id stringlengths 6 8 | question stringlengths 17 664 | context listlengths 1 12 | response stringlengths 1 3.12k | answer stringclasses 3
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10886552 | Does inhibition of nitric oxide synthase ameliorate cellular injury in sickle cell mouse kidneys? | [
"In previous studies of transgenic sickle cell mice, increased renal expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial cell isoform of NOS (EcNOS) was found by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. In addition, putative evidence of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) formation was found in the form of positiv... | These observations provide evidence that NO and/or ONOO- are responsible for initiating cell damage, which leads to apoptosis in sickle cell mouse kidneys. | yes |
27543715 | Is n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide a strong predictor of mortality in systemic sclerosis? | [
"Cardiovascular involvement is a major contributor to mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We examined whether N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a reliable predictor of mortality in SSc.",
"This multicentre prospective cohort study included 523 patients presenting with SSc, whose mean age ... | NT-proBNP appears as a reliable and independent predictor of mortality in patients with SSc. | yes |
16619569 | Is mLH1 mismatch repair gene product associated with apoptotic potential of urothelial bladder carcinomas? | [
"Mismatch repair genes are possibly involved in the tumorigenesis and/or progression of bladder cancer, as has been reported in colorectal and other cancers.",
"The protein expression of one of these genes (MLH1) was examined in 121 patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder by an immunohistochemical ... | A significant proportion of UCs revealed low positivity percentages for MLH1 expression, probably reflecting MLH1 gene dysfunction in the respective cases. Preserved MLH1 expression was associated with highly proliferating cells, which are more likely to need DNA repair systems. A reduced expression of MLH1 may exert a... | yes |
17227516 | Is office-based unsedated small-caliber endoscopy equivalent to conventional sedated endoscopy in screening and surveillance for Barrett 's esophagus : a randomized and blinded comparison? | [
"A major limitation to screening and surveillance of Barrett's esophagus is the complexity, expense, and risk associated with sedation for upper endoscopy. This study examines the feasibility, accuracy, and patient acceptability of office-based unsedated endoscopy as an alternative.",
"Of 274 eligible adults sche... | Office-based unsedated small-caliber endoscopy is technically feasible, well tolerated, and accurate in screening for Barrett's esophagus, despite yielding a smaller biopsy specimen. This approach bears the potential to eliminate the infrastructure and cost required for intravenous sedation in this application. | yes |
26741120 | Does acute Exercise improve Mood and Motivation in Young Men with ADHD Symptoms? | [
"Little is known about whether acute exercise affects signs or symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. This experiment sought to determine the effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity leg cycling exercise on measures of attention, hyperactivity, mood, and motivation to complete ... | In young men reporting elevated symptoms of ADHD, a 20-min bout of moderate-intensity cycle exercise transiently enhances motivation for cognitive tasks, increases feelings of energy, and reduces feelings of confusion, fatigue, and depression, but this has no effect on the behavioral measures of attention or hyperactiv... | yes |
22040435 | Does kaiyuqingre formula improve insulin secretion via regulating uncoupling protein-2 and KATP channel? | [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results from the complex association of insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure. Recent studies have shown that patients diagnosed with T2DM present with a significant decrease in β-cell function, which can be further compromised during the progression of the disease. Sever... | KYQRF can protect islet function by decreasing UCP-2 and sulfonylurea receptor 1. | yes |
18038710 | Are growth and development similar in VLBW children born appropriate and small for gestational age : an interim report on 97 preschool children? | [
"To investigate growth and development in a cohort of children born with very low birth weight (VLBW) treated at a single tertiary neonatal unit.",
"We studied 97 children born between January 1995 and July 1997 with BW <1,500 g. At follow-up (mean age 3.7 years) anthropometric data and data on neurological statu... | Preterm VLBW infants, whether AGA or SGA at birth, face the risk of being short at preschool age. Height outcome is probably influenced by postnatal factors. Our data also suggest that short stature is associated with developmental difficulties in this population. | yes |
27126090 | Does meta-analysis reveal an association of STAT4 polymorphism with hepatocellular carcinoma risk? | [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins play a multitude of important functions in liver pathophysiology. Recent studies have indicated associations of rs7574865 single nucleotide polym... | A significantly increased risk of HCC associated with the rs7574865 G was found. The rs7574865 polymorphism might be used as one risk factor for HCC. | yes |
18820247 | Does pre-incisional epidural magnesium provide pre-emptive and preventive analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy? | [
"This prospective, randomized, double-blind study was designed to evaluate the preemptive and preventive analgesic efficacy of adding magnesium to a multimodal regimen of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.",
"Ninety patients were randomly assigned to one of... | Continuous epidural magnesium started before anaesthesia provided preemptive, preventive analgesia, and an analgesic-sparing effect that improved postoperative analgesia without increasing the incidence of side-effects. | yes |
27195641 | Do clinical Performance Scores Are Independently Associated with the American Board of Anesthesiology Certification Examination Scores? | [
"It is unknown whether clinical performance during residency is related to the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) oral examination scores. We hypothesized that resident clinical performance would be independently associated with oral examination performance because the oral examination is designed to test for c... | Clinical performance scores and ABA written examination scores independently accounted for variance in ABA oral examination scores. Clinical performance scores are independently associated with the ABA oral examination scores. | yes |
17531337 | Is phosphorylation of eIF2alpha required for mRNA translation inhibition and survival during moderate hypoxia? | [
"Human tumors are characterized by temporal fluctuations in oxygen tension. The biological pathways that respond to the dynamic tumor microenvironment represent potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. Anoxic conditions result in eIF2alpha dependent inhibition of overall mRNA translation, differential gene e... | Disruption of eIF2alpha phosphorylation is a potential target for hypoxia-directed molecular cancer therapy. | yes |
9812748 | Does diacetylamethystoidin A protect isolated working rat heart against myocardial reperfusion injury? | [
"To observe the effect of diacetylamethystoidin A (6 alpha, 13 beta-diacetyl-11, 15-dioxo-19-hydroxyl-kaurene, DAA-A) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.",
"Working heart mode was induced in isolated rat heart subjected to a 40-min ceasing perfusion followed by a 25-min reperfusion.",
"DAA-A 0.13, 0.25, ... | DAA-A has cardioprotective effect through diminishing cellular lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen free radicals. | yes |
27733254 | Is fat accumulation in the tongue associated with male gender , abnormal upper airway patency and whole-body adiposity? | [
"To examine associations between tongue adiposity with upper airway measures, whole-body adiposity and gender. We hypothesized that increased tongue adiposity is higher in males and positively associated with abnormal upper airway measures and whole-body adiposity.",
"We studied subjects who underwent whole-body ... | Increased tongue adiposity is influenced by gender and is associated with abnormal upper airway patency and body composition parameters. | yes |
