questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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During the day, what type of energy is transferred from the air over the land to the air over the water?
Here are the choices:
A. nuclear
B. magnetic
C. thermal
D. atmospheric | A: During the day, thermal energy is transferred from the air over the land to the air over the water. During the night, thermal energy is transferred in the opposite direction. | C: thermal. |
Which nerve carries electrical signals from the rods and cones to the brain?
Here are the choices:
A. neurotransmitter
B. axon
C. optic
D. auditory | The optic nerve carries electrical signals from the rods and cones to the brain. | C: optic. |
What is the only thing that can change an asteroid?
Here are the choices:
A. weather
B. a situation
C. a wind
D. a collision | An asteroid can only change due to a collision. A collision may cause the asteroid to break up. It may create craters on the asteroid’s surface. An asteroid may strike a planet if it comes near enough to be pulled in by its gravity. | D: a collision. |
Radon is inert and generally unreactive because it is which kind of gas?
Here are the choices:
A. noble gas
B. ignoble gas
C. transitive gas
D. ideal gas | Because radon is a noble gas, it is inert and generally unreactive. Despite this, exposure to even low concentrations of radon in air is quite dangerous. Describe the physical consequences of exposure to radon gas. Why are people who smoke more susceptible to these effects?. | A: noble gas. |
What are the two ways animals can manage their internal environment?
Here are the choices:
A. adaptation or mutation
B. digestion or excretion
C. regulating or conforming
D. sweating or sleeping | C: regulating or conforming. | |
What may the jointed appendages of arthropods be used for?
Here are the choices:
A. walking
B. crawling
C. jumping
D. digging | The jointed appendages of arthropods may be used as legs for walking. Being jointed makes them more flexible. Try walking or climbing stairs without bending your knees, and you’ll see why joints are helpful. In most arthropods, the appendages on the head have been modified for other functions. Figure below shows some o... | A: walking. |
A sperm cell and an egg cell fuse to become what?
Here are the choices:
A. fetus
B. unfertilized egg
C. fertilized egg
D. embryo | The Neural Tube To begin, a sperm cell and an egg cell fuse to become a fertilized egg. The fertilized egg cell, or zygote, starts dividing to generate the cells that make up an entire organism. Sixteen days after fertilization, the developing embryo’s cells belong to one of three germ layers that give rise to the diff... | C: fertilized egg. |
The muscles in arteries and veins that are largely responsible for regulation of blood pressure are known as what type?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular muscles
B. elongated muscles
C. smooth muscles
D. opposing muscles | Smooth muscles in arteries and veins are largely responsible for regulation of blood pressure. | C: smooth muscles. |
An inversion may result when what kind of mass moves over cold ground?
Here are the choices:
A. cold air
B. cold water
C. warm air
D. warm water | When a new air mass moves over a region it brings its characteristics to the region. This may change the area's temperature and humidity. Moving air masses cause the weather to change when they contact different conditions. For example, a warm air mass moving over cold ground may cause an inversion. | C: warm air. |
The eardrum is part of what part of the ear?
Here are the choices:
A. main
B. outer
C. inner
D. thin | The outer ear includes the pinna, ear canal, and eardrum. | B: outer. |
What is never lost and just changes forms?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. fuel
C. life
D. food | This platform is about to change energy from potential to kinetic. The energy is not lost; it just changes forms. The is on top of a precipice. The rest of the ride runs on the potential energy the platform has when it is at the top. | A: energy. |
What is the term for a mixture that varies in its composition?
Here are the choices:
A. homogeneous
B. mixed composition
C. heterogeneous
D. amorphous | The rock in Figure above is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture varies in its composition. The black nuggets, for example, are not distributed evenly throughout the rock. | C: heterogeneous. |
What are the "building blocks" of proteins?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. hormones
C. nucleic acids
D. amino acids | Amino acids are the "building blocks" of proteins. There are 20 different common amino acids. The structural formula of the simplest amino acid, called glycine, is shown in Figure below . Other amino acids have a similar structure. The sequence of amino acids and the number of amino acid chains in a protein determine t... | D: amino acids. |
What is responsible for our sense of balance?
