question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How do we know that there is an unobservable universe beyond the observable universe if we can’t see it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We can't know with 100% certainty, but all evidence points towards the universe being pretty much the same everywhere that we *can* observe, so it would make sense to be pretty much the same where we can't. It is a simpler explanation to say that it simply is infinite and homogenous at large scales (which is consistent... | Physics |
Why is 70 degree F water so much colder than 70 degree F air? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because of the efficiency of heat transfer--when thermal energy moves from something warm to something cooler. In this case, from your 98.7 degree (F) body to the 70 degree air or water. Water is a better conductor than air, so when you get into the water heat escapes/is transferred out of your body at a much fast... | Earth Science |
What is the difference between a personality disorder and a mood disorder? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, our perceptions and definitions of mental illness definitely change and morph over time as we learn new things, so a lot of this stuff isn't exact, but in general: The official understanding of mood disorders is what it says: A disorder of moods. It's generally about "abnormal" emotional reactions, like having ma... | Psychology |
How would we calculate where to go for space travel? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We have enough historical data on how most stars have changed position over the years to have a good understanding of their relative velocities and directions compared to our solar system. With that we can project their positions fairly well into the near future. Presumably any ship we send out will also be capable of ... | Mathematics |
How do they calculate the probability for genetic traits? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First of all it's an unsourced claim, so It's likely bullshit to begin with. If the genes responcible are well known people can use the Hardy-Weinberg equation and similar methods working backwards to calculate how common certain genes are based on how common certain traits are in the population. After you have those n... | Mathematics |
How do ad blocks work, and why can some ads come through on certain sites? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Adblockers have a list of websites and HTML elements within those websites that contain ads. When you load a page, it checks its reference list, and then deletes the elements that contain the ads. If there's an ad in an element that isn't listed, it won't get deleted. Most adblockers have a function where you can add t... | Technology |
Why does the body want to puke after really intense exercise? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The involuntary actions your body does such as your heartbeat, digestion, etc fall under two systems: The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The sympathetic system manages your fight or flight responses. Your parasympathetic manages your rest and digest activities. In general, when one becomes more active the oth... | Biology |
What should I know about money as a teen? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It does NOT matter how much money you make.. it matters how much you spend. I know people who make way more than I make and are living paycheck to paycheck.. they work over 40 hours a week.. just trying to cover their bills. Big house, new car, expensive clothes.. but are constantly stress. Me.. on the other hand... he... | Economics |
How is it possible for a sail-powered boat to travel against--or, for that matter, faster than--the wind? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The intuitive way I describe this concept is a watermelon seed on a table. When you push down on it, it will slip and squirt out to the side much faster than your finger pushed down. This is because the force imparted by your finger was redirected into sideways movement and that movement didn't lessen the force input f... | Physics |
how/why does ambient noise (rain fall) help people fall asleep faster? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Should be noted that it doesn't help everyone fall asleep & is also not fully understood Sound like rainfall, waves crashing on a beach etc are non-threatening sounds at frequencies that soothe our brains & help them to relieve stress These sounds are continuous & or repetitive white noise so our brain can predict them... | Psychology |
How does the bubbles in soap clean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn’t. In the earlier days of modern soap, bubbles were just something that happened naturally and unavoidably. When they started improving on it to where it didn’t have to make bubbles, customers complained that things just didn’t *feel* as clean without the bubbles. So then they started adding bubbles on purpose... | Chemistry |
Why does temperature of food change the taste even when fully cooked? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A bunch of things are happening here. 1) Much of what you "taste" is actually in your nose. Your tongue can resolve sweet, salty, savoury, sour, and bitter. That's it. Your olfactory receptors handle the rest, probing every molecule that wafts from your upper palate into the nasal cavity. Those molecules are very speci... | Chemistry |
The difference between the Secretary of the Treasury and the Treasurer of the US? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The secretary of the treasury is a member of the cabinet and advises the president on economic issues and plays a major role in deciding economic and tax policies. The treasurer oversees the U.S. Mint, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and Fort Knox and may also be an adviser to the secretary. | Other |
