questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What is a three dimensional snycline?
Here are the choices:
A. a crust
B. a gorge
C. a peak
D. a basin | In a syncline, rocks arch downward. A three-dimensional syncline is a basin. | D: a basin. |
Rather than being dead, dry, and brittle, what support structures of the human body consist of living tissues and are supplied with blood and nerves?
Here are the choices:
A. hearts
B. feet
C. lungs
D. bones | Some people think bones are like chalk: dead, dry, and brittle. In reality, bones are very much alive. They consist of living tissues and are supplied with blood and nerves. | D: bones. |
The entire range of light that can be seen by the human eye without aid is known as what kind of light?
Here are the choices:
A. visible light
B. white light
C. infrared light
D. colored light | Why is this picture of a cat so colorful? No cat looks like this to the human eye. The picture was taken with a special camera that senses infrared light. This is a form of energy given off by warm objects. Areas that appear yellow are the warmest, and areas that appear purple are the coolest. The picture shows that th... | A: visible light. |
An endocrine disease usually involves the secretion of too much or not enough hormone by which gland?
Here are the choices:
A. endocrine
B. Thyroid
C. Pancreas
D. Pituitary | Diseases of the endocrine system are fairly common. An endocrine disease usually involves the secretion of too much or not enough hormone by an endocrine gland. This may happen because the gland develops an abnormal lump of cells called a tumor. For example, a tumor of the pituitary gland can cause secretion of too muc... | A: endocrine. |
What are the four well-known states of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. solid, liquid, plasma, and metal
B. solid, liquid, gas, and wave
C. solid , imine , gas , and plasma
D. solid, liquid, gas, and plasma | The photo above represents water in three common states of matter. States of matter are different phases in which any given type of matter can exist. There are actually four well-known states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Plasma isn’t represented in the iceberg photo, but the other three states of matter a... | D: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. |
What is the term for plants that produce flowers and fruit?
Here are the choices:
A. angiosperms
B. gymnosperms
C. endosperms
D. spores | Angiosperms are plants that produce flowers and fruit. | A: angiosperms. |
Why did people stop adding lead to gasoline?
Here are the choices:
A. explosions
B. environmental pollution
C. to expensive
D. bad smell | Gasoline and oils are complex chemical mixtures designed to burn in a way that will efficiently produce energy while emitting a minimal amount of air pollution. The refining of gasoline has improved engine performance but is much more complicated than simply using the crude products extracted from oil wells, as was com... | B: environmental pollution. |
Osseous tissue is the tissue that makes up what?
Here are the choices:
A. liver
B. muscle
C. bone
D. brain | Bone tissue (osseous tissue) differs greatly from other tissues in the body. Bone is hard and many of its functions depend on that characteristic hardness. Later discussions in this chapter will show that bone is also dynamic in that its shape adjusts to accommodate stresses. This section will examine the gross anatomy... | C: bone. |
What is the initial stage of scienetific investigations?
Here are the choices:
A. forming hypothesis
B. making predictions
C. asking questions
D. observation | Scientific investigations involve the collection of data through observation, the formation and testing of hypotheses by experimentation, and analysis of the results that involves reasoning. Scientific investigations begin with observations that lead to questions. | D: observation. |
The radiation exposure is determined by the number of what times the quality factor of the radiation?
Here are the choices:
A. rads
B. beacons
C. pounds
D. units | The radiation exposure is determined by the number of rads times the quality factor of the radiation. | A: rads. |
What is the smallest class of elements?
Here are the choices:
A. halogens
B. synthetics
C. noble gases
D. metalloids | Metalloids are the smallest class of elements, containing just six elements. They fall between metals and nonmetals in the periodic table. | D: metalloids. |
What is friction that acts on objects that are moving through a fluid?
Here are the choices:
A. fluid friction
B. fluid catalyst
C. fluid temperature
D. mass friction | Fluid friction is friction that acts on objects that are moving through a fluid. A fluid is a substance that can flow and take the shape of its container. Fluids include liquids and gases. If you’ve ever tried to push your open hand through the water in a tub or pool, then you’ve experienced fluid friction. You can fee... | A: fluid friction. |
The sun’s gravity is relatively strong because the force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to their what?
