id stringlengths 36 36 | syllogism stringlengths 70 234 | validity bool 2
classes | plausibility bool 2
classes |
|---|---|---|---|
60fe7ed8-873b-4fb0-ac87-1dc330032a3a | There are no birds which are insects. There is no fly that is a bird. It follows, then, that some flies are insects. | false | true |
3f27ae02-9e64-4c34-96d4-4e241a1c356c | No item that can be described as a cat is a dog. There exist pets that are dogs. We must conclude that some pets are not cats. | true | true |
13b6fa09-35e7-4bf1-9bee-12474c668503 | There exists no dog that is also a plant. There are no humans who are plants. The group of humans and the group of dogs are mutually exclusive. | false | true |
1ddf5f37-b195-43ff-a681-6bbf256e74e0 | There is a person who is both a politician and a lawyer. The group of senators includes people who are lawyers. The consequence is that some senators are politicians. | false | true |
9b4f2ed1-786d-4b4f-a076-2c5dcfdc637b | Anything that is a flower is made of metal. Every single rose is a flower. At least one rose is made of metal. | true | false |
a2c6000f-14cf-4763-98a8-247ebc65773f | Every single thing that is a truck is a vehicle. It is the case that a number of pickups are vehicles. Consequently, some pickups are not trucks. | false | false |
66becbb7-c25e-4311-9351-8ae03584a7f6 | There are no animals that are both fish and warm-blooded. The entire group of mammals consists of animals that are warm-blooded. Fish and mammals are mutually exclusive categories. | true | true |
4510d170-3c4e-455b-a819-2c2e88fe1655 | Every single reptile is a living thing. The set of animals contains no living things. Not a single reptile is an animal. | false | false |
dff7e3d0-0d22-47b4-a2df-100757a822f5 | Anything that is a fish can fly. It is also the case that every single bird can fly. From this, it can be concluded that all fish are birds. | false | false |
b436f6f9-ef9a-4109-9d2e-6c1de2d3bea0 | There are some sweet foods that are cakes. There are no cakes that are salty foods. It is the case that no salty foods are sweet foods. | false | true |
290712e0-73c5-4144-af4e-1ffca0c6ed18 | Not a single thing that is a machine is an animal. It is known that a portion of cars are machines. Thus, it must be true that some cars are animals. | false | false |
7af1f61d-43ed-4320-b76a-3f4137373e22 | Anything that is a priest is a man. Every single pope is a man. It is necessarily concluded that every pope is a priest. | false | true |
fc0f46f1-7745-4e5b-8448-f15f54ba1970 | There is no machine that is a chair. A few chairs happen to be things that are made of wood. Therefore, some things made of wood are not machines. | true | true |
8a7cff1f-9701-43ed-81cb-17e5fe597f0f | Every single house is a thing that is a building. A shed is never a thing that is a building. It follows that no shed is a house. | true | false |
7365d303-9046-46f0-8fdc-d668a2845007 | There are no parrots which are mammals. Some birds are parrots. This implies that no birds are mammals. | false | true |
1d4de649-8f04-436a-b489-abb438c23bcb | Every single bird has the ability to read novels. There exist some pigeons which are birds. Therefore, some pigeons can read novels. | true | false |
c734ea25-7d1d-4611-b3f5-9a7a5928bb21 | Nothing that is a land animal is an aquatic animal. A certain number of hippos are to be found among the land animals. Thus, it can be concluded that some hippos are aquatic animals. | false | true |
777cdc8f-1a66-4ad2-bf27-633f430f0183 | There are no vehicles that are made of metal. Every single car is a vehicle. This means that no car is made of metal. | true | false |
b4528712-3ba2-4790-8758-0b31c91d3d20 | Some writers are also poets. It is known that some novelists are writers. It has been said that some novelists are poets. | false | true |
68e9865c-5c39-473d-84ab-16216fa77d7e | Every single organism that is a fish lives in trees. Anything that is a salmon is a type of fish. It is necessarily concluded that all salmon live in trees. | true | false |
f37a0e86-98bb-459b-8d6d-60b3455de955 | Any and all humans are mortal. It is a known fact that all humans are primates. Thus, every single primate is mortal. | false | true |
26d7b707-2358-4873-bc57-d4aa724f7f22 | Anything that is a sparrow is also a bird. There are some bats which are not birds. This necessarily means that some bats are not sparrows. | true | true |
4f301646-128a-4478-96f3-94ddd9ba282d | There are some animals that are not mammals. Everything that is a dog is a mammal. Thus, every dog is an animal. | false | true |
5ab729fc-d0d1-45fa-8588-7b270389800f | Anything that is a poet is also a writer. All writers are people who are creative. We can conclude from this that a portion of creative people are poets. | true | true |
1b1b97d3-969d-4921-9095-42863228cbab | Anything that is a mammal is a creature that is warm-blooded. Some animals are, without a doubt, mammals. Therefore, every single animal is made of wood. | false | false |