Why does algrebra commonly use “x” even though its similar to the “times” symbol? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You won't see "×" used commonly as the symbol for multiplication once you get into math beyond algebra. Multiplication is usually written differently in more advanced mathematics. For example, **5(10a) = b** is a much cleaner way to express **5 × (10 × a) = b** When a multiplication symbol *is* used, it tends to look l... | Mathematics |
Is it possible for there to be a "source code to the universe" that accurately explains and predicts all physical phenomena? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes, there could be something that can explain all physical phenomena although physicists (who are generally the most focused on this question) haven't found it yet. They call this the Grand Unified Theory of Everything. It isn't clear that we are close to figuring it out though although lots of smart people are trying... | Physics |
why does radiation destroy or interupt electronics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ionizing radiation will generate a small electric charge when it hits an atom. So you will get small rouge charges going through the electronics. These will be amplified by the transistors used for the logic and cause it to send a signal where there should not be one. So a zero would become a one or a one would become ... | Technology |
Why does lightning look like it goes upwards instead of downwards? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because lightning does actually go up instead of down. Before a lightning strike (or rather, the discharge - the bit that makes the flash and the bang) happens, what has to happen first is for rogue electrons to form things called "leaders" in the air. These are paths of ionised air. Leaders propagate from the cloud do... | Earth Science |
Why is a ‘well seasoned’ cast iron skillet not considered unhygienic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The "seasoning" that is commonly discussed about cast iron cookware, refers to the baked on coating of oil that has forms a relatively non-stick patina to the surface of the pan. It occurs when this coating of oil is baked at a high enough temperature to carbonize and bond with the pan. This is commonly done at the fac... | Chemistry |
How do people work out the odds for betting? Like I get who is the favourite but how do they decide between 3/1 or 4/1 or even those odds to start with? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The idea for the “house” is to try to set a betting line that will even out the betting. So they are not saying Team A has a certain chance to win, they are telling you how much you have to bet to get a certain payout IF you make the right choice. So lets say Mike Tyson in his prime is fighting Glass Joe. Vegas would t... | Mathematics |
How is the postal service running out of money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Postal Service is an essential public service that is trying to be ran like a business. The post office also has a huge anchor. It must fund and allocate retirement benefits for 75 years. No other business has to do this. Period. So, essentially, they are setting money aside for employees who don't even work there ... | Economics |
What happens at the back of your throat, right before you cry, that makes it feel all tight & painful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Our body has what's called the autonomic nervous system. As its name suggests, its major role is to regulate all of the non-voluntary movements. This includes controlling heart rate, breathing rate, motility of your bowels and so on. You probably have come across it as the "fight or flight" & "rest and digest" response... | Biology |
Why is it for some people common to think involuntarily about their most embarrassing moments when they try to fall asleep? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I read about this the other day, the theory was that the brain needs to process the bad experiences that you have during the day, but most people are far too busy to give your brain the quiet time that it needs to do this. So when you lie down at night the first thing that your brain does is think, whoa quiet time and ... | Other |
Why does stretching certain muscles feel good yet others remain painful even as I gain flexibility? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So flexibility is a a little complicated. You have muscles, tendons, and ligaments, and all three have flexibility. Tendons attach muscle to bone, while ligaments attach bone to bone. If you try and touch your toes with straight legs, you'll probably feel a tightness behind your knees. This is mostly your 'posterior cr... | Biology |
Why does driving 60mph on the highway feel slow like driving 40mph on a normal road? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Size of the highway vs the size of a city street. Buildings and other objects are farther away from you. That causes the illusion of you going the same speed. I don't recommend it, but drive 60mph on the street, and drive 40mph on the highway. You will feel like a slug on the highway, and you will feel like you are goi... | Other |
Why’s it so hard to breathe when there’s strong winds blowing in your face? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Scubadiver here: The reason for this is an instinct most mammals have: To hold your breath underwater. If you get a rush of cold (usually water) on your face, stop trying to breathe. It makes great sense in most situations, and most animals can not mentally override this instinct. When you scubadive, you have to learn ... | Physics |
