questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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If you were to filter out all the cells in blood, you would be left with what golden-yellow liquid?
Here are the choices:
A. pus
B. platelets
C. hemoglobin
D. plasma | If you were to filter out all the cells in blood, a golden-yellow liquid would be left behind. Plasma is this fluid part of the blood. Plasma is about 90% water and about 10% dissolved proteins, glucose, ions, hormones, and gases. Blood is made up mostly of plasma. | D: plasma. |
The simplest organic compounds have hydrogen and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. nitrogen
B. carbon
C. sodium
D. oxygen | The simplest organic compounds are those composed of only two elements: carbon and hydrogen. These compounds are called hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons themselves are separated into two types: aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons based on chains of C atoms. There are thre... | B: carbon. |
Temperature and what other environmental factor are important in the activity of an enzyme?
Here are the choices:
A. shape
B. size
C. color
D. ph level | D: ph level. | |
What glands are wedges of glandular and neuroendocrine tissue adhering to the top of the kidneys by a fibrous capsule?
Here are the choices:
A. heart glands
B. adrenal glands
C. fatty glands
D. nutrients glands | 17.6 | The Adrenal Glands By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the location and structure of the adrenal glands • Identify the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla, and summarize their target cells and effects The adrenal glands are wedges of glandular and neuroendocrine ti... | B: adrenal glands. |
What is the force that pulls downward on an object and is measured by weight?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity
B. light
C. strength
D. work | Weight measures the force of gravity pulling downward on an object. The SI unit for weight, like other forces, is the Newton (N). On Earth, a mass of 1 kilogram has a weight of about 10 Newtons because of the pull of Earth’s gravity. On the moon, which has less gravity, the same mass would weigh less. Weight is measure... | A: gravity. |
Which reproduction produces offspring genetically identical to the one parent?
Here are the choices:
A. bsexual
B. asexual
C. sexual
D. microscopic | That is the main difference between sexual and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction just means combining genetic material from two parents. Asexual reproduction produces offspring genetically identical to the one parent. | B: asexual. |
Water in its solid state is commonly known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. ice
B. glass
C. carbon dioxide
D. sea | During the water cycle, water occurs in three different states: gas (water vapor), liquid (water), and solid (ice). Many processes are involved as water changes state in the water cycle. | A: ice. |
Besides the concentration of dissolve oxygen and nutrients in the water, what other factor limits aquatic organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. rainfall
B. temperature
C. availability of sunlight
D. lake size | Most aquatic organisms do not have to deal with extremes of temperature or moisture. Instead, their main limiting factors are the availability of sunlight and the concentration of dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the water. | C: availability of sunlight. |
Which type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by?
Here are the choices:
A. partial
B. temporary
C. none
D. permenant | Ribosomes are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Ribosomes are not surrounded by a membrane. The other organelles found in eukaryotic cells are surrounded by a membrane. | C: none. |
Which scientist was responsible for the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Here are the choices:
A. albert einstein
B. galileo Galilei
C. charles darwin
D. stephen hawking | Linnaeus classified organisms based on obvious physical traits. Basically, organisms were grouped together if they looked alike. After Darwin published his theory of evolution in the 1800s (discussed in the following chapter), scientists looked for a way to classify organisms that showed phylogeny. Phylogeny is the evo... | C: charles darwin. |
Soft cartilage gradually turns into hard bone through what process?
Here are the choices:
A. oxidation
B. calcification
C. elongation
D. ossification | Early in the development of a human fetus, the skeleton is made entirely of cartilage . The relatively soft cartilage gradually turns into hard bone through ossification . This is a process in which mineral deposits replace cartilage. As shown in Figure below , ossification of long bones, which are found in the arms an... | D: ossification. |
Glycerol is a triol, an alcohol which contains three what?
Here are the choices:
A. hydroxl acidic groups
B. hydroxl functional groups
C. stark functional groups
D. cytoplasm functional groups | Glycerol is a triol, an alcohol which contains three hydroxyl functional groups. A fatty acid is a long carbon chain, generally from 12 to 24 carbons in length, with an attached carboxyl group. Each of the three fatty acid molecules undergoes an esterification with one of the hydroxyl groups of the glycerol molecule. T... | B: hydroxl functional groups. |
The parts of the ears involved in balance are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. symmetrical canals
B. semicircular canals
C. rectangular canals
D. lobe canal | The parts of the ears involved in balance are the semicircular canals . Above, the semicircular canals are colored purple ( Figure above ). The canals contain liquid and are like the bottle of water pictured below ( Figure below ). When the bottle tips, the water surface moves up and down the sides of the bottle. When ... | B: semicircular canals. |
The sun’s heat can also be trapped in your home by using south facing windows and good what?