16354599 | Does hyperoxic ventilation enable hemodilution beyond the critical myocardial hemoglobin concentration? | [
"When initiated in anemic hypoxia, hyperoxic ventilation (ventilation with pure O2, FiO2 1.0, HV) reverses hypoxia-induced ECG-changes and enables survival for several hours. The quantification of the HV-induced gain in anemia tolerance and particularly the Hb-equivalent of HV in this situation are unknown.",
"Ni... | HV initiated in anemic hypoxia creates a margin of safety for myocardial tissue oxygenation and thus further increases anemia tolerance. The Hb equivalent of HV in this situation amounts to approximately 1g/dl. | yes |
26755386 | Do walking ability before and after a hip fracture in elderly predict greater long-term survivorship? | [
"The morbidity and mortality after a hip fracture in the elderly population are multifactorial. The aim of this study is to determine the long-term impact of specific factors to mortality rate and mobility after a hip fracture in the elderly.",
"Elderly suffering a hip fracture after a low-energy trauma was inclu... | In summary, it could be stated that early walking ability after an operation for a hip fracture in elderly is the most significant prediction factor of survivorship one and ten years postoperatively. Ambulation status before injury is a significant long-term predictor factor for survivorship. | yes |
23339460 | Are serum galectin-9 levels elevated in the patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease? | [
"Galectin-9 (Gal-9) induces apoptosis in activated T helper 1 (TH1) cells as a ligand for T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3). Gal-9 also inhibits the G1 phase cell cycle arrest and hypertrophy in db/db mice, the hallmark of early diabetic nephropathy, by reversing the high glucose-induced up-regulation of cyclin... | The elevation of serum Gal-9 in the patients with type 2 diabetes is closely linked to GFR and they may be related to the alteration of the immune response and inflammation of the patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. | yes |
25186638 | Does tanshinone IIA pretreatment protect free flaps against hypoxic injury by upregulating stem cell-related biomarkers in epithelial skin cells? | [
"Partial or total flap necrosis after flap transplantation is sometimes encountered in reconstructive surgery, often as a result of a period of hypoxia that exceeds the tolerance of the flap tissue. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Tanshinone IIA (TSA) pretreatment can protect flap tissue against ... | TSA pretreatment protects free flaps against hypoxic injury and increases the area of surviving tissue by activating Wnt signaling and upregulating stem cell-related biomarkers. | yes |
23562657 | Does transcranial magnetic stimulation have no placebo effect on motor learning? | [
"Motor learning is the core cognitive function in neurorehabilitation and in various other skill-training activities (e.g. sport, music). Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) methods for its enhancement. However, although usually assumed, a potential place... | The results suggest lack of any placebo effect of TMS on motor learning. | yes |
18698306 | Is a Thr17Met mutation associated with an unusual retinochoroidopathy in an autosomal dominant pedigree? | [
"To report the results of molecular genetic analysis for a proband with unusual regionalized retinochoroidopathy in an autosomal dominant pedigree originally reported as a previously undescribed condition.",
"Genomic DNA was obtained from the proband's leukocytes and was analyzed by Carver Laboratories at the Uni... | Findings of molecular genetics analysis of this unusual regionalized retinochoroidopathy support the diagnosis of a mild, delimited form of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. | yes |
19627616 | Does gastroesophageal reflux lead to esophageal cancer in a surgical model with mice? | [
"Esophago-gastroduodenal anastomosis with rats mimics the development of human Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma by introducing mixed reflux of gastric and duodenal contents into the esophagus. However, use of this rat model for mechanistic and chemopreventive studies is limited due to lack of genet... | Surgically induced gastroesophageal reflux produced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not esophageal adenocarcinoma, in mice. Dominant negative p53 mutation, heterozygous loss of INK4a/Arf, antacid treatment, iron supplementation, or gastrectomy failed to promote esophageal adenocarcinoma in these mice. Further s... | yes |
22940766 | Is hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress independent of excess abdominal adiposity in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome? | [
"What is the effect of glucose ingestion on leukocytic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with and without excess abdominal adiposity (AA)?"
] | Normal-weight women with PCOS exhibit an increase in leukocytic ROS generation in response to glucose ingestion, and this increase is independent of excess AA. | yes |
17044366 | Do cyclic pressure and shear stress regulate matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsin activity in porcine aortic valves? | [
"It has been shown previously that the exposure of porcine aortic valve leaflets (PAVL) to elevated pressure or steady shear stress increases extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. It was hypothesized that exposure of the aortic valves to pressure or shear stress would regulate valvular expression of proteases such ... | For the first time, valvular cathepsin and MMP activity were seen to be directly regulated by mechanical forces such as pressure and shear stress. The down-regulation of cathepsin L activity correlates with an up-regulation of ECM synthesis; MMP-2 and -9 activities increased with ECM synthesis under shear stress, showi... | yes |
22767418 | Does anterior impingement test for labral lesions have high positive predictive value? | [
"The anterior impingement test is intended to detect anterosuperior acetabular labral lesions. In patients treated for labral lesions its sensitivity is reportedly 95% to 100%, and in a small group of patients undergoing periacetabular osteotomy, its sensitivity was 59% and specificity 100%. However, the sensitivit... | Although the sensitivity of the anterior impingement test did not reach a sufficient level for detecting anterosuperior labral lesions, we believe the high positive predictive value makes the test useful. | yes |
21143876 | Are waist to hip ratio and trunk to extremity fat ( DXA ) better surrogates for IMCL and for visceral fat respectively than for subcutaneous fat in adolescent girls? | [
"Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) are associated with increased metabolic risk. Clinical and DXA body composition measures that are associated with VAT are generally even more strongly associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) reflecting general adiposity, and thus ... | Overall, WHR (anthropometry), and PTF and TEFR (DXA) are good surrogates for IMCL and for visceral fat respectively in adolescent girls. | yes |
20332662 | Is cigarette smoking independently associated with chronic pancreatitis? | [
"It is not completely understood whether smoking contributes to chronic pancreatitis (CP). Past studies have included mostly patients with alcohol-related and severe CP. Our aim was to assess the relationship of smoking and CP adjusting for alcohol and other clinical risk factors.",
"A cross-sectional study was p... | Active cigarette smoking is associated with CP adjusting for alcohol and other risk factors. and IAP. | yes |
22694365 | Does meta-analysis of type and complexity of a secondary task during walking on the prediction of elderly fall? | [
"Dual-tasking probes divided attention and causes performance changes that are associated with an increased risk for falls in the elderly. There is no systematic review investigating the effect of task type and complexity on the prediction of elderly falls. This article synthesizes research evidence regarding this ... | The mental tracking task yielded significant dual-task-related changes for fall prediction. Most studies successively used an appropriate level of task complexity specific to the specified population of interest. More research is required for definite conclusions regarding the effect of task type and complexity. | yes |
