questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What is the process by which a liquid changes to a solid?
Here are the choices:
A. freezing
B. melting
C. boiling
D. vaporizing | The process in which a liquid changes to a solid is called freezing . The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid is its freezing point. The freezing point of water is 0°C (32°F). Other types of matter may have higher or lower freezing points. For example, the freezing point of iron is 1535°C. The freezing poi... | A: freezing. |
How are electrons shared in covalent bonds?
Here are the choices:
A. equally
B. randomly
C. orderly
D. unequally | In other covalent bonds, electrons are shared equally. These bonds are called nonpolar covalent bonds. Neither atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly. As a result, the atoms remain neutral in charge. The oxygen (O 2 ) molecule in the Figure below has two nonpolar bonds. The two oxygen nuclei have an equal for... | A: equally. |
What is the most electron-pair bonds a nitrogen atom can participate in?
Here are the choices:
A. three
B. five
C. seven
D. four | Reactions and Compounds of Nitrogen Like carbon, nitrogen has four valence orbitals (one 2s and three 2p), so it can participate in at most four electron-pair bonds by using sp3 hybrid orbitals. Unlike carbon, however, nitrogen does not form long chains because of repulsive interactions between lone pairs of electrons ... | D: four. |
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are located near the base of this organ?
Here are the choices:
A. the liver
B. the heart
C. the lungs
D. the brain | The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are located close together at the base of the brain. | D: the brain. |
What is the most common type of cancer in adult males?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach
B. prostate
C. lung
D. leukemia | The most common type of cancer in adult males is cancer of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system. About one third of all cancers in men are prostate cancers. | B: prostate. |
Distance traveled divided by time is equal to what?
Here are the choices:
A. speed
B. direction
C. momentum
D. frequency | Average speed is calculated by dividing the total distance travelled by the time interval. For example, someone who takes 40 minutes to drive 20 miles north and then 20 miles south (to end up at the same place), has an average speed of 40 miles divided by 40 minutes, or 1 mile per minute (60 mph). Average velocity, how... | A: speed. |
What are people called that choose to study science?
Here are the choices:
A. doctors
B. lab technicians
C. scientists
D. engineers | Scientists are regular people who chose to study science. They are experts in done or more fields of science. | C: scientists. |
What is the main cause of outdoor air pollution?
Here are the choices:
A. aerosol spray
B. burning of fossil fuels
C. chimneys
D. methane from livestock | The main cause of outdoor air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels. Outdoor air pollution causes human health problems, acid rain, and global climate change. | B: burning of fossil fuels. |
What is the term for organisms that can maintain a stable body temperature even in the face of large fluctuations in the environmental temperature?
Here are the choices:
A. endotherms
B. pachyderm
C. ectotherms
D. homeotherm | A: endotherms. | |
What is the term for learning by watching and copying the behavior of someone else?
Here are the choices:
A. associative learning
B. observational learning
C. consequential learning
D. classical conditioning | Observational learning is learning by watching and copying the behavior of someone else. Human children learn many behaviors this way. When you were a young child, you may have learned how to tie your shoes by watching your dad tie his shoes. More recently, you may have learned how to dance by watching a pop star danci... | B: observational learning. |
What do we call scientists who study and forecast the weather?
Here are the choices:
A. Climate predictors
B. forecasters
C. TV hosts
D. meteorologists | Did you ever have a picnic ruined by a surprise rainstorm? People often complain when the weather forecast is wrong. But in fact, weather forecasts today are much more accurate than they were just 20 years ago. Scientists who study and forecast the weather are called meteorologists . How do they predict the weather?. | D: meteorologists. |
What are atoms called when they have the same number of negative electrons as positive protons in an electrical charge?
Here are the choices:
A. positive
B. neutral
C. static
D. negative | Atoms are neutral in electrical charge because they have the same number of negative electrons as positive protons. Therefore, the atomic number of an atom also tells you how many electrons the atom has. This, in turn, determines many of the atom’s properties. | B: neutral. |
Neon, krypton and argon are examples of what kind of gases, which produce light by electroluminescence?