Here are the choices:
A. our ears
B. our limbs
C. our feet
D. our eyes | The ears are also responsible for the sense of balance. Balance is the ability to sense and maintain body position. The semicircular canals inside the ear (see Figure above ) contain fluid that moves when the head changes position. Tiny hairs lining the semicircular canals sense movement of the fluid. In response, they... | A: our ears. |
What technology do scientists use to create models?
Here are the choices:
A. calculators
B. patterns
C. microscopes
D. computers | Scientists create models with computers. Computers can handle enormous amounts of data. This can more accurately represent the real situation. For example, Earth’s climate depends on an enormous number of factors. Climate models can predict how climate will change as certain gases are added to the atmosphere. To test h... | D: computers. |
What essential molecules can be harmful if ingested in large amounts, especially if they contain saturated fatty acids from animal foods?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. oxygen
C. helium
D. hydrogen | Lipids provide the body with energy and serve other vital functions. One gram of lipids provides 9 Calories of energy. You need to eat small amounts of lipids for good health. However, large amounts can be harmful, especially if they contain saturated fatty acids from animal foods. | A: lipids. |
What are two ways cnidarians are able to reproduce?
Here are the choices:
A. spawning and sexual
B. internally and externally
C. mitosis and meiosis
D. asexually and sexually | General Cnidarian Life Cycle. Cnidarians may reproduce both asexually and sexually. | D: asexually and sexually. |
In what human organ system would you find live e. coli bacteria?
Here are the choices:
A. respiratory system
B. circulatory system
C. digestive system
D. skeletal system | E. coli bacteria are anaerobic bacteria that live in the human digestive tract. | C: digestive system. |
What carries blood away from the heart?
Here are the choices:
A. pores
B. arteries
C. veins
D. capillaries | Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins return blood to the heart. | B: arteries. |
What is the most important characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?
Here are the choices:
A. uniform composition throughout
B. nonreactive
C. high density
D. very reactive | A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture. The salt water described above is homogeneous because the dissolved salt is evenly distributed throughout the entire salt water sample. Often it is easy to confuse a homogeneous mixture with a pure substance because they are ... | A: uniform composition throughout. |
The domain geometry for a molecule with four electron pairs is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. linear
B. bent
C. trigonal planar
D. tetrahedral | As for methane and ammonia, the domain geometry for a molecule with four electron pairs is tetrahedral. In the water molecule, two of the electron pairs are lone pairs rather than bonding pairs. The molecular geometry of the water molecule is bent. The H-O-H bond angle is 104.5°, which is smaller than the bond angle in... | D: tetrahedral. |
What is the gel-like material between the cell membrane and the nucleus called?
Here are the choices:
A. vacuole
B. mucus
C. ribosome
D. cytoplasm | Cytoplasm is one component of cells that is common to all cells. Cytoplasm is the gel-like material between the cell membrane and the nucleus. The cytoplasm plays an important role in a cell, serving as a "jelly" in which organelles are suspended and held together by the cell membrane. Though prokaryotic cells do not h... | D: cytoplasm. |
Like mammals and birds, and unlike other reptiles, crocodiles have how many chambers in their heart?
Here are the choices:
A. one
B. six
C. four
D. two | Like mammals and birds, and unlike other reptiles, crocodiles have a four-chambered heart. But, unlike mammals, blood with and without oxygen can be mixed. | C: four. |
What is the phenomenon in which light and sound waves become circular at the point source of a barrier?
Here are the choices:
A. refraction
B. sonic wave
C. reflection
D. diffraction | When a series of straight waves strike an impenetrable barrier, the waves stop at the barrier. However, the last particle of the medium at the back corner of the barrier will create circular waves from that point, called the point source. This can be seen in the image below. This phenomenon is called diffraction , and ... | D: diffraction. |
What is the name of the relatively large gland in the neck that secretes thyroxin?
Here are the choices:
A. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
C. Pituitary
D. thyroid | The thyroid gland is a relatively large gland in the neck. Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include thyroxin. Thyroxin increases the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. | D: thyroid. |
Amplification that occurs in which cells often requires signal transduction pathways involving second messengers?