21447661 | Does a decrease in glucose variability reduce cardiovascular event rates in type 2 diabetic patients after acute myocardial infarction : a reanalysis of the HEART2D study? | [
"To assess the effect of intraday glucose variability (GV) on cardiovascular outcomes in a reanalysis of Hyperglycemia and Its Effect After Acute Myocardial Infarction on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (HEART2D) study data.",
"Type 2 diabetic patients after acute myocardial infa... | A PRANDIAL strategy demonstrated lower intraday GV vs. a BASAL strategy with similar overall glycemic control but did not result in a reduction in cardiovascular outcomes. This does not support the hypothesis that targeting GV would be beneficial in reducing subsequent secondary cardiovascular events. | no |
8896742 | Is exertional hyperpnea in patients with chronic heart failure a reversible cause of exercise intolerance? | [
"Hyperpnea in chronic heart failure occurs even in the absence of considerable impairment of lung function. It is caused by altered respiratory pattern with rapid shallow breathing and ventilation-perfusion mismatch, so far thought to be irreversible.",
"To test the underlying pathophysiologic disorders and the r... | Exercise hyperpnea in heart failure is mainly caused by ventilation of excess physiologic dead space and strongly contributes to severity of symptoms. Ventilatory response to exercise can be improved by adjustment of heart failure therapy in a considerable proportion of patients. Improvement is associated with an incre... | yes |
26876441 | Do heat shock protein complex vaccines induce antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis via a MyD88-independent mechanism? | [
"Neisseria meningitidis are common colonizers of the human nasopharynx. In some circumstances, N. meningitidis becomes an opportunistic pathogen that invades tissues and causes meningitis. While a vaccine against a number of serogroups has been in effective use for many years, a vaccine against N. meningitidis grou... | N. lactamica and N. meningitidis HSPC vaccines both have potential utility for immunising against neisserial meningitis without the requirement for an exogenous adjuvant. The mode of action of these vaccines is highly complex, with HSPCs inducing immune responses via both MyD88-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In... | yes |
22865777 | Does p2X7 receptor in the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex contribute to tactile allodynia/hyperalgesia following trigeminal nerve injury? | [
"The present study directly addresses the roles of the P2X(7) receptor (P2X(7)R), an ionotropic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) receptor, and cytokines in the induction of orofacial pain following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve (IoN).",
"Rats were anesthetized, and ligatures of 4-0 chrom... | Based on these findings, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK via P2X(7)R may induce tactile allodynia/hyperalgesia, which is most likely mediated by sTNF-α released by microglia. | yes |
25533826 | Does multilocus sequence typing indicate diverse origins of invasive Candida tropicalis isolates in China? | [
"According to data from the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) 2010, Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) is the third most common pathogen causing invasive candidiasis. Moreover, the majority of fluconazole-resistant C. tropicalis isolates were from a single hospital. Therefore, a molecular e... | The results suggested diverse origins of invasive C. tropicalis isolates in China. Although most invasive C. tropicalis strains in the mainland of China were clustered with previously characterized Asian isolates, major C. tropicalis clusters identified in this study were genetically distinct from those of other geogra... | yes |
18173612 | Is systemic exposure to lidocaine and tetracaine low after an application of a lidocaine 7 % -tetracaine 7 % peel in adults? | [
"The lidocaine 7%-tetracaine 7% (LT) peel has been demonstrated to be useful for a variety of dermatologic applications, including cosmetic, laser, and vascular access procedures. Aim To measure and evaluate the detectable plasma levels and safety of lidocaine and tetracaine in adult volunteers after a single appli... | A single application of LT peel to up to 200 cm(2) of anterior thigh in adults with a duration of up to 90 min produces systemic levels of lidocaine and tetracaine that are of no clinical significance at all time points measured up to 420 min after the initial application. | yes |
23430004 | Does virtual reality meet expectations in a pilot study on multimodal laparoscopic surgery training? | [
"The purpose of the present study was to determine the value of virtual reality (VR) training for a multimodality training program of basic laparoscopic surgery.",
"Participants in a two-day multimodality training for laparoscopic surgery used box trainers, live animal training, and cadaveric training on the puls... | At its current level of performance, VR training does not meet expectations. No additional benefit was observed from VR training in our multimodality training program. | no |
26802082 | Does dysregulated Lysine Acetyltransferase 2B promote Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis Through Transcriptional Repression of Interleukin-10? | [
"Accumulating evidence supports epigenetic modifications in mediating intestinal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify key dysregulated epigenetic modulators and the molecular downstream pathways in IBD.",
"Expression of 116 well-defined epigenetic modulators was ... | Our findings demonstrated a novel epigenetic mechanism of IL-10 dysregulation in IBD. Down-regulation of KAT2B may disrupt the innate and adaptive inflammatory responses due to the suppression of this crucial anti-inflammatory cytokine. | yes |
24106721 | Is periodontal disease an independent predictor of intracardiac calcification? | [
"Periodontitis is the most common chronic inflammatory condition worldwide and is associated with incident coronary disease.",
"We hypothesized that periodontal disease would also be associated with cardiac calcification, a condition which shares many risk factors with atherosclerosis and is considered a marker o... | In a multiracial population, we found a significant association between the degree of periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, and cardiac calcification. Further, higher periodontal scores were associated with greater degrees of calcification. | yes |
11744032 | Does felodipine inhibit nuclear translocation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase and human smooth muscle cell growth? | [
"Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation contributes to vascular structural changes in cardiovascular disease. Ca(2+) antagonists exert antiproliferative effects and may also be clinically beneficial in the patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. Activation of mitogen-activated protein... | Activation of p42/44mapk, subsequent nuclear translocation and activation of Elk-1 are essentially associated with human SMC proliferation. The Ca(2+) antagonist felodipine prevents p42/44mapk nuclear translocation (but not its activation) associated with inhibition of human SMC growth. | yes |
24438233 | Do a prospective study of non-surgical primary rhinoplasty using a polymethylmethacrylate injectable implant? | [
"Nonsurgical rhinoplasty involves the use of injectable fillers to improve the contours of the nose. It has become a widely practiced procedure since this author first popularized it in 2003. The use of permanent fillers in nonsurgical rhinoplasty has not been well documented, especially in this country.",
"To de... | Filler rhinoplasty using a PMMA-based injectable filler is safe and effective. This is the first study documenting the use of PMMA for this indication. Longer-term follow-up is needed to demonstrate persistence of improvement. | yes |
25818636 | Does high Atrial Defibrillation Threshold With Internal Cardioversion indicate Arrhythmogenicity of Superior Vena Cava in Non-Long-Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation? | [
"The purpose of this study was to clarify the relation between atrial defibrillation threshold (ADFT) for internal cardioversion (IC) and arrhythmogenicity of the superior vena cava (SVC).",
"A total of 159 consecutive patients (139 male, age 59.9±10.3 years) who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation of atri... | High IC ADFT is associated with SVC arrhythmogenicity in non-LSAF patients. | yes |
