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NDN's data-centric security has natural applications to content access control and infrastructure security. Applications can encrypt data and distribute keys as named packets using the same named infrastructure to distribute keys, effectively limiting the data security perimeter to the context of a single application. ... | Wikipedia - Named data networking | null | null | null |
Consistent with an experimental approach, NDN trust management research is driven by application development and use: solving specific problems first and then identifying common patterns. For example, the security needs of NLSR required development of a simple hierarchical trust model, with keys at lower (closer to roo... | Wikipedia - Named data networking | null | null | null |
Publishing keys with a particular name in the hierarchy authorizes them to sign specific data packets and limits their scope. This paradigm can be easily extended to Other applications where real world trust tends to follow a hierarchical pattern, such as in our building management systems (BMS). | Wikipedia - Named data networking | null | null | null |
Since NDN leaves the trust model under the control of each application, more flexible and expressive trust relations, may also be expressed. One such example is ChronoChat, which motivated experimentation with a web-of-trust model. The security model is that a current chatroom participant can introduce a newcomer to ot... | Wikipedia - Named data networking | null | null | null |
NDRs store a vast array of data related to a country's natural resources. This includes wells, well log data, well reports, core samples, seismic surveys, post-stack seismic, field data/tapes, seismic (acquisition/processing) reports, production data, geological maps and reports, license data and geological models. | Wikipedia - National Data Repository | null | null | null |
NDS uses the SQLite Database File Format. An NDS database can consist of several product databases, and each product database may be divided further into update regions. This concept supports a flexible and consistent versioning concept for NDS databases and makes it possible to integrate databases from different datab... | Wikipedia - Navigation Data Standard | null | null | null |
NDSC observations. The Network for the Detection for Stratospheric Change (NDSC) is a set of high-quality remote-sounding research stations for observing and understanding the physical and chemical state of the stratosphere. Ozone and key ozone-related chemical compounds and parameters are targeted for measurement. The... | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
The primary instruments and measurements are: Ozone lidar (vertical profiles of ozone from the tropopause to at least 40 km altitude; in some cases tropospheric ozone will also be measured). Temperature lidar (vertical profiles of temperature from about 30 to 80 km). Aerosol lidar (vertical profiles of aerosol optical ... | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
Water vapor lidar (vertical profiles of water vapor in the lower stratosphere). Ozone microwave (vertical profiles of stratospheric ozone from 20 to 70 km). H2O microwave (vertical profiles water vapor from about 20 to 80 km). | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
ClO microwave (vertical profiles of ClO from about 25 to 45 km, depending on latitude). Ultraviolet/Visible spectrograph (column abundance of ozone, NO2, and, at some latitudes, OClO and BrO). Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (column abundances of a broad range of species including ozone, HCl, NO, NO2, ClONO2, a... | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
MkIV observations. The MkIV Interferometer is a Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectrometer, designed and built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1984, to remotely sense the composition of the Earth's atmosphere by the technique of solar absorption spectrometry. This was born out of concern that man-made pollutan... | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
Since 1984, the MkIV Interferometer has participated in 3 NASA DC-8 polar aircraft campaigns, and has successfully completed 15 balloon flights. In addition, the MkIV Interferometer made over 900 days of ground-based observations from many different locations, including McMurdo, Antarctica in 1986. Sonde observations. | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
The World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) is one of five World Data Centres which are part of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The WOUDC is operated by the Experimental Studies Division of the Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC) — formerl... | Wikipedia - Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases | null | null | null |
NEA and Greylock led the company’s $9.3 million Series A funding round in 2002. Sutter Hill Ventures led its $17 million Series B funding round in 2003, joined again by NEA and Greylock. Through 2005, the three companies invested a total of $40 million in Data Domain.The company had their initial public offering on Jun... | Wikipedia - Data Domain (corporation) | null | null | null |