[X-Post /r/Argentina] What does it mean for a country to have the amount of debt Argentina has? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The raw amount of debt is meaningless, but the debt-to-GDP ratio is much more important. Argentina's debt is rather high for it's GDP, which is concerning. More important, though, is the fact that Argentina has defaulted on it's debt **seven times**, and as a result no one trusts them not to do it again. Hence, no one ... | Economics |
How do countries that have no natural resources and completely rely on import even survive economily? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They buy in raw materials relatively cheaply, add value by manufacturing facilities and expertise , then sell at a profit. Britain used to be known for manufactured goods based on imports from empire/Commonwealth sources. Japan also, they are not well endowed with natural resources, one of the factors leading them into... | Economics |
why does dental care cost so much, even in countries with universal health care? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In Canada Dental care is not covered by the national healthcare plan, so it's one of the few things that still requires insurance to help cover. Others include physio therapy, chiropractors, and prescription drugs. So the question is why? Given that dental care is so important to our health why isn't it covered? Well t... | Economics |
Why are chimpanzees significantly more muscular than humans, despite lower testosterone levels? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Testosterone is simply a growth hormone - when cells detect it, they transcribe certain genes that cause cell division. Testosterone is just one part of that puzzle. Every single protein involved in taking that testosterone signal and causing gene transcription is a gene that can mutate, and there are a *lot* of steps ... | Biology |
How can a computer beat a human at chess? No matter how pro a player is, a computer can always beat him. How? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Being a good strategist at chess basically hinges at how many iterations of the board you can predict. If you're only thinking of the next move, playing against someone experienced you'll always lose basically because they're thinking five or ten moves ahead. A computer program might, for example, be able to look thirt... | Mathematics |
What holds the atoms/molecules of a solid together? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The force that holds the molecules together is the electromagnetic force between nuclei and the electrons in the solid but the exact way this happens depends on what solid you are talking about. For example, although a single salt molecule is electrically neutral, the atoms that make up the molecule are not. The molecu... | Physics |
How were square roots calculated in the first place, before calculators? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You would look them up in a table. The tables were populated by hand calculation. For example, what's the square root of 20? Well, you know it's going to be more than 4 and less than 5, because 16 is 4² and 25 is 5². So you might try 4.5. So then you would square 4.5 and get 20.25. This tells you that the square root o... | Mathematics |
How do people get caught money laundering? What is the paper trail? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lets say you own a spa (legitimate business). You have a lot of cash from your illegitimate business. You fuck with the accounting records to make it look like your business is a lot busier than it is. Your employees don't have to be in on the scam. You actually have 20 people a day using your spa. The books say you ha... | Other |
How does your eyesight get worse? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The varying causes of deterioration: Age: Let's day I paint a house. No matter what paint I use, it will eventually get worn and peel, not looking so good. The paint just doesn't last forever. Genetic stuff: Let's say I'm painting another house. This time, I got a bad batch of paint. No matter what I do, it won't look ... | Biology |
Why are astronauts allowed to do water droplet tricks on the ISS? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pure water isn't conductive - it needs dissolved salts to become conductive. In addition, the air has a certain amount of water content already. These escaped water droplets will eventually evaporate into the air. Furthermore, if the water droplets were able to come into contact with an electric circuit, they would att... | Technology |
Wat is the difference between the strong and weak nuclear forces? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The strong force keeps protons and neutron together. It is mediated by the gluon which is massless and has a very short range. Gluons make quarks attract each other and if you try to separate them the force get stronger unlike electromagnetism and gravity. This is why you can never see a lone quark. The weak force is r... | Physics |
Is it possible to lose weight by having a weekly caloric limit instead of a daily one? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thermodynamics says that as long as your caloric intake is less than the calories you burn, you will lose weight. However, if you eat 14,000 calories on Monday and starve yourself the rest of the week, you're bound to cause some damage to your body and it would be unhealthy. Or it would probably be unhealthy to eat 3,5... | Other |
Why is light frequency generally measured in distance but sound frequency in time (nm vs Hz)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light frequency is also measured in Hz. Light wavelength is measured in nm. Sound wavelength is comparatively huge and unhelpful, so we use Hz, whereas light frequency is a very big number that doesn't mean much so we use nm. It's pretty arbitrary since the units can be interchanged without loss. | Physics |
