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Doctor Who finally returned with the episode "Rose" on [BBC One] on [26 March 2005]. There have since been [nine further series] in [2006–2008] and [2010–2015], and [Christmas Day specials] every year since [2005]. No [full series] was filmed in [2009], although [four additional specials] starring [David Tennant] were ... | Doctor Who finally returned with the episode "Rose" on BBC One on 26 March 2005. There have since been nine further series in 2006–2008 and 2010–2015, and Christmas Day specials every year since 2005. No full series was filmed in 2009, although four additional specials starring David Tennant were made. In 2010, Steven ... |
The [dominant explanation] for the [Black Death] is the [plague theory], which attributes the outbreak to [Yersinia pestis], also responsible for an [epidemic] that began in [southern China] in [1865], eventually spreading to [India]. The investigation of the [pathogen] that caused the [19th-century plague] was begun b... | The dominant explanation for the Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis, also responsible for an epidemic that began in southern China in 1865, eventually spreading to India. The investigation of the pathogen that caused the 19th-century plague was begun by teams of scientist... |
A second period of [international expansion] is linked to that of the ESPN network in the 1990s, and [policies] enacted in the 2000s by [Disney Media Networks] (which included the [expansion] of several of the company's [U.S.-based cable networks] including [Disney Channel] and its spinoffs [Toon Disney], [Playhouse Di... | A second period of international expansion is linked to that of the ESPN network in the 1990s, and policies enacted in the 2000s by Disney Media Networks (which included the expansion of several of the company's U.S.-based cable networks including Disney Channel and its spinoffs Toon Disney, Playhouse Disney and Jetix;... |
Almost all [ctenophores] are [predators], taking [prey] ranging from [microscopic larvae] and [rotifers] to the [adults] of small [crustaceans]; the [exceptions] are [juveniles] of two [species], which live as [parasites] on the [salps] on which adults of their species feed. In [favorable circumstances], ctenophores ca... | Almost all ctenophores are predators, taking prey ranging from microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans; the exceptions are juveniles of two species, which live as parasites on the salps on which adults of their species feed. In favorable circumstances, ctenophores can eat ten times their own ... |
In honor of the [50th Super Bowl], the [pregame ceremony] featured the [on-field introduction] of [39] of the [43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players]. [Bart Starr] (MVP of [Super Bowls I and II]) and [Chuck Howley] (MVP of [Super Bowl V]) appeared [via video], while [Peyton Manning] (MVP of [Super Bowl XLI] and ... | In honor of the 50th Super Bowl, the pregame ceremony featured the on-field introduction of 39 of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr (MVP of Super Bowls I and II) and Chuck Howley (MVP of Super Bowl V) appeared via video, while Peyton Manning (MVP of Super Bowl XLI and current Broncos quarterb... |
Although the [reciprocating steam engine] is no longer in widespread commercial use, various [companies] are [exploring] or [exploiting] the potential of the engine as an [alternative] to [internal combustion engines]. The company [Energiprojekt AB] in [Sweden] has made progress in using [modern materials] for harnessi... | Although the reciprocating steam engine is no longer in widespread commercial use, various companies are exploring or exploiting the potential of the engine as an alternative to internal combustion engines. The company Energiprojekt AB in Sweden has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of st... |
In the [early 1970s], [Michael Eisner], who joined [ABC] in [1966], became the network's [program development manager]. He helped bring about ideas for many [series] including [Happy Days] (which originated as a segment on the anthology series [Love, American Style]), as well as several [soap operas]; however, Eisner's... | In the early 1970s, Michael Eisner, who joined ABC in 1966, became the network's program development manager. He helped bring about ideas for many series including Happy Days (which originated as a segment on the anthology series Love, American Style), as well as several soap operas; however, Eisner's main credit at AB... |
The academic bodies of the [University of Chicago] consist of the [College], [four divisions of graduate research] and [seven professional schools]. The university also contains a [library system], the [University of Chicago Press], the [University of Chicago Laboratory Schools], and the [University of Chicago Medical ... | The academic bodies of the University of Chicago consist of the College, four divisions of graduate research and seven professional schools. The university also contains a library system, the University of Chicago Press, the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, and the University of Chicago Medical Center, and hol... |
For the [complexity classes] defined in this way, it is desirable to prove that relaxing the [requirements] on (say) [computation time] indeed defines a [bigger set] of problems. In particular, although [DTIME(n)] is contained in [DTIME(n2)], it would be [interesting] to know if the [inclusion] is [strict]. For [time] ... | For the complexity classes defined in this way, it is desirable to prove that relaxing the requirements on (say) computation time indeed defines a bigger set of problems. In particular, although DTIME(n) is contained in DTIME(n2), it would be interesting to know if the inclusion is strict. For time and space requiremen... |
The most recent episodes of the network's shows are usually made available on [WATCH ABC], [Hulu] and [ABC on Demand] the day after their original broadcast. In addition, [ABC on Demand] (like the video-on-demand television services provided by the other U.S. broadcast networks) disallows [fast forwarding] of accessed ... | The most recent episodes of the network's shows are usually made available on WATCH ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand the day after their original broadcast. In addition, ABC on Demand (like the video-on-demand television services provided by the other U.S. broadcast networks) disallows fast forwarding of accessed content. R... |
[Producers] introduced the concept of [regeneration] to permit the [recasting] of the [main character]. This was first prompted by original star [William Hartnell]'s [poor health]. The actual term "regeneration" was not initially conceived of until the Doctor's third on-screen regeneration however; Hartnell's Doctor ha... | Producers introduced the concept of regeneration to permit the recasting of the main character. This was first prompted by original star William Hartnell's poor health. The actual term "regeneration" was not initially conceived of until the Doctor's third on-screen regeneration however; Hartnell's Doctor had merely des... |
