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The [Rhine] (Romansh: [Rein], German: [Rhein], French: [le Rhin], Dutch: [Rijn]) is a European [river] that begins in the [Swiss] [canton] of [Graubünden] in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the [Swiss-Austrian], [Swiss-Liechtenstein] [border], [Swiss-German] and then the [Franco-German] [border], then flows ... | The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even... |
Victoria is the centre of [dairy farming] in [Australia]. It is home to [60%] of Australia's [3 million] [dairy cattle] and produces nearly [two-thirds] of the nation's [milk], almost [6.4 billion litres]. The state also has [2.4 million] [beef cattle], with more than [2.2 million] cattle and calves [slaughtered] each ... | Victoria is the centre of dairy farming in Australia. It is home to 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two-thirds of the nation's milk, almost 6.4 billion litres. The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year. In 2003–04, Victor... |
[Neutrophils] and [macrophages] are [phagocytes] that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading [pathogens]. [Neutrophils] are normally found in the [bloodstream] and are the most abundant type of [phagocyte], normally representing [50% to 60%] of the total circulating [leukocytes]. During the [acute phase] of ... | Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens. Neutrophils are normally found in the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, normally representing 50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes. During the acute phase of inflammation, partic... |
[Founded] by the [American Baptist Education Society] with a [donation] from [oil magnate] and [wealthiest man in history] [John D. Rockefeller], the [University of Chicago] was [incorporated] in [1890]; [William Rainey Harper] became the university's [first president] in [1891], and the [first classes] were held in [1... | Founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and wealthiest man in history John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890; William Rainey Harper became the university's first president in 1891, and the first classes were held in 1892. Both Harper and future... |
The [biodiversity] of [plant species] is the [highest] on Earth with [one 2001 study] finding a [quarter square kilometer] (62 acres) of [Ecuadorian rainforest] [supports] more than [1,100 tree species]. A [study in 1999] found [one square kilometer] (247 acres) of [Amazon rainforest] can contain about [90,790 tonnes] ... | The biodiversity of plant species is the highest on Earth with one 2001 study finding a quarter square kilometer (62 acres) of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100 tree species. A study in 1999 found one square kilometer (247 acres) of Amazon rainforest can contain about 90,790 tonnes of living plants. The av... |
In the immediate [post-war years] there was little [money] available for [other than essential repairs]. The [1950s] and [early 1960s] saw little in the way of [building work]; the first [major work] was the creation of new [storage space] for [books] in the [Art Library] in [1966] and [1967]. This involved [flooring] ... | In the immediate post-war years there was little money available for other than essential repairs. The 1950s and early 1960s saw little in the way of building work; the first major work was the creation of new storage space for books in the Art Library in 1966 and 1967. This involved flooring over Aston Webb's main hal... |
The [IPCC] concentrates its activities on the tasks allotted to it by the relevant [WMO Executive Council] and [UNEP Governing Council] resolutions and decisions as well as on actions in support of the [UNFCCC process]. While the preparation of the [assessment reports] is a major [IPCC function], it also supports other... | The IPCC concentrates its activities on the tasks allotted to it by the relevant WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council resolutions and decisions as well as on actions in support of the UNFCCC process. While the preparation of the assessment reports is a major IPCC function, it also supports other activities,... |
In [1939], c. [1,300,000] people lived in [Warsaw], but in [1945] – only [420,000]. During the [first years] after the [war], the [population growth] was c. [6%], so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of [flats] and of [areas] for [new houses]. The [first remedial measure] was the [Warsaw area enlargement... | In 1939, c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw, but in 1945 – only 420,000. During the first years after the war, the population growth was c. 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses. The first remedial measure was the Warsaw area enlargement (1951) – but the city auth... |
In most [jurisdictions] (such as the [United States]), [pharmacists] are regulated [separately] from [physicians]. These jurisdictions also usually specify that only [pharmacists] may supply [scheduled pharmaceuticals] to the [public], and that [pharmacists] cannot form [business partnerships] with [physicians] or give... | In most jurisdictions (such as the United States), pharmacists are regulated separately from physicians. These jurisdictions also usually specify that only pharmacists may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public, and that pharmacists cannot form business partnerships with physicians or give them "kickback" payme... |
The [plugs-out test] began on the [morning] of [January 27], [1967], and immediately was plagued with [problems]. First the crew noticed a [strange odor] in their [spacesuits], which delayed the sealing of the [hatch]. Then, [communications problems] frustrated the astronauts and forced a [hold] in the [simulated count... | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... |
An [Islamist movement] influenced by [Salafism] and the [jihad in Afghanistan], as well as the [Muslim Brotherhood], was the [FIS] or [Front Islamique de Salut] (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a [broad Islamist coalition] in [1989] it was led by [Abbassi Madani], and a [charismatic Islamist young p... | An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism and the jihad in Afghanistan, as well as the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a broad Islamist coalition in 1989 it was led by Abbassi Madani, and a charismatic Islamist young preacher, Ali Belhad... |
As opposed to broadcasts of primetime series, [CBS] broadcast [special episodes] of its [late night talk shows] as its [lead-out programs] for [Super Bowl 50], beginning with a [special episode] of [The Late Show with Stephen Colbert] following the game. Following a break for [late local programming], CBS also aired a ... | As opposed to broadcasts of primetime series, CBS broadcast special episodes of its late night talk shows as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming, CBS also aired a special episode ... |