17688648 | Is alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency an important cause of childhood liver diseases in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population? | [
"We conducted a prospective study to determine the role of alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) deficiency in the pathogenesis of neonatal cholestasis and other childhood liver diseases in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population.",
"Prospective patients with neonatal cholestasis (group 1), other liver diseases (group ... | alpha1AT deficiency is not an important cause of neonatal cholestasis and childhood liver diseases in Malaysian children. In Malaysian children with neonatal cholestasis or other liver diseases, routine assay for alpha1AT phenotype is not recommended if there is no family history of neonatal cholestasis of uncertain ae... | no |
25158227 | Do complications following liver resection for colorectal metastases impact on longterm outcome? | [
"It has been suggested that adverse postoperative outcomes may have a negative impact on longterm survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases.",
"This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic impact of postoperative complications in patients submitted to a potentially curative resection of colorec... | Postoperative complications were not found to influence overall or disease-free survival in the present series. The number and size of liver metastases were confirmed as significant prognostic factors. | no |
22428027 | Do contrasting patterns of coral bleaching susceptibility in 2010 suggest an adaptive response to thermal stress? | [
"Coral bleaching events vary in severity, however, to date, the hierarchy of susceptibility to bleaching among coral taxa has been consistent over a broad geographic range and among bleaching episodes. Here we examine the extent of spatial and temporal variation in thermal tolerance among scleractinian coral taxa a... | The pattern of susceptibility among coral genera documented here is unprecedented. A parsimonious explanation for these results is that coral populations that bleached during the last major warming event in 1998 have adapted and/or acclimatised to thermal stress. These data also lend support to the hypothesis that cora... | yes |
25100404 | Do mesenchymal stem cells maintain blood-brain barrier integrity by inhibiting aquaporin-4 upregulation after cerebral ischemia? | [
"Cerebral ischemia upregulates aquaporin-4 expression, increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and induces brain edema. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repress inflammatory cytokines and show great potential for ischemic stroke therapy. However, the effect of MSCs regarding the protection of ischemia-in... | MSCs protected BBB integrity by reducing the apoptosis of astrocytes after ischemic attack, which was due to the attenuation of inflammatory response and downregulation of aquaporin-4 expression via p38 signaling pathway. | yes |
25378371 | Is bMI an important driver of β-cell loss in type 1 diabetes upon diagnosis in 10 to 18-year-old children? | [
"Body weight-related insulin resistance probably plays a role in progression to type 1 diabetes, but has an uncertain impact following diagnosis. In this study, we investigated whether BMI measured at diagnosis was an independent predictor of C-peptide decline 1-year post-diagnosis.",
"Multicentre longitudinal st... | These observations indicate that increased body weight and increased insulin demand are associated with more rapid disease progression after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in an age group 10-18 years. This should be considered in studies of β-cell function in type 1 diabetes. | yes |
23249358 | Is neoadjuvant hormonal therapy a feasible option in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy? | [
"Few reports can be found in the literature with respect to the impact of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) on operative parameters on laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in a large study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NHT prior to LRP for locally confined prostate cancer.",... | LRP was shown as a safe and efficacious procedure in patients who have received NHT. Perioperative morbidity of NHT patients undergoing LRP appears equivalent to non-NHT patients, with lower positive surgical margin, and PSA recurrence rate. | yes |
25700809 | Does subcutaneous vacuum drain reduce surgical site infection after primary closure of defunctioning ileostomy? | [
"Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication after primary closure of defunctioning ileostomy. We use a subcutaneous vacuum drain (SVD) in our institution to prevent infection. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of SSI and to assess the utility of an SVD for preventing SSI in patients un... | This study shows that an SVD is effective for reducing SSI in patients undergoing PC of ileostomy. Further randomized trials are required to confirm our findings and to compare SVDs with purse-string sutures. | yes |
12721349 | Does surgical removal of articular cartilage lead to loss of chondrocytes from cartilage bordering the wound edge? | [
"A number of arthroscopic procedures that are used in the treatment of focal cartilage lesions or osteoarthritic joints, such as shaving, débridement, and laser abrasion, involve the removal of both diseased and healthy articular cartilage. The excision of such tissue has the effect of generating lesions within the... | This study illustrates that maintenance and remodeling of cartilage matrix close to wound edges in articular cartilage lesions is compromised, since fewer cells, with an unchanged metabolic activity rate, are left to sustain matrix domains. | yes |
25618371 | Is recurrent amplification of MYC and TNFRSF11B in 8q24 associated with poor survival in patients with gastric cancer? | [
"Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive malignancy whose mechanisms of development and progression are poorly understood. The identification of prognosis-related genomic loci and genes may suffer from the relatively small case numbers and a lack of systematic validation in previous studies.",
"Array-based comparati... | Our results revealed that copy number gains in MYC and TNFRSF11B located at 8q24 are associated with survival in GC, particularly noncardia GC. | yes |
12515656 | Do [ An experimental investigation of deep burn by constant low heat ]? | [
"To investigate the basic pathogenetic rule and mechanism of deep burn by constant low heat.",
"Animal burn model inflicted by constant low heat was established as follows. (1) The rats were randomly divided into groups in terms of temperature and duration of contact. The burn wound formation process, the skin ti... | (1) The sharp increase in subcutaneous temperature leading to degeneration and necrosis might be the primary cause of deep burn. (2) The regularity of the skin tissue injury was the result of multiple effects of heat-origin injury, increase of capillary permeability and the change in tissue mass. | yes |
24982914 | Does a large French case-control study emphasize the role of rare Mc1R variants in melanoma risk? | [
"The MC1R gene implicated in melanogenesis and skin pigmentation is highly polymorphic. Several alleles are associated with red hair and fair skin phenotypes and contribute to melanoma risk.",
"This work aims to assess the effect of different classes of MC1R variants, notably rare variants, on melanoma risk. Meth... | This work confirms the role of R and r alleles in melanoma risk in the French population and proposes a novel class of rare D variants as important melanoma risk factors. These findings may improve the definition of high-risk subjects that could be targeted for melanoma prevention and screening. | yes |
21852616 | Does accumulation of dietary docosahexaenoic acid in the brain attenuate acute immune response and development of postischemic neuronal damage? | [
"Consumption of fish has been shown to reduce risk of coronary heart disease and, possibly, of ischemic stroke. Because docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the most likely neuroactive component within fish oil, we hypothesized that exposing mice to a DHA-enriched diet may reduce inflammation and protect neurons against i... | Collectively, these data indicate that diet-induced accumulation of DHA in the brain protects against postischemic inflammation and injury. Because DHA is widely available at low cost and has an excellent safety profile, our data suggest that increased DHA intake may provide protection against acute immune response/bra... | yes |
