questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What is the oxygen-storing protein found in diving mammals' muscles called?
Here are the choices:
A. hemoglobin
B. myoglobin
C. pigment
D. pheromone | B: myoglobin. | |
The modern atomic theory states that all matter is composed of what?
Here are the choices:
A. atoms
B. quarks
C. molecules
D. ions | The modern atomic theory states that all matter is composed of atoms. | A: atoms. |
Pressure has a significant effect on the solubility of what state of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. mixtures
B. gases
C. solids
D. water | Pressure has very little effect on the solubility of solids or liquids, but has a significant effect on the solubility of gases. Gas solubility increases as the partial pressure of a gas above the liquid increases. Suppose a certain volume of water is in a closed container with the space above it occupied by carbon dio... | B: gases. |
The site of some nutrient absorption, the ileum is the third part of what digestive organ?
Here are the choices:
A. large intestine
B. stomach
C. small intestine
D. rectum | The ileum is the third part of the small intestine. A few remaining nutrients are absorbed here. Like the jejunum, the inner surface of the ileum is covered with villi that increase the surface area for absorption. | C: small intestine. |
If both atoms are the same, they have the same electronegativity and share what type of bond?
Here are the choices:
A. metabolic
B. nonpolar covalent
C. isotopic covalent
D. ionic | B: nonpolar covalent. | |
What forms when oceanic crust subducts into the mantle at convergent plate boundaries?
Here are the choices:
A. glaciers
B. tsunamis
C. volcanic mountain ranges
D. coral | Volcanic mountain ranges form when oceanic crust subducts into the mantle at convergent plate boundaries. The Andes Mountains are a chain of coastal volcanic mountains. They are forming as the Nazca plate subducts beneath the South American plate ( Figure below ). | C: volcanic mountain ranges. |
The skin plays an important role in preventing the escape of what commonly found liquid from the body?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. stomach acid
C. hormones
D. urine | The skin has multiple roles in the body. Many of these roles are related to homeostasis. The skin’s main functions are preventing water loss from the body and serving as a barrier to the entry of microorganisms. In addition, melanin in the skin blocks UV light and protects deeper layers from its damaging effects. | A: water. |
Which area of the human heart pumps the blood to the right ventricle?
Here are the choices:
A. right atrium
B. true atrium
C. left ventricle
D. left atrium | Blood from the body enters the right atrium of the heart. The right atrium pumps the blood to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs. | A: right atrium. |
What moves sediments after they have formed?
Here are the choices:
A. erosion
B. perspiration
C. photosynthesis
D. migration | Erosion moves sediments after they have formed. The sediments are transported away from the place where they form. There are several agents of erosion. Flowing water moves and deposits sediments. Water erodes far more material than any other erosional agent. Wind is important as an agent of erosion. This is especially ... | A: erosion. |
What involves the emission of a particle and/or energy as one atom changes into another?
Here are the choices:
A. spontaneous mutation
B. atomic transformation
C. radioactive decay
D. enthalpy | Radioactive decay involves the emission of a particle and/or energy as one atom changes into another. In most instances, the atom changes its identity to become a new element. There are four different types of emissions that occur. | C: radioactive decay. |
Certain anaerobic parabasalid species exist in the digestive tracts of termites and wood-eating cockroaches, where they contribute an essential step in the digestion of this?
Here are the choices:
A. nutrients
B. fiber
C. carbonate
D. cellulose | Protists do not create food sources only for sea-dwelling organisms. For instance, certain anaerobic parabasalid species exist in the digestive tracts of termites and wood-eating cockroaches, where they contribute an essential step in the digestion of cellulose ingested by these insects as they bore through wood. | D: cellulose. |
What do you call a group of cells of the same kind that performs the same function?
Here are the choices:
A. tissue
B. organ system
C. molecule
D. nucleus | Specialized cells may be organized into tissues. A tissue is a group of cells of the same kind that performs the same function. For example, muscle cells are organized into muscle tissue. The function of muscle tissue is to contract in order to move the body or its parts. | A: tissue. |
What is the name of a reactant in an enzymatic reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. tissues
B. membrane
C. substrate
D. Scar | Proteins Function as Enzymes If you were trying to type a paper, and every time you hit a key on your laptop there was a delay of six or seven minutes before you got a response, you would probably get a new laptop. In a similar way, without enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions, the human body would be nonfunctional. ... | C: substrate. |
The ideal gas law is used like any other gas law, with attention paid to the unit and making sure that temperature is expressed in kelvin. however, the ideal gas law does not require a change in the conditions of a gas sample. the ideal gas law implies that if you know any three of the physical properties of a gas, you... | The ideal gas law is used like any other gas law, with attention paid to the unit and making sure that temperature is expressed in Kelvin. However, the ideal gas law does not require a change in the conditions of a gas sample. The ideal gas law implies that if you know any three of the physical properties of a gas, you... | C: fourth. |
What is a reaction in which an atom or molecule is added to an unsaturated molecule, making a single product?