All the [incidental music] for the [2005 revived series] has been [composed] by [Murray Gold] and [Ben Foster] and has been [performed] by the [BBC National Orchestra of Wales] from the [2005 Christmas episode] "The Christmas Invasion" onwards. A [concert] featuring the orchestra [performing music] from the [first two ... | All the incidental music for the 2005 revived series has been composed by Murray Gold and Ben Foster and has been performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales from the 2005 Christmas episode "The Christmas Invasion" onwards. A concert featuring the orchestra performing music from the first two series took place on ... |
Warsaw remained the capital of the [Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth] until [1796], when it was annexed by the [Kingdom of Prussia] to become the capital of the [province] of [South Prussia]. [Liberated] by [Napoleon's army] in [1806], Warsaw was made the capital of the [newly created Duchy of Warsaw]. Following the [Con... | Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw. Following the Congress of Vienna of ... |
The problems with [North American] were severe enough in late [1965] to cause [Manned Space Flight Administrator] [George Mueller] to appoint program director [Samuel Phillips] to head a "tiger team" to investigate [North American's] problems and identify corrections. [Phillips] documented his findings in a [December 1... | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... |
[Writers], [Charles Dickens], [Beatrix Potter], [Illuminated manuscripts], [library], [12th to 16th centuries], [Eadwine Psalter], [Canterbury], [Pocket Book of Hours], [Reims], [Missal], [Royal Abbey of Saint Denis], [Paris], [Simon Marmion Book of Hours], [Bruges], [1524 Charter], [Lucas Horenbout], [London], [Armagn... | Writers whose papers are in the library are as diverse as Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries include: the Eadwine Psaltercitation needed, Canterbury; Pocket Book of Hours, Reims; Missal from the Royal Abbey of Saint Denis, Paris; the Simon M... |
One of the oldest depictions of [civil disobedience] is in [Sophocles]' play [Antigone], in which [Antigone], one of the daughters of former King of [Thebes], [Oedipus], defies [Creon], the current King of [Thebes], who is trying to stop her from giving her brother [Polynices] a proper burial. She gives a [stirring spe... | One of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus, defies Creon, the current King of Thebes, who is trying to stop her from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial. She gives a stirring speech in which she te... |
[Datanet 1], [public switched data network], [Dutch PTT Telecom], [KPN], [network], [connected users], [leased lines], [X.121 DNIC 2041], [public PAD service Telepad], [DNIC 2049], [Videotex service], [modified PAD devices], [infrastructure], [services], [people], [department], [confusion] | Datanet 1 was the public switched data network operated by the Dutch PTT Telecom (now known as KPN). Strictly speaking Datanet 1 only referred to the network and the connected users via leased lines (using the X.121 DNIC 2041), the name also referred to the public PAD service Telepad (using the DNIC 2049). And because ... |
Some [civil disobedients] feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the [validity] of the [social contract], which is held to bind all to obey the [laws] that a [government] meeting certain [standards] of [legitimacy] has established, or else suffer the [penalties] set out in the [l... | Some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract, which is held to bind all to obey the laws that a government meeting certain standards of legitimacy has established, or else suffer the penalties set out in the law. Other civil d... |
[Archbishop Albrecht] of [Mainz] and [Magdeburg] did not reply to [Luther]'s letter containing the [95 Theses]. He had the theses checked for [heresy] and in [December 1517] forwarded them to [Rome]. He needed the revenue from the [indulgences] to pay off a [papal dispensation] for his tenure of more than one [bishopri... | Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy and in December 1517 forwarded them to Rome. He needed the revenue from the indulgences to pay off a papal dispensation for his tenure of more than one bishopric. As Luther later no... |
The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). [The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions], [which frame policies of the European Union institutions] and [determ... | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... |
In many countries, there is a [Gender pay gap] in favor of [males] in the [labor market]. Several [factors] other than [discrimination] may contribute to this gap. On average, [women] are more likely than [men] to consider [factors other than pay] when looking for [work], and may be less willing to [travel] or [relocat... | In many countries, there is a Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap. On average, women are more likely than men to consider factors other than pay when looking for work, and may be less willing to travel or relocate. Thomas Sowell, in ... |
Clearly, [some tumors] evade the [immune system] and go on to become [cancers]. [Tumor cells] often have a [reduced number] of [MHC class I molecules] on their [surface], thus avoiding [detection] by [killer T cells]. [Some tumor cells] also release [products] that [inhibit] the [immune response]; for example by [secre... | Clearly, some tumors evade the immune system and go on to become cancers. Tumor cells often have a reduced number of MHC class I molecules on their surface, thus avoiding detection by killer T cells. Some tumor cells also release products that inhibit the immune response; for example by secreting the cytokine TGF-β, wh... |
To avoid interference with existing [VHF television stations] in the [San Francisco Bay Area] and those planned for [Chico], [Sacramento], [Salinas], and [Stockton], the [Federal Communications Commission] decided that [Fresno] would only have [UHF television stations]. The very first [Fresno television station] to beg... | To avoid interference with existing VHF television stations in the San Francisco Bay Area and those planned for Chico, Sacramento, Salinas, and Stockton, the Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno would only have UHF television stations. The very first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting was ... |
Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm. [Some remote sensing scientists] have proposed using [the measurement] of [the radiance] coming from [vegetation canopies] in [those bands] to [characterize plant health status] from [a satellite platform]. This approach ... | Oxygen presents two spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm. Some remote sensing scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies in those bands to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform. This approach exploits the f... |
A controversial aspect of [imperialism] is the [defense] and [justification] of [empire-building] based on seemingly [rational grounds]. J. A. Hobson identifies this [justification] on [general grounds] as: "It is [desirable] that the [earth] should be [peopled], [governed], and [developed], as far as [possible], by th... | A controversial aspect of imperialism is the defense and justification of empire-building based on seemingly rational grounds. J. A. Hobson identifies this justification on general grounds as: "It is desirable that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed, as far as possible, by the races which can do this ... |
