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In response to criticisms of Feyerabend's position, he clarifies that there are other ways in which theories can be compared such as comparing the structures of infinite sets of elements to detect isomorphisms, comparing "local grammars" , or building a model of a theory within its alternative. Incommensurability, howe... | Wikipedia - Paul Feyerabend | null | null | null |
Theories interpreted instrumentally cannot be incommensurable, on Feyerabend's view. Feyerabend's pluralism is supported by what he calls the 'pragmatic theory of meaning' which he developed in his dissertation. Here, he explicitly resuscitates Neurath and Carnap's physicalism from the 1930s. | Wikipedia - Paul Feyerabend | null | null | null |
According to the pragmatic theory of meaning, language consists of two parts. First, there is the characteristic of a language which is a series of noises produced under specific experimental situations. On Feyerabend's views, human observation has no special epistemic status – it is just another kind of measuring appa... | Wikipedia - Paul Feyerabend | null | null | null |
The characteristic of a language comes from placing observers in the presence of phenomena and instructing them to make specific noises when a phenomenon is sensed. These noises, to become statements (or parts of a language with meaning), must then be interpreted. Interpretation comes from a theory, whose meaning is gi... | Wikipedia - Paul Feyerabend | null | null | null |
Much of Noether's work in the first epoch of her career was associated with invariant theory, principally algebraic invariant theory. Invariant theory is concerned with expressions that remain constant (invariant) under a group of transformations. As an everyday example, if a rigid yardstick is rotated, the coordinates... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
Invariant theory was an active area of research in the later nineteenth century, prompted in part by Felix Klein's Erlangen program, according to which different types of geometry should be characterized by their invariants under transformations, e.g., the cross-ratio of projective geometry. An example of an invariant ... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
The discriminant is called "invariant" because it is not changed by linear substitutions x → a x + b y, y → c x + d y with determinant a d − b c = 1 . These substitutions form the special linear group SL2.One can ask for all polynomials in A, B, and C that are unchanged by the action of SL2; these are called the invari... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
One of the main goals of invariant theory was to solve the "finite basis problem". The sum or product of any two invariants is invariant, and the finite basis problem asked whether it was possible to get all the invariants by starting with a finite list of invariants, called generators, and then, adding or multiplying ... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
Noether's advisor, Paul Gordan, was known as the "king of invariant theory", and his chief contribution to mathematics was his 1870 solution of the finite basis problem for invariants of homogeneous polynomials in two variables. He proved this by giving a constructive method for finding all of the invariants and their ... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
Much of a sedimentary basin's fill often remains buried below the surface, often submerged in the ocean, and thus cannot be studied directly. Acoustic imaging using seismic reflection acquired through seismic data acquisition and studied through the specific sub-discipline of seismic stratigraphy is the primary means o... | Wikipedia - Sedimentary basin | null | null | null |
At the time they are being drilled, boreholes are also surveyed by pulling electronic instruments along the length of the borehole in a process known as well logging. Well logging, which is sometimes appropriately called borehole geophysics, uses electromagnetic and radioactive properties of the rocks surrounding the b... | Wikipedia - Sedimentary basin | null | null | null |
Much of computer science and artificial intelligence involves designing automatic systems to solve a specified type of problem: to accept input data and calculate a correct or adequate response, reasonably quickly. Algorithms are recipes or instructions that direct such systems, written into computer programs. Steps fo... | Wikipedia - Problem analysis | null | null | null |
Much of mathematics is grounded in the study of equivalences, and order relations. Lattice theory captures the mathematical structure of order relations. Even though equivalence relations are as ubiquitous in mathematics as order relations, the algebraic structure of equivalences is not as well known as that of orders.... | Wikipedia - Equivalence relations | null | null | null |
Much of physics requires definitions to be made for the equations to make sense. Theoretical implications: Definitions are important since they can lead into new insights of a branch of physics. Two such examples occurred in classical physics. When entropy S was defined – the range of thermodynamics was greatly extende... | Wikipedia - Defining equation (physics) | null | null | null |