This put the stock price at $15 per share, above the forecasted range of $11.50 to $13.50. The company’s market capitalization was $776.5 million at the time of the IPO. It was listed on Nasdaq with symbol DDUP. | Wikipedia - Data Domain (corporation) | null | null | null |
NEAMC competitions have: Three days of engagement Six skills categories for prizes The best sum ranking across all rounds winSchool teams engage within the Communication skills rounds. The Collaboration skills rounds are in buddy teams of three (teams with random teammates). The Challenge are skills rounds undertaken a... | Wikipedia - North East Asian Mathematics Competition | null | null | null |
NEC-5 solves the Electric-field integral equation for wires and surfaces using the newer mixed potential method developed by Rao, Wilton and Glisson.NEC-5 remains the property of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the University of California. NEC-5 requires a license. | Wikipedia - Numerical Electromagnetics Code | null | null | null |
NEC4 was announced in March 2017 and has been available since June 2017. This new edition reflects procurement and project management developments and emerging best practice, with improvements in flexibility, clarity and the ease of administration. It also introduced two new contracts: the NEC4 Design, Build and Operat... | Wikipedia - New Engineering Contract | null | null | null |
NEDI (New Edge-Directed Interpolation) computes local covariances in the original image, and uses them to adapt the interpolation at high resolution. It is the prototypic filter of this family. | Wikipedia - Pixel art scaling algorithms | null | null | null |
NEERI's mandate includes the following objectives: Conducting research and developmental studies in the field of environmental science and engineering. Providing assistance to industries in the region, as well as local bodies, in addressing environmental pollution issues Collaborating and interacting with academic and ... | Wikipedia - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute | null | null | null |
NEES Research covers a wide range of topics including performance of existing and new construction, energy dissipation and base isolation systems, innovative materials, lifeline systems such as pipelines, piping, and bridges, and nonstructural systems such a ceilings and cladding. Researchers are also investigation soi... | Wikipedia - Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation | null | null | null |
NEL operated an indentured apprentice training scheme and offered a wide range of skills for young engineers before being privatised ranging between light machining, heavy machining, fitting, electro-discharge-machining, jig and horizontal boring and in later years CNC machining, programming and introductions to FMS (f... | Wikipedia - National Engineering Laboratory | null | null | null |
NEM is a Michael acceptor in the Michael reaction, which means that it adds nucleophiles such as thiols. The resulting thioether features a strong C-S bond and the reaction is virtually irreversible. Reaction with thiols occur in the pH range 6.5–7.5, NEM may react with amines or undergo hydrolysis at a more alkaline p... | Wikipedia - N-Ethylmaleimide | null | null | null |
NEMO (Amsterdam) is the largest science center in the Netherlands, with hands-on science exhibitions. | Wikipedia - Physics outreach | null | null | null |
NESDIS's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) archives data collected by the NOAA, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, the Federal Aviation Administration, and meteorological services around the world. | Wikipedia - National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service | null | null | null |
NCEI is a merger of NOAA's National Climatic Data Center, National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), and National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)). NESDIS also runs the: Office of Projects, Planning, and Analysis (OPPA) formerly the Office of Systems Development (OSD) Of... | Wikipedia - National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service | null | null | null |
NESPAK provides services in the following sectors: Energy Water Resources Development and Dam Engineering Communication Architecture and Planning Public Health Engineering Industrial Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Environment Information Technology (IT) and GIS Structure design Construction Management Building Information ... | Wikipedia - National Engineering Services Pakistan | null | null | null |
NESPAK specialises in the fields of power and mechanical; water and agriculture; architecture and planning; highways, bridges, airports and seaports; environmental and public health engineering; engineering for industry; heating, ventilation and air-conditioning; information technology and geographical information syst... | Wikipedia - National Engineering Services Pakistan | null | null | null |