In 2012 the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked [Warsaw] as the [32nd most liveable city] in the world. It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in [Central Europe]. Today [Warsaw] is considered an "[Alpha–]" [global city], a [major international tourist destination] and a [significant cultural], [political... | In 2012 the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world. It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in Central Europe. Today Warsaw is considered an "Alpha–" global city, a major international tourist destination and a significant cultural, political and economic hub... |
Versions of the "Doctor Who Theme" have also been released as pop music over the years. [In the early 1970s], [Jon Pertwee], who had played the [Third Doctor], recorded a version of the Doctor Who theme with [spoken lyrics], titled, "Who Is the Doctor".note 6 [In 1978] a [disco version] of the theme was released in the... | Versions of the "Doctor Who Theme" have also been released as pop music over the years. In the early 1970s, Jon Pertwee, who had played the Third Doctor, recorded a version of the Doctor Who theme with spoken lyrics, titled, "Who Is the Doctor".note 6 In 1978 a disco version of the theme was released in the UK, Denmark... |
In [modern particle physics], [forces] and the [acceleration] of particles are explained as a [mathematical by-product] of [exchange] of [momentum-carrying gauge bosons]. With the [development] of [quantum field theory] and [general relativity], it was [realized] that [force] is a [redundant concept] arising from [cons... | In modern particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons. With the development of quantum field theory and general relativity, it was realized that force is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum (4-m... |
[Lobates] have [eight comb-rows], originating at the [aboral pole] and usually not extending beyond the body to the [lobes]; in species with [(four) auricles], the [cilia] edging the auricles are extensions of cilia in [four of the comb rows]. Most lobates are [quite passive] when moving through the water, using the [c... | Lobates have eight comb-rows, originating at the aboral pole and usually not extending beyond the body to the lobes; in species with (four) auricles, the cilia edging the auricles are extensions of cilia in four of the comb rows. Most lobates are quite passive when moving through the water, using the cilia on their com... |
[Apollo] set several [major] [human spaceflight] [milestones]. It stands alone in sending [manned missions] beyond [low Earth orbit]. [Apollo 8] was the [first] [manned spacecraft] to [orbit] [another celestial body], while the [final] [Apollo 17 mission] marked the [sixth Moon landing] and the [ninth manned mission] b... | Apollo set several major human spaceflight milestones. It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit. Apollo 8 was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body, while the final Apollo 17 mission marked the sixth Moon landing and the ninth manned mission beyond low Earth orbit. The pro... |
Both [before] and [after] the [1708 passage] of the [Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act], an estimated [50,000 Protestant Walloons] and [Huguenots] fled to [England], with many moving [on to Ireland] and [elsewhere]. In [relative terms], this was [one of the largest waves] of [immigration] [ever] of a [single ethni... | Both before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, an estimated 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere. In relative terms, this was one of the largest waves of immigration ever of a single ethnic community to Britain. And... |
Demographically, it was the most diverse city in Poland, with significant numbers of [foreign-born] inhabitants. In addition to the [Polish majority], there was a significant [Jewish minority] in Warsaw. According to [Russian census] of 1897, out of the total population of [638,000], Jews constituted [219,000] (around ... | Demographically, it was the most diverse city in Poland, with significant numbers of foreign-born inhabitants. In addition to the Polish majority, there was a significant Jewish minority in Warsaw. According to Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 638,000, Jews constituted 219,000 (around 34% percent)... |
The [Master] is the Doctor's [archenemy], a [renegade Time Lord] who desires to [rule] the [universe]. Conceived as "Professor [Moriarty] to the Doctor's [Sherlock Holmes]", the character first appeared in [1971]. As with the Doctor, the [role] has been [portrayed] by several [actors], since the Master is a [Time Lord]... | The Master is the Doctor's archenemy, a renegade Time Lord who desires to rule the universe. Conceived as "Professor Moriarty to the Doctor's Sherlock Holmes", the character first appeared in 1971. As with the Doctor, the role has been portrayed by several actors, since the Master is a Time Lord as well and able to reg... |
In [Ireland], [private schools] (Irish: [scoil phríobháideach]) are [unusual] because a [certain number] of [teacher's salaries] are [paid] by the [State]. If the [school] [wishes] to [employ] [extra teachers] they are [paid for] with [school fees], which tend to be [relatively low] in [Ireland] compared to the [rest o... | In Ireland, private schools (Irish: scoil phríobháideach) are unusual because a certain number of teacher's salaries are paid by the State. If the school wishes to employ extra teachers they are paid for with school fees, which tend to be relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world. There is, however, a... |
In [the early years] the College trained many [Puritan ministers].[citation needed] (A [1643 publication] said the school's purpose was "to advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to leave an [illiterate ministry] to the [churches] when our present ministers shall lie in the dust".) It offered a [clas... | In the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers.citation needed (A 1643 publication said the school's purpose was "to advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to leave an illiterate ministry to the churches when our present ministers shall lie in the dust".) It offered a classic curriculu... |
As far as [programming] is concerned, four of [ABC]'s [marquee shows] of the [1970s] ended their runs during the [mid-1980s]: [Laverne & Shirley] ended its run in [1983], [Happy Days] and [Three's Company] ended in [1984] (with the latter producing a [short-lived spinoff] that year), while [The Love Boat] ended its run... | As far as programming is concerned, four of ABC's marquee shows of the 1970s ended their runs during the mid-1980s: Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983, Happy Days and Three's Company ended in 1984 (with the latter producing a short-lived spinoff that year), while The Love Boat ended its run in 1986. After nearly a... |