15608598 | Does galanin microinjection in the third ventricle increase voluntary ethanol intake? | [
"The neuropeptide galanin increases food intake. Chronic ethanol (EtOH) increases the expression of galanin in the hypothalamus. The research presented here examines the effects of microinjection of galanin in the third ventricle on voluntary alcohol intake.",
"Male Sprague Dawley rats with a cannula in the third... | These data show that galanin injected in the third ventricle increases EtOH consumption and that the effect can occur during both the light and the dark periods of the diurnal cycle in the presence of food and water. This suggests that galanin may play a role in augmenting voluntary alcohol intake and perhaps the devel... | yes |
24461085 | Do incidence and complications of peptic ulcer disease requiring hospitalisation have markedly decreased in Finland? | [
"The characteristics of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are changing.",
"To evaluate time trends in the incidence of PUD and its complications in hospitalised patients at the beginning of the 21st century, drug therapies in out-patient care as a risk factor for recurrent PUD, and medication used by PUD patients compar... | Both the incidence and complication rates have markedly decreased during the study period. Recurrent peptic ulcer disease was associated with polypharmacy. | yes |
21342519 | Is nonsynonymous substitution rate ( Ka ) a relatively consistent parameter for defining fast-evolving and slow-evolving protein-coding genes? | [
"Mammalian genome sequence data are being acquired in large quantities and at enormous speeds. We now have a tremendous opportunity to better understand which genes are the most variable or conserved, and what their particular functions and evolutionary dynamics are, through comparative genomics.",
"We chose huma... | Our study suggests that Ka calculation, which is less biased compared to Ks and Ka/Ks, can be used as a parameter to sort genes by evolution rate and can also provide a way to categorize common protein functions and define their interaction networks, either pair-wise or in defined lineages or subgroups. Evaluating gene... | yes |
26598940 | Do low light intensity and nitrogen starvation modulate the chlorophyll content of Scenedesmus dimorphus? | [
"Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment found in plants and algal organisms and is a bioproduct with human health benefits and a great potential for use in the food industry. The chlorophyll content in microalgae strains varies in response to environmental factors. In this work, we assessed the effect of nitrogen ... | In contrast to nitrogen depletion, low light availability was an effective mean for increasing the total chlorophyll content of green microalga S. dimorphus. | yes |
21784959 | Is high visfatin expression in breast cancer tissue associated with poor survival? | [
"Adipocytokines, adipocyte-secreted hormones, play a critical role in breast cancer development. The expression of visfatin, a newly discovered adipocytokine, in breast cancer tissues was determined and correlated with patient clinicopathologic variables.",
"Visfatin expression in breast cancer tissues was analyz... | High visfatin expression in breast cancer tissue is associated with more malignant cancer behavior as well as poor patient survival. | yes |
10952462 | Is susceptibility to diabetes widely distributed in normal class IIu haplotype rats? | [
"We did experiments to explore the pathways putatively leading to Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, and their association with the MHC locus, the major genetic determinant of disease susceptibility.",
"Normal MHC congenic rat strains that do not spontaneously develop diabetes or any other autoimmune s... | The minimum requirements for autoimmune diabetes development in the rat include: RT1 Class II(u) genes, a T-cell repertoire containing beta-cell autoreactive T cells and a triggering event which breaks tolerance by the local up regulation of pancreatic endothelial adhesion receptors. Even when all of the minimum requir... | yes |
27793451 | Is inflammatory bowel disease associated with an increased risk of inflammatory skin diseases : A population-based cross-sectional study? | [
"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract attributed to aberrant activity of the immune system. Increasing evidence suggests that patients with IBD are at an increased risk of inflammatory skin diseases (ISDs).",
"We sought to clarify the association between IBD and ISDs... | We were unable to distinguish phenotypes and severities of skin diseases. | yes |
24932141 | Are a prospective questionnaire study in 100 healthy sleepers : non-bothersome forms of recognizable sleep disorders still present? | [
"Despite several polysomnographic normative studies and multiple surveys of sleep disorders in the general population, few data have been collected on healthy sleepers. We aimed to survey the characteristics of healthy sleep.",
"We prospectively investigated the sleep history of 100 subjects of a representative p... | In this population of healthy sleepers, snoring is the most common finding. Moreover, non-bothersome forms of recognizable sleep-related movement disorders and parasomnias are surprisingly common. These findings may suggest that diagnostic criteria of sleep disorders should not only be based on the presence of symptoms... | yes |
9832484 | Is human prostaglandin transporter gene ( hPGT ) regulated by fluid mechanical stimuli in cultured endothelial cells and expressed in vascular endothelium in vivo? | [
"biomechanical forces generated by blood flow within the cardiovascular system have been proposed as important modulators of regional endothelial phenotype and function. This process is thought to involve the regulation of vascular gene expression by physiological fluid mechanical stimuli such as fluid shear stress... | Our results identify hPGT as an inducible gene in vascular endothelium and suggest that biomechanical stimuli generated by blood flow in vivo may be important determinants of hPGT expression. Furthermore, this demonstration of regulated endothelial expression of hPGT implicates this molecule in the regional metabolism ... | yes |
19330314 | Does a common genetic variant in WFS1 determine impaired glucagon-like peptide-1-induced insulin secretion? | [
"WFS1 type 2 diabetes risk variants appear to be associated with impaired beta cell function, although it is unclear whether insulin secretion is affected directly or secondarily via alteration of insulin sensitivity. We aimed to investigate the effect of a common WFS1 single-nucleotide polymorphism on several aspe... | A common genetic variant in WFS1 specifically impairs GLP-1-induced insulin secretion independently of insulin sensitivity. This defect might explain the impaired insulin secretion in carriers of the risk allele and confer the increased risk of type 2 diabetes. | yes |
23564918 | Is n-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide a stronger predictor of cardiovascular mortality than C-reactive protein and albumin excretion rate in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes : the Casale Monferrato population-based study? | [
"To study whether N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a short-term independent predictor of both all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in type 2 diabetic patients and to establish whether albuminuria and C-reactive protein (CRP) affect this relationship.",
"The prospective study included ... | NT-proBNP is a strong independent predictor of short-term CV mortality risk in elderly people with type 2 diabetes, including those without preexisting CVD. This association is evident even in people with slightly increased values, is not modified by CRP, and is additive to that provided by AER. | yes |
24926776 | Do the versatility of the temporoparietal fascial graft ( TPFG ) in orbital implant exposure? | [
"The use of TPFGs for hydroxyapatite, porous polyethylene and silicone implant exposure has been described previously. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of this technique for acrylic implant exposure and paediatric patients.",
