question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why does boiling oil burst into large flames when water is poured in it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water doesn't cause it to burst into flames, but it *does* make the oil explode out of the pot. Since the pot is likely to be over a flame and oil is very flammable, oil flying everywhere over a flame will quickly burst into flame. Oil is less dense than water, so the water sinks down to the bottom of the pot. Oil can ... | Chemistry |
Why do our voices sound different on video, than we hear them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your vocal chords are internal to your body. This means that the vibration not only propagate thru your mouth opening but also thru your own body. This means that not only you are hearing yourself but are also "feeling" your voice from the inside. Listening to a external device that reproduce your own voice is differen... | Biology |
What are capital gains taxes and what do they do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The capital gains tax is a government fee on the profit made from selling certain types of assets. These include stock investments or real estate property. A capital gain is calculated as the total sale price minus the original cost of an asset. So tax is only paid on the *profit* made from the sale of the asset. It's ... | Economics |
If our butts are passageways for waste products, how come we can shove medicine into it as alternative for oral administation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, lets run through how you eat and digest. 1. You chew. This breaks down food into small chunks and helps compress the food. 2. You swallow. This moves the food from your mouth to a tube in your neck and upper chest called the esophagus 3. You swallow (more). This moves the food through your esophagus, to compress ... | Biology |
Does the immune system get weak or “rusty” having not had to fight off human spread infections for over a year while in quarantine? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It really depends upon the organism being bacteria or virus. Nobody knows how long Covid-19 vaccines will offer immunity, yet. Also different vaccines will vary. Chicken Pox vaccine (varicella) lasts \~40-50 years, then immunity lessens, that's why there is a Shingles vaccine for elders. Measles last your lifetime. Tet... | Biology |
Why are most people right-handed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the 1980s, neurologists at Harvard proposed an answer. Most lefties, they suggested, are just righties whose specialized brain centers have been reversed in the womb by abnormally high levels of testosterone. The concept has a faintly medieval ring: The word left is derived from the Old English lyft, meaning "weak" ... | Biology |
Why are humans so comfortable staying at the same place and not leaving their 'comfort zone' while exploring new things is more exciting and gives us so much dopamine and adrenaline rush, which is supposed to make us happier and life less boring? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It isn't a question of comfort so much as the need to eat. Most people have enough to do to keep a roof over their heads and food on their table. There haven't been many poor explorers in history - most coime from affluent backgrounds and can afford to fund their "exciting" lives. The poorer you are, the less you can a... | Psychology |
Why do sports bars have captions turned off when they have TVs on with the sound off? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | CC for sports is going to be a play by play that isn't at all synced up to what's actually happening and it's a big black box randomly positioned that will likely block some part of the image. Also most sports bars have a switching system setup so they can adjust which audio is going to be live, the better ones adjust ... | Technology |
- Why are 5G speeds worse than LTE when industry has been praising how fast we’d be surfing with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because its not really fully developed yet... the u.s. and china have been in a race to both develop it peoperly... naturally since we havent been able to the cell peoviders released a "5g" network that doesnt really work at the same speeds... in short... your 5G signal is nothing more than 4g. LTE with a different bra... | Technology |
How much math should a physicist know? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most STEM people know the math they need to for their area expertise + a little more. Mathematicians and physicists are the same way. Physicists need lots of calculus, linear algebra, probability, statistics, programming skills, knowledge of differential equations, and so forth. The physicist learns additional math as ... | Physics |
Why do most AAA games servers fail at launch? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Unfortunately the response you don't want is the correct response. Even AAA companies can only stress test a server up to a few hundred people. Even back when centralized server based games were new (late 90s), server instability during major launches were common. As to why they don't go big and scale down: money. It's... | Other |
What determines a company's stock price and how can you tell if it's over or under valued? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So, a share of stock means you own some fraction of a company. The value of the company is the total price of all the shares put together. So, stock price is directly related to what a company is worth. What makes a company worth something? Profits and assets. The value of a company is basically determined by how much ... | Economics |