Here are the choices:
A. tissues
B. Liquids
C. masses
D. rocks | As you can see in this NASA photo, Earth is tiny compared with the massive sun. The sun’s gravity is relatively strong because the force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to their masses. Gravity between the sun and Earth pulls Earth toward the sun, but Earth never falls into the sun. Instead, it ... | C: masses. |
What do aquatic arthropods use to exchange gases with the water?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs
B. nostrils
C. gills
D. pores | Like mollusks and annelids, aquatic arthropods may have gills to exchange gases with the water (discussed below). Terrestrial arthropods, on the other hand, have special respiratory structures to exchange gases with the air. These are described in Figure below . | C: gills. |
How many groups of leaves does poison ivy typically have?
Here are the choices:
A. ten
B. three
C. four
D. six | Poison ivy plants are wild vines with leaves in groups of three. They grow in wooded areas in most of the United States. Contact with poison ivy may cause a rash in a person allergic to the plant. | B: three. |
This knocks electrons from atoms and turns them into ions?
Here are the choices:
A. chemical reactions
B. radiation
C. evaporation
D. convection | Long-term or high-dose exposure to radiation can harm both living and nonliving things. Radiation knocks electrons out of atoms and changes them to ions. It also breaks bonds in DNA and other compounds in living things. One source of radiation that is especially dangerous to people is radon. Radon is a radioactive gas ... | B: radiation. |
What do you call an incomplete outer shell of an atom?
Here are the choices:
A. nucleic shell
B. valence shell
C. helium shell
D. motile shell | B: valence shell. | |
What are the specialized cells of sponges called?
Here are the choices:
A. collar cells
B. t cells
C. plant cells
D. helper cells | 3. Sponges have specialized cells called collar cells. Describe how collar cells are specialized for the functions they serve. | A: collar cells. |
What organ system is comprised of your heart, blood, and blood vessels all working together?
Here are the choices:
A. nervous system
B. thoraxic system
C. digestive system
D. cardiovascular system | Your heart pumps blood around your body. But how does your heart get blood to and from every cell in your body? Your heart is connected to blood vessels such as veins and arteries. Organs that work together form an organ system . Together, your heart, blood, and blood vessels form your cardiovascular system . | D: cardiovascular system. |
What type of cells capture light energy, and use carbon dioxide as their carbon source?
Here are the choices:
A. chloroplasts
B. photoautotrophs
C. blood cells
D. sporozoans | Photoautotrophs are cells that capture light energy, and use carbon dioxide as their carbon source. There are many photoautotrophic prokaryotes, which include cyanobacteria. Photoautotrophic prokaryotes use similar compounds to those of plants to trap light energy. | B: photoautotrophs. |
When drinking water is treated, what is the term for when chemicals cause solids in the water to clump together?
Here are the choices:
A. coagulation
B. oxidation
C. clumping
D. plasma | You can see how water for drinking is treated in Figure below . Treating drinking water requires at least four processes: 1. Chemicals are added to untreated water. They cause solids in the water to clump together. This is called coagulation. 2. The water is moved to tanks. The clumped solids sink to the bottom of the ... | A: coagulation. |
What does the urea cycle process?
Here are the choices:
A. calcium
B. urine
C. nitrogen
D. oxygen | Freely available amino acids are used to create proteins. If amino acids exist in excess, the body has no capacity or mechanism for their storage; thus, they are converted into glucose or ketones, or they are decomposed. Amino acid decomposition results in hydrocarbons and nitrogenous waste. However, high concentration... | C: nitrogen. |
When using a microscope we do not see the entire extent of the sample. depending on the eyepiece and objective lens we see a restricted region which we say is this?
Here are the choices:
A. field of view
B. tunnel vision
C. peripheral view
D. focal point | When using a microscope we do not see the entire extent of the sample. Depending on the eyepiece and objective lens we see a restricted region which we say is the field of view. The objective is then manipulated in two-dimensions above the sample to view other regions of the sample. Electronic scanning of either the ob... | A: field of view. |
Sickle cell diseas is caused by what?
Here are the choices:
A. receccisve allele
B. anterior allele
C. posterior allele
D. bronchiole allele | A: receccisve allele. | |
What are the most successful organisms on earth?
Here are the choices:
A. pests
B. humans
C. trees
D. bacteria | Bacteria are the most successful organisms on the planet. They lived on this planet for two billion years before the first eukaryotes and, during that time, evolved into millions of different species. | D: bacteria. |
The temperature of an object is a measure of what type of energy?
