Tibbie) Cramb, [3] (#cite_note-3) with reference to Frederick Hill's Manuscript (1841) and Miss Cruickshank of Aberdeen. It is still seen as a soft balletic Scottish step dance by RSCDS teachers [4] (#cite_note-4) The Earl of Erroll is considered one of the hardest national dances to perform well. [5] (#cite_note-5) A Scottish country dance of a somewhat similar name, Earl of Errol's Reel , is performed in groups of 6 dancers (3-couple sets) as part of Scottish country dancing (/wiki/Scottish_country_dancing) repertoire. [6] (#cite_note-6) The Earl of Errol's Reel is a jig, collected in Quebec, Canada, by Mary Isdal MacNab, who noted that the dance originated in France. It is a 6 8 jig, performed to a tune Mrs McMillan's Quadrille . [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) United Kingdom Alliance of Professional Teachers of Dancing (2012). The UKA Highland, National and Hebridean Book . Blackpool. p. 15-16. ^ (#cite_ref-2) McKee Stapleton, Anne (2014). Pointed Encounters: Dance in Post-Culloden Scottish Literature . Rodopi. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9789401211116 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Cramb, Isobel (1953). Four Step Dances . Edinburgh. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Royal Scottish Country Dance Society (2013). St Andrew's Collection of Step Dances . Vol. 1. p. 28-29. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Highland Dance History" (http://thistledancersandpipers.weebly.com/history-of-the-dances.html) . The Thistle Dancers And Pipers . Retrieved 6 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The Earl Of Errol's Reel" (http://www.scottish-country-dancing-dictionary.com/dance-crib/earl-of-errols-reel.html) . Scottish Country Dancing Dictionary . Retrieved 6 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Royal Scottish Country Dance Society (2007). Scottish Dances Collected by Mary Isdal MacNab . Edinburgh. p. 8-9. External links [ edit ] Performance of the Earl of Erroll on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐vkm6m Cached time: 20240715124003 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.260 seconds Real time usage: 0.393 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1594/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19950/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2558/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14765/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.158/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4224956/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 360.903 1 -total 34.48% 124.449 1 Template:Short_description 34.20% 123.439 1 Template:Reflist 26.80% 96.713 1 Template:Cite_book 15.48% 55.856 2 Template:Pagetype 14.56% 52.550 1 Template:Infobox_dance 14.22% 51.329 4 Template:Main_other 13.96% 50.396 1 Template:Infobox 13.59% 49.053 1 Template:SDcat 7.66% 27.651 1 Template:Other_uses Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:46336376-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715124003 and revision id 1162292239. 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The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Annelies Nuy" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Annelies+Nuy%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Annelies+Nuy%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Annelies+Nuy%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Annelies+Nuy%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Annelies+Nuy%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Annelies+Nuy%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Annelies Nuy (born 15 December 1960) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Dutch fashion designer, founder of the lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) line Der Kommissar . Nuy was born in Doornenburg (/wiki/Doornenburg) , studied fashion and "new media" at the Academy for Applied Arts in Arnhem (/wiki/Arnhem) , and in 1997 launched one of the first fashion websites. [ citation needed ] In 1998 she launched FashionFastForward, the first Dutch fashion platform with a sales module; this was in operation until May 2002, when she took a position with the Beroepsorganisatie Nederlandse Ontwerpers (the association of Dutch designers and illustrators). [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2023 Nuy launched her abstract art in an immersive space in her 62nd year. https://anasaea.com/viewGallery/NZSEguSRR4Q3RXsXs (https://anasaea.com/viewGallery/NZSEguSRR4Q3RXsXs) In 2006 Nuy launched Der Kommissar, a lingerie label which included fetish themes. Nuy said in 2006, when her first collection was shown, that the clothes were primarily intended not for functionality, but to enable the client to "play with her alter ego", [3] (#cite_note-3) and titled her summer 2009 collection "High Fetish Alterego Lingerie". [4] (#cite_note-Textilia-4) The brand's philosophy has been put in terms of "four P's": "Please, Play, Passion and Power". Between 2006 and 2009, she presented her collections during the Amsterdam Fashion week (/wiki/Fashion_week) , [4] (#cite_note-Textilia-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) at Mode Marché Rotterdam (/wiki/Rotterdam) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) and at the Arnhem Fashion Biennale. [8] (#cite_note-8) In addition she presented internationally at the first Glasgow Fashion Week, [9] (#cite_note-9) at the Interfiliere Evolution Days in Paris [10] (#cite_note-10) and at the first Boudoir Show in Berlin, for which Nuy designed lingerie for Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) . [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Annelies Nuy (https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/115573) at the RKD (/wiki/RKD) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "FashionFastForward: mode met technologie"; "FashionFastForward staakt activiteiten" (https://www.fashionunited.nl/nieuws/fashion%20community%20.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185343/http://www.fashionunited.nl/nieuws/fashion%20community%20.htm#) 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Fashion United, 5 April 2002, 14 June 2002 (in Dutch) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "AIFW: Der Kommissar" (https://www.fashionunited.nl/Content_by_Mail/Received_content/AIFW%3A_Der_Kommissar_200607315757/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110724164847/http://www.fashionunited.nl/Content_by_Mail/Received_content/AIFW%3A_Der_Kommissar_200607315757/) 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Fashion United, 31 July 2006 (in Dutch) ^ a b "Der Kommissar toont alter ego op Amsterdam International Fashion Week" (https://archive.today/20130703132217/http://www.textilia.nl/nieuws/bodyfashion/nid784-der-kommissar-toont-alter-ego-op-amsterdam-international-fashion-week-.html) , Textilia, 25 July 2008 (in Dutch) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Amsterdam International Fashion Week geopend", Brabants Dagblad (/wiki/Brabants_Dagblad) , 26 July 2006 (in Dutch) ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Mode Marché Rotterdam: Candy store for fashionistas!", Fibre2Fashion.com, 24 August 2006. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Mode Marché gegroeid" (https://archive.today/20130703123327/http://www.fashionunited.nl/Nieuws/Columns/Mode_March%E9_gegroeid_200806206983/) , Fashion United, 20 June 2008 (in Dutch) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Dutch 'Happy Fashion' at Arnhem Fashion Biennale", Fibre2Fashion.com, 5 June 2007. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "The wraps come off for fashion week first" (http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/the-wraps-come-off-for-fashion-week-first-1.944698) , Evening Times (/wiki/Evening_Times) , 7 March 2007: "There will be no big international names at the event, which will include two labels from Holland - Daryl Van Wouw and lingerie specialists Der Kommissar." ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Interfiliere Evolution Days, 18th June 2009, Palais des Congrès, Porte Maillot, Paris: Tried, Tested and Approved!", final report, Fibre2Fashion.com. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Новости 'Будуара'" (http://www.modnoe.ru/node/5135) , Modnoe.ru, 24 June 2009 (in Russian) ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Boudoir abgesagt" (http://www.textilwirtschaft.de/business/Boudoir-abgesagt_64179.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023155/http://www.textilwirtschaft.de/business/Boudoir-abgesagt_64179.html#) 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , TextilWirtschaft, 17 June 2010 (in German) External links [ edit ] Der Kommissar (https://web.archive.org/web/20130511062559/http://www.derkommissarshop.com/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists RKD Artists (https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/115573) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐kd7fg Cached time: 20240714073758 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.608 seconds Real time usage: 0.725 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 717/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 18455/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 957/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13223/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.461/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16312179/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 691.763 1 -total 36.63% 253.379 1 Template:Reflist 30.24% 209.162 1 Template:ACArt 29.74% 205.707 7 Template:In_lang 19.02% 131.558 1 Template:Notability 18.23% 126.101 1 Template:Ambox 7.10% 49.147 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 5.29% 36.577 1 Template:Citation_needed 4.43% 30.664 1 Template:Fix 3.43% 23.733 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39341721-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714073758 and revision id 1178547603. 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(Redirected from Anwar Hadid (/w/index.php?title=Anwar_Hadid&redirect=no) ) American real estate developer For the Iraqi minister, see Mohammed Hadid (/wiki/Mohammed_Hadid) . Mohamed Hadid Born Mohamed Anwar Hadid ( 1948-11-06 ) November 6, 1948 (age 75) Nazareth (/wiki/Nazareth) (now Israel (/wiki/Israel) ) Citizenship United States Jordan [1] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-1) Alma mater North Carolina State University (/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology) Occupation Real estate developer Years active Late 1970s – present Known for Developing mansions in Bel Air (/wiki/Bel_Air,_Los_Angeles) and Beverly Hills, California (/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California) Spouses Mary Butler ( div. 1992) Yolanda van den Herik (/wiki/Yolanda_van_den_Herik) ( m. 1994; div. 2000) Partner Shiva Safai (2014–2019) Children 5, including Gigi (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) and Bella (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) Website mohamedhadid (http://mohamedhadid.com) .com (http://mohamedhadid.com) Mohamed Anwar Hadid ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) h ə ˈ d iː d / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) hə- DEED ; Arabic (/wiki/Arabic_language) : محمد أنور حديد ; born ( 1948-11-06 ) November 6, 1948) [2] (#cite_note-2) is an American real estate developer. He is known for building luxury hotels and mansions, mainly in the Bel Air (/wiki/Bel_Air,_Los_Angeles) neighborhood of Los Angeles and the city of Beverly Hills, California (/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California) . He is the father of models Gigi (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) and Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) . Early life Hadid was born into a Palestinian Muslim (/wiki/Islam_in_Palestine) family [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-alarabiya-5) in 1948 [6] (#cite_note-Regardies-6) in Nazareth (/wiki/Nazareth) . [1] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-1) He is the son of Anwar Mohamed Hadid (1918 [7] (#cite_note-7) –1989 [8] (#cite_note-WP-8) ) and his wife Khairiah Hadid (née Daher; 1925–2008), [9] (#cite_note-9) and has two brothers and five sisters. [8] (#cite_note-WP-8) Through his mother, Hadid claims descent from Dahir al-Umar (/wiki/Zahir_al-Umar) , an 18th-century Arab (/wiki/Arabs) ruler of northern Palestine (/wiki/Palestine_(region)) . [10] (#cite_note-Fortune-10) [11] (#cite_note-ANGE-11) Due to the 1947–1949 Palestine War (/wiki/1947%E2%80%931949_Palestine_war) , Hadid and his family fled to Lebanon as part of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight (/wiki/1948_Palestinian_expulsion_and_flight) , ultimately settling in Syria. In 1989, Hadid stated his father left because he "did not want the family to live under the Israeli occupation." [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2015, Hadid stated in a post on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) : "...[W]e became refugees to Syria and we lost our home in Safad (/wiki/Safad) to a Jewish family that we sheltered when they were refugees from Poland on the ship that was sailing from country to country and no one would take them... they were our guest for 2 years till they made us refugees and they kicked us out of our own home." [13] (#cite_note-13) His father studied at a teachers' college in Jerusalem (/wiki/Jerusalem) and attended a university [ which? ] in Syria to study law, before working in land settlement for the British authorities (/wiki/British_Empire) and teaching English at a teachers' college in Mandatory Palestine (/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine) . In 1948, the family moved to Syria, and Hadid's father joined the United States Information Agency (/wiki/United_States_Information_Agency) (USIA) and Voice of America (/wiki/Voice_of_America) (VOA). Hadid and his family lived in Damascus (/wiki/Damascus) , Tunisia and Greece before moving to Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) when he was 14 years old, as his father had a job at the VOA headquarters there and spent the rest of his career there with VOA and USIA as a writer, editor and translator. [8] (#cite_note-WP-8) [10] (#cite_note-Fortune-10) [14] (#cite_note-WashingtonPost-14) Hadid graduated from Washington-Lee High School (/wiki/Washington-Liberty_High_School) in Arlington, Virginia (/wiki/Arlington_County,_Virginia) , where he was the only Arab student, before attending North Carolina State University (/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology) . [14] (#cite_note-WashingtonPost-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [1] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-1) Career Among his early ventures was a company that exported equipment to the Middle East. [6] (#cite_note-Regardies-6) [16] (#cite_note-wapo-whois-16) He started his career restoring and reselling classic cars in the Georgetown (/wiki/Georgetown_(Washington,_D.C.)) neighbourhood of Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) , before moving to Greece, where he opened a nightclub on an island, and with the profits, started developing real estate in the United States. [17] (#cite_note-hauteliving-17) In the 1980s, much of his financial clout came from the SAAR Foundation (/wiki/SAAR_Foundation) , a Herndon (/wiki/Herndon,_Virginia) -based foundation with Saudi roots. The foundation was a 50–50 partner in many of Hadid's ventures. [16] (#cite_note-wapo-whois-16) In the late 1980s, he faced at least 30 lawsuits from creditors and banks claiming he had not fulfilled various financial obligations. [18] (#cite_note-wapo-hardtimes-18) He paid $150 million for the Ritz-Carlton hotels in Washington and New York. He also converted a Houston hotel into a Ritz-Carlton Hotel and developed a Ritz-Carlton resort in Scottsdale, Arizona. He outmaneuvered Donald Trump, paying $42.9 million for several choice parcels in Aspen and announcing plans for a 292-room Ritz resort. [16] (#cite_note-wapo-whois-16) [18] (#cite_note-wapo-hardtimes-18) In 1992, a settlement was reached in a lawsuit by Riggs Bank against Columbia First Bank Chairman Melvin Lenkin, a Hadid partner in a Washington, D.C., construction project that involved a loan on which Hadid defaulted. Following the settlement Hadid closed his local office, lost his McLean home to foreclosure, and left the Washington area. [19] (#cite_note-19) He developed Le Belvedere, a mansion in Bel Air (/wiki/Bel_Air,_Los_Angeles) , Los