id stringlengths 36 36 | syllogism stringlengths 70 234 | validity bool 2
classes | plausibility bool 2
classes |
|---|---|---|---|
715d4b07-8fea-458e-9a03-b127a0a18ea5 | There isn't a single car that is a two-wheeled vehicle. Everything that is a bicycle is a two-wheeled vehicle. This proves that some bicycles are not cars. | true | true |
42f67665-07b1-4466-b825-8ec4367d126e | There are no items that are not plants that are plants. A number of items that are not plants are trees. Therefore, a portion of trees are plants. | false | true |
3302e35f-aa7e-421a-8724-7186ac4bf418 | There's no small rodent that is a bear. Every single squirrel is a small rodent. Consequently, no squirrel is a bear. | true | true |
731d69cf-0a9f-4ba4-b7b2-061858bb0c03 | There exist no poodles that are also cats. Every single creature that is a poodle is a dog. It follows that not a single dog is a cat. | false | true |
f5a5b2ca-22cf-4dc4-bfef-43b39b6c641c | Any individual who is a teacher is a robot. There are some educators who are teachers. Consequently, some educators are robots. | true | false |
745662c5-c85b-4940-83fe-cea6bd5be051 | Anything that is a human is a primate. Every single whale is a mammal. Not a single whale is a human. | false | true |
8e7c3181-8819-4648-a6f9-33b1009c59c3 | Everything that is a tree is a plant. Not a single stone is a plant. All stones are trees. | false | false |
166f5a4c-b0e7-4f2b-b25d-1c0a08bd59bb | Every single human being is a mammal. It is also true that every lion is a mammal. This means that there are no lions that are humans. | false | true |
1856a3b0-cc1d-49ac-86ec-c6c313dd09e8 | Some animals are human. There are politicians who are human. This means that some politicians are animals. | false | true |
ff719160-ec4d-47a3-9621-a2d1dbb6115c | There are no mammals that are birds. Every single dog is a mammal. It is therefore the case that every dog is a bird. | false | false |
ed7937f5-a98e-4385-a58a-0d24b4f23651 | Anything that is a cat is a feline. It is true that all felines are carnivores. This means that a few carnivores are cats. | true | true |
1abfb720-5619-4658-a940-990150c82d3b | Every single human is a monkey. There are no primates that are monkeys. From this, it follows that no primate is a human. | true | false |
f2dd94c2-9171-442a-92c2-fdc929df2593 | Every single building is alive. There is not a single living thing that is a house. This means that no house is a building. | true | false |
0d500642-6df5-486f-ba53-d5ccdd5a3061 | Every single writing tool is a spaceship. There are some erasers which are not spaceships. It follows that some erasers are not writing tools. | true | false |
4c8d8de7-6547-4766-8f98-7f28dd8b4b9a | There are some individuals who find pleasure in reading who are librarians. Every single person who is a librarian is a student. It is the case that some of the people who are students are people who enjoy reading. | true | true |
68b29c80-27f6-4121-8408-295bd8de466c | Anything that is a bird is a vertebrate. It is also the case that every single bat is a vertebrate. Consequently, nothing that is a bat is a bird. | false | true |
acd76fff-dd32-4375-9c2e-21909ea1bcf1 | Absolutely nothing that is a reptile is a mammal. Among the creatures that are animals, some are mammals. Consequently, some of the creatures that are animals are not reptiles. | true | true |
02f9e80f-e3ec-49b8-99e8-a0153091e603 | Nothing that is an animal is a non-living thing. There are some mammals that are not non-living things. It follows that some mammals are not animals. | false | false |
1600dc48-793c-41d2-a799-317b09a81c7e | Every single integer is divisible by two. All integers are even numbers. It follows from this that some even numbers are not divisible by two. | false | false |
0872ecdb-a56f-421d-8f30-e3be4d70c054 | There are no liquids that are solids. Some of the things that are beverages are liquids. It follows that some beverages are solids. | false | false |
f41764ae-c58b-448c-a721-5d72c5120697 | Nothing that is a cat is a reptile. A creature that is a reptile is never a mammal. It follows that a cat is never a mammal. | false | false |
76f9b327-1308-4678-af38-44f61eafb137 | There are no birds which are cats. There are no dogs that are birds. It follows, then, that some dogs are cats. | false | false |
a6fde999-62a6-4246-9901-654ac4901490 | Every capital city is considered a major city. A portion of capital cities are located in Europe. It therefore follows that some cities in Europe are major cities. | true | true |
7bddb337-7964-4154-8a1e-e61e910b2b7f | Some of the spoons are reptiles. All things that are reptiles are vertebrates. Consequently, it can be concluded that some vertebrates are spoons. | true | false |