"To demonstrate the versatility of the TPFG in orbital implant e... | This study provides further supporting evidence for the safety and efficacy of the TPFG and demonstrates the use of this graft in a variety of different clinical situations. | yes |
25618554 | Is sarcopenia a risk factor for elevated aminotransferase in men independently of body mass index , dietary habits , and physical activity? | [
"Aminotransferase activity is a surrogate marker of liver injury showing strong correlations with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, elevated aminotransferase activity is not uncommon in non-obese and non-alcoholic patients in clinical practice.",
"To examine the relationship between sarcopenia and aminotra... | Sarcopenia is a risk factor for elevated aminotransferase in men, independently of body mass index, dietary habits, and physical activity. | yes |
23889459 | Does limited impact of EU paediatric regulation on Finnish clinical trials highlight need for Nordic collaboration? | [
"The Finnish Investigators Network for Paediatric Medicines (FINPEDMED) was established in 2007, to meet the expected increase in paediatric clinical trials following the new EU Paediatric Regulation. Between 2007 and 2012, FINPEDMED received 91 trial requests, 18 trials were started, and in 24 cases, Finnish inves... | This experience from Finland highlights the need for Nordic collaboration to increase expertise, recruitment base and attractiveness for sponsors. | yes |
23895892 | Does the Aristotle score predict mortality after surgery of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants? | [
"Outcomes after surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants are often complicated by prematurity associated comorbidities. The Aristotle comprehensive complexity score (ACCS) has been proposed as a useful tool for complexity adjustment in the analysis of outcome after congenital heart sur... | The ACCS, especially for procedure-independent complexity factors, is a useful tool to predict mortality after ligation of PDA in preterm infants. | yes |
16116492 | Is milk intake inversely related to obesity in men and in young women : data from the Portuguese Health Interview Survey 1998-1999? | [
"To assess the relationships between milk intake and body mass index (BMI) in a representative sample of the mainland Portuguese population.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"National Health Interview Survey 1998-1999. Average daily milk intake was calculated by a frequency questionnaire that also assessed the avera... | Increased calcium intake is slightly but significantly negatively related with BMI in men and premenopausal women. The lack of relationship in older women might be due to the hormonal status, but awaits further investigation. | yes |
17662766 | Is the presence of Down syndrome a risk factor in complete atrioventricular septal defect repair? | [
"Down syndrome is frequently associated with complete atrioventricular septal defect. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of Down syndrome on morphologic features, surgical management, and perioperative and long-term mortality in patients with complete atrioventricular septal defect.",
... | The presence of Down syndrome in patients with complete atrioventricular septal defect is not a risk factor for surgical repair. Because of the early development of pulmonary vascular disease, primary repair should be performed within the first 6 months of life. In the long term, reintervention on the left atrioventric... | no |
19121219 | Does analysis of the platypus genome suggest a transposon origin for mammalian imprinting? | [
"Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that results in monoallelic gene expression. Many hypotheses have been advanced to explain why genomic imprinting evolved in mammals, but few have examined how it arose. The host defence hypothesis suggests that imprinting evolved from existing mechanisms within the c... | Our analyses show that the platypus has significantly fewer repeats of certain classes in the regions of the genome that have become imprinted in therian mammals. The accumulation of repeats, especially long terminal repeats and DNA elements, in therian imprinted genes and gene clusters is coincident with, and may have... | yes |
26263033 | Does walking with Non-Invasive Ventilation Prevent Exercise-Induced Hypoxaemia in Stable Hypercapnic COPD Patients? | [
"Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in addition to supplemental oxygen improves arterial oxygenation, walking distance and dyspnea when applied during exercise in stable hypercapnic COPD patients. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether NPPV without supplemental oxygen is capable of p... | The use of NPPV during walking without the application of supplemental oxygen does not prevent exercise-induced hypoxemia in patients with stable hypercapnic COPD. | no |
20609563 | Do meta-analyses of small numbers of trials often agree with longer-term results? | [
"Many systematic reviews include only a few studies. It is unclear whether recommendations based on these will be correct in the longer term; hence, this article explores whether meta-analyses give reliable results after only a few studies.",
"Cumulative meta-analysis of data from 65 meta-analyses from 18 Cochran... | Many of the conclusions drawn from systematic reviews with small numbers of included studies will be correct in the long run, but it is not possible to predict which ones. | yes |
20098184 | Does antimicrobial Peptide immunity protect human nasal and auricular cartilage against infection? | [
"Despite being impervious to surveillance by the adaptive immune system because of its lack of vascularity, infection of the nasal and auricular cartilage after surgery such as rhinoplasty or otoplasty is rare. Why is this so? Our goal was to determine whether the expression of antimicrobial peptides provides a pre... | We provide the first evidence of antimicrobial peptide expression (hBD-1, -2 and -3) within the perichondrium and cartilage matrix layers of the nasal and auricular cartilage. This previously unrecognized innate immune function of perichondrocytes and chondrocytes may explain the resistance of the nasal and auricular c... | yes |
20649563 | Is endocannabinoid-like N-arachidonoyl serine a novel pro-angiogenic mediator? | [
"N-arachidonoyl serine (ARA-S) is a recently identified endocannabinoid-like lipid with weak affinity for the fully characterized cannabinoid receptors (CB(1) and CB(2)) and the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV-1). ARA-S induces vasodilatation and shows vasoprotective potential via activation... | Our results indicate that ARA-S is a pro-angiogenic factor in addition to a vessel dilator. The GPR55 receptor may serve as one target of ARA-S. | yes |
20381257 | Does pathway genetic load allow simultaneous evaluation of multiple genetic associations? | [
"Despite the general success of genome-wide association studies, much heritability remains unidentified in many disease states. Some of this 'missing' heritability may lie in epistatic interactions among multiple loci, which are typically ignored. We utilized a method for simultaneous evaluation of epistatic intera... | Relative size and variability of aORs indicate greater power to detect genetic associations with PGL compared to the analysis of loci individually by multivariate logistic regression. | yes |
26454552 | Do longitudinal investigation of interpersonal trauma exposure and alcohol use trajectories? | [
"The current longitudinal study examined associations between interpersonal potentially traumatic events (PTEs; i.e., sexual or physical assault) and changes in alcohol consumption among incoming college students.",
"1197 students (68% female) participating in a university-wide research study were included in ana... | There may be a stronger and longer-lasting impact of interpersonal PTE for college women compared to men on alcohol phenotypes, although replication in studies oversampling men endorsing interpersonal PTE is needed. | yes |
8550312 | Does adenosine promote regulation of corneal hydration through cyclic adenosine monophosphate? | [
"To investigate the cellular mechanisms whereby adenosine increases net transendothelial fluid transport by the endothelial cells of the cornea.",
"Rabbit corneas were isolated and the endothelial surface was superfused while thickness was measured with the specular microscope. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAM... | Adenosine increases net endothelial fluid transport through an increase in cAMP. The effects are mediated by stimulation of adenylyl cyclase through a G-protein coupled to an adenosine receptor, which is most probably of the A2 beta subtype. Results suggest that the regulation of corneal hydration by adenosine is more ... | yes |