ExampleAs an example consider Ampère's circuital law (with Maxwell's correction) in integral form for an arbitrary current carrying conductor in a vacuum (so zero magnetization due medium, i.e. M = 0): using the constitutive definition and the current density definition similarly for the displacement current density le... | Wikipedia - Defining equation (physics) | null | null | null |
It is not clear how compare how much matter constitutes a variety of substances given only their masses or only their volumes. Given both for each substance, the mass m per unit volume V, or mass density ρ provides a meaningful comparison between the substances, since for each, a fixed amount of volume will correspond ... | Wikipedia - Defining equation (physics) | null | null | null |
Much of social cognition is primarily subserved by two dissociable macro-scale brain networks: the mirror neuron system (MNS) and default mode network (DMN). MNS is thought to represent and identify observable actions (e.g. reaching for a cup) that are used by DMN to infer unobservable mental states, traits, and intent... | Wikipedia - Social cognitive neuroscience | null | null | null |
Much of the biological role of DHT has been elucidated in studies of individuals with congenital 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, an intersex condition caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding 5α-reductase type 2, the major enzyme responsible for the production of DHT in the body. It is characterized b... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
Due to their lack of conspicuous male genitalia, genetic males with the condition are typically raised as girls. At the time of puberty however, they develop striking phenotypically masculine secondary sexual characteristics including partial virilization of the genitals (enlargement of the phallus into a near-function... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
Facial hair was absent or sparse in a relatively large group of Dominican males with the condition, known as the Güevedoces. However, more facial hair has been observed in patients with the disorder from other parts of the world, although facial hair was still reduced relative to that of other men in the same communiti... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
A female pattern of androgenic hair growth, with terminal hair largely restricted to the axillae and lower pubic triangle, is observed in males with the condition. No temporal recession of the hairline or androgenic alopecia (pattern hair loss or baldness) has been observed in any of the cases of 5α-reductase type 2 de... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
In addition, neither BPH nor prostate cancer have been reported in these individuals. Genetic males with the condition generally show oligozoospermia due to undescended testes, but spermatogenesis is reported to be normal in those with testes that have descended, and there are case instances of men with the condition s... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
However, similarly to genetic males with the condition, they show reduced body hair growth, including an absence of hair on the arms and legs, slightly decreased axillary hair, and moderately decreased pubic hair. On the other hand, sebum production is normal. This is in accordance with the fact that sebum secretion ap... | Wikipedia - Dihydrotestosterone | null | null | null |
Much of the body of Hexactinellid sponges is composed of syncitial tissue. This allows them to form their large siliceous spicules exclusively inside their cells. | Wikipedia - Syncytium | null | null | null |
Much of the brain activity in sleep has been attributed to the thalamus and it appears that the thalamus may play a critical role in SWS. The two primary oscillations in slow wave sleep, delta and the slow oscillation, can be generated by both the thalamus and the cortex. However, sleep spindles can only be generated b... | Wikipedia - Neuroscience of sleep | null | null | null |
Much of the chemistry of glycosides is explained in the article on glycosidic bonds. For example, the glycone and aglycone portions can be chemically separated by hydrolysis in the presence of acid and can be hydrolyzed by alkali. There are also numerous enzymes that can form and break glycosidic bonds. The most import... | Wikipedia - Cyanogenic glycoside | null | null | null |
Genetically altered enzymes termed glycosynthases have been developed that can form glycosidic bonds in excellent yield.There are many ways to chemically synthesize glycosidic bonds. Fischer glycosidation refers to the synthesis of glycosides by the reaction of unprotected monosaccharides with alcohols (usually as solv... | Wikipedia - Cyanogenic glycoside | null | null | null |
Much of the current research continues to work towards autonomous agricultural vehicles. This research is based on the advancements made in driver-assist systems and self-driving cars.While robots have already been incorporated in many areas of agricultural farm work, they are still largely missing in the harvest of va... | Wikipedia - Agricultural robot | null | null | null |
Despite these concerns, progress in this area is being made. According to Gary Wishnatzki, the co-founder of Harvest Croo Robotics, one of their strawberry pickers currently being tested in Florida can "pick a 25-acre field in just three days and replace a crew of about 30 farm workers". Similar progress is being made ... | Wikipedia - Agricultural robot | null | null | null |