These [studies] were widely presented as demonstrating that the [current warming period] is exceptional in comparison to [temperatures] between [1000 and 1900], and the [MBH99 based graph] featured in [publicity]. Even at the [draft stage], this [finding] was [disputed] by [contrarians]: in [May 2000] [Fred Singer]'s [... | These studies were widely presented as demonstrating that the current warming period is exceptional in comparison to temperatures between 1000 and 1900, and the MBH99 based graph featured in publicity. Even at the draft stage, this finding was disputed by contrarians: in May 2000 Fred Singer's Science and Environmental... |
Firstly, [certain costs] are [difficult to avoid] and are [shared by everyone], such as the [costs of housing], [pensions], [education] and [health care]. If the [state] does not provide these [services], then for those on [lower incomes], the [costs] must be [borrowed] and often those on [lower incomes] are those who ... | Firstly, certain costs are difficult to avoid and are shared by everyone, such as the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care. If the state does not provide these services, then for those on lower incomes, the costs must be borrowed and often those on lower incomes are those who are worse equipped to mana... |
Many faults are able to produce a [magnitude 6.7+] earthquake, such as the [San Andreas Fault], which can produce a [magnitude 8.0] event. Other faults include the [San Jacinto Fault], the [Puente Hills Fault], and the [Elsinore Fault Zone]. The [USGS] has released a [California Earthquake forecast] which models [Earth... | Many faults are able to produce a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault, which can produce a magnitude 8.0 event. Other faults include the San Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone. The USGS has released a California Earthquake forecast which models Earthquake occurrence ... |
Maududi also believed that [Muslim society] could not be [Islamic] without [Sharia], and [Islam] required the establishment of an [Islamic state]. This state should be a "theo-democracy," based on the principles of: [tawhid] (unity of God), [risala] (prophethood) and [khilafa] (caliphate). Although Maududi talked about... | Maududi also believed that Muslim society could not be Islamic without Sharia, and Islam required the establishment of an Islamic state. This state should be a "theo-democracy," based on the principles of: tawhid (unity of God), risala (prophethood) and khilafa (caliphate). Although Maududi talked about Islamic revolut... |
[Subordinate] to the [General Conference] are the [jurisdictional] and [central conferences] which also meet every [four years]. The [United States] is divided into [five jurisdictions]: [Northeastern], [Southeastern], [North Central], [South Central] and [Western]. Outside the United States the church is divided into ... | Subordinate to the General Conference are the jurisdictional and central conferences which also meet every four years. The United States is divided into five jurisdictions: Northeastern, Southeastern, North Central, South Central and Western. Outside the United States the church is divided into seven central conference... |
[A further type] of [committee] is normally set up to [scrutinise] [private bills] submitted to the [Scottish Parliament] by an [outside party] or [promoter] who is not a [member] of the [Scottish Parliament] or [Scottish Government]. [Private bills] normally relate to [large-scale development projects] such as [infras... | A further type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects such as infrastructure projects that re... |
About [61.1%] of [Victorians] describe themselves as [Christian]. [Roman Catholics] form the single largest religious group in the state with [26.7%] of the Victorian population, followed by [Anglicans] and members of the [Uniting Church]. [Buddhism] is the state's largest [non-Christian religion], with [168,637] membe... | About 61.1% of Victorians describe themselves as Christian. Roman Catholics form the single largest religious group in the state with 26.7% of the Victorian population, followed by Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church. Buddhism is the state's largest non-Christian religion, with 168,637 members as of the most re... |
One of the more notable applications of [printing technology] was the [chao], the [paper money] of the [Yuan]. [Chao] were made from the [bark] of [mulberry trees]. The [Yuan government] used [woodblocks] to print [paper money], but switched to [bronze plates] in [1275]. The [Mongols] experimented with establishing the... | One of the more notable applications of printing technology was the chao, the paper money of the Yuan. Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monet... |
A computational problem can be viewed as an [infinite collection] of [instances] together with a [solution] for every [instance]. The [input string] for a [computational problem] is referred to as a [problem instance], and should not be confused with the [problem] itself. In [computational complexity theory], a [proble... | A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of instances together with a solution for every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself. In computational complexity theory, a problem refers to the abs... |
Luther [prolific] [hymn-writer], authoring hymns such as "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott" ("A Mighty Fortress Is Our God"), based on Psalm 46, and "Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her" ("From Heaven Above to Earth I Come"), based on Luke 2:11–12. Luther connected [high art] and [folk music], also [all classes], [clergy] an... | Luther was a prolific hymn-writer, authoring hymns such as "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott" ("A Mighty Fortress Is Our God"), based on Psalm 46, and "Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her" ("From Heaven Above to Earth I Come"), based on Luke 2:11–12. Luther connected high art and folk music, also all classes, clergy and lait... |
In terms of [housing stock], the [authority] is one of [few authorities] to see the proportion of [detached homes] rise in the [2010 Census] (to 7.8%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in [flats] and [waterside apartments] to 25.6%, and the proportion of [converted] or [shared houses] in [2011] ren... | In terms of housing stock, the authority is one of few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census (to 7.8%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in flats and waterside apartments to 25.6%, and the proportion of converted or shared houses in 2011 renders this dwelling t... |
If a problem [X] is in [C] and hard for [C], then [X] is said to be [complete] for [C]. This means that [X] is the [hardest] problem in [C]. (Since many problems could be [equally hard], one might say that [X] is one of the [hardest problems] in [C].) Thus the class of [NP-complete problems] contains the [most difficul... | If a problem X is in C and hard for C, then X is said to be complete for C. This means that X is the hardest problem in C. (Since many problems could be equally hard, one might say that X is one of the hardest problems in C.) Thus the class of NP-complete problems contains the most difficult problems in NP, in the sens... |