The [Rankine cycle] and most [practical steam engines] have a [water pump] to [recycle] or [top up] the [boiler water], so that they may be [run continuously]. [Utility] and [industrial boilers] commonly use [multi-stage centrifugal pumps]; however, [other types] are used. Another means of supplying [lower-pressure boi... | The Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump to recycle or top up the boiler water, so that they may be run continuously. Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps; however, other types are used. Another means of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water is an in... |
[A 2000 study] found that [42%] of [UK teachers] experienced [occupational stress], [twice] the figure for the [average profession]. A [2012 study] found that [teachers] experienced [double] the rate of [anxiety], [depression], and [stress] than [average workers]. | A 2000 study found that 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers. |
The [Computer Science Network] ([CSNET]) was a computer network funded by the U.S. [National Science Foundation] ([NSF]) that began operation in [1981]. Its purpose was to extend [networking benefits], for [computer science departments] at [academic and research institutions] that could not be directly connected to [AR... | The Computer Science Network (CSNET) was a computer network funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) that began operation in 1981. Its purpose was to extend networking benefits, for computer science departments at academic and research institutions that could not be directly connected to ARPANET, due to fun... |
In the 1890s, the [University of Chicago], fearful that its [vast resources] would injure [smaller schools] by drawing away [good students], [affiliated] with several [regional colleges] and [universities]: [Des Moines College], [Kalamazoo College], [Butler University], and [Stetson University]. In 1896, the university... | In the 1890s, the University of Chicago, fearful that its vast resources would injure smaller schools by drawing away good students, affiliated with several regional colleges and universities: Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shime... |
ABC [also] owns the Times Square Studios [at 1500 Broadway] [on land] [in Times Square] [owned by] [a development fund] [for the 42nd Street Project]; [opened] [in 1999], [Good Morning America] and [Nightline] are [broadcast] [from] [this] [particular facility]. ABC News has [premises] [a little further] [on West 66th ... | ABC also owns the Times Square Studios at 1500 Broadway on land in Times Square owned by a development fund for the 42nd Street Project; opened in 1999, Good Morning America and Nightline are broadcast from this particular facility. ABC News has premises a little further on West 66th Street, in a six-story building occ... |
Although most are non-aligned, [some of the best known independent schools] also belong to [the large, long-established religious foundations], such as [the Anglican Church], [Uniting Church] and [Presbyterian Church], but in most cases, they do not insist on their students’ religious allegiance. [These schools] are ty... | Although most are non-aligned, some of the best known independent schools also belong to the large, long-established religious foundations, such as the Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church, but in most cases, they do not insist on their students’ religious allegiance. These schools are typically view... |
Kenya is active in several sports, among them [cricket], [rallying], [football], [rugby union] and [boxing]. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in [middle-distance] and [long-distance] athletics, having consistently produced [Olympic] and [Commonwealth Games] [champions] in various distance events, especial... | Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m... |
[Jacksonville] is in the [First Coast region] of [northeast Florida] and is centered on the banks of the [St. Johns River], about [25 miles] ([40 km]) [south] of the [Georgia state line] and about [340 miles] ([550 km]) [north] of [Miami]. The [Jacksonville Beaches communities] are along the [adjacent Atlantic coast]. ... | Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida and is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River, about 25 miles (40 km) south of the Georgia state line and about 340 miles (550 km) north of Miami. The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast. The area was originally inha... |
Some buyers lamented the [small size] of the first [Japanese compacts], and both [Toyota] and [Nissan] (then known as [Datsun]) introduced [larger cars] such as the [Toyota Corona Mark II], the [Toyota Cressida], the [Mazda 616] and [Datsun 810], which added [passenger space] and [amenities] such as [air conditioning],... | Some buyers lamented the small size of the first Japanese compacts, and both Toyota and Nissan (then known as Datsun) introduced larger cars such as the Toyota Corona Mark II, the Toyota Cressida, the Mazda 616 and Datsun 810, which added passenger space and amenities such as air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM rad... |
The [first commercial steam-powered device] was a [water pump], developed in [1698] by [Thomas Savery]. It used [condensing steam] to create a [vacuum] which was used to raise water from below, then it used [steam pressure] to raise it higher. [Small engines] were [effective] though [larger models] were [problematic]. ... | The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump, developed in 1698 by Thomas Savery. It used condensing steam to create a vacuum which was used to raise water from below, then it used steam pressure to raise it higher. Small engines were effective though larger models were problematic. They proved only to ha... |
[Lead fusible plugs] may be present in the [crown] of the [boiler's firebox]. If the [water level drops], such that the [temperature] of the firebox crown increases significantly, the [lead melts] and the [steam escapes], [warning] the [operators], who may then [manually suppress] the fire. Except in the [smallest] of ... | Lead fusible plugs may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox. If the water level drops, such that the temperature of the firebox crown increases significantly, the lead melts and the steam escapes, warning the operators, who may then manually suppress the fire. Except in the smallest of boilers the steam esca... |
[BSkyB] initially charged additional [subscription fees] for using a [Sky+ PVR] with their service; waiving the charge for [subscribers] whose [package] included [two or more premium channels]. This changed as from [1 July 2007], and now [customers] that have [Sky+] and subscribe to any [BSkyB subscription package] get... | BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR with their service; waiving the charge for subscribers whose package included two or more premium channels. This changed as from 1 July 2007, and now customers that have Sky+ and subscribe to any BSkyB subscription package get Sky+ included at no... |
