question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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why is a chip on a credit card considered ‘safer’ than swiping the magnetic strip? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Magnetic strips can be much more easily duplicated than the chips. The strip can be duplicated just by reading the swipe, since the data it gives *is* the data it has. The chip, instead, gives an encrypted code based on what you ask it by combining the value you gave it with a secret one it has, and even if you ask it ... | Technology |
How does the chain reaction in a nuclear bomb end? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The key is the massive energy release - that leads to the bomb material being dispersed, disrupting the chain reaction. **It's literally blown apart.** Imagine a room full of people, where one person farting causes 2-3 *nearby* people to fart. Once farting starts, the room smell becomes so odious farters become increas... | Chemistry |
Are there any random interactions/reactions in physics we know of or should we be able to calculate every outcome 100%? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes, there are. The most famous of these is half life. The half life of a substance is how long it takes for 50% of that substance to decay. So, if I have 2kg of a substance that has a half life of 10 minutes, in 10 minutes I will have 1kg left - the remainder will have decayed to a different substance. However, if I h... | Physics |
why do your eyes react quickly to light but slowly to a lack of light? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most of the answers in this thread are completely wrong or only partially correct. Here's the reality of the situation. You have two main types of light receptors-- rods and cones. The way light receptors work is that each receptor has a tiny pigment molecule inside them. When the pigment molecule absorbs a photon of l... | Biology |
When astronauts are in space, they experience weightlessness in "zero gravity." But, the Earth's gravity is strong enough to hold satellites and the moon in orbit. So, what is zero gravity? Why aren't astronauts bound to the closest surface by the Earth's gravity but instead can float? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They aren't really experiencing zero gravity. They're experiencing *most* of the gravity we experience here on the surface. They are floating because while in orbit, they, and the shuttle/station/etc that they are in, are in free fall. It's the same way people float inside the Vomit Comet airplane, they're all falling ... | Physics |
How do chord progressions work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So to understand chord progressions, it really helps to understand how scales work, and how chords are built. So, the easiest way to talk about this is to start with the C major scale. Most scales in western music have 8 notes (or, well, 7 notes and the octave of the 8th) (there are some exceptions). We do C major beca... | Mathematics |
Why are things that are wet with cold water so much harder to dry than those wet with hot water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s all to do with evaporation. The hot water heats up the surface it is on and any friction from a cloth to dry it then causes the water to evaporate. Cold water cools down the surface it is on meaning more friction is needed to get the water to evaporate | Physics |
Why do big things move slowly? (Ex: Giant robots or dinosaurs in movies) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The amount of force it takes to accelerate something scales with the mass...if it's big, it's heavy, and if it's heavy you need more force to move it at the same speed. You \*can\* overcome this by just using a lot more force, but then something called the square-cube law kicks in...the amount of force your muscles can... | Physics |
Today the Koch brothers offered millions of dollars to every congressman who votes against the new health bill. Why did the FBI not immediately arrest them for bribery? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everyone here is missing a lot of key points, and many are flat out wrong. It's not lobbying in a legal sense and it's not a campaign donation. The money being pooled is almost exclusively to be used by 501(c)(4), which are "social welfare organizations". These organizations cannot donate directly to candidates for fed... | Other |
Why does an electronic device occasionally glitch? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two main causes for electronics "glitches". * **Physical Conditions** - things like moisture and heat can and do often effect electronics. Heat especially can cause computers and other electronic devices to fail. Excess heat causes the resistance values of various circuit components to change. Often those com... | Technology |
Why does a sticker slowly peel off, but if it is pulled quickly it tears? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The strength of the sticker's a factor of how much force it can withstand at a given time, while the adhesive keeping it on is generally resistant to a certain amount of total energy. The faster you want to exert energy, the more force it takes, and the more likely you are to exceed the sticker's durability. | Chemistry |
How does the new version of Google Earth create 3D images of places? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's done using photogrammetry. An aircraft flies over the area to be mapped and takes lots of photographs from different angles. Then software processes the images and to identify points that appear in more than one image. From this, the 3D position of those points can be reconstructed. The result is a large number of... | Technology |