Here are the choices:
A. vegetation
B. curtains
C. insulation
D. floors | Solar energy is used to heat homes and water, and to make electricity. Scientists and engineers have many ways to get energy from the Sun ( Figure above ). One is by using solar cells. Solar cells are devices that turn sunlight directly into electricity. Lots of solar cells make up an individual solar panel. You may ha... | C: insulation. |
Red blood cells do not perform aerobic respiration, but they do perform what process that is nearly universal to organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. mitosis
B. digestion
C. reproduction
D. glycolysis | CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 18. Why is it beneficial for cells to use ATP rather than energy directly from the bonds of carbohydrates? What are the greatest drawbacks to harnessing energy directly from the bonds of several different compounds? 19. Nearly all organisms on earth carry out some form of glycolysis. How doe... | D: glycolysis. |
Late adulthood begins in the mid-60s and continues until?
Here are the choices:
A. youth
B. adolescence
C. death
D. birth | Late adulthood begins in the mid-60s and continues until death. This is the stage of life when most people retire from work. This frees up their time for hobbies, grandchildren, or other interests. For example, the man in Figure below enjoys creating music in old age. | C: death. |
The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute present in a given quantity of ___________?
Here are the choices:
A. mixture
B. salutation
C. structure
D. solution | Summary The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute present in a given quantity of solution. Concentrations are usually expressed as molarity, the number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution. Solutions of known concentration can be prepared either by dissolving a known mass of solute in a solvent and di... | D: solution. |
What is the study of rock strata called?
Here are the choices:
A. chemistry
B. biology
C. stratigraphy
D. biochemistry | The study of rock strata is called stratigraphy . The laws of stratigraphy can help scientists understand Earth’s past. The laws of stratigraphy are usually credited to a geologist from Denmark named Nicolas Steno. He lived in the 1600s. The laws are illustrated in the Figure below ; refer to the figure as you read abo... | C: stratigraphy. |
What is the particular sequence of amino acids in a longer chain called?
Here are the choices:
A. amino acid sequence
B. molecular sequence
C. atomic sequence
D. carbon sequence | The dipeptide has a free amino group on one end of the molecule and a free carboxyl group on the other end. Each is capable of extending the chain through the formation of another peptide bond. The particular sequence of amino acids in a longer chain is called an amino acid sequence. By convention, the amino acid seque... | A: amino acid sequence. |
Stones, infections, and diabetes threaten the health and functioning of what paired organs?
Here are the choices:
A. kidneys
B. lungs
C. tissues
D. arteries | A person can live a normal, healthy life with just one kidney. However, at least one kidney must function properly to maintain life. Diseases that threaten the health and functioning of the kidneys include kidney stones, infections, and diabetes. | A: kidneys. |
What is the name of the outer layer of skin?
Here are the choices:
A. the dermis
B. the epidermis
C. endodermis
D. hypodermis | The epidermis is the outer layer of skin, consisting of epithelial cells and little else (see Figure below ). For example, there are no nerve endings or blood vessels in the epidermis. The innermost cells of the epidermis are continuously dividing through mitosis to form new cells. The newly formed cells move up throug... | B: the epidermis. |
What is the major source of water vapor in the atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. ocean
B. streams
C. drift
D. sea | Oceans are the major source of water vapor in the atmosphere. Sunlight heats water near the sea surface ( Figure below ). As the water warms, some of it evaporates. The water vapor rises into the air, where it may form clouds and precipitation. Precipitation provides the freshwater needed by plants and other living thi... | A: ocean. |
The release of mature eggs that occurs at the midpoint of each cycle is called?
Here are the choices:
A. induction
B. fertilization
C. ovulation
D. semination | C: ovulation. | |
What are the three ways to control the transcription of an operon?