The [principle] of [cross-cutting relationships] pertains to the [formation] of [faults] and the [age] of the [sequences] through which they cut. [Faults] are [younger] than the [rocks] they cut; accordingly, if a [fault] is found that [penetrates] some [formations] but not those [on top] of it, then the [formations] t... | The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut. Faults are younger than the rocks they cut; accordingly, if a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, then the formations that were cut are older than ... |
Whilst this is the consensus viewpoint amongst the majority of [academics], some [teachers] and [parents] advocate a more [assertive] and [confrontational] style of [discipline].[citation needed] Such individuals claim that many problems with modern [schooling] stem from the [weakness] in [school discipline] and if [te... | Whilst this is the consensus viewpoint amongst the majority of academics, some teachers and parents advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline.citation needed Such individuals claim that many problems with modern schooling stem from the weakness in school discipline and if teachers exercised firm... |
The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. [Apollo 4] ([AS-501]) was the first [unmanned flight] of the [Saturn V], carrying a [Block I CSM] on [November 9], [1967]. The capability of the [Command Module]'s [heat shield] to survive a [trans-lunar reentry] was dem... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... |
[Kenya] (/ˈkɛnjə/; locally ˈkɛɲa ( listen)), officially [the Republic of Kenya], is [a country] in [Africa] and [a founding member] of [the East African Community] ([EAC]). [Its capital] and [largest city] is [Nairobi]. Kenya's territory lies on [the equator] and overlies [the East African Rift] covering [a diverse] an... | Kenya (/ˈkɛnjə/; locally ˈkɛɲa ( listen)), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community (EAC). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that e... |
[Parliamentary time], [question periods], [debating chamber], [General Question Time], [Thursday], [11:40 a.m.], [12 p.m.], [members], [Scottish Government], [questions], [ministers], [departments], [health], [justice], [education], [transport], [First Minister's Question Time], [opportunity], [First Minister], [jurisd... | Parliamentary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A "General Question Time" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m. where members can direct questions to any member of the Scottish Government. At 2.30pm, a 40-minute long themed "Question Time" takes place, where members... |
Steven Barkan writes that if defendants plead not guilty, "[they must decide] whether [their primary goal] will be to [win an acquittal] and [avoid imprisonment] or [a fine], or to use [the proceedings] as [a forum] to [inform the jury] and [the public] of [the political circumstances] surrounding [the case] and [their... | Steven Barkan writes that if defendants plead not guilty, "they must decide whether their primary goal will be to win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine, or to use the proceedings as a forum to inform the jury and the public of the political circumstances surrounding the case and their reasons for breaking t... |
After each [election] to the [Scottish Parliament], at the beginning of each [parliamentary session], Parliament elects one [MSP] to serve as [Presiding Officer], the [equivalent] of the [speaker] (currently [Tricia Marwick]), and two MSPs to serve as [deputies] (currently [Elaine Smith] and [John Scott]). The Presidin... | After each election to the Scottish Parliament, at the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer, the equivalent of the speaker (currently Tricia Marwick), and two MSPs to serve as deputies (currently Elaine Smith and John Scott). The Presiding Officer and deputies... |
From these bases, the [Normans] eventually captured [Sicily] and [Malta] from the [Saracens], under the leadership of the famous [Robert Guiscard], a [Hauteville], and his younger brother [Roger the Great Count]. [Roger's son], [Roger II of Sicily], was crowned [king] in 1130 (exactly one century after [Rainulf] was "c... | From these bases, the Normans eventually captured Sicily and Malta from the Saracens, under the leadership of the famous Robert Guiscard, a Hauteville, and his younger brother Roger the Great Count. Roger's son, Roger II of Sicily, was crowned king in 1130 (exactly one century after Rainulf was "crowned" count) by Anti... |
Luther's writings circulated widely, reaching [France], [England], and [Italy] as early as [1519]. [Students] thronged to [Wittenberg] to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on [Galatians] and his Work on the [Psalms]. This early part of Luther's career was one of his most [creative] and [productive]. Th... | Luther's writings circulated widely, reaching France, England, and Italy as early as 1519. Students thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on Galatians and his Work on the Psalms. This early part of Luther's career was one of his most creative and productive. Three of his best-know... |
The [Writers Guild of America strike] that [halted production] of [network programs] for much of the [2007–08 season] affected the network in [2007–08] and [2008–09], as various [ABC shows] that [premiered] in [2007], such as [Dirty Sexy Money], [Pushing Daisies], [Eli Stone] and [Samantha Who?], did not live to see a ... | The Writers Guild of America strike that halted production of network programs for much of the 2007–08 season affected the network in 2007–08 and 2008–09, as various ABC shows that premiered in 2007, such as Dirty Sexy Money, Pushing Daisies, Eli Stone and Samantha Who?, did not live to see a third season; other series... |
The [economy] of [Victoria] is highly [diversified]: [service sectors] including [financial] and [property services], [health], [education], [wholesale], [retail], [hospitality] and [manufacturing] constitute the majority of [employment]. [Victoria]'s total [gross state product] ([GSP]) is ranked [second] in [Australia... | The economy of Victoria is highly diversified: service sectors including financial and property services, health, education, wholesale, retail, hospitality and manufacturing constitute the majority of employment. Victoria's total gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourt... |
In [1888], the [editor] of [Electrical World magazine], [Thomas Commerford Martin] (a [friend] and [publicist]), arranged for [Tesla] to [demonstrate] his [alternating current system], including his [induction motor], at the [American Institute of Electrical Engineers] (now [IEEE]). [Engineers] working for the [Westing... | In 1888, the editor of Electrical World magazine, Thomas Commerford Martin (a friend and publicist), arranged for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system, including his induction motor, at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (now IEEE). Engineers working for the Westinghouse Electric & Manufactur... |
