id
stringlengths
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syllogism
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validity
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2 classes
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abe7856c-6d01-4804-8925-024dc21d11d9
There are no animals that are living creatures. Every single mammal is a living creature. Consequently, there exist some mammals which are not animals.
true
false
b5a2d8f8-8dc8-4f55-9da3-7b964f045574
No individual who is a physicist is an English teacher. There are some people who are teachers and are also English teachers. Thus, some individuals who are teachers are not physicists.
true
true
6448127c-d151-4443-8c20-b905f2d0146d
Anything that is a mammal is not an insect. It is known that some items that are spiders are insects. A consequence is that some spiders are mammals.
false
false
d55b879b-3633-419a-8b27-6a4704f0d118
It is true that there are some individuals who are musicians who are not pianists. Every musician is an artist. From these two facts, one can conclude that some artists are not pianists.
true
true
66f1c7d9-8f37-4f93-842e-4020d38b0e68
It is not true that any bird is a cat. No dog is a bird. This leads to the conclusion that no dog is a cat.
false
true
5b7d32a6-8a3c-41a1-ab3f-03143d574cbd
Every human is an animal that is a primate. No animals that are primates are also fish. Therefore, it is the case that some fish are not humans.
true
true
995564e9-24da-47e6-9c8b-c5352eadc638
Anything that is a human is a primate. The set of reptiles contains no primates. Every single reptile is a human.
false
true
51fdf28a-0458-4d35-9d2b-9992fcb0a57e
There is no fire which is hot. All of the bonfires are fire. Thus, there exist some bonfires which are not hot.
true
false
a032a04b-1692-4c50-867a-17e2cdfc0387
Every animal is a mammal. There are some reptiles that are animals. It can be concluded that all reptiles are mammals.
false
false
2ab78772-0f7f-4554-ab3a-8bd5d40b66e7
Every object that orbits a star is a planet. Anything that is a gas giant is an object that is a planet. Therefore, there are no gas giants that do not orbit a star.
true
true
9b4a33d2-4024-4900-9a9f-13f66f1f6b84
Every single hammer is a tool. Nothing that is a wrench is a tool. Therefore, it must be the case that every wrench is a hammer.
false
false
c7a40015-f5f1-4a6e-9065-839eadd5172a
There are no politicians that are fish. There are no fish that are lawyers. Therefore, some lawyers are politicians.
false
true
7ba0e12a-e78e-468b-a647-54332b6660b7
Every single mammal is an animal. Every single mammal is a vertebrate. Therefore, there are vertebrates that are animals.
true
true
e977d9ed-ced8-4eee-a678-f1fe41b23b05
Nothing that is a cold-blooded animal is also a reptile. Among the animals that are snakes, some are cold-blooded. It is therefore the case that some snakes are not reptiles.
true
false
5caaa82f-e106-47af-a5ec-f5a195e341d1
Every creature that is a human is an academic. All professors are academics. This leads to the conclusion that there are some professors who are not humans.
false
false
4480e5d5-495a-4928-a420-a3c74b9268a9
Every single mammal is an animal. Each and every feline is an animal. This makes it true that every feline is a mammal.
false
true
eb34cdc4-fa19-4ddc-8cd2-6c8f13f1e7a5
Anything that is a scientist is a person who studies. Anything that is a scientist is a professional. Consequently, some professionals are people who study.
true
true
c22180d9-b32d-481d-a2ed-a540c1e1853f
Every keyboard is a cloud. Not a single cloud is a musical instrument. From this, it follows that no musical instruments is a keyboard.
true
false
beb1df32-1d8c-40eb-a481-d08752c30625
The set of living beings is a subset of the set of animals with gills. At least one fish is not an animal with gills. Not every fish is a living being.
false
false
5e28ca3b-7365-4519-aefc-6b8ad8270ff6
There exist creatures which are sharks that are not creatures that leave in water. Every shark is a fish. Consequently, it follows that some fish are not creatures that leave in water.
true
false
73e5dc2c-1c3a-4c0d-96ea-61002d03f225
It is true that all cars are vehicles. Anything that is a bicycle is also a vehicle. It's the case that some bicycles fail to be cars.
false
true
98252dfa-fc4f-4882-b126-5929bce03dad
There is not a single item that is a car and also a truck. A subset of vehicles consists of trucks. It can be deduced that some vehicles are not cars.
true
true
d1a8eb77-d4f7-4b1c-be1a-6e501f5b910e
Every single thing that is a bird is an animal. Anything that is a pigeon is, without exception, a bird. This means that all pigeons are animals.
true
true
31792188-56c1-4948-89de-1b72940f1e44
Every car is a vehicle. Nothing that is a building can be considered a vehicle. There are some buildings that do not fit the description of a car.