b0164134-d52b-4506-92ee-d71e2109d717 | Every single thing that is a snake is a cold-blooded animal. A few snakes are a type of reptile. Thus, some reptiles are cold-blooded animals. | true | true |
d225ab47-ffe9-454b-bb41-4915c4214497 | Anything that is a fish swims. It is the case that no dog is a fish. This implies that some dogs swim. | false | true |
4780354b-3991-4ce8-9981-23d4f3030141 | There are no stones that are alive. There are no trees that are stones. Therefore, no trees are alive. | false | false |
02e208cf-8240-466b-8460-d73f4c35c354 | Every single writing tool is a pencil. No pen is a pencil. This means no pen is a writing tool. | true | false |
96d7a4e1-391c-4286-a7ca-7fbf1576366e | There exist some mammals that have fur. There are some reptiles which have fur. Consequently, a number of reptiles are mammals. | false | false |
2e96d73d-cbad-4b86-b8d5-f02334bed473 | Among the items that are dogs, some are mammals. There are pets which are mammals. We must conclude that some pets are not dogs. | false | true |
6fc2d9ce-e18c-4433-97c7-9eef45031a43 | All plants are in need of sunlight. All trees are, by definition, plants. At least one tree needs sunlight. | true | true |
496112d9-7a6c-4572-9956-21b646a5d0d7 | Not one single insect is a six-legged arthropod. Every single item that is a bug is a six-legged arthropod. It follows from this that a portion of bugs are not insects. | true | false |
3a245c0d-ffb8-4700-a248-70a1917ab838 | There exist cats that are also mammals. A subset of dogs can be classified as mammals. It follows that at least some dogs are not cats. | false | true |
c3ed1a57-88e6-4451-8592-de1be8c8066d | There are no birds that do not have wings. It is the case that no insect is a bird. It follows that some insects have wings. | false | true |
e125f054-b5b7-4eba-b1a9-b942cbe8f552 | It is not the case that every single vegetable is a food. All vegetables are pizzas. Thus, some pizzas are not foods. | true | false |
2f97c41c-4b5a-407a-a57c-95fa1ea134f6 | Not one single rectangle is a four-sided polygon. Everything that is a square is a four-sided polygon. The implication is that a portion of squares are not rectangles. | true | false |
06d7f64b-e471-4c35-a81f-0217f4a84435 | It is true that everything that is a table is furniture. It is also true that all furniture are objects. Thus, it is concluded that all objects are tables. | false | false |
8bf12840-1728-41eb-a389-01098b625ecf | Among those who are students, there are some who are athletes. Every single student is a person who spends time studying. It follows that, of the people who study, some of them are also athletes. | true | true |
830b0cc9-935e-45ba-ab5c-1deb894fa119 | It is a fact that all mammals are animals. There are some animals which are cats. Therefore, every single cat is an animal. | false | true |
c72ea95e-851f-4e43-af9d-17d7ecc26a0d | Wives are not people. Anything that is a wife is a husband. It's the case that some husbands are not people. | true | false |
f261b7cf-efcb-403d-ac2c-c5cebddab402 | There is no physicist who is not a person. It is true that all physicists are scientists. It follows that some scientists are people. | false | true |
93a88d43-069b-4339-85b5-84b9ae226f88 | Every teacher is a robot. None of the robots are humans. It follows that no human is a teacher. | true | false |
3576315f-5476-4468-8a99-94e2afb295f1 | Anything that is a spoon is a form of cutlery. No cutlery items are books. This logically entails that some books are not spoons. | true | true |
fdfe04da-1f41-4062-9295-cc599cfae310 | Everything that is a song is also a mountain. Everything that is a song is also made of water. Hence, some things made of water are mountains. | true | false |
094f320d-ea3a-4e4e-be55-d09692332089 | It is a fact that every tulip is a flower. It is also true that all roses are flowers. Therefore, it is concluded that a few flowers are roses. | false | true |
864fb4b2-8a19-4767-83f4-1dbed28f27e7 | Some of the dogs are mammals. Every mammal is a domesticated animal. From this, it can be concluded that some domesticated animals are dogs. | true | true |
1da871da-0cd9-4734-855e-3c6b5fd057d3 | Everything that is a doctor is a medical professional. Anything that is a medical professional is a human. Thus, every single human is a doctor. | false | false |
d58fd355-2a98-4501-ac04-058a05090a80 | Anyone who is a president is a citizen. Every single person who is a senator is a citizen. This leads to the conclusion that there are some senators who are not citizens. | false | false |
d32207a5-ea82-4d7d-9a51-48f1b384dd8f | There is not a single sound that is a phenomenon that travels in waves. All of the things that are musical notes are sounds. Consequently, some musical notes are not phenomena that travel in waves. | true | false |