Here are the choices:
A. irradiation gases
B. ionic gases
C. halogen gases
D. radiation gases | A neon light produces visible light by electroluminescence. In this process, neon or some other gas gives off light when an electric current passes through it. Other halogen gases besides neon—including krypton and argon—also produce light in this way. The word “OPEN” in the sign below is a neon light. It is a long gla... | C: halogen gases. |
What might arthropods use as legs for walking?
Here are the choices:
A. jointed appendages
B. flagella
C. cloven hooves
D. antennae | The jointed appendages of arthropods may be used as legs for walking. Being jointed makes them more flexible. Try walking or climbing stairs without bending your knees, and you’ll see why joints are helpful. In most arthropods, the appendages on the head have been modified for other functions. Figure below shows some o... | A: jointed appendages. |
What kind of bonds, where electrons are transferred rather than shared, are considered the ultimate in polarity?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic bonds
B. soluble bonds
C. covalent bonds
D. magnetic bonds | polar, while others are strongly polar. Ionic bonds can be considered the ultimate in polarity, with electrons being transferred rather than shared. To judge the relative polarity of a covalent bond, chemists use electronegativity, which is a relative measure of how strongly an atom attracts electrons when it forms a c... | A: ionic bonds. |
What happens when chemical bonds in a burning log break?
Here are the choices:
A. hold heat
B. decrease heat
C. release heat
D. remove heat | Energy is a measure of the amount of or potential for movement in something. The total amount of energy in the universe is always the same. This symmetry is called a conservation law. Conservation of energy is one of five conservation laws that govern our universe. A group of things (we’ll use the word system ) has a c... | C: release heat. |
When what common element forms single bonds with other atoms, the shape is tetrahedral, and when its atoms form a double bond, the shape is planar?
Here are the choices:
A. silicon
B. oxygen
C. hydrogen
D. carbon | Figure 2.22 When carbon forms single bonds with other atoms, the shape is tetrahedral. When two carbon atoms form a double bond, the shape is planar, or flat. Single bonds, like those found in ethane, are able to rotate. Double bonds, like those found in ethene cannot rotate, so the atoms on either side are locked in p... | D: carbon. |
What objects are made from highly reflective metal that is applied to a curved or flat piece of glass?
Here are the choices:
A. mirrors
B. machines
C. frames
D. vases | Mirrors are made from highly reflective metal that is applied to a curved or flat piece of glass. Converging mirrors can be used to focus light – headlights, telescopes, satellite TV receivers, and solar cookers all rely on this principle. Like lenses, mirrors can create images. | A: mirrors. |
Fractures, osteoarthritis, and rickets are problems of which body system?
Here are the choices:
A. skeletal system
B. circulatory system
C. cardiovascular system
D. digestive system | Skeletal system problems include fractures, osteoarthritis, and rickets. | A: skeletal system. |
The structure of a neuron allows it to rapidly transmit nerve impulses to other what?
Here are the choices:
A. limbs
B. proteins
C. cells
D. muscles | The structure of a neuron allows it to rapidly transmit nerve impulses to other cells. | C: cells. |
Earthquakes have both longitudinal and transverse components, and these travel at what?
Here are the choices:
A. the speed of sound
B. identical speeds
C. different speeds
D. the speed of light | Earthquakes, essentially sound waves in Earth’s crust, are an interesting example of how the speed of sound depends on the rigidity of the medium. Earthquakes have both longitudinal and transverse components, and these travel at different speeds. The bulk modulus of granite is greater than its shear modulus. For that r... | C: different speeds. |
What do we call the theory of electromagnetism on the particle scale?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity electrodynamics
B. light electrodynamics
C. quantum electrodynamics
D. iron electrodynamics | 33.2 The Four Basic Forces • The four basic forces and their carrier particles are summarized in the Table 33.1. • Feynman diagrams are graphs of time versus position and are highly useful pictorial representations of particle processes. • The theory of electromagnetism on the particle scale is called quantum electrody... | C: quantum electrodynamics. |
What part of the continuous dermal tissue system covers stems?
Here are the choices:
A. dermis
B. callus
C. cuticle
D. epidermis | D: epidermis. | |
What may be the ancestor of placental mammals?