Why are standard world maps considered to be inaccurate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A globe is definitely accurate. The standard maps are inaccurate because the world is round, and maps are flat. There's no way to project a spherical map on a flat surface without stretching or tearing parts of the map. In the former case you get maps like the [Mercator projection]( URL_1 ) which makes areas closer to ... | Technology |
What does iOS do differently to Android for iPhones to only need 1-2 GB of RAM? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Eyy I actually know the answer to this one (game & app developer with low-level expertise in power and memory management - lots of iOS and Android experience and knowledge). --- Android was built to run Java applications across any processor - X86, ARM, MIPS, due to decisions made on the early days of Android's develop... | Technology |
What is Dnm1l progressive mitochondrial disease? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Even more simplified: your cells have small things in them called mitochondria, which are necessary. When your cells divide (which happens frequently, throughout your body), the mitochondria divide, too, so each cell has the right number. In your poor niece, the mitochondria are defective. This means that the new cells... | Other |
How is glass an isolator but fibreglass is used for e.g. fast internet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fiber-optic internet doesn't use electricity, it uses light. A thin glass fiber will keep a beam of light within itself over long distances, and the signal travels at the speed of light. So electric data is turned into flashes of light at one end, transmitted, and re-translated into an electronic signal at the other en... | Technology |
What is the difference between bacteria and bacterial spores? And in relation to cooking: Why aren’t spores killed by the heat that kills bacteria, and are they more/less/as dangerous as bacteria? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fermentation enthusiast here. My understanding is that spores are essentially the bacteria’s version of a seed or egg, which they use to reproduce. Like a seed, these spores are less developed and so may survive conditions that kill the organism that created them. The spores themselves are generally only dangerous beca... | Biology |
Why do people lose their voice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Voice is the result of moving air past muscles and tissues that restrict and interact with the air. Losing your voice is because these muscles and tissues are not entirely working. They may be fatigued, stretched, inflamed, stiff, or otherwise impaired. If you can whistle, you can reproduce this by trying to whistle wi... | Biology |
How come math teachers don't teach how to calculate square roots by hand and this operation is not considered useful after learning how to square a number? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Various reasons: * You need to add/subtract/multiply a lot more commonly. So it makes sense to teach you how to do that by hand. * Add/subtract/multiply have relatively fast methods to get the answer * MAJOR REASON: Square roots are almost always irrational (have unending, unrepeating decimals). It's pointless to try t... | Mathematics |
How does an electrical wave between neurons become conscious thought? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You're asking for an ELI5 that no one has an answer to because nobody really knows how consciousness arises. Some are convinced consciousness is just like a computer and AI will be attainable, but the problems are considerable, and it's not clear it's even solvable. See [Philosophy of Mind]( URL_0 ). | Biology |
When you cry why is it your nose becomes either incredibly runny or stuffy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because your eyes and nose are connected by a small tube called the naso-lacrymal duct. It allows tears to pass from the centre of the eyes into the nose. The extra fluid in the nose then combines with the mucus making your nose run, or at the very least a bit stuffy. To expand a little: there is a similar tube, c... | Biology |
What force is creating new spacetime (and at an accelerating pace)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dark energy is what causes the expansion. We aren't completely sure what dark energy is. It could be a result of how gravity works or it could be its own new force. Either way from what we can tell is empty space contains dark energy at a constant energy density. This means as new space is created so is new dark energy... | Physics |
How do celebrities protect their private information (address, phone number) from public records data-harvesting sites like Radaris? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They have lawyers & security companies they pay top dollar to help keep their information wiped from those databases. Also, they aren't giving out their information as frequently as we are. Our info gets out there when we sign up for accounts, online profiles, etc. Celebrities typically use the address of their law fir... | Other |
When you take off a hat, why does it sometimes feel like the hat is still there? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Much of the feeling of wearing a hat comes from the mass of the hat pushing down on the hair, which is connected to the scalp and rooted in a follicle. There are sensory receptors on the skin all the way down to where the hair connects. The mass of a hat pushes the top part of the hair. This is felt by the sensory rece... | Biology |