Here are the choices:
A. catayst cells
B. sensory receptor
C. optic nerves
D. axons | B: sensory receptor. | |
As adults, amphibians are completely _______, meaning they feed on other animals.
Here are the choices:
A. carnivorous
B. omnivorous
C. monogamous
D. herbivorous | Amphibians are an important food source for animals such as birds, snakes, raccoons, and fish. Amphibians are also important predators. As larvae, they feed mainly on small aquatic animals such as water insects. They may also feed on algae. As adults, amphibians are completely carnivorous . They may catch and eat worms... | A: carnivorous. |
Approximately how many billion years ago did our solar system begin?
Here are the choices:
A. five billion
B. three billion
C. nine billion
D. four billion | Our solar system began about 5 billion years ago. The Sun, planets, and other solar system objects all formed at about the same time. The leading hypothesis for how they formed is called the nebular hypothesis . | A: five billion. |
A type of what organism causes ergot, a disease that impacts crops directly and has more devastating effects on animals?
Here are the choices:
A. bacteria
B. fungus
C. insects
D. virus | Plant Parasites and Pathogens The production of enough good-quality crops is essential to our existence. Plant diseases have ruined crops, bringing widespread famine. Most plant pathogens are fungi that cause tissue decay and eventual death of the host (Figure 13.25). In addition to destroying plant tissue directly, so... | B: fungus. |
Plant-like protists are commonly called what?
Here are the choices:
A. fungus
B. algae
C. seaweed
D. sponge | Plant-like protists are commonly called algae (alga, singular) . Some algae consist of single cells. They are called diatoms. Other algae are multicellular. An example is seaweed. Seaweed called kelp can grow as large as trees. You can see both a diatom and kelp in Figure below . Algae are probably ancestors of plants. | B: algae. |
Which cell gives rise to all cells of the human body?
Here are the choices:
A. signaler stem cell
B. omnipoten stem cell
C. totipotent stem cell
D. schwann stem cell | ability to diversify at each step. The totipotent stem cell is the zygote, or fertilized egg. The totipotent (toti- = “all”) stem cell gives rise to all cells of the human body. The next level is the pluripotent stem cell, which gives rise to multiple types of cells of the body and some of the supporting fetal membrane... | C: totipotent stem cell. |
What term describes the long tube that connects the mouth to the anus?
Here are the choices:
A. metabolism tract
B. gastrointestinal tract
C. esophagus tract
D. lungs tract | The organs in Figure below make up the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This is essentially a long tube that connects the mouth to the anus. Food enters the mouth and then passes through the rest of the GI tract. Food waste leaves the body through the anus. In adults, the GI tract is more than 9 meters (30 feet) long!. | B: gastrointestinal tract. |
In some ways, a collection of gas molecules represents the simplest form of what?
Here are the choices:
A. matter
B. life
C. energy
D. protein | In some ways, a collection of gas molecules represents the simplest form of matter. Because the individual molecules are so far apart, they have only fleeting interactions with one another. In contrast, molecules that have clustered together to form a liquid or solid are constantly exerting forces on each other. In fac... | A: matter. |
Are vesicles larger or smaller than vacuoles?
Here are the choices:
A. smaller
B. narrower
C. larger
D. wider | Vesicles are much smaller than vacuoles and have a variety of functions. Some vesicles pinch off from the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. These vesicles store and transport proteins and lipids. Other vesicles are used as chambers for biochemical reactions. | A: smaller. |
The duodenum is the first and the shortest part of what, and is where most chemical digestion takes place?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach
B. rectum
C. large intestine
D. small intestine | The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine. It is also the shortest part. This is where most chemical digestion takes place. Many enzymes and other substances involved in digestion are secreted into the duodenum. | D: small intestine. |
Which system consists of all the bones of the body?
Here are the choices:
A. skeletal system
B. digestive system
C. nervous system
D. circulatory system | The skeletal system consists of all the bones of the body. How important are your bones?. | A: skeletal system. |
What is rusting an example of?
Here are the choices:
A. contamination change
B. Decomposition
C. chemical change
D. radiation change | Comets carry materials in from the outer solar system. Comets may have brought water into the early Earth. Other substances could also have come from comets. | C: chemical change. |
What molecule consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen?