Here are the choices:
A. spirogyra
B. amphibians
C. fungi
D. eomaia | The earliest placental mammals may have evolved about 110 million years ago. The ancestor of placental mammals may be the extinct genus Eomaia . Fossils of Eomaia have been found in what is now China. It was only about 10 centimeters (4 inches) long. It was a tree climber and probably ate insects and worms. Eomaia had ... | D: eomaia. |
What are the two methods of logical thinking?
Here are the choices:
A. inductive and dynamical
B. inductive and deductive
C. Observation and result
D. cathartic and deductive | Two approaches to logical thinking developed over the centuries. These two methods are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning . Inductive reasoning involves getting a collection of specific examples and drawing a general conclusion from them. Deductive reasoning takes a general principle and then draws a specific ... | B: inductive and deductive. |
What is the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature?
Here are the choices:
A. viscosity
B. humidity
C. permeability
D. solubility | Solubility is the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature. In a solution, the solute is the substance that dissolves, and the solvent is the substance that does the dissolving. For a given solvent, some solutes have greater solubility than others. For example, sugar is muc... | D: solubility. |
What should a pregnant woman avoid while pregnant?
Here are the choices:
A. vitamins
B. toxic substances
C. rest and relaxation
D. healthy food | The pregnant mother plays a critical role in the development of the embryo and fetus. She must avoid toxic substances such as alcohol, which can damage the developing offspring. She must also provide all the nutrients and other substances needed for normal growth and development. Most nutrients are needed in greater am... | B: toxic substances. |
Quantities have two parts: the number (how many) and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. the motion
B. the credit
C. the member
D. he unit | Quantities have two parts: the number and the unit. The number tells “how many. ” It is important to be able to express numbers properly so that the quantities can be communicated properly. Standard notation is the straightforward expression of a number. Numbers such as 17, 101.5, and 0.00446 are expressed in standard ... | D: he unit. |
What organ provides the integrative power that underlies the complex behavior of vertebrates?
Here are the choices:
A. the heart
B. the skin
C. the liver
D. the brain | D: the brain. | |
What is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution?
Here are the choices:
A. neutral selection
B. genetic drift
C. artificial selection
D. natural selection | 23.4 Natural selection is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution. | D: natural selection. |
What are four children born at one birth called?
Here are the choices:
A. twins
B. kittens
C. triplets
D. quadruplets | QUADruplets are four children born at one birth. | D: quadruplets. |
What does liquid change to due to vaporization?
Here are the choices:
A. oil
B. plasma
C. gas
D. solid | Vaporization is the process in which a liquid boils and changes to a gas. | C: gas. |
Converging plates can be oceanic, continental, or one of each. if at least one is oceanic, it will subduct. a subducting plate creates what?
Here are the choices:
A. fires
B. earthquakes
C. volcanoes
D. wind | Converging plates can be oceanic, continental, or one of each. If at least one is oceanic, it will subduct. A subducting plate creates volcanoes. Many of the world's volcanoes are the result of subduction at a convergent plate boundary. A map of the world's active volcanoes is pictured below ( Figure below ). | C: volcanoes. |
Reptiles can be found on every continent except which one?
Here are the choices:
A. south america
B. africa
C. antarctica
D. australia | Reptiles can be found on every continent except Antarctica. | C: antarctica. |
For photosynthesis to begin, the inputs required are sunlight, water, and what?
Here are the choices:
A. sulfur dioxide
B. carbon dioxide
C. phosphorus dioxide
D. methane | Recall that the only required ingredients needed for photosynthesis are sunlight, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and water (H 2 O). From these simple inorganic ingredients, photosynthetic organisms produce the carbohydrate glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), and other complex organic compounds. Essentially, these producers are changing ... | B: carbon dioxide. |
When a stalactite and stalagmite join together, they form a what?
Here are the choices:
A. joint
B. cave
C. ladder
D. column | If a stalactite and stalagmite join together, they form a column . One of the wonders of visiting a cave is to witness the beauty of these amazing and strangely captivating structures. | D: column. |
What color does red litmus paper turn in the presence of a base?
Here are the choices:
A. purple
B. white
C. green
D. blue | Like strong acids, strong bases can be harmful to organisms and damaging to materials. Bases have a bitter taste and feel slimy to the touch. They can also burn the skin. Bases, like acids, can be identified with litmus paper. Bases turn red litmus paper blue. | D: blue. |
What is the term for the hard, round object produced within the mantle of a living shelled mollusk?