Here are the choices:
A. chemical
B. density
C. thermal
D. magnetic | Forms of Energy The forms of energy include thermal energy, radiant energy, electrical energy, nuclear energy, and chemical energy (Figure 5.1 "Forms of Energy"). Thermal energy results from atomic and molecular motion; the faster the motion, the greater the thermal energy. The temperature of an object is a measure of ... | C: thermal. |
The chromosomal theory of inheritance proposed that what reside on chromosomes?
Here are the choices:
A. genes
B. atoms
C. rna
D. molecules | Chapter 13 1 Figure 13.3 No. The predicted frequency of recombinant offspring ranges from 0% (for linked traits) to 50% (for unlinked traits). 3 Figure 13.6 B. 4 A 6 C 8 B 10 C 12 D 14 The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance proposed that genes reside on chromosomes. The understanding that chromosomes are linear arrays o... | A: genes. |
What process occurs around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle, triggered by the lh surge?
Here are the choices:
A. fertilization
B. ovulation
C. sedimentation
D. menstruation | Figure 27.15 Hormone Levels in Ovarian and Menstrual Cycles The correlation of the hormone levels and their effects on the female reproductive system is shown in this timeline of the ovarian and menstrual cycles. The menstrual cycle begins at day one with the start of menses. Ovulation occurs around day 14 of a 28-day ... | B: ovulation. |
What term refers to a change in species over time?
Here are the choices:
A. mutation
B. generation
C. spontaneous change
D. evolution | Evolution can be described as a change in species over time . Dinosaur fossils are significant evidence of evolution and of past life on Earth. | D: evolution. |
The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen back and forth between the atmosphere and what?
Here are the choices:
A. Ocean
B. Ozone Layer
C. sediments
D. organisms | The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen back and forth between the atmosphere and organisms. Bacteria change nitrogen gas from the atmosphere to nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb. Other bacteria change nitrogen compounds back to nitrogen gas, which re-enters the atmosphere. | D: organisms. |
Eutrophication, or high levels of nutrients, can cause conditions that deprive fish of what vital gas?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. nitrogen
C. dioxide
D. oxygen | High levels of nutrients, called eutrophication, can cause conditions that deprive fish of oxygen. | D: oxygen. |
What ancestors did caecillians evolve from?
Here are the choices:
A. ornithopod
B. tetrapod
C. arthropod
D. hominid | Caecilians are most closely related to salamanders. As you can see from Figure below , they have a long, worm-like body without legs. Caecilians evolved from a tetrapod ancestor, but they lost their legs during the course of their evolution. | B: tetrapod. |
The surfaces of the bones at the joints are covered with a smooth layer of cartilage, which reduces what force between the bones when they move?
Here are the choices:
A. friction
B. vibration
C. expulsion
D. gravity | Movable joints allow the greatest movement and are the most common. In these joints, the bones are connected by ligaments. The surfaces of the bones at the joints are covered with a smooth layer of cartilage. It reduces friction between the bones when they move. The space between the bones is also filled with a liquid ... | A: friction. |
The infection-fighting complement system consists of roughly 30 proteins in?
Here are the choices:
A. fats
B. stool
C. blood plasma
D. stomach acid | C: blood plasma. | |
In how many ways ca a living organism obtain chemical energy
Here are the choices:
A. seven
B. two
C. three
D. four | Living organisms obtain chemical energy in one of two ways. | B: two. |
What stage in human males lasts from about ages 12 to 18 years and is controlled by hormones?
Here are the choices:
A. puberty
B. maturity
C. childhood
D. adolescence | The male reproductive system forms before birth but does not become capable of reproduction until it matures during puberty. Puberty lasts from about ages 12 to 18 years and is controlled by hormones. | A: puberty. |
Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or?
Here are the choices:
A. Contained
B. compressed
C. combustion
D. correlated | Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. When an elastic material is stretched or compressed, it exerts elastic force. This force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed. | B: compressed. |
Many parasites have complex life cycles involving multiple ?
Here are the choices:
A. features
B. hosts
C. diseases
D. viruses | B: hosts. | |
What type of light is composed of many rays having random polarization directions?
Here are the choices:
A. diffracted light
B. polarized light
C. unpolarized light
D. reflected light | 27.8 Polarization • Polarization is the attribute that wave oscillations have a definite direction relative to the direction of propagation of the wave. • EM waves are transverse waves that may be polarized. • The direction of polarization is defined to be the direction parallel to the electric field of the EM wave. • ... | C: unpolarized light. |
How do yeasts reproduce?