How did the Spanish Flu end in 1919/1920? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Viruses mutate and evolve. Over time it evolved to be less deadly. More and more people survived catching it and developed immunity to it. Immunity can be passed onto offspring somewhat and so children born could already have some immunity to it either preventing them from catching it or making it so they could survive... | Other |
If distant galaxies are moving away faster than those close to us, will we ever reach them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The furthest identified galaxy, GN-z11, is ~13.4 billion light years away. Due to the current expansion of the universe, if you left today traveling at the speed of light you would arrive in about 32 billion yers. It is very unlikely we will ever reach them barring some presently purely hypothetical method of transport... | Physics |
"Too much oxygen things go boom" It means Oxygen can be used as fuel like a gas stove, or lighters, or that some mundane things like clothes/footwear can ignite from friction in a concentrated oxygen room? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Too much oxygen means that things we don't normally think of as explosive or even flammable, things like metal, can burn or explode. Stuff burns because it combines with oxygen. Normally, air is only 20% oxygen, and the more oxygen you provide, the easier and faster it burns. If you use pure oxygen at high pressure, he... | Chemistry |
How does an LED change colors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A color changing LED isn't one LED in a package but three LEDs along with a small computer to drive them. The LED is made up of red, green and blue LEDs each of which can be controlled by a microcontroller. Since the two legs on the LED that supply the power are connected to the microcontroller and not the LED elements... | Technology |
How do mold/mildew resistant shower curtains work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's all down to the material the curtain is made from and waterproofing chemicals. Synthetic fiber, Nylon, and Polyester curtains with high thread/fiber count have natural water resistance because of the properties of the fibers and how tightly woven they are together that sheds off water rather than absorbing it. Low... | Chemistry |
Why Does Alcohol Destroy Tree Sap So Easily? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alcohol is a good organic solvent. This means it's good at grabbing onto other organic snot like oils or tree resin and pulling it off of whatever surface it was sticking to. It basically washes oils/sap off like water does with dirt - except due to how the molecules are structured, water cannot grab onto oil but alcoh... | Chemistry |
Why does the same sound at the same volume sound louder when there's more of them? eg: choirs | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | **Twenty** tone generators all of the same configuration, generating the same tone and at the same energy level, placed next to each other will of course sound louder than **one** of those tone generators, because **there's more energy generating those tones**. But that's so obvious that I must be misunderstanding your... | Physics |
What are numbers and why do they do such a good job of explaining the universe? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Great question. For starters numbers are an abstraction. In reality, things just are. There is no number, because there are no category of things that can be repeated. No apple is truly the same as another and therefore a person cannot have more than one of anything. The real world is infinite in its complexity. Howeve... | Mathematics |
Why can’t we treat Cancer with organ transplants? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For one thing, a lot of the places we get cancer we do not know how to transplant. For example, if you get brain cancer, you cannot get a brain transplant - we just don't have the ability. Another point is that cancer often metastasizes, and this is what makes it deadliest. Metastasizing is just a fancy way of saying i... | Biology |
Oxygen supplies are running out in California, oxygen is everywhere, how hard is it to make more? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | However hard or easy it is, it requires time to do. So if the pure oxygen is being consumed faster than it is being produced, you will have a shortage. Also important to factor is that the pure oxygen is available, just not in those specific locations having a shortage. They don't make it on site, it's made elsewhere a... | Chemistry |
What are "natural flavors" in food products? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lets say I want to make almond flavored cookies. I can grind up a bunch of almonds for that, but to get the flavor I'm looking for, my cookie will be pretty much just crushed almonds. What I want is just the chemical responsible for the almond flavor. Then I can add a tiny drop of it and have my cookies taste as strong... | Chemistry |
how can one speaker produce multiple sounds at the same time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The sound your ears hear and the brain processes is always a combined waveform of many sounds all at different frequencies and pitch. The brain the processes them and can pick out timbre, pitch, and volume and deconstruct them so you can pick out the violin or trumpet from an orchestra separately. A speaker is doing th... | Technology |
How do computers play Chess? Is it a near infinite web of decisions that each have a probability of success associated to them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a lot of possible games, yes, but there are only a finite number. Further, there's only a finite number of legal moves that can be made at any given time. Computers will follow a set of moves and the possible counter moves, analyzing both the value of a move and the probability of a counter-move. Low value an... | Technology |