What does it mean for the UK Government to ask the Queen to Suspend Parliament? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In Commonwealth countries, the Queen or her representatives (Governors General) are technically the head of state. This gives them fairly broad powers including to open and close the legislative assembly. These powers are generally exercised only at the request of the currently governing party or less commonly at the r... | Other |
Once and for all, is The Pirate Bay legal, and if it isn't how does it remain online? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is no global law covering The Pirate Bay and similar sites. Even if, for example, it's illegal in the USA, it might be legal in Sweden. If there is even a single country where it is legal, it can be hosted in and operated from said country, and then there is no mechanism to take it offline entirely. As for whethe... | Other |
- if women have so little testosterone, how do female bodybuilders and athletes get so much muscle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Muscle development isn't strictly based on hormones. Testosterone does make building muscle easier to do, but working the muscles continuously is going to cause them to bulk up. As others have pointed out, there are also PEDs that can be taken to artificially boost testosterone levels to build up quicker and to a great... | Biology |
Why does a balance sheet have to balance? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Let's say you start fresh and open up a new company, that is a separate legal entity from you. You give it $100 to start out with. If you give it $100 as a loan, then the company has $100 in the bank as cash, ie an asset. But it has to pay you back $100, so its the liability. And the company has no equity, you're balan... | Economics |
How does tolerance to capsaicin work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is a specific protein called TRPV1 which is used by certain pain neurons to detect things like heat, acid and also certain chemicals like capsaicin. Some people are born with a genetic mutation causing less TRPV1 to be produced. This would make it harder to feel pain from these things. A similar effect can also h... | Biology |
What actually is that crust stuff in your eye? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Eye discharge, or "sleep" in your eyes, is a combination of mucus, oil, skin cells and other debris that accumulates in the corner of your eye while you sleep. It can be wet and sticky or dry and crusty, depending on how much of the liquid in the discharge has evaporated. | Biology |
What happens to a cucumber or other food when it's pickled? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pickling is a fermentation process involving lactobacillus bacteria that can tolerate a high salinity environment which kills almost all other micro-organisms. The lactobacilli break down the structure of the cucumber changing its structure and also produce different compounds which change the flavor and increase the a... | Chemistry |
How does the moon appear bigger on some days and smaller on others if its orbit remains the same? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There actually are slight difference in the distance between the Earth and the moon depending over time but you can't see them with the naked eye. The reason the moon sometimes looks bigger is an illusion. When the moon is high in the sky you don't have any nearby objects to compare it to so you only judge it's size ba... | Physics |
How does a mobile phone "try" to find a signal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A mobile phone generally does a couple of things when it is just kinda lounging around: 1. It has to tell the world where it is - this is so that the tower can route incoming calls to the phone. This is done with an amount of power based on its current "status" of connection. So...power consumption here is _variable_, ... | Technology |
Why do infrastructure projects in the United States take longer and cost more in the United States than in Western Europe or Japan? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Politics and systemic inefficiency, in the long and short. So-called states rights represents one of the biggest stumbling blocks to large-scale infrastructure projects. Because of how our political system is structured, one state can effectively kneecap an infrastructure project. The grand scale infrastructure project... | Economics |
why would a company ever go public and accept investor money, which they have to pay back indefinitely, over loaning money, which only has to be paid off with interest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Companies only see the money earned by the initial public offering. (IPO) The money exchanged during further trading does not go to the company, nor does money earned from selling stock come from the company. Stock represents a share of ownership of the company, and if you hold enough of it, you get some level of say i... | Economics |
What happens to the wax when you burn a candle, and why doesn’t the wick burn to ash? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The wax is the fuel. It melts and, well, "wicks" up the wick. The bright flame is the wax burning off of the wick like any liquid fuel would. So the wax is consumed in the burning process. The wick only burns away at the point beyond where the wax burns off, as the liquid wax flowing up it insulates it from the flame. | Chemistry |