Here are the choices:
A. repressive, activator, inducible
B. hormonal, repressive, activator,
C. repressive, activator, spontaneous
D. transparent , activator , inducible | 16.2 Prokaryotic Gene Regulation The regulation of gene expression in prokaryotic cells occurs at the transcriptional level. There are three ways to control the transcription of an operon: repressive control, activator control, and inducible control. Repressive control, typified by the trp operon, uses proteins bound t... | A: repressive, activator, inducible. |
Peroxisomes carry out oxidation reactions that break down what acids?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach acids
B. fatty acids and amino acids
C. acetic acids
D. nitric acids | Peroxisomes Peroxisomes are small, round organelles enclosed by single membranes. They carry out oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids. They also detoxify many poisons that may enter the body. Alcohol is detoxified by peroxisomes in liver cells. A byproduct of these oxidation reactions is hydr... | B: fatty acids and amino acids. |
The magnitude of the momentum vector is the product of what two properties?
Here are the choices:
A. work and speed
B. mass and speed
C. acceleration and speed
D. volume and speed | Momentum is a vector that points in the direction of the velocity vector. The magnitude of this vector is the product of mass and speed. | B: mass and speed. |
Hydrostatic skeletons are well suited for life in what kind of environments?
Here are the choices:
A. bacterial
B. pelagic
C. surface
D. aquatic | D: aquatic. | |
How do prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually?
Here are the choices:
A. mitosis
B. kinetic fission
C. binary fission
D. residual fission | Prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually by binary fission , a process that produces identical offspring ( Figure below ). In asexual reproduction , a single parent produces genetically identical offspring. As prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, and have only one circular chromosome, they do not need to reproduce by th... | C: binary fission. |
Many species use their body shape and coloration to avoid what?
Here are the choices:
A. detection by predators
B. exposure
C. sunlight
D. human contact | Many species use their body shape and coloration to avoid being detected by predators. The tropical walking stick is an insect with the coloration and body shape of a twig which makes it very hard to see when stationary against a background of real twigs (Figure 45.20a). In another example, the chameleon can change its... | A: detection by predators. |
What property of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper?
Here are the choices:
A. pressure
B. salt content
C. visability
D. speed | The pressure of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper. | A: pressure. |
Remember electrons are negatively charged, so ions with a positive charge have lost what?
Here are the choices:
A. electron
B. proton
C. neutron
D. atom | Solution First, write out the electron configuration for each parent atom. We have chosen to show the full, unabbreviated configurations to provide more practice for students who want it, but listing the coreabbreviated electron configurations is also acceptable. Next, determine whether an electron is gained or lost. R... | A: electron. |
What type of starch is used for long-term energy storage in animal cells?
Here are the choices:
A. rigid
B. fructose
C. glycogen
D. enzyme | Starches are one of the more common polysaccharides. Starch is made up of a mixture of amylose (15–20%) and amylopectin (80–85%). Amylose consists of a linear chain of several hundred glucose molecules and amylopectin is a branched molecule made of several thousand glucose units. Starches can be digested by hydrolysis ... | C: glycogen. |
What contracts to move food throughout the gastrointestinal tract?
Here are the choices:
A. nerves
B. vessels
C. muscles
D. fluids | waves of muscle contractions in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract that keep food moving through the tract. | C: muscles. |
A magnet can exert force on objects without touching them, as long as they are within what?
Here are the choices:
A. gravitational field
B. molecular field
C. magnetic field
D. audio field | A familiar example may help you understand the vibrating electric and magnetic fields that make up electromagnetic waves. Consider a bar magnet, like the one in the Figure below . The magnet exerts magnetic force over an area all around it. This area is called a magnetic field. The field lines in the diagram represent ... | C: magnetic field. |
What field of science seeks to explain how traits are passed on from one generation to the next?
Here are the choices:
A. genetics
B. biochemistry
C. zoology
D. quantum physics | Genetics is the study of inheritance. The field of genetics seeks to explain how traits are passed on from one generation to the next. | A: genetics. |
Saturated hydrocarbons get their name because they are saturated with what atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. nitrogen
C. oxygen
D. helium | Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms, so the carbon atoms are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. In other words, they are saturated with hydrogen atoms. | A: hydrogen. |
What is the name of the black opening in the eye that lets light enter?
Here are the choices:
A. inlet
B. iris
C. pupil
D. cornea | Next, light passes through the pupil. The pupil is a black opening in the eye that lets light enter the eye. | C: pupil. |
Enzymes in saliva help bread down and digest what?
Here are the choices:
A. fiber and minerals
B. starches and fats
C. water and fiber
D. starches and water | Figure 16.5 (a) Digestion of food begins in the mouth. (b) Food is masticated by teeth and moistened by saliva secreted from the salivary glands. Enzymes in the saliva begin to digest starches and fats. With the help of the tongue, the resulting bolus is moved into the esophagus by swallowing. (credit: modification of ... | B: starches and fats. |
What comes first in the life cycle of a plant?