Here are the choices:
A. single reaction
B. complete reaction
C. homeostasis
D. an addition reaction | An addition reaction is a reaction in which an atom or molecule is added to an unsaturated molecule, making a single product . An addition reaction can be thought of as adding a molecule across the double or triple bond of an alkene or alkyne. Addition reactions are useful ways to introduce a new functional group into ... | D: an addition reaction. |
What is the main problem in both types of diabetes?
Here are the choices:
A. blood pressure
B. metabolism
C. blood concentration
D. insulin production | Diabetes is a disease in which insulin fails to keep blood glucose levels within a healthy range. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas doesn’t produce insulin. In type 2 diabetes, body cells do not respond normally to insulin. | D: insulin production. |
The structure of mitochondrion plays an important role in what?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetism
B. aerobic respiration
C. cell division
D. sexual reproduction | The structure of a mitochondrion is defined by an inner and outer membrane. This structure plays an important role in aerobic respiration. | B: aerobic respiration. |
Topographic maps have a horizontal scale to indicate what distances?
Here are the choices:
A. diagonal
B. perpendicular
C. horizontal
D. vertical | Topographic maps have a horizontal scale to indicate horizontal distances. | C: horizontal. |
What can occur when one end of a small diameter tube is immersed in liquid?
Here are the choices:
A. capillary action
B. thermal action
C. diffusion action
D. transfusion action | Towels soak up liquids like water because the fibers of a towel are made of molecules that are attracted to water molecules. Most cloth towels are made of cotton, and paper towels are generally made from paper pulp. Both consist of long molecules of cellulose that contain many −OH groups. Water molecules are attracted ... | A: capillary action. |
What kind of system do echinoderms possess?
Here are the choices:
A. primitive respiratory
B. water-based circulatory
C. autonomic nerous system
D. photosynthetic | 15.5 Echinoderms and Chordates Echinoderms are deuterostome marine organisms. This phylum of animals bear a calcareous endoskeleton composed of ossicles covered by a spiny skin. Echinoderms possess a water-based circulatory system. The madreporite is the point of entry and exit for water for the water vascular system. ... | B: water-based circulatory. |
Fossils provide a window into the past. they are evidence for what?
Here are the choices:
A. emergence
B. evolution
C. generation
D. intelligent design | Fossils provide a window into the past. They are evidence for evolution. | B: evolution. |
Dominant alleles rarely cause what type of disorders, since the mutant allele is likely to die out of the population?
Here are the choices:
A. mutations
B. cancers
C. genetic disorders
D. sex-linked disorders | Few genetic disorders are controlled by dominant alleles. A mutant dominant allele is expressed in every individual who inherits even one copy of it. If it causes a serious disorder, affected people may die young and fail to reproduce. Therefore, the mutant dominant allele is likely to die out of the population. | C: genetic disorders. |
Near-earth asteroids cross paths with earth, meaning they could collide; what are the paths called?
Here are the choices:
A. curves
B. galaxies
C. trajectory
D. orbits | Near-Earth asteroids have orbits that cross Earth’s orbit. This means that they can collide with Earth. There are over 4,500 known near-Earth asteroids. Small asteroids do sometimes collide with Earth. An asteroid about 5–10 m in diameter hits about once per year. Five hundred to a thousand of the known near-Earth aste... | D: orbits. |
Reflected in their relatively high level of intelligence and their ability to learn new behaviors, what organs tend to be relatively large in primates?
Here are the choices:
A. brains
B. kidneys
C. hearts
D. lungs | Primates tend to have bigger brains for their body size than other mammals. This is reflected in their relatively high level of intelligence and their ability to learn new behaviors. | A: brains. |
This inverse relationship between solubility and temperature can be understood by looking at a what?