How do hard drives save data? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the hard drive is composed of a metal disk that can rotate, and a "head" that can move over the surface of the metal disk. The hard drive "writes" data by using an electromagnet to magentize or de-magnetize spots on the surface of the metal disk. Later, to "read" the data, it can move the head over these same spots, an... | Technology |
How are new viruses formed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They evolve from other viruses. Viruses accumulate tons of mutations at a fairly high rate. They can also assimilate genetic material from other viruses (e.g., when 2 viruses simultaneously infect the same individual). Eventually one (or a combination of) these genetic changes results in a large enough phenotypic chang... | Biology |
When you buy stocks, who are you buying it from? When you sell, who are you selling it to, and can that person say “No thanks, I don’t want to buy it back”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you buy a stocks you are buying it from the first person willing to sell it for the price you are offering. when you sell stocks you are selling it to the first person willing to pay what you was trying to sell it for. And when I say person here, I'm really talking about a person or a group or a company or a fund.... | Economics |
Why is 1 not a prime number? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's mostly because it's a lot more convenient to define it that way, because it makes things shorter to write and clearer. We could have defined prime numbers as including 1, but then basically every theorem about prime numbers would have to exclude them. For example, the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic says (in one... | Mathematics |
Black bars across ones eyes and censorship? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't, really, but it's just enough to satisfy the legal requirements of certain nations or publications to make identification difficult. For various reasons some legal systems require censorship for those who do not give their permission to be published. Therefore, there is a minimum effort required for a publis... | Other |
Why do horses owned by people need their hooves trimmed, and why didn't horses need their hooves trimmed before humans tamed them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Horses owned by humans lead an easy life. Their wild brothers are constantly roaming on rocky ground, looking for a sprig of grass, and galloping over those rocks to get away from predators, or just for the joy of running. The constant activity of a wild horse wears down their hooves. Human-owned horses stand around al... | Biology |
how can the identity of icefrog, someone who makes dota 2, one of the biggest games in the world, be unknown? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some people know who he is, it's just not publicly released. Valve employees know his real identity as does his family and close friends, but at Icefrog's request, they don't reveal who he is. Like how White House officials know who the secret service agents are, and their families probably know somewhat, but for obvio... | Other |
How does A4 paper manufactures compete with each other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's a big part of it, yeah. If they can find a way to keep costs low without compromising on quality, that will tend to help them get more sales. So, how can they keep costs down? A lot of that comes down to efficiency in terms of equipment, process, supply chain, distribution, employees, and so on. Past that, are t... | Economics |
How do astronomers know that the universe is expanding? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A guy called Edwin Hubble noticed that the further away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us. That means that on average everything we see is moving away from everything else. It follows that everything must have been closer together in the past. As far as we know there is no edge to the universe, the star... | Physics |
How does a person hit the right notes when whistling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you throw a ball to someone, you don't take a ruler and measure the distance each time. When you first started playing catch, you didn't usually get it exactly to the target. But after practicing you were able to get get a "feel" for how hard and at what angle you would need to throw it. This "feel" is how experie... | Biology |
Why dont all planets rotate backwards? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You're forgetting about why the objects are accreting in the first place: gravity. The young planetoid isnt simply sweeping through space and cleaning up a cross-section of itself, it's sucking dust and gas down into its gravitational toilet. The dust falling in from external orbits is speeding up towards the star's im... | Physics |
Can anyone explain to me the chain rule? I'm kinda doing some self study ryt now, and i'm having a hard time with it. I think i already have a good background with the basic rules, but i am confused when some problems contains mix rules: < < | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the chain rule is something you use when you want to differentiate "difficult" (nested) equations. you can use it to calculate (x+1)^3 without having to expand it into x^3 +3 x^2 + 3 x + 1 this is one of the easier examples, when you're faced with sqare roots, trigonometric (sin/cos) or exponential functions it is ofte... | Mathematics |
Why does sin^2 + cos^2 =1? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's basically Pythagorean theorem (a^2 + b^2 = c^2 when talking about a triangle with a 90^o angle) hidden in plain sight. If you draw a circle with a radius of 1.00 with its centre at exactly the (0,0) centre of a graph's grid lines, then `cos(angle)` and `sin(angle)` are the `x` and `y` coordinates (respectively) of... | Mathematics |