Here are the choices:
A. seed
B. garden
C. flower
D. pair | A: seed. | |
Within the chloroplast, synthesis of what takes place in the fluid inside the inner membrane called the stroma?
Here are the choices:
A. fructose
B. glucose
C. wheat
D. sugar | Figure 4.17 The chloroplast has an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and membrane structures called thylakoids that are stacked into grana. The space inside the thylakoid membranes is called the thylakoid space. The light harvesting reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes, and the synthesis of sugar takes plac... | D: sugar. |
When referring to genes, what term describes the property of having multiple phenotypic effects?
Here are the choices:
A. archetype
B. pleiotrophy
C. prototype
D. xerophyte | Many genes have multiple phenotypic effects, a property called pleiotropy. | B: pleiotrophy. |
What are intervertebral discs made of?
Here are the choices:
A. fibrocartilage
B. connective cartilage
C. fibrotissue
D. intercartilage | Figure 9.3 Intervertebral Disc An intervertebral disc unites the bodies of adjacent vertebrae within the vertebral column. Each disc allows for limited movement between the vertebrae and thus functionally forms an amphiarthrosis type of joint. Intervertebral discs are made of fibrocartilage and thereby structurally for... | A: fibrocartilage. |
What harmful light does ozone reduce in the upper atmospheres?
Here are the choices:
A. ultraviolet light
B. specific light
C. visible light
D. infrared light | The ozone in smog is also harmful to human health. The image below shows the levels of ozone to watch out for ( Figure below ). Some people are especially sensitive to ozone. They can be harmed by levels of ozone that would not affect most other people. These people include those with lung or heart problems. | A: ultraviolet light. |
What device detects and measuresee earthquake waves?
Here are the choices:
A. polygraph
B. seismograph
C. stenograph
D. sphygmomanometer | Although the idea that Earth is a magnet is centuries old, the discovery of why Earth is a magnet is a relatively new. In the early 1900s, scientists started using seismographic data to learn about Earth’s inner structure. A seismograph detects and measure earthquake waves. Evidence from earthquakes showed that Earth h... | B: seismograph. |
While some climate regions have multiple layers, arid regions are poor for development of what?
Here are the choices:
A. rain
B. plants
C. minerals
D. soil | Not all climate regions develop soils. Arid regions are poor at soil development. Not all regions develop the same soil horizons. Some areas develop as many as five or six distinct layers. Others develop only a few. | D: soil. |
Some plants open their leaves during the day to collect what?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. precipitation
C. moisture
D. sunlight | Plants also detect and respond to the daily cycle of light and darkness. For example, some plants open their leaves during the day to collect sunlight and then close their leaves at night to prevent water loss. | D: sunlight. |
What secretion initiates chemical digestion while also protecting the oral cavity?
Here are the choices:
A. lymph
B. stomach acid
C. mucus
D. saliva | D: saliva. | |
What makes echinoderms force water into the feet and move forward?
Here are the choices:
A. muscle contractions
B. spring contractions
C. vacuum contractions
D. field contractions | A unique feature of echinoderms is their water vascular system . This is a network of canals that extend along each body part. In most echinoderms, the canals have external projections called tube feet (see Figure below ). The feet have suckers on the ends. Muscle contractions force water into the feet, causing them to... | A: muscle contractions. |
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are all produced where?
Here are the choices:
A. in collagen
B. in red marrow
C. in yellow marrow
D. in synovial fluid | energy. Red marrow is where hematopoiesis—the production of blood cells—takes place. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are all produced in the red marrow. | B: in red marrow. |
Fine-grained mud in the deep ocean comes from silts and clays brought from the land by?
Here are the choices:
A. fire
B. wind
C. waves
D. water | Fine-grained mud in the deep ocean comes from silts and clays brought from the land by wind. The particles are deposited on the sea surface. they slowly settle to the deep ocean floor, forming brown, greenish, or reddish clays. Volcanic ash may also settle on the seafloor. | B: wind. |
Pseudopods are temporary extensions of what?