true
true
7047ea6a-0592-4226-9d6c-8d852a4e4d83
Not a single thing that is a canine is a feline. It is the case that a portion of dogs are canines. This proves that some dogs are felines.
false
false
e1d73587-80f8-4605-8498-0ef21fec3ba9
Every single person who is a biologist is a scientist. All people who are physicists are scientists. This leads to the conclusion that all physicists are biologists.
false
false
8e73a345-d7c3-4d9f-bd1b-c0b852a03dcf
Not a single person who is a poodle is a dog. Every single animal is a poodle. The conclusion that no animal is a dog is inescapable.
false
false
33d55b15-c886-478b-91bb-8af9b5b7fe31
All successful people are those who can be rich. Every single person who is successful works hard. This proves that everyone who works hard can be rich.
false
true
35ecf751-bb19-4329-ad37-1087d9fe2a0a
Every car is a motorized vehicle. At least one bicycle is not a motorized vehicle. Not all bicycles can be considered cars.
false
true
14973340-3381-49f3-9dcd-3805c7a419bc
It is true that every single book is invisible. Anything that is invisible is also poisonous. This means that a few poisonous things are books.
true
false
ffc1a467-4a95-445e-96bf-6064f3348b75
There are no dogs that are cats. There are no dogs that are reptiles. Consequently, no reptiles are cats.
false
true
c4526195-4ffd-4b73-b37b-e7fcc91d6812
Nothing that is a liquid is a solid. It is the case that some water is not a solid. The only conclusion is that some water is not a liquid.
false
false
6a8f60ed-ac31-45e0-8c05-4915d090f21d
There are no fiction books that are not non-fiction. Anything that is a novel is a fiction book. Therefore, some novels are non-fiction.
true
false
a9e0e8bb-07cb-4153-bfc7-cb4428463fc7
Gold is always classified as a metal. Nothing that is a plastic is a metal. Therefore, no plastic is gold.
true
true
e9335b28-89be-4bdd-97da-cc84bec3b7dd
A few aquatic animals are fish. All things that are fish are vertebrates. It can be deduced that some vertebrates are aquatic animals.
true
true
14d879e5-8e7b-41c1-882c-1a75b86844b4
Every single dog is a mammal. Nothing that is a lizard is a mammal. Consequently, there are no creatures that are both lizards and dogs.
true
true
28bd236c-0c71-4d83-bf97-b09721850918
No animal that is a dog is a bird. Some of the animals known as beagles are dogs. As a result, some beagles are not birds.
true
true
a9d0a8e8-8892-47e4-8b25-85d1bb1394dc
Any beverage that is chilled is cold. Some soft drinks are beverages that are chilled. It follows that some soft drinks are cold.
true
true
942fb93d-8fcc-478a-a1b7-d1bb4610c661
It is the case that some individuals who are professors are not lecturers. Anyone who is a professor is also an academic. Consequently, it can be concluded that some academics are not lecturers.
true
true
8c0b8a2d-6338-4d41-9d69-ca633163341a
The group of furniture is a subset of the group of chairs. At least one sofa is not a chair. Not every sofa is a furntiture.
false
false
ff711f53-e1ce-448e-958b-c702260df860
There are no humans who are insects. A few humans are astronauts. It is the case that a portion of all astronauts are insects.
false
false
59294bfb-c4e7-4b47-8ddf-947ebb9e14ff
Anything that is a fish is not a mammal. There are no dogs that are fish. Consequently, every dog is a mammal.
false
true
187905fc-878d-4ac2-bdd6-638daa9818f8
Anything that is a cat is a feline. Every single tiger is a feline. It follows that every tiger is not a cat.
false
true
e213d351-2f05-43b4-b277-c9ecded9473b
Not a single item that is an instrument is a piano. There are keyboards which are also pianos. We must conclude that some keyboards are not instruments.
true
false
17929cfd-f422-400e-a2fe-a28b86424926
Everything that is an oak is a plant. A certain number of oaks are trees. This implies that some trees are plants.
true
true
b46a6c4b-d833-453c-9718-023a87186adc
Anything that is a primate has a thumb. All monkeys are, by definition, primates. We can conclude that some monkeys have a thumb.
true
true
6304f895-d581-4b74-ac78-648b509789f5
There is no plant that is a mushroom. Some of the mushrooms are vegetables. Therefore, some vegetables are not plants.
true
false
4174bbf2-1f54-4ae3-a5e9-cefac102ed46
There are no animals that do not live on land. It is the case that no fish is an animal. At least some fish live on land.
false
false
c7fd5116-5c07-4a94-b028-21957275f4b9
There exist some fish that are bony fish. Of the items that are sharks, some are bony fish. We must conclude that some sharks are not fish.