Why does ice crack when we put it in water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water freezes into ice at 0 degrees, and melts to liquid between that and around 100, and then it enters gas phase above 100. Some people get confused by this, because the mechanism used to explain why ice cracks in water is differential expansion. You expand the ice crystal on the outside faster than the inside and so... | Chemistry |
How can blackholes warp time? What is time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | *Age* is a measurement of how old something is. Time is a measurement of the rate of change. An object's "time" is also described relative to another thing's "time". Time and space are (as far as we know) bound together and inseparable. If an object is massive enough to distort space it will also distort time. A black ... | Physics |
what happens to a candles wax when it burns and “disappears” I realize that smell molecules disperse into the air, and we smell them but what of the wax? What does it turn into and does it also disperse and leave a invisible residue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The wax turned to liquid "near" the flame, then turns to "vapor" once the temperature gets high enough. A chemical reaction takes place while the wax is in the vapor state. The result of the chemical reaction is heat (the flame), light (again, the flame), and the rest of the reaction turns to carbon monoxide, carbon di... | Chemistry |
Why do payroll direct deposits happen at odd times in the middle of the night, when banks are closed across the country? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two reasons. First, historically computers were expensive and fairly slow. So updating say 10,000 accounts (or many multiple times that) would take a while to do, so doing it overnight was a good idea, especially since nobody else was running a job on said computer at the time. Secondly it's much easier to ke... | Economics |
Why do some surfaces retain fingertips better than others? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Our skin contains sebaceous glands that produces oil naturally. And the surfaces which are smooth enough for the oils in the ridges of our fingers i.e., fingerprint to transfer onto, then the surface would retain fingerprints better. For instance, a phone with a glass back retains more fingerprints than that with an al... | Chemistry |
Why do our voices change and get higher when we talk to a baby or a cute animal (like a puppy)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We're not 100% sure on that one, but it is apparently a cultural thing. Not all cultures do this, some don't change tone of voice around children while others completely ignore babies and don't talk to them. So it appears to be a learned behavior. One theory states that we change our pitch around children because women... | Biology |
When i'm wearing headphones and I remove the cord from the device, I hear a static. What exactly is happening there? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are small voltages involved in sending an audio signal to your headphones. So when you pull the plug out you are disconnecting an electrical circuit. In the split second the resistance is spiking as the voltage tries to connect to push across the air gap. It's not enough voltage to "arc" electrically but it's ess... | Technology |
what is Ngnix ? when and why should you use it for your app? And how would you integrate it with the cloud-hosting services such as heroku? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is a solution to the C10K problem. With a typical web server, each HTTP request is a thread, and most computers start have serious performance problems once they reach a certain number of threads (sometimes, but not always about 10,000 threads). At that point, you need more web servers, no matter how big and strong ... | Technology |
Why can't we take the same techniques used to cancel sound waves, and apply it to light waves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light waves do cancel just like sound waves, that's what makes the pattern in the double slit experiment, but you have to be spot on with the alignment to cancel Sound moves far slower than electronics process so a microphone on the outside can record a sound, flip it around, and be ready to feed it to the speaker befo... | Physics |
What determines a material’s propensity to scratch or get pierced? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hardness, which is the inherent property of something that determines whether or not it will deform to stress. For example, diamond is something that is considered very hard because it is difficult to get it to deform when stress is applied. Our skin, while not hard does have other properties like elasticity that allow... | Physics |
Why is that only humans, dolphins, elephants, chimpanzees, and magpies can recognize themselves in the mirror and not any of the other 99.999999% of species? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It requires two fairly big cognitive jumps. The first is having a 'theory of mind', meaning you can look at other creatures not just as 'stuff happening around you' but actual thinking organisms and understand 'oh, that other dolphin is doing x because it wants y'. Then on top of that you have to be somewhat self aware... | Biology |
How does rolling something between your hands produce an almost perfect sphere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine starting with a cube-shaped chunk of play-doh and rolling it in your hands. The corners get smushed, because they stick out. There are still some edges that stick out though. If you roll carefully, you'll eventually smush down all the corners and edges without making new ones. A shape that doesn't have ANY corn... | Physics |