20631624 | Are interleukin-1B and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms associated with premalignant gastric conditions : a combined haplotype analysis? | [
"Contradictory results have been reported about the role of interleukin-1B (IL1B) and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) alleles in gastric carcinogenesis. Here, IL1B and IL1RN polymorphisms were analyzed as genotypes and haplotypes in relation to the presence of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia in th... | The determination of these IL1-related loci does not have any predictive value for stratification of subgroups with respect to gastric cancer risk. | no |
18294355 | Is decreased factor XII activity associated with recurrent IVF-ET failure? | [
"A decrease in factor XII (FXII) activity has been observed in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriages. Because of the many similarities between recurrent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failure and early pregnancy loss patients, we investigated whether women with recurrent IVF-ET failure had ... | Decreased FXII activity may causally relate to reproductive failure. | yes |
16357318 | Is endothelial ephrinB2 controlled by microenvironmental determinants and associates context-dependently with CD31? | [
"The EphB ligand ephrinB2 has been identified as a critical determinant of arterial endothelial differentiation and as a positive regulator of invading endothelial cells during angiogenesis. This study was aimed at identifying determinants of endothelial cell ephrinB2 expression.",
"Arteriovenous asymmetrical end... | This study identifies distinct regulatory mechanisms of endothelial ephrinB2 expression and cellular distribution in quiescent and activated endothelial cells. The data demonstrate that endothelial cell ephrinB2 expression is controlled by microenvironmental determinants rather than being an intrinsic endothelial cell ... | yes |
26400251 | Are sacral Insufficiency Fractures Common After High-dose Radiation for Sacral Chordomas Treated With or Without Surgery? | [
"Surgery with high-dose radiation and high-dose radiation alone for sacral chordomas have shown promising local control rates. However, we have noted frequent sacral insufficiency fractures and perceived this rate to be higher than previously reported.",
"We wished (1) to characterize the incidence of sacral insu... | Acknowledging the limitations of potential differences in baseline and followup among treatment groups in our study, we found that almost ½ of our patients experienced an insufficiency fracture. We found that the fracture rate was greater in the surgery group compared with the radiation alone group and that high sacrec... | yes |
23855791 | Does peripheral neuropathy induce cutaneous hypersensitivity in chronically spinalized rats? | [
"The present study was aimed at the issue of whether peripheral nerve injury-induced chronic pain is maintained by supraspinal structures governing descending facilitation to the spinal dorsal horn, or whether altered peripheral nociceptive mechanisms sustain central hyperexcitability and, in turn, neuropathic pain... | Our findings demonstrate an aberrant peripheral/spinal mechanism that induces and maintains thermal and to a greater degree tactile cutaneous hypersensitivity in the cuff model of neuropathic pain, and raise the prospect that altered peripheral/spinal nociceptive mechanisms in humans with peripheral neuropathy may have... | yes |
16874204 | Is the scalp an advantageous donor site for thin-skin grafts : a report on 945 harvested samples? | [
"Thin-skin grafts taken from the thigh or buttock take a long time to heal and leave permanent scars.",
"The authors conducted a retrospective study based on their experience with 945 thin-skin grafts (0.2 mm) taken from the scalps of 757 adult patients between January of 1999 and December of 2003.",
"Of the 75... | The results of this study confirm the rapidity of scalp healing compared with other donor sites. Providing patients with clear, detailed explanations helps minimize the psychological impact of having their heads shaved, and a rigorous technique can contain the two major potential risks: hemorrhage and alopecia. The adu... | yes |
27423115 | Do neuromagnetic signatures of syllable processing in fetuses and infants provide no evidence for habituation? | [
"Habituation, as a basic form of learning, is characterized by decreasing amplitudes of neuronal reaction following repeated stimuli. Recent studies indicate that habituation to pure tones of different frequencies occurs in fetuses and infants.",
"Neural processing of different syllables in fetuses and infants wa... | Fetuses and infants showed AERs to syllables. Unlike fetuses, infants showed a discriminative neural response to syllables. Habituation was not observed in either fetuses or infants. These findings could be important for the investigation of early cognitive competencies and may help to gain a better understanding of la... | yes |
27598389 | Is steroid use in Lyme disease-associated facial palsy associated with worse long-term outcomes? | [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in long-term facial function outcomes following acute Lyme disease-associated facial palsy (LDFP) exist between patients who received antibiotic monotherapy (MT); dual therapy (DT) with antibiotics and corticosteroids; and triple therapy (TT) with anti... | An association between corticosteroid use in acute LDFP and worse long-term facial function outcomes has been demonstrated. Care should be taken in differentiating viral or idiopathic facial palsy (e.g., Bell palsy) from LDFP. | yes |
19592567 | Do ascorbic acid and tetrahydrobiopterin potentiate the EDHF phenomenon by generating hydrogen peroxide? | [
"Our objective was to investigate whether pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid (AA) and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) modulate endothelium-dependent, electrotonically mediated arterial relaxation.",
"In studies with rabbit iliac artery (RIA) rings, NO-independent, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF... | Pro-oxidant effects of AA and BH(4) can enhance the EDHF phenomenon by generating H(2)O(2), which has previously been shown to amplify electrotonic hyperpolarization-mediated relaxation by facilitating Ca(2+) release from endothelial stores. | yes |
8535040 | Does the utility of comparative local anesthetic block versus placebo-controlled blocks for the diagnosis of cervical zygapophysial joint pain? | [
"The development of target-specific local anesthetic blocks has enabled pain physicians to explore the anatomical source of chronic spinal pain. However, such blocks rely on subjective responses and may be subject to the placebo effect. Comparative local anesthetic blocks have been advocated as a means of identifyi... | Whether physicians use comparative or placebo-controlled blocks depends upon the implications of their results. If innocuous therapy will be prescribed, comparative blocks might suffice. However, when diagnostic certainty is critical, such as in a medicolegal context or when surgical intervention is contemplated, place... | yes |
18250044 | Does [ Toluene diisocyanate increase vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells ]? | [
"To investigate the effect of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells.",
"TDI-human serum albumin (TDI- HSA) conjugate was prepared using a modified Son's method. MTT assay was used to examine the viability of HBE135-E6E7 ... | TDI induces significant increase in VEGF expression in HBE cells, and VEGF overexpression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of TDI-induced asthma. | yes |
25908261 | Does the free-radical scavenger edaravone accelerate thrombolysis with alteplase in an experimental thrombosis model? | [
"Reperfusion injury after thrombolytic therapy can have adverse neurologic effects. The free-radical scavenger edaravone is used in combination with the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator alteplase to treat acute ischemic stroke. However, basic investigations of this combination use remain inadequate. Here, w... | These results support the hypothesis that edaravone accelerates thrombolysis by alteplase. | yes |
12826861 | Does uterine cervical distension induce cFos expression in deep dorsal horn neurons of the rat spinal cord? | [