In the case of apple harvesting robots, current developments have been too slow to be commercially viable. Modern robots are able to harvest apples at a rate of one every five to ten seconds while the average human harvests at a rate of one per second.Another goal being set by agricultural companies involves the collec... | Wikipedia - Agricultural robot | null | null | null |
There are rising concerns over the growing population and the decreasing labor available to feed them. Data collection is being developed as a way to increase productivity on farms. AgriData is currently developing new technology to do just this and help farmers better determine the best time to harvest their crops by ... | Wikipedia - Agricultural robot | null | null | null |
Much of the decisions are more and more made either by human beings with the assistance of artificial intelligent machines or wholly made by these machines. Tshilidzi Marwala and Evan Hurwitz in their book, studied the utility of behavioral economics in such situations and concluded that these intelligent machines redu... | Wikipedia - Psychological economics | null | null | null |
Much of the development of 3D optical data storage has been carried out in universities. The groups that have provided valuable input include: Peter T. Rentzepis was the originator of this field, and has recently developed materials free from destructive readout. Watt W. Webb codeveloped the two-photon microscope in Be... | Wikipedia - Digital Multilayer Disk | null | null | null |
Yoshimasa Kawata, Satoshi Kawata, and Zouheir Sekkat have developed and worked on several optical data manipulation systems, in particular involving poled polymer systems. Kevin C Belfield is developing photochemical systems for 3D optical data storage by the use of resonance energy transfer between molecules, and also... | Wikipedia - Digital Multilayer Disk | null | null | null |
Tom Milster has made many contributions to the theory of 3D optical data storage. Robert McLeod has examined the use of microholograms for 3D optical data storage. Min Gu has examined confocal readout and methods for its enhancement. | Wikipedia - Digital Multilayer Disk | null | null | null |
Much of the difficulty in meshing these theories at all energy scales comes from the different assumptions that these theories make on how the universe works. General relativity models gravity as curvature of spacetime: in the slogan of John Archibald Wheeler, "Spacetime tells matter how to move; matter tells spacetime... | Wikipedia - Quantum gravitation | null | null | null |
Much of the difficulty, and many of the disputes, in understanding the large-scale structure of the universe can be resolved by better understanding the choice of gauge in general relativity. By the scalar-vector-tensor decomposition, the metric includes four scalar perturbations, two vector perturbations, and one tens... | Wikipedia - Structure formation | null | null | null |
Which modes are eliminated determine the infinite number of possible gauge fixings. The most popular gauge is Newtonian gauge (and the closely related conformal Newtonian gauge), in which the retained scalars are the Newtonian potentials Φ and Ψ, which correspond exactly to the Newtonian potential energy from Newtonian... | Wikipedia - Structure formation | null | null | null |
Much of the dispute hinges on how one interprets the New Testament household code (Haustafel), a term coined by Martin Luther, which has as its main focus hierarchical relationships between three pairs of social classes that were controlled by Roman law: husbands/wives, parents/children, and masters/slaves. The apostol... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
In practice, the extreme form of this right was seldom exercised, and it was eventually limited by law.Theologian Frank Stagg: pp.187ff finds the basic tenets of the code in Aristotle's discussion of the household in Book 1 of Politics and in Philo's Hypothetica 7.14. Serious study of the New Testament Household Code (... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
The Staggs believe the several occurrences of the New Testament household code in the Bible were intended to meet the needs for order within the churches and in the society of the day. They maintain that the New Testament household code is an attempt by Paul and Peter to Christianize the concept of family relationships... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
"The form of the code stressing reciprocal social duties is traced to Judaism's own Oriental background, with its strong moral/ethical demand but also with a low view of woman.... At bottom is probably to be seen the perennial tension between freedom and order.... What mattered to (Paul) was 'a new creation' and 'in Ch... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
Today's English word "cephalic" ( sə-FAL-ik) stems from the Greek kephalē and means "of or relating to the head; or located on, in, or near the head." A thorough concordance search by Catherine Kroeger shows that the most frequent use of "head" (kephalē) in the New Testament is to refer to "the anatomical head of a bod... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