Here are the choices:
A. homosexual
B. bisexual
C. asexually
D. preferentially | Yeasts are an exception. They reproduce asexually by budding instead of by producing spores. An offspring cell forms on a parent cell. After it grows and develops, it buds off to form a new cell. The offspring cell is genetically identical to the parent cell. You can see yeast cells budding in Figure below . | C: asexually. |
In science, what can be described as a set of steps that help us to answer questions?
Here are the choices:
A. scientific controls
B. hypothesis
C. scientific method
D. theory | The scientific method is a set of steps that help us to answer questions. When we use logical steps and control the number of things that can be changed, we get better answers. As we test our ideas, we may come up with more questions. The basic sequence of steps followed in the scientific method is illustrated in Figur... | C: scientific method. |
What does the body derive from the breakdown of the carbohydrate-containing foods and drinks we consume?
Here are the choices:
A. amino acids
B. glucose
C. insulin
D. lipids | Regulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Insulin and Glucagon Glucose is required for cellular respiration and is the preferred fuel for all body cells. The body derives glucose from the breakdown of the carbohydrate-containing foods and drinks we consume. Glucose not immediately taken up by cells for fuel can be stored b... | B: glucose. |
A mitotic spindle forms from the centrioles and passes through the nuclear membrane, which remains intact. chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle, which separates the chromosomes and does what?
Here are the choices:
A. migrates the cell
B. elongates the cell
C. destroys the cell
D. manipulates the cell | A mitotic spindle forms from the centrioles and passes through the nuclear membrane, which remains intact. Chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle, which separates the chromosomes and elongates the cell. | B: elongates the cell. |
Substances produced by a reaction are known as?
Here are the choices:
A. minerals
B. solutions
C. products
D. compounds | Products are substances that are produced in the reaction. | C: products. |
What happens to the core of a star when it begins to run low on hydrogen?
Here are the choices:
A. it expands
B. it contracts
C. it disappears
D. it explodes | series of stages a sexually reproducing organism goes through from one generation to the next. | B: it contracts. |
What occurs when air masses meet?
Here are the choices:
A. earthquakes
B. currents
C. fronts
D. tides | Much of the weather occurs at fronts, where air masses meet. | C: fronts. |
What's the name for a cluster of genes, where one promoter serves adjacent genes?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma
B. nucleus
C. opteron
D. proton | C: opteron. | |
The diversity of alleles and genotypes within a population is known as genetic what?
Here are the choices:
A. variable
B. density
C. group
D. variance | Before Darwinian evolution became the prevailing theory of the field, French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck theorized that acquired traits could, in fact, be inherited; while this hypothesis has largely been unsupported, scientists have recently begun to realize that Lamarck was not completely wrong. Visit this site ... | D: variance. |
What does temperature measure?
Here are the choices:
A. lowest kinetic energy of molecules
B. highest potential energy of molecules
C. average kinetic energy of molecules
D. average potential energy of molecules | In this lesson, you read that air density and pressure change with altitude. The temperature of the air also changes with altitude. Air temperature measures the heat energy of air molecules. | C: average kinetic energy of molecules. |
What is the term for when the water of the ocean slowly rises and falls?
Here are the choices:
A. waves
B. dew
C. tides
D. currents | If you’ve ever visited an ocean shore, then you know that ocean water is always moving. Waves ripple through the water, as shown in Figure below . The water slowly rises and falls because of tides. You may see signs warning of currents that flow close to shore. What causes all these ocean motions? Different types of mo... | C: tides. |
Female monotremes lack a uterus and vagina. instead they have what?
Here are the choices:
A. endometrium
B. placenta
C. urethra
D. cloaca | Female monotremes lack a uterus and vagina. Instead, they have a cloaca with one opening, like the cloacas of reptiles and birds. The opening is used to excrete wastes as well as lay eggs. | D: cloaca. |
Pigments are substances that absorb what?
Here are the choices:
A. visible light
B. artificial light
C. synthetic light
D. natural light | A: visible light. | |
What class of oxygencontaining compounds is formed by the dehydration of alcohols?
Here are the choices:
A. nethers
B. ethers
C. sugars
D. reagents | Ethanol and resveratrol, a phenol, are representatives of two of the families of oxygencontaining compounds that we consider in this chapter. Two other classes, aldehydes and ketones, are formed by the oxidation of alcohols. Ethers, another class, are made by the dehydration of alcohols. | B: ethers. |
Group 16 is called the oxygen group. what is the only metalloid in this group?