Here are the choices:
A. the cell wall
B. cytopods
C. the cytoplasm
D. the mucus | Almost all protozoa can move. They have special appendages for this purpose. You can see different types in Figure below . Cilia (cilium, singular) are short, hair-like projections. Pseudopods are temporary extensions of the cytoplasm. Flagella are long, whip-like structures. Flagella are also found in most prokaryotes... | C: the cytoplasm. |
Ice cubes in cola cause the cola to lose what?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal energy
B. gravity
C. mechanical energy
D. kinetic energy | Simon Cousins. Ice cubes in cola cause the cola to lose thermal energy . CC BY 2.0. | A: thermal energy. |
How are protists traditionally classified?
Here are the choices:
A. sponges, fungi and bacteria
B. animal-like, plant-like, or fungi-like
C. organic and inorganic
D. carnivorous or herbivorous | Protists are traditionally classified as animal-like, plant-like, or fungi-like. You will read more about each of these types of protists in the next lesson. | B: animal-like, plant-like, or fungi-like. |
Coal is a solid hydrocarbon formed from what type of decaying material?
Here are the choices:
A. mammals
B. insects
C. plant
D. soil | Coal is a solid hydrocarbon formed from decaying plant material over millions of years. | C: plant. |
Many disciplines within the study of biology contribute to understanding how past and present life evolved over time; these disciplines together contribute to building, updating, and maintaining this?
Here are the choices:
A. root of life
B. tree of life
C. forests of life
D. amount of life | The diagrams above can serve as a pathway to understanding evolutionary history. The pathway can be traced from the origin of life to any individual species by navigating through the evolutionary branches between the two points. Also, by starting with a single species and tracing back towards the "trunk" of the tree, o... | B: tree of life. |
A flow of one coulomb per second is called one ampere, which is a measure of what?
Here are the choices:
A. electric current
B. powered current
C. performance current
D. Direct current | The electric current is measured in coulombs per second. A flow of one coulomb per second is called one ampere, A, of current. | A: electric current. |
What might eventually happen to a species if it is unable to reproduce?
Here are the choices:
A. extinction
B. migration
C. adaptation
D. natural selection | A: extinction. | |
What do muscles need to contract?
Here are the choices:
A. tendons
B. pressures
C. stress
D. stimulus | Muscles cannot contract on their own. They need a stimulus from a nerve cell to “tell” them to contract. Let’s say you decide to raise your hand in class. Your brain sends electrical messages to nerve cells, called motor neurons, in your arm and shoulder. The motor neurons, in turn, stimulate muscle fibers in your arm ... | D: stimulus. |
What is considered to be a unique feature of echinoderms?
Here are the choices:
A. oil vascular system
B. iron vascular system
C. water vascular system
D. air vascular system | A unique feature of echinoderms is their water vascular system. This is a network of canals that extends along each body part. In most echinoderms, the canals have external projections called tube feet (see Figure below ). The feet have suckers on the ends. Muscle contractions force water into the feet, causing them to... | C: water vascular system. |
Noninfectious diseases can't be passed from one person to another. instead, these types of diseases are caused by factors such as environment, genetics and what?
Here are the choices:
A. age
B. weight
C. education
D. lifestyle | Noninfectious diseases can't be passed from one person to another. Instead, these types of diseases are caused by factors such as the environment, genetics, and lifestyle. Examples of inherited noninfectious conditions include cystic fibrosis and Down syndrome. If you're born with these conditions, you must learn how t... | D: lifestyle. |
What 'counting' instrument is used to measure radioactivity?
Here are the choices:
A. Liquid Counter
B. geiger counter
C. pryor counter
D. ellie counter | prepared. A student measures the radioactivity of this source with a Geiger counter and observes 1500 counts per minute. She notices that the source was prepared 120 days before her lab. What fraction of the decays is she observing with her apparatus? (b) Identify some of the reasons that only a fraction of the α s emi... | B: geiger counter. |
Often primary producers, what term describes species considered the “base” or “bedrock” of a community, having the greatest influence on its overall structure?
Here are the choices:
A. primary
B. foundation
C. consumable
D. fundamental | Foundation Species Foundation species are considered the “base” or “bedrock” of a community, having the greatest influence on its overall structure. They are often primary producers, and they are typically an abundant organism. For example, kelp, a species of brown algae, is a foundation species that forms the basis of... | B: foundation. |
Hurricanes that form in the tropics are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. tornados
B. rain cyclones
C. tropical cyclones
D. caribbean cyclones | Hurricanes are cyclones. Since they form in the tropics, they are called tropical cyclones. These storms form over very warm ocean water in summer and autumn. The temperature of the sea surface must be 28 o C (82 o F) or higher. The air above the water warms and rises. This forms a low pressure cell. The air begins to ... | C: tropical cyclones. |
What types of flat maps show users changes in land elevation?