Here are the choices:
A. pearl
B. root
C. ball
D. glass | Two natural products of mollusks used for decorations and jewelry are pearls and nacre. A pearl is the hard, round object produced within the mantle of a living shelled mollusk. Pearls are produced by many bivalves when a tiny particle of sand or grit is trapped between the mantle and the shell. It's as if the mollusk ... | A: pearl. |
What is the term for animal-like protists that are usually single-celled?
Here are the choices:
A. eukaryotes
B. protozoa
C. vertebrates
D. larvae | Animal-like protists are called protozoa. Most consist a single cell. | B: protozoa. |
The cell membrane consists of two adjacent layers of what?
Here are the choices:
A. phospholipids
B. eukaryotes
C. lecithin
D. membranes | The cell membrane consists of two adjacent layers of phospholipids. The lipid tails of one layer face the lipid tails of the other layer, meeting at the interface of the two layers. The phospholipid heads face outward, one layer exposed to the interior of the cell and one layer exposed to the exterior (Figure 3.3). Bec... | A: phospholipids. |
Echinoderms have a unique system for gas exchange, nutrient circulation, and locomotion called the water vascular system. the system consists of a central ring canal and radial canals extending along each arm. water circulates through these structures allowing for gas, nutrient, and this?
Here are the choices:
A. waste... | Physiological Processes of Echinoderms Echinoderms have a unique system for gas exchange, nutrient circulation, and locomotion called the water vascular system. The system consists of a central ring canal and radial canals extending along each arm. Water circulates through these structures allowing for gas, nutrient, a... | A: waste exchange. |
What group includes the simplest eukaryotes, including most single-celled eukaryotes?
Here are the choices:
A. protists
B. arthropods
C. fungi
D. bivalves | Most single-celled eukaryotes are protists. Protists are the simplest eukaryotes. | A: protists. |
Tropical rainforest, chaparral, and taiga are what kind of biomes?
Here are the choices:
A. endangered
B. terrestrial
C. arboreal
D. freshwater | Terrestrial biomes include the tropical rainforest, chaparral, and taiga. | B: terrestrial. |
One of the most advanced uses of what in medicine is the positron emission tomography scanner, which detects the activity in the body of a very small injection of radioactive glucose?
Here are the choices:
A. radioisotopes
B. membranes
C. quarks
D. radionuclides | Interventional Radiologist The controlled use of radioisotopes has advanced medical diagnosis and treatment of disease. Interventional radiologists are physicians who treat disease by using minimally invasive techniques involving radiation. Many conditions that could once only be treated with a lengthy and traumatic op... | A: radioisotopes. |
What type of disease is muscular dystrophy?
Here are the choices:
A. infectious disease
B. a wasting disease
C. mutation
D. contagious disease | Muscular dystrophy is a term encompassing a variety of muscle wasting diseases. The most common type, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) , affects cardiac and skeletal muscle, as well as some mental functions. DMD is caused by a defective gene for dystrophin, a protein prevalent in skeletal and cardiac muscles. DMD is a... | B: a wasting disease. |
How many types of tissue are found in animals?
Here are the choices:
A. six
B. three
C. four
D. Ten | Muscle tissue is one of the four types of tissue found in animals. There are three different types of muscle in the body ( Figure below ):. | C: four. |
The sequence of bases in a gene translates to the sequence of what protein components?
Here are the choices:
A. amino acids
B. molecular acids
C. protein acids
D. rna acids | 3.4 | Protein Synthesis By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain how the genetic code stored within DNA determines the protein that will form • Describe the process of transcription • Describe the process of translation • Discuss the function of ribosomes It was mentioned earlier that DNA provides a “... | A: amino acids. |
Two or more what may bond with each other to form a molecule?
Here are the choices:
A. quarks
B. atoms
C. clouds
D. particles | Figure 2.9 Two or more atoms may bond with each other to form a molecule. When two hydrogens and an oxygen share electrons via covalent bonds, a water molecule is formed. | B: atoms. |
Like animals, protozoa are heterotrophic and capable of what?
