id stringlengths 6 8 | question stringlengths 17 664 | context listlengths 1 12 | response stringlengths 1 3.12k | answer stringclasses 3
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25222341 | Is soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in contrast to high-sensitive C-reactive-protein associated with coronary artery calcifications in healthy middle-aged subjects? | [
"The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between two markers of low-grade inflammation; soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP); and coronary artery calcification (CAC) score detected by cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan... | suPAR, but not hs-CRP, appeared to be associated with CAC score independently of SCORE. The association was strongest in women. | yes |
22071067 | Is an initial miscarriage associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the following pregnancy? | [
"The objective of the study was to determine whether 1 previous miscarriage is associated with an increased rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the following pregnancy.",
"Second pregnancies of women with and without a miscarriage in their initial pregnancy were compared. Multivariable logistic regression model... | An initial miscarriage is independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. | yes |
21712777 | Are serum resistin concentrations associated with HbA1c in obese non-diabetics , but not in obese diabetics : a cross-sectional human study? | [
"Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and resistin may be influenced by diabetes, but their associations remain unclear. We hypothesized that serum resistin might be parallel to Hb1c.",
"We measured serum resistin in 134 obese non-diabetic (73 women and 61 men), and 65 obese diabetic (33 women and 32 men) humans, and ... | Resistin concentrations are similar in diabetic and non-diabetic humans with the same range of obesity. However, resistin is associated with HbA1c only in non-diabetic obese individuals which may point to the fact that resistin is a marker of glycaemic balance in obesity but not in diabetes. | yes |
25680198 | Does upregulation of IGF-1R expression during neoadjuvant therapy predict poor outcome in breast cancer patients? | [
"The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) may be involved in the development of resistance against conventional cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to assess whether IGF-1R expression of breast tumors changes during neoadjuvant therapy and to study whether these changes were associated with surviv... | Neoadjuvant therapy can induce changes in IGF-1R expression. Upregulation of IGF-1R expression after neoadjuvant treatment is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer patients, providing a rationale for incorporating anti-IGF-1R drugs in the management of these patients. | yes |
24593209 | Is elevated miR-29a expression correlated with disease activity index in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis? | [
"Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by new bone formation. Recent evidence suggests that new bone formation in AS may be due to upregulation of Wnt signaling in the osteoblastic pathway secondary to low serum Dickkopf homolog 1 (Dkk-1) levels. And miR-29a orchestrates osteob... | We report for the first time elevated miR-29a expression in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and miR-29a might be used as a useful diagnostic marker in new bone formation but cannot reflect disease activity. | no |
26674097 | Is a polymorphism in the base excision repair gene PARP2 associated with differential prognosis by chemotherapy among postmenopausal breast cancer patients? | [
"Personalized therapy considering clinical and genetic patient characteristics will further improve breast cancer survival. Two widely used treatments, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can induce oxidative DNA damage and, if not repaired, cell death. Since base excision repair (BER) activity is specific for oxidative... | Our data suggest for the first time that a SNP in PARP2, rs878156, may together with other genetic variants modulate cancer specific survival in breast cancer patients depending on chemotherapy. These germline SNPs could contribute towards the design of predictive tests for breast cancer patients. | yes |
23728537 | Does biofilm medium lead to apatite formation on bioactive surfaces? | [
"When investigating apatite formation on biomaterial surfaces, simulated body fluid (SBF) is used as an in vitro solution, however, it does not provide an appropriate environment for the growth of bacterial biofilm. The aim of the present study was to compare the bioactivity in terms of apatite formation on two bio... | The use of BM is a promising method for studies involving simultaneous biofilm growth and apatite formation on bioactive surfaces. | yes |
15814623 | Does dedifferentiation precede invasion in the progression from Barrett 's metaplasia to esophageal adenocarcinoma? | [
"Adenocarcinoma arises in Barrett's esophagus by progression from metaplasia to cancer through grades of dysplasia. Our aim in this exploratory study was to characterize the broad changes in gene expression that underlie this histologic progression to cancer and assess the potential for using these gene expression ... | Histologic progression from Barrett's epithelium to cancer is associated with a gradient of increasing changes in gene expression characterized by an early loss of gene function governing differentiation that begins before histologic change; gain in function of genes related to remodeling and invasiveness follows later... | yes |
18166689 | Is fat mass but not fat-free mass related to physical capacity in well-functioning older individuals : nutrition as a determinant of successful aging ( NuAge ) -- the Quebec Longitudinal Study? | [
"Aging is associated with increases in fat mass (FM) and decreases in fat-free mass (FFM) that may affect physical capacity. However, it is not clear whether high FM or low FFM contribute more to a reduction in physical capacity.",
"A structural equation modeling strategy was used to test an explanatory model of ... | FM was significantly and inversely correlated with physical capacity, whereas FFM was not associated when controlled for other potential confounding variables. More studies are needed to investigate the effect of different levels of obesity on physical capacity in older individuals. | yes |
25311055 | Do dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes : a cohort study? | [
"Two recent randomized controlled trials of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with history of, or at high risk of, cardiovascular disease (CVD) showed no risk of ischemic cardiovascular events associated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), but an increased risk of heart failure (HF) with saxaglip... | Among T2DM patients, initiating DPP4i was not associated with a greater risk of CVD or HF compared to non-DPP4i initiators. | no |
27598995 | Does granzyme A contribute to inflammatory arthritis through stimulation of osteoclastogenesis? | [
" Granzyme A (GzmA) is elevated in the plasma and synovium in RA patients suggesting the involvement of the protease in its pathogenesis. GzmA contributes to sepsis by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production. We evaluated the contribution of GzmA to the pathogenesis of RA in vivo and the possibility that Gz... | GzmA contributes, in part by promoting osteoclast differentiation, to the joint destruction in RA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | yes |
26390972 | Is oxygen uptake more efficient in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension than in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension? | [
"The responses of oxygen uptake efficiency (OUE) during cardiopulmonary exercise training (CPET) have not been reported in patients with pulmonary hypertension. We aimed to investigate the differences in OUE between patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary... | OUEP and OUE@AT are higher in IPAH than that in CTEPH not in proportion to haemodynamics, probably due to differences in cardiac function and pulmonary vascular occlusion. OUEP correlates well with the exercise capacity and the severity of the disease. | yes |
16504019 | Are leptin and leptin receptor polymorphisms associated with increased risk and poor prognosis of breast carcinoma? | [
"Leptin (LEP) has been consistently associated with angiogenesis and tumor growth. Leptin exerts its physiological action through its specific receptor (LEPR). We have investigated whether genetic variations in LEP and LEPR have implications for susceptibility to and prognosis in breast carcinoma.",