Here are the choices:
A. nutrient model
B. a slide
C. molecular model
D. potassium model | This inverse relationship between solubility and temperature can be understood by looking at a molecular model. Recall that higher temperatures are associated with faster particles. Gas particles are held in solution by attractive interactions with the solvent molecules. If the particles are moving slowly, these attrac... | C: molecular model. |
Energy from sunlight enters many ecosystems through what process?
Here are the choices:
A. photosynthesis
B. multiplication
C. reproduction
D. isolation | Ecosystems need energy. Many ecosystems get their energy in the form of sunlight, which enters the ecosystem through photosynthesis . This energy then flows through the ecosystem, passed from producers to consumers . Plants are producers in many ecosystems. Energy flows from plants to the herbivores that eat the plants... | A: photosynthesis. |
What is the world’s most serious resource problem?
Here are the choices:
A. water scarcity
B. citrus blight
C. gas shortage
D. deforestation | Most Americans have plenty of fresh, clean water. But many people around the world do not. In fact, water scarcity is the world’s most serious resource problem. How can that be? Water is almost everywhere. But much of it is unusable. What is usable is not always where it is needed. | A: water scarcity. |
Quarks also have a different type of charge, called what?
Here are the choices:
A. color charge
B. spontaneous charge
C. contrast charge
D. pure charge | There are six types of quarks . In ordinary matter, virtually all quarks are of the types called up and down quarks. All quarks have mass, and they have an electric charge of either +2/3 or -1/3. For example, up quarks have a charge of +2/3, and down quarks have a charge of -1/3. Quarks also have a different type of ch... | A: color charge. |
Thylakoids in a chloroplast contain what plant pigment?
Here are the choices:
A. chlorophyll
B. dye
C. melanin
D. ultramarine | The structure of a chloroplast is shown in Figure below . The chloroplast is surrounded by two membranes. Inside the chloroplast are stacks of flattened sacs of membrane, called thylakoids . The thylakoids contain chlorophyll. Surrounding the thylakoids is a space called the stroma . The stroma is filled with watery ("... | A: chlorophyll. |
The expulsion stage begins when the fetal head enters what?
Here are the choices:
A. birth canal
B. you can see the umbilical cord
C. uterus
D. head is outside vagina | Expulsion Stage The expulsion stage begins when the fetal head enters the birth canal and ends with birth of the newborn. It typically takes up to 2 hours, but it can last longer or be completed in minutes, depending in part on the orientation of the fetus. The vertex presentation known as the occiput anterior vertex i... | A: birth canal. |
What type of waste is likely to explode?
Here are the choices:
A. explosive waste
B. liquid waste
C. mesh waste
D. solid waste | Explosive waste is likely to explode. The risk of explosion may be greater if the waste is mixed with other substances. | A: explosive waste. |
Named after the dutch physicist, the van de graaff is a type of what device used for nuclear research?
Here are the choices:
A. barometer
B. accelerator
C. radiation detector
D. electromagnetic | Early Accelerators An early accelerator is a relatively simple, large-scale version of the electron gun. The Van de Graaff (named after the Dutch physicist), which you have likely seen in physics demonstrations, is a small version of the ones used for nuclear research since their invention for that purpose in 1932. For... | B: accelerator. |
A substance that displays different colors when in the presence of an acid or a base is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. pH scale
B. litmus test
C. an acid-base indicator
D. reactor | An acid-base indicator is a substance that displays different colors when in the presence of an acid or a base. How does that work? An indicator is a weak acid that ionizes within a known pH range, usually about 2 pH units. We can represent the protonated form of the indicator molecule as HIn and the deprotonated form ... | C: an acid-base indicator. |
What is the name for the study of the plants and animals that live in fresh water bodies ?
Here are the choices:
A. oceanography
B. hydrology
C. limnology
D. nematology | Limnology is the study of the plants and animals that live in fresh water bodies. A lake has zones just like the ocean. The ecosystem of a lake is divided into three distinct zones ( Figure below ):. | C: limnology. |
What does urine leave the body through?
Here are the choices:
A. colon
B. vagina
C. uterus
D. urethra | Urine leaves the body through the urethra . | D: urethra. |
What type of plant is the dominant group of land plants?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular plants
B. thermal plants
C. grass plants
D. oxygen plants | Vascular Plants The vascular plants are the dominant and most conspicuous group of land plants. There are about 275,000 species of vascular plants, which represent more than 90 percent of Earth’s vegetation. Several evolutionary innovations explain their success and their spread to so many habitats. Vascular Tissue: Xy... | A: vascular plants. |
What term is used to describe a process in which material travels from regions of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached?