Here are the choices:
A. air
B. hydrogen peroxide
C. carbon monoxide
D. water | Water is an example of a common chemical compound. As you can see in the Figure below , each water molecule consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Water always has this 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. Like water, all compounds consist of a fixed ratio of elements. It doesn’t matter how much or how l... | D: water. |
All compounds, whether ionic or covalent, must be what?
Here are the choices:
A. metallic neutral
B. organic neutral
C. electrically neutral
D. abnormal neutral | When chemists synthesize a new compound, they may not yet know its molecular or structural formula. In such cases, they usually begin by determining itsempirical formula, the relative numbers of atoms of the elements in a compound, reduced to the smallest whole numbers. Because the empirical formula is based on experim... | C: electrically neutral. |
Which is the most common sti (sexually transmitted infection) in the united states?
Here are the choices:
A. syphilis
B. AIDS
C. giardia
D. chlamydia | Chlamydia is the most common STI in the United States. As shown in the graph in Figure below , females are much more likely than males to develop chlamydia. Like most STIs, rates of chlamydia are highest in teens and young adults. | D: chlamydia. |
What do all chemical reactions need to get started?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetic energy
B. potential energy
C. expression energy
D. activation energy | All chemical reactions, even exothermic reactions, need activation energy to get started. Activation energy is needed to bring reactants together so they can react. | D: activation energy. |
What organ does asthma periodically cause to narrow?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs
B. ovaries
C. intestines
D. liver | Asthma is a disease in which the air passages of the lungs periodically become too narrow, often with excessive mucus production. This causes difficulty breathing, coughing, and chest tightness. An asthma attack may be triggered by allergens, strenuous exercise, stress, or other factors. | A: lungs. |
Silver, gold, and copper all conduct what very well?
Here are the choices:
A. microwaves
B. light
C. electricity
D. sound | The electrical conductivity of a substance is a property that depends only on the type of substance. Silver, gold, and copper are excellent conductors of electricity, while glass and plastic are poor conductors. A larger or smaller piece of glass will not change this property. An intensive property is a property of mat... | C: electricity. |
Pakicetus and rodhocetus are considered to be ancestors of modern what?
Here are the choices:
A. whales
B. primates
C. rodents
D. hominins | Pakicetus and Rodhocetus are considered to be ancestors of modern whales. Scientists still argue about how aquatic Pakicetus was, but Rodhocetus is considered to be a largely aquatic animal. Where is the nostril located on Pakicetus ?. | A: whales. |
Chemical and physical changes in a system may be accompanied by an increase or a decrease in the disorder of the system, corresponding to an increase or decrease in what?
Here are the choices:
A. volume
B. enthalpy
C. vibration
D. entropy | Chemical and physical changes in a system may be accompanied by either an increase or a decrease in the disorder of the system, corresponding to an increase in entropy (ΔS> 0) or a decrease in entropy (ΔS < 0), respectively. As with any other state function, the change in entropy is defined as the difference between th... | D: entropy. |
What is the only way to completely avoid stis?
Here are the choices:
A. oral sex
B. contraceptive use
C. cover your mouth
D. avoid sexual contact | The only completely effective way to prevent infection with STIs is to avoid sexual contact and other risky behaviors. Using condoms can lower the risk of becoming infected with STIs during some types of sexual activity. However, condoms are not foolproof. Pathogens may be present on areas of the body not covered by co... | D: avoid sexual contact. |
What is an ion that is in common to both salts in a solution?
Here are the choices:
A. native ion
B. common ion
C. regular ion
D. strong ion | This situation describes the common ion effect. A common ion is an ion that is in common to both salts in a solution. In the above example, the common ion is Ca 2+ . The common ion effect is a decrease in the solubility of an ionic compound as a result of the addition of a common ion. Adding calcium ion to the saturate... | B: common ion. |
Prokaryotes and the nitrogen cycle nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is part of proteins and this?
Here are the choices:
A. nuclear forces
B. nucleic acids
C. molecules
D. nerve cells | Prokaryotes and the Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is part of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds to ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, and nitrogen gas by myriad processes, many of which are carried out ... | B: nucleic acids. |
What property is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules?