"We used the ... | Our results indicated that the polymorphisms in LEP and LEPR genes are associated with increased breast cancer risk as well as disease progress, supporting our hypothesis for leptin involvement in cancer pathogenesis. | yes |
11126258 | Are ratios of observed to expected mortality affected by differences in case mix and quality of care? | [
"To validate SAPS II-AM, a recently customized version of the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) in a larger cohort of Austrian intensive care patients and to evaluate the effect of the customization process on the ratio of observed to expected mortality.",
"Prospective, multicentric cohort study.",
... | Today's severity scoring systems, such as the SAPS II, are limited by not measuring (and adjusting for) a profound part of what constitutes case mix. Changes in the distribution of patient characteristics (known and unknown) therefore affect prognostic accuracy. First-level customization was not able to solve all these... | yes |
19453571 | Is aggressive periodontitis likely influenced by a few small effect genes? | [
"To evaluate the inheritance mode of aggressive periodontitis in a collection of families with a similar geographic origin.",
"Segregation analysis was performed in pedigree data from 74 families by the use of the SEGREG program of SAGE v.5.4.2. Homogeneous no transmission, homogeneous Mendelian transmission, hom... | This result provides strong support for the hypothesis that genetic factors play a role in aggressive periodontitis and that a few loci, each with relatively small effects, contribute to aggressive periodontitis, with or without interaction with environmental factors. | yes |
17570111 | Are hepatitis C virus dynamics during natural infection associated with long-term histological outcome of chronic hepatitis C disease? | [
"The long-term dynamics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and their association with hepatitis C disease are unknown.",
"Fifty-two treatment-naive subjects with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection were selected from the Alaska Natives and American Indians cohort. Viral RNA levels were measured in 223 specimens (m... | Histological progression of hepatitis C is tightly associated with homogenization of HCV quasispecies, perhaps reflecting immune failure and/or selective outgrowth of aggressive viral variants. | yes |
27478936 | Does self-report of ADHD show limited agreement with objective markers of persistence and remittance? | [
"A controversial issue is whether self-report of symptoms and impairment is sufficient for diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents and adults in the absence of other informants, such as parents. The present study investigated how well self-report is reflected by cognitive-neuroph... | The findings show that self-reported ADHD outcome is not as well reflected by cognitive-neurophysiological and movement correlates as we previously found for parent-reported ADHD. | yes |
19439074 | Does early raise of BDNF in hippocampus suggest induction of posttranscriptional mechanisms by antidepressants? | [
"The neurotrophin BDNF has been implicated in the regulation of neuroplasticity, gene expression, and synaptic function in the adult brain, as well as in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and the mechanism of action of antidepressants. Antidepressant treatments have been shown to increase the expres... | These results suggest that BDNF protein is rapidly elevated by antidepressant treatments by posttranscriptional mechanisms, and that induction of BDNF mRNA is a slower process. | yes |
23760214 | Does homocysteine improve risk stratification in patients undergoing endarterectomy for asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis? | [
"A limited life expectancy reduces the benefit from carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for treatment of asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis. The aim of this study was to assess homocysteine as stratifying biomarker to improve prediction of postoperative survival.",
"This was a prospective, nonrandomized case ... | High plasma homocysteine levels suggest that older patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis might rather benefit from intensive medical therapy than from CEA. | yes |
19388896 | Does isoflurane attenuate pulmonary interleukin-1beta and systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha following mechanical ventilation in healthy mice? | [
"Mechanical ventilation (MV) induces an inflammatory response in healthy lungs. The resulting pro-inflammatory state is a risk factor for ventilator-induced lung injury and peripheral organ dysfunction. Isoflurane is known to have protective immunological effects on different organ systems. We tested the hypothesis... | The present study is the first to show that isoflurane attenuates the pulmonary IL-1beta and systemic TNF-alpha response following MV in healthy mice. | yes |
12580705 | Do estrogen levels correlate with improvement in cognition? | [
"To investigate whether an association exists between estradiol and estrone levels and measures of cognitive functioning in women with Alzheimer disease (AD) treated with conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin; Wyeth-Ayerst, Philadelphia, Pa).",
"We studied 120 postmenopausal women who underwent hysterectomy and wh... | Although Premarin elevated estradiol and estrone levels, there was no association between hormone levels and cognitive functioning after either 2 or 12 months of treatment. | no |
15851731 | Does cognitive status correlate with neuropathologic stage in Parkinson disease? | [
"To study the association of cognitive status with the stages of a published neuropathologic staging procedure for sporadic Parkinson disease (PD) in a cohort of 88 patients with PD from a single neurologic unit. None had received the clinical diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).",
"The authors assessed ... | The decrease in median Mini-Mental State Examination scores between PD stages 3 to 6 indicates that the risk of developing dementia increases with disease progression. In some individuals, however, cognitive decline can develop in the presence of mild Parkinson disease-related cortical pathology and, conversely, widesp... | yes |
22925068 | Does functional variant in methionine synthase reductase decrease the risk of Down syndrome in China? | [
"Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of human mental retardation and the genes involved in homocysteine/folate metabolism may play important roles in this condition. Methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) is one of the key regulatory enzymes involved in the metabolic pathway of homocysteine. We invest... | MTRR C524T polymorphism decreases the risk of DS in the Chinese population. | yes |
25724161 | Do curdlan-Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles Possess Macrophage Stimulant Activity and Drug Delivery Capabilities? | [
"There is significant interest in the application of nanoparticles to deliver immunostimulatory signals to cells. We hypothesized that curdlan (immune stimulating polymer) could be conjugated to PLGA and nanoparticles from this copolymer would possess immunostimulatory activity, be non-cytotoxic and function as an ... | PLGA nanoparticles with macrophage stimulating and sustained drug delivery capabilities have been prepared. These nanoparticles can be used to stimulate macrophages and concurrently deliver drug in infectious disease therapy. | yes |
21858203 | Does urokinase plasminogen activator inhibit HIV virion release from macrophage-differentiated chronically infected cells via activation of RhoA and PKCε? | [
"HIV replication in mononuclear phagocytes is a multi-step process regulated by viral and cellular proteins with the peculiar feature of virion budding and accumulation in intra-cytoplasmic vesicles. Interaction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) with its cell surface receptor (uPAR) has been shown to fa... | These findings illustrate the potential contribution of the uPA/uPAR system in the generation and/or maintenance of intra-cytoplasmic vesicles that actively accumulate virions, thus sustaining the presence of HIV reservoirs of macrophage origin. In addition, our observations also provide evidences that pathways control... | yes |
17182133 | Are patient-dependent variables affecting treatment and prediction of acute coronary syndrome age-related . A study performed in Israel? | [
"Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) prevails in older patients and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Little is known about patient-related variables that may affect course and treatment of ACS in older vs. younger with acute chest pain.",
"Situational, circumstantial, and other patient-related variabl... | We defined age-associated differences in patient-related variables that may predict ACS and affect treatment negatively. These variables might improve risk stratification upon hospitalization. | yes |
21095282 | Do uric acid level and allopurinol use as risk markers of mortality and morbidity in systolic heart failure? | [
"Previous studies have not extensively examined the association of hyperuricemia and adverse outcomes in systolic heart failure (HF) in relation to xanthine oxidase inhibitor therapy.",
"The Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation study included New York Heart Association class IIIB or IV patients w... | Elevated uric acid level was independently associated with mortality in patients with severe systolic HF, even when accounting for allopurinol use. | yes |
19258436 | Is c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue but not nuclear factor-kappaB activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells an independent determinant of insulin resistance in healthy individuals? | [
"Chronic low-grade activation of the immune system (CLAIS) predicts type 2 diabetes via a decrease in insulin sensitivity. Our study investigated potential relationships between nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways-two pathways proposed as the link between CLAIS and insul... | JNK1/2 activity in adipose tissue but not NF-kappaB activity in PBMCs is an independent determinant of insulin resistance in healthy individuals. | yes |
24679737 | Are severity of depression and anxiety predictors of response to antidepressant treatment in Parkinson 's disease? | [
"Antidepressants have appeared to be more effective than placebo treatment in treating depressive syndromes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).",
"To identify factors that predict improvement in depressive symptoms during antidepressant treatment in depressed PD patients.",
"A secondary analysis was perf... | Higher pre-treatment depression scores and lower pre-treatment anxiety scores are the two most important predictors for improvement during antidepressant treatment in depressed PD patients, which is in line with those found in treatment studies of depressed non-PD patients. Furthermore, our results indicate the require... | yes |
25683931 | Does independent reaching of the sitting position depend on the motor performance in the 3rd month of life? | [
"Sitting is one of milestones in motor development. However, reaching of the sitting position must precede achieving the ability of independent sitting. Qualitative assessment of motor performance at 3 months of age, with the prospective quantitative assessment of the function of independent reaching of the sitting... | Proper qualitative development at the age of 3 months is a good predictor of the achievement of independent reaching of the sitting position at the age of 8 months. | yes |
11338071 | Is neuroendocrine differentiation a relevant prognostic factor in stage III-IV colorectal cancer? | [
"To determine the prognostic relevance of neuroendocrine differentiation in colorectal cancer.",
"The survival of 116 patients with colorectal cancer of stages III (n = 59) and IV (n = 57) was correlated with the extent of neuroendocrine differentiation. Chromogranin A and synaptophysin were used as neuroendocrin... | Neuroendocrine differentiation is often seen in colorectal cancer. It is an independent prognostic factor in stage III-IV colorectal cancer. | yes |
15816553 | Does a sesquiterpenelactone from Inula britannica induce anti-tumor effects dependent on Bcl-2 phosphorylation? | [
"The over-expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in cancer is associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. The phosphorylation of Bcl-2 is one mechanism by which anti-microtubule agents, such as paclitaxel or docetaxel, may inactivate Bcl-2. Although initially active in clinical studies, current an... | We concluded that OODABL is cytotoxic in multiple tumor cell lines, and the cytotoxicity is dependent, at least in part, on the phosphorylation of Bcl-2. | yes |
11641616 | Does the expression of thymidine phosphorylase suppress spontaneous apoptosis of cancer cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma? | [
"Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is an enzyme which converts thymidine to thymine. TP is expressed in a variety of human carcinomas and is known to be a potent angiogenic factor. A recent in vitro study indicated that TP is involved in the intracellular apoptotic signal transduction pathway. The aim of this study was ... | In ESCC, TP may play an important role in tumor progression by increasing microvessels and suppressing apoptosis of cancer cells. | yes |
24729396 | Are regulatory B cells numerically but not functionally deficient in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis? | [
"B cells are central to the pathology of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), a disease characterized by autoantibodies and effectively treated by rituximab. In addition to promoting inflammation, a subset of B cells act to suppress harmful autoimmune responses (Breg). The balance of effector and regulatory B cell sub... | In remission there is a numerical, but not functional, deficiency in Breg and preservation of Bmem associated with reduced IL-10 production and increased Th1 activation in vitro. This imbalance may contribute to the high rate of relapse observed in AAV, especially in PR3-ANCA patients. | yes |
24037891 | Does stimulated thyroglobulin at recombinant human TSH-aided ablation predict disease-free status one year later? | [
"Thyroglobulin (Tg) levels measured at the time of remnant ablation after thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) were shown to have prognostic value in predicting disease-free status.",
"Our objectives were to determine whether stimulated Tg levels, measured at the time of remnant ablation performed under recombinant h... | When rhTSH was used, stimulated Tg at ablation had independent predictive value for disease-free status 1 year later. A low stimulated Tg at rhTSH-aided ablation may be considered a favorable prognosis factor. | yes |
17066610 | Is laparoscopic floppy Nissen fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease feasible as a day-case procedure? | [
"We launched a prospective study to assess the feasibility of day-case laparoscopic fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in March 2003. The specific aims were to assess safety, acceptability and patient satisfaction.",
"The inclusion criteria were American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade I-II ... | Laparoscopic day-case surgery for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease appears to be safe and well tolerated by the patients. | yes |
25766411 | Are serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels increased in atrial fibrillation patients? | [
"Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), a newly discovered adipokine, plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism and is associated with the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum FGF-21 levels with the pr... | Our data demonstrate that serum FGF-21 levels are elevated in AF patients and associated with atrial remolding, independent of established risk factors such as C-reactive protein. | yes |
24854821 | Does disordered eating partly mediate the relationship between poor sleep quality and high body mass index? | [
"We evaluated the relationship between poor sleep quality and high body mass index (BMI) in a community-derived sample. In addition, we explored the premise that disordered eating (i.e. eating late at night and/or binge eating, which can occur at night) may partly explain the relationship.",
"An online survey ask... | The results suggest that night- and/or binge-eating may partly explain the observed relationship between worse sleep quality and overweight/obesity. Thus, the relationship may simply reflect that overweight people are more likely to binge-eat while they wait for sleep to come, and this may contribute to weight gain ove... | yes |
24018494 | Does imaging surveillance and multidisciplinary review improve curative therapy access and survival in HCC patients? | [