Here are the choices:
A. pushing
B. moving
C. creating
D. working | Like animals, protozoa are heterotrophic and capable of moving. | B: moving. |
What term is used to describe a solute that is water fearing?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogenic
B. hydrophobic
C. anti-hydral
D. claustrophobic | London interactions c. London dispersion forces Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Solutes A solute can be classified as hydrophilic (literally, “water loving”), meaning that it has an electrostatic attraction to water, or hydrophobic (“water fearing”), meaning that it repels water. A hydrophilic substance is polar and often ... | B: hydrophobic. |
What is the term for animals that cannot raise their body temperature on their own?
Here are the choices:
A. ectothermic
B. warm-blooded
C. catabolic
D. endothermic | They are ectothermic , meaning their temperature depends on the temperature of their environment. Ectothermic animals are cold-blooded in that they cannot raise their body temperature on their own. This is unlike humans, whose temperature is controlled from inside the body. | A: ectothermic. |
Kidney stones can form anywhere in what system?
Here are the choices:
A. digestive
B. urinary
C. intestinal
D. respiratory | A kidney stone. The stones can form anywhere in the urinary system. | B: urinary. |
What organ participates in all digestive activities except ingestion and defecation?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach
B. large intestine
C. small intestine
D. tongue | 23.4 The Stomach The stomach participates in all digestive activities except ingestion and defecation. It vigorously churns food. It secretes gastric juices that break down food and absorbs certain drugs, including aspirin and some alcohol. The stomach begins the digestion of protein and continues the digestion of carb... | A: stomach. |
What is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of the elements in the substance, each multiplied by its subscript (written or implied) in the molecular formula?
Here are the choices:
A. mass effect
B. molecular mass
C. magnetic mass
D. fractional mass | Molecular and Formula Masses The molecular mass of a substance is the sum of the average masses of the atoms in one molecule of a substance. It is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of the elements in the substance, each multiplied by its subscript (written or implied) in the molecular formula. Because the... | B: molecular mass. |
What term describes precipitation that flows over the surface of the land?
Here are the choices:
A. runoff
B. erosion
C. waves
D. flood | Runoff is precipitation that flows over the surface of the land. This water may travel to a river, lake, or ocean. Runoff may pick up fertilizer and other pollutants and deliver them to a water body. In this way, runoff may pollute bodies of water. | A: runoff. |
At what point is water on the ph scale?
Here are the choices:
A. 3, acidic
B. 14, basic
C. neutrality, 7
D. 0, very acidic | The light from a laser is monochromatic, coherent, and very intense. | C: neutrality, 7. |
Would you find cells that contain a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and plastids in plant or animal cells?
Here are the choices:
A. tube cells
B. plant cells
C. animal cells
D. heart cells | Most organelles are common to both animal and plant cells. However, plant cells also have features that animal cells do not have: a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and plastids such as chloroplasts. | B: plant cells. |
What system includes lymph organs, lymph vessels, lymph, and lymph nodes?
Here are the choices:
A. digestion
B. immature
C. immune
D. nervous | The immune system includes lymph organs, lymph vessels, lymph, and lymph nodes. | C: immune. |
What causes acid rain?
Here are the choices:
A. heavy pollution
B. carbon dioxide
C. air pollution
D. chemicals in waterways | Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming. | C: air pollution. |
What helps ensure that, at least, some species will survive environmental change?
Here are the choices:
A. spontaneous mutation
B. biodiversity
C. ecosystem
D. reproduction | Biodiversity generally increases the productivity and stability of ecosystems. It helps ensure that at least some species will survive environmental change. It also provides many other ecosystem services. For example:. | B: biodiversity. |
The airway and the lungs are part of what organ system?
Here are the choices:
A. pulmonary
B. digestive
C. respiratory
D. coronary | 31 Respiratory system In humans and other animals, for example, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include airways, lungs, and the respiratory muscles. Other animals, such as insects, have respiratory systems with very simple anatomical features, and in amphibians even the skin plays a vital role in gas ... | C: respiratory. |
Air quality is a measure of what in the air?
Here are the choices:
A. pollutants
B. nitrogen
C. oxygen
D. precipitation | Air quality is a measure of the pollutants in air. Poor air quality started to become a serious problem during the Industrial Revolution. After 1900, motor vehicles added greatly to the problem. The Clean Air Act of 1970 improved the quality of the air over the U. S. | A: pollutants. |
Which factor often changes a protein from an inactive form to an active form?