Why do many beginner physics problems involving inclined planes use a 57° angle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | My previous comment got removed by the automod for being to short, so I guess I will elaborate. 57.3 degrees = 1 radian. Degrees are a pretty arbitrary way of defining an angle. Radians are more useful in scientific contexts as they have an easy interpretation based on arc length. Take a circle of radius one. The arc o... | Physics |
What would it be like swimming in zero gravity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not in the way you're used to. In zero gravity, water will tend to pull itself into a floating sphere, unless it's completely contained, in which case you wouldn't have a surface to enter through. In a sphere of water, nothing would float, there's no up or down. Kicking and pushing will still move you through the water... | Physics |
Why is CPR for drowning different than CPR for people who collapse from heart problems? e.g rescue breaths are recommended for one but not the other. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you drown, you're drastically decreasing the available oxygen in your body/lungs as it all gets spent as you suffocate. When you collapse from heart problems, you tend to have available oxygen still in your lungs, as well as in your blood, so the priority of CPR is to circulate the blood until emergency response g... | Biology |
Why are both the derivative and integral of e^x e^x? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Here's one way to look at it: If y(x)=e^x , then y'(x) is a function that gives the slope of e^x at any x. In the case of y(x)=e^x , the function that gives the slope is e^x ! That means that at any point on the line given by y=e^x , the value of y is *also* the slope of the line. | Mathematics |
Why does white light contain all colors of the spectrum, but when you combine every color you get black? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pigment is subtractive, in that when you add pigment together, you subtract the wavelengths of light that can be reflected. At some point, you add enough pigment together that you have subtracted every wavelength of light as it hits the combination of pigment, so what you see is black (obviously you aren't absorbing 10... | Physics |
Do animals somehow know and sense that other animals are an entirely different species? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Animals covers a lot of ground, and what a border collie knows and what a turtle knows is likely to be a huge difference. Let's just pick on dogs, as dogs and humans have been working together for many centuries. Dogs have excellent scent and hearing. They can clearly tell "your car" from "another car" through sound al... | Biology |
What is the differences between those car "models"; roadster, spyder, convertible and cabriolet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A roadster, spider, or spyder (all the same thing) was originally a two-seat, open-topped sports car. The term is often used for closed-top two-seaters with sporty styling or high performance models of small cars. Convertible and cabriolet are the same thing. A car with a folding top. Cabriolet is more often used in Eu... | Technology |
what makes quartz crystals so useful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One major aspect of quartz is that it is piezoelectric. This is when a material will produce a tiny amount of electricity when deformed by physical force. Such a behavior is very useful in things like sensors for microphones, guitar pickups, and ultrasound sensors for medical imaging. Another major use is that the piez... | Chemistry |
What exactly happens when one goes into shock and how is it treated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When the body goes into shock it basically thinks it's dying so it starts to pull all the blood from the extremities into the core (chest and abdomen). Shock is usually caused by loss of blood pressure (due to loss of blood, or something else) therefore the heart also starts pumping faster which can lead to tachycardia... | Biology |
Why was white straight male historically the default for management/leaders & when did this start? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well you can't say that "leaders" have been "historically" white or male. All cultures - from any ethnicity - have leadership figures, men and women, and often entire power structures are matriarchal. If you're talking about modern, Westernised corporate culture, it's simply down the the fact that anyone who wasn't a s... | Other |
Why does the heart not grow bigger with use, like every other muscle in your body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't need to, and that would have negative effects like lowering blood pressure. The heart is made of *cardiac muscle*, different from most other muscles, and what happens instead is it gets stronger as you exercise, which means it pumps more blood per beat, so it ends up that the heart works less for the same ef... | Biology |
How is it possible for panic attacks to manifest similar symptoms to a heart attack if there aren't any other underlying health factors present? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That is essentially due to stress. When you are normally stressed, your body create stress hormones which make you more receptive to danger, more reactive, make you feel fear, and prepare your muscles to an intensr activity (if you need to run away). It's totally chemical. About panick attack: It happened to me after a... | Biology |