7b01a111-ae3b-4cf5-85ea-31dfe1da204c | It is the case that every single stone is a cloud. Anything that is a cloud is an animal. Therefore, a few animals are stones. | true | false |
348536c7-1f02-4527-9794-f6ab7fdf1144 | Nothing that is an emotion is a feeling. Certain emotions are classified as sadness. It must be the case that some sadness is not a feeling. | true | false |
f3fecb37-13d4-413b-b97c-7bd23d52e3f8 | It is the case that no liquid is a fluid. All water is a liquid. Consequently, some of the water is not a fluid. | true | false |
8078870d-5ee2-4765-a771-bd795e0a10cf | There are no paintings that are also works of literature. Every single novel is a work of literature. The implication is that there exist some novels which are not paintings. | true | true |
6a373226-2cee-4447-a3e5-1edd8c8af430 | There exist vegetables that grow. Every single vegetable is a plant. It follows that not a single plant is a vegetable. | false | false |
977d509f-bff0-4f82-b5bb-440e1ce5f8d0 | Anything that is a square is a quadrilateral. There are no shapes that are triangles which can also be described as quadrilaterals. There exist certain triangles that are not squares. | true | true |
e6449020-f9d5-4bc0-b0a2-561fa0d15d30 | The group of professionals is a subset of the group of people. Everything that is a doctor is a professional. Therefore, there are some people who are not doctors. | false | true |
8485cc49-e043-42b7-ae68-49245e4954fe | Anything that is a car is a vehicle. Every single sedan is a vehicle. This means that all sedans are cars. | false | true |
42ac3db3-2da4-4208-9db9-9affc3d18dc4 | It is true that some things that are trees are not oaks. Everything that is a tree is a plant. It follows that there are some plants that are not oaks. | true | true |
930de84a-a92b-430d-893f-263036dbffec | There are some vehicles that are machines. Every single car is a vehicle. It is therefore the case that every car is a machine. | false | true |
8040b38f-9c99-420a-b661-c0897591b31b | Anything that is a liquid is not a solid. There is no water that is a liquid. Consequently, every drop of water is a solid. | false | false |
6904b1e8-8a48-4ef1-b450-d8f54773bf96 | It is not true that any flower is a plant. All things that are roses are flowers. Thus, some roses are not plants. | true | false |
13f2e9a6-8df5-459d-987d-2348f712aadc | There are some creatures that are mythical that are centaurs. Every single one of the centaurs is a domesticated animal. Consequently, it is the case that some domesticated animals are mythical creatures. | true | false |
f487c925-ab9d-43a0-9139-1a598deacc51 | There are no vegetables that are apples. Among the apples, a few are red fruits. Not all red fruits are vegetables. | true | true |
a45774a3-287d-449e-8015-57d0a0b6e3d4 | There is nothing that is a canine which is also a feline. Every animal that is a dog is, by its very nature, a canine. It can be logically concluded that no dogs are felines. | true | true |
675842ed-60c4-40ab-9f9b-cf0c90280d88 | Every single human is not a fish. There are a few fish that are also creatures that live in water. It is the case that not all creatures that live in water are humans. | true | true |
b62e49b6-12d4-47d9-87df-e7df1d978057 | There are no animals that are rocks. It is also true that no cats are rocks. Therefore, it is argued that there are no cats which are animals. | false | false |
8da50b76-04db-4f6c-b820-de5f57498334 | It is the case that all actors are performers. There are some men who are actors. Therefore, we can derive that some men are performers. | true | true |
475ce940-a63d-4940-9254-be1e35243cfa | There are some dogs that are cats. There are no cats that are reptiles. As a result, some reptiles are dogs. | false | false |
a387bf65-5020-4833-bfed-c12eb551e259 | Every single country has a capital city. The entity known as France is a country. There is at least some part of France that has a capital city. | true | true |
a6abf627-c349-4eff-9138-1989a2c50491 | The group of creatures that have eight legs does not intersect with the group of arachnids. All of the arachnids are spiders. It must be the case that a portion of spiders are not creatures that have eight legs. | true | false |
baeb9911-e69d-433c-9934-36988fdc2f53 | It is the case that no bird is a reptile. A portion of the penguin population are birds. Thus, some penguins are excluded from the group of reptiles. | true | true |
c0f8e211-64fb-4b10-8a12-14d0def3f5b9 | Every single liquid is wet. It is known that no sand is a liquid. Consequently, there are no things made of sand which are wet. | false | false |
c81d6f35-5656-4c9e-8e8c-bd50cbc341e5 | There are no plants that can be called trees. It is also true that every plant is a type of vegetable. This has led to the conclusion that every vegetable is a tree. | false | false |