Here are the choices:
A. topographic maps
B. surveyor maps
C. elliptical maps
D. atlases | Topographic maps are flat maps that show the three-dimensional surface features of an area. Topographic maps help users see the how the land changes in elevation. | A: topographic maps. |
Sister chromatids separate as part of anaphase in what process?
Here are the choices:
A. angiogenesis
B. osmosis
C. vesicles
D. mitosis | D: mitosis. | |
Vertebrates evolved from primitive forms of which creature?
Here are the choices:
A. cephalopods
B. chordates
C. humanoids
D. arthropods | Vertebrates evolved from primitive chordates. This occurred about 550 million years ago. The earliest vertebrates may have been jawless fish, like the hagfish in Figure below . Vertebrates evolved a backbone to replace the notochord after the embryo stage. They also evolved a cranium , or bony skull, to enclose and pro... | B: chordates. |
Another name for table salt is?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen chloride
B. carbon chloride
C. sodium chloride
D. dioxide chloride | The table salt pictured in the Figure below contains two elements that are so reactive they are rarely found alone in nature. Instead, they undergo chemical reactions with other elements and form compounds. Table salt is the compound named sodium chloride (NaCl). It forms when an atom of sodium (Na) gives up an electro... | C: sodium chloride. |
In iceland, the mid-atlantic ridge is above sea what?
Here are the choices:
A. atmosphere
B. bottom
C. tide
D. level | In Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is above sea level. It's the only place we can see a mid-ocean ridge out of the water. The Midlina Bridge connects two plates. On the west side is the North American plate. On the east side is the Eurasian plate. A mid-ocean ridge is where new crust is created. Eventually this spot wi... | D: level. |
The earth's atmosphere, climate, and living things are effected by what feature that covers more than 70 percent of earth's surface?
Here are the choices:
A. continents
B. rivers
C. oceans
D. mountains | Oceans cover more than 70 percent of Earth's surface and hold 97 percent of its surface water. It’s no surprise that the oceans have a big influence on the planet. The oceans affect the atmosphere, climate, and living things. | C: oceans. |
What is the nest of cell an egg rests in called?
Here are the choices:
A. epidermis
B. follicle
C. pod
D. mitochondria | After puberty, an egg develops in an ovary about once a month. As you can see in Figure below , the egg rests in a nest of cells called a follicle. The follicle and egg grow larger and go through other changes. | B: follicle. |
The energy of a wave depends on time as well as what other property of the wave?
Here are the choices:
A. force
B. frequency
C. power
D. amplitude | The energy effects of a wave depend on time as well as amplitude. For example, the longer deep-heat ultrasound is applied, the more energy it transfers. Waves can also be concentrated or spread out. Sunlight, for example, can be focused to burn wood. Earthquakes spread out, so they do less damage the farther they get f... | D: amplitude. |
Genetic equilibrium occurs when what process doesn't exist within the population?
Here are the choices:
A. movement
B. reproduction
C. evolution
D. variation | The Hardy-Weinberg model describes how a population can remain at genetic equilibrium , referred to as the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genetic equilibrium occurs when there is no evolution within the population. In other words, the frequency of alleles (variants of a gene) will be the same from one generation to anothe... | C: evolution. |
During meiosis, each parent synthesizes gametes that contain only half of their complement of what?
Here are the choices:
A. receptors
B. atoms
C. neutrons
D. chromosomes | The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance was consistent with Mendel’s laws and was supported by the following observations: • During meiosis, homologous chromosome pairs migrate as discrete structures that are independent of other chromosome pairs. • The sorting of chromosomes from each homologous pair into pre-gametes ap... | D: chromosomes. |
What is evolution that occurs over a long period of time called?
Here are the choices:
A. spontaneous mutation
B. macroevolution
C. introgression
D. catabolism | Evolution that occurs over a long period of time is called macroevolution . It might take place over millions of years. This scale of evolution occurs above the level of the species. Fossils provide evidence for evolution at this scale. The evolution of the horse family, shown in Figure below , is an example of macroev... | B: macroevolution. |
What is the plasma membrane formed by?
Here are the choices:
A. cholesterol byproduct
B. a phospholipid bilayer
C. single lipid layer
D. a cytoplasm bilayer | The plasma membrane is formed by a phospholipid bilayer. | B: a phospholipid bilayer. |
What is formed when an element gains one or more electrons?