Here are the choices:
A. gallium
B. cadmium
C. tellurium
D. beryllium | Group 16 is called the oxygen group. Tellurium is the only metalloid in this group, which also contains three nonmetals and one metal. | C: tellurium. |
In his work with pea plants, mendel performed what, which involves mating two true-breeding individuals that have different traits?
Here are the choices:
A. hybridization
B. cross-breeding
C. mutations
D. assimilation | These are plants that always produce offspring that look like the parent. By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel avoided the appearance of unexpected traits in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true breeding. The garden pea also grows to maturity within one season, meaning that several g... | A: hybridization. |
What type of minerals form when salt water evaporates?
Here are the choices:
A. fermite
B. carbonate
C. halide
D. sulfide | Halide minerals are salts. They form when salt water evaporates. This mineral class includes more than just table salt. Halide minerals may contain the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. Some halide minerals combine with metal elements. Common table salt is a halide mineral that contains the elements chlo... | C: halide. |
What are identified by the azimuthal quantum number?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic-energy level
B. sub-energy levels
C. covalent bonds
D. radioactivity - energy levels | The sub-energy levels are identified by the azimuthal quantum number, . | B: sub-energy levels. |
Desert plants have special stems and leaves to conserve what?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. food
C. habitat
D. air | Each organism has the ability to survive in a specific environment. Dry desert environments are difficult to live in. Desert plants have special stems and leaves to conserve water. Animals have other ways to live in the desert. The Namib Desert receives only 1.5 inches of rainfall each year. The Namib Desert beetle liv... | A: water. |
What substance causes oxidation by accepting electrons?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. oxidizing agent
C. solvents
D. thermal agent | In the reaction above, the zinc is being oxidized by losing electrons. However, there must be another substance present that gains those electrons and in this case that is the sulfur. In other words, the sulfur is causing the zinc to be oxidized. Sulfur is called the oxidizing agent. The zinc causes the sulfur to gain ... | B: oxidizing agent. |
Angiosperm success is a result of two novel structures that ensure reproductive success: flowers and this?
Here are the choices:
A. fruit
B. ants
C. food
D. glass | Angiosperm success is a result of two novel structures that ensure reproductive success: flowers and fruit. Flowers allowed plants to form cooperative evolutionary relationships with animals, in particular insects, to disperse their pollen to female gametophytes in a highly targeted way. Fruit protect the developing em... | A: fruit. |
Squamata is the largest order of what broad animal group, and includes lizards and snakes?
Here are the choices:
A. mammals
B. reptiles
C. amphibians
D. spiny fishes | Lizards and snakes belong to the largest order of reptiles, Squamata. Lizards are a large group of reptiles, with nearly 5,000 species, living on every continent except Antarctica. Some places are just too cold for lizards. | B: reptiles. |
Animals that have been modified to express recombinant dna are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. reproducing animals
B. aquatic animals
C. transgenic animals
D. mammalian animals | Transgenic Animals Although several recombinant proteins used in medicine are successfully produced in bacteria, some proteins require a eukaryotic animal host for proper processing. For this reason, the desired genes are cloned and expressed in animals, such as sheep, goats, chickens, and mice. Animals that have been ... | C: transgenic animals. |
In a medium, the closer the distribution of the material gets to what state, the slower the rate of diffusion becomes?
Here are the choices:
A. gas
B. erosion
C. equilibrium
D. elastic | Each separate substance in a medium, such as the extracellular fluid, has its own concentration gradient, independent of the concentration gradients of other materials. Additionally, each substance will diffuse according to that gradient. Several factors affect the rate of diffusion. • Extent of the concentration gradi... | C: equilibrium. |
When substances pass through the cell membrane without needing any energy what is it called?
Here are the choices:
A. energetic transport
B. kinetic transport
C. passive transport
D. active transport | Passive transport occurs when a substance passes through the cell membrane without needing any energy to pass through. This happens when a substance moves from an area where it is more concentrated to an area where it is less concentrated. Concentration is the number of particles of a substance in a given volume. Let's... | C: passive transport. |
Elements that do not need to conduct electricity are known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. silicates
B. carbonates
C. nonmetals
D. alloys | Nonmetals are elements that do not conduct electricity. They are the second largest class of elements. Nonmetals are also poor conductors of heat. The majority of nonmetals are gases. Solid nonmetals are dull and brittle. | C: nonmetals. |
What does the moon not have to protect it from extreme temperatures?