Other Egalitarian authors such as Margaret Howe agree with Kroeger, writing that "The word 'head' must be understood not as 'ruler' but as 'source'".Wayne Grudem criticizes commonly rendering kephalē in those same passages only to mean "source", and argues that it denotes "authoritative head" in such texts as Corinthia... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
In that context the husband and wife are compared to Christ and his church. The context seems to imply an authority structure based on a man sacrificing himself for his wife, as Christ did for the church; a love-based authority structure, where submission is not required but freely given based on the care given to the ... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
The historical grammatical method is a hermeneutic technique that strives to uncover the meaning of the text by taking into account not just the grammatical words, but also the syntactical aspects, the cultural and historical background, and the literary genre. Thus references to a patriarchal Biblical culture may or m... | Wikipedia - Christian marriage | null | null | null |
Much of the early work involved creating serial section reconstructions from microscope slides and extracting volumetric data from the NMHM specimens, rather than just surface data. Sets of serial microscopic cross-sections through human embryos (prepared by Carnegie Collection contributors between the 1890s and 1970s)... | Wikipedia - Visible Embryo Project | null | null | null |
Much of the early work on five-dimensional space was in an attempt to develop a theory that unifies the four fundamental interactions in nature: strong and weak nuclear forces, gravity and electromagnetism. German mathematician Theodor Kaluza and Swedish physicist Oskar Klein independently developed the Kaluza–Klein th... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
While not detectable, it would indirectly imply a connection between seemingly unrelated forces. The Kaluza–Klein theory experienced a revival in the 1970s due to the emergence of superstring theory and supergravity: the concept that reality is composed of vibrating strands of energy, a postulate only mathematically vi... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
M-theory suggested a potentially observable extra dimension in addition to the ten essential dimensions which would allow for the existence of superstrings. The other 10 dimensions are compacted, or "rolled up", to a size below the subatomic level. The Kaluza–Klein theory today is seen as essentially a gauge theory, wi... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
Physicists theorize that collisions of subatomic particles in turn produce new particles as a result of the collision, including a graviton that escapes from the fourth dimension, or brane, leaking off into a five-dimensional bulk. M-theory would explain the weakness of gravity relative to the other fundamental forces ... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
Einstein, Bergmann and Bargmann later tried to extend the four-dimensional spacetime of general relativity into an extra physical dimension to incorporate electromagnetism, though they were unsuccessful. In their 1938 paper, Einstein and Bergmann were among the first to introduce the modern viewpoint that a four-dimens... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
But they then reneged, modifying the theory to break its five-dimensional symmetry. Their reasoning, as suggested by Edward Witten, was that the more symmetric version of the theory predicted the existence of a new long range field, one that was both massless and scalar, which would have required a fundamental modifica... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
For example, holograms are three-dimensional pictures placed on a two-dimensional surface, which gives the image a curvature when the observer moves. Similarly, in general relativity, the fourth dimension is manifested in observable three dimensions as the curvature path of a moving infinitesimal (test) particle. 'T Ho... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
The first approach is space-time-matter, which utilizes an unrestricted group of 5D coordinate transforms to derive new solutions of the Einstein's field equations that agree with the corresponding classical solutions in 4D spacetime. Another 5D representation describes quantum physics from a thermal-space-time ensembl... | Wikipedia - Five-dimensional space | null | null | null |
Much of the genomic dark matter is thought to originate from ancient transposable elements and from other low-complexity repetitive elements. Uncategorized genetic material is found in humans and many other species. Their phylogenetic novelty could indicate the cellular organisms or viruses from which they evolved. | Wikipedia - Biological dark matter | null | null | null |
Much of the mathematical apparatus of quantum mechanics appears in the classical description of a polarized sinusoidal electromagnetic wave. The Jones vector for a classical wave, for instance, is identical with the quantum polarization state vector for a photon. The right and left circular components of the Jones vect... | Wikipedia - Photon polarization | null | null | null |