Here are the choices:
A. neutron
B. ion
C. cation
D. anion | When an element gains one or more electrons, an anion is formed. Nonmetals typically become anions when they interact with other chemical species. | D: anion. |
What is the term for the slow wearing down of rocks on earth’s surface?
Here are the choices:
A. evaporation
B. weathering
C. experiencing
D. slipping | Weather makes life interesting. Weather also causes weathering. Weathering is the slow wearing down of rocks on Earth’s surface. Wind-blown sand scours rocks like sandpaper. Glaciers of ice scrape across rock surfaces like a file. Even gentle rain may seep into rocks and slowly dissolve them. If the water freezes, it e... | B: weathering. |
Lobsters are what kind of food source?
Here are the choices:
A. sauropod
B. mollusc
C. arthropod
D. combination | Lobsters are one kind of arthropod food source. | C: arthropod. |
Helicopters store large amounts of rotational energy of what type in their blades?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal
B. seismic
C. magnetic
D. kinetic | Figure 10.18 The first image shows how helicopters store large amounts of rotational kinetic energy in their blades. This energy must be put into the blades before takeoff and maintained until the end of the flight. The engines do not have enough power to simultaneously provide lift and put significant rotational energ... | D: kinetic. |
What branch of science is the study of matter and energy?
Here are the choices:
A. Thermodynamics
B. Chemistry
C. environmental science
D. physical science | Physical science is the study of matter and energy. It includes the sciences of chemistry and physics. Most careers in physical science require a 4-year college degree in one of these fields. Some careers require more advanced education as well. For example, an astronaut might have a master’s degree or even a doctoral ... | D: physical science. |
Plants and algae maintain the atmosphere. during photosynthesis, they add oxygen and remove what?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. carbon dioxide
C. methane
D. nitrogen | Plants and algae maintain the atmosphere. During photosynthesis, they add oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. | B: carbon dioxide. |
Electric substations have what devices, which use electromagnetic induction to increase or decrease the voltage of the current?
Here are the choices:
A. generators
B. tubes
C. transformers
D. transistors | Electric substations have several functions. Many substations distribute electricity from a few high-voltage lines to several lower-voltage lines. They have electric transformers, which use electromagnetic induction to change the voltage of the current. Some transformers increase the voltage; others decrease the voltag... | C: transformers. |
By what process does oxygen enter the pores of flatworms?
Here are the choices:
A. permeation
B. absorption
C. filtration
D. diffusion | Flatworms do not have a respiratory system. Instead, they have pores that allow oxygen to enter through their body. Oxygen enters the pores by diffusion. | D: diffusion. |
The iconic gray mantle of the human brain, which appears to make up most of the mass of the brain, is called?
Here are the choices:
A. cerebrum
B. brain stem
C. lobes
D. thrombus | The Cerebrum The iconic gray mantle of the human brain, which appears to make up most of the mass of the brain, is the cerebrum (Figure 13.6). The wrinkled portion is the cerebral cortex, and the rest of the structure is beneath that outer covering. There is a large separation between the two sides of the cerebrum call... | A: cerebrum. |
What kind of rocks form as an existing rock is altered by high temperature or pressure?
Here are the choices:
A. basaltic
B. igneous
C. metamorphic
D. sedimentary | Metamorphic rocks form as an existing rock is altered by high temperature or pressure. | C: metamorphic. |
What kind of water are cattails adapted for with narrow, strap-like leaves?
Here are the choices:
A. stagnant water
B. saline water
C. turbulent water
D. moving water | Living in water does present challenges to plants, however. For one thing, pollination by wind or animals isn’t feasible under water, so aquatic plants may have adaptations that help them keep their flowers above water. For instance, water lilies have bowl-shaped flowers and broad, flat leaves that float. This allows t... | D: moving water. |
What is the most abundant living thing on earth that can be found in almost any environment?
Here are the choices:
A. bacteria
B. pests
C. pathogens
D. viruses | Bacteria are the most abundant living things on Earth. They live in almost all environments. They are found in the air, ocean, soil, and intestines of animals. They are even found in rocks deep below Earth's surface. Any surface that has not been sterilized is likely to be covered with bacteria. The total number of bac... | A: bacteria. |
Oxidation does not necessarily require heating. which is the common and natural method of oxidation?