Here are the choices:
A. density
B. mass
C. temperature
D. velocity | Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules. Consider a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas at a certain temperature. Use the formula for kinetic energy to explain why the hydrogen molecules move faster than the oxygen molecules. Then explain why there’s no hydrogen in the earth’s atmosphere, and... | C: temperature. |
A measure of the disorder of a system is called its what?
Here are the choices:
A. lose
B. entropy
C. function
D. spectral | Summary A measure of the disorder of a system is its entropy (S), a state function whose value increases with an increase in the number of available microstates. Areversible process is one for which all intermediate states between extremes are equilibrium states; it can change direction at any time. In contrast, anirre... | B: entropy. |
What influence does the horizontal motion of a projectile have on free fall?
Here are the choices:
A. none
B. decrease acceleration
C. increase acceleration
D. vertical | The horizontal motion of a projectile does not influence its free fall. | A: none. |
Larger animals expend more of what to achieve locomotion?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. time
C. neurons
D. distance | A: energy. | |
Subshells are subdivisions of what groupings of electrons that can be found surrounding atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. orbitals
B. globals
C. isotopes
D. analogous | Carbon (atomic number 6) has six electrons. Four of them fill the 1s and 2s orbitals. The remaining two electrons occupy the 2p subshell. We now have a choice of filling one of the 2p orbitals and pairing the electrons or of leaving the electrons unpaired in two different, but degenerate, p orbitals. The orbitals are f... | A: orbitals. |
The number of moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent is defined as what?
Here are the choices:
A. singularity
B. molarity
C. kilocalorie
D. pollenation | An alternative way to define the concentration of a solution is molality, abbreviated m. Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent. How is this different from molarity? Would you expect a 1 M solution of sucrose to be more or less concentrated than a 1 m solution of sucrose? Explain your a... | B: molarity. |
What is the name for the pores in leaves that allow a plant to retain water or exchange gases?
Here are the choices:
A. chloroplasts
B. stomata
C. neurons
D. rhizomes | To allow the plant to retain water and exchange gases, small pores (holes) in the leaves called stomata also evolved ( Figure below ). The stomata can open and close depending on weather conditions. When it's hot and dry, the stomata close to keep water inside of the plant. When the weather cools down, the stomata can ... | B: stomata. |
What is part of a cycle that holds an element or water for a long period of time called?
Here are the choices:
A. a ditch
B. a holding tank
C. a reservoir
D. homeostasis | Part of a cycle that holds an element or water for a long period of time is called a reservoir . The ocean is a reservoir for water. The deep ocean may hold water for thousands of years. | C: a reservoir. |
What theory states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells?
Here are the choices:
A. the micro theory
B. the cell theory
C. the atomic theory
D. the molecular anatomy theory | According to the cell theory, all organisms are made up of one or more cells. Cells are the sites where all life processes take place. Cells come only from pre-existing cells. New cells forms when existing cells divide. | B: the cell theory. |
What does rearrangements of chromosomes contribute to the emergence of?
Here are the choices:
A. new species
B. extinction
C. fewer species
D. clones | A: new species. | |
In the universe as a whole, what is the most common element?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. hydrogen
C. carbon
D. helium | Abundance The elements vary widely in abundance. In the universe as a whole, the most common element is hydrogen (about 90% of atoms), followed by helium (most of the remaining 10%). All other elements are present in relatively minuscule amounts, as far as we can detect. On the planet Earth, however, the situation is r... | B: hydrogen. |
What are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances with different properties called?
Here are the choices:
A. molecules
B. atoms
C. elements
D. compounds | Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances with different properties. | C: elements. |
What gas, that is dissolved in solution, is used in carbonated beverages?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. phosphorus dioxide
C. hydrogen peroxide
D. carbon monoxide | Carbonated beverages contain carbon dioxide gas that is dissolved in solution. Do you think a carbonated beverage is a mixture or a pure substance? Explain. | A: carbon dioxide. |
Fluoride ion is widely used in water supplies to help prevent what?