A wide selection of [serials] are available from [BBC Video] on [DVD], on sale in the [United Kingdom], [Australia], [Canada] and the [United States]. Every fully extant serial has been released on [VHS], and [BBC Worldwide] continues to regularly release serials on [DVD]. The [2005 series] is also available in its ent... | A wide selection of serials are available from BBC Video on DVD, on sale in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States. Every fully extant serial has been released on VHS, and BBC Worldwide continues to regularly release serials on DVD. The 2005 series is also available in its entirety on UMD for the P... |
[At the beginning] of the [20th century], [important advancement] in [geological science] was facilitated by the ability to obtain [accurate absolute dates] to [geologic events] using [radioactive isotopes] and [other methods]. This changed the [understanding] of [geologic time]. [Previously], [geologists] could only u... | At the beginning of the 20th century, important advancement in geological science was facilitated by the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes and other methods. This changed the understanding of geologic time. Previously, geologists could only use fossils and stratigra... |
[Luther] objected to a saying attributed to [Johann Tetzel] that "As soon as the [coin] in the [coffer] rings, the [soul] from [purgatory] (also attested as 'into [heaven]') springs." | Luther objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven') springs." |
In [1900], the [Los Angeles Times] defined [southern California] as including "the seven counties of [Los Angeles], [San Bernardino], [Orange], [Riverside], [San Diego], [Ventura] and [Santa Barbara]." In [1999], the Times added a newer county—[Imperial]—to that list. | In 1900, the Los Angeles Times defined southern California as including "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara." In 1999, the Times added a newer county—Imperial—to that list. |
Aristotle provided a [philosophical discussion] of the concept of a [force] as an integral part of [Aristotelian cosmology]. In Aristotle's view, the [terrestrial sphere] contained [four elements] that come to rest at different "natural places" therein. Aristotle believed that [motionless objects] on [Earth], those com... | Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different "natural places" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly o... |
[Huguenot] numbers [peaked] [near] an [estimated] [two million] [by] [1562], [concentrated] [mainly] [in] [the southern] [and] [central parts] [of] [France], [about] [one-eighth] [the number] [of] [French Catholics]. [As] [Huguenots] [gained] [influence] [and] [more openly displayed] [their faith], [Catholic hostility]... | Huguenot numbers peaked near an estimated two million by 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics. As Huguenots gained influence and more openly displayed their faith, Catholic hostility grew, in spite of increasingly liberal political conces... |
On [June 4], [2014], the [NFL] announced that the practice of branding [Super Bowl] games with [Roman numerals], a practice established at [Super Bowl V], would be temporarily suspended, and that the game would be named using [Arabic numerals] as [Super Bowl 50] as opposed to [Super Bowl L]. The use of [Roman numerals]... | On June 4, 2014, the NFL announced that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V, would be temporarily suspended, and that the game would be named using Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated ... |
On [July 31, 1995], The Walt Disney Company announced an [agreement] to [merge] with [Capital Cities/ABC] for $19 billion. Disney [shareholders] approved the merger at a [special conference] in [New York City] on [January 4, 1996], with the [acquisition] of Capital Cities/ABC being completed on [February 9]; following ... | On July 31, 1995, The Walt Disney Company announced an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC for $19 billion. Disney shareholders approved the merger at a special conference in New York City on January 4, 1996, with the acquisition of Capital Cities/ABC being completed on February 9; following the sale, Disney ren... |
[Newcastle Mela], held on the late August bank holiday weekend, is an [annual] [two-day] [multicultural event], blending [drama], [music] and [food] from [Punjabi], [Pakistani], [Bengali] and [Hindu] [cultures]. [NewcastleGateshead] also holds an [annual] [International Arts Fair]. The [2009] event will be in the [Norm... | Newcastle Mela, held on the late August bank holiday weekend, is an annual two-day multicultural event, blending drama, music and food from Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures. NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair. The 2009 event will be in the Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead... |
[Tesla] later approached [Morgan] to ask for more [funds] to build a more [powerful] [transmitter]. When asked where all the [money] had gone, Tesla responded by saying that he was affected by the [Panic of 1901], which he (Morgan) had caused. Morgan was shocked by the reminder of his [part] in the [stock market crash]... | Tesla later approached Morgan to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter. When asked where all the money had gone, Tesla responded by saying that he was affected by the Panic of 1901, which he (Morgan) had caused. Morgan was shocked by the reminder of his part in the stock market crash and by Tesla's br... |
Following the [Peterloo massacre] of [1819], poet [Percy Shelley] wrote the political poem [The Mask of Anarchy] later that year, that begins with the images of what he thought to be the [unjust forms of authority] of his time—and then imagines the [stirrings of a new form of social action]. It is perhaps the [first mo... | Following the Peterloo massacre of 1819, poet Percy Shelley wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy later that year, that begins with the images of what he thought to be the unjust forms of authority of his time—and then imagines the stirrings of a new form of social action. It is perhaps the first modernvague sta... |
[Neoclassical economics] views [inequalities] in the [distribution] of [income] as arising from [differences] in [value added] by [labor], [capital] and [land]. Within [labor income distribution] is due to differences in [value added] by different [classifications] of [workers]. In this [perspective], [wages] and [prof... | Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land. Within labor income distribution is due to differences in value added by different classifications of workers. In this perspective, wages and profits are determined by the margi... |
[Fossils] found in [Kenya] suggest that [primates] roamed the area [more than 20 million years ago]. [Recent findings] near [Lake Turkana] indicate that [hominids] such as [Homo habilis] (1.8 and 2.5 million years ago) and [Homo erectus] (1.8 million to 350,000 years ago) are possible [direct ancestors] of [modern Homo... | Fossils found in Kenya suggest that primates roamed the area more than 20 million years ago. Recent findings near Lake Turkana indicate that hominids such as Homo habilis (1.8 and 2.5 million years ago) and Homo erectus (1.8 million to 350,000 years ago) are possible direct ancestors of modern Homo sapiens, and lived i... |