The [Black Death] ravaged much of the [Islamic world]. [Plague] was present in at least one location in the [Islamic world] virtually every year between [1500] and [1850]. [Plague] repeatedly struck the cities of [North Africa]. [Algiers] lost [30 to 50 thousand] inhabitants to it in [1620–21], and again in [1654–57], ... | The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42.... |
Harvard is a [large], [highly residential] [research university]. The [nominal cost] of [attendance] is [high], but the University's [large endowment] allows it to offer [generous financial aid packages]. It operates several [arts], [cultural], and [scientific museums], alongside the Harvard Library, which is the [worl... | Harvard is a large, highly residential research university. The nominal cost of attendance is high, but the University's large endowment allows it to offer generous financial aid packages. It operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums, alongside the Harvard Library, which is the world's largest academic an... |
However, already in [quantum mechanics] there is one "caveat", namely the particles acting onto each other do not only possess the [spatial variable], but also a [discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable] called the "spin", and there is the [Pauli principle] relating the [space] and the [spin variables]. Depen... | However, already in quantum mechanics there is one "caveat", namely the particles acting onto each other do not only possess the spatial variable, but also a discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called the "spin", and there is the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables. Depending on the ... |
The [plague] repeatedly [returned] to [haunt] [Europe] and the [Mediterranean] throughout the [14th] to [17th] centuries. According to [Biraben], the [plague] was [present] somewhere in [Europe] in every [year] between [1346] and [1671]. The [Second Pandemic] was particularly [widespread] in the following [years]: [136... | The plague repeatedly returned to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean throughout the 14th to 17th centuries. According to Biraben, the plague was present somewhere in Europe in every year between 1346 and 1671. The Second Pandemic was particularly widespread in the following years: 1360–63; 1374; 1400; 1438–39; 1456–57;... |
The [Judicial Council] is the [highest court] in the [denomination]. It consists of [nine members], both [laity] and [clergy], elected by the [General Conference] for an [eight-year term]. The ratio of [laity] to [clergy] alternates every eight years. The [Judicial Council] interprets the [Book of Discipline] between s... | The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine members, both laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Confe... |
[The Colorado experiments] had prepared [Tesla] for the establishment of [the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility] known as [Wardenclyffe] near [Shoreham], [Long Island]. | The Colorado experiments had prepared Tesla for the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe near Shoreham, Long Island. |
The reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity. [The earlier] they surrendered to the Mongols, [the higher] they were placed, [the more] they held out, [the lower] they were ranked.... | The reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity. The earlier they surrendered to the Mongols, the higher they were placed, the more the held out, the lower they were ranked. The Nort... |
For the third straight season, the [number one seeds] from both [conferences] met in the [Super Bowl]. The [Carolina Panthers] became one of only ten [teams] to have completed a [regular season] with only one [loss], and one of only six [teams] to have acquired a [15–1 record], while the [Denver Broncos] became one of ... | For the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers became one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss, and one of only six teams to have acquired a 15–1 record, while the Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have m... |
A [conservative force] that acts on a [closed system] has an associated [mechanical work] that allows [energy] to convert only between [kinetic] or [potential forms]. This means that for a [closed system], the [net mechanical energy] is [conserved] whenever a [conservative force] acts on the system. The [force], theref... | A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system. The force, therefore, is related direct... |
[Merit Network, Inc.], an independent non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation governed by [Michigan's public universities], was formed in 1966 as the [Michigan Educational Research Information Triad] to explore [computer networking] between [three] of Michigan's public universities as a means to help the [state's educational ... | Merit Network, Inc., an independent non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation governed by Michigan's public universities, was formed in 1966 as the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad to explore computer networking between three of Michigan's public universities as a means to help the state's educational and economi... |
Jochi [died] in [1226], during his [father's lifetime]. Some [scholars], notably [Ratchnevsky], have commented on the [possibility] that Jochi was secretly [poisoned] by an [order] from [Genghis Khan]. [Rashid al-Din] reports that the [great Khan] [sent] for his [sons] in the [spring] of [1223], and while his [brothers... | Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain... |
[Torque] is the [rotation equivalent] of [force] in the same way that [angle] is the [rotational equivalent] for [position], [angular velocity] for [velocity], and [angular momentum] for [momentum]. As a [consequence] of [Newton's First Law of Motion], there exists [rotational inertia] that ensures that all bodies main... | Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum. As a consequence of Newton's First Law of Motion, there exists rotational inertia that ensures that all bodies maintain their angular momentu... |
In order to compete with CNN, [ABC] proposed a 24-hour news channel called [ABC Cable News], with plans to launch the network in 1995; however, the plan would ultimately be shelved by [company management]. ABC would reattempt such a concept in July 2004 with the launch of [ABC News Now], a 24-hour news channel distribu... | In order to compete with CNN, ABC proposed a 24-hour news channel called ABC Cable News, with plans to launch the network in 1995; however, the plan would ultimately be shelved by company management. ABC would reattempt such a concept in July 2004 with the launch of ABC News Now, a 24-hour news channel distributed for ... |