Here are the choices:
A. nitrogen groups addition
B. phosphate groups addition
C. oxygen groups addition
D. lipid groups addition | B: phosphate groups addition. | |
After the film is developed, any unexposed silver bromide must be removed by a process called what?
Here are the choices:
A. washing
B. fixing
C. sweeping
D. watering | After the film is developed, any unexposed silver bromide must be removed by a process called “fixing”; otherwise, the entire film would turn black with additional exposure to light. Although silver bromide is insoluble in water, it is soluble in a dilute solution of sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3; photographer’s hypo) be... | B: fixing. |
What force provides resistance whenever two surfaces are in contact?
Here are the choices:
A. tension
B. rotation
C. friction
D. vibration | C: friction. | |
What cycle is frequency measured in per second?
Here are the choices:
A. decibel
B. Krebs
C. hertz
D. watt | The frequency, is the number of cycles an object goes through in second. Frequency is measured in Hertz . cycle per sec. | C: hertz. |
What are the two types of cells?
Here are the choices:
A. animal and bacteria
B. prokaryotes and eukaryotes
C. mammal and plant
D. bacteria and eukaryotes | There are two cell types: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are usually single-celled and smaller than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are usually found in multicellular organisms, but there are some single-celled eukaryotes. | B: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. |
In science, what do you call something that always applies under the same conditions?
Here are the choices:
A. scientific method
B. scientific law
C. hypothesis
D. theory | Many people think that any idea that is completely accepted in science is a law. But that is not true. In science, a law is something that always applies under the same conditions. A law explains a fairly simple phenomenon. A theory is much more complex: it tells you why something happens. A law only tells you that it ... | B: scientific law. |
The pine tree is the sporophyte; its sporangia are located on scalelike structures packed densely where?
Here are the choices:
A. in cones
B. in the limb tips
C. in the bark
D. in the needles | A: in cones. | |
Prokaryotic cells grow to a certain size and then they divide by which process?
Here are the choices:
A. binary fusion
B. binary fission
C. linear fission
D. budding | Prokaryotic cells grow to a certain size. Then they divide by binary fission. This is a type of asexual reproduction. | B: binary fission. |
What can increase the occurance of earthquakes?
Here are the choices:
A. three plates sliding
B. two plates sliding
C. plates rupturing
D. plates breaking | B: two plates sliding. | |
What term is used to describe organelles that are found only in animal cells?
Here are the choices:
A. anticlines
B. centrioles
C. fibrils
D. acids | Centrioles are organelles that are found only in animal cells. They are located near the nucleus. They help organize the DNA in the nucleus before cell division takes place. They ensure that the DNA divides correctly when the cell divides. | B: centrioles. |
What is located at the center of our solar system?
Here are the choices:
A. a black hole
B. the earth
C. the sun
D. the moon | C: the sun. | |
What is the leading cause of death worldwide?
Here are the choices:
A. coronary artery disease
B. liver failure
C. cancer
D. lung disease | Heart: Coronary Artery Disease Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. It occurs when the buildup of plaque—a fatty material including cholesterol, connective tissue, white blood cells, and some smooth muscle cells—within the walls of the arteries obstructs the flow of blood and decreases the f... | A: coronary artery disease. |
Changes in the color of the statue of liberty owe to oxidation-reduction reactions, or what simpler term?
Here are the choices:
A. corrosion
B. oxygen
C. copper
D. immersion | Chemistry in Everyday Life Statue of Liberty: Changing Colors The Statue of Liberty is a landmark every American recognizes. The Statue of Liberty is easily identified by its height, stance, and unique blue-green color (Figure 17.16). When this statue was first delivered from France, its appearance was not green. It wa... | A: corrosion. |
What is the top layer of water farther from shore called?
Here are the choices:
A. Beach Zone
B. limnetic zone
C. Tidal Zone
D. semimetal zone | The top layer of water farther from shore is called the limnetic zone. There is enough light for photosynthesis and plenty of dissolved oxygen. However, dissolved nutrients tend not to be as plentiful as they are in the littoral zone. Producers here are mainly phytoplankton. A variety of zooplankton and fish also occup... | B: limnetic zone. |
Flatworms reproduce sexually. in most species, the same individuals produce both what?