Here are the choices:
A. rust
B. tooth decay
C. bacteria
D. chlorine taste | Fluoride ion is widely used in water supplies to help prevent tooth decay. Chloride is an important component in ion balance in blood. Iodide ion is needed by the thyroid gland to make the hormone thyroxine. | B: tooth decay. |
Amino acids are joined together to form a chain at what molecular structure?
Here are the choices:
A. DNA
B. ribosomes
C. chloroplasts
D. chromosomes | At the ribosome, the amino acids are joined together to form a chain of amino acids. | B: ribosomes. |
What is the name of the science that studies matter and the changes material substances undergo?
Here are the choices:
A. chemistry
B. geology
C. biology
D. physics | Summary Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes material substances undergo. It is essential for understanding much of the natural world and central to many other scientific disciplines, including astronomy, geology, paleontology, biology, and medicine. | A: chemistry. |
Which process changes rocks by heat and pressure?
Here are the choices:
A. weathering
B. sediments
C. metamorphism
D. Changes | Metamorphism changes rocks by heat and pressure. These agents create an entirely new type of rock. Metamorphism changes rocks physically and/or chemically. | C: metamorphism. |
What is defined as an antigen that causes an allergy?
Here are the choices:
A. a pollutant
B. a disinfectant
C. an allergen
D. an expectorant | An antigen that causes an allergy is called an allergen. | C: an allergen. |
What can be linked together to form disaccharides or polysaccharides?
Here are the choices:
A. monosaccharides
B. nitrates
C. amino acids
D. carbohydrates | Monosaccharides can be linked together to form disaccharides or polysaccharides. | A: monosaccharides. |
What were the first living things to evolve on earth?
Here are the choices:
A. eukaryotes
B. prokaryotes
C. DNA
D. carbon | Prokaryotes were the first living things to evolve on Earth, probably around 3.8 billion years ago. They were the only living things until the first eukaryotic cells evolved about 2 billion years ago. Prokaryotes are still the most numerous organisms on Earth. | B: prokaryotes. |
All members of a species living together form a what?
Here are the choices:
A. group
B. organization
C. population
D. family | Recall that the four different sublevels (s, p, d, and f) each consist of a different number of orbitals. The s sublevel has one orbital, the p sublevel has three orbitals, the d sublevel has five orbitals, and the f sublevel has seven orbitals. In the first period, only the 1s sublevel is being filled. Since all orbit... | C: population. |
What type of disturbance do even dominant plants depend on in many biomes?
Here are the choices:
A. mass extinction
B. periodic
C. radiation
D. seismic force | B: periodic. | |
What type of behaviors are triggered by pheromones in moths?
Here are the choices:
A. peculiar
B. courtship
C. exhibit
D. illuminating | B: courtship. | |
What do organisms use to store energy?
Here are the choices:
A. tissues
B. metabolytes
C. proteins
D. lipids | A lipid is an organic compound such as fat or oil. Organisms use lipids to store energy, but lipids have other important roles as well. Lipids consist of repeating units called fatty acids. Fatty acids are organic compounds that have the general formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) n COOH, where n usually ranges from 2 to 28 and is al... | D: lipids. |
The scientific practice of classifying organisms is also known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. methodology
B. terminology
C. taxodermy
D. taxonomy | 22 Classification of Living Things 22.0.1 Classification of Living Things & Naming With so many flora and fauna on planet Earth, there must be a method to classify each organism to distinguish it from others so it can be correctly identified. Classification does not only apply to biology. For example, supermarkets and ... | D: taxonomy. |
What is the type of cell division that produces gametes?
Here are the choices:
A. mitosis
B. budding
C. electrolysis
D. meiosis | Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes. | D: meiosis. |
The force applied to an object is called?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity
B. torque
C. strain
D. stress | Stress is the force applied to an object. Stresses can be confining, compression, tension, or shear. | D: stress. |
What is the largest mineral group, comprising over 90% of earth's crust?
Here are the choices:
A. carbonates
B. silicates
C. soils
D. oxides | Silicates are the largest mineral group. About 1,000 silicate minerals are known. Silicate minerals are also extremely common. They make up over 90% of Earth's crust!. | B: silicates. |
Sound navigation and ranging is an acronym for what, which is used to locate underwater objects such as submarines?