"Uterine cervical distension underlies labor pain, yet its neurophysiology and pharmacology of inhibition remain unexplored. The authors examined uterine cervical distension-evoked cFos immunoreactivity in rat spinal cords, and the inhibitory effect of spinal cyclo-oxygenase inhibition on cFos expression.",
"Fema... | The present study demonstrates that uterine cervical distension results in a similar pattern of spinal cord neuronal activation as seen with other noxious visceral stimuli. The inhibition of cFos expression by intrathecal ketorolac suggests that spinal cyclo-oxygenase plays a role in uterine cervical distension-induced... | yes |
27836485 | Is thalidomide a therapeutic agent that is effective in inducing and maintaining endoscopic remission in adult CD patients? | [
"Previous studies have indicated that thalidomide may be effective in achieving clinical remission and response; however, there is a lack of studies on its effect in endoscopic remission. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in inducing and maintaining endoscopic remission.",
... | Thalidomide therapy is effective in inducing and maintaining endoscopic remission in adult CD patients. However, side effects may limit its clinical use in CD treatment. | yes |
22926857 | Does miR-206 regulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer disease model? | [
"Alzheimer disease (AD) brains are deficient in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which regulates synaptic plasticity and memory. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼22-nucleotide small noncoding RNAs that control a variety of physiological and disease processes. Here, we show that miR-206 regulates BDNF and memory fun... | Our findings demonstrate a novel miRNA-dependent regulation of BDNF in AD and suggest possible therapeutic approaches, such as noninvasive intranasal delivery of AM206. | yes |
22973445 | Does galectin-8 promote cytoskeletal rearrangement in trabecular meshwork cells through activation of Rho signaling? | [
"The trabecular meshwork (TM) cell-matrix interactions and factors that influence Rho signaling in TM cells are thought to play a pivotal role in the regulation of aqueous outflow. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of a carbohydrate-binding protein, galectin-8 (Gal8), in TM cell adhesion and Rho s... | The above findings present a novel function for Gal8 in activating Rho signaling in TM cells. This function may allow Gal8 to participate in the regulation of aqueous outflow. | yes |
19175655 | Does growth pattern in the muscular layer reflect the biological behaviour of colorectal cancer? | [
"To determine the clinical value of evaluating the cancer morphology in muscularis propria (MP) for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.",
"A total of 994 patients with advanced CRC were reviewed in terms of two distinctive growth patterns in the MP: (i) horizontal spread between the circular and longitudinal muscle... | A particular group of CRCs ingeniously utilizes the thin space between muscle fascicles for development in the MP. Although the biological mechanism remains unknown, this distinctive growth pattern could be a useful indicator to identify CRC patients at high risk of recurrence. | yes |
15610277 | Is turbulence slope after atrial premature complexes an independent predictor of mortality in survivors of acute myocardial infarction? | [
"Heart rate turbulence is a potent postinfarction risk predictor that originally was investigated when it was triggered by ventricular premature complexes. Similar heart rate response is present after atrial premature complexes. \"Atrial\" turbulence slope (TSA) moderately correlates with \"ventricular\" turbulence... | TSA is a significant and independent predictor of all-cause mortality in postinfarction patients with left ventricular dysfunction. | yes |
24481187 | Does epistasis between antibiotic resistance mutations drive the evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? | [
"Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a growing threat to global health. Studies focusing on single antibiotics have shown that drug resistance is often associated with a fitness cost in the absence of drug. However, little is known about the fitness cost associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics.",
"W... | Our results suggest that epistasis between drug resistance mutations in mycobacteria can lead to MDR strains with no fitness deficit, and that these strains are positively selected in settings with a high burden of drug-resistant TB. Taken together, our findings support a role for epistasis in the evolution and epidemi... | yes |
22694110 | Does guideline-based peer-to-peer consultation optimize pegfilgrastim use with no adverse clinical consequences? | [
"Practice guidelines do not recommend the routine use of colony-stimulating factors when there is a low risk (<10%) of febrile neutropenia (FN). We prospectively determined whether expert peer-to-peer consultation with prescribing oncologists would improve adherence to guidelines and whether there would be any adve... | Active expert peer-to-peer consultation with prescribing oncologists can promote adherence to guidelines and potentially lead to significant cost reductions without significant risk of neutropenic fever, with or without hospitalization, for patients with cancer. | yes |
25636807 | Do contraceptive adherence among women Veterans with mental illness and substance use disorder? | [
"Emerging data suggest that mental illness and substance use disorder (SUD) are important risk factors for inconsistent contraceptive use. We investigated whether mental illness without or with SUD is associated with contraceptive adherence and continuation of hormonal methods among women Veterans.",
"We conducte... | Mental illness, particularly with comorbid SUD, is associated with reduced contraceptive adherence and continuation among women Veterans. Women with these risk factors could potentially benefit from use of long-acting reversible methods. | yes |
17668695 | Does maximal inspiratory pressure predict mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a five-year follow-up? | [
"The therapeutic modality for the treatment of COPD depends on the proper determination of all factors that may have an effect on the course and prognosis of the disease.",
"To assess the prognostic role of maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and a large group of lung function parameters in patients with COPD fo... | Low PImax was associated with greater overall mortality rate in this cohort of patients with COPD. | yes |
18565216 | Does altered fractalkine cleavage potentially promote local inflammation in NOD salivary gland? | [
"In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren's syndrome, lymphocytic infiltration is preceded by an accumulation of dendritic cells in the submandibular glands (SMGs). NOD mice also exhibit an increased frequency of mature, fractalkine receptor (CX3C chemokine receptor [CX3CR]1) expressing monocytes, whic... | These data indicate that aberrant proteolytic activity in the NOD SMG results in increased fractalkine cleavage and generation of a unique fractalkine fragment. This specific cleavage may contribute to autoimmunity. | yes |
12401856 | Does creatine monohydrate treatment alleviate muscle cramps associated with haemodialysis? | [
"Muscle cramp is a common complication of haemodialysis. The exact mechanism of this complication is still unknown. Many approaches have been used to relieve the muscle cramping but have had variable effects. One of the possible mechanisms of haemodialysis-associated muscle cramps (HAMC) is the disturbance of muscl... | These data suggest that creatine monohydrate can reduce the incidence of HAMC and that it may be a safe agent. | yes |
25376086 | Does ara h 2 and Ara h 6 sensitization predict peanut allergy in Mediterranean pediatric patients? | [
"Peanut allergy (PA) management was improved by the introduction of molecular allergology, but guidelines for Mediterranean patients are lacking. We aimed at evaluating peanut component-resolved diagnosis as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in children from Southern France.",
"In 181 pediatric patients, PA diagno... | Ara h 6 and Ara h 2 are the best predictors of PA at diagnosis in Mediterranean pediatric patients. Ara h 1, Ara h 8, and molecular complexity are associated with PA persistence. | yes |
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