how do you use a derivative? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Derivative is the rate of change. So if you go 5 m/s one second, 7 m/s the next second, 9 m/s the second after that, the derivative of your speed is 2 (or, rather, acceleration is the derivative of speed). The rate of change of a constant function (such as C) is 0, because constant function doesn't change. The rate of ... | Mathematics |
What improves/changes between versions of Ethernet wires? (i.e. cat6, cat5e) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | These standards are based on various characteristics. Such as impedance tolerances, resistance and cross talk between pairs. The higher the category the stricter the specification. So a damaged category 6 cable might only test as a category 5e cable. The way you get these better cables is both stricter manufacturing to... | Technology |
If the moon decided it had enough and kamikazed straight into the sun, what effects might we expect? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Funny question. The sun wouldn't feel anything, but Earth would have an issue with the change in local gravitation. There would be earthquakes, tsunamis and so forth and earth's rotational energy might take a hit too. Once it's out of the vicinity, we'd see rises in temperature due to the lack of "stirring", the moveme... | Physics |
If hot water rises, why does ice form on the top of water than the bottom? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water is different from most substances because when it freezes, it does so in a crystal structure. That is, the water molecules form a specific shape with a lot of empty space in between, meaning ice is actually lighter than water. The reason that hot water rises is simply because its less dense or lighter than cold w... | Chemistry |
What was the big controversy over Margret Thatcher and her time in "power", and why she is so devisive? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thatcher belonged to the Conservative party, the UK's equivalent to the Republican party. She cut taxes, but she also cut public assistance programs. She also did a lot to break the power of unions. It often seemed like she was more interested in the abstract health of the economy than protecting the most vulnerable of... | Other |
why isn't it that people start their own one person insurance companies with their savings as payout money, and only insure themselves to avoid paying premiums? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you have $3,000 in savings, it's not going to do much when you need life-saving heart surgery that costs $700,000, or when your toaster burns down an apartment building causing $350,000 in damages. "Paying yourself" the monthly premiums isn't going to do anything either. If you do have a lot of money on hand, you do... | Economics |
Jalapenos make my mouth burn, but wasabi makes my nose burn. Why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Jalapeños burn with a compound called capsaicin. This activates heat receptors on contact, which is why it doesn’t just burn your mouth Wasabi and horseradish, on the other hand, get their burn from isothiocyanates, compounds which are very aromatic, meaning they easily evaporate. These compounds are only released by g... | Biology |
Where does the energy come from that keeps the earth's core molten? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's largely residual energy from the creation of the planet. There is some radioactive decay in addition. Given enough time, the heat will leak out and it'll solidify. Mars has solidified already because it's half the size of Earth. As a result it has no magnetic field, which means the solar wind is slowly stripping t... | Physics |
How come we wake up when we turn "that" corner right before home? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The only thing I've ever been able to put it down to is that you will have been driving a long distance in order to fall asleep so mainly on fast roads. As you approach home you will change to smaller roads with more stopping/starting causing you to move around more and the engine noise will change. | Biology |
Why does salt kill snails? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the salt extracts moisture from the snail. snails "skin" is a thin membrane which is very permeable to liquid. this one of the reasons why they are slimy. when you put salt on your skin it also sucks out water, but much slower. for a snail this happens very quickly, resulting in their death. | Chemistry |
How did people thousands of years ago deal with food poisoning? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They often didn't. Foodborne illness was and is a major cause of death in areas without modern sanitation. But it wasn't as bad as you'd think for a few reasons. You weren't eating the beef of a cow slaughtered halfway around the world after being raised in a dirty industrial farm, you were eating the beef of a cow sla... | Earth Science |
How is purple a mixture of red and blue if red doesn’t get anywhere near blue on the color spectrum? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Purple doesn't exist in the light spectrum at all. The reason you see it has to do with how your eyes see color. Your eyes have three different types of cells that respond to color (cones): one that responds best to red but will also respond to things around red on the light spectrum, one that responds best to blue, an... | Physics |
How is gerrymandering even possible? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Counties have varying populations. Take Texas - it has counties with several million people and counties with barely more than 100 people. For things like US House of Representatives seats there’s a few hundred thousand residents per seat, so counties like Harris County (pop. 4million) would need to be split while coun... | Other |