This implies that infinitesimal transformations are transformed with a Hermitian operator. These conclusions are a natural consequence of the structure of Maxwell's equations for classical waves. Quantum mechanics enters the picture when observed quantities are measured and found to be discrete rather than continuous. | Wikipedia - Photon polarization | null | null | null |
The allowed observable values are determined by the eigenvalues of the operators associated with the observable. In the case angular momentum, for instance, the allowed observable values are the eigenvalues of the spin operator. These concepts have emerged naturally from Maxwell's equations and Planck's and Einstein's ... | Wikipedia - Photon polarization | null | null | null |
They have been found to be true for many other physical systems. In fact, the typical program is to assume the concepts of this section and then to infer the unknown dynamics of a physical system. This was done, for instance, with the dynamics of electrons. | Wikipedia - Photon polarization | null | null | null |
In that case, working back from the principles in this section, the quantum dynamics of particles were inferred, leading to Schrödinger's equation, a departure from Newtonian mechanics. The solution of this equation for atoms led to the explanation of the Balmer series for atomic spectra and consequently formed a basis... | Wikipedia - Photon polarization | null | null | null |
Much of the streaming literature is concerned with computing statistics on frequency distributions that are too large to be stored. For this class of problems, there is a vector a = ( a 1 , … , a n ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {a} =(a_{1},\dots ,a_{n})} (initialized to the zero vector 0 {\displaystyle \mathbf {0} } ) that ... | Wikipedia - Streaming algorithms | null | null | null |
A notable special case is when c = 1 {\displaystyle c=1} (only unit insertions are permitted). In the turnstile model, each update is of the form ⟨ i , c ⟩ {\displaystyle \langle i,c\rangle } , so that a i {\displaystyle a_{i}} is incremented by some (possibly negative) integer c {\displaystyle c} . In the "strict turn... | Wikipedia - Streaming algorithms | null | null | null |
Much of the theoretical investigation of periodic graphs has focused on the problems of generating and classifying them. | Wikipedia - Periodic Graph (Geometry) | null | null | null |
Much of the theory of classical non-equilibrium thermodynamics is concerned with the spatially continuous motion of fluids, but fluids can also move with spatial discontinuities. Helmholtz (1868) wrote about how in a flowing fluid, there can arise a zero fluid pressure, which sees the fluid broken asunder. This arises ... | Wikipedia - Extremal principles in non-equilibrium thermodynamics | null | null | null |
of Rayleigh (1896/1926)); waves on the surface of the sea break discontinuously when they reach the shore (Thom 1975). Helmholtz pointed out that the sounds of organ pipes must arise from such discontinuity of flow, occasioned by the passage of air past a sharp-edged obstacle; otherwise the oscillatory character of the... | Wikipedia - Extremal principles in non-equilibrium thermodynamics | null | null | null |
Much of the underlying physics of the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect lies in a specific case of solute drag creep. Adding solute atoms to a pure crystal introduces a size misfit into the system. This size misfit leads to restriction of dislocation motion. At low temperature, these solute atoms are immobile within the lat... | Wikipedia - Portevin–Le Chatelier effect | null | null | null |
When solute atoms are mobile and the dislocation velocity is not too high, the solute atoms and dislocation can move together where the solute atom decreases the motion of the dislocation.The Portevin-Le Chatelier effect occurs in the specific case where solute drag creep is occurring and there is an applied stress, wi... | Wikipedia - Portevin–Le Chatelier effect | null | null | null |
Once the dislocation has moved away from the solute, the stress on it decreases which causes its velocity to decrease. This allows the solute atoms to “catch up” with the dislocation. As soon as the solute atom catches up, the stress on the dislocation significantly increases, causing the process to repeat. The cyclic ... | Wikipedia - Portevin–Le Chatelier effect | null | null | null |
Much of the work done at the center was for the development of Geomview, a three-dimensional interactive geometry program. This focused on mathematical visualization with options to allow hyperbolic space to be visualised. It was originally written for Silicon Graphics workstations, and has been ported to run on Linux ... | Wikipedia - Geometry Center | null | null | null |
Geomview is built on the Object Oriented Graphics Library (OOGL). The displayed scene and the attributes of the objects in it may be manipulated by the graphical command language (GCL) of Geomview. Geomview may be set as a default 3-D viewer for Mathematica. | Wikipedia - Geometry Center | null | null | null |
Much of this work is subject to non-disclosure agreements with private entities. A primary ethical criticism levied against commercial archaeological practices is the prevalence of non-disclosure agreements associated with development projects involving a cultural resource management component. Critics claim that NDA's... | Wikipedia - Archaeological ethics | null | null | null |