Here are the choices:
A. atmosphere
B. oxygen
C. metals
D. oceans | The Moon has no atmosphere. With no atmosphere, the Moon is not protected from extreme temperatures. The average surface temperature during the day is approximately 107°C (225°F). Daytime temperatures can reach as high as 123°C (253°F). At night, the average temperature drops to -153°C (-243°F). The lowest temperatures... | A: atmosphere. |
What happens between particles with opposite charges?
Here are the choices:
A. they oppose
B. they repel
C. they become static
D. they attract | When charged particles are close enough to exert force on each other, their electric fields interact. Particles with opposite charges attract each other. Particles with like charges repel each other. | D: they attract. |
Which generation of a plant is generally larger and longer-lived?
Here are the choices:
A. alpha generation
B. effective generation
C. dominant generation
D. main generation | One of the two generations of a plant’s life cycle is typically dominant to the other generation. Whether it’s the sporophyte or gametophyte generation, individuals in the dominant generation live longer and grow larger. They are the green, photosynthetic structures that you would recognize as a fern, tree, or other pl... | C: dominant generation. |
Mammals belong to which class of vertebrates?
Here are the choices:
A. chondrichthyes
B. placoderms
C. endothermic
D. agnathas | Mammals are a class of endothermic vertebrates. They have four limbs and produce amniotic eggs. Examples of mammals include bats, whales, mice, and humans. Clearly, mammals are a very diverse group. Nonetheless, they share many traits that set them apart from other vertebrates. | C: endothermic. |
Animals that have feeding patterns that are somewhere between that of herbivores and carnivores can be called what?
Here are the choices:
A. nematodes
B. insectivores
C. omnivores
D. megavores | 34.1 | Digestive Systems By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain the processes of digestion and absorption • Compare and contrast different types of digestive systems • Explain the specialized functions of the organs involved in processing food in the body • Describe the ways in which organs work tog... | C: omnivores. |
What organs produce eggs?
Here are the choices:
A. testes
B. kidneys
C. glands
D. ovaries | Like other female vertebrates, all female mammals have ovaries . These are the organs that produce eggs (see Figure below ). Therian mammals also have two additional female reproductive structures that are not found in other vertebrates. They are the uterus and vagina. | D: ovaries. |
What kind of reaction adds water to an organic molecule and breaks the large molecule into smaller molecules?
Here are the choices:
A. hydration reaction
B. aerobic reaction
C. heat reaction
D. supplementation reaction | A hydration reaction is the opposite of a dehydration reaction. A hydration reaction adds water to an organic molecule and breaks the large molecule into smaller molecules. Hydration reactions occur in an acidic water solution. An example of hydration reaction is the breaking of peptide bonds in polypeptides. A hydroxi... | A: hydration reaction. |
How much larger can the most powerful light microscropes make an image?
Here are the choices:
A. 10 times
B. 500 times
C. 2000 times
D. 100 times | Light microscopes allow biologists to see small details of a specimen. Most of the microscopes used in schools and laboratories are light microscopes. Light microscopes use lenses, typically made of glass or plastic, to focus light either into the eye, a camera, or some other light detector. The most powerful light mic... | C: 2000 times. |
In mammals, air is warmed and humidified in what?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach
B. lungs
C. esophagus
D. nasal cavity | 16.3 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Animal respiratory systems are designed to facilitate gas exchange. In mammals, air is warmed and humidified in the nasal cavity. Air then travels down the pharynx and larynx, through the trachea, and into the lungs. In the lungs, air passes. | D: nasal cavity. |
What is the specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant and allows these plants to grow taller?
Here are the choices:
A. blood vessels
B. fiber tissue
C. vascular tissue
D. dioxide tissue | For these plants, the name says it all. Vascular seedless plants have vascular tissue but do not have seeds. Remember that vascular tissue is specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant. The development of vascular tissue allowed these plants to grow much taller than nonvascular plants, ... | C: vascular tissue. |
What is the term for the method of sending out ultrasound waves to determine the locations of objects?