i dont understand porch piracy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It costs extra for "signature on delivery" or "registered" services. If nobody is home typically it will be taken back to the depot. Often when you order items online it doesn't include the option for signature on delivery. The default is usually to leave it but with some services you can leave alternative instructions... | Other |
Why do computers beep? What causes the noise, and what made beeps the universal sound of computer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are made by a tiny speaker, either on the motherboard of the device itself, or in the case itself (wired to the motherboard). Originally, beeps were used because they are very easy to create. Run voltage through a speaker wire at a specific wavelength and, bam, a beep. Much, much easier to do than complicated soun... | Technology |
How do hackers find holes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "Professional programmers" make mistakes all the time, because there is far more need for people who can code even fairly badly than there are people who are good at it. Companies will sometimes spend tens of thousands of dollars in sourcing costs to find one mediocre software engineer. There are certainly common appro... | Technology |
Why does the second shampoo lather up so much more than the first? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Typically oil and water will not mix. Hair can be filled with oil from your body, especially after a few days of not washing it. The purpose of soap is to help oil and water mix together so the water can wash it away. The first application of soap will have a lot of oil to work with. This will "use up" the soap and mak... | Chemistry |
How are humans able to form a bond/friendship with nearly any animal on earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We’re not. We’re able to form bonds with a tiny percent of animals on earth considering there are over 9 million species of animals. The ones we do form bonds with are social mammals, like ourselves. These animals are used to living among a group and cooperating with each other. So when we offer them food and shelter, ... | Other |
How does a measurement device use significant figures to measure something? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The point of significant figures is for error purposes. If you’re using a ruler that is only marked along the inches and not half inches or lower for example, what do you do if the actual length of the object is 7.5436 inches? The best you can do using the instrument is say that it’s 8 inches long, but that’s not quite... | Chemistry |
What is the difference between sell by dates, best if used by dates, and expiration dates on food products? Why do different foods use a different date type? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sell by date- this is when the store should remove the product. This is often erring on the side of caution. Best by date- when a product's freshness begins to drop. Your food should still be good for a period of time afterwards. Expiration date- your product is inedible once this date has been reached. | Other |
Why does orange juice taste awful after brushing your teeth ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Brushing teeth causes your taste buds in the tongue to be hightened (to be more sensitive). This increases the intensity of flavors and usually creates a bad taste for almost every food. Orange juice has both sweet and bitter(because of the pulp) flavor but the sweetness is usually dominant and clouds bitter taste. Aft... | Chemistry |
Why are radio commercials arranged into large blocks instead of being spaced out? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because large radios have more commercials than the smaller/local radios, in my country law is that in one hour you can have 12 minutes of comercials. So, it is stupid split to play one song/one commercial,perhaps is better to play 3 songs and then 3 commercials, or maybe more, in that 12 minutes you can have like 36 c... | Economics |
Why can’t/don’t ATMs give you money in denominations smaller than $20 these days? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's how they are setup . Every ATM has canisters in them filled with cash and only so much can fit in them so the people who own the ATMs decide to put only 20s in there so they can fit more money in there. The ATM at my old job had one that only gave 20s and 1s for the vending machines. It's also easier for independe... | Technology |
What prevents us from using vector audio files? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Its been a while since I took this in school, so what Ill say is very much "I remember I should know this but I've been writing software since so what do I know"... What you describe is possible, in fact it kindof is pretty much what is going on in digital music sampling. Modern A2D (and the reverse is true with D2A) c... | Mathematics |
- How do you interpret R values? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It means that X and Y move in the same direction 55% of the time. It DOES NOT mean that if X move up by 1, Y moves up by 0.55. It is a common source of confusion As an example, if you have the X that moves always up 1 And the Y always moves up by 0.55, the correlation would be 1. | Mathematics |
How do airlines calculate ticket prices? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Airline ticket pricing is determined by a complex algorithm that takes account of a lot of factors, but is mostly driven by history. airlines have sold a lot of tickets, and I mean a lot of tickets, over the years. They have every bit of data associated with the selling of those tickets. The date they were sold, the da... | Other |