why does hot water feel so good on poison ivy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heat overloads the nerve network so effectively that the urge to scratch is abolished for hours. Usually you stimulate the nerves through scratching, although that isn't as intense and is more localized than hot water all over your skin. The reason scratching is bad for you is because the friction tears your skin and c... | Biology |
Is there any animal in the wild that dies of old age like humans do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is less likely to happen, and "old age" in the wild is usually younger than in captivity, but there's absolutely no *rule* that says this can't happen. It is absolutely *possible* for an animal to die peacefully of old age in the wild. Note that I assumed you meant an *individual* animal, not an entire species. That... | Biology |
What is the deal will all these drawings called “lo-fi?” It’s pictures of people sitting at desks in front of windows. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is a Youtube channel that streams live lo-fi music. It is intended as a background music for people studying or working. Because it is a live stream video they have added a short loop of an animated Japanese girl reading a book, listening to music while her cat sits in the window sill. This animation have recentl... | Other |
Why does anything to the power zero always equal 1? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 4^4 = 4x4x4x4 = 256 4^3 = 4x4x4 = 4^4 / 4 = 64 4^2 = 4x4 = 4^3 / 4 = 16 4^1 = 4^2 / 4 = 4 4^0 = 4^1 / 4 = 1 4^-^1 = 4^0 / 4 = 1/4 4^-^2 = 4^-^1 / 4 = 1/16 | Mathematics |
why do distant objects appear greyish blue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When objects are far enough away, the same light scattering effect that makes the sky a hazy blue starts making the air between you and the distant object look hazy blue too. This occurs because some of the air molecules in Earth's atmosphere are just the right size to preferentially deflect blue light but pass all the... | Biology |
Why does the moon appear whiter in color as seen from the surface of the Earth than as seen from the surface of the Moon? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is because the exposure of the astronaut's camera was properly set. If you see the moon in the daytime it looks grey because your eyes are adjusted for daylight. At night your irises open and it looks brighter. It still looks grey to me. BTW the fraction of light reflected from an astronomical body is called its alb... | Physics |
How does bailing out massive industries with millions or even trillions of dollars compared to the general population help improve the economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If some big industry goes bust it often has huge knock on effects. For example if airlines go bust this will make it harder for hotels, if they go bust it makes it harder for restaurants and shops that rely on tourism. If these all go bust it's a lot of people suddenly out of work with no obvious way to replace those j... | Economics |
Why is zero divided by zero not zero? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As I understand it, when you divide a number by zero, there is no valid answer to the problem, and therefore it is undefined. When you divide 0 by 0, you run into the exact opposite problem: every answer is correct, as any number multiplied by zero is zero. I believe I saw this on quora once: 0/0= x, so 0x=0. Any value... | Mathematics |
Why does listening to high quality music/binaural audio with earphones/headphones on, some audio channels feels like they are coming from the back or top of your head? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Specifically with binaural audio, the technology can't accommodate everyone's biology. Binaural sound is predicated on using an HRTF, a Head Related Transfer Function, to approximate your pinna, eardrums, their orientation, sensitivity, etc. Basically, the HRTF the recording used as a reference doesn't always line up w... | Biology |
What actually is turbulence and how can you get pockets of it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Turbulence would be anything that causes the air to be less calm than the air around it. This can be caused by two air masses meeting and mixing, wind blowing against a mountain and being redirected, another airplane's wake, storms, or really anything that causes the air to mix around. As for how some is worse, differe... | Earth Science |
What happens above the clouds during a tornado? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mostly turbulent winds that calm down the higher you are above it. Tornados are caused by thunderstorms often characterised with the forming of Cumulonimbus clouds (Referred to in their short code as "Cb" or nicknamed "Charlie Bangers" by pilots) which can rise extremely high in the atmosphere. They can get as high as ... | Other |
How do deep space telescopes work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I assume by "deep space telescope" you mean a wide and stout telescope like [this]( URL_2 ) or even the Hubble telescope. These telescopes are called reflecting telescopes, and they work differently than the long, thin refracting telescopes (which look like [this]( URL_0 )). A *refracting* telescope works like a lookin... | Technology |