"Imaging surveillance and multidisciplinary conference (MDC) review can potentially improve survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by increasing access to liver transplantation. Geographic disparities in donor organ availability may reduce this benefit. This study evaluated the impact of HCC surve... | In conclusion, imaging surveillance and MDC review is associated with detection of early stage HCC, increased access to curative therapies and transplantation, and prolonged survival. | yes |
15337028 | Is myocardial protection with postconditioning enhanced by ischemic preconditioning? | [
"Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been used in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) to reduce potential injury secondary to ligation of the target vessel. Previous studies have shown that a brief period of repetitive coronary occlusion applied at the onset of reperfusion, postconditioning (postcon), at... | No additive cardioprotective effects by IPC and postcon were observed in a canine model of regional ischemia and reperfusion. The potent attenuation of myocardial injury by postcon may suggest a clinically applicable strategy during some surgical revascularization procedures (ie, OPCAB). | no |
26068110 | Do hyperglycaemic Preterm Babies Have Sex Differences in Insulin Secretion? | [
"Hyperglycaemia is a common complication of prematurity and is associated with neonatal mortality and morbidity, yet the aetiology is incompletely understood. C-peptide has been used in adults to estimate endogenous insulin secretion due to its simple clearance kinetics.",
"To determine insulin secretion calculat... | Insulin secretion was higher when babies had higher BGC, indicating that endogenous insulin secretion is sensitive to BGC. Girls had higher insulin secretion, at similar blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations, than boys. | yes |
15812586 | Is digital rectal examination of sphincter pressures in chronic anal fissure unreliable? | [
"Chronic anal fissure is said to be associated with internal sphincter hypertonia. However, an unknown proportion of fissures may be associated with normal or even low resting pressures and may subsequently be resistant to pharmacological treatments or at risk from surgical treatments, both of which aim to reduce s... | The incidence of patients with chronic anal fissure without high manometric maximum resting pressure is higher than previously reported. The ability of surgeons to identify this group clinically was poor. It is reasonable to treat all patients primarily medically, and then selectively investigate by manometry those pat... | yes |
23312235 | Does opportunities to reduce plastic surgery claim through an analysis of complaints data? | [
"Patient expectations and demands placed on the National Health Service have significantly increased over the last decade. The analysis of adverse outcomes and measures to improve practice remain fundamental to clinical governance. We decided to investigate the reasons for plastic surgery patients making complaints... | Poor communication is highlighted as the main reason for patients making formal complaints. Inadequate documentation of informed consent discussions may also contribute to successful negligence claims. | yes |
24186539 | Is subarachnoid extension of primary intracerebral hemorrhage associated with fevers? | [
"Extension of hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space in primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has recently been associated with poor outcomes, although the mechanisms underlying that association are uncertain. The objectives of this study are to confirm the association between fever and poor outcomes after ICH, an... | Our data confirm the deleterious effect of fever on the outcome of patients with ICH and show that SAHE is an independent predictor of fever after ICH. SAHE may provoke dysfunctional thermoregulation similar to what is observed after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, creating mechanistic pathway between SAHE and poor... | yes |
10737368 | Do cocaine abusers show a blunted response to alcohol intoxication in limbic brain regions? | [
"Cocaine and alcohol are frequently used simultaneously and this combination is associated with enhanced toxicity. We recently showed that active cocaine abusers have a markedly enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines. Because both benzodiazepines and alcohol facilitate GABAergic neurotransmission we questioned whe... | The blunted response to alcohol in cocaine abusers contrasts with their enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines suggesting that targets other than GABA-benzodiazepine receptors are involved in the blunted sensitivity to alcohol and that the toxicity from combined cocaine-alcohol use is not due to an enhanced sensitivit... | yes |
23903314 | Is the estimated glomerular filtration rate associated with subclinical atherosclerosis , independently of albuminuria , in patients with type 2 diabetes? | [
"The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in the Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.",
"As a cross-sectional study, common carotid artery (CCA) IMT as a surroga... | Reduced eGFR associated with IMT thickening independently of albuminuria is found in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and further studies investigating the clinical outcomes are needed because this study is based on a cross-sectional design. | yes |
17536126 | Are lactating women restricting milk low on select nutrients? | [
"Currently there are no recommendations for vitamin/mineral supplementation for lactating women but supplementation may be important, particularly for those women who choose to restrict milk intake during lactation. The objective of this study was to assess nutrient adequacy for lactating women and compare their di... | Milk restriction compromised protein and nutrient intakes in lactating women who restricted milk to <250 mL. Vitamin/mineral supplements helped exclusively breastfeeding milk restrictors improve their vitamin D and calcium intakes. Milk restriction is not recommended during lactation and where unavoidable, nutrients pr... | yes |
18158868 | Does hypoxic preconditioning attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells? | [
"Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a promising candidate for cardiac replacement therapies. However, the majority of transplanted MSC are readily lost after transplantation because of poor blood supply, ischemia-reperfusion, and inflammatory factors. We aimed to study the effects of hypoxia preconditioning (HPC) on ... | HPC had a protective effect against MSC apoptosis induced by H/R via stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulating Bcl-2 and VEGF, and promoting ERK and Akt phosphorylation. HPC has implications for the development of novel stem cell protective strategies. | yes |
25743370 | Are uroguanylin levels in intestine and plasma regulated by nutritional status in a leptin-dependent manner? | [
"Uroguanylin (UGN) is a 16 amino acid peptide produced mainly by intestinal epithelial cells. Nutrients intake increases circulating levels of prouroguanylin that is processed and converted to UGN to activate the guanylyl cyclase 2C receptor (GUCY2C). Given that the UGN-GUCY2C system has been proposed as a novel gu... | Our findings suggest that UGN levels are correlated with energy balance status and that the regulation of UGN by nutritional status is leptin-dependent. | yes |
11554698 | Are anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies frequently found in patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriages? | [
"To determine whether the presence of anti-phosphatidylserine/ prothrombin antibodies (anti-PS/PT) can be a major factor in otherwise unexplained recurrent miscarriages.",
"Eighty-one consecutive patients with history of 2 or more recurrent miscarriages were studied. Patients with history of overt thrombotic even... | Detection of anti-PS/PT in addition to other anti-phospholipid antibodies does not seem to aid in the evaluation of patients with unexplained recurrent miscarriages. | no |
26792136 | Is the AC/AG Diplotype for the 118A > G and IVS2 + 691G > C Polymorphisms of OPRM1 Gene Associated with Sleep Quality Among Opioid-Dependent Patients on Methadone Maintenance Therapy? | [
"Methadone is a full agonist of the opioid receptor mu 1 which is encoded by the OPRM1 gene. Sleep disorders were frequently reported by opioid-dependent patients during methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). It is possible, therefore, that genetic polymorphisms in OPRM1 influence sleep quality among patients on MMT.... | Our study indicates that the AC/AG diplotype for the 118A>G and IVS2 + 691G>C polymorphisms of OPRM1 gene is associated with better sleep quality among males with opioid dependence on MMT. | yes |