false
false
490459ce-a63c-4b9c-952f-4f2600c080c1
Every single person is a human. A number of women are humans. Consequently, some women are people.
false
true
76d43773-397f-4d6b-8304-d4f2ce89290f
It is the case that no cars are boats. It is also true that no bikes are cars. From these statements, one can conclude that some bikes are not boats.
false
true
f91a4b0c-fc65-4d9d-9aa6-20e11f95b5a8
Anything with an internal combustion engine needs fuel. Some cars possess an internal combustion engine. From this, it follows that some cars need fuel.
true
true
5b14aaf3-7046-4858-8069-723378b1d76c
All things that are made of wood can catch on fire. There are some chairs that are wooden objects. It follows, then, that some chairs can be set on fire.
true
true
a7b103d0-0445-418e-aa2d-7d7302c10c51
It is true that all novels are books. There are some posters that are not books. Therefore, it is the case that some posters are not novels.
true
true
dfd5eb0f-1457-4e71-b1d9-60dd75ce5ebb
It is true that every single vehicle is a cloud. No clouds are cars. Based on this information, it is logically necessary that some cars are not vehicles.
true
false
ec09b245-cd39-4bf3-95b5-29f73ac156ab
Every single snake is a reptile. It is the case that all lizards are reptiles. It follows that some lizards are snakes.
false
true
f82be88d-5ec5-48f2-98ed-84893e692052
Nothing that is a vehicle is a building. All buildings in existence are cars. A certain portion of cars are not vehicles.
true
false
17d75025-267a-445c-af3a-f1ad604d6c4d
Everything that is an ocean is a body of water. A few rivers are bodies of water. Consequently, it is possible to infer that some rivers are oceans.
false
false
c9085b40-41d0-45a8-bdcf-306b0fb9ed9a
It is the case that all trees are plants. Anything that is an oak is also a plant. Some oaks fail to be trees.
false
false
45c767ec-4f15-4178-b7cd-91d61f9ffdf8
Each and every star is a celestial body. There are some planets that are stars. Consequently, all planets are celestial bodies.
false
true
975254d3-6a2c-4878-8eb4-4f5bd70a0394
It is not the case that every novel has pages. Every single thing which is a novel is a book. One can therefore conclude that some books do not have pages.
true
false
0c88cde4-2b57-4056-8871-e3d64cad89da
Every plant is a living thing. Anything that is an animal is a living thing. It is therefore the case that all animals are plants.
false
false
dbf38723-5390-4452-b85b-19499e555bba
It is true that everything that is an animal is a mammal. It is also true that no reptiles are animals. Thus, it is concluded that no reptiles are animals.
false
false
b601c0d3-7033-4d4a-a8ab-59ac4fe4a4c8
Every object that is a living thing is an object with mass. All humans are objects with mass. Consequently, every single human is a living thing.
false
true
fe103879-a542-4b78-b39f-5b3c3969a5a8
A square cannot be a shape. There exist shapes that are squares and are also rectangles. It necessarily follows that a subset of rectangles are not shapes.
true
false
cc4fa2b9-3a5c-449c-b887-703315f129ff
There are some celestial bodies that are stars. There are some planets which are celestial bodies. Planets are in no way stars.
false
true
eb1866e6-0efb-4683-874c-f8303965a818
There are no animals that are vegetables. It is also true that no cats are vegetables. Therefore, it is argued that every cat is an animal.
false
true
c38ed5be-cc84-4689-b624-40e8028d6e08
There are no creatures with feathers which are also insects. Every single creature identified as a bird is a creature with feathers. None of the creatures that are birds are also insects.
true
true
6917eb33-a69d-4447-bd79-e891457405d4
There are some mammals that can fly. It is the case that no bird can fly. Therefore, all birds are mammals.
false
false
91cc9185-2d04-4140-a98c-61c8b582afe2
Anything which is a human is capable of walking. It is the case that no rock is a human. At least some rocks can walk.
false
false
f4db0d1f-081b-4f3d-95a0-726adff675f6
Every single elephant is a mammal. Every single rhinoceros is a mammal. This means that no rhinoceros is an elephant.
false
true
a33f2989-2d8f-40f2-9680-351c1fa406ef
Every single four-sided-shape is a rectangle. All four-sided-shapes are squares. It follows from this that some squares are not rectangles.
false
false
f879bc6e-b6df-4283-9c10-51fac98c9f1e
Anything that is a car is an object that moves. Some vehicles are cars. Therefore, every single vehicle is an object that moves.
false
true
55acfad1-cae2-452d-897f-82ff20b9d476
There are no houses that are buildings. There are no cars that are houses. It follows, then, that some cars are buildings.