fe7ee440-ef75-481a-b562-4bd665bb11c9 | Anything that is a table is not a tree. There are tables, and some of them can be identified as furniture. Based on this, a portion of furniture pieces must not be trees. | true | true |
59598fb3-62fa-42dd-9498-8ae6fdc51cbc | Every mammal is an animal. Every fish is an animal. This suggests that some fish are mammals. | false | false |
4a0e2133-b509-468a-8d8c-93362fc9cc82 | Every single tree is a thing that is alive. Anything that is a plant is alive. At least one plant is a tree. | false | true |
f6b85a4a-31b9-4180-b404-3890742180a2 | There is no square that is a circle. Some of the shapes are squares. Therefore, it is the case that some shapes are circles. | false | true |
02a6d9c3-9704-4290-905b-f427482c06c8 | It is true that every pen is an object. Some things are not pens. From this, it can be claimed that some things are not objects. | false | true |
81346be1-76d7-4051-b57c-05f0145dcd9c | There is no overlap between living things that can breathe oxygen and rocks. All things that are rocks are animals. Certain animals are not living things that can breathe oxygen. | true | false |
eff0c9a8-448c-42ea-a85d-516e2cfa8a91 | It is the case that no mammal is an animal. There are some dogs that are animals. It must be the case that some dogs are not mammals. | true | false |
0112296e-72b9-40a8-89d9-6423f59a958a | Every triangle is a shape. No circle is a triangle. Therefore, no circle can be a shape. | false | false |
97bd1911-5aca-41a1-ba6f-835f2ba45abf | Every cat is a mammal. The set of dolphins contains no cats. Every single dolphin is a mammal. | false | true |
ac9700ee-cf8e-428b-9f4a-88a7a21a73bf | Every cat is an animal. There are a number of dogs that are animals. It follows from this that every single dog is a cat. | false | false |
92732329-128c-43fa-a364-94c90d08162f | Every single car is a type of vehicle with an engine. There exist some bicycles that do not have an engine. It is the case that some bicycles are not cars. | true | true |
050b76be-03f5-4435-a74d-9e93cefce5f5 | It is a fact that all cats are felines. Everything that is a feline is a mammal. Therefore, every single mammal is a cat. | false | false |
f00f038d-2271-4b3f-9044-069732724dd5 | Any creature that is a bird is an animal. A portion of animals are kept as pets. Some pets are not birds. | false | true |
da09c581-be6d-4d5e-952c-94c944e8a751 | Every fruit is an object that contains seeds. Without exception, all apples are fruits. It can be concluded that every apple contains seeds. | true | true |
1e137e72-636d-4cc6-9547-2266ee83ed53 | There are no moons that are also planets. Everything that is a planet is also a celestial body. Some celestial bodies are not moons. | true | true |
cbfc916b-9232-4bcb-8641-edcf556260a0 | Nothing that is a fiction book is a biography. Some novels fall under the category of fiction books. This allows us to state that some novels are not biographies. | true | true |
b0363392-5e97-4d9d-b9a5-6e3af4510d4e | Mountains cannot be oceans. Every mountain named Everest is a mountain. It must be that some mountains named Everest are not oceans. | true | true |
68943d30-671d-4073-9a96-ee59872b9843 | There exist no machines that are also humans. Anything that can be called a student is, without exception, a human. No students are machines. | true | true |
9deb885f-2862-4ceb-86b7-c0fbc19e2691 | Not a single rock is an animal. Every single item which is a dog is a rock. This implies that some dogs are animals. | false | true |
47de8cdb-8488-455b-bb84-d99fce683591 | Anything that is a triangle is not a shape with three sides. Every single thing that is an equilateral triangle is a triangle. Therefore, it is the case that some equilateral triangles are not shapes with three sides. | true | false |
f15e7b0d-2dab-45f1-b6cf-7d62415c7119 | It is the case that no computers are laptops. It is also true that no tables are computers. From these statements, it can be concluded that some tables are laptops. | false | false |
5207dc42-0a3f-40d0-b022-43b3864dc8b1 | Every single star is a planet. No planets are suns. It is therefore a sound deduction that some suns are not stars. | true | false |
f9127a5c-d34b-4472-aa6f-82d8c32f0c42 | Anything that is a human is a mortal. All things that are trees are mortals. This means that everything that is a tree is a human. | false | false |
cf153c16-caa8-4381-ba89-271ab817b327 | A smartphone is a tool. Everything that is a tool is a robot. This is why every robot is a smartphone. | false | false |
9cab23f7-fba3-4286-ad44-0fe56268ff98 | There are some planets which are roses. All roses are, in fact, flowers. It follows that some flowers are planets. | true | false |
96b67dc0-7b49-45dd-9435-5e34c73a408d | Nothing that is a vehicle is able to fly. Each and every airplane is a vehicle. It is therefore a fact that no airplane is able to fly. | true | false |