Here are the choices:
A. active transport
B. Osmosis
C. fission
D. diffusion | The folded surfaces of the gills provide a large surface area to ensure that the fish gets sufficient oxygen. Diffusion is a process in which material travels from regions of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached. In this case, blood with a low concentration of oxygen molecules circulates... | D: diffusion. |
Poetically speaking, nature reserves are islands of what, in a sea of habitat degraded by human activity?
Here are the choices:
A. refuge
B. habitats
C. ecosystem
D. biodiversity | D: biodiversity. | |
Reactive elements are able to combine more what with other elements?
Here are the choices:
A. easily
B. quickly
C. symmetrically
D. slowly | Reactive elements combine easily with other elements. This explains why they usually exist in nature in compounds rather than in pure form. | A: easily. |
What do scientists attach to aquatic animals to collect information?
Here are the choices:
A. fluorescent tags
B. ultraviolet tags
C. satellite tags
D. radio tags | Beginning in 2000, scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Stanford University, and the University of California, Santa Cruz combined to form TOPP. As part of TOPP, researchers attach satellite tags to elephant seals, white sharks, giant leatherback turtles, bluefin tuna, swordfish, and oth... | C: satellite tags. |
Upon ovulation, the oocyte released by the ovary is swept into where?
Here are the choices:
A. placental barrier
B. umbilical cord
C. uterine tube
D. vas deferens | Contact Between Sperm and Oocyte Upon ovulation, the oocyte released by the ovary is swept into—and along—the uterine tube. Fertilization must occur in the distal uterine tube because an unfertilized oocyte cannot survive the 72-hour journey to the uterus. As you will recall from your study of the oogenesis, this oocyt... | C: uterine tube. |
Giardiasis and malaria are diseases caused by what organism?
Here are the choices:
A. worms
B. larvae
C. bacteria
D. protozoa | Many human diseases are caused by protists. Most of them are caused by protozoa. They are parasites that invade and live in the human body. The parasites get a place to live and nutrients from the human host. In return, they make the host sick. Examples of human diseases caused by protozoa include giardiasis and malari... | D: protozoa. |
The number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time is referred to as what?
Here are the choices:
A. wave frequency
B. wave speed
C. wave harmonics
D. tendency frequency | Wave frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time. | A: wave frequency. |
The name carbon tetrachloride implies one carbon atom and four of which other atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. iodine
B. chlorine
C. nitrogen
D. calcium | The name carbon tetrachloride implies one carbon atom and four chlorine atoms, so the formula is CCl4. Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. | B: chlorine. |
Most of a mushroom's surface area is actually where?
Here are the choices:
A. underwater
B. air
C. hidden
D. underground | Fungi can grow fast because they are such good eaters. Fungi have lots of surface area, and this large surface area “eats” or absorbs. Surface area is how much exposed area an organism has, compared to their overall volume. Most of a mushroom's surface area is actually underground. If you see a mushroom in your yard, t... | D: underground. |
Interneurons carry what back and forth between sensory and motor neurons?
Here are the choices:
A. nerve impulses
B. sciatica
C. electricity
D. flux impulses | Interneurons carry nerve impulses back and forth between sensory and motor neurons. | A: nerve impulses. |
What are the mineral deposits that fill in underground cracks called?
Here are the choices:
A. motherlode
B. cores
C. veins
D. currents | Underground water can be heated by magma. The hot water moves through cracks below Earth’s surface. Hot water can hold more dissolved particles than cold water. The hot, salty solution has chemical reactions with the rocks around it. The water picks up more dissolved particles. As it flows through open spaces in rocks,... | C: veins. |
Some of the small moons of saturn are found within what features distinctive to the planet?
Here are the choices:
A. craters of saturn
B. crest of saturn
C. rings of saturn
D. interior of saturn | As of 2011, over 60 moons have been identified around Saturn. Only seven of Saturn’s moons are round. All but one is smaller than Earth’s Moon. Some of the very small moons are found within the rings. All the particles in the rings are like little moons, because they orbit around Saturn. Someone must decide which ones ... | C: rings of saturn. |
An image that is double the size of the object would have what?
Here are the choices:
A. illumination
B. magnification
C. stimulation
D. configuration | The size of an object’s image is larger (or smaller) than the object itself by its magnification, . The level of magnification is proportional to the ratio of and . An image that is double the size of the object would have magnification . | B: magnification. |
What is made up of bands of cells that contract for movement?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular tissue
B. muscle tissue
C. collagen
D. cartilage | Muscle tissue is made up of bands of cells that contract and allow movement. | B: muscle tissue. |
What is the name of the muscular tube that carries urine out of the body?