how much money (in $ worth) is actually circulating around the world? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think you’re asking is how much much currency is in circulation which is a separate question from much money there is. As of September 9th there was $1,980,000,000,000 in circulation, according to the Fed’s website. According to Wikipedia, the 2016 value of worldwide circulating currency was just under 4.7 trillion U... | Economics |
How does c-4 detonation work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | C-4 is an engineered explosive, specifically made to be insensitive to shock. You want soldiers to carry it around in case they need it, and if a stray bullet could cause someone's backpack to explode - there would be less volunteers to carry it around. The key is to create a highly concentrated shockwave. A detonator ... | Chemistry |
As we continue to lob probes, cars, and eventually bigger stuff into deep space; will this eventually erode the mass of the earth enough that its orbit might be affected? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The top layer of the Earth, known as the crust, is up to 30 miles deep in continential areas and 5 miles deep in ocean areas. If we manage to strip all of that out and throw it into space, the Earth loses less than 1% of its volume. Relative to that, a few cars or spaceships won't affect the overall mass of the Earth. | Physics |
How is the trading app Robinhood “bad”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's "bad" in that it makes it too easy for people with zero knowledge or experience to get themselves in a really bad spot. That's a case where an individual should do more to educate themselves on what they're getting into first. In an inexperienced person's defense, however, Robinhood *does* make things too simplist... | Economics |
What are the actual negative effects of drugs like ecstasy and Molly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Molly/ Ecstasy is supposed to be MDMA (see [3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine]( URL_0 ) for the wiki article) But can sometimes be cut with stuff nothing of the sort; like research chems (another topic) Basically, MDMA activates a part of your brain which releases serotonin and that part is like a bank or a "holding sp... | Chemistry |
If water makes blood cells swell up and salt makes them contract than why does salt cause an increase in blood pressure? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you have a high concentration of a solute like sodium, water will naturally move across a semi-permeable membrane to dilute it in an effort to balance the sodium concentration on either side of the membrane. The same applies to the human body - if you have high sodium levels in your blood, you'll have more water in ... | Biology |
(as soon on TV shows) why does a commander on a naval vessel give orders for course corrections to a subordinate officer who then passes it on to the helm? Why not order the helm directly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > One of the most important principles of ship handling is that there be no ambiguity as to who is controlling the movements of the ship. One person gives orders to the ship's engine, rudder, lines, and ground tackle. This person is said to have the "conn." — James Alden Barber, 2005, "Introduction", The Naval Shiphand... | Other |
Why does the taste of a burger vary so greatly from restaurant to restaurant? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Are you ordering the same (or at least relatively) the same ingredients on your burgers? Meat quality and cooking style varies from restaurant to restaurant, along with bread quality and cheese varieties. For instance, a place with fresh baked buns and real cheese will differ from a place with American cheese and froze... | Chemistry |
To make advanced man made chemicals like soaps, acids, etc., where are the most basic components collected from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Believe it or not: nature. Chemistry is sometimes like a cookbook. Get things, heat them up, collect the vapours, put them there, etc. To make soap, the chemical agent you need is caustic soda (lye). To make caustic soda you use sodium carbonate (that occurs as a mineral on Earth) and calcium hydroxide that is either f... | Chemistry |
What is the logic behind Corporate Personhood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Corporate personhood long predates the 14th Amendment, but derives from British law. To understand why corporate personhood exists, consider a situation where you are wronged by a corporation and want to sue them. Without corporate personhood, this is impossible - there is no 'person' to sue. In terms of the 14th Amend... | Economics |
How there can be so much money in network TV advertising and so little in comparative online advertising? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First off, Youtube is not struggling to profit; neither is Netflix. Netflix made more than $2 Billion in profit and $20 billion in revenue last year, far more than any TV station. Alphabet Inc (parent of Google/Youtube) is the 3rd largest company on earth with a value of $988200000000. Secondly, there are few TV statio... | Economics |
How do we know there is a hole in the ozone layer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We can directly observe and measure the ozone concentrations in a given column of air. One method involves sending a weather balloon up with a device called a ozonesonde. Once the balloon reaches about 21 miles up, the ozonesonde sucks in some gas and measures the amount of electrical charge produced when the gas react... | Chemistry |