Here are the choices:
A. GPS
B. sonar
C. sound transmission
D. radar | Sonar stands for sound navigation and ranging. It is used to locate underwater objects such as submarines. | B: sonar. |
What is the term for the difference in elevation between two contour lines?
Here are the choices:
A. design interval
B. mapping interval
C. contour interval
D. height | Contour lines are lines of equal elevation. Contour intervals are the difference in elevation between two contour lines. | C: contour interval. |
The same reaction regenerates pyruvate, which is transported to which cells?
Here are the choices:
A. mesophyll
B. skin
C. symbionts
D. outermost | A: mesophyll. | |
What large carboxylic acid with three ionizable hydrogen atoms gives some fruits a sour or tart flavor?
Here are the choices:
A. ammonia acid
B. hydrochloric acid
C. beryllium acid
D. citric acid | Citric acid is a large carboxylic acid with three ionizable hydrogen atoms. It is found in citrus fruits and gives them their sour or tart flavor. | D: citric acid. |
How does sap get to the tops of tall trees?
Here are the choices:
A. via Coriolis forces
B. through suction power
C. through pressure from below
D. through negative pressure | How does sap get to the tops of tall trees? (Recall that a column of water can only rise to a height of 10 m when there is a vacuum at the top—see Example 11.5. ) The question has not been completely resolved, but it appears that it is pulled up like a chain held together by cohesive forces. As each molecule of sap ent... | D: through negative pressure. |
Each megasporangium has a single functional one of what?
Here are the choices:
A. antispore
B. spicule
C. cocklebur
D. megaspore | D: megaspore. | |
Somatosensation refers to what of the five senses?
Here are the choices:
A. touch
B. sight
C. thought
D. balance | 36.2 | Somatosensation By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe four important mechanoreceptors in human skin • Describe the topographical distribution of somatosensory receptors between glabrous and hairy skin • Explain why the perception of pain is subjective Somatosensation is a mixed sensory cate... | A: touch. |
Respiratory distress syndrome results from insufficient production of what?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. lung tissue
C. alveoli
D. pulmonary surfactant | Respiratory System: Respiratory Distress Syndrome Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) primarily occurs in infants born prematurely. Up to 50 percent of infants born between 26 and 28 weeks and fewer than 30 percent of infants born between 30 and 31 weeks develop RDS. RDS results from insufficient production of pulmonar... | D: pulmonary surfactant. |
Redox reactions can always be recognized by a change in what number of two of the atoms in the reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. fermentation
B. oxidation
C. oxygen
D. precipitation | Again, the transfer of an H + ion leaves the oxidation numbers unaffected. In summary, redox reactions can always be recognized by a change in oxidation number of two of the atoms in the reaction. Any reaction in which no oxidation numbers change is not a redox reaction. | B: oxidation. |
In humans, the anus is attached to what kind of intestine?
Here are the choices:
A. internal
B. large
C. huge
D. small | Anal Canal Finally, food residue reaches the last part of the large intestine, the anal canal, which is located in the perineum, completely outside of the abdominopelvic cavity. This 3.8–5 cm (1.5–2 in) long structure opens to the exterior of the body at the anus. The anal canal includes two sphincters. The internal an... | B: large. |
What does interspecific competition between species often lead to?
Here are the choices:
A. extinction
B. symbiosis
C. evolution
D. immigration | Interspecific competition often leads to extinction . The species that is less well adapted may get fewer of the resources that both species need. As a result, members of that species are less likely to survive, and the species may go extinct. | A: extinction. |
Radioactive decay can give off energy and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. atoms
B. light
C. particles
D. ions | Radioactive elements and isotopes have unstable nuclei. To become more stable, the nuclei undergo radioactive decay. In radioactive decay, the nuclei give off, or emit, radiation in the form of energy and often particles as well. There are several types of radioactive decay, including alpha, beta, and gamma decay. Ener... | C: particles. |
What is the condition in which distant objects are seen clearly, but nearby objects appear blurry?