Here are the choices:
A. boiling
B. ageing
C. rusting
D. fermentation | Oxidation does not necessarily require heating. Iron that is exposed to air and water slowly oxidizes in a process commonly known as rusting. Bleaches contain various compounds such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), which release oxygen that oxidizes stains. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) releases oxygen as it spontaneousl... | C: rusting. |
Toward the late stages of pregnancy, a drop in progesterone and stretching forces from the fetus lead to increasing uterine irritability and prompt labor. contractions serve to dilate the cervix and expel this?
Here are the choices:
A. tissues
B. newborn
C. uteris
D. blood | Toward the late stages of pregnancy, a drop in progesterone and stretching forces from the fetus lead to increasing uterine irritability and prompt labor. Contractions serve to dilate the cervix and expel the newborn. Delivery of the placenta and associated fetal membranes follows. | B: newborn. |
Light bends when it passes in from what to what?
Here are the choices:
A. product to water
B. air to ground
C. water to air
D. air to water | Refraction is another way that waves interact with matter. Refraction occurs when waves bend as they enter a new medium at an angle. You can see an example of refraction in Figure below . Light bends when it passes from air to water. The bending of the light causes the pencil to appear broken. | D: air to water. |
Photosynthesis uses solar energy, carbon dioxide, and water to produce energy-storing carbohydrates.what is produced as a waste product?
Here are the choices:
A. sulfur
B. calcium
C. methane
D. oxygen | Figure 8.4 Photosynthesis uses solar energy, carbon dioxide, and water to produce energy-storing carbohydrates. Oxygen is generated as a waste product of photosynthesis. | D: oxygen. |
What is the basic unit of computer memory?
Here are the choices:
A. Bit
B. Teraybte
C. byte
D. Megabyte | Multiplicative prefixes are used for other units as well, such as computer memory. The basic unit of computer memory is the byte (b). What is the unit for one million bytes?. | C: byte. |
What is the first part of the large intestine, where wastes enter from the small intestine?
Here are the choices:
A. esophagus
B. the cecum
C. bowel
D. stomach | The cecum is the first part of the large intestine, where wastes enter from the small intestine. The wastes are in a liquid state. As they passes through the colon, which is the second part of the large intestine, excess water is absorbed. The remaining solid wastes are called feces . Feces accumulate in the rectum, wh... | B: the cecum. |
Burning fossil fuels produces air pollution and what?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. acid rain
C. carbon dioxide
D. liquid dioxide | Fossil fuels—including oil, natural gas, and coal—provide most of the energy used in the world today. Burning fossil fuels produces air pollution as well as carbon dioxide that causes global climate change. | C: carbon dioxide. |
Monosaccharides, particularly glucose, are major nutrients for what?
Here are the choices:
A. photosynthesis
B. cells
C. proteins
D. lipids | B: cells. | |
Covalent solids are formed by networks or chains of atoms or molecules held together by what?
Here are the choices:
A. covalent bonds
B. ionic bonds
C. gravitational bonds
D. bail bonds | Covalent Solids Covalent solids are formed by networks or chains of atoms or molecules held together by covalent bonds. A perfect single crystal of a covalent solid is therefore a single giant molecule. For example, the structure of diamond, shown in part (a) in , consists of sp3hybridized carbon atoms, each bonded to ... | A: covalent bonds. |
In response to high blood osmolarity, which can occur during dehydration or following a very salty meal, the osmoreceptors signal the posterior pituitary to release this?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. antidiuretic hormone (adh)
C. salt
D. adrenaline | Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) The solute concentration of the blood, or blood osmolarity, may change in response to the consumption of certain foods and fluids, as well as in response to disease, injury, medications, or other factors. Blood osmolarity is constantly monitored by osmoreceptors—specialized cells within the h... | B: antidiuretic hormone (adh). |
The grasp reflex in humans is an example of what kind of behavior?
Here are the choices:
A. habit
B. innate
C. trait
D. inclination | One of the few innate behaviors in human beings is the grasp reflex. It occurs only in babies. | B: innate. |
Antibiotics can cure most infections that are caused by what?
Here are the choices:
A. bacterium
B. bile
C. algae
D. bacteria | Health care has been improving over the most recent centuries. Vaccines were developed that could prevent many diseases ( Figure below ). Antibiotics were discovered that could cure most infections caused by bacteria. Together, these two advances saved countless lives. | D: bacteria. |
Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. silicon
B. nitrogen
C. hydrogen
D. helium | Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. The carbon atoms in hydrocarbons may share single, double, or triple covalent bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms. They are classified on the basis of their bonds as alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbo... | C: hydrogen. |
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