Angeles, [20] (#cite_note-nimbybattle-20) that sold for $50 million in 2010. In 2012, he developed The Crescent Palace, a 48,000-square-foot home on an acre plot next door to the Beverly Hills Hotel (/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Hotel) , which he listed for sale at $58 million. [21] (#cite_note-Forbes_20120628-21) Estate on Strada Vecchia Road Shortly after Hadid received approval for the construction of a mansion in Bel Air, the Bel Air Homeowners Alliance, chaired by Fred Rosen (/wiki/Fred_Rosen_(businessman)) , was formed to oppose it. [20] (#cite_note-nimbybattle-20) In January 2015, Nancy Walton Laurie (/wiki/Nancy_Walton_Laurie) , an heiress to the Walmart (/wiki/Walmart) fortune and a Bel Air resident, filed a lawsuit through her company, LW Partnership, against Hadid. [22] (#cite_note-bhcouriermattlopez-22) Laurie accused Hadid of damaging the roots of a eucalyptus tree (/wiki/Eucalyptus_tree) on her property with a retaining wall he built next to her house. [22] (#cite_note-bhcouriermattlopez-22) In December 2015, the Los Angeles city council (/wiki/Los_Angeles_City_Council) voted to pursue criminal charges over a claim that Hadid violated local zoning (/wiki/Zoning) laws. The council alleged he built his house contrary to multiple planning orders and made it twice the permitted size. [23] (#cite_note-Telegraph-23) [24] (#cite_note-did901bhcourier-24) In May 2017, Hadid pleaded no contest to misdemeanor charges stemming from mansion-construction issues for which he did not receive city approval, and was sentenced that July to community service and fines. [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) In July 2017, he was sentenced to 200 hours of community service, summoned to return $14,191 to the City of Los Angeles in damages, and fined $3,000. [27] (#cite_note-bhcouriermattlopezhadidfinedsentenced-27) He was also given a three-year probation period to ensure the property would comply with existing regulations, or he would face a 180-day jail sentence. [27] (#cite_note-bhcouriermattlopezhadidfinedsentenced-27) A 2018 civil lawsuit filed by multiple neighbors resulted in Hadid being made to pay a reward of $3 million. In 2019, Los Angeles County Superior Court (/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Superior_Court) Judge Craig D. Karlan ordered the demolition of the 30,000 sq ft (2,800 m 2 ) structure, declaring that it put neighbors at, "legitimate risk of suffering damage and harm to their home." The property was offloaded by Hadid in an auction, with the winning bidder paying $5 million. [28] (#cite_note-28) Athletic career Hadid competed in the demonstration sport of speed skiing (/wiki/Speed_skiing_at_the_1992_Winter_Olympics) at the 1992 Winter Olympics (/wiki/1992_Winter_Olympics) , representing Jordan (/wiki/Jordan) . He was 43 years old at the time. Hadid was encouraged to participate by his friend, Austrian (/wiki/Austria) Olympic skier Franz Weber (/wiki/Franz_Weber_(skier)) . Hadid was the only member of the Jordanian delegation, [1] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-1) and remains the only person to have represented Jordan in the Winter Olympics (/wiki/Winter_Olympics) . [29] (#cite_note-SNOW_FOOLING:_MO_KNOWS_SKIING-29) [30] (#cite_note-You're_Not_Going_to_Believe_Which_Bravoleb_Was_an_Olympian-30) Television appearances Hadid has appeared on the TV show The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Beverly_Hills) , as the ex-husband of Yolanda Hadid (/wiki/Yolanda_Hadid) . [21] (#cite_note-Forbes_20120628-21) He has also appeared on Shahs of Sunset (/wiki/Shahs_of_Sunset) , [20] (#cite_note-nimbybattle-20) and Second Wives Club on E! with his fiancée Shiva Safai in 2017. [31] (#cite_note-31) Personal life Hadid's first marriage was with Mary Butler, with whom he had two daughters, Alana Hadid and Marielle Hadid. He and Butler ended their marriage in 1992. [32] (#cite_note-WashingtonPost_1992-32) [33] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed-33) From 1994 until their divorce in 2000, he was married to the Dutch model Yolanda Hadid (/wiki/Yolanda_Hadid) , née Van den Herik. [34] (#cite_note-Corriston,_Michele,_Yolanda_drops_Foster-34) They had three children, who all became models: Gigi (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) (born 1995), Bella (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) (born 1996), [33] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed-33) and Anwar (born 1999). [35] (#cite_note-Vogue-35) In 2014, Hadid was engaged to Shiva Safai, a model and businesswoman. She was born in Iran and raised in Norway, and at age 19, moved to Los Angeles with her family. [36] (#cite_note-naludamagazine-36) Safai, who is 33 years his junior, began to appear in E! (/wiki/E!) reality show, Second Wives Club (/wiki/Second_Wives_Club) in 2017. [37] (#cite_note-Shiva_Safai_from_Second_Wives_Club:_Meet_the_Cast-37) [38] (#cite_note-'Second_Wives_Club'_star_Shiva_Safai_talks_33-year_age_gap_with_her_man,_dishes_on_Gigi_and_Bella_Hadid-38) As of December 2019, Hadid and Safai had split. [39] (#cite_note-Fox_News-39) Hadid is a dual (/wiki/Dual_Citizenship_in_United_States) Jordanian-American citizen. [1] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-1) He does not consider himself a devout Muslim (/wiki/Cultural_Muslims) but does not drink or smoke and fasts during Ramadan (/wiki/Ramadan) . [11] (#cite_note-ANGE-11) He has never drunk alcohol (/wiki/Teetotalism) , although he does have a 5,000-bottle wine cellar, including some from his own Beverly Hills winery. [17] (#cite_note-hauteliving-17) References ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Janofsky, Michael (December 20, 1991). "Olympics; Construction Was Slow, So ..." (https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/20/sports/olympics-construction-was-slow-so.html) The New York Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160201010210/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/20/sports/olympics-construction-was-slow-so.html) from the original on February 1, 2016 . Retrieved January 10, 2016 . While it would have been ideal to ski for the United States, his adoptive country, he knew that making its Olympic team would be virtually impossible. Instead, taking advantage of his dual citizenship, he petitioned the Jordan Olympic Committee, and Jordanian officials approved. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Happy birthday Mohamed Hadid..." (https://www.facebook.com/YolandaHFoster/posts/441702489264761) Yolanda H. Foster verified Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) page. November 6, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160131190140/https://www.facebook.com/YolandaHFoster/posts/441702489264761) from the original on January 31, 2016 . Retrieved January 31, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "The face that launched a thousand tweets" (http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/09/face-launched-thousand-tweets-2014914121922159126.html) . Al-Jazeera . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150110012437/http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/09/face-launched-thousand-tweets-2014914121922159126.html) from the original on January 10, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Palestine Square blog (January 15, 2016). "The Meaning of Gigi Hadid's "Half-Palestinian"-Ness" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160805035333/http://blog.palestine-studies.org/2016/01/15/the-meaning-of-gigi-hadids-half-palestinian-post/) . Institute for Palestine Studies (/wiki/Institute_for_Palestine_Studies) . Archived from the original (http://blog.palestine-studies.org/2016/01/15/the-meaning-of-gigi-hadids-half-palestinian-post/) on August 5, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-alarabiya_5-0) "10 world-famous celebs you didn't know were of Arab origin" (http://english.alarabiya.net/en/life-style/art-and-culture/2016/01/18/10-world-famous-celebs-you-didn-t-know-were-of-Arab-origin-.html) . Al-Arabiya . January 19, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160907130055/http://english.alarabiya.net/en/life-style/art-and-culture/2016/01/18/10-world-famous-celebs-you-didn-t-know-were-of-Arab-origin-.html) from the original on September 7, 2016 . Retrieved September 10, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Jaffe, Harry (March 1, 1988). "Unmasking the Mysterious Mohamed Hadid" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151222075934/http://www.harryjaffe.com/archive/unmasking-the-mysterious-mohamed-hadid) . Regardie's (/wiki/Regardie%27s) . Archived from the original (http://www.harryjaffe.com/archive/unmasking-the-mysterious-mohamed-hadid) on December 22, 2015 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Anwar M. Hadid, in the U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935–2014" (https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=3693&h=24603602&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=60901) . Ancestry.com (/wiki/Ancestry.com) . Retrieved November 13, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Col. Homan, Veteran of 3 Wars, Dies" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1989/05/14/col-homan-veteran-of-3-wars-dies/60bb00c7-ce3a-46b4-a2ea-d59099083b6f/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . May 14, 1989. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160305113442/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1989/05/14/col-homan-veteran-of-3-wars-dies/60bb00c7-ce3a-46b4-a2ea-d59099083b6f/) from the original on March 5, 2016 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Hadid, Khairia" (https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?n=khairia-hadid&pid=118304308) . The Washington Post . October 3, 2008 . Retrieved November 13, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Tully, Shawn; Blank, J. B. (July 31, 1989). "The Big Moneymen of Palestine Inc" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151222160613/http://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1989/07/31/72291/index.htm) . Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1989/07/31/72291/index.htm) on December 22, 2015 . Retrieved June 17, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The Radar People Surreal Estate Developer" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160622064637/http://digital.modernluxury.com/article/The%2BRadar%2BPeople/453793/0/article.html) . ANGE – Angelo . Modern Luxury. August 2010. Archived from the original (http://digital.modernluxury.com/article/The+Radar+People/453793/0/article.html) on June 22, 2016 . Retrieved June 17, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Walsh, Sharron; Hilzenrath, David (April 24, 1989). "Who is Mohamed Hadid?" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/04/24/who-is-mohamed-hadid/4b6ff72a-ec4e-454c-b282-d4d4b5405ea5/#) . The Washington Post . Retrieved October 30, 2023 . Hadid was an infant when his family left Palestine. His father, Anwar Hadid, said he did not want the family 'to live under the Israeli occupation.' The parents walked for two nights to reach the Lebanese border -- with Hadid's mother carrying her oldest son. The family finally settled in Damascus, where Anwar Hadid went to work as a translator for Voice of America and traveled widely. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Not the only 'proud Palestinian' in the family–Gigi Hadid's father details refugee history in Syria" (https://mondoweiss.net/2015/12/palestinian-details-refugee/) . Mondoweiss . December 31, 2015 . Retrieved July 4, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Warren Walsh, Sharon; Hilzenrath, David S. (April 24, 1989). "Who is Mohamed Hadid?" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/04/24/who-is-mohamed-hadid/4b6ff72a-ec4e-454c-b282-d4d4b5405ea5/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160305073719/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/04/24/who-is-mohamed-hadid/4b6ff72a-ec4e-454c-b282-d4d4b5405ea5/) from the original on March 5, 2016 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Remsen, Nick (March 29, 2015). "Gigi Hadid's Home: A Multi-Million Dollar Mansion | Style.com/Arabia" (https://man.vogue.me/archive/art-design-archives/mohamed-hadid-gigi-hadid-bella-hadid-house-of-hadid-pictures/) . Vogue Man Arabia . Retrieved October 19, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Walsh, Sharon Warren; Hilzenrath, David S. "Who is Mohamed Hadid?" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/04/24/who-is-mohamed-hadid/4b6ff72a-ec4e-454c-b282-d4d4b5405ea5/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160305073719/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/04/24/who-is-mohamed-hadid/4b6ff72a-ec4e-454c-b282-d4d4b5405ea5/) from the original on March 5, 2016 . Retrieved July 26, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Farameh, Patrice (July 1, 2008). "Hadid's Modern Masterpiece: Mohamed Hadid" (http://hauteliving.com/2008/07/hadids-modern-masterpiece/3038/) . Haute Living (/wiki/Haute_Living) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160219225601/http://hauteliving.com/2008/07/hadids-modern-masterpiece/3038/) from the original on February 19, 2016 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . Even though he has never indulged in alcohol in his life, his 5,000-bottle wine cellar is filled with the best French and Californian wines. Not only does his collection consist of a diverse range of premium wines from local vineyards such as Summerland Winery, but it also includes bottles from his very own winery in Beverly Hills. ^ Jump up to: a b Salmon, Jacqueline L. "Hard Times for Developer Mohamed Hadid" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/11/20/hard-times-for-developer-mohamed-hadid/f853c2e4-9bbb-4a28-bf25-e9a8bc6ae4d5/) . The Washington Post . Retrieved July 26, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Hilzenrath, David S. (August 4, 1992). "Riggs Settlement with Lenkin Gives it Cash, Pledge, Building" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1992/08/04/riggs-settlement-with-lenkin-gives-it-cash-pledge-building/57c6b062-d9a4-473f-abec-aaa3a4037467/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Retrieved August 22, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Halderman, Peter (December 5, 2014). "In Los Angeles, a Nimby Battle Pits Millionaires vs. Billionaires" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/07/style/in-los-angeles-a-nimby-battle-pits-millionaires-vs-billionaires.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150504030358/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/07/style/in-los-angeles-a-nimby-battle-pits-millionaires-vs-billionaires.html?_r=0) from the original on May 4, 2015 . Retrieved January 24, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Brennan, Morgan (June 28, 2012). "Celebrity Developer Mohamed Hadid Asking $58 Million For Crescent Palace" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/morganbrennan/2012/06/28/celebrity-developer-asking-58-million-for-his-most-opulent-mansion-yet/) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151222111359/http://www.forbes.com/sites/morganbrennan/2012/06/28/celebrity-developer-asking-58-million-for-his-most-opulent-mansion-yet/) from the original on December 22, 2015 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Lopez, Matt (January 23, 2015). "Wal-Mart Heiress Seeks Damages From Bel Air's 901 Strada Vecchia" (http://bhcourier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/012315Fissue.pdf) (PDF) . The Beverly Hills Courier (/wiki/The_Beverly_Hills_Courier) . California. pp. 1, 11. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150222114325/http://bhcourier.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/012315Fissue.pdf) (PDF) from the original on February 22, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-Telegraph_23-0) Tait, Robert (December 19, 2015). "Bad airs in Bel-Air over house dubbed 'the starship enterprise' (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/12059349/Bad-airs-in-Bel-Air-over-house-dubbed-the-starship-enterprise.html) " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/12059349/Bad-airs-in-Bel-Air-over-house-dubbed-the-starship-enterprise.html) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151219184212/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/12059349/Bad-airs-in-Bel-Air-over-house-dubbed-the-starship-enterprise.html) from the original on December 19, 2015 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-did901bhcourier_24-0) Lopez, Matt (December 1, 2014). "Did 901 Strada Vecchia In Bel-Air Violate Stop Work Order With Weekend Construction Work?" (http://bhcourier.com/did-901-strada-vecchia-in-bel-air-violate-stop-work-order-with-weekend-construction-work/) . The Beverly Hills Courier . California. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150813063312/http://bhcourier.com/did-901-strada-vecchia-in-bel-air-violate-stop-work-order-with-weekend-construction-work/) from the original on August 13, 2015 . Retrieved December 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Reyes, Emily Alpert; Smith, Dakota (July 20, 2017). "Bel-Air mega-mansion developer Mohamed Hadid sentenced with community service, fines" (https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-hadid-sentencing-20170720-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170721062333/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-hadid-sentencing-20170720-story.html) from the original on July 21, 2017 . Retrieved July 27, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Reyes, Emily Alpert (May 30, 2017). "Celebrity developer pleads no contest to Bel-Air mega-mansion charges. But what happens to the 30,000-square-foot estate?" (https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-bel-air-building-20170530-htmlstory.html) . Los Angeles Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170710040002/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-bel-air-building-20170530-htmlstory.html) from the original on July 10, 2017 . Retrieved July 27, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Lopez, Matt (July 21, 2017). "Hadid Fined, Sentenced To Community Service – But No Jail Time – Over Bel-Air Mansion" (http://bhcourier.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/072117Fissue.pdf) (PDF) . The Beverly Hills Courier . pp. 1, 19 . Retrieved July 22, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Dado, Natasha (February 17, 2022). "Photos Show Demolition of Mohamed Hadid's Controversial Bel-Air Mega-Mansion Underway" (https://people.com/home/demolition-begins-on-mohamed-hadids-illegal-bel-air-mansion-judge-orders-project-to-be-complete-in-60-days/) . People Magazine . Retrieved December 31, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-SNOW_FOOLING:_MO_KNOWS_SKIING_29-0) Walsh, Sharon (December 21, 1991). "Snow Folling: Mo Knows Skiing" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1991/12/21/snow-fooling-mo-knows-skiing/53a6fc0f-4e64-4bfc-9282-c294d55fc1e2/) . The Washington Post . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170519175709/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1991/12/21/snow-fooling-mo-knows-skiing/53a6fc0f-4e64-4bfc-9282-c294d55fc1e2/) from the original on May 19, 2017 . Retrieved April 26, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-You're_Not_Going_to_Believe_Which_Bravoleb_Was_an_Olympian_30-0) Rosenfeld, Laura (August 5, 2016). "You're Not Going to Believe Which Bravoleb Was an Olympian" (http://www.bravotv.com/the-daily-dish/mohamed-hadid-competed-in-1992-olympics-albertville-france) . Bravo TV Official Site . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170427192434/http://www.bravotv.com/the-daily-dish/mohamed-hadid-competed-in-1992-olympics-albertville-france) from the original on April 27, 2017 . Retrieved April 26, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Nolasco, Stephanie (May 4, 2017). " (http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/04/second-wives-club-star-shiva-safai-talks-33-year-age-gap-with-her-man-dishes-on-gigi-and-bella-hadid.html) 'Second Wives Club' star Shiva Safai talks 33-year age gap with her man, dishes on Gigi and Bella Hadid" (http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/04/second-wives-club-star-shiva-safai-talks-33-year-age-gap-with-her-man-dishes-on-gigi-and-bella-hadid.html) . Fox News . Retrieved June 23, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-WashingtonPost_1992_32-0) Romano, Lois (May 21, 1992). "The reliable source" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1992/05/21/the-reliable-source/23772a57-67ea-42d7-8e2b-e7aaf8a9b99c/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151225044643/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1992/05/21/the-reliable-source/23772a57-67ea-42d7-8e2b-e7aaf8a9b99c/) from the original on December 25, 2015 . Retrieved December 23, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Watson, Sheridan (October 14, 2014). "The Foster-Hadids Are The Best Family On Earth" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/sheridanwatson/the-foster-hadids-are-the-best-family-on-earth#.cjPJkQ93W) . BuzzFeed (/wiki/BuzzFeed) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160331163719/http://www.buzzfeed.com/sheridanwatson/the-foster-hadids-are-the-best-family-on-earth#.cjPJkQ93W) from the original on March 31, 2016 . Retrieved December 23, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Corriston,_Michele,_Yolanda_drops_Foster_34-0) Corriston, Michele (February 17, 2016). "Yolanda Drops 'Foster' as Divorce Proceeds, Takes Ex-Husband's Name Again" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160218093942/http://www.people.com/article/why-yolanda-foster-goes-by-hadid-now) . People . Archived from the original (http://www.people.com/article/why-yolanda-foster-goes-by-hadid-now) on February 18, 2016 . Retrieved February 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_35-0) Frank, Julia (September 25, 2015). "Gigi and Bella Hadid's younger brother Anwar is a model too" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160301171735/http://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/gigi%2Band%2Bbella%2Bhadids%2Byounger%2Bbrother%2Banwar%2Bis%2Ba%2Bmodel%2Btoo%2C37492) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/gigi+and+bella+hadids+younger+brother+anwar+is+a+model+too,37492) on March 1, 2016 . Retrieved January 2, 2016 . 16-year-old Anwar Hadid... ^ (#cite_ref-naludamagazine_36-0) "Interview and Photoshoot with Shiva Safai" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160123164624/http://www.naludamagazine.com/interview-and-photoshoot-with-shiva-safai/) . NaludaMagazine.com. January 1, 2015. Archived from the original (http://www.naludamagazine.com/interview-and-photoshoot-with-shiva-safai/) on January 23, 2016 . Retrieved December 23, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Shiva_Safai_from_Second_Wives_Club:_Meet_the_Cast_37-0) "Shiva Safai from Second Wives Club: Meet the Cast" (http://www.eonline.com/shows/second_wives_club/photos/20470/second-wives-club-meet-the-cast/750857) . E! News (/wiki/E!_News) . n.d. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170330212752/http://www.eonline.com/shows/second_wives_club/photos/20470/second-wives-club-meet-the-cast/750857) from the original on March 30, 2017 . Retrieved April 25, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-'Second_Wives_Club'_star_Shiva_Safai_talks_33-year_age_gap_with_her_man,_dishes_on_Gigi_and_Bella_Hadid_38-0) Nolasco, Stephanie (May 4, 2017). " (http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/04/second-wives-club-star-shiva-safai-talks-33-year-age-gap-with-her-man-dishes-on-gigi-and-bella-hadid.html) 'Second Wives Club' star Shiva Safai talks 33-year age gap with her man, dishes on Gigi and Bella Hadid" (http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/04/second-wives-club-star-shiva-safai-talks-33-year-age-gap-with-her-man-dishes-on-gigi-and-bella-hadid.html) . Fox News (/wiki/Fox_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170615042156/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/04/second-wives-club-star-shiva-safai-talks-33-year-age-gap-with-her-man-dishes-on-gigi-and-bella-hadid.html) from the original on June 15, 2017 . Retrieved May 25, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fox_News_39-0) Sahadeo, Andy (December 3, 2019). "Shiva Safai confirms split from Mohamed Hadid as she shares photo with new boyfriend" (https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/mohamed-hadid-shiva-safai-split-new-boyfriend) . Fox News . Retrieved April 30, 2020 . External links Mohamed Hadid (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5087516/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐p86zv Cached time: 20240719230619 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.702 seconds Real time usage: 0.951 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4831/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 102319/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6580/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 164028/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.474/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 26606308/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 898.383 1 -total 29.11% 261.561 1 Template:Reflist 27.14% 243.789 1 Template:Infobox_person 20.11% 180.628 26 Template:Cite_news 15.24% 136.933 1 Template:Lang-ar 9.47% 85.093 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 8.00% 71.915 2 Template:Ubl 7.18% 64.542 2 Template:Marriage 6.70% 60.156 1 Template:Short_description 5.05% 45.332 13 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:48866533-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719230619 and revision id 1235560231. 