The following four [timelines] show the [geologic time scale]. The [first] shows the entire time from the [formation] of the [Earth] to the [present], but this [compresses] the most recent [eon]. Therefore, the [second scale] shows the most recent eon with an [expanded scale]. The second scale [compresses] the most rec... | The following four timelines show the geologic time scale. The first shows the entire time from the formation of the Earth to the present, but this compresses the most recent eon. Therefore, the second scale shows the most recent eon with an expanded scale. The second scale compresses the most recent era, so the most r... |
Egyptian President [Anwar Sadat] – whose policies included [opening Egypt to Western investment] ([infitah]); [transferring Egypt's allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States]; and [making peace with Israel] – [released Islamists from prison] and [welcomed home exiles] in [tacit exchange] for [political supp... | Egyptian President Anwar Sadat – whose policies included opening Egypt to Western investment (infitah); transferring Egypt's allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States; and making peace with Israel – released Islamists from prison and welcomed home exiles in tacit exchange for political support in his strugg... |
For exercise, [Tesla] walked between [8] to [10] [miles] per [day]. He squished his [toes] [one hundred times] for [each foot] [every night], saying that it stimulated his [brain cells]. | For exercise, Tesla walked between 8 to 10 miles per day. He squished his toes one hundred times for each foot every night, saying that it stimulated his brain cells. |
Around [1800] [Richard Trevithick] and, separately, [Oliver Evans] in [1801] introduced [engines] using [high-pressure steam]; [Trevithick] obtained his [high-pressure engine] [patent] in [1802]. These were much [more powerful] for a given [cylinder size] than previous engines and could be made [small enough] for [tran... | Around 1800 Richard Trevithick and, separately, Oliver Evans in 1801 introduced engines using high-pressure steam; Trevithick obtained his high-pressure engine patent in 1802. These were much more powerful for a given cylinder size than previous engines and could be made small enough for transport applications. Thereaf... |
In 2006, a [toxic waste spill] off the coast of [Côte d'Ivoire], from a [European ship], prompted the [Commission] to look into [legislation] against [toxic waste]. [Environment Commissioner Stavros Dimas] stated that "Such [highly toxic waste] should never have left the [European Union]". With countries such as [Spain... | In 2006, a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire, from a European ship, prompted the Commission to look into legislation against toxic waste. Environment Commissioner Stavros Dimas stated that "Such highly toxic waste should never have left the European Union". With countries such as Spain not even having a ... |
[IPCC] author [Richard Lindzen] has made a number of criticisms of the [TAR]. Among his criticisms, Lindzen has stated that the [WGI Summary for Policymakers (SPM)] does not faithfully summarize the full [WGI report]. For example, Lindzen states that the [SPM] understates the uncertainty associated with [climate models... | IPCC author Richard Lindzen has made a number of criticisms of the TAR. Among his criticisms, Lindzen has stated that the WGI Summary for Policymakers (SPM) does not faithfully summarize the full WGI report. For example, Lindzen states that the SPM understates the uncertainty associated with climate models. John Hought... |
[ARPANET] and [SITA HLN] became operational in 1969. Before the introduction of [X.25] in 1973, about [twenty different network technologies] had been developed. Two fundamental differences involved the [division of functions] and [tasks] between the [hosts] at the [edge of the network] and the [network core]. In the [... | ARPANET and SITA HLN became operational in 1969. Before the introduction of X.25 in 1973, about twenty different network technologies had been developed. Two fundamental differences involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core. In the datagram system, th... |
Under the terms of the [Scotland Act 1978], an [elected assembly] would be set up in [Edinburgh] provided that the majority of the [Scottish electorate] voted for it in a [referendum] to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least [40%] of the [total electorate]. The [1979 Scottish devolution referendum] to estab... | Under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978, an elected assembly would be set up in Edinburgh provided that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate. The 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved ... |
Doctor Who [first appeared] on [BBC TV] at [17:16:20 GMT], [eighty seconds] after the [scheduled programme time], [5:15 pm], on [Saturday], [23 November 1963]. It was to be a [regular weekly programme], each episode [25 minutes] of [transmission length]. [Discussions] and [plans] for the programme had been [in progress... | Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963. It was to be a regular weekly programme, each episode 25 minutes of transmission length. Discussions and plans for the programme had been in progress for a year. The head of dr... |
Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. [According to the 1901 census], out of [711,988 inhabitants] [56.2%] were [Catholics], [35.7%] [Jews], [5%] [Greek orthodox Christians] and [2.8%] [Protestants]. [Eight years later], in [1909], there were [281,754 Jews] ([36.9%]), [18,189 Protestants] ([2... | Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%... |
In addition, there are [$2 million] worth of [other ancillary events], including [a week-long event] at the [Santa Clara Convention Center], [a beer, wine and food festival] at [Bellomy Field] at [Santa Clara University], and [a pep rally]. [A professional fundraiser] will aid in [finding business sponsors] and [indivi... | In addition, there are $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center, a beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field at Santa Clara University, and a pep rally. A professional fundraiser will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors, but stil... |
[Johann Eck], [speaking] on behalf of the [Empire] as [assistant] of the [Archbishop] of [Trier], presented [Luther] with [copies] of his [writings] laid out on a [table] and asked him if the [books] were his, and whether he [stood] by their [contents]. [Luther] [confirmed] he was their [author], but [requested] [time]... | Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier, presented Luther with copies of his writings laid out on a table and asked him if the books were his, and whether he stood by their contents. Luther confirmed he was their author, but requested time to think about the answer to the se... |
The [G mission] was achieved on [Apollo 11] in [July 1969] by an [all-Gemini veteran crew] consisting of [Neil Armstrong], [Michael Collins] and [Buzz Aldrin]. [Armstrong] and [Aldrin] performed the [first landing] at the [Sea of Tranquility] at [20:17:40 UTC] on [July 20, 1969]. They spent a total of [21 hours, 36 min... | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... |