What is variance and why in the world would I want to square the "distance" from my mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Variance is how much your range of values vary from a formulaic approximation of all the data. You square the “distance” to remove the sign. If you take the mean minus the data, then data above are negative and data below are positive. This makes comparing how far they are from the mean problematic. So you square then,... | Mathematics |
How did I get burned by superglue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Normally as glue "dires" it actually under goes a chemical change. This change is usually exothermic, meaning releases heat. The reaction rate is a function of several things but the main one in this case is surface area, as it reacts with air to cure. When on your finger the surface is at it normal so the curing happe... | Chemistry |
Why do MMA fighters not look that muscular? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | MMA is based more on being agile and less on being able to do the heaviest thing like body building. You definitely have to be strong, but it is also about technique, skill, and overall athleticism. Also as someone else said, bodybuilders go for that specific look which comes from dehydrating the body. That’s not a hea... | Biology |
Why do people fidget? (like playing with a pencil, shaking their leg, etc) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some people explain fidget behavior as something that is self stimulating, and it's thought of as a behavior that helps to calm or regulate your system if there is a feeling of anxiety. It also can help you to focus. Some students with ADHD find having a fidget to keep their hands busy in class allows them to pay bette... | Other |
why is the Lucas number superior to the fibonacci sequence in terms of calculating the golden ratio? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It cheats. Lucas cheats because it's opening ratio of 2:1 is closer to Phi than Fibonacci's opening ratio of 1:1. Not only that, but Lucas's first two sequence numbers are simply Fibonacci's second two sequence numbers backwards. Almost any starting pair of positive integers added in sequence like Fibonacci can reach P... | Mathematics |
How can the color spectrum be wrapped into a continuous color wheel? How can the highest frequency colors blend into the lowest frequency colors without clashing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because our eyes only detect three colours of light: red, green, and blue. When both red and blue light reaches our eyes but not green, we perceive it as magenta (a bright pinkish purple color). When both red and green light reaches out eyes but not blue, we perceive it as yellow - but what is interesting is that thing... | Physics |
Why does America hold Senate elections every two years? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Senators in the US serve six year terms, and one-third of the seats come up for election every two years. So, not all of the Senate seats are up for reelection at the same time. The members of the House of Representatives serve two year terms, and all 435 of them are up for reelection at the same time, in November of e... | Other |
Why does a hammer deform the material you strike with it, but a mallet does not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Either can deform the material. Imagine hitting play doh with a mallet. However, in general, a hammer will be made of a hard material and a mallet a softer material. When a mallet strikes something, the energy of the impact is absorbed by the material of the mallet. In a hammer, the material is inflexible and does not ... | Physics |
CNN: “Corporate Insiders are selling stock at a pace not seen since 2007.” How is this not insider trading? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Insider trading means that someone buys/sells stock in their own company because of knowledge that isn't publicly available. For example, if a boardgames maker were about to acquire a software company, and neither company had announced this publicly, then for someone from boardgame co to invest in softwareco before the... | Economics |
How do multi-billionaires, such as Elon Musk or Bill Gates, receive and store their money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generally a lot of assets aren't in the form of money, it's in the form of things. Now that doesn't mean that they don't have a few hundred million dollars somewhere, but I wouldn't expect someone to have a trillion dollars in an account. Personally, I would have multiple bank accounts averaging $200,000 as anything be... | Economics |
Why are so many maximum security prisons around large cities? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People (not just guards, but also maintenance people, lawyers, counselors, nurses...) need to get to the prison to work every day. These are not awesome jobs, so if people had to live out in the sticks to work at a prison, you might have trouble finding enough willing candidates. The logistics of getting food, and movi... | Other |
Why do monitors change colors when looking at a different/abnormal angle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The structure that makes up a normal LCD computer monitor isn't flat. If you were able to zoom in on it, and look at it from the perspective of something really really tiny, it's got depth to it, like looking at Manhattan from a helicopter. If you imagine the colours are created by interactions of various layers, all a... | Technology |
How do atomic clocks work as opposed to clocks that are wound by hand? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you have an unlimited supply of BBs in a container. This container has an opening that allows the BBs to stream out at a very fast rate, specifically, 864,000,000 in a day (chosen to make math easy). Now imagine you have a plate below the container that all the BBs land on. This plate can count the BBs as they ... | Physics |