Why can Casinos throw people out for counting cards when it isn't illegal or considered cheating? Why can't people take action against the casino for this practice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Plenty of businesses kick people out for things that aren't strictly illegal, but that the business finds undesirable or not good. Hanging out in a diner for an hour after you're finished eating isn't a crime, but they still want you to pound bricks so they can get another customer in there, especially during busy time... | Economics |
Why is warm tap water murky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is not the dissolved oxygen and gases that contribute to tap waters murkiness;gases are basically without colour. Instead, calcium carbonate, which contributes to turbidity, is actually the cause behind warm water's murkiness. It's solubility is inversely related to temperature. As temperature rises, aqueous calcium... | Chemistry |
In calculus, what does it mean if a function is differentiable? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is not really any one perfect definition of differentiability. With that said, if a function is said to be differentiable, this usually means that the derivative exists at every point described by the function. For this to be true, the function must be defined at that point (no holes or gaps or asymptotes there) ... | Mathematics |
Keeping in mind the advancements in phone cameras and handheld cameras, why are cameras used in television studios still so bulky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I’m a feature film camera man and advances have made our camera bodies pretty small (see the Alexa mini). However, by the time you add all the accessories we need it gets pretty big and heavy. These accessories include batteries, wireless video transmitter, wireless focus motors, extra focusing monitor, cage to attach ... | Technology |
How can human brain contain and endure many personalities (in cases like DID and MPD) that are so different from the "host" and is there a limit to how many different identities can exist in one brain before their personality's "quality" declines? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | *Disclaimer: I am not a mental health professional, just a guy who explains things good so I welcome corrections from people who are more knowledgeable.* Dissociative identity disorder is so poorly understood that many psychologists don't believe it's a real mental disorder *at all*. Skeptics argue that while many, if ... | Psychology |
How is time perception possible? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | DNA just controls what proteins exist where in the developing embryo. The way dividing cells react to those protein gradients controls what kind of cells they become and what they can do. When a whole bunch of brain cells get together, and start sending signals to each other, various mental states and structures emerge... | Biology |
how did ancient cultures create statues of solid gold? Is it shaped or or made from a mold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Due to the rarity and cost of gold, it wasn't common for solid gold items to be made, except for small jewelry type items. And of course, if such things were created, they were subject to the theft and re-melting over the ages. The melting point of gold is close to that of copper, and it's possible to melt either metal... | Technology |
How do screens produce the color black if it’s, physically speaking, just the absence of light? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Exactly as you say. They don't emit any light. It you turn of a screen it is black so turning of the light is enough for the pixel to be black. In practice it is not as black as a turned off screen types because the back light is always on and make it darker with a LCD that can block the light. It might look darker the... | Technology |
Why do bloody noses usually only bled from one nostril? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When your nose is bleeding, you're normally bleeding from a specific place on the inside of your nose (like if you make it bleed by picking it). The blood will come out of whichever nostral that place is in. When you bleed from both, it's probably because the whole inside of your nose is dry to the point where bleeding... | Biology |
How do we know ADHD is real? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's a whole bunch of psychological conditions that are basically the pattern "things everyone feels sometimes, but so often and so intense that they cause a real problem with the person's life." So there's being a bit obsessed, and then there's OCD. There's being sad sometimes, and then there's major depression. AD... | Biology |
When you mix something are you separating the molecules? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can imagine molecules in water as sand. You can move an object through the sand and all the grains just flow around it, but you don't break apart any grains of sand. All liquids will behave in pretty much the same way, with the molecules sliding past each other and around objects. | Chemistry |
How can folding a paper 42 times reach the moon? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everytime you fold a paper it doubles in thickness. Start with .1mm Folds thickness 1 .2 2 .4 3 . 8 4 1.6 5 3.2 So you can see in 5 folds our paper has grown to 32x the thickness. Imagine 37 more folds. In fact given that we start with 0.1mm our thickness follows a nice relation that is t = (2^x ) /10 where x is the nu... | Physics |
What makes cheddar cheese “sharp”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As I understand, there's two components. Part of it is the culture (bacterial or fungus) that eats up dairy and poops out those delicious sharp flavored compounds. The other part is that as cheese is aged it might lose water content due to evaporation or whatever other means. The less water, the more concentrated the s... | Chemistry |