However, some [computational problems] are [easier] to analyze in terms of [more unusual resources]. For example, a [non-deterministic Turing machine] is a [computational model] that is allowed to [branch out] to [check] [many different possibilities] [at once]. The [non-deterministic Turing machine] has [very little] ... | However, some computational problems are easier to analyze in terms of more unusual resources. For example, a non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once. The non-deterministic Turing machine has very little to do with how we phys... |
It is conjectured that a [progressive decline] in [hormone levels] with [age] is partially responsible for [weakened immune responses] in [aging individuals]. Conversely, some hormones are regulated by the [immune system], notably [thyroid hormone] activity. The [age-related decline] in immune function is also related ... | It is conjectured that a progressive decline in hormone levels with age is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals. Conversely, some hormones are regulated by the immune system, notably thyroid hormone activity. The age-related decline in immune function is also related to decreasing vi... |
[Of course], [some complexity classes] have [complicated definitions] that do not fit into this [framework]. [Thus], a [typical complexity class] has a definition like [the following]: | Of course, some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework. Thus, a typical complexity class has a definition like the following: |
Among the most well-known experiments in [structural geology] are those involving [orogenic wedges], which are [zones] in which [mountains] are built along [convergent tectonic plate boundaries]. In the [analog versions] of these experiments, [horizontal layers] of [sand] are pulled along a [lower surface] into a [back... | Among the most well-known experiments in structural geology are those involving orogenic wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries. In the analog versions of these experiments, horizontal layers of sand are pulled along a lower surface into a back stop, which result... |
[Luther] is honoured on [18 February] with a [commemoration] in the [Lutheran Calendar] of [Saints] and in the [Episcopal (United States) Calendar] of [Saints]. In the [Church of England's Calendar] of [Saints] he is [commemorated] on [31 October]. | Luther is honoured on 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints. In the Church of England's Calendar of Saints he is commemorated on 31 October. |
Immunology is strongly [experimental] in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing [theoretical attitude]. Many [theories] have been suggested in immunology from the end of the [nineteenth century] up to the present time. The end of the [19th century] and the beginning of the [20th century] saw a [battl... | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... |
Prime numbers [give rise to] two [more general concepts] that [apply] to [elements] of [any commutative ring] R, an [algebraic structure] where [addition], [subtraction] and [multiplication] are [defined]: [prime elements] and [irreducible elements]. An element [p] of R is called [prime element] if it is [neither] [zer... | Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha... |
[Legally], only [non-profit trusts] and [societies] can run [schools] in [India]. They will have to satisfy a number of [infrastructure] and [human resource] related criteria to get [Recognition] (a form of [license]) from the [government]. [Critics] of this system point out that this leads to [corruption] by [school i... | Legally, only non-profit trusts and societies can run schools in India. They will have to satisfy a number of infrastructure and human resource related criteria to get Recognition (a form of license) from the government. Critics of this system point out that this leads to corruption by school inspectors who check compl... |
[Apollo] ran from [1961] to [1972], and was supported by the [two-man] [Gemini program] which ran concurrently with it from [1962] to [1966]. [Gemini missions] developed some of the [space travel techniques] that were necessary for the success of the [Apollo missions]. [Apollo] used [Saturn family rockets] as [launch v... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... |
On [December 7], [1965], [Goldenson] announced a [merger proposal] with [ITT] to [ABC management]; the two companies agreed to the deal on [April 27], [1966]. The [FCC] approved the merger on [December 21], [1966]; however, the [previous day] ([December 20]), [Donald F. Turner], [head antitrust regulator] for the [Unit... | On December 7, 1965, Goldenson announced a merger proposal with ITT to ABC management; the two companies agreed to the deal on April 27, 1966. The FCC approved the merger on December 21, 1966; however, the previous day (December 20), Donald F. Turner, head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice... |
In [the centre] of Basel, the [first major city] in the course of the [stream], is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major [bend], where the overall [direction] of the Rhine [changes] from [West] to [North]. Here the [High Rhine] ends. [Legally], the [Central Bridge] is the [boundary] between [High] and [Upper Rhine]... | In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ... |
Since the 2005 revival, the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role. [Steven Moffat] described the companion as the main character of the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the... | Since the 2005 revival, the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role. Steven Moffat described the companion as the main character of the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the N... |
The [war] in [North America] officially ended with the signing of the [Treaty of Paris] on [10 February 1763], and war in the [European theatre] of the [Seven Years' War] was settled by the [Treaty of Hubertusburg] on [15 February 1763]. The [British] offered [France] the choice of [surrendering] either its [continenta... | The war in North America officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American posses... |
The election held in [1988] saw the advent of the [mlolongo] ([queuing]) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a [secret ballot]. This was seen as the [climax] of a very [undemocratic] regime and it led to widespread agitation for [constitutional reform]. Several [con... | The election held in 1988 saw the advent of the mlolongo (queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a secret ballot. This was seen as the climax of a very undemocratic regime and it led to widespread agitation for constitutional reform. Several contentious clause... |
In business, [notable alumni] include [Microsoft CEO] [Satya Nadella], [Oracle Corporation founder] and [the third richest man in America] [Larry Ellison], [Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO] as well as [former Governor of New Jersey] [Jon Corzine], [McKinsey & Company founder] and [author of the first management account... | In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O.... |