24123166 | Does interferon regulatory factor 3 constrain IKKβ/NF-κB signaling to alleviate hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance? | [
"Obesity and related metabolic diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation greatly compromise human health. Previous observations on the roles of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in the regulation of metabolism prompted investigation of the involvement of a key family member, IRF3, in metabolic diso... | IRF3 interacts with IKKβ in the cytoplasm to inhibit IKKβ/NF-κB signaling, thus alleviating hepatic inflammation, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. | yes |
9591496 | Does postmenopausal oral 17beta-estradiol continuously combined with dydrogesterone reduce fasting serum homocysteine levels? | [
"To investigate the effects of oral 17beta-estradiol administration continuously combined with dydrogesterone on fasting serum total homocysteine levels in postmenopausal women.",
"Randomized, double-blind study.",
"Gynecologic outpatient department of a university hospital.",
"One hundred thirty-five healthy... | Continuously combined hormone replacement therapy lowers fasting serum total homocysteine levels significantly in postmenopausal women. This decrease may be one of the mechanisms that underlie the cardioprotective effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. | yes |
19183933 | Is the inflammatory receptor CD40 expressed on human adipocytes : contribution to crosstalk between lymphocytes and adipocytes? | [
"Obesity is associated with adipose tissue inflammation. The CD40 molecule, TNF receptor superfamily member 5 (CD40)/CD40 ligand (CD40L) pathway plays a role in the onset and maintenance of the inflammatory reaction, but has not been studied in human adipose tissue. Our aim was to examine CD40 expression by human a... | Adipocyte CD40 may contribute to obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance. T lymphocytes regulate adipocytokine production through both the release of soluble factor(s) and heterotypic contact with adipocytes involving CD40. | yes |
24530291 | Does melatonin render neuroprotection by protein kinase C mediated aquaporin-4 inhibition in animal model of focal cerebral ischemia? | [
"Aquaporin-4(AQP4) expression in the brain with relation to edema formation following focal cerebral ischemia was investigated. Studies have shown that brain edema is one of the significant factors in worsening stroke outcomes. While many mechanisms may aggravate brain injury, one such potential system may involve ... | Melatonin confers neuroprotection by protein kinase C mediated AQP4 inhibition in ischemic stroke. | yes |
15656877 | Is the G-250A substitution in the promoter region of the hepatic lipase gene associated with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes : the STOP-NIDDM trial? | [
"Dyslipidaemia that includes high levels of triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Hepatic lipase gene encoding a lipolytic enzyme participating in remodelling of plasma lipoproteins and formation of serum lipid profile is a promising candidate gene for type... | The G-250A promoter polymorphism of the LIPC gene is associated with an increased risk of development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk subjects with IGT. Therefore, genes regulating atherogenic dyslipidaemia are promising candidate genes for type 2 diabetes. | yes |
26287967 | Does gATA2 rs2335052 Polymorphism predict the Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer? | [
"GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2) is a transcription factor that has essential roles in hematologic malignancies and progression of various solid tumors. Our previous studies suggested that high GATA2 expression is associated with recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the influence of GATA2 single nucleotid... | Our results demonstrated that GATA2 SNP rs2335052 is an independent predictor for prognosis of CRC patients. This raised the possibility that SNP rs2335052 may serve as a potential indicator for predicting recurrence of CRC after curative colectomy. | yes |
16829188 | Does post-infarction treatment with simvastatin reduce myocardial no-reflow by opening of the KATP channel? | [
"Simvastatin can prevent cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction, though the exact mechanisms are uncertain. Myocardial no-reflow is associated with progressive cardiac remodelling. However, it remains unknown whether post-infarction treatment with simvastatin can also reduce myocardial no-reflow for which ... | Post-infarction treatment with simvastatin can reduce myocardial no-reflow. This beneficial effect is due to activation of the K(ATP) channel. | yes |
10066866 | Does nicotine increase plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 production by human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C-associated pathway? | [
"Smoking both increases stroke risk and reduces the risk of thrombolysis-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a major regulator of fibrinolysis; elevation of PAI-1 is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic disorders. We studied the effect of nicotine, an importa... | Nicotine increases brain endothelial cell PAI-1 mRNA expression and protein production via PK-C-dependent pathway. These findings provide new insights into why smoking may be associated with predisposition to thrombosis and inversely associated with intracerebral hemorrhage after therapeutic tissue plasminogen activato... | yes |
19726371 | Does [ Molluscicidal activity of methanol extracts of Jatropha curcas leave against Ampullaria gigas ]? | [
"To evaluate the molluscicidal activities of methanol extract of Jatropha curcas leaves against Ampullaria gigas.",
"Young snails, adult snails and eggs of Ampullaria gigas were treated with the methanol extract of J. curcas leaves at different doses for different time lengths and the molluscicidal effects of the... | Jatropha leaves have a great potential for developing green pesticides to control Ampullaria gigas, but its biochemical mechanism needs further research. | yes |
17685418 | Are superparamagnetic iron oxides and low molecular weight gadolinium chelates synergistic for direct visualization of advanced liver fibrosis? | [
"To compare the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of advanced liver fibrosis on nonenhanced (NE), gadolinium enhanced (Gd), superparamagnetic iron oxides enhanced (SPIO), and combined contrast-enhanced (CCE) spoiled gradient echoes (SGEs).",
"This retrospective study assessed 83 consecutive patients with cirrhosis an... | CCE imaging depicts advanced liver fibrosis with higher CNR than NE, Gd, or SPIO SGEs. | yes |
22336177 | Is a major imprinted gene involved in hydatidiform mole located in 2q31.2-qter or 5q34-qter? | [
"Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal human pregnancy, characterised by absent or abnormal embryonic differentiation, vesicular chorionic villi and trophoblastic hyperplasia. Although the mole phenotype has hereto not been correlated to mutations in the molar genome, the aetiology for hydatidiform moles clearly is gene... | If the molar phenotype is caused by paternal excess of one gene, only, it is unlikely that this gene is located telomeric to genome position 179Mb on chromosome 2. And similarly, if the phenotype complete mole is caused by the presence of exclusively paternally imprinted alleles of one gene, this gene is not located te... | no |
21610431 | Does postinjury vagal nerve stimulation protect against intestinal epithelial barrier breakdown? | [
"Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) can have a marked anti-inflammatory effect. We have previously shown that preinjury VNS prevented intestinal barrier breakdown and preserved epithelial tight junction protein expression. However, a pretreatment model has little clinical relevance for the care of the trauma patient. Th... | Postinjury VNS prevents gut epithelial breakdown when performed within 90 minutes of thermal injury. This could represent a therapeutic window and clinically relevant strategy to prevent systemic inflammatory response distant organ injury after trauma. | yes |
20646870 | Does postradiation metabolic tumor volume predict outcome in head-and-neck cancer? | [
"To explore the prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume measured on postradiation (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in patients with head-and-neck cancer.",