Here are the choices:
A. uterus
B. bladder
C. urethra
D. rectum | From the collecting ducts of the kidneys, urine enters the ureters , two muscular tubes that move the urine by peristalsis to the bladder (see Figure above ). The bladder is a hollow, sac-like organ that stores urine. When the bladder is about half full, it sends a nerve impulse to a sphincter to relax and let urine fl... | C: urethra. |
Tissues are organized by what?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. structures
C. lipids
D. branches | Cells are organized into tissues, and tissues form organs. | A: cells. |
Carbon released by burning fossil fuels contributes to what effect in the atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. cloud effect
B. greenhouse effect
C. shielding effect
D. smog effect | Burning of fossil fuels, such as oil, releases carbon into the atmosphere. This carbon must be cycled - removed from the atmosphere - back into living organisms, or it stays in the atmosphere. Increased carbon in the atmosphere contributes to the greenhouse effect on Earth. | B: greenhouse effect. |
What are a class of biochemical compounds that living things use to store energy?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. calories
C. proteins
D. hydrocarbons | Lipids are a class of biochemical compounds that living things use to store energy. Types of lipids include fats and oils. | A: lipids. |
Which element has an atomic number of 16?
Here are the choices:
A. sulfur
B. methane
C. acid
D. oxygen | The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Therefore, in a neutral atom of sulfur, there are 16 electrons. Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. | A: sulfur. |
Fossil evidence indicates that the ancestors of humans originated on which continent?
Here are the choices:
A. north america
B. africa
C. australia
D. south america | B: africa. | |
What will spores that eventually germinate develop into?
Here are the choices:
A. yeast cells
B. gametes
C. hydra
D. new hyphae | This phylogenetic tree is based on comparisons of ribosomal RNA base sequences among living organisms. The tree divides all organisms into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Humans and other animals belong to the Eukarya domain. From this tree, organisms that make up the domain Eukarya appear to have shared... | D: new hyphae. |
A binary molecular compound is made up of two of what?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. compounds
C. wafers
D. elements | A binary molecular compound is a molecular compound that is composed of two elements. The elements that combine to form binary molecular compounds are both nonmetal atoms. This contrasts with ionic compounds, which were formed from a metal ion and a nonmetal ion. Therefore, binary molecular compounds are different beca... | D: elements. |
Sound, like all waves, travels at a certain speed and has the properties of frequency and this?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. momentum
C. wavelength
D. gravity | Sound, like all waves, travels at a certain speed and has the properties of frequency and wavelength. You can observe direct evidence of the speed of sound while watching a fireworks display. The flash of an explosion is seen well before its sound is heard, implying both that sound travels at a finite speed and that it... | C: wavelength. |
Do bacteria sexually reproduce?
Here are the choices:
A. they don't reproduce
B. no
C. sometimes
D. yes | Are there male and female bacteria? Of course the answer is no. So, sexual reproduction does not occur in bacteria. But not all new bacteria are clones. This is because bacteria can acquire new DNA. This process occurs in three different ways:. | B: no. |
What is type of sugar is produced through photosynthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. insulin
B. carbohydrates
C. glutamate
D. glucose | The energy of the sun is first captured by producers ( Figure below ), organisms that can make their own food. Many producers make their own food through the process of photosynthesis . The "food" the producers make is the sugar, glucose . Producers make food for the rest of the ecosystem. As energy is not recycled, en... | D: glucose. |
The light-sensing cells in the retina are called rods and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. cones
B. sensor cells
C. stents
D. light cells | The back of the eye is covered by a thin layer called the retina. This is where the image of the object normally forms. The retina consists of special light-sensing cells called rods and cones. Rods sense dim light. Cones sense different colors of light. | A: cones. |
Lampreys possess a large round sucker, lined with teeth, that surrounds the mouth and is used to feed on what?
Here are the choices:
A. herbivores
B. blood
C. marrow
D. parasites | Like hagfish, lampreys also lack scales, but they have fins and a partial backbone. The most striking feature of lampreys is a large round sucker, lined with teeth, that surrounds the mouth (see Figure below ). Lampreys use their sucker to feed on the blood of other fish species. | B: blood. |
What is the type of plant that has a single cotelydon in the seedling?