On [24 March 1879], [Tesla] was returned to [Gospić] under [police guard] for not having a [residence permit]. On [17 April 1879], [Milutin Tesla] died at the [age] of [60] after contracting an [unspecified illness] (although some sources say that he died of a [stroke]). During that [year], [Tesla] taught a [large clas... | On 24 March 1879, Tesla was returned to Gospić under police guard for not having a residence permit. On 17 April 1879, Milutin Tesla died at the age of 60 after contracting an unspecified illness (although some sources say that he died of a stroke). During that year, Tesla taught a large class of students in his old sc... |
It has been argued that the term ["civil disobedience"] has always suffered from [ambiguity] and in [modern times], become [utterly debased]. [Marshall Cohen] notes, "It has been used to describe everything from [bringing a test-case in the federal courts] to [taking aim at a federal official]. Indeed, for [Vice Presid... | It has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen notes, "It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew it ha... |
Many locals and tourists frequent the [southern California] coast for its popular [beaches], and the [desert city] of [Palm Springs] is popular for its [resort feel] and nearby [open spaces]. | Many locals and tourists frequent the southern California coast for its popular beaches, and the desert city of Palm Springs is popular for its resort feel and nearby open spaces. |
[The armed forces] are regularly deployed in [peacekeeping missions] around the world. Further, in the [aftermath] of the [national elections] of December 2007 and the [violence] that subsequently engulfed the country, [a commission of inquiry], [the Waki Commission], [commended] its [readiness] and adjudged it to "hav... | The armed forces are regularly deployed in peacekeeping missions around the world. Further, in the aftermath of the national elections of December 2007 and the violence that subsequently engulfed the country, a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission, commended its readiness and adjudged it to "have performed its du... |
Super Bowl 50 featured numerous records from individuals and teams. [Denver] won despite being massively [outgained] in [total yards] (315 to 194) and [first downs] (21 to 11). Their 194 yards and 11 first downs were both the [lowest] totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Ba... | Super Bowl 50 featured numerous records from individuals and teams. Denver won despite being massively outgained in total yards (315 to 194) and first downs (21 to 11). Their 194 yards and 11 first downs were both the lowest totals ever by a Super Bowl winning team. The previous record was 244 yards by the Baltimore Ra... |
In the [United States], [scholars] argue that there already existed a [negotiated settlement] based on [equality] between both parties prior to [1973]. The [possibility] that the [Middle East] could become another [superpower confrontation] with the [USSR] was of more [concern] to the [US] than [oil]. [Interest groups]... | In the United States, scholars argue that there already existed a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties prior to 1973. The possibility that the Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with the USSR was of more concern to the US than oil. Further, interest groups and government a... |
A variety of [alternatives] to the Y. pestis have been put forward. [Twigg] suggested that the cause was a form of [anthrax], and [Norman Cantor] (2001) thought it may have been a combination of anthrax and other pandemics. [Scott] and [Duncan] have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that charact... | A variety of alternatives to the Y. pestis have been put forward. Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of anthrax, and Norman Cantor (2001) thought it may have been a combination of anthrax and other pandemics. Scott and Duncan have argued that the pandemic was a form of infectious disease that characterise as hem... |
In [1466], perhaps [40,000] people died of [the plague] in [Paris]. During the [16th] and [17th centuries], [the plague] was present in [Paris] around [30 per cent] of the time. [The Black Death] ravaged [Europe] for [three years] before it continued on into [Russia], where [the disease] was present somewhere in the [c... | In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 ... |
The [Victorian parts] of the building have a [complex history], with [piecemeal additions] by different [architects]. Founded in [May 1852], it was not until [1857] that the museum moved to the [present site]. This area of London was known as [Brompton] but had been renamed [South Kensington]. The land was occupied by ... | The Victorian parts of the building have a complex history, with piecemeal additions by different architects. Founded in May 1852, it was not until 1857 that the museum moved to the present site. This area of London was known as Brompton but had been renamed South Kensington. The land was occupied by Brompton Park Hous... |
Leukocytes (white blood cells) [act like] [independent], [single-celled organisms] and are the [second arm] of the [innate immune system]. The innate leukocytes include the [phagocytes] ([macrophages], [neutrophils], and [dendritic cells]), [mast cells], [eosinophils], [basophils], and [natural killer cells]. These cel... | Leukocytes (white blood cells) act like independent, single-celled organisms and are the second arm of the innate immune system. The innate leukocytes include the phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells), mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and natural killer cells. These cells identify and eliminate ... |
Most species are [hermaphrodites]—a [single animal] can produce both [eggs] and [sperm], meaning it can [fertilize] its own [egg], not needing a [mate]. Some are [simultaneous hermaphrodites], which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are [sequential hermaphrodites], in which the eggs and sperm mat... | Most species are hermaphrodites—a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm, meaning it can fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate. Some are simultaneous hermaphrodites, which can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different t... |
On [28 February 2008], [Kibaki] and [Odinga] signed an [agreement] on the [formation] of a [coalition government] in which [Odinga] would become [Kenya's second Prime Minister]. Under the [deal], the [president] would [appoint] [cabinet ministers] from both [PNU] and [ODM camps] depending on each [party's strength] in ... | On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stip... |
[Near Tamins-Reichenau] the [Anterior Rhine] and the [Posterior Rhine] [join] and form the [Rhine]. The [river] makes a [distinctive turn] to the [north] [near Chur]. This [section] is [nearly] [86 km] [long], and [descends] from a [height] of [599 m] to [396 m]. It [flows] through a [wide glacial alpine valley] known ... | Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)... |