false
false
ad3f9d03-8ff5-4351-be16-ff960693bd50
Every person who is a professional cook is a person who can cook. A portion of professional cooks are chefs. Thus, it is the case that some chefs are people who can cook.
true
true
0cd88274-2420-4a6f-a7d5-791418d1ac9f
Nothing that is a mineral is a plant. It is known that a portion of rocks are minerals. This leads to the conclusion that a certain number of rocks are plants.
false
false
7e8b844e-cae9-489c-85d2-754e381f6ced
Anyone who is a reader is a scholar. There are students who are readers. Consequently, some students are scholars.
true
true
2219408c-9372-4018-a741-45e971e04512
There is no fish that is a mammal. No mammals are birds whatsoever. This implies that no bird is a fish.
false
true
661f36d9-ec1e-499b-b9ad-1a6ca24dd73a
Hats and jackets do not overlap. A portion of jackets are pieces of clothing. Some pieces of clothing are not hats.
true
true
e8e7080d-1e0d-461c-ab4d-5b4718980ffa
The set of refrigerators and the set of pieces of furniture have nothing in common. All items that are sofas are pieces of furniture. Refrigerators are not sofas.
true
true
f2deff13-a6a2-47f0-8835-89a093ad2c5d
Animals and tables have no overlap whatsoever. A portion of tables are birds. Some of the things that are birds are not animals.
true
false
fe124870-b0cd-4e46-a5f5-67bd5447463a
Some of the mammals are carnivores. Every single carnivore is an animal. It is the case that some animals are mammals.
true
true
ae5332c8-e538-4acc-b93e-e1db2ba41d49
There are no parrots which are mammals. Some birds are parrots. This implies that some birds are mammals.
false
true
187124ed-e532-46c1-846e-4e88789f621c
Anything that is a carrot is also a fruit. There is no banana which is a carrot. This means that no banana is a fruit.
false
false
7c03f7df-2432-474c-b889-72c099494fbb
Every spoon is a planet. All planets are singing lessons. It can be logically concluded that some singing lessons are spoons.
true
false
d3bb5775-efda-4bba-b4a7-c546af42cf33
Anything that is an insect is a creature made of glass. Every single ant is an insect. Consequently, all ants are made of glass.
true
false
e364a21e-cecb-4050-818a-20c1195a0f9b
There is not a single item that is both a color and red. Of the items that are hues, a portion of them are red. It must be the case that some hues are not colors.
true
false
a0f1b414-9e52-40f6-9b3f-02181b8c8577
Every car can be described as a machine. There are no ferraries that are machines. Consequently, no ferrari is a car.
true
false
1567c398-05f8-425d-8d0f-3fc7c7327cf0
Every single shirt is a piece of clothing. No articles of clothing are ever beverages. This implies that some beverages are not shirts.
true
true
45d94787-3541-406f-af22-4fd535dee8a8
Every vehicle has wheels. At least one car does not have wheels. Not all cars are vehicles.
false
false
6cb41e5e-32e3-4eeb-b3b2-700c7e3a692f
Anything that is a dog is an animal. Everything that is a cat is an animal. It is the case that some cats are not canines.
false
true
3a99d768-f046-4aff-a9fd-78b6abed373a
There is no plant that is a rock. Some of the rocks are flowers. Therefore, some flowers are not plants.
true
false
4afebaca-60c2-4a9e-aa14-81508d9f6a0c
People are not, in any way, learners. Anything that is a student is a learner. Students cannot be people.
true
false
982c7ee4-d97d-4ff7-927b-351beb3c89e9
All things which are oceans are computers. All things which are oceans are made of silk. It follows that some things made of silk are computers.
true
false
3be34539-8d21-4398-a341-054fc05f0e60
Nothing that is mortal is immortal. Every single human being is a mortal creature. Therefore, no human is immortal.
true
true
312d903d-c5fc-4ac8-beb2-3ec72f6b25b9
There are no plants that are fish. Some objects classified as a rose is a plant. Therefore, no roses are fish.
false
true
619eeec3-c9e1-404d-8ca6-5375df3777bb
Furniture are things that are in no way items for sitting. All items that are chairs were designed for sitting. Chairs are not furniture.
true
false
555e904c-ecda-4b8b-8e97-d80dafe29a87
Every monkey is a primate. There are some animals that have prehensile tails which are monkeys. This means that a few animals with prehensile tails are primates.
true
true
0700415b-1bd2-4bf2-baba-848f70b38c7d
Some trains are not celestial bodies. It is the case that every single train is a planet. Consequently, some planets cannot be considered celestial bodies.
true
false
5797d6f3-0f12-4f1f-90ae-6d1c5098dc5c
Every single truck is a vehicle. There are some scooters which are not vehicles. It follows that some scooters are not trucks.
true
true