LeGrande writes that "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible. [In reviewing] the [voluminous literature] on the subject, the [student] of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a [maze] of [semantical problems] and [grammatical nicet... | LeGrande writes that "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible. In reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like A... |
[Newcastle International Airport] is located approximately [6 miles] ([9.7 km]) from the [city centre] on the [northern outskirts] of the city near [Ponteland] and is the [larger] of the two main airports serving the [North East]. It is connected to the city via the [Metro Light Rail system] and a [journey] into [Newca... | Newcastle International Airport is located approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from the city centre on the northern outskirts of the city near Ponteland and is the larger of the two main airports serving the North East. It is connected to the city via the Metro Light Rail system and a journey into Newcastle city centre take... |
[After a punt] from both teams, [Carolina] got on track with a 9-play, 73-yard [scoring drive]. [Newton] completed [4 of 4 passes] for [51 yards] and rushed [twice] for [25 yards], while [Jonathan Stewart] finished the drive with a [1-yard touchdown run], cutting the score to [10–7] with [11:28 left] in the [second qua... | After a punt from both teams, Carolina got on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive. Newton completed 4 of 4 passes for 51 yards and rushed twice for 25 yards, while Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10–7 with 11:28 left in the second quarter. Later on, Broncos r... |
The [centre-left] [Australian Labor Party (ALP)], the [centre-right] [Liberal Party of Australia], the [rural-based] [National Party of Australia], and the [environmentalist] [Australian Greens] are Victoria's [main political parties]. Traditionally, [Labor] is [strongest] in Melbourne's [working class] [western] and [... | The centre-left Australian Labor Party (ALP), the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia, the rural-based National Party of Australia, and the environmentalist Australian Greens are Victoria's main political parties. Traditionally, Labor is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs, and the r... |
Currently, [New Jersey], [Rhode Island] and [Delaware] are the only [U.S. states] where [ABC] does not have a locally licensed [affiliate] (New Jersey is served by [New York City] O&O [WABC-TV] and [Philadelphia] O&O [WPVI-TV]; Rhode Island is served by [New Bedford], [Massachusetts]-licensed [WLNE]; and Delaware is se... | Currently, New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware are the only U.S. states where ABC does not have a locally licensed affiliate (New Jersey is served by New York City O&O WABC-TV and Philadelphia O&O WPVI-TV; Rhode Island is served by New Bedford, Massachusetts-licensed WLNE; and Delaware is served by WPVI and Salisbury... |
Long-term [active memory] is acquired following [infection] by activation of [B and T cells]. [Active immunity] can also be generated artificially, through [vaccination]. The [principle] behind [vaccination] (also called [immunization]) is to introduce an [antigen] from a [pathogen] in order to stimulate the [immune sy... | Long-term active memory is acquired following infection by activation of B and T cells. Active immunity can also be generated artificially, through vaccination. The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization) is to introduce an antigen from a pathogen in order to stimulate the immune system and develop spec... |
Pattern recognition receptors [are proteins] used by [nearly all organisms] to identify molecules associated with pathogens. [Antimicrobial peptides] called [defensins] are [an evolutionarily conserved component] of the [innate immune response] found in [all animals and plants], and represent the [main form] of [invert... | Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides called defensins are an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune response found in all animals and plants, and represent the main form of invertebrate systemic i... |
While [primary chloroplasts] have a [double membrane] from their [cyanobacterial ancestor], [secondary chloroplasts] have [additional membranes] [outside] of the [original two], as a result of the [secondary endosymbiotic event], when a [nonphotosynthetic eukaryote] [engulfed] a [chloroplast-containing alga] but [faile... | While primary chloroplasts have a double membrane from their cyanobacterial ancestor, secondary chloroplasts have additional membranes outside of the original two, as a result of the secondary endosymbiotic event, when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it—much lik... |
In the laboratory, [stratigraphers] analyze [samples] of [stratigraphic sections] that can be [returned] from the [field], such as those from [drill cores]. [Stratigraphers] also analyze [data] from [geophysical surveys] that show the [locations] of [stratigraphic units] in the [subsurface]. [Geophysical data] and [wel... | In the laboratory, stratigraphers analyze samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field, such as those from drill cores. Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys that show the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface. Geophysical data and well logs can be combined to p... |
Since [7500 yr ago], a situation with [tides] and [currents], very [similar] to [present] has existed. Rates of [sea-level rise] had dropped so [far], that [natural sedimentation] by the [Rhine] and [coastal processes] together, could compensate the [transgression] by the [sea]; in the [last 7000 years], the [coast lin... | Since 7500 yr ago, a situation with tides and currents, very similar to present has existed. Rates of sea-level rise had dropped so far, that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea; in the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same l... |
Uniflow engines attempt to remedy the difficulties arising from the usual counterflow cycle where, during each stroke, the port and the cylinder walls will be cooled by the passing exhaust steam, whilst the hotter incoming admission steam will waste some of its energy in restoring working temperature. The aim of the un... | Uniflow engines attempt to remedy the difficulties arising from the usual counterflow cycle where, during each stroke, the port and the cylinder walls will be cooled by the passing exhaust steam, whilst the hotter incoming admission steam will waste some of its energy in restoring working temperature. The aim of the un... |
An ambitious scheme of [decoration] was developed for these new areas: a series of [mosaic figures] depicting [famous European artists] of the [Medieval] and [Renaissance period]. These have now been [removed] to other areas of the [museum]. Also started were a series of [frescoes] by [Lord Leighton]: [Industrial Arts]... | An ambitious scheme of decoration was developed for these new areas: a series of mosaic figures depicting famous European artists of the Medieval and Renaissance period. These have now been removed to other areas of the museum. Also started were a series of frescoes by Lord Leighton: Industrial Arts as Applied to War 1... |