Specialty pharmacies supply [high cost] [injectable], [oral], [infused], or [inhaled] medications that are used for [chronic] and [complex] [disease states] such as [cancer], [hepatitis], and [rheumatoid arthritis]. Unlike a [traditional] [community pharmacy] where [prescriptions] for any [common medication] can be bro... | Specialty pharmacies supply high cost injectable, oral, infused, or inhaled medications that are used for chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Unlike a traditional community pharmacy where prescriptions for any common medication can be brought in and filled, specialty ... |
In [December 1984], [Thomas S. Murphy], [chief executive officer] of [Capital Cities Communications], contacted [Leonard Goldenson] about a [proposal] to [merge] their respective companies. On [March 16, 1985], [ABC]'s [executive committee] accepted the [merger offer], which was [formally announced] on [March 18, 1985]... | In December 1984, Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications, contacted Leonard Goldenson about a proposal to merge their respective companies. On March 16, 1985, ABC's executive committee accepted the merger offer, which was formally announced on March 18, 1985, with Capital Cities purc... |
The [Mallee] and [upper Wimmera] are Victoria's [warmest regions] with [hot winds] blowing from nearby [semi-deserts]. [Average temperatures] exceed [32 °C] (90 °F) during [summer] and [15 °C] (59 °F) in [winter]. Except at [cool mountain elevations], the [inland monthly temperatures] are [2–7 °C] (4–13 °F) [warmer] th... | The Mallee and upper Wimmera are Victoria's warmest regions with hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts. Average temperatures exceed 32 °C (90 °F) during summer and 15 °C (59 °F) in winter. Except at cool mountain elevations, the inland monthly temperatures are 2–7 °C (4–13 °F) warmer than around Melbourne (see cha... |
The [show] has received [recognition] as one of [Britain's finest television programmes], winning the [2006 British Academy Television Award] for [Best Drama Series] and [five consecutive (2005–2010) awards] at the [National Television Awards] during [Russell T Davies]' [tenure] as [executive producer]. In [2011], [Mat... | The show has received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes, winning the 2006 British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series and five consecutive (2005–2010) awards at the National Television Awards during Russell T Davies' tenure as executive producer. In 2011, Matt Smith became the firs... |
In [1211], after the [conquest] of [Western Xia], [Genghis Khan] planned again to conquer the [Jin dynasty]. The [commander] of the Jin dynasty [army] made a [tactical mistake] in not attacking the Mongols at the [first opportunity]. Instead, the Jin commander sent a [messenger], [Ming-Tan], to the Mongol side, who [de... | In 1211, after the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty. The commander of the Jin dynasty army made a tactical mistake in not attacking the Mongols at the first opportunity. Instead, the Jin commander sent a messenger, Ming-Tan, to the Mongol side, who defected and told the Mon... |
[Tesla] was generally [antagonistic] towards [theories] about the [conversion] of [matter] into [energy].:247 He was also [critical] of [Einstein]'s [theory] of [relativity], [saying]: | Tesla was generally antagonistic towards theories about the conversion of matter into energy.:247 He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity, saying: |
The [Moon landing data] was recorded by a [special Apollo TV camera] which recorded in a format incompatible with [broadcast TV]. This resulted in [lunar footage] that had to be [converted] for the [live television broadcast] and stored on [magnetic telemetry tapes]. During the following years, a [magnetic tape shortag... | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... |
Earlier papers studying problems solvable by [Turing machines] with [specific bounded resources] include [John Myhill]'s definition of [linear bounded automata] ([Myhill 1960]), [Raymond Smullyan]'s study of [rudimentary sets] (1961), as well as [Hisao Yamada]'s paper on [real-time computations] (1962). [Somewhat earli... | Earlier papers studying problems solvable by Turing machines with specific bounded resources include John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata (Myhill 1960), Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets (1961), as well as Hisao Yamada's paper on real-time computations (1962). Somewhat earlier, Boris Trakhten... |
Opportunistic bands of Normans [successfully established] a [foothold] in Southern Italy (the Mezzogiorno). Probably as the result of [returning pilgrims]' [stories], the Normans [entered] the Mezzogiorno as [warriors] in [1017] at the [latest]. In [999], according to [Amatus of Montecassino], Norman pilgrims [returnin... | Opportunistic bands of Normans successfully established a foothold in Southern Italy (the Mezzogiorno). Probably as the result of returning pilgrims' stories, the Normans entered the Mezzogiorno as warriors in 1017 at the latest. In 999, according to Amatus of Montecassino, Norman pilgrims returning from Jerusalem call... |
In the late 17th century, [Robert Boyle] proved that [air] is necessary for [combustion]. English chemist [John Mayow] (1641–1679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called [spiritus nitroaereus] or just [nitroaereus]. In one experiment he found that placing either a [mouse] or a... | In the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641–1679) refined this work by showing that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus. In one experiment he found that placing either a mouse or a lit candle in... |
Traveling south on [Interstate 5], the main gap to continued [urbanization] is [Camp Pendleton]. The cities and communities along [Interstate 15] and [Interstate 215] are so inter-related that [Temecula] and [Murrieta] have as much connection with the [San Diego] metropolitan area as they do with the [Inland Empire]. T... | Traveling south on Interstate 5, the main gap to continued urbanization is Camp Pendleton. The cities and communities along Interstate 15 and Interstate 215 are so inter-related that Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire. To the east, the Un... |
The effect of Luther's intervention was immediate. [After the sixth sermon], the Wittenberg [jurist] [Jerome Schurf] wrote to the [elector]: "Oh, what joy has [Dr. Martin]'s [return] spread among us! [His words], [through divine mercy], are bringing back [every day] [misguided people] into the [way] of the [truth]." | The effect of Luther's intervention was immediate. After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector: "Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us! His words, through divine mercy, are bringing back every day misguided people into the way of the truth." |
More than [26,000 square kilometres] ([10,000 sq mi]) of [Victorian farmland] are sown for [grain], mostly in the [state's west]. More than [50%] of this area is sown for [wheat], [33%] for [barley] and [7%] for [oats]. A further [6,000 square kilometres] ([2,300 sq mi]) is sown for [hay]. In [2003–04], [Victorian farm... | More than 26,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) of Victorian farmland are sown for grain, mostly in the state's west. More than 50% of this area is sown for wheat, 33% for barley and 7% for oats. A further 6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay. In 2003–04, Victorian farmers produced more than 3 millio... |