Here are the choices:
A. gametes
B. eggs and sperm
C. heart and sperm
D. diploid and haploid | Flatworms reproduce sexually. In most species, the same individuals produce both eggs and sperm. After fertilization occurs, the fertilized eggs pass out of the adult’s body and hatch into larvae. There may be several different larval stages. The final larval stage develops into the adult form, and the life cycle repea... | B: eggs and sperm. |
The cytoplasm is all the contents of the cell inside the cell membrane, with the exception of what?
Here are the choices:
A. nucleus
B. molecules
C. vacuole
D. lysosome | Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures in common. All cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA. The plasma membrane , or cell membrane, is the phospholipid layer that surrounds the cell and protects it from the outside environment. Ribosomes are the non-membrane bound organelles where ... | A: nucleus. |
What is the study of forces in equilibrium?
Here are the choices:
A. law of inertia
B. law of conservation
C. statics
D. genomics | • Statics is the study of forces in equilibrium. • Two conditions must be met to achieve equilibrium, which is defined to be motion without linear or rotational acceleration. • The first condition necessary to achieve equilibrium is that the net external force on the system must be zero, so that net F = 0 . | C: statics. |
What body joint incurs the most common overuse injury among runners and other athletes?
Here are the choices:
A. arm
B. heel
C. ankle
D. knee | Runner’s Knee Runner’s knee, also known as patellofemoral syndrome, is the most common overuse injury among runners. It is most frequent in adolescents and young adults, and is more common in females. It often results from excessive running, particularly downhill, but may also occur in athletes who do a lot of knee ben... | D: knee. |
Who is called the father of genetics?
Here are the choices:
A. raphael
B. Vincent van Gogh
C. mendel
D. Nostradamus | People have long known that the characteristics of living things are similar in parents and their offspring. Whether it’s the flower color in pea plants or nose shape in people, it is obvious that offspring resemble their parents. However, it wasn’t until the experiments of Gregor Mendel that scientists understood how ... | C: mendel. |
Each endocrine hormone affects only certain "target" cells, which have molecules of what on the surface that enable binding of a given hormone?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. protein
C. gas
D. rna | Each endocrine hormone affects only certain cells, called target cells. A target cell has proteins on its surface to which a given hormone can bind. Most endocrine hormones are controlled by negative feedback loops. Negative feedback occurs when low levels of a hormone feed back to increase its secretion—and vice versa... | B: protein. |
What do we call the scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation?
Here are the choices:
A. geneology
B. genetics
C. biology
D. chemistry | B: genetics. | |
What do you call any substance in food that the body needs?
Here are the choices:
A. beneficial
B. a nutrient
C. dietary
D. antioxidant | There are a variety of substances in foods that the body needs. Any substance in food that the body needs is called a nutrient. There are six major types of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water, minerals, and vitamins. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids can be used for energy. Proteins also provide buildi... | B: a nutrient. |
What type of waves start when a source of energy causes a disturbance in the medium?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetic waves
B. fluid waves
C. mechanical waves
D. mechanical currents | Mechanical waves are waves that transfer energy through matter, called the medium. Mechanical waves start when a source of energy causes a disturbance in the medium. Types of mechanical waves include transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves. | C: mechanical waves. |
What term describes the process where organisms convert atmospheric nitrogen into biologically useful chemicals?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon cycle
B. nitrogen fixation
C. cellular respiration
D. photosynthesis | Most pure nitrogen comes from the fractional distillation of liquid air. The atmosphere consists of 78% nitrogen by volume. This means there are more than 20 million tons of nitrogen over every square mile of the earth’s surface. Nitrogen is a component of proteins and of the genetic material (DNA/RNA) of all plants an... | B: nitrogen fixation. |
As per the kinetic-molecular theory, in what direction do the molecules and ions of liquids move?