Here are the choices:
A. echolocation
B. catabolism
C. magnetism
D. morphology | Animals such as bats and dolphins send out ultrasound waves and use their echoes, or reflected waves, to identify the locations of objects they cannot see. This is called echolocation. Animals use echolocation to find prey and avoid running into objects in the dark. You can see in the Figure below and also at the follo... | A: echolocation. |
In autosomal dominant inheritance only one "affected" what is necessary to result in an "affected" phenotype?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. molecule
C. allele
D. trait | Autosomal Dominant Inheritance. Only one “affected” allele is necessary to result in the “affected” phenotype. For a genetic disease inherited in this manner, only one mutant allele is necessary to result in the phenotype. Achondroplasia (discussed later) is an example of a dominant disorder. Both homozygous and hetero... | C: allele. |
When the nucleus divides, the two chromatids that make up each chromosome separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell during this process?
Here are the choices:
A. spawning
B. cytokinesis
C. meiosis
D. mitosis | During mitosis , when the nucleus divides, the two chromatids that make up each chromosome separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell. This is shown in Figure below . You can watch an animation of the process at the following link: http://www. biology. arizona. edu/Cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/Mit... | D: mitosis. |
What is the layer above the troposphere?
Here are the choices:
A. thermosphere
B. troposphere
C. mesosphere
D. stratosphere | The stratosphere is the layer above the troposphere. Temperature increases with altitude in this layer. The ozone layer occurs here. | D: stratosphere. |
Which system consists of organs that break down food and absorb nutrients such as glucose?
Here are the choices:
A. circulatory system
B. excretory system
C. digestive system
D. urinary system | The digestive system consists of organs that break down food and absorb nutrients such as glucose. Organs of the digestive system are shown in Figure below . Most of the organs make up the gastrointestinal tract. The rest of the organs are called accessory organs. | C: digestive system. |
What part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
Here are the choices:
A. debis
B. avis
C. iris
D. lens | The iris is the colored part of the eye. It controls the size of the pupil. | C: iris. |
Depending on a tumor’s location, for example, cancer surgeons may be unable to remove it. radiation and chemotherapy are difficult, and it is often impossible to target only the cancer cells. the treatments inevitably destroy this?
Here are the choices:
A. fertility
B. host cells
C. healthy cells
D. carcinogens | Cancer treatments vary depending on the disease’s type and stage. Traditional approaches, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy, aim to remove or kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, but these strategies have their limitations. Depending on a tumor’s location, for example, cancer surgeons may ... | C: healthy cells. |
Sodium is an example of what sort of thing that cannot exist by itself in nature?
Here are the choices:
A. compound
B. aspect
C. concept
D. element | Most of the elements we know about do not exist freely in nature. Sodium cannot be found by itself (unless we prepare it in the laboratory) because it interacts easily with other materials. On the other hand, the element helium does not interact with other elements to any extent. We can isolate helium from natural gas ... | D: element. |
What type of resource is water power?
Here are the choices:
A. renewable
B. biological
C. geothermal
D. nonrenewable | Water power does not burn a fuel. So it causes less pollution than many other kinds of energy. Water power is also a renewable resource. Water keeps flowing downhill. Although we use some of the energy from this movement, we are not using up the water. | A: renewable. |
Which part of the plant is responsible for seed production?
Here are the choices:
A. leaf
B. flower
C. root
D. pistil | B: flower. | |
The two main agents of soil erosion are water and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. steam
B. glaciers
C. wind
D. humidity | The main agents of soil erosion are water and wind. | C: wind. |
What do aggregate fruits like raspberries form from?
Here are the choices:
A. follicles fused together
B. germinoles fused together
C. carpels fused together
D. chloroplast fused together | Figure 32.22 There are four main types of fruits. Simple fruits, such as these nuts, are derived from a single ovary. Aggregate fruits, like raspberries, form from many carpels that fuse together. Multiple fruits, such as pineapple, form from a cluster of flowers called an inflorescence. Accessory fruit, like the apple... | C: carpels fused together. |
What kind of ions are named by adding the suffix -ide to the end?
Here are the choices:
A. particular ions
B. negative ions
C. similar ions
D. positive ions | By gaining an electron, the chlorine atom becomes a chloride ion. It now has more electrons than protons and a charge of -1. Negative ions are named by adding the suffix – ide to the first part of the element name. The symbol for chloride is Cl - . | B: negative ions. |
These resources can be remade quickly, through natural processes
Here are the choices:
A. electric
B. fossil fuel
C. renewable
D. non-renewable | From a human point of view, natural resources can be classified as either renewable or nonrenewable. Renewable resources, such as sunlight and living things, can be remade quickly by natural processes. Nonrenewable resources, such as fossil fuels and soil, cannot be remade or else take millions of years to remake. | C: renewable. |
Inorganic chemical compounds can be broadly classified into two groups: ionic compounds and which other group?