What is Gödel's incompleteness theorem, and why is it so infamous in Mathematics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are actually two incompleteness theorems. They are in the realm of logic, which attempts to axiomatize mathematics. Both theorems are about *formal systems*, which you can think of a set of rules for inferring from axioms. Kind of like meta math in a way. The **first incompleteness theorem** says that all *consis... | Mathematics |
can logical fallacies ever be baseless? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A fallacy is an incorrect use of reasoning. Example: All men are mortal. Socrates is mortal. Therefore Socrates is a man. Wrong. Socrates is my cat. Properly applied, logic works just fine. It's only when it is misused that it does not work. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal. That is c... | Mathematics |
I always thought free healthcare was unrealistic to implement here in America due to how much it would raise taxes. Then, I saw Canada’s tax rates. Where does that money come from and how could it be implemented in the states? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some numbers for you. (As of 2016) The U.S. spends almost $10,000 per person on health care, presumably much of that comes straight from individuals. Canada specifically spent almost $5,000 per person on health care. On the assumption that we could copy the Canadian model on a per cost basis, we would simply increase t... | Economics |
What is happening when one taste bud has a freak-out, swells and is hypersensitive? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From the sounds of it, you're getting 'lie bumps'. They can be caused by a lot of things, including stress, hormone changes, and certain foods. I get them when I'm dehydrated. The thing that's getting inflamed is not quite a taste bud - it's the little perch that your taste buds sit on (called a papilla). If its just o... | Biology |
How do college campuses have the same WiFi network across entire campuses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's called a [wifi mesh]( URL_0 ). There are multiple ways to set up a wifi mesh. From having one wifi access point connect over wifi to a neighbor, to having all access points connect to a central switch over Ethernet. As for why some on-campus locations appear (or are) to be faster or slower than others, that's some... | Technology |
What's the difference between sympathy and empathy? Why does it sometimes feel bad to receive sympathy from another person? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I have a friend who constantly loses his wallet. He gets wildly upset each time. I can empathize with his feelings, I understand how it would feel to lose my wallet. But because he does this so often, I no longer sympathize with him, I no longer feel sorry for him. He never learns, and never looks after his wallet. No ... | Psychology |
- What does it mean to own one's feelings? How does one do that? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For example if you’re feeling sad, rather than trying to ignore it or push it away, or express the sadness as another emotion (eg. anger), you recognise that you’re actually feeling sad and allow yourself to just. Be sad. Because that’s ok. It might help to try and look at the individual facts of the situation and deci... | Other |
If every distance (in theory) can be halved, regardless of how microscopic, how does anything physically touch anything else? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As other comments have pointed out, on an atomic level, you can't actually touch something, as electrons will always try to repel each other. So let's loosen our definition of touch to the idea of two surfaces making contact, just so that we can ignore these atomic effects. We'll also assume that if the distance betwee... | Mathematics |
What exactly is the Bilderberg Meeting and why is it so secretive? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The meeting itself isn't secret just that the words spoken by individuals are not revealed the reason for this is to encourage open and frank exchange of views a bit like why advice from Ambassadors to their native governments are also "secret" so that views about the leadership and policies of the other country can be... | Other |
Why do people roll their eyes when exasperated or annoyed at someone or something? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Eye contact is an important part of communication for humans (and other animals). Averting eye contact is used across multiple cultures to signify discomfort or distaste as well as a method of avoiding direction aggression. This is seen across all kinds of mammals, particularly primates, so it may be biological in natu... | Psychology |
why do magnets lose their magnetism over time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Keep in mind that perfect magnets do not lose magnetism over time or use (for the same reason Earth does not "lose gravity" if you jump). It is not an intrinsic property of permanent magnets. Magnets losing magnetism instead has to do with imperfections in their construction, and mechanical and thermal wear-n-tear. | Physics |
Why does chilled alcohol have less of a "bite"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because you actually don't taste alcohol, you smell it. The colder it is, the less vapor gets to your nose. If you're talking about the burning sensation in your mouth, not really sure. It most likely is some kind of chemical reaction that causes this, and those are lot slower in a cold environment | Chemistry |