NETA, also known as norethinyltestosterone acetate, as well as 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone 17β-acetate or 17α-ethynylestra-4-en-17β-ol-3-one 17β-acetate, is a progestin, or synthetic progestogen, of the 19-nortestosterone group, and a synthetic estrane steroid. It is the C17β acetate ester of norethisterone. NETA is... | Wikipedia - Norethisterone acetate | null | null | null |
NETE, also known as norethinyltestosterone enanthate, as well as 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone 17β-enanthate or 17α-ethynylestr-4-en-17β-ol-3-one 17β-enanthate, is a progestin, or synthetic progestogen, of the 19-nortestosterone group, and a synthetic estrane steroid. It is the C17β enanthate ester of norethisterone. ... | Wikipedia - Norethisterone enanthate | null | null | null |
NGDC worked closely with contributors of scientific data to prepare documented, reliable data sets. They welcomed cooperative projects with other government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and universities, and encourage data exchange. | Wikipedia - National Geophysical Data Center | null | null | null |
NGDC's data holdings contained more than 300 digital and analog databases, some of which were very large. As technology advanced, so did the search for more efficient ways of preserving these data. This data is now maintained by the NCEI. | Wikipedia - National Geophysical Data Center | null | null | null |
NGDC's data users included: private industry universities and other educational facilities research organizations federal, state, and local governments foreign governments, industry, and academia publishers and other mass media the general public | Wikipedia - National Geophysical Data Center | null | null | null |
NHC ligands have become very common in organoruthenium complexes. NHC ligands can be prepared with precise steric and electronic parameters, and can be chiral for use in asymmetric catalysis. NHCs, as strongly donating L-type ligands, are often used to replace phosphine ligands. A notable example is 2nd generation Grub... | Wikipedia - Organoruthenium compound | null | null | null |
NHS Digital collects and publishes an annual report using QOF data. As this information is linked to funding GP Practices take a good deal of trouble over it and it enables direct comparisons between practices across England. Data about disease registers and achievement indicators have been collected at the end of Marc... | Wikipedia - Quality and Outcomes Framework | null | null | null |
NHTSA, along with the Bureau of Justice Assistance and the National Institute of Justice (both part of the Department of Justice) has a long history of actively promoting the use of traffic stops by local police to combat crime and search for drugs. This approach is controversial and has, in the past, been accused of e... | Wikipedia - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration | null | null | null |
NIBIB comprises an intramural research program, with laboratories on the NIH campus, and an extramural research program, which funds research at universities and institutions around the country and internationally. At its intramural research laboratories, NIBIB scientists develop state-of-the-art technologies to solve ... | Wikipedia - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering | null | null | null |
An even broader range of biomedical technologies is pursued by scientists supported though the NIBIB Extramural Research Program. These span the development of tissue chips for laboratory testing of drugs, biomedical imaging techniques for better diagnosis and treatment, targeted delivery and controlled release of ther... | Wikipedia - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering | null | null | null |
NIBIB offers science education resources for people of all ages who want to explore biomedical imaging and bioengineering topics. Among the resources are 60 Seconds of Science short videos explaining various aspects of imaging and bioengineering, as well mobile device apps with patient-friendly information about the Fu... | Wikipedia - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering | null | null | null |
NIF content can be thought of as a Catalog (NIF Registry) and deep database search (NIF Data Federation) The NIF Catalog has the largest listing of NIH-funded, neuroscience-relevant resources, including scientific databases, software tools, experimental reagents and tools, knowledge bases and portals, and other entitie... | Wikipedia - Neuroscience Information Framework | null | null | null |
For example, the AntibodyRegistry combines data from 200+ vendors, the NIF Integrated BrainGeneExpression combines gene expression data from Gensat, Alan Brain, and Mouse Genome Informatics, the Connectivity view combines six databases that have statements about nervous system connectivity, the Integrated Animal view c... | Wikipedia - Neuroscience Information Framework | null | null | null |
NIFF – Notation Interchange File Format PTB – Power Tab Editor tab ASF – Advanced Systems Format CUST – DeliPlayer custom sound format GYM – Genesis YM2612 log JAM – Jam music format MNG – Background music for the Creatures game series, starting from Creatures 2 RMJ – RealJukebox Media used for RealPlayer SID – Sound I... | Wikipedia - List of file formats | null | null | null |