893389ed-b336-4b90-9b1c-9f6bcc595862 | None of the things that are cats are aquatic animals. All tigers are things that are cats. It follows logically that some tigers are not aquatic animals. | true | true |
7ac17eef-bc85-42eb-a4bd-0c356cb90ad2 | Every single thing that is a dog is a mammal. Anything that is a cat is a mammal. From this, it can be stated that some cats are dogs. | false | false |
f8f7078c-79ba-4085-8343-21a4b63d4c21 | There exist some individuals who are artists that are not painters. Every single person who is an artist is a creative person. It follows that some creative people are painters. | false | true |
7f48e605-47b8-4f1d-914c-d0f3c42593a3 | It is not true that any mammal is a fish. There are a few fish that are also humans. There are some humans that are not mammals. | true | false |
9d0f6e59-163b-4aac-bede-cac5938a90a3 | Everything that is a living organism is a thing that consumes energy. Any and all plants are things that consume energy. This means that all plants are living organisms. | false | true |
17888115-1faa-438c-8260-5dc06d9c0c64 | It is true that some Europeans are people. Among the items that are Germans, some are people. The only conclusion is that some Germans are not Europeans. | false | false |
4c424337-e384-43c6-a130-fcc14a34f3fb | Everything that is a cloud is also a reptile. Everything that is a cloud is also a fish. Hence, some fish are reptiles. | true | false |
cd4bdf9a-bb6a-49bc-973b-bd0aa6c4b732 | Any item that is a tree is a plant. It is the case that a portion of pines are plants. Therefore, not all pines are trees. | false | false |
484629f1-3062-4086-b455-4892eb08d4e6 | Nothing that is a fruit is broccoli. All items of broccoli are vegetables. A subset of vegetables is not fruit. | true | true |
e1f1def4-57f6-41e8-8e37-11c23329583c | There are some buildings that are not skyscrapers. All buildings are considered structures. It is therefore true that some structures are not skyscrapers. | true | true |
d7afe323-d509-4dec-a2e0-28e03a26902e | Not one single nonfiction book is a fictional work. All novels are fictional works. It follows from this that some novels are not nonfiction books. | true | true |
9a3154a2-4a7e-4f26-ae0d-e97e2cec7ef0 | Some fast food restaurants have a drive-thru. There are coffee shops which are also fast food restaurants. It follows, then, that some coffee shops have a drive-thru. | false | true |
ea4ed2ab-8c5b-43f2-b726-218533f2939f | Every single vegetable is a planet. Anything that is a planet is a musical instrument. It is a logical necessity that some musical instruments are vegetables. | true | false |
e1d85847-da07-45e8-aae3-34ee3008c4b7 | Every mammal is a thing that is an animal. There is not a single dog that is an animal. Consequently, no dog is a mammal. | true | false |
a118c2fa-37f7-4086-a209-5fb8b90e4c78 | The category of moons and the category of celestial bodies do not overlap. All celestial bodies are planets. A subset of planets are moons. | false | false |
b3b36ad2-d5c0-4e89-834d-65bb2d69c3c4 | There are no rocks that can be classified as plants. Some granite is included in the category of rocks. Consequently, it follows that some granite is not plants. | true | true |
c648392e-e91c-4046-97fc-4acb588a0a42 | Every single creature that is a pig is capable of flight. There are some farm animals which are pigs. Therefore, a portion of farm animals can fly. | true | false |
5c343f7b-d752-4ebe-92c2-1055da055868 | No liquids are cats. Some dogs are liquids. It is concluded that some dogs are cats. | false | false |
5938206b-fa51-46ed-8a8d-549d39ee4249 | Not one cat is a pet. Everything that is a cat is a mammal. It follows that all pets are mammals. | false | false |
b41d3226-616d-475f-8112-11a869a6cfa7 | The set of artists contains no people who conduct systematic research. Every single scientist is a person who conducts systematic research. Artists are not scientists. | true | true |
34b58acf-6301-4373-90cc-aa8b04fb151d | It is the case that all dogs are mammals. No cats are dogs. It follows that no cat is a mammal. | false | false |
8723ea49-3989-4559-86ee-efe1fbd90384 | There are no birds that are fish. It is the case that some parrots are birds. We can conclude that no parrots are fish. | false | true |
c061e039-e726-41ad-a8a6-e782b7bf417b | The class of insects and the class of creatures with eight legs do not overlap. All creatures with eight legs are spiders. A subset of insects are spiders. | false | false |
bcaacbd3-c582-4316-bc1c-327a00965f63 | Every single cloud is a vehicle. There are no clouds that are buses. Therefore, there is no bus that is a vehicle. | false | false |
06689352-cd51-48f4-8767-0864666d0941 | Anything that is a novel is a book. All books are publications. From these facts, it is clear that a few publications are novels. | true | true |
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