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Cross-dressing (/wiki/Cross-dressing) as depicted in literature. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐7fd59bbbf6‐wftp8 Cached time: 20240711140121 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.004 seconds Real time usage: 0.007 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38882800-0!canonical and timestamp 20240711140121 and revision id 1154152696. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Cross-dressing in literature" The following 42 pages are in this category, out of 42 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Cross-dressing in literature (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_literature) A Achilleid (/wiki/Achilleid) Alanna: The First Adventure (/wiki/Alanna:_The_First_Adventure) B Belle-Belle ou Le Chevalier Fortuné (/wiki/Belle-Belle_ou_Le_Chevalier_Fortun%C3%A9) The Black Arrow: A Tale of the Two Roses (/wiki/The_Black_Arrow:_A_Tale_of_the_Two_Roses) Bloody Jack (novel) (/wiki/Bloody_Jack_(novel)) The Book of Dolores (/wiki/The_Book_of_Dolores) The Boy in the Dress (novel) (/wiki/The_Boy_in_the_Dress_(novel)) F Fanny Campbell, the Female Pirate Captain (/wiki/Fanny_Campbell,_the_Female_Pirate_Captain) La Fausse Suivante (/wiki/La_Fausse_Suivante) H Hic Mulier (/wiki/Hic_Mulier) I In the Hand of the Goddess (/wiki/In_the_Hand_of_the_Goddess) L The Legend of Georgia McBride (/wiki/The_Legend_of_Georgia_McBride) Little Red Riding Hood (/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood) M M. Butterfly (/wiki/M._Butterfly) Madame Doubtfire (/wiki/Madame_Doubtfire) The Masqueraders (/wiki/The_Masqueraders) The Merchant of Venice (/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice) The Miserable Mill (/wiki/The_Miserable_Mill) Monstrous Regiment (novel) (/wiki/Monstrous_Regiment_(novel)) My Princess Boy (/wiki/My_Princess_Boy) P Emma Pérez (/wiki/Emma_P%C3%A9rez) The Perjur'd Husband: or, The Adventures of Venice (/wiki/The_Perjur%27d_Husband:_or,_The_Adventures_of_Venice) The Prince and the Dressmaker (/wiki/The_Prince_and_the_Dressmaker) Psycho (novel) (/wiki/Psycho_(novel)) R Rakuen Noise (/wiki/Rakuen_Noise) Le Roman de Silence (/wiki/Le_Roman_de_Silence) S The Secret Magdalene (/wiki/The_Secret_Magdalene) Self-Made Man (book) (/wiki/Self-Made_Man_(book)) The Seven Mirrors' Stories (/wiki/The_Seven_Mirrors%27_Stories) She Ventures and He Wins (/wiki/She_Ventures_and_He_Wins) The Singular Life of Albert Nobbs (/wiki/The_Singular_Life_of_Albert_Nobbs) Soldier Studies (/wiki/Soldier_Studies) T The Town-Fopp: or, Sir Timothy Tawdrey (/wiki/The_Town-Fopp:_or,_Sir_Timothy_Tawdrey) Troubled Blood (/wiki/Troubled_Blood) Twelfth Night (/wiki/Twelfth_Night) The Twelve Huntsmen (/wiki/The_Twelve_Huntsmen) The Two Gentlemen of Verona (/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona) U The Underground Girls of Kabul (/wiki/The_Underground_Girls_of_Kabul) W The Widdow Ranter, or, the History of Bacon in Virginia (/wiki/The_Widdow_Ranter,_or,_the_History_of_Bacon_in_Virginia) Y Yentl (play) (/wiki/Yentl_(play)) The Younger Brother, or, The Amorous Jilt (/wiki/The_Younger_Brother,_or,_The_Amorous_Jilt) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cross-dressing_in_literature&oldid=1154152696 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cross-dressing_in_literature&oldid=1154152696) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cross-dressing-related mass media (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing-related_mass_media) LGBT literature (/wiki/Category:LGBT_literature) Literature by topic (/wiki/Category:Literature_by_topic)
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New Zealand fashion designer Doris de Pont ONZM (/wiki/Officer_of_the_New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit) (born 1954) is a New Zealand fashion designer and director of the New Zealand Fashion Museum (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Museum) . Doris de Pont de Pont received the Insignia of an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to fashion Born 1954 (age 69–70) Auckland (/wiki/Auckland) , New Zealand Education University of Auckland (/wiki/University_of_Auckland) ( BA (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) ) Occupation(s) Primary school teacher, fashion designer, curator, author Early life and education [ edit ] Doris de Pont was born in Auckland (/wiki/Auckland) , New Zealand in 1954. [1] (#cite_note-NGV-1) Her parents emigrated to New Zealand around 1952 from the Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) . [2] (#cite_note-Doris_de_Pont-2) Her maternal grandfather was a tailor and owned the family clothing business: established in 1840. Her father's family made football boots and shoes. Both family businesses contributed to the textile industry in Tilburg (/wiki/Tilburg) . de Pont started sewing at a young age and continued to sew while studying for a Bachelor of Arts in anthropology and political studies at the University of Auckland (/wiki/University_of_Auckland) and completed her teacher training in the early-1970s. [2] (#cite_note-Doris_de_Pont-2) Career [ edit ] After her studies, de Pont worked as a teacher for several years before moving to the Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) , where she lived between 1978 and 1984. [3] (#cite_note-DNA_Clothing-3) During this time she found work at the Rudolf Steiner School (/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner_School) in The Hague (/wiki/The_Hague) , and also designed and made clothing as part of a women's fashion collective. [2] (#cite_note-Doris_de_Pont-2) [3] (#cite_note-DNA_Clothing-3) After returning to New Zealand, de Pont met Jack and Trelise Cooper (/wiki/Trelise_Cooper) at a night class for pattern making at Auckland Institute of Technology (/wiki/Auckland_University_of_Technology) . It was through this connection that de Pont acquired the lease for her first boutique situated at 13 O'Connell Street, Auckland. [4] (#cite_note-4) The shop opened in June 1985 and sold her designs under the label 'Design: Doris de Pont'. [3] (#cite_note-DNA_Clothing-3) In 1994 she joined up with textile designer Adrienne Foote to establish the fashion label DNA which was sold in New Zealand, Australia, the UK and Denmark. [5] (#cite_note-Print_and_pattern_in_New_Zealand_textiles-5) In 2002 de Pont and Foote parted ways and the DNA label became 'Doris de Pont'. [5] (#cite_note-Print_and_pattern_in_New_Zealand_textiles-5) de Pont was known particularly for her designs that incorporated the imagery of New Zealand artists including Richard Killeen (/wiki/Richard_Killeen) and John Pule (/wiki/John_Pule) , and the New Zealand writer Gregory O'Brien (/wiki/Gregory_O%27Brien) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Items by de Pont are held in the collections of the Auckland War Memorial Museum (/wiki/Auckland_War_Memorial_Museum) , Te Papa (/wiki/Museum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa) and the National Gallery of Victoria (/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [1] (#cite_note-NGV-1) Site of Doris de Pont's first boutique, 13 O'Connell Street, Auckland. Retiring from fashion in 2008, de Pont undertook a BA (Honours) in Museum and Heritage Studies at the University of Auckland (/wiki/University_of_Auckland) , and after graduating founded the New Zealand Fashion Museum (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Museum) where she is the director and curates exhibitions. [5] (#cite_note-Print_and_pattern_in_New_Zealand_textiles-5) Publications [ edit ] As a curator and fashion historian, de Pont is the author or editor of a number of publications and catalogues, including: Looking terrific : the story of El Jay , Auckland: Centre for New Zealand Art, Research and Discovery (University of Auckland) and the New Zealand Fashion Museum, 2010. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780473169855 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780473169855) Black : the history of black in fashion, society and culture in New Zealand , Auckland: Penguin Books, 2012. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780143566953 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143566953) Strands : weaving a new fabric , Auckland: Objectspace, 2015. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780994122872 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780994122872) Walk the walk : A history of fashion in the city , Auckland: New Zealand Fashion Museum, 2017. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780994114747 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780994114747) Awards and recognition [ edit ] In 1990, Doris won the Hugh Wright Menswear Award at the Benson & Hedges Fashion Design Awards (/wiki/Benson_%26_Hedges_Fashion_Design_Awards) . In 2013, de Pont was invested as an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit (/wiki/New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit) for services to fashion. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2019 de Pont was awarded a Museum Medal as a Companion of Auckland War Memorial Museum (/wiki/Auckland_War_Memorial_Museum) in recognition of her achievements to the public service of Auckland Museum [1] (https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/media/media-releases/2020/museum-medals-2019) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Doris DE PONT" (https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/18117/) . National Gallery of Victoria . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . ^ a b c de Pont, Genevieve. "Doris de Pont" (http://www.nzfashionmuseum.org.nz/d/doris-de-pont/) . New Zealand Fashion Museum . Retrieved 9 January 2018 . ^ a b c "Doris de Pont and DNA Clothing fashion shows" (https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/1221096) . Collections Online – Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) A history of walk the walk : fashion in the city . De Pont, Doris,, De Pont, Genevieve,, Dix, Kelly,, New Zealand Fashion Museum (Second ed.). [Auckland]. 2017. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780994114747 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1016870563 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1016870563) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ a b c Groufsky, Jane. "Print and pattern in New Zealand textiles" (http://www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/collections/topics/print-and-pattern-in-new-zealand-textiles) . Auckland Museum . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) du Chateau, Carroll (31 August 2007). "Fighting the fashion trends" (http://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/news/article.cfm?c_id=6&objectid=10461031) . NZ Herald . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Doris de Pont" (https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/29803) . Collections Online – Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Doris de Pont ONZM" (https://www.gg.govt.nz/images/doris-de-pont-onzm) . The Governor-General of New Zealand . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . External links [ edit ] Interview with Doris du Pont on the Art Ache podcast (https://open.spotify.com/episode/1P5PwfY0U1Tp6zRe7QwC6M) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/307460744) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJppDXmXRDYqjbyH6W3qQq) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2014016895) Artists New Zealand Artists (https://findnzartists.org.nz/artist/3968/) Victoria (https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/18117/) People Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/934768) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐mdnhm Cached time: 20240714020113 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.388 seconds Real time usage: 0.531 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3127/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26264/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1952/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 47086/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.244/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6198179/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 491.520 1 -total 28.40% 139.577 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.97% 98.144 1 Template:Reflist 17.66% 86.786 1 Template:Authority_control 15.50% 76.200 1 Template:Short_description 13.49% 66.313 6 Template:Cite_web 11.15% 54.786 4 Template:ISBN 10.48% 51.529 2 Template:Pagetype 8.76% 43.067 4 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 8.17% 40.148 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56261669-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714020113 and revision id 1123041953. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doris_de_Pont&oldid=1123041953 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doris_de_Pont&oldid=1123041953) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1954 births (/wiki/Category:1954_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) University of Auckland alumni (/wiki/Category:University_of_Auckland_alumni) Officers of the New Zealand Order of Merit (/wiki/Category:Officers_of_the_New_Zealand_Order_of_Merit) People from Auckland (/wiki/Category:People_from_Auckland) New Zealand fashion designers (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_fashion_designers) New Zealand women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_women_fashion_designers) New Zealand people of Dutch descent (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_people_of_Dutch_descent) New Zealand curators (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_curators) New Zealand women curators (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_women_curators) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) CS1 maint: others (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from August 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2022) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with FNZA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FNZA_identifiers) Articles with NGV identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NGV_identifiers) Articles with Trove identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Trove_identifiers)