NIIMash has an extensive experience in design of testing stands, measurement and control as well as certifications. They also have a line of custom built air separation plants. They also have extensive experience in rotational forming of metals. The list of space rated products is extensive and is the following: | Wikipedia - Research and Development Institute of Mechanical Engineering | null | null | null |
NIMBioS’ director is Nina H. Fefferman, Professor of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and Mathematics at the UT. Louis J. Gross, Professor of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and Mathematics at the UT served as the previous Director. NIMBioS leadership team also includes associate directors and a deputy director. NIMBioS h... | Wikipedia - National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis | null | null | null |
NISQ algorithms are designed for quantum processors in the NISQ era, such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), which use NISQ devices but offload some calculations to classical processors. These algorithms have been successful in quantum chemistry and have ... | Wikipedia - Noisy intermediate-scale quantum era | null | null | null |
NIST Special Publication 800-38G, "Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Methods for Format-Preserving Encryption" specifies two methods: FF1 and FF3. Details on the proposals submitted for each can be found at the NIST Block Cipher Modes Development site, including patent and test vector information. Sam... | Wikipedia - Format-preserving encryption | null | null | null |
It was submitted to NIST by Mihir Bellare of University of California, San Diego, Phillip Rogaway of University of California, Davis, and Terence Spies of Voltage Security Inc. Test vectors are supplied and parts of it are patented. (DRAFT SP 800-38G Rev 1) requires the minimum domain size of the data being encrypted t... | Wikipedia - Format-preserving encryption | null | null | null |
Authors declared to NIST that their algorithm is not patented. The CyberRes Voltage product, although claims to own patents also for BPS mode. On 12 April 2017, NIST concluded that FF3 is "no longer suitable as a general-purpose FPE method" because researchers found a vulnerability. | Wikipedia - Format-preserving encryption | null | null | null |
FF3-1 (DRAFT SP 800-38G Rev 1) replaces FF3 and requires the minimum domain size of the data being encrypted to be 1 million (previously 100).Another mode was included in the draft NIST guidance but was removed before final publication. FF2 is VAES3 scheme for FFX: An addendum to "The FFX Mode of Operation for Preservi... | Wikipedia - Format-preserving encryption | null | null | null |
NIST distributes a software reference library, the American National Software Reference Library, that uses cryptographic hash functions to fingerprint files and map them to software products. The HashKeeper database, maintained by the National Drug Intelligence Center, is a repository of fingerprints of "known to be go... | Wikipedia - Fingerprinting algorithm | null | null | null |
NIST received 50 submissions and deemed 40 to be complete and proper according to the submission requirements. Under consideration are:(strikethrough means it has been withdrawn) | Wikipedia - NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization | null | null | null |
NK cells are known to form synapses with cytolytic effect towards the target cell. In the initiation step, NK cell approaches the target cell, either accidentally or intentionally due to the chemotactic signalling. Firstly, the sialyl Lewis X present on the surface of target cell is recognized by CD2 on NK cell. If the... | Wikipedia - Immunological synapse | null | null | null |
If such signal is missing, a tight adhesion via LFA1 and MAC1 is promoted and enhanced by additional signals such as CD226-ligand and CD96-CD155 interactions.Lytic granules are secretory organelles filled with perforin, granzymes and other cytolytic enzymes. After initiation of the cell-cell contact, the lytic granules... | Wikipedia - Immunological synapse | null | null | null |
In this process, the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) containing long cytoplasmic tails with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) are clustered in the site of synapse, bind their ligand on the surface of target cell and form the supramolecular inhibitory cluster (SMIC). SMIC then acts... | Wikipedia - Immunological synapse | null | null | null |
NL LOM is the Dutch metadata profile for educational resources in the Netherlands. This application profile was the result of merging the Dutch higher education LOM profile with the one used in primary and secondary Dutch education. The final version was released in 2011. | Wikipedia - Learning Object Metadata | null | null | null |
NMF has been successfully applied in bioinformatics for clustering gene expression and DNA methylation data and finding the genes most representative of the clusters. In the analysis of cancer mutations it has been used to identify common patterns of mutations that occur in many cancers and that probably have distinct ... | Wikipedia - Positive matrix factorization | null | null | null |