If energy is never lost, where does it go when things go cold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It radiates off into deep space eventually. The average temperature of the universe is -270C and it's unfathomably huge, your little radiator is hopelessly tiny in comparison. Even stars and galaxies are ultimately tiny in comparison, eventually it will all freeze in the somewhat counter-intuitively named "heat death" ... | Physics |
Why/how is centrifugal force not a "real force"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The centrifugal "force" is a product of the centripetal force, which holds you at a given radius from the center. Much like if you imagine sitting in a car and speed up. You will feel like you're being tucked into your seat, but there's no force that's pulling you backwards. Quite the opposite since you're accelerating... | Physics |
in circuits analysis, there is 3 domains, time , frequency and complex frequency, what is the complex frequency?(S domain)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The extra information is the phase of the signal. A example would be if you take a simple sine wave and split it and let it trough a inverter that would be the same as a phase shift of 180 degrees. If you then add the signals together the result would be 0. But just looking ant the signal in frequency domain before and... | Physics |
How do you make the distinction between correlation *actually* equating to causation and when it doesn’t? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Correlation alone is never enough information to know there's causation. You also need time order, you need to rule out other possible explanations for the correlation, and it helps to be able to explain the mechanism (how one thing caused another). To figure this out you do an experiment. If possible, you can do it in... | Other |
What cause stomach to make weird sounds and why is it so loud sometimes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When your stomach is empty or you are hungry, your stomach contracts and makes that sound. This is the body's way of telling you that you need to eat. This also happens when you *have* eaten, because your body is going through the digestive process. Some people also have gastrointestinal issues like irritable bowel syn... | Biology |
is it possible to make it so an ISP can't throttle your network speeds? If so, how? Just preparing for the apocalypse... | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes and no. If you're using end-to-end encryption, they can't tell what you're communicating, but they might just throttle you just because they can't tell. With end to **end** encryption, they can also tell where your endpoint is. Accessing Netflix over HTTPS, they still know that Netflix owns the IP Address you're co... | Technology |
What is Net Neutrality and why is there a lot of controversy surrounding it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Say I run a factory building steel folding chairs. I have my steel imported by rail, on the one rail line that accesses my town. Now, railroads are expensive to lay down, and the ones we have were all built a while ago, and only because the government helped by providing large subsidies and seizing right-of-ways throug... | Technology |
How comes so many recipes call for a baking temperature of 350-400F? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because it is the most compatible temperature for baking pastry, breads etc. Also when baking at 350ºF to 400ºF, chemical reactions and phase changes from liquid to gas happen in a speedy and efficient fashion. For example, cake batters yield fluffy, light, tender cakes, and not flat, chewy disks of cooked dough. | Chemistry |
How is it decided what type of energy is expended when something happens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are really only 2 types of energy transfer. Heat and work. Heat is well...heat energy. This is the energy from the random motion of every molecule or atom in an object. Work is the energy on a larger scale, it's the energy it takes to move an object. In your case, the noise you mentioned would be the work. Becaus... | Physics |
Why were the cities that are capital cities chosen as capitals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In Australia they couldn't decide between Melbourne and Sydney to be the capital. The fight was nearly as big as the Emu war. So what the did was say fuck it and parceled up a bit of land smack in the middle between both cities and called it the Australian Capital Territory and named the Capital City Canberra. It was l... | Other |
Why do humans typically hunch over when in pain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends why you’re in pain. If you have a stomach ache, curling up can take stress and tension off of potentially inflamed organs. However, if you experience acute (sudden) traumatic pain, the fetal position becomes a more defensive action. Peripheral organs and nerves ( bones, muscles, veins, arteries, nerves) in your... | Biology |
why does shower water taste different than faucet water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I would venture a guess and say that if you drank hot tap water it would taste similar. Your building probably has one supply of cold water, and one that is constantly on a heater. The heated water is likely to taste different due to container, pipes and just being heated. | Other |