Here are the choices:
A. dicot
B. monocot
C. conifer
D. moss | Monocots Plants in the monocot group are primarily identified as such by the presence of a single cotyledon in the seedling. Other anatomical features shared by monocots include veins that run parallel to the length of the leaves, and flower parts that are arranged in a three- or six-fold symmetry. True woody tissue is... | B: monocot. |
What element is essential for amino acid and nucleic acid production?
Here are the choices:
A. nitrogen
B. hydrogen
C. carbon
D. oxygen | A: nitrogen. | |
In plants and algae where does photosynthesis takes place in?
Here are the choices:
A. chloroplasts
B. cytoplasm
C. nucleus
D. cell wall | In plants and algae, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts. (Photosynthetic bacteria have other structures for this purpose. ) A chloroplast is a type of plastid, or plant organelle. It contains the green pigment known as chlorophyll . The presence of chloroplasts in plant cells is one of the major ways they diffe... | A: chloroplasts. |
What is crucial for the fermentation progress in making bread?
Here are the choices:
A. yeast
B. cold
C. fruit
D. larvae | Yeasts are crucial for the fermentation process that makes beer, wine, and bread. Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and allows the first step of cellular respiration, glycolysis, to continue. | A: yeast. |
What hormone does the endocrine system secrete to help cells absorb blood sugar?
Here are the choices:
A. testosterone
B. glucose
C. Cortisol
D. insulin | After you eat and digest a sugary snack, the level of sugar in your blood quickly rises. In response, the endocrine system secretes the hormone insulin. Insulin helps cells absorb sugar from the blood. This causes the level of sugar in the blood to fall back to its normal level. | D: insulin. |
What part of the sporophyte produces microspores that form male gametophytes and megaspores that form female gametophytes?
Here are the choices:
A. flower
B. chloroplasts
C. leaves
D. pollen | A: flower. | |
This calcification prevents diffusion of nutrients into the matrix, resulting in what dying and the opening up of cavities in the diaphysis cartilage?
Here are the choices:
A. nanoparticles
B. keratinocytes
C. chondrocytes
D. phytocytes | matrix and deposit calcium, which hardens the matrix. The non-mineralized portion of the bone or osteoid continues to form around blood vessels, forming spongy bone. Connective tissue in the matrix differentiates into red bone marrow in the fetus. The spongy bone is remodeled into a thin layer of compact bone on the su... | C: chondrocytes. |
What is the greek word meaning "to help make things easier"?
Here are the choices:
A. machine
B. battery
C. toy
D. mode | 9.5 Simple Machines Simple machines are devices that can be used to multiply or augment a force that we apply – often at the expense of a distance through which we apply the force. The word for “machine” comes from the Greek word meaning “to help make things easier. ” Levers, gears, pulleys, wedges, and screws are some... | A: machine. |
High levels of radiation can remove electrons from?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. acids
C. humans
D. metals | Nonliving things can also be damaged by radiation. For example, high levels of radiation can remove electrons from metals. This may weaken metals in nuclear power plants and space vehicles, both of which are exposed to very high levels of radiation. | D: metals. |
What is the only planet we know that has plate techtonics?
Here are the choices:
A. earth
B. Jupiter
C. Saturn
D. Mars | The Earth is divided into many plates. These plates move around on the surface. The plates collide or slide past each other. One may even plunge beneath another. Plate motions cause most geological activity. This activity includes earthquakes, volcanoes, and the buildup of mountains. The reason for plate movement is co... | A: earth. |
Variation in muscle cells gives further insight into some benefits of what type of respiration?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymatic
B. natural
C. aerobic
D. anaerobic | Variation in muscle cells gives further insight into some benefits of anaerobic respiration. In vertebrate muscles, lactic acid fermentation allows muscles to produce ATP quickly during short bursts of strenuous activity. Muscle cells specialized for this type of activity show differences in structure as well as chemis... | D: anaerobic. |
Violet and red are two types of what kind of light?
Here are the choices:
A. radioactive
B. infrared
C. visible
D. ultraviolet | Figure 8.12 The colors of visible light do not carry the same amount of energy. Violet has the shortest wavelength and therefore carries the most energy, whereas red has the longest wavelength and carries the least amount of energy. (credit: modification of work by NASA). | C: visible. |
The duodenum is a part of which part of the gi tract?