How do big Youtube channels make enough money to pay all their employees? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | TL;DR they make a lot of money outside of YouTube Ad’s/Google AdSense. This additional revenue comes from outside advertisers, and donations. They make quite a bit of money from outside sponsorship/advertisers. Surely you’ve seen a video about URL_0 or Harry’s Razors or Dollar Shave Club or Blue Apron.... those compani... | Economics |
Why do we have both coal and oil? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Coal is pretty much fossilized prehistoric trees and other forest plants. Before bacteria and fungus evolved the ability to breadown the lignen and cell walls of trees, the forest floor was covered with piles of dead trees. Those trees became buried under dirt and eventually with heat, pressure and time became coal Oil... | Chemistry |
How do bailouts work? Like the one in 2008 during the housing crisis. How do they help (or supposedly help)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To start, the 2008 recessions is agreed to have mostly been caused by the subprime lending crisis, in which banks would give out mortgages to people that they knew would not be able to afford to pay them. They would then take these risky investments and figuratively chop them up and package them with other investments ... | Other |
On USA Taxes, how much do you need to donate to charity to receive more than the standard deduction? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The standard deduction for most single people is $6300. In most cases, they should itemize if their itemized deductions are more than that. One way to do that would be to donate more than $6300, of course, but people can also deduct sales taxes or state and local income tax, as well as their mortgage interest, real est... | Economics |
Why do stores such as Costco have giant fans at the entrance doors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's called an [air curtain]( URL_0 ) > Air Curtains 101: An air curtain, also known as an air door, employs a controlled stream of air aimed across an opening to create an air seal. This seal separates different environments while allowing a smooth, unhindered flow of traffic and unobstructed vision through the openin... | Other |
If viruses aren't "alive" then why do they self replicate at all? Wouldnt they just be some random nonliving microscopic thing of DNA? Did they feel the universal urge to multiply? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Computer code replicates too (viruses on computers). The act of replication doesn't require desire. If the chemistry/physics just do happen to line up in self perpetuating systems, you get replication. It's like how snowflakes are pretty and symmetrical. They didn't want to be symmetrical, the chemistry and physics jus... | Biology |
What is bruising and why does it seem like some bodies bruise easier than others? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A bruise is basically a little trapped blood uner the skin. Whwn you gst hurt be it a bump or falling over, you sometimes burst the capillaries (tiny blood vessels) and bleed a little. You can tell how old the bruise is by the colour. Fresh is purple and blue and older is green and yellow. | Biology |
Why does drag on an aircraft reduce after breaking the sound barrier? Why doesn't drag just keep increasing the faster you go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the most basic sense, it boils down to two main factors; shockwaves and turbulence. At near-supersonic speed, shockwaves form around the aeroplane wing. Like any wave they require energy to occur and this is taken from the aircraft, which then needs to produce more energy to break the sound barrier. This is consider... | Physics |
Why is having a trade deficit or a fiscal deficit bad? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It isn't. [Here is a poll of ivy league level economics professors on the subject]( URL_2 ) This is one of the most egregious areas of ignorance of the President, your average sophmore economics student knows this. The trade balance is the result of capital flows (the difference between savings and investment in an eco... | Economics |
How much capacity of a storage device can be lost to formatting before I'm being ripped off? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Filesystems aren't just like a big book of blank pages with stuff to be written in them. They're a complicated system of indexes, pointers and cross-references which are designed so that you can quickly find, add/append to, and delete different paragraphs and pages of the book in whatever completely random order you li... | Technology |
Why do we like music? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We honestly don't know, but it is culturally universal. Clearly humans feel some connection to it that animals and other biological organisms do not in the same way. Perhaps some could claim it's a form of mate attraction, similar to birds singing or whatever, as it does tend to have that effect, as does many human act... | Biology |
how can music make us feel so many different emotions if it's all just sound waves? Why do major progressions make us happy and minor progressions make us sad? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I can't speak to the overall phenomenon, but "just sound waves" have been extremely important to humanity (and nearly every other non-microscopic species) thus far, so much so that we evolved ears and dedicated a portion of our brains to process and interpret them... Imagine you hear a tiger roar... or thunder from a l... | Physics |
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