If a firetruck catches on fire, is it irony or coincidence? What's the difference between the two? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your understanding of irony is correct. One thing that makes irony confusing is that different people can have different expectations, so what counts as the opposite of expectation may differ from person to person. I think a firetruck catching on fire is ironic because I would expect firefighters to take precautions th... | Other |
Why is everything in 3D modeling triangles? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You already said it yourself, every shape can be made out of triangles. Most modeling is done using meshing, which is a large series of interconnected nodes (usually triangular meshing). I think a good way of picturing this is if you had a rectangle, and you needed to know the distance between one corner of the rectang... | Technology |
How does the Bank of England pump money into the economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To pump money, the Central bank lower reserve rates. The Central banks fixes Reserves for all the other banks of the country. It means if you place 100 in a bank A they may have to keep 50 but can loan 50 to someone else. Those 50 are gonna be used to pay someone that is gonna deposit it to bank B, and the bank can re-... | Economics |
Why does working a injured muscle through the same range of motion that injured it in the first place result in faster recovery? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | According to my physiotherapist. As muscles and tendons heal, scar tissue form. The scar tissues are not as flexible and good as the original, that's why old injured spots can feel stiff and painful sometimes. Flexes and exercises strengthen and stretch muscles, which help break apart the scar tissues, also move blood ... | Biology |
How does Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I have experience in both NMR and EPR. Explaining it without mathematics can be challenging. In extremely simplified terms, though, imagine an entity with two possible states. Call them state 1 and state 2. Adding radio waves to the system tends to make it go to state 1. Adding a perpendicular magnetic field tends to m... | Chemistry |
Why antidepressants within the same class (say, SSRIs) are slightly different than each other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Drugs rarely have specific binding protein sites, e.g. you likedy won't see a DRD4 agonist that is completely unreactive at DRD2. Every drug has a "map" of which proteins they bind to and their affinity, how tightly they bind. This is the drug's binding profile. These are usually determined by putting the ligands (drug... | Chemistry |
Why have SSD prices so drastically dropped in the last year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | SSD prices have been on a steady decline over the last several years due to improvements in the manufacturing technology and the overall volume decreasing The rather abrupt price drop($0.13-$0.17/GB now from $0.22-$0.30 a few months ago) is currently being blamed on excess supply due to missed forecasts on smartphones.... | Economics |
how do breathalysers work to detect alcohol in breath and how accurate are they? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alcohol is not digested by your body and directly enters your blood stream. Our blood also passes through our lungs where some of the alcohol passes through membranes and evaporates in the lungs because of its volatile nature. Now when you blow into a breathalyzer, if there is alcohol in your blood a chemical reaction ... | Technology |
What is that sinking feeling in your chest when you're anxious? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's largely two things; your heart experiencing mild palpitations (caused by adrenaline), and your body sending more blood to your extremities and more important organs (which can cause brief periods of low blood pressure). It's all a part of your body's fight-or-flight response; the stress triggers physical and chemi... | Biology |
Why is it easier to talk when we move hands? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Words are linguistically representative of concepts, but their range of meaning is limited. You can get a lot of information from things like tone and emphasis (the audible equivalent of "reading between the lines"), but body language adds yet another level of interpretation. For people with the subconscious desire to ... | Other |
How is it possible for sandbags to hold back an entire river? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As sand gets wet, it clumps together and becomes really heavy and dense, almost like a brick. So when you put those sandbags out, they turn into little walls that are dense enough to stop the water. Sand's density comes from how small each particle of sand is. Sand behaves like a liquid in that it fills whatever space ... | Physics |
Why do massages make us feel better if something is in pain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pain receptors send signals to your brain that is interpreted as a painful sensation. Applying pressure to the affected area activates touch receptors in that area, which not only sends messages of a touch sensation, but can also inhibit the transmission of pain signals along its path, therefore reducing the intensity ... | Biology |
What makes prostitution illegal, while acting in porn for money not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the US, pornography is a type of expression that falls under the broad protection of the 1st Amendment. Technically speaking, you are paying actors to act, and it just happens that sexual intercourse is part of that. You aren't paying them directly for the sex, nor are you paying them for the actor's sexual gratific... | Other |