why does cold remove pain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pain is a result of signals from little receptors on the surface of your body (and mouth) called nerve endings. When you put something cold against those nerve endings, it numbs them and reduces their ability to receive pain signals, essentially by overwhelming them with a "cold" signal. Therefore putting something col... | Biology |
Why does the urge to pee increase the closer you get to a toilet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Without getting into learned behaviors and neurology, one simple explanation is that the bladder contains both voluntary and involuntary muscles. The big muscle that essentially coats the entire bladder to help it expand/contract is involuntary, and you've also got an involuntary "internal urinary sphincter" that acts ... | Biology |
Why does being sick/allergies seem to get worse at night? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It has to do with your body's internal clock, the circadian rhythm. During the day one part of your immune system is more active. But it can't keep this up all the time. so chemical signals that change as the day goes on eventually tells that part of your immune system to rest, and another part to become more active. T... | Biology |
How does one encode data into DNA? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | an inkjet printer embeds short fragments of chemically synthesized DNA onto the surface of a tiny glass chip. To encode a digital file, researchers divide it into tiny blocks of data and convert these data not into the 1s and 0s of typical digital storage media, but rather into DNA’s four-letter alphabet of As, Cs, Gs,... | Technology |
Why does it feel like time goes by faster while one is having fun? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Unfortunately, we don't really know. This is just one of the many great mysteries of the brain. The best theory we seem to have so far is simply that your perception of time is... your perception of time: The more you pay attention to the passage of time, the slower it seems to go. You can test this right now: Watch yo... | Psychology |
Why are there so many rectangles all around us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generally speaking they're easier to design, and, especially in buildings- they are much easier to construct for several reasons: the math is easier (you don't have to mess with pi); the measuring is easier; standard boards and construction materials themselves are usually straight and flat (making it harder to build c... | Other |
When nuclear weapons were added to the US arsenal, why was the ability to launch them given to the President of the United States and not congress? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Constitutionally, (although not really in practice any more), Congress is the sole authority on declarations of war or authorizations of the use of military force, but the President is the commander in chief of the armed forces. Congress can't tell generals what to do and it can't give or veto military orders. A nuclea... | Other |
How does military check for people in radius of atomic weapon test? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The tests were generally done on areas that were under military control with low population densities. E.g., the Nevada Test Site is an Air Force bombing range. In the Pacific tests, this was more of a problem since while you could identify inhabited islands nearby, you could not always control for the seas themselves.... | Technology |
How do metal detectors work? And do they detect ALL metals or just the ones that are used more frequently? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: how do metal detectors work? ]( URL_1 ) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ]( URL_5 ) 1. [ELI5 how do metal detectors work? ]( URL_7 ) 1. [ELI5: How does a metal detector work? ]( URL_4 ) 1. [ELI5: How do metal detectors work? ]( URL_3 ) 1. [ELI5... | Other |
How does stainless steel stay stainless? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So all metals, other than gold really, corrode. That is they react with oxygen to form some sort of metal oxide, which is basically saying the burn very, very slowly. A metal oxide is sort of like a rock or a salt. That's often what the ore we mine it as already is, or similar enough. Let's look at iron. It rusts (corr... | Chemistry |
Why does attraction cloud judgement? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have a reproductive instinct that drives you to breed. It is outranked only by basic survival - the hierarchy of needs (air, water, food, shelter.) Genetically, reproduction is your one and only purpose beyond survival, and even the quality of your attempt (i.e. fitness of mate, personal success) is secondary to an... | Other |
what happens if someone drops to the ground while on a platform? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All you’re doing is accelerating the platform just before impact, and slightly reducing the speed at which you’re falling. It would be extremely slight however unless the drop was very small. In order for this to work you’d need to be able to spring off a falling super heavy platform. With a drop of a few feet you coul... | Physics |
how a pedometer/step counter works? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the old days, pedometers had a little ball that bounced up and down with each step. Nowadays they use piezo-electric crystals. Those are crystals that have a tiny electric charge when they are under stress. As you move, the stress changes, and that change can be detected in the charge. Fitbit themselves have a lot o... | Technology |