NMF is also used to analyze spectral data; one such use is in the classification of space objects and debris. | Wikipedia - Positive matrix factorization | null | null | null |
NML employs scientists (MD, PhD, and DVM), biologists, and laboratory technologists, but it also includes informatics specialists, biosafety experts, specialized operations and maintenance staff, and administrative staff, among others. In total, there are approximately 600 staff members as of 2016.The laboratory has co... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
NML is renowned for its work on a broad spectrum of infectious diseases from seasonal influenza to Ebola and its accomplishments are too many to detail. Some recent examples of the work done by NML include their involvement in the response to the West African Ebola outbreak. For a period of about 18 months, teams from ... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
Also during this outbreak, a promising vaccine and treatment for Ebola that were developed at NML, in conjunction with collaborators, were fast tracked into clinical trials so that they could get to the people that needed it as soon as possible.Another accomplishment was the response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
As the lead laboratory in Canada, NML rapidly developed diagnostic tests and equipped provincial labs to be able to test for the new virus. NML also assisted Mexico by providing additional testing and sent staff to their national laboratory to enable to help them set up their own testing protocols. In the international... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
The lab-truck is generally used for in-country deployments at high-profile events such as the 2010 Olympics, the lab-trailer is used for international large-scale events where there may be a threat of bioterrorism or other deliberate acts involving infectious agents, and the lab in a suitcase is frequently used in remo... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
NML houses the secretariats for both the Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network (CPHLN) and the Global Health Security Action Group – Laboratory Network (GHSAG-LN). The role of CPHLN is to provide a forum for public health laboratory leaders to share knowledge. The GHSAG-LN network's goals are to coordinate the diag... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
The Canadian Network for Public Health Intelligence (CNPHI) is an innovation developed by NML staff. It is a secure web-based system that compiles information from various surveillance systems and issues alerts to users. More than 4,000 public health officials across Canada now subscribe to it. CNPHI tools assist in de... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
NML programs are housed in several facilities across the country. Two of these facilities are in proximity to each other in Winnipeg: The Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health on Arlington Street and the J.C. Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre on Logan Avenue. The other facilities are located in Gue... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
Hyacinthe, QC and Lethbridge, AB. NML is divided into five main laboratory divisions which are supported by scientific and administrative services. The primary NML divisions are: Bacterial Pathogens - focussing on bacterial diseases such as tuberculosis and antibiotic resistant organisms. | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
Enteric Diseases - focussing on food and water-borne pathogens including E.coli and Salmonella. Viral Diseases - addressing a range of viral diseases, including hepatitis and other blood-borne pathogens, respiratory viruses and viral exanthemata, such as measles. Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens - dealing with v... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
HIV and Retrovirology - providing laboratory services and scientific expertise relating to HIV and emerging retroviruses. The Science Technology Core and Services Division works with these divisions to provide technological approaches, including genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics. There is also the Public Health R... | Wikipedia - National Microbiology Laboratory | null | null | null |
NMR quantum computing uses the spin states of nuclei within molecules as qubits. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems; in this case, molecules. | Wikipedia - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance | null | null | null |
NMR spectra databases correlate chemical structure with NMR data. These databases often include other characterization data such as FTIR and mass spectrometry. | Wikipedia - Chemical Registration system | null | null | null |
NMR spectroscopy uses the net spin of nuclei in a substance upon energy absorption to identify molecules. This has now become a standard spectroscopic tool within synthetic chemistry. One major use of NMR is to determine the bond connectivity within an organic molecule. | Wikipedia - Nuclear chemist | null | null | null |