Here are the choices:
A. small intestine
B. ulna
C. pharynx
D. large intense | The duodenum is the first and shortest part of the small intestine. Most chemical digestion takes place here, and many digestive enzymes are active in the duodenum (see Table below ). Some are produced by the duodenum itself. Others are produced by the pancreas and secreted into the duodenum. | A: small intestine. |
A complete ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the dissolved ionic compounds are written as what?
Here are the choices:
A. separated ions
B. joined ions
C. realized ions
D. charged ions | When chemicals in solution react, the proper way of writing the chemical formulas of the dissolved ionic compounds is in terms of the dissociated ions, not the complete ionic formula. A complete ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the dissolved ionic compounds are written as separated ions. Solubility rules ... | A: separated ions. |
The barrier defenses are not a response to infections, but they are continuously working to protect against a broad range of what?
Here are the choices:
A. pathogens
B. mates
C. ecosystems
D. nutrients | environment of the body’s soft tissues. Barrier defenses are part of the body’s most basic defense mechanisms. The barrier defenses are not a response to infections, but they are continuously working to protect against a broad range of pathogens. The different modes of barrier defenses are associated with the external ... | A: pathogens. |
A minority of people on earth use up most of the planet's what, including energy?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. air
C. sand
D. resources | Of course not. A minority of people use most of the world’s energy and other resources. Not only are their needs met, but they have many luxuries. Many other people lack resources. Many don’t have enough to eat or live, with the threat of hunger. Many also do not have safe, clean water. Some people live in crowded, run... | D: resources. |
Groundwater dissolves minerals and carries the ions in a what?
Here are the choices:
A. jet stream
B. mixture
C. transition
D. solution | Groundwater dissolves minerals and carries the ions in solution. | D: solution. |
What is the area of our universe that isn't stars and galaxies called?
Here are the choices:
A. dark matter
B. galaxies
C. nebula
D. solar systems | We see many objects out in space that emit light. We see other objects that emit other types of electromagnetic radiation. The matter we can see is contained in stars. The stars are contained in galaxies. Scientists think that stars and galaxies make up only a small part of the matter in the Universe. The rest of the m... | A: dark matter. |
What neurotransmitter is associated with the fight-or-flight response?
Here are the choices:
A. bile
B. adrenaline
C. endorphins
D. stomach acid | Adrenaline, or epinephrine, is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. It increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, dilates air passages, and participates in the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system. Adrenaline is produced in the adrenal medulla of the adrenal gland. So how does it effect processe... | B: adrenaline. |
What do scientists think are the oldest eukaryotes?
Here are the choices:
A. arthropods
B. prokaryotes
C. fungi
D. protists | Scientists think that protists are the oldest eukaryotes. | D: protists. |
Geologists found that the youngest rocks on the seafloor were where?
Here are the choices:
A. late - ocean ridges
B. early - ocean ridges
C. mid - ocean ridges
D. seabed floor | Different seafloor magnetic stripes equal different ages. By using geologic dating techniques, scientists could figure out what these ages are. They found that the youngest rocks on the seafloor were at the mid-ocean ridges. The rocks get older with distance from the ridge crest. Scientists were surprised to find that ... | C: mid - ocean ridges. |
The stability of an ecosystem depends on the actions of what, exemplified by mushrooms on a decaying log and bacteria in soil?
Here are the choices:
A. fluxes
B. decomposers
C. aphids
D. whitefly | The stability of an ecosystem depends on the actions of the decomposers. Examples of decomposers include mushrooms on a decaying log. Bacteria in the soil are also decomposers. Imagine what would happen if there were no decomposers. Wastes and the remains of dead organisms would pile up and the nutrients within the was... | B: decomposers. |
Anabolic steroids, a form of the male sex hormone testosterone, are one of the most widely known performance-enhancing drugs. steroids are used to help build what?
Here are the choices:
A. brain tissue
B. nervous tissue
C. muscle mass
D. bone mass | Some athletes attempt to boost their performance by using artificial hormones that enhance muscle performance. Anabolic steroids, a form of the male sex hormone testosterone, are one of the most widely known performance-enhancing drugs. Steroids are used to help build muscle mass. Other hormones that are used to enhanc... | C: muscle mass. |
What is the only planet that is known to support life?
Here are the choices:
A. Mars
B. Saturn
C. Venus
D. earth | Mars is a lot like Earth. Mars is rocky and has an atmosphere. Mars even has water! But Mars (and Mercury, Venus, the Moon, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) does not have any evidence of life. Life is what makes Earth unique. It is also part of Earth's dynamic nature. Life is part of many Earth processes. Life is a... | D: earth. |
Where is food stored?