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This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Thomas Rusch" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Thomas+Rusch%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Thomas+Rusch%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Thomas+Rusch%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Thomas+Rusch%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Thomas+Rusch%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Thomas+Rusch%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Thomas Rusch (born October 10, 1962 in Freiburg im Breisgau (/wiki/Freiburg_im_Breisgau) ) is a German photographer (/wiki/Photography) living in Berlin (/wiki/Berlin) , Hamburg (/wiki/Hamburg) and Paris (/wiki/Paris) . Life and work [ edit ] After finishing school, Thomas Rusch moved to Hamburg in 1981 to start his education as photographer. His first publication was a series of portraits at Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival (/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein_Musik_Festival) published in weekly magazine Stern (/wiki/Stern_(magazine)) . This was followed by a long-term cooperation with Stern, in which Thomas Rusch published many reportages, portraits and cover pictures. [1] (#cite_note-1) At the end of the 1990s Thomas Rusch's portraits of well-known celebrities were published in magazines like Zeitmagazin (/wiki/Die_Zeit) , Der Spiegel (/wiki/Der_Spiegel) , Max (/wiki/Max_(German_magazine)) and GQ (/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_Quarterly) . At the same time, Rusch showed his artistical work, e.g. Paradise Lost , Cirque O , and Die Ecke ( The Corner ), in price-winning exhibitions around the world. [2] (#cite_note-2) From the late 1990s on, Thomas Rusch lived in Paris. He worked as a beauty- and fashion photographer and published his work in indie publications like Soon, Tank, and Oyster, as well as in numerous international fashion- and lifestyle magazines. Rusch shot campaigns (e.g. for Ray Ban, Beck's, Seat) and developed his own artistical projects. Since 2006, Thomas Rusch is commuting between Paris, Hamburg and Berlin. He is still working for editorials and advertising, but at the same time he is focussing on his work as an artist. In his freelanced projects, Thomas Rusch is concerned with the subjects of sexuality, representation of women (/wiki/Gender_role#Gender_stereotypes) in western society, and fetishism (/wiki/Fetishism) . He likes to examine their ambivalent qualities between the private and the public, art and commerce - oscillating between a clear emphasis on naturalness and an exaggeration of superficiality. [3] (#cite_note-3) His last exhibitions were focussing on themes like masks (/wiki/Mask) ( Behind , 2010, portraits of faces with heavy make-up) and skin ( A Fleur de Peau , 2014, studies on the subject of skin) [4] (#cite_note-4) Exhibitions [ edit ] 2014 A Fleur de Peau, Bettina von Arnim Gallery, Paris 2013 Bettina von Arnim Gallery, Paris 2010 Behind, Stageback Gallery, Shanghai 2009 Homage to Irving Penn, Galerie Hiltawsky, Hamburg/Berlin 2008 Play, Galerie Chappe, Paris 2002 Die Ästhetik der Lüste, Fotomuseum Leipzig 2002 Icon, Aplanat Galerie, Hamburg 2001 Jolis Momes, Acte 2, Paris 2000 Die Ästhetik der Lüste, Fotomuseum Leipzig 1996 Erotik in Deutschland, Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg 1995-2012 Bildermode – Modebilder. German fashion photography. Curated by F.C. Gundlach, stations in New York, Milan, Taipei, Seoul, Tokyo, Beijing, Hong Kong, Singapore, Lisbon, a.o. 1995 Die Ecke, Image-Kastannus Oy, Helsinki 1994 Zeitgeist Becomes Form, Goethe-Institut, New York 1993 Paradise Lost, Kulturzentrum Gasteig, Munich 1993 Alexandra S., Deutsche Fototage, Frankfurt 1992 Internationaler Salon für Fotografie + Design, Cologne 1992 Die Ecke, Galerie Rahmel – 17 Subway Stations, Cologne 1992 Paradise Lost, PPS Galerie F.C. Gundlach, Sheila Metzner + Thomas Rusch, Hamburg 1992 Paradise Lost, Museo Ken Damy, Brescia 1991 Modewelten, Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg 1990 Paradise Lost, Museum House of Painters, Moscow 1987 Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival, Grauwert Galerie, Hamburg Awards [ edit ] 4x Art Directors Club, Germany Art Directors Club of Europe 2008 SPD Award, New York 2006 FWA Red Dot Award 2004 Canon ProFashional Photo Award 1992 Kodak Portrait Award 1991, 1987 Kodak European Award Collections [ edit ] Second Bert Hartkamp Collection, Amsterdam F.C. Gundlach Collection, Hamburg Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe (/wiki/Museum_f%C3%BCr_Kunst_und_Gewerbe_Hamburg) , Hamburg The Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki Museo Ken Damy, Brescia Literature [ edit ] 2010 Thomas Rusch. The Artificial Face – mask and masquerade , in: Eyemazing, Issue 3, 2010. ASIN: B00510IC4A 2010 Blink Magazine. Contemporary Photography , No. 5, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-89-965709-5-0 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-89-965709-5-0) 2010 Blink Magazine. Contemporary Photography , No. 1 2006 All Allure , edited by Robert Klanten, Berlin, Die Gestalten Verlag. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-89955-100-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-89955-100-1) 2002 Thomas Rusch - Icon , with texts by Hellmut Karasek and Wolfgang Behnken, Hamburg, Aplanat Edition. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-922805-77-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-922805-77-9) 1997 Surrealities , edited by Andreas Peyerl, Robert Klanten, Berlin, Die Gestalten Verlag. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-931126-03-X (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-931126-03-X) 1995 Bildermode – Modebilder. Deutsche Modephotographien von 1945 bis 1995 , edited Wulf Herzogenrath, with texts by F.C. Gundlach, K. Honnef, E. Kaufold, Berlin, IFA. ASIN: B00B59NXOK 1992 Thomas Rusch - Paradise Lost , with text by Shuhei Takahashi, Tokio, Treville. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 4-8457-0724-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-8457-0724-1) 1988 Sinfonien in Herrenhäusern und Scheunen. Das Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival , edited by Werner Burkhardt et al., Hamburg, Rasch und Röhring Verlag. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-89136-197-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-89136-197-1) External links [ edit ] http://www.thomasrusch.org (http://www.thomasrusch.org) http://www.thomasrusch.com (http://www.thomasrusch.com) http://www.galeriebettina.com (http://www.galeriebettina.com) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) H. Karasek, W. Behnken (2002). Thomas Rusch - Icon . Aplanat Edition, Hamburg. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Takahashi, Shuhei (1992). Paradise Lost . Treville, Tokyo. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Najjar, Sherin (2010). Thomas Rusch. The Artificial Face – mask and masquerade . Eyemazing Magazine, No. 3. ^ (#cite_ref-4) official press release, "Galerie Bettina Von Arnim – Photographies d’art" (http://www.galeriebettina.com/expositions/thomas-rusch) . Retrieved on 15 September 2014. Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/000000007834527X) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/22255445) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdGRptYKB7rXcGmwKkbh3) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12547358z) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12547358z) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/128964898) Artists Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/389318) RKD Artists (https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/386625) This article needs additional or more specific categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization) . Please help out (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Rusch&action=edit) by adding categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#How_do_I_add_an_article_to_a_category?) to it so that it can be listed with similar articles. 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Rusch&oldid=1232619547 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Rusch&oldid=1232619547) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1962 births (/wiki/Category:1962_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 20th-century German photographers (/wiki/Category:20th-century_German_photographers) 21st-century German photographers (/wiki/Category:21st-century_German_photographers) Artists from Freiburg im Breisgau (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Freiburg_im_Breisgau) Photographers from Baden-Württemberg (/wiki/Category:Photographers_from_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg) Hidden categories: BLP articles lacking sources from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources_from_September_2014) All BLP articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_BLP_articles_lacking_sources) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with PIC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PIC_identifiers) Articles with RKDartists identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_RKDartists_identifiers) Articles needing additional categories from July 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_categories_from_July_2024)
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