Here are the choices:
A. atomic compounds
B. cellular compounds
C. electromagnetic compounds
D. molecular compounds | Inorganic chemical compounds can be broadly classified into two groups: ionic compounds and molecular compounds. The structure of all ionic compounds is an extended three-dimensional array of alternating positive and negative ions. Since ionic compounds do not take the form of individual molecules, they are represented... | D: molecular compounds. |
Fish are a diverse and interesting group of organisms in what sub-phylum?
Here are the choices:
A. invertebrates
B. organelles
C. mammals
D. vertebrates | If the word fish makes you think of cute little goldfish in a tank, check out the anglerfish pictured in Figure below . It’s also called a black sea devil. Surprisingly, goldfish and angler fish aren’t all that different from each other as far as fish diversity goes. Both fish are placed in the same fish class. Clearly... | D: vertebrates. |
Spinal cord injuries are notoriously difficult to treat because spinal nerves do not do what?
Here are the choices:
A. cover
B. regenerate
C. moisture
D. cartilage | Two planets are on a collision course, heading directly towards each other at 0.250c . A spaceship sent from one planet approaches the second at 0.750c as seen by the second planet. What is the velocity of the ship relative to the first planet? 28. When a missile is shot from one spaceship towards another, it leaves th... | B: regenerate. |
The ratio of displacement to time interval is the average what?
Here are the choices:
A. acceleration
B. speed
C. direction
D. velocity | The velocity of an object can be found from a position vs time graph. On a position vs time graph, the displacement is the vertical separation between two points and the time interval is the horizontal separation. The ratio of displacement to time interval is the average velocity. This ratio is also the slope of the li... | D: velocity. |
What is the modern periodic table based on?
Here are the choices:
A. metallic number
B. element density
C. element mass
D. atomic number | The modern periodic table is based on atomic number. Elements in each period go from metals on the left to metalloids and then nonmetals on the right. Within groups, elements have similar properties. | D: atomic number. |
The needle of a compass is made of what element?
Here are the choices:
A. aluminum
B. nickel
C. tin
D. iron | Calsidyrose. The needle of a compass is made of the element iron . CC BY 2.0. | D: iron. |
What is the process in which the genetic code in mrna is read to make a protein called?
Here are the choices:
A. modification
B. translation
C. splicing
D. expression | Translation is the second part of the central dogma of molecular biology: RNA → Protein . It is the process in which the genetic code in mRNA is read to make a protein. Figure below shows how this happens. After mRNA leaves the nucleus, it moves to a ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins. The ribosome reads the... | B: translation. |
What type of protein speeds up chemical reactions in cells?
Here are the choices:
A. hemoglobin
B. lipids
C. collagen
D. enzyme | Proteins are an essential part of all organisms. They play many roles in living things. Certain proteins provide a scaffolding that maintains the shape of cells (structural proteins). Proteins also make up the majority of muscle tissues. Many proteins are enzymes that speed up chemical reactions in cells. Enzymes inter... | D: enzyme. |
In what part of the lungs is pulmonary gas exchanged?
Here are the choices:
A. bronchi
B. trachea
C. alveoli
D. bronchioles | Pulmonary gas exchange is the exchange of gases between inhaled air and the blood. It occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. Alveoli (singular, alveolus) are grape-like clusters surrounded by networks of thin-walled pulmonary capillaries. After you inhale, there is a greater concentration of oxygen in the alveoli than in ... | C: alveoli. |
What phenomenon occurs when strong winds blow surface water away from shore, allowing deeper water to flow to the surface and take its place?
Here are the choices:
A. tsunami
B. hurricane
C. percolating
D. upwelling | Sometimes deep ocean water rises to the surface. This is called upwelling . The figure below shows why it happens ( Figure below ). Strong winds blow surface water away from shore. This allows deeper water to flow to the surface and take its place. | D: upwelling. |
When does the nucleus divide?
Here are the choices:
A. meiosis
B. photosynthesis
C. epistasis
D. mitosis | The nucleus divides during mitosis, and the cytoplasm divides during cytokinesis. | D: mitosis. |
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