How can humans breed plants together? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In layman's terms, yes, they take pollen from one plant and fertilize a different plant with it. Then they harvest the seeds and see what happens when the seeds grow. A lot of the seeds that you buy at the gardening store are hybrids, which means they were produced through this kind of breeding. | Biology |
Why do marathoners rarely run marathon distances in training? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | *For most people* - training by running a full marathon is kind of like regularly shooting yourself with a .22 to build up a tolerance to bullets. Its incredibly unhealthy and is so far beyond the limit of what your body can do that it just harms you without meaningfully building endurance. The idea behind marathons is... | Other |
When cooking pasta, why do you have to let the water boil before putting in the pasta, why can't you do it right away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pasta is wheat based, has lots of plant fats called starch, which make it delicious. However, this same starch turns into a goopy glue like substance when added to water. By adding it in when the water is boiling it reduces the time the starches can turn to goop. The boiling heat seals the outside of the pasta which ke... | Chemistry |
How important is the moon to life as we know it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If the moon ceased to exist, it would have two major impacts (along with many more, I'm sure). * Tides would follow the sun instead of the moon, leading to significant differences in size/timing/etc. Many species have evolved to be dependent on tides and would either have to adapt or die out. Our efforts at harnessing ... | Biology |
What did people do with poor vision before the invention of bifocals? Did they just deal with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Before the 1800s most people had no need for perfect 20/20 vision. A horse is self-driving and you can’t read, so what does it matter? Sure your career as an archer or a scribe might be over before it started, but you don’t need good vision to be a farmer or blacksmith. | Biology |
If we all received a a universal income, doesn't this just increase the price of every product and service, defeating the purpose? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The increase is relatively small, the impact is of a similar scale to a moderate increase in the minimum wage, since the money is given regardless of income some individuals will see a dramatic increase in their money, whereas others will barely notice it. For the advantages and disadvantages - URL_0 | Economics |
Why did 4/4 times become the most common in music? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's really easy to subdivide in 4/4. Typically, a musical phrase is going to be eight measures. When it's in 4/4, that's 32 beats. *Super* easy to divide that up, because *powers of two!* Two 16 beat half phrases with two 8 beat quarter phrases...etc. Speaking of, it's also really easy to divide up the beats in a sing... | Other |
How do some countries with very high national debt (Japan, US) still manage to drive their economies, but some (Greece) fail to do so? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Investor confidence. You can borrow forever as long as people continue to think you will eventually pay it back. Japan is a technological and industrial powerhouse, and people generally think that even despite its insane debt-to-GDP ratio, their economy is still strong and continue to invest in it. Greece has no real m... | Economics |
Why is it that when you get older, your hangovers become gradually worse? And I’m talking of a small age difference e.g. between a 21yo and a 25yo | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You digest alcohol and get calories from it, but it's a multi-step process. The first step is the liver actually turning it into a MORE toxic chemical, and the second step turns it into something we can use. The second step uses a chemical the liver makes to do that, and as we age it can make less and less of it. So we... | Biology |
Why can computers play multiple audio sources at once while phones (usually) have to turn one source off to play another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In a word, software. Computers will let you do this natively whereas Android and iOS don't (usually.) However there are apps for both that will let you play multiple files at the same time. To show that the phone can definitely play multiple files together just play a game, multiple audio files will play together all t... | Technology |
How do drug tablets always have the same amount of active ingredient in every pill? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you make a cake properly, how often do you find a spot that's scrambled eggs or a lump of flour? If you mix some green into a bucket of white paint and mix it well, how often do you get a streak of white or green? It's basically the same thing. | Chemistry |
Why where old PCBs brownish/beige and now they are green? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Old PCB's were mostly green. The colored part is the solder mask, which is the top/outside layer that protects the conductive traces. Green is chosen as it causes less eye strain, which is helpful to the ones who stare at these boards 8 hours a day. It is also likely chosen since the resin is made it bulk, so it's chea... | Chemistry |
What’s with all the fancy attachments and whatnot on the bows of professional archers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From looking at pictures if it’s a very long tripod looking thing that’s called the stabiliser. It helps steady the bow just like holding your arms out helps balance yourself. Other than that I see there’s a mount for a sight, it’s mounted on a pole away from the bow so you can adjust it better | Other |
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