Here are the choices:
A. synthesise , or hyperopia
B. gleam , or hyperopia
C. farsightedness, or hyperopia
D. nearsightedness or hyperopia | Farsightedness, or hyperopia, is the condition in which distant objects are seen clearly, but nearby objects appear blurry. It occurs when the eyeball is shorter than normal (see Figure below ). This causes images to be focused in a spot that would fall behind the retina (if light could pass through the retina). Hypero... | C: farsightedness, or hyperopia. |
What novelties can also arise when structures that originally played one role gradually acquire a different one?
Here are the choices:
A. evolutionary
B. mutation
C. interactions
D. reproduction | A: evolutionary. | |
What is a gap in rock layers called?
Here are the choices:
A. a crevice
B. an unconformity
C. an anomaly
D. a mutation | An unconformity is a gap in rock layers. They occur where older rock layers eroded away completely before new rock layers were deposited. | B: an unconformity. |
Bacteria are often used to make cheese from what?
Here are the choices:
A. egg
B. meat
C. water
D. milk | Bacteria are often used to make cheese from milk. But making foods is not the only beneficial role of bacteria. For example, they also play an essential role in your gut!. | D: milk. |
Why are atoms of metals good conductors of electricity?
Here are the choices:
A. break into smaller parts
B. give up electrons
C. conserve heat
D. hold on to electrons | Electricity is a flow of electrons. Atoms of metals tend to give up electrons, explaining why they are good conductors of electricity. The tendency to give up electrons also explains many of the other properties of metals. | B: give up electrons. |
What is the basic unit of an organism called?
Here are the choices:
A. electron
B. particle
C. singularity
D. cell | While cells are the basic units of an organism, groups of cells can perform a job together. These cells are called specialized because they have a special job. Specialized cells can be organized into tissues . For example, your liver cells are organized into liver tissue. Your liver tissue is further organized into an ... | D: cell. |
All the blood in the human body is filtered about 60 times a day by what?
Here are the choices:
A. heart
B. kidneys
C. liver
D. lungs | blood containing the metabolic wastes from cells. All the blood in the human body is filtered about 60 times a day by the kidneys. The nephrons remove wastes, concentrate them, and form urine that is collected in the bladder. Internally, the kidney has three regions—an outer cortex, a medulla in the middle, and the ren... | B: kidneys. |
What happens to the energy levels of electrons as they are closer to the nucleus?
Here are the choices:
A. they divide
B. they are lower
C. they balance
D. they are higher | Electrons at lower energy levels, which are closer to the nucleus, have less energy. At the lowest energy level, which has the least energy, there is just one orbital, so this energy level has a maximum of two electrons. | B: they are lower. |
What is the term for the blockage of an artery by the buildup of fatty plaques?
Here are the choices:
A. clumps
B. fibrosis
C. cancers
D. atherosclerosis | make up the middle layer and the bulk of the heart wall. The outer layer of cells is called the epicardium, of which the second layer is a membranous layered structure called the pericardium that surrounds and protects the heart; it allows enough room for vigorous pumping but also keeps the heart in place to reduce fri... | D: atherosclerosis. |
In what type of reproduction do parents of different sexes mate to produce offspring?
Here are the choices:
A. parallel reproduction
B. subject reproduction
C. dual reproduction
D. sexual reproduction | Many organisms reproduce sexually. In sexual reproduction, parents of different sexes mate to produce offspring. The offspring have some combination of the traits of the two parents. Ducks are examples of sexually reproducing organisms. Other organisms reproduce asexually. In asexual reproduction, a single parent can p... | D: sexual reproduction. |
Insulin and glucagon help keep blood glucose levels in the normal range because of what type of effects?
Here are the choices:
A. sympathetic
B. ABNORMALISTIC
C. antagonistic
D. opportunistic | C: antagonistic. | |
What phenomenon has severe consequences on both natural and man-made objects, including killing trees and degrading marble statues?
Here are the choices:
A. acid rain
B. carbon rain
C. natural rain
D. oxygen rain | Acid rain has severe consequences on both natural and man-made objects. Acid rain degrades marble statues like the one on the left (A). The trees in the forest on the right (B) have been killed by acid rain. | A: acid rain. |
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