Much progress has been made in the area of minimizing the need for labor in this industry by use of technology. The availability of technology such as the pressure washer has made it more efficient. | Wikipedia - Window cleaner | null | null | null |
Much proteomics data is collected with the help of high throughput technologies such as mass spectrometry and microarray. It would often take weeks or months to analyze the data and perform comparisons by hand. For this reason, biologists and chemists are collaborating with computer scientists and mathematicians to cre... | Wikipedia - Expression proteomics | null | null | null |
Using bioinformatics techniques, researchers are capable of faster analysis and data storage. A good place to find lists of current programs and databases is on the ExPASy bioinformatics resource portal. The applications of bioinformatics-based proteomics include medicine, disease diagnosis, biomarker identification, a... | Wikipedia - Expression proteomics | null | null | null |
Much reference has been made in the literature (both lay and professional) of the structural kinship of synephrine with ephedrine, or with phenylephrine, often with the implication that the perceived similarities in structure should result in similarities in pharmacological properties. However, from a chemical perspect... | Wikipedia - Synephrine | null | null | null |
Addition of another phenolic –OH group to the 3-position of the benzene ring produces the neurotransmitter epinephrine; addition of a methyl group to the α-position in the side-chain of synephrine gives oxilofrine (methylsynephrine). Four stereoisomers (two pairs of enantiomers) are possible for this substance. Extensi... | Wikipedia - Synephrine | null | null | null |
However, the structure of ephedrine differs from that of synephrine at two different positions: ephedrine has no substituent on the phenyl ring where synephrine has a 4-OH group, and ephedrine has a methyl group on the position α- to the N in the side-chain, where syneprine has only a H atom. Furthermore, "synephrine" ... | Wikipedia - Synephrine | null | null | null |
Much research and focus has been given to concussion suffered frequently by athletes. While the severity of brain trauma has been standardized for immediate "sideline" assessment, much work needs to be done to understand how to rehabilitate or accelerate the rehabilitation of athletes' brain function following serious ... | Wikipedia - Neuropsychological rehabilitation | null | null | null |
Much research has been devoted to applications of photons in the field of quantum optics. Photons seem well-suited to be elements of an extremely fast quantum computer, and the quantum entanglement of photons is a focus of research. Nonlinear optical processes are another active research area, with topics such as two-p... | Wikipedia - Incident photon | null | null | null |
The nonlinear process of spontaneous parametric down conversion is often used to produce single-photon states. Finally, photons are essential in some aspects of optical communication, especially for quantum cryptography.Two-photon physics studies interactions between photons, which are rare. In 2018, MIT researchers an... | Wikipedia - Incident photon | null | null | null |
Much research has been directed at studying the onset of lifetime DSM disorders to dispel the common thought that most disorders begin earlier in life. Because of this reasoning, many people that show signs of disorders do not seek help due to its stigmatization. The research shows that those with various disorders wil... | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
Not only is the emergence of various disorders prevalent in emerging adulthood, but the chance of developing a disorder drastically decreases at age 28.Seventy-five percent of any lifetime DSM-V anxiety, mood, impulse-control, and substance abuse disorder begins before age 24. Most onsets at this age will not be, or be... | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
The median onset age of mood disorders is 25.Even disorders that begin earlier, like schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses, can reveal themselves within the age range of emerging adulthood. Often, patients will not seek help until several years of symptoms have passed, if at all. | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
For example, those diagnosed with social anxiety disorder will rarely seek treatment until age 27 or later. Typically, symptoms of more severe disorders, such as major depression, begin at age 25 as well. Depression symptoms are higher in the 20s compared to the older generation with the exclusion of the 80s. | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
The negative effect is also higher in the 20s but it will hit a peak then the negative effect will decrease.With the exception of some phobias, symptoms of many disorders begin to appear and are diagnosable during emerging adulthood. Major efforts have been taken to educate the public and influence those with symptoms ... | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