With [two-cylinder compounds] used in [railway work], the [pistons] are connected to the [cranks] as with a [two-cylinder simple] at [90° out of phase] with each other (quartered). When the [double expansion group] is duplicated, producing a [4-cylinder compound], the [individual pistons] within the group are usually [... | With two-cylinder compounds used in railway work, the pistons are connected to the cranks as with a two-cylinder simple at 90° out of phase with each other (quartered). When the double expansion group is duplicated, producing a 4-cylinder compound, the individual pistons within the group are usually balanced at 180°, t... |
[One] of the [most dramatic] [parts] of the [museum] is the [Cast Courts] in the [sculpture wing], comprising [two] [large], [skylighted rooms] [two storeys high] [housing] [hundreds] of [plaster casts] of [sculptures], [friezes] and [tombs]. [One] of these is [dominated] by a [full-scale replica] of [Trajan's Column],... | One of the most dramatic parts of the museum is the Cast Courts in the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two storeys high housing hundreds of plaster casts of sculptures, friezes and tombs. One of these is dominated by a full-scale replica of Trajan's Column, cut in half in order to fit under the c... |
Some [dinophytes], like [Kryptoperidinium] and [Durinskia] have a [diatom] ([heterokontophyte]) derived [chloroplast]. These chloroplasts are bounded by up to [five membranes], (depending on whether you count the entire diatom [endosymbiont] as the chloroplast, or just the [red algal] derived chloroplast inside it). Th... | Some dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chloroplast. These chloroplasts are bounded by up to five membranes, (depending on whether you count the entire diatom endosymbiont as the chloroplast, or just the red algal derived chloroplast inside it). The diatom endosymbi... |
From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. [Two thirds] of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows [farther west], through the Waal and then, [via] the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), [merging] with the Meuse, [through] the Holl... | From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep ... |
Research shows that [student motivation] and [attitudes towards school] are closely linked to [student-teacher relationships]. [Enthusiastic teachers] are particularly good at creating [beneficial relations] with their students. Their ability to create [effective learning environments] that foster [student achievement]... | Research shows that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships. Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at creating beneficial relations with their students. Their ability to create effective learning environments that foster student achievement depends on th... |
[Pharmacists] are [healthcare professionals] with [specialised education] and [training] who perform various [roles] to ensure [optimal health outcomes] for their [patients] through the [quality use of medicines]. [Pharmacists] may also be [small-business proprietors], owning the [pharmacy] in which they practice. Sinc... | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... |
Subsequently, [Californios] (dissatisfied with [inequitable taxes] and [land laws]) and [pro-slavery southerners] in the lightly populated "Cow Counties" of [southern California] attempted three times in the 1850s to achieve a [separate statehood] or [territorial status] separate from [Northern California]. The last at... | Subsequently, Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws) and pro-slavery southerners in the lightly populated "Cow Counties" of southern California attempted three times in the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California. The last attempt, the Pico ... |
With [4:51] left in regulation, [Carolina] got the [ball] on their own [24-yard line] with a chance to mount a [game-winning drive], and soon faced [3rd-and-9]. On the [next play], [Miller] [stripped] the ball away from [Newton], and after several players [dove] for it, it took a [long bounce] [backwards] and was [reco... | With 4:51 left in regulation, Carolina got the ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9. On the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward, who returned... |
The [Mongol military] was also successful in [siege warfare], cutting off [resources] for [cities] and [towns] by diverting certain [rivers], taking [enemy prisoners] and driving them in front of the [army], and adopting [new ideas], [techniques] and [tools] from the [people] they [conquered], particularly in employing... | The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers, taking enemy prisoners and driving them in front of the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege ... |
The [centrifugal governor] was adopted by [James Watt] for use on a [steam engine] in [1788] after Watt's partner [Boulton] saw one at a [flour mill] [Boulton & Watt] were building. The governor could not actually hold a set speed, because it would assume a new constant speed in response to [load changes]. The governor... | The centrifugal governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine in 1788 after Watt’s partner Boulton saw one at a flour mill Boulton & Watt were building. The governor could not actually hold a set speed, because it would assume a new constant speed in response to load changes. The governor was able to han... |
Chloroplasts' main role is to conduct [photosynthesis], where the [photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll] captures the [energy] from [sunlight] and converts it and stores it in the [energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH] while freeing [oxygen] from [water]. They then use the [ATP and NADPH] to make [organic molecules] fr... | Chloroplasts' main role is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water. They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide ... |
The question of whether [P equals NP] is one of the [most important] [open questions] in [theoretical computer science] because of the [wide implications] of a solution. If the answer is [yes], [many] [important problems] can be shown to have [more efficient solutions]. These include [various types] of [integer program... | The question of whether P equals NP is one of the most important open questions in theoretical computer science because of the wide implications of a solution. If the answer is yes, many important problems can be shown to have more efficient solutions. These include various types of integer programming problems in oper... |
The [flora] of the city may be considered [very rich] in [species]. The [species richness] is mainly due to the [location] of Warsaw within the [border region] of several [big floral regions] comprising [substantial proportions] of [close-to-wilderness areas] ([natural forests], [wetlands] along the Vistula) as well as... | The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows ... |
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