Here are the choices:
A. The esophagus
B. the stomach
C. The liver
D. The gall bladder | B: the stomach. | |
The vertebrae are divided into the cervical region, the thoracic region, and which other region?
Here are the choices:
A. central region
B. lumbar region
C. pelvic region
D. cylindrical region | 7.3 The Vertebral Column The vertebral column forms the neck and back. The vertebral column originally develops as 33 vertebrae, but is eventually reduced to 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx. The vertebrae are divided into the cervical region (C1–C7 vertebrae), the thoracic region (T1–T12 vertebrae), and the lu... | B: lumbar region. |
What was used to measure the distance between the earth and the moon?
Here are the choices:
A. telescope
B. yardstick
C. laser beam
D. ultrasound | The development of modern lasers has opened many doors to both research and applications. A laser beam was used to measure the distance from the Earth to the moon. Lasers are important components of CD players. As the image above illustrates, lasers can provide precise focusing of beams to selectively destroy cancer ce... | C: laser beam. |
Upon entering the vestibular canal, the pressure waves push down on what duct?
Here are the choices:
A. the implant
B. the cochlear
C. the bile
D. the regrowth | B: the cochlear. | |
Water is formed from oxygen and what other element?
Here are the choices:
A. calcium
B. lead
C. helium
D. hydrogen | When hydrogen gas is reacted with oxygen gas, water is formed as the product. | D: hydrogen. |
What is the period from earth's origin to the beginning of the phanerozoic eon?
Here are the choices:
A. Paleolithic
B. Cenozoic
C. anatolian
D. precambrian | For the first 4 billion years of Earth history there is only a little evidence of life. Organisms were tiny and soft and did not fossilize well. But scientists use a variety of ways to figure out what this early life was like. Note that the period from Earth's origin to the beginning of the Phanerozoic is called the Pr... | D: precambrian. |
In a displacement graph, the slope of the line is the average what?
Here are the choices:
A. velocity
B. direction
C. time
D. speed | Example 2.17 Determining Average Velocity from a Graph of Displacement versus Time: Jet Car Find the average velocity of the car whose position is graphed in Figure 2.47. Strategy The slope of a graph of x vs. t is average velocity, since slope equals rise over run. In this case, rise = change in displacement and run =... | A: velocity. |
What is the process by which producers use the energy in sunlight to make food?
Here are the choices:
A. glycolysis
B. Embryogenesis
C. photosynthesis
D. Leukemogenesis | By far the most common producers use the energy in sunlight to make food. This is called photosynthesis . Producers that photosynthesize include plants and algae. These organisms must live where there is plenty of sunlight. | C: photosynthesis. |
What is the term for something that limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process?
Here are the choices:
A. limiting factor
B. controlling factor
C. variable
D. stumbling block | In the predator-prey example, one factor limits the growth of the other factor. As the prey population deceases, the predator population is begins to decrease as well. The prey population is a limiting factor. A limiting factor limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process. | A: limiting factor. |
Where is glucose carried in the human body?
Here are the choices:
A. the blood
B. the heart
C. the brain
D. the liver | Chemical energy that organisms need comes from food. The nearly universal food for life is the sugar glucose. Glucose is a simple carbohydrate with the chemical formula C 6 H 12 O 6 . The glucose molecule stores chemical energy in a concentrated, stable form. In your body, glucose is the form of energy that is carried ... | A: the blood. |
What are large glaciers that cover a larger area than just a valley?
Here are the choices:
A. icebergs
B. glacial continents
C. ice floes
D. ice caps | Ice caps are large glaciers that cover a larger area than just a valley. An ice cap can bury an entire mountain range or region ( Figure below ). Glaciers come off of ice caps into valleys. | D: ice caps. |
What type of reproduction do fungi engage in?
Here are the choices:
A. microscopic
B. ephemeral
C. asexual
D. sexual | Through asexual reproduction , new organisms are produced that are genetically identical to the parent. That is, they have exactly the same DNA. Fungi reproduce asexually through three methods:. | C: asexual. |
What system transports minerals and water in a plant?
Here are the choices:
A. flowers
B. leaves
C. stamen
D. roots | Roots absorb water and minerals and transport them to stems. They also anchor and support a plant, and store food. A root system consists of primary and secondary roots. Each root is made of dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem. | D: roots. |
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