The [capture] of Warũhiũ Itote (aka General China) on [15 January 1954] and the subsequent [interrogation] led to a [better understanding] of the Mau Mau [command structure]. [Operation Anvil] opened on [24 April 1954], after [weeks of planning] by the [army] with the [approval] of the [War Council]. The operation effe... | The capture of Warũhiũ Itote (aka General China) on 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure. Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954, after weeks of planning by the army with the approval of the War Council. The operation effectively placed Nairobi... |
While in Limassol, [Richard the Lion-Heart] married [Berengaria of Navarre], [first-born daughter] of [King Sancho VI of Navarre]. The wedding was held on [12 May 1191] at the [Chapel of St. George] and it was attended by [Richard's sister Joan], whom he had brought from Sicily. The marriage was celebrated with [great ... | While in Limassol, Richard the Lion-Heart married Berengaria of Navarre, first-born daughter of King Sancho VI of Navarre. The wedding was held on 12 May 1191 at the Chapel of St. George and it was attended by Richard's sister Joan, whom he had brought from Sicily. The marriage was celebrated with great pomp and splend... |
The Republic of [Kenya] is named after [Mount Kenya]. The origin of the name Kenya is not clear, but perhaps linked to the [Kikuyu], [Embu] and [Kamba] words [Kirinyaga], [Kirenyaa] and [Kiinyaa] which mean "God's resting place" in all three languages. If so, then the [British] may not so much have mispronounced it ('K... | The Republic of Kenya is named after Mount Kenya. The origin of the name Kenya is not clear, but perhaps linked to the Kikuyu, Embu and Kamba words Kirinyaga, Kirenyaa and Kiinyaa which mean "God's resting place" in all three languages. If so, then the British may not so much have mispronounced it ('Keenya'), as misspe... |
The [IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4)] published in [2007] featured a [graph] showing [12 proxy based temperature reconstructions], including the [three highlighted] in the [2001 Third Assessment Report (TAR)]; [Mann, Bradley & Hughes 1999] as before, [Jones et al. 1998] and [Briffa 2000] had both been [calibrated] ... | The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) published in 2007 featured a graph showing 12 proxy based temperature reconstructions, including the three highlighted in the 2001 Third Assessment Report (TAR); Mann, Bradley & Hughes 1999 as before, Jones et al. 1998 and Briffa 2000 had both been calibrated by newer studies. In... |
In addition, the [United Methodist Church] prohibits the [celebration] of [same-sex unions]. [Rev. Jimmy Creech] was [defrocked] after a [highly publicized church trial] in [1999] on account of his [participation] in [same-sex union ceremonies]. It forbids any United Methodist [board], [agency], [committee], [commissio... | In addition, the United Methodist Church prohibits the celebration of same-sex unions. Rev. Jimmy Creech was defrocked after a highly publicized church trial in 1999 on account of his participation in same-sex union ceremonies. It forbids any United Methodist board, agency, committee, commission, or council to give Uni... |
[Over the next five days], [private conferences] were held to determine [Luther]'s fate. The [Emperor] presented the [final draft] of the [Edict of Worms] on [25 May 1521], declaring [Luther] an [outlaw], banning his [literature], and requiring his [arrest]: "We want him to be [apprehended] and [punished] as a [notorio... | Over the next five days, private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521, declaring Luther an outlaw, banning his literature, and requiring his arrest: "We want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic." It also made i... |
Seismologists can use the [arrival times] of [seismic waves] in reverse to image the [interior] of the [Earth]. [Early advances] in this field showed the [existence] of a [liquid outer core] (where [shear waves] were not able to [propagate]) and a [dense solid inner core]. These advances led to the [development] of a [... | Seismologists can use the arrival times of seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth. Early advances in this field showed the existence of a liquid outer core (where shear waves were not able to propagate) and a dense solid inner core. These advances led to the development of a layered model of the Ea... |
[QuickBooks] sponsored a ["Small Business Big Game"] contest, in which [Death Wish Coffee] had a [30-second] [commercial] aired [free of charge] [courtesy] of [QuickBooks]. [Death Wish Coffee] [beat out] [nine] [other contenders] from [across] the [United States] for the [free advertisement]. | QuickBooks sponsored a "Small Business Big Game" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine other contenders from across the United States for the free advertisement. |
The [LOC] included [Launch Complex 39], a [Launch Control Center], and a [130 million cubic foot] (3.7 million cubic meter) [Vertical Assembly Building] (VAB) in which the [space vehicle] (launch vehicle and spacecraft) would be assembled on a [Mobile Launcher Platform] and then moved by a [transporter] to one of sever... | The LOC included Launch Complex 39, a Launch Control Center, and a 130 million cubic foot (3.7 million cubic meter) Vertical Assembly Building (VAB) in which the space vehicle (launch vehicle and spacecraft) would be assembled on a Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads. ... |
The historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency was its "duty". [The concept of duty] was first introduced by [Watt] in order to illustrate [how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs]. [Duty] is the [number of foot-pounds of work delivered] by burning [one bushel] (94 pound... | The historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency was its "duty". The concept of duty was first introduced by Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlier Newcomen designs. Duty is the number of foot-pounds of work delivered by burning one bushel (94 pounds) of coal. ... |
Because of their [soft], [gelatinous bodies], [ctenophores] are [extremely rare] as [fossils], and [fossils] that have been interpreted as [ctenophores] have been found only in [lagerstätten], places where the [environment] was [exceptionally suited] to [preservation] of [soft tissue]. Until the mid-1990s only [two spe... | Because of their soft, gelatinous bodies, ctenophores are extremely rare as fossils, and fossils that have been interpreted as ctenophores have been found only in lagerstätten, places where the environment was exceptionally suited to preservation of soft tissue. Until the mid-1990s only two specimens good enough for an... |
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