"Forty-seven patients with head-and-neck cancer who received pretreatment and posttreatment PET/computed tomography (CT)... | Postradiation metabolic tumor volume is an adverse prognostic factor in head-and-neck cancer. Biomarkers such as MTV are important for risk stratification and will be valuable in the future with risk-adapted therapies. | yes |
23076508 | Are physical limitations in meal preparation and consumption associated with lower musculoskeletal nutrient ( calcium , vitamin D , magnesium , and phosphorus ) intakes in homebound older adults? | [
"Although homebound older adults are at increased risk for poor nutritional health and adverse nutrition-related outcomes, little attention has focused on the tasks involved in meal preparation and consumption and the influence of those tasks on dietary intake.",
"We examined the self-reported dietary intake from... | Independent of sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported difficulty in meal preparation and consumption was associated with lower dietary intakes of musculoskeletal nutrients. These results suggest the need to assess difficulty in meal preparation and consumption for the growing population of homebound older adul... | yes |
19155618 | Does angiotensin blockade prevent salt-induced injury of the renal circulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats? | [
"We hypothesized that renal damage induced by salt overload may be related to increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system. Thus, we examined the renal effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with salt overload. Two different blockers were used to demonstrate that ... | These results demonstrated that dietary salt excess adversely affected renal function, hemodynamics and structure. Angiotensin receptor blockade did not affect arterial pressure but prevented other adverse effects of salt overload, indicating that renal damage was not dependent on arterial pressure but, more likely, on... | yes |
16766962 | Does sixteen-slice multi-detector computed tomographic angiography improve the accuracy of screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury? | [
"Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVI) are rare but potentially devastating injuries, particularly if the diagnosis is delayed. Only four-vessel cerebral angiography (FVCA) has been shown to be adequately sensitive and specific as a screening tool for BCVI but is resource-intensive and invasive. Computed tomography... | Sixteen-slice multi-detector CT angiography is an excellent tool to screen for BCVI and detects all clinically significant injuries. The detected incidence of BCVI increased more than threefold with the 16-slice scanner when compared with the four-slice scanner. This demonstrates a clear technological improvement in ou... | yes |
24838496 | Is hepatic steatosis highly prevalent in hepatitis B patients and negatively associated with virological factors? | [
"The interaction between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatic steatosis remains unclear. We aimed to explore the trend of prevalence of hepatic steatosis and its relationship with virological factors in HBV infected patients.",
"Consecutive untreated patients with chronic HBV infection at Shunde Hospital... | Hepatic steatosis in HBV infected patients has been raging over the past decade, and it is negatively associated with intrahepatic expression of HBsAg. Lifestyle intervention may be needed to halt the onset of steatosis in chronic HBV infection. | yes |
14984924 | Is the metabolic syndrome associated with advanced vascular damage in patients with coronary heart disease , stroke , peripheral arterial disease or abdominal aortic aneurysm? | [
"The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients without a cardiovascular history. We investigated whether the metabolic syndrome is related to the extent of vascular damage in patients with various manifestations of vascular disease.",
"The study population of th... | In patients with manifest vascular disease the presence of the metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced vascular damage. | yes |
21592048 | Does rosiglitazone improve cognition or global function when used as adjunctive therapy to AChE inhibitors in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer 's disease : two phase 3 studies? | [
"Two phase 3 studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone (RSG), a type 2 diabetes treatment, in an extended release (RSG XR) form as adjunctive therapy to ongoing acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (AChEI) treatment in AD (REFLECT-2, adjunctive to donepezil; REFLECT-3, to any AChEI). An open-label exte... | No evidence of statistically or clinically significant efficacy in cognition or global function was detected for 2 mg or 8 mg RSG XR as adjunctive therapy to ongoing AChEIs. There was no evidence of an interaction between treatment and APOE status. Safety and tolerability of RSG XR was consistent with the known profile... | no |
20451908 | Does neopterin predict left ventricular remodeling in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention? | [
"Left ventricle remodeling (LVR) is a relatively common and unfavourable event occurring after acute myocardial infarction. A link exists between inflammation and LVR. Neopterin, a marker of inflammation and macrophage activation, is a predictor of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disea... | In STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, high neopterin levels - but not BNP - predict LVR at 1-year follow-up. | yes |
19479036 | Does cD152 ( CTLA-4 ) determine CD4 T cell migration in vitro and in vivo? | [
"Migration of antigen-experienced T cells to secondary lymphoid organs and the site of antigenic-challenge is a mandatory prerequisite for the precise functioning of adaptive immune responses. The surface molecule CD152 (CTLA-4) is mostly considered as a negative regulator of T cell activation during immune respons... | We show here, that CD152 signaling does not just silence cells, but selects individual ones for migration. This novel activity of CD152 adds to the already significant role of CD152 in controlling peripheral immune responses by allowing T cells to localize correctly during infection. It also suggests that interference ... | yes |
12427422 | Is left ventricular dysfunction a risk factor for sudden cardiac death in adults late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot? | [
"The purpose of this study was to determine if left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction was also a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in adults late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).",
"Previous studies looking at risk factors for SCD in adults with repair of TOF have focused on the right ventricl... | Moderate or severe LV systolic dysfunction is significantly more common in adult patients with repaired TOF and SCD. The combination of QRS > or =180 ms and significant LV systolic dysfunction has high positive and negative predictive value for SCD. The implication of the role of prophylactic antiarrhythmic implantable... | yes |
21377035 | Are loss-of-function variants in the filaggrin gene a significant risk factor for peanut allergy? | [
"IgE-mediated peanut allergy is a complex trait with strong heritability, but its genetic basis is currently unknown. Loss-of-function mutations within the filaggrin gene are associated with atopic dermatitis and other atopic diseases; therefore, filaggrin is a candidate gene in the etiology of peanut allergy.",
... | Filaggrin mutations represent a significant risk factor for IgE-mediated peanut allergy, indicating a role for epithelial barrier dysfunction in the pathogenesis of this disease. | yes |
22633079 | Does the energy balance positively regulate the levels of circulating TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand in humans? | [
"Although decreased levels of circulating TRAIL have been associated to cardiovascular risk and overall mortality, the mechanisms controlling TRAIL levels in physiopathological conditions are currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether changes in the energy intake and insulin sensitiv... | Circulating levels of TRAIL exhibit a clear-cut positive correlation with the energy intake and balance in healthy subjects during experimental physical inactivity. | yes |
26393671 | Does blue Light protect Against Temporal Frequency Sensitive Refractive Changes? | [