a0b75805-fa2b-44f3-b9f5-b08dcb9b0033 | It is not the case that a paper good is made of paper. Each and every book is a paper good. It logically follows that no books are made of paper. | true | false |
0f476f71-6f8c-4780-8ce3-1f00300227e1 | Every piece of furniture that is a chair is made of liquid. Any object that is a bench is a chair. Consequently, all benches are pieces of furniture that are made of liquid. | true | false |
81d80343-1088-400b-be29-0d63312a959b | All things which are mammals are vertebrates. A portion of warm-blooded animals are mammals. Therefore, there exist some warm-blooded animals that are vertebrates. | true | true |
bdce56a3-a9d8-476a-a050-d6c653a79061 | Not a single house is a stadium. Every single stadium is a building. It is therefore the case that some buildings are not houses. | true | true |
e31bb89a-6c5b-4745-8952-8ee9c2649776 | The class of insects and the class of lions do not overlap. Every single lion is an animal. As a result, some animals are not insects. | true | true |
3385a56c-c169-4cea-ab4b-5a48ed4980d1 | There exist some birds that are fish. A number of sharks are fish. It follows, then, that some sharks are birds. | false | false |
ec60f858-72d6-455b-976f-fe289c371eaf | Every dog is a mammal. No dog is a reptile. Therefore, no reptiles are mammals. | false | true |
6a44409a-3040-47b0-8f76-a2eb6d8c27ab | It is the case that all professionals are adults. Some people are not professionals. Therefore, it is implied that some people are not adults. | false | true |
68affb76-c5fc-4423-9221-1784c4509086 | Every novel is a book. Nothing that is a magazine is a book. Therefore, a magazine cannot be a novel. | true | true |
6e672b31-84e2-4b83-92ca-30f90e27bd00 | There are no mammals that are fish. Among the fish, a few are canines. Not all canines are mammals. | true | false |
5029f069-0076-49ad-b65e-b592fed18083 | There are no dogs that are reptiles. Everything that is a fish is a dog. Thus, every fish is a reptile. | false | false |
31cd942c-7484-4e2a-8552-902391d50530 | It is impossible for furniture to be a chair. A portion of chairs are tables. Some of the tables are not furniture. | true | false |
b93c1c6a-958a-4cfb-975b-585432f3cd20 | Kitchen items are never hammers. A few hammers are, in fact, tools. There exist tools that are not kitchen items. | true | true |
06a0aa7f-5aaa-4a9a-af0e-7cfc8affd23a | Everything that is a bird is an animal. Every single eagle is an animal. It is the case that some eagles are birds. | false | true |
e34fafec-30b9-4a28-a470-eb952d244988 | Anything that is a planet is a celestial body. Not a single Earth is a celestial body. It follows from this that no Earth is a planet. | true | false |
a7d18367-6870-4eee-9a55-60a5dcc9dd70 | Anything that is a dog is also a pet. There are some cats that are not pets. It must be true that no cat is a dog. | false | true |
0facfad6-abe4-4a37-bd8a-5996bd3a2254 | Anything that is a fish is an animal. There are birds, and all of them are animals. Based on this, it must be the case that every bird is a fish. | false | false |
7c5ab39b-14be-4b8f-aea0-58f360ec1c58 | It is the case that no bird is a fish. It is also not the case that any fish is a mammal. It follows from this that no mammals are birds. | false | true |
69b3cfc6-9b74-4553-a6b6-6fbed67e9eba | There are no animals that fly which are also fish. Every creature that is a bird is also a flying animal. As a consequence, there is not a single bird that is a fish. | true | true |
3ecdc552-39d1-4b9b-8255-dda2990d7197 | There are no cars which are airplanes. Some of the things that are vehicles are cars. It must be true that some airplanes are not vehicles. | false | false |
5cc44de7-9c1c-45d1-b8e7-7711e1bafce3 | Every parrot has a beak. All parrots are classified as birds. Therefore, it must be that all birds have beaks. | false | true |
b1817bad-3418-463a-8bef-82d34ee31dfd | A thing that is a square cannot be a circle. There exist shapes that are squares and are also polygons. From this, we know for certain that some polygons are not circles. | true | true |
08408587-3887-4246-9d6f-7a4492ad48c7 | Anyone who is a rose is red. Some flowers are not red. From this, all flowers are roses. | false | false |
89694013-2061-4e74-b907-514d57cc67b2 | A portion of healthy foods are vegetables. There are some carrots that are vegetables. It follows, then, that some carrots are healthy foods. | false | true |
4823d0a9-5eae-4386-af0f-54d04c9cd2cf | Anyone who is a doctor is trained in medicine. Every single pediatrician is a doctor. It is the case that some pediatricians are trained in medicine. | true | true |
4157f15c-b21e-4946-84cb-19be0df5f51f | Every flying object is a creature with wings. Any and all elephants are also creatures with wings. This implies that all elephants are flying objects. | false | false |