In one study, "they were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of drug use disorder or nicotine dependence." In addition, "bipolar disorder was less common in individuals attending college." However, other research reports that chance of alcohol abuse and addiction is increased with college student status. | Wikipedia - Emerging adulthood | null | null | null |
Much work has been done in estimating the manifold dimension of a causal set. This involves algorithms using the causal set aiming to give the dimension of the manifold into which it can be faithfully embedded. The algorithms developed so far are based on finding the dimension of a Minkowski spacetime into which the ca... | Wikipedia - Causal set | null | null | null |
Counting the number of k {\displaystyle k} -length chains in the causal set then allows an estimate for d {\displaystyle d} to be made. Midpoint-scaling dimensionThis approach relies on the relationship between the proper time between two points in Minkowski spacetime and the volume of the spacetime interval between th... | Wikipedia - Causal set | null | null | null |
By computing the maximal chain length (to estimate the proper time) between two points x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} and counting the number of elements z {\displaystyle z} such that x ≺ z ≺ y {\displaystyle x\prec z\prec y} (to estimate the volume of the spacetime interval) the dimension of the spacetime... | Wikipedia - Causal set | null | null | null |
Much work on hypercomplex numbers and group representations was carried out in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but remained disparate. Noether united these results and gave the first general representation theory of groups and algebras.Briefly, Noether subsumed the structure theory of associative algebras... | Wikipedia - Emmy Noether | null | null | null |
Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary and bronchial glands are characterized by a recurrent t(11;19)(q21;p13) chromosomal translocation resulting in a MECT1-MAML2 fusion gene. The CREB-binding domain of the CREB coactivator MECT1 (also known as CRTC1, TORC1 or WAMTP1) is fused to the transactivation domain of the N... | Wikipedia - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | null | null | null |
Mud volcano systems are fairly common on Earth, and particularly in the Indonesian province of East Java. Beneath the island of Java is a half-graben lying in the east–west direction, filled with over-pressured marine carbonates and marine muds. It forms an inverted extensional basin which has been geologically active ... | Wikipedia - Sidoarjo mud flow | null | null | null |
Some of the overpressured mud escapes to the surface to form mud volcanoes, which have been observed at Sangiran Dome near Surakarta (Solo) in Central Java and near Purwodadi city, 200 km (120 mi) west of Lusi. The East Java Basin contains a significant amount of oil and gas reserves, therefore the region is known as a... | Wikipedia - Sidoarjo mud flow | null | null | null |
Mudrock, a fine-grained sedimentary rock often containing aluminium-rich minerals, produces these minerals after being metamorphosed, from low to high grade: Chlorite zone: quartz, chlorite, muscovite, albite Biotite zone: quartz, muscovite, biotite, chlorite, albite Garnet zone: quartz, muscovite, biotite, garnet, sod... | Wikipedia - Index mineral | null | null | null |
Mueller–Weiss syndrome had been traditionally considered a spontaneous osteonecrosis of the navicular bone, but there is no certain pathogenetic explanation. Pathologic evidence of osteonecrosis (empty lacunae) is seen in only a minority of pathological specimens. It is frequently bilateral and associated with increase... | Wikipedia - Mueller–Weiss syndrome | null | null | null |
Factors that have been thought to play a role include trauma, delayed ossification of the navicular and chronic biomechanical factors that put stress on the navicular. Multiple pathogenetic theories have been proposed over the years. Pathomechanic abnormalities involve shifting of the foot bones, which leads to a parad... | Wikipedia - Mueller–Weiss syndrome | null | null | null |
Mughal architecture, as seen in the abandoned imperial city of Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal complex, has a distinctive mathematical order and a strong aesthetic based on symmetry and harmony.The Taj Mahal exemplifies Mughal architecture, both representing paradise and displaying the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's powe... | Wikipedia - Mathematics and architecture | null | null | null |
The formal charbagh ('fourfold garden') is in four parts, symbolising the four rivers of Paradise, and offering views and reflections of the mausoleum. These are divided in turn into 16 parterres. The Taj Mahal complex was laid out on a grid, subdivided into smaller grids. | Wikipedia - Mathematics and architecture | null | null | null |
The historians of architecture Koch and Barraud agree with the traditional accounts that give the width of the complex as 374 Mughal yards or gaz, the main area being three 374-gaz squares. These were divided in areas like the bazaar and caravanserai into 17-gaz modules; the garden and terraces are in modules of 23 gaz... | Wikipedia - Mathematics and architecture | null | null | null |
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