NMR imaging also uses the net spin of nuclei (commonly protons) for imaging. This is widely used for diagnostic purposes in medicine, and can provide detailed images of the inside of a person without inflicting any radiation upon them. In a medical setting, NMR is often known simply as "magnetic resonance" imaging, as ... | Wikipedia - Nuclear chemist | null | null | null |
NMT also supported a simple but robust integrated data transfer mode called DMS (Data and Messaging Service) or NMT-Text, which used the network's signaling channel for data transfer. Using DMS, text messaging was also possible between two NMT handsets before SMS service started in GSM, but this feature was never comme... | Wikipedia - Nordic Mobile Telephone | null | null | null |
NMT has been widely applied in plant biology in fields such as abiotic/biotic stress, plant nutrition, plant growth and development, plant/microbe interaction, plant defense, photosynthesis, signal transduction research, and more. Roots are commonly measured, in addition to many other plant samples such as leaf tissue,... | Wikipedia - Non-invasive micro-test technology | null | null | null |
NNEDI is a family of intra-field deinterlacers which can also be used to enlarge images by powers of two. When being used as a deinterlacer, it takes in a frame, throws away one field, and then interpolates the missing pixels using only information from the kept field. There are so far three major generations of NNEDI. | Wikipedia - Pixel art scaling algorithms | null | null | null |
NNEDI, the original version, works with YUY2 and YV12 input. NNEDI2 added RGB24 support and a special function nnedi2_rpow2 for upscaling. NNEDI3 enhances NNEDI2 with a predictor neural network. | Wikipedia - Pixel art scaling algorithms | null | null | null |
Both the size of the network and the neighborhood it examines can be tweaked for a speed-quality tradeoff:This is a quality vs speed option; however, differences are usually small between the amount of neurons for a specific resize factor, however the performance difference between the count of neurons becomes larger a... | Wikipedia - Pixel art scaling algorithms | null | null | null |
NNK is initially a procarcinogen that needs activation to exert its effects. The activation of NNK is done by enzymes of the cytochrome pigment (CYP) multigene family. These enzymes catalyze hydroxylation reactions. Beside the CYP family NNK can also be activated by metabolic genes, like myeloperoxidase (MPO) and epoxi... | Wikipedia - Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone | null | null | null |
NNK can be activated by two different routes, the oxidative path and the reductive path. In the oxidative metabolism NNK undergoes an α-hydroxylation catalyzed by cytochrome P450. This reaction can be done by two pathways namely by α-methylhydroxylation or by α-methylenehydroxylation. | Wikipedia - Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone | null | null | null |
Both pathways produce the carcinogenic metabolized isoform of NNK, NNAL.In the reductive metabolism NNK undergoes either a carbonyl reduction or a pyridine N-oxidation, both producing NNAL.NNAL can be detoxified by glucuronidation producing a non-carcinogenic compounds known as NNAL-Glucs. The glucuronidation can take ... | Wikipedia - Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone | null | null | null |
NO is a gaseous signaling molecule. It is a key vertebrate biological messenger, playing a role in a variety of biological processes. It is a bioproduct in almost all types of organisms, including bacteria, plants, fungi, and animal cells.Nitric oxide, an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), is biosynthesized en... | Wikipedia - Nitric Oxide | null | null | null |
One of the main enzymatic targets of nitric oxide is guanylyl cyclase. The binding of nitric oxide to the heme region of the enzyme leads to activation, in the presence of iron. Nitric oxide is highly reactive (having a lifetime of a few seconds), yet diffuses freely across membranes. | Wikipedia - Nitric Oxide | null | null | null |
These attributes make nitric oxide ideal for a transient paracrine (between adjacent cells) and autocrine (within a single cell) signaling molecule. Once nitric oxide is converted to nitrates and nitrites by oxygen and water, cell signaling is deactivated.The endothelium (inner lining) of blood vessels uses nitric oxid... | Wikipedia - Nitric Oxide | null | null | null |
NOAA fleet Ship of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) GOSUD Global Ocean Surface Underway Data (http://www.gosud.org) | Wikipedia - Thermosalinograph | null | null | null |
NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and the WMO reported that 2019 was the second hottest year in its 140-year climate record—0.04°C (0.07°F) cooler than 2016—with the U.K. Met Office ranking it among the three hottest. NOAA also reported that ocean heat content—the amount of heat stored in the... | Wikipedia - 2019 in climate change | null | null | null |
The WMO Global Atmosphere Watch in-situ observational network showed that carbon dioxide (410.5±0.2 ppm), methane (1877±2 ppb) and nitrous oxide (332.0±0.1 ppb) reached new highs in 2019, respectively constituting 148%, 260% and 123% of pre-industrial levels. The fire season in Sakha (Siberia) was unprecedented in the ... | Wikipedia - 2019 in climate change | null | null | null |