9117126d-5160-40c0-81c1-3f784d8f8cef | Everything that is a fish is a vertebrate. A portion of vertebrates are sharks. A subset of sharks are fish. | false | false |
d1c9c4bb-2e00-41ae-909c-425ff182f92c | Stars and gas giants have no overlap whatsoever. At least one thing that is a gas giant is a planet. Some of the things that are planets are not stars. | true | true |
f2a9e4e1-a969-436f-877c-bb605fb7c62e | It is not the case that every huma is a man. Every single man is a human. From this, it follows that some humans are living beings. | false | true |
428fcd4d-5c1a-4c6b-b836-a6cf49562c77 | Anything that is a doctor is also a human. No humans are ever insects. This logically suggests that some insects are not doctors. | true | true |
199ec342-0add-469d-87ce-5c375b2f75d1 | Every single liquid is a molecule. Every single gas is a molecule. As a result, all gases are liquids. | false | false |
d8954215-16e1-4b1a-ab2f-bb98b633712d | There are some ideas that are made of cheese. Every single idea is an emotion. Consequently, some emotions are made of cheese. | true | false |
88906e17-b2f0-4ba9-9a42-387949ef58d8 | There is no such thing as an insect that is also a mammal. Every single ant is an insect. It logically follows that ants are not mammals. | true | true |
57cefbea-6a5e-4b24-b537-007d1837b288 | A few large predators are insects. Every single insect is a tiny creature. It logically follows that some tiny creatures are large predators. | true | false |
cc362ec8-4aca-4868-acb7-c4b193c9dd20 | There are no chairs that are not furniture. All furniture are items found in a household. It follows that some items found in a household are chairs. | true | true |
7fc2053a-6dba-4035-89ca-1cc3397c9e15 | Polygons and circles have no overlap whatsoever. At least one thing that is a circle is a triangle. Some of the things that are triangles are not polygons. | true | false |
3b1c7731-50f6-4d9b-a0a1-9d9afa9134e3 | Everything that can be classified as an apple is a vegetable. Everything that is a carrot is also a vegetable. Every single apple is a carrot. | false | false |
fd7d1283-6217-4458-8f48-40968017069c | Every single vehicle is an animal. No cars are animals. A portion of modes of transportation are not vehicles. | true | false |
342ddbb4-d0f4-41d5-9fe8-b9cfa5414ee9 | Every single human is an alien. Every single human is a reptile. Therefore, there are reptiles that are aliens. | true | false |
89cbc28f-fbfa-46fd-849a-14aaaf90eece | There is no book that is an electronic device. All electronic devices are items. This proves that some items are books. | false | true |
f98919ca-cc46-4be8-b485-2a8085bb3303 | There are some robots that are teenagers. Every teenager is a human. It follows from this that every single human is a robot. | false | false |
e630eecd-f2e5-40b2-8417-3d88982377a5 | None of the items that are carrots are bell peppers. There are vegetables that are bell peppers. It is correct to infer that some vegetables are not carrots. | true | true |
4a57a2e2-b86d-45ec-9db2-f15de898af11 | No animal that is a reptile is a mammal. A few of the things that are fish are reptiles. This leads to the conclusion that a certain number of fish are mammals. | false | false |
bac14978-b426-42f3-830e-d222127e8425 | No relatives are considered family members. Everything that is a sibling is a family member. It can be deduced that a part of siblings are not relatives. | true | false |
b849ab87-08a8-4ad7-9535-633e79d73ca5 | A celestial body is never a piece of furniture. Each of the planets is, in fact, a celestial body. For this reason, no planet is an item of furniture. | true | true |
a3192ff9-b4bd-45f0-a28b-29874369e42a | Any person who is a man is a human. Every man is a bachelor. It follows that every bachelor is a human. | false | true |
f7420d57-87e1-4e25-9dfd-9a2154f044ba | Some fruits are bicycles. Every bicycle is a vehicle. Therefore, some vehicles are fruits. | true | false |
0a60216c-0892-42a4-9afb-f72f70ce24b9 | A portion of fitness enthusiasts are runners. Anyone who is a runner is also an athlete. Therefore, a subset of athletes are fitness enthusiasts. | true | true |
9fcdef6b-4601-4603-92bc-1124b386ce5b | Anything that is a rose is a plant. There are no animals that are roses. Consequently, there are no animals that are plants. | false | true |
e8b5e46d-d26f-4c48-bba0-4a109e59574f | Anything which is a dog is a living creature. It is the case that some living creatures are not mammals. Therefore, it follows that some mammals are not dogs. | false | true |
1645c4b0-8647-41e2-be04-11e6354dbd90 | Every single animal is capable of breathing underwater. There are no horses that are not animals. A number of horses are able to breathe underwater. | true | false |
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