How are Scandinavian countries (ie Sweden, Norway) so wealthy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, Norway seems to have particularly notable oil (and mineral gas) resources. And do you know what they do? The oil company is partly-state-owned (Statoil) and they save the vast sums of money for the norwegians of the future. They enjoy a very high standard of living now, so they don't need more (like a permanent s... | Economics |
Why does dry skin appear ashy and white? And what does lotion actually do to fix it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's dead skin that should have fallen off you but is resting on you. It is no longer attached to you so it's not being hydrated and it dries out, giving it the dry powder color. When you shower or lotion you are hydrating it. This just hides it mostly. You know when you take a toothpick and scrape the creases on a rem... | Biology |
Why is it that when you hit snooze and go back to sleep you feel more tired when you wake up again? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sleep has a few different stages. The part of sleep that makes us actually feel rejuvinated and the part that matters in REM sleep. It takes a decent amount of time to get to this point. As your body moves closer to it, things start shutting down more and more, and your body makes you more tired as a result. If you don... | Biology |
Are human brains really blank canvases at birth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No. Evolution has pre-programmed us with a lot of instinctual behaviors to help us survive our first few years of life. These behaviors, such as crying, suckling, etc. are not learned. Additionally, your brain also develops a rough "template" for how you will eventually develop, with a lot of functionality pre-made (ba... | Biology |
How can a company like Amazon never make a profit, and yet it increases in value? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you found a magic box which duplicated money, $1 goes in $2 go out. The only catch it only works once a year. The first year, you borrow every penny you can, maybe $20K, and out comes $40K. You could pay off your debts and walk away with your profits. Or you could borrow even more money, and maybe you put $50K ... | Economics |
Why do schizophrenics seem to only have bad hallucinations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some research suggests that it may be cultural and the hallucinations are not always malignant. > Stanford anthropologist Tanya Luhrmann found that voice-hearing experiences of people with serious psychotic disorders are shaped by local culture – in the United States, the voices are harsh and threatening; in Africa and... | Other |
What is the difference between 4k, UHD, and QHD when talking about monitor resolutions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 4K indicates its 4000 pixels but really means 3840x2160 pixels UHD and QHD are just marketing speak for different resolutions UHD is ultra HD which is the marketing term for 4K QHD is the marketing term for Quad HD, which refers to 2560x1440 being 4 times the resolution then 1280x720 in pixel count. you have High Defin... | Technology |
How do insect and bug species survive the winter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many burrow underground, or into other similar warmer/s’more insulated places. Temperatures underground (in most places) actually stay relatively stable all year long, just going a foot or two down and the ground is warmer (relatively, say slightly above freezing as opposed to blistering cold above.) Then they just go ... | Biology |
How are "jumbo" sunflower seeds made? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It could be either, and you wouldn’t need to genetically modify the plants. Ignoring the taboo around GMOs, we’ve been selectively breeding plants to reduce the size of their seeds for decades, maybe centuries at this point. Watermelons, bananas, grapes: They all used to have large seeds, but now you can easily buy see... | Earth Science |
What is a Lie Group in Mathematics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A Lie Group is a special type of differentiable manifold. That makes a multidimensional space, like the 3 dimensional space inside a room or the 4 dimensional spacetime of our universe. There is no requirement for 3 or 4 dimensions, so if you're a string theorist with a favorite 11 dimensional manifold, it could be a L... | Physics |
why criminals can be released from prison after paying a bail, instead of serving their sentence? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When someone is arrested, they are put into jail for temporary holding until their case reaches court. If you are approved for bail, you get released from jail, normally with conditions, to live at home and continue your life until your case goes to court. They are not cleared of their charges for paying bail, they sim... | Other |
How is gravity both the "strongest and weakest force in the universe"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Gravity is a very weak force, in comparison to the electrical or magnetic forces, on a unit by unit basis. That's why if you set a rock on the sidewalk, gravity tries to pull it to the center of the Earth, but the electrons on the outside of the sidewalk have no problems repelling the electrons on the outside of the we... | Physics |
Why is it so hard to dispose of trash? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The problem with trash is that **nobody wants to spend any money on it**. There are fine, safe, approaches to recycling and storing it. However, none of those things makes money - except aluminum can recycling. So, somebody would have to pay. Local governments don't have money, and raising taxes to process trash more i... | Physics |
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