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pile casting
护筒
heavy tamping method
重锤夯实法
mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping
灰土换填夯实法
underwater concreting or concreting with tremie method
灌注水下混凝土
regulating structure
导流建筑物
spur dike
丁坝 or 挑水坝
longitudinal dam
顺坝
river bed paving
河床铺砌
wharf
码头
bent
排架
scaffold
脚手架
hanging stage or hanging scaffold
悬空脚手架
railway culvert
铁路涵洞
aperture of culvert
涵洞孔径
pipe culvert
管涵
box culvert
箱涵
arch culvert
拱涵
slab culvert
盖板涵
inlet unsubmerged culvert
无压力涵洞
outlet submerged culvert
压力式涵洞
inlet submerged culvert
半压力式涵洞
open channel or open ditch or open drain
明渠
inverted siphon
倒虹吸管
tidal river
潮汐河流
silting or siltation
淤积
ice drift
流冰
railway car ferries
铁路轮渡
ferry station
轮渡站
ferry trestle bridge
轮渡栈桥
ferry boat
渡轮
ferry slip
轮渡引线 or 轮渡斜引道
railway tunnel
铁路隧道
mountain tunnel
山岭隧道
over mountain line tunnel
越岭隧道
subaqueous tunnel or underwater tunnel
水下隧道 or 水地隧道
subway tunne or underground railway tunnel
地铁隧道
shallow tunnel or shallow-depth tunnel or shallow burying tunnel
浅埋隧道
deep tunnel or deep-depth tunnel or deep burying tunnel
深埋隧道
single track tunnel
单线隧道
double track tunnel
双线隧道
multiple track tunnel
多线隧道
station tunnel
车站隧道
subway station or metro station
地铁车站
super long tunnel
特长隧道
long tunnel
长隧道
medium tunnel
中长隧道
short tunnel
短隧道
tunnel group
隧道群
subway engineering or metro engineering
地铁工程
tunne ladit or tunnel opening
洞口
tunnel entrance
隧道进口
tunnel exit
隧道出口
front slope
迎坡 or 正面坡
tunnel portal
洞门
tunnel portal frame
洞门框
end wall tunnel portal
端墙式洞门
post tunnel portal
柱式洞门
wing wall tunnel portal
翼墙式洞门
ear wall tunnel portal
耳墙式洞门
bench tunnel portal
台阶式洞门
orthonormal tunnel portal or straight tunnel portal
正洞门
skew tunnel portal
斜洞门
open-cut-tunnel portal or gallery portal
明洞门
lining
衬砌
arch
拱圈
side wall
边墙
invert or inverted arch
仰拱
floor
底板
integral lining
整体式衬砌
precast lining or prefabricated lining
装配式衬砌
moulded lining
模筑衬砌
lining of tunnel portal section
洞口段衬砌
unsymmetrically loading lining or eccentrically compressed lining
偏压衬砌
composite lining
组合衬砌 or 复合衬砌
primary support
初期支护
secondary lining
二次衬砌
isolation layer
隔离层
shorcrete bolt lining
喷锚衬砌
anchor-section lining
下锚段衬砌 or 接触网锚段衬砌
extruding concrete tunnel lining
挤压混凝土衬砌
thermal insulation layer
隔热层
open-cut tunnel or tunnel without cover or gallery
明洞
arch open cut tunnel or arch tunnel without cover or arch gallery
拱形明洞
shed tunnel or shed gallery
棚洞
cut-type open cut tunnel or cut-type tunnel without cover or cut-type gallery
路堑式明洞
part cut-type open cut tunnel or part cut-type tunnel without cover or part cut-type gallery
半路堑式明洞
anti-skid-type open cut tunnel or anti-skid-type tunnel without cover or anti-skid-type gallery
抗滑明洞
slab shed tunnel or slab shed gallery
盖板式棚洞
framed shed tunnel or framed shed gallery
刚架式棚洞
cantilever shed tunnel or cantilever shed gallery
悬臂式棚洞
expert system of tunnel
隧道专家系统
surrounding rock
围岩
pressure of surrounding rock
围岩压力
ground pressure or stratum pressure
地层压力
relaxation pressure
松弛压力
deformation pressure
形变压力
self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock
围岩自承能力
self-stabilization time of tunnel
坑道自稳时间
elastic resistance
弹性抗力
grouting pressure
灌浆压力