Here are the choices:
A. same direction
B. alter directions
C. random directions
D. opposite direction | We discussed earlier some basic principles about the behavior of gases called the kinetic-molecular theory. Among other things, this theory suggests that gas molecules are in constant motion, and the average speed of the individual gas particles is dependent upon temperature – the higher the temperature, the faster the... | C: random directions. |
Cephalization refers to the development of what anatomical region, which evolved at the same time as bilateral symmetry in animals?
Here are the choices:
A. chest
B. tail
C. heart
D. head | Example Problem: The density of steel is 9000. kg/m 3 and the density of water is 1000. kg/m 3 . If a cube of steel that is 0.100 m on each side is placed in a tank of water and weighed while under water, what is the apparent weight of the cube?. | D: head. |
What term describes a region of space around an atom that has a non-zero probability for an electron with a particular energy?
Here are the choices:
A. orbital lobe
B. minimal orbital
C. related orbital
D. atomic orbital | An atomic orbital is a region of space around an atom that has a non-zero probability for an electron with a particular energy. Analogously, a molecular orbital is a region of space in a molecule that has a non-zero probability for an electron with a particular energy. Both an atomic orbital and a molecular orbital can... | D: atomic orbital. |
How do the male gorillas show display behaviors?
Here are the choices:
A. vocalization
B. food gathering
C. showing aggression
D. spontaneous mutation | In many species display behaviors, rather than actual physical attacks, are used to show aggression. This helps prevent injury and death. Male gorillas, for example, are more likely to put on a display of aggression than to attack another male. In fact, gorillas have a whole series of display behaviors that they use to... | C: showing aggression. |
A genetic molecule is called dna, which stands for this?
Here are the choices:
A. dense ribonucleic acid
B. di-nitrous ammonia
C. deoxyribonucleic acid
D. dark nitrogen amine | How Sciences Interconnect DNA in Forensics and Paternity The genetic material for all living things is a polymer of four different molecules, which are themselves a combination of three subunits. The genetic information, the code for developing an organism, is contained in the specific sequence of the four molecules, s... | C: deoxyribonucleic acid. |
Is sleep an active or inactive state in the brain?
Here are the choices:
A. intense
B. inactive
C. different
D. active | D: active. | |
What is is a measurement of the force amplification of a machine?
Here are the choices:
A. force multiplier
B. mechanical pull
C. mechanical push
D. mechanical advantage | We use simple machines because they give us a mechanical advantage . Mechanical advantage is a measurement of the force amplification of a machine. In ideal machines, where there is no friction and the input work and output work are the same,. | D: mechanical advantage. |
What branch of science is the study of the solid earth?
Here are the choices:
A. biology
B. palentology
C. ecology
D. geology | Geology is the study of the solid Earth. Geologists study how rocks and minerals form. The way mountains rise up is part of geology. The way mountains erode away is another part. Geologists also study fossils and Earth’s history. There are many other branches of geology. There is so much to know about our home planet t... | D: geology. |
What is harmless water vapor, for a powerplant?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma
B. steam
C. wind
D. fog | Steam rises from the cooling towers of this nuclear power plant. The steam is only harmless water vapor. Unlike a power plant that burns fossil fuel, a nuclear power plant doesn’t release pollution into the air. That’s because a nuclear power plant produces power by nuclear fission, a type of nuclear reaction. | B: steam. |
What regulates the passage of blood into capillary beds?
Here are the choices:
A. diocesan sphincters
B. precapillary sphincters
C. cell membrane
D. bicellular sphincters | B: precapillary sphincters. | |
What do you call the symbiotic relationship where a parasite benefits while the host is harmed?
Here are the choices:
A. parasitism
B. invasion
C. hostism
D. symbolic damage | Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which the parasitic species benefits while the host species is harmed. | A: parasitism. |
What length of time is human gestation commonly divided into?
Here are the choices:
A. three trimesters
B. four quarters
C. fifty weeks
D. two halves | A: three trimesters. | |
What substance, involved in most biochemical reactions, is essential to life?
Here are the choices:
A. nitrogen
B. air
C. water
D. carbon | Water is involved in most biochemical reactions. Therefore, water is essential to life. | C: water. |
What type of tissue covers the outside of a plant?
Here are the choices:
A. porous
B. epidermal
C. anterior
D. dermal | Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant in a single layer of cells called the epidermis. It mediates most of the interactions between a plant and its environment. | D: dermal. |
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