"Time spent outdoors is protective against myopia. The outdoors allows exposure to short-wavelength (blue light) rich sunlight, while indoor illuminants can be deficient at short-wavelengths. In the current experiment, we investigate the role of blue light, and temporal sensitivity, in the emmetropization response.... | Illuminants rich in blue light can protect against myopic eye growth when the eye is exposed to slow changes in luminance contrast as might occur with near work. | yes |
19089137 | Does in vitro evaluation of the precision of working cast for implant-supported restoration with multiple abutments? | [
"The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two working cast fabrication techniques using strain-gauge analysis.",
"Two working cast fabrication methods were evaluated. Based on a master model, 20 working casts were fabricated by means of an indirect impression technique using polyether after splint... | There was no statistical difference between the two methods studied. | yes |
20409518 | Does the incidence of bariatric surgery have plateaued in the U.S? | [
"Estimates of the procedure incidence for bariatric surgery have been derived primarily from surveys of bariatric surgeons or from inpatient data sources. New population-representative databases of outpatient surgery are available that enable accurate estimations of bariatric surgery case volumes.",
"The 2006 Nat... | Despite predictions of continued growth of bariatric surgery, it appears that the annual incidence for these operations has remained stable since 2003. Most operations are performed laparoscopically, but open gastric bypass is substantially less costly than laparoscopic operations. Despite its simplicity, laparoscopic ... | yes |
11273857 | Are infant plasma trans , n-6 , and n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids related to maternal plasma fatty acids , length of gestation , and birth weight and length? | [
"Arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are important for growth and neural development. trans Fatty acids (TFAs) may inhibit desaturation of linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to AA and DHA, respectively. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) also alter lipid metabolism and body fat.",
"W... | The results suggest possible important effects of TFAs and of AA on fetal growth and length of gestation. | yes |
24150843 | Are quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from the faecal microbiota of healthy volunteers after ciprofloxacin exposure highly adapted to a commensal lifestyle? | [
"Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) primarily emerge in commensal bacteria under selective pressure. The aim of this work was to investigate the characteristics of QREC from the faecal microbiota after quinolone exposure, as they remain largely unknown.",
"Forty-eight healthy volunteers received ciproflo... | These results suggest that QREC do not have a fitness cost, probably as a result of genetic co-selection, but are highly adapted to a commensal lifestyle. They may not be eliminated easily from the faecal microbiota from healthy subjects once selected. | yes |
21295907 | Is preoperative nutritional status an important predictor of survival in patients undergoing surgery for renal cell carcinoma? | [
"The role of malnutrition has not been well studied in patients undergoing surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).",
"Our aim was to evaluate whether nutritional deficiency (ND) is an important determinant of survival following surgery for RCC.",
"A total of 369 consecutive patients underwent surgery for locore... | Eighty-five patients (23%) were categorized as ND. Three-year overall and disease-specific survival were 58.5% and 80.4% in the ND cohort compared with 85.4% and 94.7% in controls, respectively (p<0.001). ND remained a significant predictor of overall mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.... | yes |
20920257 | Does combination of measures distinguish pre-miRNAs from other stem-loops in the genome of the newly sequenced Anopheles darlingi? | [
"Efforts using computational algorithms towards the enumeration of the full set of miRNAs of an organism have been limited by strong reliance on arguments of precursor conservation and feature similarity. However, miRNA precursors may arise anew or be lost across the evolutionary history of a species and a newly se... | In this paper we present a strategy to sieve through the vast amount of stem-loops found in metazoan genomes in search of pre-miRNAs, significantly reducing the set of candidates while retaining most known miRNA precursors. This approach makes no use of conservation data and relies solely on properties derived from our... | yes |
24313392 | Is osteonecrosis requiring total joint arthroplasty a rare sequel in children and young adults treated for solid tumors? | [
"Osteonecrosis (ON) is a potential sequel in patients treated for malignancies. The goal of this population-based register study was to determine the incidence of ON requiring total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in patients treated for solid tumors in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood.",
"Patients diagnosed w... | Severe ON requiring TJA is a rare sequel in children and young adults treated for solid tumors. It was observed most commonly in patients treated for renal, breast, or testicular cancer. | yes |
12748506 | Is intrauterine growth restriction accompanied by decreased renal volume in the human fetus? | [
"Intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses are at risk for the development of adult hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. Congenital oligonephropathy has been postulated as the primary mechanism. The objective of our study was to determine whether ultrasonically obtained in utero measurements of renal volu... | Intrauterine growth restriction appears to be associated with a decrease in fetal renal volume. Because renal volume is a likely proxy for nephron number, this study supports the hypothesis that intrauterine growth restriction may be linked to congenital oligonephropathy and potentially to hypertension in later life. | yes |
21498912 | Is activation of endothelin-1 receptor signaling pathways associated with neointima formation , neoangiogenesis and irreversible pulmonary artery hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease? | [
"It is unclear why some patients, who undergo complete repair or palliative surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD), still develop irreversible pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). There is no consensus to preoperationally assess the reversible and irreversible pulmonary vasculopathy seen in PAH.",
"The peri-o... | Increased expression of ET-1, ETR, and activation of signaling pathways were observed in the pulmonary arteries and arterioles of irreversible PAH patients associated with CHD. Activation of these pathways might in turn lead to neointimal formation and neoangiogenesis and thus might contribute to irreversible pulmonary... | yes |
10881994 | Are deletions in the beta3-beta4 hairpin loop of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase observed in HIV-1 isolated from subjects during long-term antiretroviral therapy? | [
"To examine the effect of in-frame deletions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) on plasma viremia and phenotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs.",
"Plasma HIV-1 RNA was isolated from 168 antiretroviral therapy-experienced subjects for quantification of plasma viremia, RT... | Selection for deletions within the beta3-beta4 hairpin loop of the HIV-1 RT is an uncommon event most likely to occur in subjects with long-term antiretroviral experience. The codon 67 deletion does not appear to cause increased phenotypic resistance or increased viremia in the absence of concomitant RT mutations. | yes |
21920543 | Are orthopedic surgeons less likely to see children now for fracture care compared with 10 years ago? | [
"To assess availability of timely orthopedic fracture care to children.",
"Fifty randomly selected orthopedic practices were contacted twice with an identical scenario to request an appointment for a fictitious child with an arm fracture, once with the staff told that the child had private insurance and once with... | There has been a substantial decrease in the last decade in the willingness, availability, or both of orthopedic surgeons in Los Angeles to care for children with fractures whose families have private insurance. Children with Medicaid continue to have limited access. | yes |
21068537 | Is appropriate VTE prophylaxis associated with lower direct medical costs? | [