The Rhodium Group estimated that China contributed over 27% of total 2019 global greenhouse gas emissions (14 of 52 gigatons), surpassing the emissions of all OECD countries combined, though trailing them in per capita emissions; China was followed by the U.S. (11%), India (6.6%), Europe-27 (6.4%). 1 February 2022: a s... | Wikipedia - 2019 in climate change | null | null | null |
NOMAC, also known as 17α-acetoxy-6-methyl-δ6-19-norprogesterone or as 17α-acetoxy-6-methyl-19-norpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione, is a synthetic norpregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone belonging to the 19-norprogesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone groups. NOMAC is the C17α acetate ester of nomegestrol and the... | Wikipedia - Nomegestrol acetate | null | null | null |
NOR has the interesting feature that all other logical operators can be expressed by interlaced NOR operations. The logical NAND operator also has this ability. Expressed in terms of NOR ↓ {\displaystyle \downarrow } , the usual operators of propositional logic are: | Wikipedia - Logical NOR | null | null | null |
NORLOM is the Norwegian LOM profile. The profile is managed by NSSL (The Norwegian Secretariat for Standardization of Learning Technologies) | Wikipedia - Learning Object Metadata | null | null | null |
NOTE: This list is not meant to be comprehensive. It is meant to show the widespread use of catapults in the Western world. | Wikipedia - Torsion siege engine | null | null | null |
NOνA can potentially resolve the mass hierarchy because it operates at a relatively high energy. Of the experiments currently running it has the broadest scope for making this measurement unambiguously with least dependence on the value of δ. Many future experiments that seek to make precision measurements of neutrino ... | Wikipedia - NOvA | null | null | null |
Since matter effects are less pronounced both at lower energies and shorter baselines, it is unable to resolve the mass ordering for the majority of possible values of δ.The interpretation of Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments will also benefit from knowing the mass ordering, since the mass hierarchy affects th... | Wikipedia - NOvA | null | null | null |
NP-completeness of the 3-partition problem is stated by Garey and Johnson in "Computers and Intractability; A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness", which references to this problem with the code . It is done by a reduction from 3-dimensional matching via 4-partition. To prove NP-completeness of the numerical 3-dimen... | Wikipedia - Numerical 3-dimensional matching | null | null | null |
NPP1 helps scavenge extracellular nucleotides in order to meet the high purine and pyrimidine requirements of dividing cells. In T-cells, it may scavenge NAD+ from nearby dead cells as a source of adenosine.The pyrophosphate produced by NPP1 in bone cells is thought to serve as both a phosphate source for calcium phosp... | Wikipedia - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase | null | null | null |
Overactivity of the enzyme is associated with chondrocalcinosis, while deficiency correlates to pathological calcification.NPP1 inhibits the insulin receptor in vitro. In 2005, overexpression of the isoform was implicated in insulin resistance in mice. It has been linked to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes in hum... | Wikipedia - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase | null | null | null |
NPP2, known in humans as autotaxin, acts primarily in cell motility pathways. With its active site functioning, NPP2 promotes cellular migration at picomolar concentrations. Soluble splice variants of NPP2 are thought to be important to cancer metastasis, and also show angiogenic properties in tumors. | Wikipedia - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase | null | null | null |
NPP3 is probably a major contributor to nucleotide metabolism in the intestine and liver.Intestinal NPP3 would be involved in hydrolyzing food-derived nucleotides.The liver releases ATP and ADP into the bile to regulate bile secretion. It subsequently reclaims adenosine via a pathway that probably contains NPP3. | Wikipedia - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase | null | null | null |
NPPs have been implicated in several biological processes, including bone mineralization, purine nucleotide and insulin signaling, and cell differentiation and motility. They are generally regulated at the transcriptional level. | Wikipedia - Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase | null | null | null |
NPfIT has been criticised for inadequate attention to security and patient privacy, with the Public Accounts Committee noting "patients and doctors have understandable concerns about data security", and that the Department of Health did not have a full picture of data security across the NHS. In 2000, the NHS Executive... | Wikipedia - NHS Connecting for Health | null | null | null |
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