"To calculate and compare the direct medical costs of guideline-recommended prophylaxis with prophylaxis that does not fully adhere with guideline recommendations in a large, real-world population.",
"Discharge records were retrieved from the US Premier Perspective™ database (January 2003-December 2003) for patie... | This large, real-world analysis suggests that appropriate prophylaxis, in adherence with ACCP guidelines, is potentially cost-saving compared with partial prophylaxis in at-risk medical patients. | yes |
11473841 | Is late preconditioning blocked by racemic ketamine , but not by S ( + ) -ketamine? | [
"Racemic ketamine blocks K(ATP) channels in isolated cells and abolishes short-term cardioprotection against prolonged ischemia. We investigated the effects of racemic ketamine and S(+)-ketamine on ischemic late preconditioning (LPC) in the rabbit heart in vivo. A coronary occluder was chronically implanted in 36 r... | Racemic ketamine, but not S(+)-ketamine, blocks the cardioprotection induced by ischemic late preconditioning in rabbit hearts in vivo. Thus, the influence of ketamine on ischemic late preconditioning is most likely enantiomer specific, and the use of S(+)-ketamine may be preferable in patients with coronary artery dis... | yes |
18609254 | Is metabolic syndrome associated with self-perceived depression? | [
"To study the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and self-perceived depression.",
"A cross-sectional community-based study.",
"Semi-rural community of Lapinlahti in eastern Finland in 2005.",
"A total of 416 subjects in eight adult birth cohorts (55%) with complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21... | Elevated plasma glucose in men and central obesity in women are associated with self-perceived depression. This co-occurrence deserves attention in clinical practice. | yes |
21592505 | Is a dopamine receptor ( DRD2 ) but not dopamine transporter ( DAT1 ) gene polymorphism associated with neurocognitive development of Mexican preschool children with lead exposure? | [
"To investigate the effects of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure and polymorphisms in dopamine metabolism genes on neurocognitive development of Mexican children at 24 months (n = 220) and 48 months (n = 186) of age.",
"We genotyped the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1; SLC6A3) variable nucleotide tandem repeat... | Lead exposure was adversely associated with neurocognitive measures, whereas the DRD2 Taq1A TT variant was positively associated with neurocognitive measures. We found no evidence of gene-environment interactions on developmental outcomes in early childhood. | yes |
24560248 | Are cerebral microbleeds in nonlacunar brain infarction associated with lower coated-platelet levels? | [
"Coated-platelets are a subset of platelets with high procoagulant potential observed on dual-agonist stimulation with collagen and thrombin. Coated-platelet levels are elevated in patients with nonlacunar ischemic stroke compared with controls, although the presence of early hemorrhagic transformation is associate... | The presence of CMBs in patients with nonlacunar ischemic stroke is associated with lower levels of coated-platelets. Larger prospective studies are needed to better establish the potential connection between altered coated-platelet synthesis, microbleeds, cerebral infarction, and possible hemorrhage-prone vascular cha... | yes |
15106807 | Is cathepsin G associated with atheroma formation in human carotid artery? | [
"To elucidate the organization of the tissue angiotensin system, we investigated the expression and cellular localization of angiotensin system components and cathepsins D and G, potentially involved in intraparietal angiotensin II formation and atheroma.",
"Total RNA was extracted from atheroma plaque, fatty str... | All components required for angiotensin II formation are expressed locally in the arterial wall, where, in the absence of renin, cathepsin G could be a major angiotensin-generating enzyme. Overexpression of ACE and cathepsin G may lead to angiotensin II overproduction and contribute, with decreased number of differenti... | yes |
18505776 | Does self-rated physical health predict change in disability in multiple sclerosis? | [
"To examine whether self-rated physical health, as measured by the Physical Functioning Scale (PF) and the Role-physical Scale (RF) of the SF-36 Health Survey, could predict change in disability measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) over a follow-up period ... | MS patients' perception of their health comprises information predictive for disease development not included in the more objective measure of disability status. | yes |
22105723 | Is alcohol drinking after liver transplantation associated with graft injury? | [
"This was a single-center, mixed-design, cross-sectional and retrospective study to assess the performance of the 4-item, self-reported CAGE (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) questionnaire in predicting histology-proven alcohol-related liver graft injury (ARLGI).",
"A total of 316 liver transplant (LT) pati... | By use of a self-report instrument we found a 23.1% prevalence of PAD and a 15.3% prevalence of AD among LT patients between six months and five years. A variable degree of ARLGI was present in 53.3% of PAD and 63.3% of AD, respectively. HCV patients with PAD had more steatosis, portal inflammation, and pericellular fi... | yes |
10671629 | Does selenate-supplemented nutritional formula increase plasma selenium in hemodialysis patients? | [
"The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effect of feeding selenium-supplemented formulas on the selenium status of end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis.",
"The prospective, randomized, single-blind study of parallel design was conducted at three hemodialysis clinics.",
"A total of... | The results of this study indicate that a liquid formula supplemented with selenium as selenate is successful at maintaining selenium concentrations within normal range, as well as significantly increasing plasma selenium levels compared with nonsupplementation. | yes |
10086203 | Does nasal challenge with histamine decrease nonspecific bronchial reactivity in workers exposed to respiratory irritants? | [
"A link (\"naso-bronchial reflex\") between nasal and bronchial reactivity seems to exist. The effect of nonspecific nasal challenge (standing for the exposure to irritative stimuli at the workplace) on lung function indices and nonspecific bronchial reactivity is not known.",
"In 80 healthy workers (age: 36.0 +/... | Nasal challenge with histamine decreases nonspecific bronchial reactivity in workers occupationally exposed to respiratory irritants. Thus, a methodological implication would be that these two tests should not be performed consecutively in less than 2 hr in the same subjects. | yes |
22781105 | Does the flavonoid morin restore blood pressure and lipid metabolism in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats? | [
"This study was undertaken to investigate the antihypertensive and antihyperlipedimic potential of morin against deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.",
"Hypertension was induced in uninephrectomized rats (UNX) by weekly twice subcutaneous injection of DOCA (25 mg/kg) and 1% NaCl in the drink... | Morin has a potential role in attenuating severe hypertension and hyperlipedimia. | yes |
22322533 | Does raloxifene inhibit menin-dependent estrogen receptor activation in breast cancer cells? | [
"Menin is a tumor suppressor encoded by Men1 that is mutated in the human-inherited tumor syndrome--multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Menin binds to estrogen receptors (ER) to enhance estrogen activity in breast cancer cells.",
"Our clinical study showed that the outcome in the case of menin-positive tumors wa... | Raloxifene inhibits the binding of menin to the AF-2 domain of ERα, suggesting that raloxifene is one of the therapeutic options for menin-positive breast cancer. | yes |
21889222 | Is young age under 60 years a contraindication to treatment with definitive dose escalated radiotherapy for prostate cancer? | [
"It is widely believed that younger prostate cancer patients are at greater risk of recurrence following radiotherapy (RT).",
"From 1992 to 2007, 2168 (395 age ≤ 60) men received conformal RT alone for prostate cancer at our institution (median dose=76 Gy, range: 72-80). Multivariable analysis (MVA) was used to i... | This is the largest, most mature study of younger men treated with RT for prostate cancer that confirms young age is not prognostic for BF. | no |
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